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t 7 a YEARS1 c 0 0 o 2 v 6 1957- d A Vol. 37, No. 2 – February 2017 Q ’ ue rs bec Farme WHAT’S INSIDE Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Pierre Paradis page 0 dismissed over Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx page 0 sexual misconduct Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx page 0 allegations Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx page 0

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“In the United States, the majority undertakes to supply a multitude of ready-made opinions for PASCAL RATTHÉ/ARCHIVES TCN the use of individuals, Pierre Paradis, now the former Quebec minister of agriculture, has been kicked out of the Liberal cabinet after an employee lodged a complaint against him for making “inappropriate gestures” of a sexual nature. This is the second time a member of the Couillard government has been who are thus relieved from dismissed over allegations of sexual misconduct. the necessity of forming opinions of their own.” Andrew McClelland But the reasons for Paradis’s dismissal MNA for Brome-Missisquoi suf- — Alexis de Tocqueville Advocate Staff Reporter are hardly clear. And neither has the fered a mild concussion after falling communication regarding the matter from a horse while horseback riding. The Quebec Liberal Party’s star cabi- been held in a transparent nature by the A spokesperson for Paradis, Laurence net minister, Pierre Paradis, has been Quebec Liberal Party. Lemieux, described the concussion dismissed of his duties and kicked out The investigation by the SQ into as mild. “He’s been horseback riding of cabinet after the Sûreté du Québec Paradis’s behaviour centres on “inap- for many years,” she told the Montreal QFA’s Farm Food Forums (SQ) announced that it was launching propriate gestures” of a sexual nature Gazette. “There’s no reason to worry; it’s an investigation for sexual misconduct involving an employee. On January 24, not something major.” regarding the former provincial minister the premier’s of ce received a letter from But the very next day, the SQ told a of agriculture. the alleged victim, offering details about different story, announcing that it had Thursday, February 23 Paradis, who had been the head of the complaint. Police were still looking begun an investigation into Paradis and the Ministère de l’Agriculture, des into the matter, but the premier decided had alerted the Liberal Party’s chief of “Knowing Your Cost Pêcheries et de l’Alimentation du Paradis would leave his cabinet post staff on January 19. of Production” Québec (MAPAQ) since the Philippe temporarily. Couillard government came to power, However, on January 25, Premier See page 2 for details. has been temporarily replaced by Couillard’s of ce gave a very dif- Laurent Lessard, who served as minister ferent reason for Paradis’s dis- of agriculture under Jean Charest. missal, saying that the 66-year-old CONTINUED ON PAGE 2 2 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 On the cover

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 forward. It wasn’t always easy, but we came to agreements together. Under the Suspicions Charest government, he remained very The investigations and dismissal come open to the concerns of the UPA.” at a trying time for relations between The Parti Québécois (PQ) raised con- the former minister of agriculture and cerns over the way the Liberals handled Quebec producers. Paradis had been announcing the truth of the situation. criticized for his perceived inaction PQ MNA Agnes Maltais said that there regarding the Programme de crédit de were “holes” in the chronology of events taxes foncières agricoles, the provincial regarding Paradis’s dismissal and how regulation that calculates the amount of much the Couillard government knew tax farmers pay on their land and farm about the allegations. buildings. Maltais criticized Couillard’s of# ce To say that the Union des producteurs for exhibiting “the opposite of transpar- agricoles (UPA) and Paradis didn’t get ency” by announcing that Paradis was along would be something of an under- leaving the cabinet for health reasons. statement. The former minister was “It is clear that the premier has not been clear in the last days. He tried to spare his minister or the government,” she The Parti Québécois (PQ) raised commented. concerns over the way the Maltais added that it “takes great Liberals handled announcing the courage” for any employee to bring alle- truth of the situation. gations of this nature against a govern- ment minister. YVES CHARLEBOIS Paradis has been temporarily replaced by Laurent Lessard, who served as minister of agriculture Disrespect towards women under Jean Charest from 2010-2011. greeted with jeers and hissing when This is the second time a member of he made an appearance at the UPA’s Couillard’s government has been dis- announced that it “concludes that no of Paradis and Sklavounos as “deplo- Annual General Meeting in Quebec City missed for allegations of sexual miscon- criminal act had been committed.” rable.” in December 2016. duct. Paquet, however, maintains that the “For me, one thing is obvious,” said UPA President Marcel Groleau greet- Gerry Sklavounos, who was elected version of events she testi# ed to are true Massé. “For a second time in your cabi- ed Lessard’s appointment to take over as a Liberal, was asked in October by and that police investigating the case net, in important positions, there are from Paradis enthusiastically, saying, the premier to sit as an independent, suggested to her that she would have to men who believe that they have latitude “When Mr. Lessard was minister of agri- following Alice Paquet’s allegations she have the alleged incidents on camera to to be able to degrade relations with culture, he was there with us on the was sexually assaulted by the MNA bring it to trial. women. It’s harassment and intimida- ground. Mr. Lessard took the time to at a restaurant where she worked as a Manon Massé, MNA for the Quebec tion. And it’s unacceptable.” listen to people and surrounded himself hostess. In that case, Quebec’s direc- Solidaire party, described the situa- Paradis has been released from hospi- with a staff that worked to move issues tor of criminal prosecutions recently tion brought about by the dismissals tal and is now recovering at home.

2 0 1 6 / 1 7 F A R M. F O O D. F O R U M. ◊ INFORMING IDEAS ◊ ENCOURAGING DISCUSSION ◊ AFFECTING THE WAY YOU DO THINGS ◊ THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2017 - Knowing Your Cost of Production THURSDAY, MARCH 30, 2017 - Sustainable Agriculture and Organic Production THURSDAY, APRIL 27, 2017 - Farm Business Advisory Services Begins at 7:30 p.m. - ends at 10:00 p.m. Connecting Community Learning Centres in Shawville, Low, Lachute, Ormstown, Magog, Richmond and Bury

The Quebec Farmers’ Association – representing Quebec’s Anglophone agricultural and rural community since 1957 QFA, 555 Boul. Roland-Therrien, Longueuil, QC. J4H 4E7 450.679.0540 Ext. 8536 [email protected] www.quebecfarmers.org

QFA WISHES TO THANK ITS FORUM PARTNERS FOR THEIR SUPPORT IN BRINGING YOU THE 2016/2017 SERIES Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 3 QFA News Fair-weather friends: The Conservative Party and supply management

Andrew McClelland we’ve undertaken,” said Ritz repeatedly Advocate Staff Reporter when asked if his government would sacri! ce supply-managed industries in Quebec farmers following the leadership Canada if trading partners demanded it. race for the Conservative Party might “At the same time, we have to have a be wondering what they’re looking at balanced act between the multitude of these days. What would a post-Harper commodities that are exported.” Conservative Party hold for agriculture Conservatives who have come out in Canada and in the province were it to against supply management have come to power? risked reprisal from their fellow party After all, the Conservative Party has members. Conservative MP Michael often captured the votes of Quebeckers Chong—another candidate in the lead- when it seems least likely—such as with ership race—said Bernier’s “unilateral” Brian Mulroney’s ! rst election victory move would weaken Canada’s position in 1984 and Stephen Harper’s victory in in international trade negotiations. 2006. In an interview, Chong said that in MAXIME BERNIER FROM FACEBOOK TAKEN PHOTO With a whopping 13 would-be Maxime Bernier Steven Blaney recent trade deals, Canada worked Conservative Party leaders currently alongside the agricultural sector “to vying for the top spot in the leadership quotas, which would cost anywhere When asked for reassurance regard- give up some protection in return for race, Quebec has surprisingly become a from an estimated $18-billion to $28-bil- ing Ottawa’s of! cial stance on supply major concessions from our trading key issue. lion. management, former federal minister partners.” That’s thanks to the perennially touchy “A temporary levy on these products of agriculture Gerry Ritz would be less Most Conservative Party leadership issue of supply management in agricul- would be raised to compensate farmers than resounding in his support for the candidates are holding to the party’s ture. With Quebec being a dairy strong- for the value of their quota,” said Bernier system. of! cial stance to support supply man- hold in Canada, along with being a top in an of! cial statement published in “As a federal government, we’ve agement—or they’re keeping quiet. producer of poultry and eggs, supply- the Financial Post. “After that transition shown concern for the supply manage- A leader will be chosen at a party con- managed industries are wise to wonder period, we would have a free, open and ment sector in all of the negotiations that vention on May 27. if they can rely on the Conservative fair system for all, with lower prices, Party’s support in an era when the “free innovation, and more growth in the economy” has so many governmental whole agricultural sector.” supporters worldwide. Bernier has acknowledged that his The issue came to a head on January stance on the issue goes against of! cial 17 when Conservative Party leadership Conservative Party policy. When asked

“After that transition period, we would have a free, open and fair system for all, with lower prices, innovation, and more growth in the whole agricultural sector.” — Maxime Bernier hopefuls met for a French-language how he reconciles his point of view with debate in Quebec City. MP Steven Blaney, his position in the Conservative cabinet, a Francophone who represents the riding he’s unapologetic. of Lévis—Bellechasse, criticized Maxime “There is of course no way to reconcile Bernier for his well-known stance for it. Supply management is a system based abolishing supply management. on keeping the prices of dairy, poultry Blaney suggested that Bernier doesn’t and eggs arti! cially high through the understand the lives of agricultural pro- control of production, the banning of ducers, saying that they work hard while imports, price-! xing by bureaucrats, and Bernier likes to “go jogging.” on preventing competition and entry “They (farmers) are not in the room into the market. It is a cartel. It is the tonight because they are working,” opposite of free markets.” Blaney said. Of! cial policy Bernier vs. supply management During the Harper era, the Conservative Bernier’s of! cial stance on supply man- Party’s of! cial stance was always to agement is that it’s a system that is out support supply management in certain of date. The former minister of for- agricultural sectors. But when trade eign affairs said Canada should phase negotiations on a global scale would out the system over ! ve to ten years. come around, many farmers were left Governments would compensate farm- wondering how heartfelt that support ers for the full value of their existing really was. 4 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Farm Safety Smart, savvy and safe farm kids

Canadian Agricultural Safety Association

The value of hard work, a sense of responsibility and pride in a job well done are characteristics that all parents want to nurture in their children. There is noth- ing more gratifying than see- ing your child accomplish great things through hard work and determination. Farm kids are lucky because they see ! rst-hand how to accomplish tasks successfully, be stewards of land and live- stock, and take pride in hard work. However, raising a suc- cessful, smart and savvy farm kid doesn’t have to come at the price of their safety. Discussions concerning the issues of farm safety and chil- dren often can be controversial and emotionally charged, but ARCHIVES/TCN there is one point that everybody All children do impulsive things, aren’t always physically up to the task and sometimes make poor choices. It’s up to parents and caregivers to establish agrees on – the death of even just boundaries and guidelines. one child is a horri! c tragedy. It’s important that parents handle large equipment or be for their age, that’s true, but is an excellent resource that ideas. After all, it was farmers and caregivers understand that entrusted with complicated their stamina, strength, and ! ne parents and caregivers can use who championed minimal till- children aren’t miniature adults. farming tasks. motor skills are still develop- to guide decisions about what age and moved away from the Even the most advanced eight- Children grow and prog- ing. Mentally, children don’t kinds of farming tasks are age- traditional black dirt of sum- year-old is still a child. And these ress through different stages always understand consequenc- appropriate. These are guide- mer fallow. The same kind of wonderful young people don’t of physical, mental and emo- es of risky behavior. Even the lines, you know your child best, thinking needs to be applied to have the experience, physical tional development. Physically, most mature child doesn’t have but remember to take into con- safety on the farm. It might be strength or understanding to children are different than the life experience or critical sideration that parents often “tradition” to allow extra riders always make the right choice, adults. Some children are big thinking skills to always make overestimate their child. Be crit- on the farm equipment. And the best choices. Emotionally, ical and be truthful about your it might be “tradition” to have children haven’t developed child’s ability when determin- children around farm machin- the skills to balance impulses ing what tasks are appropriate. ery, but that doesn’t mean it has against risk or to always know Children’s safety on the farm to be this way. when to ask for help. just doesn’t end with assign- Build new traditions. Talk Take a critical look at your ing appropriate farming tasks. about the farm equipment, child. Do they always make the It also depends on their role teach children how they work, best choices? Are they always models and decisions that those show them the proper safety physically capable of doing adults make regarding safety gear, explore your farm togeth- mundane tasks? Do they act on the farm. According to the er in a safe and controlled impulsively? All children do Canadian Agricultural Injury way. Keeping children safe impulsive things, aren’t always Reporting, there were 248 agri- doesn’t mean that they can’t be physically up to the task and cultural fatalities among chil- involved in the farm. Instead, it sometimes make poor choices. dren and youth in Canada means that your children will It’s up to parents and caregiv- under 15 years of age. Although be around to be the next genera- ers to establish boundaries and 71 per cent of the agricultural tion of farmers, who will in turn guidelines, not just in everyday fatalities among children were carry on the tradition of a suc- life, but also when it comes to work-related, in 8 out of 10 cessful farming operation. farm safety. cases, the victim was not actual- Our children are our great- Risk taking is an important ly doing the work. These young est accomplishment and joy. Let part of growing up. Children victims were killed by someone them learn, run, jump, play and that take age-appropriate risks else who was engaged in agri- work. But let’s make sure they and engage in age-appropriate cultural work. do it at acceptable risk levels. tasks stand a better chance of So what can we do to pre- Take the time to understand growing up into skilled, capa- vent these untimely deaths? the risks farm children face and ble, and con! dent adults. The First, we have to rethink “tradi- how to nurture our future farm- North American Guidelines for tion.” Farmers are often on the ers in a healthy and safe way. Children’s Agricultural Tasks forefront of new and exciting www.agsafetyweek.ca Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 5 Farm Safety Controlling energy on the farm

John McCart QFA President

As we approach Canadian Agricultural Safety Week, held this year from March 12-18, we are called to remember every- thing we have learned and to seek new ways of improving safety on the farm. This past January, I attended the UPA- CNESST Farm Safety Seminar given in Drummondville. The topics this year dealt with hydraulic energy and electric- ity. An eye witness account of a farm fatality was given, and the emotions in the group ran high as we were given details of the accident and the impact it had on the families involved. The safety stickers placed around a machine are there for a reason and must not be ignored. Machines that chop, grind and mix have little regard for the human body, and there are no exceptions. Hydraulic energy is a vital source of power on a farm. Every tractor generates it, and almost all implements use it in at least one way. If a tractor is equipped with a front loader or a three-point hitch, ARCHIVES/TCN then operators must be aware of the As spring is right around the corner, I urge all farmers to avoid shortcuts, dangers. The pressure on a front loader As many of you know, electricity is follow safety procedures and heed warning signs and safety symbols. increases as the load increases in the also a source of danger on the farm. bucket. As the load is lifted higher into Please use a certi! ed electrician to make the air, the risk of injury also rises. When any upgrades or new installations on the working on the engine, it is important farm. Chances are that a friend, neigh- to lock out the lift cylinders. This can bour, or brother-in-law might not be be done by using the switch on the aware of all the changes to the code. It is loader lever, or by using cylinder blocks. possible to use the services of an appren- Symbols for Safety Pressures can increase from 3,000 to 6,000 tice, if he/she is following the rules and to 10,000 psi depending on the load. This codes. When working on machines pow- There are hundreds of potential hazards to keep in mind when working on can kill or trap if a line blows and the ered by electricity, or when a machine is a farm. Be aware of the risks by getting to know the symbols and signs that implement falls. The operator must be not in use, please be sure that the panel alert you to danger. sure that there is no pressure on the lines and switch are locked out. For example, when attaching, detaching or servicing when a worker is doing maintenance on Below, we’ve reprinted some of the warning signs you might ! nd on farm the implement. Some newer pieces of a silo unloader, the panel must be locked machinery and equipment. Take a quick look at them and remember what equipment have hydraulic compensators out to prevent another person from acci- they stand for. It could save your life. that help remove excess pressure. dentally starting it. This practice applies Another great danger from the to many other pieces of equipment on WARNING: hydraulic system comes from leaks. The the farm. Around the grain drying and Hydraulic cylinder operator must ensure that all ! ttings are handling system, there are numerous locking device. tight and that they are free from dirt and dangers, such as automatic augers that WARNING: debris. If there is a potential leak in the feed the dryers. It is important to follow Live electrical wire hose itself, please do not use your hand the recommended procedures for clos- contact. to verify its location. This oil is under ing off equipment. What’s more, electric great pressure and can cause a great deal motors must be well maintained and of damage to the operator’s hand and workers must be aware of keeping safe WARNING: arm. If the farmer needs to check for a distances around electric panels where Cutting or severing pinhole leak, use a piece of cardboard. an arc may occur. of ! ngers or hand, When working on equipment, lower As spring is right around the corner, I fan. equipment to the ground, remove the urge all farmers to avoid shortcuts, fol- key, remove the PTO shaft, disconnect low safety procedures and heed warning the hydraulic lines and disconnect the signs and safety symbols. Let us all have Hazard symbols taken from the Association of Equipment Manufacturers. electrical supply. a safe and productive season. 6 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Editorial Collaboration and action

municipal affairs (2009–2012) is without a We " rmly believe that with more upon a frozen budget. The challenges doubt an added asset. Better than anyone active participation from Quebec in cur- for agriculture are many, and the invest- else, he is able to grasp the importance of rent discussions, the case could be made ments required to meet the demands of having a Quebec farm property tax credit for increasing coverage for reference consumers and markets are considerable, Marcel Groleau that is adapted to today’s needs, for the margins, informed by Quebec’s prior in both animal and plant production. UPA President sake of both municipalities and farmers. experience, including with the Agri- Setting priorities based on the current The task before Lessard is to quickly Québec Plus program. Stronger leader- budget, as the federal government is On January 26, to the surprise of all, assert Quebec’s leadership in the cur- ship would also open the door to con- proposing to do, is an impossible task. Pierre Paradis was excused from his rent negotiations for Canada’s renewed vincing governments at the provincial, Canada is lagging behind its main com- duties as agriculture minister and dis- Agricultural Policy Framework (APF), territorial and federal levels (the latter petitors when it comes to both support- missed from the cabinet. The premier which will come into effect in 2018. seems to need a little convincing) to ing agriculture and investing in research named Laurent Lessard as his replace- Discussions between the agricultural sec- ensure Canada’s farmers have access to and innovation. We’re acutely aware that ment, at a time when several impor- tor and the federal, provincial and terri- an AgriStability program with at least research and innovation are the keys to a tant issues in Quebec agriculture require torial governments have been under way the same level of protection as it had thriving sector tomorrow. You don’t get immediate attention. for some time now. We have observed prior to 2013. to choose between investing in adapted Mr. Lessard is no neophyte. First that Quebec has been less active in this The discussions taking place at the risk management programs and com- elected in 2003, he has held a number negotiation than it has in the past. No moment are based on the current budget. petitive programs to foster innovation. of positions in different departments— need to remind the reader that the stakes The Canadian Federation of Agriculture, The issues awaiting Mr. Lessard are including agriculture minister from 2007 are sky-high. the Union des producteurs agricoles many, and some require urgent action. to 2009 and from 2010 to 2011. He’s Among Quebec’s priorities is enhanc- (UPA) and several provinces including But setting aside the timelines and the well acquainted with the farming world, ing the various cost-shared risk manage- Quebec are calling for extra investment issues at play, collaboration from the sec- which will make for much smoother com- ment programs, including AgriStability. to support the next APF. Let’s remember tor and the Ministère de l’Agriculture, munication in a context where important The changes made to this program under that the Harper government cut $268 des Pêcheries et de l’Alimentation du decisions must be reached in short order, APF, adopted in 2013, greatly reduced million per year with the framework Québec (MAPAQ) will be required if we especially on the issue of farm prop- its scope. Canadian farmers feel it is no in its current form. The renewal of the want to reach our goals. The UPA offers erty taxes. His experience as minister of longer doing its job as a safety net. agreement in 2018 cannot be predicated the new minister its full cooperation. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 7 QFA News Citizens share dialogue with federal ag minister

Dougal Rattray of Agriculture and Agri-Food). Peter Andrée, president of the Wake" eld QFA Executive Director On the agenda were the following top- Farmers’ Market and associate profes- ics: agri-stability and the importance sor at Carleton University; US trade February 10 saw a group of farm- of ASRA collective programming, led and NAFTA negotiations: dia" ltered ers and agri-food stakeholders meet by John McCart, president of the QFA, milk issues and milk/beef commodi- on Parliament Hill with Minister of and Stephane Alary, president of UPA ties trading, led by Chris Judd, former Agriculture and Agri-Food Lawrence Collines de l’Outaouais; inter-provincial president of the QFA, and Robby Beck, MacAulay to engage in dialogue regard- trade, led by Ivan Hale, president of president of Pontiac Dairy Producers; ing current and forthcoming issues in Community Economic Development and and US trade and NAFTA negotiations: agriculture and food production. Employability Corporation (CEDEC), grain and corn trade—GMO/non-GMO Federal MP Will Amos worked with and Sylvain Bertrand, owner of Ferme market development, led by Chris Judd, the QFA to bring the meeting to frui- Aux Saveurs des Monts; local/regional former president of the QFA, and Ralph tion. Subjects were broad, covering short-chain direct-marketing develop- Lang, president of the Pontiac Grain local, provincial and federal issues. ment, led by Vincent Philibert, direc- Producers. agricultural community acknowledges The meeting was chaired by Will tor general of Table agroalimentaire de Dialogue was cordial and informa- the commitment displayed by Minister Amos, who was assisted by Frédéric l’Outaouais (TAO); agri-tourism devel- tive. Briefs are being circulated to the MacAulay and looks forward to meet- Seppey (Chief Agriculture Negotiator, opment and outreach in the Pontiac Minister’s of" ce, and it is intended to ing with him again on March 23 at the Trade Agreements and Negotiations, riding, led by David Gillespie, chair of request further meetings for follow-up. Breakfast on the Hill event organized by Market and Industry Services Branch, CANAMEX; supporting new entrants Recognition and thanks are extended the Canadian Federation of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture and Agri- to agriculture and the signi" cance of a to the of" ce of Will Amos, Federal MP the Ontario Federation of Agriculture, Food) and Scott Patterson (Regional national food policy, led by Charlotte for the Pontiac riding, for his show of the QFA and the Union des cutivateurs Director for Quebec, Department Scott, co-owner of Ferme Lève-tôt, and support in facilitating this meeting. The franco-ontariens. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Crack-ups

Dead politicians A busload of politicians were driving down a country road when, all of a sudden, the bus ran off the road and crashed into a tree in an old farmer’s field.

The old farmer, after seeing what happened, went over to investigate. He then proceeded to dig a hole and bury the politicians. A few days later, the local sheriff came out, saw the crashed bus and asked the old farmer where all the politicians had gone. The old farmer said he had buried them. The sheriff asked the old farmer, “Were they ALL dead?” The old farmer replied, “Well, some of them said they weren’t, but you know how those politicians lie.”

Banking on it A farmer wanted a loan for $500. He approached his local banker. “What have you got for col- lateral?” queried the banker, going strictly by the book. “Don’t know what collateral means.” “Well, that’s something of value that would cover the cost of the loan. Have you got any vehicles?” “Yes, I have a 1979 pickup.” The banker shook his head. “How about livestock?” “Yes, I have a horse.” “How old is it?” “I don’t know; it has no teeth.” Finally, the banker decided to make the $500 loan. Several weeks later the man was back in the bank. He pulled out a roll of bills. “Here’s the money to pay the loan,” he said, handing over the entire amount, including interest. “What are you going to do with the rest of that money?” “Put it in my pocket.” “Why don’t you deposit it in my bank?” “I don’t know what deposit means.” “Well, you put the money in our bank and we take care of it for you. When you want to use it you can withdraw it.” The man leaned across the desk, look- ing suspiciously at the banker, and asked, “What you got for collateral?” Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 9 QFA Annual General Meeting Young Ormstown farmer hopeful for maple and greenhouse production

Three aspiring farmers were awarded Warren Grapes Scholarships at the QFA’s AGM this year. As part of the awards ceremony, the QFA invited each student up to the podium to say a few words. In our past two issues, we introduced you to Mitchell Bazinet and Claudia Meganck and reproduced the speeches these young farmers gave at the AGM. This issue, we’re printing the speech delivered by award winner Gregory Bohemen, in which this Farm Management and Technology student speaks of his hopes for the maple industry, greenhouse production and Canadian agriculture in general.

Good morning, fellow students, teach- ef! ciency and quality of life. A couple of catching up to do with our Ontario ANDREW MCCLELLAND Warren Grapes award winner Gregory ers and agricultural enthusiasts. of examples of these advancements are neighbours and even more in compari- Bohemen receives his scholarship from QFA My name is Gregory Bohemen. I’m 23 conservation tillage and cover crops son with Europe. President John McCart. years old and I’m a third-year student of to reduce soil compaction and erosion, Furthermore, the increase in popula- the Farm Management and Technology and, in the dairy industry, tie-stall facil- tion combined with the increase in land program at McGill. I was raised on a ities upgrading to free-stalls to reduce price makes it ever more bene! cial for dairy farm in Ormstown, Quebec, and, injuries and lameness. us to maximize ef! ciency and pro! tabil- along with my three siblings, I repre- That being said, it’s also our duty to ity per hectare. To do this, we all need sent the third generation on the farm. practice sustainable agriculture to limit to think “outside the box” to diversify I feel very fortunate to have the the footprint we leave on our precious and add value to our enterprises. opportunity to share a few words with land. In doing so, we will ensure it Like I said, I’m very hopeful about you about my perspective on the direc- remains healthy and ready to pass on to Canadian agriculture since I know that tion modern agriculture is taking. I feel many generations to come, which is the we, the next generation of farmers, very hopeful about the future. We’re ultimate goal. will ! nd a way to adapt to consumers’ at a turning point in time when lots of One industry that’s highly under-rat- demands while implementing sustain- progress and technological advance- ed, in my opinion, is the maple indus- able practices. ments will be made in the years to try. Quebec is responsible for 70 per Before ending, I’d like to take a come. As you’re all aware, agriculture is cent of its global production, and we moment to sincerely thank all the gen- an industry that relies heavily on what should be proud of that. erous people from the QFA. This bur- the generations before us accomplished. Perhaps the industry showing the sary is well appreciated and will be well

Recently, the availability of technol- greatest potential in the next quarter- invested. CAITLIN MACDOUGALL Bohemen believes that Quebec has a long way ogy has introduced us to new tools and century is the greenhouse industry to go to catch up with Europe regarding green- opportunities that allow us to improve because, to be honest, we have a lot Thank you. house production.

RECOGNIZING WARREN GRAPES AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION FUND DONORS Every year the QFA receives donations from members and non-members who see merit in supporting agricultural education through the QFA’s Warren Grapes Agricultural Education Fund. This fund, created in the name of one of our long-standing community leaders, has seen a rise in donations over the course of the last few years, and 2016 was no exception. This year we are very happy to announce that we will have close to $2,000 to disperse at our AGM, which will be held this year on Friday, November 17. In recognition of this kindness and support, we wish to thank all donors for their contributions • QFA Bulwer Branch C/O • Grace United Church Cemetery • Gordon Lang Theda Lowry Board C/O Austin Bailey • Joyce Alexander • Wendall Conner • Douglas Brown • Caroline Begg • Doreen Tryon • Gregory Elliot

QFA Board Member Mark Boyd presents Macdonald Campus Tax receipts will be issued in due course. student Amelie Sarrasin with her scholarship from the Warren WARREN GRAPES FUND Grapes Fund at the QFA’s 2014 annual general meeting. c/o Quebec Farmers’ Association, 555 boul. Roland-Therrien, Office 255, Longueuil, QC J4H 4E7. 10 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Organic Organic representation and development: From talk to action

In our ght against genetically modi- agricole du Québec (FADQ), resulting in Other groups, such as maple produc- Gérard Bouchard ed (GM) alfalfa, which threatens our the recent announcement that crop insur- ers and producers of fruits and veg- President, Fédération d’agriculture value-added animal and forage produc- ance reference prices will be increased etables for processing, have put the biologique du Québec tions, the UPA and Les Producteurs by 50 per cent for all organic grain in development of organic production de lait du Québec (PLQ) have provid- 2017. In comparison, this increase was among their priorities, and are work- ed strong support in ensuring that our only 20 per cent for the 2016 season. ing to bring together organic producers At its last general assembly in February voices are heard at the federal level, in Uni ed action leads governments to take to pursue common goals. It is only by 2014, the Fédération d’agriculture partnership with other Canadian farm- into account our market realities when working collaboratively and strategi- biologique du Québec (FABQ) suspend- ers’ groups. For their part, the Saguenay developing support programs. cally that organic agriculture will con- ed its activities in order to collaborate in – Lac Saint-Jean and Bas Saint-Laurent In dairy production, the Syndicat tinue to  ourish in “la belle province.” assembling the Table de développement federations have adopted motions ask- des producteurs de lait biologique du Increasing our share of niche markets de la production biologique (TDPB), ing seed distributors to commit to not Québec (SPLBQ), the PLQ and other will strengthen our rural communities with the support from the Union des pro- selling GM alfalfa seed, and encouraging stakeholders (processors and distribu- and create greater social cohesion. This ducteurs agricoles (UPA). Restructuring producers not to sow it. This demon- tors) have recently adopted a strategic calls for producers to get involved. In our representation within the Union strates the vital role that our regions play development plan for 2017-2024, work- your commitment to the QFA, you par- entailed that all af liated groups invest in our Union’s action. ing towards increases in production and take in the evolution of the entire agri- in developing organic production within The Producteurs de grains du Québec further market development. We can cultural landscape. All af liated groups each sector, each region and in each com- (PGQ) and the Syndicat des producteurs de ne this as a specialized value-chain of the UPA need organic producers to munity. More than two years since the de grains biologiques du Québec (SPGQ) approach. We foresee that other sectors make their needs known within the establishment of the TDPB, here is a look have undertaken collaborative efforts to will see advantages to adopting this Union, in order to grow their businesses at the current state of affairs. present our demands to the Financière approach. and their livelihoods.

The Quebec Organic Production Roundtable (Table de développement de la production biologique) represents the organic farming sector’s interests and seeks to better meet farmers’ needs through creating more synergy among the different commodity and regional groups within the UPA. It strives towards the ef cient use of available resources in order to give the organic sector better development and coaching tools.

QFA Bulwer Branch offers Bursary The Bulwer Branch of the Quebec Farmers’ Association is offering a bursary to students currently enrolled in post-secondary education in agriculture or related elds living in the area served by AJOUT Bulwer Branch (in or around PHANEUF Sawyerville and Cookshire), 75x2 Quebec Farmers’ Association. To be considered, interested applicants can send their names with details of current studies and a few sentences about their future aspirations to: Mrs. Theda Lowry, 30 High Forest, Sawyerville, Quebec, J0B 3A0. Applications should be received by no later than March 17, 2017. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 11 Grains Grains sector holds knowledge transfer symposium

On January 24, the Producteurs de grains of their research on the principles and and specialized syndicates, which will tion is crucial to the success of our work du Québec (PGQ) held a symposium in methods of knowledge transfer. take place in February and March. These and helps ensure that our initiatives Drummondville on knowledge transfer The day’s proceedings yielded a num- meetings are intended not only to give improve the business environment for in the grain sector. The event brought ber of # ndings. Generally speaking, it an update on the progress made in 2016, the grain sector. Please visit www.pgq. together a variety of actors involved in seems that there is better transfer and but also to provide a platform for dis- ca to # nd out the date of your regional grain research, advisory services and greater uptake of knowledge in the grain cussing the issues that will be important syndicate AGM. production. Attendees had an opportu- sector if two conditions are met: research in the coming months. Your participa- Enjoy the meetings! nity to re" ect on how best to optimize meets the speci# c needs of users, and the dissemination and uptake of scien- producers play an active role in giving ti# c knowledge about grain production. direction to research activities. Two speakers at the symposium, A report summarizing the main take- Michel Trépanier, a professor at the aways of the day’s activities will be Institut national de la recherche scien- published in the weeks following the The February USDA supply and ti# que (INRS) and the University of symposium. demand report Québec at Trois-Rivières (UQTR), and Gisèle Bertrand, a communications and knowledge mobilization advisor at the 2017 AGM Quebec Reference Centre for Agriculture The PGQ is pleased to invite you to and Agri-Food (CRAAQ), played a front- attend its Annual General Meeting and-centre role in presenting the results (AGM) and the AGMs of your regional ARCHIVES/TCN

At # rst glance, the US supply and demand dispositions are basically unchanged for corn and soybeans, with the exception of a 25 million bu (Mbu) increase in corn use for ethanol production. The market was expecting higher US corn and soybean 2016-17 export forecasts as sales commitments through January are signi# cantly higher than a year ago. But the USDA left the estimates unchanged as competition from expected record South American exports will limit US ship- ARCHIVES/TCN Generally speaking, it seems that there is better transfer and greater uptake of knowledge in the ments over the remainder of the year. On the other hand, US wheat exports were grain sector if two conditions are met: research meets the speci! c needs of users, and producers raised by 50 Mbu, resulting in a 4 per cent decrease in 2017 US wheat stocks. play an active role in giving direction to research activities. Midpoint grain price forecasts are unchanged from last month for corn (US$3,40/bu FOB farm) and soybeans (US$9.50/bu), and are up by 5 ¢ for wheat The Producteurs de grains du Québec (PGQ) repre- at US$3.85/bu. sent the interests of about 11,000 Quebec grain farm- The international grain outlook is improved from January. Although they are ers. In addition to liaising with farmers, the PGQ still higher than the 2016 levels, world 2017 stocks have been revised lower for engages in monitoring, analysis, collaboration and the three major grains. Stocks are forecast at 248.6 million tons (MT) of wheat communication with industry and government. The (-4.7 MT), 217.6 MT of corn (-3.4 MT) and 80.4 MT of soybeans (-1.9 MT). PGQ is responsible for acting on various economic Over the next few weeks, the USDA will hold its annual Agricultural Outlook and political levels, speci! cally in the following domains: market informa- Forum that will provide the # rst 2017-18 forecasts, and the size of the South tion, commerce and market development, research, technology transfer and American soybean crops will be known. Then the market will wait for the March consulting, ! nancial protection, and risk management. 31 US seeding intentions that will set the table for the spring. 12 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Young Farmers Young farmers: Jackie Lamb and Shawn McNamee

Shaina Hayes Columnist

Jackie Lamb (30) and Shawn McNamee (29) got their start in organic sheep farming in 2011. The couple began their operation alongside Lamb’s fam- ily’s existing grain-fed veal production in Godmanchester, Quebec. Together, Jackie, Shawn, Carolyn and David (Jackie’s parents) began convert- ing much of the farm’s infrastructure to sheep production, and they began installing fencing that would facilitate their now-impressive rotational grazing system. Today, the farm is host to 230 organic Rideau-Arcott ewes averaging 2.3 lambs to market, and still maintains a dozen head of organic beef cattle. The family raises organic corn, soy, barley, hay and pasture for cash crops and their own livestock feed, and also partners with an organic " our mill, Valgrain. When asked about the main chal- lenges they were faced with during the farm’s infancy, Lamb and McNamee CAROLINE BEGG CAROLINE point to the veal-lamb transition. “In our Jackie Lamb displays her farm’s rotational fencing system to a group of Macdonald Campus students. experience, veal production is all about weight gain and health maintenance, sion. It is clear in the way that these When asked about how they feel and BASF have some great products and while we feel that lamb production is young farmers approach their farm and Canadian agriculture has changed for their R&D sector is amazing. However, dealing with births and udders. Weight the resources they depend on that their our generation, increases in technolo- I hope that small-scale and organic agri- gain and feed conversion are also very respective educations have helped them gy and paperwork take precedence for culture can continue to grow and in" u- important [in lamb production], but the strive for an ecologically responsible this couple. “With the internet avail- ence the way farming can be done.” # rst two days of a lamb’s life will most production system. This is apparent in able 24/7, information about markets, A # nal feature of these ambitious likely determine the health and growth the fact that the farm adheres to organic machinery prices, seeding rates, global young farmers is their desire and for the next year.” This meant that regulations, but also in its use of the weather and animal health is only a click willingness to share their knowledge lambing season would require a kind and the inner workings of their busi- of diligence and attention that the two ness with those interested in agricul- had not quite anticipated. The recent A final feature of these ambitious young farmers is their desire and ture. The couple often gives tours to sudden loss of Lamb’s father, David, a willingness to share their knowledge and the inner workings of their groups of students from various agri- key partner in the business, was also a business with those interested in agriculture. cultural classes at Macdonald Campus, major challenge for these farmers. This teaching them about the ins and outs of said, Jackie, Shawn and Carolyn have organic sheep production. Having been persevered and are now beginning to rotational grazing system. This practice away. This all helps with decision mak- a student in a handful of these tours, I grow the farm. In the last two years, of regularly moving the sheep through a ing and hopefully farm viability.” While can speak to the devotion and patience they have purchased 50 additional acres highly organized system of temporarily they acknowledge the bene# t of many of that these two farmers exude, as well of pasture and 30 of tillable land (bring- sectioned-off pastures not only main- the regulations and ministries that they as the thoughtfulness that goes into all ing them to a total of 300 acres), and tains soil and pasture health by prevent- deal with, like most farmers today, Jackie that they do. Jackie and Shawn’s advice also hope to increase to 300 ewes in the ing under and over-grazing, but can be and Shawn cannot help but lament the to new farmers is this: “Talk to a # scal- coming years. an effective tool in minimizing livestock volume of paperwork that comes with ist, notary and your FADQ liaison. We Shawn graduated from McGill with pests and parasites that can take refuge it! They also state, “We see the availabil- found these people to be very helpful a B.Sc. in Environmental Biology, in the pastures. Creating speci# c time ity and viability of different crops in our and honest. If they feel your plans will and Jackie has a DEP in Wildlife intervals between full rotations allows area due to plant breeding and global not work, they will let you know! No Management and studied Agricultural the sheep to avoid these parasites at climate change as a major game changer rose-coloured glasses in those of# ces.” Sciences with a specialization in certain stages in their lifecycles, and it as compared to two generations ago The majority of the lambs produced Ecological Agriculture. Lamb points to also allows the pasture to grow back to when the crop rotation was much differ- at Jackie, Shawn and Carolyn’s farm her love of country living and the farm- an ideal height before being re-grazed, ent than it is today.” In looking towards are available through Les Fermes ing lifestyle as having drawn her back ultimately minimizing the need for the future of agriculture, the two antici- Valens. For more information, you can to the farm, and Shawn’s love of the anthelmintics (parasiticides) and syn- pate and hope for innovation from both visit their website: www.fermesvalens. outdoors played a big role in his deci- thetic crop inputs. larger and smaller players. “Monsanto com. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 13 The Tree Doctor Using trees effectively for buffer zones

competition, as shade remains a prob- performs poorly when planted directly still produce income while allowing Leilak Anderson lem for nearby crops. alongside trees, but soybeans seemed the trees to provide all the protection Certified Arborist Following extensive research, sci- unaffected. The buffer zone did depend bene" ts for soil and main crop yields, Advocate Arboriculture Columnist entists at the University of Missouri on the height of the trees, so for 20-foot especially if acreage space is an issue. have found that creating a buffer zone high canopies, researchers suggest a between trees and prized crops is the buffer of 6 to 9 feet wide of hardy veg- Leilak is the 2016 North American tree- most effective way to maximize the etation between the main crop. Ideally, climbing champion, and proudly represents Why do farmers often wear suspend- bene" ts of tree belts. For instance, corn farmers can plant a buffer crop that can Quebec in the international arborist scene. ers? Because they forget about their tree Leilak runs a tree-care company in the belts! Outaouais and National Capital Region. Trees and farmers have a dynamic Researchers have been experimenting with tree buffers in order to gain When he’s not climbing trees, he’s a vol- relationship, whether it’s working from maximum benefits while maintaining precious crop yields. unteer ! re! ghter. You can read more of his virgin land that must be cleared for articles at www.leilak.info " elds, to fully developed and function- ing farms that work with and around woody plants. When strategically planted or left standing in belts along contours perpendicular to prevailing winds, tree canopies are natural wind breaks that protect soil from erosion, moderate soil temperature and relative humidity, and improve snow distribu- tion, while the roots work to maintain soil integrity and absorb pollutants and runoff. On the # ip side, trees negatively affect crop yields. Tall canopies win competi- tion for sunlight and cast shade, while wide and deep root systems win water wars with surrounding vegetation. Researchers have been experimenting with tree buffers in order to gain maxi- mum bene" ts while maintaining pre- XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

PHOTOS: ANDERSON LEILAK PHOTOS: This vegetable farmer has planted a row of cious crop yields. Tree root pruning has Tree belts help above and below ground: canopies provide natural wind breaks while roots small cedars that may take a while to grow, but been effective only with underground maintain soil integrity and absorb pollutants. will create a great barrier in the future. 14 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017

elebrat C in g 60 YEARS

QFA celebrates 60 years Q u 1 e 9 b 5 QFA is celebrating its diamond anniversary this year, and e 7 7 c -201 n F o a i we have a wealth of old photos sitting in the vault. Not wishing these r at me oci to remain unseen, every month of our jubilee we will be publishing a rs’ Ass collage of bygone days. To encourage our sense of community, every month we are offering readers one free membership every month for the best story that tells us about one of the images. Stories will be entered into a draw “Erskine McClintock cutting hay.” to receive a free membership and the story will be published in We have no record of the date, but it certainly looks like a great cropping year. forthcoming issues of the Advocate. To share your story and be entered into the draw, please contact us: [email protected] or 450-679-0540 Ext. 8536

FromFr the vault. The only nonote we have on the back of thisth image is “Gord Hardy of ‘Voice of the Farmer’.” It looks like a trial or an ininterview. We are not sure ababout the where or when, bbut thought it might jog We have no information about this photo on ! le, but felt it was sosome memories amongst such a great shot we would include it this month anyway. mmembers.

Here’s a great shot from 1982 showing Doug Grif! th, and Angus and Helen This photo from 1997 shows a couple of young lads messing around at one of the local Mackinnon at a ‘Pre-Riggery’ BBQ at the Mackinnon Farm. Eastern Township fairs – Andrew Carigan-Jackson (then aged 4) from Greenwood, Nova Scotia, and Christopher Soles (then aged 6) from West Brome. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 15 Farm Food Forums Highway regulations and farm machinery on the road

Dougal Rattray cent of heavy vehicle accidents and also cause a signi! - cant loss of productivity in the transportation industry. There was a strong turnout on February 2 for the Most of those defects could have been detected during Forum on highway regulations and farm machinery on a proper inspection of the vehicle before it was used. the road. Final numbers are still coming in, but indica- Before getting behind the wheel, drivers must make tions suggest that there were over 60 farmers in atten- sure that a circle check of their vehicle was completed dance. Highway of! cers from Contrôle routier Québec, within the previous 24 hours. Either the driver or a Marc Côté and Mario Sekinger, came armed with an person designated by the operator must perform the array of various codes, guides and regulations, as well vehicle inspection in order to ensure that it complies as their own personal experiences and knowledge. with the standards. They gave an extremely informative talk. Questions were tabled and attention was drawn to recently intro- The purpose of the circle check is to ensure that: duced regulations. • the principle components of the vehicle are in good The new “circle check,” which targets heavy vehi- condition; cles, came into effect November 20, 2016. Defects • the vehicle’s owner and operator are informed of related mainly to brakes, tires, wheels and coupling the repairs to be made; and • Road vehicles, whether they are independent, devices are a determining factor in more than 10 per • no vehicles with major defects are operated on pub- trailed or not, must not exceed 19 metres measuring lic roads and highways. bumper to bumper. The ultimate objective is to improve safety for all road users. The message received from Côté and Sekinger was to familiarize yourself with the various regulations. If Other information drawn from the evening’s presen- highway of! cers are treated with polite respect, this tation include: attitude will be reciprocated in most cases. • Tractor drivers and farm machinery operators must Clearly, the information regarding farm vehicles and Circle Check Guide carry their driver’s license at all times when operat- machinery on the road is exhaustive. If you wish to ing a tractor or farm vehicle on the road. learn more about the new regulations or farm machin- • All tractor trailers must have secure and legible ery on the road, please visit the following websites: plates. https://saaq.gouv.qc.ca/en/transportation-goods/ • Trailers over 900kg must have a legal serial number. heavy-vehicles/mechanical-inspection-and-mainte- • Tire capacity on trucks and trailers determine nance/safety-standards-road-vehicles/circle-check/ weight restrictions. • Trailer chains must be able to keep the trailer on the https://saaq.gouv.qc.ca/en/saaq/documents/pub- same trajectory as if it were trailed. lications/sujet-document/279/

Mission To defend the rights, provide information and Quebec Farmers’ Association Membership Application advocate for the English-speaking agricultural Last Name ...... community in Quebec. First Name ......

Vision Address ...... The QFA’s actions contribute to a sustainable future for both agriculture and the environment while providing a decent quality of life and financial return for the individuals and their families who have made agriculture Phone ...... and food production their chosen professions. Shared Values Fax ...... Members of the QFA believe in: E-mail ...... Maintaining family-owned and operated farms / Food sovereignty and self-determination by individuals and nations / Intergenerational involvement / Lifelong learning / Protection of the physical environment / Price Membership Includes Preserving land for agricultural production / Minimum government interference / Working alone and Agricultural or forestry producer, rural resident or • a one year subscription to the Quebec Farmers’ Advocate in partnership with others retired farmer: • discounts on QFA sponsored events and services

1 year $68.99 ($60 + $3 GST (5%) + $5.99 TVQ (9.975%)) • free advertising in the Advocate’s classified ads Board Members 2 years $137.97 ($120 + $6 GST (5%) + $11.97 TVQ (9.975%)) • voting privileges at the QFA Annual General Mark Boyd, Wakefield / Ken Brooks, Executive Member, Franklin / Andrew Hickey, Shawville / Meeting My cheque is enclosed, payable Wendall Conner, Executive Member, Canton de Hatley / Roy Copeland, Lachute / Quebec Farmers’ Association Phil Lavoie, agronome, Lachute / Gib Drury, vice-president Executive Member, Alcove / to “Quebec Farmers’ Association” 555 boul. Roland Therrien, office 255 Chris Judd, Past President, Shawville / Patricia Keenan, Brompton / Walter Last, Poltimore / GST No. 107 867 814 RT 001 QST No. 100 611 322 9 TQ 001 Longueuil, Quebec J4H 4E7 John McCart, President, Grenville-sur-la-Rouge / Ben Nichols, Compton / Armin Ruf, Executive Member, Receipts are issued upon request. Memberships are valid for 12 months Stanstead / Andrew Simms, Shawville / Matthew Burns, Quebec 4-H representative Signature ...... from month of purchase. 16 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Separating sense and non-sense O Sleep! O Gentle Sleep

Editorial note: With the torrent of information now ! ooding popular media channels and the turbulence in contempo- rary traditional media, sometimes it can be hard to discern fact from so-called “alternative facts.” In an effort to provide science-based, balanced content that values a healthy public discourse, the Advocate is publishing extracts from scientist and educator Dr. Joe Schwarcz. We hope you enjoy this thought-provoking read. Dr. Joe Schwarcz Scientist and author as one of the world’s leading authori- ulated by light. But with darkness, con- sleep-enhancer was born. It hit the market ties on chemical activity in the cen- version of serotonin to melatonin begins after a double-blind placebo-controlled tral nervous system. It was Wurtman and drowsiness sets in. The formula for clinical trial showed that subjects with “O sleep! O gentle sleep! who demonstrated that levels of the sleep would then appear to be coupling sleep problems were able to reduce the Nature’s soft nurse, how have neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain darkness with a source of tryptophan time spent awake during the night. I frightened thee, respond to dietary manipulation. This and a carbohydrate that stimulates quick And if Zenbev doesn’t lull you to That thou no more wilt weigh is important because higher serotonin insulin release. sleep, you can indulge in a cup of decaf- my eyelids down levels have been linked with anti-anxiety Wurtman’s research prompted feinated Counting Sheep Coffee. It con- And steep my senses in forgetfulness?” effects, appetite suppression and sleep Canadian psychiatrist Dr. Craig Hudson tains valerian root extract, which does enhancement. to investigate the possibility of a com- have a history of use as a sedative. As Henry IV, Part II is not one of the Serotonin is formed inside cells from mercial product designed to increase far as this coffee goes, however, we just Bard’s most memorable plays. I think it the amino acid tryptophan, a compo- melatonin levels. He knew that mela- have to take the marketer’s word for once lulled me to sleep. But these lines nent of most dietary proteins. When tonin supplements were available, but its sleep-inducing effect. That, though, speak of insomnia, a common problem tryptophan-containing food is coupled evidence indicated that when taken in a coupled with an appearance on tele- that begs for a solution. There is no with a source of carbohydrates, levels of pill form, the hormone has a short half- vision’s Dragon’s Den, seems to have shortage of advice. Count sheep. Drink tryptophan in the brain, and consequent- life. Hudson’s idea was to try to induce been enough to perk up sales. And that warm milk. Feast on turkey. Take mela- ly serotonin, will rise. However, while a normal sleeping pattern with a more should make the investors in Counting tonin pills. Mix up a drink from a spe- serotonin may have a calming effect, it continuous release of melatonin. First, he Sheep Coffee sleep better. cial powdered blend of pumpkin seeds doesn’t actually induce sleep. needed a good source of tryptophan and and dextrose. Relax on a Polar Power But the hormone melatonin does! And found it in pumpkin seeds. He then mixed Award-winning chemist Dr. Joe Schwarcz Mega-Field Slumber Pad designed by it is made in the brain’s pineal gland the powdered seeds with glucose, the is famous for debunking many of the myths Dr. William Philpott, whose last name from serotonin. This reaction, however, archetypical insulin releaser. A bit of natu- about science and is director of McGill rhymes with a term that can be used to is inef! cient as long as the eyes are stim- ral lemon or chocolate # avor, and Zenbev University’s Of" ce for Science and Society. describe his ideas about treating disease. Virtually all diseases, Philpott main- tained before he left us, could be man- aged or reversed with magnet therapy. Of course you had to have the right type of magnet. Only those that were capable of producing a “negative mag- netic ! eld” were therapeutic since “only these can promote an oxygen-alkaline rich environment within the body.” That environment doesn’t come cheap. Philpott’s miraculous pads are still being sold for hundreds of dollars. But instead of focusing on the claptrap of negative magnetic ! elds, let’s look at something that may actually have a positive effect. Like that mixture of pumpkin seed pow- der and dextrose. First we need to do a little travelling back in time to the 1970s and the lab of MIT neuroscience professor Richard Wurtman. Unlike Philpott’s random ramblings, Dr. Wurtman’s research is backed by hundreds of peer-reviewed

publications that have established him PIXABAY

Quebec Farmers’ Advocate Editor-in-Chief Dougal Rattray / [email protected] Managing Editor Andrew McClelland / [email protected] Production Manager La Terre de chez nous Published to benefit the English-speaking Sales Director Pierre Leroux / [email protected] / 450 679-8483 ext. 7290 Sales Representatives Daniel Lamoureux (National Sales Representative) / Sylvain Joubert / Marc Mancini agricultural and rural community in Quebec Vol. 37, No. 2: 2017 QFA memberships, which include a free subscription to the Advocate, are $68.99 ($60 + $3 GST + $5.99 QST) for one year OR $137.97 ($120 + $6 GST + $11.97 QST) for two years. All contents copyright and may not be reprinted or translated Send cheques to: The Quebec Farmers’ Association / 555 Roland-Therrien, office 255, Longueuil, QC J4H 4E7 / Phone: 450 679-0540, ext. 8536 / Fax: 450 463-5291 without permission. Published in Quebec by The Quebec E-mail: [email protected] / www.quebecfarmers.org Farmers’ Association. Legal deposit: National Library of Canada. Dépôt légal: Bibliothèque nationale du Québec. ISSN#0714-9518 Publication Mail No: 40033773

THE QUEBEC FARMERS’ ASSOCIATION GRATEFULLY ACKNOWLEDGES CMCA THE SUPPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CANADIAN HERITAGE AUDITED IN THE PUBLICATION OF THIS PAPER. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 17 Membership Are you a QFA member?

Files show that there are around 1,500 English-speaking farmers paying their dues to the UPA. ALL 1,500 receive the Advocate. There are around 450 members of QFA who contribute to the organization which helps to produce and deliver the Advocate and support other services. If you do not currently contribute to the QFA, please consider becoming a member. A little goes a long way. Below is a list of new and recently returning supporters. We thank you for making a difference.

Ronald Angus Raymond and Marilyn Heyerhoff Thomas and Barbara Bruce Weir Kevin and Karen Bates Dubois Harvey Kelly Steiner Eddie Whitcher Philip Boersen Kelvin Egan Phil Lavoie William Stewart John Wilson and Connie Bevin Boyd David Gibson Brent Mee Erwin Struder McClintock Dan Brown Jean Gilbert Calvin Morrow Ron and Ruth Stru Rick Younge William Brus Norman Graham Brent Peddie William Van Tassel Lyne and Reginald Marilyn Harland David and Stephanie Annemarie and Ken Burrows Karl Herzog Reford Tolhurst, Tolhurst Farms George and Rozlyn Clark Margot and Peter Janet and Frank Re y Robert Warrington

TOGETHER WE SUSTAIN QUEBEC’S ENGLISH-SPEAKING RURAL COMMUNITY. QFA IS RECRUITING SUMMER STUDENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY

POSITION: Memberships POSITION: Summer Journalist and Events Assistant Duration: 15 weeks Duration: 15 weeks Wage: $12 per hour, 30 hours per week Wage: $12 per hour, 30 hours per week Start and End Dates: May 8 - August 25, 2017, with " rst week of July off Start and End Dates: May 8 - August 25, 2017, with " rst week of July off Deadline for Applications: Friday, March 31, 2017 Deadline for Applications: Friday, March 31, 2017 Applicants must be eligible for Service Canada’s Canada Summer Jobs program. Applicants must be eligible for Service Canada’s Canada Summer Jobs program. Self-motivated, discrete, respectful and con" dent, candidates will possess strong Self-motivated, discrete, enthusiastic and con" dent, candidates must be intuitive interpersonal skills on the phone and be able to gain the trust of interviewees communicators with pleasant, respectful and polite manners, have Microsoft remotely. You will display a talent for writing and have a polite, professional Of" ce experience and have positive, professional attitudes. manner. A background in agriculture or familiarity with the rural linguistic minority community is an asset. Demonstrating strong communication abilities, the successful applicant will be a team player, but also have the aptitude for working on his/her own. Capacity You will be a team player, but also have the aptitude for working on your own. in English and French language is sought. Ideally, you will work from the QFA Capacity in English and French language is sought. There is # exibility in your work- of" ce in the Maison UPA in Longueuil. ing location. You will need high-speed internet access and your own computer. The Membership and Events Assistant will have three principal duties: The Quebec Farmers’ Advocate is an award-winning newspaper that has been in cir- • Help design, conduct and analyze questionnaire phone surveys with QFA’s culation for over 35 years. We work closely with other English-language communi- constituency and report on " ndings. ty publications and the French-language weekly La Terre de chez nous. This position is an ideal way to gain experience in community reporting and agricultural news. • Collaborate with QFA’s executive director and team to produce promo- tional and resource materials for its videoconferencing Forum program, The summer journalist will have four principal duties: identifying partners and building target groups. • Research and interview agricultural producers by phone and write pro" le • Collaborate with QFA’s executive director and team to plan and support articles on their history, life, family and farm business. QFA’s Information Day/Annual General Meeting and other events. • Write informative feature pro" le articles on other linguistic minority and Please send a CV with covering letter demonstrating how and why you would community groups. be a good candidate for this position. • Research, interview and write stories on local and regional supply-chain businesses within Quebec. Write QFA Summer Employment – Memberships and Events Assistant in the sub- • Gather photos and other visual aids to illustrate articles for publication. ject line. [email protected] Please send a CV with covering letter demonstrating how and why you would be a good candidate for this position. For further enquiry please call: 450- 679-0540 Ext. 8536 Write QFA Summer Employment – Summer Journalist in the subject line. [email protected] For further enquiry please call: 450-679-0540 Ext. 8536 18 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017

Flurry of events kick off winter semester

Caitlin MacDougall sheep, miniature horses, reign- Judging results Liaison Officer, ing saddles, footprint identi- Results from the day were Farm Management and ! cation, an agricultural quiz, quickly tabulated, and ribbons, Technology Program maple syrup, paintings, wine certi! cates and trophies were labels, apples, high-moisture presented at the awards ban- Woodsmen teams compete corn, herb identi! cation, and quet. For the crops division team at Mac artisanal cutting boards. Six of winners, Axes n’ Horses placed Macdonald Campus was the classes required members ! rst, followed closely by Don’t a hub of activity and open to to also provide their reasons Ju dge Me I’m Drunk (DJMID). visitors almost continuous- for their placings by present- The Livestock division team ly for the period between the ing their arguments in front of winners were Dal 2, followed by end of January and the begin- a judge, for additional points. teams from Guelph and Laval ning of February. The 57th Each class is timed, with only universities. Four of McGill’s Annual Macdonald Campus 12 minutes to judge before judging teams placed in the Woodsmen Competition was moving on to the next class. top 10 overall – Ketsia and the LAURA JOHNSTON LAURA held on campus on Saturday, For the top individual judges, McGill’s Joséanne Naud (centre) came second While some classes, like dairy Single Ladies (10), Les Mauvais January 28, with about 125 overall. Christian Molgat, course lecturer, presented the awards. cows or sheep, are more com- Herbes (8), Axes n’ Horses (4) competitors, including visitors mon, the essential lessons of and Don’t Judge Me I’m Drunk from Dalhousie University (NS), the farm. Macdonald was one tants hailed from Dalhousie judging can be applied to any (2), with only 34 points separat- University of New Brunswick of nine farms that opened its University (NS), the University subject, whether it is paintings, ing the second and ! rst place (NB), Fleming College and doors for the event. Always the of Guelph (ON), and from wine labels or cutting boards. teams. Dal 2 went home with Algonquin College (ON), and gracious host, the farm offered Université Laval in Quebec Participants evaluate each of top honours and their name on Dartmouth College in Maine. A attendees a free lunch consisting City. the four items in a class with the Macdonald Judging Club total of 21 teams participated in of a delicious chili made from This event is coordinated by a critical eye, deciding which Trophy. the competition, with one jack ground beef raised on the farm the Macdonald Livestock and items deserve to be placed at For individual points, three and jill (mixed), two men’s and and cooked by McGill’s exec- Judging Club, which receives the top and bottom of the class, Mac students and one alum- two women’s teams for McGill. utive chef for Food & Dining sponsorships and assistance based on selection criteria or nus also placed in the top 10 Hundreds of spectators watched Services, Oliver de Volpi. from faculty groups and indus- true type descriptions. – Bobby Tolhurst (10), Ketsia as students threw axes, chopped try partners. Students organize The skills learned through Croteau (7), Andrew Boersen (4) and sawed logs, climbed poles Mac Judging Competition this event, with support from judging can then be applied and Joséanne Naud (2). Naud and raced on snowshoes. These The following day, Saturday, teaching and administrative in real life situations – when was only 10 points behind the athletes compete in a variety of February 4, was the annu- staff in the faculty and at the deciding which steaks or veg- Dalhousie University student individual, pair, and team events, al Macdonald Campus Mac Farm. etables to buy when grocery who came ! rst overall. with a total of 14 events to com- Intercollegiate Judging 4-H Clubs from Shawville, shopping, or selecting the next The next competitions stu- plete per team. Congratulations Competition, which saw 80 Richmond and Hatley were herd sire. Public speaking skills dents in the Mac Judging Club go out to the McGill A wom- competitors from universi- represented in their category. are also highly transferable and will attend are those hosted en’s team, which solidi! ed its ties and 4-H clubs converge There were 14 classes to highly valued in the workplace. by Dalhousie University in #1 ranking in the Canadian on campus. Twenty teams par- judge, divided into the Crops If you can clearly and con! - Truro, NS, and the University Intercollegiate Lumberjacking ticipated, which was the same and Animal sections. These dently justify your reasons, you of Guelph in Guelph, ON, both Association (CILA), with anoth- as in 2016. Collegial contes- included: dairy cows, turkeys, are a valuable employee. in March. er strong win at the Macdonald competition. The men’s A team placed ! fth in the competition.

Open house at Mac Farm The days leading up to Friday, February 3, were frenetic at the Macdonald Campus Farm, as staff and volunteers cleaned and clipped cows and prepared the facilities to welcome visi- tors during the Holstein Quebec Congress, which was hosted this year by the Montreal-Vaudreuil- Soulanges Holstein Club. During the day of February 3, hundreds of Holstein enthu- siasts and students toured the MACDOUGALL CAITLIN

CAITLIN MACDOUGALL CAITLIN Eighty participants competed in this year’s Judging Competition, which saw dairy facilities and learned The McGill B women’s team was one of 21 teams that competed in the university and 4-H teams judge 14 classes in animal and crop divisions on about ongoing dairy research at Macdonald Woodsmen Competition on Saturday, January 28, 2017. February 4, 2017. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 19 VALACTA – Dairy Production Centre of Expertise Four producers, four views on replacement animals

Mario Séguin, Dairy Production Expert – Milk Recording tion, at about 30 days in milk. with good indexes for fertility, Q: Culling has a signi# cant and Data Management They have to have calved at health and lifetime. Heifers are effect on the net cost of a Déborah Santschi , Ph.D., Agr., Nutrition and Management Expert. 25 months or younger, and they serviced with sexed semen, and new cow. Can you explain Valacta’s Research and Development Team. must have conceived at $ rst ser- we use a maximum of 10 sires your situation? vice, because it’s a good indica- per proof. Thierry: Our high sales/culling A panel discussion on rearing cows to other producers. tor of future fertility. We do a rate is strongly in& uenced by our replacement animals was organized Raphaël Beauchemin is a third- CMT on all new cows as soon Q: Can you explain what sales of milking cows, and that by Valacta and Holstein Québec as generation owner of the family as they enter the herd. To keep sets you apart in your income greatly reduces the net part of the Supreme Dairy Show held operation J. N. Beauchemin, in their spot in the barn, our cows rearing costs? cost of a new cow in our herd. last November, in Saint-Hyacinthe. Saint-Ours, in the Montérégie have to produce at least 1.2 kg Thierry: Our variable costs Amélie: With the culling rate of The four producers, introduced region. The farm’s 240 cows, of fat per day; otherwise they’re seem higher due to the genetic our cows at about 20 per cent, below, presented differing views on housed in free stalls, produce out. value of our calves, in addi- the net cost of a new cow is near the subject. Here is what they had 11,934 kg of milk (3 milkings/ Thierry: We select our heif- tion to forage and reproduc- average of all dairy herds. to say. day), with 3.8 per cent fat and ers at breeding time. They are tion costs. We have good equip- Raphaël: Our investments in 3.2 per cent protein. Raphaël has either bred for their genetics or ment, which reduces our labour heifer rearing result in lower Our four panelists: diversi$ ed the operation with used as embryo recipients. Sire requirements. costs. Our involuntary culling Amélie Tremblay owns Ferme $ eld crops and contract work selection is based on LPI, and I Amélie: Our rearing costs are a rate has decreased over the last Barjo, in the Charlevoix region, and has a strong focus on herd only choose among those with little higher due to expenses for two years, and we’re now able with her partner Dominique management and heifer selection. the highest health and fertility milk, concentrates and labour. to keep our cows in production Bard. Their 75-head herd includes Caroline Martel is one of four indexes. For conformation, my Our focus on good feeding and longer. 38 milking cows and 32 heifers. shareholders of Ferme des criteria are at least +12 for prov- management for our yearling Caroline: After acquiring shares Production is now at 12,555 kg Grandes Baies, in Plaisance, in en bulls and +15 for genomic heifers pays off because they in the farm, we intentionally of milk, with 4.1 per cent fat and the Outaouais region. She and sires. We use a proportion of 70 calve young and produce well culled the ordinary cows from 3.3 per cent protein. Replacement her partner, Sylvain Mondou, per cent genomic bulls to 30 per right from their $ rst lactation. the herd. Buying young cows animals are selected through a are in the process of acquiring cent proven. We’ve gone back Raphaël: Our housing costs are has signi$ cantly reduced our rigorous process using the genet- the farm from the Guindon fam- to using sexed semen because higher with our modern facili- culling rate. Both the culling rate ic tools available. Their goal is to ily who wished to succeed the there are better bulls available ties. On the other hand, our and the net cost of a new cow rear just enough heifers to renew farm to non-family members. To and fertility is improving. workforce is more ef$ cient and should continue to decrease. the herd without having to buy ensure the viability of their proj- Amélie: I select the dams at motivated because the environ- replacement animals. ect, the couple decided not to breeding time. As for sires, I ment is more pleasant. Q: Considering your goals, Thierry Jaton and his partner raise replacement animals, opting rely on the insemination cen- Caroline: Buying for $4,000 or what makes your strategy Véronique Guay are joint own- instead to purchase young cows tre’s program. My two main rearing for $3,500: it doesn’t successful? ers of Ferme Provetaz, located on the basis of strict criteria. They criteria are high productivity matter to me as long as I can Caroline: Biweekly preventive in Compton, in the Eastern are thus able to focus their atten- and fertility. I have all the heif- get what I want when I want it. medicine visits and milk record- Townships. The 132 milking cows tion on milk production, which ers genotyped at birth. Since our arrival on the farm, ing 12 times a year are essential. in their 290-head herd produce currently exceeds 12,000 kg. Raphaël: We select our cows at we’ve replaced about 50 cows Despite the drop in the price of 11,100 kg of milk, with 4.0 per breeding time, so about 20-30 in the herd with animals we’ve milk last summer, we haven’t cent fat and 3.3 per cent protein. Q: How do you select your per cent of them aren’t bred, bought, and the culling rate cut any of the services from our Mr. Jaton rears almost all of the animals? particularly those with a low has dropped considerably as a veterinarian or our Valacta advi- heifers born on the farm. Every Caroline: We generally buy Pro$ index. We only use genom- result. sor. year, he sells about 40 milking young cows in their $ rst lacta- ic sires, and we favour bulls Thierry: We try to control every- thing without doing anything special. Calf care is important, and it’s imperative to choose genetics that improve produc- tivity. Amélie: It’s important to listen to one’s advisors. Strict man- agement and monitoring heifer growth are essential. We take very good care of our calves at birth, feeding colostrum as soon as possible. It’s important not to put things off. Raphaël: Only raise the best heifers and aim to raise them at the lowest cost possible. Our new buildings make us more ef$ cient, because we’re able to monitor feeding and growth more closely. * This is a shortened version of an article that was originally published in the French Edition of Progressive Dairyman Canada, January 2017. Amélie Tremblay (Ferme Barjo), Thierry Jaton (Ferme Provetaz), Caroline Martel (Ferme des Grandes Baies), Raphaël Beauchemin (J.N. Beauchemin), Roxanne Montplaisir (Holstein Québec Advisor) and Débora Santschi (Nutrition and Management Expert at Valacta). 20 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Heritage Rare Beasts: Bringing attention to endangered farm animals

QC, that had always raised chickens, Emily Southwood ducks and geese. The breeds that she Freelance writer recalled from her childhood were Barred Plymouth Rocks, Rhode Island Collage artist Alyson Champ thought Reds, Light Sussex and Jersey Giants. she was asking a simple question when “I thought these were normal breeds of she went to the COOP to inquire about barnyard chickens,” Alyson says. “But buying laying hens. Alyson grew up on when I asked the man at the COOP about an acreage family farm near Howick, a Rhode Island Red, he said, ‘Madame, the hens are brown, white and black.’” He explained that they were all hybrid birds, bred for production. She went on to ask where one could acquire the old-fashioned farm breeds that people used to have—where had they gone? He explained that she’d need to ! nd a specialty breeder. Not too long after, Alyson received an issue of the Advocate with a copy of Rare Breeds Canada tucked inside it. It was all about endangered farm animals and EMILY SOUTHWOOD EMILY birds. She hadn’t realized that this was Artist Alyson Champ in her studio. an issue. Alyson went on the website rarebreedscanada.org and was astound- farm animals through her medium of explains the implications: “Since we ed by the number of farm animals that painted paper collage. don’t know what our future agricultural were listed as endangered and in criti- Alyson is an acclaimed collage artist needs will be, we can’t predict what we cal numbers. She was also surprised who has largely depicted subjects from will lose in the traits of these animals. to see breeds she considered common her rural community. Alyson studied Large-breasted, commercially sold tur- like Clydesdales, Canadienne cows and painting and drawing at Vanier College, keys are too big to mate naturally. By Cotswold Sheep. Troubled by this rev- The Saidye Bronfman School of Fine contrast, the Ridley Bronze Turkey is elation, she came up with the idea of Art and Concordia University, and now a hearty, cold-withstanding bird that drawing attention to these endangered works from her farmhouse studio and reproduces and forages. Climate change teaches art in the Chateauguay Valley. is real and it’s happening. I think per- For the Rare Beasts project, Alyson is haps we’ve gotten so comfortable that creating 20 painted paper collages. The we don’t even see it happening.” original artworks will be exhibited to Alyson has more animals to choose stimulate a cultural conversation about from than she could have imagined for this important issue. Texts with infor- her 20 artworks. Thus far she’s featured mation about the rare animals will two equine breeds, including a regal accompany each original artwork and Clydesdale from the Ormstown area a bestiary, or book, will also be pro- that calls attention to the fact that horses duced and sold. The Rare Beasts project are animals that have largely lost their is being funded by le Conseil des arts function in the world of today. If these et des lettres du Québec (CALQ) and la breeds cease to exist, we will also be Conférence régionale des élus de la losing part of our cultural heritage in Vallée-du-Haut-Saint-Laurent (CRÉ). vulnerable animals like the Canadian Endangered is not a word that many horses that fought and died in great people associate with farm animals, but numbers during wartime. Alyson wants to encourage us to make As much as possible, Alyson is trying the connection. “Think about how many to work from her own photographs of types of cows you relate to milk produc- local animals. As her project has pro- tion: surely Holsteins and Ayrshires?” gressed, she’s received a great response Alyson says. “But have you ever heard from the conservation and farming com- of a Lynch Lineback?” The critically munity, alerting her to the many fasci- endangered breed, though smaller than nating breeds with dwindling numbers. her counterparts, is an extremely hearty Alyson can be found blogging about animal that lives a long milk-producing her ongoing project at: http://rare- life. beastsproject.alysonchamp.com/rare- Alyson wants to call attention to the beasts/. The ! nal 20 collages of Rare fact that the current global and indus- Beasts will ultimately be seen through- trialized nature of our food production out exhibitions in the Vallée-du-Haut- has limited the diversity of breeds. She Saint-Laurent region. Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 21 Cookin’ with the Advocate Colour matters

Cynthia Gunn QFA’s Food Writer

The market is replete with food that is not the colour it seems. Usually, it is dyed to mimic the real food it is replacing, but sometimes just to ! t what has become a cultural norm. It seems our brains have a hard time dissociating colour from taste. Factory-farmed salmon is naturally grey because they are not dining on krill and shrimp, which turns wild salmon’s " esh pink. What to do? Dye the feed given to farmed salmon. Market research has shown that we just will not accept grey salmon. Most oranges have green skins, depending where they’re grown and what time of year they’re harvested. Lime juice is a yellowy-green. If you are used to dyed lime products, you may approach a yellowy key lime pie with trepidation. If you are used to lime products without dye, you’ll approach bright green lime sherbet with trepidation. How colour affects appetite is “directly related to experience, expecta- tions, associations, cultural norms and fashions,” explains Chris Lukehurst, head of research at the Marketing Clinic. If you get people to eat a dyed blue steak in the dark, says Charles Spence, an Oxford experimental psy-

chologist, “they think it’s normal, then you turn the lights up and show GUNN CYNTHIA them the colour, some will get up and be sick straight away.” Don’t be fooled by the colours! The producers of margarine were well aware of the effect colour had on the brain and our sense of taste, even if they didn’t have the science or research to back it up. Margarine—invented in 1869 in France, unbe- lievably, land of beautiful butter—was white, and many people found it unappealing as it looked more like lard than butter. This played into the hands of dairy producers, who understandably saw a threat to their butter product. Vociferous lobbying by dairy producers resulted in various laws being passed in the US and Canada prohibiting the colouring of margarine. Some states even went further, requiring that it be dyed pink, though this extreme law didn’t last long. Meanwhile, in Canada, margarine was out- right prohibited from 1886 to 1948, though this ban was temporarily lifted from 1917 until 1923 due to dairy shortages. The 1902 tax increase on margarine together with restrictions on mar- garine colour in the US cut annual consumption from 120,000,000 to 48,000,000 pounds. Clearly, looks matter. By the mid-1950s, most of these colour laws had been repealed in the US. Canada held out longer, with colour restrictions on margarine in most provinces lasting until the 1980s. Quebec was the longest holdout, managing to prohibit the colouring of margarine until July 2008. On a recent episode of The Nature of Things, psychologist Spence man- aged to fool almost everyone. He confused them by putting the “wrong” colour with a particular " avour in the test drinks, such as blue apple juice. I decided to try a similar experiment. When my 8- and 11-year-old daughters came home from school, along with another willing 8-year-old subject, I experimented on them. I made a peach smoothie and “dyed” it red with a single raspberry. They all guessed it was strawberry or raspberry. I then made a lemon smoothie, using some vanilla ice cream for the sweetener. I added green food colouring so that the result was a pale green. They guessed kiwi, grape, avocado and zuc- chini. Poor things, what did they think I was in" icting on them? Lemon simply did not equate with the colour green. It seems that we’ll taste what we expect. My favourite trick is white carrots. Or at least it tricks my kids, who insist that they hate cooked carrots. I have found if I use white carrots in soup, however, they don’t detect that it’s carrot. I don’t ask them what they think it is or I’ll raise their suspicions and be foiled, no doubt.

Cynthia is a researcher and writer, covering issues related to environment, heritage, tourism and food. She runs a small catering business and lives in Western Quebec with her two daughters and husband. She holds a MA in Geography. 22 Quebec Farmers’ Advocate / February 2017 Quebec women’s institute A 70th anniversary for the Fordyce Women’s Institute

Cynthia Jackson QWI Vice President

Seated at the head table for this special event were: Linda Hoy, FWIC President; Sheila Needham, Canada Area President, Associated Country Women of the World; Elizabeth Milroy, QWI President Elect; Joyce Martin, QWI Secretary; June Lamey, Fordyce Treasurer; Michel Charbonneau, Pro-May, City of Cowensville; Anne Stairs, Principal, Heroes’ Memorial School; and “yours truly,” QWI past President and Fordyce President. Judy Page Jones, QWI President, was also present, but occupied with the catering. Following a bountiful turkey dinner, we were treated to musi- cal entertainment by the talented Heroes’ Memorial Elementary School Band and Choir. The children, from grades two to seven, received a standing ovation and members were delighted with their Celebrating 70 years of involvement in the Cowansville area. talent. Fordyce Branch was “born” on an X-ray machine and oxygen analyzer. saries to deserving students graduating Our meetings are held the ! rst November 27, 1946, and our ! rst presi- As our centennial project in 1967, we from high school and we present aca- Wednesday of each month at 1:00 dent was Mrs. Amy Hooper. Over the unveiled our picnic area. This picnic area demic awards at the elementary schools. p.m. at Emmanuel United Church in years we have supported our local hos- was maintained by our branch until 2016, We also support the women’s shelter, the Cowansville. All women, no matter what pital in many ways: money donations, when it was turned over to the City of Anglophone group home for teenagers their faith or language, are invited to join knitting and sewing cancer hats and Cowansville. We support three elemen- and the Living Room Group Home for us. baby layettes, and donations towards tary schools in the area. We award bur- pre-teens.

Rural Community Better Together

4-H CANADA QUEBEC 4-H ASSOCIATION Global 4-H Network Summit Sustainability Days Ormstown Square Dance Competition Provincial Rally 2017 The 2017 Global 4-H Network Summit, July Thanks to funding from Agrium, 4-H This year, the Ormstown competition will Hosted in Hatley from July 27-30, 2017, 11-14, is the opportunity for 4-H youth, Quebec will coordinate Sustainability take place on April 1 at the Ormstown Rec. this event showcases our members’ leaders and professionals from 70 countries Days to help bring Journey 2050 program- Centre. The club looks forward to welcom- 4-H projects from across the province. around the world, representing 7 million ming to clubs. Sta" members are available ing clubs from across Quebec for this lovely Including a competitive livestock show youth worldwide, to gather in Canada’s to introduce clubs to the online game and tradition! Contact Janice Barr at barrne- and public speaking and live skills compe- national capital city of Ottawa at an excit- will help members get started on their [email protected] for more information. titions, this is an event not to be missed! ing time when celebrations are underway own sustainability journeys by bringing for Canada’s 150th birthday. 4-H Canada is the supplies they need to complete a proj- Innovative Ag Tour Kids Helping Kids proud to host this important event, as we ect chosen by the club. To # nd out more or Hosted in Richmond from March 17-19, Collect aluminum drink can tabs for the come together to share experiences, learn to book your Sustainability Day, contact 2017, this event is a chance for 4-H Quebec Ronald McDonald House; ask a 4-H’er in from each other and celebrate the success- Julie at [email protected]. members between the ages of 13-25 from your community to pass them along to a es of the 4-H global movement through across the province to travel together by 4-H Quebec sta" member any time. Tabs positive youth development. Register with Lachute 4- H Fundraiser Square Dance bus to visit various farms and agribusi- will go to Ronald McDonald House for the 4-H Quebec o! ce by contacting Julie On March 25, there will be a square dance nesses in the region. Over the course sale to aluminum to recyclers, helping at [email protected]. fundraiser at Grenville Community Centre of the weekend, they learn innovative to fund their facilities where families can (21 Rue Tri- Jean, Grenville). Music by agricultural practices, feeding techniques, stay nearby their children while they’re in For more information about 4-H program- Stray Dogs (with Jean-Phillippe Levert on business practices, architectural possibili- the hospital. ming and events, contact 4-H Quebec: the # ddle). Hope to see you there! ties and more. [email protected] 514-398-8738