General Index

Home , Aponia, Catius, Rabirius (Epicurean)

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-69530-5 - The Cambridge Companion to Epicureanism Edited by James Warren Index More information

general index

Abonuteichos 53–4 aponia 139, 158, 180, 249 Academic scepticism 5, 146, 188 application see epibole Academy 9, 14–15, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 34, Archytas 112 48, 64 Ares 225 Achilles 225 argos logos see lazy argument, the accidents see properties Aristippus of Cyrene 13 action see voluntary action Aristobulus 16, 23 Aelian 23 Ariston of Ceos 39 Aenesidemus 30 Ariston of Chios 39 Aëtius 204 Aristophanes 26 afterlife see mortality and immortality Aristotle 5, 11, 25, 30, 57, 66, 68, 69–70, Agamemnon 225, 241 73–4, 89, 106, 114, 116, 118, 127, aggregate see composition 139, 146–7, 179, 195, 212, 213, 226, agreement see convention; justice 266, 268, 270, 272, 284 Alcius 30 Aristoxenus 217 Alexander of Abonuteichos 53–4, 60 Arnobius 62 Alexandria 32, 132 arrogance 34, 261–2 Alypius 63 Artemis 24 Amaﬁnius 39, 41 Asclepiades of Myrlea 223 Amastris 48, 53–4 Asclepius 52, 53 ambiguity 212–13 Astell, Mary 278 Anaxagoras 285 astrology 217 anger 34, 36, 51, 140, 150, 154, 213, 221, astronomy 106, 110, 234, 265, 275, 284 251, 261, 262, 275 ataraxia 105, 108, 111, 118, 122, 139, anima 131 158, 173, 177, 180, 194, 234 animals, non-human 129, 135, 137, atheism see cult; gods 144–5, 149–50, 175, 194, 202, 209, Athens 9–10, 11–12, 29, 43, 44, 48, 54, 235 190, 259 animus 131 atoms 59, 65–83, 85, 103, 108, 112, 125, Antiochus 27, 29, 30, 32 128, 133, 138, 142, 150–4, 267, 281, Antipater 20 284 anxiety 163, 234 Atticus 27–8, 44, 45 Apelles 216, 219 Augustine 47, 59, 63 Aphrodite 225 Aulis 241 apogegennemena 136 austerity 10, 16 Apollo 24 see also luxury Apollodorus ‘tyrant of the Garden’ 12, 31 Autun, mosaic 7–8 Apollophanes 30 Averroes 276

336

General index 337

Bacon, Francis 269, 285 composition, composite bodies 65–83, Basilides of Tyre 31 116, 126, 150–4 Beeckman, Isaak 269, 270 convention 192, 201 belief 86, 98, 132, 203, 236 Copernicanism 273 Bentham, Jeremy 280 corpuscularism 266, 281 Bentley, Richard 282–3 see also atoms Bernier, François 277 Cos 48, 228, 230 Bithynia 53 cosmogony 116, 240 bivalence 146 cosmopolitanism 191 Boccaccio 64 Cotta 242 body 65–83, 127 cradle argument 174 human 125, 126, 130 see also hedonism, psychological see also atoms, composition Cranach the Elder 279 Boyle, Robert 266, 272, 281, 282, Crates of Mallos 226–7 284–5 Creech, Thomas 279 Braithwaite, Richard 268 criteria of truth see pathe; perception; Bromius 36 prolepsis Bruno, Giordano 268 Ctesippus 14 Brutus 44 Cudworth, Ralph 282 cult 15, 16, 20, 22–6, 241 Caesar, C. Iulius 32, 43–4, 225 see also Epicurus, portrayed as a god Calchis 20 Cynics 220, 221 calculus, hedonist 165–7, 169, 265 Cyrenaics 97, 172 Cassius 43, 44, 181 Cyzicus 26 Catius Insuber 39 causation 70, 81, 87, 110, 127, 142, 147, Damascius 60 150–4, 205, 209, 211 Damon of Oa 221 see explanation; teleology Dante 64 Cavendish, Margaret 271, 281 death 15, 34, 42, 56, 57, 123, 126, Celsus 47 138, 164, 187, 234, 236–8, 251, Chairedemus 16, 23 254, 257, 258–9, 260–1, 265, 284 Chalcis 54 see also Epicurus, death of; fear; Chaos 216, 284 mortality and immortality; character 129 symmetry argument development of 135, 142, 148–50 decision-making 34, 187 see also vice; virtue see also voluntary action; calculus, Charleton, Walter 271, 278, 280 hedonist children 27, 180, 190, 209 Demetrius of Laconia (Demetrius Christianity 46, 47, 52, 53, 60–4, 266, Lacon) 4, 31, 34, 35, 36, 38 267, 272, 275, 276, 284 Democritus 13, 57, 68, 69, 75, 80, 82, Chrysippus 52, 147–8, 199, 252 103–4, 133–5, 150–3, 266, 269, Cicero 23, 27–8, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, 45, 270, 280 49, 63, 69, 76, 107, 146–8, 172, Descartes, René 266, 269, 272, 273, 275, 183, 188, 189, 202, 267, 281 282, 284, 285 civilization 63 desire 57, 63, 132, 139, 145, 148–9, 160, Clement of Alexandria 49, 61, 69, 90 260, 284 Colophon 12 desires, classiﬁcation of 62, 167, 186 Colotes 13, 17–18, 22, 51, 152–3 determinism 52, 117, 132, 142 coming-to-be and passing-away 66, 70, see also bivalence; swerve, atomic; 78–83, 240 voluntary action

338 General index

di Cosimo, Piero 279 epistemology see belief; empiricism; Diagoras 57 inference from signs; knowledge; dialectic 202 perception; prolepsis Digby, Sir Kenelm 266, 271 Erasistratus 132 Diodorus Siculus 211 Erato 224 Diogenes Laërtius 3, 12, 48, 49, 69, 106, ethics 267, 271 practical 47, 50, 51 Diogenes of Babylon 221, 224 see also decision-making; hedonism; Diogenes of Oinoanda 4, 11, 13, 39, 47, pleasure; telos 54–9, 76–7, 107, 155, 202, 206, eudaimonia 50, 57, 110, 126, 132, 138, 208–10, 211, 249 139, 169–78, 197, 221, 238, 249, Diogenianus 47, 52 260, 284 Dionysius of Alexandria 61–2 Euphronius 52 Dionysius of Halicarnassus 226 evil 240 Dionysius the Stoic 36 explanation 108, 110, 115, 120, 121, 123 disease 19, 56, 257, 259 see also therapy family see children divination 57, 73 fate see bivalence; determinism; divisibility 69, 73–5 divination; lazy argument, the dreams 102, 206 fear 57, 58, 105, 140, 150, 165, 184, 234–48, 250, 254, 265, 275 earth 114–15, 272 feelings see pathe earthquakes 105, 120, 122, festivals see cult 235, 275 ﬂattery 34, 261 eclipse 109, 275, 283 frank speech see parrhesia economics see household management; free-will see voluntary action wealth friendship 15–16, 57, 182–91, 219 Egyptians 58 Furies 102, 205–6 eidola 101–2, 134, 206–7, 242, 269 eliminativism 71, 134, 152 Galen 252 see also properties Galileo Galilei 269 emergence 136, 150–4 Garden, The 9–10, 12, 15, 26–8, 32, 48, see also properties 107, 181, 190, 230 emotions see pathe Gassendi, Pierre 266, 270, 271, 272, Empedocles 41, 57, 256, 269 273–5, 277, 280, 284 empiricism 59, 67, 68, 111, 126, Glaucon 193 144–5 Glykon see Asclepius enargeia 85–101 gods 1, 15, 30, 34, 46, 47, 50, 51, 56, epibole 94 57, 58, 60, 62, 87, 88–92, 105, 108, Epicurus 119, 123–4, 145, 203, 208, 236–42, biography 11–14, 18 247, 254, 257, 266, 267, 270, 272, death of 12, 14, 184, 262 274, 284 house 28 grammar 216, 223 last will and testament 15, 16, 20, greed 140 181 Grotius, Hugo 279 portrayed as a god 11, 13 writings by 3, 12, 17, 57 Hadrian 48 dating by Athenian archon 19 hail 105 epigraphy 4, 48, 54–9, 107 Halley, Edmund 272 epilogismos 88, 90 happiness see eudaimonia

General index 339

harm see pain Kos see Cos heavens see astronomy; meteorology kosmos 5, 58, 69, 72, 76, 81–3, 105, Hector 220 110, 266 Hedius Rufus Lollianus Avitus, L. 53 hedonism 5, 13, 46, 51, 59–60, 169–78, Lactantius 240, 267, 281 184, 244, 245, 266 Lampsacus 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 26 ethical 149, 276 language 197–215 psychological 149 origin of 198, 207–11 Heliodorus 28 see also ambiguity; naming; signifying Heliodorus the Epicurean 48 Latin 39, 41 Helmont, J. B. van 271 law 57, 191 Hephaestus 225 see also justice Heraclitus 57 lazy argument, the (argos logos) 146–8 Herculaneum 3, 25, 31, 32, 33, 48, 54 Le Grand, Antoine 278 Hermarchus 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 26, 37, Leibniz, Gottfried 276, 281, 283 180, 184 lekta 199, 204, 205 Hermocrates 60 Leonteus 11, 12 Herodotus, recipient of letter from Lesbos see Mitylene Epicurus 20 letters 13–14, 16, 17, 18–20, 24, 57, 58, Herophilus 132 61, 62, 107 Hesiod 13, 216 Leucippus 68, 73, 266 Hobbes, Thomas 271, 275, 279, 282 library 3, 32 Homer 33, 34, 52, 220, 224–6 see also Papiri, Villa dei honour 25–6, 140, 180 lightning 105, 120, 122, 123 Horace 33, 49, 211, 279 Locke, John 274, 279 household management 34, 87, 217, love see sex and sexual desire 218–19 Lucian 46, 47, 53–4 Hume, David 278, 280 Lucilius 49 hylomorphism 268 Lucretius 3, 22, 40–3, 44–5, 46, 49, 51, 96, 99, 101, 107, 112, 114, 115, 120, ice 120, 121 121, 122, 127, 129, 131, 134, 136, Idomeneus 12, 184 138, 140, 143–6, 180, 204, 208–11, images see eidola 228, 237, 241, 249, 254, 255–9, 260, immortality see mortality and 266, 267, 268, 269, 279–80 immortality luxury 149, 159–69 inference from signs 35, 36, 88–9, Lyceum see Peripatos 93–100, 127 Lycia 54 inﬁnity 15, 58, 66, 69, 71–2, 73, 75, see also Oinoanda 78, 81, 105, 112, 115, 128, 237, 272 magnets 122 Iphigenia 241 Manicheanism 63 Marcus Aurelius 15, 19, 46, 48, 50 Jefferson, Thomas 1 Marinus 47 Jews 58 marturesis 100, 103 Julian 59 Marx, Karl 1, 2, 280 justice 57, 58, 87, 88, 91, 179, 191–5, materialism 5, 46, 47, 51, 63, 66, 126, 132 271, 276, 278 mathematics 35–6, 106, 110 Melite Kant, Immanuel 276 Memmius, C. 27–8, 44–5, 256–7 knowledge 72, 133 memorization 20–2, 56, 108, 255, 258

340 General index

memory 87, 89, 177, 214, 262 orthodoxy and dissidence 37–8, 58 Menoeceus 20 Ovid 279 Mersenne, Marin 268 metaphysics see causation; properties; paideia 190 void pain 139–40, 165, 167, 171, 182, 219, meteorology 105, 118–24, 198, 236 235, 243, 257–9, 284 Metrodorus 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 21, 23, 25, Panaetius 252 26, 37, 220, 228–30, 244 Papiri, Villa dei 22, 34 Miletus 34 papyri 3–4, 33–4, 54, 56, 153 Mill, John Stuart 280 of Lucretius at Herculaneum? 41 minima see minimal parts parrhesia 34, 36, 217, 230, 252–4, 259, minimal parts 74 261, 263–4 Mithres 19–20 passions see pathe Mithridatic War 29 pathe 51, 84, 93, 126, 131, 132, 140, 174, moon 118 217, 224, 235, 249–65 More, Henry 282 Patro 28, 31 More, Thomas 277 Paul, St 20, 48, 62 mortality and immortality 22, 43, 63, Pausanias 28 138, 234, 236, 238–48, 275 Peloponnesian War 259 motion 66, 73, 75–8, 107, 113–15, 126, perception 5, 35, 72, 74, 84–104, 126, 134, 143–6 127, 158, 234, 243–4, 269 see also swerve, atomic Percy, Henry 267 music 34, 217, 219, 262 Pergamon 48 Mytilene 10, 11–12, 14, 15 Peripatos 9, 11, 15, 26, 29, 48, 64, 250 Petrarch 64 naming 204–11 Phaedrus 16, 27–8, 31 natural philosophy see physiologia Philiscus 30 nature 78, 166, 179, 192, 209, 213, 226, Philo of Alexandria 62 238, 258, 260, 265 Philo of Larissa 29 Nausiphanes 12, 13, 69, 230 Philodemus of Gadara 4, 19, 24, 31, Nebridius 63 32–9, 49, 88–9, 100, 101, 204, necessity 13, 76–8, 115, 147–8, 209 213, 217, 224–33, 236–7, 239, see also determinism 241, 244, 247, 249, 252–5, 259, Neocles 15 260, 264, 265 Neo-Platonism 47, 59–60 Philonides 30, 31, 34, 35 Nestor 225 physics see atoms; causation; motion; Newton, Sir Isaac 272 physiologia; void Nile 122 physiologia 13, 35–6, 40, 68, 106, 125, Numenius 48 229, 235, 265 piety 1, 25, 34, 36, 238, 241 Oinoanda 4, 48 see also cult old age 54, 56, 58, 186 Piso, L. Calpurnius 3, 32, 33, 225, 227 Oldenburg, Henry 273 see also Papiri, Villa dei ontology see atoms; body; emergence; Plataea 260 properties; reductionism and Plato 5, 11, 16, 23, 28, 30, 57, 60, 65–83, anti-reductionism; void 87, 89, 127, 132, 153, 172, 179, 193, opinion see belief 210, 221, 222, 264 oracles 51, 52–3, 60 Platonism 30, 37, 46, 49, 53, 63, 87, 127, Orestes 102 139, 140, 270, 278, 281 Origen 61 see also Neo-Platonism

General index 341

pleasure 1, 57, 139–40, 158–78, 182–8, Pythagoreanism 16, 47, 53 221, 234, 236, 243, 249, 260–1, Pythocles 13, 20 276–8 katastematic 139, 170–7 quietism 15, 16–17, 43–4, 47, 50, 56, 61, see also ataraxia, aponia 180, 190, 222, 228 kinetic 139, 170–7 see also calculus, hedonistic; hedonism Rabirius 39 Pliny the Elder 23 Raleigh, Sir Walter 267 Plotina 48 reductionism and anti-reductionism Plotinus 59 67, 70, 80–1, 83, 134 Plutarch 1, 2, 17, 19, 23, 46, 48, 50–1, 96, relativity 151 97–8, 107, 152, 199, 222, 225, 267 Renaissance 266 poetry 34, 40, 87, 91, 107, 219, 222, responsibility 67, 76–8, 135, 139, 223–5, 226–8, 255–9 142–57 polemic 17–18, 34, 46, 50, 61, 69 rhetoric 32, 34, 217, 220, 228–32 politics 179 Rhodes 29, 32, 48, 228, 230 Epicureans involved in 43–4 Rhodiapolis 48 see also Cassius; friendship; quietism Rome, philosophers’ embassy to 29, 30 Polyaenus 4, 12, 13, 17, 23, 26, 35, 37 Rousseau, Jean–Jacques 279 Polystratus 16 Popilius Theotimus 48 Saint-Évremond, Charles de Marguetel de Porphyry 60 Saint Denis, sieur de 278 Posidonius 29, 35, 252 Samos 11, 12, 13, 25 possibility 115 sayables see lekta praise and blame 155–7 scepticism 151, 284 see also responsibility see also Academic sceptics; Praxagoras 132 Pyrrhonism prayer 60 scholarch 31, 48 Presocratics self-refutation 155–7 Proclus 47, 60, 210 self-sufﬁciency 159–64 prolepsis 7, 61, 86, 96, 98, 99, 192, 199, Seneca 9, 19, 46, 47, 49–50, 181 206, 226, 242, 255 Sennert, Daniel 268 properties 67, 75, 79–81, 82, 128, 133–4, sex and sexual desire 42, 58, 62, 251, 150–4, 269 257, 259 see also emergence; reductionism and Sextus Empiricus 31, 69, 96, 99, anti-reductionism 100, 102, 199, 216, 217–18, property see wealth 223–4 Protagoras 57 shape 66, 71–2 psuche shipwreck 58 location of 131–2, 134 Sicily 33 mortality of 46, 63, 125, 243–5, 258, 267 signifying 198–207 physical nature of 125, 126–30, 283 signs see inference from signs structure of 129–32, 137 Simplicius 73 psychological development 136–8 simulacra see eidola see also desire; responsibility Siro 33 Pufendorf, Samuel von 279 slaves 27, 220 punishment 123, 155, 194 society 107 Pyrrho 223 see also agreement; civilization; Pyrrhonism 30, 216, 218, 223 politics Pythagoras 57 Socrates 4–5, 23, 57, 89, 264

342 General index

soul see psuche truth 84, 94, 96, 101, 146–8, 198, 203–7, Spinoza, Baruch 276 224, 236, 238, 260 Stanley, Thomas 271 see also bivalence stars 120 tyrant 222, 232 see also astronomy statues 25, 58 universe (to pan) 5, 15, 20, 58, 73, 105–6, Stillingﬂeet, Edward 281–2 112–13, 116, 128, 238 Stoa 10, 11, 15, 29, 34 utilitarianism 280 Stoicism 3, 5, 30, 34, 38, 41, 46, 47, 53, 59, 60, 76, 77, 89, 131–2, 140, Velleius 91–3 146, 179, 197, 199, 202, 240, 248, Venus see Aphrodite 250, 276 Vesuvius 3, 22, 32, 33, 153 Sulla 27, 29 vice 34, 217, 249, 261 sun 118, 120 Villa dei Papiri see Papiri, Villa dei swerve, atomic 61, 76–8, 82, 113, 142, Virgil 33, 40 143–5 virtue 34, 57, 63, 126, 132, 183, 192, symmetry argument 243, 246, 257 217, 278 Syria 31, 48 void 13, 66, 68, 71, 75, 100, 103, 108, 112, 113, 127, 142, 150, 213 techne 216–33 voluntary action 57, 67, 125, 134, Telemachus 225 142–57 teleology 5, 15, 46, 59, 60, 79, 109, 126, see also determinism; responsibility 215, 239, 267 telos 139, 158, 168, 172, 219, 230, war 181, 231 260, 268 waterspout 120, 122 Tertullian 62 wealth 34, 160, 181, 218–19, Theaetetus 204 220, 231 Thebes (Boeotia) 20, 54 see also luxury Themista 11, 12 well-being see eudaimonia Theodorus, 57 will see theology see gods Epicurus, last will and testament; Theophrastus 26, 39, 111, 121 voluntary action therapy 47, 50, 56, 125, 140, 163, 237, witnessing and counter-witnessing see 244, 249–65 marturesis thunder 105, 120, 122, 123 Wittgenstein, L. 159–61 thunderbolts 120, 122 women, members of the Epicurean Timocrates 9, 14, 17, 21 Garden 26 Timotheus 61 Torquatus 33, 43, 183, 188, 202 Xenophon 39 Trajan 48 tranquillity see ataraxia Zeno of Citium 11 Traversari, Ambrogio 22 Zeno of Sidon 27, 31, 32, 35, 37, 38, 88, Troy 241 217, 223 trust 185 Zeus 119, 225