The a to Z Guide to Afghanistan Assistance
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121111-SEA-Class-Analysis-English
Preface The two practical and class characteristics distinguished the scientific philosophy of Karl Marx, the leader of world proletariat, from all other philosophies. This knowledge was not meant to only interpret the phenomena, but to change them; that is why any assessment of phenomena in light of this knowledge, has class characteristic and it believes nothing in the world is non-class. Revolution, which means the replacement of one class by the other, is not possible without practical actions. Also, a revolution can only triumph when its vanguard draws an accurate distinguishing line between the friend and the foe. This is only possible through a class analysis. In the absence of class analysis, triumph of the proletarian revolution will remain impossible. These classes consist of friends, foes and intermediary forces. Following a thorough assessment, communists expand the size of friendly forces, attract the intermediary forces, and isolate the enemy to the possible extent. Hence, for a practical action, there is need for thorough class analysis of the society where revolutionaries launch their revolution. This enables revolutionaries to tell who their class friends and enemies are; where to trigger revolution; and what stages the revolution is supposed to pass through. Afghanistan Revolutionary Organization (ARO), a Marxist organization, is committed to world proletarian revolution. It aims at successfully bringing about a revolution in Afghanistan as part of the world proletarian revolution based on scientific analysis of a given situation. To do so, ARO sees the urgent need to thoroughly analyze the overall status of classes in Afghan society. Without such an analysis, it is impractical to achieve revolutionary objectives. -
Beyond Boundaries II
Beyond Boundaries II Beyond Boundaries II Pakistan - Afghanistan Track 1.5 and II cc Connecting People Building Peace Promoting Cooperation 1 Beyond Boundaries II Beyond Boundaries II Pakistan – Afghanistan Track 1.5 and II Connecting People Building Peace Promoting Cooperation 2 Beyond Boundaries II Beyond Boundaries II ©Center for Research and Security Studies 2018 All rights reserved This publication can be ordered from CRSS Islamabad office. All CRSS publications are also available free of cost for digital download from the CRSS website. 14-M, Ali Plaza, 2nd Floor, F-8 Markaz, Islamabad, Pakistan. Tel: +92-51-8314801-03 Fax: +92-51-8314804 www.crss.pk 3 Beyond Boundaries II TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................... 5 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................... 9 3. CONTEXTUALIZING BEYOND BOUNDARIES................................................... 11 4. FIRST MEETING OF THE PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ........ 56 5. SECOND MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE .......... 72 6. THIRD MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE .............. 95 7. FOURTH MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ........ 126 8. FIFTH MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS/TRADE ........................................................................................ 149 9. SIXTH MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ............ 170 10. UNIVERSITY -
Naswar Dipping, Shift in Behavior in Multi Ethnicity Setting
ORIGINAL ARTICLE chewing habits.2 thorough examination of oral cavity. of interleukin 1β, however, no differences in the disappear if its use is stopped.20. The use of levels of serum IL-6 were observed by the smokeless tobacco in Sweden has been found to Naswar, unlike other chewable tobacco, is used by Oral rinse was collected from 998 subjects in Karachi researchers. Similarly, Naswar was also found to be about 10-fold higher than the rest of Europe (17 NASWAR DIPPING, SHIFT IN BEHAVIOR IN ‘dipping’ placing a pinch either under the lower lip and Peshawar who were habitual of chewable alter thyroid function by significantly increasing countries) and more popular amongst men than or tongue, or inside the cheek from few minutes to tobacco after an informed consent. Samples of serum FT3 and FT4 levels.14 Regarding levels of trace women.21 MULTI ETHNICITY SETTING hours. Naswar is made from sundried tobacco oral-rinse were collected by giving the subjects 20 elements in blood, serum copper levels in naswar leaves of specie Nicotina rustica. After fine grinding ml distilled water to swish in their mouth for one addicts were significantly raised with a mean of 5.1 Toombak is another naswar like product which is Haya Naveen1, Saeeda Baig2, Wasfa Farooq2, Hira Attique3 these are mixed with calcium oxide and wood ash. minute and then spit in the 50 ml corning tubes. A ± 2.4 µg/dl compared to mean of 2.6 ±0.1 µg/dl in marketed in Sudan. Unlike naswar a lot of research 1Dorset County Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UK, 2Department of Biochemistry, 15 Later cardamom and menthol are added for flavor dental floss with a small brush was handed over to healthy control group(P = 0.005). -
Mohmad Agency Blockwise
POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD DETAIL FROM BLOCK TO DISTRICT LEVEL FATA (MOHMAND AGENCY) ADMIN UNIT POPULATION NO OF HH MOHMAND AGENCY 466,984 48,118 AMBAR UTMAN KHEL TEHSIL 62,109 6,799 AMBAR UTMAN KHEL TRIBE 62,109 6799 BAZEED KOR SECTION 21,174 2428 BAHADAR KOR 4,794 488 082050106 695 50 082050107 515 54 082050108 256 33 082050109 643 65 082050110 226 35 082050111 326 39 082050112 425 55 082050113 837 64 082050114 192 24 082050115 679 69 BAZID KOR 8,226 943 082050116 689 71 082050117 979 80 082050118 469 45 082050119 1,062 128 082050120 1,107 145 082050121 655 72 082050122 845 123 082050123 1,094 111 082050124 455 60 082050125 871 108 ISA KOR 3,859 490 082050126 753 93 082050127 1,028 104 082050128 947 118 082050129 715 106 082050130 416 69 KOT MAINGAN 673 79 082050105 673 79 WALI BEG 3,622 428 082050101 401 49 082050102 690 71 082050103 1,414 157 082050104 1,117 151 MAIN GAN SECTION 40,935 4371 AKU KOR 5,478 583 082050223 1,304 117 082050224 154 32 082050225 490 41 082050226 413 40 082050227 1,129 106 082050228 1,988 247 BANE KOR 8,626 1012 Page 1 of 12 POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD DETAIL FROM BLOCK TO DISTRICT LEVEL FATA (MOHMAND AGENCY) ADMIN UNIT POPULATION NO OF HH 082050214 1,208 121 082050215 1,363 141 082050216 672 67 082050217 901 99 082050218 1,117 175 082050219 1,507 174 082050220 448 76 082050221 839 79 082050222 571 80 KHORWANDE 1,907 184 082050229 1,714 159 082050230 193 25 MAIN GAN 11,832 1182 082050201 1,209 114 082050202 1,105 124 082050203 1,322 128 082050204 1,387 138 082050205 1,043 75 082050206 774 71 082050207 763 75 082050208 -
Freedom Or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism in Afghanistan and Iraq Hannibal Travis
Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights Volume 3 | Issue 1 Article 4 Spring 2005 Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism in Afghanistan and Iraq Hannibal Travis Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr Recommended Citation Hannibal Travis, Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism in Afghanistan and Iraq, 3 Nw. J. Int'l Hum. Rts. 1 (2005). http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr/vol3/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Copyright 2005 Northwestern University School of Law Volume 3 (Spring 2005) Northwestern University Journal of International Human Rights FREEDOM OR THEOCRACY?: CONSTITUTIONALISM IN AFGHANISTAN AND IRAQ By Hannibal Travis* “Afghans are victims of the games superpowers once played: their war was once our war, and collectively we bear responsibility.”1 “In the approved version of the [Afghan] constitution, Article 3 was amended to read, ‘In Afghanistan, no law can be contrary to the beliefs and provisions of the sacred religion of Islam.’ … This very significant clause basically gives the official and nonofficial religious leaders in Afghanistan sway over every action that they might deem contrary to their beliefs, which by extension and within the Afghan cultural context, could be regarded as -
People of Ghazni
Program for Culture & Conflict Studies www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/ Province: Zabul April 13, 2009 Governor: Mohammad Ashraf Nasseri Provincial Police Chief: Colonel Mohammed Yaqoub Population Estimate: Urban: 9,200 Rural: 239,9001 249,100 Area in Square Kilometers: 17,343 Capital: Qalat (formerly known as Qalat-i Ghilzai) Names of Districts: Arghandab, Baghar, Day Chopan, Jaldak, Kaker, Mizan, Now Bahar, Qalat, Shah Joy, Shamulza’i, Shinkay Composition of Population: Ethnic Groups: Religions: Tribal Groups: Tokhi & Hotaki Majority Pashtun Predominately Sunni Ghilzais, Noorzai &Panjpai Islam Durranis Occupation of Population Major: Agriculture (including opium), labor, Minor: Trade, manufacturing, animal husbandry smuggling Crops/Farming/ Poppy, wheat, maize, barley, almonds, Sheep, goat, cow, camel, donkey Livestock:2 grapes, apricots, potato, watermelon, cumin Language: Overwhelmingly Pashtu, although some Dari can be found, mostly as a second language Literacy Rate Total: 1% (1% male, a few younger females)3 Number of Educational Primary & Secondary: 168 (98% all Colleges/Universities: None, although Institutions: 80 male) 35272 student (99% male), some training centers do exist for 866 teachers (97% male) vocational skills Number of Security Incidents, January: 3 May: 6 September: 7 2007:774 February: 4 June: 8 October: 7 March: 3 July: 8 November: 10 April: 11 August: 5 December: 5 Poppy (Opium) Cultivation: 2006: 3,210ha 2007: 1,611ha NGOs Active in Province: Ibn Sina, Vara, ADA, Red Crescent, CADG Total PRT Projects: 40 Other Aid Projects: 573 Planned Cost: $8,283,665 Planned Cost: $19,983,250 Total Spent: $2,997,860 Total Spent: $1,880,920 Transportation: 1 Airstrip in Primary Roads: The ring road from Ghazni to Kandahar passes through Qalat and Qalat “PRT Air” – 2 flights Shah Joy. -
The a to Z Guide to Afghanistan Assistance
The Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit The A to Z Guide to Afghanistan Assistance 2nd Edition, August 2003 Writer: Shawna Wakefield Editor: Christina Bennett, Kathleen Campbell With special thanks to: Kristen Krayer, Nellika Little, Mir Ahmad Joyenda Cover illustration: Parniyan Design and Printing: The Army Press © 2003 The Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit (AREU). All rights reserved. Preface This is the second edition of The A to Z Guide to Afghanistan Assistance. Our first edition was brought out one year ago at a time of great change in Afghanistan. At that time, coordination mechanisms and aid processes were changing so fast that old hands and new arrivals alike were sometimes overwhelmed by the multiplicity of acronyms and references to structures and entities that had been recently created, abolished or re-named. Eighteen months after the fall of the Taliban and the signing of the Bonn Agreement, there are still rapid new developments, a growing complexity to the reconstruction effort and to planning processes and, of course, new acronyms! Our aim therefore remains to provide a guide to the terms, structures, mechanisms and coordinating bodies critical to the Afghanistan relief and reconstruction effort to help ensure a shared vocabulary and common understanding of the forces at play. We’ve also included maps and a contact directory to make navigating the assistance community easier. This 2nd edition also includes a section called “Resources,” containing information on such things as media organisations, security information, and Afghanistan-related web sites. Another new addition is a guide to the Afghan government. As the objective of so many assistance agencies is to support and strengthen government institutions, we felt that understanding how the Afghan government is structured is important to working in the current environment. -
Tribal Belt and the Defence of British India: a Critical Appraisal of British Strategy in the North-West Frontier During the First World War
Tribal Belt and the Defence of British India: A Critical Appraisal of British Strategy in the North-West Frontier during the First World War Dr. Salman Bangash. “History is certainly being made in this corridor…and I am sure a great deal more history is going to be made there in the near future - perhaps in a rather unpleasant way, but anyway in an important way.” (Arnold J. Toynbee )1 Introduction No region of the British Empire afforded more grandeur, influence, power, status and prestige then India. The British prominence in India was unique and incomparable. For this very reason the security and safety of India became the prime objective of British Imperial foreign policy in India. India was the symbol of appealing, thriving, profitable and advantageous British Imperial greatness. Closely interlinked with the question of the imperial defence of India was the tribal belt2 or tribal areas in the North-West Frontier region inhabitant by Pashtun ethnic groups. The area was defined topographically as a strategic zone of defence, which had substantial geo-political and geo-strategic significance for the British rule in India. Tribal areas posed a complicated and multifaceted defence problem for the British in India during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Peace, stability and effective control in this sensitive area was vital and indispensable for the security and defence of India. Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of Peshawar, Pakistan 1 Arnold J. Toynbee, „Impressions of Afghanistan and Pakistan‟s North-West Frontier: In Relation to the Communist World,‟International Affairs, 37, No. 2 (April 1961), pp. -
Kandahar Survey Report
Agency for Rehabilitation & Energy-conservation in Afghanistan I AREA Kandahar Survey Report February 1996 AREA Office 17 - E Abdara Road UfTow Peshawar, Pakistan Agency for Rehabilitation & Energy-conservation in Afghanistan I AREA Kandahar Survey Report Prepared by Eng. Yama and Eng. S. Lutfullah Sayed ·• _ ....... "' Content - Introduction ................................. 1 General information on Kandahar: - Summery ........................... 2 - History ........................... 3 - Political situation ............... 5 - Economic .......................... 5 - Population ........................ 6 · - Shelter ..................................... 7 -Cost of labor and construction material ..... 13 -Construction of school buildings ............ 14 -Construction of clinic buildings ............ 20 - Miscellaneous: - SWABAC ............................ 2 4 -Cost of food stuff ................. 24 - House rent· ........................ 2 5 - Travel to Kanadahar ............... 25 Technical recommendation .~ ................. ; .. 26 Introduction: Agency for Rehabilitation & Energy-conservation in Afghanistan/ AREA intends to undertake some rehabilitation activities in the Kandahar province. In order to properly formulate the project proposals which AREA intends to submit to EC for funding consideration, a general survey of the province has been conducted at the end of Feb. 1996. In line with this objective, two senior staff members of AREA traveled to Kandahar and collect the required information on various aspects of the province. -
Afghanistan: Politics, Elections, and Government Performance
Afghanistan: Politics, Elections, and Government Performance Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs February 10, 2011 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS21922 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Afghanistan: Politics, Elections, and Government Performance Summary The limited capacity and widespread corruption of all levels of Afghan governance are growing factors in debate over the effectiveness of U.S. strategy in Afghanistan, as expressed in an Administration assessment of policy released December 16, 2010. A competent, respected, and effective Afghan government is considered a major prerequisite for a transition to Afghan leadership that is to take place by 2014, a timeframe agreed to by the United States, its international partners, and the Afghan government. Afghan governing capacity has increased significantly since the Taliban regime fell in late 2001, but many positions, particularly at the local level, are unfilled or governing functions are performed by unaccountable power brokers. On corruption, the issue that perhaps most divides the United States from the government of President Hamid Karzai, the Afghan leadership is accepting U.S. help to build emerging anti- corruption institutions, but these same institutions have sometimes caused a Karzai backlash when they have targeted his allies or relatives. Effects of corruption burst into public view in August 2010 when the large Kabul Bank nearly collapsed due in part to losses on large loans to major shareholders, many of whom are close to Karzai. Some in Congress have sought to link further U.S. aid to clearer progress on the corruption issue. Purportedly suspicious that U.S. -
“TELLING the STORY” Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: a Regional Perspective (2011-2016)
“TELLING THE STORY” Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: A Regional Perspective (2011-2016) Emma Hooper (ed.) This monograph has been produced with the financial assistance of the Norway Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the position of the Ministry. © 2016 CIDOB This monograph has been produced with the financial assistance of the Norway Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the position of the Ministry. CIDOB edicions Elisabets, 12 08001 Barcelona Tel.: 933 026 495 www.cidob.org [email protected] D.L.: B 17561 - 2016 Barcelona, September 2016 CONTENTS CONTRIBUTOR BIOGRAPHIES 5 FOREWORD 11 Tine Mørch Smith INTRODUCTION 13 Emma Hooper CHAPTER ONE: MAPPING THE SOURCES OF TENSION WITH REGIONAL DIMENSIONS 17 Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: A Regional Perspective .......... 19 Zahid Hussain Mapping the Sources of Tension and the Interests of Regional Powers in Afghanistan and Pakistan ............................................................................................. 35 Emma Hooper & Juan Garrigues CHAPTER TWO: KEY PHENOMENA: THE TALIBAN, REFUGEES , & THE BRAIN DRAIN, GOVERNANCE 57 THE TALIBAN Preamble: Third Party Roles and Insurgencies in South Asia ............................... 61 Moeed Yusuf The Pakistan Taliban Movement: An Appraisal ......................................................... 65 Michael Semple The Taliban Movement in Afghanistan ....................................................................... -
Health in Times of Uncertainty in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2013: a Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Ali H
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Civil & Environmental Engineering Publications 2016 Health in times of uncertainty in the eastern Mediterranean region, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Ali H. Mokdad Ali Shafqat Akanda See next page for additional authors Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cve_facpubs Authors Ali H. Mokdad, Ali Shafqat Akanda, and et al Articles Health in times of uncertainty in the eastern Mediterranean region, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Ali H Mokdad, Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar, Farah Daoud, Charbel El Bcheraoui, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Ibrahim Khalil, Ashkan Afshin, Marwa Tuff aha, Raghid Charara, Ryan M Barber, Joseph Wagner, Kelly Cercy, Hannah Kravitz, Matthew M Coates, Margaret Robinson, Kara Estep, Caitlyn Steiner, Sara Jaber, Ali A Mokdad, Kevin F O’Rourke, Adrienne Chew, Pauline Kim, Mohamed Magdy Abd El Razek*, Safa Abdalla*, Foad Abd-Allah*, Jerry P Abraham*, Laith J Abu-Raddad*, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh*, Abdulwahab A Al-Nehmi*, Ali S Akanda*, Hanan Al Ahmadi*, Mazin J Al Khabouri*, Faris H Al Lami*, Zulfa A Al Rayess*, Deena Alasfoor*, Fadia S AlBuhairan*, Saleh F Aldhahri*, Suliman Alghnam*, Samia Alhabib*, Nawal Al-Hamad*, Raghib Ali*, Syed Danish Ali*, Mohammad Alkhateeb*, Mohammad A AlMazroa*, Mahmoud A Alomari*, Rajaa Al-Raddadi*,