IPP119

REPUBLIC OF PERU Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN GUIDE

GUARANTEE FACILITY PROJECT

Public Disclosure Authorized

FEBUARY 2005

Public Disclosure Authorized

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN GUIDE GUARANTEE FACILITY PROJECT PERU

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.

1 BACKGROUND ...... 3

1.1 AIM OF THE GUIDE ...... 3 1.2 SCOPE ...... 3 1.3 PROINVERSION PROJECT PORTFOLIO ...... 4

2 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF PERU ...... 4

3 LEGAL AND INSTUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ...... 9

3.1 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...... 9 3.2 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ...... 10

4 CONCPETUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DRAFTING OF AN INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN ...... 13

4.1 PROINVERSION PROJECT CYCLE...... 13 4.1.1 First Phase: Identification ...... 13 4.1.2 Second Phase: Assessment ...... 13 4.1.3 Third Phase: Approval and Award ...... 13 4.1.4 Fourth Phase: Follow-up and Monitoring ...... 13 4.2 PREPARATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN ...... 14 4.3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREPARATION PROCESS ...... 14 4.3.1 Content of the IPDP ...... 14 4.4 PROCEDURES FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE DESIGN OF THE IPDP...... 16

5 PROCESS FOR CONSULTATION WITH INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ...... 16 5.1 PRIOR CONSULTATION ...... 16

6 IMPLEMENATION OF THE IPDP ...... 17

7 BUDGET ...... 17

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TABLES Page. FIGURE 1 TOTAL NUMBER OF CAMPESINO AND INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN PERU ...... 5 TABLE 1 - NATIVE COMMUNITIES IN PERU BY DEPARTMENT ...... 6 TABLE 2 - INDIGENOUS COMMUNTIES OF AMAZONAS (THE AMAZON REGION) .6 TABLE 3 RECOGNIZED AND TITLED NATIVE INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN PERU ...... 7

ii INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN GUIDE GUARANTEE FACILITY PROJECT PERU

1 BACKGROUND

After completing the first phase of privatizations between 1992 and 1994 through the Agency for the Promotion of Private Investment, ProInversion, the Government of Peru has been preparing new infrastructure concessions, including highways, regional airports, gas pipeline networks, safe water supply and sanitation works, rural telephony, and ports.

Unlike the concessions granted during the first phase, these require the economic and operational support of the Government. Most of them are located in very isolated regions with high unemployment rates. The hopes are that, through the implementation of these concessions, a positive social and economic impact will be produced in the regions where the projects are executed.

The inference from a quick review of the characteristics of the works comprised in the second phase is that the scope of some of the works, such as the Interoceanic Highway and the Cuzco pipeline, is likely to encompass indigenous communities. Proposals must therefore be made for procedures that ensure compliance with the rules and procedures stipulated in Peruvian law as well as the World Bank's Directive on Indigenous Peoples.

1.1 AIM OF THE GUIDE

The aim of this document is to ensure that the projects in the second phase of concessions will be implemented with due regard for the dignity, human rights, and culture of indigenous peoples, while proposing strategies that would guarantee that they partake in the benefits generated by the projects.

Of note is the fact that this Guide for the Preparation of Indigenous Peoples Development Plans -- IPDPs-- is part of the Social and Environmental Conceptual Framework. It is one of several other instruments prepared with the support of the World Bank, as was the Appropriations and Compensation Policy Framework. They were all proposed as tools to contribute to strengthening the institution's environmental and social management capacity and ensure that the projects promoted by ProInversion are sustainable. 1.2 SCOPE

This Guide is intended to provide direction for the work involved in identifying, assessing, and monitoring the projects promoted by ProInversion, especially those that are linked to and/or affect in some way the habitat of the indigenous peoples in Peru. In like fashion. this guide also offers direction on policy guidelines that should be taken into account in cases where it becomes necessary to draft sustainable development plans for the target communities.

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The basic considerations for drafting an IPDP are to:

 Ensure that the indigenous peoples draw down the benefits of the projects promoted by ProInversion and that the projects are culturally appropriate;  Avoid having native communities affected by the potentially adverse effects occasioned by the construction involved in rehabilitation works, or improvement in the projects for which concessions are granted.

1.3 PROINVERSION PROJECT PORTFOLIO

As a strategy to reduce poverty and social inequalities, the Government of Peru has proposed huge investments to rehabilitate and upgrade the country's infrastructure, seeking thereby to improve the levels of competitiveness and supply of basic services. Unlike the 1992 to 1998 phase, the second phase of promoting private investment in Peru requires the economic and operational support from the Government in order to be viable.

The total investment required for the portfolio of projects identified is around USD 1.5 billion, most of which require government contributions before they can be financially viable. The infrastructure project portfolio includes highways, airports, ports, water and sanitation, telecommunications, and gas.

Below are some of the projects that are currently being assessed with a view to promoting concession grants:

 Northern Amazonas Axle Highway  Central Amazonas Axle Highway  Southern Amazonas Axle Highway  Regional airports  Water supply systems  Ports  Rural telephony  Gas distribution

2 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF PERU

About 45 percent of the population of Peru are indigenous, some of whom are descendants of the Inca. Another 37 percent are mestizo (mixed race) and about 15 percent are of European descent. The total population count is 23,947,000 with a density of 18.5 inhabitants per square kilometer spread across the country in arguably uneven fashion, as around 50 percent of the population resides in the Sierra (Highlands), 40 percent on the Coast, and 10 percent in the Jungle. 2

Peruvian pre-Columbian heritage is the richest in South America and it mixes with the cultural heritage of the Spaniards, which is reflected in the language, religion, and forms of government. There are diverse cultures living together in Peru (Chavín, Paracas, Mochica, Nazca, Huari, Tiahuanacu, and Chimú)--all of them subsumed under the Inca Empire, which saw its greatest expansion between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries only to disappear with the arrival of the Spaniards.

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There is a total of 7,163 campesino and native communities throughout Peru, broken down into 1,345 native communities recorded on the internal register of the Ministry of Agriculture and 5,818 campesino communities recorded in the agiculture and livestock census of 1994.

Figure No. 1 Total campesino and indigenous communities in Peru

Although Peru had been a multiethnic, multicultural, and multilingual environment since ancient times, a marked hierarchization between peoples local and peoples foreign emerged after the Conquista (the arrival of the Spaniards and their conquest of the Americas) and prevails to this day.

People's way of perceiving and relating to people that are different has thus made of the indigenous peoples an inferior society. The historical discrimination against people that are different has rendered the indigenous people invisible, a situation equivalent to a form of insidious racism that permeates social relations in both the public and private spheres.

Since the 1980s, various indigenous groups have been demanding that they be included in a national plan. Among their demands is recognition of their ancestral territory, territory that assures indigenous communities of the material base for their cultural reproduction. They also demand recognition of diverse rights, such as the right to self-identification, to their forms of electing their authorities, to self-education, and to their own language.

Until 1975, the only official language in Peru was Spanish--the language spoken by 70 percent of the population-- since the second language, which is Quechua, was not recognized as an official language until 1975. Aymará, the second indigenous language is spoken in communities in the south of Peru and in Bolivia. Indigenous communities in the Amazon have up to 51 languages unique to them.

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Table 1 below shows the total number of departments with indigenous or native populations.

Table 1 Native Communities in Peru by Department

Department Number of native communities Amazonas 169 Ayacucho 1 Cajamarca 2 Cuzco 53 Huanuco 9 Junín 174 Loreto 537 Madrededios 24 Pasco 115 San martín 30 Ucayali 231 TOTAL 1.345

Source: Federation of native communities on the Putumayo border. AIDESEP. Peruvian Interethnic Association for Development of the Jungle

Table 2 contains information on the native communities in Amazonas, disaggregated by number of families and estimated population.

Table 2 - Indigenous Communities of Amazonas

Rio Ethnolinguistic Indigenous/Native No. of Estimated group communities families in No. of Population Inhabitants Yubineto Secoya Bellavista 18 72 Yubineto Secoya San martín de Porras 34 138 Yubineto Secoya Santa Rita 7 37 Algodón Quechua Santa Mercedes 49 196 Algodón Quechua Rocafuerte 8 45 Algodón Quechua Atalaya 5 28 Algodón Secoya Santa Martha 12 64 Algodón Cocama Puerto Aurora 6 42 Algodón Cocama Totolla 15 60 Angusilla Secoya Nashunta 15 60 Angusilla Quechua Puerto San Juan 6 24 Piuri Cocama Curinga 13 55 Peneya Huitoto Santa Teresita 10 40 Tanicaya Quechua Yaricaya 9 37 Putumayo Bora-Ocaina Bethania 22 80 Putumayo Huitoto-Muruy Ere 27 111 Putumayo Huitoto-Ocayna- Esperanza 18 75

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Bora Putumayo Huitoto-Bora La Florida 16 67 Putumayo Huitoto-Ocayna- Remanzo 42 171 Bora Putumayo Ticuna-Cocama- Huanapapa 37 151 Yagua Putumayo Cocama Nuevo Jerusalem 20 80 Putumayo Cocama Primavera 16 67 Putumayo Cocama Punchana 8 32 Putumayo Cocama Tres Esquinas 6 32 Putumayo Cocama Nuevo Progreso 6 41 Putumayo Cocama Buen Jordan 7 38 Putumayo Secoya Nueva Esperanza 18 75 Putumayo Secoya Nuevo Ipiranga 8 33 Putumayo Secoya Siete de Agosto 5 22 Putumayo Orejon Bagazan 10 40 Putumayo Yagua-Bora- Nuevo peró 15 65 Huitoto Putumayo Huitoto Puerto Elvira 10 40 Putumayo Cocama-Bora Pesquería 11 46 Putumayo Yagua Puerto Franco 14 55 Putumayo Huitoto- Siete de Mayo 12 50 Quechua Putumayo Orejon-Cocama Mairidicai 25 130 Putumayo Yagua-Cocama Santa Lucía 10 58 Putumayo Quechua San Martín 23 92 Putumayo Quechua San Juan 9 52 Putumayo Quechua Nuevo Porvenir 8 46 TOTAL 610 2647

Table 3 contains information on the recognized indigenous communities in possession of titles for their land.

Table No. 3 Recognized and titled native indigenous communities in Peru

Indigenous/Native Title deed Date No. of inhabitants who are communities registration titleholders number Agric. Transfer Total Bellavista 01-83- 04/01/83 ------AGRA-XII-L Bethania 122-75- 10/06/75 856.957 -- 856.957 OAE- ORANG-V Ere 120-75- 20/06/75 5´048.500 -- 5´048.500 OAE- ORANG-V

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Esperanza 121-75- 20/06/75 6´609.200 -- 6´609.200 OAE- ORANG-V La Florida 119-75- 20/06/75 1´736.000 4´568.084 6´304.084 OAE- ORANG-V Remanso 123-75- 20/06/75 1´094.930 -- 1´094.930 OAE- ORANG-V San Martín de Porras 036-76- 04/06/76 2´717.982 -- 2´717.982 OAE- ORANG-V Total 18´063.569 4´568.084 22´631.653

Source: Peru Min. of Agriculture, Dir. Agrarian Reform. Lima 1985

Annex 1 contains information on the languages, the communities where they are spoken, and the location of the communities.

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3 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 3.1 LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Although the Peruvian legal system recognizes the multiethnic, multicultural, and multilingual character of the Peruvian nation, historically such recognition is contradictory, because only the 1993 Constitution recognizes explicitly the legal existence of campesino and native communities and confers upon them status as legal entities and autonomy in how they organize themselves.

In Chapter IV of the Constitution of Peru, not only are native and campesino communities guaranteed the right to own land privately and communally or by virtue of any form of association but they are also guaranteed autonomy to use and dispose of their land at their discretion. The right to ownership of land is imprescriptible, except in the case of abandonment.

The 1993 Constitution introduced the concept of respect for the cultural identity of campesino and native communities, and the right of all Peruvians to user their own language before any authority. It promotes bilingual and intercultural education and accepts Aymara and the other aboriginal languages as official languages, in addition to Quechua. The Constitution also confers on the authorities of campesino and native communities the authority to exercise jurisdictional powers within their territorial realm, in accordance with customary law.

One valuable contribution to the legal system was ILO Convention 169 concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries, which was ratified by the State of Peru on December 2, 1993 through Legislative Resolution No. 26253.

The Law on Native Communities envisages the need to provide the time and space required by the indigenous peoples that were not contacted to decide whether they wish to have ongoing contact with national society and if so, when and how.

Below are the salient legal provisions:

 ILO Convention 169 Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries (1989), which was approved through Legislative Resolution No. 26253, on December 2, 1993, and ratified on January 17, 1994; it entered into force on January 2, 1995, in accordance with the fourth Final and Transitory Disposition of the Political Constitution of 1993.  1984 Civil Code;  Environmental Code;  General Law on Campesino Communities, Law No. 24656;  Regulations issued under the General Law on Campesino Communities, Supreme Decree No. 008-91-TR;  Law on Native Communities and Development of the Selva and Ceja de Selva Regions, Decree Law No. 22175;  Regulations issued under the Law on Native Communities and Development of the Selva and Ceja de Selva Regions, Decree Law No. 22175;  Law for the Protection of the Knowledge of Indigenous Peoples and Communities, Law No. 28216;

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 Law for the Conservation and Enhancement of Biological Diversity, Law No. 26839;  Transfers the functions and activities comprised in Decree Law No. 22175, Law on Native Communities and Agrarian Development of the Regions of Selva and Ceja de Selva to the Regional and Sub-Regional Agricultural Directorates of Peru, Decree Law No. 25891;  Specifies the operational framework for the regional agrarian authorities regarding the steps and procedures involved in titling and marking the boundaries of campesino and native communities, Supreme Decree No. 02-94- AG;  Law on Private Investment in the Development of Economic Activities in Lands of the National Territory, of the Communities, and Native Lands Law Nº 26505;  Approve [sic]] the Regulations under Law No. 26505, Supreme Decree N° 011- 97-AG;  Approves the Regulations issued under Art. 7 of Law No. 26505 Concerning Easements on Lands for the Pursuit of Mining or Hydrocarbons-related Activities, Supreme Decree No.017-966-AG;  Empower the Ministry of Agriculture to award rural lands to natural persons and communities located in areas where there are displaced communities; Legislative Decree No. 838;  Supreme Decree No. 018-96-AG approves the Regulations issued under Legislative Decree No. 838;  Law for the Promotion of Investment in the Amazon Region, Law No. 27037;  Organizational Law for the Sustainable Utilization of Natural Resources, Law No. 25821;  Approves the Regulations for the Organization and Functions of the Special Land-Titling and Rural Land Registry Project (PETT), Supreme Decree No. 002-200-AG;  Designates CONAPA as Representative of the Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation, Supreme Decree No. 028-2003-AG;  Charges CONAPA with implementing the 2003-2006 Development Plan for the Native Communities of Ashaninka and Machiguenga, Supreme Decree No. 092-2003-PCM;  Law for the Promotion of the Education of Young and Adolescent Rural Girls Law No. 27558;  Regional Elections Law, Law No. 27683 (Article 12);  Law for the Recognition, Preservation, Promotion and Dissemination of Aboriginal Languages, Law No. 28106;  Declare the delimitation and titling of the territory in campesino communities a national need and in the public interest, Law No. 24657;  Law for the Titling of Lands of the Campesino Communities of the Coast, Law No. 26845.

3.2 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

The institution responsible for managing indigenous affairs is CONAPA, created by Supreme Decree No. 111-2001-PCM, of October 2001 for the purpose of approving, programming,

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promoting, coordinating, leading, supervising, and evaluating policies, programs and projects for its member communities, except as provided in loan agreements with international financial entities, in accordance with the rules and principles set forth in international agreements.

CONAPA is a commission registered with the Office of the President of the Council of Ministers, the PCM, and is financially and administratively dependent on the PCM. The scope of CONAPA's activity is national. CONAPA receives professional support from Andean, Amazonian, and Afro- Peruvian specialists.

Given the need for both native communities and the rest of Afro-Peruvians to have a public organization that is decentralized as well as economically, administratively, and financially autonomous, the Government tabled a draft law in Congress to establish the National Institute for the Development of Andean, Amazonian and Afro-Peruvian peoples - IINDEPA, an institution that does not yet have bye-laws or a budget, owing to its recent creation.

As far as the avenues and modalities for participation are concerned, the forums provided by the mechanisms for consultation and coordination of the management of CONAPA are the Mesas de diálogo (a kind of consultative committee).

Lastly, regional governments with large indigenous populations must comprise no less than 15 percent of representatives of the native and indigenous peoples of each region.

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4 CONCPETUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DRAFTING OF AN INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN

When the implementation of a project generates positive or negative effects on the native communities, it is the responsibility of the promoter of the project, ProInversion in this particular instance, to draft and implement an Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP).

4.1 PROINVERSION PROJECT CYCLE

When ProInversion puts a project up for private investment, a four-phase cycle is set in motion within that institution, beginning with a process of identification and ending in the awarding of the contract. At that point the project is turned over to the ministry on whose behalf the project is being undertaken for monitoring and oversight of the contract, whereupon any responsibility on the part of ProInversion ceases.

4.1.1 First Phase: Identification

During the first phase of the project cycle, or the identification phase, it will be necessary to ascertain the presence of indigenous communities and, if there are any, to document it in the "Project Profile", which is drafted by the Executive Director for approval and incorporation of the project.

4.1.2 Second Phase: Assessment

Once the project is approved for inclusion in the project portfolio, the coordinator assigned for the purpose, draws up the Work Plan (WP) and if there is evidence of the existence of indigenous communities, schedules a field visit. The results of the visit will be set out in the format suggested for the Preliminary Environmental Assessment Report and sent to the World Bank for review and compliance verification.

If the presence of native communities is confirmed, an Indigenous Peoples Development Plan will be included in the studies carried out by ProInverion. The design of the IPDP will be contracted out to a specialized agency, an NGO, or a public or private institution and financed by ProInversion.

The IPDP agreed upon with the native communities affected will be presented for the approval of the World Bank.

4.1.3 Third Phase: Approval and Award

Once the studies have been finalized and the Promotion Plan (PP) approved, ProInversion proceeds accordingly to call for bids and eventually make the awards.

The agreements and commitments that are part of the IPDP will be included in the contract signed by the Ministry commissioning the project and the contract awardee.

4.1.4 Fourth Phase: Follow-up and Monitoring

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During this phase, the project reverts to the ministry commissioning the project. Responsibility for the implementation of the IPDP falls to the contract awardee, in accordance with the terms of the contract signed between the parties. The sectoral environmental authority and the relevant Regulatory Agency assume responsibility for follow-up and monitoring during implementation of the IPDP.

4.2 PREPARATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

The Action Plan for Indigenous Peoples seeks to: i) promote impartial participation of the groups located within the area directly influenced by the project, ii) to respect their special socioeconomic and cultural characteristics, and iii) contribute to reducing the underlying causes of their social exclusion.

ProInversion, which acts as the Promoter of the projects, assumes responsibility for drafting the Indigenous Peoples Development Plans required for projects where the presence of native communities has been detected, whether the communities stand to gain or lose as a result of the project.

4.3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREPARATION PROCESS

When the presence of native communities is detected in projects led by ProInversion, ProInversion contracts with a specialist firm for the drafting of the IPDP. For this reason its organizational structure will provide for the human, material, and financial resources necessary for drafting of the IPDP, as well as a specialist in social issues, who will be part of DASAC.

4.3.1 Content of the IPDP

Below are the elements that the IPDP must contain

A. Legal Framework

Any analysis of the relevant legal framework must include an analysis of the legal status and the ability of the indigenous groups involved in the project to use the legal system, their ability to defend their rights, their existing rights to use their land and make money from it, and their ability to access the resources vital to their livelihood.

B. Baseline Information

The executing agency of the IPDP must gather the following information with a view to being able to prepare an assessment of the conditions in which the indigenous peoples that will be affected by or benefit from the project live.

 Aerial maps and photographs of the area of influence  Social and economic organization  Sources of income  Inventories and location of the resources on which their livelihood is based  Technical data on the production systems

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 Relations with other local and national groups

C. Real estate holding

This should include an analysis of the situation with respect to possession of the land. The aim must be to establish legal recognition of the customary or traditional forms of real estate holdings of the indigenous populations involved in the projects.

D. Strategy for local participation

Those mechanisms for participation and decision-making that are unique to the indigenous peoples included in the project must be respected. When indigenous peoples have their own representative organizations, they should be used for finding out what the local preferences are.

E. Identification of development or mititgation activities

The technical proposals must be the result of field research conducted by qualified professionals. For projects financed by or guaranteed by the World Bank, the professionals must be subject to the Bank's no-objection.

Plans that build on indigenous knowledge are most likely to succeed.

F. Institutional capacity

An assessment of track records of institutional capacities and needs is becoming an essential requirement for determining who will be put in charge of the programs and in order to propose institutional strengthening programs.

G. Implementation schedule

It is suggested that the implementation plan include a pilot plan that would yield information that can be used for planning the following phases of the project and any adjustments that may prove necessary.

H. Control and evaluation

The IPDP should establish monitoring procedures that can be used to observe and ajdusting proposals, while they are being monitored.

Suggesing monitoring mechanisms spearheaded by the indigenous organizations themselves is an effective means of getting to know the views by which the indigenous groups are guided and make those organizations the target of the programs.

I. Budget and financing plan

In the event the project is executed over more than one fiscal year, the estimates of the cost of the program must be spread over the time foreseen for execution.

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The budgets must include accounting procedures, mechanisms for financial transfers and reimbursements.

4.4 PROCEDURES FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE DESIGN OF THE IPDP

Once the IPDP has been finalized and agreed upon with the native communities present in the project area, the Plan will be presented for the approval of the relevant environmental authority and subsequently submitted for a no-objection from the World Bank.

5 PROCESS FOR CONSULTATION WITH INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

Any consultation process must include full disclosure, through the representative institutions in their languages and with respect for the social values and practices that are unique to them.

When ratifying ILO Convention 169 concerning indigenous and tribal peoples, under which obligations were established for consultation with, and the participation of, indigenous peoples in matters affecting them, the Peruvian Government undertook to establish rules for prior consultation--an undertaking it is yet to carry out.

With the intention of establishing a systematic policy for dialogue and information disclosure during the assessment, approval, and monitoring phases, ProInversion approved the proposal for dialogue and communications set out in detail in the Social and Environmental Conceptual Framework document, the aim of which is to modify the institutional policy and strategy concerning relations with indigenous peoples or their representatives.

5.1 PRIOR CONSULTATION

ProInversion's first step after confirmation is received of the presence of indigenous peoples who will be affected or harmed by the project is to prepare a communications plan, the aim of which is to inform the native communities of the characteristics of the project under study.

The levels of communication used are:

 State: This is made up of the regional governments and, in the case of some provinces and districts, the municipal governments.  Civil society: This is made up of communal authorities, and the various workers, institutional, or social organizations.

In order to prepare for and carry out consultations, ProInversion contracts with experts versed in the issues to prepare, convene, and actually conduct the consultations.

The specialists must translate the documents into the language spoken by the majority of those affected or of the beneficiaries, and schedule meetings on dates that do not conflict with farming, family, or religious activities. The invitations must be extended such that the native communities are given enough time to conduct any internal consultations they may require.

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The information documents must be translated into a language understood by the majority and placed in a location easily accessible to all and written in language that can be understood by the communities involved. On the day the consultations are convened, ProInversion must have a translator, and must also use comprehensible and educational methods of explaining the issues.

There will be no fewer than two meetings for purposes of disclosing information prior to the start of the contract for the drafting of the IPDP. The first meeting is to inform them of the decision to undertake the project and the second is to announce to them the results of the environmental impact study and to hear their expectations.

While the IPDP is being executed, the professionals involved in the exercise must maintain ongoing contact with the inhabitants of the communes (comuneros) so as to ensure that the proposals in the Plan are debated within the communities.

It is suggested that the first step in the process of dialogue should be a presentation of the project in the negotiating committees established expressly for that purpose, and thereafter, depending on the findings of the committee, the experts will decide on the strategies to follow.

6 IMPLEMENATION OF THE IPDP

In keeping with the ProInversion project cycle, implementation of the IPDP will take place after the awarding of the contract and the signing of the concession contract. Responsibility for execution of the IPDP will be assumed by the concessionaire and the financing budget, which is included in the budget for the project for which the contract is being awarded.

The task of overseeing compliance with the contractual clause regarding the IPDP is entrusted to the relevant regulatory agency. The regulatory agency undertakes to submit periodic implementation reports to the Ministry commissioning the project, to the relevant environmental authority, and to the World Bank.

7 BUDGET

The budget for implementation of the IPDP must be commensurate with the impacts and magnitude of the project for which financial guarantee from the World Bank is being requested.

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Table 4-Amazonian languages

FAMILIES LANGUAGES LOCATION SPEAKERS

Aragua Culina Río alto Purús 400 Arahuaca Campa Ríos Ucayali, Apurucayal, 20000 Asheninca Chilis y Perené Campa caquinte Ríos Poyeni y Aguani 300 Chanicuro Ría Huallagas entre Yarimaguas y Laguna 20 Iñapari Río Piedras cerca de Puerto Maldonado 4 Machiguenga Ríos Alto y Bajo Urabamba, Manú, afluentes del alto Madre de 13000 Dios, cabeceras del río Colorado. Nomatsiguenga Entre los ríos Ene y Perené (Pangoa, Satipo) 4500 Resigaro Puerto Isango y Brillo Nuevo; Río Yaguasyacú 11 Piro Río Sepahua (Bajo Urubamba), Cushibatay, Pachitea, Alto 2500 Madre de Dios, Diamante, Shintuya Yanesha Selva Central, Río Palcazú 5000 (Amuesha) Bora Bora Río Yaguasyacú, Ampiyacu y Putumayo 2000 Cahuapana Chayahuita Ríos Paranapura, Cahuapana, Sillay, Supayacú y Shamusi 12000 Jebero Entre los ríos Marañón y Huallaga 3000 Harakmbut Harakmbut Río Madre de Dios, Piñi-Piñi, Alto y bajo Madre de Dios 1000 Huitoto Huitoto Río Napo, Ampiyacu y Putumayo 3000 Ocaina Ríos Yaguasyacú, Ampiyacú, Putumayo y Algodón 150 Jíbaro Aguaruna Alto Marañón, Pongo de Rentema (Río Cenepa, chiriyacú, 39000 Nieva y Santiago Achuar-Shiwiar Entre ríos Morona y Tigre 5000 Huambisa Ríos Santiago y Morona 8000 Candoshi Candoshi-Shapra Ríos Morona y Pascaza, Alto Chambira 3000 Pano Amahuaca Ríos Mapuya, Curuija, Sepahua e Inuya 1000 Capanahua Ríos Buncuya y Tapiche 400 Cashibo- Ríos Aguaytia, Zungaruyacu, Pachitea, San Alejandro, 1500 Cacataibo Channintía, entre el Ucayali y la cordillera azul Cashinahua Ríos Curanja y Purús 1000 Matsés-Mayoruna Ríos Yavarí y sus triburarios 2500 Shipibo-Conibo Ríos Ucayali, Pisqui, Aguaytia, Lagos Tamayá y Yarina 16000 Yaminahua Ríos Purús, Yurúa y Mapuya 1000 Nahua Río Alto Manú, Alto Mishagua, alto Piedras, Sepahua 670 Sharanahua Río Altos Purús, Chandless y Acre 450 Peba-Yagua Yagua Afluentes del Amazonas, desde Iquitos hasta frontera con Brasil 4000 Simaco Urarina Ríos Chambira, Uriruyacu, Corrientes 3000 Tacana Ese eja Ríos Madre de Dios, Tambopata y afluentes ¿? Ticuna Ticuna Río Amazonas, desde San Pablo (Perú) hasta Tefes (Brasil) 40000 Tucano Orejón Ríos Yanayacu, Sucusari, Putumayo y Algodón 250 Secoya Ríos Santa María, Yubineto, Angusilla, Yaricaya y Cuyabino 600 Tupí-Guaraní Cocama- Ríos Huallaga, Bajo Marañón, Bajo Ucayali, Amazonas y Bajo 15000 cocamilla Nanay Omagua Río bajo Marañón 630 Záparo Iquito Río Alto Nanay 150 Arabela Río Arabela 100

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Table 5 – Aimará and Quechua Languages

Family Language and variety Location Speakers

Aimara Tupino-Jacarú Distrito de Tupe (Yauyos, Lima) 750 Tupino-Cachuy (cauqui) Distrito de Tupe (Yauyos, Lima) 11 Aimara Departamentos de Puno, Moquegua y Tacna 300 000 Quechua Chachapoyas Provincia de Luya y Chachapoyas Pocos Cajamarca Prov. De Cajamarca y Bambamarca 10 000 Ferreñafe (Incahuasi- Cañaris, Incahuasi, Salas Lambayeque; Miracosta, 24 000 cañaris) Querocotillo (Cajamarca) Quechua Central Callejón de Conchucos (Ancash) 500 000 Conchucos Callejón de huailas Callejón de Huailas (Ancash) 350 000 Alto Pativilca Prov. De Bolognesi (Ancash) ¿? Yarú Prov. Cajatambo, Chancay, Yauyos, Junín, Yaulí y 380 000 Tarma Huanca Valle del Mantaro (Prov. De Jauja, Concepción y 35000 Huancayo) Quechua Norteño Valle del río Cañete ¿? Yauyos Pacaraos Prov, de Huaral (Lima) 100 Quechua Sureño: Dpto. Huancavelica, Ayacucho y parte occidental de 900 000 Apurimac Ayacucho (Chanca) Dpto. de Cuzco y parte de Apurimac, Arequipa y Puno 1´400 Cuzco-Collao 000 Quechua Quechua de la Selva: Q. del Napo Distritos de Napo Torres Causana 8 000 Q. del Pastaza Ríos Pastaza, Huasaga, Lago Anatico (Dpto. de Loreto) 1 500 Q. de San Martín Prov. De Lamas, El Dorado, Río Huallaga, Río Ucayali 15 000 (Lamas) (San Martín) Q. Santarrosino Distrito de napo 450 Q. del Tigre Ríos Tigre Curaray y Arabela 1 500

Guía de elaboración de PDPI Febrero 25 de 2005 20