The Cambridge Companion to Roman Satire Edited by Kirk Freudenburg Index More Information

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Cambridge University Press 0521006279 - The Cambridge Companion to Roman Satire Edited by Kirk Freudenburg Index More information

INDEX

Accius, Lucius 43, 209 Aristotle Achilles 134 the golden mean in 150, 151 aemulatio 23 on Greek literary history 208–9 Aeneas 135, 136 on humor (see also humor, rhetorical Aesop (see also fables) 14, 55, 114 theories of) 8n afterlife (see under Menippean satire, Arria 76 afterlife in) ass’s ears (see also Midas) 66 Agamemnon (Petronian character) 167 Ateius, curse of 194, 195 Agathon 219 auctor (see also authority) 102–8 Agricola 147 Auden, W. H. 299 Agrippina 172 audience (see under satire, audience of) Alamanni, Luigi 247 Augustus 11, 51, 102, 103–6, 115, 123, Alan of Lille 113 134–6, 140, 312 Alberti, Leon Battista 119n and Augustan Period in England 261, 274 Albrecht, Michael von 148 and political lampoon 201 Albucius (Titus Albucius) 46, 146 Res Gestae of 104 Alcibiades 63, 187 in satire 142 Alexander the Great 86, 115 authority in, and of, Roman letters 95, 110 Alice in Wonderland 115, 302 autobiography in satire (see also persona) Ambrogius 62 54–5 American humor 18 Automedon 123 American Pie 19 Anderson, William S. 270–1 Bakhtin, Mikhail (see also carnival) anger political theory of 169 in satire 24 Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics of 303 anthropology of satire 26, 300 satiric theory of 23, 27, 162, 165, 204, Anticyra 75 225–6, 303–8, 318 Antiochus of Ascalon 153 Balatro, Servilius (“buffoon”) 61 Antony (Marcus Antonius) 51 Barchiesi, Alessandro 312 Apocolocyntosis (see under Seneca) Barr, William 136 Apollo 100, 128, 133, 141, 185 Barth, John 303 Appius Claudius 104 Bassus, Caesius 63, 68, 72, 156 Apuleius 35, 302, 317 Bathyllus 235 Archestratus 14, 124, 143 Beneventum 132 Archilochus 14, 35, 36, 37, 79, 211, 300 Benjamin, Walter 290 Ariosto, Ludovico 247 Bernardus Silvestris 112 Aristophanes 1, 13, 34, 64, 68, 192 Bernstein, Michael Andre´ 306–8 Thesmophoriazusai of 219 Bion of Borysthenes 55, 150

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bishops’ ban of 1599 253–4 Cercidas 36 biting, as satiric symbol (see under teeth, and charivari 199–200, 203 dogs) Charles II 261–2, 268 Bodel, John 171 and political lampoon 270, 272–3 body, the (see also under satire, the body in) Chaucer, Geoffrey 22, 247 as symbolic system 208–10, 229 Choliambs (see under Hipponax, and Boethius (Anicius Manlius Severinus) 20, 21 Persius) Consolation of Philosophy of 109, 112–13, Cicero (Marcus Tullius Cicero) 40, 183, 193 116–18, 120–1 on free speech 197–9 Boileau, Nicolas 293 and Greek philosophy 123 Bolingbroke 281 Paradoxa Stoicorum of 149, 156 Bond, John 256 In Pisonem of 182n Bramble, John 138 in Seneca’s Apocolocyntosis 104 Brathwaite, Richard 254 on Stoic oratory 73n, 73–4 Braund, S. 186 Tusculan Disputations of 149 Breton, Nicholas 254 cities breuitas 73 as setting of satire 36–7, 83 British humor (see also satire, in Britain) 18 Chrysippus 13, 69–70, 155 Brundisium (Brindisi) 54, 132 Claudian 201 Brutus (Marcus Iunius Brutus) 56, 134–5 Claudius 76, 85, 95, 110–11, 119, 124, 126, Burroughs, William 306 141 Burton, Robert 302 Cleanthes 155, 156 Butler, Samuel 301 Clitomachus 148 Clodia 199 Caddyshack 19 Clodius 198–9, 274 Caecilius 45 Coffey, Michael 37, 167 Caecina Paetus 76 comedy Caesar, Julius 56, 115 Greek New Comedy (see also Menander) Callimachus Greek Old Comedy (see also Aristophanes, aesthetic principles of 51, 59, 266–7 Eupolis, Cratinus) 1, 3–4, 6, 10, 13, 35, Iambi of 13, 17, 36, 37, 63, 78 64, 192, 212–13, 300 Juvenal’s rejection of 81, 82 Roman New Comedy (see also Caecilius, Calliope 118, 142 Plautus, Terence) 37, 160 Callirhoe 69 themes of, in satire 44–6, 56 Campania 161 compositio (composition/word arrangement) Canidia 56, 186, 217 53–5, 60 cannibalism 85 concentrate (see under decoctius) canon (see under satire, canon of) Connors, Catherine 165–6, 172, 310, 314 Canusium 133 Constantine 115 capriﬁcus 217–18 Conte, Gian Biagio 166 Carneades 43, 141 conversation (see also sermo) 40, 63 carnival 89–91, 168, 225, 304–6 conviva (see dinner guest) Casaubon, Isaac 273 convivium 58, 58n, 171, 181 Catius 59, 216 convicium facere 194, 200 Cato the Censor (Marcus Porcius Cato) 55, Cook, Elizabeth 297–8 73, 127, 153, 195 cooking and cookery (see under satire, Catullus (Gaius Valerius Catullus) 17, cooking and food in) 196 Corbett, Philip 183 on Caesar 198 Cordus 89–90 wedding hymn of 201–2 Cornelia 231 Caudium 132 Cornutus, Annaeus 68, 69, 72, 74, 76, 76n, censor and censorship (see also satire, 136, 156–7, 208–9 political attack in) 10, 50, 215 Corydon 90, 187

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Council of the Gods, as satiric theme 112, ditch, metaphor of (see under scrobis) 127, 140 dogs (see also cynics) Courtney, Edward 157, 169 as symbols of poetic aggression 38, 275 Cowley, Abraham 288–9 Domitian 83, 87–9, 124, 142–4, 147, 157, Crassus (Lucius Licinius Crassus) 47, 194, 245 195 Donne, John 254, 257–9, 277 Cratinus 1, 13, 64, 68, 192 Drant, Thomas 22 Crispinus (Horatian villain) 54–5, 69, 150, Drayton, Michael 264 155 Dryden, John 11, 23, 25–6, 261 in Jonson’s Poetaster 255, 256 Absalom and Achitophel of 273, 275–6 Crispinus (Juvenalian villain) 87, 88–9, 142 Discourse of 261, 273–6, 287 Cronus 115 on Horace 274–6 Cucchiarelli, Andrea 132, 311, 312, 313 on Juvenal 82n, 93, 274–5, 287, 292–3 Cumae 139 Mac Flecknoe of 261, 273, 295n cursing (see also Ateius, curse of) 193–4 on Persius 274 cynics and cynicism in satire (see also Varronian satires of 277 diatribe, Diogenes, and popular moral philosophy) 55, 110, 120 Eden, P. T. 142 Egypt 138 Dacier 273 Einhorn, Ira 306–7 dactylic hexameter 39, 41, 63–4, 81, 123 elegy 160 Damasippus 58, 59, 60, 70–1, 154, 216 Eliot, T. S. 290, 297, 299 Dante Alighieri 247, 293, 297 Elizabethan period (see also satire, in Britain) Davus 60, 154, 205 decoctius (see also Persius, style of) 68–9, epistolary satire in 247–8 71–5, 81, 158 Horace in 250–1, 254–6, 257–9 Defoe, Daniel 270, 272–3 Juvenal in 250–1 defricationes 210n libel laws in 251–2 deification 127 and literary obscurity 251 Dekker, Thomas 255, 256 Martial in 252, 256 Demetrius (Horatian villain) 255 Persius in 250–1 Democritus 158 plagiarism in 252–3, 257–8 desire Roman verse satire in 243–59 and homoerotic discourse 232–3, 235 Elliott, R. C. 26–8, 188, 192 sublimation of 233–4 emperors in satire (see also Augustus, devotiones 193–4 Claudius, etc.) 114 dialogue personified, as satiric character 112 Encolpius 160, 161–2, 167–8 diatribe 6, 49, 51, 54, 54n, 63, 72, 149–50, moral voice of 163–4 156 endings (interrupted) of satiric poems 57, Dickens, Charles 285 60–1 didactic poetry 39–40 Ennius (Quintus Ennius) 209 Diespiter 102–3, 142 Annales of 39, 125–7, 131, 136–7, 140n, dinner guest, as satiric figure (see also satire, 314 cooking and food in) 24–5, 51 dream of 137 dinner party theme (see also convivium and Hedyphagetica of 39, 124–5 symposium) 285 Saturae of 3n, 2–6, 33–40, 310–11 Diogenes the Cynic 55, 120 Ennodius 112 Diomedes (grammarian) 3–4, 35 envy 53, 212 Diomedes (Trojan War hero) 133, 139 epic (see also Juvenal, epic in) 5, 39, 86, 90–1 Dionysius of Halicarnassus 189 allusions to and parody of, in satire Dionysus 21, 115 123–44, 160, 208, 209–10 dirae 193–4 Epicurus and Epicureanism (see also Horace, disease 89–91, 207 Epicureanism of) 10, 51, 154, 209

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Eppia 236 gigolo (see under Naevolus) Er, myth of 115 Gilliam, Terry 304 Erasmus 20, 302 Giton 161–2 Etruria 179–80 gladiators 229, 236 Eumolpus 161–2, 167–8, 170–1 globalization 5–7, 83 Eupolis 1, 13, 35, 64, 68, 192 gods (see also Hermes, Mithras, etc.) Evans-Pritchard, E. 193 divine vision of 116–18 evolutionism and cultural analysis 192 in satire 114–16, 120n, 140–4 eye, the (see also lippitudo) Gold, Barbara 224 perverse focus of 234–5, 237–8 Gowers, Emily 312 as satiric instrument 207, 210, 214, Graf, Fritz 309, 318 215 Granius, Quintus 47 Graves, Robert 106–8 fables 37–8 Greek culture in Roman satire (see also fantasy (see under Menippean satire, foreigners, philhellenism) 129 fantasy in) Griffin, Dustin 181 farce 8 grotesque, the (see also Bakhtin) 225 Farnaby, Thomas 254 Guilpin, Everard 249, 251, 253, 257 farrago 85, 96, 299 Gunderson, Erik 310, 314, 318 Fas 65, 76 Gunn, Thom 284–5 Fassbinder, Rainer Werner 306 Feast of Fools 304 Habinek, Thomas 318 feast, satiric figure of (see also convivium and Hall, Joseph 22, 250–3, 277 dinner guest) 30, 60–1, 83–5, 171 Lollio character in 252–3 Fellini, Federico 18, 299, 306 Virgidemiae of 252–3 Fescennine verses 17, 200–2 Helicon 266, 267–8 Festus 196 Hellenistic poetry 36 fever, speech of 99–101 Hellenization of Rome (see also fish 87–9, 124–5, 142–4 philhellenism) 203–4 flagitare 194 Henderson, John 20, 29, 181 food (see under satire, cooking and food in) Hercules 96–100, 115, 119 foreigners (see under xenophobia) Hermes 114, 115–16, 119 Fortuna personified 157, 172 Herodas 36 Frazer, James 192–3 hexameters (see under dactylic hexameter) free speech in Rome 48–9, 64–9, 75–7, 211, Highet, Gilbert 16, 163, 224 213 Hippocrene 75 Freud, Sigmund 238–40 Hipponax 13, 63, 209, 211 Freudenburg, Kirk 181 historiography 160 friendship (see also Maecenas, and satire, Histriones 180–1, 182 status and social standing in) Hodgart, Matthew 300–1 as satiric theme 39–40 Holiday, Barton 275 of satirists to patrons 59 Homer (see also Odysseus) 33, 90–1, Frye, Northrop 26–7, 301–3, 307 96–101, 104, 209 Fulgentius 112, 118, 120 Iliad of 135 Fulvius Nobilior 42, 125 homosexuals and homosexuality in satire Fundanius 61, 171 157, 186–7, 229–30 funerals 202 Hooley, Dan 315 Fuscus (Aristius Fuscus) 53 Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus, see also Persius, imitations of Horace in) genre Ars Poetica of 311 ancient theories of 33–4 audience of 151 Gerard, Rene´ 192–3 and Augustus 184, 311–12 Gerolamus 62 autobiography in 129n

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Horace (cont.) iunctura (see also compositio) 78 bodily rhetoric and physical characteristics iussi 127 of 209, 210, 211–16 in Britain 22, 243–59, 261–83 Janus 102–3, 142 civility and irony (political restraint) of Jerome 21 50–2, 81, 85, 93, 212, 270–1, 312 Johnson, Samuel epic allusions and epic parody in 123, anti-Whig politics of 280–1 131–6 on Dryden 261, 269, 292 Epicureanism of 51, 148, 153 on Horace 261 Epistles of 38, 71, 288, 311 on Juvenal 261 Epodes of 63, 212, 217–18, 220 London of 280–3 father of 54n, 123 on Pope 290 friendships of (see also Maecenas) 123, as satirist 302 131, 151, 215 Vanity of Human Wishes of 280, the golden mean in 150, 153, 247 292–3 Juvenal’s allusions to 89 Johnson, W. R. 238 on Lucilius 41–2, 48, 49, 53–5, 57, 68–9, Jonson, Benjamin 22, 23, 254–6, 286 129–30, 205, 211, 212–15, 243–4, 263, Dryden on 266, 267–8 300, 310 Horatian imitations of 254–6, 263–4, Odes of 211 289 persona of 270–1 Poetaster of 255–6, 289 Sabine farm of 57, 58 Sejanus of 291 Sermones of 1–2, 7–12, 14, 15, 22, 35, in Thom Gunn 286 48–61: book 1 49–57; book 2 57–61, Volpone of 291 164 Joyce, James 299 on Stoics and Stoicism 69–71, 75, judgment, in satire 24–5 148–9 Julia (Domitian’s niece) 229 in twentieth century 299 Julian “the Apostate” (Flavius Claudius Housman, A. E. 302 Iulianus) 20, 21, 109, 112 humor The Caesars of 113, 114–16, 119–20 modern theories of 238 Jupiter 235 rhetorical theories of 8n Juvenal (Decimus Iunius Iuvenalis) 5, 15, Huxley, Aldous 301 14–16, 22, 124 bodily rhetoric and physical characteristics iambic poetry (see also Archilochus, of 219–22 Hipponax, Callimachus, etc.) 6, 13, 17, on decline of Rome 244 34–5, 63 in Elizabethan England 22, 248–51 metrical schemes of 36 epic and mock epic in 81, 84, 90–1, 123, as ritual abuse (ﬂagitium) 196 130, 138–40, 142–4, 220–1 iambizein 34–5 exaggeration and distortions of perspective identity in 85–9 in Roman culture 129 foreigners in 83, 86, 92, 191 satire’s performance of 4–7, 181–2 on Horace 219, 222, 244–5, 288 imitation (see under satire, allusion in) indignation and anger in 82, 91, 220 Imprecationes 193–4 irony in 91 indignatio (see also under Juvenal, on Lucilius 91–2, 129–31, 220 indignation and anger in) 105 on male identity 185–7, 229–30 Ingenioso 248 misogyny in (Sat.6) 230–1, 231n, 235–6, Innes, Michael 280 314 inuidia (see under envy) persona of 82, 157–8 Iolaus fragment 164 philosophy and philosophers in 148, irony (see also Horace, civility and irony of) 157–8, 227 11, 91 rhetorical training of 157–8

346

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Satires of 81–93, 313–15 Lucilius (Gaius Lucilius, see also Horace, on style of 81, 82 Lucilius, Persius, on Lucilius) in twentieth century 299 audience of 150, 151, 211 background and social standing of 147, Kant, Immanuel 294–5, 315 204, 213–14 Karlsruhe vase, the 191 bodily rhetoric and physical characteristics kataskopos 118 of 207, 210–11 Katzenmusik 199–200 book-divisions of 141 Kennedy, Duncan 315 epic allusions and epic parody in 123, 126, Kenney, E. J. 291 127–31 Kernan, Alvin 27–8, 249–50, 252, gods in 140–41 254 as inuentor 64, 211, 212, 245, 268 Kirk, Eugene P. 164, 167 Iter Siculum of 213–14 komoidein 34–5 literary discussion and theorizing in 152 komos 197, 200 philosophical learning in 146, 151–2 Satires of 5, 1–6, 12, 14, 15–16, 20, 33, Labeo, Attius 137–8 34–47, 63, 311 Lacan, Jacques 239n scurrae in 184–5 Lactantius 128 Virtus theme in 150, 152 Laelius, Gaius 58, 214 Lucretius (Titus Lucretius Carus) 13, 149 lanx satura 14 ludiones 179, 182, 191 Laronia 92, 186, 188, 229 ludus see play Lateranus 84 Lupus (Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Lupus) 43, Lawrence, D. H. 188 46, 127–9, 132, 141, 216 Levin, Harry 308 Lusus Troiae 189 Lewis, Jerry 18 Lycaon 141 libellus 52 Lyotard, Jean-Franc¸ois 235 libertas (see also free speech in Rome) 13, 63, 75–7, 129, 134, 179 Macrinus 62 libido (see under desire) Macrobius 205 libraries, in Rome 24 Maecenas (Gaius Maecenas) lippitudo 214, 218 in British satire 258–9, 289 liver, the 211, 218 in Roman satire 11–12, 48, 49–53, 55–6, Livius Andronicus 180 57, 59, 61, 64, 123, 132, 133–4, 214, Livy (Titus Livius, see under satire, Livy’s 244–5 history of) Manius Curius Dentatus 127 Lodge, David 18, 302 Manson, Charles 306–7 Lodge, Thomas 248 Marcus Aurelius 115 London (see also satire, in Britain), the City Mars 128 of Marston, John 249–50, 251–2, 277 in Elizabethan satire 16, 22–3, 248, 251 in Jonson’s Poetaster 255, 256 Lord Hervey 277, 293–4 Scourge of Villainy of 251 Lucan 72 Marsyas (see also satyrs) 185–6 Lucian 20, 109–12 Martial (Marcus Valerius Martialis) Bis Accusatus of 112 Apophoreta of 205 in Britain 248 Epigrams of 16–17, 68, 163, 286 Convivium of 171 Martianus Capella 112, 113, 114, 118, Deorum Concilium of 112 120 Icaromenippus of 110 Martindale, Charles 309, 315 Jupiter Tragoedus of 112 Marvell, Andrew 272 Menippus in 109–12, 118, 119 Marx, Friedrich 152 Necyomantia of 110, 114 Mason, H. A. 291 as satirist 114, 302 Maupin, Armistead 157

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Mayer, Roland 313 Mucius (Quintus Mucius Scaevola) 46, 127, Medea 84 216 medicine (see also decoctius and physicians) mud, symbolism of 54, 213, 266–7 satire as 81, 155 Muecke, Frances 311–12 medieval satire 246–7 mules in satire 53n Menander (see also Comedy, Greek New Mulgrave, John Shefﬁeld, duke of 263, Comedy) 14, 209 270 Mencken, H. L. 18, 18n, 302 Mummius, Spurius 73 Menippean satire (see also Lucian, Muse personiﬁed, as satiric character 113 Menippus, Varro, Seneca, etc.) 20, 95 afterlife in 115–16 Naevolus 90, 185–7, 188 Cynic principles in 110, 114 nails (slashing, biting, etc.), satiric symbolism fantasy in 109, 114, 118, 119 of 52, 85 history of 109–14, 212–13, 316–17 Nashe, Thomas 22, 248 in late antiquity 113–14, 119–21 Nasidienus 61, 171, 216 modern theories of 301n, 301–3 National Enquirer, The 89 pride in 120–1 neoterics and neotericism 62 Renaissance versions of 112, 119, 246–7 Nero 12–13, 17, 76n, 75–7, 124, 136, 142, scholars and academic language in 111n, 146, 148, 172, 312–13 120 and theater 169 underworld journeys in 119 New Critical approaches to satire 26–8 Menippus (see also Lucian, Menippus in and Nomentanus 184 Menippean satire) 14, 20, 109, 119, nose, the 142, 171 as satiric instrument 215, 215n Cynic philosophy of 153 nota and notare 52 Messala Corvinus 105, 105n novel, the 162, 317 Messalina 107 and New Comedy 162 Messius Cicirrus 132 Metellus (Gaius Metellus Caprarius) 43 O’Brien, Flann 303–5 Meter (see under dactylic hexameter, iambic obscenity 37, 149 poetry, polymetry, and satire, occentare 194 meters of) Octavian (see under Augustus) of drama 41 Odysseus 90–1, 97, 119, 132–3, 135, 138, mice in satire 60, 123, 288–9 161 Midas 66–7, 76n, 76–9 Ofellus 59, 154, 216 Middleton, Thomas 249 O’Gorman, Ellen 316 Milesian tale 160 Oldham, John 277 Milton, John 296 Oliensis, Ellen 135 mime 8, 13, 17 Olson, S. Douglas 124 mimiambs (see under Herodas) onomatopoeia 75 mimickry, ritual performance of 182, 187 Orestes 71, 89 mirrors Orpheus 119 in satire 92, 116 Orwell, George 302, 304 symbolism of 207 Otho 92 Mithras and Mithraism 114, 116, 120 Ovid 128 mock epic Metamorphoses of 141, 142, 185 in Juvenal 84, 90–1 Momus 112, 119, 119n Pacuvius (Marcus Pacuvius) 1, 3n, 3–4, Monmouth 276 35 Montaigne, Michel de 246 Panaetius 43, 148 Montanus 83, 88, 143 Pantolabus 184 More, Sir Thomas 20 parasites 8, 37 mos maiorum 148–9 Parnassus 250–1

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parody (see under satire, parody in) Philitas of Cos 209, 210 pasquil 254 Philodemus 154 patronage (see also friendship, and philosophers as satiric characters 111–14 Maecenas) philosophy (see also Aristotle, Plato, etc.) in Rome 59 history of, in Rome 147 Pegasus 75 in satire 6, 24, 43–4, 146–58 performance (see under satire, performative physician, the satirist as 9, 207, 210, 219, aspects of) 227 Persius (Aulus Persius Flaccus) Pictor, Fabius 73 audience of 124, 151 Piso 73 bodily rhetoric and physical characteristics Plato (see also Socrates) 8, 14, 18, 120 of 216–19 dialogue form of 24, 58, 59, 63, 90–1, choliambic prologue of 63–4, 74, 149, 114, 165, 303 221–2 Symposium of 171, 187 diction in 75 Plautus 37, 45–6 epic allusions in 123, 136–8, 208–9 Aulularia of 196 eye imagery of 237–8 shaming rituals in 197 imitations of Horace in 62–4, 68, 77, play 9, 34, 60n, 95, 96n 216–19, 313 and dance 178, 188 on Lucilius 46, 64–6, 68, 69, 216–18 ludus (children’s games) 178, 188 on Old Comedy 68–9, 78, 217 ludus (of the Roman Circus) 178, 179–81 in later satire 89 ludus (theatrical) 179–81 satires of 12–14, 15, 22, 62–79, 312–13 Roman concept of 177–9 Stoic philosophy in 62–5, 69–79, 155n, satire as 177n, 177–91 155–7 sex as 178, 188 style of 71–5, 85 Plutarch 127–9, 194 persona poeta 38 and authority 228 political aggression (see satire, political as satiric device 27–30, 61, 82, 224 attack in) perversion, sexual Pollio, Asinius 201 as satiric theme 232 Polydamas 137–8 Petronius (Petronius Arbiter) polymetry of early satire 63, 78 Bellum Civile in 165, 167, 168, 170 Pompey the Great 134 Cena Trimalchionis in 160, 161, 167, Ponticus 93 171–2 Pope, Alexander 254–6 characters in (see under Encolpius, denunciations of George II of 277–80 Eumolpus, etc.) Dunciad of 273, 296–7 and Greek romance 160 Epistle to Burlington of 295–6 and Menippean satire 164–9, 302 Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot 277, 293–4 and mime 160 Fourth Satire of Dr. John Donne of 277 and Nero 167 on Horace 261, 274 Satyricon of 2, 169, 160–9, 173, 317: Horatian imitations of 277–80, 290 fragmentary state of 160; narrative on Juvenal 278 voice in 164; plot of 161–2; political Rape of the Lock 286, 289 content of 168–9; sexual fantasy in 161 on Rochester and Dryden 277n Troiae Halosis in 167, 170 popular moral sermons (see also diatribe) and verse satire 17, 20, 95, 109–10, 113, 45 160, 162–4, 169–72 pornography 163 widow of Ephesus in 168 Porphyrio (Pomponius Porphyrio) 3 witches in 162 Poseidon 135 philhellenism 6, 46 Posidippus 3 Roman hostility towards 146 Powell, Jonathan 147 Philippi 10, 56 Priam 137

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Priapus and Priapea 17, 52, 55, 169, 170 and blame (see also cursing) 192 prosimetry 20, 110, 164, 273, 316 the body in, bodily rhetoric of 9, 9, 56, Puttenham, George 249 78–9, 207–22 Pynchon, Thomas 303 in Britain (see also Elizabethan-period and Pyrrha 123 Restoration satire) 14–15, 16, 20, Pyrrhic dancers 189 22–3 Pythagoras 151 canon of 19 Christian forms of 21 Quintilian (Marcus Fabius Quintilianus) 1n, cooking and food in 13, 39, 47, 58, 59, 85, 1–4, 18, 20, 21, 23, 33, 68, 195, 199, 87–9, 158, 296 235–6, 243, 245 genealogies of 14–19, 316 genre of (see satire, theories of) Rabelais 20, 302 Greek provenience of 2n, 3n, 1–5, 33, Rankins, William 249, 250 34–5, 243 Rawson, Elizabeth 43, 44, 45, 152 Livy’s history of 179–81, 192, 205 realism in satire 211 as marginal genre 208, 212 Reeve, Michael 157 meters of 36–7 Relihan, Joel 95, 164, 167–8 modern receptions and practices of 20, 21, Remmius Palemon 71 299, 310 Renaissance satire 246–7 parody in 44, 95 Restoration and Augustan satire 261–83 performative aspects of 192–3 Horatian emphasis in 284–98 political attack in and socio-politics of 46, Juvenal in 284–98 48–9, 50, 76–7, 91–3, 113 Return from Parnassus (anon.) 248 recipes in, and of 13–14 Rhone river 100 Roman literary history of 4–5, 149 Rimell, Victoria 314 scholars and learning in 43–4 ritual invective as social practice 5, 9, 24–30, 192–205 and rhetoric 193, 203 status and social standing in 8, 10–11, 42, and satire 9, 192–205 76, 92–3 Rochester, John Wilmot, earl of 23, 261 theories of 33–4, 243 Allusion to Horace of 179–80 satis 8, 51, 57, 58 audience of 270, 271 satura on Dryden 263–72, 277 as generic title 2, 35, 49 Horatianism of 270–2, 278–9 etymology of 21, 35, 58, 84, 116, 158, 180, on Jonson 270 222, 250, 273, 286 Roe, Sir John 254 personiﬁed in satire 118 Rome (city and empire) in satire 83, Saturnalia 245 as satiric setting 60, 114, 165, 204–5, Romulus 103, 114, 126–7, 143 304 Rudd, Niall 45, 155, 274 satyrs 114, 169, 202n, 209, 249, 250, 254, Rupilius Rex 134–5, 201 257 Scaliger, Julius Caesar 250 Sabine farm (see under Horace, Sabine Schedium 34, 170 farm of) scholarship (see under satire, scholars and sacer 193–4, 195 learning in) Salian priests 189 Scipio Aemilianus 40, 43, 58, 69, 133–4, salt, satiric symbolism of 52, 210 147, 184–5, 214, 216 sapiens 148, 152, 156 Scipio Nasica 40, 42 Sarmentus 132, 183, 183n, 188 scriba 183 satire (see also satura) scrobis 65–8 allusion in 13, 264–70 scurrae in Rome 182–5 audience of 42–3, 67–8, 89–91 Seidel, Michael 192–3

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Sejanus 85, 254, 291 Spoudogeloion 303 Selby, Hubert 306 Statius, De Bello Germanico of 142 self-mockery in satire 112–14, 119–20 status (see under satire, status and social semipaganus 64, 74 standing in) Semonides 36 Stern, Howard 19 Seneca (Lucius Annaeus Seneca) 6, 20, 75, Sterne, Laurence 302 123–4 Stertinius 150, 154, 216 Apocolocyntosis of 95–108, 109–11, Stoics, the, and Stoicism (see also Persius) 113, 119, 126, 141, 165, 204–5, in Elizabethan satire 249 316 and oratory 73, 73n quotation in 95–108 paradoxes of 149, 153, 154–5, 156 Stoic philosophy of 147, 155–6 in Roman satire 12–13, 51, 58, 60 Sens, Alex 124 Stoic sage (see under sapiens) sententiae 246 Suetonius 313 sermo (pl. sermones, see also Plato, dialogue Sullivan, John Patrick 163, 164 form of) 34, 40, 49–50, 54, 79, 86–7, suntomia 73 170, 254 Swift, Jonathan 270, 271, 286, 302 Servilius Nonianus 75 Swinburne 294 Servius 140 sword, symbolism of 59, 129–31 Sextus Pompey 51 symposium (see also convivium) 44, 58 sexual discourse of satire (see also body, the) synkrisis 287 224–40 Szilagyi, J. 189 Shadwell, Thomas 264, 273 Shaftesbury 276 Tacitus (Publius Cornelius Tacitus) 106–8, Shakespeare, William 23, 267–8, 270, 147, 313 286 and Nero 172 shame, rituals inducing 194 on Petronius 160–1 shivaree 203n Tarquinius Superbus 134 Sidney, Sir Philip 250 teeth and biting, as satiric symbols 52, 216 Silenus (see also satyrs) 112, 114, Teiresias 59, 110, 135 119 Terence (Publius Terentius Afer) 13, 45 Silk, Michael 297–8 Thales 281, 282, 282n Silverman, K. 235 Thrasea Paetus 75–6, 146 Skelton, John 22, 247 tragedy 37 skepticism 153 Trajan 115 Skutsch, Otto 39 Trebatius (Gaius Trebatius Testa) Slater, Niall 162 in Roman satire 59, 129, 245 slaves and slavery in Jonson’s Poetaster 255–6 in Roman satire 60 in Pope 277–80 social control (see under satire, as social Trebius 82n, 84–5, 93, 171 practice) Trimalchio (see under Petronius, Cena social standing (see under satire, status and Trimalchionis of) social standing in) triumph, the, and triumphal lampoons 202, Socrates 202n character of, in satire 63, 90, 120, 153, Trojan women 137–8 157, 185 Turner, Victor 203–4 irony of 55 turnips 125 physical traits of 209 Twelve Tables 196, 197, 199, 203 Solon 36 Tylor, Edward 192 Sotades 36, 164 Spenser, Edmund 250 Umbricius 92, 139, 281, 282–3 Spitting Image 300 utopias in satire 165

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Van Rooy, Cedric 169 Voltaire 302 Varius Rufus 49 voyeurism in satire 234 Varro (Marcus Terentius Varro) 14, 20 Imagines of 209 walking, symbolism of 53n, 208 later imitations of (neo-Varronian satire) Walpole, Sir Robert 277–80, 281 111–13, 118, 273 Waszink, J. 44 philosophical background of 153 Weever, John 253 Saturae Menippeae of 109–10, 119, 167, Weinbrot, Howard 293 302, 316 Winkler, Martin 224, 299 Venturo, David 281 Wither, George 254 Vespasian 126, 127–9, 202 Wyatt, Thomas 247, 288 Villiers, George, duke of Buckingham 275–6 vinegar, satiric symbolism of 52 Xanthus river 100 Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) 2, 13, 49, 78, xenophobia (see also Juvenal, foreigners in) 89 6, 83, 86, 92, 309 Aeneid of 136–7, 139–40, 140n and Augustus 311 Zeitlin, Froma 160 Eclogues of 187 Zeno 74 Virro 90, 187 Zimri 275

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