Page 466 Internationa! Congress of Vexillology FiagBerlm2007 22. International Congress of Vexillology FlagBerlin2007 Page 467

Only one week after the Jura section had Endnoten: adopted its flag, the Basel section had its flag 1. Arthur William FTchclIs III: «Thc Swiss Guard of the Popes, flags and uniforms and their inter-relations, the earlv period 1506-1798”, paper presented at the XXII international blessed also on 27 February 2005 in Muttenz. congress of vexillologty 6 to 10 August 2007, Berlin. The section had been established in October 2. Paul i\I. Krieg: “Die Schweizergarde in Rom”, Verlag Rabcr & Cie AG, Luzern, 1960. 3. I'rederic Theodore Dubois: “Die W'appen der Kommandanten dcr Schweizergardc in Rom”, 1955. In 2003 a flag committee began to in: Sdm-ei-:(er Archir fur I \era1dik - Archives f leraldicfues Suisses, A° XIA'llI, 1934, N° 3, pp. 132- produce various flag designs, and in 2004 two of them were presented 1.37. 4. Christian-Roland Marcel Richard: «l.a Cmardia Svizzera Ponitificia nel crirso dei secoli», to the general assembly of the Leonardo International, Milano, 2005, ISBN 88-88828-34-6 section I62i. The delegates 5. Fuirico Ghisi; “11 tricolorc itahano (1796-1870)”, Rizzoli & C., Milano, 1931, IX, pp. 74-80. 6. Aldo Ziggioto: „Le bandiere degli Stati italiani, 6) Gli Stati deiritalia centrale, parte II, L) La favoured a modern design, which Repubbiica Romana del 1798-99» in: Armi Autiche, Bolletino dell’Accademia di S. Marciano, then was produced by Tfjrino, 1982. 7. Luigi Zara: “La Bandiera Pontifica“, in: Kivistn Anrldiat, n° 27, 1929, Roma, pp. 134-137 Heimgartner using a Julius- 8. Paul M. Krieg, (,)p. cit., pp. 290-297. banner damask of pure silk. The 9. Paul M. Krieg, op. cit., p. 298. 10. Leonard von Matt, Hans Kuhner: ,,Die P:ipste“, NZN Buchverlag, Zurich, 1963, p. 211. flag measures 140x152 cms, 11. N.a.: «Die Papstliche Schweizergardc. Zeitgenossische Stichc und Aquarelle vf)m 16. bis zum bearing a red border at the hoist 20. jahrhundert aus der Privatsammlung des Hauptmanns Roman l'ringeli“, mit Beitriigen von G. Cantelli, C. Marra und R. VCalpen, Verlag Schnell + Steiner GmbH, Regensburg, on both sides with the 2006, ISBN 3-7954-1783-X. inscription in white “EHEM. 12. Anonymous: “Memoria della Bandiera del Cotpo della Cjuardia Svizzera Pont.a del Pontificato di Papa Ciregorio XVI.”, Archive of the Swiss Guard, Vatican City, no date. pApstliche SCHWEIZER- rXtract: // Pcjfa Pio V!!I la rinnovd nel 1829. Sotto il Pontificato di Creffjrio AT 7 non venue cambiato GARDISTEN REGION che lo Stemma del Pontifice. Sotto a cinesto venina in que! tempo posto anche h Stemma gentilifo del Capita no comandante la iinardia pro tempore. 13. This image is presented with kind permission of Capt. Roman I'ringeli (owner of the print), of Mr. Marco Cupellaro (catalog editor) and of Mr. Alberto Medri (photographer). This image has first been published on page 77 of the catalogue of the Swiss (xuard exhibitif>n at the Knights of Columbus Museum in New Haven, Connecticut, USA, celebrating the 500 vears of Papal Sendee, ISBN 0-9777867-2-2. 14. Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz, fiinfter Band. Neuenburg, 1929, pp. 426- 429. 15. Carl Lrdmann: «Das Wappen und die I'ahne der Rdmischen Kirche», in: OneUen und i'orschnngen in italienischen Archiven and Pibliotheken^ \3)l. 22, 1931, \X . Regcnberg, Rom, p. 253. 16. Aldo Ziggioto: “La Bandiera della Marina Pontifica di ldnanza“, in: H finanf ere, anno LXXXVI, n° 10, 31 maggio 1972, pp. 21-22. 17. Anonvmous: “Raccolta dellc Bandiere di tutte Ic Potenze Marittimc». Compilata su quclla pubblicata dall'idrografo inglese G. Norie e dalF ingeniere geografo francese j. A. Dezanche e su aitri documenti ufficiali. Rcalc Ufficio Tipograflco, Napoli, 1834. 18. Depperman Ik Ruschke, I lamburg, no date (probablv 1844). 19. Rev. Wdiliam M. Becker: Paris, ISSN 1270-0096. 21. y\ldo Ziggioto: „Le bandiere degli Stati italiani», op. cit., p. 109. 22. Robert Roval: „The Pope's Armv“, The Crossroad Publishing Company, New York, 2006, ISBN 13: 978-0-8245-239.5-4, p. 128. Sections “Bern”, “Solothurn”, “Argovia”, “Sottoselva” and “Svizzera 23. Ciaston Castella: «La Garde I'idele du Saint-Pere», avec ill. en couleurs de L'rad Lay, editions itahana” do not have a flag. de la Cle d’Or, Paris, 1935, p. 162. 24. M. A. Le Gras: “Album des Pavilions, Guidons, Llammes de routes les puissances maritimes avec texte par M.A. Le Gras», public sous le Ministere de S.Fk I'Amiral Hamelin. Au Depot ------^ ______des Cartes et Plans de la Marine, fihromolith. par Auguste Brv, Paris, 1858.

Emil Dreyer. CH Flags of the pope s Swiss Guard since 1798 Flags of the pope s Swiss Guard since 1798 Emil Dreyer, CH Page 468 22. Inlemalioriai Congress of Vexillology FlaqBerlin20Q7 22 Irtenationai Copqress of VexiHoiogy FIaqBe''!in2007 Page 469 """ Rdhions Slatkine, Geneve, 2005, ISBN 2- 45. H. J. von Brockhusen: “Zum Wappen des Papstes aus Polcn”, in; DerVUrold^ Band 9, 1978- 1980, Berlin, pp. 253-254 d-A„e, in 46. Stephen Slater: “The complete book of Heraldry”, Lorenz Books, Anness Publishing Ltd, 3-89"2^,438Tp"i‘? GmbH, 85221 Dechen. ISBN I.x>ndon, 2002, ISBN 0-7548-1062-3, p. 150. 47. Gerard Tomasetti, Hans Gehrig: Rome, one at the Museum of Swiss in Foreign Sen ice in Coppet and one each is held by the la A ■P "" ^ bandnra mn vemvapm esposta mils festnita ^ authors. 2.). Anonymous, “Memoria della Bandieta ... di Paoa Pio IX” .n r. „ , 48. Robert Walpen, op. cit., p. 115 49. Jens Pattke: “Habemus Papam - wir haben einen Papst”, in: DGV-lnformaHonen^ Nr. 6, Juni 2005, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Flaggenkunde, pp. 3-4. iS ptm ix!"'' Dec. I, 50. Roger Harmignics: “Lcs armoiries du Pape Benoit XVI », in; Archives Weraldtques Suisses — Schiveie^r Arebivfiir}UraldiK.\le^%.v^^ 11-2005, ISSN 1423-0534,pp. 125-128. 51. Hanns Arnulf Hngels: “Das ncuc papstliche ’9('appen”, in: Archives ileraldiques Suisses, op. cit, pp. 129-30. 52. Urs Hahn: “75 Jahre Vereinigung ehcmaligcr papstlicher Schweizergardisten 1921-1996” in: ^mkn. chs mos^mm bsm / solo, « ,m„dlsm Vondfia. co„ ,mlli mZLZ Der Ex-Gardist, J^sAmeNS, 1 Aix-Guardia, Pfaffhausen, Nr, 62/1997, pp. 14-15. 53. Hans Ocrtle, editor of the PSGVA review “Dcr Schweizergardist”, Pfaffhausen, letter and documentation sent to the author on 19 February 2007. 33 *^°“™'Vcrlag, Brie, 1975 p 74 54. Robert Clement, Fribourg, letters sent to the author on 28 February 2007 and 12 May 2007. 55. Nicolaus Cadalbcrt, Rhcineck, letter sent to the author on 19 March 2007. 56. Werner BcUwald, Sion, letter and documentation sent to the author on 25 January 2007. 57. Rinaldo Imhof, Begnins, letter and documentation sent to the author on 24 April 2007- Pcrdinand Nicdcrberger: „BrieRvechsel zwischen Dr Robert Durrer Sr^n. 1 j 58. Stephan Vogler, W'asterkingen, letter sent to the author on 12June 2007. 59. Lorenzo Odermatt, Kmmenbriicke, letter and picture sent to the author on 22 June 2007. 3. ^ 60. Jean-CJaude Veya, Devclier, communication to the author on 6 June 2007. 36. N-a- ‘DieneueFahnedcrSchv eiaergarde” op. cit., plate V. 61. \X’erner Affentranger, Bottmingcn, letters and documentation sent to the author on 14 and 37. Duty ehromcle of the Sv-iss Guard. Vatican City, manuscript, U.1933 (NeuiahrV 16 May 2007. 62. Thomas Machlcr, Ettingcn, letter and documentation sent to the author on 10 Februarj* 2007.

Credit of Illustrations: Stefan Meier: Ills.: lb, 4b, 17b, 19, 24, 27, 29a, 31, 35b, 39a, 41, 50, 51a, 55, 56a, 56b, 61, 65, 66, 67,69,71,74. Fimil Dreyer: Ills.; 2, 3, 13, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 57, 59, 62, 63, 68, 70, 75, 76,77a, 77b, 78, 79, 80a, 80b, 81,82,89,90,91,93. n":i Btrtitf;.?-” "■-• >“ «“-r -fr"»- x,. *. • Ills. 6, 11; From Roman FringeH’s coUectirm in; “Die Papstliche Schweizcrgarde“, by G. CantcUi, C. Marra and R. Walpen, Schncll+Stcincr, Regensburg, 2006 (ISBN 3-7954-1783- ® vrDi7^rc™:sj.;vTO^^^^^ "•■ ■-”'■• pp. 207,244. • 111. 10: Alberto Mcdri, photographer, in: „Thc Swiss Guard, Celebrating 500 >'ears of Papal Service”, edited by Marco Cupcllaro and Paola Fiorlctta, Knights of Columbus Museum, New Haven, Connecticut, CSA, 2006, ISBN 0-9777867-2-2, p. 77. • Ills, la, 4a, 5, 7, 9, 26a: From Fernando del Arco: “Ucraldica Papal”, Editorial Bitacora S.A., San Fernando de Henares, 1993, ISBN 84-465-0001-9, pp. 173, 175,177,179,181,185. • Ills. 16,: From a postcard, Bruno Bernard Heim, Zimmer Vcriag, Trier, n.d. • III. 23: From Antonio Serrano: „Dtc Schweizergarde dcr Papste, Baycrland GmbH, Dachau, 43. Duty chronicle of the Swiss Pontifical Guard, op. cit„ lahresbcrich, 1967 o 30 3 ISBN 3-89251-138-1, p. 109. • 111. 29b, 35a: From Otto Hupp; „Munchener Kalendcr“, Vcrlagsansialt vormals G. J. Manz 200riSBN SsSoA^^ M^«hione Editore, Varese, Aki.-Gcs., Miinchcn-Rcgcnshurg. January 1906 (Pius X),Januar)’ 1916 (Benedict XV). 98 ’ scconda (corpi nulitan pontifici disciold nel 1970), pp. 75- • HI. 33: Courtes) Swiss National Museum, Zurich. • Ills. 34: From „Sch>vcizcr Archiv fiir lieraldik - Archives Hcraldiques Suisses”

Emil Dreyer. CH Flags of the pope s Swiss Guard since 1798 Flogs of the pope’s Swiss Guard smee 1798 Emil Dreyer, CH Page 470 22. [nternalional Congress of Vexillology FlagBerlin2007 22, International Congress of Ve.xilloiogy FlagBeriin2007 Page 471 • Ills 36, 38, 39b: I-Vom Donald landsay Galbrcath: „Papal Heraldn“, second edition revised I also thank Werner Bellwald. from the Valais museum association, for allowing me to take pictures \dl VUl >972, ISBN 0 90045522 5, title plate, plates at the Pontifical Swiss Guard museum in Naters and for sending me pictures of other ex-Guard • 111. 42:1-rom a postcard, BR. 059, da fotocolor Giordani, Citti del Vaticano, n.d. flags. • Ills. 43a, 45, 52a: IVom Bruno Bernard Heim: “Heraldn in the Catholic Church” Van I am grateful to Thomas Machler. president of the Basel section of the Pontifical Swiss Guard Duren, Cierrards Cross, 1978, ISBN 0905715 05-5, plate VIll, plate 1, title plate. Veteran’s Association, for his valuable help in my research of the veteran guards associations’ !''■ “Ri-'gol'-imcntf) Organico Disciplinare e .Vmministrativo della Guardia Svi/zera flags. I ontificia , Tipografia Poliglotta Vaticana, 1959, I appreciate the kind assistance of Hans Gertie, redactor of the PSGVA review “Der Ex-Gardist”. Ills. 44, 83: Courtesy of Nathalie Chavannes, curator. Museum of the Swiss in the World I also thank Nicolaus Cadalbert, president of the Oriental Swiss PSGVA, for his kind assistance in Penthes. ’ my research. III. 5lb: Prom “Rcgolamento Organico Disciplinare e Amministrativo della Guardia Svizzera Colonel Dominic Pedrazzini. from the Federal Army Library in Berne, has kindly provided flag I ontificia’ ,Tipogratia Poliglotta Vaticana, 1976. pictures of other Vatican guards. Marco Cupellaro, Rome, organiser of the New Haven exhibition, and his photographer Alberto 'a '-’f Heraldtv”, Lorenz Books, London, 2002, ISBN 0-7548-1062-3, p. 150. Medri, Rome, have given me their kind permission to use their image of a Fringeli print. • Ills. 60, 64a, 64b, 100: Courtesy of I'ahnen Heimgartncr & Co,, Wil. Reverend Alovs von Euw. Morschach, introduced me in April and June 2000 to key persons in my • Schweizetgardist” Swiss Guard flag research. rtatthausen. I thank Andreas Wickv, RapperswiI, who on 26 May 2000 sent me valuable documentation. • Ills. 88, 95, 98: Courtesy of Werner iVffcntranger, Bottmingen, PSGX'A Basel section • Ills. 84 85, 86, 87, 92, 96, 99, 100, 102: Courtesy- of Werner BelKvald, curator, Zentrum I also aknowledge the kind assistance of the following veteran Swiss guards: Stephan Vogler, Ciardc, Niatcrs. Lorenz Odermatt, Werner Affentranger, Peter Holzer, Jean-Claude Veya, Urs Muller, Johannes • Ills. 94a, 94b: Courtesy- of Rinaldo Imhof, Begnins, PSGVA, Lcmania section. Blochliger, Gerold Brunner, Ernst Kissel, Rene Hoff. 111. 97: Courtesy of I,orcnzo Odermatt, Lmmenbruckc, PSGX'A, Zentralschwciz section. Ilk 100a, 100b, 100c, lOOd, 103: Courtesy of Thomas Machler, Lttignen, PSGVA president ot liasci section. ’ ^ About the author Pontifical Swiss Guard archives, Vatican City, Courtesv tif Major Peter Hasler: Ills 8 12 Da 21 Emil Dreyer was born 1952 in Wettingen, Switzerland, his father 26b, 28,30,32,3'^, 46,53,54,58. ^ t , , being Swiss, his mother Spanish. He spent his childhood in Switzerland, his youth in Spain and returned to Switzerland for his Lcderal Army- Library, Berne, files of the Charles helix Keller collection: Ills. 47, 48, 49. studies in medicine at the University of Berne. Following Captain Roman Lringeli, Rome: Ilk: 14 postgraduate training in various hospitals for 9 years he settled in 1988 as a general practitioner in a suburb community near Berne. Acknowledgements: He is married and has three adult daughters. Emil Dreyer has participated in many international FIAV congresses, I am very much indebted in gratitude to major Peter Hasler. archivist of the Pontifical Swiss Guard in the Vatican, for his selfless assistance given to me and for the detailed documentation he had has published irregularly in vexillological periodicals since 1977 and sent me several years ago. is a corresponding or subscribing member of the most important I thank Stefan Meier, Wettingen, photographer of the Guard, who has given me his kind permission vexilloiogical associations of FIAV as well as of several heraldic associations. He is engaged to use his wonderful high-resolution colour pictures of Guard life, flags and documents. in flag consulting throughout Switzerland. Captain Rpman Frinqeli, Rome, has opened for me his archives of superb old prints and given me He ist the president of the Swiss Vexillological Society since 1998 and acts as well as his permission to use images of those prints. Thank you. secretary to the Swiss Heraldic Society. He served as a honorary FIAV secretary-general I wish to express my gratitude to Mrs. Nathalie Chavannes. curator at the Chateau-de-Penthes from 1991 to 1997 and is a Fellow of the Federation. museum near Geneva, for letting me roam the museum library and sending me the pictures I wanted. Address of the author: I'd like to thank my dear colleague Arthur Etchells for the fruitful exchange of ideas, the excellent Dr. Emil Dreyer collaboration in our common project and for correcting my English version of the paper Flurweg 43 Robert Clement, president of the Fribourg section of the PSGVA, has very much helped me to CH-3052 Zollikofen research and photograph the flags in his section’s archive. SWITZERLAND of Lucerne military museum in Kriens, has guided me through his e-mail: [email protected] amazing collections and kindly helped me to take pictures of the flags on exhibition.

Emil Dreyer. CH Flags of the pope's Swiss Guard since 1798 Flags of the pope's Swiss Guard since 1798 Emil Dreyer, CH