GOAL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Egypt Democracy Compass

Year In Review: July 2013 – June 2014 JUDICIAL FREEDOM ACTIVISM PEACEFUL POLITICAL RELIGIOUS ELECTIONS & SECURITY EXPRESSION RULE OF LAW CONSTITUTION & FREEDOM OF PARTICIPATION SECTOR REFORM MEDIA FREEDOM The Egypt Democracy Compass is designed to provide a snapshot of the country’s trajectory, either toward or further away from a truly democratic INDEPENDENCE & ASSEMBLY & CIVIC system, over the preceding calendar month. Each of the eight topical categories receives a status designation—Backsliding, Stalled, Progress, or CIVILIAN CONTROL Achieved—based on recent developments regarding the listed goals for that category. JULY In the year since the Egypt Democracy Compass was launched—following the July 3 coup that removed elected president Mohamed Morsi—the coup leaders have made very little progress toward their stated goal of restoring democratic rule. A new constitution was adopted, but through a 2013 p p u u u u u u deeply flawed process, and none of its rights guarantees have been enforced. A presidential election was held, but the contest was tightly controlled and fell far short of international standards. Meanwhile, some 16,000 political prisoners have been detained, and the security forces continue to commit abuses with impunity. Any hint of progress during the year has been outweighed by the numerous setbacks, leaving Egypt much farther AUGUST from democracy than before the coup. 2013 p p u u u u u u Click on the calendar bar for more information.

u Backsliding p Stalled  Progress  Achieved www.freedomhouse.org SEPTEMBER 2013 p p u u u p p p Goals OCTOBER Constitution Elections Political 2013 p p p p p p p p a. The constitution and constitutional amendments are the products of a a. National elections are conducted Participation fair process that reflects consensus under electoral laws and procedures that meet international standards. a. All major political factions among all major political factions. participated in national elections. NOVEMBER b. National elections are monitored b. The constitution protects civil 2 b. All political factions that won 2013 p p p p p p u  1 liberties, including the rights of and deemed credible by qualified 3 international observers. legislative seats participate in women minorities, in keeping with legislative activity. c. A directly elected legislature has international standards and Egypt’s c. No public figures or activists are existing treaty commitments. been seated, and a directly elected DECEMBER executive authority has taken office. being detained for political reasons. c. The constitution is in effect. 2013  p u p p p u p

Religious Freedom Media Freedom & Civilian Control & JANUARY a. All religious groups are able to Freedom of Expression Security-Sector Reform 2014  p u p u u p p preach and practice their faith a. The media collectively convey the a. The military is subordinate to the without state interference. views of all major political factions, constitution and elected civilian b. Specific religious beliefs and and state media are editorially authorities, playing no role in practices are not imposed, enforced, independent and free of obvious politics or trials of civilians. FEBRUARY or favored by the state, including political bias. b. The military budget is subject to 2014 p p p p p p p p with respect to the construction of 5 b. Journalists are able to work without 6 review and approval by an elected 4 houses of worship. facing violence, arbitrary detention, legislature. c. Individuals and groups are free to or unjustified interference with news c. The police and military have been peacefully exercise their beliefs dissemination. reformed and retrained to meet MARCH without interference or coercion from c. Journalists and other Egyptians are international standards on crowd 2014 p  u p p p p u nonstate actors, and any communal not subject to criminal prosecution control, criminal investigation, or religious violence is vigorously for blasphemy, defamation, or treatment of suspects in custody, and fairly prosecuted by the state. insulting state officials and entities. and accountability for abuses. APRIL 2014 p  u p p p p u Peaceful Assembly & Civic Activism Judicial Independence a. All political parties and segments of civil society are free & Rule of Law to assemble peacefully without encountering violence or a. The judiciary is free of political influence or bias, and judges are MAY arbitrary arrest by state actors. appointed, promoted, and removed using apolitical procedures 2014 p  p p p p p p b. All political parties and segments of civil society are free to and criteria. 7 assemble peacefully without encountering violence from 8 b. The judiciary upholds and defends the constitution and the rights nonstate actors. it guarantees. c. Nongovernmental organizations promoting democratic re- c. Criminal suspects and defendants are afforded full legal rights JUNE form and human rights are able to operate without interfer- and due process, including access to counsel and transparent ence from state or nonstate actors. court proceedings. 2014 p p p p u p p p