ARIZONA INDIAN GAMING ASSOCIATION • ANNUAL REPORT FY 2006 Letter From The Chairwoman

It is our pleasure to present the third Annual Report for the Arizona Indian Gaming Association (AIGA). This report celebrates the contributions that gaming tribes are making for all Arizonans. Native people have a tradition of sharing with the community, whether we are sharing our knowledge and wisdom, artistic heritage or our natural or manmade resources. This tradition of cooperation and sharing is common to all tribes and is part of our culture. In Arizona, for example, in the 1800s, when the Pima people saw the needs of the military and settlers, they willingly shared their water and food with them. Sharing is a tradition that repeats throughout our history.

With the passage of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) and the subsequent agree- ments reached with the state of Arizona for tribes to establish and continue gaming on their lands, we are now sharing the benefits from our successful enterprises with our own people and with others throughout our state. The magnitude of sharing represents a remarkable change in a very short time frame. Twenty-five years ago, no one could have imagined that Arizona tribes, always the poorest of the poor, would be contributing millions of dollars every year to support education, health care, conservation and tourism to the state of Arizona. Or 1 that hundreds of charities would be helped every year by generous grants and donations from individual tribes.

While this report is a celebration of sharing, it is also a call to action. Tribal leaders are aware that, in sharing our resources, we are also making decisions that impact our own people. Tribal people have serious, unmet needs, whether they are living on the vast Tohono O’odham Nation in Southern Arizona, on the Fort Mojave tribal lands in the far Northwest or in the tiny Havasupai reservation located in the bottom of the Grand Canyon or on any of the other reservations in this state. Many of our people still live in substandard housing and suffer from a lack of adequate health care and basic social services. Some are still waiting for telephone service.

Since the passage of Proposition 202 in 2002, our industry is generating revenue for gaming and non-gaming tribes to help meet these unmet needs. But problems on Arizona’s reserva- tions are hundreds of years old. It will take many more years to correct centuries of neglect.

This report is a statement of progress made and promises still to keep. Above all, it affirms that the Arizona tribes are working hard to realize the full intent of IGRA which is to increase economic opportunities for Indian people so that our children and their children will have a better future. On behalf of the 19 tribes that are members of the Arizona Indian Gaming Association, thank you for your support and your interest in our industry.

Sincerely,

Delia Carlyle Chairwoman, Arizona Indian Gaming Association Letter From The Executive Director

With the fine leadership of our board of directors of the Arizona Indian Gaming Association (AIGA), AIGA completed another year of accomplishments. Under the direction of our executive committee, Chairwoman Delia Carlyle; Vice Chairwoman Bernadine Burnette; Secretary Herminia Frias; and Treasurer Carleton P. Albert Sr., the 19 member tribes continued to work with each other and with the state of Arizona to improve our industry, and comply with all tribal, state and federal regulations.

When I am asked to speak about tribal gaming, I always emphasize that governmental gaming on tribal lands was designed to help Native American tribes generate revenues to provide for basic governmental services because so many tribes continue to have such dire needs. In an article in the Wall Street Journal, October 11, 2006, Victoria Wight, director of Merrill Lynch’s Native American Banking and Financial Services Group, stated this well. “[financial] Advisors can sometimes forget that the tribe is a government and that the money is flowing back to provide services such as schools, hospitals and housing,” she noted.

2 I also describe how gaming on tribal lands is expected to help tribes move beyond a dependence on gaming for their economic livelihood in the long term. That same Wall Street Journal article quoted Steve Stallings, director of Native American Banking Services at Wells Fargo who emphasized, “Tribes are looking to diversify into areas where they can make attractive returns, and they also want to be viewed as good tribal corporate citizens by making investments in local communities.”

This report details how gaming tribes in Arizona are using their revenues to provide for basic governmental services for their members while diversifying their economies and also helping others. Four years after the voters of Arizona passed Proposition 202, AIGA member tribes are making a positive difference for all of Arizona.

Thank you for your support of our industry.

Sincerely,

Sheila Morago Executive Director AIGA Arizona Indian Gaming Association

The Arizona Indian Gaming Association (“AIGA”), a 501 ( c ) 6 non-profit organization, has a membership of 19 tribes representing 90% of the Indian people living on reservations in Arizona.

AIGA was established in November 21, 1994 by Arizona tribal leaders. The Association is committed to advancing the lives of Indian peoples–economically, socially and politically–so Indian tribes in Arizona can achieve their goal of self-reliance.

The Association is committed to protecting and promoting the general welfare of tribes striving for self-reliance by supporting tribal gaming enterprises on Arizona Indian lands. Speaking on behalf of its member tribes with one, unified voice, AIGA serves as a clearinghouse and educational, legislative and public policy resource for tribes, policymakers and the public on Indian gaming issues and tribal community development. This organization is deeply committed to maintaining and protecting Indian sovereign governmental authority.

Current membership includes: Ak-Chin Indian Community, Cocopah Tribe, Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, Fort Mojave Tribe, Gila River Indian Community, Havasupai Tribe, Hualapai 3 Tribe, Kaibab-Paiute Tribe, Navajo Nation, Pascua Yaqui Tribe, Quechan Tribe, Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, San Carlos Apache Tribe, San Juan Southern Paiute, Tohono O’odham Nation, Tonto Apache Tribe, White Mountain Apache Tribe, Yavapai-Apache Nation and the Zuni Tribe.

Sheila Morago is the Executive Director of the Arizona Indian Gaming Association 2006 AIGA ANNUAL REPORT: Note: All national facts are from A Quiet Crisis. Federal Funding and Unmet Needs We have needs that we are working to meet. in Indian Country, U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, July 2003 and We the People: American Indians and Alaska Native in the U.S., U.S. Census Bureau

Health Care A national snapshot of Native America Left: Ladies from the Yavapai Apache Nation work out on new fitness equipment • Native Americans have a lower life that Nation has purchased with revenues expectancy (nearly 6 years) than any from gaming. other group and have higher rates of Below: Vickie Seccombe, Director, Fort many diseases, including diabetes, Mojave Indian Health Center, is pleased that the Tribe's pediatric patients enjoy the care tuberculosis and alcoholism. and facilities at the new health care clinic. • Native Americans lag 20 - 25 years behind the general population in • In 2004, according to the Health Status health status. The unmet health care Profile of American Indians in Arizona, needs of Native Americans remain 2004 Data Book, American Indian among the most severe of any group residents in the state ranked worse than in the United States. Most Native the statewide average 48 times on 70 Americans do not have private health health indicators including maternal insurance and rely on the Indian lifestyle and health, diabetes, chronic 4 Health Service for health care. liver disease, infant mortality, median age at death from all causes, cervical • Native American adults are more than cancer, SIDS, and chronic hypertension. 3 times as likely to have diabetes as the U.S. population in general. Arizona gaming tribes: Native American children also experi- Working to meet our health care ence higher, and growing, rates of needs. diabetes. It is estimated that it would To encourage a healthier lifestyle and To meet the health care needs of its cost $425 million per year to care for fight diabetes, the TOHONO elders, in 2006 the YAVAPAI-APACHE those who are currently diagnosed O’ODHAM NATION completed five NATION began construction on a new with the disease. recreational centers located throughout center for elders that includes offices for medical staff. • Health facilities are frequently inacces- the far-flung Nation. These centers sible and medically obsolete, and include new amenities for the Nation Because the Community is committed to preventive care and specialty services such as swimming pools, basketball providing an environmentally healthy are not readily available. It is estimated courts, exercise rooms and lighted soft- place for its members to live and work, that $1 billion is needed for construc- ball and soccer/football fields. the AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY tion of health facilities. was honored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for creating an effec- Gaming dollars help pay for tive environmental department. The the services of Dr. Scheweda, a full-time physician for the honor noted that illegal dump sites were Yavapai Apache Nation. prevented, an illegal dump was cleaned up, more than 90 vehicles and 184,000 pounds of auto scrap and farm and truck tires were removed, and 53,030 pounds of scrap metal, 46,000 pounds of scrap appliance and 432 batteries were Left: A new home under construction on the Yavapai Apache Nation, one of 35 built in 2006. Below: In Phase II on the Ak-Chin Indian Community, 26 more homes will be built at a cost of $7.2 million. If the Community depended solely on HUD funds to develop these homes, the Community would only be able to build one-to- two houses each year. removed. In addition all underground lack safe water as compared to 1% of storage and septic tanks in the commu- all U.S. homes. nity were cleaned. • Overcrowding on Indian lands is six Because adequate medical care has not times the national rate. More than 1/3 been available on the reservation, in of the homes on Indian trust lands are August, 2006, the SAN CARLOS- overcrowded. APACHE TRIBE constructed and dedi- • It is estimated that the level of funding cated a new outpatient clinic with 18 needed for housing in Native American exam rooms to meet the growing needs similar, if not more severe, housing communities is $1.1 billion. Some of its community. The tribe is also plan- affordability issues.” families remain on the waiting lists for ning to renovate the old patient business housing for a decade or more. Arizona gaming tribes: office and waiting room and will expand Working to meet our housing needs. the emergency room. • In addition to housing construction issues, large investments are needed for In 2006 the YAVAPAI-APACHE NATION The AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY construction of water lines, sewage, built 35 new homes for tribal members. is using its revenues from gaming and sanitation facilities, electricity and other enterprises to renovate its old The AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY roads. is building 25 new three and four- Community Center so that it can serve 5 the membership as a new home for • According to the 2000 Arizona bedroom homes on the Community in Cultural Resources, Diabetes Prevention Affordable Housing Profile, the total Phase I for its members who had previ- and Social Services. affordability gap in Arizona is estimated ously lived in older HUD homes. The at about 10.3% of all households. The company, Pace Pacific Corporation, is To meet the health care needs of its affordability gap on Native American Native American owned and is headquar- population on the west side of the Indian reservations in Arizona is esti- tered in Tempe, Arizona. The develop- Nation who would have to travel for mated at 56.7%. The study defines ment includes 52 lots and features four more than an hour to get medical atten- the affordability gap as “the difference styles of homes. tion, a new hospital/clinic was recently between the number of households opened on the TOHONO O'ODHAM Because many Community members within each income range and the NATION. This modern facility provides historically have had little access to bank number of housing units affordable to a wide range of services to the entire financing and are inexperienced in finan- those households.” It noted some of western half of the Nation. cial matters, the SALT RIVER PIMA- the factors affecting housing afford- MARICOPA INDIAN COMMUNITY ability including home prices increas- created the Salt River Financial Services Housing ing faster than wages and the cost of Institution in 2006 to provide the living; household incomes below the Community with home and home A national snapshot of national average and losing ground to improvement loans, along with business Native America inflation; explosive population growth loans and business development coach- • Approximately 40% of reservation with an increasing proportion of low ing, financial education, credit counseling housing is considered inadequate incoming households; and “Native and savings programs. compared with 6% nationwide. One American households that are facing in five reservation homes lacks plumb- ing and 16% lack telephone service. 8% of Native American homes still Left: Gaming revenues are being directed to improve basic services, such as police and fire, for the people of the Yavapai Apache Nation. Below: A member of the Tohono O'odham Nation police department stands in front of confiscated drugs from a major drug raid that took place in 2006.

Law Enforcement courts. When surveyed about the most urgent needs, tribal court officials A national snapshot of responded that the most critical was Native America funding for construction and renova- • The typical Native American police tion of tribal justice facilities. This was department serves an area the size of followed by funding to employ and Delaware. These areas are patrolled by train judicial and court personnel. no more than three police officers, and Tribal courts are key to economic as few as one at a time. development and self-sufficiency. Arizona gaming tribes: • Native American communities, many • Native Americans experience the Working to meet our law of which occupy border lands, have highest meth usage rates of any ethnic enforcement needs. been left out of the homeland security group in the nation because Mexican funding pool. drug cartels purposefully target rural The FORT MCDOWELL YAVAPAI Native American reservations, both for NATION’S police, fire, court and prose- • Native Americans are twice as likely as the sale of meth and as distribution cutor’s offices have been housed in any other racial/ethnic group to be hubs. Native communities are targeted temporary trailers for many years. This victims of crime. because of the complex nature of crimi- year construction began on a permanent 6 • Per capita spending on law enforcement nal jurisdiction on Indian reservations, justice center. The $7 million building is in Native American communities is and because Tribal governmental police being built near the casino on Fort roughly 60% of the national average. forces have been historically under McDowell Road and will serve the needs of this nation. • The population served by Indian police funded and understaffed. agencies is larger than the Indian popu- • In Arizona, The YAVAPAI-APACHE With the second-largest land base of any lation itself because many non-Indians NATION estimates that approximately tribe in the U.S., the TOHONO use tribal services, roads, land, and 90% of their open child welfare cases O'ODHAM NATION is the only public places. are related to methamphetamine. Indian tribe or nation that has 75 miles along the U.S.-Mexico border. With up • Tribal justice systems have been under to 1,500 people crossing from Mexico funded for decades, which has through the Nation's lands each day, the hampered the effectiveness of tribal Tohono O'odham continue to be over- whelmed by this issue. The Tohono O'odham Police Department continues to play a major role in protecting the U.S. border and the Nation spends more than $3 million annually for this protec- tion. In addition to paying to patrol the border, the Nation pays for all the expenses associated with people who die on the Nation while trying to cross into the U.S., which is about 155 people a

Members of the Yavapai Apache forest fire fighting team provide a service for all Arizonans. Right: Revenues from gaming are being spent by the Yavapai Apache Nation to help children get the best educational start. Below: Gaming dollars are building a better future for children like this Yavapai Apache young girl. year. The Nation's police officers are also on the front line of the drug war. In 2000 to 2004, that rate still trails the 2006, more than 300,000 pounds of overall graduation rate of 77%. In narcotics coming from Mexico were Arizona, slightly more than 63% of confiscated on the Nation. Indians in the class of 2004 (the last More than 500,000 doses of metham- year with complete statistics) graduated phetamine were removed from the SALT in four years. RIVER PIMA-MARICOPA INDIAN RESERVATION after a seven-month Arizona gaming tribes: investigation by tribal police and federal Working to meet our education narcotics agents. The bust was the work needs. of a multiagency task force created through the Drug Enforcement Agency To help their children succeed in school, and was thought to be the first to specifi- Bureau of Investigation; Fort McDowell the TOHONO O’ODHAM NATION cally target meth on an Arizona reserva- police; Tohono O’odham police; and the has built three new head start facilities. tion. Mesa and Scottsdale police U.S. Attorney’s Office. Officials said the Since the land base of the Nation is contributed to the investigation, along partnership between tribal police and larger than the state of Connecticut, with Immigrations and Customs federal authorities could become a model these facilities are of great importance as 7 Enforcement; the Bureau of Alcohol, for other tribes. parents were previously required to travel Tobacco and Firearms; the Federal great distances. In its continuing quest to provide more Education educational opportunities for its A national snapshot of members, the YAVAPAI-APACHE Native America NATION is building a community resource and learning center that will • Native American students face deterio- house education programs. rating school facilities, weak curricula, underpaid teachers, outdated learning Since the 1960s, programs for pre-school tools, and cultural isolation. As a children of the AK-CHIN INDIAN result, achievement gaps persist with COMMUNITY have been housed in the Native American students scoring lower old Community Center. In September, than any other racial/ethnic group in the Community broke ground for a sepa- basic levels of reading, math and rate school for the Ak-Chin Early history. Childhood Development Program which Trash left from people passing through the Nation is designed to better meet the needs of from Mexico continues to be a major expense and • Native American students are less likely problem for the Tohono O'odham Nation. this new generation. to graduate from high school and more likely to drop out than other students. The PASCUA YAQUI TRIBE gave money this year to buy computer equip- • 33% of Native Americans have less ment for Tucson neighborhood centers. than a high school degree (U.S. Census Bureau) • While the Indian graduation rate in Arizona climbed 13% statewide from Arizona gaming tribes: structures connected by a two-story, have largely been carried on through its Working to build a community for shaded outdoor bridge. The project oral tradition. The state-of-the-art our people. includes a new Council Chambers, a complex includes a reading room, cafeteria that will be open to the public, archives and a special collections library Because the Community administration a renovated Friendship Park and an for historical documents and 3,000 building was physically deteriorating and outdoor amphitheater. historical and contemporary photos. The the Community had no central focal Nation is encouraging families to bring point for gathering, in August, 2006, the To better serve the needs of its elders and their artifacts to the Cultural Center for SALT RIVER PIMA-MARICOPA other members, the YAVAPAI-APACHE preservation and storage. Other INDIAN COMMUNITY started work NATION is constructing two new museums in the region house extensive on new tribal government and adminis- community buildings, a center for collections of the Nation's ancestors and tration campus. When completed, it will elders and a community resource and the Cultural Center will be working with house many of the Community’s admin- learning center. these entities to obtain these artifacts. istrative departments in two, three-story The TOHONO O’ODHAM NATION is Among other exhibits, the Cultural building a new 38,000 square foot Center will have an exhibit on traditional Cultural Center and Museum to preserve housing styles. It will also collaborate and share its culture. The main building with the Tohono O'odham Community 8 has a perfect view of the Baboquivari College on language lessons and intro- mountains, which are sacred to the duce a curriculum on museum studies. Nation. The 30-acre site has a rich Because no movie theater exists on the variety of desert plants and the new Nation, the outdoor patio area was buildings disturb just six acres. To teach designed with a drop-down movie the Nation's children and adults about screen with rear projection to show their heritage, the center will include outdoor movies. desert trails and an area for storytelling since the Nation's culture and tradition

Above: The interior of the new Cultural Center and Museum for the Tohono O'odham Nation under construction in 2006. Right: Revenues from gaming are financing the construction of the new Tohono O'odham Cultural Center and Museum. Revenues from gaming helped construct a new Elderly Center for members of the Ak-Chin Indian Community.l

Above: Gaming revenues are often used by tribes in Arizona to improve basic services such as sewers which are often inadequate on tribal lands. Left: The Ak-Chin Indian Community spent revenue from their gaming enterprise to build a new combination preschool and multi-purpose building.

9

With revenues from gaming, the Salt River Indian Community is building a new tribal government and administrative center that will become a focal point for the Community. 2006 AIGA ANNUAL REPORT: The Saguaro Course at the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation is designed by Bill Coore As we diversify our economy, we positively impact and Ben Crenshaw and is located just neighboring economies. north of the original We-Ko-Pa course, near the practice facility.

Poverty & Employment Arizona gaming tribes: Working to diversify our economies. A national snapshot of Native America The FORT MOJAVE TRIBE, which has its land in Arizona, California and • According to the 2000 census, average Nevada, opened the Mojave Crossing unemployment on reservations is 14%, Event Center in June 2006 to attract more than twice the national rate. national equine events and other arena- wages and approximately 3,600 jobs. • Native Americans are more than twice style programs to the Fort Mojave area. This is the equivalent in size to about 8% as likely as the general population to The $25 million arena with its sand-and- of the economy of Mohave County. face hunger and food insecurity at any clay mix floor covers 12,000 square feet given time. and provides seating for 3,000. It also GILA RIVER INDIAN COMMUNITY includes an 800-stall barn. In addition is relocating its largest casino, Wild • 31% of reservation inhabitants live in to equine events, Mojave Crossing Event Horse Pass, next to Interstate 10 and poverty, in contrast with the national Center will host dog shows, motocross, plans to turn it into a “casino resort” poverty rate at 12%. go-karts and tractor pulls and other with a 250-room hotel, 2,300-seat enter- events, attracting national and interna- tainment hall, conference facilities, spa, tional audiences to the region. health club and multiple resorts, bring- 10 According to the Economic Impact of ing another full-service entertainment the Fort Mojave Tribal Economy, venue to the Valley. THE GILA RIVER prepared by Russell Gum and Charles INDIAN COMMUNITY also gave a McCauley, ERCC Analystics L.L.C. grant of $170,000 to the City of March 2005, the impact on the local Phoenix to expand the Downtown economy of the Tribe and associated Phoenix Public Market. business enterprises located on the reser- vation and other properties owned by the tribe is over $190 million in terms of income, over $102 million in terms of

Above and right: Mojave Crossing Event Center. Arizona’s horse industry expenditures exceed $1.3 billion annually in direct, indirect and induced expenditures according to the Arizona Equine Economic Report in 2000. This amount is larger than the combined revenue of the Super Bowl, Fiesta Bowl, Phoenix International Raceway, and the FBR Open. In 2007, the center will add an RV park with 150 hook-ups. Gaming revenues are financing the new 11 Desert Diamond hotel and resort for the The TOHONO O’ODHAM NATION FORT MCDOWELL YAVAPAI NATION Tohono O'odham Nation. broke ground this year on a new Desert opened its second 18-hole golf course in Diamond casino, the first casino in south- December, 2006. The new course adds ern Arizona to include a hotel. The $120 another attraction for residents and visi- million project totals more than 320,000 tors, increasing the Valley’s reputation as square feet. The 170,000-square-foot one of the world’s best golf destinations. casino is scheduled to open by September The PASCUA YAQUIS operate 2007 and the 150,000-square-foot hotel Casino del Sol and Casino of the Sun, is expected to open in October 2007. employing about 1,300 workers on the The 151 room, four-story hotel will southwest side, while the TOHONO feature standard and executive suites, O’ODHAM NATION operates the two banquet and conference facilities, fitness Desert Diamond Casinos and Golden area, coffee bar and shops. Ha:san Casino near Why. The casinos employ about 1,200. Both tribes ranked in the top 20 in this year's Tucson Daily Star 200 survey of the area’s largest employers. 2006 AIGA ANNUAL REPORT: We are sharing our resources to meet our shared concerns.

ARIZONA BENEFITS FUND In November 2002, Arizona voters passed Proposition 202 which enabled the tribes to sign new compacts with the state of Arizona. The terms of the compacts state that Arizona’s 15 tribes with gaming operations will contribute a portion of their Class III Net Win to the Arizona Fund. Fifty-six percent (56%) of the contribution to the Arizona Benefits Fund is deposited into the Instructional Improvement Fund. Twenty-eight percent (28%) reimburses hospitals for uncovered trauma and emergency services. Eight percent (8%) is deposited into the Arizona Wildlife Conservation Fund and another 8% is deposited into the Tourism Fund. Tribal gaming contributions also fund the administrative and regulatory expenses of the Arizona Department of Gaming, and provide educational, prevention, and treatment resources for problem gambling.

12 Tribes submit these contributions to the Arizona Department of Gaming (ADOG) on a quarterly basis. ADOG then transfers the funds to the appropriate entities.

Tribal Contributions FY 2006

Instructional Improvement Fund ...... $ 40,021,044.55

Trauma & Emergency Services Fund ...... $ 20,020,522.28

Tourism Fund ...... $ 5,717,292.07

Arizona Wildlife Conservation Fund ...... $ 5,717,292.07

Problem Gambling ...... $ 1,621,758.14

Tribal Contributions FY 2004 - FY 2006

Instructional Improvement Fund ...... $ 87,775,324.13

Trauma & Emergency Services Fund ...... $ 43,887,661.58

Tourism Fund ...... $ 12,539,332.15

Arizona Wildlife Conservation Fund ...... $ 12,539,332.15

Problem Gambling ...... $ 3,688,605.09 Children from the Yavapai-Apache Nation are benefiting from improvements in educational instruction.

Where the Money Goes Instructional Improvement Fund

Prior to the vote on Proposition 202, Education, through the Instruction tribal leaders carefully considered how Improvement Fund, receives the largest and where the shared revenues from portion of funds that tribes contribute gaming should be distributed. They to the Arizona Benefits Fund. These I cannot tell you how impor- determined immediately that, because monies are distributed on a per capita tant these“ funds are to they wanted these funds to have a direct basis to all state public and charter support trauma care for and lasting impact, revenue from tribal schools. Funds may be used by the Southern Arizona. The money gaming operations would fund specific schools in any of four different areas: the University Medical Center needs rather than be absorbed into the teacher compensation, class size reduc- General Fund. To identify these areas, tion, drop out prevention, and instruc- receives from Indian gaming is tribal leaders reviewed major needs of the tional improvement. crucial to support the opera- state and compared these to their own tions of the trauma center In 2006, tribes contributed list of priorities. The final choice – $40,021,044.55 to the Instructional which treats over 4,500 education, health care, conservation, Improvement Fund. injured patients each year. economic development and help for This money is used to support problem gamblers – reflects pressing Trauma & Emergency Services the infrastructure necessary to needs for Arizonans while also meeting 13 the cultural and societal concerns of In 2006, Arizona gaming tribes support services so that all tribes. This approach also allows tribes contributed $20,020.522.28 to the specialties and services are to track to the penny the impact that Trauma & Emergency Services Fund. available 24 hours a day seven Since 2004, when the Arizona Benefits these shared revenues have on the state. days a week. It helps support Fund was inaugurated, nearly 60 hospi- the education of health care tals throughout Arizona have received funding for trauma centers and emer- workers to maintain an expert- gency departments. ise in trauma as well as community efforts supporting This year, individual awards to hospitals and medical centers for trauma and injury prevention. Rather than having 35 emergency services ranged from Michelle Ziemba RN, MSN $1,008 award to the Benson Hospital (students),“ we have 25 in Director of Trauma Program, Emergency Department to $4,453,435 classroom, and we’ll be able to University Medical Center, Tucson given to St. Josephs Hospital and give more students individual Medical Center Trauma Center. All attention and help with funds are awarded to the Arizona dropout prevention to keep Health Care Cost Containment System students in school. (AHCCS) which then makes the grants. Chyrl Hill Lander, spokeswoman for Tucson Unified School District, ” commenting on TUSD receiving $2.5 million in funding in 2006 from Arizona tribes. ” Right AOT takes its message on the road with enhanced funding from gaming dollars. Below: Gaming dollars are being used to enhance marketing efforts to lure travelers from Las Vegas to Arizona.

In 2006, AOT received $5.7 million Sponsorships: AOT is utilizing key from the Arizona Benefits Fund. strategic sponsorships to gain exposure for the state. as a travel destination. In 2006, revenue from the Arizona Benefits Fund supported these key B-Roll/Photos: Funds were used to add programs: to the images that AOT makes available to promote the state. Target Cities Campaign: In 2006, this campaign reached Minneapolis, Chicago Segmented Marketing: AOT is spending and Seattle with an integrated media mix some of the funds to target the domestic of print, radio outdoor, broadcast and Hispanic traveler market to develop online advertising. meaningful and relevant messages for this high value visitor. Arizona Office of Tourism Print: Funding helped pay for advertise- ments placed in a wide variety of in-state AOT uses funding from the Arizona and out-of-state daily newspapers and Benefits Fund to develop and implement regional and national magazines. new and unique programs to position Arizona as a premier travel destination to Radio: Funds helped AOT buy radio time which is used primarily for in-state 14 in-state, national and international audi- ences. Because tribal tourism is an inte- and regional marketing efforts. gral part of AOT’s overall marketing and Broadcast: Funding helped AOT buy tourism development program, these television advertising to supplement the marketing efforts media activities in each target city. also have a direct The Prop 202 dollars have In-State Campaign: This included a mix impact on Arizona allowed us“ to increase our ad of media efforts using outdoor boards, tribes. AOT buy and have a lot more value print and radio. continually works added in advertorial, which is to position Arizona International Consumer Advertising: where we can write about the as a leader in With additional funds from the Arizona destination and all the great culture and heritage Benefits Fund, AOT conducted interna- as this is a key area tional consumer advertising for the first opportunities visitors can that sets Arizona time ever in FY 2006. The focus was in have in traveling throughout apart from many of Canada, Mexico and the UK. Arizona. An ad is static photo its competitors. Online Campaign: Web features such as of the experience, but adverto- banner advertisements and streaming rial brings the destination video are part of this media mix. to life and helps us tell our story. This is the greatest thing that has happened with Prop 202 dollars. Margie Emmermann, Director Gaming revenues are Arizona Office of Tourism helping AOT tell its story in San Diego. ” Left: Gaming revenues are benefiting Arizona's Bighorn sheep population. Below: Wildlife Conservation funds are also being used to study animals such as Bisons and Coyotes.

Monies from Proposition 202, Arizona’s Wildlife Conservation Fund which the“ Arizona Game and This fund is administered by the Arizona Fish Department has dubbed Game and Fish Department which uses the Wildlife Conservation these revenues to fund many important Fund, are being used to projects. Since the first quarterly conserve wildlife, to improve payment in 2003, the Wildlife wildlife habitats and to enable Conservation Fund has funded almost more people to enjoy our $12.5 million in Conservation Programs. unique and beautiful wild Money received from the passage of animals. Projects funded with Proposition 202 supports a variety of Indian gaming monies include programs including restoring the site for Bighorn sheep in the Silver Bell fish and game management, Mountains and reintroducing Gould’s forest restoration research, turkey on Mount Graham and in the wildlife disease monitoring, for a coordinated policy to manage these Huachuca and Chiricahua Mountains. Invasive Species public access improvements, The Arizona Wildlife Conservation Fund water development has also created a new generation of Bison Study – monitors bison move- initiatives, and support 15 outdoors sportsmen by sponsoring the ments to determine use on the Grand for shooting ranges and Scholastic Clay Target Program which Canyon and opportunities for introduced more than 400 youth to the changing the harvest at the House the shooting sports. Rock Wildlife area. opportunity to compete as a team in Bob Miles trap, skeet and sporting clays for state Catchable Catfish Stocking – purchases Arizona Game & Fish Department and national championships and for catchable catfish through the Urban Fish college scholarship money. Program’s contract. In 2006, fish were In 2006, the Arizona Game and fish stocked in Francis Short Pond, Santa Fe Department’s Wildlife Conservation Lake and Kaibab Lake. Fund received $5.7 million. Support for Birding and Nature Festivals In addition to the above examples, Support for the Arizona Watchable ” projects funded by revenues from Tribal Wildlife Tourism Association Grassland Restoration throughout Governmental gaming include: the State Black Bear Study – estimating black bear Fish and Wildlife Health Program – abundance Land Acquisition – for perpetual ease- helps determine the causes of death and ments and road maintenance for projects declines in fish and wildlife populations Other Wildlife Studies – tracks changes under the Landowner Relations Program across the state via laboratory diagnostics, in trends in bobcats, coyote, and fox Improving Communications – necropsies, and field investigations populations in Arizona upgrade the radio system to improve Invasive Species Program – developing a Forest Restoration Research law enforcement consensus based definition of Invasive Wildlife Catchments – develop necessary Species for Arizona and produce a report water infrastructure for the Governor with recommendation This is one community; Arizona gaming tribes: zations across southern Arizona and will we have something special Giving back to our neighbors. continue into the future. “ going on here. By the terms of our compact, 12 percent This year the FORT MCDOWELL Wally Nichols of the state shared revenues are directed YAVAPAI NATION delivered $260,000 Mayor Fountain Hills to city, town and county governments for to four Fountain Hills programs includ- government services benefiting the ing $140,000 to the Fountain Hills general public such as public safety and School District $85,000 to the Town of These [teacher training and promotion of commerce and economic Fountain Hills Tourism Association; teacher mentoring programs] development. Tribes also have the option $25,000 to Fountain Hills Sheriff Posse; are things we couldn’t do of contributing these revenues to the and $10,000 to the Fountain Hills without Fort McDowell’s help. Arizona Department of Commerce. Community Theatre. Fort McDowell sees these Every tribe makes its own decisions The computer lab at the Paiute funds should be for all chil- regarding distribution of “12%” funds. Neighborhood Center has been refur- dren, not just those on their The TOHONO O'ODHAM NATION bished with 30 new computers including side of the cattle guard. and its casino operations are also leading monitors and printers, chairs and desks financial supporters of community from a grant from the SALT RIVER Dr. Marian K. Hermie Superintendent Fountain Hills programs and local governments in the PIMA-MARICOPA INDIAN 16 Unified School District region. This support has positively COMMUNITY. A separate grant enabled impacted hundreds of important organi- the center to purchase a new 15-passenger, wheelchair-equipped vehicle to transport seniors and children for field trips.

The GILA RIVER INDIAN COMMUNITY awarded Apache Junction a $77,958 grant to buy two new ” state-of-the-art live scan identification We all have shared quite a bit. systems. Police will be able to retrieve up Although“ we like to say that to 8 million images including mug shots, Fountain Hills is a suburb of fingerprints, scars, marks and other data Fort McDowell, the reality is with the new system. The new technol- ogy will enable police to capture fugitives that our two communities more efficiently and effectively. The have many ties, including Community also awarded $275,000 to economic, education and the West Valley Child Crisis Center to be transportation. We’re good used for operating costs and purchase of neighbors and we are becom- essential supplies including beds, food, ing better neighbors. clothing, medical and dental care.

Raphael Bear, President Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation ” Every year since 2000 the YAVAPAI- bridges between the Yavapai-Apache purchase a fire-safety trailer to give chil- APACHE NATION awards college schol- culture and the greater community. dren hands-on lessons in safety, such as arships to three, non-Indian graduating getting out of a burning house and iden- The TONTO-APACHE TRIBE’S recently seniors, one from each of the Verde tifying dangers in the home “I want remodeled and expanded recreation Valley High Schools. The four-year them to be able to know what to do center and youth activities building scholarship is valued at up to $12,000 when the smoke detector goes off,” said proved popular with Payson residents. per year. This year’s recipients will join Jean Machnicki, community services The facility includes a nearly Olympic- 18 other Verde Valley students who have coordinator for the Gilbert Fire sized swimming pool and a weight room been supported by the Nation over the Department. “That’s a huge thing. as well as activity rooms for activities last six years, six of whom have already Some kids will roll over and go back to from traditional and electronic games to graduated. The program seeks to sleep.” The trailer simulates a home, crafts and study materials. promote higher education and build with a stove, dog water bowls and other In 2006 the YAVAPAI-APACHE elements that can be used as an interac- NATION contributed more than tive quiz on dangers. $170,000 to support a wide variety of projects including infrastructure in Camp Verde, athletic programs in the Clarkdale-Jerome schools, public safety 17 in Sedona and the remodeling of the Yavapai County Senior Center. Most of the kids that use the computers don’t have Since 2003, the SALT RIVER PIMA- “ MARICOPA INDIAN COMMUNITY computers at home. Or, if has provided substantial funding to they do, many don’t have nearly 60 organizations in the metropoli- internet access or just have tan area to support health care, educa- dial-up access. We try to tion, social services, infrastructure, keep everything working science, the arts and culture. so they can have fun The PASCUA YAQUI TRIBE gave in the lab. $200,000 to South Tucson to buy a garbage truck to help meet the needs of Kurt Hartung that growing community. Paiute Neighborhood Center Recreation Leader The Gilbert Fire Department was awarded a $65,000 grant from the GILA ” RIVER INDIAN COMMUNITY to Arizona Department of Gaming (ADOG) This program has been a life- saver. I tried“ to abstain from gambling by attending Gamblers Anonymous (GA) meetings alone, but I relapsed The terms of the compacts state that $8 Regulation – to ensure that the when personal problems million or 9% of tribal contributions to gaming operation is conducted in became overwhelming. It the Arizona Benefits Fund, whichever is compliance with provisions of the wasn’t until I participated in greater, go towards the payment of compacts and to investigate reported ADOG's regulatory and administrative violations this counseling program that costs. The Arizona Department of my recovery truly began. My The Department does not receive any tax Gaming is the state agency which, along counselor was very astute at revenue or general fund monies for its with the Tribal Gaming Offices and the support. ADOG receives its funding reorganizing the issues and National Indian Gaming Commission from the tribal contributions formula helping me figure out how to (for Class II games only), regulates specified in Proposition 202 and passed process things and let go. I Indian gaming in Arizona. by the voters in the 2002 General recommend this program to Under the tribal-state compacts, the Election. everyone in GA that I speak Department's regulatory responsibilities to, especially newcomers. include: Preventing and Treating Arizona Office of Certification – to ensure that unsuit- Problem Gambling Problem Gambling able individuals and businesses are not August 2004 The compact terms state that 2% of the involved in Class III gaming 18 tribal contributions to ADOG are to be used to fund programs for the prevention and treatment of, and education concern- ing, problem gaming. In Arizona, three distinct but comple- mentary approaches are in place to ” prevent and treat problem gambling. The Arizona Department of These include the efforts of the Arizona Gaming“ has developed a Office of Problem Gambling, the successful partnership with the Arizona Council on Compulsive Gambling and training and education Arizona Indian Gaming programs at all of Arizona’s tribal casinos. Association and its member AIGA directly and indirectly supports all Tribes to promote the effective three efforts. oversight of Indian gaming. In 2006, tribal contributions to the We work jointly to address Arizona Office of Problem Gambling issues and solve problems to accounted for $1,621,758.14. The maintain a strong and proac- program includes treatment and coun- tive regulatory environment. seling; Gamblers Anonymous; help for families and a self-ban program. From Paul Bullis July 2005 to June 2006, the helpline Director Arizona Department of Gaming responded to 4,277 calls. Of these, 72% were from gamblers, 52% of ” whom are male. Arizona Council on Problem Gambling, the program is Compulsive Gambling staffed by local men and women who are recovering gamblers and trained to work Arizona Indian tribes have a long history with gamblers in crisis. of supporting the Arizona Council on Compulsive Gambling. A charitable, ACCG is not in the treatment business. non-profit organization, it provides grass It runs a 24 hour 1-800 crisis phone help All of these programs comple- roots, immediate hotline help for for gamblers with problems and provides ment each“ other. Not only do problem gamblers and their families. An education to the general public about the they work together, but most affiliate of the National Council on myths and seriousness of problem and importantly, they are working. compulsive gambling in Arizona. The Our casino employees are organization has trained over 400 health care professionals in the proper treatment trained to recognize problems of Pathological Gambling and has estab- and provide assistance through lished the Certification Board for Arizona the self-exclusion program we Professional Counselors in the treatment run. We also provide informa- The tribal contributions for of Pathological Gambling and imple- tion about other programs problem gambling make possi- mented the certification process. ACCG “ that are helping problem 19 has plans for an educational program to ble treatment for hundreds of gamblers. It's critical that secondary schools because of the signifi- individuals each year, a 24/7 cant rise in teenage gambling in Arizona. we have all these programs crisis and referral help line, available to help. research, and community Arizona Casinos Jon Jenkins outreach throughout Arizona. Arizona Tribal Casinos aggressively President & CEO Casino Arizona Without these tribal contribu- support prevention and treatment of tions there would be no problem gambling though in-house comprehensive state-wide programs. Casinos disseminate informa- problem gambling program. tion on problem gambling to customers and to their staff. They provide training Rick Pyper, Director for employees to recognize problem Arizona Office of Problem Gambling gamblers and learn basic intervention ” techniques. Arizona casinos also support an Employee Assistance Program All compulsive gambling designed to help casino employees and treatment, counseling, aware- their families cope with and find effective ness and help is result of treatment for problem gambling. partnerships and funding from Indian gaming.

Don Hulen Executive Director, Arizona Council on Compulsive Gambling ” 2006 AIGA HIGHLIGHTS Arizona Attorney General Terry Goddard addresses Tribal leaders on Arizona Indian Nations and Tribes Legislative Day.

Arizona Indian Nations and Tribes Legislative Day

Arizona Indian Nations and Tribes Legislative Day was held at the Arizona State Capitol in January, 2006. As part of the day’s activities, Tribal leaders hosted a breakfast with Arizona Attorney General Terry Goddard. Tribal representatives addressed the legislature and met with legislative leaders throughout the day.

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Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation President Raphael Bear and Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community President Joni Ramos listen intently to the discussion.

Royalty from several tribes attend Arizona Indian Nations and Tribes Legislative Day.

Governor Works With AIGA Tribes

Throughout the year, Governor Janet Napolitano continued to meet and work with Arizona Tribal leaders on issues that affect Arizona tribes. Governor Napolitano is the only governor who has instituted quarterly summits with Tribal leaders. Left: More than 60 vendors showed the latest technologies for gaming. Below: NIGA Chairman Ernie Stevens, Jr. and Yavapai-Apache Chairman Jamie Fullmer attend the Southwestern Expo and show.

Southwestern Trade Show Indian Gaming Commission, Deron Marquez, Chairman, San Manuel Band More than 400 people attended the 9th of Mission Indians, and Mark Van Annual Southwestern Indian Gaming Norman, Executive Director, National Conference & Expo held in Scottsdale Indian Gaming Association, among on February 13 - 15, 2006. Sponsored others. Conference topics ranged from a by the Arizona Indian Gaming timely update on recent legislation on Association (AIGA) and the New Mexico gaming by the Department of Justice by 21 Indian Gaming Association (NMIGA), Phil Hogen to strategic discussions of the conference took place at the how to streamline the internal audit Radisson Fort McDowell and Casino. process of a casino and improve market- It marked the first time Arizona hosted ing of table games. this program.

The show was sold out weeks in advance Global Gaming Expo with more than 60 vendors in attendance and conference attendees who came from AIGA was well represented at the more than 27 states. Panels showcased Global Gaming Expo (G2E) with both 40 leading experts on all aspects of AIGA Chairwoman Delia Carlyle and gaming, casino CEO’s of tribal govern- AIGA Executive Director Sheila Morago mental gaming nation-wide, and direc- on the program. tors of nearly every regional gaming Chairwoman Delia Carlyle is the only woman Tribal leader association. The golf tournament asked to serve on the keynote attracted 120 golfers. panel of the G2E. Opening day included a welcome by Ernie Stevens, Jr., Chairman of the National Indian Gaming Association, Delia Carlyle, Chairwoman of the Arizona Indian Gaming Association and Charlie Dorame, Chairman of the New Mexico Indian Gaming Association. Speakers included Keller George, President, United South & Eastern Tribes, Phil Hogen, Chairman, National BRIEF TIMELINE: Indian Gaming In the U.S. and Arizona

1987 U.S. Supreme Court ruling in California vs. Cabazon • Tribes could engage in forms of gambling that were not expressly prohibited by the state in which the tribe is located. • If a state regulates gaming, in any form, then gaming falls under civil law for which Indian tribes cannot be prosecuted and the state is obligated under federal law to enter into compact negotiations with a tribe. • If a form of gambling sought by a tribe is expressly prohibited by the state under criminal law, then the state can refuse negotiations for particular games on that basis.

1988 Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, IGRA • In response to California vs. Cabazon ruling, IGRA was passed to create a balance between the tribe’s right to conduct gaming on their reservation and the public interest of the states in which the tribes are located. • IGRA provided for the conduct of Class III gaming on Indian lands if tribal-state compacts are entered into and only if similar games are offered in that state. • Stipulates that if a state refuses to negotiate in good faith with a tribe, the tribe can sue the state. • Stipulates that the Secretary of the Interior can offer alternative compacting if regula- tions are in place and a state refuses to negotiate in good faith with a tribe. • Identifies the ways in which Indian gaming revenues can be spent. 22 • Identifies three regulatory systems: the tribal regulatory office, State Department of Gaming, and the National Indian Gaming Commission.

1992 Negotiations begin between the state of Arizona and the tribes • Governor Fife Symington was granted legislative authority (H.B. 2352) for negotiating and signing compacts. • First compact signed with Yavapai Prescott awarding them 250 slot machines. • U.S. Attorney’s office begins to seize Arizona Indian reservation slot machines. May 12, 1992, Fort McDowell refuses to turn over machines and a stand off begins.

1993 Chief Justice Frank Gordon rules slot machines are permitted in Arizona • Tribes must have a compact with the state of Arizona. • Eight tribes sign compacts with the state of Arizona. • Eight more sign compacts with the state of Arizona.

1994 Rumsey Indian Rancheria of Wintum Indian v. Wilson • Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals rules that “a state need only allow Indian tribes to operate games that others can operate, but need not give tribes what others cannot have.” • Governor Symington refuses to sign 17th tribal compact with Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, claiming that Rumsey prohibits him from signing. 1996 Seminole Tribe of Florida vs. the state of Florida • Seminole tribe of Florida is denied a tribal state gaming compact from the state of Florida. The state refuses to negotiate in good faith and the lawsuit goes up to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court rules that if a state refuses to negotiate in good faith, the tribe cannot sue the state.

1996 Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community places Proposition 201 – the Fairness Initiative – on the statewide ballot and sues the State of Arizona • Initiative allows the five remaining tribes (Navajo, Hopi, Havasupai, San Juan Southern Paiute and Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community) to have a gaming compact if they want one. • Prop 201 wins by 64% of the vote.

1998 The Arizona Supreme Court rules in favor of Salt River Indian Community • A lawsuit is filed against Salt River and Governor Fife Symington prohibiting the provi- sion of Prop 201 from being implemented, even though Symington signs 201 into law. The State Supreme Court rules in favor of Salt River. • June 1998, Governor Jane Hull signs a compact with the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community. 23

2002 17 Tribes in Arizona place Proposition 202 on statewide ballot • Initiative placed on ballot after two and one-half years of negotiation • Initiative represents more than 90% of all Indians living on reservations in Arizona and more than 240,000 Arizona citizens who signed petitions to place it on the state ballot.

November 5, 2002 • Voters approve Prop 202. • Ensures that gaming on Indian land continues providing jobs and generating vitally needed funding for such basic services such as education, housing and health care. • Provides a mechanism for non-gaming tribes located in more remote areas of the state to benefit from gaming revenues. • Shares a portion of gaming revenues with the State of Arizona and local governments. Initiative stipulates that 12% of state-shared gaming revenues are earmarked for city, town and county government services. After Department of Gaming administrative and regulatory costs , eighty-eight percent (88% )of the Arizona Benefits Fund is dedicated to local school districts for statewide dropout prevention programs, school readiness and reading programs, and classroom reduction programs; emergency services and trauma centers, wildlife and habitat conservation, tourism promotion and education, prevention and treatment of problem gambling. • Provides additional regulatory oversight by the Arizona Department of Gaming. • Allows gaming tribes to continue to make voluntary donations to local charities, community programs and the state university system. To date, these contributions have totaled millions of dollars each year. FACTS ABOUT NATIVE AMERICA

þ By all statistical measures, American Indians are among the poorest people in the country.

þ Despite the historic trust status with the U.S. government, tribal governments struggle to provide health, education, housing and related programs for their people.

þ There are 2 million American Indians living in America today and 567 federally recognized tribes.

þ Arizona has 22 federally recognized American Indian tribes.

þ 38 percent of Indians, 6 to 11 years old, live below the poverty level, more than twice the number of the average U.S. citizen. Facts about Tribal þ 16 percent of Indian males and 13 percent of Indian females 16 years and older are Governmental Gaming unemployed as compared to 6 percent for average Americans. 567 federally-recognized Indian þ The suicide rate for 15 to 24 year-old Indians is more than twice that of any other Tribes located in 35 states American or ethnic group.

þ Indians die younger than any other segment of the population. 13 percent of Indian Represents about 2.3 million deaths are under the age of 25. This compares to 4 percent of the U.S. population. tribal members

þ The alcoholism death rate for Indians age 15-24 years old is more than 17 times the 223 Tribal governments comparable rate for other Americans. engaged in gaming (Class II or Class III) þ Homicide is the second leading cause of death among Indians 14 years old and younger and the third leading cause of death for Indians 15-24 years old. 413 Tribal governmental 24 þ Before World War I, Indians living on Arizona reservations were not legal U.S. citizens. gaming operations

þ Although Indians were exempt from the draft when the country entered the war in 1917, 28 Tribal-State gaming compacts more than 8,000 Indian men and women voluntarily served in the Armed Forces.

þ Congress passed the Indian Citizenship Act in 1924. Despite their being made U.S. Revenue in 2005: $22.6 billion citizens, Indians were not eligible to vote in Arizona. 600,000 plus jobs created – þ Facing World War II and the need for a universal draft, Congress again affirmed the 75% held by non-Indians. citizenship of all Indian people “on or off reservation” in the Nationality Act of 1940. (In some remote areas, where

þ More than 25,000 Indian men and women served in the armed forces in World War II. unemployment is rampant, 80% But in Arizona, Indians were still not allowed to vote. of the Tribal governmental gaming employees are Indian). þ After a lawsuit filed by two Yavapai men, Frank Harrison and Harry Austin, the Supreme Court of Arizona ruled on July 15, 1948, that Indians had the right to vote. Source on statistics: National Indian Gaming Association (NIGA). TRIBAL LANDS A SNAPSHOT: INDIAN GAMING IN ARIZONA 2006

PAGE þ 21 tribes have compacts. San Juan Kaibab-Paiute Tribe Southern Paiute þ 15 tribes operate 22 gaming Tribe Navajo Nation facilities. þ Total slot machines in Arizona: Havasupai Hopi 12,806 Tribe Tribe þ Total table games: 459 Hualapai Tribe þ Indian gaming creates more than 11,000 first tier jobs.

KINGMAN þ Only 43% of these jobs are filled FLAGSTAFF by Native Americans.

Fort Mojave Tribe CAMP VERDE þ Tribal governmental gaming Yavapai-Apache Nation Zuni Tribe generated nearly $40 million in PRESCOTT Yavapai Prescott Tribe payroll taxes. PAYSON þ Tribal governmental gaming Tonto Apache Colorado River Tribe contributed more than $110 Indian Tribes White Mountain Fort McDowell Apache Tribe million in employee benefits. Yavapai Nation þ Approximately $247 million was PHOENIX San Carlos spent on in-state vendors for food, Salt River Apache Tribe Pima-Maricopa merchandise and services. Gila River Indian Community Fort Yuma- Indian þ Arizona tribes and the state spent Quechan Tribe Community Ak Chin Indian Community more than $35 million in oversight. YUMA Cocopah Tribe þ Arizona tribes spent more than 25 $25 million for tribal regulation.

Tohono TUCSON þ Arizona tribes contributed $8 O’odham Pascua Yaqui Tribe million of the $10 million annual Nation budget of the Arizona Department of Gaming. þ Arizona has 567 regulatory employees, which equates to one regulatory employee for every 23 games. In contrast, Atlantic City Ak-Chin Indian Community Havasupai Tribe San Juan Southern has 34,225 games in play and has Harrah's Ak-Chin Casino Paiute Tribe Hualapai Tribe only one regulatory employee for Cocopah Tribe Tohono O’odham Nation every 95 games; and Nevada, Cocopah Casino Hopi Tribe* Desert Diamond Casino I & II which has 211,760 games in play and Golden Ha’San Casino has one regulatory employee for Colorado River Indian Tribes* Kaibab-Paiute Tribe Blue Water Casino Tonto Apache Tribe every 492 games. Mazatzal Casino þ Arizona spends roughly $2600 per Fort McDowell Navajo Nation Yavapai Nation White Mountain Apache Tribe year per game for regulation, Fort McDowell Casino Pascua Yaqui Tribe Hon Dah Casino while Atlantic City, with a gaming Casino of the Sun industry three times the size, Casino Del Sol Fort Mojave Indian Tribe Yavapai-Apache Nation spends $672 per game per year Spirit Mountain Casino Cliff Castle Casino Valley, Avi Resort Casino Salt River Pima-Maricopa and Nevada, with twenty times Indian Community Yavapai Prescott Tribe* the games, spends $118 per game Casino Arizona at Salt River Fort Yuma-Quechan Tribe Yavapai Gaming Center Casino Arizona at Talking Stick per year. Paradise Casino & Bucky’s Casino San Carlos Apache Tribe Gila River Indian Community Apache Gold Casino Zuni Tribe Gila River Casinos at Wild Horse Pass, Lone Butte and Vee Quiva *Not a member of AIGA The State Of Indian Gaming In Arizona

Ak-Chin Indian Community Reservation: 21,840 acres; created in Enterprises: Agriculture, 109-acre Gaming: May 1912 industrial park Harrah's Ak-Chin Casino Location: Santa Cruz Valley, 35 miles south Peoples: Papago and Pima Attractions: Him-Dak Museum displays www.harrahs.com/our_casinos/akc/ of Phoenix Population: 742 tribal crafts and photos of the Ak-Chin people and a tribute to the Community’s Veterans

Cocopah Tribe Reservation: 7,772 acres; created in 1917 Enterprises: Farmland leases, convenience Gaming: Peoples: Cocopah store, gas station and smoke shop Cocopah Casino Location: Approximately 13 miles south of Population: 901 Attractions: Tribal museum and tribal www.cocopahresort.com Yuma and bounded by the Colorado River cultural center, golf course, swimming, tennis, Cocopah RV Park

Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation Reservation: 24,000 acres; created in Poco Diablo Resort. 1903 Attractions: The Verde River, Fort Gaming: Location: 23 miles northeast of Phoenix on Enterprises: Fort McDowell Farms, Fort McDowell Adventures and majestic view of Fort McDowell Casino, “The Fort” Hwy 87 McDowell Adventures, Yavapai Materials, Red Mountains www.fortmcdowellcasino.com Population: 960 Baja Gas Station, We-Ko-Pa Golf Course, Asah Gweh Oou-o RV Park,Radisson Fort McDowell Resort & Casino and Radisson

Fort Mojave Indian Tribe Reservation: 22,820 acres in Arizona; Enterprises: Agriculture, Mojave Crossing Gaming: 3,862 acres in Nevada, and 6,298 acres in Event Center, Resort and Casino, Spirit Mountain Casino Location: Along the banks of the Colorado California Telecommunications and Retail. Avi Resort Casino River, in both Arizona and Nevada Peoples: Ft. Mojave Population: 1,120 Attractions: Water activities; hiking, rock www.avicasino.com hounding and hunting in the Black Mountain Range east of the reservation

Fort Yuma-Quechan Tribe Reservation: 43,958 acres total; 2,381 Enterprises: Tourism, agriculture (leased Gaming: acres in Arizona; created in 1884 farm), sand and gravel (lease), utility Paradise Casino Location: Along both sides of the Colorado Peoples: Quechan company, and Quechan Market www.paradise-casinos.com River near Yuma. Population: 2,831 Attractions: Five trailer and RV parks, museum, bingo hall, water sports along the 26 Colorado River

Gila River Indian Community Peoples: Pima-Maricopa Attractions: Sheraton Wild Horse Pass Gaming: Population: 16,500 (estimated) Resort and Spa, Whirlwind Golf Club, Toka Gila River Casinos at Wild Horse Located: Just south of metro Phoenix, Enterprises: Agriculture, Health Care, Sticks Golf Course, Gila River Arts and Crafts Pass, Lone Butte and Vee Quiva bordering Phoenix, Mesa, Gilbert, Coolidge, Industrial Parks, Resorts, Golf and Center, HuHugam Heritage Center, Firebird www.wingilariver.com Casa Grande, Avondale and others Entertainment, Telecommunications and International Raceway, Bondurant School of Reservation: 373,365 acres; created in others High Performance Driving and Casa Grande 1859. Ruins National Monument

Havasupai Tribe Reservation: 185,516 acres, created Attractions: Four waterfalls with turquoise in 1880 blue waters: the Navajo, Havasu, Mooney Location: Southwest corner of Grand Peoples: Havasupai and Beaver, ranging from 1.8 miles to 8 Canyon National Park. Population: 650 miles from the village. Havasupai Tribal Enterprises: Government, packing and Museum offers tribal crafts farming www.itcaonline.com

Hualapai Tribe Peoples: Hualapai Enterprises: Tourism, cattle ranching, Population: 2,210 timber sales and arts and crafts Location: Along 108 miles of the Colorado Attractions: Hunting, fishing, camping, River and the river running Grand Canyon www.itcaonline.com Reservation: 992,463 acres, created in 1883

Kaibab-Paiute Tribe Reservation: 120,413 acres: created Attractions: Pipe Springs National in 1934 Monument, Steamboat Rock, North Rim of Location: On the Utah border Peoples: Paiute Grand Canyon, Lake Powell, Glen Canyon all Population: 231 within easy touring distance Enterprises: Tourism, livestock, agriculture, www.itcaonline.com fruit orchard, trailer park and campground

Navajo Nation Peoples: Navajo Attractions: Monument Valley, Canyon de Population: approximately 180,462 Chelly, Navajo National Monument, Chaco Location: Approximately the size of West Enterprises: Housing, utilities, arts & Culture National Historic Park, the Navajo Virginia, it spans Arizona, New Mexico and crafts business, lodging, radio, energy, Nation Fair, Navajo Tribal Museum, Four Utah retail centers, transit, engineering and Corner’s Monument Hubble Trading Post Reservation: 17,686,465 acres total; construction. www.navajo.org 11,601,856 in Arizona; created in 1868 Pascua Yaqui Tribe Reservation: 892 acres total. A 222-acre Peoples: Pascua Yaqui Gaming: reservation was created in 1964 in south- Population: 12,918 Casino of the Sun Location: Pasqua Village in Tucson and eastern Arizona. In 1978, the Pascua Enterprises: Gaming – Casino of the Sun Casino Del Sol Guadalupe near Phoenix. Yaquis attained the same status as all other and Casino Del Sol, AAA Pet Lodge, Del Sol www.casinodelsol.com federally recognized U.S. Tribes. Additional Marketplace which includes a gas station, acres were acquired in 1982. mini market and smoke shop.

Salt River Pima-Maricopa Peoples: Pima and Maricopa Attractions: Hoo-Hoogam Ki Museum, Gaming: Indian Community Population: Membership 8,350 plus Pavilions Shopping Center; Talking Stick Casino Arizona 101 & McKellips Enterprises: Salt River Materials Group, Golf Club and Casino Arizona-Native art Casino Arizona 101 & Indian Bend Location: 15 miles northeast of Phoenix; Red Mountain Trap & Skeet, Salt River collection www.casinoaz.com bordered by Scottsdale, Mesa, Tempe and Landfill, Cypress Golf Course, Talking Stick Fountain Hills Golf Course, Saddleback Communication, Reservation: 53,000 acres; created in 1879 Salt River Devco, Gaming Enterprise

San Carlos Apache Tribe Reservation: 1,826,541 acres; created Attractions: San Carlos Lake, Talkahai Gaming: in 1871 Lake, Seneca Lake, Point of Pines Lake, Apache Gold Casino Location: Spans Gila, Graham and Pinal Peoples: Apache World Record Elk Harvest, hunting and www.apachegoldcasinoresort.com counties in southeastern Arizona. Population: 11,328 fishing. The Culture Center in Peridot is Enterprises: government, cattle ranching, one of two places in the world where peridot gaming is mined.

San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe Reservation: The Tribe is in litigation to Enterprises: None. Tribal members raise establish and secure its land base. livestock; subsistence farming. Location: For last hundreds of years, tribal Peoples: Shares common heritage with Attractions: Can see native basket weaving members have lived in Northern Arizona, Southern Paiutes of Utah, Nevada and at Paiute Canyon and Willow Springs east of the Grand Canyon, bounded by the California. San Juan and Colorado Rivers. Population: 265

Tohono O’odham Nation 1874. Incorporates the 71,095-acre San (the White Dove of the Desert), Kitt Peak Gaming: Xavier reservation, the 10,409-acre Gila National Observatory, arts and crafts Desert Diamond Casino I and II and Location: Comparable in size to Bend Reservation and the 20-acre Florence market, Baboquivari Mountain Park Golden Ha’San Casino Connecticut, in south central Arizona and Village Enterprises: Papago Farms, San Xavier www.DesertDiamondCasino.com into Mexico, includes 12 communities. Peoples: Tohono O’odham Industrial Park, Nursing Home, Tohono Reservation: 2,854,881 acres approxi- Population: 27,500 O’odham Community College, KOHN-FM 27 mately 5,000 square miles; created in Attractions: San Xavier Mission Del Bac Radio Station

Tonto Apache Tribe Peoples: Tonto Apache Attractions: The reservation is surrounded Gaming: Population: 110 by the Mazatzal Mountains, the Sierra Mazatzal Casino Location: Next to Payson, AZ Enterprises: Gaming, Lodging, Retail and Ancha Mountains, and the Mogollon Rim www.777Play.com Reservation: 85 acres; created in 1972 Government

White Mountain Apache Tribe Peoples: White Mountain Apache Attractions: Sunrise Ski Resort, elk Gaming: Population: 13,500+ hunting, fishing Hon Dah Casino Location: East central Arizona Enterprises: Livestock, agriculture, tourism, www.Hon-Dah.com Reservation: 1,664,984 acres; created ski resort, timber mill, re-manufacturing plant in 1891

Yavapai-Apache Nation Peoples: Yavapai-Apache Population: the Gathering Restaurant, Native Visions Gaming: 1,638 Tours, Yavapai-Apache Farm and Ranch & Cliff Castle Casino Location: Central Yavapai County Enterprises: Storytellers Steakhouse, the Yavapai-Apache Sand and Gravel www.cliffcastlecasino.net Reservation: 644 acres Gallery Restaurant, Johnny Rockets restau- rant, Shake Rattle & Bowl – Bowling Alley, Cliff Castle Lodge and Conference Center,

Zuni Tribe Enterprises: Zuni Furniture Enterprise, ties. The New Mexico portion of the Pueblo of Zuni Arts & Crafts Enterprise, Zuni Reservation (located on the Arizona/New Location: Northeastern Arizona Forest Products & Services Enterprise Mexico border) has many world-class Reservation: Over 12,000 acres Attractions: The Arizona portion of the Zuni jewelry shops and is a popular destination (established in 1984) Reservation is undergoing environmental for outdoor activities. Peoples: Zuni (Ashiwi) restoration and is not open for tourist activi- www.nativeamericans.com Population: Over 10,000 tribal members Tribes & Gaming

Gaming Revenues: IGRA stipulates that revenues from Gaming is part of Indian culture. Tribal Governmental Gaming must be used in five specific areas: IGRA did not create Indian gaming. Gaming has always played a large role in the culture • To fund Tribal Government oper- and traditions of many tribes. Gaming on ations or programs; Indian lands for both non-Indians and • To provide for the general The Basics Indians began in the late 1970s when several welfare of the Indian tribe and Tribes have a right to conduct gaming. tribes began operating commercial bingo and its members; poker games on their reservations. This As sovereign governments, tribes have always • To promote Tribal economic occurred at the same time that state lotteries development; had the right to conduct all governmental were proliferating throughout the country. activities, including gaming. Indian gaming • To donate to charitable organi- is a right of Indian Nations, derived from IGRA actually eroded tribal rights. zations; or sovereignty recognized by the Supreme Court • To help fund operations of local Before IGRA, tribes did not have to consult and Congress. In 1987, the U.S. Supreme government agencies. states about their decision to have gaming Court recognized Indian people’s right to run on their lands. With IGRA, tribes were Gaming Regulation: gaming on Indian land if such gaming is forced to negotiate with states in order to permitted outside the reservation for any • Tribal governmental gaming is open casinos. other purpose. Congress established the legal regulated on three levels. basis for this right when it passed the Indian Indian gaming is the first and only tool for • Indian Nations and tribes are Gaming Regulatory Act (“IGRA”) in 1988. self-sufficiency that has ever worked for tribes. the primary regulators. Under 28 the Indian Gaming Regulatory The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act provides Indian tribes are governments and like city Act (IGRA), Tribes establish the and state governments must provide services the statuary foundation. basic regulatory framework for for their citizens. But unlike other govern- A major purpose for the Indian Gaming Indian gaming. ments, tribes do not have a tax base to Regulatory Act (IGRA) was “to provide a provide revenue for services. Gaming has • State regulation may be included statutory foundation for Indian gambling in Tribal/State compacts for enabled tribes to have a dependable source of operations as a means of promoting Class III gaming. revenue to meet critical needs. In 2004 tribes economic development, self-sufficiency and in Arizona used gaming revenues to improve • In Arizona, the compact includes strong tribal government.” Therefore IGRA infrastructure, deliver healthcare, upgrade regulation by the State. established an economic rationale for Indian education and create new housing. • Federal agencies enforce laws gaming on reservations. IGRA created three Moreover, tribal governments are using relating to Indian gaming, classifications of Indian gaming, Class I, II gaming revenues to diversify and conduct including the National Indian and III, and corresponding regulatory and other economic enterprises. Gaming Commission, the Interior gaming standards. And IGRA requires states Department, The Justice to negotiate in good faith with Indian tribes Department, FBI, IRS, Secret that seek to enter Tribal-State compacts to Service and the Treasury conduct Class III gaming. Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. Federal law makes it a crime punishable by up to ten years in prison to steal, cheat, or embezzle from an Indian gaming operation, and that law is enforced by the FBI 18 USC ss. 1163.

*From: 2000-2006 National Indian Gaming Association According to 2003 United States Census Bureau, the Indian population in Arizona is estimated to be 294,137.

Arizona Gaming Tribes Are Helping Each Other. With the passage of Prop 202 in 2002, Arizona Tribes that are too remote to have casinos benefit from Indian gaming by receiv- ing funds through intertribal transfer agree- ments of gaming devices with gaming tribes.

Facilities of AIGA Member Tribes

Name No. of Slot Machines Poker Tables Black Jack Tables Date Opened Apache Gold 496 5 6 May-94 Casino Arizona at Salt River 998 0 50 August-98

Casino Arizona at Talking Stick 532 45 36 March-99 29 Casino Del Sol 998 14 31 October -01 Casino of the Sun 507 0 6 March-94 Cliff Castle Casino 565 7 10 May-95 Cocopah Casino 475 0 8 November-92 Crossing Casino 223 0 0 August-06 Desert Diamond Casino 991 18 21 October-93 Desert Diamond II 603 0 15 July-01 Fort McDowell Gaming Center 775 30 18 January-93 Golden Hassan 40* 0 0 February-99 Harrah's Ak-Chin Casino 950 6 14 December-94 Hon Dah Casino 724 3 4 December-93 Lone Butte Casino 450 0 4 January-02 Mazatzal Casino 367 1 6 September-93 Paradise Casino 475 0 6 August-96 Spirit Mountain Casino 252 0 0 April-95 Vee Quiva Casino 675 14 14 December-97 Wild Horse Pass Casino 750 17 19 November-97

*Class II only The National Indian Gaming Commission is the third level. NIGC oversees regulation of Class II Indian Gaming nationally. Other Federal agencies responsible for enforcing laws relating to Indian Gaming & Regulation Indian gaming include the Interior Indian gaming is regulated by the tribes, Department, the Justice Department, the the state and the federal government. FBI, the IRS, the Secret Service and the Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes and These are three separate and distinct levels. Enforcement Network. Tribes provide the first and primary level of regulation. Tribal Governments and Sovereignty The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) The U.S. Constitution recognizes Indian mandates that Tribes establish a regulatory tribes as sovereign nations with self-governing body (tribal regulators and commissions) to powers. ensure that operations are in compliance with Tribes have the same status as states and 30 local ordinances and Tribal/State compacts. foreign nations. The U.S. Supreme Court has Tribes are responsible for the on-site opera- consistently upheld this view. tion and management of all gaming facilities. The U.S. Constitution gives primary author- ity over tribes to Congress, not to states. The Arizona Department of Gaming (ADOG) Tribal governments are not subservient to serves as the second level of regulation. state governments; by law, tribes regulate their ADOG is responsible for enforcing own civil affairs. Tribal/State compacts. The Department’s Sovereignty is the right to govern yourself. regulatory responsibilities include certification of individuals and businesses and regulation When tribes gave up their lands in treaties of gaming operations to ensure compliance with the U.S., they retained the right to with compact provisions. continue governing themselves as they had for centuries. Like states, tribal governments make and enforce their own laws; provide services for citizens; raise and spend revenues; regulate commerce; establish citizenship rules and negotiate with other governments. Tribes set their own citizenship criteria, just as states do. Most require proof of blood quantum or lineal ancestry. own federally recognized reservations – not unlike soldiers and their families living on military bases– are exempt from paying state income and property taxes. Taxes and Land Indians do not receive regular payments from Indian tribes and Communities are sovereign the federal government. governments. Sovereign governments do not Federal aid is directed to tribal governments, tax one another. not to individuals. In rare cases, individual If they could, one government unit could seize tribal members may receive direct payments power by taxing another out of existence. as part of negotiated or court ordered settlement of land, treaty, mineral rights or Tribal casinos are tax-exempt because they are other claims. government operations. Land has great spiritual and cultural They are not private, for-profit businesses. significance to tribes. Congress intended tribal gaming to be a 31 source of revenue for tribal governments, not Even in modern times, activities like hunting, a revenue source for states. Revenue from fishing, logging and farming provide a vital tribal governmental gaming acts in lieu of a connection to Indian culture and traditions. tax base for tribal governments, almost all of Most tribes, therefore, do not view land as a which have few other resources. commodity to be sold or “used”, but rather as a long-term cultural asset to be preserved. In 2004 tribal government gaming nation- wide generated $5.5 billion in federal taxes, $1.8 billion in state government revenue and more than $100 million for local governments. In Arizona, in 2005, tribal governmental gaming generated approxi- mately $31 million in payroll taxes. All Indians pay federal income tax on all income, including on per capita payments. All Indian people pay FICA taxes, social security taxes, sales and other excise taxes. Only Indians who live and work on their OFFICERS AND STAFF OF AIGA

CHAIRWOMAN Delia M. Carlyle Chairman, Ak-Chin Indian Community

VICE CHAIR Bernadine Burnette Vice President Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation

SECRETARY Herminia Frias Chairwoman, Pascua Yaqui Tribe

TREASURER Carleton P. Albert, Sr. Head Councilman, Zuni Tribe

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Sheila Morago

ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT Luene Mansfield

AIGA OFFICE 2214 N. Central Avenue Suite 250 Phoenix, AZ 85004 32 602.307.1570 phone www.azindiangaming.org

CREATING STRONG ECONOMIES • EMPOWERING INDIAN COMMUNITIES