DOCSLIB.ORG

Program 1-D Eclipse-City Along China's Ancient Silk Road From

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Program 1-D Eclipse-City Along China's Ancient Silk Road From Program 1-D: Page 1 of 18 Eclipse-City along China’s Silk Road in the Xinjiang Province Program 1-D Eclipse-City along China’s Ancient Silk Road From Kashgar to Hami Eclipse-City is happy to announce its extended China eclipse-program. Our extended 2008 eclipse program for China will take you primarily to China’s Northwestern Uyghur Autonomous Province of Xinjiang. Xinjiang is the largest political subdivision of China - it accounts for more than one sixth of China's total territory, a quarter of its boundary length, but only 1.5% of its total population. It is divided into two basins by the Tianshan Mountain range. Dzungarian Basin is in the north, and Tarim Basin is in the south. Xinjiang's lowest point is located in the Turfan Depression, 155 meters below sea level (second lowest in the world). Its highest peak, K2, the second highest mountain in the world, is 8,611 meters above sea level, at the border with Pakistan. This tour, based around our core program (1A), emphasizes even more the historical richness of the Silk Road in the Xinjiang province. We will travel some 2,000 km by comfortable tourist coach busses along China’s Silk Road and experience unforgettable highlights, such as the view of crystal clear high altitude lakes surrounded by snow-caped mountains, drive along the world’s second lowest point in Turpan Basin, visit ancient caves with Buddhist paintings, shop in multi-ethnic bazaars, witness stunning sand dunes, watch and/or ride the famous Barkol horse or camels and of course, enjoy more than 2 minutes of totality in our specially built camp in the Gobi Desert. You will be accompanied by our multilingual staff, bilingual local guides, and of course, astronomy experts from the international community as well as from Urumqi Observatory. We have personally inspected all hotels, 2 to 4 stars depending on the visited locations. Our “Kazakh Eclipse Cities” will be ashore lake Balikun and on “the dunes”, on our viewing site, both incredible locations. Full board and an award winning show and eclipse gala dinner, will make this trip, an unforgettable experience. The Olympic Summer games start on August 8th 2008 in Beijing. We do therefore strongly recommend to place your bookings for the tour as early as possible. Welcome again to Eclipse-City Managing Director Eclipse-City Ltd. Where the moon mates the sun www.eclipse-city.com Program 1-D: Page 2 of 18 Eclipse-City along China’s Silk Road in the Xinjiang Province Program 1-D Eclipse-City along China’s Ancient Silk Road From Kashgar to Hami www.eclipse-city.com Program 1-D: Page 3 of 18 Eclipse-City along China’s Silk Road in the Xinjiang Province Program 1-D: 14-day program ex Beijing (China) Monday July 21st – Sunday August 3rd 2008 Euros 3,789.- p.p. (single supplement policy applies) Monday, July 21st 2008 – Beijing Arrival in Beijing in the morning from your home country. Depending on your arrival, we will pick you up and bring you to your hotel. In the afternoon we will drive you into your first Beijing impressions: visit of Tiananmen Square, and Temple of Heaven. Tiananmen was built in 1417 in the Ming Dynasty. In 1699 (early Qing Dynasty), Tiananmen was renovated and renamed to its present form. During the Ming and Qing eras, there was no public square at Tiananmen, and instead the area was filled with offices for imperial ministries. These were badly damaged during the Boxer Rebellion and the area was cleared to produce the beginning of Tiananmen Square. The square is 880 meters south to north and 500 meters east to west, a total area of 440,000 square meters, which makes it the largest open-urban square in the world. Near the centre of today's square, close to the site of the Mao Zedong Mausoleum, once stood one of the most important gates of Beijing. This gate was known as the "Great Ming Gate" during the Ming Dynasty, "Great Qing Gate" during the Qing Dynasty, and "Gate of China" during the Republic of China era. Unlike the other gates in Beijing, such as the Tiananmen and the Qianmen, this was a purely ceremonial gateway, with three arches but no ramparts, similar in style to the ceremonial gateways found in the Ming Dynasty Tombs. This gate had a special status as the "Gate of the Nation", as can be seen from its successive names. It normally remained closed, except when the Emperor passed through. Commoner traffic were diverted to two side gates at the western and eastern ends of today's square, respectively. Because of this diversion in traffic, a busy marketplace, called Chess grid Streets developed in the small, fenced square to the south of this gate. In the early 1950s, the Gate of China (as it was then known) was demolished along with the chess grid streets to the south, completing the expansion of Tiananmen Square to (approximately) its current size. The Temple of Heaven, literally the Altar of Heaven, is a complex of Taoist buildings situated in southeastern urban Beijing, in Xuanwu District. Construction of the complex began in 1420, and was thereafter visited by all subsequent Emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is regarded as a www.eclipse-city.com Program 1-D: Page 4 of 18 Eclipse-City along China’s Silk Road in the Xinjiang Province Taoist temple, although the worship of Heaven, especially by the reigning monarch of the day, pre- dates Taoism. After the peasant rebellion that obliterated the Ming Dynasty, a peasant shot an arrow into the sign. The Temple grounds covers 2.73 km2 of parkland, and comprises three main groups of constructions, all built according to strict philosophical requirements. The Earthly Mount is the altar proper. It is an empty platform on three levels of marble stones, where the Emperor prayed for favourable weather; the House of Heavenly Lord, a single-gabled circular building, built on a single level of marble stone base, where the altars were housed when not in use; the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, a magnificent triple-gabled circular building, built on three levels of marble stone base, where the Emperor prayed for good harvests. In ancient China, the Emperor of China was regarded as the "Son of Heaven", who administered earthly matters on behalf of, and representing, heavenly authority. To be seen to be showing respect to the source of his authority, in the form of sacrifices to heaven, was extremely important. The temple was built for these ceremonies, mostly comprised of prayers for good harvests. Each winter solstice the Emperor and all his retinue would move through the city to encamp within the complex, wearing special robes and abstaining from eating meat; there the Emperor would personally pray to Heaven for good harvests. The ceremony had to be perfectly completed; it was widely held that the smallest of mistakes would constitute a bad omen for the whole nation in the coming year. The Temple of Heaven is the grandest of the four great temples located in Beijing. The other prominent temples include the Temple of Sun in the east, the Temple of Earth in the north, and the Temple of Moon in the west. According to Xinhua, in early 2005, the Temple of Heaven underwent a 47 million yuan (5.9 million USD) face-lift in preparation for the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics and the restoration was completed on May 1st, 2006. The Temple of Heaven was registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998. Dinner and overnight in Beijing. Tuesday, July 22nd 2008 – Forbidden City and Great Wall In the morning we will visit the Forbidden City and its palaces; in the afternoon we will exit Beijing to the Great Wall (130 km outside of Beijing) and the famous 13 Ming tombs and "Avenue of Souls". The Forbidden City, literally "Purple Forbidden City", was the Chinese imperial palace during the mid- Ming and the Qing Dynasties. The Forbidden City is located in the middle of Beijing, China. It is now known as the Palace Museum. Its extensive grounds cover 720,000 square meters (approximately 178 acres) and is composed of 800 buildings with 8,886 rooms. www.eclipse-city.com Program 1-D: Page 5 of 18 Eclipse-City along China’s Silk Road in the Xinjiang Province The Forbidden City, listed by UNESCO as the largest collection of preserved ancient wooden structures in the world, was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 as the "Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties". The Palace Museum in the Forbidden City should not be confused with the National Palace Museum in Taipei, Taiwan island. Both museums derive from the same institution, but they were split after the Chinese Civil War. The Great Wall of China or literally "The long wall of 10,000 Li” is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in China, built between 5th century BC and the 17th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire during the rule of successive dynasties. Several walls, referred to as the Great Wall of China, were built since the 5th century BC, the most famous being the one built between 220 BC and 200 BC by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang; this wall was located much further north than the current wall built during the Ming Dynasty, and little of it remains. The Great Wall is one of the existing mega structures and the world's longest man-made structure, stretching over 6,352 km (3,948 miles) from Shanghai Pass in the east to Lop Nur in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Kashgar: Lost in the Mists of Time—A Photo Essay
    Oh call back yesterday, bid time return. — Shakespeare, Richard II, 3.2 Every student of the Silk Roads has heard of Kashgar, one of the key nodes in the network of routes crisscrossing Afro-Eurasia. A city with an important if, surprisingly, understudied history, Kashgar has also featured in alarming news reports of recent years. The very fabric of its physical remains and the lives of its inhabitants have been rapidly and inexorably altered by government policies that have provoked moral outrage from those who deeply care about the people who have so been affected. That recent history has been amply documented, often with dramatic photographic evidence of the changes. My purpose is not to engage in the same discussion, even if my photos may be related to it. The brief essay at the end here will provide some references and also indicate my indebtedness to colleagues who have generously answered specific questions or provided a few of the images. Unless otherwise speci- fied, the photos are my own. Copyright © 2020 Daniel C. Waugh and holders of rights The Silk Road 18 (2020): 1–62 2 to specified images Copyright © 2020 The Silk Road House As John Berger reminds us (in his response to Susan Sontag’s On Photography, which he quotes): …[U]nlike memory, photographs do not in themselves preserve meaning. They offer appearances— with all the credibility and gravity we normally lend to appearances—prised away from their meaning. Meaning is the result of understanding functions. ‘And functioning takes place in time, and must be explained in time.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecosystem Services Changes Between 2000 and 2015 in the Loess Plateau, China: a Response to Ecological Restoration
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Ecosystem services changes between 2000 and 2015 in the Loess Plateau, China: A response to ecological restoration Dan Wu1, Changxin Zou1, Wei Cao2*, Tong Xiao3, Guoli Gong4 1 Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, China, 2 Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, China, 3 Satellite Environment Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing, China, 4 Shanxi Academy of Environmental Planning, Taiyuan, China a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract The Loess Plateau of China is one of the most severe soil and water loss areas in the world. Since 1999, the Grain to Green Program (GTGP) has been implemented in the region. This OPEN ACCESS study aimed to analyze spatial and temporal variations of ecosystem services from 2000 to Citation: Wu D, Zou C, Cao W, Xiao T, Gong G 2015 to assess the effects of the GTGP, including carbon sequestration, water regulation, (2019) Ecosystem services changes between 2000 soil conservation and sand fixation. During the study period, the area of forest land and and 2015 in the Loess Plateau, China: A response grassland significantly expanded, while the area of farmland decreased sharply. Ecosystem to ecological restoration. PLoS ONE 14(1): services showed an overall improvement with localized deterioration. Carbon sequestration, e0209483. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0209483 water regulation and soil conservation increased substantially. Sand fixation showed a decreasing trend mainly because of decreased wind speeds. There were synergies Editor: Debjani Sihi, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, UNITED STATES between carbon sequestration and water regulation, and tradeoffs between soil conserva- tion and sand fixation.
    [Show full text]
  • Optical and Physical Characteristics of the Lowest Aerosol Layers Over the Yellow River Basin
    atmosphere Article Optical and Physical Characteristics of the Lowest Aerosol Layers over the Yellow River Basin Miao Zhang 1,*, Jing Liu 2, Muhammad Bilal 3,* , Chun Zhang 1, Feifei Zhao 1, Xiaoyan Xie 4,5 and Khaled Mohamed Khedher 6,7 1 School of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road No.1638, Nan Yang 473061, China; [email protected] (C.Z.); zff@nynu.edu.cn (F.Z.) 2 Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; [email protected] 3 School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 2100444, China 4 South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; [email protected] 5 College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China 6 Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 7 Department of Civil Engineering, Institut Superieur des Etudes Technologiques, Campus Universitaire Mrezgua, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.Z.); [email protected] (M.B.) Received: 17 September 2019; Accepted: 19 October 2019; Published: 22 October 2019 Abstract: Studying the presence of aerosols in different atmospheric layers helps researchers understand their impacts on climate change, air quality, and human health. Therefore, in the present study, the optical and physical properties of aerosol layers over the Yellow River Basin (YERB) were investigated using the CALIPSO Level 2 aerosol layer products from January 2007 to December 2014. The Yellow River Basin was divided into three sub-regions i.e., YERB1 (the plain region downstream of the YERB), YERB2 (the Loess Plateau region in the middle reaches of the YERB), and YERB3 (the mountainous terrain in the upper reaches of the YERB).
    [Show full text]
  • The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study
    The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 The Silk Roads An ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 International Council of Monuments and Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94220 Charenton-le-Pont FRANCE ISBN 978-2-918086-12-3 © ICOMOS All rights reserved Contents STATES PARTIES COVERED BY THIS STUDY ......................................................................... X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... XI 1 CONTEXT FOR THIS THEMATIC STUDY ........................................................................ 1 1.1 The purpose of the study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to this study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Global Strategy ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Cultural routes ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.3 Serial transnational World Heritage nominations of the Silk Roads .................................................. 3 1.2.4 Ittingen expert meeting 2010 ........................................................................................................... 3 2 THE SILK ROADS: BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Introduction of History and Religious Beliefs of Ancient City Gaochang in Western Regions
    World Journal of Islamic History and Civilization, 4 (4): 125-129, 2014 ISSN 2225-0883 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wjihc.2014.4.4.442 A Brief Introduction of History and Religious Beliefs of Ancient City Gaochang in Western Regions 12Zhu Guoxiang and Sun Xiaobin 1School of Ethnology and Sociology, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China, 550025 2International Cultural Exchange Center, Chinese State Bureau of Cultural Relics, Beijing, China 100081 Abstract: The ancient Gaochang’s four different periods of history was told and then in every historical stage of religious belief situation also made a general list. The Buddhism was the dominant religion, while other religions were believed by the residents in Gaochang at the same time. This belief situation was advocated by the Gaochang’s ruling class and its special geographical location, which made Gaochang the place with different religious culture. Key words: Gaochang History Religions Belief China INTRODCTION Xinjiang officially incorporated into the domain of the Chinese territory. In the 48 B.C, because of the fertile soil Gaochang, built in the 1st Century BC the Han in Jiaohe and its the important position, the government Dynasty, was one of the world's religious cultural sent officials and built barracks in Jiaohe and at the treasure. Gaochang was an important site along the Silk same time set troops in Jiaohe, Gaochang. As for the Road. Gaochang played a key role as a transportation explanation of its name, there is an saying in The Book of hub in western China and it was also one of the ancient Wei Dynasty-GaochangHistor, “Because the terrain was Xinjiang's political, cultural and educational centers.
    [Show full text]
  • 7 Days Memories of Xinjiang Tour
    [email protected] +86-28-85593923 7 days Memories of Xinjiang tour https://windhorsetour.com/silk-road-tour/xinjiang-highlights-tour Urumqi Turpan Kashgar Tashkorgan Urumqi Vist two popular cities in this Xinjiang highlights tour, Turpan and Kashgar. Drive into the deserts of Turpan to explore the relics left by the ancient civilizations, and enjoy a tranquil hiking along the shore of Karakul Lake in Kashgar. Type Private Duration 7 days Theme Natural scenery Trip code XJT-01 Price From US$ 1,061 per person Itinerary Starting from Urumqi, this Xinjiang Highlights tour provides a memorable experience to two must-see cities, Turpan and Kashgar. Cultural heritages and natural landscapes are balanced in this trip. You will be fascinated by the unique scenery of deserts, lakes, and forests while exploring the past civilizations along the ancient Silk Road. The unique Uyghur culture is yet another a highlight of this tour. Day 01 : Arrive Urumqi Travel along the Silk Road to pursue the unique beauty of this ancient and historically important trade route in the world. Explore the past civilizations which have influenced the culture of China, Central Asia and the west for thousands of years. This memorable Silk Road Xinjiang tour starts in the capital of of this province, Urumqi. Upon arrival at the airport or railway station, be assisted to the downtown hotel by your local driver and guide. Have the day to rest or explore this city on your own. Day 02 : Drive to Turpan - Turpan Sightseeing In the morning, drive to Turpan, an oasis city located in the southeast of Urumqi.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation JIAN 2016 Final
    The Impact of Global English in Xinjiang, China: Linguistic Capital and Identity Negotiation among the Ethnic Minority and Han Chinese Students Ge Jian A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2016 Reading Committee: Laada Bilaniuk, Chair Ann Anagnost, Chair Stevan Harrell Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology © Copyright 2016 Ge Jian University of Washington Abstract The Impact of Global English in Xinjiang, China: Linguistic Capital and Identity Negotiation among the Ethnic Minority and Han Chinese Students Ge Jian Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Laada Bilaniuk Professor Ann Anagnost Department of Anthropology My dissertation is an ethnographic study of the language politics and practices of college- age English language learners in Xinjiang at the historical juncture of China’s capitalist development. In Xinjiang the international lingua franca English, the national official language Mandarin Chinese, and major Turkic languages such as Uyghur and Kazakh interact and compete for linguistic prestige in different social scenarios. The power relations between the Turkic languages, including the Uyghur language, and Mandarin Chinese is one in which minority languages are surrounded by a dominant state language supported through various institutions such as school and mass media. The much greater symbolic capital that the “legitimate language” Mandarin Chinese carries enables its native speakers to have easier access than the native Turkic speakers to jobs in the labor market. Therefore, many Uyghur parents face the dilemma of choosing between maintaining their cultural and linguistic identity and making their children more socioeconomically mobile. The entry of the global language English and the recent capitalist development in China has led to English education becoming market-oriented and commodified, which has further complicated the linguistic picture in Xinjiang.
    [Show full text]
  • Mosques: Demolition Reports Denied
    2 | Tuesday, November 17, 2020 HONG KONG EDITION | CHINA DAILY PAGE TWO The Id Kah Mosque, built in 1442 in Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, is one of the largest in China. WENG HUAN / FOR CHINA DAILY Mosques: Demolition reports denied From page 1 mosques and for religious activities. nearby communities visit the and hung over the entrance to the Local governments are required to mosque for the five daily prayers. mosque in 1982, but the characters On July 31, Liu Xiaoming, China’s help mosques improve infrastruc- On a Friday, the Muslim holy day, and designs on it faded and were ambassador to the United Kingdom, ture and provide better services to the number exceeds 300. damaged due to exposure to the sun said in an online news conference followers to ensure that freedom of Following urbanization work in and wind. from London that the allegation religious beliefs is fully protected, Xinjiang in recent years, some The imam added: “In 2017, the that a large number of mosques in the spokesman added. worshippers moved to new homes. plaque was repaired together with Xinjiang had been demolished was At their request, the local authori- other facilities at the mosque. It “nothing but a lie”. Leaking roof ties built new mosques or expand- was moved to its current position “The Jiami Mosque in Yecheng In Tuohula township, Wensu ed existing ones to meet demand, and a large canopy was put up to and the Id Kah Mosque in Yutian, county, Aksu prefecture, Ablikim according to Bekri Yaqub, director prevent the plaque being exposed which it was claimed had been dis- Sadiq said he had felt unsafe every of Yanghang Mosque Democratic to the weather.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Tourism
    The Value of Cultural Accommodation: Preservation, Promotion and Product Mr. Wong Man Kong, Peter Chairman, Culture Resources Development Co Ltd Executive Chairman, China Chamber of Tourism Silk Road Projects UN Silk Road Projects initiated in 1993 with UNESCO, UNDP and WTO (incorporated in UN in 2004) In 1993, Culture Hotel in Dunhuang Since 1995, Culture Hotel & Culture Tourism Hotel Projects Culture Resources Development Co Ltd www.the-silk-road.com ©2014 All copyrights reserved Overland & Maritime Silk Road Japan S. Korea Dunhuang Istanbul Xian Rome Samarkand Shiraz (CHINA) Guangzhou Quanzhou Alexandria Goa Malacca Aden Attractions of Heritage Facilities along the Silk Road in China Suzhou, Jiangsu Province • Silk production first started in Suzhou • Bonsai flourished and spread to Japan Culture Resources Development Co Ltd www.the-silk-road.com All rights reserved ©2014 Attractions of Heritage Facilities along the Silk Road in China Attractions in Suzhou Culture Resources Development Co Ltd www.the-silk-road.com All rights reserved ©2014 Attractions of Heritage Facilities along the Silk Road in China Xidi Village, Anhui Province • Ancient caravans traded silk and other goods in the inland cities • A cultural hub where “Four Treasures of Study” flourished • UNESCO World Heritage Attractions of Heritage Facilities along the Silk Road in China Attractions in Anhui Province Culture Resources Development Co Ltd www.the-silk-road.com All rights reserved ©2014 Attractions of Heritage Facilities along the Silk Road in China Dunhuang,
    [Show full text]
  • Muztagh Ata 7546M
    Muztagh Ata 7546m Technically easy summit over 7500m Stunning peak with incredible views The remote and diverse city of Kashgar TREK OVERVIEW Muztagh Ata meaning ‘The father of ice mountains’, rises Kunlun mountains to the East and the Tien Shan to the out of China’s vast Taklimakan Desert in the Xinjiang North. The ascent involves establishing three camps en Province of China and provides the opportunity to climb a route above Base Camp, all approached without technical mountain over 7500m with minimal technical difficulty. difficulty. The summit day, although technically For those with the appropriate skills, it is often used as a straightforward, will feel exhausting as a result of the stepping stone to an 8000m peak which could include extreme altitude, so a good level of fitness is essential. Everest. Given a clear day, you will be rewarded with tremendous views of the Pamir, the Karakoram and K2. It lies in the centre of the great mountain ranges of Asia, with the Karakoram to the south, the Pamir to the west, the Participation Statement Adventure Peaks recognises that climbing, hill walking and mountaineering are activities with a danger of personal injury or death. Participants in these activities should be aware of and accept these risks and be responsible for their own actions and involvement. Adventure Travel – Accuracy of Itinerary Although it is our intention to operate this itinerary as printed, it may be necessary to make some changes as a result of flight schedules, climatic conditions, limitations of infrastructure or other operational factors. As a consequence, the order or location of overnight stops and the duration of the day may vary from those outlined.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Chinese Hami Melon and Its Relationship to the Melon Germplasm from Central and South Asia
    J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 80 (1): 52–65. 2011. Available online at www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jjshs1 JSHS © 2011 Molecular Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Chinese Hami Melon and Its Relationship to the Melon Germplasm from Central and South Asia Yasheng Aierken1,2, Yukari Akashi1, Phan Thi Phuong Nhi1, Yikeremu Halidan1, Katsunori Tanaka3, Bo Long4, Hidetaka Nishida1, Chunlin Long4, Min Zhu Wu2 and Kenji Kato1* 1Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan 2Hami Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumuqi 830000, China 3Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan 4Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China Chinese Hami melon consists of the varieties cassaba, chandalak, ameri, and zard. To show their genetic diversity, 120 melon accessions, including 24 accessions of Hami melon, were analyzed using molecular markers of nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes. All Hami melon accessions were classified as the large-seed type with seed length longer than 9 mm, like US and Spanish Inodorus melon. Conomon accessions grown in east China were all the small- seed type. Both large- and small-seed types were in landraces from Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Central Asia. Analysis of an SNP in the PS-ID region (Rpl16-Rpl14) and size polymorphism of ccSSR7 showed that the melon accessions consisted of three chloroplast genome types, that is, maternal lineages. Hami melon accessions were T/338 bp type, which differed from Spanish melon and US Honey Dew (T/333 bp type), indicating a different maternal lineage within group Inodorus.
    [Show full text]
  • Along the Silk Route Escorted Group Tour 7 September 2017
    Along the Silk Route Escorted Group Tour 7 September 2017 Noodle soup, China We are very proud to have received a number of awards over recent years from The Guardian and Observer, The Telegraph newspaper and Ultratravel magazine, and Wanderlust, as voted by their readers. We are a Which? Recommended Provider achieving the maximum five star rating across all categories and have also won awards with The Sunday Times Travel Magazine and Condé Nast Traveller. Additionally, we have achieved two stars from the Best Company organisation for our great working environment. These awards are widely recognised as being the most respected in the travel industry as they are professional surveys of the publications’ readerships. With over 500 travel companies for you to choose from in the UK alone, we hope you find these awards are an additional reassurance of the quality of service you can expect from Audley. Contents Introduction to tour ______________________________ 4 Day by day summary of Along the Silk Route arrangements__ 6 Price _________________________________________ 9 Why travel with us? ______________________________ 10 Introduction to the region _________________________ 11 Photographs of the region __________________________ 18 Your itinerary in detail ____________________________ 20 Accommodation information ________________________ 44 Charity support _________________________________ 51 General information ______________________________ 52 Terms and conditions _____________________________ 55 4 Introduction to our Along the Silk Route tour • Introduction to our Along the Silk Route group tour Following in the footsteps of the great traders and explorers of old, this grand tour takes you along the route of the ancient Silk Road through western China and over the high passes into Central Asia to the fabled khanates of Bukhara and Samarkand.
    [Show full text]