VOLUME SIX FOR OCTOBER NUMBER ELEVEN
COXTK'TS: Wh,t Knowle.lge h of ~I",t \rorth' 9 A Typical Group of Adl'anC'e(1 Indian tudent> Fronti pi""'l' 10 The Laguna Pueblos- IlIustrated-B!' Edgar K. ~Iiller 11 ~Iako Sica The Bad Land" By Henry Carlton Gn'l'n IH GOl'ernment Sheep Dipping-lllustrated- By Edgar K. ~Iilll'r 20 How Sam Houston Came to The Cherokee. A ('lipping QQ The Beginning of Osage Tribal Life By Kate Pem"on Burwell 25 Kit Carson - By C. J. Crandall Q9 About This Time of Year-Original Poem By Isahel ~lcArthur :31 Three Indian Types-lllustrated-By France:, DensmOl'c :)4 A Short Sketch of the Oklahoma "'ichit" Indian Tribe lllustrated- By The Journal Pen and Camera :3H The Anadarko. Oklahoma Indian hool-A Clipping 41 .. Lo" and Other People- ~Ii,cellaneous :\ews 4:>-4H Educating the Indian - A Clipping 44 In and Out of The Indian, T\'ice- ~Iiscellaneou., . 'ew, 45 Defend" Go"ernment Indian hoob- By .-\ ~Iatron 4i An Idl'll of The L'intah-Orirrinal Poem-B,' "'ilbert E. Ei Ic 49 • l:."" E THt, hili ...... &HOOI. JOl"a'\\i- j.. k"'ued frvID tht ChllOC'l'O "('hoo)' ... printing- department. the me ('hani('al work no it bein~ dClne by .. tuden6 of the ....'1loo1 Undt'f the dirccti can ~ew..paper Diret.'tory f{lf bona-fide ein.'ulatioD. .' .\dYerti~ingrate... made knOW1l on applitation.. Communu,·atl~n.. .. hould be addre-..oo to TUf: bOlA . • 'unOI. JOl"R'\AI, S. )1. )lc:CoWA'l. Editor, or E. K. )lu.1 F.Jt, Bu...tne-.. )Ianager 2 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION Chilocco R.R. Time Table • AXT.\ rE ROt'TE.- "tali"n on", alld line· half milt· ea~t of .-\drllilli .. lratio I Ruildin:!" Guinl:! nurth: XII, at ll:;itl a. m: .\"0. ~nR J\:.aw('ity'frain at .:o:! p. 111. G lin~ "'Imh: ~o. -10, at H:J~ a. ill.: Xu. ll:) at JL1J:J a. m. FRI5;f.)) LJ~E-Stati()11 known;h ('air. South bound. 'i:30 a. m. allll :j;O:! p. III : north bound. 1:!:04 a. m. and 6::i." p. m. ~E\\" EltA mLLlW Cll)!P.t'iL .\Iaoofannrer.. of be ('elt"bn.... "POLAR BEAR" FLOUR. AI:K.\:\. ,\:-, (TI'Y. KA:\sAS D0ANE & JARVIS J aTm maC\\\M'f1} "IDaqoM, REMEMBER US J\e\~ 1!.l\l.qq\es, eaTT\a.qes, Whenever you want HARNESS a1\~ ~aT~e1\ 5eeo., e\c .. tk or a bill of HARDWARE. 1ft9 S. SUI lit. HANULTONHARDWARECO Geo. L. Beard, Arkansas City, Kans. Guns, Ammunition and Sporting Goods G. S. Hartley, Pres. X. D. Sanders. Cashier Fishing TiCll, and Athlrlic Gaols. Fin' Repairing. Sped.llr, Ark..... City, K>.ns, Copibl, Fillr ThotlS3.lld, Fully raid A Home lustltution. We Solicit Your Business MILLER'S Missouri Pacific Time Table. PH0T0S Arkansas City, Kans. ARE THE BEST. • '0. 10 Passenger. departs.. . 12:30 p. m • '0. 894 local freight, departs. :00 a. m .'0. 893 local freight, arri\"es_ . _11:30 a. m .'0. &19 Passenger, arri"es ._ 4:00 p. m No. 810 makes close connection at Dexter tmpire titeam :{aundrl(, with fast train for Coffeyville, Pittsburg, ARK.". '~AS ( n'y ,'evada and St. Louis, and for rints on the Iron Mountain route south 0 CoffeYVllle TELEPHOXE XO. r!5. Also with fast express for Colorado and Pacific Coast points. C. N. HUlr:J.t. P ropriet.or. Local freights carry passengera between Arkansas City and Dexter. ONE DOOR NORTH OF GLAOSTONE HOTEL, W. A. RUPERT, Agent, Mention the JOt"UAL whenever you write our advertiser. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION 3 "See America First" CALIFORNIA and PACIFIC COAST Through Coloraao ana Utah via the Denver (B}, Rio Grande Railroad UScenic Line of the World" The entire journey, Den ver to Salt Lake City and Ogden, is through the Rocky Mountains Colorado Springs, Pike's Peak, the Royal Gorge, Grand Canon of the Ar kansas, Tennessee Pass, .' RAt L R. 0 A D Eagle River Canon, Canon ~ '" - - of the Grand, Glenwood Springs, Castle Gate and Sal! Lake City are all located on the main line and can be seen from the car windows, without extra expense for side trips. Stopovers any'llJhere on the Rio Gram!e 'llJilhin transil ana final limil. Open-Top Observation Cars, Seats Free Through the Canons During the Summer Months For illustrated. pamphlets and information as to rates, train service, etc., address S. K. HOOPER, General Pass. ana Ticket Agt. 'Denver, Coloraao. Mention the JOGR~AL wben you write our ad\·ertiser:-. 4 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING 8ECTION OXE O~' OCR CA LlFOR~,A TRAIXS To CALIFORNIA THE time for yisiting "The Garden Spot of the Wo~l~".is near at hand; California is a delightful place to mit ill the fall and winter months. There is no railroad that will get you there with greater coll\'eniem.'e than the S..ISTA FE. Our "California Limited" train is planned and equipped to give the trayelli.ng public the finest sen':ice possible. Go SA;\"fA FE way I'd like to help plan your trip. Tell me when ,ou Viant togo, and where; ab btl.... long you de;ire to remain. Then [can tell you the 'loW~i: priee of the proper tic:ket. See W. W. BURNETT, Santa Fe c.figent, cArkansas City, Kansas. Write for Illustrated Descriptive Books-Free. M~Dtion tbe JOUR."A..L Whenever you write our adYertise~. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVEREISING SECTION 5 . ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ fjeautiful ~olibap ~ ~ ~ifts for jfrienbs- ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ A Santa Clara Loving CIlP; Our Own St.ock ~ ~ Doesn't this refate the belief by Some People ~ ~ that the Indian makes nothing artistic? The ~ ~ Indian Print Shop has some of these cups for ~ ~ distribution at prices from 75c t.o $4.00 each ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 6 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION The Farmers State Bank cArlunsas City, Kansas. CAPITAL $50,000. UNDIVIDED PROFITS, $25.000. -DIRECTDRS- Inl. E. OT! , 1.'0. L. PARSONS. J MACK WI·E. E. .'EFF. A. H. UE~TO~. WM. E. OTIS. PRU DENT. A. H. DENTON, C&JH Ell. For the biggest assortment of FOR DRUGS, BOO K$, Fine Stationery and Lowney's Good Gas Goods Chocolates, at lowest prices GA [,L A'l' ;Jolliff ~ ilwart3, Gilbert-Sturtz Hdw. Co. Everything in Hardware Arkansas City, Kansas. DR. L. D. MITCHELL, T.B. OLDROYD Brld ...DENTIST... COMPANY, Oppo~t, fUIllm' Sat, 6>nk, ill K. r. 5!o Arkansas City, Kansas. L. D. HOD GE S3adger l.umber CCO. DENTIST, 5. W. BOARDliIAN, Af WE SAVE YOU MONEt On Dr, Goods, Clothing and Shoes. Immense Assortment and the Ver, Lowest Prices. No Trouble to Show Goods. THE NEWMAN DRY GOODS COMPAflY, ARKANSAS CITY, KANSAS. - THE INDIAN CHOOL' JOI;RNAL-ADVERTlSING SECTION 7 Midland Valley R. R. Co. ~ r k a n s a s R i v e r R 0 ute TI~fE CARD Ol'TH BOl':-ID :-IORTH BOC'.'D DAILY DAlLY Leaves Arkansas City - 7::w a. m. Leal'es )hbkogee s:oo a. m. Arriy Hardy ".\,; " Arrivb Tulsa 10:3.) .. Foraker - - W :30 .. Xeloglmy 1':?:-lJ p. m. Pawhus.ka 11 :30 p. m. Pawhu.... ka 1:30 .. " ~elogony -l:;?() .. Foraker 3:5,} .. " Tulsa ~:W .. Hard)' J:-lJ .. " :Muskogee i :0.> .. Arkansas City - 7:00 .. J, F. HOLDE , T. E, McMEA S. Vice President, Agent, Ft. Smith, Arkansas Arkansas City, Kans. NAVAJO NATIVE SADDLE BLANKETS n THE Indian Print Shop announces to its patrons and friend. that 'lI-a it ha:s through the efforts of one of its repre;entatirE:;. been fortu, nate enough to secure a few :-Iati,'e :-Ia"ajo Saddle Blankets-something we hare been out of for some time. ThE:;e blankets are of the size to fold. and weigh from 2 '. to 5 pounds each. The priCE:; range from ~.50 to 86.50, according to qualit~· and wea"e. These blankets are fine onE:; and we sug gest that those who have been enquiring for these blllnkets. order now. There is nothing to equal them for this llie. lind. of t'Oun;e, the~' will wear forerer. They will not ""'t long-Order now and tale how to ship ======Add,,,,,, ======THE LTD IA T PR L T TS HOP, lYa'i.-'ajo Blankets and .dcoma Pottery, Chilocco, Okla. Mention the JOUBSAL whenever you wrtte OUf advertisers. 8 THE INDL.\N SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADYERTISlNG SECTIO~ ~ ~~~ I HAVE YOU A GOD? I ~ e ~ I 1IrHIS is one ~ ~ ~ of our own ~ ~ gods-that is. ~ ~ a photo of one ~ ~ of those we are $3 ~ selling in our $3 ~ endea\'ors to !I ~ aid all worth.v 'WolI ~ Indians to cre- $3 ~ ate a demand !I ~ for their handi- '17'" ~ craft. It is tI ~ one of those 'WolI ~ TESUQUE I I~ RAIN GODS ; ~ you have heard $S so much about. tJ ~ They are made tJ ~ by the Indians ., I ~~~U~ ~ ~ eblo. Nell' Mex- t&3 ico. They are .~ ~ odd; made 6 to I ~ 8 inches tall. in tJ ~ several co lors eJ ~L and decorations eJ rn ~ Wegetfro 35 ~ to 50c each for I them. They are worth 50c more Send for one THE INDIAN PRINT SHOP PART OF THE U. S. INDIAN .sCHOOL AT CHILOCCO. OJ{1..A ~~'''''' ...... e~~~~~~~~ What Knowledge Is OJ Most Worth? ii(.ow to li,-e?-that is the essential ~ question for us. .'ot how to Jjye H in the more material sense only, but in the widest sense. The gen eral problem which comprehends eyery special problem is-the right lUling of conduct in all directions and under all circum stance. In what way to treat the body; in what way to treat the mind; in what way to manage our affairs; in what way to bring up a family; in what way to be ha,-e as a citizen; in what way to utilize all those sourc es of happiness which nature supplies how to use all our faculties to the greatest adyantage of ourselyes and others -how to liyecompletely? and this being the great thing needful for us to learn. is. by consequence, the great thing education has to teach. To prepare us for eomplete Jjying is the great funetion which education has to diseharge. and the only rational mode of judging of any educational course i.. to judge in what degree it diseharges such function. E~~ay on Education, Spencer. A TYPICAL GROUP OF' AOVANCED INOIAN STUDENTS. (Phot.o by Journal Camera.) ~bt 1fnbian ~cbool3Journal VOLUME SIX FOR OCTOBER NUMBER ELEVEN THE LACe. TA PUEBLOS By EDGAR K. MILLER WITH PIIOT'OtiRAPIiS BY E. BIt&O .\\"0 R. C.\SSAI>\" F THE Gnited States has a one of the officers of the tribe. They I Palestine the traveler had been to Albuquerque to consult will find it 984 miles their agent, Supt. Allen, regarding southwestof Kansas City some public work. I found the gover and 66 miles west of Al nor-a man of some seventy or eighty buquerque, New Mexico. years-pleasant and affable, and I was Here on the Santa Fe quite surprised at Paisano's general " railroad, not over 100 knowledge and to have the interpreter yards from the track, on insist upon finding me a lodging place a sloping rocky hillside, at Mr. Marmon's. the only frame is built Laguna (meaning lake in the bouse there, before he left me for the Spanish language) the most accessible night-for it was after eleven o'clock pueblo of all the.e wonderful Indian when we arrived at Laguna. villages of the fascinating southwest. I was up bright and early the fol A good picture, taken from the west lowing morning, determined during side, is here gil·en. It is not unlike my short stay, to learn all I could of the others in appearance and charac these people who have been likened teristics, but it- people are known unto Egyptians and Syrians and their particularly as being more modern and home and country to Palestine by progre sive than those of any other many of America's be t writers and pueblo. Here travelers can get a good well-known travelers. idea of the intere-ting Pueblo Indians After adding my name to tho e al of ".ew Mexico by topping over one ready in the''Register of Notable and train. Less Notable Vi itors of Laguna," Taking the "Gnlimited" at Albu kept by Mr. "larmon and containing querque for Laguna one evening, not the autographs of men and women long ago, I wa pleased to find on the who have achieved conspicuous re same train Show-ce-mia, governor of nown in art, science, literature and the Lagunas, Bert Wetmore, his sec political and civil life, I made a detour retary and interpreter. and U1ys'e S. of general survey endin~ up on the G. Paisano, a graduate of Carlisle and roof of the Catholic Cathedral, which, 12 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL LAGUNA PuEBLO, 'EW MEXICO, AS SEEN FROM THE WEST SWE.-CATHEDRAL CA."l BE EES IN UPPER LEFT-HAND CORNER AND SHEEP CoRRALS C'I FOREGBOUND like the one at Acoma, is the most con the pottery they mold, help in public spicuous and intere ting building at work, sell pottery to travelers on all Laguna. It is of the old Spani h Mis trains, carry lunche to the m~n m sion style, made of adobe. Ithas two the fields and water from the spnngs, belfries in which are two old Spanish beside attending to their arduous bells, and on one side of the building, household duties. A stroll througb set in the wall, is a clock dial the streets will convince the tounst made of stone with a hole in the center. that the Laguna woman is always My guide explained how, by inserting busy. t v apeg in this hole, the Indians tell the The houses are one- and two-s or. hour of the day by the shadow the affairs made of adobe, the colo: o~ peg throws. the soil with flat tops which pTOJec , . d are flu- The Lagunas are known as a con over the sides. The \\,n Oil'S . servative, industrious, ,erious, inde onte..or mIca. GeneraII ~' there 15 oned pendent and persevering people. The large' room or two smaller rooms. La - men at home are engaged in farming ders lead from the ground to the sec and stock-raising. They have given ond tier. All the houses entered wereb t ,'th f rniture, U up the native costume, and dress in not over-burdened WI U . .th a chee!') an American-Mexican fashion. The were clean and nea,t WI d ill' women still cling to the old-style blue fireplace in one c?rner.. .I caul t~:SiS dress with shawl and moccasins with pick those wherem trammg of levi buckskin leggins. The women; who ter, wife or mother was mute: Ie of are not noted for their beauty, but for denced in the arrangement or s Y .. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 13 the furnishings. The pueblo boasts no out in the valley each way from kiva, or estufa, but in the center is Laguna. the farthest being Paguate, a plaza whereon is held the fiestas and 10 miles northwest. The tolal popula ceremonies, the principal ones being tion of all these Laguna pueblos is held twice each year. The scarcity of 1384-696 males, 688 females. There water has caused them to build large are aboutZi5families. Outofthis num cisterns on the rocks near the village. ber 742 wear citizens' dress; 303 are They believe in graveyards and hold able to read; 336 speak some english; ceremonies over their dead, putting in 401 are of school age; 1075 have been the grave good things to eat and an baptized; many are Catholics, and the olla of water for use of the spirit on balance Protestants. Aterritorial law its "long journey." None but rela recently passed provides for a $50.00 tives act as pall-bearers. fine for Indians now "marrying" with The pottery made by the women of out the proper license and ceremony Laguna, graceful in form and of many by minister or priest. There were different shapes and decorations, is just two proper marriages in 1905 be not so good as that made at Acoma, fore the law took effect. The census due probably to the fact that the La of 1905 showed an increase in popula guna women have not been able to ac tion of 17 over that of 1904. quire the successful way of firing pot The grant given these people by the tery. Most of this art is sold to pas King of Spain in the year 1689, being sengers on trains stopping at Laguna, afterward confirmed by the Republic of the rest being offered at the trader's Mexico and later by the United States, store. The Government not long ago contains 125,225 acres. This land is sent a representative there with the sandy and clayey and is held by the intention of helping these women to tribe in unity and no land is allotted. overcome this fault, but, I understand The community officials assign to each she met with indifferent success. family desiring it a piece of land, The pueblo, which reminded me of averaging about 9 acres in extent. Jerusalum at the World's Fair, is not The annual cultivation of each is only of ancient origin like Acoma. The I'. acres. There is no timber land. main village has a population of 315 By constructing dams, ditches and res and was founded in the latter part of ervoirs about 35,000 acres can be ir the eighteenth century. The name rigated. They have to date construct was derived from the fact that there ed 46 miles of ditches. was then a lake near by which has now The Lagunas own 1,336 horses, 244 entirely disappeared. burros, 125 mules, 2,940 cattle, 63 hogs, During the last 50 years the popula 20,000 sheep, 1,290 goats, and 890 tion of the original village has been fowls. In 1905 they had in 289 acres separating and locating- nearer their of wheat, 228 acres of corn, 47 acres of work, so that now there are nine sep alfalfa and 19 acres of orchard, melons arate pueblos of this tribe, while and grapes. They also raise beans here and there through the valleys onions and other small vegetables: and on the hillsides are homes occu Their horses are very small and too pied by members who have taken up poor to help much in tilling the land. land near water and live there so that The methods of Laguna agriculture, no time will be lost during the farm more than any thing- else, I presume, ing season. The \;llages are strung reminds noted travelers of the towns 14 THE lNDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL of Narazeth and Bethlehem, and those job, except that prints of their finger of Samaria. Rainless skies, great may often be seen after the wall scarcity of water, the climate, the are dry. sand, the soil-all conditions prevalent The tribe also has district irrigation in desert countries-develop the same officers whose business itis to ketp up customs, the same necessities, the the old and build new irrigation same obstacles. ditche in their districts. They have The Laguna form of government is the power to call on any other mem by the people who elect a set of com ber of the tribe to aid them in this munity officers, and like all other pueb work. The men all willing to do this los, compels each able-bodied mem- work whenever they are called upon. •I• :,I '1' ,, • • • , CEREMO~Y OF THE SA." JOSE FIE-TA OF THE PUEBLOS OF LAGV~A ber of the tribe to do his share of These peope have been gr~tly the public work. They are called citi handicapped in the past by han.ng zen Indians and are subject to the New had to use their ancient and natlve Mexico laws, but have no vote in other implements. They still thresh by than their OIVll affairs. Most of the putting their grain in the bottom of a houses belong to the tribe in unity. corral and turn horse in on it. keep We publish a photo taken while the ing them mOling until the grain settles Indians were building Mr. Cassady's to the bottom. The Government has house, which is tribal property. The recently located a farmer there who · p men do the heavy work, such as haul not only aids them in takmg u the ing the dirt, laying stone or adobe more modern ways of irrigation farro brick, and mixing the mud the first ing but also iss;es to them modern time. The women then grind the ma~hinery and implements from the , sother mud between two stones similar to the Government warehouse suppIJ' d . d an way they grind corn and wheat, until are fast becoming modernize they rna h or work out all coarse peb more progressive. The government . th furnishiDgS• bles, and get the mud thoroughly farmer al 0 Issues e . mixed with short straw. Then they general supplies,. ch'ld I ren 's clothing.. h . taiD t e carry the mud in their hands and shoes etc. necessary to maiD . plaster the walls, making a very neat day schools" which the Ind'Ian Service THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOUR:-'AL 15 has established in each of the five La The names of the schools and the guna districts. teachers are here given: Laguna, Mrs. We present a view of one of these Louise Pilcher; Mesita, Miss Ottilia schools and the clas' attending it. Kessel: Seama, Miss Elizabeth Young; The building is that at Seama. about Paguate, Miss Mary E. Dissette; Par 9 miles southwest of Laguna. I visit aje, Miss Fanny J. Dennis. The first ed this school the day this picture was school established was in 1856 by the taken. The school has 25 students, Baptist Mission Board. Walter G. who come in the morning and stay Marmon, the first Government teach until school is dismissed at 4 p. m. er, was appointed in 1870. Lunch is served them by the Govern The Lagunas have for many years ment at noon, in a building adjacent. taken kindly to schools, and it is Each school building has three rooms, through this fact alone thatthey are so and is presided over by a teacher who progressive, industrious and independ is assisted by a housekeeper. The ent. Many of their sons and daugh Government rents the building of the ters have gone away to some Govern tribe and pays all other additional ex ment school only to return and at once penses necessary to keep it running. give ample evidence that the money it The teachers and housekeepers are all cost Uncle Sam to educate them was appointed by the Civil Service Commis not thrown away. Nowhere have I sion at Washington. I enjoyed this seen so strikingly refuted the general visit to Seama in company with Mr. statement that the majority of Indian Cassady and shall never forget how youth return from school to their good the luncheon tasted which was homes only to "go back to the blan served by Miss Young, the teacher, ket. " and Miss Beardsley, the housekeeper. If you enquire you will find ,that I also vi ited the school at ~lesita and many Laguna men are employed as the one at Paraje with Dr. Todd, the clerks, car inspectors, brakemen, fire Government physician, who is kept men, surveyors, etc., all.d that the busy looking after the health of the Santa Fe railroad has many perma people distributed over the grant. nently employed on its roadbed and in These three school were models of its shops between Santa Fe, New Mex neatness and the students were not ico, and Barstow, Cal. These men ' only intelligent, but seemed exceed earned last year from this railroad ing interested in their work. alone the sum of $42,043.00. Every Besides the Government farmer, the where you can see that this earnest physician, and school employes spok desire to "do something" permeates • en of, there is located there a field the whole community. It is quite matron, Mrs. Babbit. whose duty it is pleasing for one in this branch of the to teach the women and girls the Government Service to go out into modern way of housekeeping, launder the field and note the industry and ing, sewing, and to encourage them successful accomplishments of these in their manner of dress and sanitary returned students who are today the modes of living. She told me she at men and women of the greatest in first had hard work getting them in fluence in their tribe. One of this terested at all, but now has quite a class in laundering and sewing, and number, U. S. G. Paisano, (named begins to see some result of early ef for the great Cival War general when • forts. entering Carlisle) successfully con- 16 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL ducts a general store and ranch at la, foreman in railroad shops, Albuquerque; Aycbe Saracino, field matron; Annie Abner, Casa Blanco. He is a great power laundress, Indian scbool; Hugb Sousea, dis for good with his people. He uses ciplinarian; Walter K. Marmon, surveyor; up-to-date printed stationery, a type George Pradt, surveyor; Ulysses G. Paisano, writer, and buys his goods in car-load storekeeper and ranchman; Julia B. Dorris, lots. He is now building a large ware assistant in Government day school; Marie S. Marmon, assistant in day school; Alice Shef hOllse for his growing business. His field, assistant in day school; How)"ce Seonia, story to me of his early struggles for assistant in day school; William Paisano, sobriety and Christianity among his post-master and storekeeper: Chester Pais people-even among his own family ano, storekeeptr and stock raiser; Yamie -was full of pathos and presented the Leeds, postmaster and farmer; Be ie Goth· ola, general housework, Riverside; Martin real trials and battles necessary to be Luther, storekeeper and farmer; Frank weathered by the student who returns Hudson, outing agent; Fred Xorris, e1era at Carlisle school; ass'-tant5 in railroad shops: James Hiowa, Walter Beardsley, George Paj· sano, Solomon Day, William Burns. HAsKELL. - Belle Marmon, trained nurse; Robert Marmon clerk, general store. . ALBUQUERQUE. - ASSIstants in railroad shops: Juanito Corrillo Charlie Sciow, Eze kiel Cru:ves. J. Smitb, print er, Albuquerbue. Working on the railruad: Jose M. Kukan' ish, Joseph Reed, Thomas An aHa. LAGUNA INDIANS DOING PUBLIC WORK-BUILDING FAR}IER The total number of CASSADY'S HOUSE adult Laguna students to his people with a determination to returned aggregate about two ~un. Eucceed in disseminating some of the dred, who are en~ged in farnung good things absorbed by him during his stock raising, workIng on the rallroad term in a Government school. He and in the car shops. Agreat many has a brother who is post-master of the women who have returned from in the same pueblo, and another who school are married and keeping house, is also a merchant there, in which one can note generally a de To give JOURNAL readers some idea of cided improvement. t assady who as Governmen who these students are and what they Mr.,C leop are now doing, I had Mr. Cassady, to farmer in charge has had amp . IndIans, whom I am indebted for much of the portunity to study these. . _ . 'e hIS VIeW', information above given, make me when asked by me. t0 gn said: up a list of those he could remember, comparing them WIth others, com- giving' the name of school attended "The Laguna Indians generallY, and their occupation. I publish it be pared with other trl'bes I knoW.of, are s . mstance . low. superior in a great man~ is their CARLISLE. -Charles Kie. car inspector; First to be note.d and admlI'ed to work Edwin Gonzales, car inspector; Annie Morton, industry and tIreless enery adverse stenographer; Annie Goyitney Day, teacher faithful and hard, evehn ~ ~:mporarY in public school, Pennsylvania; Walter Anal- circumstances. If t elI' THE L'IDIA.'1 SCHOOL JOURNAL 17 earth-dams wa h out and their crops the hops and elsewhere, at wages fail for lack of water, they do not ex ranging from S1.5O to '2.50 per diem, pre s discouragement, but ha\'e faith and a few are getting even a little to believe that condition \\ill be bet more than that. ter for the next crop, and in a short "Another improvement over other time will be found bu ily engaged in tribes to be noted and commended, is rebuilding, which has to repeated some their inclination to feast and dance times three and foul' times in a year. with less frequency, and at times "I think the Government would do when it does not interfere with or re well to appropriate funds sufficient to tard their general work in the busy .. develop a permanent water supply season. Two principal dances are held for these hard-working Indians. who each year, one in eptember after har labor under condition in which the vest is gathered, and the otherone at white man would become discouraged the first trial. "I do not believe it is well to do for the Indians that which i in their power to do themselves, but when one sees the re sults of mor.ths of labor repeatedly demolished and the crops burning up for lack of irrigation, hi heart goes out in sym pathy for the patient and pre eyering people. and he feels that the time is fully ripe for the Govern A LAG~.·A PUEBLO GOVEIC'loIE:'T CHOOL HOUSE- ment to step in with its AT SEAloIA strong arms of support. "Yery few of the men are seen Christmas. A few other dances are about the village during the day in the held during the year, but usually at farming season, but are engaged in night. the fields from early morning until "They look upon the Government sundown, while women attend the Schools with fa VOl', and as an evidence household duties. carry lunches to the of their sincerity, have, on an aver men in the fields, plaster the houses. age, about 85 per cent of all the La etc. A very small percen age of the guna children of school age either in women are engaged in making pottery the day schools or some boarding to sell at the trains, u ually securing school. most of their pottery in their trading 'Tourists who frequently stop here with the Acoma Indians. invariably express a surprise at the "Aside from the number engaged cleanliness and neatness observed in in farming and stock ra'-ing about most of the houses, and around one hundred are employed by the the village, as compared with other Santa Fe R. R. Co. at Wilson, Ariz., tribes. " Gallup and Albuquerque, '. M., in This article would not be complete 18 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL were I not to mention the courtesies physicians in that he seeks the sick shown me by Mr. Cassady, farmer in and Mr. Jones, the station agent. charge, Mrs. Cassarly; Mr. Weis, the Tourists can be assured of friendly trader; Mr. Worth, his clerk; Mr. accommodations and assistance as Marmon, surveyor; Dr. Todd, the long as these people remain at Lagu physician-who differs from most na Pueblo. MAKO SICA-THE BAD LANDS By Harry Carlton Green RAND and indescribable-these sion. The soil is a white soapy sub Gtwo words give almost as good tance, with layers of soft rock or shale. an impression of the Bad Lands In many places perpendicular peaks as one could use. The first impression and narrow walls are found where the a person gains as he drives to the edge layers of rock, instead of running hor of the bluffs and looks down upon tbe izontally, seem to have turned side handiwork of nature through countless ways and stand in a vertical position. ages, is one of awe and supreme admi Erosion has worn away the land and ration. Aeons upon aeons elapsed has formd deep narrow ravines, the while the transformation of vast land sides of which are inaccessible. Here areas resulted in the magnificent views and there are flat-topped peaks cover which unfold themselves to the visi ed with green buffalo grass and cactus. tor as he emerges from the pine-clad Sometimes the earth around the sides bluffs. of the peaks is washed away, thus . He b~holds ~hite walled cities, Gre forming a vase or an urn. There are cIan rums, ancIent castles with their several different steppes or terraces, minarets, pyramids, peaks and cones, and the receding walls form pictures magnificent palaces which rival the similar to wide cascades. The high great buildings of the Universal Ex est terrace is usually the same level position in size, colors and inspiring as that of the surrounding country. grandeur. Here the Tyrolean Alps North of the Pine Ridge Indian Re~er rise abruptly from the grass covered vation in South Dakota, there IS a prairies, the cascades flow from the high ;all forty-five or fifty miles long, base of the mammoth white cone, WIth.only one .or two passe s where. rd statuary adorn the crest of the per roads can be built. During a bhzza f pendicular walls, while over all silence last May, several thousand head 0 and seclusion reign supreme. cattle were swept over this lofty, per We go up into the mountains but pendicular eminence and killed. we go down into the Bad Lands: In In making an extensive tour of the .. to secure a one grand basin, twenty-five miles Bad Lands It IS necessary ., with wide, stretching for over a hundred ide who is thoroughly famIlIar gu , d water miles along White River, in South the roads, ravines, passes an. may Dakota and Wyoming the bad lands holes. An inexperienced tourIst t have been formed, no doubt, by ero- Journey. for a ml'1e or two and attemp THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 19 to return; in a short time he will real by our pillow we lay down upon our ize that he is lost. Each peak or blankets ready for bears or horse rus cone will appear to)e the one which tlers. About two o'clock the rain he already pas ed, thus luring him came in earnest. When day-break farther into the mysterious depths. drove away the rain and the darkness A short time ago a teacher, who e the bleak gray walls presented a school wa located in the heart of the dreary barrier. Our road seemedtohave Bad Lands,went hunting for mountain come to an end. We started to drive sheep and deer. After strolling for a we tward, around a wall which im while through familiar canyons he peded our away. Soon we decided we suddenly came upon scenes entirely were wrong. Had we persisted in new to him. He wa lost. For two driving around that wall we would days and nights he wandered without have found it nece sary to drive a food or drink. When found he was distance of twenty-five or thirty miles almost a raving maniac. out of our way. For twenty miles we Last August my companion and I followed a dim trail over the dried drove from Pierre, South Dakota, to prairie grass, and had it not been for the Pine Ridge Reservation. We were this dim trail we would probably be informed by an Indian that we would trying yet to get out of that place. pass through some ofthe Bad Lands, For two or three miles our road led us but we did not realize what was before into the winding bed of a dry creek, us. Soon after we reached the reserva just wide enough for the buggy to tionwe could see the white walls and pass; with perpendicular walls on both peaks rising before us. Looking thru sides. Had we met anyone it would an opening between a long wall which have been a case of the Esquimo try stretched away to the east, and a pyra ing to enter the ice house while some mid a hundred yards to the west, we one was trying to come out. At last, thought we saw the level prairie after scaling the outer wall by a series ahead of us. As we passed between of intertwining passes we came upon the wall and the pryamid we were the vast expanse of prairie. As we aware that we had been deceived as by looked back over the territory of two a mirage in the desert. Only by day's travel a lasting impression was means of a good brake on a new Stude imbeded in our memory of these walls baker mountain wagon, drawn by two and peaks, in all their chalky white steady, urefooted ponies, were we ne s, as they rose abruptly against the saved from going down the cliff and blue of the horizon. into the canyon a hundred feet below. Bear, deer and mountain sheep still In tead of emerging upon the broad inhabit some of the native fastnesses. prairie we were in the depth. Dark The eagle soars high above all, and ness was approaching. The clouds were finds a niche for its nest of broken lowering, pierced by the vivid streaks limb and cedar, upon the top of an of lightning. A gloomy picture in inaccessible crag. deed. Finally we happened on to the It i difficult for the hunter to bag site of an old abandoned Indian Day any game. A mountain sheep stand school. Down in a clump of bushes ing on the summit of an impending we found a spring. We picketed the peak, when shot, usually falls on the horses, cooked our supper and preDar other side. The peaks and walls be ed to camp. With a Winchester rifle ing insurmountable it is impossible to 20 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOUR.'AL get the game. The bears inhabit the concerning the formation of the Bad cedar thickets where it is dangerous Lands. As the story impre sed me as for the hunter to go. The underbrush a fitting climax of my visit I will re is so thick that hunters must go single tell it as a conclusion to this de crip file. Not long ago two young men tion: were hunting and came to a path in "A young Indian desired to marrya the thicket. A bear jumped from a beautiful maiden, but the girl's father slight table-land and fell upon one of objected. The young couple decided the hunters. Just as it was sinking to elope. They secured their ponies its claws into the man's flesh, the and dashed away, taking with them a other hunter fired in time to save his comb, piece of soap, and a rock. The friend's life. young man instructed his sweetheart There are several fine ranches locat that if a cloud was seen to he follow· ed in the Bad Lands. A squawman, ing them, she would know it was her whom I know, has the largest herd of father and she should cast one of the cattle on the reservation, grazing up objects behind them to hinder his pro on the level table lands and hay flats gress. Soon they saw the cloud ap surrounded by thi natural scenery. proaching. The girl threw the comb The Indians call this great basin, behind her and the great forests of "Mako Sica" (Ma ko she che; mako Wisconsin and Minnesota sprang up. (land), sica (bad). During one of The two continued westward. In a the Indian uprisings the Sioux fled few days they again beheld the cloud from the soldiers and hid in Mako Si following them. The maiden dropped ca. It was impossible for the soldiers the piece of soap, and the soapy for to follow them. The only thing the sol mations of the Bad Lands of South Da- diers could do was to wait until the In kota and Wyoming were created..i\s dians had eaten their cattle and horses this barrier was impenetrable the run· and then came out because of starva aways gained considerable headway. tion. Finally the cloud went around the Bad While I was standing on the edge of r~: the outer wall of this great chasm in Lands. The girl threw away the the face of nature, my guide, an edu and the Rocky Mountains rose 111 t cated Sioux, told me the Indian myth path of the cloud." GOVER MENT SHEEP DIPPI TG By Edgar K. Miller . fl ks f goats and a recent trip through New Mex through therr oc 0 thou- O ico and Arizona the writer was sheep. Uncle Sam has gone: erect interested in the sheep dips in that sands of dollars of expense .dl'p part of the country erected and main these dips where the Ind'Iansma':thout. tained by the Government through or have dipped, thell'· flocks WI ~o • 10 Of cou'~' the Indian Bureau and Commissioner one cent cost to ?i,l'. .' e' First, Leupp. the reasons for these dIps ar. nds . if f thousa The one great source of life and liv to prevent the dymg o. 0 attacked ing of the Indians in the Southwest is of sheep and goats whIch are THE LillIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 21 • by scabies, ticks, and other diseases. cost the Government 175,00 for dip Second, to improve the quality and ping material. The dip cost $250.00. yield of wool, thereby assisting in a The Indians furnished wood for the way these desert inhabiting Indians. boiler and the necessary labor to oper Third, to show and teach the Indians ate the dip. The dip was made by how to care properly for their flocks Indians, Uncle Sam furnishing most so that the most may be attained from of the material. The swimming vat their sheep, and al 0 to prove that is of cement and will last for years. the dipping process at proper periods The draining pens are of lumber and begets financial results. the dip i enclosed by a stone wall. • These dips are within the jurisdic On the Navajo reservation under tion of Indian Agents and are under Mr. Perry's supervision there are four large plants, one at Ft. Defiance; one at Tohatchi school; one at Wheatfields, 40 miles north of the agency; one at Ganado. The cost to the Government of con truction and material was ap proximately $3,200. The cost to oper ate them will be an additional $1,000. These dips are so located that they are supposed to be in the centers of the largest sheep districts on the res ervation. Educated Indians were operating most these dips. When I was there something like 600,000 head of sheep and goats had been dipped. The Indian~ were skeptical as to re sults at first, but now readily comply with the agent's instructions to pre sent themselves with their flocks and have their sheep dipped twice. At the first dipping each man or woman in charge of the flock is given a slip b'"DUSS OLPPl:Su THEIR BEEP L'\" A. Gonss of paper telling him to return in 10 ltlST SHEEP DIP. to 14 days. It is no uncommon thing the direct supervision of an official to see at these dips Navajos who have sent out from the Bureau of Animal come for 70 miles with hundreds of Industry who sees that each dip is sheep. They must remain near the properly put up and the dipping fluid, dip for over ten days, the time neces which is made of sulphur, lime and sary allowed between dippings, and it tobacco, is rightly mixed and used at is an interesting sight to see these the proper temperature. He also "Bedouins of the Desert" in camp on counts the heep dipped and instructs the.hills adjacent to the dips, waiting the Indians in different ways how to their turn. improve the health of their flocks. The sheep are fed into a long vat of The Government farmer in the La t?e dipping fluid and after being en guna district dipped 30,000 sheep tirely submerged by an Indian with a ... twice in ten da~'s this summer. It forked stick, (see illustration) swims 22 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 100 feet, being in the vat about two dipping vats have been running for minutes. This fluid is heated by steam two years, and much improvement to a temperature of 90 to !OO degrees has been noticed in the flocks. Their for lambs, and 100 to 110 degrees for sheep were badly infected with dis. old sheep. ease, and even the Indians -I learned It was estimated that at leastl,OOO, by inquiring of them-are very much 000 sheep would be dipped at the e elated already over the improved con four dips this year. The flocks will be dipped again next year. dition of their flocks and the anticip On the other side of the mountains, ated increase in amount and quality in Supt. Shelton's district, 25 small of wool which will be shorn this fall. HOW SA~f HO STar CA~fE TO THE CHEROKEE I DIA S THE little boy, Sam, at very imma- When he departed from his friends ture years, growing restive un and embarked in a steamer on the der the restraint of rigid home rule, Cumberland River, the e\~dence of and declaring that he would rather affection presented a scene of touch· "measure deer tracks than tape in his ing tenderness. After along and tire brother's store," forthwith ran to the some journey, he reached the shore Cherokee Indians, who, at that tiJile, near the old chief's wigwam after :-vere his near !Ieighbors, says L. T. S. nightfall and sent a meS'lenger to the In the St. LoUIS Republic. old man to tell him that Coloneh, The The chief, Oolooteka, being capti Rover, was at the landing. vated by the bright, intelligent lad, Oolooteka, with all his family, hast adopted him as his son, and gave ened to meet his adopted son. Em him the name of "Coloneh" ("The bracing him with great aflection, he Rover"). Ever afterward the warmest said: affection existed between the two. "My son, . many moons have gone In the course of time the chief moved since we met and my heart has often from Tennessee to Alabama, and wished to know where your footsteps "Coloneh" returned to his own home. beat the path; and then I heard you Years .passed, and many honors were a great chief among your, O\\~ were won by "The Rover" in his na people and held the big councils ti!e State.. Finally, in the height of vour braves. hiS populanty and happiness, he was - "After this my heart grew sad, for e I ected Governor 0 f Tennessee. I heard that adark cloud had fallen on Then a shadow, sacred, yet unreveal the white trail you were walking, and crosse~ I wanted to take your hand and lead ed, his life and changed the . you turn- tenor of hiS way. you out to the light agam. Resigning the Gubernatorial chair ed your thoughts to my wigwa~. o~ Tennessee, he detennined to wend The Great Spirit told you. I am gla, . hiS steps to the wigwam of the old You have many wise counsellors,~.~ Cherokee, his adopted father, where our country but we have none. "t Y 'G t Spll'1 he was assured of a welcome greeting are in trouble, and the . rea nd take and hearty blessing. sent you to us to be our fnend a THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 23 trouble away from us. Our hearts are tbe first time was brougbtinto contact witb a near to you, and you will tell our sor large gatbering of tbe Indian members of the cburcb. rows to the Great Father, General In addition to Bishop Johnson, more tban Jackson. thirty ministers of tbe church, both white and "My wigwam is your home; my Indian, are attending the convocation, during people are yours; your blanket and wbich they are scbeduled to make addresses to buffalo robe hang on the deerhorn; tbe assembled Indians. Practically every res ervation in tbe two Dakotas, and some of come, rest with us." the reservations in Nebraska, are represent Such a greeting softened the bitter ed in in the big gatbering of red people. It gloom that the la t few weeks had is said that Wyoming and Montana also are brought to The Rover's heart; he was represented by Indians. at rest and at home at last. These annual gatberings are among tbe most picturesque held in the United States. The chief was rich in flocks and It is the custom of the Indians to place their herds and lived on a large plantation, tepees in a large circle surrounding the place worked by servants that he owned. where the meetings are to be beld. It takes Living like the patriarchs of old, simp a large number of tepees to accommodate ly, abundantly, hi tent and his bounti so large a gatbering as that at Santee agency. The sigbt of the great circle of ful board were always welcome to vis tents, with the tbousands of Indians passing itors and friends. about them, is an inspiring one. The venerable chief was tall and The services and meetings, which are simi straight and exhibited none of the lar to these of any diocesan convocation, are feebleness of age. With courtly grace held in a convention hall erected for tbe pur pose, roofed and with the altar enclosed, but he moved among his people and presid the other three sides of the building open. ed at their council fires with the dig Tbe Dakota language is used throughout, and nityof a king. tbe eloquence of the native priest, wbile not While among them, Sam Houston understood by tbe white visitors, frequently studied the Indian character with that reached bigb enthusiasm, though the entbusi asm of his fellow tribesman burned beneatb thoughtfulne s that made his knowl a stolid, impassive exterior. edge of it almost perfect. His mastery Tbis impassivity was broken, bowever, bv of the terse language and restless the entbusiasm of tbe women wben they an thought of untutored minds displays nounced that they had brougbt witb them as great skill in employing Indian phrase tbeir yearly offering $3,000, and wben tbey ology, indicative of rare genius. made an offering of this amount in actual money. This money does not represent tbe entire offering of tbe women to tbe funds of DAlOIA'S mDlAN CONVOCATION. tbe Woman's Auxiliary. The women of Stand ing Rock, one of tbe wildest of tbe tribes, Every year tbe Sioux Indians of tbe Da contributed $"..iiO to this amount. This year kotas and Nebraska join in a large Episcopal is only the second time tbe women bave beld convocation under tbe leadership of Bishop aUXIliary meetings of tbeir own at the con Hare. The following from the Sioux Falls vocation. One feature of the gathering is tbe large papers describes thi year's meeting: feast .given by tbe Indians. The entire com Saturday, September 15th was tbe big day pany IS seated in a lary:e circle on the ground, of the annual convocation of tbe Episcopal and the Indian damtIes, fried bread boiled Indians of Soutb Dakota and adjoining tates, meat and ~nned to~atoes (uncooked), are served. This year pIe was an important item which for the past three days bas been in ses of the feast. sion at the Santee Jodian Agenc)', •'eb., just The language of the Dakotas, whicb is used across the Missouri river from pringfield, entirely t~ugbout the services and meet Soutb Dakota. lOgS. IS particulary interesting to philologists Tbe head of tbe cburch was represented at or tbose casually acquainted witb other lan guages. In addition to its own weird vowel the convocation by Bishop Johnson, of the combm.3tJons. It bears a surprising testimony city, coadjutor to Bishop Hare. who thus for to the mfluence of both Frencb and German. TWO VIEWS OF THE ANNUAL SIOUX EPr CO PAL CO VOCATIO" S OF DAKOTA SERVICES ON THE PRAIRIE, NEAR ROSEBUD A "WOMAN'S MEETING," NEAR ANTELOPE CREEK - THE BEGL \ TL TG OF OSAGE TRIBAL LIFE By Kate Pearson Burwell IT IS very much the custom of to- the writer asked of one of their num day to accept the Indian as we ber -a woman "that the Osages find him; to leave unquestion have so much land, and many other ed the steps in hi evolution tribes so little?" from the Indian of yester "I do not know about other tribes," day, and with a passing re said she, "but I do know how the mark or thought on the sub Osages got theirs. They just took it ject of how a beneficent and kept it." government is feeding so It may be as many claim that in a thankless an individual on the fat of state of nature, labor is the only true (he land, leave him alone with his measure of title to property-the deer lost dynasty on the continent he once to him who hunts it, the fish to him owned and the certain dissolution to who catches it and the land to him who ward which he is surely and rapidly tills it, but as in various other success tending. The question, however may ful ventures of today, broad acres, in have occurred to many as to why some the past, have been his who discover Indians are rich and others are poor; ed them and held them in the face of the Osages for example, rolling in great odds. • wealth while other tribe have noth "Osages have always been feared ing to their credit, except as the gov by other tribes, " said my Osage ernment ha seen fit to suppl~' their friend, "to such an extent that no needs, other tribe would live near them for Once the Indians may have been any length of time. He has not war socialists to the extent that as they red against the whites, but he fought . looked out and measured distance his Indian brothers. In the past he from the sun's rising to its setting, has been a thief with which no mod they realized that no man was better ern pickpocket or ordinary city coun than his neighbor, but certain as it is cil could compete. He could almost that Rockefeller's millions swell his steal a horse from under its rider and coffers, while the meager pay of the the rider be unconscious of the iden tool dres er who has helped to make his tity of the transgressor. It was so • fortune swells not even his purse in all things, little and great. Neigh just so certain do the same qualities boring tribe feared the Osages to prevail in the wild man's life, which such an extent that they gave them makes one Indian count his wealth in all the room they wanted. The land five figures and another in two or became unoccupied, hence free. The three. Then what doe it mean for Osages were hunters and their do the Osage tribe of yesterday that to mains gradually came to have wider day a con ervative estimate places boundaries. Being brave they held their holdings at about thirty thou their new possessions and maintained and dollars per capita? their rights against other tribes. But "How do you accountfor the fact?" that time is past," said my friend so- 26 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL berly, "for the white man came-a has endeavored to preserve the tradi - greater thief-and beat the Osage at tions of the people. There are a few his own game. When they establish cases of tattooing on throats and ed the first mission school for the chests, which may be parts of the Osages in this country, they sent a symbolic chart, furnish~d by Red fellow out from Washington who Corn, a half breed Osage, to Owen made a great speech about our send Dorsey, several years ago. This chart ing our childern to school and teach in fac-simile was printed in the Eth ing them to learn to read and write; nology report of that year. Various to quit tealing and to learn white traditions are founded on thi chart, man's ways. Ches y Kopeck heard all of which are interesting. him (you know Chessy, he's on the Under a river drawn at the left of reservation yet). He used to steal too, the chart and called the River of Life but when that fellow got through, is a large star. Next are six stars; Chessy said, and he wa disgusted then the evening, and la t, the small too: star. Beneath these four are the "White man's ways! Not steal! The seven stars (Pleiades) between the Osage steal, but he quit; the white Moon at the left and the Sun at the man beat him. We keep our child right. Still below are the peacepipes ren. They no need white man's at the left and the hatchet at the ways." right. A bird hovers over the four Perhaps it is due to the disposition upper worlds, represented by paralel of Chessy's brotherhood thatthey have horizontal lines, each of which except been enabled to keep up with their the lowest is supported by pillars. white rivals in the art of larcenv-, and This however rests on a red oak tree. have gone their Indian neighbors one As the tradition goes, the journey better in holding on to their broad of the first of the race began at a acres in the face of confirmed opposi point below the lowest upper world. tion. The people, existing in some unkn~wn It is doubtful if a great number of shape had neither souls nor bodIes. the younger Osages realize how great After travelling through the four up a part tradition has played in their per worlds and vainly imploring a . lives. When the writer asked ques sistance from the black bear, the tions as to marriage being forbidden stars, the Moon, the Pleiades, the between certain clans, the law of he Three Deer, the Morning Star, and reditary descent of chieftainship, and the Small Star, they appealed to the certain privileges attaching them male red bird who gave them souls selves to the initiated, also the mean from the bodies of birds. Returning ing of the number seven, if any, an to the first upper world they found educated Osage responded in a quite the female red bird who had been disinterested manner' moving and was itting on her nest. "Oh, yes," said he, "I Suppose and to her the first of the race came there a,re such things, but the young savmg: er IndIans know nothing about it and :'Ho, grandmother! The children the old ones don't talk about them." have no bodies." . d Nevertheless there are without Chanting her reply, the red bIT doubt old men living, members of a took pity and supplied them with bod· secret society of seven degrees which ies from her own. At the foot of the THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL red oak tree the ground was covered goose skin to be carried on the hunt with verdure. and here the people ing road as well as on the war path, took branching path-; some going as but otter skin standard are retained Peace gentes to the left, taking no as well. life, but subsisting on roots: the others Another tradition of the White going as war bands to the right. to Beaver makes the war gens originate kill animals for food. The black bear from the water, so that they have soon became the devoted servant of manv ceremonies referring to the the Peace gentes and found them sev beaver as a water animal. en skins which were used for tents. The Osage camping circle with its Then the people found four kinds of fourteen fireplaces lends significance rock - black, blue, red and white. In to the tradition where the people the naming of a child four stones are went their way from the foot of the heated for the weat bath. tree Wacace or War on one side; Soon four buffalo bulls came to the Tsicu or Peace on the other. There people and rolled each in his turn. were seven skins for tents furnished As they rolled, from the hind leg of by the black bear, which accounts for the first, an ear of red corn and a the seven fireplaces on either side. pumpkin fell; from the second an ear Every squaw, in the old days. knew of spotted corn and a spotted pumpkin; without direction or suggestion where from the third an ear of dark corn to pitch her tent or build her lodge and a dark pumpkin, while the corn to preserve the order of the Camping and pumpkin which dropped from the circle. The Hankas are provided for hind leg of the fourth were white. on the War side of the Camping cir So the first of the race said that these cle, but in order to keep the original would be good for the children, as it seven the seven war fireplaces were would cause their limbs to stretch counted as two and the Hankas as and their strength to increase. five. Another fragmentary tradition The leading families on either side states, that as the peopl~ journeyed, from which chiefs were chosen in the the blackbear brother saw a man' old days were called Wactake, or trail, and soon after he saw another. Peacemakers. If sickness occurred They proved to be the trails of two among children of the war side appli young men, who said they were Han cation wa made to the Peace Wac kas and not afraid of work. Soon take or head chief for relief. If the after they approached a \;llage and illne occurred on the Peace side the made peace. The village leader said: head chief on the War . ide was con- "We have some people come to u . ulted. Great respect has always and we will make them our chiefs." been paid to the office of Head Chief. So the two Hanka young men were In many tribes he may not go to war made chiefs and sent out to look for or do service of any kind. While the a suitable place where all might dwell. office of chief attaches itself to certain as the viliage wa filthy and offensive families, it is nOl always strictly he from dead bodies. The first council of reditary. If a man in an eligible kin the Osage nation was held to decide at ship band has shown great prowess what place to dwell. Four standards killed many buffaloes on the hunt, or were made by the War gens-two for touched a living enemy, he is in many each side of the tribe-of swan and case cho en chief over others in di. T T 28 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL ect line, when a vacancy occurs in the Compulsory education and as ocia office. It is cause for indigtJation tion with the whites have doubtless among the older Osages that some caused the variations which today have usurped the position, who have exist in the scheme of tribal life, as not the prerogative of blue blood compared with that of even twenty I" even. An Osage, speaking of the five years ago. The number of kin matter, said to the writer: ship bands now existing are even "There are chiefs now on the reser teen and bear no reference to either vation who got their offices by hav peace or war. New favorites have ing a little education and being smart arisen to lift new standard to which enough to get a few followers around numbers flock and the old mathemat them. " Referring to one particular ical system is becoming disorganized. instance where an Indian higWy re A little excitement still prevails over spected by white people had become the filling of the place of a dead lead I chief, my informant said: "I know er of his band, and figuratively the all his people and they are mighty pipe still passes in the council room, common people at that; he's no chief but the doings of the council are in at all, by rights. It used to mean some English and open to those who are in thing to be chief, but it don't any terested enough to attend. Indian more." interpreters furnish mouth to the Some people claim that up to the councillors, who are mostly old men coming of the whites there were no and understand no English. The chiefs, but any basis for this supposi death of the Osage council, probably tion we have been unable to discover. twenty-five years hence will be tbe One fireplace of the Hanka com last step from the wild man to his prises two which sing the war songs, dissolution. When the council fires and Owen Dorsey's notion is that are ashes the Osages as a tribe will time may show that these songs are have ceased to exist. When the old substantially those of the seventh men die it will not matter, for the degree of the Osage society. Recogni young will not care. II zed law among Osages, as among other Already white man's politics and Siouan tribes is the law of kinship. graft are coming to prevail in the By this law marriage rights and du council elections. A chief, second ties of the tribe are regulated. The chief and eight councillors chosen for chiefs who were chiefs in the old one year, transact business for the way were civil and religious leaders. nation. Two parties, t~e Osag: an~ The oolicemen were their servants Progressive, have nommated ticke and the young men were those undis for the past two years, and there has tinguished in any way. A study of been some party feeling. The struggle the camping modes of the various re has been between the new and the old, lated tribes hows variations only in but the new has prevailed. detail, and the numbers four 'and The name of one council member of seven are often noted. The horse is . wer of the Progressive party III po II held in high veneration and is a favor last year, was this year taken f~m ed present to their guests when the the ticket on account of his bemg O.~l?;es are. extending hospitality to VISiting tribeS. There is no refer charged with selling his vote to sec~e ence! .however to the horse in the the granting of an oil lease by t e 't man who tradition. council. However, the whI e I THE L'lDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 29 acted as intermediary, secured the the selling of a vote which belonged biggest money, so that after all as to his people, but progress demands, our Indian friend would say, "The perhaps, that the far call be answer Indian best lay low, the white man ed. May we venture to hope that Lo beat him on the graft. " may bring up somewhere once again, It is a far call from the nesting of a beside the red bird who had been bird soul in the body of the first of moving on her nest and gave him a the race, with the chanting of rivers body, and the mate who, singing in and red oak trees, on down to the re the top of the red oak tree, gave a proach of the ugly word "graft" and soul to the First of the Race. • KIT CARSON By C. .J. Crandall HALF century ago there wa not with his parents when a small boy to A a hamlet or city in the midJe west the state of Missouri. Kit grew up on and east that had not heard and the frontier, never attending even a knew of Kit (Columbus) Carson. His country school for any length of time, name was on every tongue, as it were, but became famed when a young man for he above all others, was responsi as a trapper and hunter. He had an ble for that masterful expedition of older brother, [oses Carson, who in Fremont's which crossed the Great later years visited Kit at Santa Fe. American de ert and wrested Cali Moses Carson, or Mose as he was fa fornia from Mexican control; set up miliarly called, was likewise a trapper the stars and stripes on new territory and hunter. At the time of his visit, never to be taken down. when Kit was about to return to his The name of this pioneer, guide, home at Taos, he informed his brother soldier and general is seemingly soon Mose that he must buy some shoes for· to be forgotten. Carson City, 'evada, his children, whereupon the elder alone bears his name, and few stop brother remarked that it was all non to think that it was named for Fre sense bu:t;ng shoes for children, that mont's guide. Tho e who knew Car he never had a pair of shoes till he son best, whose memory goes back to was old enough to work and buy them the early days in the west-and they himself. are now few in number-incline to the It has been said that Kit Carson belief that Carson did more to make a was a nephew of Daniel Boone, but I name for the Pathfinder than Fre have no way of proving this statement. mont did for himself. The first known of Carson in the west Little is known of the earlj' hi tory was at Fort Bent on the Arkansaw, of Carson ~xcept that he was born in where he was employed as a bunter Kentucky, somewhere from 1802 to for the Fort. Carson had trouble with 1 11':. His best friends now living say a. French trapper and hunt~r, who it ~nat Carson did not know hi exact IS alleged was caught stealing a beav age. He was one of the youngest of er from Carson's traps. This led to a large family of children, and moved a trapper's duel, which simply means 30 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL that Carson shot the Frenchman on could control a company of wild un the spot. Thus it became necessary disciplined men. The success of the for Carson to leave Fort Bent, where Pathfinder was all dependent on this many Frenchmen were employed, and one man, whose modesty, courage, he made his appearance at Fernandez and knowledge of men and conditions de Taos, or as it i commonly known, made it possible for him to win, and Taos (pronounced Touce), in the prov Fremont's starof greatness which be ince of New Mexico, then under the gan to raise at that time, so thatin 1856 control of Mexico and ruled by a Gov he become the Republican candidate ernor General stationed at Santa Fe. for the presidency, may well be Upon his arrival in Tao he first ob said to have been started by Carson. tained employment, strange as it may Carson wa recognized, not only at seem. of a Frenchman, one Beau\'ian, Taos, but throughout New Mexico as who was one of tho e early French the leading military spirit. He led fur traders to penetrate the far west, many expeditions against the warring and into a foreign country. From the Indian tribes, and was always success time of his settlement at Taos till the ful. To Carson belongs the honor of time of the Mexican war Carson was subjugating the Navajoes, the most engaged in various pursuits, but dis formidable and largest of the western tinguished himself particularly as a tribes. How well he accomplished hunter and Indian fighter. He be this difficult task may be understood, came prominent with the Mexicans at when after forty years and more, I can Taos and was married February 6, 1843 state truthfully thattheNavajoes have in his home town in the Catholic ever since been at peace with the church to Maria Josepha Jaramilla, a whites. He burnt their villages, Mexican woman of good family. He destroved their fields, made captive raised a family of six children, none of me~, women and children, all of of whom, however made enviable rep which was necessary to break the utations for themselves. ~one of pirit of the dangerous element and Carson's children nor grandchildren hindrance to western civilization. are living at Taos. When the Civil war broke out Car Carson piloted Fremont's expedition on was commissioned Lieut. Colonel of across the mountains via Salt Lake to ••ew Mexican volunteers; wa later California and returned by the south made Colonel, and mustered out of the ern route. In addition to being the service as Brigadier General. His regI guide for Fremont, he employed hunt ment was at the battle of Val\'erde, ers and fruntiersmen who largely and tho the Federals were defeated. constitued the command under Fr~ they made a gallant stand against \'et mont. Many quarrels and difficulties erans of the Southern Confederacy. arose among the men: discipline was Carson's regiment was never out of lax, and orders were often disregard the Territory, but did excellent wo.rk, ed, and had it not been for the mild as the battle of Glorietta was an 1,"1- temper, gentle manner, natural lead pouant.victory . for the.North, which ership and diplomacy of Carson this meant that the South could not extend . 'f' the ex~teme expedition would have been disband the war mto Cali orma or I ed before it ever reached Califorma. Western states. ood Carson was the dominating spirit the Carson was recognized as a g real general in charge, who ~one officer and soldier; was respectedb\' . THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 31 his brother officers and all that knew was buried at Fort Lyon, and after him; while a man of little education, wards within one year removed to Taos he possessed excellent judgment; he where it was buried in the protestant was not given to drinkinl!: and carous cemetery. A monument has been ing, so common in early days. He erected at Santa Fe by the old soldiers was Indian Agent at Taos before the to the memory of Kit Carson. A war, in the years 1 '3-4 for the Utes suitable head-stone was planted at and Apaches. the head of his grave in Taos with this Carson was well and favorably known plain inscription: "Kit Carson. Died in Santa Fe, where he was a member ~lay 23, 186 ; age 59 years. " Curio of the .1asonic fraternity. ~lontazu hunter have carried two headstones ma Lodge Number One of Santa Fe away piecemeal, and the third one now owns the favorite rifle carried by has been hacked and chipped, tho a Carson on his trip with Fremont to warning is posted that any deface California, and takes great pride in ment of this stone will be severely showing same to visiting brothers. punished. Those that were companions of Car In going to the cemetery at Taos son have mostly crossed the divide; a one passes the adobe home of Kit few remain, and of these may be Carson, neglected and unoccupied, un mentioned Charles Scheurich and Capt. less perchange a stray burro finds Simpson of Taos. Col. Bergmann, an his way inside. The heavy wooden other old timer still living in New doors were closed when I last passed, Mexico, 'vas a companion and intimate the shutters creaked on their iron friend of Carson. hinges, and a degree of sadness come Carson died at Fort Lyon in 1868. over us to think that the home of Scheurich of Taos, who by the way this maker of history in the west should was married to a neice of Carson's be now so neglected, and the present wife, was present at his death and held owner come into his title by a tax sale. the hand of Carson. He always called It would seem a fitting tribute to this Scheurich by the familiar and friendly builder of western states if the Car name, Compadre. Just before he died, son home could be bought and proper about eight in the evening, Carson ly kept in honor of the greatest man called out to Scheurich, "Compadre, of his time to whom the west owes I am going, good bye." His body much. ABOUT THIS TIME OF YEAR- By ISABEL ~lcAaTHrR. A bright, cool day. in the early fall, Reminds me of something- I can't reeall .'or where we were-nor what was said And-was it .·ed or Fred or Ted- I know I was happy, and he was there But now, ;;:ho ;;:ll.! it-I declare- It mw;t have been Will, or Was it Joe- .'ow it might have been Sam-'Twas but one, I know But a bright, cool day in the early fall, Remind. me of some thing I can't recall. c7>10SES IRON c7>10CCASIN, VL- • S"10UX Ind"lan student who has attracted much attennaD" as a member of tbe Bass Section of the Cbilocco Indian Concert Band. • THREE LTDIAl T TYPES By Frances Densmore With Photographs hy lhe .\uthor NA village of the Chippewa, in till how the hearts of the north coun I northern Minnesota, I had the try dream of a summer land, and try • pleasure of meeting three In to borrow its beauties. dians who were each character With due respect we listened while istic of a phase of Indian de Caribou told us that the high altar cost velopment, The se Ind ians $200 and was brought many miles oyer were Caribou the guide. Shingi the trail; and that the price was far bis the Grand Medicine man, too high, for it was but pine painted and John 111--the progres white. We placed a coin on the alms sive farmer. Each was courteou and ba in and watched Caribou with many responsive, and in our short acquaint genuflections present it to an im ance showed freely the natural trend age of the Virgin, and then put it in of his thought, while together they his pocket, to be later handed to the formed a study of universal interest. keeper of the key for final disposition. My sister was with me when I Later, as we sat in the shade of his sought the house of Caribou. It was log house, he told us of little Annie's a one-room log house, and beside the mother who died a year before, and door, in the shade of a canvas, his he showed us her photograph, which aged mother was making "dolls" from Annie brought carefully wrapped in a spruce root, soaking the long fibers large piece of pink outing flannel. It and winding them firmly on stiffer was one of the stiff po e of the coun sections of the root. A fresh deer try photographer. but it represented a skin was stretched to dry on a frame long journey to a Canadian town, and against the hou e. Caribou's little it was art to Caribou. The eyes of girl was playing near by, and willing the big Indian guide filled witb tears ly summoned her father, who welcom as he looked again at the face of little ed us cordially and offered to show Annie's mother, and he put his arm us the inside of the little Romish affectionately around the little girl, Church, this being to his mind, the 'clumsily trying to arrange her twisted most interesting sight in the "Chippe hair as he told us how much she need way City." It stood next his house, ed her mother, and how hard he was and with evident pride he turned the trying to do the best he could for her. squeaking key in the door and hade These were glimpses of Caribou us enter. It was uch a church a the himself. The balsam he cut for u , Fathers build for their forest children, the birchbark canoe which he made profu e of decoration and lavish of comfortable for us with springy images. For Ea ter Day thp brown boughs, the trail through the wood fingers had fashioned wreaths of ti and along the lake hore, were partof sue paper flowers and festooned them hi environment, -anyone who visits along the walls next to the low ceil "Chippeway City" may see them, ing; therp. they were till clinging, without the aid of an Indian guide. a little tone here and there, like half Caribou had his failings, but they forgotten Easter prayers, but showing were the typical failings of an Indi- 34 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL fluttered around us, but my thought were not entirely on the beauties of nature. Caribou would often look over his huge shoulder, and say resas uring Iy, "Don' be 'fraid, little farther noll', just little farther." They say that one never knoll' the Indian until one trust him, but the acquisition of this knowledge has its drawbacks. At la t we reached the farther edge of the woods, eros ed a little stream and ascended a knoll to the camp of Shingibis. We were fortunate in find ing the entire family at home and ready to grel't us. The camp consisted of two wigwams made of cedar bark. with sheet of CARIBOU, THE GUIDE birchbark for the roofs. There was also a log house occupied by the daugh an in his stage of development. He ter of Shingibis, who evidently cared little for the white man'.s kind aspired to another life. I had made of work, -why should he want a farm inquiries in the town concerning when the range of theforestformany Shingibis and found him to be highly day's journey was all his own? The respected there. He held himself en white people told us of his good reputa tirely aloof from the Romish Indian tion for the sterling Indian virtues who lived together in the settlement of honesty and reliability, and it was called "Chippeway City," and he was said that no hunting party returned everywhere known a a "heathen In without moose if Caribou was their dian. " Yet he was a man of sturdy guide. uprightness, whose word was a good We were not after moose, but we as a white man's bond. and who was were hunting Indians, and Caribou free from the chain of habit that was was anxious to do the honors. dragging poor Caribou downward .. ~e .Would we like to go and see hingi was a member of the Grand Medlcme bls the Grand Medicine man who liv Lodge and had attended a meeting of ed in the woods? Of COlm'e we would' that mystic organization a few we~ks so he came the next morning to tak~ previous at a village twenty .mlles us to call upOn Shingibis. away. Shingibis held to the old ~deals The trail to the Shingibis residence and faithfully lived the native hfe, was longer than I expected. Deeper he never saw a white man until after and deeper we went into the woods he was twenty years old, - why should and I preferred to see the big India~ he discard the ways of his fathers and walking in front, rather than to hear follow these new acquaintances? have him crunching along behind me. It Howe\'er, he was pleased t0 . was.a pretty path. The wild rasp his picture taken and summoned hIS berries were npe, and the big gorge good WIfe,.'Bear's Grease, to her place ous butterflies of the north-country at his side. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 35 On important subjects we called on the beauties of a rabbit- kin blanket for Caribou as interpreter, but he was which he had made the previous wint so deeply absorbed in the society of er fc r m\' hostess, Mrs. Clans Hanson. Shingibis' daughter that I seriously After considerable circum-locution que tioned his disinterested motives I returned cautiously to the ubject of in bringing- us there. hingibi' Eng Indian mu ic. "When do you sing?" I lish wa a little more fluent than my asked most politely. Shingibis waved Chippewa, so he gracefully did his his hand in the direction of a church best with the white man's language. pire which pricked the di tant green, I talked of Indian mu ic and show and replied, "White man goes to ed him the Grand Medicine ong which church over there. I don't go to I always carry as a kind of charm in church. Have Indian church at home. the Indian country. It was written I sing when I have Indian church." on a piece of a brown paper bag, by "How often do you have Indian a reformed medicine man, and is sup church?" I a ked posed to be an excellent likeness of "Oh, ometimes. ~Iay be I could the clans on their way to the Medi have it tonight." 0 it was arranged cine Lodge. for thatevening. I asked Shingibis if he knew the Remembering the length of the hunting songs that have magic power trail I asked to bring a chaperone, and over the animals. A quizzical smile noting the fact that it was to be an crossed his kindly face as he replied evening service I asked permission to with appropriate gestures that when bring my friend, the cashier of the he went hunting he did not sing. but bank. It was finally settled that five kept very still, took good aim and could come, the price, the length of shot the game. Slightly crestfallen the session and the houra were care I changed the subject, and descanted fully rehearsed, and Caribou once A CHIPPEWAY HO;llE. -SHIKGIBIS WITH HI WIFE A1'O DAUGHTER. CARIBOU IS STANOL~G. 36 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL more guided us along the narrow de \'iou way, even taking us a trifle far ther than was necessary so that we might call upon some of his relatives. I remember especially one elderly relative who kept seven dogs, each at war with all the others. It was there that I saw hread baking in skillets be side the camp fire, while a blackened pail of coffee or soup wa swinging over the blaze. One skillet was in the ashes, while the other was in the branches of a bush on the opposite side of the fire, which settles forever the question of the lightness of Indian bread. That evening we went to Shingibis' "Indian Church," and the cashier of CARIBOU'S MOTHER MAKL'G DOLLS OF the bank, not being under any finan SPRUCE ROOT cial arrangement, took us by a short cut of a few hundred feet from the book,-it would have seemed a sacri public highway. lege. Shingibis sang one after an Shingibis was watching for us, and other, beating the tom-tom with the ushered us into one of the wigwams, curved stick in his right hand and motioning us to seats on a cot which shaking steadily the Grand Medicine extended along one side, and intro rattle in his left. ducing us to Blue Sky and one or two During the pauses I would occasion other Indians who sat on the opposite ally beg Blue Sky to get hingibis to side. Around the firespace in the tell us what the songs were about, center were·fresh sprigs of arbor-vitae but his replies were evasive to the laid carefully on the ground. Shingi point of statesmanship. The only def bis seated himself upon orne bright inite information I was able to ac splint mats at the end of the wigwam. quire was that they were. a~ut Beside him was a wooden box, upon animals. During one song hI wife, which stood a nickel alann clock and Bear's Grease, danced solemnly in the a small kero elle lamp. Before him middle of the wigwam. stood his Grand Medicine tom-tom, An age-long religion was there, b.ut with its top of soft brown deerskin. we were admitted to only the Gentile We sat in respectful silence until court of its temple. Shingibis was ready to begin. Shingibis at last looked at the ala:m There was an atmosphere of sincere clock and announced that "IndIan reverence in the dusky wigwam, and Church" was finished. . who can say that the worship of Blue Sky then told us that the Wife Shingibis did not reach Him to whom of Shingibis had a request to make. the white man prays with pomp of The position of the lamp on the wood ceremonial? en box was such that we could see her The songs were full of wild beauty but were ourselves in the shadow, but I did not attempt to use a no~ would we be willing to have the box THE l."DIA.."1 SCHOOL JOURNAL 37 placed in the middle of the wigwam, There were certain points of inter so that she could see our faces? We est which we had not seen-could he readily consented, and she looked us direct us? He seemed to think we had all over with true feminine curiosity. gone some distance out of our way to There was much good humored com ask such a simple question, but he ment, duly (and I trust correctly) gave the desired direction most cour translated by Blue Sky, and she gave teously, We lingered a little with us each a name suggested by some some of the small talk which steals so individuality of dress or feature. much of the white man's time and A good sincere soul was Bear's John M-- took hig watch from Grease from Beaver Bay. That morn his pocket, looked at it and said signif ing I wanted to take her picture at a icantly, "It is three o'clock." Then washtub which stood at a picturesque he looked up at the sun and out across corner of the log house, and she in his field of hay. si ted upon getting oap and putting We said with alacrity that we must water in the tub, so that the picture hasten on our way to the graveyard, should be quite correct. -which was the point of interest we It was with some regret that I bade wereseeking, -and took our departure farewell to the little group of Indians with an added respect for our brown in the hollow of the forest. brothers and a glimpse of their pos Through the pmes where theshadows sibilities under conditions of deyelop slept we took our homeward way, feel ment. ing that we left behind us a bit of the Three Indian types, -the Grand old poetic life that was here before Medicine man, who represents the the white man came, and of the con best of the native life, the Indian tented restfulne which the white guide who stands at the parting ofthe man has chased across a continent, ways, and theindustrious farmer, who but which ever eludes his grasp. has travelled far along the trail from "you should see John ~1-- be the Indian Land of Yesterdav., to the fore you go away," said our hostes , Land of the White ~1an's Tomorrow. Mrs. Clans Hanson. Having another day at our dispos J.p', Trdlis Ordwds. al we wended our way once more to Prooably none but a Japanese would think "Chippeway City," and knocked at ofgrowing an apple orchard on trellises. Ap the thrifty farmer's door. No one ples have been grown in Japan for only about thirty or forty years, having been introduced was within, but we saw evidence of into that country from the United States. progress everywhere;-a ewmg ma The Japanese seems to want an apple vine chine, a cabinet organ and elaborately yard rather than an apple orchard and has framed pictures. haped his course accordingly. The farmers ·Inquiring from the neighbors we dis of that couotry find it much easier to build such a trellis tban would our farmers; for the covered the fact that John M- reason that he has an abundance of tbat won was in the hay field. derful tree, the bamboo, which is admirably It was a long tramp. but at la t we SUIted for such work as treilis building. The found John M--, swinging his Japanese farmer trellises bis pear trees also scythe in the long gra s of the mead cutting off the trunks at about six feet froU: ow. He was a handsome Indian, the ground and extending the hranches later Iy. ume of the pear trees so trellised have standing with hat pushed back as he immense trunks and have reached an age of answered our questions. over 100 years. A SHORT SKETCH OF THE OKLAHO~lA WICHITA INDIA T TRIBE F ALL the Indians who inhabit orchards around their homes, in which O Oklahoma the Wichita are the are included peaches, apples and pears. most law·abiding, peaceful When these crops are good, the In and industrious. The total dians sell them to the whites and show population on their former considerable ability in driving a stiff reservation, which wa bargain. As a rule the Wichita saves opened to settlement five hi money, not bartering it for tinsels years ago, was but 956, and trinkets and whisky. Around each of this number included the their small homes there is aI 0 usually a Caddos, a remnant of the Delawares, patch vf corn and vegetables and some and the the odds and ends of several of them have even amas'ed consider other almost depleted tribes. All able wealth, for Indians, from the sale these, however, have in a great meas of cattle and hog raised on their allot ure accepted the manner of life of the ments. Wichitas and are to all intents and pur The Wichita were among the first poses members of that tribe. to realize the value of an education The distinctive feature about the and their children were sent in early Wichita Indians is the way in which days even to the white school in the they build their homes. Instead of east. When the Government chool the regulation tepee. made of a frame were established the Wichitas allowed work of pole, upon which a covering their children to be sent to these and of skins is hung, the Wichitas build many of the members of the band are grass houses. This is the only Indian not only well educated but at one tribe in the United States which does time, at least, knew the differ this and it indicates that they are les ence between a logarithm and an up migratory than others. The grass right engine. They are rapidly losing house can not be taken up and mO\'ed their identity as Indians, however, and in an hour's notice and they require will soon be numbered among the ho architectural skill to construct. The mogeneous population of Oklahoma. general opinion about the Wichitas is Compared with many other tribe that they were originallya Mexican or the Wichita Indians are small m stat Central American tribe, for in nu other ure. Major Randlett, former agent of places has the building of grass hou es the Wichita affiliated tribes, in one of been followed by aboriginal tribes. his last reports to the Go\·ernment. It is purely a Southern method of said: architecture. "The large number live in houses. on Among this band of Indians the their allotments, a~d are maJ1lfeht~1 word "horne " seems to ba\'e a mean- considerable pride 111 the owners pno ing which is lacking among other individual homesteads. There ar~vav Indians. This has been so since the vagabond beggars. In some!'lake even the poorest among. ~hem D1 the white men first knew them. and for out with what thev recel\e fro al . -d that no re years they have led a peaceful and income of theIr Jan s. so h Con- quiet life. Most of them have little poverty is known among tern. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 39 WICHITA L"DIAN WOMEN BUlLDL'iG ONE OF THEIR RENOWNED GRASS HOUSES gress has made no appropriation for been asked to appropriate money to the affiliated tribes during the last few cover this claim, but thus far nothing years, and they eem to understand has come of the efforts made in their thatthey are expected to supportthem selves through their own efforts upon behalf. In 1858 United States troops their allotments and upon the money were ordered West to suppress the Co derived from the sale of their surplus manche Indians, then on the warpath. lands under an act of June, 1900, and The troops were instructed to use the the rents derived from their pasture re erves which are held in common. Wichita whenever possible, this tribe Most of the able-bodied men have being then in charge of Capt. Ross, made some effort to improve their al United States Indian Agent. lotments and some of them have been The Wichitas were friendly to the quite succe sfu!''' Government and were pressed into The Wichita Indians have an old service without opposition. They as claim against the United States Gov sisted the troops in routing the Co ernment for services rendered the Fed manches, driving them north from the eral troops in the years of 1858, 1859. Brazos River, overtaking them at the and 1860. Several time Congress has South Canadian River, near the site of 40 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL the present town of Bridgeport, were a battle was fought. We-ir-do-yar, a Wichita Chief, was killed in the battle, A TYPICAL GROUP 0 and Kecki John, another Wichita, now residing with the tribe in Caddo GIRL] County, seriously wounded. He is to day totally blind from injurie re ceived in the service. The Wichitas was again pressed in to ervice in 1859, being taken from Capt. Ross and used again in suppre s ing the Comanches. They were under the command of Gen. VanHorne, and at Rush Creek in a battle two Wichita Indians, A-has-gen-nair-dan and Is gair-sch, were killed. Tewakoni Jim, now living near Anadarko, is an heir of the two men and is one of the mo t intelligent men of the tribe. Gen. Sturgis in the year 1860 used the Wich itas, and two of them, De-gas-ne-ya and Sux-de-do-dis, died of disease while in the service. Their heirs are also still living in Caddo County and have allotments. The Wichitas and Caddos have al ways been friendly to the whites, and one tradition of considerable interest is handed down by them in regard to a party of goldseekers home-bound from California, about 1850. They were attacked by a party of hostile Apaches, and finding themselves un able to defend themselves the white men buried their valuable in a camp kettle. They were all murdered by the Apaches and their wagons burned but were afterward buried hy the roaming party of Wichitas and Cad dos. Indi>.n Print Shop N".jo Bwaets. There can be no better investment for house furnishing than several dollars placed in a I\'DlA\' " !H00 Navajo Blanket. We have an extra choice )IE)IBERS cmIP.\\,Y c, CHILOCCO . dODt;b ~ 1a assortment,-{)ur Mr. Miller's OWn selections. iog and make fine ~udeDts. 10e Jorax- -\I. cameraThe tribP r eo; If you are interested, we will be glad to cor the Pima student-are oati,"e OklahomaIb.. CoI1i~, Pt ; 11 respond with )'ou regarding them. from left to right, Eva Walker, Pawnee; L\'~("h~'ta. Lynda P m, . \.- i \ 1(: I,. THE lNoIAN PRINT SHOP. &ther Parker Comanche; Tuhe. rbp, Q ah Parker, is 141, their ages ranginj( from 5 to 1 years. verage white child. They take readilv to From five to eight the pupils attend school music. The school has a very nice band ~om the whole day, the work at this age being posed of Indian boys and is led by an Indian principally kindergarten work. After they young man who was educated at Chilocco [n are eight years old they attend school only half dian School, Oklahoma. a day and are required to work the other half. The school has a good water and sewer sys All pupils born prior to July 1, 1901, and tem and a regular trained fire brigade with their parents each have been alloted lOOacres hose cart and fire alarm. In fact, this school of land. These allotments vary in value from is well equipped in every way and under the $2000 to $8000. , .either the old people nor the able management of superintendent J. A. children are permitted to sell any of this land Buntin and his corps of assistants, there is no until after 19~6. doubt that Indian boys and girls who graduate It is a conceded fact that the government here will be well qualified to assume the could not make profe ional men or women duties of citizenship in the coming state. out of any great number of these pupils, but Farm and Ranch. the idea is to make respectfu!. self-supporting citizens of them by teaching the boys and girls Do Crow Indians Talk Jap""",? industrial work. The boys are taught to do all kinds of farm work, from the time they A newspaper dispatch of recent date, pub are eigbtyears of ageuntil they are 18. There lished in the metropolitan dailIes, ,ays: are 200 acres of land in cultivation at the "It is not generally known that the Crow choo!. This land is all cultivated hy the Indian language is very much akin to that of school boys, under direction of a farmer. the Japanese," said CoL S. C. Reynolds, The girls are taught to cook, do laundry Government Agentatthe Crow Indian Agency. work, keep house, cut and make their own "That an Indian tribe 2,000 miles from the clothing, etc. coast should have many words in common The object of tbe gO"ernment is to give the with a nation on the other side of the earth the pupils sufficient literary education to is most remarkable and opens a line of theory transact business in an intelligent manner, and research upon which ethnologists and lin but industrial education is consi THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 43 land. In many cases the white settlers have bouj!'ht out the Indians and the Crows are '~Lo" and Other People now being' moved to new homes. - Denver .. 'ews. The Tams Bixby republican club of mith Five thousand Indians on the Rabine river ville, l. T., has been organized with a total and lake at the headwaters of the keene Indian membership of a.-,o. This is tne larg ri\·er. and 190 miles from the coast, have est Indian political club in the world. broken out in open revolution and a call ha~ been sent to Vancouver for the militia. A recent issue of the Shawnee, Okla.. Jour The hHtilities occurred because the federal nal says: A big Indian camp meeting has fi,heries officials attempted to break down been in pNgre:-s in the country near Wetumka the barrierde which the Indians had erected for two weeks. There were sixteen different acrO,;;:i the river and streams leading to clans of Indians repre3entetl at this meeting. Babine lake ani other spawning grounds of and the attendance ,,"s mOle t'" n 2,CCO. the Sockeye salmon. About 500 Piaute Indians are helping in the J. Wharton James has written two interest hop fields of California. Tne Indians at first ing books. which have been lately issued by refused to go in the hop fields, thinkinj!' that Little. Brown & Co., of Boston. One is uIn the Graat Spirit did not wish them to go to Califor.lia, but their chief urged them and Around the Grand Canyon of the Colo rado." The other is t'Indians of the Painted to forget their super;ititions and accept the Desert Region." In this last book is a real offers of the hop-growers. estic, true de~cription of the life and customs A special from Douglas, Wy., says that the of the Ho~is, Navajos. Wallapais and Hava authorities there are in constant fear of very saupais, tribes which inhabit the arid regions serious trouble with the 700 Ute Indians who covered hy this great, barren, inhospitable gave so much trouble there several weeks ago. desert. These t" 0 books are valuable in that For six weeks the redskin~ have been living they are authoritative and are made especial in tepees a)<,ng the river, and stubbornly re ly interesting through the many fine half-tone fuse to go away, de;pite the efforts that have ilIustratiDt,S from original photographs by the been made to induce them to return to their author. re~ervation in IJaho. Some of the railroads have notified Uncle The :Native American states that the cen Sam's Indian school superintendents that all sus of the \Vallapai ,howed 520 Indians scat pupils and Indian Service employees who have tered along the line of the Santa Fe railroad heretofore been carried over their lines at for several hundred miles and wherever they special rates of half-fare, will hereafter be can find water. The Wallapai reservation taxed full fare. This action will be felt by comprises 730, acres of the most valueless Indian school employees, wbo, to a Irreat ex land on earth for agirculture purposes. It is tent are far from home, and will, no doubt, unsun'eyed and unallotted. Scarcely a dozen prevent many from enjo)ing each year a families live on the reservation. much-needed relaxation from their arduous .Ir. Curti., the photographer of Indian duties. Army officers and other Government type and life, mention of whose work the employees are affected in the same wal'. This is one of the good things (?) caused b,' the J01':R .. ·AL has m3de from time to time, is now rat~ camped in Hopi Land. The writer met him going into effect of the Hepburn bill. at the First Ye;:;a, where he was gettingsome .l.ny Indian schools on account of tbis ruling, fine photos from life of the inhabitants of wtll h~ve to have the appropriation for pupil Hano, Sichumovi and \Valpi. :Mr. Curtis is transportatton doubled, for it will take now extending his work. made possible by a re just double the amount of money to transport cent gift of '50,000 from a _'ew Yorker. their enrollment., if this decision of the rail roads is final. Twelve Indians from the recently opened Crow reservation, in charge of Indian agent Position to Exchange. Heckley, passed through Denver on Wed ne~day en route to homes near Riverside, Cal. Clerk (stenographer), salary 1,000, desires The Crow reservation has just been thrown exchange wtth clerk in Indian Service, chool op~n to home,eekera and each Indian of the or Agency. Address F. ~1. ~lcGlothlen, Pen tribe allowed to retain a quarter section of Ston Bureau, Washington, D. C. • 44 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL EDUCATING THE INDIAN. in every department of work, the kitchen, the sewing-room and the workshop, the field and From tbe Great Fall,. YODL. Tribune. the garden plot, no less than in the saving of Writing to the Chicago Record Herald, a time and money. It is expected that Indian woman whose heart may he right, hut whose pupils be strictly required to keel' personal head is filled with nonsense, makes an attack expense accounts, and that they spend no I" I' upon the system of educating the Indians now more than one-third of their income from practiced, claiming, in hrief, that it is a fail earnings or annuities, the halance to he de II ure, and advancing the threadhare argument posited in the town or school hank at interest, that education fails to civilize the Indian. the popil being instructed in the actoal trans Granted that some of the graduates of Car actions .of depositing and withdrawing funds, lisle go hack to the tepee, there are hundreds That outlines the natore of the education of others who do not, and there are in Mon the Indian is receiving. It is practical edo tana many educated Indians who in everyquali cation. Itis education that the Indian desires. fication for citizenship, are the eqoals of Is it beneficial? Let an Apache answer: white men and white women who have had no "Me wantum my boy she go school, catchurn greater opportunity. white man's smart. White man's school • There is no ftaw in the system of educating smart good fa' white boy; purty good fo' the Indian. There is a fatal ftaw in the argo Injun boy. too. Me heap savy now long time. ments of those who oppose the system, and Man she heap school smart plenty she boss whose great error is in maintaining that the all time, makum five dollar day, mebby more. Indian should he transformed hy education, Man she no school sr"art she no boss, she Such is not the purpose of educating the In workum dollar day, mebby so. mebby diggum dian; such is not the purpose of educating the all time, sweat, swear; catcbum dollar day, white child. The purpose is not to transform. spendum quick. Me wantum Injun boy catch- not to change human natore, hut to improve, m school smart plenty." and that purpose has been met and is being fulfilled in every school in the Indian coontry. A Letter of Siltiog Bull',. The Indian schools are doing a good work If Major General Elwell S. Otis, now on the -3 work of benefit to every western state, and while misguided friends of the Indian in retired list of the United States army, still the east may he ahle to emharrass the hon owns a written communication once sent to dreds of men and women who are engaged in him by the Sioux chief Sitting Bull, he has a the great work and make their hard task missive which probably would bring a hIgh more difficult, they have the cordial sopport price atan autograph sale. Tbe letter was sent of the people who know the Indian and who to General Otis when he was lieutenant-colon know what education is doing for him. That el of the Twenty-second Infantry, a regiment education is along hroad lines. In a late cir which was in the field in pursuit of the Sioox cular to those in charge of schools, Miss immediately following the Custer massacre. !i Estelle Reel, a Wyoming woman, superintend Here is Sitting Bull's letter: ent of the Indian schools of the country, tells YELLO\VSTO.-e: 1 wam to .know Wba.tYOeU;~; doing traveling un thi:-. road. \ou ;.;care ~Il tb t YOD of what nature the work must he. She says: faloaway. Iwanttobuntontbeplac.e. w.~lnllgbt "Superintendents are again reminded that to turn back from here. If yon don t. I ", '-e t "ou 3jrain. I 'Kant \"ou to lenc 'Kbat you h~ dgo the office expects the class-work of all Indian here and turn ba,k from here. I am .mur foen . children to he of a useful nature, adapted to SITTL'liu Bru_ I mean all the rations \"ou ba,-e got and some pow the child's needs, teaching the geography of der. Wish you would 'Knte a.'" soon as ~·oo can. the neighborhood, the history of the tribe, There was some humor in this cummunica· the value of irrigation and gi\'ing him a knowl edge of the general industries of his locality. tion of Sitting Bull. He asked the dooghty He should be taught to huy supplies at the old warrior, Otis, to retreat and to leave all store, selling at the lowest price, and how to the rations and a part of his powder, in order that the Sioux might have forage and ammu- get the full value of his money in purchasing , d'l' to merchandise. He should learn to find employ nition enough to put them 10 con I Ion ment for himself, to be an independent worker, make anotherCuster massacre possible. Inas t~o and to know that success or failure in life lies much as Otis and his command, a day or with himself alone." earlier, had thrashed Sitting Bull out oiblS This circular also urges upon superintendents moccasins, the humor of the cummunicatIOn the duty of teaching Indian children economy becomes the more salient.-Chicago Post. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 45 now are employed upon this work. and not less then 150 of their brothers are working In and Out ofthe Service oubide of the reservation. The latter are drawing from railroads big pay this year, Conditinns at the rine Ridge Agency. too, from $2 to.2.50 daily. The Indians make good workmen, as they are strong, si Maj. John R. Brennan, Indian agent at lent, and, as one railroad boss put it, have not Pine Ridge, So. Dakota. says that the report yet learned to loaf when the boss's back is that the Indians, as a nation, are dying out, turned. is not true at Pine Ridge. Maj. Brennan is The day ..hools on the reservation opened in the city in attendance with numerous ~Ionday I~dian on and are full to overflowing. witnesses at United tates court. The boarding school at the agency and The Indian population on Pine Ridge is now the mission school also are full. Aside from 6,727, an increase of about 300 over the these schools, the Government Indian schcol census of four years ago. at Rapid City draws about 100 boys and girls Another fact which shows that the In from Pine Ridge, and numbers of them go dians, racially, aTe not becoming extinct also to Carlisle, Haskell, Chilocco and other is .that the greatest mortality, by far, is large institutions. Whetber the Indian will found among the infant population. When learn to work and to study is no longer Indian mothers learn how to care for their speculation. It is a well,established fact. children during infancy and early childhood the race then will show a good increase. The belief that tuberculosis is carrying off Ch.nges The Judge ld... the red men in great numbers is another Major Downs, the special agent in charge theory that Maj. Brennan does not find of affairs at Cheyenne River Indian agencey,. borne out at his agency. has reorganized the Indian police court. In On Pine Ridge about 1,600 or 1,700 able the past, thecourtof three members have been bodied Indians are dropped from the ration sitting at the agency each ration day to de list in the spring and not put on again until cide cases brought before them of petty the winter makes it difficult for even on troubles which arise among their people. able-bodied La to keep soul and body to This has been changed by a division of the gether. Of this number 500 or 600 are men, reservation into three districts, one judge to all of whom find work, and in the warm be assigned to each district, and he will hold weather actually support the women and court at stated places in his district twice chIldren dependent upon them. For those, each month. When he runs against a case however, who cannot procure work the which is too complicated or difficult to handle Government supplies work. for himself it goes to the "supreme court" An irrigation project has been in pro consi,tir.g of three judges, who sit at the ce of construction at Pine Ridge agency agency once in three months. The first meet for the past four years. The work is all ing of the "supreme court" is to be held at done by Indians, who recei,'e $1. 2.; a day the agency on the 15th of this month. All per man and ..2.50 for a man with a team. decisions of the district judges are subject to Already hundreds of acres have been re the approval of the bo farmer of his di ' claimed from mere pasture land and are trict, whobesides being in charge of farming beinl( cultivated by the Indians, with the operations is a general overseer of the In result that good crops, especially of ,'ege dians of hIS district. The decisions of the tables, are being raised. Dams are being supreme court are subject to review by the built at suitable places along the small agent who is supreme in such matters. Gen. creeks to store not only the flood waters, erally the decisions of the Indian courts are which would not be sufficient in this region. sustained, and their people are putting a but also the natural flow. Ditches then are great deal of reliance on them to settle dis dug to carry the water to the various ac putes. ",,'sible parts. The Indians themselves are much interested in this work. They realize New Regul.tions for I. T. Schoo!s, the benefit that irrigation will be to them, •'ew regulations for the tribal Indian and contrary to the belief held by the scho~ls among the five civilized tribes in Indian majority of people, they are glad to go TerrItory have been issued by the Indian bu to work each returning spring. About 300 reau. They are prescribed for the purpose of 46 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL • carrying into effect the provisions of a section An Accomplished Indian. of the act winding np the affairs of the five The Shawnee.'ews has this to say of the tribes. man who gave Shawnee her name: One of the important changes in the regu "Walter Shawnee left this afternoon for his lations which prevail is the doing away with home at White River, A. T.. after a briehisit school warrants which have been used for the with friends in this city. Walter is the malt payment of teachers and employes. The whose name was adopted oyer eleven years rule regarding this says: "No school warrants ago for the place in the hills which is now the or orders shall hereafter be issued by the au populous modern city of hawnee. He is a thorities of the five civilized tribes, hut all Shawnee Indian, was educated well and is salaries of teachers and boarding school em one of the best English conversatioralists in ployes shall be paid by the superintendent of the Southwest. Posted on every subject and ;chools from available funds set aside for that able to talk with a fluency and understanding purpose.'t seldom attained by even white men, he is a man Another imp<'rtant regulation is in relation among men. In talking over his life here he to the term of chool officers now serving. stated that he formerl\' was a member of the They are to hold their jobs at the discretion business committee of the Shawnee Indians of the secetary of interior, the rule reading: residinl; near the present city of Shawnee, ar.d "The present superintendent of schools, of In· was engaged in straightenirg out the tribal dian Territory, United States supervisors for matters. When M. J. Bentley and Amos Ew the several nations and the tribal chool offi ing, townsite men for the Choctaw, Oklahoma cers for each nation shall continue in office & Gulf railwa\'. came thrcngh this way to Ie until otherwise directed by the ecretary of cate new tOW~SI they secured his sen~;ces in the interior." buying a right-of-way for the new road. .' well did he do his work that in his honor they named the new to\\"Il Shawnee. and for se\"eral Inh DUENDS GOVERNMENT JJiDIAN SCHOOLS. "force." In their work amung the Indians they are as gentle and humane as it is possi The following defence of Indian schools ble to be and yet make progress in their work. and their work was wrirten by Effie E. parks, The employes of the Indian schools are far field matron at Black River Falls, Wisconsin, less dictatorial, exacting and arbitraf)' thar. in answer to an article criticizing Govern are the employes in institutions for white ment schools appearing recently in the Chica children. and the discipline in Indian schools is go Record-Herald: not nearly as strict as it is in state institutions The picture of Indian sorrow and govern for white children. mental injustice drawn by ~ "cttie Dixon Hahn I have been in the Indian Servicp over five in The Record-Herald of August 26 is very months and have seen no cbildrEn under 6 pathetic. Only the most stone·hearted of be years in Indian schools. I have seen no "fight ings would fail to pity poor Lo if his suffer ing, fainting, broken-hearted" Indian mothers iogs were so inteJlse as Mrs. Hahn depicts no kidnaped children and no "soldiers wit h them. loaded guns. "I have not seen any "grievinR But she speak. well and truly re!'ardin!' the mothers" and never heard of an Indian child homeless, unloved white children. Anyone fa dving of he·me-sickness. The cbildren are al miliar with the lndianschool and also the in lowed to go "home" during July and August, stitution work among white children knowc; and the Government pays their parents for there are thousands of the latter who \\ould bringing them to the railroad station and their be glad to have the le,,'ings from the tables car-fare back to school when the school is not of the Indian children in Government schools. near their homes. I agree with her that all needy white children The parents visit their children at school should have "care, supplies and protection, " and it is the height of absurdity for anyone but the Indian children should have no less to say they H mourn their children as dead." than they now have. Should helpless Indian Many of the Indian parents I know are proud children not have the protection of any law of the ability of their children to read and simply because they are Indian children' write and they often bring their children will The laws of a state permit the county au ingly to school. Only a short time ago three thorities to take children from parents who Indian children were brought to me by their habitually neglect them, who make no effort parents to be sent back to scbool at Witten properly to feed, clothe and educate them, berg, Wi!'.. a month before vacation time and who allow them to go hungry, ill-clad and wa over. practically homeless. And what is the a\"erage Indian "home," uplAnd', Qum Salt. which Mrs. Hahn talks about, like? A tepee In Lapland they have no salt, and the bark or wigwam not high enough to stand within, of the fir tre'? is used as a substitute. The a fire burning inside on the ground. fIlling the Lap, peel the bark from the trunk (,f tre "home" with stiftingsmoke (sometimes there tree. carefully remove the epidermis and then i a stove, but oftener not), a pile of filthy divide thQ inner lark into quite a numler of quilts, a few dishe ar.d cooking utensils, and very thin layer.-:. Durirg the trier t ut E-X O\'er all and about all the vilest, most disgust tremely hot Lapland ~ummer the lavers areex ing filth. The parents in these "homes" live posed to the ,un until thon,ugbly'dr;Ed: thn in unspeabble degradation. Their ideas of they are tom into narrow strips and placed morality are ,.Idom bigher than those of their in taxes made of fresh bark taken from canine friends. which help to fIll the "home" other trees. Deep holes are then dug in the and sometimes the dinner kettle. sand. and the bark boxes are buried in them Blessed is the child "kidnared" from such where they are allowed to remain for about Andble~s· I 'homes" and such parents as this. three day,. The second day fires are made ed be the ",mug gentlemen in Washington" over place where the foxes are luried and who have de\;sed plans for educating Indian kept burnin!, brisk Iy for "veraI hours. The children and have so faithfully and honestly heat penetrates deep into the sand, turns the carried them out. "Arbitrary" tbey may be, fir bark a deep red color and gives to it a but can Mrs. Hahn or anyone else devise any pleasmg taste and odor. Finally the boxes better plan or use any better method in edu are une~rthed, the fir strips are JXlunded or gro~nd. cating and uplifting the Indian race? mto a coarse powder, and the Lapps use l,t Just as we ~o . salt, only much more In dealing with the Indians and their child spanngly, because It IS so troublesome to pre ren I have seen no Government employe using pare.-Exchange. 48 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL ervation in Minnesota from the Leech Lake agency. The affairs of the Indians at Red "Lo" and Other People Lake will be placed in the hands of a bonded school superintendent. This step was sug gested to CommIssioner Leupp some months Agriculture will be given speeial attention ago, but before taking any action he decided in the Indian schools of Indian Territory this to have a speeial agent make an investigation year. Instructors will give short talk on the and report. subject each day, and where it is possible a small plot of ground will be secured near the This is said to be true: A charming ro school. mance of the Yakima Indian reservation has been consummated by the marriage of Ada The Crow Indians of eastern Montana held Smith, reputed to be the most beautiful wom a big fair the first week in October. The an on the reservation, to Frank lyall, a full fair grounds w-ere located on the Little Big blooded Yakima resident near Toppenish. Horn, a beautiful tract of 160 acres in a bend The girl was 1 , handsome after a piquant of the river, furnishing an ideal spot for such style and possessed of $25,000 in cash and land purpose. near Wapat" conservatively valued at 10,000. A party of Sioux Indians from Norton, The Indian she has married is himself wealthy. Minn., passed through town today on their The bride is well educated, a talented pi way to the Santee reservation to attend the anist, admirable housekeeper and seamstress re-union of the Episcopal Indians which will and a clever conversationalist. be held at a point just across the river from A special from Wagner, to the Sioux Falls, Springfield for one week beginning tomorrow. So. Dak., Argus-Leader, contains the follow - Dakotan, Yankton, So. Dak. ing: About 500 Indians who had been attend Rev. H. L. Cloud, pastor of the Methodist ing the general convocation of the Indian church at Wellston, and a full-blood Cherokee Presbyterian church at Greenwood left here Indian, has been indorsed by the citizens of for their homes yesterday morning. They Wellston fOF delegate to the constitutional were from Flandreau, Sisseton, Devils Lake, convention. Rev. Mr. Cloud was a delegate N. D., Montana and all over the northwest. to the recent republican congressional con The regular passengers had three special vention at Guthrie and delivered the invoca coaches on to carry the crowd. The Presby tion at that time. terian meeting wbich has been held at Green wood during the past week has been very Among the most persistent popular errors largely attended, tholbanJs of Indians being is the impression that the American Indians in attendance from all over the northwest. are dying out. The fact is that there are The meeting has been one of the most success more Indians in the United States to- By WILBERT E. EISELE Sequestered spot. Uintah and Ouray! Loveliest of all th' Indian Al(encies That ~fantiou looks dO'1ll on: smiling aye, High-nestled 'mid the Snowy Range it lies. Hither to Whiterocks. all unknown of fame. Led by the W",tern lnre the fair ririginian C11me. The flow'r\" June beckoned to welcome her: And when uprose o'er Utah's barren hills The moming SUIl. he shone on gay parterre Of Paint Brush. FoxglO\'e, and the red ro:.e fills The air with perfume. while. at evening's close. Quick-gleaming through the meads the fire-fly's lantern goes! And \"ature spread her wild magnificence around Through canon course the rushing mountainmeam,. ~farking with verdure to its utmost bound Cintah's sun-kissed rale: to sweet dreams Compelling with their murmur: the sad heart. ~Iay search the wide West o'er to find their counterpart! And the mind wanders to a time when all This self-. me Yale knew not the pale-face: me The ro,ing Redmen. none held it in thrall. Then the -quaw-berry witll its kindred ga'e The tribe sustenance when the chlLse denied: From "'ature's kimll.'"' breast their daily wants supplied. And when the annual gathering of the Clal Announced the Cowlcil. all the plain Was gay With bright-robed Warriors, ua"s. anon. the dance Claimed all a votari"" from the ag'd and gray To the small _'ap-pooeh. and kind affection rnled The merry-makers..ret in self] hn . unschooled. 50 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL The sun-dance corral. with its crowd of brayes Entered for the ordeal: lithe of limb. They dance, a circle of deyoted slayes To the deity of the totem-pole: and him Alone they rel·erence. while the drummers' cries Still spur the conte..iants on until is gained the prize. a frown not. Churchman. that these simple sons Of Adam reck not of thy phantas~'; Ye worship both the T.: nknown. as the legend runs. Your fate the same. no matter if there be A laud of souls bemnd the sable shore. Wbere life and fretting pa ,ions waste the heart no more. Ken the crazed wits of dumb Inipigant' Can see as far in thO Secret as the Wise: For the self-punished wretch let Pity grant, As she pause:> by his wickyup lone. her sighs; Alike to him if scorching Summer haste Or Winter winds howl or the Tepee-dotted waste! To the upward way 1,o's progr naught retards: Haply, the modest halls of learning here 'Stablished by the Great Father for his wards :'oIay teach them to imprOl'e their humble sphere. Contentment theirs as Wisdom's paths they trace. :\01' el'er rue the fate estranged them from their race! The painted ioux. in eagle plumes arm.red. Scouring on pony fleet the boundless plains; The tawn~- Lte in breech clout. scarlet plaid. -'ow meet in mimic battle; but the Train • '0 longer dreads the ambushed foeman's blast; The yengeful war-whoop shrill. the red foray are past. O'er all the busy scene of the Great Show Time's hand hath traced-'"This, too, shall pa.,s a;;:ay." The Hi>toric :'oIuse. oft shudderinao and slow. Poring on pages dim the same doth say: Lm:e ollly hold.; hi., s-u:ay' Gone are the pageantry of Ancient Rome. When the populace were thrilled With sonnd of bugles, and the soft air filled With lo! Triumphe! as passed Barbaric captil'e chiefs and spoils of war; Yet short surcease of life the Imperial Purple bore. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 51 The Revolution saw our infancy; In '61 the martvred Raconteur Led our y'oung manhood through the stormy sea Of ci\-il strife; whate'er Fate hol Whiterf)("~, [tab. July l.i, 1906. n'IPIGA.~T, OR THE CRAZY nmIAK. • Prose Explanation. Crouching among the boulders, half-hidden with ~ge-brlL'.;h, near the foot-hills of the Cintah range of mountains, in Vintah County, Ctab, is one of the most wonderful yet at the same time most pitiful sights of the former Uintah Indian Re"iervation -in fad, it is to be doubted if another su(·h being e\"er exbted for a !'imilar period of time ...inee the ('reation of the world. On('e strong, influential, brave and generau.., he ha.... now for more than twenty years lain en tirely nude two miles north of the Lintah and Ouray .\genry at WhiterO<'k.", [tah, his hair disheveled and ~atted and his ..kin as hard and thick ~ that of an alligator, impen'ious alike to the scorching Sllffimer ~un and the icy blasts of winter, the temperature of the latter in the Whiterocks latitude sometimes ranA'ing from 2.> to 30 degrees below zero. Heedle-.. of the passage of time, !'tonilr indif ferent to the -.ea..'Ons, poor Inipigant. or, ~ the name ~ignifie.., Uthe Crazy One," his soul "til11inger i~ in a mortal tenement, continues to dream the dream out, hi ....ole de-ire apparently being to li,·e hb life in peace after his own fashion, untroubled by the <;.()(·iety of hi .. kind. ~o tent shelter-. him, DO dothes co\"er him; no fire warm.. him, excepting it may be a few smoldering embeN upon which he occa...ionally rook... a mOJ"'el of food pro,-ided by "Orne pitying friend or distant relati\'e. .\s the ..tory goe.;, lnipigant accidentally ..hot his mother ...,:>me twenty years ago. Deserting a 00C'e happy borne, II 10\"iog sweetheart and the playmates (If his ~-outh, he yawed to do penance fl1r twenty-fiTe yeaN for his unhappy deed, and ~urely penance he h~ done, oeyer having .. poken to aoy one ..ioce that time, o( r :,ho.-iD? any ..igns of intelligem'e other than that manife.-ied b'f the lowe:-t type:; of animal life, with the exception of the Adam·bom predilection for "peouckey'"-the l°te term for money-whkh be De\'er reflL'6 when tendered him by yj..ilors, though it is only the inherited ten def}{T "0 deeply implanted in the raL'C which calL~ hi .. de--ire for money, he having no lL'C for it. ympathizing yhoitor-. ,-iew him daily: the camer~ .. nap him; the lndialb re'fereIK"e him, the white people pity him. but lnipigant ~leeps 00, an objed 1e....')D, 1\.. it were, picturing with dark deri.. ion the folly of human pride from which all hurnanit~· i.. "'u.. pt>nded saxe but a ..lender thread. Once hi."i relati'fei thought to terminate hi .. haple:- .. exi.. tem'C by taking him mao\" miles into the rec'e-..e-, of the mountains, there in the deepe-1: canyon -.ecurely biodi~ him to a tr~. Thus the\" left: him alone, a..... they thought, to die. Wben they returned home on their horses, imagine their .. urpri~ and ~'hagrin ,upon beho!ding ~t I~ipigant ~ad pr~eded them on foot and W8:i again squat ting by the "'Ide of bb ~moldenng fire ID hI'" ",de wlckplp In exartly the same "'pot he had CX'Cupied for year.. and year-. before. Sint'e that time he ha~ been regarded a" a .. upernatural being' b\" hi.. tribe-imen, and his name if ever .. poken by Indian ... , i"i pronounced. with trembling and awe. ' tbucational ~ l\epartment EVERY EMPLOYEE IN THE SERVICE IS INVITED TO CONTRIBUTE PAPERS TO TIDS DEPARTMENT SO~1E SUCGESTIONS TO ATURE STUDY I~ TEACHERS I BY A. K. RISSER "Yet, here'" thl~ yonng"ter at my knee. is to keep functional and keen those powers Know... all the thiDg" I a"ed to know: nf independent acquisition so general in child To think ronce wa.., wi"'e as be ~ hood, yet so unfortunately dulled in our ma I I But that was IODIt ago." -Engene Field. turer suojects. ATURE study is the study of nature. The power of obsen:ation.-The perceptive 1" It is not the perusal of books. nor the faculties must he under constant stimulation. examination of exotics, nor the at· An interest, a spirit of iuquiry, a desire to " tendance upon class-room lectures. To study know-theseare necessary conditions for which nature is to make acquaintance with the the teacher must hold herself responsihle. I' humhler ohjects that border the common Surely the suhject matter and ohject matter walks of life. The successful teacher must are all that could be desired; no study affords use science as a foundation and on this rear a more attractive field. a structure attractive from the view-point of Solf-Reliance, independence of books, the the naturalist. recognition of one's own senses as the best A touch of poetr)· illumines the darkest re authority; nature study values are nowhere treat of the scientist. Out of the most mi more clearly seen than here. The demand nute investigation there should develop a for ..rification should always he made promi , r hreadth of ,ioion that will enhance the value nent; when the pupil sees the necessity of of every living thing, and increase our sym proving, and his desire for verifying hecomes I pathy with every fellow creature, plant or hahitual, then is he on the highway to",ard animal Thus do we often return from the scientific methods. detailed study of profounder things to the A fact without the fact's significance is hare. more healthful fancy of childhood, with rich After ohservation there must be interpreta ercontentand ,,;thdeeperinsight into the ig tion. An unrelated fact is a tramp without nificance of the whole. If pleasure does not visihle means of support, a mere record of enter into the lesson, both as motive and as events is a very essential, yet v~ry meager resolt, the value of the lesson is lost. "The thing. Every phenomena should he challeng- soul of Nature tudy is the attitude it en ed Wlth. the quenes,.,'How.,.. and "Whv'"•. genders." It is a remarkahle fact that the Breadth of view is dependent upon a concep study of natural things, of 211 things taught tion of the interrelation of things. Here is in the school, has been presented in the most one of the greatest opportunities that science unnatural way. We attempt to force growth offers for mental development and growth. rather than appealing to the child's inherent There should always he a record of the facts powers. learned and of the work done. In all the Modern nature study is dominated hy ecol grades hut the primary, and even there at , ogy. Ecology inquires into the schemes times there should be some form of sCience which plants and animals adopt that they may note-book. It is a medium through which get along in the world. Ecology, like our scholarly hahits may he inculcated and a start. Seniors, asks the question "Why," It says made toward genuine scientific method. With "Put yourself in its place." We find the the written record there should he draWlngs, wonderful in the commonplace, -it is the "The pencil is the best of eyes." The keep I child attitude. The purpose of nature study ing of a note-book builds interest and serves t I THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 53 as a permanent memento of what has been This is the time for the planting of fall achieved, -a joy forever, and possihly a thing bulbs. Both out-of-doors and in-doors we of beauty. It is only human. even among shall interest ourselves in the culture of these pupils, for one to desire to have something to plants, whose greatest pride is their gift of show for his effort. A class album is useful early bloom. By their aid we may add a bit in stimulating the least enthusiastic. of cheer to our hours at school and shorten The nature calender, in some form, should the days that lie between the falling leaf and be found in every school. To know the sea the awakening bud. Hyacinth, narei us, sons as they come and go is a mark of the Chinese lily and tulips are among the most naturalist. Why does May weed hloom in available forms. The first of •'ovember is June and do June hugs come in May~ When none too late to plant these, but before does the catalpa bloom and when do we have that time we must prepare the soil, which wheat harvest? When do humble-bees seem mu,t be light. sandy and rich. Directions for most abundant and which crop of alfalfa or planting will be given gladly by those who clover produces most seed? When do the have had experience, and the bulbs can beob blackhirds sound assembly? When do we tained, if not locally, from any large seed have the first frost? What date shall we store. The cost will be from one to five cents choose for our picnic in the meadow by the apiece. The Chinese lilies demand only water brook? The primary purpose of our school and are l(l'Own in a glass bowl partly filled room records of nature's activities is to culti with pebbles or bits of broken crockery, to vate habits of responsibility, accuracy and establish a foot-hold for the roots; tho e punctuality, from the accumulated subject started before Thanksgivmg are likely to matter inductions valuable to science may be bloom by New Years. The seed stores offer made by the more advanced pupils. for sale vases specially prepared for growing In the development of nature study and certain bulbs, such as the hyacinth, and they agriculture in our schools, one most impor help to make the exhibit. attractive. The tant feature has been seriously neglected French Roman Hyacinth, Golden Spur Nar the erperiment. It is difficult to justly ap cissus, Narcissus Horsefieldii and double Mur· preciate the great value of experimental work ilia Tulip are recommended for indoor culture in the grades, simplified for the beginners, in pots or window-boxes. The preparation of more complicated and elaborate with older the soil is a most instructive exerci e for the pupils. In experimentation there is always class a well as interesting. present that which is so often totally lacking To prepare a good potting earth, take rich in observational work, a definite and satisfac· garden loam for a foundation and lighten up tory motive; something is being tried, not with sharp sand and some fiber, such as well merely looked at. Instruction through ex rotted barn-yard manure or well-rotted sods. periment is dynamic; instruction through the Greenhouse men often prepare bpnch soils for old-time object lesson was a very static af forcing by piling thin sods cut from an old fair, scarce worthy to be called a process. pasture and allowing them to rot for a year When a boy is given charge of an experiment or two. Cow dung is sometimes placed be he at once realizes a new sense of respon tween the layers of sods to help enrich the sibilitv of direction and control: if you please, soil. When only a small amount of potting of ma~'liness. There is something doing, and soil is wanted it may be prepared by taking he is the officer in charge. He has set up rich garden loam and addir,g well rotted barn conditions in handling the reins, and with yard manure. It is important for best results eagerness awaits the results. Much experi· to have the manure thoroughly rotted. The mentation can be done with the simplest pos soil from the wood lot is usually quite rich sible apparatus, even in primary grades. and friable and I have known it to bring good Leaves whose stems have been placed in red results. ink reveal the sap-lifting force of foliage: a After securing the earth the pots should be tumbler or jar over a plant serves to show prepared by thoroughly cleaning them and that moisture is given off into tne air; seed dTJ-ing· If the pots were stored in a dirty lings, desiring the light peep through the condition and in a damp place it will be well window of the inverted box under which they to scald them in order to kill any fungus dis have grown, etc. The interest of the dullest eases growing aD them. Before usinR', the is awakened in this way to habits of neatness pot should be perfectly dry and clean. In and attention; I mean individual experiment, potting: plants, however one-sided a plant may not classroom demonstration by the teacher. be, It IS always deSIrable to have the main 54 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL stem as near the center of the pot as possible. Fuchsia, many varieties. Soft wooded plants such as coleus, geraniums, Maherina odorata. and begonias, thrive best when the soli is Myrtus communis. loose about the roots. The hard wooded Primrose, Chinese and others. plants should be potted firmly. In repotting Pteris serrulot". plants, more especially tbose of slow growth, Vallota purpurea. the ball of soli and roots should never be sunk BASKETS. to any great extent below the original level, Epiphyllum truncatum. and it is always preferable to pot a plant Fragaria Indica. twice, or even three times, rather than place Fuchsia procumbeus. it in too large a pot. Oxalis violaceoe. The watering of greenhouse and window Pelargonium peltatum. plants is responsible for a large percentage of Tradescantia. zebnna, pendula. failures. Plants cannot be watered indi.;crim • inately or just so many times a day, week or WATER. month. All plants should be watered when Eichhornia crz.ssipes. necessary-when they are dry. If in pots Hyacinths. this is indicated by a hollow sound of the pot Narcissus Tazetta, vaT. orientalis. when tapped or by the flagging or wilted con In selecting plants for a window. garden or dition of the plant. However, after a pro house conservatory, the plants should beomit longed season of dull weather followed by ted which are subject to attacks of aphis and bright sunshine many plants will show signs mealy-bug. Among lhe plants which are in of wilting although they are still wet at the fested are Coleus, German ivy (seuecis scau roots. But a growing plant should not be al deus), Calla, Vinca variegata, Cyperus alter lowed to hecoine so dry at the roots as to nifolius, Fuchsia and Carnation. Those which wilt, nor should the soil ever get as dryas are nearly exempt are most kinds of gerani powder. This condition, however, is essential ums, begonias, wandering Jew and most ferns. to a few plants, more particularly the bulbous and tuberous kinds during their resting peri THE DAIRY COW AS A MACHINE. od. The incessant dribhling of the inexperi· enced should be avoided; water thoroughly By A. E. LOVETT. and be done with it until the plants are again dry. Plants should not be sprayed orerhead Few of our domestic animals are regarded while the sun is shining hot and full upon as machines by the ordinary farmer or owner tbem. Our bed of geraniums were ruin.d of stock. In fact, except a man is making thissummer by an inexperienced person spray the care of these animals his "major" as a ing them on a hot July afternoon. The eve business. it is seldom necessaI1" that he view ning is the best time of the day for watering them in this light. But, when a man uses in summer, and morning in winter. If liquid any class of animals for the accumulation of manure is mixed with the water, the material wealth, or as a means of a livelihood, he can should not come in contact with tho foliage. view them as little else than machines, for he Plants recently potted should be shaded for wishes each indi>;dual to produce the most several days; do not water the root heavily and best of its part:cular product at the least for a week or ten days, but spray them fre possible expense. quently overhead. In the beginning, Nature brought forth the At different times I have been asked to sug cow, for example, v,;th (probably) no other gest plants suitable for use in window boxes. object in view than she had with all animals. The following list contains some of the more Namely: to come into the world, grow, live common varieties suitable for this purpose: her time, reproduce herself, and die. But, mother nature had laws governing each of POTS. these factors and man, by a study of these Adiantum cuneatum, particularly A. gracil- laws, 2nd a use of them, has miraculously Iium. changed the shape, character and functions Aloysia citriodora. of that cow until we would scarcely recognize Begonia metallica and others. her ancestor of centuries ago. Cocos Neddelliana. In the beginninJ;, we mal' picture a lean, Ficus Elastica. lank, scrawny animal with long, curved Fresia refracta. horns and as swift on foot as the ordinary THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 55 horses of today. Also. with the ability to SOI00L-ROOM ilSSON. give only enough milk for the support of the calf for two or three months. Today, we The following is a lesson i 'ued from the have the offspring of this animal with good Superintendent of Indian School's ofliceas an form. quiet dIsposItion. and with a wonderful illustration of what one teacher is doir.g: capacity for milk production. This great The little chicken lesson whIch I have to change has heen wrought hy careful selection give is about a second or third-grade lesson. of animals best fitted for this work. careful and is only one of scores which may be given feeding, and careful and judicious breeding. on this subject in actual school work-from the and. today we have tbe dairy cow, a quiet, very first les~ons beginning "see a heD,"' sensitive, delicate animal requiring e;;pecial "the hen has two eyes," "the hen has two eare and feeding and producing enormous legs, It "the hen can run," to advanced-grade quantities of good, rich. wholesome milk. lessons, studying breeds, etc. I shall give the So, because of man's study and work through lesson as I should in my own school room as out many, many years, the dairy cow is no nearly .. possible, considering that I wish in longer a meTe animal-as she was in the be· a very short time to cover more ground and ginning-but is a compound and delicate ma make several more points than I could attempt chine requiring especial care and attention. in one new lesson with my little Pima people The miller buys wheat. runs it through his who must advance very slowly in order to mills, and sells the products-flour, shorts. learn and understand thoroughly every step. bran-at a figure large enough to afford him No lessons of this kind should ever he allow good wages for his work and to pay him for ed to slip without bringing in valuable lessons the wear on his machines. The dairyman in economy, cleanliness, carefulne!s, etc. buys wheat. corn, etc., or products of the lessons which must be constantly repeated same, feeds them to his cows. which produce as well as the reading, writing, language, for him milk. The milk, or its products arithmetic, spelling, local geography, etc. butter, cheese, etc., are sold as the miller sells "To-day, girls, we are to have another les the products of his machines. However, son about chickens. We will setahen. You while the miller must have his boilers, engines, should learn all about chickens hecause when shafts, belts and burrs for his work, the dairy you are through sohool you will want to raise man needs only the cow, for she is all ofthese some chickens. You know how good chickens machines in one. Self-heating, self-running, and eggs are to eat, so you will want to raise self-oiling. self·feeding and self-repairing. them to sell. People who raise chickens for The care and feeding of this complicated market can make a great deal of money that compound machine is a science and an artand way. Chicken raising is a particularly good longer and more careful study is required to business for Pima boys and girls to learn. become a successful dairyman than is required The Pima people have not 0 many ways of to become a successful engineer or miller. makin~ money open to tht.-m as people in this One rou t know not only what care is required part of our country, but chicken raising is a for hest r",ults, but a60 the most economical good one and almost eve,,· family has at least way of giving it. He must know not only a few chicken;. what simple feeds or combinations of feeds "We have here all the the things we shall are required, but al 0 the exact proportions need for -etting our hen. What have we? nece sary and the most economical way of As ~·ou name them I will draw a picture of ohtaining them and feeding them. He must each." know not only how to care for and feed his "A hen." animals, but also how to remedy any defects "A box." in this "~Iachine." ..hether the defect be "Some hay." caused by external or internal agencies. He "Some eggs." must be able not only to breed his animals, ol"'usie, show me thehen, the pictures; v.7ite but also to breed out hereditary defects and the word 'hen' under the picture." to hreed for best possible results. ~Iore money "Annie. the hox, the picture etc." i~ lost in dairying by ignorant and injudicious "A~es, the hay, the picture,' etc."' feeders and breeders than in any other way, "Sus~e. the eggs, the picture, etc." "SUSIE, Have we one egg, or more than and, if we will regard the cow as a machine one?" requiring special earnest care and attention "More thall one." at all times, we must and will succeed as "What word do we use in speaking of dairymen. more than one eltR~" 56 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL "Eggs. " HFoUTI eight, twelve., t "What letter did you add to make 'eggs'?" "Go quickly to the hlackboardand makeme us." a picture of twelve eggs counted, Susie, hy "And what will we do today, Annie?" two's; Agnes, by three's; Annie, by four's." "Set a beD. " (Pupils draw appropriate pictures, arrang- "Tell me the whole story." ing the eggs in groups.) "We will set the hen today." "What other name do we give 12 eggs?" "You may write that story on the hlack- "One dozen." board. " "TeU me the whole story." "Have you any hens at your home, Agnes~" "Twelve eggs Equals 1 dozen eggs. " Hyes, Ma'am." "Susie, write that story. JJ "Did you ever set a hen?" "Can we go out in the yard and pick up any " .. '0, Ma' am." hen and set her~" "Did you ever set a hen yourself?" uNo." "Well, you may help set this one. What "No; we must wait tiU she is ready. How must we make for our hen, Susie?" do we know when our hen is ready?" "A nest. Jl "She stays on her nest and says 'cluck, "What kind of a nest shall we make?" cluck'." "We should make a good nest. II "What had she done hefore this?" "You may write that story. " "Laid eggs. " "Set this box on the chair, Agnes. Let us "How many eggs did she lay each day?" look at the box. Tell me what kind of a box l'One egg." it is, Agnes." "If she had laid one egg a day for twelve HIt is agood box." days, how many eggs had she laid?" "I will write that on the hlackboard.', "Twelve eggs. " "Susie, tell me something else about the "How do you know!" box." llBecause 12 times 1 is 12. 11 "It is clean." (or, "The box is clean;" or "Annie, put that on the hlackboard." "The box is dry.") "How long will the hen have to sit on her "Annie?" eggs in order to hatch them?" "It is dry." "Three weeks." "All read what I have written about the "How many Gays are there in one week?" box. Let us look at the hay." "There are seven days in one week. It "What kind of hay is thi , Agnes?" "Name them." "It is dry." "Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, "Sometmng else about the hal'!" Thursdav, Friday, Saturday." "It is clean." "How.many days are there in three weeks..' 1> .. 'ow, what shall we put into the nest?" "Twenty-one days. " "Eggs. " "How do you know!" "What kind?" "Because 3 times 7 days Equal 21 days." "Good, fresh eggs." "How many undays!" .• 1 will write two words here which tell ·'Three." what kind of eggs we want. ., "How many Mondays, Tuesdays, et c..'" (Writes on board, "good eggs;" "fresh "Three of each. " eggs.") "Now, we have set our hen, we must take "Let us look at the hen. She is not very good care of her. What must we do for her large. We must not give her too many eggs. every day?" I think 12 will he about right. We will put "Feed her." 12 good eggs in the nest." "Tell me the whole story." "Susie, you may write that story. Agnes, "We must feed our hen every day." rd " put the eggs in the nest. Count them so the "Annie, put thatstory on the hlack boa.,,, . class can heat you. Handle them carefully "What else must we do for our hen. so you will not crack them. Susie, count the "We must give her water." eggs by two's. II "Susie, write that. " "Two, four, six, eight, ten, twelve. II "There is something else. We must keep IIAgnes, count them by three's. " her clean. If we are not careful, tiny little "Three, six, nine, twelve." hugs will get on her head or perhaps under "Annie, count them by four's." her wings. What are they called?" THE L,DlAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 57 "Chicken lice. " cents and I gave you $1, how much change "Do we want them!" would you give me?" uNo. " .. In town, for ten cents, insect powder can "How do you know?" be purcbased. Put a little of tbis powder on tbe hen in this manner. Chicken lice are "Agnes, how many eggs did we give our very bad and we do not want our hen to have hen?" them, 0 we must keep her clean. Susie, you may write, 'We mo t keep her clean.' "If three do not hatch, how many chickens After our chickens are out and running will we have?" around, if they have lice we may rub a little "How do you know?" grease on their heads, like this. and on the mother hen, too, but we must not use grease "If Annie sets two hens, Agnes three hens, • when she is sitting, for itmay hurt the eggs. II and uSle four hens, how many hens will be "What can we do with our chickens when sitting?" they have grown, Agnes'.'" "Eat some of them. 11 "How do you know'!" "Yes; I will write that; what else Annie?" "Sell some. " "1 have 24 eggs. How many doz. is that?" (Or, .IWe ma.\' eat some of tlle chickens;" "Sell some;" "Keep some for laying. ") "How do you know?" HWhen our chickens are large enough to eat, how much can we get for each one?" It is easy to see how much seat and writ .'Twenty-five cents." ten work may be given to the pupils, useing "Go to the desk and get twenty-five cents." this lesson as a sort of foundation. For "If we sell another chicken, how much will spelling the new words; for arithmetic, any we receiv~?" number of practical problems, giving drill in HAn other twenty-five cents." the four fundamental operations-buying, tlBring me another twenty-five cents." selling, makin~ change, profit, cost, etc. "And if we sell another chicken?" For language. such lessons as; Write a story "Another twenty-five cents." of your own about Setting a Hen. Copy "How much money is that?" and complete a blank story from the blark "Seventy-five cents." board. Make ten original number-work "How do you know?" stories about a hen and her chickens, etc. "Because twenty-five cents and twenty Reading and \\7iting, of course, in connection five cents and twenty-five cents equals se,'· with language work. coty-five cents." "Can VOll tell me that stOrT in another A Nnvel W.y To Vol.. way?" W • "Yes; three times twents-fiV"e cents equals The Indians would start in opposite direc seventy-five cents. " tions and when they traveled so far they were "Don'tyou think this is a good deal of mon to return and form sides. the side having the ey for just three small chickens~ Would you most to elect the chief. At one time there like to make this much money-and a great was a little rivalry stirred up and the sidelos deal more? Don't you think a good way to 'ing was going to fight. That night, so Mr. make money would be to raise chickens? But Miller said, one of the Indians came to his you must not forget that you have to learn house and told him to take his family and go how to raise chickens, then do it correctly, or away, for they were going to fight, as they you will r.ot succeed. If you go about it had lost their chief, and they only bad to kill carele3sly, or without knowing how, your two from the opposite side and then they could chickens wont do well, or they may eyen get name the chief, but Mr. Miller said they sick and die. and you \\-i.lI not make any mon did not fight. They got together and fixed it ev at all. up all right. He also said that the Indians call '''We are going to keep an ac:count of this ed Upper Sandusky "Detiwr," and Little hen we are setting, to see just how much she Sandusky" Kawaslio." ~lr. Miller can talk and her chickens will cost us, how much they in the Indian language and itis quite interest will bring us. and how much we make. ing to hear him tell of the red man of the for "Susie, if you sold me three cbickens for 75 est. - Exchange. ~i I 58 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL II HOW TO DETEIOONE WHAT TO TEACH IN NATUli aim that defines and unifines the work? STUDY -A SAMl'LE LESSON. What big things will stand out in the minds of the pupils when they have gone over this LA. HAlal in H.... Slo.ly Rtmr. work? To some this test may seem to be a I! little formal to apply to the nature-study of HERE is a general feeling conceminl( the lower grades, but to the writer the work much of the work thatpasses as naturE> must bear this test if it is to be considered T study in our schools that It IS somewhat Ii worth while. fragmentary in its character and thatit tends Unless the teacher has pretty clearly defin· to lead to nowhere in particular. It is held ed in her own mind the port toward which that it concerns itself too much with a multi she is sailing, her educational bark may tend tude of little things that are more or less un to drift with the wind-to be carried hither related. In the study of any topic, a few and thither by counter currents and to find in more facts tacked on here or there, or left the end that it has gotten into a belt of cahru! out entirely, is of little concern. There is no where starvation is inevitable. A clearly de· feeling of 10 or inconsistentency hy teacher fined end in the recitation, vital in its relation or pupil. The bil( thing to do is to observe to the child, is as essential to the teacher and and gather data, hoping in the meantime that her little crew in their voyages, as is the com· all will be well in the end. In fact, the more pass to the mariner who sails upon the broad little things brought together, the more edu ocean. To be more concrete, you doubtless cative is the process thoul(ht to be. may have seen what may be styled "an aim· Now, it is easy to fool one's self into think less" recitation in which the thoughtof teach· ing that such work contains the essential er and pupils scattered over many little un· \ elements of value in the process of education. related things, without accomplishing any It breaks down in that it does not recognize thing in particular of worth. The facts dis· the worth of discriminating as to relative cussed had no binding thought to unite them values in dealing with the content side of and make them dynamic. nature-study. Like the farmer's hayrake, What can be done? Above all things con the scheme of teaching nature·study referred sider the nature of the child who is to receive to gathers everything that is in the way-hay, this instruction. Then consider the nature of thistles, last year's stubble, roots, etc., and the teachers who are to instruct tbe children. all passes as ·'hay." As the farmer occasion Finally consider the character of the subject ally discards a "bull-thistle" or root, so the matter and the means by which the same IS teacher may occassionally discard a few of to be brought inw the living relation to the the noxious things, but as a rule all isgarner· child. ed and labeled, "hay/' Unaturestudy, " "edu_ Let us consider the third point mentioned, I cational food, H "mental pabulum. II for it is here that the teacher needs much What is the matter? As has been indicated, help. We may think of it as falling under no standard is used by which the relative four heads, viz: worth of subject-matter is measured. There (1) The extent of the field of nature-study. is no basis which serves as guide in the selec (2) General principles that should guIde 10 tion of material. As a result the place of be the selection of materials. (3) The course ginning and ending is not clearly defined, con of study somewhat in detail. (4) The treat sequently the teacher rambles here and there ment of subject-matter. in ber teaching. Pupils bring to the recita Of these topics the second is most funda- .. the tion anything and everything and the teacher mental in that our action concerrnng rejoices and is exceedingly glad, because of tbe others ~ilI determine, in a large measure, quantity. As a teacher she is lauded and is by the way in which we answer this. \\~en pointed out as one having the ear-marks of we have determmed.t h e prmclp.. Iesupon which . upon an artist in the teacher's profession. nature-study rests we have a baslS If you doubt the truth of what has been which to determine the extent of the field and said, it is suggested that you quietly slip into what to put in our course of study, and wbadt several rooms where nature-study is being should be our method 10. deaI·109 W1.th meli" - taught and measure the worth of the work. ual topics. a II As you observe, ask yourself such questions The following principles are suggested as . d as: What is the center of recitation? Have gUl·d·e III p1annmg . a course I·n nature-stu y.d teacher and pupils clearly defined their prob (I) A vital human relation should be foun lems before making an attack? What is the in all the work undertaken. (2) The course THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 59 should contain within itself a rich content expensive are plants? How are they propa that is worth studying. (3) There should ex gated? How are varieties obtained? Which ist an intimate relation among the parts, hold varieties are self-fertilized and which need to ing the same together in such a manner that be fertilized byotbers? When should a straw the work covered from year to year will be herry bed he started? What kind of soil and progressive and united. drainage are best suited to the raising of If it does not bear an intimate human re strawherries? How should thesoil he prepared? lation tbe element of interest will be lacking How should the plant be set out in a bed? and the child will fail to see, to experience in What kind of cultivation should a strawberry the fullest measure, that which is presented. patch receive during the year? What protec If nature-study does not contain a rich con tion needs to he provided against drought? tent ,,;thin itself as a study it will surely How should the bed be protected during the fall into disrepute, as has been the case with winter? What are the different coverings that every study where content has been lacking. may be used and what are the advantages or If a relation which tends to unify the work disadvantages of each? From what animals does not exist at least in a hroad way, then does the patch need protection? What plant the outcome must be necessarily more or less enemies does one need to contend with and scattered and aimless. how may this he done best? How often does If space permitted, it would be well to a new bed need to he set out? Why is this take a number of topics, such as are taught necessary? How is it possible to raise straw in nature-study, and apply the above prin berries on the same patch of ground year after ciples to them to determine whether or not year and obtain good results? When and how they should be retained or rejected in mak often should strawherries be picked? How ing up a course for nature-study. Instead best put on the market? How handle the sin~le of doing this a topic will he discussed bed after the picking season? How much to illustrate what may be done in testing profit could could one make from an acre of others to determine their relative value. The strawberries? What better work could be °Strawberry" will be discussed. done in Domestic Science during the latter Let us first consider the value of this topic part of the spring term than to let work cen from a human standpoint. The strawberry ter on the preparation of strawberries in is our earliest fruit, coming at a time to fill various ways for the table? The subject of a decided human need. It is cultivated in all preserving and canning strawberrie::: makes a sections of the country. Tbe fruit is easily very practicable and thought-provoking topic preserved, thus making it possible to use it for girls in the seventh or eighth grade. at all times of the year. It is considered to In the third place the topic under considera be one of our hest flavored and most health· tion is one of as eries centering about thelarg ful of fruits. Enough ,trawberries may be ertopic, I'Home garden, J, or the broader topic, raised on a small patch to supplj; a family ..Agriculture." In this way it finds its place the writer picked 11S quarts from a patch 25 as a topic in a course and is not an isolated feet square during the past season. Many topic by itself_ people make much of their living by raising Out of this topic may grow several lines of and marketing strawberries. There are but activity such as: The examination of soils to few people who do not like strawberries. determine the best place for a strawherry bed. lany people make a business of suppl~;ng The various ways in which a soil may be strawberry plants to those who wish to set improved as to texture and richness. Tbe plant out beds. Boys and girls mal' be led to set ing of a strawberry bed in a school-garden. out strawberry beds at home throu~h the The care of the same.•'ew plants may be work done at school on the "Strawberry." supplied from the school-garden to children In the second place this is much rich con who wish to set out beds athome. Pupils may tent centering around the strawberry and its send for the reports gotten out by experiment cultivation. This becomes clear if its study stations and by the Government as to how to is centering about an aim as: What do you raise strawherries. There will be a compari need to know about how to make a success son of the herries of different varieties as to of raising and handling strawberries? size, shape, color, quality, hardiness and Such topics as the following will be fertility. The different insect and plant ene discussed under this aim: What varieties mies will he looked into and mean discovered do best in the section of the country stud to get rid of them. ied? From where mal' they be obtained? How One can easily know when he has finished 60 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL or gotten away from the subject under CO?· Observation and Discussion of tbe Industri. sideration, for whatever will help pupils In al and Literary Exhibit. understanding how to raise and handle straw WEDXESDAY 7:00 P. M. berries is legitimate work. However, not all Literary Entertainment by the Day and the points indicated for study are of equal rel Boarding School Children. ative value. One needs to use his judgment Address, Mi Estelle Reel, Supt. Indian in determining relative worth. Further, tbe Schools. work indicated might be the most formal TOL"lli'DAY 9 A. M. and bookish imaginable, if pupils were not so situated that they could carry out into life Class·Room Work of Boarding School Met the ideas suggested by their study. In other hods in Teaching Geography, Horace E. words the human interest migbt be at a low Morrow, Prin. Teacher Rapid City Boarding School. ebb as far as strawberries were concerned. THl'lISDAY 1:30 P. M. A country school would be an ideal place for such a topic. Io all of our smaller towns and The Esseutials of H)'giene and Sanitation villages this would afford good material for for Day hool, Dr. L. Slamberg. nature-study. In our larger cities much of How to Teach Indian Girls to Cook, ~Iiss L. Farrell. the work suggested would be inappropriate Discussison, Mrs. E. M. Keith,. ~Irs. E. L because there are as a rule no places for Rosecrans. strawberry patches. It would be sO much How to Teach Indian Girls to ew, Mrs. formal work tacked on. Paph Julian. Discussion, Mrs. Edward Truman, Mrs. T. PINE RlD(jE INSTlTUIE PROGRAM. J. Jackson. How to Teach Indian Girls to do Family The Institute last month held at Pine Ridge Washing, Mrs. E. Long. Ridge, South Dakota, was well attended by Discu,sion, Mrs. Paul Molzahn, Mrs. F. G. Indian Service workers adjacent to that ter Thickstun. ritory. Following IS the program as rend ered: Round Table conducted by Mrs. T. J. Hunt. How to Teach Indian Girls House-Keeping. TUESDAY 7:30 P. M. Instilling a Love for the Individual Home, Invocation. Song, America. Mrs. Herbert Tullson. ., How Can Visiting Aid Along These LIDes. Address of Welcome, Rev. A. F. Johnson. Your Discouragements, Encouragements, etc. Response to Address of Welcome, Rev. Fr. Schmitt. Mrs. F. Long. "11 Cleanliness I\ext to Godliness; What 11'1 Inaugural Address; Subject: "Why," Pres. Edward Truman. We Do About It? Mrs. August Harmon. d How to Ioculcate Habits of Economy an WEDXESDAY 9 A. M. Order in our Boys and Girls. ~Ir. E. W. Tru· How to Assist the Indian in Combating itt. r Tuberculosis, Dr. J. W. Walker. Care of the Sick and Aged and Younge, The Importance of Practical Problems, T. Children by the Elder; How Best Taught. J. Jackson. Mrs. G. W. Robbins. Discussion, Mr. T. J. Hunt, Miss A. A. Roser. TOI:RSDAY 7:30 P. II. Intensiye Cultivation in emk.\rid Regions, Addre -. Rev. J. Rookwood Jenkins A. E. Whiteis. FRIDAY, 9 A. M. Discussion, Mr. ~. Miller, Mr. E. W. Tru tt. Class·Room Work of ~Iission School Pupils. The Great Influence of ~Iusic. Recreations FRIDAY, 1:30 P. M. and Pleasant Surroundings upon the Menta I Nursing the Sick at Home, Dr. R. H. Ross. and Physical Life of the Child. .Ir. Julius Summary of Teachers' Patrons' Reports, Henke. J. J. Duocan, Day School Inspector. A st Discussion, Mr. Geo. Mentz, ~Iiss M. E. Queslion Box, Conducted by Mr. ugu Balmer, Mr. H. C. Obershaw. Harmon. . of WED: John Loco, one of the ~st-educated and most prominent leaders of the Apachetriheof News Out in The Field Indians, has just completed a fifteen days' sojourn through J. few Mexico and Arizona Mr. O. H. Lipps writes to the JOG""AL for the purpose of investigating conditions in that he has been transferred from bis new these territories, looking to the removal of position at Wahpeton, •'ortb Dakota, to Ft. the Apaches from the Fort ill military res L.pwai as superintendent and agen . ervation to these territroies. This was their old stamping ground. hut Loco was so unfavor Ree~ Ron. Estelle Superintendent of Indi· ahly impressed with the conditions there that an Schools delivered a very forcible and en he \\;11 not suggest the change. tertaining lecture before tbe Institute at the evening session Sept. 12. She bad an atten Mrs. E. H. DeVore has resigned the super tive audience, and was many times warmly intendency of the Tohatchi school on account applauded.-New Era, Rosebod, So. Dakota, of failing healtb. 'he expects to go to her Boarding School. ranch near Ourango. Colo.. for a time and Superintendent Ruben Perry, the efficient superintendent in charge of the l'avajo Agen cy at Ft. Defiance, Arizona, for the past few years, has been promoted to supervisor. Mr. Perry, we have no doubt, will make just as good an official in his new position as in his old one. The JOGRNAL believes he has experience, qualifications, and ability that especially fit him for a supervisor. We are in receipt of a program from the Tulalip Training school which was rendered at a "September Entertainment." The entire school, students and employees, took part and the numbers were so varied that it was a very interesting program. A program each montb of this kind at every Indian Boarding 'IRS. D""ORl: R. PERRY School would help the literary work very Who ~acritked mucb The Xew ~npe:r\i..or much. and also afford good entertainment. to help the.-naJo . Justice Gould of the Supreme court of the then visit her home in Iowa. Mrs. DeVore District of ColumbIa has upheld the contract has been a most faithful and successful work under which Messrs. Finkelherg, Kagle & Co. er among the .'avaho for more than fifteen of St. Louis, and Edward Smitb of Vinita, I. years. The school at Little Water was start T.. claimed 150,000 as attorneys for the Cero- ed by her a· a day scbool, and while still in a kee Indians in the claim of those Indians for little old mud building grew into a hoarding $5,000,000 in connection with tbe expenses of school. In fact, it was probably a hoarding their removal from the Eastern states to In- school m. a. small way from tbe very begin dian Territory many years ago. The contract mng.- .. atlve American. Phoenix Indian is koown as the Boudinot claim. School. Besides all the scbool teacbers and their The Jamestown,.'orth Dakota, Alert prints house-keepers the following may he consid the following item ahout Indian labor: More ered a partial list of others who attended the laborers for Milwaukee extension work have Institute: ~liss Reel of Washington, D. C., been sent west from the employment agency ~fr. McFatridge & Mfe of Winnebago Agen here, and grading operations are in full blast cy. Major and Mrs. Kelly, Dr. Tate. J. B. for some distance East of Miles City. A large ~lortsolf, Dr. and ~Irs. Fulke"on, Mrs. Eaton, number of Indians are working on the grade Mrs. Winnie Jordan, .Ir. Murphy, and Mr. and are said to he doing good work. They Clark and sons David and Hobart of the Agen handle teams and scrapers as well as anyone cy, Miss Peckham of Black Pipe. and )Ir. the only difference being that instead of tak 109 care of the teams they turn them over to and Mrs. Travis and .liss Florence DeBell of the squaws who feed and wat.r, hitch and Un St. Mary's School. -Rosebud. South Dakota, hitch the horses, while the Indian takes it New Era. easy for a spell. il • 62 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL • 20 in Chilocco's favor. The game is so dif ferent this year because of the new rules The News at Chilocco some of us find ithard to follow all the points made. Chilocco has reason to feel proud of CBIlOCCO ATHliTIC NOns, the showing they are making. When we con sider that no boy can play foot hall if he Saturday, October 13th, South-Western faBs hehind his grade in school work, we have College, of Winfield, Kansas, played the Chil reason to he douhly proud of our foot hall I: occo Indians at Chilocco. While heavier than boys. The game was played on Chilocco's the Indians, Winfield was easily held for fine athletic field. Officials, Love, Wyatt, downs, and could only make her distance by Risser. punting. The Indians played in fine form Past defeats were forgotten in a hurst of and at the end of the first half haJ! scored 5 enthusiasm when the first team returned • to Winfield's O. The second half was a snap from Fayetteville, Arkan as, where they py exhibition of clean football, the Indians played Arkansas University, with a score of using every minute to advantage, and Win 5 to 0 in Chilocco's favor. Band and hanners field fighting stubbornly for every incb of welcomed them at the train. A hanquet was ground. The visitors were outplayed in spread for them in the dining room ata gaily every way by the home eleven and when time decorated tahle, and songs of victory were was called at the end of the second half, the sung till the old stone walls fairly responded score stood 17 to 0 in Chilocco's favor. Only to the gala occasion. Roy McCowan was the once during the game "Was time lost by a re hero of the hour, for it was he that made the 'I sort to the rule book, and from the specta run of 40 yards that won the game. tor's point of view, owing to the open play It keeps one moving, who is an official in a ing and the punting allowed by the rules this game, to interpret the new rules correctly. year, the game was the best ever seen on our It is the general opinion that while the new athletic field. The features of the game was legislation against rough playing cuts out Chilocro's ability to get the ball wherever this had feature of foot hall, it increases the there was the slightest opportunity, the run po ihilites of disputes and misunderstanding. ning of Coutour and Duggan, and the end work of Oliver, McCowan, LaFlumbois and It is generally conceded that there are too many rules-too much red tape. With the Sousa. This was ChiJocco's fourth game this present rules to interpret it is certain no year and no eleven has yet scored against us. 1 Officials, Lovett and Miller. game of consequence should be started with out qualified officials in every position. II Tuesday, October second, chaperoned by Supt. McCowan, E. K. Miller and A. E. Lovett The girls have organized three very fair the first team journeyed to Wichita to meet teams of hasket hall. We have the material the veterans of Fairmount College on their with plenty of practice for a crack team. Let gridiron. Game was called at 2:45. The us be as much in earnest aboutihis, girls, as halves were to be 2O-minute ones and at the the boys are about foot ball. Who knows? end of the first it was evident that neither We may get the school to turn out for our team would score except on a sensational run home coming some time and a chicken supper or good kick. In the first half the Indians may await our arrival were penalized down to their I-yard limit, and Athletics are booming. Several teams of after Sou a and McCowan pulled them out of foot-ball have been organized and even the such nangerous quarters, the ball was kept small boys have caught the spirit. There ,s mostly in Fairmount territory. The game re no end to the wonderful games being played. sulted in a tie score, 0 to 0, and was stuh I: bornly-fought from start to finish. Fairmount The secvnd team of football boys played the I, is a strong and heavy team this year. The Woods County High School eleven at Helena, Indians did not play with theirusual strength Oklahoma on September 6th. The game re and snappiness, for they had just returned sulted in a tie-{) to O. from a hard week's trip to Arkansas. Offic Basket ball in the Gym started October 6, ials, Ruth, Lovett, Miller. when the Girls' first team played the Printers. ~O Saturday, Sept. 22, Chilocco's first team Score was to 5, the Printers winning. played Alva College. The I(ame was a fine, The second team playe. Alva College on tbe clean one all the way through. Score, 0 to 28th and were defeated by a score of 20 to O. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 63 NEWS NOTES BY STUDENTS. many fine floats. A special train' conveyed the students and employees to the city and r;annie Long is now adjutant of the comp return. .Ia~y of the Red Men delegates anies at Home Four. She makes a good one. visited the chool after the convention. Mr. McCowan, of Illinois, a brother to our superintendent, is visiting Col. and Mrs. Mc Chiman Stnbbs on Donb~nl Points. Cowan. From the report of the committee appoint The boys are packing apples in boxes to ed by the railroads to pass upon all doubtful keep till winter for the big dinners which will points in the Hepburn rate bill, it would seem come. that Indian ervice emplnyees can lawfully Mrs. Leith is teaching Domestic Hygiene be given but not half·rates bu t free tran this year, a subject which we scientific sen sportation if necessary. iors find very interesting. J. C. Stuhbs, chairman of the executive Thomas Hand, one of our 7th·grade scbool officers' committee, appointed about two mates has been out of school for quite a while. months ago by all the railroads west of Chicago We are glad to see bim back again. to study the doubtful points in the new rate law and to secure the ad>ice of counsel re ~Iiss Underwood entertained a few friends garding them, has completed the preparation at Home One, Monday evening, October fifo of the committee report on passenger matters. teenth in honor of her 12th anniversary at The report is in part as follows: Chilocco. HFree transportation cannot be given to Lulu Wilson and Lucy Snyder, Chilocco land or immigration agents unless they are graduates, are now holding positions at Law employees in such sense that the carriers ton. They write that they are well pleased legally could give them transportation as a with their work and surroundings. pass of gratuity. There was a lawn social at Home Four Satur IlThere is no authority in law for making day, Sept. 22. The girls and boys had a lower rates to land seekers and settlers than pleasant time. After the basket ball game, for other travelers. This interpretation seems Girls vs. Printers, in which the Printers won, to abolish the homeseekers' excursions which we played ring games until the bell rang. all western lines have been running for years. Il is fun to see Colorado boys lined up "The law committee advises that transpor around the office on Friday evening awaiting tation cannot de issued in payment for adver that piece of money that is theirs by right tising. It is generally accepted, however, of hard work dor,e during the summer. Sev· that carriers may carry an open account with eral bo)'s have been beard to say, "Wish I had publishers and that publisbers may carry an gone to Colorado." open account with carriers for advertising, and that these accounts can be balanced The JOl:RNAL is in receipt of an im;tation periodically. The balance, whatever it may which conveys the news that Stella Hall, a be, must be paid in cash. The transaction Chilocco graduate, will be married October 19th, at piro, I. T., to William Plake, a must be devoid of pre\ious agreement that graduate of Haskell. and a former employee the service done by ei ther party for the other is to be paid for in any other way than by here. Our best wisbes are extended. cash. The 6th grade is studying about the "Special reduced rates may be made for horse. Acollection of pictures of tbe different federal and state troops and officers and employees of the United tates geological breeds have been mounted on dark paper and sur:vey and reclamatIOn service in the future form an attractive picture for the walls in as III the past. Room 2. Horses are domestic animals and I ".~ 'uns, sisters of charity. missionaries nat~onal ~f think it valuable knowledge that we get or state officers Feligious organi: zatlOns, teachers and pupIl III Indian schools when we learn how to take care of him. officers of the Salvation Army and voluntee~ The Red Men of Kansas held a State Con of Amenca, It IS held, may be given free transportation. clave at Arkansas City, Kansas, Tuesday and ,. pecial rates for theatrical companies, Wednesday, October 16 and 17th. A feature baseball clubs, ets., are held to be discrimina. of the parade on October 16th was the Chiloc tory. co student body, representing the work car "Spedal rates for army and navy officers and t~eJr famd!es, which always have been ried on by Uncle Sam at this school. Five made III the past, are held unlawful for the hundred students took part. There were same reason.' J 64 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL A "RilURNID" STUDENT AT HOME. S=ry of Changes for A,gusL With all the jests and gibes as well as the Followipg is tbe official abstract of report cynical comments about the education of the to the Ci,-il Service Commission by Commis Indians, there are some notable exceptions to sioner Leupp for the month of August, 1906: the popular traditions about the laziness of • '0. of appointments 46 • '0. failed to accept 30 the Indians and their supposed forgetfulness • -0. absolute appointments 29 of the ways of the white man as soon as they No. reinstatements 10 leave the Government schools and return to No. transfers in this Service .. .j{) the reservation, says the Tucson Citizen. • '0. transfers from this ervice 1 J. TO. promotions and reductions Ii A striking exception is Robert Louis, a No. temporary appointments 22 Pima Indian, who has just arrived here from 1TO. resignations i Oklahoma, where he attended school after ~o Indians appointed 14 graduatinl( from the Phoenix Indian school. ,'0. Indians resigned 23 No. laborers appointed 2 As a resuit of his attendance at the Oklahoma "0. laborers resigned 3 school, he was fortunate enough to become a Ko. mamages 2 member of the Indian hand from that school. which visited the central section of the coun Th, Carlisi, Cadds on r.r>d~ try and wo~ loud praises in Chicago, Milwau kee, Minneapolis, t. Paul, St. Louis, Kansas The Carlisle Indian cadets gave the town a City and many smaller cities. surprise this .,;tfternoon, and a pleasant one. Louis' home was on the Sacaton resen'atian Headed by Major W. A. Mercer and the fa He was educated in the Government school at mous band of the school, they marched over Phoenix and graduated from that institution. the principal streets before going to the fair He learned the printing trade and was con grounds. Tbey marched exceedingly well, nected with the mnnthly which is issued by and on the whole presented a fine appearance. the pupils of that school. Carlisiers to a citizen were proud of them, After leavin~ the Phoenix school he went and when the hoys appear in the parare at to a larger Indian school at Chilo"co, Oklaho Harrisburg Thursday they will take a tack ma, where he was also connected with a seat for no soldier in that city. The officers school magazine. wpre on horseback and a handsomer set can He has finished his education in the Govern not be seen anywhere. - Carlisle (Pa.) ment schools and has come home to locate. Sentinel. He is an unusually bright Indian_ Visits Th, East With Wrlcom,. He declares that the larger number of the Indians who are educated in the Government 610 Central Avenue, Plainfield _'. J., schools put their learning to good use. He Oct. 3, 1906. JOI:R.~AL, states that many do not return to the reserva The !NDLL" SCHOOL tion but follow up the trade which they learn Chilocco, Oklahoma. in schools. He added that most of those who Dear Sirs: It is with great pleasure that return build for themselves modern adobe I enclose one dollar for renewal of my sub houses, with shingle roofs and engage in the scription. I am DOt only willing but glad to peaceful occupation of farming, and are pay the additional half dollar with the pros greatly looked up to by the balance of the pect of having the JOUR."AL increased In SIZe tribe. The failure of many Indians to return and scope. To us who are interested In the th~ to the reservations, together with the fact most interesting people of the country, Indians, your periodical .. always amos that the Government annually takes )'oung welcome and valuahle monthly vIsItor. Indians away to the schools to be educated, Sincerel)" yours, may result finally in the depopulating of the A. C. MCCREA. reservations, Louis says. A> On, Editor Looks .t IL Note: - Robert Louis is a fine type of a The Indian has served his apprenticeship to Pima Indian student. He was a member of civilization, and whether heis abJeoT un~?~~ ~o the JOURNAL force while at Chilocco and is bear some of the "white man's Lurden, IthS trustworthy, honest, industrious, and a gentle pretty certain that he will no longer. blj. cd men. Such young men are a credit to their white man's burden. If we have ~ot CIVll~he poor Lo we are fasteliminating hIm from tribe and to their school. paths of progress.-St. Louis RepubliC. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 65 hare and the turtle and you know boys, how The News at Chilocco that came out. The Hiawatha Society had a pleasant meet ing Friday evening Sept. 27th. After a short Fine weather!-Octoberisabeautiful month program oflicers were elected for another in Oklahoma. quarter, as follows: President, Grace Miller; Dr. Clark, of Winfield, chaperoned a large vice president, Betty Welsh; secretary, Maud party to Chilocco this month. Wade; treasurer, Mrs. Dodge. The places vacant here now are: Black The Hiawatha ociety held an evening's smith, assistant matron, housekeeper, teach· entertainment at Home Four Octoher 5th in er, and band ieader. honor of Martha Arnold, its president, who leaves the school for Ft. Bidwell, Cali. The The Miller Brothers, of the 101 Ranch south reputation of Home Four as entertainers did of us, made the tudents a pre ent of several not suffer hy the holding of this pleasant af harrels of nice huns this mon h. fair. A. E. McFatridge agent, at Winnehago, Steve Pensenean, Keya James, Levi Gil Nehraska, accompanied hy Mrs. McFatridge, strap, Frank Stew..t, Bert Antone and Ralph made Chilocco a visit last month. Bon, deserve honorable mention for earnest, We all regret Mrs. McCowan's illness and careful and thoughtful work in dairying. We hope she may speedily recover. We miss her hope hy next month to have a larger list for pleasant face on her daily rounds. this kind of work. Such boys are the kind that are sure of success in the end. Mr. Crofoot has many harrels of fine cider vinegar for school use. Chilocco orchards The girls are glad to take up their domestic bore more abundantly than ~ver this year. science lessons again under the able direction of Miss Allingham. They never tire of their Simon Marques, a Chilocco graduate, writes work in this department and are always en us that he has a position at the Albuquerque, thusiastic about any suhject they study. One New Mexico, Electric Light Co., and is doing young lady was heard to say: "We learned nicely. to make apple sauce today and it was good Miss Rogers. the new-third grade teacher, enough to eat, too." She knew by experience. has arrived. All third-graders are happy, as they felt it a hardship not to be ahle to go to The mornin~ exercises of the school are a school. pleasant feature of the school work. We now have a choir in each division and there is A popular game at Chilocco is Tennis. Four no little rivalry between them. Interesting arc lamps have heen erected on the court and as well as instructive stories are read and a game is in progress until 10 o'clock most each Friday some pupil reads an original com every evening. position. Last Friday we enjoyed "A sum. Mrs. Collins has left for Pierre, S. D., mer's Vacation in the Beet Fields of Colorado" where she joins her hushand, who is employed hy Richard Morton. Its writing showed there. We regret to lose her, hut what is thought and it was read in a good clear voice. our loss is Pierre's gain. Students will volunteer compositions for the future. The new Chief Clerk, Mr. F. Conser, made us a short visit this month. He was accom ~ new student's first impression: "When panied hy Mr. V. No Roadstrum, of the De 1 first came to Chilocco I thought I was com partm.nt of Justice, and Lieutenant King, ing into a town. I had no idea it was like it U. S. A. is. I had heen used to a small school with Mr. Lipps, we are glad to say, has fully re about 115 pupils and about 13 employees. covered from his operation of a few weeks Here they have electric lights, cook hy steam, ago and has left for his new school at Wah and w3sh and iron hy electricity. All the peton, N. D. The good wishes of Chilocco huildings are made of stone. I think Chiloc go with him. co is a very good school and such a pretty ~lace too. \'tnen 1first saw Chilocco, I thought The Sequohah Society has not been heard It was such a pretty place, the huildings look of this year. If there is any raceon hetween so stately, and then those vines on them give it and the Hiawatha it must be that of the such a grand appearance. Altho' 1 don't 66 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL know one balf of the people here. tbe ones instructive and interesting to us all. I do know seem very nice." The literary program consisted of' recitation by Myrtle Prova; recitation, The American Juanada Parker, daughter of Chief Parker Indian, George Selkirk; vocal duet, Give wel of the Comanches, and a Chilocco student come to the Swallows, Misses Long and Wal several years ago, was recently married to ton; recitation and pantomime, Maud Muller, Walter Komah, a Comanche Indian, who re primary pupils; recitation, Tbe One-Iej(ged ceived his education at Carlisle. She was on Goose, Grace Miller; harp solo, Miss Mayes. her way to Chilocco to accept a position here, If the remaining programs follow the pace and was suddenly married at Oklahoma City. set by this one they will have to be excellent. They will reside on their land in Oklahoma. Every number was fine. The primary tots showed much training and the raking of tbe bay was realistic. The dance program was next in order. As all tbe children have been looking forward to this treat, they enjoyed it to the utmost. Mr. Risser's classfurnisbed refreshments. They cleared the neat sum of $18.55, which will help in a small way to provide much needed apparatus for their class-work. NF:WS IIDlS BY PUPILS. We are studyiog Domestic Hygiene in the 7th grade. The weather here is just fine; not too hot nor too cold. Mrs. Risser is expecting to have a fine class in elocution this year. Mr. Carner is giving us lessons in drawing every Saturday morning. We have a good many new teachers and they all seem to be very nice. The choir is I(etting to be very large. We will soon have some fine singers. There are so many pupils in the 7th grade there are not enough seats for them all. Everyone enjoyed and appreciated Mr. JUANADA PARKER, Davie's solo in Sunday school Suneay. A Good Type of the Indian Student. Miss Phillips elected new officers at Home two. She got a new captain, Erma Osborne, Juanada, who is a striking type of the edu from Home four. She divided the large com cated Indian, has been holding a position at pany uA. II A lot of Home Fourgirls weres~Dt Ft. Sill Boarding School, near Lawton, since here, they were so crowded there. MISS leaving Chilocco. She is far better equipped Phillips certainly has her hands full now. to assume the responsibilities of home-mak Charles Addingt OFFIQAL REPORT OF INDIAN SCHOOL ~el1ie .. ·orri... teacher, Arapahoe. 660. to teacher. Cro~"'i Lake..)40. CHANGES FOR MONTH OF AUGUST. Katherin~ Brown. ~eamstre~:'l. Crow. oj()() to ~eamstn:...., Salem. roo. Lorenzo D. Jame~. carpenter. )Iuqui. ":\00. Appoinlmmls. to carpenter. S~neca, i~ll. Che..ter E. Faris, teacher. 'ho~bone, filiO, Della )fartin. baker. "eneca, 400. to clerk. \Yittenberg-, I~ll. Rose £. \Yalker. nUT:o-e, Seger, 600. ....ora.1. Holt, ~eam~tre~... Fort 'ill. ,jl)(l. ~lary I. )JarmoD, nur::oe. Crow. 600. to seam.. tn;: ..... Jicarilla. ;j()(). D. R. Rhodes. farmer. Cintab. &iO. Geor"e D. l haffee. iud·1. teacher. Seger, Harry Lama:--on. ma..,clO, Carib-Ie. 'j~O. tiOO. to engineer. Tulalip. "'-lO. Je3Se C. ~ull. dainman. Carlisle. 4- • Jennie F. )lcInt\Te...eam~tre, ... Zuni. .)00. Carrie A. Walker. teacher. "ittenherg. Rid~e OW, to tedchcr, Ft. Shaw. tiOO. )Iae Taplin. teacher. Pine Day, 600. :\.Ian L. \Yhbnant. teacher. Flandreau, Augu~t O,:,llurg. a~ ..t. carpenter Ba: kel1, 600, to teacher. Ft. Seaw. I~O. 600. :\Jars Kinzie. a..sl. matron. Cro\\""creek. Chas. R. Stenberg. hlacksmith. Geona, E. -lOll. to l)eam~tre~... Tomah, 540. •20. )largerj' TaJlor. laundre..... Fort Lapwai. Carl \Yieland, band in:;tructor. Chilocco, 420, to ~eam.. tre~~. Car..on. 4- I. StO. Jo~ephjlle .Jacob... ~~am .. tr~:-o ... Yermillion ~1cPher.:lol1 C. )Iaddox. tea(.ber. Klamath. Lake. ;.lOO. to matron, YanKton. :>40. 660. !:iu..all ~luncridI, ~eam:,tre"", Springfield. )lilo B. Pincomb. indu~llal teacher. San 420. to :'It·am.. tTt:~~. ·prill.!{tield.540. Jaull, ':!G. Jame~ T. \Yilliam~on, engineer, Ft. haw. ~largart't Haldaman, teacher. Yermillion. tit:iO. to enl{ine~r. Tongur Ri"er, 900. Lake, t)(1O. Emil Trulbh. ph)":'lician. "t'~tc:rn Xa\'a Be:-.sie Jl. Powell. a .....h.tant ..ram:slres:s. jOt 1000 to ph'y~ician, Tohatchi, 1000. Shoshone. 360. Elizabeth J. Arnor. mal ron, Zuni. 600, to E\"aog-eline R. Houghtling. kinder!!art· a"lsi .. tant matron, Fort :\Ioja\'e, 500. ner. Tulalip, 600. Sophie E. Picard. a":'lt. maLron. Hayward, 500, to as~t. matron. Ft. Totten, 500. HlI~e Haller. a"'ish,tant matron. Fort Hall, Rtinsbtnnents. ,:>00, to hULl~ekeeper. ~herman, MO. Fannie H. Cook, :seam:-.lres... :\Ioqui. .>40. Lucy A. LuttrdJ. matron. Cherokee, 61JO, Joseph Iliff, Illdustral teacher. Seger, t)(}(). to patent offIce, \Ya~hiDgtonl D. C. Oliver:-:i. Rising, cook. Yermillion Lake. Frank L. :\lurri:-oon. a:,,~t. engineer. Genoa, •)00. 600. to eng-ine~r, Warm Spring:-o, i20. Carrie E. Wick~, matron. White Earth, Edith D. White, teacher. 'Yild Rice Riv 600. er, MO. to teacher, Grand Junction. 600. Aurilla O. \Yarner. laundres,. Cherokee, ""'iBis :\1. Gillett, farmer. Fort lJojave. 5:!O. I~O. to indu:-otral teacher. )lescalero, I:!O. Anna )1. Shafer. ~istant matron. Fort Hiram Jane:"!. a. "i:-otant farmer. Ha~kell, Sill, 500. liOO. to d::'lciplinarian. Cheyenne River, 660. Emma L. Moses. seam~tress. Colorado EdJthe T. Hall, teacher, Grand Junction. River. 600. .~I. to a....t. teacher, Wild Rice Rh·er. 540. Jennie :\1. Caldwell. a ..... i..tant matron. Alpheu, R. Brid~ Chas. E. Shell, superintendent, Pala, John H. Stranch, engineer, Warm Springs, 1400, to superiotendent, Cheyeune and i20. Arapahoe, 1500. Jeanette E. Downie. eamstress, Talulip. 500. RtsiguUODS. Harry A. Schuyler. engineer, Xa"ajo, 900. E. L. Gray, matron. Santee. 500. E"erell A. Johnson, teacher, Fort ).lojare, M.ary Gillen, nurse, Hayward, 600. ;20. Rose Glass. DUT::ie. PortShaw, 600. ).lattie J. Forrester, matron, Fort).loja.e, :Marie Pattee, cook. h03boDe,540. 660. ).linnie F. Lyoch. cook. Xa.ajo. 600. Florence E. Peterson. matron, Fort Le...· Jas. F. Koons. teacher. Santee, 660. i3., 600. Ella C. Mason. cook. Fort Lewis. 5:!O. August Osburg, assistant carpenter. Has Emma Kane, teacher, berman, 600. kell, 600. EuDora Cox. laundress, Sisseton, 4:!O. Wm. D. Gates. Supt. of Industries, Has· ).lay L. Kraft, teacher. i- eton. 600. kell. 900. Lillian Patrick, teacher. Santee. MO. Edward ~l. Rogers, teacber, Bullhead, Cordelia Galliet. Cook, Klamath, 500. 60 per mo. Marie.D. DiewaJl, baker, Oneida, tOO. ~Iartha D. Kaufman, teacher, Vermillion Jesse C. Xull, dairyman, Carlitile, 480. Lake, 600. Ida Turner, Seam tress, Rosebud. 480. Wm. A. Roseberry, teacher, Sac and Fox, ).lertis L. Riddle. teacher, Genoa, 540. Okla., 660. ).lattie Oben. teacher, Fort Shaw, 660. Cornelia Stroch, assi taot matron, Fort Mollie Allen, cook. Warm Springs, iiOO. Shaw,6OO. . Bert R. Betz, teacher, Fort Lewis, 660. Cecelia Camenzind, seamstress, agncul Fred A. Richter. engineer, Tulalip, i20. tural, 480. Mag-gie Davis Wilks, cook, Cintah. ~. Bertha McCaudless, seamstress. Colorado Hattie Eg-new, seamstress, Seneca, MO. River, 600. Charles E. James, baker, Sherman, 600. C. K. Peck. teacher of agriculture, Pipe· Frances Elling-sworth, haker, Seneca, 400. stone, 900. Margerie S. Harrelson, cook, S. Ute, 400. Emma S. Fletcher, seamstress, Truxton J. B. Smith, engineer, Tongue River, 900. Canon, MO. Grace M. Chapman, matron. YanktoD,MO. Bertha W. Clark, teacher, Wild Rice EI rira P. SlIrkness. cook. Blackfeet, 420. River, 600. Lambia C. Vanderberg, nurse. Seger, liOO. George F. Barnhart, industrial teacher, Frallk E ~IcCune, laborer. Umatilla, 480. ~loqui. no. Lizzie Orme, laundress, Fort Yuma, 540. Editb L. Cushing, kindergartner. Warm Mary B. Bibb. cook and baker, SeJ[er, 500. Springs, 600. Mary 1. Leader, teacher, Shosbone, MO. ~fary E. Li ter, domestic science teacher. Katherine A. Stanton. sook, Siletz. 500. Chilocco.660. Carl Wieland, band teacher, Chilocco, Caroline O. McCandless, asst. matron. 840. Sberman, 500. E. Corbett, assi tant seamstre ", Carlisle, Hattie Cra'\'"eo, ahsistant matroD, Fort 300. Belknap. 500. R. Benson O. Sberman, blacksmith, Genoa, E.a Anderson, Kindergartner. amy 660. ).lountain. 600. kf t Pearl ~artin, a3sistant matron, Jicarilla, Samuel A. Selecman, teacher, Blac ee 500. day, 60 per montb. . Blanche Hickman, kindergartner. Otoe, William P. Taber, teacber, CapItan 600. Grande, ;2 per mo. laundre~s, Theresia Steinbauer. Pierre, Grace D. H. Reb...old, teacher, Independ· 480. Charles H. Park, teacher, Pine Ridge, ence Day, ;2 per mo, 600. Ivah H. Baocock, assistant matroD, Etta Hynes Peck. teacher. Pipestone, Grand Junction, MO. MO. Anna ~l. )lendenhall, ~Iatron. Fort Sill, 600. Appoinbnmts-Exaptol Positioos. Blanche A. Silcott, tearher. Fort Sill, Pie~re, 540. Peter Collins, engineer, i20. Pboebo StHens, baker, Ooelda. tOO. 500 _.Geo. E. Turner. Disciplinarian, Rosebud, Chas A. Pierce, assistant. Flandreau. 480' ,20. Amelia E. Clark, lauodre.s, Ft. SIJl 300' Dylla Kurka. Assitant ~Iatron. Rosebud, Jennie T. La.e, hou ekeeper, Rosebud.400' 520. Emil James, nightwatcbman. Tulaht, 500' Hattie B. Parker, laundress. ShOshone, George Brig, gardener, Panguttcl, 4 : 480. Josiab Oldman, gardner, Shoshone, . m William ~litcheJl, carpenter, Shoshone, Joel W. Tyndall, Discip., Chamberla • 660. Lavilla M. Horner. seamstress, Tomah, ~essie Lightfoot, laundre,s, Vermillion, MO. Lake, 360. ... THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL 69 John B. Dawson, nightwatchman. Fort Jo:-epbine Ruberts, hou:,ekeeper, Sia, 30 Peck,400. per mo. Leader C. KennedJ"1 assistant e01!ineer. Elizabeth Young, teacher. Seama day, j2 Genoa, 600. per mo. Cha.:,. D. Wheelock, assistant en1!ineer. Frek Tall Crane, nifbtwatchman, RO:ie· hoshone, 600. bud, 360. John Reoowl, shoe and harnessmaker. Herbert Bulfalobo]'·. carpenter. Standing Cheyenne Hi,er, 500. Rock. 4~. Rohert Leith. a~~jstant carpenter. Chi Iocca, 600. Resign,UollS-uc INDIAN ApPRE."iTICES CO. 'STRCCTING A BUILDING AT THE GENOA (NEBRASKA) SCHOOL. .. Courtesy Genoa Ind.ian New•. 70 THE INDIAN CBOOL JOl:RNAL-ADVERTISING ECTION Iolami in musapan 3Jnbian Jopboob aub Q&tlJ£r~ .KTELLIGEXT people like to read good books. The time to enjoy an interesting story is in the evening after the day's work is over and your mind is in that condi· tion to fully absorb what yOll read. Are you a reader? Do yOll enjoy good books? If yOll do you will be in terested to know that THE INDIAN PRIXT SHOP has for distribution a limited number of very good volumes describing Indian Handicraft, Indian Life, etc. People who have read Dr. Eastman's Indian Boyhood, Clara Kern Bayliss' Lolami in Tusayan, pronounce them not only interesting. but instructive. The White Canoe is equally good. Read the list below and write us to forward what you would like Lolami in Tusayan, regular price, 5Oc; our price, 35c Lolami, the Cliff Dweller, regular price, 5Oc; our price, 35c The White Canoe, _.regular price, 31.00; our price, 60c Indian Boyhood, regular price, $1.60; our price, 1.00 How to Make Baskets•.....reguJar price, $1.00; our pr!ce, 60c ~Iore Baskets and How.to Make Them, $1.00; our pnce, 60c These books are in the regular cloth bindings and are cheap only ill price. We will send each book postpaid upon receipt of the price as lon~ as they last, and will take pleasure in retuming to you yo~' m~ll; ey If you are not perfectly satisfied with your purchase. Isn't thIS fall" - ADDRESS ORDERS FOR THESE BOOKS TO lii'e INDIAN PRINT SHOP' INDI AN HAN DIe R AFT E RS J! CHI L 0 ceo, 0 K LA THE I:'DlAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION 71 E. KIRKPATRICK, FURNITURE, WINDOW SHADES, CAR DON'T PETS.~UEENSWAJlE,STOVES. Undertaking a Specialty. FORGET Easy 'Payments, '7IrHAT our Shop has a very nice line ~ of GOOD Indian Handicraft that ARKANSA CITY KANSAS. we are willing to part with if we get our price. Everything Indian is a fad now days, and a Hopi Placque, a GEORGE O. cALLEN, piece of Hopi or Acoma Pottery, a Tesu que Rain God, a Navajo Saddle Blan ket, Navajo Rug, or a couple of avajo Wall Paper, Painting, Pillow Tops, would answer for Holiday Signs. Gifts. Don't wait until the last minute. Order now. JII JII JII JII SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. fI.Three Navajos shipped upon approval to RESPONSIBLE parties. Pottery shipped ONLY at the purchaser's risk. 1. S. YOUNKIN 1iie IND IA N PRINT SH OP. Ha'S se'l \"alue" 10 Where They SELL REAL Indian Handicraft. FOOTWEAR Arkansas City. Kansas. A SIGN OF EAGLE LOAN CO. JEWELRY. WATCHES, DIAMONDS. THE BEST BICYCLES. SPORTING GOODS. BICYCLE SUNDRIES. n People in the Indian Service ~often want private stationery everyone, anywhere, in any business Unredeemed Pa"", Pledges always on hand ata Bargain who is up-to-date, does-Do You? THE INDIAN PRINT SHOP does Watch and" Bicycle Repairing a Specialty work for quite a few people in the 210 South Summit St. Arbnsis O!y. K>.mas. service. The above trade mark tells the tale. When you wish something CALL. AND SEE US! printed, tell us about it and we'll talk it over. Samples sent. Address BUNKER v-1; FRETZ either Superintendent U"cCowan, Cbiloceo, or THE INDIAN PRINT The Up-to-date Dr'IIggists SHOP, same place. JII JII JII 915 Sooth Sommit St, ArkallSlS City. KaIlSlS. Mention THB JOLRSAL whenever }'on wnte our ad.ertisen.. 72 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION ~ ~ Sturm's Oklahoma eMagazinee JIl15BLlSHED at Oklahoma City, is the only stand ~ ard magazine published in the southwest. It is de,-oted to Greater Oklahoma, her people, resources, In dian lore, schools, social life and history. The Mag zine is of the style of ~Iunsey, ~lcClure and Everybody's, handsomely printed and well illustrated. It is a publi cation in which all loyal Oklahomans take pride and from which anyone, whether a resident in the new state or not, will gain much valuabe information. OXE MONTH OXE DIME; O~E YEAR OXE DOLLAR. Jir. Advertiser: If you have something to sell, and want to talk to the people all over the new state, you can do so through this magazine, as it has 100,000 read ers in Oklahoma. There is not a rillage in the new state in which it does not circulate, and the larger and more enterprising the town, or city. the larger our list of readers. The banker, doctor, lawyer, teacher. preacher, business man and the farmer read it. Then, too, they think so much of it they keep it in their li brary or on their desk and hundreds of them have it bound and will preserve it for their posterity. Such a publication is bound to gi,-e the ad,-ertiser the best pos sible results and those who have used our space have got ten such results as have made them our permanent ad vertisers. Write for space and our terms. Address: ~turm'g Q&klaboma Jllaga?ine OKLAHOMA CITY. OKLAHOMA. U. S. A. T Menuon tbe JOt:'B..'iAL wbeneTer yon write onr adyerw,er.... THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL ADVERTISING SECTION 73 r-MUCHFOR ~NE DOLLAR" The JOCRXAL will be sent until January first, 1!l08 to all new or old ~ • \ VE HAYE a complete and unusally attracti,-e assoltment of • r these beautiful and unique Pillow CO\'ers and Miniature ~ Looms. They are in all the colors and designs found in the Xayajo Blankets, and are just the thing for your den Indian corner, or collection. (l\re ha"e the Pillow CO\'ers in either the nati,-e wool or Germantown yarn; I they are about 22 inches square. The Looms are minia I ture reproductions of the real thing, having a real blanket woy- en half finished; 1 x20 inches. Cm-ers are 1.50; Looms 1.00 ~~~t~g$!il~g THE IN'DIAN PRINT SHOP C u. S. INDIAN SCHOO~ CHILOCCO, OKLAHO J 74 THE INDIAN ScHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION NORTH,EAST AND WEST FINE SERVICE (8), LOW RATE Best Line to St. Paul and Minoeapolis.-Trains leave Kansas City 11:35 a. m. and 9:40 p. m. Best Line to Chicago.-The "Eli" leaves Kansas City 6:20 p. m. (IJlest Line to St. Louis.-Three fast trains from Kansas City: 10 a. m. -9:15 p. m. -11:45 p. m. Best Line to Denver.-Leave Kansas City 9.50 a. m. and 9:40 p. m. (lJ!est Line to the Great Northwest. - Black Hills, South Dakota, Billings, Butte and Helena, Mont.; Spokane, Seattle and Tacoma, Wash., and Portland, Oregon. - Leave Kansas City 9:50 a. m. and 6:05 p. m.-Through Tourist and Standard Sleepers and Chair Cars. C. B. OGLE, T. P. A., E. A. ABBOTT, S. W. P. A., 823 Main St., Kansas City, c7>l0. Kansas City, :7>10. THE POPULAR SHORT LINE BETWEElI ST. LoUIS, KANSAS CITY AND POI~'TS IN ARKAXSAS AXD INDL...." TERRITORY AlID AR' KANSAS CITY. ELEG.~~'TLY EQ'C'lPPED TR.\IN TO COLORADO AND THE PACIFfC COAST. H. C. Tovv:n.se:n.cl. G. P. & T. ".\.. ST. LoUIS. MIS OURI. The J01U'l1a1 Covers a Field all its Own The Only Way to Reach Employes of the U. S. Government. MenUon tbe JoUlUi~ wbenenr you write onr advertisers. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION 75 Beautiful STERLING Indian Art SILVER Enameled Red, White, Green Prrct SOc STERLING SILV:ER SPOONS. X 1 ~J.6;). aU'Cll -t ... izl" '~Iah ThedifftteDcc1letwftn Hi •...and"fi iltgtuhediJ. tieren_c ~ a:l. A rJIC aDd l.Il Ita te AnD. Ch I A BARGAI0:S L T TICKETS ----- VIA THE ------ROCK ISLAND THERE i hardly a place you can think about go ing that the Rock Island can't help you on your way Colorado, California, ~fexico, the Great Lakes, the Atlantic or Pacific Coast: we ha\'e Special Rates to all these places. (JlSend for Literature and Rates GEO. H. LEE. Gen. P.,•. At•.. ]. S. ~leNALLY. Div. P.,•. At•.. Little Ro<:k. A,k. OU.hom. Ci'Y. O. T. CHILOCCO SO 'TEL TIR VIEWS-JOe ..~•••••• 0,The Indi:l~ Print Sht p has rec..-en.t1 y i,,- ~ :"ued a 'lew Book of the ChllO('l"O • • Indian 'hoot Thi..; book (·ontain ... .>~ half-tone ,"iew..; of ChilOC"CO and we are -.eU • o'RE-t i"l' it at Ill<' per book-about what the rna. • ME\l- 'iW terial in it (Oo...t. CLThe booklet i.. bound • 1 L • with a ...ilk (·.eml arxl make..; a ple&ing gift. We will mail you (Ioe upon ft"C"eipt")f prire. • BER!. (L\ddr.,.., rde" t< : The JOURXAL is: ~ .You: $1.00 per year .. The Indian Print Shop, ~ ~w c S. In/ian Sd: 1/, Chi/ocm. Ok/a ~.~•••• ~•• Mention the JuCB...'U_L wbenuer you write oar adl"ertisers. 78 THE INDIAN ScHOOL JOlllNAL-AnVERTlSING SECTION ~ (pelt of 3Jnbian ~ongg lecture = ~ecital Bl' lISS FRA TeES DE SMORE "GISHIGOIQUA" PART Primitirtl JlldVUl SOll9' vilA urromplw' '11 oj halld r!nppir'g. ffltdiri"e rollll". 10m tom and flNJ 'lira ",...,,1 /Q9,tJur: Kwakintl Song of the Potlatch. The Gift of Peace. Song of the Pel> ble Game. Geronimo's Song. Tigna Dance of the Wheel. Fnneral Song to tile Spirit. PART II 8 ([.U\1iss Densmore's first recital of Indian music was given more than ten years ago. The present program opens with primitive songs accompanied by hand-clapping, t?m tom, rattles and sticks, and includes social, ceremonial and war songs from eIght different tribes ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ FOR TERMS and DATES: Address: ~igg jfranCeg J)engmOre Red Wing, Minnesota Mention the JOI:RSAL whenever yon write our adnrtisers. THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION 79 We thoroughly understand the wants of the alUeal buyer. OperaUng the most complete Engraving and PrlnUng Mall. Order plant In Amerlea day and n1gbt. you receive prompt service, sattslaetory goods and prlees that create friends wbether you He In Mexico, New York or 'frtseo. m1l5tnUoas of uuy Ida. aDd .esertptJ~ dtllu.. eGlon or M.ek.... wMt£. PrIaIIat...ell .. ~ds..fiDe catalogs, prfVllt~ COli espoudeaee ..PU. oIUre. slatioauy. de. U "us uu.td pro.pUy aDd utIstleal.l7. Work RIp. or MODe.l" Baek. WIIJTE NOW AND "WE'lL DELI\IEII THE GOODS. Mention Ta. JOUR.'UL wb~never you write to our advertisers. 80 THE INDIAN SCHOOL JOURNAL-ADVERTISING SECTION THE MOUNTAIN WAY Resorts, Camping, World's Best Scenery Fine Fishing, Hunting and Recreation The Midland Route "Hits the BuB's Eye of the Rockies" Finest Dining Car Service; Colorado, Utah, California tfYI0RELL LAW, General Agent, C. H. SPEERS, G. P. A., 566 Shiedley Bldg., Denver, Colo. Kansas City, Mo. Troy Laundry Machinery Co. OUR LINE IS THE LARGEST, BEST (81 MOST COMPLETE WRITE US FOR CT ALOGUE AND LAUNDRY GUIDE Troy Chicago New York San Francisco Go to St. Louis or Chicago --VIA- Direct Line from Oklahoma, Indian Territory, Texas and Kansas. Save time and trouble by writing us for information and rates. F. E. CLARK. D. P. A. D. C. FARRINGTON. T. P. A. Wichita. K~ O~lahoma City, Oklahoma MenUon the JOt:R.o."UL whenever yOD write our adnrtlser~. Wurlitzer Band Instruments Drums, Fi fes, Clarionets, Etc. UJf you want drums, trumpets, band or orches tra instruments, pianos, phonographs, etc., for the school, don't fail to write us before purchasing. JiI L RGEST ASSORTM ET To he found in This Country You are urgently requested to Consult us before buying Band Instruments and supplies. Our experience of fifty ears places us in a position where we supply right goods atthe right prices. Our Artist's Symphony Band Instru ments are the height of perfection, and are used by leading Bands and soloists. WE CARRY A COMPLETE LINE OF THE FAMOUS Buffet Clarionets, Bas- soons, Oboes, Saxophones and the Renowned Duplex Drums 014 IlIstrameuIs Takea In Tlade [ equipped WIth enry fa ly for prompt We are alway wilHOit to take old instru menL.. D trade 4t.8 pan pay OD Sew Instru. and flnt ass repair1DC ·othiDc bo.t til meDt."'i or as pay for mn Ie of our OWll pab- ed. labor employed. PrIces reuoaable. 1 a D. I.lBIlIU.L .LLOW... IIU.»&, e Publish Up-to-date Band and Orchestra Music Violin Pub or the Orcb-. or Comet Pans or the IIaDd Muoic, on application The Rudolph urlitzer Company MANUFACTURERS AIm IllPORTERS OF BAlm INSTRUMENTS 121 East Fourth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio llentloa tbe IOu.....L lfbeaenf J01I. write our ad1'f"rtlwn. 10 CENTS ONEDOLLAR PERCOPY PERYEAR Issued 'Ionthldiom the Indian Print Shop Chi/DeCO, Okla OCTOBER, 1906 LAGUNA PUEBLOS A Picturesque Community Atlqgazine Printed b.tlndians