Vulkaneifel Magazine

Not all volcanoes are the same Cinder cones and Natural and geological phenomena The wide range of services offered by certified nature and geopark guides The classroom Outdoor and indoor learning Vulkaneifel tracks Exciting partners of the Hüngersdorf Berk Losheimer- 594 Blick auf die Gerolsteiner Dolomiten Waldorf Booking plus Tips & Information graben Frauenkron Dahlem Heidenkopf III Ahrhütte 265 Moorpfad Ripsdorf Baasem Dahlem Dollendorf Tourismus (ET) GmbH Gesundland Vulkaneifel GmbH Scheid Alendorf Breidscheid Losheim Kronenburg Uedelhoven 258 Kalvarienbergstr. 1 · 54595 Prüm Leopoldstraße 9a · 54550 Historischer Burgort Esch Hoffeld Tel. +49 6551 9656-0 Tel. +49 6592 951 370 · Fax +49 6592 951 320

Hüllscheid 421 Niederkyll Kronenburger A Witzen Erlöserkapelle Hersch- Fax +49Herres- 6551 9656-96 h www.gesundland-vulkaneifel.de See Barweiler broich bach 547 Mirbach b www.eifel.info 421 a c Quiddel-

Kerschenbach h Westwall Stausee bach h Ober- Holiday region Gerolsteiner Land Ferienpark Üxheim ac baar Manderfeld Jünkerath B r Kehr Goldberg Leudersdorf e Nür- Krewinkel n 258 Tourist-Information Eisenmuseum h burg Schüller o Nieder- Bahnhofstraße 4 · 54568 Gerolstein Weckerath N Nitz Your Geopark hosts 654 Wasserfall baar Gönnersdorf Dreimühlen Tel. +49 (0) 6591 13-3000 Roth Historische Flesten Bauler b.Prüm Steinberg Mühle Eifel-Krimi Steinbruch Müllen- h Tourist-Information Sauerbrunnen Welche- c 609 Wanderweg Niederehe bach a Neuenstein Burg rath zb Am Markt 1 · 54576 Hillesheim Schönfeld Nit Weitersberg Berndorf Kerpen Niederehe 257 640 410 Lind Tel. +49 (0) 6593 809 200 Auw Brücktal Wehrkirche Kerpen Bodenbach Rote Heck b.Prüm Rothenbacher Boos Kobscheid Reuth Mineralquelle Reime- Tourist-Information Stadtkyll Erdbebenmess- Zermüllen rath Maars, volcanic cones, spectacular rock formations, and bi- Selected geopark hosts are particularly keen to demonstrate Ober- Hillesheim h Burgberg 22 · 54589 Stadtkyll Schlausenbach Knaufspesch station 590 c 640 Münk Steffeln bettingen Basalteinbruch ba Hünerbach Neuendorf 522 h Heyroth Tel. +49 (0) 6591 13-3000 zarre quarries with million-year-old fossils are all well and to interested visitors how the volcanic landscape can be com- Eiskeller Am Lier A Auel Arensberg Zils- Barsberg Lühwald- Geologisch-Mineralogische Kohlendioxid- Vulkangarten Sammlung dorf www.gerolsteiner-land.de good, but the expedition can be made even better if accompa- bined with sumptuous treats, artistic creativity, or exciting ac- 51 vulkan 421 Oberehe- quelle Mannebach Bolsdorfer Tälchen Stroheich Geschichts- Köttelbach Altstraß- Bolsdorf Barfuß- Walsdorf straße nied by friendly local experts. And the specially trained nature tivities. Geopark hosts are the fi rst port of call, and offer a Eichholzmaar Wanderweg bachquelle Brück Niederbettingen Holiday region Kelberg 265 Boxberg Hochkelberg and geopark guides on guided hikes and excursions are just particularly warm welcome to visitors to this landscape. Dohm- Nürburg- Kalenborn Mühlsteinhöhlen Tourist-Information Kelberg TRAVELLING Lammersdorf Quelle Dreiser K y Weiher Lieserquelle Sassen the people. Roth l Dauner Str. 22 · 53539 Kelberg l Hohenfels- Bewingen Rockeskyller Ueß Moosbrucher Tel. +49 2692 87218 · Fax +49 2692 87239 Rother Essingen Weiher Kopf Kopf 588 www.geschichtsstrasse.de IN THE LAND 410 Baumhaus 545 Alter Voß Hörschhausen Nostalgikum Müllenborn Adler- und Oos Wolfspark Papenkaule Höchst- Gerolsteiner Berlingen Buchenlochhöhle Brunnen berg OF MAARS AND Sarresdorfer Geeser Gefell Lavastrom Munterlay Gees Kötterichen 410 Ernstberg Waldkönigen 48 Brunnenplatz Gerolstein 481 Auberg Rengen Naturkundemuseum Hörscheid Höchstberg VOLCANOES Büdesheim Steinborner Jungfern- Hinterhausen Lissingen Gerolstein Drees weiher Vorpochten 631 The location of the Vulkaneifel is broadly matching Steinborn Schönbach Boverath Daun the volcanic areas of the Western Eifel. Scientists have Apert Neunkirchen Hotzendrees Ulmener Maar Loch Büscheich Mausefallen- 647 Daun 1 Kreuzritterburg discovered about 350 eruption centers on a strip Vulkan Ulmen Eigelbacher Kalem Pützborn Eifel-Vulkanmuseum Dreieck Vulkaneifel approximately 30 km broad and 50 km long. Maar Dunaris- Lentzig-Quelle Meiserich 509 Quelle 421 Kopp Michelbach Wildpark Mehrener In the landscape maar volcanoes can be Gemündener Maar Gemünden Maar Eishöhlen Mehren 558 recognized by their bowl-shaped form, but Vulcano-Infoplattform Prümscheid Weinfelder Mürmes Steinberger Ley conical hills can also be discovered. They Weiersbach Maar Dronketurm Alfler 675 Sauerbrunnen SternwarteSchalkenmehrener Mehren Schmitt have lent a varied and unique wealth of Maare Mürlenbach Imkerei Weberei- Mehler museum morphologies to the Vulkaneifel. Bertradaburg Wallender Born Üdersdorf Winkel Königorgel Trittscheid 257 1 Bitterleidens E31 Weidenbach Schutz Immerather Altar 44 61 Maar Vulkaneifel Magazine

E314 582 Eifeler E40 Glockengießerei Schulmuseum 4 Daxelberg 470 Immerath Publisher: Natur- und Geopark Vulkaneifel GmbH Römerberg Mainzer Str. 25 · D-54550 Daun Burbach Strohner Wartgesberg Tel. +49 6592 933 203, -206 oder -202 Meerfelder Märchen Strotzbüsch Hetsche Fax: +49 6592 985033 Maar Vulkanhaus Eckfelder Maar Römergrab Dürres Maar Lavabombe www.geopark-vulkaneifel.de E40 Mander- 3 Lebensbaumkirche Manderscheid Holzmaar www.naturpark-vulkaneifel.de Trautzberg scheid Steinkiste [email protected] Maarmuseum U Kronenhaus 1 e 1 ß Wasserfall Editor: The publisher in cooperation with the tourist Mückeln b 27 E29 Ober- und a information centers, the Eifel Tourismus (ET) GmbH Wachsmanufaktur Niederburg ch E42 Kennfuss K Moll plus see articles Windsborn- Puppen- und Spielzeug- 421 48 y Korbflechterei

l museum

l Bergkratersee Gladziewski E29 Photography: H. Gassen, K.-P. Kappest, CUBE, guest guides, Ingrid Steinborn Mosenberg Ober- Lamour, Torsten Weber, archives of tourist informa- St. S Bad- Sefferweich GEO-sightseeing a Reihenvulkan Naturlehrpfad scheidweiler tion centers, the Eifel Tourismus (ET) GmbH, the Thomas l m Käsegrotte Bertrich Vulkaneifel Nature park und Geopark GmbH, the Tourist feature Oberöfflingen Nieder- Thermalquelle Kreisverwaltung Vulkaneifel Picnic near Berndorf MalbergweichE44 48 E31 scheidweiler Bad-Bertrich 61 Tourist information center Niederöfflingen Cover page: At the Schalkenmehrener Maar Malberg E29 Design: CUBE Werbung GmbH German -Road Pfarr- und Karl L i Kräutergarten Clara-Viebig-Zentrum e Hasborn s e r Greimerath All data were gathered with due diligence according to available data.Neverthe- 60 Fließem Kloster Himmerod less, no guarantee is given for the correctness and the completeness of data. The Alte Mühle calculations and research for all routes and for the information and rest stations The Vulkaneifel 60 Himmerod 454 described in our offers have been done in good faith and to the best knowledge 1 Hau of the editorial department. E29 48 N Großlittgen All suggestions are followed at the traveller‘s own risk. We cannot be held liable for any accidents or damage of any kind, irrespective of the legal grounds. 0 1 2 3 4 5 km speaks in its favour: Copyright: E422 The magazine and all its contributions and illustrations are protected by copy- Welcome! right. No part of this magazine may be multiplied or distributed without written E44 permission of the publishers. This prohibition is especially emphasized for the commercial duplication by copy printing, the insertion into electronic data bases, and the duplication by CD-ROM. 41 Travelling through the land of maars and volcanoes

Looking out over the Meerfelder Maar

But it’s not all tranquillity beneath the underscored by the recognition of the surface. The mighty volcanic forces Nature- and Geopark Vulkaneifel as an which once created this magical, some- UNESCO Global Geopark in 2015. times even harsh landscape are still active today. Fire and water are what This high distinction is an acknowledg- formed the Vulkaneifel, and continue ment of the achievements and at the to do so. And their legacy has thus far same time a call for further develop- At the Holzmaar been impressive, with 350 small and ment of the services and activities in large volcanoes, maars, flows, and the Geopark: GEO- reveal Dear readers, guests and friends countless carbonized mineral springs. scientific phenomena. Carefully select- of the Vulkaneifel, But the Vulkaneifel’s geology has even ed cycling and hiking trails lead to the more to offer: red sandstone, tropical treasures of this fascinating landscape. a warm welcome to the land of maars reefs, and abundant marine depos- Dramatic processes with mighty explosions and volcanoes – and to the new issue its tell of both peaceful and turbulent It’s a feast for the senses – taste and Where and fire from the bowels of the earth have of the Vulkaneifel Magazine. times throughout the course of the last pleasure, walking and hiking, cycling blasted holes in the ground and caused mountains 400 million years. and mountain-biking, exploring and volcanoes to pile up in the Vulkaneifel. The volcanoes still With its vast peaks, dense woodlands, discovering. Embark on a journey smouldered here until 10,000 years ago, finally clear streams, fragrant meadows and There are few regions on the planet with us in the land of maars and forming the Ulmener Maar, ’s youngest picturesque villages, the Vulkaneif- which provide such a clear and fasci- volcanoes. create a volcano. The volcanic activity isn’t dead yet; el appears as a pretty holiday region nating insight into its development and it’s just taking a break, and waiting which couldn’t be more peaceful if it changes. The outstanding significance landscape patiently for the next eruption. tried. for the global community has been

4 5 Content

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A precious habitat Sanctuaries for rare plants and animals...... 8

What is a Geopark?...... 10

A journey through 400000000 years of geological history ...... 12

Volcanoes in the Eifel Witnesses of a fiery past...... 14

Nature aducates – Natural phenomena simply explained. . .16 At the Holzmaar

Outdoor school – Educational fun in an exciting landscape. . 18 Feature articles – from science and research Where the world The calcareous Vulkaneifel grasslands ...... 20 Special types of forests in the Vulkaneifel...... 21 Icelandic volcanic ash in the Meerfelder Maar...... 22 is in order – a sure sign of volcanic activity...... 23 On the Senheld Pützborner creek The Vulkaneifel GEO museums...... 24 Waterfall Dreimühlen Water isn‘t just Water ...... 26 The Vulkaneifel Nature Park Mineral and carbonated springs in the Vulkaneifel . . 27 On 31 May 2010, the Vulkaneifel Na- It has resulted in a wide range of ser- Holiday regions ture Park was officially inaugurated as vices. Apart from the fascination with in the Vulkaneifel Nature Park and Geopark...... 28 the eighth nature park in the state of the geological past, it is also the pres- Eifelsteig & Vulkaneifel tracks...... 30 -Palatinate, and has since ent, with its vast peaks, sustainably borne the name of Vulkaneifel Nature managed forests, natural streams, spe- At the Dronketurm Vulkaneifel tracks – exciting partners of the Eifelsteig. . . 32 Park and Geopark. cies-rich meadows, and traditional vil- lages, which generates excitement and Cycling to your heart’s content The new Vulkaneifel Nature Park boasts enthusiasm. Vulkaneifel Nature Park and The cycling track network in the Vulkaneifel ...... 34 unique natural quality, coupled with UNESCO Global Geopark Off along the German Volcano Route ...... 38 maars, volcanoes and diverse cultural Being accredited as a nature park in- Since 2000: European Geopark landscapes. These are ideal conditions volves protecting and preserving a (founding member) Experience the unusual – not the everyday grind. . . . . 40 for sustainable development, combin- number of districts and locations which Since 2004: Global Geopark ing environmentally friendly land use have become the habitats of rare flora Since 2005: National Geopark Your Geopark hosts...... 41 with regional added value, eco-tour- and fauna. Sustainable concepts must Since 2010: Nature Park ism, and economic development. be developed and implemented – in- Area: approx. 1.300 km² cluding in terms of tourism and eco- Population: approx. 85.000 nomic interests.

6 Vulkaneifel Magazine 7 Water is life! And this certainly applies to the Water and fire have formed this multi-facetted Vulkaneifel. Not only do the many people from landscape, and created a number of special ec- near and far appreciate and enjoy the local min- otopes which are home to plants and animals eral water, but the clean water from the maars otherwise deemed very rare or even extinct. and the numerous springs and water bodies The maars are highly unique habitats, whether

also nourish a wide range of flora and fauna. filled with water, filled with soil, or dry. Common snipe Common kestrel

Red kite

Making nature interactive is one of the Vulkaneifel Nature Park and Geopark’s clear aims. Our nature park guides not only know how to make the geo- logical phenomena here entertainingly visual, but are also well versed in the local flora and fauna. For example, traipsing through the juniper groves in the early morning, as the morning mist gradually lifts to reveal a view of the Eifel peaks, becomes an unfor- gettable experience. The local expert knows where the treasures lie, where rare natural beauty awaits discovery, and where to find the best postcard views.

The Nature Park and Geopark is not a park – it’s A precious habitat more or less a cultivated natural space with tracks Jungferweiher with great cormorants Drosera and trails snaking through it. The terrain often in- volves steep climbs and descents. Some good condi- Those who take a break as they circle the maars Thanks to the well developed network of hiking tioning, strong footwear and weather-proof clothing and stop on the shore will be rewarded with an trails and the carefully laid tracks, humans can are recommended for an enjoyable hiking and natu- Sanctuaries for intense natural experience. The view stretches get right in amongst it, and participate in these ral experience. A small backpack with food doesn’t rare plants and animals from glistening blue, to the bright yellow flow- precious areas teeming with life. go astray either. ers of the Scotch Broom, to the lush green of the wooded crater slopes. There is a wide range of tours and routes – both Butterflies dance above the blossoming mead- Reserves in the Vulkaneifel guided and unguided – some of which are also Nature Park and Geopark ows, and azure dragonflies sparkle in the sun. Skipper butterfly aimed at families with children or youth groups. Na- The wind brings with it the birdsong from the Nature reserves: 16 low-nutrient and dry habitats, ture experiences are highly educational, particularly nearby forest. A red kite circles high above, 30 water bodies, wetlands and for younger audiences. while the timid wildcat lurks in the bushes marshes, 5 woodland areas down below. Little and great crested grebes, Protected landscapes: teals and grey herons brood in the reeds, while 9, 3 of which span multiple districts Online information available at: a group of cormorants feast on fish. These are 4 bird sanctuaries the little paradises which reveal themselves to 9 FFH (FFlora Fauna Habitats) www.geopark-vulkaneifel.de -> Naturraum Vulkaneifel the silent observer! www.eifel-natur-reisen.de -> unser Naturraum Vulkaneifel

8 Vulkaneifel Magazine Cranberry 9 We are particularly proud, and consider Lesvos (Greece) and Parque Cultural it a duty, that the Vulkaneifel is one of del Maestrazgo (Spain) – to devise the the four founding regions of European idea of developing geologically unique An idea going Geoparks – along with the Réserve regions in 2000. Géologique Naturelle de Haute- The Global Geoparks network followed GeoparkWhat is a Provence (), Petrified Forest in 2004. around the world

Verdon, Trescaire Vulkaneifel, Dauner Maare Lesvos, versteinerter Wald Organos de Montoro and the Vulkaneifel has been there from the beginning A key element of a geopark is its unu- year period. Applicants and members sual, internationally recognised geologi- must undergo an evaluation or re-eval- cal heritage, as well as the existence of uation. geotourism infrastructures, such as geo info-points and museums. The region In addition to raising the locals’ aware- has a strategy, possesses the tools to ness about “their” natural geological sustainably protect the natural geologi- heritage, its preservation and develop- cal heritage, and uses them to develop ment, the geoparks also act as a net- the Geopark area. Long-term enhance- work to promote cultural and scientific ment of geo infrastructures for tourism dialogue far and wide. They have there- purposes, creation of a geo identity, fore become an important instrument for increasing regional awareness of the developing joint strategies for a peace- natural geological heritage, and passing ful and sustainable future. At the same on and exchanging information are the time, they boost appreciation for the rich primary goals of the geopark networks. variety of geological phenomena, and UNESCO backing underlines their glob- thus significantly help protect the geo- al importance to education, science and diversity. There are currently 102 Global Geoparks in culture. 30 countries on 3 continents. Of these, 59 are Every geopark encourages its visitors Network websites: European Geoparks (yellow stars), located in The title of Global Geopark/European to frequent the other, more distant www.nationaler-geopark.de 21 European nations (as of April 2014). It’s Geopark is always granted by a commis- geoparks to discover their geological www.europeangeoparks.org www.globalgeopark.org hard to believe that this global network is sion formed by the network for a four- treasures. only ten years old.

10 Vulkaneifel Magazine 11 The coffee is steaming away in the big mugs, a tour with Johannes Munkler for the day. and the smell of freshly grilled bacon hangs Mr Munkler is a nature and geopark guide. in the air. Our geopark host has been true And a doyen of the Eifel, our host assures Infectious to his word: A hearty breakfast is the per- us. Before the sun has even risen, he picks Sunrise on the edge of the Rother Kopf fect way to start of today’s adventures. We’re us up from our cosy guesthouse. It’s pleas- near Gerolstein both very excited, because we’ve booked antly fresh, and dawn is already breaking. enthusiasm! Mäuerchenberg at Gönnersdorf

A journey through 400000000 years of geological history ruin Freudenkoppe, Nerother Kopf

We put on our backpacks, filled with a lunch brought to life, cause and effect are rendered With the expert pack, delicious mineral water and some rain- plausible, and tracks in the landscape become nature and geopark guide proof clothing, and set off on our way, reach- journeys. The specially trained guide’s enthusi- ing the entrance to the Vulkan-Pfad trail just a asm for the fascinating geological phenomena few meters later. We cross soft meadows up to is infectious, and the Vulkaneifel’s landscapes the maar crater, while behind us, the Schalk- and nature become an interactive experience! enmehrener Maar slumbers under wisps of morning mist. At the top, we are greeted by a Some 30 certified nature and geopark guides captivating sunrise. The panoramic view over specialising in different fields accompany interested the Eifel peaks is overwhelming ... guests and groups on hiking, cycling and GPS tours At the Nerother Kopf through the Vulkaneifel Nature Park and Geopark. Fixed itineraries are also offered. Volcano adventure park Mosenberg It is hard to find a landscape which showcases Programmes and information: its history of fire and water as beautifully as Brochures on the natural experience pro- the Vulkaneifel. Accompanied by our expert gramme are available from the Tourist Information nature and geopark guide, the distant past is Office or at www.geopark-vulkaneifel.de The NATURAL EXPERIENCE PROGRAMME is published twice a year,

Millstone cave Roth cave Millstone and is also available for download at www.geopark-vulkaneifel.de

12 Vulkaneifel Magazine 13 The Eifel volcanoes were first active some 45 to 35 recent eruption, the Ulmener Maar, 10,900 years million years ago. Phenomena such as the Eckfelder ago. 350 eruption centres have so far been identi- Maar date back to this time. A second phase began fied in the Vulkaneifel, approximately 270 of which Witnesses around one million years ago, ending with the most originate in the more recent phase. of a fiery past Volcanic cones and funnels Careful examination of the two aerial photographs Maar funnels: If, as it rises, the magma hits on the left reveals some clear differences: The top aquiferous strata, this water rapidly vaporises, re- picture shows volcanic cones rising up out of the sulting in massive explosions. The surrounding landscape, while the lower picture features two cir- rock at the contact point is shattered, transported cular depressions – maar funnels. The reason why upwards, and spat out. The blasted-out explosion Volcanoes in the Eifel they look so different lies in their formation history. chamber then caves in, leaving a funnel on the earth’s surface, enclosed by a ring-like wall made The Eifel Mountains may not Volcanic cones: When magma rises up from from the ejected materials, and creating a maar. be spitting fire any more, but the earth’s mantle, it can, depending on its com- The collapsed funnel can fill with water and become every year, the landscape still position, create very high pressure, which is then a maar lake. rises up by around one millime- released in huge explosions. This results in an erup- tre. Geophysicists have found tion of lava, ash and cinder, and, as the pressure Maars are the Vulkaneifel’s trademark. There are that the earth’s crust under- decreases, also lava flows. officially 75 of them, ten of which contain a lake – neath is much thinner than in The geological interplay between these deposits the “Eyes of the Eifel”. In many other maar funnels, most other regions in the world. gradually forms the cinder cones and strato volca- the lakes have silted up and developed into raised And everything points to the noes commonly found in the Eifel. If the summit cra- bogs with special plant populations. Other maars fact that volcanoes could ter fills with water, it develops into a crater lake, like never filled with water or have levelled out due to still keep forming here. the Windsborn Crater Lake, which is the only one to natural erosion, and are now only identifiable as be located north of the . flat, bowl-shaped depressions. But there’s no need to worry; the Eifel Mountains are among 7 the best researched volcanic Mosenberg with the Windsborn Crater Lake

regions on the planet – and Holzmaar and Dürres Maar measurement instruments 6 Cinder cones Maar funnels currently show no risk. 8

1 Bedrock 1 Magma 5 6 2 Disturbance 4 7 5 2 Groundwater 3 Magma 3 Explosion chamber 4 Main vent 4 Vent 5 Cinder embankment 5 Funnel 6 Summit crater 6 embankment 7 Eruption column 4 7 Base surges 3 2 1 8 Eruption column 2 3 1

14 Vulkaneifel Magazine 15 Does the Vulkaneifel have geysers? Its origins were long disputed, as the volcanic forces in the Eifel Mountains were not strong enough to hurl such Yes, the cold-water geyser in Wallenborn! a large ball through the air. The answer came through The “Brubbel” in Wallenborn (bubbling source) is a spring coring in the ball: during the eruptions of the Wartgesberg from which an up to 4-metre-high bubbling fountain of volcano in the north, a piece of crater wall came loose and water – a mixture of groundwater and volcanic carbon di- rolled back into the vent. oxide – rises up every 40 minutes. Here’s an explanation: On its way, it collected bits of glowing lava, which stuck to The fissured substratum contains a hollow space which is its surface. During the next explosion, the ball was pushed slowly filled with rising carbon dioxide gas (CO2). If the upwards once more, to then roll back down again. This saturation pressure is exceeded, the gas suddenly drains process was repeated several times until the ball reached through the spring’s borehole, and the escaping gas bub- Fachvorträge its present-day size. It then became embedded in the cra- bles cause the water to rise up in the Brubbel in the same ter wall, only resurfacing as a result of mining. way they do in a shaken champagne bottle. Nature Natural phenomena simply explained – Nature and geopark guides provide answers. educates

„Brubbel“ in Wallenborn Vulkaneifel Akademie natur-und geowissenschaftliche Umweltbildung im Natur- und Geopark Vulkaneifel

Lava bomb Strohn

The park’s Vulkaneifel Academy Dolomite rocks of Gerolstein runs interesting presentations and excursions for all those wanting to know the detailed facts. How did marine animals get into the dolomite rocks of Gerolstein? Around 380 million years ago – in the Middle Devonian period –, the Eifel Mountains were located near the Equa- tor. Reefs, in this case stromatoporoid and coral reefs, grew in a well ventilated, warm flat sea close to the coast. How was the Strohn lava bomb created? Over time, the reefs and lagoons ran dry. The sea wa- Weighing almost 120 tonnes, the Strohn ter spilled in sporadically, evaporated, and left behind a “lava bomb” is a geological peculiarity. highly concentrated, magnesium-rich brine, resulting in dolomitisation of the reef, which was made from calcium With a diameter of almost 5 m, it is an impressive, unique carbonate (calcite). proof of former volcanic activity in the Eifel Mountains. A blasting in the quarry at the Wartgesberg in 1969 loos- In some dolomite rocks, you can see ball-like or loaf-like ened it from the quarry wall from a height of 15 m. In the structures with concentric layers. These are the remains winter of 1980/81, the people of Strohn used a bulldozer of organisms which built up the rocks: stromatoporoids to drag it across the snow on an iron slab to its pres- – extinct relatives of the sponge, combined with crinoids, ent-day location. brachiopods, trilobites and other former marine dwellers.

16 Vulkaneifel Magazine At the 17 New adventures every day It is difficult to find another place in Germany where the earth’s elemental forces can be experienced as directly and personally as they can in the Vulkaneifel. Only here can you walk right through a volcano, jump over congealed lava streams, climb a reef’s rocks, or witness a geyser spitting out its fountains. Here, nature is the classroom, and the landscape is a spe- cial space of interactive experiences for children and adults alike. Schools and other educational establishments par- ticularly make use of the youth recreational options availa- ble in the Vulkaneifel. Trust and responsibility, co-operation and independence can be encountered among peers. Educational fun in an exciting landscape: Outdoor school for all those At the Weinfelder Maar Vulkaneifel for kids who get inspired

The region not only provides the natural setting for this, Millstone cave Roth Curiosity and the desire to broaden one’s horizons are not a privilege but is also a lively component of many programmes and of youth. On the contrary: educational trips are the trend for any age activities – an educational adventure with rocks and water, group. Leisure time and holidays are increasingly also being used for in ice caves and basalt quarries, in open-air maar pools, or enriching personal knowledge. And of course fun and a good dose on forest excursions. of adventure mustn’t be neglected either. This is precisely where the nature and geopark guides’ programmes come in. The programme is fascinating, and accommodation throughout the region is affordable for school groups Interested guests can choose from some 500 events throughout the and other groups. The options include the youth hostels year, plus personalised options which can be booked through any of in Gerolstein, Daun and Manderscheid, the school camp the 30 guides by individual arrangement. It is worth briefly mention- facilities near Müllenborn, the Steineberg youth centre, Volcano adventure trail Strohn Field trip at the Wartgesberg ing some of the programmes here to demonstrate the wide range of and the Jugendhüttendorf Vulkaneifel, which specialises in The Pützborner creek Käsegrotte near themes and the many different types of services and experiences on adventure holidays, interactive education, and geological offer. A three-hour geological botanical expedition heads through excursions. Stays can of course also be tailored to personal the Wartgesberg under the motto of “Wild plants in the volcano”, requirements. while the “Evening adventure into the Birresborn ice caves” involves Other recommended addresses are the Wald-Jugendcamp grabbing a helmet and torch and following in the footsteps of the in the Wirfttal Valley near Stadtkyll, the Eifelperle holiday Romans underground. home in Lutzerath, the Kelberg youth recreation centre, Those who enjoy cycling will be guided to selected natural treasures the youth centre in Bettenfeld, and the Kronenburg school on a half-day “Birds, bats, raised bogs and maars” tour. “Through camp facility. Many establishments – particularly the ac- the realm of the little Eifel predators“ tracks down martens and wild- credited Geopark hosts – are also equipped to host larger cats, or there is also the option of hiking through the wild Üßbachtal groups, and provide the perfect starting point for excur- Valley and visiting Germany’s only Glauber’s salt springs ... sions, tours and expeditions into the educational natural setting of the Vulkaneifel.

18 Vulkaneifel Magazine 19 The landscape of the Vulkaneifel is not only characterised by the maars and volcanoes, but also by the numerous brooks and rivers which have carved steep and narrow gashes and V valleys into the Devonian bed- Beyond the impressive evidence of vol- They predominantly serve as pasture land rock over millions of years. One example of this can be seen by the canic activity, other types of scenic ele- for the sheep and cows of the respective River between Daun and . ments also shape the Eifel terrain, such as village. As the prickly juniper is not eat- The sun-drenched rocky outcrops and ridges on the upper slopes the calcareous grasslands of the Kalkeifel, en by the animals, its insular distribution are home to a heat-loving oak forest with sessile oaks, haw, hairy which are among the oldest components gives the land its characteristic appear- greenweed, and wood sage, as well as widespread stitchwort. From of the cultural landscape. ance. here, hikers have fantastic views of the largely unspoilt Lieser and spe- cies-rich floodplains. Resting spots and refuges along the Lieser trail, also known as the Eifelsteig as far as Karl, are the perfect places for hikers to stop and take a break. Colourful diversity Amongst On the way down into the valley, hikers pass through the former shrub- bery dominated by oaks and hornbeams, which were processed for firewood and, in earlier centuries, charcoal for iron smelting. Today, greenery the oaks are being increasingly nurtured, as coppicing is no longer on barren ground Chiltern gentian worthwhile. by Dr. Klaus Cölln and Andrea Jakubzik Photos: Torsten Weber The calcareous Vulkaneifel grasslands Special types of forests in the Vulkaneifel by Birger Führ

Calcareous grassland near Gönnersdorf In the Lieser valley

Pulsatilla In the Lieser valley The narrow windings of the Lieser and the steep, shady cut banks are The barren soil is home to numerous belongs to the rockrose family found home to a microclimate which is cool and moist all year round, and is specialised plants, which bloom at var- more prevalently in the Mediterranean, favourable to the beautiful ravine forests characteristic of the Liesertal ious times of year, and thus transform protects itself from excess evaporation Valley. Over 50 different locations of this type of forest can be hiked the calcareous grasslands into a striking in this arid environment by curling up its through, some of which can only be seen/accessed from the opposite and ever changing blaze of colour. The leaves. side of the Lieser. The main tree species found here are ashes, maples, large blue blossoms of the pasqueflower elms and lindens, with alders thriving by the water. It is particularly appear in early spring, while the brown- The highly diverse flora provides the basis worth mentioning the ferns, which include the prickly shield fern and flecked flowers of the burnt-tip orchid for rich insect life, which has seen over hart’s tongue typically found in the ravine forests, as well as the pe- emerge later on, and the blossoms of the 60 species of butterflies recorded over culiar Killarney fern, which leads a non-descript existence in the shady fringed gentian serve as the symbols of a more extensive calcareous grassland. crevices. autumn. These are just a few examples of These include the large blue butterfly with Another indicator species of ravine forests is the perennial honesty, the plethora of flora species which have its remarkable life cycle. As a caterpillar, eating the eggs and larvae of the small with its pretty seed heads reminiscent of silver coins. In addition to the grown accustomed to the extreme con- it begins its development as a vegetarian, ant colony there, the caterpillar reaches many ferns, the special microclimatic conditions are also enjoyed by ditions of the calcareous grasslands. The feasting off the thyme blossoms, before its full size, pupates, and finally leaves moss and lichen. common rockrose demonstrates the ad- later growing a honey gland on its back, the nest as a fully developed butterfly. So aptations required here. Growing densely whose secretion prompts a special type there’s a lot to discover on the Eifel’s cal- And hikers will welcome the pleasantly cool air in the Lieser ravines on on the ground, this dwarf shrub, which of myrmica ant to bring it into its nest. By careous grasslands. hot summer days.

20 Vulkaneifel Magazine 21 Climatic changes can occur very quickly at a regional level. A iment from the Meerfelder maar lake showed a typical sed- team of researchers has recently established that such rap- imentation pattern. And a similar pattern was also found id climatic changes took place 120 years apart in different in the Krakenes Lake in southern Norway, albeit 120 years areas. Studies conducted in the Eifel Mountains and south- later in its marine sediments. ern Norway found that, at the end of the last glacial stage, around 12,240 years ago, there was a period of warming, How are such clear time markings produced? “12,140 years which was initially noticeable in the Eifel Mountains, but ago, the Katla volcano in Iceland had a mighty eruption,” only followed suit in southern Norway 120 years later. Yet explains Achim Brauer. “The ash from this eruption spread this heating occurred comparatively quickly in both regions. across large parts of Northern and , and we find them in the marine sediment as very fine ash particles. It was determined that, during the Younger Dryas – a phase By counting the annual layers in these sediments, we can lasting 1,100 years towards the end of the last Ice Age –, accurately determine the age of the ash.” This ash layer is Europe underwent a period of warming which initially in- thus a clear time marker in the sediments of the Meerfelder cluded the Eifel Mountains. Core samples with marine sed- maar lake and the Krakenes glacial lake.

The thickest basalt columns in the Eifel

1 mm – at the Schlink quarry by the Mühlen- berg in Hohenfels-Essingen Basalt

Younger Dryas- by Dr. Peter Bitschene Warve a sure sign of volcanic activity Warven Alleröd-Warve 99% of all volcanic rock in the Vulkaneifel belong to one family: basalt. When fresh, basalt has always a grey or black colour; if by Prof. Dr. Achim Brauer 0,5 mm it has been modified by volcanic gases, it becomes red due to and Dr. Martin Koziol the formation of ferrous minerals. Solid basalt is heavy – around Icelandic volcanic ash in the Meerfelder Maar three times heavier than water. The more porous it is, the lighter it is. Fresh basalt is hard, and shatters into splinters with sharp Marine sediments are very precise, continental climate ar- corners and edges. Basalt columns in the terrain are a classic chives, because they contain seasonal deposits as layers, indicator of congealed lava streams. similar to tree rings. “The hard work is now having to count and analyse thousands of individual deposits under the mi- Eifel basalt with black pyroxene crystals In the Eifel basalt, it is possible to identify certain characteris- croscope,” says Brauer, “to reconstruct the historic climate tic minerals as mm-size inclusions in the greyish-black ground year by year way back into the past.” mass, such as black pyroxene, bottle-green olivine, shiny blackish brown mica flakes or even white feldspars and foids. One of the The ash from the Katla volcano eruption thus deposited Olivine bomb: typical features of our Eifel basalt is the fact that they have much olivine-rich peridotite itself in the Eifel Mountains and southern Norway at the in the basalt mantle less silica than most other , and no pure quartz (SiO2) same time. Based on these clear time markings, the marine The result can have far-reaching effects on research, both at all. Because of the SiO2 undersaturation, high alkali content sediment from the Eifel showed a rapid warming period to- for the past and future climate. We cannot always assume a (sodium and potassium), and other geochemical particularities, From ash to bomb wards the end of the Younger Dryas, 100 years before the change will have taken place everywhere at the same time, our Eifel basalts belong to the alkaline basalt group, known as ash layer, whereas in southern Norway this was 20 years and climate models need to pay more attention to these Basalt doesn’t just exist as hard rock; it can also be found as tephra. In this case, the material is then classified based alkali basalts for short. Our Eifel basalts belong therefore to very after the ash layer. The same warming, but 120 years dif- regional aspects. Prof. Dr. Achim Brauer’s team of research- on its core size (ash for diameters up to 2 mm, lapilli when typical, rare forms of SiO2-undersaturated intraplate volcanism. ference between the two places situated 1,200 kilometres ers from the Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam 2 – 64 mm, and bombs and blocks when > 64 mm). apart? “We can explain that based on the shifting wind (German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam) and The Eifel’s alkali basalt magmas melt at a depth of approx. 60 The Eifel plume systems. The change in climate happened very quickly at a Dr. Christine Lane from the University of Oxford received – 100 km, in the Upper Mantle, rising to the surface from here The Upper Mantel beneath the Eifel contains a zone span- regional level, but the polar front, i.e. the atmospheric inter- organisational and logistic support from the Maarmuseum ning a diameter of several tens of kilometres, tubular to within a few days. Green, olivine-containing mantle rock (perid- face between the polar air and the air from the temperate Manderscheid when taking core samples at the Meerfelder plume-like in shape, reaching up to 50-60 km beneath the otite) is transported up with it, usually found on the earth’s sur- zones, needed over 100 years to return from the geographic Maar. This was based on a co-operative agreement be- surface, where temperatures are higher and activity more face as fist-size fragments known as olivine bombs. These very volatile than the surrounding areas. This melting zone in the latitude of the Eifel maars (50°) to its location in southern tween the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam and the Maar- Upper Mantle, where all Eifel basalts originate, is known as rare olivine bombs, in their many shades of green, are displayed Norway at 62°,” says Achim Brauer. In other words, a rapid museum Manderscheid, which governs the co-operation to the “Eifel Plume” because of its feather-like shape. at the geo museums in Gerolstein and Daun. change which slowly migrated north. ensure mutual benefit.

22 Vulkaneifel Magazine 23 Eifel-Vulkanmuseum Daun The Vulkaneifel is home to a number of scientific Volcanic activity in the Eifel/ phenomena not found anywhere else on earth, worldwide, volcanic rocks, sur- fing through time and space with and which are of great international interest to interactive computer model research and science. The latest research pro- See Leopoldstr. 9 · 54550 Daun jects constantly result in new findings, but also Tel. 06592 985353 questions. Touch www.eifel-vulkanmuseum.de The GEO museums of the Vulkaneifel region are places of information and gathering for this ex- citing study of creation, change and life cycles. Smell „Hands-on geology“ They are the key to understanding this fascinat- exhibition ing landscape and its history. The region’s geological features Every museum has its areas of specialisation, in an open exhibition, special- Hear ising in fossils from the Middle and dedicates itself to the relevant geological, Devonian period. natural history, historic, cultural and technical Burgstr. 20 · 54576 Hillesheim facets of the Vulkaneifel. Tel. 06593 809200 www.hillesheim.de

Maarmuseum Manderscheid Maar volcanism – once and now, the Eckfelder Maar, travel to the Earth‘s center with the Terranaut Wittlicher Str. 11 54531 Manderscheid Tel. 06572 920310

Vulkanhaus Strohn www.maarmuseum.de

Naturkundemuseum Gerolstein Fossils, rocks and minerals of the region, archaeology, prehistoric and protohistoric, interactive Eifel-Vulkanmuseum Daun forest section Hauptstr. 72 · 54568 Gerolstein Understanding through experience is the basic Tel. 06591 94991-0

educational premise shared by all establish- www.naturkundemuseum-gerolstein.de ments. Seeing, touching, smelling, hearing – all the senses are used to make even complex contexts “graspable” in the truest sense of the Vulkanhaus Strohn word. with Vulkancafé The target group is broad, and even science Volcanic phenomena of the experts can learn something new. Children and surroundings of Strohn, the origin of lava bowls aund bombs teenagers are familiarised with the topics in an The Vulkaneifel Hauptstr. 38 · 54558 Strohn interactive manner, i.e. with a “fun factor”. The Tel. 06573 953721 museums often also run accompanying/exten- www.vulkanhaus-strohn.de sion events, such as museum tours, excursions, GEO museums workshops, presentations, exhibitions, and pro- grammes for children and school groups.

www.geopark-vulkaneifel.de

im Maarmuseum Manderscheid Maarmuseum im 24 Vulkaneifel Magazine 25 There is mineral water, soda water, tap water, spring water and medicinal “Heilwasser”. One of the unusual features of the Vulkaneifel is that it is still also home to the carbonated “Säuerling” spring water. Each of these types of waters are special drinks.

Hotzendrees

isn‘t just Sparkling enjoyment Lieser fount Water Water Bodenbacher Drees Table water Natural mineral water Table water is not generally a natural product, but rather Mineral water is a purely natural product, and is considered Mineral and carbonated springs the oldest foodstuff on earth. It is formed out of rainwater, an industrially manufactured water. Strictly speaking, it is Helenenquelle in Gerolstein nothing more than an artificially produced mineral water. which makes its way through various layers of stone and in the Vulkaneifel Treated drinking water is artificially carbonated and en- earth over time, becoming purified and enriched with min- Many people around the world have something to do with the Vul- riched with minerals. erals. It is a pure foodstuff in the truest sense of the word. kaneifel every day. It’s practically on their menu, or, more specifically, The mineral waters from the Vulkaneifel are sparkling thirst on their drinks menu. It’s the mineral water which is exported from Spring water quenchers, both regionally and internationally. here all over the world. The valleys are full of bubbling springs which We’ve all been hiking, preferably in fine weather, and we appear naturally or are accessed through drilling. They are predom- know how beneficial it is to find a spring supplying us with Medicinal water inantly hydrogen carbonate sources, or carbonated springs, which fresh water. It’s refreshing, clear and, thanks to the constant Some waters are healthier than others, and this is particu- have dissolved over 1 gram of CO2 per kilogram of water. Therapeu- supply of oxygen which purifies the water, clean. Spring larly true for medicinal water. The Eifel springs virtually tically effective components such as iodine and radon actually make water originates in underground sources, and may only be have medicinal qualities. The premium product is currently Steffelner Drees them medicinal springs. filled there. It contains fewer minerals than mineral water. only used at hospitals, where it undoubtedly belongs. But it could also become more prevalent in everyday life. Given Non-alcoholic cocktail: “Volcanic eruption” The mineral water from the Vulkaneifel is exceptionally rich in pre- Drinking water/Tap water the general rise in demand for high-quality diets, now is a Cold hibiscus tea (eight dried mallows in ¾ L of water cious minerals, thanks to the volcanic substratum it passes through are enough for eight cocktails) The name says it all: water for drinking. Hardly any other good time to rehash medicinal water’s image. Water from on its long journey. The carbonic acid responsible for this mineral 20 ml berry syrup foodstuff is regulated as strictly as tap water, at least in the Eifel can give our body energy and strength naturally. enrichment is labelled as virginal, because it comes from the depths 20 ml freshly squeezed orange juice of the earth and has no contact with the surface. It can therefore Germany. 1 tbsp freshly squeezed lemon juice Drinking water obtained from the Vulkaneifel has an excel- The beverage market offers many products to which iron, Ice-cold mineral water from the Vulkaneifel also be called the volcano’s breath. lent quality thanks to the limestone deposits and the special magnesium etc. are added. Medicinal water contains these to top up filtering and storage properties of the loose volcanic rock. minerals naturally. It helps pregnant women suffering from Add all ingredients except for the mineral water to The outlet temperature of most mineral waters is under 12°C, but Drinking water sourced here is not only available to the iron deficiencies, reduces tiredness and sluggishness, nor- a cocktail glass, then top up with mineral water. Do the Vulkaneifel also has hot springs. With a temperature of 32°C, not stir, because the cocktail gets redder towards the local population; the Vulkaneifel is also a key exporter of malises blood pressure, and its high mineral content is good bottom. Serve with a maraschino cherry and straw. the warmest water can be found in Bad Bertrich, bubbling out of drinking water to neighbouring regions along the for athletes and anyone else engaging in intense physical Delicious! Germany’s only Glauber’s salt spring. and Ahr rivers. activity.

26 Vulkaneifel Magazine 27 Holiday regions Holiday region Gerolsteiner Land in the Vulkaneifel Nature Park and UNESCO Geopark

Criminally good and geologically unique, this is the holiday region Gerolsteiner Land in the heart of the Vulkaneifel. Eifelsteig and Vulkaneifel Trails connect breathtaking views from rugged cliffs with gigantic volcanic craters, welling springs and deep dark caves. Cycle paths lead along idyllic streams to defiant and the staged search for evidence on the profession- ally accompanied tours to the crime scenes of the Eifel Thrillers as well as the favorite places of their authors turn out to be murderously beautiful. Weinfelder Maar In short: Holidays in the Gerolsteiner Land are unbeat- ably diverse, from calming to suspense-packed, here Discover the earth’s original vital force: the GesundLand Vulkaneifel you will find it! Alive – powerful – grounding. These words the Vulkaneifel will help you do it. Com- and tranquillity in the sauna after relaxing As companies certified by the “Service Quality Germa- describe the GesundLand Vulkaneifel at bined with special back, leg or dietary in the natural open-air spas or Vulkaneifel ny” the tourist information in Gerolstein, Hillesheim the Vulkaneifel Nature Park and Geopark, programmes, the volcanic landscape and hot springs – a special treat for the mind and Stadtkyll offer a comprehensive range of services the down-tempo region around Daun, its deep-blue maars has a particularly and body. with expert advice to plan and organize your stay. Manderscheid, Ulmen and Bad Bertrich. powerful and stabilising effect. Here, you Tourist-Information Gerolstein Whether on foot or by bike, this is where can clear the mind and find harmony with Moving healthy Bahnhofstraße 4 · 54568 Gerolstein you can experience the earth’s original vi- nature and yourself. Discover the powers of nature along the Tel. +49 (0) 6591 13-3000 tal force! Sensing pristine nature becomes region’s diverse cycling and hiking tracks, Tourist-Information Hillesheim pure enjoyment for the mind and body. Staying healthy improving your fitness in the process. It’s Am Markt 1 · 54576 Hillesheim Tel. +49 (0) 6593 809 200 Hike through the picturesque natural set- beneficial to health and wellbeing. The Tourist-Information Stadtkyll Getting healthy ting of the Vulkaneifel, explore the region GesundLand Vulkaneifel invites you to feel Burgberg 22 · 54589 Stadtkyll Recharge the batteries and start enjoying by bike, riding past wild meadows and the positive effects natural experiences can Tel. +49 (0) 6591 13-3000 life again. The idyllic natural setting of forests to the Moselle river, or enjoy peace have on the mind and body. www.gerolsteiner-land.de

GesundLand Vulkaneifel Holiday region Kelberg As a partner of the Erlebnisregion Nürburgring adven- ture holiday region, motorsport is of course also on GesundLand Vulkaneifel GmbH the agenda. Things are much calmer in the spectacular Leopoldstraße 9a · 54550 Daun wooded landscape, which can be hiked through along Tel. +49 (0) 6592 951 370 roads such as the Geschichtsstraße. Fax +49 (0) 6592 951 320 www.gesundland-vulkaneifel.de Tourist-Information Kelberg with the Tourist-Information offices Dauner Straße 22 · 53539 Kelberg in Daun, Manderscheid Tel. +49 (0) 2692 872 18 and Bad Bertrich www.vgv-kelberg.de www.geschichtsstrasse.de

28 Vulkaneifel Magazine 29 More intense with every step ...

Near Schalkenmehren Climbing the Mosenberg Out on the „Geschichtsstraße“, Kelberg

It’s an intense experience. The wind hiss- In addition to the Lieserpfad track, the Volcano adventure trail Strohn, es through the vegetation by the side of which Manuel Andrack declared as be- just to name a few. the road, carrying with it the twittering of Eifelsteig ing the „world’s best long-distance hike” birds from the forest, and the rustling of in his book “You must hike”, there are And of course the Eifelsteig is anoth- leaves. Herbs, hay and cattle add a touch other well-known main trails which also er talking point. Based on the motto

View over the Gemündener Maar Gemündener the over View & Vulkaneifel tracks of spice to the air. With every step further head through the Vulkaneifel, such as of “Where rock and water accompany up the crater edge, the scale of the maar the Karl-Kaufmann-Weg, the Josef- you”, the premium track, which has been funnel becomes more apparent – as do Schramm-Weg and the Vulkanweg. awarded the Deutsches Wandersiegel the forces which formed it. Ten thousand (Quality Seal of the German Hiking As- years ago, the earth shook here, grew, and The fascinating themes associated with sociation), spans a length of 313 km, run- caved in again. the Vulkaneifel are the subject of numer- ning right through the Vulkaneifel from ous regional adventure trails, such as the , over the High Fens, to . It’s exciting to relive that. And it’s thrill- history track Kelberg, the fairy-forest ing and educational to track past events. track between Gillenfeld and Eckfeld, The Eifelsteig does not actually visit the

But the Vulkaneifel can inspire you with “Where rock and water the biodiversity track Darscheid, the many worthwhile and interesting loca- more than just its evolutionary history. It accompany you” bees educational track, the witches, tions and sections of the Vulkaneifel, is a magnificent, well developed hiking re- This is the motto set for an attractive hangmen & scoundrels tour Ulmen, which is why 14 premium partner Vul- gion, and a diverse low mountain range hiking trail, spanning more than 300 as well as the adventure track knights, kaneifel tracks were created to serve with beautiful river valleys, forests full of km through very diverse landscapes, robbers and Romans in Bad Bertrich. as access ways and a source of further which include the Vulkaneifel. It is game, fertile depressions and rolling hills, the Eifelsteig, which, as a premium Added to these are typical geo theme enrichment. Some of these entail several many of which rise up as wooded volcanic hiking trail, has been awarded the tracks, such as millstone and ice ca- days of hiking, and themselves make for “Deutsches Wandersiegel”. cones. ves at the Rother Kopf, deserts, water an exciting, diverse and certainly unfor- www.eifelsteig.de and volcanoes around Gerolstein, and gettable week of hiking in the Vulkaneifel.

30 Vulkaneifel Magazine 31 closer with every step ... The 313-kilometre-long Eifelsteig pass- Spanning a hiking distance of almost 380 As hiking is known for being more fun es through attractive natural areas and km, the length of the Vulkaneifel tracks when done with others, all Vulkaneifel attractions. On its left and right are so- exceeds that of the Eifelsteig. Like the lat- tracks are of course suitable for groups and called partner tracks: the Vulkaneifel ter, they too are premium routes meeting families. The shorter trails are also suitable tracks and other interesting hiking trails the same high-quality standards. They all for younger children. Shoes and clothing serving as access ways to the Eifelsteig. feature uniform, consistent signposting, similarly need to be appropriate for your and are marked with the respective logo. adventure. Beautiful little patches are the perfect place for a picnic, while good din- ing options ensure physical wellbeing and a Vulkaneifel tracks – exciting partners of the Eifelsteig restful night’s sleep.

At the Rother Kopf Climbing the Mosenberg Near Übersdorf

The Vulkaneifel tracks Exploring the phenomena, highlights and The Vulkaneifel tracks have been care- natural beauty of the Vulkaneifel is the fully established by experts in the local The eight circular and six long- At the Holzmaar distance hiking tracks vary in length aim and purpose of the Vulkaneifel tracks. geological, historic, cultural and natural and degrees of difficulty. There is And they do it brilliantly. Each track has its attractions. But it’s not a case of racing also the option of half-day detours or multi-day hikes as add-ons own charm and character. Sometimes the from one site to another; the track is in- to the Eifelsteig. focus is on culture and history, sometimes stead the destination. Hikers soon fall un- Route descriptions and on the maars and springs, and sometimes der the Vulkaneifel’s spell, appreciate the A free hiking app is available from the Ap- interactive route planner available at: they follow the peaks from viewing point tranquillity revealing the voices of nature, ple Store and Android market to help with www.geopark-vulkaneifel.de to viewing point, thereby reflecting the di- and enjoy the countless treasures big and planning and orientation. You will quickly www.eifelsteig.de versity of the Vulkaneifel region. small revealed to them along the way. be able to find all the Vulkaneifel tracks www.eifel.info under the premium tracks section: App Wandertouren Rheinland-Pfalz.

32 Vulkaneifel Magazine 33 Kyll Kronenburger See

Nürburg Jünkerath Üxheim Three premium cycling tracks head Cycling has long ceased to be a secret Kyll Niederehe through the Vulkaneifel: the Kyll-Rad- tip in the Vulkaneifel, and hosts ac- weg, the Maare-Mosel-Radweg, and knowledge this popularity by constantly St. Vith Bolsdorf the Vulkan-Rad-Route-Eifel. The first improving their facilities. Hoteliers, res- two are perfect for recreational cyclists taurateurs, farmhouses and bike hire and families with kids, while the third in the Eifel guarantee top-quality ser- The Maare-Mosel Radweg Prüm Darscheid is primarily aimed at competitive rid- vice centred around cyclists – and it’s ers. Those who prefer things a bit more To ensure the kids don’t miss out either, been proven: they have been classified Birresborn easy-going can also hire e-bikes on site. there is also a special children’s cycling as “bike-friendly” by the Allgemeiner Gemünden Schalkenmehren track. Along the virtually flat sections Deutscher Fahrradclub (General Ger- Wallenborn Immerath The individual routes can be enhanced between Densborn and Bewingen, and man Bike Club, ADFC), and have since Cycling track network Lutzerath Kyll Eckfeld Gillenfeld with adventure detours, and the between Daun and Gillenfeld, even the been working closely in route teams. Lieser Meerfeld themed tracks such as the Kosmosrad- little ones can experience nature, cul- in the Vulkaneifel weg “Kleine Kyll” and “Mineralquel- ture and history, together with their ex- All routes also have consistent, uniform In addition to the extensive information len-Route” are also particularly inter- pert companions Willi Basalt, Biggi the signposting in accordance with ADFC available online, the Vulkaneifel Cycling Atlas Kyllburg esting. Bee, Elli the Owl and Freddi the Bat. guidelines. and the Eifel Cycling Magazine also provide a good basis for planning individual routes and Lieser holidays. In the Kylltal Valley, the Trier- Erdorf Wittlich Mosel train line which hugs the route similarly offers Exploring by bike: good “train & bike” combinations, while a Bitburg Kyll “Radelbus” (www.regioradler.de) ensures Lieser convenient bike transportation between Bernkastel-Kues the nature park and geopark Daun and Wittlich/Bernkastel-Kues. Mosel At the Ulmener Maar Cycling The VulkanBike TrailPark to your heart’s content

Further online information on cycling options in the Vulkaneifel www.gesundland-vulkaneifel.de www.kylltalaktiv.de www.vulkanbike.de www.eifel.info

34 Vulkaneifel Magazine The Kosmosradweg Kleine Kyll 35 Maare-Mosel-Cycle Route Kyll-Cycle Route Vulkan-Rad-Route Eifel Kosmosradweg Kleine Kyll Railway line track Daun Bernkastel-Kues Long-distance track Dahlem Trier Themed track Dümpelfeld/Ahr Bad Bertrich Themed track Daun, Kurpark Meerfeld

Length: 53,7 km Duration: 4½ - 5 h Length: 128,1 km Difficulty: average Length: 67 km Difficulty: difficult Length: 22,2 km Difficulty: easy Altitude diff.: 426 m Difficulty: easy Altitude diff.: 553 m Best: March - Oct. Altitude diff.: 1033 m Best: March - Oct. Altitude diff.: 367 m Best: March - Oct. 718 m Best: March - Oct. 1087 m 1096 m 401 m Cycle along railway lines through the Vulkaneifel Following the Eifel region’s most important north- Mountains, castles, basalt and fit legs Travelling through the solar system and into the Moselle Valley south route – right through the Vulkaneifel This breathtaking route which climbs up to the Nürburg and The endless vastness of the universe is brought closer here A ride along the Maare-Mosel-Radweg track, which follows The cycling track from Dahlem to Germany’s oldest city, Trier, rapidly descends to Bad Bertrich is a challenge for competitive throughout a one-day stage. Everything beyond our compre- the former railway line from Daun to Bernkastel-Kues, is a real heads in a straight line down through the Eifel Mountains. cyclists. But they are rewarded with high-speed descents and hension of time and space becomes “palpable”. This winding enjoyable treat, as it has virtually no inclines and is therefore The starting point is easily accessed again via the Cologne-Tri- the finest views of nature: The nature re- track runs from the Daun spa resort, through Pützborn, Ober- perfect for recreational riders or families with children – in er train line. The long-distance cycling track snakes its way serve and its 11,000-year-old maar is sure to thrill any nature stadtfeld, Niederstadtfeld and Schutz, to Meerfeld, and is bro- both directions. along the Kyll, past numerous castles, through the diverse lover, while the impressive youngest Eifel maar in Ulmen is also ken down into two themed areas. First, it travels faster than Over viaducts and bridges, through tunnels and Eifel forests, landscapes of the Eifel. It starts in the northern Eifel, with their a great place to stop and relax. Those who find the water too light from the sun to its satellites, in keeping with the scale and past the maars and extinct volcanoes, it heads down into dams and lakes like the lake Kronenburg. From the Kyll-valley cool there can take a bath in the more temperate medicinal with which the individual planets are presented using steles the Moselle vineyard landscape. You can find out even more you can also take the bike to Eastern on the former waters at the route’s destination, Bad Bertrich. It is home to and display boards. In the second stage, cyclists travel through about the land and its people on one of the eight cycling ad- railway-track from Jünkerath to Weywertz. the only Glauber’s salt spring, which has been bubbling up time between the present and the big bang. venture detours. there amongst 2000-year-old Roman relics. Source: www.outdooractive.com Source: www.outdooractive.com Source: www.outdooractive.com Source: www.outdooractive.com

Eifel-Ardennen-Cycle Route Kalkeifel-Cycle Route Mineralquellen-Route Vulkanbike Themed track St. Vith Nürburgring Railway line track Ahrdorf Hillesheim Themed track Niederehe Daun Trailpark Vulkaneifel A playground for bikers Spanning an area of 500 km² and a route network of 750 km, the Vulkaneifel is the perfect place for varied mountain-bike rides.

Length: 112 km Difficulty: difficult Length: 21,4 km Difficulty: easy Length: 30,4 km Difficulty: difficult Altitude diff.: 1395 m Best: March - Oct. Altitude diff.: 345 m Best: March - Oct. Altitude diff.: 476 m Best: March - Oct. 1624 m 275 m 411 m Connecting the Eifel with the Ardennes From the Ahr cycling track to the Kyll cycling track, Connecting the Ahr and the Lieser In the western half between St Vith and Prüm, the almost en- or vice versa. The track follows the Ahbach Valley through The first two thirds of this cycling track follow a gentle, even tirely sealed route follows former railway lines. This section a region which has been characterised by lime mining since climb along the Ahbach, from its mouth at the Ahr to its source has few inclines, and is therefore also suitable for families and Roman times. Cyclists will ride along a former railway line, around Dockweiler. In doing so, it crosses the traditional lime- recreational riders. The landscape here is characterised by roll- and therefore avoid virtually any inclines, for almost the entire stone region of Üxheim-Ahütte, passing directly by the Nohn The “Kôulshore” offers some cracking highlights. The name, ing plateaus. distance. The relatively short track is dotted with attractions, waterfall, through Oberehe-Stroheich, and curving around the made up of “Koul”, the Eifel dialect for lava pit, and the Eng- Things get more challenging after Prüm. The middle section including one of the most beautiful brook valleys in the Eifel, “Dreiser Weiher” maar, before reaching the home of mineral lish term “shore”, represents technically challenging single passes through the Prüm, Kyll and Alfbachtal valleys, involving the “Bolsdorfer Tälchen”. Those who have already been riding springs, the town of Dreis-Brück. After crossing the water di- trails, rapid descents, and woody north-shore elements guar- several major ascents. But cyclists are rewarded with extensive for a while are recommended to try the Barfußweg track with vide between the Ahr and Lieser, the route ends at the cycling anteed to provide a rush of adrenalin and action. These routes views over the volcanic cones of the Eifel, and long descents. 22 stops over more than 1.5 kilometres – and to enjoy the track hub of Daun, where the Eifel-Ardennen-Radweg and the are not suitable for amateur riders. The route continues on through Gerolstein and Daun to the view of the former natural landscape. It’s also worth getting Kosmosradweg invite you to continue on from the Maare-Mo- The annual VulkanBike Eifel Marathon in and around Nürburghöhen hills. off your bike in Hillesheim – to visit the 13th century city wall. sel-Radweg trail. Daun is a special kind of mountain-biking festival. Source: www.outdooractive.com Source: www.outdooractive.com Source: www.outdooractive.com Source: www.vulkanbike.de/

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Rockeskyller Kopf Mighty volcanoes Magical maars Dauner Maare Römerbergwerk Meurin Off along theGerman Volcano Route

The German Volcano Route connects interest- itage. The German Volcano Route allows the Nürburgring ing geological highlights in the Eifel region’s volcanic landscapes of the Eifel region to be volcanic landscapes over a total distance of 280 explored over several stages by car. kilometres. Kelberg Info centres and museums provide accompany- The charming, varied route boasts maars, cin- ing regional and local geological facts, as well der cones, lava streams, domes, calderas, and as details on the wide range of tourist facilities. countless bubbling springs. Be fascinated by the Because apart from learning about the mighty geological, vulcanological and cultural historic forces of the earth’s interior, a stay along the attractions, and enjoy the interesting and en- German Volcano Route also involves relaxation tertaining geo museums, where you can track and pleasure at the various hotels, B&Bs, res- down the secrets of this unusual natural her- taurants and guesthouses.

www.deutsche-vulkanstrasse.com

38 Vulkaneifel Magazine 39 Blick auf die Gerolsteiner Dolomiten

Your Geopark hosts

Maars, volcanic cones, spectacular rock formations, and bi- Selected geopark hosts are particularly keen to demonstrate zarre quarries with million-year-old fossils are all well and to interested visitors how the volcanic landscape can be com- good, but the expedition can be made even better if accompa- bined with sumptuous treats, artistic creativity, or exciting ac- nied by friendly local experts. And the specially trained nature tivities. Geopark hosts are the first port of call, and offer a and geopark guides on guided hikes and excursions are just particularly warm welcome to visitors to this landscape. Experience the unusual – the people. not the everyday grind

The eifelnaturreisen services impressively demonstrate that at- tractive natural experiences are compatible with conservation meas- ures. And what’s more, nature is given added tourism value without affecting the habitats or the local flora and fauna, and is thereby ultimately protected. Because people will only appreciate what they know, and only protect what they appreciate. At one with nature Respectful handling of the Eifel region’s nature and its flora and fauna is the key element when planning and implementing natural adventure options for tourists, with emphasis consciously placed on exclusivity and sustainability. Nature lovers and families will be tak- en to unusual protected landscapes, biotopes and geotopes in small groups, accompanied by specially trained, expert nature guides, who entertainingly highlight the unique features of the Eifel landscape and its flora and fauna. Nature is king here, and the resting times required by the animals in the individual natural spaces in order to develop properly are respected. This creates a holiday atmosphere in

Mäuerchenberg at Gönnersdorf which adventure is combined with an awareness of beauty and the need to protect the Vulkaneifel. Picnic near Berndorf

Anyone who prefers the unusual to the usual, and is looking for a unique, exclusive nature experience, will love the services offered by The Vulkaneifel eifelnaturreisen. (www.eifel-natur-reisen.de) speaks in its favour: Welcome!

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