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Table of Contents

2 Th e 124th Annual Meeting 28 This Land is Your (Exotic) Land: Agriculture in San Diego 2 Important Details about the 124th By Jeff Charles Annual Meeting By Sharon K. Tune 30 Of Borders and Bridges in Mexican and Chicana/o San Diego 3 National History Education By Luis Alvarez Clearinghouse Workshop 32 The San Diego Dining Scene 4 Corrections to the 2010 Annual Meeting Program By Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall

5 AHA Poster Session 37 Eating Cheaply and Well Near San Diego’s 6 2010 AHA Film Festival Gaslamp District By Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall 7 At-a-Glance: Sessions of the AHA Program Committee and AHA Afﬁ liated Societies 42 Th e Job Center and Exhibit Hall 15 Making Presentations Accessible 42 Don’t Panic! Frequently Asked Questions 16 Events in the AHA Miniconference, “Historical about the Job Center Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage” By David M. Darlington 44 AHA Guidelines for the Hiring Process 17 San Diego and Historians By the AHA Professional Division 17 Port to the Paciﬁ c: San Diego’s Maritime 46 Exhibitors’ Index and Military Heritage 48 Map of the Exhibit Hall / By Kevin Sheehan Map of the Job Center 19 Spain in California: First Stop on the Mission Trail By Michael J. González

21 San Diego’s Asian Paciﬁ c Heritage By Chiou-Ling Yeh The 2010 Supplement to the Annual Meeting 23 Hiding in Plain Sight: San Diego’s African Program was produced and American Heritage edited by Debbie Ann Doyle, By Myra Burton Chris Hale, Liz Townsend, and Sharon K. Tune. 26 Visiting Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered San Diego’s Past and Present The image on the front cover is By Elle Van Dermark and Frank Nobiletti of the Balboa Park Reﬂ ecting Pool; photo courtesy The San Diego Convention and Visitors Bureau. The 124th Annual Meeting Important Details about the 124th Annual Meeting By Sharon K. Tune

General Information members, $89 student nonmembers, $79 Job Center retired and unemployed, and $42 precolle- The Job Center, located in the Marriott’s Location of Main Events giate teachers. Individuals who have prereg- Marriott Hall, will be open Thursday, istered should go to preregistration booths January 7, 12:30 P.M.–6:00 P.M.; Friday, AHA and affi liated societies sessions will be to collect badges and other meeting material. held in the Manchester Grand Hyatt and the January 8, 9:00 A.M.–6:00 P.M.; Saturday, Exhibitors should go to desks marked “Ex- January 9, 9:00 A.M.–6:00 P.M.; and Sunday, San Diego Marriott. The AHA headquarters hibitors” to collect badges. Meeting par- offi ce will be located in the Hyatt’s second January 10, 9:00 A.M.–12:00 P.M. ticipants can also pay AHA membership Admission to AHA sessions, the exhibit fl oor level Show Offi ce II. The Local Arrange- dues and purchase AHA publications at the ments Committee offi ce will be in the Hyatt’s hall, and the Job Center requires an AHA “Membership” and “Publications” counters. badge. Betsy Room A/B and the AHA Press Offi ce Publications can be examined at the Asso- will be in Betsy C, both on the second level. ciation’s booth 401, located in the Hyatt’s Messaging System Douglas Pavilion. Registration and Internet Access Meeting registration desks will be located Exhibit Hall he AHA will employ an electronic in the Hyatt’s Douglas Pavilion A and will be Exhibits will be located in the Hyatt’s Ttwo-way messaging system to allow open Thursday, January 7, 12:00 P.M.–7:00 Douglas Pavilion. It will be open Thursday, everyone registered for the meeting to com- P.M.; Friday, January 8, 8:00 a.m.–6:00 P.M.; January 7, 3:00 P.M.–7:00 P.M.; Friday, municate with each other. The system will and Saturday, January 9, 8:30 A.M.–4:00 P.M. January 8, 9:00 A.M.–6:00 P.M.; Saturday, be accessible via a link on the AHA annual Onsite member registration will be $179 January 9, 9:00 A.M.–6:00 P.M.; and Sunday, meeting page (www.historians.org/annual). members, $200 nonmembers, $79 student January 10, 9:00 A.M.–12:00 P.M. Meeting attendees are encouraged to use the Internet services provided in their hotel rooms and other public locations. Extensive information about the availability and price of Internet The 2010 Presidential Address: services, including free WiFi options, is posted “An American Album, 1857” on the web site. A limited number of Internet terminals will also be available in the Marriott’s AHA President Laurel Thatcher Ulrich (Harvard Univ.) will deliver her presidential ad- Marriott Hall during Job Center hours. The dress at the 124th annual meeting of the Association on Friday, January 8, 2010, in the system will be the designated form of com- Elizabeth Ballroom F of the Manchester Grand Hyatt San Diego. Apropos the address, munication for those using the Job Center, entitled “An American Album, 1857,” which she will deliver after the presentation of the and interviewers and interviewees can use it AHA’s awards and honors that evening, President Ulrich writes: to schedule and confi rm interviews. AHA staff answering the phones at the meeting will be s Norman Furniss long ago observed, “The year 1857 was a busy one for Americans.” able to post messages for attendees directly The Dred Scott decision, the constitutional crisis in Kansas, and a fi nancial panic A into the system. Attendees will be able to sign made it a landmark year. In the midst of all this, President James Buchanan sent up to receive an SMS/cell phone text message one-sixth of the nation’s troops to Utah to put down a supposed rebellion. His act alert when they have a new message. Persons seemed justifi ed once word reached the east that more than a hundred California- with messages waiting will be able to use any bound immigrants had been slaughtered in the southern part of the Territory. Internet-connected computer to log in using a In the context of these events, I have chosen to focus on an improbable source—a password that will be printed on their badges. massive “album quilt” made in 1857 by the Salt Lake City Female Relief Society. My There will be a Wireless Café in the objectives are to demonstrate the importance of women’s history, the usefulness of arti- Hyatt’s Worthington’s Foyer on the second facts as historical sources, and the interconnectedness in a single year of local, national, fl oor, open 24 hours a day, from 12 noon on and world events. Thursday, January 7 through 1:00 P.M. on Sunday, January 10.

2 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 Meal Ticket Cashier ickets for meal events—except those Tsponsored by organizations that sell National History Education their own tickets—will be available from the meal ticket cashiers at the “Meal Ticket Clearinghouse Workshop Cashier” counter in the Hyatt’s Douglas Pavilion A. All payments must be made Saturday, January 9, 8:30 A.M.–3:00 P.M. in U.S. currency. Meal ticket cashiers will Marriott San Diego, Ballroom C have a list of all luncheons and the CWH breakfast, and whether the sponsoring orga- Sponsored by the AHA Teaching Division nizations will have tickets available for sale at the annual meeting. A limited number of tickets for the annual he National History Education Breakfast Meeting of the AHA Committee on Clearinghouse was created by Women Historians will be available through Tthe Center for History and New the cashiers on a fi rst-come, fi rst-served Media, George Mason University, and the basis. These tickets will be $36. Breakfast Stanford History Education Group, Stanford University, in partnership with the tickets prepaid through the meeting prereg- American Historical Association and the National History Center, with funding istration form are printed with the attendee’s from the U.S. Department of Education (Contract Number ED-07-CO-0088). badge and can be removed to present to the The web site is http://teachinghistory.org. ticket collector at the door. Nine luncheons will be held during the 8:30–9:00 A.M. Coffee 12:00–12:15 P.M. Break annual meeting, four on Friday, January 8, and fi ve on Saturday, January 9. 9:00–9:15 A.M. Introduction 12:15–1:15 P.M. History, Speaker: Karen Halttunen, Education, and Public Policy: Schedule of University of Southern California, 1998–2011 California and vice president, Speaker: Thomas P. Adams, Cur- Luncheon Meetings AHA Teaching Division riculum Frameworks and Instructional Friday, January 8 Resources Division 9:15–9:45 A.M. American Society of Church History Clearinghouse Demonstration 1:15–1:45 P.M. Talking about Conference on Asian History Speaker: Teresa DeFlitch, Outreach Coordinator, National History Text: Engaging Students in Conference on Latin American History Education Clearinghouse Historical Analysis Organization of History Teachers Speaker: Daisy Martin, co-director, 9:45–10:45 A.M. National History Education Saturday, January 9 Teaching the “New” Military Clearinghouse History with Social History: American Catholic Historical 1:45–2:00 P.M. Break Association New Subjects, New Techniques Speaker: Christopher Hamner, AHA Modern European History Section 2:00–3:00 P.M. Resources to George Mason University College Board Teach about Immigration Coordinating Council for Women from a West Coast Perspective 10:45–11:00 A.M. Break in History Speakers: Emma D. Hipolito, Society for Historians of American University of California, 11:00 A.M.–12:00 P.M. Foreign Relations Los Angeles Teaching about Immigration to Immigrants, Children of Miguel Morales, Los Angeles Unifi ed School District Please see the Program, pages 56–57 and Immigrants, and Non-Immigrants 89, for locations and details on luncheon Speaker: George J. Sanchez, University speakers and topics. of Southern California

Sharon K. Tune is the AHA’s convention director.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 3 The 124th Annual Meeting Corrections to the 2010 Annual Meeting Program

Please note the following corrections to the offered on Thursday, January 7, 3:00–5:00 Gabriela Ramos (Newnham Coll., Univ. annual meeting Program. Page numbers refer P.M., in the Hyatt’s Manchester Ballroom A of Cambridge) replaces Mariana L. Dantas to the print Program, and are noted for ad- (Session 1, p. 37). (Ohio Univ.) on the session “Making Race in ditional details. Miriam Smith (York Univ.) has withdrawn the ‘Island’ City: Migration, Vassalage, and from the session “Land of the Free and Home Trade in Colonial Latin America,” offered AHA Program of the Brave: Same-Sex Marriage in Canada” in the Thursday, January 7, 3:00–5:00 P.M. Committee Sessions (Session 2, p. 37). The session is scheduled for time period. Prof. Ramos’s paper is entitled Thursday, January 7, 3:00–5:00 P.M. in the “Mi Tierra: Indigenous Migrants and Lynn Dumenil (Occidental Coll.) Hyatt’s Manchester Ballroom G and is spon- Their Hometowns in the Colonial Andes,” replaces Ellen C. Dubois (UCLA) as chair sored by the AHA Working Group for His- (Session 26, joint with the Conference on and Joanne Passet (Indiana Univ. East) as torical Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage, Latin American History, p. 41). commentator in the Presidential Session the AHA Professional Division, and the Fabricio Prado’s new affi liation is “Misbehaving Women: Sex Radicals and Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Roosevelt University. Prof. Prado is present- Nonconformists Who Made U.S. History” Transgender History. ing the paper “Departing without Leaving: The Luso-Brazilians under the Spanish Rule in Rio de la Plata, 1777–1808” in Session 31, “Migrations in the Early Modern Atlantic World,” scheduled in the Hyatt’s Locations of Annual Elizabeth Ballroom G on Thursday, January 7, 3:00–5:00 P.M. (p. 42). Meeting Events Antoinette Burton (Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) has withdrawn as chair and commentator of the session “Recursive Subjects: Sexuality and the 'State' in South AHA Sessions Manchester Grand Hyatt Asia,” offered in the Saturday, January 9, 2:30- and San Diego Marriott 4:30 P.M. timeslot (Session 176, p. 90, spon- Affi liated Societies Events Manchester Grand Hyatt sored with the AHA Professional Division). and San Diego Marriott Elise S. Lipkowitz’s new affi liation is University of Michigan. Prof. Lipkowitz AHA Headquarters / Staff Offi ce Hyatt, Show Room II will be a panelist on the session “Grants and Fellowships: Want an Edge to Funding Press Offi ce Hyatt, Betsy C Your Opportunities?” (Session 75, p. 59) and will present the poster “The Geography LAC Offi ce Hyatt, Betsy A/B of Transnational Scientifi c Correspondence during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Job Center Marriott, Marriott Hall Era” (Session 205–15, p. 97). Francis Shor (Wayne State Univ.) has Exhibit Hall Hyatt, Douglas Pavilion withdrawn from the session “Educational Equality and the Civil Rights Movement: AHA Meeting Registration Hyatt, Douglas Pavilion A Freedom Schools, Head Start, and the Supreme Court,” scheduled in the Marriott’s Meal Ticket Cashiers Hyatt, Douglas Pavilion A Point Loma Room on Saturday, January 9, Information Booth Hyatt, Douglas Pavilion A 2:30–4:30 P.M. (Session 182, p. 91). Philippa Levine (Univ. of Southern Wireless Café Hyatt, Worthington's Foyer California) replaces Zöe Laidlaw (Royal Holloway, Univ. of London) as chair and Internet and Messaging Center Marriott, Marriott Hall commentator of the session “Imperial

4 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 Networks: Global Links, Identities, and Ideologies,” scheduled for Saturday, January 9, 2:30–4:30 P.M. in the Marriott’s Marina AHA Poster Session Ballroom Salon F (Session 199, p. 95). Saturday, January 9, 2:30 p.m. Session 240, “Historical and Internation- Manchester Grand Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E al Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage,” has been cancelled (p. 111). ffered for the fi fth time at the 2010 annual meeting, this poster session provides a venue for the newest developing historical research. Though relatively new Laurence Fontaine (École des Hautes Oto the humanities, poster sessions have long been utilized at professional Études en Sciences Sociales) replaces Kirsi meetings in scientifi c fi elds. On sessions with several panel participants, audience Vainio-Korhonen (Univ. of Turku) on the interaction is limited to brief discussion periods—usually only a few people are able session “Female Entrepreneurs in Eigh- to ask questions and each presenter may not have time to discuss their research fully. teenth-Century European Towns” sched- The two-hour poster session addresses this common problem, allowing for considered uled for Sunday, January 10, in the 11:00 dialogue and engaging interaction. The 2010 Program Committee encourages all meeting attendees to visit the poster A.M.–1:00 P.M. time period. Her paper is sessions on display in the Hyatt’s Elizabeth Ballroom E. The following presenters will be entitled “Women as Brokers in Petty Finance available to discuss their posters between 2:30 and 4:30 P.M. on Saturday, January 9: in Eighteenth-Century Paris” (Session 245, p. 112; joint session with the Society for the 205-1. Who Were Chicago’s Musicians? A 205-11. The University of Southern Califor- Study of Early Modern Women). Demographic Study of Musician Life from nia Shoah Foundation Institute’s Digital Video 1940 through 1979 Archive: Searching through Nearly 52,000 Amy Absher, Univ. of Washington Video Testimonies of Holocaust Survivors and Affi liated Society Mariana Gatzeva, Univ. of British Columbia Other Witnesses Karen Jungblut, Shoah Foundation 205-2. Splendor on a Schooner: Textile Sessions and Events Institute, Univ. of Southern California Adornment of the Gilded Age Rachel Bennette (Middlebury Coll.) M. Lynn Barnes, West Virginia Univ. 205-12. Transnational Encounters in Music: replaces Paul Monod (Middlebury Coll.) Eduard Zuckmayer and the Modernization of as chair and commentator of the session 205-3. A Graphical Web Application Show- Music Education in Turkey, 1924–72 ing Ruling Families of the World “Becoming Political: German Catholics and Pelin Kadercan, Univ. of Rochester Andrew P. Bartlett, Univ. of Colorado Politics from the End of the Old Reich to 205-13. Travel Snapshot: Holy Land Tourism Weimar,” planned for Thursday, January 7, 205-4. Reconstructing Childhood through during the British Mandate, 1918–48 Oral Histories: Germans from Russia on the 3:00–5:00 P.M. in the Hyatt’s Emma Room Hillary Kaell, Harvard Univ. Northern Plains A. The session is sponsored by the New Jessica Clark, North Dakota State Univ. 205-14. Politics of Cartography: Mapping England Historical Association (p. 45). Tokdo/Takeshima between Korea and Japan 205-5. Using New Media to Map the His- Jinhee Lee, Eastern Illinois Univ. Andreas Oberhofer (Univ. of Innsbruck) tory of the Information Economy replaces Florian Huber (Univ. of Inns- Alexander Stuart Cummings, Vassar College 205-15. The Geography of Transnational Sci- bruck) on the session, “The Identity of the entifi c Correspondence during the Revolutionary 205-6. Toils of Empire: Medicine, and Napoleonic Era Tyrol: A Borderland of Mountains, Valleys, “Malingering,” and Indian Indentured Labor Elise S. Lipkowitz, Univ. of Michigan and Passes,” sponsored by the Conference in Natal, South Africa 1860–1910 Group for Central European History. He Karen E. Flint, University of North 205-16. Teaching with Archives: Landscapes of will deliver the paper “The Tyrolean ‘Hero’: Carolina at Charlotte Southern California Mary Miller, Univ. of California, Los Angeles Andreas Hofer (1767–1810) as a Unifying 205-7. Planting the Modern Roots of Terror: History-Geography Project Figure for the Concept of a ‘Tyrolean Germany and the Invention of Fine Wine in Matthew Roth, Automobile Club Nation.’” The session is scheduled for the Nineteenth Century of Southern California Friday, January 8, from 9:30–11:30 A.M. in Kevin D. Goldberg, Univ. of California, Morgan P. Yates, Automobile Club the Hyatt, America’s Cup B (p. 55). Los Angeles of Southern California Miao Feng (NYU) has revised her paper 205-8. Organizing Personal Infl uence for Polit- 205-17. Can’t Afford It but We’ll Buy It: The ical Use: The Case of the National Association title to “Constructing the ‘Bitterly Laboring Foreign Business of Advertising Agricultural of Manufacturers and Anti-Injunction Bills in Machinery in Argentine Revistas, 1850–1940 Masses’ (laoku dazhong): Literary Represen- Congress, 1902–1914 Yovanna Y. Pineda, Saint Michael’s Coll. tations of the Experience of Everyday Life in Vilja Hulden, Univ. of Arizona 1930s China” for the session “Whither China: 205-18. Swimming against the Tide: Milton 205-9. Paris under Water: How the City of Intellectual Discourses on the Problems Gonçalves’ Struggle for Racial Inclusion in Brazil Light Survived the Great Flood of 1910 Elaine P. Rocha, Univ. of the West Indies of the Urban and the Rural in 1910–40s Jeffrey H. Jackson, Rhodes Coll. at Cave Hill China,” scheduled for Sunday, January 10, 205-10. The Pacifi c Mail Steamship Company 11:00 A.M.–1:00 P.M. in the Hyatt, America’s 205-19. “A’s for the Athletic Girl”: Types of and the Los Angeles Region in the Nineteenth Century Cup A. The session is sponsored by Chinese Schoolgirls in British and American Juvenile Fiction Karen Jenks, Univ. of California, Irvine Nancy G. Rosoff, Rutgers Univ.-Camden Historians in the United States (p. 118). Stephanie M. Spencer, Univ. of Winchester

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 5 AHA Film Festival

Screening 1: Thursday, January 7, 5:30–7:30 P.M. Screening 4: Saturday, January 9, 11:00 A.M.–1:00 P.M. Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D Ruins WORLD PREMIERE: Manifest Destiny: To Conquer or Redeem Jesse Lerner, director (1999) Sharon Wood, producer and director (Lucasfi lm, 2009) Jesse Lerner’s Ruins is a hybrid fi lm that blurs the line between fi ction and documentary, and melds culturally skewed To Conquer or Redeem tells the dramatic story of the Spanish- anthropological fi lms, staged scenes, and documentation about American and U.S.-Philippine wars in the context of continental a Mexican antiquities forger to question not only the traditional expansion and conquest. As Part One of Manifest Destiny, a reception and understanding of pre-Columbian culture, but also documentary series on U.S. foreign policy, this fi lm tracks the our very assumptions of historical truth as mediated through the evolving role of exceptionalism as a rebellious colony grew into a camera lens. continental power and then an overseas empire. You’ll never see William McKinley—or these wars—the same way again. Matthew Restall (Penn State Univ., and editor, Ethnohistory) will introduce the fi lm, and director Jesse Lerner will be present Mark Bradley (Univ. of Chicago) will introduce the fi lm, and to participate in the post-screening discussion led by Professor Sharon Wood will be present to participate in the post-screening Restall. discussion led by Professor Bradley.

Screening 2: Friday, January 8, 12:00–2:00 P.M. Screening 5: Saturday, January 9, 2:30–4:30 P.M. Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D 2009 John O’Connor Film Award Winner: Ararat Herskovits at the Heart of Blackness Atom Egoyan, director, writer (Miramax Films, 2002) Vincent Brown, Christine Herbes-Sommers, and Llewellyn Smith, Atom Egoyan’s thought-provoking fi lm compels us to experience producers. Executive Producer for ITVS Sally Jo Fifer [Vital the toxicity of genocide and the ways it continues to cast shadows Pictures and the Independent Television Service (ITVS), 2009] on the lives of Armenians and others years after its bloody Herskovits at the Heart of Blackness is a thought-provoking unfolding. Its harrowing aftershocks animate a movie maker, documentary about Herskovits’s foundational contributions to an art history professor, a confused young Armenian, and a anthropology, African American history, and cultural studies as screenplay writer as they explore what it means to them. Their well as the continuing intellectual relevance of his work. The ideas and ideals are tested by others who have no connection authors have imaginatively combined archival fi lm footage with the genocide but who serve as catalysts to their struggle to (some shot by Herskovits himself), photographs, animation, come to terms with what happened so long ago. and re-enactments. The result is a highly effective use of the Laurence Baron (California State Univ., San Diego) will visual medium of fi lm, especially in the fast-paced accumulation introduce the fi lm and lead a discussion afterward. of profound questions at the end of the documentary and in the segment concerning the 1969 storming of the African Studies Association by black activists, which productively recalls Chris Screening 6: Saturday, January 9, 5:00–7:00 P.M. Marker’s seminal photo-essay, La Jetée. Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D Tabu: A Story of the South Seas Screening 3: Friday, January 8, 4:30–6:30 P.M. F.W. Murnau, director, writer, and producer; Robert Flaherty, Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D writer and producer (Kino International, 1931) An Island Calling Tabu started out as a collaboration of two of the most Annie Goldson, producer/writer/director; Owen Scott, writer; distinguished fi lmmakers of the 1920s, F.W. Murnau and R.J. Theresa Koroivulaono, consultant (Occasional Productions, Flaherty. Completed by Murnau and shot on locations in Tahiti, 2008) Bora Bora, and Morea, the fi lm tells the story of a young Pacifi c island couple falling in love and thereby violating a local taboo. On July 1, 2001, prominent couple John Scott and his partner Tabu, released in 1931 just days after Murnau’s untimely death, Greg Scrivener were murdered in their Suva, Fiji home. This fi lm was rightly called “the apogee of the art of silent fi lm.” It was traces the extraordinary and colorful story of the Scott family, the often interpreted as a commentary on Hollywood by two drop- political crises that have marked Fiji’s recent history, the killings and outs of the studio system, but it also establishes—in beautiful their aftermath, and the complex mix of tribal authority, ethnicity, images—a powerful argument for inevitable tragedy. Screened Christianity, and democracy that exist in the postcolonial Pacifi c. courtesy of Kino International, kino.com. Filmmaker Annie Goldson (Univ. of Auckland), Vilsoni Hereniko Olaf Stieglitz (Muenster Univ.) and Massimo Perinelli (Univ. (Univ. of Hawai’i at Manoa), and Tarcicius Kabutaulaka (Univ. of of Cologne) will introduce the fi lm and lead a discussion Hawai’i at Manoa) will introduce the fi lm and lead a discussion afterward. afterward. The screening is co-sponsored by the AHA Working Group for Historical Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage and the Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History.

6 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 3:00–5:00 P.M. 19. Popular Sovereignty and Its Global Manifestations THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 3:00–5:00 P.M. Hyatt, Gregory A AFTERNOON SESSIONS OF THE AHA AFTERNOON SESSIONS OF AHA PROGRAM COMMITTEE 20. Envisioning and Exploiting Ocean Resources AFFILIATED SOCIETIES Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I 1. Misbehaving Women: Sex Radicals and American Catholic Historical Association Session 1: Nonconformists Who Made U.S. History 21. The Mandate of Heaven at the Local Level in Formation in the Early Church Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A Imperial China Hyatt, Annie A Hyatt, Edward C 2. Land of the Free and Home of the Brave: American Society of Church History Session 1: Same-Sex Marriage in Canada 22. The Sea Changes of Early Modern Worlds Discussing Jeffrey Cox’s The British Missionary Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B Enterprise since 1700 Marriott, Chicago Room 3. Is Google Good for History? 23. Race, Labor, and War: Transnational Linkages Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D Between the United States and Australia American Society of Church History Session 2: Hyatt, Edward D Theologians, Preachers, and Prophets: Religious 4. Contested Confl uences and Disputed Leaders in America Developments: Changing the Course of United 24. The People’s Technology: Popular Uses and Marriott, Torrey 3 States Water Policy in the Environmental Era Perceptions of Technology under Communism Marriott, Del Mar Room Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C American Society of Church History Session 3: Life on the Fringes: Biography and the Changing 5. Connecting the American West: Constructing 25. Visualizing the Environment in Latin America Face of Eighteenth-Century Pietism American-Pacifi c, Borderlands, and Cascadian Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon C Marriott,Torrey 3 Imaginaries Marriott, Manchester Ballroom E 26. Making Race in the “Island” City: Migration, American Society of Church History Session 4: Vassalage, and Trade in Colonial Latin America History of Biblical Interpretation 6. Imagining the Future(s) of History(ies) Hyatt, Edward A Marriott,Torrey 1 Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon A 27. The Roman Catholic-National Socialist Chinese Historians in the United States Session 1: 7. Breaching Exclusion’s Walls: New Approaches Relationship Revisted China’s Infl uence in Southeast Asia during the Cold to Immigration Restriction, Border Control, Hyatt, Molly B War and Its Refl ections in Today’s History Education and Racial Categories Hyatt, America’s Cup A Marriott, Point Loma Room 28. Teaching the Survey: Integrated Approaches to World, U.S., and California History Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and 8. African Americans and the Civil War: New Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon E Transgender History Session 3: Constructing Sources, New Perspectives Imagined Communities: The Impact of Cultural Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon D 29. Continental Passions: Latin American (Homo) Production on Gay and Lesbian Identities in Sexualities in the Modern Era Canada and the United States 9. Science and Empire in the Spanish Atlantic: Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon F Natural History Investigations in the Marriott, Carlsbad Room Eighteenth-Century Spanish Empire 30. Islands of Power in Colonial Mexico: Conference on Latin American History Session 4: Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A Snapshots of Indigenous Politics and Anarchism and Transnational History in Latin Community Life from the Mixtec, Nahua, 10. Neither Land Nor Sea: Coasts in Human History America and the Caribbean, 1880s–1930s: A and Zapotec People Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F Roundtable Discussion Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H Hyatt, America’s Cup B 11. Mediterranean Modern: Global Currents, 31. Migrations in the Early Modern Atlantic World Local Encounters Conference on Latin American History Session 5: Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G Marriott, Santa Rosa Room Imperial Rule and Colonial Agency in Bourbon 32. Vampires: Dead, Undead, and Rumored Undead Río de la Plata 12. Citizenship and Property Rights: Gender Hyatt, America’s Cup C and the Allotment of Native American Hyatt, Edward B Reservations 33. Constructing and Deconstructing the Cold Conference on Latin American History Session 6: Marriott, Santa Rosa Room War Consensus Working, Producing, and Buying in Modern Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B Latin America 13. Crossing the Electronic Rubicon: Navigating Hyatt, America’s Cup D the Challenges and Opportunities Presented 34. Seas, Islets, Peninsulas: Using the Periphery to by Archival Records Created and Stored Inform Teaching of Global History Disability History Association Session 1: Exclusively in Digital Format Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon G Rethinking American Disability Movement History Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon B Hyatt, Maggie Room 35. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking the 14. Toward a New U. S. Imperial History H-Net Humanities and Social Sciences Online Atlantic Worlds, Part 1: Mirages of Freedom Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C Session: Teaching Sourcing by Bridging Digital in Atlantic Post-Slave Societies Libraries and Electronic Student Assignments 15. After the Visual Turn: Re-assessing How Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F Mattiott, Cardiff Room Historians Look at Photographs Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H

16. Rural Youth and the Modern American State Hyatt, Gregory B

17. An Empire in Transit: The British Empire, Afﬁ liated Societies 1780–1880 Elizabeth Foyer on the Hyatt’s second level has been reserved from 11:30 A.M. to 2:30 Marrtott, Leucadia Room P.M. on Friday, January 8, for afﬁ liated societies to display materials and to meet with 18. Film Historiography and the Geographies of members of the profession. American Memory Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 7 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

New England Historical Association Session: 46. Language, History, Knowledge: Indigenous 65. Aquatic Circulations: The Indian Ocean and Becoming Political: German Catholics and Language, Colonial Historiographies, and the Global Worlds of Oceanic Slave Trades, Politics from the End of the Old Reich to Weimar Historical Interpretation Seventeenth to Nineteenth Centuries Hyatt, Emma A Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I

Society for Medieval Feminist Scholarship Session 47. History and the Roaming Genome 66. Competing Notions of Modern Womanhood in 1: Threads of Power, Violence, and Reputation: The Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B Twentieth-Century Lebanon, Egypt, and Cuba Experiences of Women in the Crown of Aragon Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G Marriott, Coronado Room 48. Peyote: Cultural Uses and Political Responses in Mexico, Sixteenth through Nineteenth Centuries 67. One Hundred Years of Crisis: Centennial Hyatt, Edward C Refl ections on the NAACP, Its Magazine, and THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 5:30–7:30 P.M. Its Place in American History 49. Multiple and Intimate Wests: Conquest in the Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon F AHA FILM FESTIVAL Everyday Lives of Southwestern Women 68. Is It All Black and White? Racial Politics and World Premiere of Manifest Destiny: Hyatt, Molly B the Right in the 1970s To Conquer or Redeem Marriott, Leucadia Room Randle Ballroom D 50. The Seductive Voice: Radio and Gender Performance in France, the United States, and 69. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking the the Río de la Plata, 1930s–40s Atlantic Worlds, Part 2: Slavery, Migration, and THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 8:00–10:00 P.M. Hyatt, Gregory B Resistance: Atlantic Perspectives and Interactions OPENING OF THE 124TH 51. Mutiny Beyond the Line: Sexual Subjugation Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F ANNUAL MEETING in the White Supremacist South and the Presiding: Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, Harvard Univ. African American Sedition, 1930–51 FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 9:30–11:30 A.M. Marriott, Santa Rosa Room Plenary Session: Musical Encounters in the Early MORNING SESSIONS OF AHA Atlantic: An Exploratory Performance 52. German History in Documents and Images, AFFILIATED SOCIETIES Elizabeth Ballroom F 1500–2006: A New Online Resource Alcohol and Drugs History Society Session 1: Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon A Alcohol, War, Consumption, and Regulation in FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 7:30–9:00 A.M. 53. Connecting Historical Thinking Skills With Twentieth-Century France Content in AP U.S. History Marriott, Century City Room BREAKFAST MEETING OF THE AHA MINORITY Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon E HISTORIANS COMMITTEE American Catholic Historical Association Session Hyatt, Windsor B 54. Making History on the Water 2: New Perspectives on American Catholicism in the Revolutionary Era Hyatt, Edward B Hyatt, Annie B FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 9:30–11:30 A.M. 55. Inventing China’s “Inseparable Parts”: American Catholic Historical Association Session Borderland Incorporation from Tibet to MORNING SESSIONS OF THE AHA 3: How Scholarly Were Religious Women in the Taiwan in the Twentieth Century PROGRAM COMMITTEE Middle Ages? (Nuns and Others) Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E Hyatt, Annie A 36. Interviewing in the Job Market in the Twenty-First Century 56. Christian-Muslim Relations in the Age of the American Italian Historical Association Session: Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon B Crusades: Toward a Synthesis Race, Gender, and Italian American Working- Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H Class Politics in the United States, 1880–1930 37. Across and Between Revolutions in the Marriott, Coronado Room Transatlantic World 57. Coastal Fisheries, Island Cities, and Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A Continental Boundaries: Pan-American Dreams American Society of Church History Session 6: and Environmental Realities in Latin America Refl ections on Mission History in Recognition 38. Marriage, Race and Sexuality in the Atlantic World Marriott, Columbia 2 of the Bicentennial of the American Board of Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G Commissioners for Foreign Missions 58. Education through the Eye, Education of the Marriott, Columbia 1 39. Roundtable in Celebration of Blanche Wiesen Cook Eye: Global Histories of Visual Pedagogy Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H American Society of Church History Session 7: Billy Graham’s Signifi cance in American Religious 40. Humanities in the Digital Age, Part 1: Humanities 59. What Has Obama Learned from History? A in the Digital Age, Part 1: Digital Poster Session History Roundtable on Politics, Economy, and Society Marriott, Torrey 2 Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon G Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon C 41. Translating TAH in a Rural Setting Using American Society of Church History Session 8: 60. No History Left Behind Kentucky State Standards Darwin, Racism, and National Identity Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon D Marriott, Columbia 3 61. The Way We See It—Teens and Immigration, 42. War, Religion, and American National Identity American Society of Church History Session 9: Students as Historiographers Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B Scripture and Tradition among Post-Restoration Marriott, Torrey 3 Dissenters 43. Oceans Apart? Global Infl uences on Marriott, Torrey 1 Progressive-Era American Politics and Thought 62. Port Cities and Urban Identity Hyatt, Edward D Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D Chinese Historians in the United States Session 2: Hidden Treasure: Literature as Historical Source 44. Filipino/a Diasporas in Historical Perspective 63. Culture and Society in Cold War Mexico Hyatt, America’s Cup A Mariott, Solana Room Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C Conference Group for Central European History 45. Performing the Nation, Recreating Identities: 64. Prurient Politics: Sexuality and Obscenity in Session 2: The Identity of the Tyrol: A Borderland Theater and Modern Latin American History the Twentieth-Century United States of Mountains, Valleys, and Passes Marriott, Point Loma Room Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom E Hyatt, America’s Cup B

8 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

Conference on Latin American History Session 10: 74. Sites of Encounter: World History 94. “A Spectacle unto the World”: Suffering, Pain, People on the Move: Migration, Emancipation, Professional Development in Southern and Martyrdom in Colonial North America and the Formation of a Black Atlantic California Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C Hyatt, America’s Cup C Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon D 95. Music, War, and Commemoration Conference on Latin American History Session 11: 75. Grants and Fellowships: Want an Edge to Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B Spanish American Armies, Independence, and Funding Your Opportunities? 96. Racial and Religious Discourses in Colonial Society: The Transition from Empire to Republics Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon C and Post-Colonial Latin America: A Tribute to Hyatt, America’s Cup D 76. Intellectuals and National Identities during Stuart B. Schwartz, Part 1 Conference on Latin American History Session the Great War Marriott, Torrey 3 Hyatt, Edward D 12: Presidential Roundtable: Turning Your 97. A Sideways Look at Family History: Sibling Dissertation into a Book 77. How Relevant Is the History of Capitalism? Relations in England and America, 1700–1860 Hyatt, Cunningham A Hyatt, Edward C Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H

Disability History Association Session 2: 78. Teaching and Talking in Public about the 98. Rethinking World History: A Roundtable Disability in Global Perspective African History of Capoeira in Brazil Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon F Hyatt, Emma A Hyatt, Gregory B 99. Polynesian Experimental Canoe Voyaging Forum on European Expansion and Global 79. Barack Obama and the American Democratic and Revival Interaction Session 1: Globalizing the Middle Ages Tradition Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E Hyatt, Maggie Room Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G 100. Queering Youth in America: The Challenge of Society for Spanish and Portuguese Historical 80. Women, Nationalism, and Resistance to Historicizing Same-Sex Adolescent Desire Studies Session: Cruzando el charco/Crossing Colonialism in the Caribbean and Paciﬁ c Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon A the Ocean: Joseph Blanco White and the Birth of Marriott, Solana Room 101. Rethinking the Black Atlantic: Race, Gender, Spanish and Spanish American Liberalism 81. Identity Documentation and the Modern Authority, and Mobility Hyatt, Madeleine A Western State Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G Western Association of Women Historians Marriott, Point Loma Room 102. Space and Place in Spanish America: Session: The History of Women in the West: The Experiences, Practices, and Narratives 82. Talking about Teaching American Women’s Production of Knowledge and Memorializing Hyatt, Edward A History: Ideas, Innovations, Ideologies Hyatt, Madeleine B Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A 103. American History through East Asian Lenses: Anti-Americanism, Exceptionalisms, and 83. Drugs in Chains: The Illicit Commodity in Abraham Lincoln FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 12:00–2:00 P.M. World History Hyatt, Gregory A AHA FILM FESTIVAL Marriott, Santa Rosa Room 104. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking the 84. New Directions in History and Anthropology 2009 John O’Connor Film Award Winner: Atlantic Worlds, Part 3: Gender, Family, and Marriott, Leucadia Room Herskovits at the Heart of Blackness Race in the British and French Caribbean Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D 85. Rethinking Southern California’s Built Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F Environment Marriott, Columbia 2 FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 1:00–2:00 P.M. FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 2:30–4:30 P.M. 86. American Orientalisms AHR OPEN FORUM AFTERNOON SESSIONS OF AHA Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D Meet the Editors and Staff of the American AFFILIATED SOCIETIES Historical Review 87. Visions of America: Teaching the American American Catholic Historical Association Session Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D Survey Course from a Visual Perspective Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H 4: The Holy See, Nazi Germany, and Fascist Italy Reappraised FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 2:30–4:30 P.M. 88. Rethinking the Meanings of Race and Biography Hyatt, Annie A Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon E AFTERNOON SESSIONS OF THE AHA American Catholic Historical Association Session PROGRAM COMMITTEE 89. Familia e Emigración: Rethinking Gender, 5: The Discovery of Mary Migration, and Social Networks in the U.S.- Hyatt, Annie B 70. Generations of Historians/Generation of Mexico Borderlands, 1940–52 History: Roundtable Discussion by Members Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom E American Society of Church History Session 11 / of Multi-Generational Families in the Society for Reformation Research Session 1: Female Saints and Sanctity in the Protestant Tradition Historical Profession 90. Julfan Armenian Networks of Circulation in the Early Modern World Marriott, Torrey 1 Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I American Society of Church History Session 12: 71. Gay Marriage and Proposition 8: Reﬂ ections 91. Cultural Environmentalism in the American Religion, Politics, and Dissent in the English Church Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D West Marriott, Torrey 2 Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F 72. The Politics of Marriage in Comparative American Society of Church History Session 13: Perspective: Imperial Legacies in Early 92. Cities, Oceans, and Community in the British New Perspectives on Religion and the American America and Colonial India Empire Revolution Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C Hyatt, Edward B Marriott, Columbia 3

73. Humanities in the Digital Age, Part 2: A 93. Global Governance (Real and Imagined) since American Society of Church History Session 14: Hands-On Workshop World War II Changing Attitudes toward Women Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon G Hyatt, Molly B Marriott, Columbia 1

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 9 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

Chinese Historians in the United States Session 3: Conference of Latin American History Session 19: SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 9:00–11:00 A.M. Domestic and Foreign Policy during the Cultural Central American Studies Committee: Revolution Independence in Central America: Trends and MORNING SESSIONS OF THE AHA Hyatt, America’s Cup A Transitions in Scholarship PROGRAM COMMITTEE Hyatt, Cunningham B Community College Humanities Association Session/ 105. Fashioned Textiles, Domestic Forms: Histories and Practice from Cross-Cultural National Endowment for the Humanities Session: Conference on Latin American History Session 20: Perspectives Transcendental Utopias and Social Action in the Nine- Mexican Studies Committee: Mexican Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A teenth Century: Scholarship from the NEH Land- Necropolitics? Roundtable on Thinking, Writing, marks Workshop for Community College Teachers and Teaching about Violence 106. Access Denied: Comparative Biopolitical Hyatt, Madeleine A Hyatt, America’s Cup C Perspectives on Marriage Restriction Coordinating Council for Women in History Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G Session 3: Obama’s Economic Liberalism: Historical 107. A World of Hurt: Medieval Marriage Practice Perspectives on Race, Gender, and Economic Policy FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 5:30– 6:30 P.M. and Law in a Century of Crisis Marriott, Torrance Room AHA GRADUATE AND EARLY CAREER Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A Disability History Association Session 3: COMMITTEE OPEN FORUM 108. Whither History PhD Programs? The Constructing a National Body: Disability, Race, Hyatt, Randle Ballroom B Education of Historians Report after Five Years and Gender in the United States Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon D Hyatt, Emma A 109. Underground Archives of Native FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 7:00–8:30 P.M. German Historical Institute Session 2: Immigrant American and African American History Entrepreneurship in History: Concepts and Case LATE EVENING SESSIONS OF AHA Marriott, Santa Rosa Room Studies AFFILIATED SOCIETIES 110. The Art of the Article: Advice on Publishing Marriott, Green Room in Journals in the Twenty-First Century Conference on Latin American History Session 21: National History Center Session 1: Beyond the Storm: Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon A Colonial Studies Committee: Roundtable on Continuity and Change in British Politics, Society, the Atlantic World, Entangled Empires, and 111. They Who Would Be Free: Riots, Rebellions, and Empire in the Aftermath of the Great War Hemispheric Histories: A Critical Assessment of and Revolutions in the Atlantic World Hyatt, Madeleine B Our Current Historical Perspectives Hyatt, Edward A Polish American Historical Association Session 1: Hyatt, America’s Cup D 112.Working Together: A Century of Twentieth-Century Polonia Collaboration between Classroom Conference on Latin American History Session 22: Marriott, Del Mar Room Teachers and University Professors to Brazilian Studies Committee: New Perspectives on Improve History Teaching Society for History in the Federal Government Race, State, and Modernity in Imperial and First Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon E Session: Federal History Careers Inside and Republic Brazil Outside the Beltway Hyatt, America’s Cup A 113. Writing Human Rights History Marriott, Atlanta/Chicago Rooms Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B Conference on Latin American History Session 23: Society for Italian Historical Studies Session 1: Gran Colombia Studies Committee: 114. Animals and Empire: Paciﬁ c Russia, German Social Meaning and Ofﬁ cial Procedure in Early Independence: A Bicentennial Retrospective New Guinea, and World War II Japan Marriott, Columbia 2 Modern Italy Hyatt, Cunningham A Marriott, Carlsbad Room 115. NOLA Rising? Views from a Post- Apocalyptic City FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 8:30–10:30 P.M. Marriott, Leucadia Room FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 4:30– 6:30 P.M. GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN 116. Debating, Defending, and Negotiating the AHA FILM FESTIVAL HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION Spanish “Lake” An Island Calling Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C Elizabeth Ballroom F Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D Presiding: Barbara D. Metcalf, Univ. of 117. Capitalism after the Cultural and Transnational Turns California at Davis, emerita Hyatt, Gregory B FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 4:45–5:45 P.M. Awarding of Prizes 118. Rethinking the Medieval Mediterranean Presidential Address: An American Album, LATE AFTERNOON SESSION OF AHA Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B AFFILIATED SOCIETIES 1857, Laurel Thatcher Ulrich 119. Maritime Labor, Diaspora, and Ethnicity in National History Center: Open Forum the Age of Sail Hyatt, Moshen A Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 7:30–9:00 A.M. 120. World Hunger and the Politics of Poverty: A BREAKFAST MEETING OF THE AHA Dialogue among Historians of Africa, Latin FRIDAY, JANUARY 8, 5:00–7:00 P.M. COMMITTEE ON WOMEN HISTORIANS America, and the United States EARLY EVENING SESSIONS OF AHA Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E Marriott, Solana Room AFFILIATED SOCIETIES 121. Globalization and African Historiography Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F Conference on Latin American History Session SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 8:30 A.M.–3:00 P.M. 18: Caribbean Studies Committee: Why We 122. From Sweetwater to Seawater: Integrating Know What We Know about the Caribbean: Race, NATIONAL HISTORY EDUCATION Terrestrial and Marine Environmental Culture, and the Roots of Disciplinary Knowledge CLEARINGHOUSE WORKSHOP Histories in the Coastal Zone Hyatt, America’s Cup B Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon C Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C

10 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

123. Visualizing the Struggle: The Central Role of American Society of Church History Session 15: SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 11:30 A.M.–1:30 P.M. Images in the Long Civil Rights Movement Recent Research on Samuel Wesley, Rector of Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D Epworth MIDDAY SESSIONS OF THE AHA PROGRAM Marriott, Torrey 1 COMMITTEE 124. Sweeteners and Power: Emerging Histories of Sweetness in the Twentieth-Century United States American Society of Church History Session 16: 137. Ethnicity and Authenticity: Re-Evaluating Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H Religion and Politics in the Eighteenth-Century Iconic Quilts Atlantic World Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A 125. Gender, Sex, and Slavery in East Asia Marriott, Columbia 3 Hyatt, Edward B 138. Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell, Don’t Marry 126. Global Spaces, Communities, and Identities: American Society of Church History Session 17: Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A America, the World, and the Dawn of Religion and Perceptions of Modern America Marriott, Torrey 2 139. Male Couples and the Meanings of Same-Sex Interdependency in the 1970s Love in Turn-of-the-Century Europe and Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G American Society of Church History Session America 127. Traditions, Transformations, and Everyday 18: Rethinking Ritual and Revival in Native- Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F Life: Local Perspectives on the East German Protestant Encounter 140. Becoming Helen Keller: Perspectives and Revolution, 1989–90 Marriott, Columbia 1 Experiences Integrating Disability into U.S. Marriott, Point Loma Room Center for the Study of Film and History Session: Survey, Higher Education, and Secondary 128. Defi ning Citizenship in the Great War: Voyages and Encounters in Film and History School Coursework Impressment, the Draft, and Voting Rights Marriott, Cardiff Room Marriott, Santa Rosa Room Hyatt, Edward C Chinese Historians in the United States Session 141. Open Forum on Public History 129. Selling Books, Spreading News, Seeking 4: Unfi nished Journey: Shaping and Reshaping Hyatt, Mohsen A Readers: Print-Culture Networks in Early Chinese American Identity 142. What Becomes of Print in the Digital Age? America Hyatt, America’s Cup A Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon D Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and 143. The Curious Life of the Post-Doctoral 130. Negotiating the Inca Heritage: Constructing Transgender History Session 5: Carnal Fellow: Making a Post-Doc Work for You Alternative Legacies for Community and Encounters at the Edges of Sinophone Culture Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G Nation in the Nineteenth- and Early Marriott, Carlsbad Room Twentieth-Century Andes 144. Collaborative Historical Research and Funding Hyatt, Molly A Conference on Faith and History Session: Community, Identity, and the Vocation of Laity in Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom E 131. Regions and Islands in the Continental Medieval and Early Modern Christianity History of Africa 145. Dancing across Borders: Gender, Sexuality, Hyatt, Del Mar B Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom E and the Body in the Twentieth Century Marriott, Columbia 2 132. In Vino Veritas: Wine and the Creation of Conference on Latin American History Session National Identities in Modern Europe 26: Ethereal Bodies: Gender and Religion in 146. Learning by Example: Observation and Hyatt, Molly B Mexico and Guatemala Imitation in Colonial Southeast Asian Hyatt, America’s Cup B Empires 133. Fathers of Illegitimate Children in Public Hyatt, Edward A Policy and the Courts: Chile, Brazil, and the National History Center Session 2: Changing Anglophone Caribbean from the Late Nineteenth Interpretations of the French Revolution 147. Unfamiliar and Faraway: The Material to the Early Twenty-First Centuries Hyatt, Madeleine A Culture of Children’s Education about Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon F Foreign Places Organization of History Teachers Session: Book Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B 134. Race, Nation, and Indigeneity in the Talk: American Colonies: The Settling of North Colonial and Postcolonial Pacifi c America (The Penguin History of the United States, 148. Urban Paternalism: Race, Redevelopment, Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I Volume 1), Alan Taylor (Viking/Penguin, 2001) and Criminal Justice in Postwar Urban Hyatt, Mohsen B America 135. Indian Territory in the American Civil War Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B and Reconstruction Polish American Historical Association Session 2: Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon G Scholarly Publishing and e-Journals 149. “Crossing the Beach” in Southeast and East Marriott, Del Mar Room Asia: Redefi ning Sovereignty, Social Mobility, 136. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking Vassalage, and Resistance, 1513–1777 the Atlantic Worlds, Part 4: The Root: Society for Italian Historical Studies Session 2: Marriott, Solana Room Redrawing the Boundaries of Freedom Popular Politics in Early Modern Italy Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F Marriott, Green Room 150. Educating the Citizen: American Colonial Education among Latinos, Hawaiians, Coordinating Council for Women in History SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 9:00–11:00 A.M. and Filipinos Session 4 / Medieval Academy of America Session Hyatt, Gregory B MORNING SESSIONS OF AHA AFFILIATED 4 / Society for Medieval Feminist Scholarship Session 2: Political Constructions of Gender and SOCIETIES 151. Forgotten Chapters of the Black Freedom Female Lords in the Middle Ages Struggle, 1941–60 American Catholic Historical Association Session Marriott, New York/Orlando Rooms Hyatt, Edward B 6: Catholicism in Twentieth-Century America Hyatt, Annie A 152. Islands of Stateness? Authoritarianism and Resistance in Mexico, 1938–68 American Catholic Historical Association Session SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 11:00 A.M.–1:00 P.M. Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C 7 / American Society of Church History Session 19: The Cure of Souls, Liturgy, and Theology in AHA FILM FESTIVAL 153. Berlin, Taiwan, and Guantánamo: Cold War the Middle Ages Ruins Islands of the “New” New Cold War History Hyatt, Annie B Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 11 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

154. Popes, Merchants, Mercenaries, and the SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 11:30 A.M.–1:30 P.M. 180. Boom and Bust Medieval Mediterranean Marriott, Torrey 3 Marriott, Torrey 3 MIDDAY SESSIONS OF THE AHA AFFILIATED SOCIETIES 181. Slavery and the Fall of the Roman Empire: 155. Ideologies of Space Exchanges, Identities, and Ideologies in the Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D American Society of Church History Session 20 / New Mediterranean Society for Reformation Research Session 2: Issues Hyatt, Gregory B 156. Changes in the Sea: Cultural Expectations in Sixteenth-Century Reformation Doctrine and and Coastal Ecosystem Productivity in Exegesis 182. Educational Equality and the Civil Rights Nineteenth-Century Florida, Cape Cod, and Marriott, Columbia 1 Movement: Freedom Schools, Head Start, Gulf of Maine and the Supreme Court Marriott, Point Loma Room Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H American Society of Church History Session 21: Evangelicals, Emotions, and Modernity 183. Beyond the Sea: Cinematic Islands in 157. Global History in the Museum: Representing Marriott, Columbia 3 Continental Fantasies Panama’s Past in Panama and the United States American Society of Church History Session 22: Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom E Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G Gender and Religious Leadership in the Early 184. Reconstruction beyond Black and White Twentieth Century 158. Sexuality and the Counter-Reformation: Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B The Politics of Chastity in the Early Modern Marriott, Torrey 1 Low Countries 185. New Directions in the History of the American Society of Church History Session 23: Automobile in America Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H Heathens, Heroes, and Harbingers in American Marriott, Santa Rosa Room 159. Brazilian Revolutionaries and Transoceanic Protestant Imagination Experiences Marriott, Torrey 2 186. Rescuing History from the Region: Connected and Compared Histories of Japan Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I Chinese Historians in the United States Session 5: and the Middle East The Political Economy of Chinese Development 160. The Law and Its Uses? A View from South Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon G and Western Relations, 1940–80 America Hyatt, America’s Cup A 187. Making War, Shaping Public Opinion: Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon A Domestic Pressure Groups and U.S. Foreign Polish American Historical Association Session 3: Policy in the American Century 161. (Dis)Inheriting Slavery: Property, Power, and Book Session: Rome’s Most Faithful Daughter Belief in the Last Requests of Masters and Slaves Marriott, Leucadia Room Marriott, Del Mar Room Hyatt, Molly A 188. Struggling with Class: Toward a Transnational Frame 162. From Liberal Italy to Fascist Italy and Beyond: SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1:00–4:30 P.M. Perspectives on the Work of Alexander De Grand Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C AFFILIATED SOCIETY TOUR Hyatt, Molly B 189. Historiographical “Turns” in Critical American Society of Church History Session 24: Perspective 163. Sailors, Sex, and the Sea A Tour of San Diego Places of Worship Marriott, Solana Room Hyatt, Edward C Marriott, West Lobby Registration Desk 190. Ocean-Bound: The Role of Voluntary 164. Charting Usable Pasts to and from the Era of Associations and Moral Responsibility in the Black Civil Rights SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 2:30–4:30 P.M. Anglophone Atlantic, 1725–1825 Hyatt, Edward D Hyatt, Molly B AFTERNOON SESSIONS OF THE AHA 165. Revisiting the “Spiritual Conquest”: Religious PROGRAM COMMITTEE 191. U.S. and Transnational Perspectives on the Persecution and Native Resistance in Colonial End of Black Power Mexico 172. Writing on the Water: New Sources for Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D Histories of the Sea Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A 192. Cultural Identity and Political Agency: 166. New Histories of Rice Hawai’ian Kingdom Nationals and 173. Marriage, Gender, and Sexuality in Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon B Navigating a Variety of Political Terrains Transnational Perspective Hyatt, Edward C 167. Coastal Histories of Work, Exile, and Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C 193. The Long History of Servitude, Labor Control, Marginalization on the Indian and Paciﬁ c Oceans 174. Inter-Ethnic Marriage in American Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon F and Imprisonment in the Ibero-American Comparative Perspective World: A Tribute to Stuart B. Schwartz, Part 2 Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B 168. A Sea of Islands: The Paciﬁ c and Other Hyatt, Edward D Oceans in the Wake of Epeli Hau’ofa 175. Reclaiming the Disabled Subject in 194. Four New England Towns Turn Forty: A Portrait Marriott, Point Loma Room Historical Research and Representation of the New Social History in Middle Age Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A 169. Laboring to Build Masculinity in the Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon D American West 176. Recursive Subjects: Sexuality and the “State” 195. Confusing Fusions: Tracing Paths of in South Asia Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon G Globalization around the World Hyatt, Edward A 170. Illuminating the Importance of Islandsb Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G 177. The Campus Visit: Strategies for Success in and Maritime Interaction Points in Islamic 196. Dreaming and Surrendering the Self in the Campus Interview Process Empires, Part 1: The Indian Ocean Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century France Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon A Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon E and England 178. Recent Trends in Renaissance Science Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D 171. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking Hyatt, Edward B the Atlantic Worlds, Part 5: Atlantic Images: 197. Moving beyond 1910: Policy and Propaganda Representations of Slavery and Africans 179. A “Single Ocean”? Connecting Africa and Asia in a Truly Postrevolutionary Mexico Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F Marriott, Columbia 2 Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D

12 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

198. Gender and Space in Mexico and Argentina Conference on Latin American History Session 36: SUNDAY, JANUARY 10, 8:30–10:30 A.M. 1700–1950: Identity, Sociability, and Modernity Race and Nation in Brazil Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H Hyatt, America’s Cup C EARLY MORNING SESSIONS OF THE AHA PROGRAM COMMITTEE 199. Imperial Networks: Global Links, Identities, National History Center Session 3 : What and Ideologies Generations of Historians Learn from One Another 206. Mormonism and National Politics Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon F Hyatt, Madeleine A Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A 200. Holy Water: Expiation, Irrigation, and Polish American Historical Association Session 4: 207. Thinking about Race, Sexuality, and Histories of the Geographical Imaginary Poetry Reading: The Immigrant Experience in Poetry Marriage: A Roundtable on Peggy Pascoe’s Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F Marriott, Del Mar Room What Comes Naturally Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D 201. Rethinking the Queer 1970s: A Roundtable Society for Italian Historical Studies Session 4: on Multiracial, Multi-Issue, and Christians, Muslims, and Monks in Medieval 208. Transatlantic Perspectives on the History of Transnational Politics Southern Italy Disability Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G Marriott, Green Room Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B

202. New Research in the Global History of Pearl Coordinating Council for Women in History 209. Education Accreditation, Teacher Certiﬁ cation, Diving Session 5 / Medieval Academy of America Session and the Role of History Education in the Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I 6 / Society for Medieval Feminist Scholarship University History Department Session 3: Telling Medieval Women’s Stories Marriott, San Diego Ballroom Salon A 203. Illuminating the Importance of Islands Marriott, San Francisco Room and Maritime Interaction Points in Islamic 210. The American 1970s as History? Liberalism, Empires, Part 2: The Mediterranean World Race, and Foreign Policy Marriott, Marina Ballroom Salon E SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 2:30–4:30 P.M. Hyatt, Edward A

204. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking AHA FILM FESTIVAL 211. Across the Atlantic and into the Rain Forest: the Atlantic Worlds, Part 6: North and Ararat Brazil’s Nurses, Tappers, and GIs in World South: Comparative Perspectives on Slavery Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D War II and Aftermath and Abolition in Brazil and the United States Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F 212. Teaching U.S. History Abroad: Australia, ATURDAY ANUARY P M 205. Poster Session S , J 9, 4:45–6:00 . . China, Germany, Tunisia, Russia Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E AHA BUSINESS MEETING Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H 213. Frontiers of Identity in Postcolonial Brazil SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 2:30–4:30 P.M. Hyatt, Gregory A SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 5:00–7:00 P.M. AFTERNOON SESSIONS OF AHA AFFILIATED 214. Americanists Reconsider the Paciﬁ c SOCIETIES EARLY EVENING SESSIONS OF AHA Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B AFFILIATED SOCIETIES Alcohol and Drugs History Society Session 3: 215. Care, Catechisms, and Money: Entrepreneurship Drinking in College: Rite of Passage or Conference on Latin American History Session and Women in Early Modern Society Apprenticeship in Alcoholism? 37: Andean Studies Committee: Roundtable on Hyatt, Edward B Marriott, New York/Orlando Rooms the Future of the Andean Past Hyatt, Cunningham A 216. Buddhaheads and Boychiks: Japanese American Catholic Historical Association Session 8: American/Jewish Relations in the Twentieth- The Franciscan-Indigenous Encounter in Colonial Conference on Latin American History Session Century American West New Spain 38: Borderlands/Frontiers Committee: Frontier Hyatt, Gregory B Hyatt, Annie A Societies and Borderlands as Contested Concepts: A Debate on the Understanding of Temporalities, 217. Persianate Memoir, Painting, and American Catholic Historical Association Session 9: Spaces, Peoples, and Patterns of Interaction Hagiography: The New Cultural Imagination The Medieval Church: Reform, Mystical Love, Theology Hyatt, Cunningham B of Early Modern India and Iran Hyatt, Annie B Marriott, Point Loma Room Conference on Latin American History Session 39: American Society of Church History Session 25: Chile-Rio de la Plata Studies Committee: 218. Beyond Black and White: Race, Labor, Review of The World Missionary Conference, Environmental History: The State of the Field and and Citizenship in the Gilded Age and Edinburgh 1910 Future Directions Progressive Era Americas Marriott, Columbia 1 Hyatt, Cunningham C Hyatt, Edward C American Society of Church History Session 26: Religion and the Senses in the Eighteenth Century 219. Reacting to the Past: Role Play, Persuasion, Marriott, Torrey 1 SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 5:00–7:00 P.M. and Engagement in Undergraduate Teaching Hyatt, Molly A American Society of Church History Session 27: AHA FILM FESTIVAL Teaching the Introductory Course in Church History Tabu: A History of the South Seas 220. Doing Precolonial History in the Age Marriott, Torrey 2 Hyatt, Randle Ballroom D of Colonial and Postcolonial Studies— CANCELLED Chinese Historians in the United States Session 6: Dissemination of Western Knowledge and 221. Urban Space as a Commodity: The Ideology SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 8:00– 10:00 P.M. Ideology in Late Imperial and Modern China and Practice of Real Estate Development in Hyatt, America’s Cup A PLENARY SESSION OF THE AHA WORKING the Fin-de-Siècle Metropolis Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C Chinese Historians in the United States Session 7: GROUP FOR HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES Construction and Reconstruction of Chinese ON SAME-SEX MARRIAGE 222. An Archeology of Agency in the Civil Law Concepts of Self-Identity and Others at Four Marriage on Trial: Histories and Lawyers in Same- Tradition: Early Modern Spain, France, and Historical Moments Sex Marriage Cases Colonial Spanish America Hyatt, America’s Cup B Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 13 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

223. Allies of a Kind: The United States, Australia, SUNDAY, JANUARY 10, 8:30–10:30 A.M. 245. Female Entrepreneurs in Eighteenth-Century and the Paciﬁ c in the Twentieth Century European Towns Marriott, Torrey 1 EARLY MORNING SESSIONS OF AHA Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H AFFILIATED SOCIETIES 224. Cold War Mexico: Local Interpretations of a 246. To and from America: Re-Framing Migration Global Narrative American Catholic Historical Association Session 10: and Nativism in the United States, 1840–2010 Marriott, Solana Room Catholicism in Twentieth-Century California: Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B Current Research and Prospects 225. New Perspectives on Jews in Postwar East Hyatt, Annie A 247. New Perspectives on Peru’s Shining Path: Germany and Poland: Holocaust Memory, Past, Present, Future American Society of Church History Session 28: Communism, and Identity Marriott, Solana Room Marriott, Torrey 3 Psychology and the Spirit: Protestant Experiences of the Self in Twentieth-Century North America 248. Muslim Empires in World History 226. Roundtable: Comparative Oceans Marriott, Atlanta Room Hyatt, Gregory A Marriott, Leucadia Room American Society of Church History Session 29: 249. Disasters as Catalysts and Critical Junctures: 227. Public Works, State Formation, and the Becoming Mainline: History, Memory, and the Case Studies from Jamaica (1692–1722), Environment in Twentieth-Century Mexico Long Story of American Congregationalism Cuba (1766 and 1880), and Argentina (1861) Marriott, Columbia 3 Marriott, Chicago Room Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom H

228. Bridges across Time and Space: Networks of American Society of Church History Session 250. Anti-Semitism in the Soviet Union Mercantile and Diplomatic Exchange in the 30: Civil Rights Conﬂ ict in the North: Under- Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I Baltic, North, and Mediterranean Seas Emphasized Elements of the African American Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D Civil Rights Movement 251. New Approaches, New Texts: Marriott, New York Room The Latin American History Surveys 229. The Politics of Financing Postcolonial State Hyatt, Edward B Building in Latin America American Society of Church History Session 31: Questions of Authority in the Reformation Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom E 252. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Marriott, Orlando Room Caribbean 230. Rethinking Slave Resistance in the Americas Marriott, Santa Rosa Room Chinese Historians in the United States Session 8: Marriott, Columbia 2 Control, Discipline, and Order in Modern China 253. Shifting Discourses of Race during the Cold 231. Assessing Resources: Analysis and Comment Hyatt, America’s Cup A War Era on EDSITEment Lessons in the High School Conference on Latin American History Session 47: Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom B and Undergraduate Classrooms Images of Revolution in Latin America: Mexico Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E 254. Books, Buildings, and Brothels in Buenos and Cuba Aires: New Directions in Jewish Argentine 232. Grassroots Religious Activism and the Long Hyatt, America’s Cup B History, 1900–70 War on Poverty Conference on Latin American History Session 48: Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D Marriott, Manchester 1 Rebels, Madmen, and Notaries in the Late and 255. Global Borders: Diaspora, Environment Post-Colonial Period 233. Water and Conﬂ ict: The Politics of Water Discourse, Metropolis, Religion, Identity Hyatt, America’s Cup C Use and Abuse Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom C Marriott, Santa Rosa Room Conference on Latin American History Session 49: 256. Translating Sex: Erotic Images and the Historicizing Central American Revolution 234. American Religious Historians Online Boundaries of Desire Hyatt, America’s Cup D Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D

235. The Civic Formations of Postwar American 257. Whither the History of the Emotions? Popular Music SUNDAY, JANUARY 10, 11:00 A.M.–1:00 P.M. Hyatt, Gregory B Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F LATE MORNING SESSIONS OF THE AHA 258. Longing to Belong: Community and 236. Doing Postcolonial History on South PROGRAM COMMITTEE Twentieth-Century Cultural Imagination Asia and West Africa: Methodological and 239. Americans’ Paciﬁ c in the Age of Melville: Marriott, Columbia 2 Theoretical Challenges Labor, Race, Slavery Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom I 259. Reinventing Childhood in the Post-World Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom A War II World: A Roundtable 237. Caribbean Empire and Identity before 1800 240. Historical and International Perspectives on Hyatt, Molly A Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom H Same-Sex Marriage 260. A Region in the Atlantic: The Rio De La —CANCELLED 238. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking Plata in the Middle Period the Atlantic Worlds, Part 7: Enslaved 241. Teaching European History: A Thematic Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F Africans and Commodities during the Era of Approach: Challenging Assumptions 261. Living with Uncertainty: Daily Life in the Transatlantic Slave Trade Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F Brazil in the Context of the Economic Crisis 242. Imagining Our Americas: New Optics in of the 1980s and Early 1990s History and Transnational Studies Marriott, Columbia 3 Marriott, Point Loma Room All annual meeting attendees are 262. Friends, Lovers, and Allies: Academic, invited to the Presidential Reception 243. Possibilities and Limits of Biography in Intimate, and Political Relationships in the Comparative Perspective Women’s Liberation Movement on Friday, January 8, Hyatt Elizabeth Hyatt, Edward A Marriott, Leucadia Room Ballroom H, immediately folllowing the Presidential Address. 244. Teaching the American Right in the United 263. Mexico’s Chinese: Disputed Identities and States and Abroad Claims of Belonging Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom G Marriott, Torrey 3

14 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 The 124th Annual Meeting: Sessions at a Glance

264. 1968 across Oceans, Islands, Continents: The 271. Slaving Paths: Rebuilding and Rethinking the Chinese Historians in the United States Session Global Revolt for Contested Spaces Atlantic Worlds, Part 8: Enslaved Africans and 9: Whither China: Intellectual Discourses on the Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C Creoles: Reassessing Identities and Interactions Problems of the Urban and the Rural in 1910–40s Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom F China 265. Ethno-Politics across Boundaries: Fascist Hyatt, America’s Cup A Population Policy in Africa, the Balkans, and Eastern Europe in Transnational Perspective SUNDAY, JANUARY 10, 11:00 A.M.–1:00 P.M. Conference on Latin American History Session Marriott, Manchester 1 LATE MORNING SESSIONS OF AHA 58: A Continent of Monsters: Historicizing Terror 266. Goods and “Evils”: The Varied Uses of AFFILIATED SOCIETIES in Modern Latin America Markets in Mexico, 1765–1960 Hyatt, America’s Cup B American Society of Church History Session 32: Hyatt, Edward C Horse-Shed Christianity Revisited: Parochial Response Conference on Latin American History Session Marriott, Chicago Room 267. Race, Environment, and the Politics of 59: Bridging Cultural Oceans to Create a New Tourism in the Postwar American West American Society of Church History Session 33: New Continental Society: Indian and Spanish Cultural Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom E Perspectives on Two Centuries of Evangelicalism, Exchange in Colonial Mexico Hyatt, America’s Cup C 268. Militarization in the Paciﬁ c: Tracing Local Honor, and Masculinity in the American South Impact through Island Narratives Marriott, New York Room Marriott, Torrey 1 American Society of Church History Session 34: Bringing Peace and Life out of Chaos and Death: 269. Rethinking the 1970s: The Long Civil Rights Christians in Republican China Movement in a Decade of Political Realignment Marriott, Orlando Room Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom G American Society of Church History Session 35: 270. New Directions in Environmental History: Joseph Smith, Mormon Scripture, and Textual Look out for it at the 124th Annual Meeting. Comparative Perspectives on Water Issues in Criticism: A Roundtable on the Book of Online at Europe, Africa, and Asia Commandments and Revelations www.historianstv.com. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E Marriott, Atlanta Room

Making Presentations Accessible

nnual meeting speakers should be aware of the need to engage the attention of listeners, including those with disabilities. In the spirit of creative and continued dialogue, and in the hope of making the sessions more accessible to all, we offer Asome suggestions. Presenters at the annual meeting should take steps to ensure that their presentations are accessible to all audience members: Make eye contact with the audience and avoid monotone and/or rushed speech, which can make it diffi cult for many people to absorb the ideas in a presentation. Share copies of your talk, notes, or outline with audience members. Many people benefi t from reading as well as hearing presentations. Presenters using visual aids like PowerPoint, photographs, and video clips should describe all images, providing vital information to those with visual impairments. If the session will be sign-language interpreted, presenters should provide a copy of their talk to the interpreter. Interpreters need time to prepare adequately for a panel to become familiar with the specifi c terminology, names, or concepts in the presentation. Crafting accessible presentations demonstrates a commitment to AHA’s mission of promoting good practices, disseminating historical studies as broadly as possible, and fostering a network of scholars. For more information on making scholarly presentations accessible, see the Modern Language Association’s “Access Guide- lines for Convention Session Organizers and Speakers” (www.mla.org/conv_access_guide) or the American Academy of Religion’s guidelines on “Making Your Presentations Disability Friendly” (www.aarweb.org/Meetings/Annual_Meeting/Current_Meeting/ Presentation_Tips/disability.asp).

Based on an article by Susan Burch, Ohio State University, a member of the 2008 Local Arrangements Committee.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 15 The 124th Annual Meeting Events in the AHA Miniconference, “Historical Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage”

he passage of Proposition 8 in California in November 2008 prompted the submission of a resolution at the AHA Business Meeting in January 2009. To implement the resolution passed by the AHA Council, a working group was formed to create a Tthreaded miniconference at the 2010 meeting to explore historical perspectives on same-sex marriage. Working group members are Kristin Hoganson (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) representing the 2010 Program Committee, Leisa Meyer (College of William and Mary) as co-chair of the AHA’s LGBTQ Historians Task Force, and James Green (Brown University), as well as the AHA vice presidents—Karen Halttunen (University of Southern California) of the Teaching Division, who also chairs the group; David Weber (Southern Methodist University) of the Professional Division; and Iris Berger (University at Albany, SUNY) of the Research Division. As charged by the Council and AHA President Laurel Ulrich, the group developed special events and sessions on the subjects of marriage, sexuality, and the social constructions of domestic unions. The working group’s goal was to include histories of marriage and sexuality that range across historical time, geographic space, and thematic focus. There has been a signiﬁ cant expansion of historical scholarship in recent times on the subjects of marriage, sexuality, and the social constructions of domestic unions. The following sessions and events were developed to feature some of this cutting-edge scholarship that illuminates our understanding of these complex and historically contingent institutions and practices. For more information on each session, see either the print version of the 2010 Annual Meeting Program (the page number for each session is in parentheses), or the online version at www.historians.org/annual/program.cfm.

Thursday, January 7 4:30–6:30 P.M. Hyatt, Randle Ballroom 2:30–4:30 P.M. Hyatt, Manchester Ballroom D. Screening of An Island Calling, C. Session 173: Marriage, Gender, and 3:00–5:00 P.M. Hyatt, Manchester sponsored with the Committee on Sexuality in Transnational Perspective, Ballroom G. Session 2: Land of the Free Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender sponsored with the AHA Research and Home of the Brave: Same-Sex History (p. 67) Division (p. 90) Marriage in Canada, sponsored with the AHA Professional Division, the AHA 2:30–4:30 P.M. Hyatt, Manchester LGBTQ Historians Task Force, and the Ballroom B. Session 174: Inter-Ethnic Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Saturday, January 9 Marriage in American Comparative and Transgender History (p. 37) 7:30–9:00 A.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom Perspective (p. 90) E. Committee on Women Historians Friday, January 8 Breakfast (p. 71) 8:00–10:00 P.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F. Plenary Session of the Working 9:30–11:30 A.M. Hyatt, Manchester 9:00–11:00 A.M. Hyatt, Manchester Group: Marriage on Trial: Historians Ballroom G. Session 38: Marriage, Ballroom G. Session 106: Access and Lawyers in Same-Sex Marriage Race and Sexuality in the Atlantic Denied: Comparative Biopolitical Cases (p. 102) World, sponsored with the AHA Perspectives on Marriage Restriction, Research Division (p. 47) sponsored with the AHA Professional Division (p. 72) 9:30–11:30 A.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom D. Session 39: Roundtable in Sunday, January 10 Celebration of Blanche Wiesen Cook, 9:00–11:00 A.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom sponsored with the AHA Committee on A. Session 107: A World of Hurt: 8:30–10:30 A.M. Hyatt, Manchester Women Historians (p. 47) Medieval Marriage Practice and Law Ballroom D. Session 207: Thinking in a Century of Crisis (p. 72) about Race, Sexuality, and Marriage: 2:30–4:30 P.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A Roundtable on Peggy Pascoe’s D. Session 71: Gay Marriage and 11:30 A.M.–1:30 P.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth What Comes Naturally, sponsored Proposition 8: Reﬂ ections, sponsored Ballroom A. Session 138: Don’t Ask, with the AHA Committee on Minority with the AHA Professional Division, the Don’t Tell, Don’t Marry (p. 81) Historians and the Coordinating AHA LGBTQ Historians Task Force, and Council for Women in History (p. 103) the Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, 11:30 A.M.–1:00 P.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth and Transgender History (p. 58) Ballroom F. Session 139: Male Couples Please Note: Session 240: Historical 2:30–4:30 P.M. Hyatt, Manchester and the Meanings of Same-Sex Love and International Perspectives Ballroom C. Session 72: The Politics of in Turn-of-the-Century Europe on Same-Sex Marriage, originally Marriage in Comparative Perspective: and America, sponsored with the scheduled for Sunday, January 10, Imperial Legacies in Early America Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, 11:00 A.M.–1:00 P.M., has been and Colonial India (p. 58) and Transgender History (p. 81) cancelled.

16 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 San Diego and Historians Port to the Paciﬁ c: San Diego’s Maritime and Military Heritage By Kevin Sheehan

hese days, the majority of those 1769 stands as a watershed in the history of this period in San Diego’s history. Pick the who embark in vessels from ports San Diego, for in that year a Spanish crown right day and you will see park rangers dressed Tin Southern California, such as San fearful of British and Russian expansionist as Spanish soldiers and sailors from the 1540s Diego or San Pedro near Los Angeles, do plans for the Pacifi c Northwest organized the and female interpreters who demonstrate the so in huge cruise liners capable of carrying fi rst permanent European settlement. José de many layers of clothing that would have been hundreds of passengers. More often than Gálvez, visitador general to New Spain, orches- worn by any Spanish woman from the period. not their ultimate destination is one of the trated a series of expeditions by land and sea More than mere re-enactors, the rangers offer resort towns along the west coast of Mexico. that led to the establishment of strategically a well-thought-out commentary on the social Dedicated sailors of course consider such located missions and presidios in Alta Califor- and cultural context for their living history voyages in fl oating hotels to be the exclusive nia from San Diego in the south to Sonoma, demonstrations. preserve of land lubbers. For the real sailor just north of San Francisco. Historical sources The old Spanish presidio just above what there is no substitute for the rolling deck suggest that life in these settlements for both is today one of California’s most visited and the taste of salt in the air. The greatest Spaniards and Native Americans was at times state parks, Old Town, lies hidden but still pleasure for any sailor when not at sea far from idyllic. At least initially Spanish preserved between feet of soil following ar- is surely the shelter of a natural harbor. vessels provided a lifeline to ferry supplies and chaeological excavations in past years. The Surprisingly, along the West Coast these are personnel to these most isolated outposts of hillside is studded with stands of Austra- few and far between. Historically only two Spanish colonial dominion. lian eucalyptus brought to region in the along the entire coast of California offered late 19th century by speculators expecting the sailor a place of undisturbed anchorage Monuments to the Past a “second gold rush.” The trees took hold from even the heaviest seas: San Diego and ourists visiting San Diego today still see, with a vengeance, but their use as wood for San Francisco. Of these two, San Diego Thear, and taste the vestiges of this colonial railway sleepers and construction projects claims priority, at least in the annals of period. Cabrillo National Monument provides never quite caught on. Instead San Diegans European exploration. not only a magnifi cent view of San Diego, came to rely on lumber transported from its bay, and its coastline, but also a carefully Northern California and Oregon, towed The Spanish Period crafted series of exhibits designed to illuminate down the coast on huge fl oating rafts. n September 28, 1542, three Spanish Oships anchored in the shallow channel south of what is today known as Point Loma. Commanded by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, they had been sent by the viceroy of Mexico to seek out a sea route to China. Cabrillo’s visit was brief. Spanish narratives suggest he established superfi cial but amicable relations with the Native Americans living along the sheltered inlets of the bay that would one day bear the name San Diego. Sixty years passed before the next Spanish visit. In 1602, Sebastián Vizcaíno, commander of another expedition, ventured into San Diego bay in the hopes that this might prove a viable port of call for eastbound Manila galleons. Refl ecting an evolution in Spanish piety, he changed the name of the port from San Miguel—originally applied by Cabrillo sixty years earlier—to El Puerto de San Diego de Alcalá. While the Docked at the port of San Diego is the USS Midway, which features the San Diego name stuck, it would be more than a century Aircraft Carrier Museum, open daily from 10:00 A.M.–5:00 P.M. (www.midway.org). and a half before the Spaniards returned. Photo by Chris Hale.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 17 On a bluff offering aThe panoramic 123 view of rdconstruction Annual of the canal Meeting was believed by Diego’s fi shing industry is but a shadow of San Diego Bay close by the old presidio is many in San Diego to herald the dawning of its former self. Fishing followed immigra- what amounts to a monument to manifest a new era in the city’s prosperity. San Diego, tion. The names of the vessels used by the destiny. A plaque and a series of statues at least in the minds of the city leaders, fi shermen—among them La Diana and São memorialize the epic trek of the Mormon would naturally be the fi rst American port João—refl ect the origins of their captains Battalion from Iowa to San Diego in 1846 of call for any vessel heading further north. and crew. Today descendants of Italian as part of the United States’ war efforts In an effort to draw attention to itself in the fi shermen still congregate in the restaurant- against Mexico. Reading the statements set face of concerted rivalry from Los Angeles lined streets of what is known as “Little in bronze, one is left with the uneasy feeling and San Francisco, San Diego staged an ex- Italy,” just a short walk from the imposing that the underlying intention is to legiti- position to celebrate the canal’s completion bayside façade of the County Building. The mize rather than remember. For balance, it in 1915. Balboa Park, a pleasant collection Portuguese community lost its geographical is necessary also to see the restored Mission of museums and parklands, is the abiding center with the construction of the airport, San Diego de Alcalá and walk along mission monument to these times. but descendants of this once-vibrant fi shing trails to visit the dam built by the fi rst Fran- community originating in the Azores can ciscan missionaries to gain a sense of efforts Twentieth-Century still be found today in Point Loma. pursued by Spain in its “civilizing” mission. Developments San Diego’s ongoing romance with the United States Navy has been more long San Diego Thinks Big oday a stroll along the Embarcadero lived. Over the course of much of the 20th Tleaves the visitor with a sense that for century, the role of the Navy and its rela- he Civil War, for the most part, left San the most part San Diego’s Bay has been given tionship to the port and city of San Diego TDiego unscathed and unnoticed. Nor over to pleasure boating and sightseeing. has expanded and contracted with the evo- did hostilities during the Spanish-American The shipyards and piers frequented by navy lution of American foreign policy and strate- War of 1898 have a profound impact on and commercial vessels are generally concen- gic and military priorities. As visitors to the the inhabitants of the port. However, the trated to the south, beyond the Coronado USS Midway museum (a short stroll from epic voyage of the USS Oregon from San Bridge. Photographs of San Diego Bay taken the meeting hotels) are palpably reminded, Francisco to Cuba via the Strait of Magellan prior to World War II reveal a very different San Diego is rightfully considered the birth- did give added impetus to the building of vista. What is now a largely empty expanse of place of naval aviation in this country. the Panama Canal, which would result in wharf area north of the Maritime Museum a considerable shortening of travel time was once festooned with the masts of com- Local Maritime between the Atlantic and Pacifi c oceans. The mercial fi shing boats. Some remain, but San and Military Archives eeting attendees interested in Mmaritime and military history who wish to take the step from curious tourist to Discounted Admission to dedicated researcher will fi nd a number of local repositories of considerable interest. As Maritime Museum of San Diego well as interpreting a fascinating collection of replica and historic vessels, the Maritime he Maritime Museum of San Diego offers reduced price admission of Museum of San Diego conserves a somewhat T$8 to annual meeting attendees upon presentation of their AHA badges. eclectic archive of materials related to San The museum is open daily from 9:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., and is located at Diego’s seafaring memory. With its close 1492 North Harbor Drive near the corner of Ash Street a few blocks west of proximity to North Island Naval Base, the Interstate 5. The County Center/Little Italy trolley station on the Blue line archive of the Coronado Historical Society is only two blocks from the museum. See the museum’s web site at www. holds materials detailing the Navy’s long as- sdmaritime.org for a map and complete directions. sociation with that city. The Marine Corps Recruit Depot right next to the airport has The Maritime Museum has a worldwide reputation for excellence in re- its own library and archives available to the storing, maintaining, and operating historic vessels. It has one of the world’s public. Finally, the San Diego Historical fi nest collections of historic ships, including the world’s oldest active ship, Society’s archive in Balboa Park is a must for the Star of India. The museum displays permanent and temporary exhibits those interested in contextualizing maritime on maritime history, commerce, and exploration. Its collection includes the history in a broader set of historical sources. 1898 steam ferry Berkeley; the 1904 steam yacht Medea; the 1914 Pilot; the state’s offi cial tall ship Californian, a replica of a mid-19th-century revenue Kevin Sheehan is curator and collections man- cutter; and the HMS Surprise, a replica of an 18th-century Royal Navy frigate ager at the Maritime Museum of San Diego. featured in the fi lm Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World. He is co-editor of Science in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires, 1500–1800, published by Stanford University Press in 2009.

18 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 San Diego and Historians Spain in California: First Stop on the Mission Trail By Michael J. González

ra dulce tu memoria” (your memory Spanish crews still plied the waters to chart But the deeds that determine how, and was sweet), sang the poet.1 San the coastline. why, Spain is remembered may be more E Diegans may say the same of Spain. When Russia proposed to settle California complex than can be imagined. The student By building Mission San Diego de Alcalá in in the mid-1700s, the Spanish crown called and scholar who examines the Spanish 1769, and establishing the fi rst European upon Franciscan missionaries to secure its legacy may envision a story that unfolds in settlement of any sort in California, Spain claim. The crown hoped that missionaries linear fashion. The details follow a progres- has stirred fond memories in nearly every would convert Indians and convince them to sion, with events and the names of historical corner of San Diego. become loyal and pious subjects of the realm. actors emerging at appropriate moments to According to a tourist web site, Spain receives Father Junípero Serra built the mission in lend meaning and coherence to the narra- credit for making San Diego the “birthplace” San Diego, and founded eight more before tive. What emerges at the conclusion is an of California.2 Spanish place names dot the expiring from poor health and exhaustion. impression of permanence and certitude. region. The campuses of San Diego State and Eleven more missions rose during the Spanish There is a sense of what constitutes “Spain,” the University of San Diego, along with other era. (Mexico built the 21st, and last, mission “settlers,” and “Indians.” But each category sites in the city, feature buildings rendered north of San Francisco.) defi es easy explanation. in the style of the Spanish renaissance or To defend the priests, the crown ordered the In the modern age, what seems to be a “fact” the Spanish colonial period. Suburban tract construction of four presidios, or forts. The becomes, when the person or event under homes in San Diego and other southern Cali- crown later supplemented the Franciscans’ study is measured against the standards of fornia cities feature white stucco walls and red efforts to develop California by establishing the period, more illusory. For example, when tiled roofs that echo the houses of southern civil settlements. The pobladores, or settlers, Cabrillo sailed off the California coast, Spain Spain. In one instance, a San Diego developer received land, tools, and other inducements had only existed as a unifi ed kingdom for 40 distributed an advertisement that promised if they agreed to live in the new towns. San years. Many Spaniards who settled in San prospective buyers a home where “Spanish José, the fi rst pueblo, or settlement, appeared Diego, or passed through on their way to silver dons” once rode the trails.3 It is not in 1777, with Los Angeles (1781) and Bran- other sites in California, came from regions uncommon to meet San Diegans who claim ciforte, now present-day Santa Cruz (1797), that possessed, and still possess, their own that they are descended from Spanish settlers following later. With missions, forts, and set- language and identity. Father Serra came who colonized California, or say that long tlements in place, Spain ruled California until from the island of Mallorca and apparently ago the King of Spain awarded their families Mexico won its independence in 1821 and was quite comfortable speaking the local a tract of land for faithful service. assumed the responsibilities of governance. dialect. Pedro Font, one of Serra’s fellow Spain’s contributions to the region certainly deserve commemoration. Spanish conquista- dores who marched with Cortés claimed Baja California for the Spanish Crown in 1533. Nine years later Juan Cabrillo added Alta, or upper, California to the king’s domain when he sailed past San Diego looking for the Strait of Anián, a sea route also known as the Northwest Passage. Cabrillo did not survive the trip—he apparently contracted a fatal in- fection after breaking his arm—but his crew traveled as far north as present-day Oregon. Spain proved slow in settling Alta Califor- nia, or now simply California. But Spain did not forsake the territory. Up through the 17th century, Spanish expeditions sailed along the California coast to see where the Manila Galleons could drop anchor and refi t before pressing on to Mexico. As it was, The Junipero Serra Museum, located atop Presidio Hill in Old Town San Diego. Photo by no Galleon put into a California harbor, but Chris Hale. Log onto www.sandiegohistory.org/serra_museum.html for visitor information.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 19 Franciscans who wrote of his experiences in settlers, soldiers, and priests who came to students and scholars require a progression California, was born in Catalonia, a region San Diego and other parts of California. The of names and dates to understand what long proud of its own culture and way of life. settlements, for instance, followed patterns transpired in the past. But, in another sense, Pedro Fages, an army captain who, among employed by the Romans, who, in antiquity, Spanish settlement prefi gures the social and other things, served as governor of Califor- had colonized Spain and other areas of the cultural variety that now graces San Diego nia, also came from Catalonia. Juan Bautista Mediterranean. The Romans saw settlements and southern California. San Diego has one de Anza, the military man who blazed a trail as imperial vehicles. As the population grew, of the highest concentrations of Mormons from northern Mexico to California, traced the towns would expand into the surround- and Somalis in the United States. Orange his heritage to the Basque region of Spain. ing countryside and spread Roman infl uence. County, to the north of San Diego, is home As a consequence, the idea of Spain, or who Thus, the Romans placed a plaza, or quad- to the nation’s biggest Vietnamese commu- counts as a Spaniard, is a fl uid notion. Even rangle, in the center of the settlement with nity. And still further north, the Los Angeles if the Spanish king, relying on Spanish law, the streets shooting off at right angles from metropolitan area has the greatest number of exercised dominion, the practices that com- each corner to ensure that the town expanded Mexicans and Mexican-origin people outside prised daily life in California at once expand, in an orderly manner. Each of the pueblos in of Mexico City. In time, these groups will and erase, a single, uniform Spanish way of California repeated the design, and while it is only grow bigger and more infl uential. San life. The vast majority of California’s populace debatable if they grew in orderly fashion, the Diego, then, as the “birthplace” of Califor- during the Spanish period claimed descent intent remains that the settlements served the nia, presents an image of Spain that accords from the settlers and soldiers who came from imperial ambitions of the Spanish Crown.4 quite well with the coming demographic Mexico, not Spain. They refl ected the mestizo, The Arabs, who had ruled Spain for nearly changes of the 21st century. Spain, and its or mixed Spanish and Indian, heritage of 800 years, left a legacy of ideas on how to memory, is sweet indeed. their place of origin. On occasion, Califor- shape and construct buildings. For instance, nia’s settlers, and their Mexican forebears who the carmen, from the Arabic word karm for Michael J. González is associate professor of came north, seemed more indigenous than vine, was an enclosed garden in the center history at the University of San Diego and European. Of the fi rst 40 individuals assigned or back of the home.5 The style, apparently author of This Small City Will Be a Mexican to build Mission San Diego, eight were Indian little used in California during the Spanish Paradise: Exploring the Origins of Mexican converts from Baja California. In San Diego, era, became more popular under Mexican Culture in Los Angeles. and elsewhere, the settlers ate maiz and chile, rule. Mission San Gabriel, north of San foods fi rst enjoyed by the Indians of central Diego and one of the grandest missions in Mexico and other parts of the Americas. When California, possesses buttresses modeled after Notes 6 the Spanish language proved inadequate to the mosque in Córdoba, Spain. Arabic often 1. St. John of the Cross, “Super Flumina describe the natural world, the settlers no provided the vocabulary the settlers used in -Babylonis” (“By the Waters of Babylon”), The doubt used Indian terms to talk about the California. Alcaldes, from the Arabic word Poems of St. John of the Cross, ed. and trans. tecolotes (owls) and mapaches (raccoons) who for judge, served as chief magistrates for the Willis Barnstone (Bloomington: Indiana Univ. found refuge in the nopales (cacti) sprouting pueblos. The settlers and priests used the Press, 1972), 76–77. close to town. If the settlers fell ill, they found azote, once more borrowing from Arabic, 2. See “The Founding of California,” cures in the herbs and potions fi rst employed to whip delinquents. When Indians threat- www.oldtownsandiegoguide.com/history. by the Indians of central Mexico, or relied on ened war or resisted conversion, they suffered html. the California Indians’ knowledge of local ridicule as gandules, a version of the Arabic 3. Brochure for Madiera at Del Sur, a plant life to fi nd a remedy. word for troublemaker or libertine.7 housing development in northern San Diego Other infl uences, too, above and beyond Thus the memory of Spanish settlement County (Shea Homes, 2007), n.p. traditions originating in Spain, inspired the holds multiple meanings. Make no mistake: 4. For more on urban design in the Ameri- can Southwest, consult Dora Crouch, Daniel Garr, and Axel Mundingo, Spanish City Plan- Breakfast Meeting of the ning in North America (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1982), 153–72. Committee on Women Historians 5. John Messina, “La Casa Alamense: The Mexican Hacienda as Urban Dwelling,” Saturday, January 9, 7:30–9:00 A.M. Perspectives in Vernacular Architecture, vol. 12 Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom E (2005): 11–31. 6. Diego Angulo and Helen B. Hall, “The Breakfast is open to all and will be preregistered through the registration form (available Mudéjar Style of Mexican Architecture,” Ars via AHA’s home page at www.historians.org/annual). Preregistration is urged—a Islamica 2, no. 2 (1935): 225–30. very limited number of tickets will be available through the meal ticket cashiers at the 7. For the etymology of Spanish words meeting. Cost: $36. Prepaid tickets will be distributed with registration badges. used in the Old and New World, see Fran- Chair: Margaret A. Strobel, University of Illinois at Chicago cisco Santamaría, Diccionario de Mejicanismos (Mexico: Editorial Porrua, S.A, 1992) and Speaker: John A. D’Emilio, University of Illinois at Chicago Diccionario de la Lengua Española, 2 vols. (Ma- drid: Real Academia Española, 1992).

20 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 San Diego and Historians San Diego’s Asian Paciﬁ c Heritage By Chiou-Ling Yeh

sian Pacifi c Americans have a long tion. Filipino/as’ national status allowed them War Brides Act. Beginning in the 1950s, history in San Diego. Hawaiian to immigrate to the United States without re- Filipino/as came to the county because of Asailors appeared around the 1830s striction. Compared to Chinese and Japanese, the U.S. military presence in the Philip- while Chinese immigrants came during the number of Filipino/as in San Diego pines and San Diego’s status as the Pacifi c the 1850s. Prior to changes in immigration was smaller, as many of them were migrant naval headquarters. The Navy connection law in 1965, the Asian community in San workers. They also were employed in the Navy elevated the Filipino/a American commu- Diego was small, consisting mainly of and in the service sector in restaurants, hotels, nity to be the largest Asian American group Chinese, Japanese, and Filipino/as. After and nightclubs. Their businesses likewise clus- in the county. After the Vietnam War, many the immigration reform of 1965 and tered in the downtown area. Similar to their Southeast Asian refugees settled in San the infl ux of Southeast Asian refugees, Chinese and Japanese counterparts, Filipino/ Diego, in part because Camp Pendleton, a the Asian population in the county rose as faced racial prejudice in San Diego. U.S. Marine base not far from San Diego, from 1 percent in 1960 to 10.2 percent in World War II was a turning point for the was one of the processing centers for fi rst- 2000. The population has diversifi ed to downtown Asian community. Forced in- wave refugees.3 San Diego also has been a include Filipino/as, Vietnamese, Chinese, ternment removed the Japanese from the favorite destination for other Asian immi- Japanese, Laotians, Koreans, Asian Indians, area. After the war, only a few returned. grants. The 1965 immigration law favored Cambodians, Hmong, and Thais. Starting in Meanwhile, postwar suburbanization and occupational and family immigration. San the 1980s, Asian Pacifi c Americans became desegregation motivated many Chinese and Diego’s diverse industries and mild weather the second-largest minority group in the Filipino/as to move out of the downtown have drawn many Asian Pacifi c American county, surpassing African Americans.1 area and into the suburbs.2 professionals to the area. In the 19th century, Asian immigrants The involvement of the United States The contemporary Asian Pacifi c American came to San Diego to seek opportunities and in Asia after World War II reshaped the community is scattered throughout the to escape anti-Asian hostilities in northern Asian population in San Diego once again. county, with a few concentrated settlements. California. Segregation and violence drove American military involvement in Asia Chinese, Japanese, Asian Indians, Koreans, Chinese to move to the downtown red-light brought Chinese, Japanese, Filipina, and and Taiwanese were dispersed all over the district known as the Stingaree District. Korean women to the area through the county. Southeast Asians tended to live in The Chinese quarter, dubbed Chinatown, had both residential and business establishments, including restaurants, herbal shops, grocery stores, laundries, opium dens, and gambling halls. Other Chinese were employed in truck gardening, railroad, and fi shing. Between 1870 and 1888, Chinese fi shermen were the major suppliers in the city. The prohibition of fi ne-meshed nets and the Scott Act of 1888, which banned the re-entry of Chinese laborers into the United States, drove the Chinese out of the fi shing industry. After the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 prohibited further migration from China, Japanese laborers were increas- ingly recruited to work on railroads, farms, fi shing, and canneries. Japanese farmers and seasonal laborers scattered throughout San Diego, but racial hostilities encouraged the Japanese to concentrate in the downtown area, next to Chinatown. The fi rst Filipino/ as came to San Diego in the early 1900s, but The San Diego Chinese Historical Museum, located at 404 Third Ave; open Tuesday– many more arrived after the Immigration Act Saturday, 10:30 A.M.–4:40 P.M.; Sunday 12 NOON–4:00 P.M.; closed Mondays. Visit www.sdchm.org for more information. Photo courtesy Creative Commons. of 1924 barred other Asians from immigra-

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 21 Filipino/a and Vietnamese business establishments. In addition, El Cajon Boulevard and University Avenue have become centers Clarifi cation about of commerce and community for Southeast Asian Americans.4 Registration Policy To fi nd the historic Asian Pacifi c American community, one has merely to step outside the AHA meeting hotels Discounted or Gratis Guest Registration Not Available and walk a few blocks to the Asian/Pacifi c Thematic Historic District. A product of iven the high cost of organizing and staging the annual meeting, the Asian Pacifi c American activism, the district AHA Council has determined that it is not fi nancially possible to provide was established in 1987 by the San Diego discounted or gratis guest or spousal registration. G City Council. Sandwiched between the Guests of members are, of course, welcome to attend AHA-sponsored events and Gaslamp Quarter and the Marina area, the recptions, including the awards ceremony, as well as the presidential address and district is located between Market Street the reception that follows, and most sessions. and J Street, from 2nd Avenue to 6th Registration badges will be required, however, to use AHA professional services, Avenue. Constructed between 1883 and including the messaging system, the Internet Center, the Exhibit Hall, and the 1930, the 20 buildings that are part of the Job Center. historic district have strong ties to Chinese, Filipino/as, Japanese, and Hawaiians. Some are still occupied by Chinese or other Asian residents, businesses, and cultural centers. Southeast San Diego, East San Diego, Linda Oceanside, Poway, and Scripps Ranch. Asian To learn more about the district, contact Vista, and Mira Mesa while Filipino/as were business establishments dot the San Diego the San Diego Chinese Historical Museum, in National City, Chula Vista, Imperial area. In the 1990s large Asian supermarkets which offers a walking tour. In June 2009, Beach, Bonita, and Paradise Hills. Affl uent were opened in Kearny Mesa. The area also the Centre City Development Corpora- Asian Pacifi c Americans have moved to attracted many Chinese, Japanese, Korean, tion voted to give the Historic District a suburban communities such as Mira Mesa, Thai, and Vietnamese restaurants. Mira makeover, with plans for an Asian-style Rancho Bernardo, Rancho Penasquitos, Mesa is another location that has vibrant gateway, guarding lions, and Asian-style street lights. Construction should be completed by spring 2010. The district will look San Diego Trolley more “Asian” when you tour it next time. Chiou-Ling Yeh is associate professor of history at he San Diego Trolley (www.sdmts.com/ San Diego State University. She is the author of Trolley/Trolley.asp) is a trolley-style Making an American Festival: Chinese New Tlight rail public transportation system Year in San Francisco’s Chinatown (2008). serving greater San Diego and consists of three lines, Blue, Orange, and Green. It is distinguished by its 134 bright red, electric powered trains. The Notes trolley’s three routes cover 50 miles and serve 53 1. Linda Trinh Võ, Mobilizing an Asian station stops. On all lines, the trolleys run every American Community (Philadelphia: Temple 15 minutes, 7 days a week. They run every 30 minutes late night and on weekend Univ. Press, 2004), 23–25; 2000 census. www. mornings and evenings. In addition, the Blue line runs every 7 minutes during census.gov/main/www/cen2000.html. weekday rush hours. Fares to ride the trolley are self-serve, meaning you buy your 2. Amanda Strouse, “Asian Historic tickets from kiosks. One-way adult fare is $2.50; there is no round-trip fare. Instead, District Set to Get a Makeover,” Union Tribune, single day trip fares are $5 for unlimited rides. There are no gates or turnstiles to June 11, 2009; Adelaida Castillo, “Filipino board the trolleys, but transit police do patrol for random fare inspection, so make Migrants in San Diego, 1900–1946,” Journal sure you have valid tickets or you will be asked to leave at the next stop. Trolleys are of San Diego History 22, no. 3 (summer 1976): accessible; older cars have wheelchair lifts and newer cars, primarily on the Green 27–35; Võ, Mobilizing an Asian American Line, have ground level ramps. Community, 16–20; Leland Saito, The Politics of Exclusion: The Failure of Race-Neutral Policies None of San Diego’s big attractions—its famous beaches, museums, zoos, and in Urban America (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford amusement parks—are located downtown, so a visitor will need to rent a car or Univ. Press, 2009), 43–44. utilize public transportation. For example, the San Diego Trolley reaches many 3. Võ, Mobilizing an Asian American neighborhoods and areas with popular attractions and landmarks, such as Old Community, 21, 24. Town, Mission Valley, and Fashion Valley. 4. Võ, Mobilizing an Asian American Community, 32.

22 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 San Diego and Historians Hiding in Plain Sight: San Diego’s African American Heritage

By Myra Burton

an Diego has a rich and diverse ethnic living quarters. The Hotel Robinson was well Julian Hotel assert they can feel the presence heritage, refl ected in its architecture, known for the pleasant accommodations and of the Robinsons, with one housekeeper Sstreet names, and neighborhoods. Margaret’s excellent meals. Members of the claiming she occasionally smells cigar smoke While the county’s Spanish and Mexican Scripps and Hearst families were guests at the (one of Albert’s vices) and fresh-baked bread. infl uences are well known, the contributions Hotel Robinson, along with other dignitaries While the Julian Hotel will probably not be of others, including African Americans, and luminaries of the period. Unfortunately, featured on Ghosthunters, adventure seekers are often harder to discern. However, for Julian’s gold rush petered out and many of the might want to spend a night or two in one the intrepid local or tourist, a visit to the businesses along Main Street followed suit. of the old Victorian rooms.2 mountain town of Julian and San Diego’s Despite the death of her husband in 1915, While Julian’s fortunes declined, the in- Gaslamp Quarter can provide a different Margaret held onto the hotel for another six troduction of rail connections to San Diego perspective on San Diego’s history. years. She fi nally sold the business in 1924 in the last part of the 19th century led to In San Diego’s early American period, many and moved to San Diego. But the story a steady expansion of the population and settlers lived in rural areas of the county where doesn’t end there. The Hotel Robinson was the establishment of what would become it was easier to live off the land. The fi rst per- bought and sold several times over the years, the Gaslamp Quarter. By 1890, there were manent black resident, Nathaniel Harrison, and is still in existence. In fact, it is the oldest 289 African Americans who lived and came to San Diego from Tennessee in 1848. continuously operated hotel in Southern Cal- worked in San Diego, many of them in the Harrison owned a cabin and a 160-acre farm ifornia. Now called the Julian Hotel, it retains Gaslamp. Black-owned businesses catered on Palomar Mountain, where he raised and much of its original charm. Employees of the to everyone in the community, but were sold livestock. He supplemented his income by working on neighboring ranches. Harrison lived to be 100 years old and was so well known in the county that a street was named in his honor. If you follow Nathaniel Harrison Grade in Pauma Valley, you can drive past the Women’s History Museum land where his cabin once stood.1 Julian is a popular destination for anyone Reception seeking fresh mountain air, bucolic scenery, and a good piece of apple pie. In fact, the area is well known for its Apple Days festival. he Women’s History Museum and Educational Center However, in 1869 people came to Julian for of San Diego invites annual meeting attendees to a a very different reason—gold. Fred Coleman, reception to celebrate the new editors of the Journal an African American, discovered the precious T metal in a local creek and in no time, the of Women’s History. The reception will be held at the museum aptly named Coleman City sprang up to meet on Friday, January 8, 5:00–6:30 P.M. The museum is located at the needs of miners drawn to the promise of 2323 Broadway, Suite 107 in San Diego in historic Golden Hill, wealth. Coleman’s entrepreneurial savvy led him to a money-making business venture— which is about 15 blocks east of downtown San Diego. Learn more the construction and operation of toll roads about the museum by visiting the web site at www.whmec.org. For between El Cajon and the new boom town. additional information or assistance with directions (also available Of course, Coleman was not the only on the web site), please call the museum at 619-233-7963. African American business owner in Julian. A variety of businesses opened in the area, catering to miners and travelers alike. Newly- weds Albert and Margaret Robinson opened a popular restaurant and bakery in 1886. The business was so successful they opened a 10-room hotel above the restaurant and

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 23 largely established to Theprovide goods 123 and rdthe AnnualSimmons Hotel at 542 Meeting 6th Avenue from of its time was the Hotel Douglas, built in services to African Americans who faced 1938–60. There were even a few niche busi- 1924 by two African American business- widespread discrimination in the city. There nesses such as Meadows Jewelers, located at men, George Ramsey and Robert Rowe, at were the usual barbershops and shoeshine 516 5th Avenue. Walter Meadows brought 206 Market Street. The Douglas was much parlors, as well as restaurants and hotels. his skills as a master jeweler in Tennessee more than a hotel. In addition to lodging, To provide lodging for African Americans, to San Diego, where he opened his shop in the business housed a restaurant, card room, Lucile H. Simmons owned and operated 1903. One of the most popular businesses barbershop, drycleaners, and billiard rooms. The adjoining nightclub, the Creole Palace, offered top-notch music and dancing and attracted people from as far away as Los An- geles.3 Committee on One last business in the Gaslamp Quarter deserves special mention. San Diego’s prox- Minority Historians imity to the Mexican border has made Tijuana a popular destination for locals Breakfast Meeting as well as tourists. Today, it is only a short drive or trolley ride to the border. In the late Friday, January 8: 7:30–9:00 A.M. 1890s and early 1900s the trip was more of Hyatt, Windsor B a challenge. Reuben Williams, also known as “Reuben the Guide,” was another savvy African American entrepreneur who ran he Committee on Minority Historians invites minority graduate a sightseeing tour from 5th Avenue and students and ﬁ rst-year faculty to a complimentary continental Broadway to the Mexican border. Williams dressed the part in a serape and sombrero breakfast on Friday, January 8, from 7:30 to 9:00 A.M. in the T and offered a tiered price structure for his Hyatt Windsor B. Please join the committee in a discussion on life in the round-trip excursion: 50 cents, 75 cents, or profession. $1. According to the memoirs of Ed Fletcher, Attendees wishing to participate in the breakfast should have registered a local San Diegan, Williams always received top price for his tours. Reuben waited until with the AHA by December 11, 2009. Those who wish to participate in he reached the Tijuana River to announce: the discussion only are invited to arrive at 8:00 A.M. “Dollar tickets keep your seats, 75-cent tickets can walk, and 50-cent tickets push.” The history of African Americans in San Diego is as rich and varied as the county itself. It is often a history that is hidden in plain sight, so as you explore all that Committee on San Diego has to offer, look beneath the surface—you never know what gems you Minority Historians might discover. Myra Burton is a historian with the U.S. De- Reception partment of State. She covers U.S. relations with Africa for the Foreign Relations of the United Saturday, January 9: 6:00–7:30 P.M. States series. Ms. Burton formerly taught history Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A at the college level in San Diego. Notes he Committee on Minority Historians cordially invites minority 1. Gail Madyun and Larry Malone, “Black scholars, graduate students, and others attending the 2010 annual Pioneers in San Diego, 1880–1920,” Journal meeting to a cash-bar reception on Saturday, January 9, from of San Diego History 27, no. 2 (spring 1981). T 2. Paula Parker, “Heyday of Julian Ho- 6:00–7:30 P.M. in the Hyatt’s Elizabeth Ballroom A. During the reception, tel,” Los Angeles Times, San Diego Edition, the Committee on Minority Historians will invite those present to share February 3, 1980, A1. memories of John Hope Franklin. 3. Paula Parker, “Research Traces Role of Black Business Downtown,” Los Angeles Times, San Diego Edition, September 11, 1979, A1.

24 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 25 San Diego and Historians Visiting Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered San Diego’s Past and Present By Elle Van Dermark and Frank Nobiletti

an Diego has a vibrant, visible, and Villa Montezuma “volunteered” over the years, often trading vocal lesbian, gay, bisexual, and meals for work—Whoopi Goldberg among kirting the southern boundaries of transgender (LGBT) community. For them. Bon Appétit nominated it as “one of S Balboa Park and just beyond the park is a taste of it, Hillcrest is a great place to start. S the best places for breakfast in America.” Villa Montezuma (1925 K St.) in Golden For 40 years Hillcrest has been an epicenter Hill. The San Diego Historical Society of social activism as well as a safe harbor for Native America described the historic home, which promi- those pressing against accepted social norms. op up north to North Park via 30th nently features a stained glass window of A great reference point is the historical Street, and just north of University Sappho, as “one of the most interesting and H landmark red and white “Hillcrest” sign on the Avenue you’ll pass what was the Indian imaginatively designed Victorian houses still corner of Fifth and University Avenues. One Human Resource Center (4040 30th St.). It standing in San Diego.” Villa Montezuma block south, past several bookstores, sits the was home to Nations of the Four Directions, was home to Jesse Shepard, who is fondly Brass Rail at Fifth and Robinson. The Brass where San Diego’s queer Native Americans remembered in San Diego for his legendary Rail, once located downtown, was straight by forged a modern day two-spirit community. musical improvisations. In the 1880s, before day but gay by night. In the 1960s the Brass Go east to 4003 Wabash Avenue, just north the term homosexual was used in the United Rail moved to Hillcrest as a gay bar and kick- of University past the 805 freeway, where the States, Shepard was known for his commit- started the transformation of Hillcrest into powerful and vibrant Las Hermanas Women’s ment to his longtime same-sex assistant. San Diego’s preeminent “gayborhood.” Cultural Center fl ourished in the 1970s and Women’s History early 1980s, a vortex of energy and art at the Balboa Park apex of the women’s movement in San Diego. rom the Brass Rail, one block east to earby in Golden Hill is the house A hair salon occupies the space today. FSixth Avenue and a bit more than a Nthat in 1973 became San Diego’s Further east (by car) at College Avenue, past quarter mile south along the western edge of fi rst Gay Center (2250 B St.). B Street 55th Street, go left to San Diego State Univer- Balboa Park is a lush green space. This area, was also home to the Wing Café (2753 B sity. It claims the fi rst Women’s Studies De- just before Laurel Street, is affectionately St.), which boasted a feminist restaurant, partment in the nation, established in 1969. known as the “Fruit Loop.” Most days you’ll gallery, and performance space in the early The relevant historical papers are housed at fi nd queer sunbathers, gay volleyball players, 1980s. Just around the corner, the Women’s Special Collections and University Archives and dog walkers of all types. Just past Laurel History Museum and Education Center (scua.sdsu.edu) in Love Library. Street and one block into the park stands (2323 Broadway, Suite 107, www.whmec. a bronze statue honoring Kate Sessions, a org) is a treasure trove of primary sources, Transgender woman-identifi ed woman who left teaching special collections, and exhibits. Finally, a ast of the Hillcrest sign on University to pursue her passion in horticulture in the not-to-be missed spot is the legendary “Judy EAvenue is Obelisk bookstore (1029 Uni- late 1800s. Sessions transformed the once the Beauty’s” Big Kitchen (3003 Grape St.), versity), a well-stocked LGBT community arid plateau into Balboa Park. where great food and social activism are still resource. Continuing down University on the menu. Judy Foreman, a social worker Avenue is Rich’s (1051 University Ave.) a and activist turned entrepreneur, credits the longtime-favorite queer dance club. From success of the Big Kitchen to the artists, 1968 to 1982 the space was home to San activists, and community members who Diego’s fi rst female-impersonation club. The Show Biz Supper Club entertained tourists three times a day. Several blocks east and one The 2010 Annual Meeting block north of University on Centre Street is the beautiful, community-owned LGBT Program is also available Center (3909 Centre St.). One of the earliest in the nation, it formed under the name “The onlineo at www.historians.org/ Center for Social Services,” when “gay” in its annual/program.cfm. name was reason enough to get its nonprofi t status questioned. It is fi tting that the center also houses a welcoming Latino/a Center.

26 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 Bisexual Pioneer ne block east and south of Univer- Tours Organized by the Osity on Park Boulevard is The Flame (3780 Park Blvd.), a refuge for lesbians from 1984 until 2004. Head north on Park to Local Arrangements fi nd two institutions nurtured by the internationally known bisexual pioneer, the Committee late Fritz Klein: Diversionary Theatre reregistration for the tours is highly recommended; (4545 Park Ave.) is the nation’s third oldest tickets are available via onsite registration up to one hour before the LGBT theater. Upstairs in Suite 205 is the Pscheduled departure of each tour, if space is still available. Tour tickets are Lambda Archives of San Diego (www. non-refundable and cannot be exchanged. Tour participants must be registered lambdaarchives.org), known during its for the AHA meeting. early days as the Gay and Lesbian Historical For full descriptions of each tour, please see pages 11–12 of the Program. Society of San Diego. Lambda Archives has signifi cant holdings that provide research- Tour 1: Sailing on the Tall Ship Californian (Maritime ers with a wealth of personal and organi- Museum of San Diego) zational collections as well as periodicals, Date, time: Friday, January 8, 10:30 A.M.–3:00 P.M. fi lms, and more. Unique collections of wide Meeting site: Meet in the Hyatt’s George Bush Room at 10:30 A.M. import include the national records of the for a walk to the museum. Gay Academic Union, the fi rst national Limit: 50 people. Fee: $30. queer organization of academics; the collections of Bridget Wilson and Gary Reese, Tour 2: Gaslamp District Walking Tour who organized the fi rst systematic national Date, time: Friday, January 8, 2:00–4:00 P.M. help for gays in the military; and the huge Meeting site: Meet in the Hyatt’s George Bush Room at 2:00 P.M. Limit: 40 people. Fee: $15. international, national, and local Pride Col- lection of Doug Moore. Tour 3: Point Loma Theosophical Colony Site and Cabrillo National Monument Blacks Beach Date, time: Friday, January 8, 2:00–5:00 P.M. Meeting site: Meet in the Hyatt’s George Bush Room at 2:00 P.M. for or a jaunt to the upper edge of the a bus tour. Fcity, take Interstate 5 north to La Jolla Limit: 49 people. Fee: $15. Village Drive exit west, where the Univer- sity of California at San Diego is home to Tour 4: Harlem of the West one of the leading student LGBT Resource Date, time: Saturday, January 9, 10:45 A.M.–12:30 P.M. Centers in the nation. To the west, just Meeting site: Meet in the Hyatt’s George Bush Room at 10:45 A.M. down the cliffs from the Salk Institute and Limit: 30 people. Fee: $ 10 San Diego’s glider port, is Blacks Beach. This internationally famous, clothing-op- Tour 5: Walking tour of the Asia Pacifi c Historical District tional beach was and is popular with queers. Date, time: Saturday, January 9, 10:45 A.M.–12:30 P.M. The bisexual beach is at the foot of the stairs Meeting site: Meet in the Hyatt’s George Bush Room at 10:45 A.M. while the gay beach is down to the right— Limit: 30 people. Fee: $10. though all mix politely. Note: clothing is required where the gay beach ends and the Tour 6: Balboa Park-Prado Walking Tour State Beach begins (north of the rocks that Date, time: Saturday, January 9, 2:00–4:00 P.M. jut out to the water). This historic beach has Meeting site: Meet in the Hyatt’s George Bush Room at 2:00 P.M. to drawn visitors from around the world since take a city bus to the park. its heyday in the 1970s and is enjoyable even Limit: 30 people. Fee: $10. on a pleasant day in January. Tour 7: San Diego Presidio and Mission Tour Elle Van Dermark is an instructor of American Date, time: Saturday, January 9, 2:00–5:00 P.M. Meeting site: Meet in the Hyatt’s George Bush Room at 2:00 P.M. for history at Grossmont College. Frank Nobiletti a bus to Presidio Hill. is president of Lambda Archives of San Diego Limit: 48 people. Fee: $15. and a lecturer in the history of sexuality at San Diego State University.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 27 San Diego and Historians This Land is Your (Exotic) Land: Agriculture in San Diego By Jeff Charles

isitors to San Diego—especially associated with dependence on the poorly in San Diego is historically interesting not those fl ying from the east over paid labor of Mexican migrants, heavy use of just because of its economic importance, Vthe desert mountains and looking transported water, and the overapplication but also because it represents a distinctive down on city sprawl—may be surprised to of pesticides and fertilizers. The region thus kind of farming—one that grows for an learn that agriculture has always been one fi ts within the larger patterns of California upscale consumer market, and that emerged of the top-grossing sectors of the county’s agriculture. Nonetheless, San Diego County partly in response to a vision of a subtropical economy. This achievement has required has created a successful niche for itself as a paradise promoted by early city boosters. intensive cultivation of specialized crops, and producer of avocados, fl owers, palms, and Of course, given its mild climate and has involved moral and environmental costs other exotic landscaping plants. Agriculture generally receptive soils, there has been no shortage of conventional agricultural products cultivated in the San Diego region. The area missions had success with grain, The Martin A. Klein and later the ranchos’ cattle herds made a major contribution to the “hide and tallow” Prize in African History trade of the mid-19th century. Immigrants arriving in the late 19th century estab- he AHA invites entries for the Martin A. lished thriving dairy operations, and north Klein Prize in African History. The prize is of the city became a center of lima bean Tintended to recognize the most distinguished production. San Diego followed the rest of work of scholarship on African history published in English during the Southern California into citrus, with the previous calendar year. The books must focus primarily on continental Africa (includ- eponymous Lemon Grove as a prosperous ing those islands usually treated as countries of Africa). Eligibility will otherwise be agricultural suburb. In the hills east of San defi ned quite broadly, to include books on any period of African history and from Diego, around the small town of Ramona, any disciplinary fi eld that incorporates a historical perspective. In making its selec- egg production fl ourished, and Ramona in tion, the prize committee will pay particular attention to methodological innovation, the 1930s also called itself the “turkey capital conceptual originality and literary excellence. Works that reinterpret old themes or of the world.” As rail shipping connections develop new theoretical perspectives are welcome. Anthologies, encyclopedias, and improved and reservoirs allowed more ex- other edited volumes will not be considered. tensive irrigation, crops timed to hit markets during the winter became a crucial part of Books published in the period January 1 through December 31, 2009, may be sub- the local economy. Production received a mitted by authors or publishers, by sending one copy to each of the three members major boost in the early 20th century when of the committee. Details about the prize can be found online at www.historians. Japanese immigrants moved to the area. In org/prizes/index.cfm?PrizeAbbrev=Klein. The names and contact information for addition to crops such as peppers, melons, the three committee members will also be posted on that web page after March 30, and strawberries, Issei farmers introduced 2010. Entries will not be returned. celery to the Chula Vista area, just south of the city. The crop’s successful shipping to The deadline for submission of entries is May 15, 2010. The prize will be pre- eastern markets boosted Chula Vista’s own sented at the January 6–9, 2011, AHA Annual Meeting in Boston. claim of world commodity supremacy, as The prize is named for Martin A. Klein, who is currently professor of history at the “celery capital of the world.” The tragic dis- ruption of the Japanese immigrant farming University of Toronto. Funding for the prize was completed thanks to a substantial community that occurred with World War donation from Dr. Mougo Nyaggah of California State University at Fullerton and II internment, as well as the rapid expan- his wife, Dr. Lynette Nyaggah. Mougo Nyaggah was Klein’s fi rst graduate student at sion of suburban development stimulated the University of California at Berkeley. Nyaggah credits the completion of his doc- by the war and defense industries, brought torate to Klein’s mentoring, guidance, enthusiasm, and commitment to the research an abrupt end to booster claims concern- and teaching of African history. ing more conventional crops. Today, winter cultivation of strawberries and tomatoes

28 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 persists, and Japanese American farm duction of fl owers and ornamental plants mercial development and excessive water families such as the renowned Chinos in demonstrates the infl uence of marketing use—remains uncertain. Rancho Santa Fe continue to grow exqui- that linked California with exotic products, Jeff Charles is an associate professor of history site produce, but these crops go to limited, suburban fulfi llment, and ever-blooming at California State University, San Marcos. if high-end, markets, and few claim world landscapes. Whether the county’s agricul- He is the author of Service Clubs in Ameri- leadership. ture can continue to supply this California can Society: Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions and is Remaining nationally prominent were dream, while at the same time surviving its currently working on a history of small farm- lucrative products that suited land develop- side effects—rampant residential and coming in California. ers’ promotion of San Diego as an edenic refuge. Nurserywoman Kate Sessions, who played a major role in landscaping Balboa Park, worked with developers to import and NNewew PublicationsPublications fromfrom tthehe plant such fl ora as fan palms, mock orange bushes, and bird of paradise fl owers, adding an exotic lushness to otherwise drab new American Historical Association subdivisions. Her infl uence helped create a domestic market for other horticulturalists, who began growing these plants to sell on New Essays on American a larger scale. One of the fl owers Sessions helped introduce to the area was the winter Constitutional History blooming “Christmas fl ower,” the poinsettia. ThisT new series is published by the American Historical Another grower, Paul Ecke, well understood Association,A in association with the Institute for the holiday appeal of this fl ower to eastern ConstitutionalC Studies. The essays are intended winter markets. He focused on the poinset- tot provide both students and teachers with brief, tia’s extensive cultivation north of San Diego, accessible,a and reliable introductions to some of the in Encinitas, becoming the “poinsettia mostm important aspects of American constitutional king.” Ecke was joined by growers of other developmentd and refl ect the leading scholarship in the cut fl owers and potted plants, especially after fi eld and address topics that are classic, timely, and World War II, when new greenhouse tech- alwaysa important. nology allowed a more intensive and varied The fi rst four titles in this new series—The War Powers: Original and Contemporary production, and rapid shipping allowed the by Louis Fisher, Women and the U.S. Constitution, 1776–1920 by Jean H. Baker, national delivery of fresh bouquets. The The Rights Revolution in the Twentieth Century by Mark V. Tushnet, and Federalism presence of these growers led the region to across the Nineteenth Century, 1785–1905 by James W. Ely Jr.—are now available. A claim one more agricultural crown: Encini- fi fth title, Race and the Constitution, 1776-1896 by Paul Finkelman, is forthcoming tas as “fl ower capital of the world.” Ecke in 2010. Each title in this series is $12. poinsettias are still based in Encinitas, but unfortunately, like all previous agricultural capitals in San Diego, Encinitas’s claims for Getting an Academic fl oral prominence have disappeared as residential development has proven more lucra- Job in History tive than greenhouses. byb Dana M. Polanichka Avocado growing was also infl uenced by real estate development, when boosters AfterA years of collecting data and volunteering advice imported avocado trees from Mexico in ono the history job search, Polanichka has distilled her knowledgek into this unique and invaluable must-read the 1920s and sold thousands of acres of forf all graduate students and helps fi nd a way through orchards by promising a wealthy and lei- tthe confusing and seemingly labyrinthine process of surely lifestyle growing an exotic new fruit. fi nding a job in the history profession. While most of these orchards were sub- 2009 112 pages ISBN 978-0-87229-166-9 $12 sequently cut down, avocado production surmounted its origins in real estate fantasy, slowly building a national market. Orchard Visit the AHA’s booths, #401 and #500, in the Exhbit Hall, located in the Douglas development eventually centered in the Pavilion of the Mancheser Grand Hyatt. north of San Diego County around the town of Fallbrook, where avocados became Find these and other publications and more for sale in the one of the county’s highest-grossing crops. Registration area, located in the Manchester Grand Hyatt, Douglas Pavilion A. San Diego County’s current national Or visit the AHA’s online Pubshop at www.historians.org/pubshop. leadership in avocado growing and the pro-

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 29 San Diego and Historians Of Borders and Bridges in Mexican and Chicana/o San Diego By Luis Alvarez

ess than 20 miles and a short drive or Ysidro. It is a reminder of the area’s history NAFTA and free trade is juxtaposed to the trolley ride from the U.S.-Mexican as part of the Spanish Empire, the Mexican ever-increasing militarization of the border Lborder, San Diego has long been Republic, and, more recently, a vibrant and control of people crossing from one shaped by its close-knit relationship with transnational metroplex. Just across the nation to the other. Mexico. The quick jaunt from the downtown border, the visible shantytowns perched along Of course, complexity and contradiction are convention and tourist quarters to Tijuana the hills of Tijuana emphatically underscore nothing new to this borderland. From a small skirts the historically Mexican and Mexican that the region is home to dramatic inequity, outpost of less than a thousand people at the American communities of Logan Heights, interdependence, and confl ict. It is here where turn of the 19th century to a global city of more southeast San Diego, Imperial Beach, and San the fl ow of goods and capital encouraged by than two million, Tijuana has conjured competing images in the minds of San Diegans. On the one hand, Tijuana has often been associated with immorality, violence, and per- version. On the other, it has been identifi ed Driving and Parking in San Diego as a place of desire and emancipation from the constricting character of life north of the Parking at the Hotels border. The city’s growth was fueled by migration northward during the Mexican Revo- All hotels have parking available. Current published rates for each 24-hour period lution and prohibition in the United States are: Manchester Grand Hyatt: $22 self service, valet $32; San Diego Marriott: during the 1920s, when “red zones” catered $22 self service, valet $32; Hilton San Diego Bayfront: $21 self service, valet $32; to American tourists seeking alcohol, prosti- Embassy Guest Suites San Diego Bay Downtown: no self service, valet $29. tution, and gambling. Vestiges of this history are still evident along the Tijuana/San Diego Additional Parking Options border, with its distinction as the busiest Parking zones throughout San Diego feature color-coordinated curbs and/or signs land crossing in the world. A stroll through to help drivers quickly identify parking rules for the area. A red curb means “no the popular shopping, restaurant, and night- stopping any time.” When signs are used in place of a red curb, the prohibition life districts along Avenida Revolución or a is in effect on the days and times specifi ed on the sign. White curbs indicate visit to the nearby beach resort of Rosarito a passenger-loading zone, and vehicles are allowed to stop for the purpose of reveals college spring breakers, U.S. military loading or unloading passengers. The time limit is 3 minutes, or 10 minutes in personnel on leave, and vacationing families front of a hotel. Yellow curbs designate a commercial loading zone with vehicles co-mingling with locals. Though the beauty permitted to stop for 20 minutes to load or unload goods. These zones are in of the region’s rocky coast and arid desert may effect from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Sundays excepted. Blue curbs signify disabled seem to stretch seamlessly from San Diego to parking zones, and vehicles displaying a distinguishing placard or license plate Tijuana, east to the quaint border town of issued to a disabled person by California may park in the zone. Out-of-state Tecate, and south to the fresh lobster haven placards are also honored. Green curbs denote a short-term time limit parking of Puerto Nuevo and the bustling port city of zone, and parking is limited to the time period stenciled on the curb or posted on Ensenada, it doesn’t take much to remember a sign. In most cases, the time limit is either 15 or 30 minutes. Short-term time that the border determines much of life and limit parking zones are in effect from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Sundays excepted. society in these parts. More than an extension of the Mexican Northwest, the U.S. South- Downtown San Diego has more than 55,000 parking spaces, west, or even a combination of the two, the many in large parking facilities. As the meeting hotels are San Diego-Tijuana borderlands defy simplis- near the convention center, there are several possibilities. tic classifi cation and are home to a myriad There is a 2,000-space structure on the corner of Harbor and of people, experiences, and history all their Eighth Avenue. There are additional lots within blocks of the own. hotels. As they are individually owned and operated, prices If the border has long been the preferred will vary according to location. metaphor to describe San Diego’s history with Mexico, it is a “bridge” that has come to

30 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 symbolize the checkered past of the city’s own Mexican origin population. In April 1970, the state of California announced plans to 2010 AHA build a highway patrol substation on a small piece of land under the Coronado Bridge PROGRAM COMMITTEE just southeast of downtown San Diego in Logan Heights, the oldest Mexican barrio in the city. At the height of the Chicana/o Chair: JANE KAMENSKY ROBERT C. RITCHIE Movement, the residents of Logan Heights Brandeis University Huntington Library protested, claiming the last thing their neighborhood needed was more police. Instead, they took over the little piece of land and Co-Chair: MATT MATSUDA ROBERT ROSENSTONE with their own picks and shovels began to Rutgers University- California Institute build a park. Practicing the self-determina- of Technology tion and community control advocated by New Brunswick the era’s militancy, the park was soon home AMON ALESA to playgrounds, grassy ﬁ elds, gathering areas DAVID GARRETT D S with an Aztec inspired pyramid-shaped kiosk Reed College University of Michigan as centerpiece, and, most notably, spectacular murals painted on the towering pillars of the SUDIPTA SEN bridge’s underbelly by Chicana/o artists ex- EMMA HIPOLITO University of California, Davis hibiting stories, images, and icons of pre-Co- University of California, Los lumbian, Mexican, and Chicana/o history. Nearly 40 years later, Chicano Park is a Angeles DENISE SPELLBERG short, 1.5-mile cab ride away from the AHA University of Texas at Austin meeting hotels in downtown San Diego. The KRISTIN HOGANSON park remains the heart of Logan Heights, University of Illinois YNN HOMAS having inspired community centers, health L T clinics, and community businesses in the at Chicago University of Washington surrounding area, including longtime institutions like the restaurant Cuatro Milpas on DOROTHY KO SHANE LANDRUM Logan Avenue, where standing in lines that Barnard College Brandeis University stretch out the door is well worth the wait. An afternoon spent “under the bridge” at Chicano Park is a stark reminder of the resil- iency of San Diego’s Chicana/o community and its past struggles for dignity, autonomy, and equality. The annual Chicano Park Day 2010 AHA LOCAL celebration in April; the park’s status as a focal point for marches, protests, and politi- ARRANGEMENTS COMMITTEE cal rallies; and, simply, everyday use of the park by the people of Logan Heights and San Diego, remind us that the legacy of the Chair: ROBERT EDELMAN RICK KENNEDY park is also about building a bridge to a better University of California, Point Loma Nazarene future. Though much more might be said about San Diego University San Diego’s rich and eventful Mexican and Chicana/o history, the city’s borders and Co-Chair: NANCY H. KWAK bridges are a starting point for ﬁ nding clues ELIZABETH COBBS HOFFMAN University of California, to how those who live there make sense of San Diego State University San Diego the past and struggle in the present. Luis Alvarez is associate professor of history at THOMAS BARTON ALYSSA GOLDSTEIN SEPINWALL the University of California, San Diego, and University of San Diego California State University, author of the forthcoming book, The Power of the Zoot: Identity and Resistance in U.S. San Marcos Youth Culture during World War II.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 31 San Diego and Historians The San Diego Dining Scene By Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall

ntil recently, San Diego hardly The following are a selection of some of the Sometimes uneven, but often spectacular. L fi gured in anyone’s mind as a city’s fi nest moderate to splurge restaurants, weekdays. Uculinary destination. In the last concentrated near downtown. San Diego Bandar (825 4th Ave. between E and F, 10 years, however, San Diego chefs (natives is largely a car-oriented city; those wishing 619-238-0101). High-quality Persian food and newcomers alike) have redefi ned the to stroll after dinner should focus on the in an elegant setting. Many vegetarian local dining landscape. They have drawn Gaslamp, East Village, Hillcrest, Little Italy, options; huge portions can be split (other- on several local strengths. First, San Diego’s Old Town, Balboa Park, Coronado, or La wise E). Sadaf (828 5th Ave. between E and local bounty has few equals: the freshest Jolla. F, 619-338-0008) is slightly less expensive. seafood, four-season produce from some of Please note that, as the economy slowed in Both L. the country’s most renowned organic farms, 2009, many top restaurants began offering Blue Point Coastal (565 5th Ave. and local specialty purveyors of cheese and bargain deals (for appetizers or their full between Island and Market, 619-233- chocolate. Second, the city’s great diversity menus) for early evening bar-area seating. 6623). Creative seafood, reliable, gorgeous of ethnic groups, along with its border Some of the best happy hours are marked historic room, best wine list downtown. E. setting, means San Diego restaurants offer below; visitors should check to see if they are Café Sevilla (555 4th Ave. between Island an unusually varied selection of cuisines. still offered at annual meeting time. Given and Market, 619-233-5979). Reasonable, fl a- Finally, as the economy boomed in San the economic downturn, it is possible that vorful tapas and Spanish food. Full bar, night- Diego, the county witnessed an explosion some of the pricier establishments may close club downstairs, a San Diego favorite. Very of innovative new restaurants helmed by between press time and the meeting, so please reasonable happy hour, 5–6:30 P.M. nightly. chefs drawn from around the world. Local, call in advance to confi rm. Candelas (416 3rd Ave. between Island and sustainable, and delicious—or fl avorful, Symbols: All are moderate unless marked J, 619-702-4455). Refi ned, elegant, Mexico- unusual, and inexpensive—today’s San (E) for expensive. All serve dinner. City style cuisine. L weekdays. Happy hour Diego restaurants offer a wide range of * indicates the writer’s favorite places to 5-7 P.M.; early bird special 4–6 P.M. Very E. possibilities. take out-of-town visitors. Chopahn (750 6th Ave. between F and G, The Gaslamp District, which surrounds B also serves breakfast; L also serves lunch 619-236-9236). Excellent Afghan food. L. E. the AHA meeting site, contains some of (only indicated for Gaslamp/Downtown). Confi dential (901 4th Ave. between San Diego’s best restaurants; however, it also Broadway and E, 619-696-8888). Stylish teems with overpriced and undistinguished tapas lounge full of chic 20-somethings. One restaurants that survive only on convention- Gaslamp of the best happy hours in town (one-half off eer patronage. Many of San Diego’s most Acqua Al 2 (322 5th Ave. between J and K, everything, 5–7 P.M. every night). Marble exciting kitchens lie outside of downtown in 619-230-0382). Best Italian in the Gaslamp; Room (535 5th Ave. between Island and neighborhoods accessible by cab or trolley. American outpost of a Florentine favorite. Market, 619-702-5595) wins raves for similar food in a more elegant atmosphere. Room for groups. E. Croce’s (802 5th Ave. between E and F, 619-233-4355). Perennial winner among locals for best in Gaslamp; lively atmo- Service Animals Welcome! sphere, reliable American food. Owned by Jim Croce’s widow Ingrid. L. E. Gaslamp Strip Club (340 5th Ave. he American Historical Association is committed to making between J and K, 619-231-3140). Grill- the annual meeting accessible. Service animals are welcome T your-own-steaks at moderate prices, if you at all events, sessions, and venues at the meeting. can handle the pun-fi lled decor. For more The Americans with Disabilities Act protects the right of people with disabilities traditional steakhouses, the best options (all to be accompanied by trained service animals in public places. Remember, not all E) are Morton’s (285 J St., 619-696-3369), disabilities are visible and service animals are not required to wear special equip- Donovan’s (570 K St., 619-237-9700), and ment or tags. Fleming’s (380 K St., 619-237-1155), very Service animals are working and should not be distracted without permission. reasonable and popular happy hour nightly until 7 P.M.

32 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 JSix (616 J St. at 6th, 619-531-8744). East Village Neighborhoods Accessible Favored by local foodies for innovative arti- and Other Parts of Downtown sanal California cuisine, in Hotel Solamar. by Trolley (5- to 25-minute walk) B/L. Free handmade pizza at bar Mon.–Fri. Little Italy 5–8 P.M. E. Lou & Mickey’s (224 5th Ave. between K * Café Chloe (721 9th Ave. between F One of San Diego’s hippest and most and L, 619-237-4900). Steaks and seafood, and G, 619-232-3242). A foodie favorite. walkable neighborhoods, lots of sidewalk gracious service. L (popular for power Creative French/California hybrid, outstand- seating. Best bets for Italian food are Buon lunches). E. ing price/quality ratio, great wine bar. B/L. Appetito (1609 India St., 619-238-9880), Mister Tiki Mai Tai Lounge (801 5th No reservations except for 5+. Trattoria Fantastica (1735 India St., 619- Ave. between E and F, 619-233-1183). Cowboy Star Restaurant and Butcher 234-1735), and Café Zucchero (1731 India Kitschy but hip Polynesian decor. Pan-Asian Shop (640 10th Ave. between G and St., 619-531-1731). Consider also Indigo and sushi menu. Happy-hour food specials. Market, 619-450-5880). New favorite for Grill (1536 India St., 619-234-6802) fea- Nobu (207 5th Ave. in Hard Rock Hotel, sustainable, organic steaks and seafood. L turing Chef Deborah Scott’s upscale South- 619-814-4124). A new San Diego hot spot, weekdays. E. western, and Sogno DiVino (1607 India St., 619-531-8887), an excellent wine bar with branch of Nobu empire. Black miso cod Currant American Brasserie (140 W. a great patio and tasty (if overpriced) appe- particularly famed. For budget-breakers Broadway between 1st and 2nd, 619-702- tizers. Anthology (1337 India St., 619-595- only! Very E. 6309). Beautiful room, innovative seasonal 0300), San Diego’s best jazz venue, offers Oceanaire (400 J St. between 4th and 5th, American. Popular happy hour, good cocktails reasonable happy hour prices, 5:30–7:30 P.M. 619-858-2277). San Diego’s favorite upscale and absinthe drinks, in Hotel Sofi a. B/L. E. seafood restaurant, stylish atmosphere, (otherwise quite E). Fish Market (750 N. Harbor Dr. between helmed by Top Chef’s Brian Malarkey. Good Broadway and G, 619-232-3474). Great Mission Valley Trolley Stop for groups. E. view, fresh fi sh, branch of popular chain. Ra Sushi (474 Broadway between 4th * Onami in Mission Valley Mall (1640 Moderate to E. L. and 5th, 619-321-0021). Arguably the best Camino Del Rio N., 619-295-9774). Ex- sushi in Gaslamp, nightclub-like atmo- Grant Grill (326 Broadway at 5th, 619- cellent buffet, popular with Asian families. Large variety of fresh all-you-can-eat sushi, sphere. Half-off sushi Mon.–Fri. 3–7 P.M., 744-2077). Downtown’s classic fi ne-dining Asian salads and vegetables, hot food, Sun. 8–11 P.M. Its rival is Taka Sushi (555 restaurant, in the historic US Grant Hotel. 5th Ave. between Island and Market, 619- Ambitious new menu with local produce. desserts. $24/dinner. 338-0555). More low-key, very fresh fi sh. B/L. E. Old Town Karl Strauss Brewery (1157 Columbia St. Rama (327 4th Ave. between J and K, San Diego’s original 19th-century neigh- between B and C, 619-234-2739). Excellent 619-501-8424). Expensive but refi ned Thai borhood, now a State Historic Park, defi - beer, above-average food, toward Little Italy. cuisine, rated San Diego’s best, elegant. May nitely worth a visit. L. enforce $25 minimum at dinner. L. E. Berta’s Latin American (3928 Twiggs St., Red Pearl Asian Kitchen (440 J St. Lotus Thai (906 Market St. at 9th, 619- 619-295-2343). Beautiful but casual setting between 4th and 5th, 619-231-1100). 595-0115). One of the better Thai restau- in old house in Old Town; dishes from Pan-Asian cuisine, nightclub atmosphere, rants downtown. L weekdays. across Latin America. popular with large groups. Roy’s in Marriott (333 W. Harbor Dr., 619-239-7697). Pacifi c Rim/Hawaiian; 2009 Plenary Session local branch of Chef Roy Yamaguchi’s res- Musical Encounters in the Early taurant empire. Great fl avors. E. Sammy’s California Pizza (770 4th Ave. Atlantic: An Exploratory Performance between F and G, 619-230-8888). Local Friday, January 7, 7:30 P.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom F chain, popular with families; tapas, salads, creative pizzas, wine; not inexpensive. L. Presiding Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, Harvard Univ. Soleil@K (660 K St. at 7th, 619-446- Chair Karen Ordahl Kupperman, New York Univ. 6088). In the Gaslamp Marriott; rare hotel restaurant drawing foodies from around the Participants: Sounding the North The Stingray Point Story city. California cuisine, delicious fl atbreads, Americans: The European Record of Early Jeanne McDougall, and impressive presentations. Great patio. Musical Contact Univ. of Southern California B/L. Moderate to E. Walter W. Woodward, Bob Zentz, folksinger (www.bobzentz. Tabule (535 4th Ave. between Island and Univ. of Connecticut com), accompanied by students and faculty Market, 619-238-0048). Eclectic Med- A Voyage to the Islands: Reconstructing African from the Early Music Program, Thornton iterranean-Asian fusion wins raves from Music from Seventeenth-Century Jamaica School of Music, Univ. of Southern local foodies; in historic Chinese laundry Richard Rath, Univ. of Hawaíi at Manoa California, Adam Knight, director. building. Moderate to E.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 33 The 123rd Annual MeetingOther Nearby Neighborhoods Accessible Via Cab Luncheons at the 124th Annual Meeting Hillcrest (highly recommended) Arrivederci (3845 4th Ave., 619-299- Friday, January 8, 12:00–2:00 P.M. Saturday, January 9, 12:15–1:45 P.M. 6282). Lively and reasonable Italian. Conference on Latin American History AHA Modern European History Section Bite (1417 University Ave., 619-299- Marriott, Randle Ballroom A Presidential Luncheon 2483). Wildly popular local tapas bar, Presiding: Mary Kay Vaughan, Univ. of Hyatt, Emma A helmed by Chef Chris Walsh. Maryland at College Park Presiding: Steven M. Avella, Marquette Univ. and incoming president, ACHA Café Bleu (530 University Ave., 619-291- Visit CLAH’s information desk in the Hyatt’s 1717). Outstanding value, tasty French- America’s Cup Foyer for details. Blessing and Remarks: Most Rev. Robert H. Brom D.D., Bishop of San Diego California food at reasonable prices, terrifi c Friday, January 8, 12:15–1:45 P.M. Presidential Address: The Anger of the Abbots happy hour specials (5–7 P.M. nightly). in the Thirteenth Century , William Chester Pleasant ambiance, friendly service. Large se- American Society of Church History Jordan, Princeton Univ. and president, lection of wines by the glass and half-glass. Distinguished Career Award Luncheon ACHA Kemo Sabe (3958 5th Ave., 619-220- for David C. Steinmetz Award Presentations: John Gilmary Shea Prize 6802). Chef Deborah Scott’s justly celebrat- Marriott, Manchester 1 (published work on the Catholic Church); ed Southwestern/Asian fusion showplace. Chair: Grant Wacker, Duke Univ.; Howard Marraro Prize (Italian or Italian Panel: David Fink, Duke Univ.; American history); Peter Guilday Prize (fi rst Generous portions, outstanding service, great Sachiko Kusukawa, Trinity Coll., Univ. article accepted by the editors of the Catholic room. Good for groups. Moderate to E. of Cambridge; Mickey L. Mattox, Marquette Historical Review). * Khyber Pass (523 University Ave., 619- Univ.; G. Sujin Pak, Duke Univ.; Comment: 294-7579). High-quality Afghan food, one David C. Steinmetz, Duke Univ. College Board of best ethnic restaurants in the city, great Marriott, Manchester 1 patio. Conference on Asian History Cosponsored with the AHA Teaching Division Marriott, Cardiff Room and the World History Association Kous-Kous (3940 4th Ave., 619-295- Presiding: George M. Wilson, Indiana Univ.; Presiding: Allison Clark, College Board; 5560). A rare Moroccan restaurant without Speaker: Asia Redux: Conceptualizing Asia for Speaker: Latin American Popular Culture: It’s Orientalist kitsch; inventive, delicious, Our Time, Prasenjit Duara, National Univ. of Been All around Us for Two Centuries, William neighborhood favorite. Singapore Beezley, Univ. of Arizona * Ortega’s, A Mexican Bistro (141 Uni- The luncheon is open to all. For tickets, please versity Ave., 619-692-4200). Complex e-mail [email protected]. Those who only Coordinating Council for Women want to hear the talk are welcome to arrive at Puerto Nuevo-style cuisine; stylish, cozy. in History 12:45 P.M. Great cocktails, good for groups. Marriott, Atlanta/Chicago Rooms Pasha Mediterranean (3614 5th Ave., Presiding: Carolyn A. Brown, Rutgers Univ.- Organization of History Teachers 619-294-4444). Organic and Halal Turk- Hyatt, Madeleine C New Brunswick and co-president, CCWH; Kathleen C. Berkeley, Univ. of North Carolina ish-Mediterranean cuisine, lots of veggie Presiding: Thomas R. English, George at Wilmington and co-president, CCWH; School and president, OHT options, very reasonable. Speaker: Global Flows of Feminism, Ellen C. Saigon on Fifth (3900 5th Ave., 619-220- Speaker: The Confederate Vision for Mod- Dubois, Univ. of California, Los Angeles ernizing Slavery, John Majewski, Univ. of Cali- 8828). Best Vietnamese near downtown, fornia, Santa Barbara upscale, with a touch of Indochine. Varied AHA Modern European History Section menu, nice spicing. Simpler and more Satuarday, January 9, 12:00–1:45 P.M. Hyatt, Annie A humble choices lie in farther-out neighbor- American Catholic Historical Presiding: Deborah Hertz, Univ. of Cali- hoods like City Heights (Saigon, 4133 Uni- Association fornia, San Diego and section chair; Robert versity Ave., 619-284-3034) and Convoy. Weinberg, Swarthmore Coll. and section The Fish Market, 750 North Harbor Dr. secretary-treasurer; Speaker: Private Acts and Presiding: Andrew Jon Rotter, Colgate Univ.; Public Anxieties: The Debate over Male Homo- Banker’s Hill/Balboa Park/ Speaker: Ambassador Michael Armacost, Sho- sexuality in the Federal Republic of Germany, Mission Hills renstein Distinguished Fellow, Stanford Univ. Robert G. Moeller, Univ. of California, Irvine Avenue 5 (2760 5th Ave., 619-542-0394). For information about tickets, please contact The luncheon is open to all. Tickets can be [email protected]. purchased at the annual meeting at the meal Delicious French-California bistro food ticket cashier’s window or at the door. Indi- within walking distance of Balboa Park. Very viduals who only want to hear the speech are reasonable happy-hour menu, Tues.–Sun., invited to arrive at 12:45 P.M. 5–8. * Bertrand at Mr. A’s (2550 5th Ave., 619-239-1377). San Diego’s fi ne-dining institution, with spectacular views of the city, outstanding service, and surprisingly good Continental cuisine. For the same view on a

34 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 budget, consider the patio, with simpler food ality; festive, many vegetarian choices, vodka * Nine-Ten (910 Prospect St., 858-964- at reasonable prices (Kobe sliders, truffl ed by the inch. Ideal for Russianist groups. 5400). Superb California cuisine à la carte mac and cheese). Moderate to very E. * Urban Solace in North Park (3823 30th or via Jason Knibb’s Mercy of the Chef Hexagone (495 Laurel St., 619-236- St., 619-295-6464). 2008’s best new restau- Menu. E. 0467). French classics like coq au vin, a few rant, ridiculously tasty reinvented comfort * Ocean Terrace at George’s (1250 leafy blocks from the park. Very reasonable food, very reasonable. Prospect St., 858-454-4244). Locals’ happy-hour menu, 5–7 P.M. nightly; wine favorite for spectacular views with delicious list is heavy on American wines. Farther North: Worth a Drive and reasonable California cuisine. Izakaya Masa (928 Fort Stockton Dr., or a Train Ride * Tapenade (7612 Fay Ave., 858-551- 619-542-1354). Authentic Japanese dishes 7500). Modern Provençal cooking in a unavailable in sushi joints. Largely Japanese ome of San Diego’s most exciting restau- stylish setting; moderate fi xed-price menu clientele. Tiny, not for groups. Srants are in the La Jolla/Del Mar area (20- Sun.–Thurs. 5:30–7:30 P.M. E. * Prado (1549 El Prado, 619-557-9441). to 30-minute drive north of downtown). Nuevo Latino in a gorgeous Balboa Park Del Mar setting. Celebrated full bar. Terrifi c choice Solana Beach * Market (3702 Via de la Valle, 858-523- for fi rst-time San Diego visitors. Moderate to For a daytime excursion, consider taking 0007). Cutting-edge cooking with Chino E, though bar menu offers reasonable casual Amtrak or the Coaster north from Santa Fe Farms produce. E. choices (grilled steak quesadilla, crab panini). Depot to Solana Beach (35 minutes) to walk La Jolla on the sand and have a delicious breakfast Coronado (accessible via ferry or cab) * Jai (2910 La Jolla Village Dr., 858-638- or lunch out. All are within two blocks of * 1500 Ocean in the Hotel Del Coronado 7778). Exciting Wolfgang Puck Asian fusion, the station (train schedules available at www. (via cab, 1500 Orange Ave., 619-522-8490). chic decor, at University of California at San gonctd.com/coaster_schedules.htm and Spectacular seafood and organic produce; Diego. E www.amtrak.com). one of the city’s best. Ocean views from some tables, but restaurant mostly focuses inward. Very E. AHA Receptions at the 124th Annual Meeting Candela’s on the Bay (next to the ferry landing, 1201 1st St. #115, 619-435-4900). Friday, January, 8, 5:30–7:00 P.M. on Minority Historians will invite those Sister to downtown Candela’s; expensive and present to share memories of John Hope not quite as good, but with dramatic views of Reception and Forum for Franklin. downtown. Most worthwhile during happy Two-Year Faculty Public Historians’ Reception hour/early bird special, 4–6 P.M. Also B/L. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C Il Fornaio (next to the ferry landing, 1333 The AHA cordially invites faculty teaching The AHA’s Professional Division, the 1st St., 619-437-4911). Upscale Italian chain, at two-year and community colleges to attend this reception. An open forum American Association for State and Local chiefl y recommended for its superb views, starting at 5:45 P.M. will be devoted to History, and the National Council on great patio, and pleasant atmosphere. Food sharing ideas on how the AHA can better Public History cordially invite public histo- can be inconsistent, but with some real highs. serve two-year faculty. rians and anyone with an interest in public Peohe’s (next to the ferry landing, 1201 1st history to join them for informal conversa- tion with colleagues. St., 619-437-4474). Panoramic downtown/ Friday, January 8, 6:30–8:00 P.M. water views, good steaks and seafood, tropical theme. E. Reception for Graduate Students Saturday, January 9, 7:30–9:00 P.M. Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom C There are less expensive but less memorable The AHA Graduate and Early Career Com- Part-time and Adjunct Reception restaurants next to the ferry landing and along mittee invites graduate students attending Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom B Orange Ave. the 2010 annual meeting to their reception. The AHA Professional Division welcomes Other Neighborhoods part-time and adjunct faculty to this reception. (10- to 15-minute cab ride Saturday January 9, 6:00–7:30 P.M. from downtown) Committee on Minority Historians’ Reception C Level at Island Prime (880 Harbor Hyatt, Elizabeth Ballroom A Island Dr., 619-298-6802). Casual lounge The Committee on Minority Historians part of stylish seafood/steak restaurant; spa cordially invites minority scholars, graduate food choices too. Spectacular water view, students, and others attending the 2010 good food, reasonable prices. annual meeting to their cash-bar reception. During the reception, the Committee Pomegranate in North Park (2302 El Cajon Blvd., 619-297-4007). Flavorful Georgian-Russian food served with person-

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 35 The 123rd Annual Meeting * Café Zinc in the Cedros Design District (132 S. Cedros Ave., 858-793-5436). Chez HistoriansTV at the Panisse-inspired vegetarian food, wonderful cakes and espresso, 7 A.M.–4 P.M. every day; th consider walking a block south afterward to 124 Annual Meeting Leaping Lotus, San Diego’s best place for unusual gifts, with more than 120 artisan uring the 124th annual meeting, the American Historical Association will booths. Dcontinue its partnership with WebsEdge of London to produce a daily * The Naked Café (106 S. Sierra Ave., television program, HistoriansTV, a production that began earnestly last year at 858-259-7866). 7 A.M.–2:30 P.M. every day. the 123rd annual meeting in New York City and was a rousing success. Have a healthy breakfast or lunch at a surfer favorite. Each day of the meeting a new 30-minute news program will be broadcast * Waters Café (125 S. Hwy. 101, 858- which will include interviews with key speakers, news from the meeting fl oor, 509-9400). Make your own picnic. Lunch and several fi ve-minute, prerecorded “thought leadership fi lms” that will highlight Mon.–Sat., take-out soups, salads, sand- programs, policies, technologies, best practices, and institutions that advance wiches, entrees, desserts from San Diego’s the goal of historical research, collections, historical scholarship, public history, best caterer. and education. These feature segments will profi le historical research centers, government agencies, libraries and archives, colleges and universities, museums, historical attractions, and institutions from around the country. For the More Adventurous The daily news will be broadcast each day on a dedicated TV channel in the onsider taking the trolley to the border and dining in Tijuana (depending on the hotel rooms of meeting attendees at no charge and on several plasma screens C State Department Travel Advisory at meeting placed in the meeting hotels, the Manchester Grand Hyatt and the San Diego time). In the Zona Río, try Cien Años (Calle Marriott Hotel & Marina. Portions of the recorded shows will also be available on José María Velasco 1407, www.cien.info), a designated web site after the meeting and on HistoriansTV DVDs to be made which offers “Alta Cocina Mexicana” in an available to members after the meeting. upscale atmosphere. E. Closer to the tourist center, try La Costa (8131 7th St. at Revo- The daily news programs will include prefi lmed material to bring key issues, lución) for excellent and reasonable seafood programs, and interviews to attendees and will be recorded by reporters with in a pleasant atmosphere or Chiki Jai (1388 experience on BBC and CNN (the head of production has served as the BBC Ave. Revolución at 8th) for Basque food. evening news producer for over a decade). Major speeches and reactions to the There are myriad inexpensive taquérias—ask day at the meeting itself are fi lmed and included as part of the evening news locals for suggestions! show. At the meeting there will be a HistoriansTV reporter reporting from the meeting, as well as a HistoriansTV news desk. Television cameras will be on site at For Further Reading the meeting each day, interviewing attendees, visiting the exhibit hall, and taping or further information on the San Diego major daily events. The daily program will be edited onsite to ensure that up-to- Frestaurant scene, start with www.yelp. the-minute news is covered. Each day a new 30- to 45-minute show is produced. com (offering extensive user reviews plus The programming is supported by a TV Program Guide that will be included in links to restaurant web sites). See also www. attendee registration packs distributed at the meeting with badges. sandiegoreader.com/food_and_drink/ (Naomi Wise’s reviews) or http://enter- Check the AHA’s web site at www.historians.org/annual for more information. tainment.signonsandiego.com/sections/ To view program footage from last year’s annual meeting, go to the HistoriansTV restaurants/ (the San Diego Union-Tribune’s web site at www.historianstv.com. dining guide). Online reservations for the more upscale restaurants listed can be made HistoriansTV—be sure to look out for it at the 124th annual meeting! at www.opentable.com.

Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall is associate professor of history at California State University, San Marcos and a member of the Local Ar- rangements Committee. Like many French historians, she is an avid foodie.

36 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 San Diego and Historians Eating Cheaply and Well Near San Diego’s Gaslamp District By Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall

hough many restaurants in San Fish and chips, boxtys, and stews most recom- Richard Walker’s Pancake House (520 Diego’s Gaslamp District are pricey, mended. Inexpensive/moderate for lunch and Front St. between Island and Market, 619-231- Tcheap and tasty eats can be found dinner (sometimes live music); breakfast on 7777). A favorite of tourists and locals; free there if one is careful. There are also excellent weekends. WiFi; lines can be long; 6:30 A.M.–2:30 P.M. inexpensive restaurants in other parts of It’s a Grind (690 1st Ave. between Market downtown and in nearby neighborhoods and G, 619-546-6971). Comfortable chairs, Royal India (329 Market St. at 4th, 619- accessible by trolley or cab. The Hyatt good coffee, friendly service, free WiFi. 269-9999); Gourmet India (810 4th Ave. and Marriott are on the southwestern end Popular among downtown workers. at F, 619-702-7967); and Monsoon (729 of downtown, 5–15 minutes away from Kansas City Barbecue (600 W. Harbor Dr. 4th Ave. at G, 619-234-5555) are the best Gaslamp destinations. Please consult the at W. Market, 619-231-9680). Setting for the Indian restaurants downtown, all have lunch map if you are pressed for time; cross-streets movie Top Gun, this is a local favorite across buffets ($11–12), but are more expensive at are given after each address. San Diego’s from the Hyatt. Dinner too; open until 1 A.M. dinner. The latter two are fancier. most characteristic “cheap eat” is the fi sh Nordstrom Café (Horton Plaza, Nord- taco. Its classic iteration is Baja-style deep- strom’s 3rd fl oor, enter at 1st and G, 619-239- Seaport Village (849 West Harbor fried fi sh in a soft taco with cabbage, tomato 1700). Hidden gem; excellent soup, salads, Dr., 619-235-4014) may not be the city’s salsa, and a white sauce; however, many sandwiches, pasta, and desserts, outstand- culinary mecca, but it offers the San Diego restaurants offer variations, such as grilled ing city views. Even cheaper: Horton Plaza of meeting-goers’ dreams: outdoor dining mahi-mahi with tropical salsas. Food Court, which is scenic and quick if not with gorgeous water views. Adjacent to the gourmet; options include panini, Mongolian Hyatt, it offers many breakfast and lunch Breakfast or Quick Lunch BBQ, sushi, and salads. La Salsa features the possibilities. Fast, inexpensive choices Up to a 15-Minute Walk best fast-food fi sh taco downtown, grilled include pizza, sandwiches, coffee/pastries, mahi-mahi with an array of salsas. (Rubio’s, fi sh and chips, and burgers. Among the Beach City Market in Horton Plaza (1st San Diego’s best-known fi sh-taco purveyor, more expensive sit-down restaurants, Edge- Ave. between F and G, 619-232-2491). no longer has downtown locations.) water Grill offers a full breakfast menu. Grab ’n’ go with limited seating; hot break- fasts; deli, sushi, juice, coffee bar, salad, pasta, lunchtime barbecue; veggie options. Cheese Shop (627 4th Ave. between G Cheap Splurges: Dessert and Market, 619-232-2303). Highly rated hether you need a treat after hours in the Job Center or simply want to deli. Sandwiches, salads; table service. Break- Wsatisfy your sweet tooth during the conference, here are some of the best fast all day. Inexpensive to moderate. dessert places in the Gaslamp. Chocolat Cremerie (509 5th Ave. between Gelato Frizzante (435 Island Ave. between 4th and 5th). Delicious gelato (see Island and Market, 619-238-9400). Savory also Chocolat Cremerie, “Eating Cheaply”). and sweet crepes, breakfast croissants, artisan Yogotango (711 4th Ave. between F and G). Considered the best of the new- fl atbreads, salads, espresso, real Italian gelato. style frozen yogurt places in the Gaslamp. Flavors from mango to green tea, Open all day, cute decor. toppingspp g from blackberry y to almond cookie. Consider also Pinkberry (209 5th Ciro’s (536 Market St. between 5th and Ave. betweenbetween K andand L), kknownnow for its pomegranate and tart fl avors. 6th, 619-696-0405). Tasty and cheap if in- authentic New York pizza, multiple varieties. ZanzibarZanzibar Café (707(707 G St. between 7th and 8th). Wonderful selection of If you’re a New Yorker in diaspora in need of lluscioususcio cakes and cookies, with great coffee or wine. the real stuff, take a cab one evening directly In Little Italy, a 20-minute walk or trolley ride, to Bronx Pizza in Banker’s Hill (111 Wash- but worth it for the most celebrated sweets in San ington St., 619-291-3341). Great pies, real Diego is Karen Krasne’s Extraordinary Desserts pizzeria ambiance. (1430 Union St. between Ash and Beech). Not in- The Field (544 5th Ave. between Island and expensive but worth the splurge. Market, 619-232-9840). Terrifi c Irish pub, —Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall great food and atmosphere, near both hotels.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 37 Sultan Shawarma (543The 4th Ave. 123 between rdtasty Annual (if pricey) panini. GoodMeeting patio, famed Farther Away but Worthwhile Island and Market, 619-231-1824). Excel- for its mochas. lent Middle Eastern food, limited patio Zanzibar Café (707 G St. between 7th Bread and Cie in Hillcrest (350 University seating. and 8th, 619-230-0125). Fifteen-minute Ave. between 3rd and 4th, 619-683-9322). Tin Fish (170 6th Ave. at L, 619-238- walk but worth it. Great café, restaurant, A short cab ride from downtown, this busy 8100). Casual fi sh restaurant, great patio, wine bar, and gourmet market. Take-out cafe features San Diego’s best breads and popular. pastries, espresso, panini, salads, creative pastries, along with sandwiches, soups, and Toscana (238 5th Ave. between K and L, omelettes; reasonable dinner menu; excel- desserts. 619-231-5788). Café and wine bar, with lent atmosphere and food. The Mission (1250 J St. between Park and 13th, 619-232-7662). Well worth the 20- minute walk for copious portions of delicious, creative Latino-infl ected breakfast and lunch (from pancakes to Chino-Latino wraps. Long waits during prime times on weekends. Best Bars in the Gaslamp SDMA Sculpture Court Café by n weekends, the Gaslamp District becomes San Diego’s nightlife epicenter. Giuseppe (619-702-6373). Those who OHere are a few of downtown’s most interesting watering holes. can escape to Balboa Park during the day Altitude Sky Lounge (660 K St. at 7th). Bars on hotel rooftops have proliferated (via cab or Park Blvd. bus) should not miss since Petco Park opened in 2004. This bar on the Gaslamp Marriott’s roof is one this jewel in the San Diego Art Museum’s of the city’s hottest. It offers panoramic views, specialty martinis, a bird’s-eye view spectacular sculpture garden. Salads, artisan into the ballpark, plus a fi re-pit, live DJ, palm trees, couches, and no cover. Those pizzas, cocktails. 11 A.M.–4 P.M. only. who dine at Soleil@K or stay at the Gaslamp Marriott can bypass the queue. Very reasonable happy hour Mon.–Fri. 5–7 P.M. and all day Sunday; bar food from Soleil@K. Dinner Two other great rooftop bars with no cover (albeit pricey drinks) are Beach Bar (421 W. B St.) at the W Hotel, with sand fl oor (fl ip-fl ops optional) or LoungeSix Gaslamp (up to 15-minute walk) atop the Hotel Solamar (616 J St.) for a less noisy experience and no line, around the hotel’s rooftop pool. Bare Back Grill (624 E St. between 6th Bondi (333 5th Ave. between J and K). Australian bar-restaurant (more cel- and 7th, 619-237-9990). Laid-back New ebrated as a bar). Stylish decor, terrifi c Australian beer and wine selection, often Zealand bar-and-burger joint, with organic live music. beef, lamb, and veggie options; some say House of Blues (1055 5th Ave. between Broadway and C). San Diego’s best and best burgers in San Diego. Happy-hour most intimate concert venue; free house bands on nights without major concerts specials. Lunch too. booked. Brian’s 24 (828 6th Ave. between E and F, Palace Bar (311 Island Ave. between 3rd and 4th). Not a city hotspot (in fact, 619-702-8410). Surprisingly elegant diner you may not even fi nd a server!), but its location in the 19th-century Horton open 24/7 in historic St. James hotel, break- Grand Hotel and its permanent exhibit of turn-of-the-century photos of the Asian fast all day, extensive menu, full bar. Pacifi c Historic District (San Diego’s Chinatown) are worth a visit. (Please call Broadway Taco Company (638 Broadway ahead, 619-544-1886, if you have a group wishing to go and want to ensure it between 6th and 7th, 619-239-0388). will be open.) Simple but clean fast-food taco shop, many Many Gaslamp restaurants listed in the dining articles also have lively bars. Try veggie options, generous portions; also open Croce’s (live jazz every night), Sevilla (nightclub adjacent to the restaurant, with breakfast, lunch. dancing from salsa to hip hop), the Field Irish Pub, or any of the places listed as having good happy hours (such as Currant, Confi dential, Basic Urban Kitchen, La Puerta (560 4th Ave. between Island and La Puerta). As an alternative to the hotel bars without walking very far, consider and Market, 619-696-3466). Widely ac- also the San Diego Wine and Culinary Center (200 Harbor Dr.) for reasonable claimed, hip and inexpensive Mexican res- fl ights of local wines with pleasant seating and a light menu. taurant and lounge; open late, happy hour, —Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall street tacos, lunch too. Old Spaghetti Factory (275 5th Ave. at K, 619-233-4323). Recommended for families only. Large portions of Americanized Italian food in a kitschy decor. Long waits. Sushi Deli 2 (135 Broadway between 1st and 2nd, 619-233-3072). Divey, cheap, and packed; great for the price.

38 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 East Village and Other Parts of Mimmo’s Italian Village (1743 India St., simple and healthy Thai in café atmosphere Downtown (15- to 20-minute walk) 619-239-3710). Excellent salads, Sicilian- (superb sticky rice with mango). style subs and pizzas in a pleasant atmo- Basic Urban Kitchen (410 10th Ave. sphere, plus wine and espresso bars. Old Town Station between Island and J, 619-531-8869). Old Town Mexican Café (2489 San Diego Simple menu of salad and “New Haven Ave., 619-297-4330) and Café Coyote (2461 thin crust brick oven pizzas” with myriad Washington Street Station San Diego Ave., 619-291-4695). Locals’ toppings (mashed potato is a favorite). El Indio (3695 India St., 619-299-0333). favorite places to take out-of-towners in Loud, hip urban bar vibe. Huge portions; A San Diego favorite since 1940 for simple historic Old Town. Homemade tortillas and be sure to share. Great value for downtown, homemade Mexican fast food. large portions. There are kitschier places in highly recommended. Even better: free pizza Saffron (3731 India St., 619-574-7737). Old Town with nice patio/gardens and stroll- at happy hour, Mon.–Fri., 4–6 P.M. Run by the Julia Child of Thai cuisine; ing mariachis, but these have the best food. Gen Lai Sen (1065 Park Blvd. between C and Broadway, 619-239-5478). Best Chinese food downtown, next to San Diego City College. Large menu of Americanized dishes, but best known for its Hakka specialties. 25-minute walk or short cab ride. Also lunch. Kebab Shop (630 9th Ave. between G and Market, 619-525-0055). Excellent and cheap doner kebabs, veggie options, pleasant, ample seating. Also lunch. Neighborhood (777 G St. at 8th, 619- 446-0002). Fun gastropub popular with chefs ﬁ nishing their shifts; delicious burgers, veggie options; open late; 20+ microbrews on tap. Lunch too. Pokez (947 E St. between 9th and 10th, 619-702-7160). Mexican and vegetarian, artsy, counter service, also breakfast and lunch. Salazar’s (1502 Market St. between 15th and 16th, 619-238-9674). A healthy walk and a world away; worth it for homestyle Mexican-American food in a relaxed atmosphere (jukebox, vinyl booths). Breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Stout Public House (1125 6th Ave. between B and C, 619-702-7933). Popular Irish pub with unusually varied menu, from creative burgers to grilled salmon salad. Also lunch. Neighborhoods Accessible via Trolley Little Italy Station (or 15- to 20-minute walk from Hyatt) Burger Lounge (1608 India St., 619-237- 7878). Hip, organic, green, and casual; delicious burgers (beef, turkey, or housemade veggie). Enoteca Style (1445 India St., 619-546- 7138). Stylish wine bar with reasonable, high-quality panini and salads, at south end of Little Italy toward downtown. Filippi’s Pizza Grotto (1747 India St., 619-232-5094). Enormous portions of Italian food, a San Diego institution.

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 39 Other Nearby NeighborhoodsThe 123 rd Jyoti-BihangaAnnual in Normal Meeting Heights (3351 Soltan Banoo in University Heights Accessible Via Cab Adams Ave., 619-282-4116). A bit farther (4645 Park Blvd., 619-298-2801). Delicious from downtown. Delicious, copious veg- Persian-inspired salads, wraps, rice stews in a Amarin Thai in Hillcrest (3843 Richmond etarian food in a peaceful atmosphere, run funky atmosphere. St., 619-296-6056). Excellent Thai food. by followers of Shri Chinmoy. El Comal in North Park (3946 Illinois Which Wich in Hillcrest (3825 5th St., 619-294-8292). Colorful neighborhood Mama Testa’s in Hillcrest (1417A Uni- Ave., 619-574-9424). Casual, creative hot restaurant serving San Diego’s most authen- versity Ave., 619-298-8226). Delicious sandwich chain with fun atmosphere. Great tic Mexican soul food, from grilled cactus taqueria, festive but low-key, hormone-free place for a cheap bite before exploring Hill- and pork pozole to pescado al ajillo. Full bar, meats, veggie choices, best guacamole in crest. many veggie choices. Worth the 15-minute town, outstanding salsa bar. cab ride. Muzita Abyssinian Bistro in University Farther Afi eld (with car; too Islander Grill in South Park (3645 Park Heights (4651 Park Blvd., 619-546-7900). impractical to go by cab) Blvd., 619-297-3929). Guamanian cuisine, Stylish Eritrean/Ethiopian with a coffee- Chula Vista (15-minute drive south of very popular. Only open until 8 P.M. Tues.– house vibe, based on local produce. Gracious downtown or 45-minute trolley ride plus Sat. and 6 P.M. Sun. service. Inexpensive/moderate. walk). Home to branches of several popular Tijuana restaurants. Those who prefer not to cross the border but are willing to travel for authentic Tijuana food might try Aqui es Texcoco (1043 Broadway, 619-427-4045), Childcare known for its barbecued lamb tacos, cactus salad, and huitlacoche (corn fungus) quesa- for the dillas (a 20-minute walk from the Palomar 124th Annual Meeting Trolley Stop). Convoy Area (San Diego’s gourmet destination for authentic Asian food): Jasmine he AHA provides the names of the following childcare suppliers as a service to (4609 Convoy St., 858-268-0888) or Tmembers who may be interested, but the AHA assumes no responsibility for their China Max (4698 Convoy St., 858-650- performance, licensing, insurance, and so on. Companies note that they are fully insured, 3333) for dim sum and seafood; Dumpling licensed, and bonded, and that they will make arrangements to provide childcare in the Inn (4619 Convoy St., 858-268-9638) for client’s hotel room or elsewhere. Pay rates are generally based on a caregiver’s training dumplings and Taiwanese specialties; Ba Ren (4957 Diane Ave., 858-279-2520) or and experience and the requirements of the particular engagement. Typical rates are Dede’s (4647 Convoy St., 858-279-5999) $15 to $25 per hour. If plans must be made closer to the meeting dates, attendees can for Szechuan; Convoy Tofu House (4229 also call their selected hotel’s concierge desk for a list of childcare providers. Convoy St., 858-573-2511) for Korean spe- Care4hire.com. P.O. Box 2202, Norfolk, NE 68702. 402-379-7811. E-mail cialties. submission from web site’s “Contact Us.” A free preview of available babysitters is Little India (Miramar and Black Mountain Rds.). Vegetarian nirvana; strip available through the site’s local neighborhood mapping technology. Once a reg- mall near I-15 with myriad Indian specialty istered member, individuals will be given immediate access to babysitters through restaurants, from Madras-style to Gujarati. text messaging, e-mail, and phone. South Beach Bar & Grille (5059 Panda’s Domestic Agency. 1761 Hotel Circle South Suite 200, San Diego, CA Newport Ave., 619-226-4577). In funky 92108. 619-295-3800, Monday–Friday, 8:30 A.M.–5:30 P.M. and Saturday, 9:00 Ocean Beach, Bon Appetit’s awardee for the nation’s best fi sh tacos (order grilled mahi). A.M.–1:30 P.M. PST. E-mail: [email protected]. Provides hotel in-room Enjoy the ocean view and a beer while you babysitting services at starting rate of $18 an hour, with a four-hour minimum. wait for a table; fi nish the evening with a Sittercity. 213 W. Institute Place Suite 504, Chicago, IL, 60610. 888-748-2489, stroll (Bus 923 takes 30 minutes from the Monday–Friday, 7:00 a.m.–7:00 p.m. CST. Web: www.sittercity.com. E-mail sub- Gaslamp but runs infrequently). mission from web site’s “Help and Contact Us.” One of the largest online sources for child care, with babysitters in every city nationwide, including San Diego. They offer Alyssa Goldstein Sepinwall is associate profes- a four-step screening process, background checks, sitter reviews, detailed profi les and sor of history at California State University, more. San Marcos and a member of the Local Ar- rangements Committee. Like many French historians, she is an avid foodie.

40 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 41 The Job Center Don,t Panic! Frequently Asked Questions about the Job Center

By David M. Darlington

f you are a candidate on the history job First, if the search committee has arranged acquire contact information (cell number, market, or a search committee member, for a free table, the interview will be in the e-mail) from a member of the search commit- Ithen you already know that the Job San Diego Marriott's Marriott Hall. Can- tee beforehand in order to fi nd out where the Center (formerly known as the Job Register, didates should just show up about 10–15 interview will take place. The Job Center In- the “meet market,” or other less charitable minutes before their scheduled interview to formation Booth will have information for all names) is the place to be. Here, search sign in with AHA staff and have a seat in schools that reserved offi cial Job Center inter- committees connect with job candidates to the waiting area, drink some water or coffee, view space, and it may also have information collect c.v.’s and conduct interviews to fi ll and try to relax and focus. If the search com- for schools interviewing outside of offi cial open positions in their departments. As the mittee has arranged for a private interview AHA facilities, but sometimes departments hiring process can be a harrowing experience room through the Job Center, it will be in don’t provide that information (some in fact for both search committees and candidates either the Marriott or the Manchester Grand make a habit of it). If a candidate does not at even under the best of circumstances, here Hyatt. Upon arrival, candidates should least know the name of one search committee we provide a hopefully useful FAQ to make contact the search committee to fi nd out member, and the hotel he or she is staying at, the experience a bit more pleasant. where the room is, or visit the Job Center the Job Center staff will be unable to assist Do I need to be registered for the Information Booth in the Marriott Hall for them in fi nding the interview location. annual meeting to use the Job Center? that information. About 10–15 minutes The Electronic Search Committee Locator Yes, job candidates and all search commit- prior to their scheduled interview, candi- System, a monitor scrolling all known infor- tee members need to be registered for the dates can head right up to their interview mation about searches being conducted at meeting to use offi cial Job Center facilities. room to wait. The search committee should t he meeting, also will be in the San Diego There will be no exceptions. have a chair outside where candidates can Marriott's Marriott Hall, right next to the Where will my interviews be? Under wait while they fi nish their previous inter- Job Center Information Booth. It is updated the best of circumstances, search commit- view. throughout the meeting by Job Center staff tees will contact candidates prior to the If a search committee will be conduct- as more information becomes known. annual meeting to discuss where the inter- ing interviews outside of offi cial AHA Job When is the Job Center open? Inter- view will take place. If the search committee Center facilities, such as at a different hotel, view tables will be open Thursday, January has arranged space through the Job Center, they are responsible to ensure a professional 7, 12:30–6 P.M. (prearranged interviews the interviews will be in one of two places. environment. It is critical that candidates only); Friday and Saturday, January 8 and 9, 9 A.M.–6 P.M.; and Sunday, January 10, 9 A.M.–12 NOON. The Job Center Informa- tion Booth is open during these same hours. Attention Search Private interview rooms will be available Thursday, January 7, 1–5 P.M.; Friday and Saturday, January 8 and 9, 8 A.M.–5 P.M.; Committee Members and Sunday, January 10, 8 A.M.–NOON. Interviewing in a privately reserved suite? Is there free Internet available to contact search committees/candidates? Yes. The You candidates may come to the Job Center to confi rm the suite numbers for Internet Center will also be located in the their interviews. San Diego Marriott's Marriott Hall. You will Please inform Job Center staff of the fi eld and location of your interviews by need to be registered for the annual meeting visiting the Information Booth in the San Diego Marriott’s Marriott Hall; e- to use the Internet Center facilities. For those mailing [email protected]; or calling (571) 730-8518. attendees with their own laptops, a Wireless Café, located in the Manchester Grand Help Your Candidates Arrive to Their Interviews Hyatt, Worthington's Foyer,will also be available 24 hours a day, starting at 12 NOON on on Time! Thursday, Janaury 7 through 12 NOON on Sunday, January 10.

42 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 What do candidates need to bring? One exhibit hall, attending sessions in their fi eld, mittees sometimes have to sit through 50 of the services that the Job Center provides pursuing professional development (such as or 60 interviews over a four-day weekend is to collect c.v.’s for open searches. The C.V. attending our interviewing workshop), and to pick just one person to be their next col- Collection Booth will be in the San Diego hearing about the latest historical research— league. Every year search committees tell us Marriott's Marriott Hall. Candidates may be and use their best judgment. “there are so many qualifi ed historians” or able to get an interview by submitting their What else do I need to know before “I wish we could hire them all!” It is natural c.v. to an open search at the booth. Candi- going through this? Candidates and inter- to be anxious and pessimistic about the Job dates should bring multiple copies of their viewers alike should review the AHA’s Guide- Center, but thousands of historians have c.v.’s and get them in early (Thursday or lines for the Hiring Process before the annual gone through the Job Center already, and Friday), so the search committee has time to meeting. Participants may also want to thousands more will in the future. review them and to schedule an interview. review the appropriate sections in the State- Search committees, remember that you Candidates should remember that many in- ment on Standards of Professional Conduct. were once in your candidates’ shoes. In- stitutions leave before the end of the meeting, Both documents are available on the AHA security about the future of one’s career is so getting a c.v. in later means fewer options. web site. Also, my AHA Today blog post not a feeling anyone wants to experience. How many to bring is up to the candidate— from August 2008, http://blog.historians. Respect your candidates by paying attention if you’re in a popular fi eld, you’ll obviously org/from-archives/572/from-the-archives- to their presentations and asking follow-up need more. We recommend candidates make guidelines-for-the-hiring-process, reviews questions about their research. Be honest their copies at home, because photocopying some of the Association’s other publications about the status of the search, the commit- services at the hotel can be expensive. on the hiring process. tee’s timeline for a decision, and the candi- Candidates should also bring dissertation Is it as bad as I’ve heard? Don’t panic, date’s standing. Familiarize yourself with the chapters, letters of recommendation, cover it is not. In truth, a little bit of profession- AHA’s Statement on Standards of Professional letters, teaching evaluations, or any other alism and a little bit of empathy go a long Conduct and treat your candidates as the supporting materials that search commit- way. Candidates should be on time, dress ap- colleagues they could become! tees may require. Candidates should save propriately, and try to relax. As a candidate, Best of luck to everyone involved. See you those for their interviews, however, rather you want to present yourself as someone in San Diego. submit them at the C.V. Collection Booth. the search committee would like to have as Search committees collecting c.v.’s usually a colleague! Dismissing a school out-of-hand David Darlington is associate editor of Per- have many candidates to review (especially as “not on my career track” won’t get you spectives on History and is a co-manager of in popular fi elds), so too much paperwork anywhere. Also, remember that search com- the Job Center. may actually hurt rather than help. Candi- dates should save supporting materials to help make their case at the interview. Candidates should also bring a notepad Call for Volunteer Interviewers and pen (or electronic personal planner like a BlackBerry) for taking notes and writing he AHA needs volunteer interviewers to participate in the interview down interview locations, a cell phone so Tworkshop for scholars entering the job market, to be held Friday, January 8, they can be reached, and business cards, if 9:30–11:30 A.M., in the San Diego Marriott’s San Diego Ballroom Salon B. The available, for networking opportunities. workshop, sponsored by the AHA’s Professional Division, the AHA Graduate Should I come if I don’t have any pre- and Early Career Committee, and the Coordinating Council for Women in arranged interviews? That’s up to the can- History, will be chaired by David J. Weber (Southern Methodist Univ.), vice didate. While there are usually 50 to 60 president of the AHA’s Professional Division. schools conducting open searches (collect- The mock interviews and informal discussions we offer at the workshop give ing c.v.’s onsite), there is no guarantee that a job candidates the chance to practice their interview skills and to receive advice signifi cant number of them will be in a par- about how best to present themselves and their qualifi cations in the job market. ticular fi eld (and the fi eld breakdown won’t This is good for the candidates, good for hiring departments, and good for the be known until we get to San Diego). Less profession. popular fi elds may only have three or four To make the experience as useful as possible, it is essential that we have a large open searches. Popular fi elds such as 20th- number of volunteer interviewers. Anyone who has sat on the hiring side of an century United States will have many open interview would be an appropriate and helpful volunteer. We extend a special searches, but also many people submitting invitation to recently hired PhDs and members of search c.v.’s. Of course, there are a host of other committees who have previously conducted interviews at the great experiences at the annual meeting AHA annual meeting. Your experience and expertise will be beyond looking for a job, and we don’t want invaluable to current job candidates. to discourage anyone from attending. Can- There is no preparation needed to participate. Simply show didates should weigh their chances of getting up between 9:00 and 9:15 A.M. at the appointed place. an interview versus the other benefi ts of attending an annual meeting—browsing the

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 43 The Job Center AHA Guidelines for the Hiring Process By the AHA Professional Division

n an effort to better serve members of 3. Advertisements for positions should to avoid departing from the schedule they the AHA, and to promote the highest contain specifi c information regarding have established. It also means that job Istandards of professional conduct in the qualifi cations and clear indication as candidates should not schedule interviews hiring process, we provide these guidelines to whether a position has actually been too close together. Appointments often run for search committees and job candidates authorized or is contingent upon budgetary over the allotted times. or other administrative considerations. 3. Interviews should proceed in a manner General Criteria 4. Candidates should seek interviews that respects the professional and personal 1. Job discrimination is illegal. Interviewing only for those jobs for which they are integrity of candidates and interviewers. and hiring should be based solely on qualifi ed, and under no circumstances Whenever possible, interviewing professional criteria. Interviewers should should they misrepresent their training committees should include male and not ask questions about a candidate’s or their qualifi cations. To do otherwise is female representation. marital status or family, race or national unprofessional and wastes the time and 4. Interviews should take place in a origin, age, or personal lifestyle. Candidates energy of everyone concerned. professional setting. The AHA strongly may, however, volunteer such information 5. All applications and inquiries for a urges institutions interviewing at the in the course of their own inquiries about position should be acknowledged promptly AHA annual meeting to use the facilities the hiring institution, although this sort and courteously (within two weeks of provided through the Job Center. of discussion is usually more appropriate receipt, if possible), and each applicant Beginning with the 2000 annual meeting during an on-campus interview than in should be informed as to the initial in Chicago, the AHA has made special ar- the preliminary stages of a candidacy. action on the application or inquiry. No rangements with institutions conducting in- 2. All positions for historians should be fi nal decision should be made without terviews outside of designated Job Center fa- advertised in the Employment Information considering all applications received before cilities. For more details, please see page the Bulletin (classifi ed ads) of Perspectives. If the closing date. Job Center guidelines, which can be viewed hiring institutions intend to interview at 6. At all stages of a search, affi rmative and downloaded here. See “Interviews for the AHA annual meeting, they should action/equal opportunity guidelines Non-Job Register Facilities”* for guidelines make every effort to advertise in the should be respected. for those conducting interviews outside of Perspectives issues for the fall months. 7. As candidates are eliminated, they designated Job Center facilities. should be notifi ed promptly and The AHA discourages holding interviews courteously. Some hiring institutions in hotel bedrooms. If an interviewer thinks notify all candidates when their search is it is necessary to use a facility outside the completed. Unsuccessful candidates may Job Center, the Association strongly advises For Further Reading wish to ask how their chances might have that a parlor—rather than a sleeping—room been improved. Hiring institutions often be used, and that a third person always be The following online resources are respond helpfully to such inquiries but they present in the room with the candidate. also available: are not obliged to disclose the reasoning Interviewers using facilities outside the Job leading to their ultimate choices. Center bear sole responsibility for establish- The AHA Job Advertising Policy ing an appropriate professional atmosphere www.historians.org/support Interviews at the and should take special care to ensure that ADPOLICY.htm. AHA Annual Meeting all interviews are conducted courteously and in a proper and professional manner. The AHA Statement on Standards of 1. All participants in an interview should If for any reason the interviewers choose not Professional Conduct be prompt, effi cient, and courteous. Job to take advantage of the AHA facilities, they www.historians.org/pubs/Free/ candidates should bring a suffi cient supply should be specifi c when making other arrange- ProfessionalStandards.cfm of c.v.’s and writing implements to the ments. Let the candidates know when, where, The AHA statement, Best Practices meeting. and with whom they will be meeting. Provide on Spousal/Partner Hiring 2. Interviews should take place on time, and this information to the Job Center staff, who www.historians.org/perspectives/ candidates should be allowed enough time will then make it available to candidates. eib/spouse.cfm in interviews to develop their candidacies in some depth. This means that interviewers * Please Note: The Job Center was formerly have to watch the time carefully, and try called the Job Register. 44 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 45 Exhibitors' Index

The following list of 2010 annual meeting exhibitors has been updated from the Exhibitors’ Index printed on pages 144–145 of the 2010 annual meeting Program:

Name of Exhibitor Booth Number Name of Exhibitor Booth Number

Alexander Street Press 414 HarperCollins Publishers 200, 202

American Historical Association 401, 500 Harvard University Press 205, 207

Ashgate Publishing 201 Hill & Wang 504

Athabasca University Press 312 Indiana University Press 409

Baylor University Press 517 The Johns Hopkins University Press 518, 520

Bedford/St. Martin's 501, 503, 505 LSU Press 614

Berghahn Books 210 Macmillan 502

BRILL 706 McGill-Queens University Press 610

Cambridge University Press 406, 408, 410 McGraw-Hill Higher Education 300, 302

Columbia University Press 209, 211 National Archives & Records Administration 315, 317 Conference of Historical Journals 608 The New York Times 416 Continuum International Publishing Group 707 New York University Press 703 Cornell University Press 420 Northern Illinois University Press 606 Council for International Exchange of Scholars 618 Ohio University Press 204 Ivan R. Dee, Publisher 521 Omohundro Institute of Early American Duke University Press 314, 316 History & Culture 305

EBSCO Publishing 421 Oxford University Press 510, 512, 514, 516

Wm B Eerdmans Publishing Co 612 Palgrave Macmillan 506, 508

Gale Cengage Learning 712, 714 Pearson 603, 605, 607

Hackett Publishing Co. 405 Penguin Group (USA) 609, 611

Harlan Davidson, Inc. 601 Penn State University Press 213

Although the AHA welcomes members of its afﬁ liated societies, PPleaselease Note!Note! the costs of organizing and holding the annual meeting are considerable. As a result, only REGISTRANTS with an AHA BADGE can participate in the AHA JOB CENTER, visit the EXHIBIT HALL, AND access the MESSAGING SYSTEM!

46 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010 Name of Exhibitor Booth Number Name of Exhibitor Booth Number

Perseus Books Group 307, 309 University of Illinois Press 311, 313

Potomac Books 318 University of Missouri Press 208

Princeton University Press 304, 306 University of Nebraska Press 411, 413

ProQuest 715 University of New Mexico Press 719

Random House Inc. 509, 511, 513, 515 University of North Carolina Press 301, 303

Research Institute for Hawaii USA 203 University of Pennsylvania Press 407 Routledge 600, 602, 604 University of Pittsburgh Press 206 Rowman & Littleﬁ eld Publishers 700, 702 University of Texas Press 613 The Scholar's Choice 415, 417 University of Toronto Press 412 M.E. Sharpe 615 The University of Wisconsin Press 404 Stanford University Press 701 University Press of Kansas 403 U. S. Department of State, Ofﬁ ce of the Historian 621 University Press of Kentucky 517 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas 212 W. W. Norton & Company 308, 310

University of California Press 705 Wadsworth Cengage Learning 708, 710

University of Chicago Press 400, 402 Wiley Blackwell 709, 711, 713

University of Georgia Press 704 Yale University Press 718, 720

BOOTH #513-515BOOTH MEET RONALD C. WHITE, JR. Professor, Historian and Author of A. Lincoln: A Biography WHEN: Friday, January 8th, 1:00-2:30pm WHERE: Random House Booth #513-515 special WHAT: To discuss and sign his new book, conference A. Lincoln: A Biography discount PRAISE FOR: A. Lincoln: A Biography “Lincoln’s bicentennial will bring a flood of books about the sixteenth president. Anyone seeking an expansive, thoroughly engaging biography should turn to Ronald C. White, Jr.’s gracefully written narrative. It does full justice to the complexity and drama of the era and allows readers to understand how Lincoln ultimately triumphed in guiding the nation through its greatest trial.” —Gary W. Gallagher, John L. Nau III Professor of History, University of Virginia Random House | HC | 978-1-4000-6499-1 | 816pp. | $35.00

ALSO AVAILABLE: The Eloquent President: A Portrait of Lincoln Through His Words RANDOM HOUSE, INC. Random House | TR | 978-0-8129-7046-3 | 480pp. | $17.00

www.randomhouse.com/academic | Visit our Blogs: www.debatethisbook.com • www.makemerequiredreading.com • www.commonreads.com

January 7–10, 2010 124th Annual Meeting 47 Map of the Exhibit Hall Manchester Grand Hyatt Douglas Pavilion A

Map of the Job Center San Diego Marriot Lobby Level

Marriott Hall

48 124th Annual Meeting January 7–10, 2010