50 (a) Spring-AOD 50 (b) Summer-AOD Akedala Akedala

Mt.Longfeng Urumqi Tongyu Tongyu Mt.Longfeng Xilinhot Urumqi Xilinhot Hami Zhurihe ShenyangBenxiFushu Hami Zhurihe Shenyang Ejina Anshan Ejina BenxiFushu Ulate Zhangbei Ulate Anshan ShangdianziBeijing ZhangbeiShangdianzi Dunhuang DongshengDatong Beijing Tazhong Jiuquan GuchengTianjin Dunhuang DongshengDatong Tianjin Dalian Tazhong Jiuquan Gucheng Dalian 40 MinqinYinchuanYulin Minqin Huimin 40 YinchuanYulin Hotan Yushe Hotan Yushe Huimin Lanzhou Yanan Mt.WaliguanMt.Gaolan Mt.Tai Yanan Mt.Tai Zhengzhou Mt.WaliguanMt.GaolanLanzhou Xi'an Xi'an Zhengzhou

HefeiNanjing PudongDongtan Hefei Chengdu PudongDongtan HangzhouLin'an Chengdu HangzhouLin'an Lhasa Changde 30 Lhasa Changde Shangri-La 30 Shangri-La 0 to 0.2 0 to 0.2 Kunming Kunming 0.2 to 0.4 Nanning Panyu 0.2 to 0.4 Nanning Panyu 0.4 to 0.6 0.4 to 0.6 20 0.6 to 0.8 20 0.6 to 0.8 0.8 to 1.2 0.8 to 1.2

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

(d) Winter-AOD 50 (c) Fall-AOD 50 Akedala Akedala

Mt.Longfeng Mt.Longfeng Tongyu Urumqi Tongyu Urumqi Xilinhot Xilinhot Hami Hami Zhurihe ShenyangFushu Zhurihe ShenyangBenxiFushu Ejina Ulate AnshanBenxi Ejina Zhangbei Ulate Zhangbei Anshan Shangdianzi Shangdianzi Dunhuang DatongBeijing Dunhuang DatongBeijing Jiuquan Dongsheng GuchengTianjin Jiuquan Dongsheng GuchengTianjin Tazhong Dalian Tazhong Dalian 40 MinqinYinchuanYulin 40 MinqinYinchuan Huimin Yulin Huimin Yushe Hotan Yushe Hotan Lanzhou Mt.GaolanLanzhou Yanan Mt.Tai Mt.Gaolan Yanan Mt.Waliguan Zhengzhou Mt.Waliguan Mt.Tai Xi'an Xi'an Zhengzhou

HefeiNanjing HefeiNanjing PudongDongtan Dongtan Chengdu Chengdu Pudong HangzhouLin'an HangzhouLin'an Changde Changde 30 Lhasa 30 Lhasa Shangri-La 0 to 0.2 0 to 0.2 Shangri-La Kunming 0.2 to 0.4 0.2 to 0.4 Kunming Nanning Panyu Panyu Nanning 0.4 to 0.6 0.4 to 0.6

20 0.6 to 0.8 20 0.6 to 0.8 0.8 to 1.2 0.8 to 1.2

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

50 (f) Spring-AE 50 (g) Summer-AE Akedala Akedala

Mt.Longfeng Xilinhot Tongyu Xilinhot Tongyu Mt.Longfeng Urumqi Hami Urumqi Ejina Zhurihe Hami Ejina Zhurihe Ulate ShenyangFushu Fushu Zhangbei Benxi Ulate Zhangbei ShenyangBenxi Dunhuang Shangdianzi Anshan Anshan Jiuquan DongshengDatong DunhuangJiuquan Tazhong Beijing Tazhong DatongShangdianzi Minqin Tianjin Dongsheng Beijing 40 YinchuanYulin Gucheng Dalian Minqin GuchengTianjin Hotan 40 YinchuanYulin Dalian Yushe Huimin Hotan Mt.Waliguan Yanan Huimin Mt.GaolanLanzhou Mt.Tai Mt.Waliguan Yushe Mt.GaolanLanzhou Yanan Mt.Tai Xi'an Zhengzhou Xi'an Zhengzhou

HefeiNanjing Dongtan HefeiNanjing Chengdu Pudong Dongtan Lin'an Pudong Lhasa Hangzhou Chengdu Lin'an Changde Lhasa Hangzhou 30 Changde Shangri-La 30 0 to 0.4 0 to 0.4 Shangri-La 0.4 to 0.6 0.4 to 0.6 Kunming Kunming

0.6 to 0.8 Nanning Panyu 0.6 to 0.8 Nanning Panyu 0.8 to 1 0.8 to 1 20 1 to 1.2 20 1 to 1.2 1.2 to 2 1.2 to 2

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

50 (h) Fall-AE 50 (i) Winter-AE Akedala Akedala

Xilinhot Tongyu Mt.Longfeng Xilinhot Tongyu Mt.Longfeng Urumqi Hami Urumqi Zhurihe Hami Ejina Ejina Zhurihe Ulate Zhangbei ShenyangBenxiFushu Ulate Zhangbei ShenyangBenxiFushu Dunhuang Anshan Anshan Jiuquan Shangdianzi Dunhuang Shangdianzi Tazhong DongshengDatong Jiuquan DongshengDatongBeijing Minqin Beijing Tazhong 40 YinchuanYulin GuchengTianjin Dalian 40 MinqinYinchuanYulin GuchengTianjin Dalian Hotan Hotan Huimin Huimin Mt.Waliguan Yanan Yushe Mt.Waliguan Yanan Yushe Mt.GaolanLanzhou Mt.Tai Mt.GaolanLanzhou Mt.Tai Xi'an Zhengzhou Xi'an Zhengzhou

HefeiNanjingDongtan HefeiNanjing Pudong PudongDongtan Chengdu Lin'an Chengdu Lhasa Hangzhou Lhasa HangzhouLin'an 30 Changde 30 Changde Shangri-La 0 to 0.4 Shangri-La 0 to 0.4 0.4 to 0.6 0.4 to 0.6 Kunming Kunming 0.6 to 0.8 Panyu Panyu 0.6 to 0.8 Nanning Nanning 0.8 to 1 0.8 to 1 20 20 1 to 1.2 1 to 1.2 1.2 to 2 1.2 to 2 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 80 90 100 110 120 130 140