The Nesting Season June 1

CONTINENTAL ,SURVEY

The Nesting Season

June I - July 31, 1982

Abbreviationsfrequently used in RegionalReports ad.: adult, Am.: American, c.: central, C: Celsius, CBC: Reservoir,not Reservation,R.: River, S.P.: Stt•tePark, sp.: ChristmasBird Count, Cr.: Creek, Cam: Common, Co.: species,spp.: speciesplural, ssp:subspecies, Twp.: Town- County, Cos.: Counties,et al.: and others, E.: Eastern(bird ship, W.: Western(bird name), W.M.A.: Wildlife Manage- name), Eur.: European,Eurasian, F: Fahrenheit,fide: re- ment Area, v.o.: various observers, N,S,W,E,.: direction of ported by, F.& W.S.: Fish & Wildlife Service, Ft.: Fort, imm.: motion, n., s., w., e.,: direction of location, >: more than, <: immature,I.: Island, Is.: Islands,Isles, Jct.: Junction,juv.: fewer than, _: approximately,or estimated number, c•: juvenile, L.: Lake, m.ob.: many observers,Mt.: Mountain, male, $: female,0: imm. or female,*: specimen,ph.: photo- Mts.: Mountains, N.F.: National Forest, N.M.: National graphed, ?: documented,ft: feet, mi: miles, m: meters, kin: Monument, N.P.: National Park, N.W.R.: Nat'l Wildlife Ref- kilometers,date with a + (e.g., Mar. 4 +): recordedbeyond uge, N.: Northern (bird name), Par.: Parish, Pen.: Peninsula, that date. Editorsmay alsoabbreviate often-cited locations or P.P.: ProvincialPark, Pt.: Point, not Port, Ref.: Refuge,Res.: organizations.

NORTHEASTERN MARITIME REGION /Stuart I. Tingley

Weather patterns were relatively uniform acrossthe Region this summer. June was cool and very wet throughout, and many observers reported hardshipsfor susceptiblespecies such as swallows and flycatchersand many nestingterns were reported washedout, particularlyinthe southern part of the Region. July weather was quite the reverse, with above-normaltemperatures and virtually no precipitation anywhere in the Region during the first 20 days of the month. That undoubtedly allowed most failed breeders to re-nest which, however, is not usually as successful. Many observers noted the earlier-than-normal appearance of Sable southboundshorebirds owing perhaps, as Blair Nikula speculates,to a poor nesting seasonin the north; while looking south, weather- related nesting failures farther down the coast may have accounted A.1; I[ A N T t C for the modestinflux of "southern"terns into the Regionin late June. None of the four first state/provincial nestingrecords reported this OCEAN seasonwere really unexpected.Regional rarities were highlightedby a Brown Pelican, SandhillCranes in three provinces,White-winged Dove and remarkably, another Nova Scotia Cave Swallow. Forest pestscontinue to play havoc throughoutthe Region. In the south, the gypsy moth againcreated extensivedefoliation, although levels were reported reduced in New Hampshire. In the north, the sprucebudworm continued to ravagethrough softwood forests, while the only Manx Shearwatersreported were three off Newfoundland the forest tent caterpillar caused extensive defoliation in parts of (RB). Other tubenoseswere lightly reported, but apparentlyin near Maine and New Brunswick. Despite mounting public oppositionthe normal numbers, although775 Wilson's Storm-Petrels in the Gulf of latter provincecontinued with its 29th year of sprayingseveral million Maine from the Bluenose ferry July 5 was a high count (fide MKL). acres of forest with pesticides, about which virtually nothing is An imm. Brown Pelican at Dartmouth P., Long I., N.S., June 30 known of their short or long-term effects on wildlife or indeed, provided perhaps a 9th or 10th provincial occurrence (RD. RBS et humans ! al.). Small numbersof Great Cormorantswere reported summering Reportingcoverage this seasonwas generallygood, althoughless as far s. as Rhode Island. In that state, where the first nestingrecord than complete for Connecticut. Massachusetts,New Brunswick and for Double-crestedCormorant was recordedlast year, the colonyat Nova Scotiaand unfortunatelyno reportswere receivedfrom Prince Sakonnet Pt. has increasedfrom 18 nests to 73 nests this year. That Edward Island. speciescontinues to increasethroughout the Region,except perhaps in Newfoundland where it has long been uncommon and very local. LOONS THROUGH CORMORANTS -- Summering Red- throated Loons in New England included six at two Maine localities HERONS, IBISES -- Green Heronswere notedfeeding young out (fide MKL), and a maximum of six at Manomet, Mass. (PY). North- of the nest at Red Head Marsh, near Saint John, N.B., July 7 (fide ern Fulmars, while recorded in record numbers at Cox's Ledge with DSC), where the specieshas been noted in summerfor severalyears. 37 on June 13 (fide DLE), were near normal elsewhere with small Still unrecordedas a nestingbird in Nova Scotia, a Green Heron was numbers in the Gulf of Maine and a maximum of 168 between observed at Little Harbour, Shelburne Co., June 11 (fide PRD). N. Sydney, N.S. and Port-aux-Basques,Nfld., July 10 (RB). Cory's Southern herons reported in New Brunswick and Nova Scotiaduring Shearwaternumbered 55 off Block I., R.I., June30 (fide DLE), while the summer included three ad. Little Blue Herons, two Cattle Egrets,

954 American Birds, November 1982 one Great Egret, and at leasteight Snowy Egrets (fide DSC, PRD). CRANES, RAILS, SHOREBIRDS -- Sandhill Cranes made the Northernmost Louisiana Herons were two in coastal New Hump- news in three provinces: two flying over Kent I., N.B., in late May shire(fide RAQ) and2-3 at ScarboroughMarsh, Me. (PDV) wherethe (fide PDV) compriseda secondprovincial sightrecord; in Newfound- species has recently nested. Black-crownedNight Herons were land a pair (the same birds?)remained and were photographednear reportedfrom 2 locationsin s.w. Nova Scotia. The centerof this St. John's, June 1-20 (m.ob.,fide JW), a third provincial record; and s_pecies'abundance in AtlanticCanada is in n.e. New Brunswick, in Nova Scotia,it was revealedthat an apparentlywild SandhillCrane where a 1981 censusof a colony at Inkerman revealed 700+ nests had been presentat a wildlife park in Shubenacadiesince September (C.W.S.). A Least Bittern nest discoveredat Amherst Pt. Bird 1981, associating with a group of four captive cranes and "having Sanctuary(hereafter A.P.B.S.), N.S., June8 (MF) provideda first eyes" for one in particular. The northernmost Clapper Rail reported provincialnesting record. This very secretivespecies probably was in Rye, N.H., June 29 (EWP, fide RAQ). In Labrador, Soras breedsoccasionally at severalsites in New Brunsw;ickand Nova were reportedcalling at GooseBay and GroswaterBay (IG et al.,fide Scotia. Up to 19 GlossyIbises on Monomoywas consideredexcep- JW). Vagrant Purple Gallinulesseem to have a propensityfor turning tional for Cape Cod (fide BN). up under bizarre circumstances.An adult at Macbias Seal I., N.B., May 28 was captured and photographedafter it became lodged head- WATERFOWL, RAPTORS -- Six reports of migratingflocks of first in the entrance to a petrel burrow (SD)! In Nova Scotia, Am. CanadaGeese ranging in sizefrom 10-125in New Hampshirein early- Coots are well established at A.P.B.S., where 14 nests were located to-mid-Junewas unusual. That speciesis rapidly becomingestab- this summer (MF). lishedas a localnester in many partsof New Hampshire,Maine, and American Oystercatcherscontinue to increase,although success- the Maritime Provinces,particularly in the Nova Scotia-NewBruns- ful nesting seemsrare. Northernmost were one at Star I., N.H. (fide wick borderregion. Late Brant in Connecticutincluded 72 at River- RAQ) and four at two Maine localities(fide MKL). Many observers side June 4 and five off Greenwich June 20 (fide TB); one off noted that southbound shorebirds began to arrive unusually early, Manomet, Mass., July 23 (PY) was probably summering.A drake suggestinga poor breedingseason farther n. A count of 200 + Black- Eur.Wig•onjust starting to moltat PlumI., Mass.,July 2 (RSH)was bellled Plovers, 10 Red Knots, 12 White-rumped Sandpipers, 30 mostunseasonal. The only otherrecent regional summer occurrences SemipalmatedSandpipers and one HudsonianGodwit at Monomoy of thisspecies were in Nova Scotiain July 1974and 1975.A drake I., Mass., June 24 was indicative of this early movement (RSH, GreaterScaup at PlumI., July7 wasthe onlyone reported s. of the RRV). Piping Plover surveys conducted in the Maritime Provinces Marltimes (RAF, RSH). The only summeringKing Eiders noted in showthe populationto be stable,although at low levels. Two or three theregion were a femaleon Mt. DesertI., Me., in earlyJune (NF) and pairswere presentand probablynesting in Lumsden-Deadman'sBay an immature male and two females at Cape FreeIs, Nfld., July 29 area in n.e. Newfoundland (RB, HD). In Rhode Island, 10 nesting (RB). An ad. male and two 0 Black Scotersnear New Hartford, pairs successfullyfledged nine young (fide DLE), well below reported Conn., June 10 were consideredexceptional for that area (PJD). fledgini rates in the Marltimes. Summer records of Killdeer were RuddyDucks continue to holdon as breedersat A.P.B.S., N.S., widespreadin Newfoundland, including birds at Goose Bay, Lab- where 2-3 broods were observed this summer (MF). rador (fide JW). A Whimbrel restingbriefly on Sand I., off Greenwich Pt., Conn., July 3 was surprising(fide TB). Willets continueto expand and increase in coastal Massachussetts(fide BN), while unusual occurrencesof the speciesincluded one inland near Swanville, Me., June 4 (PDV), and one at Carmanville, in n.e. Nfld. July 11 (fide JW), A Baird's Sandpiperat BriggsMarsh, R.I., July 18 (fide DLE) was early. A Least Sandpipernest discoveredat Macbias Seal I., N.B., June 15furnished a first provincialnesting record (SD). Unusualin w. Massachussettswas a Short-billed Dowitcber at Hadley July 11 (Scott Sumer, fide SK). Eleven Hudsonian Godwits at Seabrook, N.H., July 14 was considereda high count for that state. Ruffs during the period numberedfour, all males, and all in Massachussettsin July (RSH, BN et aLL

JAEGERS THROUGH SKIMMERS --Regionally, reportedjae- gerstotalled 13 Pomarine,27+ Parasitic,and one Long-tailed,the latterbeing a well-describedadult off Provincetown,Mass., June 20 (RRV, RSH). The only skuareported during the periodwas a well- describedSouth Polar Skua at Cox's LedgeJune 13 (fide DLE). Youngfledgling TurkeyVultures near nest, mid-August,1982, Cam- Threegulls suspected of beingGlaucous x Herringhybrids were den, Maine. Photo/David Getcheil, Sr. reportedfrom Fischells(one) and Port-aux-Choix (two), Nfld., June 14 & 16,respectively. The descriptionindicated that all threewere A TurkeyVulture nest discovered near Camden, Me., providedthe first-summerbirds, "the size of GlaucousGull, with Glaucous-type firstundisputable state breeding record, although that speciesis now billshape and coloration, but with dark primaries and similar dark tail routinethrough much of thestate. In NovaScotia, a TurkeyVulture band"(BM, JW).Two Lesser Black-backed Gulls at StearingI., Gros near Yarmouth June 6 (PY) was the only one reportedaway from Morne N.P., Nfld., June 14 (BMk) were the only ones reported. Brier I., wheresmall numbers have occurred annually in summerfor Interestingwas the reportof 29 HerringGull nestson rooftopsin severalyears. A Sharp-shinnedHawk nestwith eggsdiscovered at Manchester,N.H., the states' largestcity with a well-attendedgar- Marshfield,Mass., June24 (RSH, RRV) furnishedapparently the first bagedump. Laughing Gulls n. of thespecies' present breeding range nestingrecord in that statefor manyyears. In RhodeIsland, Gos- were a first-summerbird at Summerville, N.S., July 4 (fide PRD), and hawkswere found nesting at 2 new sitesthis summer, making it the second-summerbirds at Eel River Bar, N.B. (SIT) and L'Anse-aux- states'commonest breeding Accipiter---Cooper's and Sharp-shinned Meadows,Nfld. (BM, JW), bothJune 22. Two ad. Franklin'sGulls at hawksbeing suspected of nestingin just one location each in thestate Grande Arise in s.e. New Brunswick, July 3-11 (RM) were uniquein (fideDLE). Ospreyscontinued to fare well throughoutthe Region, the Regionand providedone of few provincialrecords. In Rhode althougha poorgaspereaux run in HalifaxCounty, N.S., resultedin Island, an imm. Little Gull at Pt. JudithJune 3-8 (fide DLE) was a evidentfailure for local breedingbirds (fide IAM). GoldenEagles goodfind, while in Massachussettsfour were presentthroughout were reportedfrom Stewartstown,N.H., June22 (D. Killam,fide Juneat Newburyportincluding an adult and a first-summerbird RAQ) and at Stratton, Me., in July (fide MKL). The Canadian which appearedpaired and frequentedthe vicinity of a Com. Tern Wildlife Service released a total of seven Peregrine Falcons this colony.The observers reported being "vocally harassed" while in the summer at 2 sites in the Maritimes---Nat'l and current plansfor even terncolony and an apparentaerial display was noted on one occasion. largerreleases at unspecifiedsites in eachof thenext 4 or 5 years.A Close observations,however, showedno evidenceof nesting(fide white Gyrfalconwas reportedto have summeredin the Saunder's RSH). Cove,Nfld. area,being seen several times in Juneand July apparently Portlandica Arctic Terns on Monomoy peaked at 100+ in early feedingon gulls (fide RB). July,well below the several hundreds present in recentsummers (fide

Volume36, Number 6 955 BN) Roseate Terns were reported decreasedat Napatree Pt, R I sented the first local record since 1968 (DS et al), others were (fide DLE), while what was formerly Canada's largest colony, on reportedin Florence, Mass., June27-July 4 (fide SK) and at Apple- Sable I., N.S., is now reduced to 2-3 pairs (IAM). Forster's Terns dore I., N.H., May 24 (fide RAQ). reported were singlesat BarnstableJune 20 (fide BN) and Monomoy I , Mass., June 24 and late July (RSH, BN, RRV), and Hampton, BLACKBIRDS THROUGH SPARROWS -- A $ Yellow-headed N H., June 27 (EWP). Royal Terns were numerous in the s. and Blackbirdat a Concord, N.H. feederJune 6 & 7 was perhapswithout rangedas far n as Maine, where singleswere reportedat 2 locationsin precedentregionally at this season.Four pairsof OrchardOrioles in July(fide MKL). At leasttwo SandwichTerns roamed the outerCape Juneincluding a nest at Hampton, was exceptionalfor New Hamp- from late Juneto mid-July(RSH, RRV et al.), while an ad. Gull-billed shire. In Nova Scotia, a pair of Orchard Orioles spent2 days in an Tern in breeding plumage on Monomoy June 24 (RRV, RSH) was orchard near Wallace in June (Shirley & Tony Bidwell,fide PRD). A unique.Several Black Ternsnoted away from their breedingareas in pair of SummerTanagers near Ellsworth,Me., June8 wasapparently late June and early July were unusual;an adult at Grand Beach on uniquein the Regionthis season(IB,fide MKL). EveningGrosbeaks, Newfoundland'sBurin Pen., July3 providedperhaps the 10thprovin- not yet known to breed in Newfoundlandwere noted at 2 locations cial record (fide JW). Black Skimmerswere reported "observed this summer(fide JW). A c• Pine Grosbeakat Mt. Greylock, Mass , amongthe tern flocksmore frequentlythan in pastsummers in Rhode June 13 furnishedonly the secondsummer record for w. Massachus- Island" (fide DLE), while Connecticut got its first nesting record setts(fide SK). The only commentreceived on "northern"finches this when a nest with 3 eggswas discoveredat Bluff I., July 14 (John season were from New Brunswick, where Pine Siskins and White- Bova, fide TB). wingedCrossbills were reportedfrequently seen (DSC). Grasshopper Sparrow reportsseemed more widespreadthan usual, and at least DOVES THROUGH WRENS -- A White-wingedDove photo- threepairs nested again at Kennebunk,Me., the siteof lastyears' first graphed at a Stellarton, N.S. feeder May 8-23 marked a fourth statenesting record (fide MKL). A GrasshopperSparrow singing at provincial occurrence (Leo MacKay, fide IAM). That specieshas Bathurst,N.B., on an unspecifieddate in June(RJG) furnished only a occurred almostannually in the Regionin recent years. A Snowy Owl 2nd or 3rd summer record for the Province. The northernmost at North Harbour, Cape BretonI., N.S., June 17 waswatched being SeasideSparrow reported was at Hampton,N.H., June22 & July 8 harassedby gullsas it crosseda body of water. Eventuallyforced into (EWP). A VesperSparrow reported near Deadman's Bay, Nfld., July the water, the owl was rescuedbut died shortlythereafter from severe 19 was one of few provincialsightings (RB). Unprecedentedat this head injuries apparentlyinflicted by the gulls (BCJ, ADS)! Two seasonwere reports of Lark Sparrowsat Bridgewater,N.H., June15 Chuck-will's-widowswere reportedin Rhode Island in early June, (WWF, fide RAQ) and at Machias,Me., June22-30 (fide MKL). A where that specieswas unknownprevious to 1980(fide DLE). No Tree Sparrowat Ellsworth,Me., June10 (WT) providedundoubtedly word this summer from Martha's Vineyard. All commentsreceived the latest state record by several weeks. Unique were singingc• Clay- regarding Com. Nighthawks were negative and it seemsthat that coloredSparrows at Freeport,Me., June11 (fide RAQ) andat Happy speciesis genuinelyon the declinein the Region.A Chimney Swift at Valley, Labrador (date unspecified--IGet al.). In w. Newfoundland Saunder's Cove, Nfid., June 29 was rare (RB). Single Red-headed Song Sparrowsappear to be expandingwith ten territorialmales Woodpeckers were reported from Maine, New Hampshire and noted at various coastalsites in Gros Morne N.P. (fide BMk). RhodeIsland in June.A Scissor-tailedFlycatcher at Mary' s Pt., N.B., June 29 was unique this season(MM). Acadian Flycatchers num- SUB-REGIONAL EDITORS (boldface, italic), Contributors (it- bered at least 16 singing males with 3 nests discovered in w. Mas- alic), observersand other abbreviations-- Inez Boyd, Tom Burke, sachusetts(fide SK, PY), while elsewheresingles were reportedgt Roger Burrows,David S. Christie,Steven Daniel, Hank Deichmann, Pulaski P., R.I., June 17-23 (fide DLE), Manomet, Mass., June 16-17 Robbie Denton, Paul J. Desjardins, Phyllis R. Dobson,David L (PY), Sandwich,Mass., June 17 (RP), and New Boston, N.H., May Emerson, W.W. Foleman, Mark Forbes, Richard A. Forster, Ian 31 andat thesame spot July 10 (fide RAQ). An Olive-sidedFlycatcher Goudie, Robert J. Goodrich, RichardS. Hell, Bruce C. Johnson,Seth at Chatham, Mass., June 25 (BN) was strangelybetween seasons. Kellogg,Don Kimball, Michael K. Lueey, Bruce Mactavish, Mary Nova Scotia has done it again. A Cave Swallowwas observedand Majka, Blake Maybank (BMk), Ian A. McLaren, Reid McManus, impeccably described by competent observers near Louisbourg, Blair Nikula, Gerry Parker, Robert Pease, Elisabeth W. Phinney, Cape Breton I., July 9. That was a fourth provincial, and regional RobertA. Quinn, Allan D. Smith, Richard B. Stern, David St.-James, occurrenceof that species,yet to be recordedelsewhere in the e., n. William Townsend,Richard R. Veit, Peter D. Vickery, John Wells, of Florida (Bret Whitney, David Wolf et al., fide IAM). In Maine, Peter Yaukey,C.W.S. CanadianWildlife Service,m.ob.,' many ob- Com. Ravens nested in the extreme s.w. at Mt. Agamenticus, and servers---STUART I. TINGLEY, Box 1185, Sackville, N.B., Canada were reported present in "almost all the atlas blocks in Kennebec E0A 3CO. County" (fide MKL). Several reportersnoted that Red-breasted Nuthatcheswere scarcein the Regionthis summer.In w. Massachus- setts,Winter Wrens were termed "down and scarce", while Carolina Wrens were reported as completely absent (SK). Only one Short- billedMarsh Wren was reported,a singingmale in Blandford,Mass., May 30-June 3 (SK).

THRUSHES THROUGH WARBLERS -- Eastern Bluebirds seemto be slowlyincreasing, the northernmostbreeding this summer was a successfulnesting at Sackville, N.B. (GP). Blue-gray Gnat- QUEBEC REGION catcherscontinue to increasein Maine: adultswere observedfeeding /Michel Gosselin and Normand David young at Richmond July 13 (PDV). An unseasonalWater Pipit was noted at SableI., N.S., June5 (IAM). No LoggerheadShrikes were reported this summer. The summertemperature of 1982 was slightlybelow normal in Golden-wingedWarblers were recordedin w. Massachussettsat southernQuebec and above normal in northernQuebec. Precipita- Granville June 16, and FlorenceJune 27 (fide SK). Northern Parulas, tion was also above average in June in the northern half of the rare in Newfoundland, were recorded in the Codroy Valley (BM) and province, and below averagein July in the southwest. at Salmonierin early June (IG). Also rare in that province,a Cape As a rule, detailed reports of the more outstandingsightings May Warbler was singingnear Robinson'sJune 13 (BM, JW). Excit- publishedin this columnhave been seenby the RegionalEditors. In ing in RhodeIsland were singingYellow-throated Warblers at 2 sites most instances,these details are to appear in one of the following near ArcadiaJune 23-July 1 (fide DLE). A largenumber of Breeding regional publications:Bulletin ornithologique(Club des ornitho- Bird Surveysin Newfoundlandindicated that N. Waterthrushwas 1oguesdu Qu6bec),Bulletin ornithologiqueestrien (Soci6t6 de 1oisir the "commonestpasserine in the Province by far, up to 138 per 50- ornithologiquede l'Estrie), Guillemot(Club desornithologues de la stop route" (BM). Very rare in springwere singing• Connecticut Gasp6sie), Hatfang (Club des ornithologuesamateurs du Sa- Warblers near Boston Brook, Victoria Co., N.B., May 31 (DK) and at guenay--Lac Saint-Jean),Kakawi (Club des ornithologuesdu Bas Sieur de Monts Springon Mount Desert I., Me., June 12-18(WT,fide Saint-Laurent),Ornitaouais (Club des ornithologues de l'Outaouais), MKL). A Kentucky Warbler was a goodfind at Foster, R.I., June9 Tchebecand Newsletter (Provinceof QuebecSociety for the Protec- (fideDLE). A singingYellow-breasted Chat at Lenox, Mass., repre- tion of Birds).

956 American Birds, November 1982 The increaseof Ruff sightingsis remarkable;there were sevenfrom 1933 to 1977, twelve 1978 through 1981, and eight so far in 1982, includingfour this summerwith singlebirds in Rimouski, Pointe-au- P•re, LaSalle,and near Granby. An ad. Long-tailedJaeger in Quebec City June 11 (CV) addedto the species'records on the upperSt. Lawrence in spring, which outnumber those combined of Pomarine and Parasiticjaegers. Most unusualwas the presenceof an ad. Lesser Black-backed Gull near Dummondville June 12 (PBI, FB). Near Magog, disturbancecaused 300 Ring-billed Gulls to abandontheir ripariannests (PBo); but the 150birds found nesting safely on rock pilesoff PeribonkaJuly 15 (ND) providedbreeding evidence for the L. Saint-Jean area.

SoA. The discovery of three speciesof hooded gulls (Black- headed,Little, Bonaparte's)nesting in Quebecwas certainly theoutstanding event of theseason. At Havre-aux-Basques,a Madeleine Is. lagoon, P. Fradette discovered two Black- headedGull's nestscontaining two andthree chicks July 1;on July 14, 5 emptynests, two chicks,three just-fledged young, and 10 + adults were counted (YA, PLn). The observation of HERONS THROUGH RAPTORS-- Ten Great Blue Herons were just-fledgedjuvenals on Newfoundland'sw. coastin 1977had found on Brion I., July 17 (YA), a suitable breeding site for this providedthe first breedingevidence in North America(AB 32: 312); it should be added that Black-headed Gulls have been species. Noteworthy southern herons included an ad. Little Blue Heron near Lachute July 10 (MT), a Great Egret at Pointe-anx- breedingon the w. coast of Greenland since 1969 (Med. om Outardes June 1 (FL), and others at BarachoisJuly 19(RB), Chandler Grinland 204(6):47).At the otherend of the province,a pairof July 23 (DD), and Windsor June 12-13(fide SM). A Glossy Ibis shot Little Gullsbuilt a neston a tiny isletof the LachineRapids; it near Harrington-Harbourin May (fide KBF) provideda first record contained2 eggsJune 12, a singlechick was fed by the adult on the Lower North Shore of the St. Lawrence. Nesting of the June 30 but disappearedJuly 2 (PBa, GD). Ontario, Wiscon- CanadaGoose was again noted near Dundeewith the sightingof four sin, Michigan, and Manitoba had previouslyclaimed a com- goslingsJune 18(YA); sincethe adultwas banded,it is possiblethat it bined total of about 10 breedingrecords. The Bonaparte's originated from feral stock found in parks or refuges of adjacent Gull, waslong suspected of nestingin our JamesBay lowlands Regions. Both the Gadwall and the Am. Wigeon were nesting on (an egg-bearingfemale had been collected near the Ontario L. Megantic (FV, DM), their only station in the E. Townships. A border in 1926); an incubatingadult was seen and photo- Redhead was found at Val-Brillant June 3 (JGP) and a Ruddy Duck at graphedon its nestJune 27-July 7 about100 km up EastmainR. Fatima, Madeleine Is., July 20-21 (YA). Up to five Turkey Vultures (VL). However, this is a secondRegional nest sinceone had were seen intermittently near Mr. Orford (fide PBo), an area where been found near Peribonkain 1977 (Que. Nest Rec. Card Prog.). breeding can be expected; the first sightingof this vulture in the Madeleine Is., was made at Havre-anx-Maisons July 12-14 (JR). A Red-shouldered Hawk at Saint-Damase, Matapedia Co., June 21 (CG) and a Rough-leggedHawk at Bic July 5-21 (GG) were unusual.

The CanadianWildlife Servicehas beenreleasing Peregrine Falcons in Hull and Montreal annually since 1976 (see AB 34: 142); the total number now stands at 76 birds. The numbers for 1980, '81, '82 were: 8, 11,6 in Hull, 6, 6, 3 in Montreal, and 0, 0, 3 at Cap-Tourmente. But efforts to restore the Peregrine's populations in the s. is only part of the answer while egg smugglingin n. Quebec and adjacent arctic regionscontinues. This summer,the operationsof West German egg-smugglers, that have reportedly been going on for years, have been unveiled. Posing as photographersor naturalists, they hire local guideswho bring them near eyries; they return alone later to take the eggswhich are then transportedin battery-powered mini-incubators.The birds are reared in Germany and sold to falconers abroad for as much as $10,000 each. This season4 smugglerswere arrestedin Frobisher Bay, N.W.T., and two in Kuu•juaq(formerly Fort-Chimo); one of themwas fined$3000 andjailed for 2 months.

CRANES THROUGH TERNS -- A SandhillCrane summeringat Adult Bonaparte's Gull on nest,June 27-July 7, 1982, approx. 100km BarachoisJuly 11-29(DS et al.) was most unexpected.Yellow Rails n. on the EastmainR., Que. PhotoIV. Letourneau. are still presentnear Coin-du-Banc (fide RB), whereL.M. Terrill had found a nest in 1939 (Auk 60:171-180). It is obvious that Killdeers are Daily observationsto follow the breedingof the Little Gullsin the colonizingthe giant embankmentsites n. of their range, with a nest Lachine Rapidsarea also producedsightings of at least two Black- found at GagnonJuly 18(ST), three birds at CaniapiscauJune 18, and headedGulls, two Franklin's Gulls, two Forster's Terns, two Arctic two at the LG3 dam airport July 7 (YA). An Upland Sandpiper'snest Terns, and six CaspianTerns (m.ob.,fide PS); two of the latter were was finally found at Mont-Joli (GG, LH), where the local population seencopulating but no furtherbreeding evidence could be found.The totalled 30 birds in early August (YG); that the speciesis in good presenceof an Arctic Tern in Saint-Josephde BeauceJune 13 (YM) health at this limit of its rangeis also attestedby the presenceof two also helps to outline the little-known inland migrationof this bird. birds at Cap-d'EspoirJune 28 (RB, PP et al.). Solitary Sandpipers RoseateTerns continuedto be found in the Madeleine Is., but this were noted s. of their range; a displayingbird at L. Saint-Anne in year they frequentedHavre-aux-Basques (YA). Laurentides P.P., June 19 (CM), and for the second year in a row at Dozois Res., June 28 (DSH). Very early Stilt Sandpiperswere at DOVES THROUGH FLYCATCHERS -- On her annualtrip to RimouskiJuly 3 (PDI) and Dollard-des-OrmeauxJuly 11-19 (PTf). the North Shore KBF was showna captive Rock Dove found in a

Volume 36, Number 6 957 weakenedstate at Wolf-Bay m August 1981,the bird was bandedand, waited for the roadworksto colonizeinterior Quebec One was 25 km reportedly, had been a racing pigeon on its way from France to s. of the Eastmain R., on the James Bay road June 6, and another at Scotland. A similar trans-Atlantic occurrence from Great Britain had RadissonJuly 26 (YA). A W. Meadowlark was briefly present at beenrecorded on nearby Belle I., Nfld., in 1927(Can. Field-Nat. 42: Saint-ColombanJune 12 (MM) and an E. Meadowlark,at the edgeof 178). A Mourning Dove nest was found at Beaudrythis summer(fide its rangein the Abitibi, was found on Nepawa I., June22 (YA). It is EvW); the specieshad alreadybeen found nestingin the Abitibi, near more and more evident that the Scarlet Tanager is well establishedin Amos in 1977(unpubl. PE). The Mourning Dove is perhapsin the Gasp6sie,with birdsseen this year at Sainte-Annedes Monts June 1 processof colonizinginterior Quebec, as attested by a bird at Gagnon (NL), Perc6June 25 (MF), and RouthiervilleJuly 12 (YG). June 22 (ST). Both speciesof cuckooswere noted in good numbers after mid-June. Although the Long-cared Owl ranges widely, the FRINGILLIDS -- discovery of nestingin July at Rimouski (GG, GP) marks a new n. limit of its known breedingrange. The Whip-poor-will was reported S.Ao summeringas far n. asMistas sini in n. L. Saint-Jean(fide YB). A Red- A d' Blue Grosbeak discovered at Laurentides June 17 was headedWoodpecker spent most of the seasonat Perc6(DB, m.ob.), observedat lengthas it fed on box elder samaras.The largebill while successfulnesting at Saint-Pierrede Montmagnyextended by and brown wingbarswere noted, aswell as the song,all clearly 200 km the breedingrange of this species(fide PTt). At the s. end of different from the Indigo Bunting also present (ML). The the province a Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker's nest was following day, another male was observed on Mt. Saint- found at Terrebonne (PDy). The first Fork-tailed Flycatcher in Bruno; again,the heavy bluishbill and brown-coloredwing- Quebecwas found by American visitorson BonaventureI., June 30 bars were clearly seen (CA, fide PS). Although reports by (PJV, HRV). It was a first-year bird with a beige crown and black singleobservers, these are nonethelessthe best evidenceyet mask; the dusky wings, light back, long black forked tail and white available for this speciesin the Province. The oft-quoted underparts,all typicalof the species,were alsonoted. This plumageis record, at L. Simon in 1961, of five birds "mottled with white" not illustrated anywhere although it is well describedby Ridgway and with songs"closely ressembling that of the Indigo Bunt- (1907) and Oberholser(1974). It is the fifth Canadianoccurrence and ing" (Bull. ornith. 6(4): 13-14),is bestreferred to this bunting, one of the few summer reports anywhere in North America (see AB because.these characteristics are not found in the Blue Gros- 34: 842-845). Another Muscivora, the Scissor-tailedFlycatcher, was beak. A report from Chfiteau-Richerin AFN 14:438 is alsoan discovereddeep into the forests of c. Quebec at L. Delorme, s. of error for the Indigo Bunting. CaniapiscauJuly 16(JV, CP). A WesternKinebird June 30-July 1(GS) and a Great Crested Flycatcher July 2 (YG) were at La Bale. At least two Clay-colored Sparrowsreturned to Saint-Colombanm June (MM et al.) and one was present at Saint-C16mentJuly 16-19 SWALLOWS THROUGH TANAGERS -- The Bank Swallow is (LMC). The Field Sparrowsof the Quebec City area returned to now confirmed as breeding on Ungava Bay by the discovery of a Beauport (ADc) and several Sharp-tailed Sparrowsagain spent the colony at Kuujjuaq (RS). The Rough-wingedSwallow appearedin summer at Ile du Moine (MM et al.). Many northern specieshave goodnumber in the Montreal and QuebecCity areas,after a rapid been overlooked in the past because of their restricted mountain expansionin the 1960s,this speciesseemed relatively scarce during range in the s. Such is the case of the Fox Sparrow, which has been the last decade. Two nests of Barn Swallows were found near the found summering widely in Gasp6sie recently. In addition, two Rupert R., on the JamesBay road, where at least 15 adults were singing c3 Fox Sparrows were found in S. Laurentides P.P., at present (YA). Also on the JamesBay road, singleBrown Creepers L. Sainte-Anne June 19, as well as one at L. Soixante June 5 and two were found at the Eastmain R., July 8, and 30 km s., June 5. Another at L. Nelson, Porteuf Co., July 5 (CM). Winter visitors suchas the Brown Thrasher has been reported from the Abitibi this summer, in Snowy Owl have often been harboredall summerby the Madeleine Barraute June 22 (YA), and the Gray-cheeked Thrush was still Is.; this year however, it was a Lapland Longspurwhich was found present in late June on Mt. Sir-Wilfrid, Labelle Co. (RD). Eastern there, at Grosse-Ile July 18 (YA). Bluebirds were doing well in many regions, especiallyPortneuf County (fide PLe), and the Abitibi, where the first nestingsoccurred CONTRIBUTORS AND OBSERVERS -- C. Adam, Y. Auhry, at Duparquet and Noranda (fide EvW); a male was also noted at J. Audet, P. Bannon(PBa), R. Bisson,Y. Blackburn,P. Blain (PB1), Mont-JoliJune 5-13 (YA). Amongthe many out-of-rangepasserines P. Boily (PBo), D. Bolduc, F. Brabant, L.M. Caron (LMC), seeminglyon the move this summerwas a Blue-grayGnatcatcher at A. Desrochers(ADc), A. Desrosiers(ADs), B. DiLabio, D. Donon, MiguashaJuly 17 (PF, RB). Four Starlingswere presentat Caniapis- R. Dubois, P. Dupuy (PDy), P. Dupal, G. Duquette, P. Ethler, cau July 11 (YA); althoughthis bird reachedUngava many yearsago, P. Fallu, M. Favreau, K.B. French, C. Gauthier, Y. Gauthier, there are still very few recordsfor n. Quebec.A CeruleanWarbler at G. Gendron, L. Hall6, P. Lambelin (PLn), P. Laporte (PLe), Portage-du-FortJune 12 (RD) was outside its preferred habitat of N. Latour, M. Ledoux, F. Leduc, V. L•tourneau, Y. Maheu, mature deciduousforests and therefore probablynot breeding.A $ C. Marcotte, D. Martel, M. Mcintosh, S. MCnard,J.G. Paquet(JGP), Blackburnian Warbler found dead on Sainte-Marie Is., June 9 (YP) C. Ponthieux, P. Poulin, Y. Pouliot, G. Proulx, J. Rocheleau, was certainly an overshot spring migrant. Louisiana Waterthrushes D. Saint-Hilaire (DSH), G. Savard, R. Simard, D. Smith, P. Smith, were presentat Kingsmereduring the whole season(breeding ?). The P. Talbot (PTt), P. Tarassoff (PTf), M. Tomalty, S. Tremblay, smallpbpulation of ConnecticutWarblers in Quebecseems subject to C. Vachon, H.R. Vanderhorst, P.J. Vanderhorst, E.van de Walle fluctuation from year to year, and much suitable habitat is left (EvW), J. Villemure, F. Voyer.--MICHEL GOSSELIN, 370Metcalfe unoccupied;the only reports were from L. HaHa June 6 (GS) and No. 707, Ottawa, Ontario, K2P 1S9, and NORMAND DAVID, Centre Barraute June 22 (YA). de RecherchesEcologiques de Montr6al, 5858 C6te desNeiges No. 400, In contrast with the Starling, the House Sparrow seemsto have Montreal, Quebec,H3S 1Z1.

HUDSON-DELAWARE REGION missedthe heaviestdownpour, but hightides destroyed nests of some /Robert O. Paxton, William J. Boyle,Jr., and David speciesthere as well. A warm, dry July allowedrenesting in many A. Cutler cases. Highlightsof the seasonincluded an unprecedentedinvasion of Brown Pelicans, a possible Little Stint, and Chestnut-collared It was abnormallywet and cold in June. In fact, June 1982was the Longspur. wettest month (not just the wettest June) since records began at the Six SummerBird Counts(hereafter, S.B.C.) providedhelpful data Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, in 1947. The deluge Warren County, N.J., June6; S. LancasterCounty, Pa., June6 (with reachedits climax with a coastalstorm June 7 that dumped11 inches a useful 6-year summary); Boonton, Morris Co., N.J., June 12, of rain on eastern Long Island. Coastal New Jersey and Delaware Central Suffolk County, L.I., June 12; Cumberland County, N J,

958 American Birds, November 1982 summerat Wyalusing, Bradford Co., Pa., was not in the same spot althoughbirds remained nearby (WR). In New York, there is a new colony at the Bashakill, thought to comprise5-l0 pairs and at least one traditional heronry persists in Sullivan County OPT); another Conn nestingsite is suspectedin DutchessCounty (R.T.W.B.C.), but Great Blue Herons havenot nestedon Long Island in living memory(GSR). The Cattle Egret colony on the Susquehannaislands at Washington Boro, Pa., totalled 4500 Aug. 4, well short of last summer's 7500 and just short of 1980's4700 (TA, LancasterCo. Bird Club). Our general feelingis that the Cattle Egret populationhas stabilized, although we have no comprehensiveheronry countsto prove the point. A Louisi- ana Heron at Scranton, Pa., June 6 (R. Bongey)was remarkable since • wR none are known to breed inland in this Region. Black-crowned Night Herons, already known as a predator of Com. Terns (H. Hays), are now believed to have eliminated a Least Ternery at Eaton's Neck, L.I. (S. Rupert). The McCormick I. colony of Yellow-crowned Night Herons on the SusquehannaR., reported last summer was not checked again, but new Susquehannadrainage reports reinforce our impressionthat this is the largest inland breeding population in the n.e. United States. Five were fledged along the Conestoga R., near Lancaster, Pa., and breeding was suspectedat Lancaster Co. Central Park (TA). Least Bitterns were presentin good numbersat appropriateplaces: the Bashakill OPT), Calverton, L.1. (two palrs---GSR), the H.M. at Kearny (up to 15 pairs--RK), Tinicum (JCM), and s. Cape May (8-10 palrs---P. Sutton).

WATERFOWL -- In additionto the usualscattered non-breeding secondweek in June;and the WestchesterCounty, N.Y., portionsof Snow Geese, a much more unusuallingering ad. blue morph was near the Greenwich-Stamford CBC, June 20. Hopbottom, SusquehannaCo., Pa., June 8 (WR). A $ Am. Wigeon Frequentlymentioned locations are abbreviatedas follows:B. with a brood at North Sea (J. Ruscica) was a first e. Long Island Hook: BombayHook N.W.R., near Smyrna,Del.; Brig: Brigantine nestingfor this specieswhich hasbeen edgingS and E. Only remnants N.W.R., Atlantic Co., N.J.; H.M.: the HackensackMeadows, be- of a once-healthy Ruddy Duck population were in the H.M. (RK) and tween Kearnyand North Arlington,Hudson and Bergencos., N.J.; at J.B.W.R., where only one brood appeared in August (CP), but a J.B.W.R.: Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, New York City; and brood at Patchogueprovided the first breedingrecord elsewhereon Tinicum: Tinicum Nat'l EnvironmentalCenter, Philadelphia. Long Island (GSR). Most of the summering non-breeding diving ducks were singles, as usual, but an unusually large non-breeding LOONS THROUGH HERONS -- In addition to normal late scoter flock at Cape May included40 Black, eight Surf, and a single migrantCorn. Loons, such as five at Harvey'sL., LuzerneCo., Pa., White-winged scoter (DS), about in the order of their winter fre- June5 (J. Hoyson,K. McGuire)and two at LeaserL., LehighCo., quency there; another six Black Scoters were on the Cumberland Pa., to June6 (C. Elwell), theusual handful summered along the coast County S.B.C. (D. Ward). and even inland (e.g., Wild Creek Res., s. Carbon Co., Pa.--B. A Hooded Merganswer with 7 young was at Gelatt, Susquehanna Silfies).Far more intriguingwere "one to three iramatures... with Co., Pa. (S. Santner), but breeding could not be proven at the adultsin courtshipdisplays" June 12-26 at AshokanRes., Ulster Co., Bashakill, where Tramontano suspectedtwo femalesof parasitizing N.Y. (F. Murphy). The "immatures"were probablymerely non- the abundant Wood Ducks, nor at Cape May (July 27--DS), nor on breedingbirds in winter plumage.but the situationbears close Octoraro and Conowingo creeks, Lancaster Co., Pa. (RMS) where watching,for we have a belatedreport of a confirmedCorn. Loon birds were present. Common Mergansers, too, were along Con- breedingin summer1981 at anothers. CatskillMts. lake, Rondout owingo Cr., for the secondsummer, without definiteproof of breed- Res., a few mi farther s. in Ulster County (fide S. Sutcliffe),the first ing (RMS). This speciesdoes breed on the Susquehannaat Tunkhan- confirmedCatskills breedingrecord. A Red-throatedLoon in Re- nock, Pa. (WR) and probably on the Neversink R., Sullivan Co., hobothBay, Del., June13 (MVB, WWF, WFi) washighly unusual for N.Y. OPT). We learned of two Red-breastedMerganser breeding midsummer. records: a female with eight large young at Shinnecock Inlet, L.I., Althoughthey enjoyed their most productive summer ever in the July 30 (GSR), where they have bred very occasionallyin the past, H.M. at Kearny (120 in 24 family groups---RK),Pied-billed Grebes and a female with four flightless young at Beach Haven, N.J., on have becomedangerously scarce and localizedelsewhere in this Barnegat Bay, July 27, the samelocation as a 1950brood (P. McClain, Region.Only 3 other New Jerseybreeding sites were knownthis N.J.D.F.G.W.). summer: Shades of Death Marsh, Warren Co. (one pair), Trenton Marsh (one pair), and the Pedricktownimpoundment, Salem Co. (two pairs--RK,JKM). In Delaware,Pied-billed Grebes are believed to be down to one pair at DelawareCity and anotherat Little Creek N.W.A. (DAC). At the Bashakill,on the Orange-SullivanCo. line, N.Y., they still breed "commonly" (JPT), but last year's pair at J.B.W.R. did not repeat (CP), nor was there a pair at the other occasionalLong Island site, Poxabogue(GSR). Nothing in the historicalrecord preparedus for the massiveinva- sion of Brown Pelicans. Its first stageswere describedin the last season'sreport. The IndianR. Inlet, Del., accumulationreached 28 on July 7 and40 July 40 (E. Scharr).The northernmostobservation was of two at Townsend's Inlet, N.J., July 2-3 (RRa). Great Blue Herons have changedtheir breedingstrategy. They are abandoningcoastal heronries for uplandforest. In New Jersey,where 6 active coloniesare known, totalling280 pairsthis summer,includ- Swallow-tailedKite infiight over GreenbrookSanctuary, N.J., June ing new coloniesat Great Swamp(H. Laskowski)and at Scotland 2, 1982. Photo/John Serrao. Run, GloucesterCo. (Stallenberger),no coloniesremain on the coast or alongDelaware Bay (RK). On theDelaware side of thebay, a few RAPTORS -- The spring's Swallow-tailedKite sightingscon- pairs remain at Pea Patch I. (CS, DAC), but the main Delaware tinued with one at S. Cape May Meadows June 2 & 18 (CS, RK), colony is inlandat Taylor's Bridge.The new colonyreported last perhapsthe same, and anotherat the even less expectedinland

Volume36, Number6 959 locationof Media,Pa, June11 (fide AH) We followMississippi Kite traditionalSharptown, Salem Co , N J siteJuly 2 (JKM) The only summerrecords with even closerattention, for breedingmay be at healthy populationis the 20 pairs at J.F.K. Airport, QueensCo , hand.Following reports of up to fivein theCape May, N.J.--Lewes, N.Y.C., whereChevalier banded 36 young(57 last year, but banding Del., areathrough June 6, discussedlast season, one was at Bethany was easier in shortergrass). Beach for Delaware's secondrecord June 20 (P. Bezark). Most of Unusualcounts for so late a datewere 50 White-rumpedSandpip- theseobservations are of sub-adults,the age-groupmost likely to ers at CapeHenlopen, Del., with 5000peep June 11 (MVB, WWF), wander, but a•e shouldbe carefullyascertained for eachobservation. and 90 White-rumpedswith 3000 peep acrossDelaware Bay at Cooper's Hawks did better than last year: five confirmednests in Thompson'sBeach, N.J., June 12 (DS). They were probablylate New Jersey(two last year--RE, N.J.D.F.G.W.), plus one in Orange migrants,but a Long-billedDowitcher and a W. Sandpiper,both at County, N.Y. (K. McDermott). As was formerly the case, fewer ShinnecockInlet, L.I., June23 (PAB) were probablynon-breeding, Sharp-shinnedHawk than Cooper's nests were reported: one in summeringindividuals. PassaicCounty, N.J. (RRa, T. Vogel), a youngbird caughtin a barn in Shorebirdmovement S wasclearly underway, as usual, by the end Warren County, N.J. (G. Bleiweiss), and another possible pair in of June. Two breeding-plumagedShort-billed Dowitchers were at Warren County (WW). Only one Golden Eagle was observed, in Cape May June27 (PD). By July 3,100 LesserYellowlegs, five Stilt PassaicCounty, N.J., July 3 (RJB, V. Blauvelt). The usualhalf-dozen Sandpipers,and 500 Short-billedDowitchers were at Moore's Beach, wanderingimm. Bald Eaglesclustered in late July. CumberlandCo., N.J. (D S); Suttonfound 1000Short-billed Dowltch- The Osprey revival continues. Nests increasedto 40 in coastal ers thereJuly 4. Least Sandpipershad reached1000 at Brig., July 17 Delaware, many of them on duck blinds(25 in 1980,31 in 1981--PJ), (RK). and to 97 in New Jersey(87 last year). The New Jerseynests enjoyed A moultingad. Calidris tentativelyidentified as a Little Stint was "greatproduction," the 87 that coul be checkedfledging 100 young (89 foundat Little CreekW.M.A., Del., July24 (PDu, B. Swiftet al.) and last year--J. Frier, N.J.D.F.G.W.). The N.J.D.F.G.W. now con- seenagain July 28-30 (P., J., & M. O'Brien, DFA et al.). There is sidersthe state'spopulation self-sustaining, and has ceased its 4-year somepossibility that the secondsighting was not of the samebird egg transfer project. Eleven pairs are using the power poles around Ratherdistant photographs of it (J. O'Brien),which unfortunately do the Salemnuclear plant without apparentmortality. The only bleak not showbill shape(Least Sandpiperbill shapeis diagnostic),appear spotwas Long Island, where cold and rain reducedfledging to 60 (125 to rule out any Americanpeep as well as Rufous-neckedSandpiper In 1981, 101 in 1980). Even there total nests grew from 93 to 95, a (THD). Previously confirmed e. North American recordsof Little hopeful sign for the future (M. Scheibel, N.Y. State Dept. of Env. Stint are of a specimenfrom JamesBay, OntarioJuly 1979(Auk Cons.). Perhapsthe next step will be the reestablishmentof interior 97:627-8)and photographicrecords from BermudaJune 1975(AB and Delaware Bay sites, if pollutionlevels permit. 30:918), Little Creek, Del., May 1979(AB 34:850-1),Monomoy I , All four pairs of hackedPeregrine Falcons in coastalNew Jersey Mass., June 1980(AB 34:876), and Grand Manan I., N.B., June-July attemptedto nest,three of themproducing ten naturalyoung to which 1980 (ibid.). There are also a recent summer record from Nebraska two chicks were added (M. Welton, N.J.D.F.G.W.). and a number from the Bering Sea coast of Alaska. Three Curlew Sandpiperswere reportedin July (Tinicum•BSt, Cape May--DS, PD; and J.B.W.R.). Five Ruff/Reeve records,one BOBWHITE, RAILS, SHOREBIRDS -- Several observers June 6 at S. Cape May Meadows (CS, DS), one June 30 at J.B.W R (GSR, RFD) believe that Bobwhite are recoveringfrom their 1978-81 (B. Glassand againJuly 10--M. Sohmer,B. Baker), and two at B low. F.E. Hartman, wildlife biologist with the PennsylvaniaGame Hook in late July (PDu, DFA), were aboutnormal. The presenceof a Commission,writes us to expressdoubt about the commontheory breeding-plumagedRed Phalaropeat S. Cape May MeadowsJune 5- (AB 35:924) that Bobwhite have become more vulnerableto winter 19 (CS, DS, ph., AB) was explainedby oiled plumage.Much more becauseof restockingwith southernbirds. Mr. Hartmanexplains that tantalizingwas an ad. • Wilson'sPhalarope at CapeMay June19-23 few southernBobwhites were usedfor stockingin Pennsylvania,and (DS), now that this specieshas bred e. to the New Englandcoast that few stocked birds "live long enough to make an impact on populationsor breedinggenetics." He attributesBobwhite decline to GULLS, TERNS -- White-wingedgull reportswere limited to the changinghabitat conditionsand some severe winters over the last 12 coast;a GlaucousGull was at the Cape May ferry slip June 17 (RK), years. and an Iceland Gull at Cape Henlopen, Del., June 12 (PJ, WWF) An The diminishingSora still breeds in the Bashakill (JPT), and a ad. Black-headedGull at J.B.W.R., July 5-Aug. 28 wasthe only one callingbird alongthe HackensackR., RocklandCo., N.Y., may have reported. Flood tides damagedLaughing Gull successat 2 of 4 bred (RFD), but there was no repeat of 1980'sexceptional salt marsh coloniesin OceanCounty, N.J. (JBr), but in Delaware,where breed- breeding on Long Island. A Purple Gallinule frequented the Cape ing has not beenverified in moderntimes, over 1000nests with eggs May lighthousepond for the secondsummer (DS, RK), and another were found on RehobothBay June 13 (MVB, WWF, WFi). The new was at Tinicum June 6-27 (JCM, ph., S. Lipschutz), but since the colonyin New York flourishes,though its locationat the end of a disappearanceof the Dragon's Run, Del., pair of a decade ago there J.F.K. Airport runwayposes problems. The only Little Gull reported has been no evidence of breedingin this Region. was at J.B.W.R., July 23-Aug. 18. American Oystercatchershave prosperedby shiftingfrom outer A few Gull-billed and Forster's ternsfrequented w. Long Island in beachnesting to sandbars in the salt marsh,despite occasional losses June, but there was no evidence of breedingn. of New Jersey this to floodingthere. Davis' intensive studiesof shorebirdsat J.B.W.R., time (MG, PWP, JZ). Six "Portlandica"Com. Ternswere at Holgate, showthat oystercatchershave "increaseddramatically" there in late N.J., July3-5, four of themeven retaining the blacklegs of first-winter summer(24 on July 31). Anothergood concentration typical of recent plumage (WJB). Normally birds of this age winter in the tropics summerswas 75 roostingwith many other shorebirdsat high tide on Common Tern colonieswere successfulon upper beacheson Long Stone Harbor Pt., Cape May Co., N.J., July 19 (CS). Islandand at Holgate,N.J., but wherethey havebeen forced into salt We have no systematicstudy of PipingPlovers like that conducted marsh, as in Ocean County, N.J., stormtides washedout all but one by Ann Galli in New Jerseyin 1980,but they seemto be holdingtheir of 25-30colonies (JBr). An Arctic Tern in near ad. breedingplumage own there and on Long Island (AG, MG, ROP) despiteseemingly (white forehead)was at Cape May June 6-7 (DS), and four were at overwhelminghuman pressureson the outer beaches.In Delaware, ShinnecockInlet, L.I., June23 (PAB). RoseateTerns, thought to be Jahnfound 18 adultsduring the statewideLeast Tern surveyJune 12. declininga few years ago, maintainedtheir w. Long Islandoutpost at A gratifying concentration of 500 Whimbrel gathered with 200 Cedar Beach and had a "marvelousyear" at Great Gull I., off n e Willets and the aforementioned75 Am. Oystercatcherson Stone Long Island (700 pairs--JDiC). A singleadult at Cape May July 24 Harbor Pt., N.J., duringhigh tide July 19(CS). The Upland Sandpiper addsto a numberof summerobservations in New Jersey,but there is situationbecomes steadily more precarious.Wander found only 12 no suggestionof resumedbreeding s. of Long Island. pairs at 5 sites in n.w. New Jersey during an intensive survey of In the absenceof any systematiccensus of colonialwater birdslike grasslandspecies for the N.J.D.F.G.W. His study showedthat the those of the middle 1970s, it has been difficult to assesstern and best habitat is extensivefallow fields interspersedwith cultivation skimmerpopulations generally, and particularly the most fugitive and that leaves some bare ground (e.g., soybeans,corn, strawberries), opportunisticnesters among them, Least Terns. The best-surveyed not a habitat compatiblewith either intensiveagriculture or subur- populationwas in Delaware, where 1317adults were in 7 sitesJune banization.Additional localities reported to us sinceour 1980survey 12, nearlyup to last year'slevel (PJ). Major coloniesat Holgateand (AB 34:880)included three pairsnear Hawk Mt., Pa. (SB) and five Corson's Inlet, N.J., fenced in by wildlife officials, did well, but birds at Gilbertsville, Pa. (AH), but only two pairs were at the volunteer efforts could not prevent the great colony at Eaton's Neck,

960 American Birds, November 1982 L.1., from beingdecimated for the third year in a row, this time by Dutchess County, N.Y. (R.T.W.B.C.) and one was at Wild Creek Black-crowned Night Herons (S. Rupert). Others suffered from Res., Carbon Co., Pa., June 26 (BLM). This specieshas bred in e. flooding,gull predation, and human beachuse. Pennsylvaniaon occasion,and in 1979in the New Jerseyhighlands. Royal and Sandwichterns continue to prospectin this Region, Still expanding, Kentucky Warblers bred at Miller Place for the third althoughthere is no evidenceof breedingn. of their presentMaryland Long Island record (P. Laino), and two were "on location" near limit. StragglingCaspian Terns includednot only the usuallate July Berwick, Luzerne Co., Pa. (D. Gross,fide WR). individuals, but midsummerbirds on Raritan Bay June 22 (RK) and at Bobolink appears to be one grasslandspecies that is holding its CapeMay June19 (DS), particularlyinteresting since a few Caspians own. Wander found 80-100 singingmales in Hunterdon County, while have recently been nestingin coloniesof other speciesin Virginia. they did well in n. WestchesterCounty, N.Y. (BW) and n.e. Pennsyl- We have no overall census of Black Skimmers, but beach colonies vania (59 on one B.B.S. route--WR). Whereas there have been six N. generallydid well while salt marshcolonies were floodedout. Skim- Orioles for each Orchard Oriole in the 6 years of the S. Lancaster mers did much better than last year in Delaware, where the Tower County, Pa., S.B.C. (RMS), the ratio is morethan reversedalong the Rd. colony in Indian R. Inlet reached 120 July 24 (PJ). coast where Sibley found "'every' shadetrade" with its territorial c3 Orchard Oriole in 40 mi covered by bicycle in n. Cape May County, OWLS TO FLYCATCHERS -- An intensivestudy of Barn Owls N.J. Northern Oriole does not breed here. Orchard Orioles also did in s.w. New Jersey by B. Colvin revealed 39 nestingattempts in very well in n.w. New Jersey (WW), in Orange County, N.Y. (JPT), Salem, Cumberland, and Gloucestercos., of which 32 hatched young and in Queens County, where they bred for the first time in years (I 11 banded).In n.w. New Jersey,however, Soucyfound fewer than (THD), but they remain relatively uncommon on e. Long Island. 20 sitesoccupied out of 76 traditionallocations (65-70 young banded), Boat-tailedGrackles bred againin New York; three of the four nests an evenpoorer year thanlast. Ajuv. Saw-whetOwl pickedup injured observedat Pearsali'sHammock, Nassau Co., L.I. fledgedyoung in urban Hollis, Queens, June 20 (fide H. Richard) and another on (JZ, R. Miller). At the other end of the Region,they were presentall Great Gull I., July I (JDiC et al.), wherethe birdshad almost certainly seasonfor the first time up Delaware Bay into Salem County, N.J. not bred, suggestthat thejuveniles may travel somedistance from the (JKM), having heretofore spreadthe other way from the first New nest. Jerseysettlement in adjacentCumberland County. The continued increase of Chuck-will' s-widows was demonstrated by at leastfive callingbirds on e. Long Island(GSR) plusa nestat the GROSBEAKS, FINCHES, SPARROWS -- New York's first original Oak Beach location (K. Fuestel). Chuck-will's-widowis the confirmed Blue Grosbeak nest was at Latourette P., Staten I. (W. & only s. landbird speciescolonizing up the coast rather than up the N. Siebenheller),and the specieswas increasingin all but the n. edge river systems,for e. Long Island is slow to receive the other s. of the Region and e. Long Island. A young d Blue Grosbeakwas at immigrants(except the Ardeidae), despite apparentlyfavorable cli- Marshlands Conservancy, Westchester Co., N.Y., June I-2 (fide mate. TWB). A singing d Dickcissel June 22 near Greenwich, Cumberland A Scissor-tailedFlycatcher was near Vineland June 19-20(J. Ma- Co., N.J. (RDB) could not be located again. Another was in Dutchess han, ph., AB, S. LaFrance) for the secondmidsummer record in a County, N.Y., July 20-21 (R.T.W.B.C.), but the 1974 nest in the row for Salem County, N.J.; probably the same individual was at H.M., remainsthe only proven breedingrecord in this century. Kimble's Beach,Cape May Co., a few dayslater (J. Seibert,ph., K. After breedingonce again on StatenI., as reportedlast season,Pine Seager). Elsewhere, an immature was at J.F.K. Airport July 2 (SC). Siskins ranged as far s. as Port Elizabeth, Cumberland Co., N.J. Acadian Flycatchersresumed expansion up the Hudson R. (BW, (RDB) to the end of June,although no nestingwas proven. In addition RFD), although they are "still scarce" on e. Long Island where a to the Red Crossbills'nesting attempts described last season.Raynor secondnesting was confirmed (GSR). The real Empidonax success found a male with four fledglingsat Upton, L.I., June 15. story was Willow Flycatcher, which seemedcommon everywhere. A GrasshopperSparrows thrive in the right habitat. An amazing25 pair nested exceptionallyat Cape May Pt. (DS) and another at were in a singlefield near Wild Creek Res., Carbon Co., Pa., July 10 Gandy's Beach,Cumberland Co., N.J., the first therein 27 years(D. (fide AH), and 20 were at Longarm Res., York Co., Pa. (D. Heath- Kunkle). Delaware had I0 pairs where 3-4 were known a few years cote), althoughWander found only I I pairs at 7 sitesin Hunterdon ago (WWF, DAC). Co., N.J.,n in his study of grasslandsbirds. The elusiveHenslow's Sparrow,no longerbreeding in Delaware, is SWALLOWS TO VIREOS -- Cliff Swallows, barely hangingon at doing well only in n.e. Pennsylvania, where Reid follows 3-4 loca- traditional barn sites since the painting of barns became widespread, tions, and Galesville Airport. Ulster Co., N.Y., where 12-15 birds are staginga major expansionon bridges.A stunning184 nestswere were presentagain. The only record in New Jerseywas of a single under the Lambertville, N.J.-New Hope, Pa. bridge, whose repairs singingmale at Stony Brook Millstone Watershed, Mercer Co., the N.J.D.F.G.W. managedto postpone;the more traditional Bull's July 25-Aug. I, the site of the last known state nestingin 1976(RJB, I., N.J., bridge increasedto 34+ (M. Welton, N.J.D.F.G.W.). RK, ph., P. Moylan, E. Breden). Red-breastedNuthatches have been nestingin ornamentalconifers in the n. part of this Regionfor sometime, but a bird feedingyoung in t Cumberland County, N.J., in June (D. Ward) signalledthe second county nestingand the fourth on the coastal plain of New Jersey. Another nestedthis summer in the Institute Woods at Princeton (fide RK), associated,as usual, with Norway spruce.A 6 Short-billed Marsh Wren built a dummy nest and displayedfruitlessly at Pur- chase, Westchester Co., N.Y., June 20-July 11 (TWB). This species has not nested beyond coastal Delaware in this Region for many years. WarblingVireos are thrivingin the n. part of the Region.Deed reports that they have replaced Red-eyed Vireo as the commonest vireo speciesin Rockland County, N.Y., while they were "in every hedgerow"in Hunterdon County, N.J. (WW) and were even pressing at the coastalplain of Long Island, wherean advertisingmale wasat SpringfieldPark, Queens,in June(THD).

WARBLERS, ICTERIDS -- A few Golden-wingedWarbler populations still hold out against Blue-winged Warblers where newly Henslow's Sparrow,Stony Brook, Mercer Co., N.J., July25-Aug. 1, abandonedfields remain at just the right early stageof succession(cf. 1982. Photo/Phil Moylan. Gill, Auk 97:1-18, and Confer et al., Auk 98: 108-114).Seven pairs were at Great Meadows, Warren Co., N.J. (Rk et al.) and four at Only a few pairs of Sharp-tailedSparrows could be found in Leaser L., n.e. Lehigh Co., Pa. (BLM), but a traditional Golden- Delawarethis summer(DAC, WWF). Vesper Sparrowsappear to be winged Warbler spot at Waterloo, SussexCo., N.J., has been over- rather common in the proper habitat. In s. Lancaster County, Pa., run by Blue-wingedWarblers (BLM). A c• Lawrence's hybrid was "any largeexpanse of argiculturalfields has Vesper Sparrow breed- feeding young at Pound Ridge, Westchester Co., N.Y., July 11 ing"(RMS), andthe S.B.C. totalledten as compared with four in each (TWB). Yellow-rumped (Myrtle) Warblers bred for the first time in of the previous3 years. Around Allentown,Pa., Morris had 4-5

Volume 36, Number 6 961 state record, all from Long Island. This is the most likely "western" longspur to reach the e. coast; a number of coastal records include one in Virginia in June 1977 and one at Cape May in June 1980.

EXOTICS -- Monk Parakeets persist in Rockland County, N.Y., despiteNew York State's efforts to preventthe establishmentof this temperate zone, fruit-eater. One was at Piermoat July 28-30 (P & E Derven), and 3-4 were reported in April (RFD).

CORRIGENDUM -- The Short-eared Owl reported from Dela- ware in summer 1981 (AB 35:924) should be deleted.

OBSERVERS -- (subregionalcompilers in bold face): D.F. Ab- bott, J.M. Abbott, Tom Amico, R.D. Barber, Maurice V. Barnhffi (Del.), Seth Benz, Irving H. Black (n.e.N.J.), RaymondJ. Blicharz (n.c.N.J.), Alan Brady, P.A. Buckley, Joanna Burger (JBr), Joe Chestnut-collaredLongspur, in breedingplumage, Bay CountyPark, Burgiel, ThomasW. Burke (Westchester Co., N.Y.), Sam Chevalier, E. Rockaway,L.I., June 6-8, 1982.Photo/Georges Dremeaux. J.D. Danzenbaker, Thomas H. Davis (s.e.N.Y., L.I.), Robert F. Deed locations, as did Reid in n.e. Pennsylvania. Wander found them (Rockland Co., N.Y.), Joe DiCostanzo (JDiC), Paul Dumont (PDu), common in n.w. New Jersey locations, e.g., Alpha, Warren Co., Peter Dunne (coastal N.J.), R. Eriksen, W. Fintel (WFi), G.A. where extensivefallow fieldswere interspersedwith cultivationthat Franchois, G.L. Freed, W.W. Frech, Ann Galli, Michael Gochfeld, leaves some bare ground, the same habitat appreciatedby Upland Greg Hanisek (n.w.N.J.), Armas Hill (s.e. Pa.), PeggyJahn, Cliff Sandpiper. Jones, Rich Kane, J.T. Lineban, R.L. Mauer, J.C. Miller, J.K. Meritt Dark-eyedJunco, which formerly bred only above2000 ft in n.e. (s.e.N.J.), Bernard L. Morris (e. Pa.), Clive Pinnock, P.W. Post, Pennsylvania,now breedsdown to 1400ft near Wyalusing,where Rick Radis (RRa), G.S. Raynor, William Reid (n.e. Pa.), Robert Reid found 11 birds, one feedingyoung, July 5. A singingmale was at Russell, R.M. Schutsky, David Sibley, Barbara Spencer, Bill Stocku Clinton Road, PassaicCo., N.J., July 3 (P. Bacinski).White-throated (BSt), Clay Sutton, John P. Tramontano (Orange, Sullivan, and Sparrows,which have also been breedingsporadically in the New Ulster Cos., N.Y.), Wade Wander, Berna Weissman, John Jerseyhighlands, were singingat Wild Creek Res., CarbonCo., Pa., Zarudsky, Ralph T. Waterman Bird Club, Dutchess Co., N.Y. July l0 (fide AH) and at Berwick, Luzerne Co., Pa., June24, at under (R.T.W.B.C.), and New Jersey Division of Fish, Game, and Wildlife 1000 ft (WR). (N.J.D.F.G.W.). ROBERT O. PAXTON, 560 RiversideDrive, Apt. The passerinerarity of the seasonwas a c• Chestnut-collared 12K, New York, N.Y. 10027, WILLIAM J. BOYLE, JR., 15 Indian Longspurin breedingplumage at BayCoun{y P., E. Rockaway,L.I., Rock Road, Warren, N.J. 07060, and DAVID A. CUTLER, 1110 Rock June 6-8 (M. Lindauer, THD, BS, ph., G. Dremeaux), for the fifth Creek Dr., Wyncote, Pa. 19095.

MIDDLE ATLANTIC COAST REGION at Chinc., July 4-25 (WBo, RFR et al.). Wolfe found two Red- throated Loons at Back Bay, Va., June 26, thesealways much more /Henry T. Armistead unusual in sumer than the former species.A Horned Grebe, probably a late migrant, was at McKee-Beshers W.M.A., w. of Seneca, Deviation from normal of regional temperatures: June, - 1.7øF, Md., June 5 (LB) and a summeringbird was at Deal I., Md., July 4 July +0.4ø; precipitation: June + 1.39", July +0.34" Cold, rainy, (DM). Scarce regional breeders, Pied-billed Grebe singleswere at windy weather characterizedmuch of Juneadversely affecting some Green Springs in w.-c. Louisa Co., Va., July 26-29 (JBB), Chinc., insectivores, birds breeding next to streams and ground nesters, July 9 (DFA) and five were in Deal Island W.M.A., June 26 (HTA), a althoughthere was not overwhelmingevidence of this. Beachnesters very poor total for the latter locality. Northern Fulmar stagedan were set back by flood tides. Shorebirdsand somemigrant passerines unprecedentedshowing for the summerperiod with two seen25 mi e. lingeredlater thannormal. July's weather was unremarkable. Report- of Smith I., Va., June 12 (BT), 14 the sameday off Ocean City, Md. ing on colonial waterbirds, shorebirds,Bald Eagles, and pelagicbirds (RN, m.ob.) and a dead one on Hog I., Va.E.S., June 21 (RB,fide continues to yield valuable information. A few observers analyzed BW). Other highlightsof Naveen's Ocean City pelagictrips included their Breeding Bird Surveys (hereafter, B.B.S.) providing a tip-of- the-iceberg look at some pedestrian species but until more B.B.S. results are submitted prior to deadline the elitist coastal and scarcer specieswill continueto dominate this summerreport and we can only have intimations of the major status changes of common birds. Several major phenomenadeserve attention as suggestedby Russell: the effects of the suddenpopularity of no-till agriculturewith its welcome increased in ground cover (Newsweek, Aug. 23, 1982, p. 24ff.) and the relative effects on our "summer" birds of massive tropical deforestation(Conversion of tropical moistforests, National Academy of Sciences, 1980) vs forest fractionalization or conversion to croplandsin the United States (SmithsonianInstitution research reports. Spring 1982, p. 3if.). The latter report is especiallygermane. summarizinga study of breeding birds over much of Maryland's CoastalPlain by JamesF. Lynch. There certainlyis causefor concern about forest species. Abbreviations: Assat. I.. AssateagueI., Md.: Chinc., ChincoteagueN.W.R.; Craney, Craney I., Portsmouth,Va.; Va.E.S., Virginia Eastern Shore.

LOONS THROUGH IBISES -- Common Loons lingered later than normal with seven at Bellevue, Talbot Co., Md., June 5 (HTA, EMW, JCW). most of these in breeding plumage, two there June 12 (HTA) and one flying over Assat. I., June 12 (SHD). Four summered

962 American Birds, November 1982 the likes of 224 Cory's, 905 Greater, 165 Sooty and one Manx specieswere on Cherry I., and Hog Neck (both on Smith I., Md.) and shearwaters,3200 Wilson's and 35 Leach's storm-petrelsJune 12, the Watts I. For the secondconsecutive year Little Blue Heron bred on last probably a record regional total. A June 26 trip produced 1042 Poplar I.. with three pairs July 10 (chicksin 2 nests}.Talbot County's Cory's, 1317 Greater, 327 Sooty and three Manx shearwaters,627 only breedingrecords (DM, HLW). In CharlesCo., Md. 700 pairs of Wilson's and one Leach's storm-petrels,the Cory's figurea regional Great Blue Herons were estimated at the Nanjemoy beronry June I 1 record, the Sooties extremely late as they are normally remarkable (JAG). High counts at Chinc. included 221 Little Blue Herons, 162 after the first week in June. By contrasta July 17foray found only nine Great Egrets, 525 Snowy EgretsJuly 30-31and 295 Cattle Egretsand Greater and six Cory's sheapa'atersplus 1724 Wilson's Storm- 202 Glossy Ibises July 22-23 (CPW). At Deal I., seven Least Bitterns Petrels. were found June 26 (HTAL An imm. White Ibis at Craney I., Va., Extremely late (?) was a subad.Gannet moving N June 12 (RN et July 13was the only one reported away from the barrier islands(D & al.). Exciting were views of Wilson's Storm-Petrelsfrom land suchas MM). one from Back Bay June26 (TRW) and numeroussightings in or near inlets and islandsof the Va.E.S., June 21-July 8, such as five inside WATERFOWL-- At the s. edge of their rangewere 24 adult and 11 Ship ShoalInlet June22 (BW, BT et al.). Truitt saw 600July 10 at sea imm. Mute Swans at Chinc., July 25 (WBo) and two adults at off the Virginia capes. Bizarre was a White Pelican consortingand Hooper's I., Md., June 5 (HTA, EMW, JCW). Fetal CanadaGeese roosting with breeding herons on Metomkin 1., Va., late May-late continue to thrive with counts such as 117 on Nolting Pond, Louisa June complete with the knobby ridge on maxilla typical of breeding Co., Va., July 31 in the Piedmont (JBB). At Alexandria a d' Black adults (BW et al.). But Brown Pelicans stole the show with their Duck and 9 Mallard were seen with their six downy youngJuly 31 biggestinvasion on record beginningin early Junewith 30 on Wreck I. (JMA). For an overview of the decline of the Black concurrent with (HG,fide RLA). Other Virginia recordsof interest were up to 13 at captive Mallard release programs see Field & Stream October 1981 p. 40ff. and August 1982 p. 19ff., one more example of why birders should pay more attention to hunters/game managers(vice versa equally true). At Deal I., June26 were 121Black Ducks, 28 Gadwall (very low), one Green-wingedTeal and 46 Blue-wingedTeal (HTA), one Pintail June 4 (DM), and two Am. Wigeon June 14 (DM, HLW). Eight N. Shovelersat Chinc., July 16 were of interest,there beingno Virginia breedingrecord (FRS, JWD). At Dulles lnt'l Airport, Va., July 3, 100Wood Ducks were seen (CT, BC). Stray divers included a Ring-necked Duck al Dulles July 3 (CT, BC), a Lesser Scaup at Craney June22 (RC) and an abundanceof Black Scoterssuch as 37 on Metomkin I., June 23 (BW), 17-20at Chinc., July 1-23 (CPW, FRS) and four at Fisherman I., the entire period (RLA).

KITES THROUGH RAILS -- Honors for fanciest hawk go to TalbotCounty, Md., wheretwo ad. MississippiKites were seen July 9, only the secondstate record (JKE). Most unusualwere three Brown Pelicansatop pilings. YorkRiver. Va.. July 2. 1982. Photo/ differentSharp-shinned Hawks at IrishGrove Sanctuary e. of Cris- William S. Portlock. field,Md., June30, July 2 & 10(JLS). This and Cooper's Hawk were morewidely reported than usual, especially in thePiedmont (MPM, CapeHenry (fideTRW), 25 at Smithl.-Metomkin I., June22-23 (BW, JBB, CT, JAG, JWE). Bald Eaglenews continues to be goodnews. BA, RB et al.), 19 at Metomkin I., July 1 (BT), 15 on the York R., July Consultfuture issuesfor a spectaculardevelopment which for rea- 2 (BP et al., ph.), and 24 at New Inlet July 16 (BT). The 30 on Wreck sonsof discretionmust go unmentionedfor the moment.At unde- I., constitutea record Virginia count. The last Virginia influx of note velopedCaledon S.P., Va., on the PotomacR., 41 werecounted in was in 1977. Maryland birds appearedfrom mid-Juneon (DN, fide earlyJuly (BC, fide FRS) andthree adults with 21 immatureswere HLW) with these sightingsfrom Assat. I.: nine July 1; ten July 6; 15 thereJuly 21 (FRS, MAB). TheChespeake Bay eagle survey had its July 9; 11 July 11 (FZ, fide HLW). The 15 on July 9 was a new state "bestyear yet in numbersof activenests and eaglets." Statistics are: high count. But the outstandingrarity of the period was a Brown active nests106 (46-Va., 56-Md., four-Del.); hatchlings106 (44, 57, 5 Boobyat FishermanIsland N.W.R., Va., seenJune 26, for a fourth respectively);fledglings 99 (40, 56, 3 respectively);banded 79 (35, 44, state record (CRV, AS, fide JSW). Double-crestedCormorant con- 0 respectively)."For the third year in successionwe have a marked tinues to manifesta strongsummer presence although some early increasein nestingpairs (84 in 1980,94 in 1981,106 in 1982)and in the June birds are undoubtedly late migrants, such as 60 flying N over numberof younghatched (74 in 1980.97in 1981and 106 in 1982)... Mills I., Md., June 13 (SHD). Good summertotals are 71 at Hopewell, Sixnests in Maryland[in 5 differentcounties] produced three eaglets Va., June 24 (FRS et al.), up to 15 in the Alexandria-Wash., D.C. area each... at least2 Virginianests had three eggs but one failed to hatch (JMA, DFA, DC), and 100 on Holland I., Md., July 15 (DM). At in bothnests... A very happysign that there is improvementin the Barren I., Md., 335 June 5 was a record total for Dorchester County eagle'senvironment is thattwo Virginiaand two Marylandpairs (EMW, HTA, JCW). whichhave been unsuccessful in raisingyoung despite [many] annual Away from major breeding areas herons made a poor showing attempts,finally produced young... countingour non-activenest (RFR, DHW, DFA), low numberswere presentin c. ChesapeakeBay siteswhere adults were present (10) the ChesapeakeBay areaBald heronries(HTA), but on the Va.E.S., better-than-averagenumbers Eaglebreeding population is nowat least116 pairs, up from 107in were found (BW et al.). Williams and others completed the eighth 1981and 100in 1980."(JMA, BC, MAB, FRS et al.). The Peregrine straightyear of surveyson the Va.E.S., from Assawoman-Fisherman Falconhacking program continues to beimplemented with strength. I., June 20-24 with these numbers of adults seen: Green Heron 44, Minor(?) resultsseem to be a decreasein shorebirdsat the Chinc. Little Blue Heron 326 (new high), Cattle Egret 89 (new low), Great washfiats (CPW) where three young 9 Peregrinesfledged this year Egret 551 (new high), Snowy Egret 776, Louisiana Heron 1004, (firstVirginia nesting record in 20 years)and avoidance by Marsh Black-crowned Night Heron 1456, Yellow-crowned Night Heron 75, Hawks of some areasthat the falconshaunt (e.g., Fisherman I., RLA Glossy Ibis 964 and White Ibis two (one each on Wreck and Fisher- & cf. AmericanBirds, Nov. 1981,p. 927). man Is.). Big mixed heronries,all with at leasteight species,were on Several B.B.S.s indicate Bobwhiteto be in good numbersdespite Metomkin, Hog, Cobb, Wreck and Fisherman Is. Herons were in the hard winter (SHD, CZ, MCp, HTA, FRS et al.). King Rails were very poor supply in Chesapeakecolonies. A survey from Poplar I., presentall summerat Sterling,Va. (CT). Theyare almost unheard of Md., s. to Watts I., Va., revealed circa 1644pairs (rs 2164-1980, 1747- asa breederon the Virginia Piedmont. High tides destroyed up to 80% 1978,2502-1973). This year's surveyincluded more sitesthan thoseof of ClapperRail nestsalong the Virginiacoast (JHB). A Sorawas at previousyears (HTA, HLW, DM). Totals for all specieswere low: Elliott I., Md., June 19 and 1-2were at Deal I., June6 & 20 (HLW). Great Blue Heron 323, Green Heron 53, Little Blue Heron 88, Cattle Breedingcontinues to be suspectedin theseareas. Wierenga's Black Egret 315, Great Egret 114, Snowy Egret 212, LouisianaHeron 92 Railhigh was eight at ElliottI., June10 including two "singingright at (new low), Black-crownedNight Heron 275, Yellow-crownedNight our feet!" The top Com. Gallinuletally wasof sevenat Deal I., June Heron 72 (new low), GlossyIbis 100(new low). Heronrieswith all 10 26 (HTA), very low for this prime spot.

Volume36, Number6 963 SHOREBIRDS -- Migration was protracted and late, extending The same remarksapply to the heronnessurveys, including my even further into Junethan usual(CPW) Wilds conducted9 weekly own on ChesapeakeBay, where each site •s normallyvisited only surveysat Chinc., the mostinteresting results of whichfollow. Many once and may drastically change one way or another during the of thesetotals are consideredlow owingto highwater levels. Highest courseof the summer.Williams et al., found no Royal Terns on Sh•p countsincluded 2059 Ruddy Turnstones,780 Red Knots, 61 White- ShoalI., in Junebut in July Weske banded292 youngthere. On the rnmpedSandpipers, 5664 SemipalmatedSandpipers, four N. Phala- ChesapeakeBay tern-skimmerpairs found were 154Forster's Terns ropes--all June3-4; one Black-neckedStilt June9; 34 PipingPlovers (low; 4 islands), 827 Com. Terns (high; 5 islands), 116 Least Terns June 10-11; one Am. Golden Plover June 17-18; 728 Short-billed (one island), 150 Royal Terns and 50 Black Skimmers(HLW, DM, DowitchersJuly 8-9; 124Whimbrel July 14-15;1173 Least Sandpip- HTA). The Royals-skimmerswere in one colony in the Virginia ers, oneCurlew Sandpiper,37 Stilt Sandpipers,one Marbled Godwit, portion of Smith I. (ChesapeakeBay) July 19 and representthe 1310Sanderlings, July 22-23; ll6 SemipalmatedPlovers, 61 Greater second and third known Bay breeding records for these species Yellowlegs, 156 Lesser Yellowlegs,405 W. Sandpipers,16 Hudso- respectivelyas well as the largestcolonies (MH, DM, WJLS, HLW) mall Godwits, July 30-31. Mid-summershorebirds are alwayspuz- Of the Corn. Terns a colonyof 473 on Barren I., June5 representsthe zling such as her June 24 totals of two Black-belliedPlovers, one biggestever found in the Maryland part of the Bay and the Least RuddyTurnstone, one Greater Yellowlegs, one White-rumped Sand- Terns were alsohere breedingon dredgespoil designated for just such piper, four Dunlin, 102 SemipalmatedSandpipers and six Sander- a purposefollowing the advice of birders consultedabout this site hngs, some of which may actually be very late migrants.By July 1 (HTA, EMW, JCW). On the Va.E.S., 4484 Royal Terns and four migration is clearly underway again with the arrival of three Whim- Sandwich Terns were banded (JSW, JHB, CRV et al.). Up to 160 brel, two Spotted Sandpipers,two Lesser Yellowlegs, 19 Least Royal Tern nests were found on HorseheadTump, Chincoteague Sandpipers,109 Short-billedDowitchers--all these specieshaving Bay, Md., but as with mostother attemptsby Royalsto breedin that been absentsince early June. Of note are theselate springmigrants: statethis one was a failure. For the ninth straightyear CaspianTerns 93 RuddyTurnstones, 270 Red Knots, 24 White-rompedSandpipers, bred here-on Metomkin, Ship Shoal and Smith Is. (BW, JSW) At 47 Short-billedDowitchers, 3260 Semipalmated Sandpipers, June 10- Grandview Beach 250 Least Tern chicks were banded in mid-June 11; 36 Red Knot, 747 SemipalmatedSandpipers June 17-18.Special indicatinghigh fledging success (BW, RB, BA) but they wereflooded attention was paid to dowitcherswith these results: out on Assat. I. (RFR et al.). About 10 pairs nestedagain on the roof of Cambridge,Md. H.S. (HTA). Notable countsat Chinc., were 13 Sandwich and 113 Black terns July 30-31 (CPW). At Barren I, SBD: $BD: $BD: Long-billed dowitcher griseus hendersoni indeterminate Dowitcher sp. ? records of 35 Black Skimmers June 5 (HTA, EMW, JCW) was a new high for this locality as were 100 on Holland I., July 15 (DM). Two July I -- 109 ------Arctic and a Roseate tern were seen off Ocean City June 12 (RN et July 8-9 -- 691 37 -- -- July 14-15 36 142 ------al.). Just received is the report of 10,000 Bonaparte's Gulls off July 22-23 105 200 24 -- -- Virginia Beach Apr. 4, 1982,considered a conservativecount, and a July 30-31 56 138 43 19 21 new high for the state (RLA, NS).

CUCKOOS THROUGH SHRIKES -- Several commented on the Other Chinc. sightingswere 150 Whimbrel and one Buff-breasted lack of Yellow-billedCuckoos this year. A B.B.S. nearCuckoo (I), Sandpiper July 24 (JKE), a Pectoral SandpiperJuly 10, four Stilt Va., whichhas averaged over ten for the past5 yearsonly hadtwo •n Sandpipers, July 9, two SemipalmatedSandpipers, July 10 and a 1982(CZ). Unusualwas a Black-billedCuckoo at BackBay June26 W. Sandpiper,July 10(last 4 speciesall very early--all DFA). Craney (TRW). Saw-whet Owls were presentat Sterling, Va., at least untfi I also had good shorebirdrecords. Chandler found these lingerers June9 andmay havebred (CT) andan immaturewas at Springfield, June22: two Black-belliedPlovers, two LesserYellowlegs, 17 Semi- Va., in mid-July(RG, BC,fide CT). Breedinghas yet to be provenm palmatedSandpipers, two W. Sandpipers,four White-rumpedSand- Virginia'sPiedmont and Coastal Plain. The Whip-poor-willis seenas p•pers, and a Dunlin. All the peep were gone June 24 but June 30 decliningin the Piedmont(CT, BS, JWE). CommonNighthawks are Wolfe found 10 Greater Yellowlegs, 35 Lesser Yellowlegs, 10 White- suspectedbreeders on 3 islandsof the Va.E.S. (BW). An exceptional rumped Sandpipers,47 Short-billedDowitchers and three Stilt Sand- rarity was a Scissor-tailedFlycatcher July 22 near Nassawadox,Va pipers! By July 20 populationshad built up to 800Lesser Yellowlegs, (BT, GJH), Virginia's seventh, and ony 2 summersafter one was at 50 Stilt Sandpipers,500 Sanderlings,one Wilson's Phalarope and nearby Cape CharlesJune 28, 1980.Heavy rains may have wiped out Am. Avocets peaked here July 15 with 76 (TRW). On June 2, a manybroods ofE. Phoebein May andJune (PW). At IrishGrove very N Phalaropewas seen(HCI). Elsewhere 15Piping Plovers, including early Traill's Flycatcherswere detected July 16 & 26 (JLS) and an slxjuvenals, were on Grand View beach, Hampton, Va., July 4 (RC, amazing 50 pairs of Willow Flycatchers were estimated at Dulles MC). On the Va.E.S., 129 were counted on 9 islandsand 61 Wilson's Airport July 3 (CT, BC). Horned Larks were found in June on 6 Ploverswere on 9 islands,all-time highsin Williams' 8-year survey-- islandsof the Va.E.S., includingseven on ParramoreI. (BW). Tree while 1184 Am. Oystercatcherswere on 16 islands. Six Marbled Swallow continuesto thrive with 127 fledgingat McKee-Beshers Godwits and 200 Whimbrel were on Ship ShoalI., July 19(JSW). On W.M.A. (PW) and nestingconfirmed at Lynchburg, Va., for the first Barren I., 35 SanderlingsJune 5 (HTA, EMW, JCW) and on SmithI., time on June 5 (MPM). New Hopewell 1800 Bank Swallowswere Md., 350 Short-billedDowitchers July 19 (DM) were goodcounts for seenJuly 25 (FRS et al.) and 26 occupiedCliff Swallow nestswere ChesapeakeBay. foundJune 26 (FRS, HO, WKS). An errant Cliff was at CraneyI, June 22, a most odd date (RC). Purple Martins had their third lowest JAEGERS THROUGH SKIMMERS -- Out from Ocean City year since 1972, a cold April and wet, cool June resultingin poor three Parasiticand a late Pomarinejaegerwere seenJune 12 as was a hatching. Dead adults were found in June (MKK). Along Nas- well-studiedSouth Polar Skua June 26 (RN et al.). Unique were an sawangoCr., a Nature Conservancypreserve in PocomokeSwamp, lmm. Iceland Gull at Ocean City July 2 (CPW) and a subad. Lesser Md., whereseveral Brown Creepers were found last summer as many Black-backedGull at Deal I., June! 3 (EB, HLW, JOet al.). On Smith as 25 singingbirds were heard this summeron a 12-mistretch of the I., Md., contentsof 1130Herring Gull neststallied this way May 30: creek in tall cypress,a quantumleap in this species'summer abun- empty nests66, one egg236, two eggs246, three eggs570, four eggs1, danceanywhere in the Region(JLS). A late report is of a Varied two eggs-oneyoung 6, one egg-two young 5 (HTA, DM, HLW). An Thrushpresent at Great Falls, Va., Dec. 28, 1982-Feb.26, 1982(CT et estimated3000 pairs bred here togetherwith perhaps50 pairsof Great al.) for apparently the fourth state record. At Locustville, Va, a Black-backed Gulls. Va.E.S. totals of adult birds included 3772 Swainson'sThrash was found June 18 (GR*). EasternBluebird had a Herring Gulls (high; 5 islands), 18,188 LaughingGulls (new high; 5 successfulbreeding season (CT, BR, JWE, AJF, CZ) with 120young islands),74 Great Black-backedGulls (new high;4 islands),970 Gull- bandedin Newport News City P., (D & MM) and 148counted on the billed Terns (low; 6 islands),3001 Com. Terns (new low; 10 islands), Lynchburg"Christmas Bird Count in June" (June 5, MPM et al ) Forster's Tern 166(3 islands),Least Tern 550 (low; 7 islands),Royal Golden-crowned Kinglets were again heard singing in Carroll Tern 5200, SandwichTern four (low), CaspianTern six (new high; 3 County, Md., June 20, n. of Melrose (RFR, EB) as in last summer islands), Black Skimmer 6303 (low; 9 islands)(BW, RB, BA et al.; Two Cedar Waxwings at Irish Grove June 18 through July were June 20-24). Since many islandswere only visited once and high tides suspectedto have bred (JLS). Richmond'sLoggerhead Shrike pair wiped out many sandnesters, especially the gale of June 16-17,these againnested successfully and were seenwith their threeyoung June 4 totals do not take into accountlater nestingand renestingattempts. (DP, fide FRS).

964 AmericanBirds, November 1982 WARBLERS THROUGH SPARROWS --A SwainsoW s Warbler SOUTHERN ATLANTIC COAST REGION was at Dismal Swamp N.W.R., July 11 (WBo), notable becauseit is one of those species,like Black Rail, which few bother lookingfor /Harry E. LeGrand, Jr. after June. A Blue-winged Warbler and a Brewster's Warbler were presentand singingin the NassawangoCr. preserveJune 8-25, the After two dry summersin succession,the Region enjoyed a fairly Brewster's having been there since late April (JLS, SHD). Either wet breedingseason. Rainfall varied from slightly to greatly above form is almostunheard of anywhere in the Region'sCoastal Plain in normal, dependingon the locality, and many lakes were uncharacter- summer. Early post-breedingwarblers included single N. Paruias istically full even in late July. Temperatureswere a few degreesbelow (which breed nearby) at Virginia Beach July 4 (TRW) and Norfolk normal, with no periodsof truly hot weather. A tropical storm moved July 18 (RC), and a Chestnut-sidedin Fairfax, Va., July 26-27(PW). onshorenear MoreheadCity, North Carolinaon the nightof June 18- Very late springmigrants were a q?Magnolia June 6 and a singing 19 and acrossthe Outer Banks back to the ocean on the 19th. bringing Blackpoll June 18 (both Norfolk RC, MC), a Bay-breastedat Jug winds of 30-40 miles per hour. Bay, PatuxentR., Md., June 9 (JAG) and an Am. Redstartin Talbot Overall, arian breedingsuccess was fairly typical for the Region, County, Md., June7 (JGR). LouisianaWaterthrush is anotherstream although there was little input from coastal birders on the fate of speciesprobably adversely affected by the rains and floodsof May colonial nesting waterbirds (herons, egrets, gulls, terns). Fussell and June (BR). Common Yellowthroat seems to have sustaineda mentioned that the tropical storm had little negative effect on breed- significantdecline, according to the fragmentaryB.B.S. resultsavail- ing birds in the Morehead City area. This seasoWshighlights were a able (SHD, HTA, FRS, CZ). four-county survey of breedingbirds betweenAlbemarle and Pamlico sounds, North Carolina, by Lynch and Peacock, and several out- Summer stray Bobolinksincluded singlesat Irish Grove June 24 standingbreeding records for SouthCarolina. includinga first eastof (BD, ML, fide JLS) and Bellevue, Md., July 4 (HTA). Eastern the Mississippi valley. Meadowlark nests with three eggsJune 17 and four eggsJuly 3 (two eggs,two youngJuly 7) at Green Springs.Louisa Co.. extend the LOONS THROUGH FRIGATEBIRDS -- Notable Corn. Loons known nesting dates for the Virginia Piedmont (BM, fide JBB). inland in midsummer were at Jordan Res., e. Chatham Co., N.C., Elsewherethis speciesis variouslyregarded throughout the Regionto June23-July 1 (BW, MW) and on the ChattahoocheeR., n. of Atlanta, be significantlydown (BR. AJF, PW. HTA. FRS). normal(DLK, JK) Ga., July 9 (PM et al.). Even rarer inland was a Horned Grebe noted or doing well (CT, JM). Orchard Oriole continuesits long-term on a farm pond near Four Oaks, N.C., June 7 (TH). Pied-billed increaseas reflectedby B.B.S. (HTA, FRS, SHD). A c• Boat-tailed Grebesare very rare and sporadicbreeders in the Piedmont;thus, of Grackle, unusualthis far up the Bay, was at TilghmanI.. Talbot Co., interestwas the discoveryof 4 nestsat a marsh-pondcomplex in the Md., July l0 (DM, HLW, HTA). Extremely late wasa Rose-breasted lakebed of the Falls of the Neuse Res., e. Durham Co., N.C., July 5- Grosbeakin Talbot County June7 (JGR). Blue Grosbeakis a•other Aug. I (JMcC et al.). Although the first half of Juneis one of the best speciesundergoing a steady regionalincrease according to B.B.S. times to take a pelagictrip off our coastline.there were no reportsof results (SHD, CZ, HTA, FRS) and Indigo Bunting was in higher- such trips during that span or the entire summer. Nonetheless, in than-usual numbers this summer (CT, FRS, HTA) with 167 being coastal Carteret County, N.C., Fussell observeda migrating Greater countedon the Lynchburg,Va., June5 "CBC" (MPM et al.). Dickcis- Shearwater June 18and three dead Greaters there June 19;and Sooty sels were absent from their Frederick County, Md. haunts no doubt Shearwaterswere often seen along the county's Bogue Banks June due to the lack of fallow fields (DHW), a problem for other species 10-19with a peak of ten on June 16 (BH). The Brown Pelican nesting also (meadowlarks. Grasshopper Sparrows). Two record-late Pine colony in the lower Cape Fear R., N.C., was down in number of Siskinswere at Bryan's Rd., CharlesCo., Md., June5 (PN). An adult adultsby 20%, probablyowing to winter losses(JFP). A few Double- with youngSavannah Sparrows July 24 at Ottersdale,Md., furnished crested Cormorants were reported inland, with an excellent 40-55 the first Carroll County breeding record (RFR). Record Virginia presentmost of the summerat JordanRes. ( BW et al.). Non-breeding counts of GrasshopperSparrow were 100 + at Dulles Airport July 3 Anhingas were rare in the Piedmont near Raleigh, N.C., June 5 (WI) (CT, BC) and 61 on the June5 Lynchburg"CBC" (MPM et al.). Eight and near Cartersville, Ga., June 20 (GS). A pair was again noted Henslow's Sparrows were at both Elliott I.. June 10 (HLW) and during the summer near Fayetteville, N.C. (PJC). where breeding Dulles. Thirteen Sharp-tailed Sparrows (low) were at Deal I., June 26 might be taking place. The tropical storm of June 18-19was obviously (HTA) and a nest at Irish Grove May 30 had five eggs,two of them responsiblefor bringinga notablenumber of MagnificentFrigatebirds cowbird's (JLS, CRV). Aseasonal White-throated Sparrow singles to the coast. An ad. cTfrigatebird was seenat SullivansI., S.C., June were at HopewellJune 6 (FRS, JWD, BRz) andthe F.B.I. buildingin 20 (ZR,fide DF); in coastalCarteret County were a female at Radio I., Washington, D.C., July 23 (PN). Two Swamp Sparrows were at June20 (WI), and ad. malesat Cape LookoutJune 20 or 21 (SS), SandyPoint S.P., Md., July 2 indicatingprobable breeding (HLW) BogueSound June 21 (JF), and BeaufortInlet June28-29 (LC). and the first Carroll County, Md. breedingrecords were of several birds at Big Pipe Cr., June 20-July 3 and Winfield June 27-Aug. 1 (RFR. EB).

OBSERVERS -- D.F. Abbott, J.M. Abbott, Bill Akers, R.L. Anderson,J.B. Bazuin, Ruth Beck, Warren Bielenberg,Eirik Blom, Herman Born, Larry Bonham, Dan Boone, William Bousman (WBo), J.H. Buckalew,M.A. Byrd, Max Carpenter(MCp), Michelle Chandler, Ray Chandler, Bill Clark, Lester Coble, David Czapiak. J.W. Dillard, Barbara Dowell, S.H. Dyke, J.K. Effinger, J.W. Eike, Kathleen Finnegan, A.J. Fletcher, Hans Gabler, Roy Geiger, J.A. Gregoire, Michael Harrison, G.J. Hennessey, H.C. Irving, D.L. Kirkwood,Jean Kirkwood, M.K. Klimls.iewicz,Paul Leifer, Manuel Lendau, Belle McQuail, Debbie Mignogno,Dorothy & Mike Mitch- ell, M.P. Moore, Jack Mozingo, Ron Naveen, Paul Nistico, Darryl Nottingham, Harold Olson, Jim Orgain, Darrell Peterson,Bill Port- lock, J.G. Reese, George Reiger, R.F. Ringler, Betsy Roszell (BRz), Bob Russell, F.R. Scott, W.J.L. Sladen, W.K. Slate, Alistair Smith, J.L. Stasz, Nick Stavros, Byron Swift, R.J. Tripician, Barry Truitt, Craig Tufts, C.R. Vaughn, D.H. Wallace, J.S. Weske, H.L. Wierenga,C.P. Wilds, Bill Williams, E.M. Wilson, J.C. Wilson, T.R. Wolfe, Paul Woodward, Frank Zelenka, Charles Ziegenfus.-- HENRY T. ARMISTEAD, 28 E. SpringfieldAve., Philadelphia,PA 19118.

Volume 36, Number 6 965 WADERS -- Extremely rare inland was a white morph Great Blue SandpipersJune 19 & 24 P•pingPlovers have been seenthe pastfew Heron at Augusta, Ga, June 14-July 31 + (CB, AW), it had a yellow summersat SunsetBeach, N.C., s. of the establishedbreeding range, tag (#49) on its left wing. Unusuallylarge numbersof Great Egrets one there July 18 (PJC, JC) was perhapsa nestingbird. At Pea I., July dispersedto inland lakes and pondsthis summer,especially in the 30 were an early Am. Golden Plover and four Wilson's Phalaropes Atlanta (fide TM) and JordanRes. (BW et al.) areas,with 170July 28 (AB), and on July 31 were 250 Stilt Sandpipers and a Eurasian at the latter site. A large heronry at Midville, Ga., contained4000 Whimbrel(JF, LC). This is the secondreport of the Eurasianrace for Cattle Egrets, 500 White Ibises, 25 Anhingas, and 8-10 Little Blue North Carolina, the first (Aug. 20-21, 1976) being erroneouslyre- Herons May 29 (VW, AW et al.). Another heronry 20 mi to the s. of ported in thisjournal (AB 31:164)as a Slender-billedCurlew (fide JF) the above one had 800+ Cattle Egrets, 20 + Little Blue Herons, and Inland shorebirdingsuffered from high water levels at reservoirs, one nest of Great Egrets May 29 (VW, AW et al.). Rare for the although a few notable finds were made. Late at Pendergrass,Ga, Augustaarea (and most inland sites)was a nest of Yellow-crowned were singleSemipalmated and White-rumpedsandpipers June 7 (JP) Night Herons Apr. 17-June5, with three youngfledged (AW, VW). There was a fairly early inland influx of the uncommonStilt Sand- Notable inland nowadayswas the discovery of a Least Bittern nest at piper; singleswere near Duluth, Ga., July 11 (PB), nearby Forsyth the Falls of the Neuse Res., near Durham, N.C., July 5 (JMcC, BW, County July 23 (JP), andnear Durham July 18(BW, MW). A Ruff near MW); four plusyoung fledged later in the month.Presumably an early Dublin, Ga., July 30 (TKP, JS)was surprisinglythe secondrecord for migrant was an Am. Bittern at Fayetteville, N.C., July 21 (PJC); that town, but the species is, nevertheless, of casual occurrence whereas one heard and another seen May 13 at the Goose Cr. inland. impoundmentsalong the Pamlico-Beaufort co. line, N.C., werelikely late migrants (ML, LP), although breeding cannot be ruled out. For JAEGERS THROUGH TERNS -- The onlyjaegers sighted were the second consecutiveyear, Wood Storks have nested along the three Parasitics at Atlantic Beach, N.C., June 13 (JF, WI). Gulls are lower Edisto R., Colleton Co., S.C. (TMu, fide JEC). Murphy seldomseen inland in Juneor July; thus, unusualwere a Ring-billed observed 12 _+ nests in 1981 and 22 nests this summer. This is the first Gull July 1-28 at Jordan Res. (AB, BW, MW) and a Laughing Gull at unequivocalbreeding for the state,albeit storkshave beenbelieved to SweetwaterCreek S.P., near Atlanta June8 (D & PM). I receivedno nest on several occasions in the lower Coastal Plain n. to Francis information concerningthe outcome of gull and tern coloniesalong Marion N.F. SingleGlossy Ibises were rare near FayettevilleJuly 15 the coast. Several Least Terns were seen at a spoil area in Beaufort (PJC) and at Beaverdam Res., n. of Raleigh July 23 (JM). Roseate County, N.C., June 28 (ML, LP), a site where the specieswas Spoonbillshave become regular, if very uncommon,summer visitors reported breeding a few years ago and probably is still doing so in the pastfew yearsin coastalGeorgia; this summertwo were noted Inland tern sightings, as with gulls, are notable in summer-- on the JekyllI. causewayJune 19 (DB, PB) andone at St. Marys June Commonswere at Fayetteville June29 (PJC) and near Hartwell, Ga, 22-23 (SP et al.). July 3 (DC), Caspianswere at Fayetteville June 22 (PJC) and Jordan Res., July 17 (DK, BW), and three Blacks were near RaleighJuly 31 WATERFOWL -- A 0 Pintail was early in n.e. PamlicoCounty, (JM). N C., July 30 (PJC). Apparentlythe first Regionalnesting of Blue- winged Teal away from the tidewater zone was detected at Bea- GOATSUCKERS, WOODPECKERS -- Chuck-will's-widows verdam Res., N.C.--a female with sevenyoung June 12 (DiB, fide are scarce in the n. Piedmont of North Carolina; of interest were two RJH). A non-breedingpair of Ring-neckedDucks remained on an heard near Butner July 2 (JMcC et al.). A Whip-poor-will was again Atlanta lake all summer(TM), and belatedlyreported were two q?and heard at Hollonville, Pike Co., Ga., June 6 (LG, HG), a Piedmont one imm. • Com. Eiders at Cape Hatteras, N.C., Apr. 10 (SO, BA). town near the s. end of the breedingrange. However, Whips extend A few Black Scoters typically linger into the summer along the far into the CoastalPlain of North Carolina in summer.Seemingly at coastline. Among the numerouscoastal sightingsthis seasonwere the limits of the range there were three in Dare County 8 mi s of excellent totals of 15 at Pine Knoll Shores,N.C., June6-10 (LC) and Manns Harbor June 10(ML, LP), four in c. PamlicoCounty May 13& 17 at CumberlandI., Ga., June 22-23 (SP et al.). Female Hooded June28 (ML, LP), andone in Carteret County June6, 2 min. of North Mergansers along the North Carolina coast June 6 at Cedar Island R. community (JF). Lynch and Peacock found a few Red-headed N W.R.. (LC, JF) and July 16 in s. BrunswickCounty (MEW, TP) Woodpeckers---aspecies doing poorly over most of the Region--in were probably non-breeders. eachof the 4 counties(Dare, Hyde, Pamlico,and Washington)in their study area this summer,but a major highlightof their work was the KITES THROUGH COOTS -- Although Swallow-tailed Kites finding of several active nest cavities of the Red-cockadedWood- breed regularly in Francis Marion N.F., most recent monitored pecker. Perhapsbecause the highly-favoredlongleaf pine is rare in nestingshave failed (fide JEC). This springCely found 2 nests, and these counties, Red-cockadedsare also; and nesting sites (2 in both were successful,producing three young. He and other workers Pamlico and one each in Hyde and Dare) were surprisinglyin pond in the Southeast have evidence that Great Horned Owls prey on pines, trees that commonlygrow in densepocosin habitats mostly adults while perched (such as on nests), and he speculatesthat the unsuitablefor the species. owls mightbe a limitingfactor in the smallnumbers of kites in most southernstates. An imm. Golden Eaglewas flushedfrom a large field FLYCATCHERS, LARKS -- Four species of kingbirds were on the unusuallylate date of May 27 near Mayesville, S.C. (ED). A reported this summer--a record for the Region at any season In Bald Eaglehacking project has (or will be) begunat L. Mattamuskeet, additionto the widespreadE. Kingbird, severalGray Kingbirdswere N C., the last site in the state where eagles nested regularly. A observed at Jekyll I., Ga., June 22-23 (SP party), probably indicative handful of sightingswas reported from that state, but again none of breedingthere. An almostcertain stragglerwas a Gray at Topsail involved nestingbirds. As usual, Marsh Hawks were seenat Cedar I., N.C., June7 (GW). An excellentfind for the summerwas a far-out- Island Ref. in June (JF et al.); but several femalesor immatureswere of-rangeWestern Kingbird 10 mi s.e. of Sandersville,Ga., June28 noted in June and July at 2 places in WashingtonCounty, N.C. (ML, (FM, AWy). The rarestkingbird was observedat Bodie I., N.C., June LP), where breedingis unknown.A few Am. Kestrelswere observed 2 (WDE). It was identified as a Tropical, but the observer had no over the Region, as expected, with breeding at Ft. Bragg, N.C. experiencewith yellow-belliedTyrannus flycatchers and the detailed (JHC), and five "Atlanta falcons" at the Atlanta-Fulton County descriptionis equivocal. Some of the details suggesta Cassin's, Stadium(fide TM)! The marshat Fallsof the NeuseRes. hadprobable neither Cassin'snor Tropical has been previouslyreported from the breedingKing Rails: two were seenand heardall summer(JMcC, DK Region. et al.), a goodfind for the Piedmont.A callingBlack Rail was notedat Pea I., July 30 (AB), perhaps a new (but certainly not unexpected) summer locale for the species.The best of the Am. Coot reports, all Absolutely unprecedentedwas the successfulbreeding of apparently representing non-breeders, was of three all summer at Scissor-tailedFlycatchers in the Region, the first suchevent e PeachtreeCity L., in Atlanta (PB). of Mississippi.The adultswere found at Young's Community in n. Laurens Co., S.C. (MR), and they nested in a grove of hardwoodssurrounded by plenty of grassy fields and crop- SHOREBIRDS -- Fussell et al. had a number of notable shore- lands. One youngwas fledged,and the three birds were seen birds in a spoilpond at Ft. Macon S.P., N.C., followingthe tropical by many observersinto early August (JEC et al.); the empty storm: four to seven Am. Avocets June 19-July 24, a Wilson's nest was collected(RM, S.C.S.M.). PhalaropeJune 19, a N. PhalaropeJune 19-21, and two White-rumped

966 American Birds, November 1982 Two W•llow Flycatchers were noted carrying food •n June at BOBOLINKS THROUGH SPARROWS -- The latest ever Winston-Salem, N C (RS), a c•ty where breeding has been taking Bobohnks•n spnngfor Atlantawere two femalesJune 5 (PM, TM) place for severalyears. A major populationof Horned Larks has been Alongthe s.e. edgeof the ScarletTanager's slowly expanding breed- uncoveredin the North CarolinaSandhills at Ft. Bragg,near the edge ing range were males near Arapahoe, N.C., July 13 (ML, LP), Ft of the nesting range. P.J. Crutchfield et al. noted 30_+ , including Jacksonnear Columbia, S.C., July 13 (JEC), and near Palmetto,Ga, adults feeding young, in Hoke County June 21, and approximately July 1 (three birds--D & PM). A singingad. c3Painted Bunting at half that number (includingjuveniles) in adjacent Cumberland Fayetteville mostof July (PJC) was unusualaway from the coastin County on the same date. North Carolina. The only summerreport of Dickcisselscame from Anderson County, S.C.: three territorial males and a female at one SWALLOWS THROUGH VIREOS -- Early Tree Swallowswere sitenear Townville June5 andanother singing male one mile away on one at Jordan Res., July 1 (AB) and 1000+ in the L. Phelps area, two datesin June(HL et al.). HouseFinches are apparentlybreeding N C, July 10 (ML, LP). Bank Swallowsnest provably in the Region to (or just beyond)the Fall Line, as nestingor suspectednesting was only along the Roaring R., N.C., but this seasontwo possible sites reportedfrom Fayetteville (HR), Columbia(JE), and Columbus,Ga were reported. At Cedar I., two were noted June6 and one June20 (MS, JMi, fide SP). Irvin had a very late Pine Siskin at his Raleigh (JF, LC, RH); Barn and Rough-winged swallows nested in holes in feederJune 5, and evenmore bizarre was onethat lingereduntil June old ships there and the Banks might have been breeding in the holes 20 at a feeder near SouthernPines, N.C. (LW). On June 19, the latter also Lynch watchedfive Banks, apparentlynot migrating,at a bridge siskinappeared with "two apparentjuveniles", but no corroboration over the Hyco Res., n. PersonCo., N.C., June27; exposedbanks are of these"juveniles" was madeby other birders.Siskins are not known presentalong the shoreof the lake. Cliff Swallowscontinue to expand to breed in the Region. An extremely rare visitor was a c3 Lark their breedingrange in North Carolina, with 2 sitesdiscovered under Buntingfound by Parkswhile jogging in PiedmontP., in Atlanta July bridges at Hyco Res., in June and July (KM, ML) and one site at a 23! Three GrasshopperSparrows, very rare breedersin the Sandhills, bridge at JordanRes., July 1 (AB). No true range expansionby the were noted Aug. 3 in the Hoke County portion of Ft. Bragg (PJC, Fish Crow farther into the Piedmontwas reported, but small popula- MEW). Disappointingly,I receivedno word on whetherLark Spar- tions at the edge of the range in Durham (JMcC) and Clemson, S.C. rows returnedto n. RichmondCounty, N.C., followingthe surprising (HL) seem to be increasingslowly. Breeding House Wrens in the breedingof several pairs in 1981. Although they are quite scarce•n Region are generally restricted to residential areas; thus, out of cities suchas Durham and Chapel Hill in summer,Song Sparrows habitatand somewhate. of the usualrange were singlesinging birds in were considered"fairly common"in Roxboro,N.C., in Juneand July pond pine pocosinsin n.w. PamlicoCounty May 14 (ML, LP) and 6 (KM), only 30 min. of Durham. mi n of Stumpy Pt., Dare Co., June 10 (ML, LP). A singingHouse Wren was noted again in Fayetteville, this summer (HR, PJC), OBSERVERS -- Barbara Amatruda, Clarence Belger, Dick althoughno evidenceof breedingwas seen;and one was singingJuly Brame (DiB), Donna Brisse, Patrick Brisse,Allen Bryan, J.H. Carter 17 at Newberry, S.C. (HL), s. of the poorly definedlimit of nestingin III, J.E. Cely, Dan Cohan, Larry Crawford, JamesCrutchfield, P.J that state. Crutchfield, Evelyn Dabbs, Jere Eggleston,W.D. Ellis, Dennis For- sythe, John Fussell, Hugh Garrett, Liz Garrett, R.J. Hader, Tom Haggerty,Bruce Hallett, RobertHolmes, Wayne Irvin, Dan Kaplan, SoAo Travis Knowles, Harry LeGrand, Merrill Lynch, Rudy Mancke, The LoggerheadShrike situationis bleaker than ever, with Karen Masson, Frank McCamey, Dennie & Pam McClure, Jim no goodnews to report, particularlyin North Carolina. Sew McConnell (JMcC), JamesMiller (JMi), PeggyMoore, Terry Moore, eral observers,including myself, believethe long-termdecline Jim Mulholland,Tom Murphy (TMu), SuzanneOppenheimer, John •s a resultof a slowbuildup of pesticidesin the birds,possibly Paget, Dick Parks, J.F. Parnell, Sam Pate, T.K. Patterson, Lance causingeggshell thinning. It shouldbe pointedout that shrikes Peacock,Tim Playforth,Zach Ralston,Henry Rankin, Mary Riddle, are most frequent about croplandsand other fields where Georgann Schmalz, John Sharpe, Marguerite Sherrill, Ramona sprayingpresumably occurs. Another predatory speciesof Snavely, South Carolina State Museum, Steve Spickerman, Bill s•milar habitat, the Am. Kestrel, declined drastically as a Wagner, Margaret Wagner, Anne Waters, Vernon Waters, Libba breederin the Regionearlier in the century--a probableresult Watson, Gall Whitehurst, M.E. Whitfield, Ann Wyand (AWy). -- of pesticides--and is now quite rare, with pairs beginningto HARRY E. LeGRAND, JR., 331 Yadkin Dr., Raleigh, N.C. 27609. •nhabit such unusual places as businessdistricts, baseball stadiums, and prisons.

SingingSolitary Vireos in c. North Carolina were detected in n. Person County June 27 (ML) and w. Ft. Bragg, Hoke Co., June 16 (JHC). FLORIDA REGION WARBLERS --The Lynch-Peacock survey turned up Swainson's /Richard T. Paul Warblers in all 4 counties--"widespread but uncommon"--but they found Worm-eating Warblers in good numbers. They had three singingWorm-eatings in PamlicoCounty May 14, and a remarkable Drought conditionsdominated the Florida peninsulain summer 45 b•rds in Dare, Hyde, and Washington cos. during the summer. 1981. This year heavy rains--up to 200% of normal in someareas-- Nesting was also reported at the edge of the range in s.w. Harris raised water levels throughout the Region. Levels in Lake County, Ga. (fide SP); and presumed early migrants were near Okeechobee rose to 14.84 feet above mean summer level by July 21, Atlanta July 11 (three birds--TM et al.) andnear RaleighJuly 14(JM). five feet higher than last year's all-time low and an increase of over Blue-wingedWarblers formerly bred in the Atlanta area, so one seen four feet in just two months. near Duluth June26 (PB) giveshope that nestingmight still be taking Owing to the high waters, inland observersnoted a paucity of place there. Lynch and Peacockfound Black-throatedGreen War- shorebirds. On the other hand, the National Audubon Society blers downright common in some areas on their survey, particularly heronry survey in west-centraland southFlorida revealed a marked in white cedar swampsin s. Dare and n. Hyde cos. They tallied 101+ increase in July nesting. Detailed analysisawaits publication else- singingmales during the nestingseason. Along the base of the Blue where, but half of 218 colony siteschecked were active. Thirty-eight Ridge, at the w. edge of the Piedmont, two territorial c3Cerulean more colonies were active in 1982 than 1981, an increase of 55%. All Warblers and several Swainson's Warblers were found in June and were inland sites, reflectingthe responseof heronsto wetter condi- July at Bat Cave Preserve, w. Rutherford Co., N.C. (TK). Kentucky tions in the freshwater wetlands of the state (BWP). Warblers and Am. Redstarts breed in rich deciduous bottomlands, An unnamedstorm packinghurricane force winds and heavy rains habitats that are fairy numerousin extreme e. North Carolina, but unexpectedlystruck the Gulf Coast June 18, battering shorelines Lynch and Peacock noted Kentuckies only at 3 sites in Pamlico from Naples to Tarpon Springsand floodinglowlying areas with 5- County and the redstart only in Gull Rock Gameland, s. Hyde Co., foot tides. Damage to coastalbird coloniesvaried. At PassageKey, June 17. Surprisingwas a singingfirst-year c3Am. Redstart June 12 in where 20,000pairs of LaughingGulls, 1000pairs of Royal Terns and the Moores' yard in Atlanta, a city where the speciesis a rare breeder. 250 pairsof Black Skimmerswere nesting,just 1000young gulls and

Volume 36, Number 6 967 CENTRALSOUTHERN Immature Masked Boobies were reported at Siesta Key June 27 J-REGION-, k, (emaciated, died June 28•HK) and off Boynton Inlet July 28 (PS, j•--..... •-___..• t.TALLAHASSE E • A•ANTIC HL, TT). Six Brown Boobies at the Tortugas June 29-July 8 was a • . T [..l_ DIVISIONi,•[ ' ' OCEAN high number (OB). ß :=-• .-',• LiveOak HERONS THROUGH FLAMINGOS -- Two white form Great Blue Herons were reported near Tampa June 3 (RP), while another • • I NAt':L • NORTHERN was found 11 mi s.w. of Lake Placid July 14 & 23 (GW, KM). Reddish Sl. George Is.• uog JW•LD[t•E•i • • •Oaylono Beach Egrets nestedagain at Vero Beach (two pairs---HK), Tampa Bay (3 sites---RP) and probably Haulover, in Merritt Island N.W.R., where fourbirds were seen in thecolony June 15 (HS, RS). Two youngof the Paint ' ::'1 co;oo•'. :' year standingin the shallowsat PelicanI., June9 & 23 (JAR), and two immaturesplus sevenadults at Ding Darling N.W.R., May 26 (HW) •t. Petersburg. •*• .• •uu I •cK• •Fo• Pierce suggestedbreeding at those sites. Northernmostreports of Reddish AnnaMaf•a•% _ , , ß • e• h Egretsthis seasonwere from St. Marks LighthouseJune 13 (one, RC) Sa=rasot• 5e•rin• •'•L.O•eec obee and Matanzas Inlet July 24 (three immature, SN). The rains came too late to help nestingWood Storks. Thirty-seven hundredpairs nested in 23 colonies,producing about 2200young. Only 700+ pairsnested in the key s. Florida colonies (BWP). A conservative count of 1000 GlossyIbises at Duda Farms near Belle Glade (hereafter, Duda) July 24 was very high (PS, HL et ai.). Roseate Spoonbillsnesting at the Alafia colonyin TampaBay fledgedat least31 young(RP); thisis still . . . DryTortugas Key • •,• Flamingo the state'sonly known nestingsite n. of E.N.P. Six spoonbillsinland I R J' • west•'•Upper Keys at L. Hancock (PT, LC) were consideredexceptional by CG. Three J FLOIDA J BigpineK;y/&. Am. Flamingosincluding two irmxsaturesat Duda July 10, and five a week later, were consideredescapes (PS, HL, BH et ai.).

WATERFOWL -- SeventeenFulvous Whistling Ducks were at 100 young terns survived the storm (BZ). By contrast4000 pairs of ZellwoodJuly 23 (DF, BP), wherethey are now consideredannual LaughingGulls and 125pairs of RoyalTerns nesting on higherground visitors. Two 9 Mallards, both in the company of Mottled Ducks, at Alafia Bank sufferedfar lighter losses(RP). Brown Pelicansand werereported. One was at DudaJuly 10 (PS, HL et ai.) andthe other heronsnesting at the ABC Islandsnear Marco Island lost about 30% wasat ZellwoodJuly 23 (DF, BP). A c3Mallard was also seen at Duda and 20%, respectively,of their nests(TB), while at Cortez Island in July31 (PS).A highcount of 690Mottled Ducks at Dudawas made SarasotaBay abouthalf the remainingpelican nests were blowndown July24 (PS,HL et ai.) A c3Green-winged Teal was considered late at (RP). But even at these sites most heronsand pelicanshad already L. Jackson,Tally Div., June 15 (GM), while five Blue-wingedTeal completednesting efforts and overall storm-relatedlosses were not were found at Duda July 10 (PS, BH, HL et ai.). Lesser Scaupwere consideredsevere. In the Orlando area, Kale reported lossesof reported from McKay Bay July 3 (16•PF) and the Leon County Mockingbird, Blue Jay and Mourning Dove nests,as well as several sewageplant July 28 (one, GM). Eight Ruddy Ducks were at Clear woodpeckerand Wood Duck trees. SpringsMine June$ (PF), sevenwere at McKay Bay July 3 (PF), and Seabirdsblown inlandJune 18by the stormincluded Magnificent one drake was in full breedingplum-age at Duda July 31 (PS, BH, HL Frigatebirdsat Archer (1), Dundee (6), Myakka River State Park (1) et ai.). One Red-breastedMerganser was late at L. JacksonJune 15 and four sitesin HighlandsCounty (30 +) (m.ob.). A Brown Noddy at (GM) but a few summerannually along the coasts. to the Keys. the Naples Pier a day later was weak and considereda storm waif (TB), while 15 Black Skimmersat Lake Annie, HighlandsCounty on the 18th surely were (JL). Frequently cited locations are abbreviated as follows: E.N.P. RAPTORS -- Interesting reports of Swallow-tailed Kites came (Everglades National Park), S.G.I. (St. George Island), T.T. (Tall from both ends of the state: one was seen June 11 in s. Jacksonville Timbers Research Station), Tally Div. (Tallahassee Division), * where they are rare (PP), four seenJune 20 constituteda Leon County (specimen). high count (GM), and a nest near the Nat'l Audubon Soc. Research Dept. office on Plantation Key was thought to be the southernmost LOONS THROUGH BOOBIES -- SummeringCom. Loons were documentednest in the state(SS, KS). In 1979this columnreported again found in the Gulf of Mexico, with one each at EastpointJune 2 the MississippiKite to be increasingin the Gainesvillearea. The trend (HS), Steinhatchee June 18 (JC) and S.G.I., June 22 & 25 (GM). continues, with increasingnumbers seen in the last 3 years (SN). Another, Gavia sp., was also at S.G.I., on the same dates (GM). Pelagics off the e. coast were less common than last year. Eight Cory's Shearwaterswere seenoff Boynton Inlet July 11 (HL, PS et ai.), one was off Ft. Lauderdale June 11 (TH), and another was e. of It is now possibleto assessthe damageof last year's drought Key Biscayne July 20 (WH). One Sooty Shearwater was seen from on Everglade Kite numbers.The annual winter survey com- Ponte VexIraBeach June7 (PP). On July 11, a Harcourt's Storm-Petrel bined with subsequentobservations suggests a population of believedto representthe fifth staterecord was studiedat leisureat 15- about 22:5 birds (JAR). About 2:5 young were reared this 50 ft some 15 mi e. of Boynton Inlet (PS, HL, TT et ai.). Thirteen season,all from nestsin Lakes Kissimmeeand Tohopekaliga. Wilson's Storm-Petrelswere found in 8 weekly trips off Palm Beach As one indicator of food supply. apple snail eggswere very County, fewer than normal (HL). Another was e. of Ft. Lauderdale scarcein the traditionals. Florida nestingareas but commonin June 11 (TH). the lakes where nesting did occur (S. Beissinger).With the White Pelicanssummer annually in Florida, especiallyin Florida easingof the droughtthis summer,perhaps the next breeding Bay, Tampa Bay and the n. Indian R. In recent years sightingshave seasonwill bring better news. increasedin the Lakes District andin phosphatemining areas of Polk County, but 140seen July 10at BananaL., were consideredunprece- dentedby PF. One at CaxambasPass June 6 & July 19, and two June Two Cooper's Hawks were reported, a male near Venus May 17 20, were very unusualas well (TB, SM). At L. Harney DF reported (GW, WH) and an immature at Archbold June 6 (JL). Despite these none this year after finding up to 75 in 1981. The statewideBrown and previous Highlands County records, there is still no county Pelicansurvey flown in Januaryand April revealed8500 breeding nesting record (FL). Also of interest was the Accipiter sp. seen pairs (SN), good news that contrastedwith local nestingproblems carryingprey at the Lykes Bros. campgroundon FisheatingCr., June noted in the Spring Report. Two imrnatures were inland at Lake 4 OR). A Broad-wingedHawk summeredat Stock 1., but may have Placid June 5 (AR), an area where they are thought uncommon but been an escape(JVL, FH). The statewideBald Eagle nestingsurvey probably regular by FL. found 340 active pairs, slightly below last year's 359. Two hundred

968 American Birds, November 1982 forty were successful,and produced356 young(SN) While these 40 yards, the bird was large, chunky and blackish brown with some numberssuggest a healthypopulation, populations In urbamzing white flecksin the mantle. The headand neck were tawny. In flight areasshould still be consideredat risk.As oneexample, the popula- the largewhite patchesat the baseof the primarieswere conspicuous tion In the 4-countyTampa Bay area(Pasco, Pinelias, Hillsborough, While the descriptionsuggested a S. Polar Skua, the recordawaits Manatee)has declinedfrom 24 to 13 pairs in just 6 years (RP). further review by the Florida OrnithologicalSociety Bird Records Ospreyswere reporteddoing well in Leon County,where threenew Committee. nestsdoubled the known nestingpopulation (GM), and L. Hancock, Three ad. Great Black-backed Gulls seen July 31 at Wards Bank where 43 birds seenJuly 4 was a high count(PT, LC). were unusuallyearly. Another, a subadult,was seenrepeatedly in June at Riviera Beach (JP, ph., HL). Inland Laughing Gulls were SoAo noteworthy at 3 locations:L. Weir (two seenJune 16 by HS; second An astounding8 reports of Am. Kestrels provide the first Marion Countyrecord), Tallahassee (a highof 22 at the sewageplant informationavailable for the residentsubspecies paulus in July 12--GM), and Duda Farms where Sykes found 131 July 10 and sometime. They are relatedhere in full. Mark Hoffman of the 300 2 weeks later. Incidentally, a report surfaced of "Laughers" Univ. of Florida considerskestrels "locally common"in suit- nestingon the BuschBrewery roof in Tampa in 1981,where young ablehabitat in Alachua,Putnam, Clay, Marion and Levy cos. were said to have been seen. Attempts to verify this in 1982 failed Highestdensities of about6 pairs/sq. mi occurat Gold Head when a July checkrevealed ongoing roof repairsinstead (D. Coker) Branch S.P. and the new Ordway Preservein Putnam Co. Gull-billedTern countsat Duda peakedat 36 on July 17 (PS). They Wherefavored pineland habitats have given way to farmlands, also nested, but all 12 nests failed when the field was drained. Two as at Chiefland,kestrels are greatly diminished.Longleaf ArcticTerns were found. One, a sickadult, was pickedup June 10 in pine/turkey oak sandhillsof n. Florida are the preferred s.w. Miami but died June 13 (*U. of Miami, MC). The other was seen habitat,but pastureswith somestanding pine are also used--at June 11, 20 mi e. of Miami. A leisurely studyat 15-20ft revealed the leastwhile the pinesremain. Sandpine clearcutsin Ocala N.F. followingdetails: solid red bill, gray throatand body that contrasted are also used if snagsare left standing.Old PileatedWood- with the white cheek (TT). RoseateTerns nestedin 2 locationsin the pecker holes are favored nest sites•Kestrels shouldbe looked Lower Keys. At MissouriKey 2 pairswere foundwith a colonyof 50 for where suitable habitat remains along the c. ridge s. to pairsof LeastsJune 1 (C. & C. Roberts),while in Key Westat least80 HighlandsCounty (M. Hoffman). In Leon County, kestrels adults[revised downward from SpringSeason Report--Ed.] nested raisedtwo youngat a sitelast active in 1979(GM, GH). At the with Least Terns on top of the Truman Annex (KW). Weekly counts Duval County Audubonkestrel trail in Clay County, 10 oc- of youngpeaked at 31, which probablyunderestimates true produc- cupied nest boxes producedat least 11 young (RL). In tion sincejust half the roof couldbe seen.With the reactivationof the s HillsboroughCounty, 12 birds representing 2 or 3 pairsplus Key West Navy basethe future of roofnestingat the Truman Annex is fledglingswere foundthroughout June (RP). BetweenMay 16 in doubt. Sooty Terns were widespread,with a high count of 25 + and June 20, repeatedobservations by DS e. of Ft. Myers seene. of Port CanaveralJune 11 (TH). Four July reportstotalled 16 verifieda pair with onejuvenile in a pasturewith scatteredlive scatteredSooties from Ft. DeSoto, Flamingo, the Florida Straitsand slashpines plus a few old stubs.Other kestrelswere foundat the East Coast n. to Boynton Inlet (m.ob.). Least Tern reports Oxfordand Wildwood (one each June 17--HS), Lakeland(one featured an interesting inland nesting record at L. Jackson, Tally May 30•PF & PT) andnear Myakka River S.P. (two June6-- Div., where 70 adults, severalfledged young and 6 nestswere found D & GM). July 2 (one fledgling*T.T., HS). However, reports of nestingnum- bersaround the statewere contradictory.The usualroof-top colonies in Vero Beach and Ft. Pierce did not appear this year (HK). The colonyat the Occidentalphosphate mine in HamiltonCounty, active CRANES THROUGH SHOREBIRDS -- Heavy rains in the last few years, was not active (DM, RR). Numbers were con- n Florida duringincubation caused widespread Sandhill Crane nest- sidered down in Key West (FH) and Orlando (HK). On the other lng failure, while cranesnesting in other parts of the state did quite hand,numbers seemed normal in theMarco I. area,although nesting well (SN). The Corn. Gallinule--enjoy the name while you can-- was disturbedby peopleand the June 18 storm(TB), Sarasota(S & nestedagain on Stock I., where a juvenile was found June 28 (FH). AS) and the Tampa Bay area (RP). Fifty pairsnested at the Flamingo With improvedsurvey of Am. Oystercatchersin HillsboroughBay, I campground,E.N.P. (OB). About 75juv. Leastswere at Wards Bank found 100 + birds including about 35 nesting pairs. Most pairs still July 31 (JW), and a roof-nestingcolony was found at the K-Mart in had unfledgedyoung until the June 18 storm. s. Jacksonville (PP), successunknown. Generalization from these A Semipalmated Plover at L. Jackson July 13 provided Leon reports is difficult (not to mention unwise), but they should serve to County'searliest fall record(GM). Twenty-fourWilson's Plovers at remindus to pay continuedattention to the fortunesof this species Casey Key July 6 were considereda signof successfulnesting (S & SandwichTerns nestedat 2 coloniesin Tampa Bay--PassageKey AS) An Am. Woodcock overhead at dusk at L. Sampson, Bradford (one + pairs--SP & LH) and Alafia Bank (eight pairs--RP)•and Co , July 6 furnishedone of the few summerrecords in Florida (HS). Caspianswere againreported at Alafia (13 pairs--RP). Two Brown Long-billedCurlews were foundat CaxambasPass (one July 19•TB) (?) Noddieswere seenin the FloridaStraights s.c. of Islamorada,and and Wards Bank (two July 31, one present since 1977--JW). A about ten Bridled Terns were seen along the roof edge from Mel- summeringWhimbrel seen 4 times June 6-July 19 was considered bourneto Miami July 19-20(WH). About 600pairs of Black Skimmers exceptional at CaxambasPass (TB). An extremely late Spotted nestedin the Tampa Bay area, wheremost failed because of the June Sandpiperin full breedingplumage was found on the L-67A dike in 18storm. At WardsBank, where 145 pairs Of skimmers fared some- the EvergladesJune 26 (PS, BH). At Duda July 24 a large movement what better, J. Wilson banded47 young. of shorebirdswas noted by PS, HL et al. Among the 46,000 birds counted were 2070 Greater Yellowlegs, 17,700 Lesser Yellowlegs, 3000Semipalmated and 4500 W. sandpipers,9400 Least, 50 Pectoral, PIGEONS THROUGH WARBLERS -- White-crownedPigeons and 208 Stilt sandpipers,four Wilson'sPhalaropes, five Am. Avocets were reportedfeeding in goodnumbers on the E.N.P. mainland(OB). and 1070 Black-necked Stilts. In the Tally Div., inland shorebirds Ringed Turtle Doves and Black-headedParakeets (now up to 6-12 were rare this seasonexcept for Killdeer. Records of interest in- birds) did well in the Redlandsarea of Homestead(OB). The only cluded a Greater Yellowlegs at the Leon County sewageplant June Mangrove Cuckoo reported this season was near the Key West 22, for the first June record (GM), 20 late Semipalmated Sandpipers airportJune 12 (FH, JVL), while a Yellow-billed,apparently migrat- June 15 at L. Jackson,and earliest-everfall arrivals Least Sandpiper ing, was eastbound June 2 at S.G.I. (HS). Up to seven Chimney (two July 6), W. Sandpiper(one July 6) and two Stilt SandpipersJuly Swifts were at Lake Worth throughoutthe period, somewhats. of 13 (*T.T.; GM, HS). Two Am. Avocetsat L. JacksonJune 15 and two normal range (GSH), and a Ruby-throatedHummingbird at Casey Black-neckedStilts there July 7 were first summerrecords for Leon Key June7 was unusual(S & AS). A Red-headedWoodpecker was County. While a few Marbled Godwits may summerin Florida, 10-41 seenJuly 26. w. of W. Palm Beach, where they have becomerare as seen throughout the period at Caxambas Pass was a high number suitablehabitat has disappeared(GSH). Three previouslyunknown (TB) clans of Red-cockadedWoodpeckers were discoveredin Alachua, Melrose and Putnamcos. (RR & BC). Eastern Kingbirdsapparently SKUAS THROUGH SKIMMERS -- The season'sprize bird was nestedin downtown Ft. Myers, where repeatedchecks revealed two a skuasp. found 15mi e. of Port EvergladesJune 11 (TH, BR). Seenat adultsand, on July 14, a third bird believedto be an immature(L &

Volume 36, Number 6 969 BA) This is near the s hm•t of their breedingrange wrong turn A Chipping Sparrow at Nine-Mile Pond•n E N P, June 1 Barn Swallows remain uncommon breeders mn. Florida, but 2 was late (HA), and a lingering White-throated Sparrow sang •n nestsfound along 1-10near Greensborowere the first for Gadsden Tallahasseeas late as July 18 (HS). County(WB). Anothernest was found for the secondstraight year at EastpointJune 2 (HS). Threeother June records in n. Floridasuggest additionalbreeding in the Tally Div. and Clay County(GM, MJW), while3 exceptionallyearly sightings in southFlorida (single birds at ADDENDUM -- A very late Pine Siskin lingeredin Tallahassee Long Key June18, Duda July 10, andLake WorthJuly 12--HL, PS, until approximatelyMay 7-11 (B. & F. Stoutamire,ph. to T.T ) GSH) raisethe possibilityof early breedingfailures farther n. Cliff Swallowswere found again at Port Mayaca,where PS locatedone or ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- As readers of the Summer Season two nestsJune 29. A Blue Jay, always uncommonin the Keys, was on reportsfor the last 2 years may have noticed, I have poachedspring- PlantationKey July6 (JO). ThreeScrub Jays were found June 8 near time breeding records rather freely from Herb Kale and borrowed Yeehaw Jct. (HS), one of 2 known OsceolaCounty sitesfor this data from a number of studiesthat undoubtedlywill be publishedm sedentaryspecies. Florida's fourth Bahama Mockingbird was found detail elsewhere.While this is done in part becausethe nestingseason onLong Key June10 (SS). Gray Catbirds nested in s.Jacksonville for here is so long and beginsso early--Mockingbirdsin my Tampa the third time, and at Greenville where at leastfive were seenJuly 19 backyardwere rearingtheir third brood by late Junesthese practices (GM). Brown Thrashersmay have nestedon Stock I., where two permit a much more cohesiveevaluation of nestingrecords than adultswere seenJune 12 & July 31. No youngwere found, but one otherwise possible, and allow results of studies by a number of adultappeared to becarrying food on the 12th(FH, KW). Afew years individuals and agenciesto reach an audience that otherwise might agoa thrasherwas found singing on SugarloafKey in June,so birders not seethem. I am indebtedto Herb Kale for allowingme to pillage •n the Lower Keys mightstay alert to the possibility.While a Blue- Spring Seasonrecords, and to the various biologistscited in these grayGnatcatcher at Ft. PierceJuly 25 wasthought to be a summer pagesfor generouslysharing their information. straggleror earlyfall migrant(HD), a nestwith two youngin theAvon Park BombingRange furnished possibly the firstPolk Countybreed- CONTRIBUTORS AND OBSERVERS (Area Editorsin boldface) mgrecord (CG, m.ob.).A Hill Mynah(Gracula religiosa) at Archbold -- Lynn & Brooks Atherton, Harold Axtell, Ann Ayers, Wilson June3 representedprobably the first Highlands County record (GW). Baker, Oron Bass, Ted Below, Lee Calvert, Bert Charest, Ron Are they expandingtheir rangeN from Miami? Christen, Buck & Dena Cooper, Mort Cooper, Jeff Cox, Helen A Red-eyedVireo at Ft. PierceJuly 28 wasunusually early (WD). Dowling,William Dowling,Mary Dennis, Becky Fellers,Paul Fellers, Black-and-whiteWarblers, always amongthe first warblersto mi- Dot Freeman, Chuck Geanangel,Frances Hames, Lise Hanners, Ted grateS, werefirst detected at BartowJuly 10(B & DC). A singing Hendrickson, Gary Hines, Wayne Hoffman, Brian Hope, Gloria S Prothonotaryat HighlandsHammock S.P., June3 wasabout at the Hunter, Herb Kale, Bruce Kistler, Howard Langridge, Jack V edgeof normalbreeding range (JR), but another farther s. at Palmdale Larcombe, Jim Layne, Karen Leathers, Robert Loftin, Fred Lohrer, July25 may have been a migrant(BH et al.). Otherearly fall warblers Don & Grace Mace, Dave Maehr, S. McCandless,Kevin McGowan, were a N. Parnlaon Big Pine Key July 19(PS) anda Yellow-throated Gail Menk, Steve Nesbitt, John Ogden, Tom Palmer, Steve Patton, at ArchboldJuly 12(FL). BreedingPrairie Warblers are considered Barbara W. Patty, Becky Payne, Jon Plotkin, PeggyPowell, Jack "elusive" in Leon County, so four singingmales n. of Tallahassee Reinoehl, RobertRepenning, Ann Reynolds,William Robertson,Bill June 19-21 were noteworthy (GM & RC). Single Louisiana Water- Robinson,Ted & Chad Robinson, JamesA. Rodgers,David Srmth, thrusheswere founddead at RamrodKey July4 andalive at Orlando Sandy Sprunt, Stanley & Annette Stedman, Henry Stevenson,Rosa July 22 (T & CR). One or two singingYellow-breasted Chats near Belle Stevenson,Karen Sunderland,Paul Sykes,Pete Timmer, Tad- Green Cove SpringsJuly 7 may have been breeding(HS). Three ziu Trotsky, Helen Walker, M Joyce Williams, Joe Wilson, Kathy s•ngingHooded Warblers nearby at Black Cr., on the samedate Wolf, Glen Woolfenden, Bob Ziobro.--RICHARD T. PAUL, Na- indicateda slightrange extension S (HS). AmericanRedstarts were tional Audubon Society, 1020 S. 82rid Street, Tampa, FL 33619. amongthe earlymigrants, with oneat W. PalmBeach July 13(AA), one near Lakeland July 24 (PF & TP) and two at CowpensKey, Florida Bay July 29 (SS).

BOBOLINKS THROUGH SPARROWS -- A 6 Bobolink at the Dry Tortugas July 1 appears to have been one of the latest spring migrantson record for Florida (OB). A few miles s. of previous breeding records for the species, a family group of four Orchard ONTARIO REGION Orioles was seen near Wildwood June 17 (HS). Inland breedingof /Ron D. Weir Boat-tailed Grackles occurred again at L. Miccosukee in the Tally Div., where a female was seenfeeding a youngsterJune 21 (GM). Brown-headedCowbirds are increasingin the Region. Stevenson ThroughoutJune, conditionscolder and wetter than usualpre- noted a "strikingincrease" in abundanceand found a juvenile in a vailed over most of Ontario. The three counties in the extreme family of gnatcatchersat AlligatorPt.,, June 4, the third sucharea southwest suffered record cold. Adverse effects on breeding birds record. S.A. Grimes also commented •n the increase, and found a seemnot to have been serious. Colonial nestersthroughout the Great fertile cowbird eggin an E. Bluebird box in n. JacksonvilleJune 13. Lakes were one to two weeks later in their nestingactivities and Other recordswere of five birdsat the Clear SpringsMine July 10(B K Eastern Bluebird fledgingin late June in easternOntario suffered & TP) and one bird along the Shark Valley Rd., E.N.P., June 15 increasedmortality. However, sunny, hot and very dry weather (C. Miles). A BronzedCowbird made its first summerappearance in lasted all through July. Florida, in companywith Corn.Grackles and Red-winged Blackbirds This yearis the secondin the five yearOntario Breeding Bird Atlas at a Lower Keys feeder July 31 (FH, KW, MD). A SummerTanager programme.The availabledata at the time of writingthis account •n full songat S.G.I., June2 may havebeen breeding, although it was show exciting results particularly in the discovery of northerly not found July 14 (HS). speciesbreeding farther souththan previouslythought. The news SingingBlue Grosbeakswere notedin LakelandMay I & 15(CG et about Double-crestedCormorant, Wilson's Phalarope and House al.), Wildwood June 17 (RS). Five more at LakelandJuly 17 were Finchis good as all threeincrease their numbers in thedramatic range consideredio benesting (PF, PT). A nestingpair at MimsMay 23 (DS extensionor reoccupationthat beganonly 5 to 10 yearsago The et al.) and two males in full song near ScottsmoorJune 15 (HS) Henslow'sSparrow does not providegrounds for optimismfor •ts providedevidence of breedingin BrevardCounty. Three Indigoand fortunesin Ontario,and the Herring Gull is in troubleon someislands nine Painted buntingswere also singingat Scottsmooron that date in Lake Superior.The LoggerheadShrike may be holdingits num- (HS & RS; one 6 Indigo *T.T.), where all three specieshave bers, but until all the Atlas data are in, guarded comment is war- establishedthemselves in neglectedorange groves in the last decade. ranted.Rarities in the periodinclude Black Vulture, Swallow-tailed Two more Indigos at Saddle Cr. Sanctuary near Lakeland July 17 Kite and California Gull. were thoughtto suggestnesting (PF, PT, TP), while a • Paintedat Ft. It is of interest to examine the migrationindices calculated for Jefferson,Dry TortugasJuly 2 or 3 (WR) had perhapsjust taken a springmigrants over an eightyear periodat Long Pointshown •n

970 American Birds, November 1982 Little Blue was in Pinery P.P., June 12 (ph., GEl. The only Cattle Egrets reported were singlesin JarvisJune 22 (BD), Hamilton June 23 (RC) andPort Weller June 25 (MF, A B) and,as in 1981,the only nests epSl•periørGogama were the 4 outsidethe Regionon Little GalooI., notedabove, July 23 (CWI. For the secondsuccessive year. Great Egretsnested in a small colony on Middle I., in L. Erie (CW) and 75 were seenon Walpole I.,

Sauit Saint June 5 (AR). Individuals appearedin ones or twos at Cranberry Marsh, Kitchener-Waterloo, Strafford, Long Pt., and Ottawa. A Snowy Egret was at Long Pt., June 10 (PC, DP) and the same • Noah ••-' individualor another was there July I I (RC et al.). The very rare LouisianaHeron was in CranberryMarsh July 1 (MB, m.ob.). Black- crowned Night Herons continue to prosper. On Middle I., 400-500 pairs nested for the secondsuccessive year (CW). In the Kingston area, Snake I. has been colonizedand on PigeonI., the speciesis L. _% o,,--%..... maintainingits own territory in the lilac trees into which the expanding cormorant population has now moved (CW). Atlas work in pursuitof the secretiveLeast Bittern is beginningto pay off. A nest with three young was found in Simcoe (PV) and •( MarshLut•.... •ort"Wolfe King•to•Is. several nests in Rondeau (PAW), but so far scarceelsewhere in Essex I ..... • • •Prlnce Edward and Kent (AHK). Birds were at 2 locationsin Grey-Bruce(J J, MP), '•nla Long Pt. (RS) and Luther Marsh but not yet elsewhere in the L.St.•: - -•on •NlapraFalls L. ONTARIO Kitchener area (CAC). In Prince Edward several individualswere Clair• • H•lif f• reportedand onewas killed on the roadat Big I. (TS). At Kingston,9 • _/ • ..... /Fort Erie marshesare known to be occupiedwith at leastone pair each (RDW) and one accessiblenest contained four young (FP). Patience and Point •lee NP L. ERIE repeated visits to the same marsh are essential.The springflight of Glossy Ibises spilled over into the summerperiod. Four were at Huff's I., Prince Edward June 10 (SH) and singleswere found in Table 1: Springmigration indices 1975-82 at LongPoint Bird OshawaJuly 13 (MMcE. m.ob.) and at Isaac L., Bruce July 15-16 Observatory (TM, FD).

'75 '76 '77 '78 79 '80 '81 '82 SWAN, GEESE, DUCKS -- A WhistlingSwan lingeredat Sud- Com. Flicker 163 41 82 106 108 117 81 161 bury June5-13 (MH et al.). Late Brant numbered300 near Kingston Winter Wren 191 125 92 54 37 66 72 28 June I (AEH), 35 in the Thousand Is., June 4 (DRo) and 36 at Hermit Thrush 99 103 107 134 57 131 55 88 Richmond June 12 (NA). Gadwall has become common in the Corn- Ruby-crowned wall area and is now more noticeable than Mallard (BM). Green- Kinglet 169 178 84 54 15 126 85 114 wingedTeal is now a probablebreeder s. to Chantry I., in Bruce(J J) Yellow-rumped and a brood was seenat Wiarton (MP). American Wigeon summered Warbler 98 102 71 109 120 148 209 213 at 5 locations well away from the n. coast, but without evidence of White-throated breeding.Four were in Virginiatown(PR), a pair at Bracebridgeand Sparrow 191 83 84 78 64 96 81 135 Amherst I. (RB, RDW), a single male at Wiarton (JJ) and 25 on ChantryI., July6 (MP). Two Redheadwere in CranberryMarsh June Table I for six migrants (DJTH). Flicker numbers have returned to 6 (MMcE), 20 at CornwallJune 11where breeding is expected(BM), 1975levels, although still below levels of the 1960s.Hermit Thrush three in Ottawa July 4 (SG) and a male at Amherst I., July 24 (RDW). appears to follow what is regardedas a normal fluctuation. Ruby- Kingston'sfirst proven nestingof Ring-neckedDuck occurredat the crownedKinglet indicescorrelate nicely with their declinein the cold Lansdowne sewagelagoon July 8 with a brood of five (DAS). Other winters 1977-79and subsequentrecovery but the Winter Wren is now summeringbirds included a pair at Phillipsburg(JM) and a male in at its lowest level. These indicesrepresent actual numbers present at Ottawa June30-July 2 (BMD). A lone c• Canvasbackwas at Burling- Long Point based upon a daily census. A correction factor for ton July 1 (KMcL) and at Long Pt., July 31 (AL, RS). One c• and two weather has not been introduced. •? Lesser Scaupwere seenat BerefordL., June26 (JJ) and singles In the text following, place namesin italics denote counties. were at Amherst I., July 24 (RDW) and Wiarton the next day (JJ). Eight Oldsquawspent most of July at Thickson'sPt., Whitby (fide LOONS THROUGH CORMORANTS --The Red-throated Loon MB) and the only other report was of a singleat Long Pt., June27 in Humber Bay June I (JAK) and nearbyat BurlingtonJune 6 (RC et (DA). The last of the springmigrating Black Scoterswere two males al.) was probably a late spring migrant, but more difficult to at Douglas Pt., June 3 (KP) and a female at Ottawa June 6 (BMD). categorizewere the three off Cranberry Marsh June 25-July 3 (J & Three c• Ruddy Ducks spent the summerat Harrow (BE) and one NL). A similar situation is suggestedby the single Red-necked female was in Whitby June 23 (DRu). A brood of five at Wiltse L., Grebes at Quetico June 2 (JNil), Ottawa June 10 (BMD), Kitchener near Kingston provided the first substantiatedbreeding record for June 18 (CAC, AS) with 24 at Burlington July I (KMcL). An ad. that area (DAS). A Red-breastedMerganser pair bred successfullyat EaredGrebe was at the Rainy R. sewagelagoon June 1 (RT). A White Red Bay and its brood of nine was seenJuly 21 (JJ). Pelicanappeared at Big I., PrinceEdward June 15-30 for the county's fourthever (TS et al.) andfour were at Kettle Pt., July6-12 (ph., AR). VULTURES AND HAWKS -- Unusual were the two Turkey The recovery of the Double-crested Cormorant on the Great Lakes Vulturessummering at Newcastle(ERM). Near Kingstontwo young continuessteadily as existing colonies expand and new onesstart up. were seenin a nestJuly 5 (TV!, BG). Atlas activity revealedsurpris- In e. L. Ontario, the colony on PigeonI. hasgrown to 175nests from inglylarge numbers as probablebreeders. There were ten at Queens- zero in 1977(cf. 169in 1981, 80 in 1980, 38 in 1979-•CW, K.F.N.). In borough,Hastings June 12, 15 near Erinsville,Lennox & Addington w. L. Erie, 158nests were on Big ChickenI., and at LighthousePt., June 13 (RDW) and 14 in Quetico P.P. (hereafter, Q.P.P.) July 31 PeleeI., the 48 nestsrepresent a doublingover thoseof 1981(PAW, (SP). A convincingBlack Vulture report was received of a bird in GMcK). In the surveyby CanadianWildlife Serviceof the Canadian e. LambtonJuly 29 (ALP). Previouslyacceptable records occurred in sideof the Great Lakes, 1156_ nestswere tallied, up from the 961 in 1961, 1962, 1974, 1981 and all in July or August. Even rarer was the 1981(CW). On Little Galoo I., offshoreKingston--technically in the Swallow-tailedKite at Buckhorn,Peterborough June 14-24 (ph., AGC United Statesof Americaand hencein the next reportingarea--there et al.). The sameindividual was probablyinvolved in the sightingat were 595 nests (cf. 461 in 1981, 276 in 1980•CW et al.). Long Pt., July 11 (RC et al.). There have been only two other accepted sightingsin Ontario since 1912, viz. Newcastle 1953 and HERONS, IBISES -- Atlas work at Atikokan revealed several Pelee 1978.Six Goshawk nestswere reportedwith one on the Bruce heronriesof Great Blue Heron, the largestcomprising 150 nests (SP), pen. (FB) and five in the Kingston-Brockville areas (RDW, DAS). and 6 heronies totaled about 250 nests in Prince Edward (TS). One Few Sharp-shinnedreports were received, probably owing to its

Volume 36, Number 6 971 Ottawa July 12 (BMD) and three near Sudbury July 14 (JCN). Blenheim's first June record of Marbled Godwit occurred June 26 (fide PAW). The 50 Wilson's Phalaropesat Rainy R. sewagelagoon June I couldnot be foundJune 26 (RT), but the 25 pairson AmherstI., remained, where 2 nestswith youngwere discovered(FA et al.) and the other territoriesleft undisturbed.Elsewhere, there were 4 sightings of single birds throughout the summer.

JAEGERS THROUGH TERNS -- The ad. Long-tailedJaeger at Swallow-tailed Kite, Buckhorn, Ont., June 17, 1982. Photo/G. Car- Cranberry Marsh July 6 was well seen and described (JF). A second- penter. year Glaucous Gull was at Port Stanley July 10 (RK et al.) and an secretive behaviour when nesting.A Cooper's Hawk was on territory adult at PickeringJuly 21 (MB, MMcE). An Icelandjoined the gullsat at Mallorytown Landing, but its nest was not found (DRo et al.), and Port Stanley July 11 (JL), the same day 25 Great Black-backedsof another was seen carrying food near SudburyJuly 15 (CB). A Red- various ages were at Long Pt. (RC et al.). On Little Galoo I., noted tailed (Krider's race) was at Lake of the Woods June I (RT). Five above (CW), there were 6 Great Black-backednests. Herring Gull breeding sites were found for Red-shouldered in Bruce where it is nestingson PigeonI., held steadyat 52, but problemshave been noted probably increasing(JJ). In the Kingston area, 5 nests and several with their reproductive successon several islandsin L. Superior territorieswere located. This speciescontinues to do very well in the where productionis below 0.33 young/pair. Adults were seeneating shield areas of Frontenac and Leeds & Grenville (RDW). Late their own and other young, but whether food shortageis a factor in Rough-legged Hawks included two at Ottawa June 6 (BMD) and these colonies is so far unknown (CW). At Toronto, the California singlesnear Sudbury June 3 (JL), Wolfe I., June 8 (HQ, AEH) and Gull reappearedfor the secondsuccessive summer. She laid eggsthat Kitchener June 19 (MCa, LH). The bird at Sudbury was without its never hatched and a male of the specieswas never seen (fide CEG). right leg, but appearedhealthy. SingleLaughing Gulls were at Whitby June2 (MMcE), RondeauJune The current Bald Eagle stronghold is in n.w. Ontario and its 20 (PAW) and Winona June 27 (KMcL). A Franklin's Gull in second- population remains vigorous. Within Q.P.P., 12 active nests pro- year plumagewas near Hamilton June26 (KMcL) and largenumbers duced 16 young and 4 other nests outsidethe Park held four young were at Lake of the Woods June 27-29 (PE). For the secondsucces- (SP). At Long Pt., two youngwere fledgedfrom the neston Canadian sive year, no Little Gull nests were reported, but immatureswere Wildlife Service property. It represents the first authenticated suc- seenat Ottawa June 2 (MG), BurlingtonJune 13 (KMcL), Rondeau cessful nest there since 1963. The proud parents were an 8-year old June29 (PAW) and Cranberry Marsh July 15 (MB). The largestflock male and 4-year old female! (GMcK). Farther e., an immature was was at Long Pt., July 11 consistingof nine adults, three immatures found at JonesFalls July 27 (M & TH). Two PeregrineFalcons were and no birds of the year (RC et al.). reported: Ottawa June 29, July 4 (EMD, SG) and Morton July 15 (M & The newsof Forster'sTern is encouraging.At Rondeau,there were TH), but in neither case was breeding suggested.The Am. Kestrel 58 nests(cf. 17 in 1981•PAW). However, high water and poor June nest box programme at Sudbury resulted in 75 young fledged (JL). weather caused the loss of many nests at Long Pt. (GMcK), but nevertheless 50 birds were seen there July I I and many were GROUSE THROUGH COOTS -- Bobwhitecontinued to be very juveniles (RC et al.). Other reports included three at AldershotJune 6 scarceand from the three countiesin extreme s.w. Ontario only one (RC) and singlesat Ottawa June 13(BMD) and Whitby July 15(DRu). was reported, that from Kettle Pt. (AHK). The lone Sandhill Crane at Common Terns have apparently reestablisheda nestingcolony in Rondeauto July 25 was mostunusual (PAW). Only one King Rail was Hamilton Bay abandoned 10 years ago (RC). Black Terns were found in Essexand Kent (AHK), where the speciesis known to occur. reported scarcein Kent and Essex (AHK), in very low numbersat Farther n. at Wiarton, another was seen and heard in mid-June (RRe). Long Pt., and Hamilton, where only a few nestingpair are left in sharp Rare for both locations were the singleVirginia Rail in Q.P.P., June contrastto their abundance15 years ago (RC et al.). At the e. end of 13 (DE, SP) and Sora in Algonquin P.P. (hereafter, A.P.P.) all L. Ontario at Kingston, the speciesis doing very well (K.F.N.). summer(RT). A Yellow Rail was heard calling in Cranberry Marsh June 16 & July 3 (J & NL) and the Corn. Gallinule at GravenhurstJune CUCKOOS THROUGH NIGHTHAWKS -- In contrastto 1981, 16 (MCI, RB) was at the edge of its range. Yellow-billed Cuckooswere entirely absentor in very low numbers throughouts. Ontario with the exceptionof the St. Catherinesarea SHOREBIRDS -- Four Am. Golden Plovers remained at (RWK), Pt. Pelee, and Pelee I. (CAC et al.). Black-billeds were Blenheim until June 26 (PAW) while southbound Black-bellieds reported widely and were very numerousin A.P.P. (RT). Eleven appearedJuly 14 at Tiny Marsh (WZ, LI) and July 26 at Cranberry juvenile ScreechOwls were broughtto The Owl Rehabilitationand Marsh (MB). Late Whimbrel were two at Manitoulin I., June2 (JCN) Research Foundation of which eight have been rehabilitated for and Ottawa June6 (BMD). Southboundwere singlesat Mallorytown release(KMcK). The only nestreported was at KingstonJune 28 with LandingJune 26, their second-ever(TH), OttawaJuly 19& 27 (RP et three young (FA). An ad. • Great Gray Owl was hit by a car at al.), RondeauJuly 21, their secondJuly record (EC) and two at For! Kapuskasingand died June7 (KMcK). The Long-earedOwl nest on Erie July 29 (fide RFA). The pair of Upland Sandpiperswith three Manitoulin I., containingtwo youngJune 5 was the area'sfirst (JCN young at Windermere provided the first nestingfor Muskoka (RB) et al.). At least seven Church-will's-widows were at Rondeau all while farther s. at Port Hope, 10 nests were successful(ERM). summer, but no nest was found (PAW). Singles were heard at Breeding by Solitary Sandpipershas been confirmed at last for the Kitchener in June (DF) and Kingston June 9 (RDW). Common Sudbury area with the finding of an adult with a one-day old chick Nighthawkswere very scarceat Barrie (CJM), Virginiatown(PR) and June26 (CB). A possiblebreeder was seenin Q.P.P., June24 (SP) and Hamilton (RC). early migrantsappeared in the s., July 4 in Hamilton,July 8 in Bruce and July 14 in Simcoe (RC, JJ, AD). The lone Solitary at Smithville WOODPECKERS THROUGH SWALLOWS -- A pair of Red- June 12-13fits the in-betweendates (KMcL, RC). Unusualand very belliedWoodpeckers was in Stratford up to June27 (MD) and singles early were the threeWillets at Kettle Pt., July7 (AR) andthe singleat were at Long Pt., June29, July 13 & 23 (fide RS). Red-headedsnested Long Pt., on the sameday (OL). The last of the springRed Knot were at Cooper's Falls in Muskoka (RB) and four nestingpairs were noted 25 at Oakville June 5 (KMcL). in Simcoewhere the speciescontinues to reestablishitself (CJM). A Late White-rumped Sandpiperswere seen June 13 at Smithville Yellow-bellied Sapsucker at Kettle Pt., July 6 was unusual(AR) as (RC) and on the e. Headland, Toronto {HE), but 11spent all of Juneat was the pair of Black-backed Three-toed Woodpeckers on Blenheim(PAW). Six Baird's were still at Whitby June7 (MB, DB) Manitoulin 1., June 21 (WRL). One N. Three-toed was seen at andfive fall migrantswere notedat WiartonJuly 21 (TM, FD) along L. OpiniconJune 30 (FP), the site of the 1981nesting, but a nest was with singlesin Ottawa (BMD) and Pembroke(JB) July 25. At Hamil- not found this year. Eastern Phoebes were scarcein A.P.P., where ton 14 Short-billedDowitchers appeared June 26 (KMcL) about a they are usually common and only 2 nests were found along the week prior to their arrival throughouts. Ontario. One Long-billed Highway 60 corridor(RT). The Yellow-belliedFlycatcher at Whitby wasfound at the Rainy R. sewagelagoon June 1 (RT). Very rare away June 7 was a late migrant (MB). A pair of Acadians summered in from the Hudson Bay coast in June was the Stilt Sandpiperat Wheatley P.P., and no nest was found at Rondeau (PAW). One was Smithville June 12 (KMcL) and fall migrantsincluded an adult in bandedat Long Pt., June 10 (DP). Nesting of Willow Flycatcherhas

972 American Birds, November 1982 Pembroke. Ottawa, Simcoe and Frontenac and sightingsof possible breedersin Sudbury, Bruce and Muskoka. None was reportedfrom Kitchener-Waterloo, Port Hope-Cobourg or Brockville areas. White- eyed Vireo nestedfor the first time at Long Pt. (fide RS) and a male was on territory near St. Catherines June 17-28 (RWK). Yellow- throatednumbers were up sharplyon the Bruce pen. (JJ) and one in A.P.P., July 21-22 was only their second-ever (RWK). Solitary Vireos s. of their "normal" range included a successful nest at Howdenvale and adults scoldingat Port Elgin July 7, both in Bruce (JJ), and territorial males in 2 Atlas blocks n.w. of Kingston (PMac, RDW). Two successfulPhiladelphia Vireo nests were reported, although that of July 13 Sydney Bay, Bruce involved cowbirds (JJ). The site at Madoc July 25 was far s. of the known breedinglimits (RDW). Warbling Vireo was reported as unusuallynumerous in the Sudbury area (JCN).

WARBLERS -- Eleven nests of Prothonotary Warblers were found at Long Pt. (GMcK). At Rondeau, the usual number of nests were present(PAW) and at Pinery P.P., a nest held five young(TC). Golden-wingedswere in notable numbersat Gravenhurst, areas of Barn Swallow adult feeding young on the M.V. Upper Canada. Lake Simcoe and Sudbury (RB, CJM, JCN) and one was along Highway Erie, Ontario, July 13, 1982, Photo/Marvin S. Sinout. 600, n. of Rainy R., June 2 (RT). Blue-wingeds nested at St. been confirmed for Simcoe at Fesserton (PV). The species is well Catherines(fide RWK) and one was seenat Wye Marsh June 14-16, the area's first (JT). A Brewster's hybrid was paired with a Golden- established n. to Port Elgin (JJ, MP) and e. to Cornwall, where 6 breedinglocations are known. Atlas work in e. Ontario showsbreed- winged at Long Pt., in a successfulnesting June 27 (fide RS) and at ing territoriesconfined to a narrow band alongL. Ontario and the St. Havelock near Peterborough,a pair of Brewster'sfledged young July Lawrence R. (RDW). Numbers of Least Flycatchers were sharply up 6 (AGC, CV). Migration of 75 Yellow Warblers was underway on Amherst I., July 24 (RDW). Black-throated Blue was in above- at Pimisi Bay (LKL). An ad. Olive-sided was feeding young near PrescottJuly 27 (TH). A pair of Barn Swallowswith a flair for non- averagenumbers in Sudburythrough the nestingperiod 0CN). Along conformity raised young aboard the M.V. Upper Canada ferrying the HarricanawR., JamesBay, a largepopulation of Bay-breasteds was discovered, which was one of the commonestspecies in that area between Leamingtonand Pelee 1. (A & MS). Following many yearsof absence as a nester in Toronto. the Cliff Swallow has returned to 3 (RDJ). North of their usual range were a Prairie at GogamaJune 1 bridge sites (AD). (AN) and a 6 Kentucky near Rockport June 3 (TH). Connecticut Warblers on territory includedthree at Q.P.P., June 13 (DE, SP), four RAVENS THROUGH WRENS -- Atlassets in Bruce found 3 at Lake of the Woods P.P., June27-29 and one at Sibley P.P., July 2 nestinglocations for Corn.Raven. In the Kingstonregion, pairs were (PE) while the ardent male at Whitby July 23 was out of normal found near Highways 7 at Madoc, Actinolite and 41 between Kaladar breeding range (DRu). At least 29 Mournings were on territory in and Erinsville, farther s. than previously thought (RDW). A Tufted Q.P.P., June 13 (DE, SP). A 6 Yellow-breastedChat was on territory Titmouse family of six was seen in Kitchener in June (KWFN). In near Erinsville June 12 (RDW), well n. of its range, and Hooded A.P.P., Red-breasted Nuthatch was in lower-than-usual numbers Warbler summeredat 2 sites near London (fide WRJ). while Winter Wren is thought to have recovered its normal abundance (RT). A House Wren, rare in the park, was seenthere July 2 BLACKBIRDS -- One pair of Bobolinkssummered at Long Pt., (RRi). Work on a study plot at MatchedashBay marshindicated 450- where the specieshas not been recorded as breeding(DP). Singing 6 700 pairs of Long-billed Marsh Wrens, a substantialrecovery of a W. Meadowlarks were noted at Whitby June 26 (MB), at 3 sites in specieswhich 3 years ago showeda decline in the marshesof Simcoe Toronto (AD), 4 locationsin Bruce (JJ) and at Arthur (CAC) through (PV, CJM). The species is still absent from Atikokan, where the the summer. One nest was found at Pickering (GB). Two pairs of Short-billedMarsh Wren failed to returnto its 1981breeding site (SP). Orchard Oriole were confirmedbreeding at Long Pt. (fide RS) and Notorious for its unreliability, the Short-billedis giving Atlassers another at Winona (RC, VE). Up to five summered at Bowmanville some difficulty. None was reported in Kent, Essex, or Muskoka but (PB) and the most easterly of numeroussightings was near La Rue was located at Wiarton, Owen Sound, Manitoulin I. (JJ), Luther Mills June28 (DAS). Young Brewer's Blackbirdsbegan fiedging June Marsh (AS), Kingston (KFN) and MatchedashBay (PV). 4 from nestsin the 6 breedinglocations holding 35 adultson the Bruce pen. (JJ). The BreedingBird Surveysin the Kingston area showeda MIMIDS, THRUSHES -- A Mockingbird nest at Long Pt., con- significantdecline in numbersof Brown-headedCowbird (KFN). tained 2 eggsand two youngJuly 1 (fide RS) and an Am. Robin nestat Wiarton held 3 of its own eggsand 2 eggsof Cedar Waxwing July 6. FINCHES, SPARROWS -- A pair of Evening Grosbeaks was The foreign eggslater disappearedand the three robins hatched (JJ). feedingthree youngat Owen Sound in mid-June(PM). The dynamic Atlas work has yielded some surprisesfor the Hermit Thrush. Ten House Finch continuesto consolidateand expand its range. A pair breeding sites were found in Bruce and another at Owen Sound (JJ). summerede. to Cornwall (fide BM) and the first confirmednesting for Six squaresin the n.w. section of Kingston held 20+ pairs in the Kent occurred at Rondeau (PAW). Multiple nestingswere confirmed extensive pine stands s.w. of Kaladar (RDW). They have been in Kingston--five, Hamilton and London--three each, Toronto and overlooked as breeders this far s. It is not inconceivable that from St. Catherines--several each, Simcoe, Port Dover and Port Hope. such isolated pockets come the migrants that appear annually in Both speciesof crossbillappeared in early June. Two and ten White- August at Prince Edward Pt., well in advanceof the main September- wingedswere at Hill I., and Whitby June4 & 6 respectively(BF, DB), Octoberflight. Two Swainson's were heardon territoryJuly 13along and 12 Reds were in Ancaster June 12 (RC). Reds were present in the n. shoreof Bruce(J J). EasternBluebirds appear to be faringwell. small numbers throughoutsummer in A.P.P. (RT). Grasshopper Numbers were up in Muskoka, Bruce and Frontenac with only Sparrows increasedtheir numbers in the Kitchener-Waterloo area Kitchener-Waterloo showinglower numbers.Two pairs nestedalong (KWFN) and were in good numbersfrom St. Catherinesto Welland Highway 60 in A.P.P., where it was unknown as a nester(RT). At one (RWK). In Kingston,Atlas activity hasresulted in the findingof more Kingstonsite where50 pairsnested, fledgling success was loweredby nest sitessuggesting a statusoffaMy commonrather than uncommon mortality in June when cold. wet weather prevailed (JH). (RDW). The story of Henslow's Sparrow is much differentand quite discouraging.Only 5 reports were received, one of which noted its GNATCATCHERS THROUGH VIREOS -- Blue-gray Gnat- absence from Tiny Marsh (CJM). The male seen and heard near catchersnested at FessertonJune 22 for the secondknown nestingin Chatsworth vanishedin early June (PM) and one singingmale was Simcoe (PV), at Port Elgin June 24 when young fledged (MP) and heard at the Luther Marsh (CAC), Amherst I. (RDW), and Cornwall Bowmanville July 5 with two young (DRu, PB). Information on July 2 (BM). Hopefully, the Atlas work not yet reported will show LoggerheadShrike nestingis incomplete,but there were nestingsin additional sites. Two sightingsof Sharp-tailedSparrows were very

Volume 36, Number 6 973 interestingand serveto emphasizetheir late springmigration. A male G. Eisenhammer, D. Elder, H. Elliott, V. Evans, J. Floegel, was heard and seenat close rangeat Big 1. marsh, Prince Edward (TS, D. Fogle, M. Foley, B. Ford, M. Gawn, S. Gawn, C.E. Goodwin, LL, PT) and the secondwas at Long Pt., June 16 (PC, DP). A Dark- B. Gray, G.M. Hamilton, S. Hamilton, M. Heatherton, M. & T. eyed Junco was out of place at Rondeau P.P., July 16 (PAW). It is Hendrick, G. Henson, T. Hince, L. Hubble, A.E. Hughes, difficult to assesswhether the 8 territories reported containingone or J. Hughes, D.J.T. Hussell, L. Irwin, R.D. James, W.R. Jarmain, more pairs of Clay-colored Sparrow representcontinued range ex- J. Johnson,A.It. Kelley, J.A. Kelley, R. Kingwood, R.W. Knapton, pansion. These includedsites in Sudbury, Long Pt., Muskoka, Sim- Kingston Field Naturalists, Kitchener-WaterlooField Naturalists, coe, Bruce, Prince Edward as well as s.e. of A.P.P. In A.P.P., Field A. Lambert, L. de K. Lawrence, J. Lemon, J. & N. LeVay, Sparrow fledgedyoung for the park's first confirmednesting (GH et L. Lougheed, W.R. Lowe, O. Lund, C.J. MacFayden,P. Mackenzie al.). On June 2 a late White-crowned Sparrow was in Kingston (PMac), M.J. McCormick, E.R. McDonald, M. McEvoy, G. McKeat- (RDW) and even more remarkable was the Snow Bunting, a summering, K. McKeever, K. McLaughlin, P. Middleton (PM), J. Miles, plumagedmale, along Highway 60 in A.P.P., June 3 (GH). B. Morin, multiple observers (m.ob.), T. Murray, A. Nash, J.C. Nicholson, J. Nilson, K. Parker, M. Parker, A.L. Patterson, SUB-REGIONAL EDITORS (boldface), CONTRIBUTORS (ital- S. Peruniak, F. Phelan, R. Pittaway, D. Plummet, H. Quilliam, ics) and CITED OBSERVERS -- N. Ahmed, R.F. Andtie, D. Argo, R. Reid (RRe), P. Richter, R. Rideout (RRi), A. Rider, D. Ross F. Avis, M. Bain, F. Banfield, A. Barnsley, D. Barry, C. Bell, (DRo), D. Ruch (DRu), A. Sandilands,R. Smith, A. & M. Smout, G. Bellerby, R. Bowles,J. Bouvier, P. Bridges, M. Cadman(MCa), T. Sprague,D.A. Sutherland,J. Thompson,P. Thompson,R. Tozer, C.A. Campbell,E. Carhart,A.G. Carpentier,P. Christgau,M. Cleary T. VanLuven, C. Vardy, P. Vom Stam, R.D. Weir, C. Weseloh,P.A. (MCI), T. Crabe, R. Curry, M. Davis, A. Dawe, F. Deiter, E.M. Woodliffe, W. Zufelt.--RON D. WEIR, 294 Elmwood St., Kingston, Dickson, B.M. Dilabio, B. Duncan, P. Eagles, B. Eaton, Ontario, Canada, K7M 2Y8.

NIAGARA-CHAMPLAIN REGION /DouglasP. Kibbe and Cheryl M. Boise

An unusuallycool, wet June, which dampenedspirits as well as somebirding (and, moreimportantly, nesting) efforts, was followed by a "typical"hot, dry July. The season'sexceptional finds were, as usual,of waterbirds,although some areas experienced severe enough drought to seriouslylimit shorebirdhabitat. Owing to the greatly expandedsummer field effort inspiredby the atlasprojects, reports from "atlas years" may not be directly comparablewith thoseof previousyears and shouldbe judged accordingly.Summer resident birds were, historically,often ignoredby birdersin favor of more excitingquarry. Now, with Vermont'sbreeding atlas in anearly stage of publication and New York's third breeding bird atlas season drawingto a close, knowledgeof the summerbird populationsis Bald Eagles, 26 Marsh Hawks, five Ospreys,and 13 Am. Kestrelsin increasing.As atlasersknow, findingnests is not the primaryobjec- June indicatingagain that a significantpercentage of the raptors, tive of the project, sincebreeding can more easilybe confirmedby presumably nonbreedingsubadults, straggle through after most other criteria. Nevertheless, Vivian Pitzrick and Elizabeth Brooks birders have declared migration officially "over". A tardy Rough- found over 950 nests of 66 speciesthis summer. demonstratingwhat leggedHawk was seenJune 12 (MD) w. of Rochester.The Jefferson determination can do. CountyBald Eaglepair producedtwo young(LC) and an adultover Indian L., in the Adirondacks (TS) was an encouragingsight. The GREBES THROUGH WATERFOWL -- The regionaldecline in eagle hacking programat Oak Orchard W.M.A., enjoyed another Pied-billed Grebes appears to be continuing unabated. The few successfulyear with 21 eagletsfledged (fide VP). The Ospreyhacking reports received indicate reproductivesuccess may be too low to programon the SenecaIndian reservationhad to be deferredthis maintain the already reducedregional population. Two White Peli- year, however, owing to storm-inducednesting failures on Long cansappeared at Montezuma N.W.R., early in June, one lingering Island, the usual source of young. Marsh Hawks, termed "very throughmid-July (m.ob.). Double-crestedCormorants are thriving. numerous"in the counties borderingthe St Lawrence River (LC), Vermont had its first nestingpair in recent history and 100+ were were virtually unreportedelsewhere. Gray Partridgewere down in presenton the L. Champlainislands. Great BlueHerons also seem to numbersin New York and unreportedfrom Vermont. Two Sandhill be doingwell with 50 + at BraddockBay June4 (MD). Montezuma Craneswere observedin courtshipdisplays in cornfieldsnear Frews- N.W.R., hosteda Little Blue and Louisiana heron June 12(ST & PRI burg June 15-18 (m.ob.,fide VP). and a Snowy Egret a day later (MD, WL). Great Egretswere scarcer than usual,singles at Dead Cr. and Oak Orchardand two at Monte- zuma N.W.R. (m.ob.) comprisedthe only sightings.Black-crowned Night Heron numbersappeared up, 40 at MontezumaN.W.R., being the bestof many reports.The only reportsof Least Bitternsreceived were of 3 sightingsin Vermont. Hamfin hostedthe only summeringWhistling Swan. Most unusual for place and date, a white-morphSnow Gooseapparently healthy (flying)was nearPaul Smiths, N.Y., June26 (GMM, RA et all. Forty plus Brant reappearedon the St LawrenceR., July 26 (sev.ob.,fide LC), perhapssignaling nestling failures on the highArctic? A possible decline in nesting Blue-winged Teal was noted in c. New York (G.O.S.). The d Eur. Wigeon at Montezuma N.W.R., apparently summered (m.ob.).

HAWKS THROUGH SHOREBIRDS --The Braddock Bay hawk watch, steadfastlymanned through June 30 (L & NM et al.), yielded Pair of Sandhill Cranes, Frewsburg,N.Y., June 15, 1982. Photo/ 13Sharp-shinneds, 1341 Buteos (including 1284 Broad-wingeds), five James Yaich.

974 American Birds, November 1982 Upland Sandpiper, one of the few regionallybreeding shorebirds to New York atlassers found a White-eyed Vireo in s.e. Hamilton receive much attention from observersthis summer, was generally County (H.R.A.S.) and two were discoverednear Alleghany Res well reported. Shorebird movements were, as usual, difficult to (RAS et al.). Worm-eating Warblers were unreported and Prothono- separateinto n. and southboundcomponents. For the sake of argu- tary Warblers were found at only 3 sites. The latter were, however, ment anythingseen after mid-Junewas treated as a nonbreederor confirmedbreeding at Delta R. (DC, RK, m.ob.), a new nestingsite early (southbound)migrant. Best Vermont sightingsincluded 185 for New York. Lesser Yellowlegs at Dead Creek W.M.A., July 25 (LNM), surely a Vermont High count; a Willet there July 23 (JD) plus a Wilson's Phalarope July 30 (LNM); and a White-mmped at Herrick's Cove Extensive field work in Otsego County confirmed earlier July 15 (WN). Notables in New York included 12 Whimbrels at Pt. convictions frequently stated in this summary in the past; Breeze July 14 plus singlesat BraddockBay June 13 and July 4 & 17 Blue-wingedWarblers (and hybrids) have virtually supplanted (R B A., G.O.S.), three early W. Sandpipersnear RochesterJuly 9, Golden-wingedWarblers from this portion of their breeding and a misguidedWillet (believedto be of the w. race)on a sandbarin range.Golden-winged Warblers are still frequentlyreported in the e branch of the Ausable R., July 7 & 8 (GC et al.). The latter the Region and Golden-wingedtype songs were frequently specieswas also found in early July at Eldorado Shores (GS, fide heardin OtsegoCounty. In all instancesbut two, however, the O A S.) where its appearancewas lessstartling. An Am. Avocet and latter birds proved to be "Brewster's" or "Lawrence's" (or g' Wdson's Phalarope were found at Carlton Station June 4 (WS et intergrades). Consequently, observers are requested to deal ) and July 26 (MD, WS) respectivelywhile a N. Phalaropewas note, in future reportsto the editors,whether or not "winged present on Pt. Breeze June 5 (MD et al.). warblers" were identified to "species"by sightor sound.

GULLS THROUGH WRENS -- A laggard Iceland Gull was Vermont's colony of Cerulean Warblers continuesto hold its own presentin the Rochesterarea throughat leastJune 23 (sev. ob.), and at Sandbar W.M.A. Reports of Prairie Warblers continue to increase an ad and two imm. Franklin's Gulls were seenthere intermittently in New York, probably as a result of the better coverageof the atlas throughmost of June (MD). Two ad. LaughingCulls on Canadaway project. A Kentucky Warbler at Hamlin S.P., June 3 (WS) was the Cr, June 2 (B.O.S.) continue a recent pattern of annual regional only southernwarbler to be spottedwithin our borders. appearances.Two Caspian Terns, relatively rare in Vermont, spent the fourth of July at Dead Creek W.M.A. (DC, LMC). A single ICTERIDS THROUGH SPARROWS -- A decline in E. Meadow- Forster's Tern at Braddock Bay June 25 (MD) was the only sighting larks in n. New York (LC) may be anotherconsequence of last April's for the summer. blizzard. The Pt. Breeze W. Meadowlark remained through the Thanks to widespreadinfestations of gypsymoths and forest tent summer (m.ob.) and one was discoveredon territory at the Chautau- caterpillars Black-billed Cuckoos were much in evidence. Yellow- qua County airport (RAS, fide VP). Orchard Orioles seem to be billed Cuckooswere relatively scarce,however, perhapshaving been increasing slightly in c. and w. New York. An "orange variant" shortstoppedby caterpillar outbreaksfarther s. ScarletTanager was noted June 4 in Ferrisburg,Vt. Observersshould Judgingfrom the number of reports received, owls have been be aware that a wide variety of plumage abberationsincluding virtually eliminated from the Region, or eveningtelevision viewing brightly colored wingbars and yellow-orangepatches occur in this hasimproved dramatically. Barn Owls, extremelyrare in Vermont, speciesleading to frequent misidentificationas W. Tanagers. were discoverednesting at New Haven (JA). Ruby-throated Hum- Pine Siskins lingered (and breeding was suspected) at many mingbirds were termed very, very common in n. New York (LC). localitiesinto the summer. It would be interesting(though probably Experiencefrom breedingbird atlassingin Vermont and New York impossible)to document the influence of feeders on this species' indicatesthat pairs can be located almostinvariably in the vicinity of breeding distribution. Given the dearth of adequately documented sapsuckerfeeding trees. Red-bellied Woodpeckers maintained their records, attempts should always be made to confirm suspected toeholdon JeffersonCounty in n. New York but were unreportedin nesting.Only 3 localitiesreported Henslow's Sparrowsand Grass- Vermont. A Corn. Flicker nest fledgingAug. 1 in Allegany County hopperSparrows were only slightlymore numerous although 14 + at (VP) was extremelylate. EasternPhoebes, apparently hard hit by last Avon (CC et al.) were encouraging.In July two Clay-coloredSpar- April's blizzard, were down in numbersnearly everywhere. Acadian rows were found at a historicnesting site near Alfred (EB) and singles Flycatchers,on the other hand, were unusuallywell reportedin New were singingnear Redfield (FS) and at the Dunkirk-Fredonia airport York with birds at Hamburg (RA et al.), Sawmill Run (RAS), Tinkers (m.ob.,fide VP). Falls (DWC), Oak Orchard and Bergen Swamp where 27 were Correction: The Monk Parakeet referred to in recent seasonal reported breeding (fide G.O.S.). A July 1 sighting at Ward (EB) summarieswas in Elmira Heights, not Ithaca. indicatesthat Corn.Ravens are maintaining their presencein extreme w New York. Except for a small colony at Carlton, N.Y., Short- billed Marsh Wrens were unrecorded. CONTRIBUTORS (boldface) AND OBSERVERS -- Allegany CountyBird Club, J. Allen, R. Andtie, R. Arbib, Buffalo Ornitholog- THRUSHES THROUGH WARBLERS -- A dramatic increase in ical Society, L. & D. Burton, W. Benning, E. Brooks, Cayuga Bird Hermit Thrushesnoted, at leastlocally, in the Adirondacks(TS) may Club, G. Carleton, L. Chamberlaine, D. Cargill, C. Cass, D W reflect recovery at last from depressedpopulation levels of the past Crumb, M. Davids, P. DeBenedictis,J. Dye, GeneseeOrnithological several years. The 29 E. Bluebirdsfound at Avon, N.Y. (CC et al.) Society,High PeaksAudubon Society, R. Knight, W. Listman, L.N. and 27 nestings(with at least 77 fledglings)documented in Allegany Metcalf, M.F. Metcalf, D. Moilroy, G.M. Meade, L. & N. Moon, County (VP) give some indication of how well this species has L. McColgig (LMC), W. Norse, J. Nicholson,Onondaga Audubon respondedto nestbox projectsthroughout the Region.Unfortunately Society,V. Pitzrick, RochesterBirding Association, P. Reister,F.G. little hope remains for the Region's diminutive LoggerheadShrike Scheider,G. Smith, R.G. Spahn, T. Sterrett, R.A. Sundell, W. Sy- population.The Pt. Breeze pair successfullyfledged only one young monds, S.E. Taylor, Vermont Institute of Natural Science--- (5-6 eggsconstitute a normal clutch) and a singlebird at Dead Creek DOUGLAS P. KIBBE and CHERYL M. BOISE, Box 34, Maryland, W M A. (LNM) was Vermont's first in 2 years. N.Y. 12116.

APPALACHIAN REGION the southtemperatures were more normalbut no placehad a very hot /George A. Hall July. June was wetter than normal at some placesbut at Pittsburgh rainfall was about normal. July was a little on the dry side everywhere. Vegetation developedearly and well, and somefruiting It was a strangesummer. Spring almost missed the Regionthis year crops seemeda little on the early side,but many fruiting plantsfailed and in many ways there was little summer.There was no hot weather to produceafter the late springfreezes. to speakof, and at Pittsburgh,June was muchcooler than normal. To In the north it was certainly a year of insectinfestations. The major

Volume 36, Number 6 975 rants: State College, Pa., June 4 (MW); Erie County, Pa., June 9 (JB), SayersDam, Pa., June 13(DB), Glades,Pa., June 19(JHo & RH), and Hampshire County, W. Va., in early June (B.B.C.F.). The Great Blue Heron continuesto do well as a nesting species.A new heronry of 40 nestswas found near Lander, Pa., (WH), nesting was observed near Leeper, Clarion Co., Pa. (LC) and a colony of 44 nests was found in Clinton County, Pa. (PS). There were too many late July reports of Great Egret to detail separately,but the record June 13 at Erie N.W.R., Pa., was noteworthy(RFL). Unusualheron recordswere Snowy Egret, Elizabethton, Tenn., June 1 (GW); Little Blue Heron, Salem, Va., July 7 (NM), Louisiana Heron, Roanoke, Va., June 25 (TK) and Cattle Egret, Wooster, O., June 14 (JBr). Yellow-crowned Night Herons nestednear Salem, Va. (NM & MP), and near Elizabethton, Tenn. (GEl.

WATERFOWL-- The CanadaGoose had a goodbreeding season in Crawford County, Pa. (RFL) and introductionsby state game agencies have now brought breeding populations of the species to many parts of the Region. This speciesshould almost be considered as semi-domestic.Wood Ducks had a banner nestingseason throughout the Region. Common Mergansers nested in Warren County, Pa. (WH), and Hooded Mergansers nested at Erie N.W.R., Pa. (RFL). There were many reports of out-of-seasonwaterfowl. Whistling Swans were reported from Potter County, Pa., July 20 (DB) and from near State College,Pa., July 25 (CS)--possibly the sameindividual. A Lesser Scaup was at Kingston, Tenn., July 2-31 + (MA) and a brood of the periodicalcicada held forth in southwestPennsylvania, Buffleheadapparently spentthe whole summerat Wilber L., Tenn. eastern Ohio and most of West Virginia until late June. These did (RK). CommonMergansers were near Renovo, Pa., in late June(AF supplyan abundanceof nestlingfood for thosespecies able to utilize & DB), and at Cross Fork, Pa., June 9 (PS), while one or two Red- them. East in Pennsylvaniathe gypsy moth outbreak continuesto breasted Mergansersstayed at Presque Isle S.P., Pa. (hereafter, play havoc with the vegetation,although defoliation was perhapsnot P.I.S.P.--JM). as complete as last year. On the other hand the tent caterpillar infestationpresent in part of the Region in recent years has abated, RAPTORS -- Turkey Vultures are increasing to the n., being but in July Black Locust trees over much of northern West Virginia presentall summerat Leeper, Pa. (LC), but at Lewisburg, W. Va., and southwestPennsylvania were defoliatedby the locustleaf miner. they were in below-averagenumbers (CH). Summerrecords for the These did not seem to offer much attraction for the birds despitetheir Sharp-shinnedHawk came from Leeper, Pa. (LC), Sheffield, Pa. numbers. (JD), Warren, Pa. (TG), Wytheville, Va. (TF), Alleghany County, With the generallymild weatherand, in mostplaces. an abundance Va. (RP) and Watauga County, N.C. (TH). Cooper's Hawk was of food it would appear that most specieshad very successfulnesting increasing in the Ligonier Valley, Pa. (RCLL but there were no seasons.There had been some concern about winter mortality of the nestingreports of the Goshawk, which had been breedingin increas- species wintering in the southern United States, as well as the ing numbersin this Region. There were very mixed reports of Red- permanent residents, but this was not much in evidence. Carolina tailed and Red-shouldered hawks as well as Am. Kestrels. The Bald Wrens and Eastern Bluebirds seemed to be in much the same num- Eagle was reported more commonly than usual in the summer. As bers as last year or even better. reported earlier the PymatuningL. eaglesraised four young (RFLI The trend of several northern species to extend their breeding and the pair nestingin West Virginia's South Branch Valley for the ranges southwardwhich has been the subjectof commentin recent secondyear had two well-grownin the nest in mid-June(B.B.C.F.). years continued without letup. In the following account there are Other reports came from Bald Eagle S.P., Pa., June 4 & 20 (two numerousexamples of this. In addition to theseslow expansionssuch different marked immatures--MW), Kinzua Res., Pa., July 14 (CP}, birds as Pine Siskins and Red-breasted Nuthatches that had been so Butler County, Pa., June 14 (RBy), Stuart's Draft, Va., June 14 commonduring the winter remained,and nestedat many places,well (THu), an injured immature in Botetourt County, Va. (BO), and 4 south of the normal range. The correspondingphenomenon of south- reports of immatures in various lakes near Knoxville (CN). There ern species moving north continues, I•ut at present is much less were no summer reports of Golden Eagles this year. Merlins were spectacular than the reverse. seen on June 12 at Edinboro, Pa., and Albion, Pa. (RFL & ML). The As in no other year it was very difficult to truly ascertain these raptor recordsof the seasonwere of a MississippiKite seenin Bath range expansions, since an unprecedented number of northern County, Va., June 9 (BK et al.) followed by one seen in Augusta species,particularly warblers, remainedas presumedstragglers well County, Va., from the Blue Ridge Parkway June 13 (RA). into June. Some southbound migrants (passerines, as well as the expectedshorebirds) began arriving from the north in the last half of GALLINACEOUS BIRDS- The Bobwhite was doingwell in the July. Thus, for example, shoulda singingNorthern Waterthrushwell e. part of the Region, but in n. West Virginia it was still very low. out of normal range in the second week of July be considereda Introduced Turkeys were doing well near Wooster, O. (JBr). possiblenesting bird, or simply a very early migrantof this early- moving species?Based on one season'sobservation there is no way SHOREBIRDS-- A few shorebirdswere still presentin early June to tell. and the first southboundmigrants appeared in mid-to-late July. There I feel called upon to remind AppalachianRegion contributorsthat were few unusualspecies reported and by the end of the period the there are sufficientinteresting problems in breedingdistribution to get general migrationhad been rather on the light side. A Piping Plover the observers out in the field in summer. As is usual, many fewer was seen at P.I.S.P., July 20 (PH). Ruddy Turnstones were at reports came in this seasonthan in winter and spring. P.I.S.P., June 3 (RW), and Sayers Dam, Pa., June2 (MW) and then later at P.I.S.P., in late July (JM). Sanderlingwere at P.I.S.P., June3 LOONS, CORMORANTS AND HERONS -- Among the strag- (50--MW), Saltville, Va., July 31 (first local record TF) and Kings- glers of early June were Corn. Loons seen at PymatuningL., Pa., ton, Tenn., July 31 (MA). Other notable shorebird records were: June 4 (RFL & ML), Norris L., Tenn., June 5 (JH), Hampshire Short-billed Dowitchers at Erie N.W.R., Pa., July 28 (RFL), Salt- County, W. Va., June 10 (B.B.C.F.) and Sayers Dam, Pa., June 13 ville, Va., July 31 (TF) and Roanoke, Va., July 10-31(BK etal.); W. (DB). A Pied-billed Grebe was a late stragglerat Patrick Henry L., Sandpiper, P.I.S.P., July 17 (JM) & July 20 (PH); White-rumped Tenn., June4 (MD) and at the other end of the periodrather early fall Sandpiper,P.I.S.P., June3 (RW); Baird's Sandpiper,Roanoke July migrants were seen in Westmoreland County, Pa., July 24 (DS), 31 (MP); Stilt Sandpiper, Saltville, Va., July 31 (2rid local record-- Waynesboro,Va., July23 (MHe) and Blacksburg,Va., July 31 (CK). TF), RoanokeJuly 30 (MP), and Kingston,Tenn., July22 & 23 (MA); There was a remarkable number of records of Double-crested Cormo- and Wilson's Phalarope, P.1.S.P., July 31 (JM).

976 American Birds, November 1982 GULLS AND TERNS -- A Hemng Gull at Pnnceton, W Va, Many of the Red-breasted Nuthatches that had been so common m June29 was most unusual(JP), but an ad. LaughingGull at P.I.S.P., the winter lingeredinto early Junebut recordsat Leeper, Pa., July4-5 June 20 & July 19 (JM, PH), was even more so. Bonaparte'sGulls (LC), State College,Pa. (HH), Mohican S.F., O., June24 (JBr) and were seen in Huntingdon County, Pa. Ring-billed Gulls are now Big Black Mt., Ky., July 3 (LR) indicate possible out-of-range apparentlyresident at Bald Eagle S.P., Pa. (PS). Any summertern nesting.Brown Creepersare more proneto do this, and a nesting report away from L. Erie is unusual.This summerthere were 12 Com. alongthe PotomacR., in WashingtonCounty, Md. (T & LD), while Terns in Allegheny County, Pa., June5 (DS), CaspianTerns at State interesting, was not the first for that valley. College, Pa., June 9 (DB) and Kingston, Tenn., July 20 (MA), and The WinterWren did notreturn to theMohican Gorge, O., thisyear Forster'sTerns at SayersDam, Pa., in early June(DB), P.I.S.P., July (JBr), but one was heard singingat an elevation of 2300 ft, near 10 (JBa), and Saltville, Va., July 31 (TF). Blacksburg,Va. (TF). Winter Wrens were quite commonin the Cheat Mrs. of West Virginia but seemedwell below normal on nearby DOVES THROUGH GOATSUCKERS -- The Mourning Dove SpruceMt., at the sameelevation (GAH). The reportsof Carolina continuesto increasein populationalmost everywhere. Yellow-billed Wrens were mixed, with good comeback at places, but still un- Cuckoos were in good numbers in the n.e. where the gypsy moth common at others. outbreak was heavy, but elsewhere numbers were low and Black- bfiled Cuckoos were scarce everywhere. A Barn Owl nested near THRUSHES, KINGLETS AND SHRIKES -- Hermit Thrushes Rote, Pa. (CHa), and three successfuland one unsuccessfulnestings were in above-normalnumbers in the West Virginia spruce belt were reported from RockinghamCounty, Va. (R.B.C.). Barn Owls (GAH), and on LaurelSummit Glade, Pa. (RCL). Out-of-normal were thought to be increasingthere and in the Elizabethton, Tenn. rangerecords came from Powdermill Nature Reserve, Pa., at 1700ft region (GE). There were two sightingsfrom w. Pennsylvania,Arm- (RCL), Black MoshannonS.P., Pa., June26 (RW), and Shenandoah strong County June 9 (RHi) and Allegheny County July 23 (DF). A Mt., Va., July 19 (LT). They did not return this year to the Mohican Long-earedOwl in Butler County, Pa., July 25 (DF) was noteworthy. Gorge, O., where they summeredlast year (JBr). A Gray-cheeked In a censusof Saw-whet Owls alonga North Carolina sectionof the Thrush singingin late June at State College, Pa., was another late Blue Ridge Parkway conducted Mar. 15 to mid-May up to six indi- straggler(HH). The severalbluebird nesting box projectsin this area wduals were seenor heard (RY). all showedvery fine nestingsuccess for the E. Bluebird.One reporter Of major interest in recent years has been the N expansionof the (TD) commentedon there being more bluebirdsto be seen along Chuck-will's-widow. It is now regular in Botetourt County, Va. roads now since most of the box projects are along roads. Th•s (BK), severalhave been heard in the Lyndhurst-Stuart's Draft area of reporter also noted that some personswere pluggingup natural AugustaCounty, Va. (RS); one was heard in Berkeley County, W. cavitiesso that the bluebirdswould use their boxes, certainlyan Va, where it had occurredlast year (BD); and severalwere heard in action to be deplored. the South Branch of the Potomac Valley near Romney, W.Va. A Golden-crownedKinglet neston Roan Mt., Tenn., was appar- (B B C.F.). entlyonly the secondfor the Tennessee-NorthCarolina region (RK) Kingletswere alsofound at StateCollege, Pa. (HH) andWashington WOODPECKERS, FLYCATCHERS AND SWALLOWS -- In County, Pa. (R & MH), both locationsout of the normal range. w Pennsylvaniaand n. West Virginia Corn. Flickers were unusually LoggerheadShrikes nested at Athens, W.Va. (JP), but the only scarce. Did they suffer heavy mortality when the freezing weather otherreports came from the GreatValley, from WashingtonCounty, extended S in the wintering grounds?The expansion N of the Red- Md. (T & LD), RockinghamCounty, Va. (R.B.C.), Saltville, Va. belhedWoodpecker seemsto have leveled off, with no reportsfrom (TF), RockbridgeCounty, Va. (nested--RP). There were 3-5 reports Crawford County, Pa. (RFL) but it was present againin Allegheny from the Elizabethton,Tenn. area (GE) and 3 from the Knoxville area County, Pa. (PH). Nesting numbersof Yellow-bellied Sapsuckersat (CN). Cherry Springs, Pa., were above those in recent years (PS). This species,which used to nest quite commonlys. throughthe moun- VIREOS AND WARBLERS -- The White-eyed Vireo expansion truns, has been scarce for many years, so a June 9 record at State N continuesand it was the "best year ever" at P.N.R. (RCL). Yellow- College,Pa. (DB) and a July 1 recordat Paddy's Knob, Bath Co., Va. throatedVireo is in a seriousdecline in this Region,and there were (LT) were noteworthy. few reports. Both E. Kingbirds and Great Crested Flycatchers were in short Do early Junedates for warblersrepresent possible range expan- supply at most places. Acadian Flycatcherswere seen as far n. as sionsor are they simplylate stragglers?Similarly do late July records Forest County, Pa., in July (RCL). Alder Flycatcherswere reported representsummering birds or early migrants?The Yellow-throated from Roan Mr., Tenn., where 5-6 singingmales were found in early Warbler continuesits range expansionN and there are numerous July (RK & RL). A Least Flycatcher at Clarksville, Pa., July 21 was records in w. Pennsylvania (PH). Prairie Warblers were found in unusual, but may have been a very early migrant (RB). Least Fly- morelocations than usualin the Lock Haven, Pa. area(PS). A family catchersare now regular nestersat Mohican Gorge, Ashland Co., O., groupof PineWarblers was found at Laurel GladeSummit, Pa. (RCL, an "•sland"of northernhabitat (JBr). The only reportsof Olive-sided RM), a new bird for the area. A Kentucky Warbler, unusual sofar n, Flycatchers came from Union City, Pa., June 9 (JM) and Crawford was seen in Crawford County, Pa., July 5 (RFL &ML). County, Pa., June 12 (RFL) (late stragglers)?The E. Wood Pewee There were more reportsof northernspecies moving S. There •s was m excellentnumbers at most placesbut the E. Phoebewas not now a goodpopulation of Yellow-rumpedWarblers on SpruceKnob, even mentioned by most reporters. The Tree Swallowcontinues its movementS. Some375 were W. Va., wherethey were unknownuntil last year (GAH). Northern Waterthrusheswere presentin MorganCounty, W. Va., in June(BD) fledgedfrom the 250 nest boxes of Operation Bluebird in Warren and at BluestoneS.P., W. Va. (JP) bothplaces well out of the normal County,Pa. (WH). Nestingswere reportedfrom HampshireCounty, breedingterritory. However, it is likely that recordsfrom Allegheny W Va. (B.B.C.F.), Morgan County, W. Va. (BD) and from Douglas County July 24 (DF), and Powdermill Nature Reserve, Pa., July 23 L, Tenn., and severalother placesin s. Tennessee(TKo & CN). Cliff (RCL) were migrantsof this early migratingspecies and this mayalso Swallows are doing well in the neighborhoodof Kinzua Dam, Pa. have beentrue for Bath County, Va. recordsJuly 12 & 13, although (WH), and a colony of 150 nestswas found in Holmes County, O. the birdswere reportedto have beenthere last year at the sametime (JBr) In the Lock Haven, Pa., area the numbersof CliffSwallows on (R.B.C.). The Northern Parula was a new addition to the summer 3 BreedingBird SurveyRoutes have tripled in the last3 years(PS). A birds in the Mohican Gorge, O. (JBr). Golden-wingedWarblers colonyof 30 Bank Swallow nestsat Boaz, W.Va. (CB) was one of the nested on Roan Mt., Tenn. (GE) and Canada Warblers were seen on few reportsfrom the statein recentyears. At Clarksville, Pa., nesting Big Black Mt., Tenn., at fairly low elevations(LR). The CapeMay PurpleMartins had their bestyear sincethe greatdie-offin 1972(RB). Warbler in AlleghenyCounty, Pa., July 25 (DF) was an extremely early migrant,but what can be made of the singingg Bay-breasted CORViDS THROUGH WRENS --The Corn. Raven continues to Warblerpresent for severaldays in the sprucebelt of WestVirginia in do well to the n. and it was reportedfrom Big Black Mr., Ky., July 3 mid-June? (LR) Fish Crows which have been sparinglyreported farther and It was a goodyear for hybrid warblers.There were 3 recordsfor the farther up the PotomacR., in recent years, were found in the South "Lawrence's" Warbler in w. Pennsylvania;North Park, Allegheny Branch Valley this June (B.B.C.F.) and were seenat Bald Eagle S.P., County, June 2-July 10 (m.ob.), Moraine S.P., June 7 (JHo & RH), Pa, June 12 (CHa). and HarrisonTownship, Allegheny Co. (JHo & RH). There was also

Volume 36, Number 6 977 a "Brewster's" Warbler at North Park June 12 (DF) The "Sutton's" July 11 and represent a shght range extension (RFL) Bachman's Warbler reported at Pine Grove Furnace S.P., Pa., in the spring Sparrowhad not beenreported from thisRegion for manyyears, so a report, turned out to be as mysteriousas have been most recent record on a BreedingBird Survey Route in ChattoogaCounty, Ga, reports of this form. The bird sang the songsof both the Yellow- was mostencouraging. Lark Sparrowshave alsobeen nearly absent throated Warbler and the N. Parula and combinations of both. The as breedingbirds, but the B.B.C.F. turnedup 2 locationsin Hamp- plumageseemed almost identical with a Yellow-throatedbut descrip- shire County, W. Va. Another puzzling specieswas the White- tionsdiffered. The bird, which usuallystayed too highin the pinesto throatedSparrow seen at Black MoshannonS.P., Pa., July 3 (HH) be seenwell, was presentthrough June and July (SS). There is much and near Elizabethton, Tenn., July 18 (GE). Finally, as one last resemblancebetween this report and one from RaleighCounty, W. exampleof a puzzlingrecord, what are we to makeof a Fox Sparrow Va. several years ago. in the Centre County, Pa. barrensAug. I (KJ)?

FRINGILLIDS -- Rose-breasted Grosbeaks nested at Pine Grove CONTRIBUTORS -- Robert Ake (RA), Richard Almy, Marc Mills, Pa. (KJ) and they were presentall summerat Clarksville, Pa. Armstrong,Jim Barker (JBa), Jim Baxter (JB), Ralph Bell (RB), (RB), both places out of the usual range. One was also seen at Chuck Bernstein,Dorothy Bordner,George Breiding, Brooks Bird Knoxville June22 (BL). A Blue Grosbeakwas seenin MasonCounty, Club Foray, Jim Bruce(JBr), RichardByers (RBy), Lois Callahan, W. Va., July 17(GB), andthere were 8 locationsfor thisspecies in the Bob Dean, Martha Dillenbeck,John Dorio, LeonfineDoyle, Truman South Branch Valley near Romney, W. Va. (B.B.C.F.). Other rec- Doyle, Glen Eller, Tad Fennell, David Freeland,Alice Fuller, Norris ords came from WashingtonCounty, Md. (T & LD), Waynesboro, Gluck, Ted Grisez, Tom Haggerty (TH), Anne Hamilton (AH), Va. (RS) andAsheville, N.C., July 30 (RY). Two pairsof Dickcissels Charles Handley (CH), Cecil Hazlett (CHa), Harry Henderson, were reported from Holmes County, O., throughJune (DK). Mozelle Henkel (MHe), Paul Hess, MargaretHigbee (MH), Roger Pine Siskinsremained at scatteredplaces all throughthe summer. Higbee (RHi), William Highhouse,Audrey Hoff (AHo), Ron Hoff Young birds were seen in Allegheny County, Pa. (DF) and adults (RHo), JoyceHoffman (JHo), Joe Howell (JH), Ted Hughes(Thu), feedingyoung were in Great Smoky MountainsN.P. (A & Rho). An Roger Hummel (RH), Katherine Jones, Mark Kalbach, Daniel Evening Grosbeakremained at State College, Pa., until June8 (DB), Kearns,Clyde Kessler,Barry Kinzie, Rick Knight,D. Kline (DK), but two at Lewisburg,W. Va., July 4 (CH) were noteworthy.Besides Tom Koella (TKo), Tom Krakauer (TK), Beth Lacy, Nevada the nesting area on Shenandoah Mr., Va., Red Crossbills were Laitsch, Mary Leberman, Robert C. Leberman(RCL), Ronald F reported from 2 locationsnear Blacksburg,Va., July 17 (TF & CK), Leberman (RFL), Richard Lewis, Hue MacKenzie, Jerry McWll- and from Botetourt County, Va. (first summerrecord--BK). House liams (JM), Norwood Middleton, Robert Mulvihill, JohnMurray, Finches nestedfor the first time (known) at Dalton, Ga. (AH), and CharlesNicholson, Bill Opengari,Robert Paxton, Jim Phillips, Mike have now becomequite commonalmost everywhere. Purdy, ChasePutnam, Lene Rauth, RockinghamBird Club, Conrad Most remarkablewas the belated but convincingreport of a Lark Schmidt, Paul Schwalbe (PS), Paul Shoopman, Dennis Smeltzer, Bunting near Tallulah Falls, Ga., May 28 (HM). Henslow's Sparrow Ruth Snyder, StanleyStahl, Anne Stamm,Leonard Teuber, Gary seemsto have started an upswingafter having been nearly absent Wallace, Rick Wiltraut, Cora Williams, Merrill Wood, Ruth from the Region for several years, and there were reports of some Young.--GEORGE A. HALL, Division of Foresty (Mail Address: goodsized colonies at severalplaces. The GrasshopperSparrow also Department of Chemistry), West Virginia University, Morgantown, is doing somewhatbetter. Dark-eyed Juncoswere at Pithole, Pa., WV 26506.

WESTERN GREAT LAKES REGION outstandingspring migration, this summer,as expected,paled in /Daryl D. Tessen comparison. In fact many observers commentedon the season's quietness.However as readers digest the following summarythey may be surprisedat the number of outstandingfinds. Contestingfor June was characterizedby unusuallycool and wet weather. Frost top honorswere the Snowy Plover, Chuck-will's-widow,Great-tailed was still occurringin the northern areas during the early part of the Grackle and McCown's Longspur in Minnesota, the Ruff, Black- month. July proved to be mainly hot, humid and wet. Frequent headedGull, Arctic Tern and Scissor-tailedFlycatcher in Michigan, temperaturesin the mid-90øs- low 100øswere recorded,often accom- and the Swallow-tailed Kite, Great Black-backed Gull, Arctic and paniedwith 70%-90% humidity. Heavy rains laced the Region, but Least terns and Baird's Sparrow in Wisconsin. [In the text below usually proved very localized. One day totals of 2-4 inches were italicized names are counties.] frequentwith several6-10 inch rainfallsalso recorded. Only extreme northwestern and to a lesser extent western Wisconsin and southeast- LOONS THROUGH IBISES -- WanderingCom. Loonsincluded ern and west-central Minnesota had below-normalprecipitation. one June 26 at L. Geneva, Minn. (KL) and another July 25 at Despitethe late, cool springand cooler-than-normalJune, the nesting LaCrosse, Wis. (FL). A breeding-plumagedArctic Loon that ap- season, generally was consideredto be very successful.After the peared at Upper Rice L., Minn., June 5 representedonly the third summerand ninth state record (BF et al.). A family groupof Red- neckedGrebes on Oak Glen L., July 10 was farther s. than normalin Minnesota (RJ). Wisconsin'sbreeding Red-necked Grebes included the usual sites of Oakridge L., several pairs (JE), Rush L., where Ziebell's counttallied 48 birds and 40 eggsJune 11, GrassyL (one pair) and a new nestingsite at Grand River Marsh, wheretwo nesting pairswere discoveredby Idzikowski. The EaredGrebe that appeared at Wisconsin'sGoose Pond during May wasjoined by another,both remaining until mid-June (m.ob.). Possibly one of these was the individual seen at Rush L., by Ziebell June 17. Minnesota's L Geneva had two June26 & July 10 (KL, RJ). While W. Grebeswere foundfarther e. in Minnesotathan normal, i.e., 12 at 4 s.e. locations, numberswere down at AgassizN.W.R., a favoritenesting site One was presentJune 11-17 at RushL., Wis. (TZ). White Pelicannumbers were up in s. andw. Minnesota,with manynonbreeding flocks noted. The phenomenalnesting expansion of the Double-crestedCormorant in Wisconsin continued unabated this summer. A Green Heron seen June 29 in Lake was the first found n.e. of Duluth (KL). The only Little Blue Herons in the Regionwere found in Minnesota.An adult

978 AmericanB•rds, November 1982 was at Moorhead June 7 (KE) and severalpairs nestedat Big Stone point in its 10-yearcycle In n and n e Minnesotathe Greater Pralre N W R Cattle Egrets were also found at Big Stone N.W.R., with Chicken continuesto spread into marginal habitat. While Sharp- Wisconsinnesting again occurring at Green Bay and Horicon N .W.R. tailed Grouse numbers were down in n.w. Minnesota it was doing An unusual number of Great Egrets was found in n.w. Minnesota well in n.w. Wisconsin.Michigan's Bobwhitepopulation continues at during the summer. Snowy Egret nestingsin the Region included a very low level as evidencedby the few summersightings. The King Green Bay and Big Stone N.W.R. Additionalsightings included June Rail was found only in Wisconsin with birds at Mud Lake W.A., 25 m Ntcollet (JFr) and July 31 in Hennepin(RJ), Minn. Michiganhad Horicon N.W.R., and Crex Meadows W.A. (JP). A conflictingpic- 1-3 birds at Pt. Mouillee intermittently during the period (PY, ECa, ture exists within the Region for both Virginia Rail and Sora. In both ECo, RA, TS). A LouisianaHeron was alsofound at Pt. Mouillee July Michigan and Wisconsin numerous observers commented on the 5 (RA, TS). Breeding Yellow-crowned Night Herons were located in scarcity of both speciesthis summer. However in Minnesota both Westland, Mich. (JF), New London, Wis., and Milwaukee (JI, MD). specieswere found up in numberswith the Virginia even spreading Additional sightingsincluded 6 sitesin Minnesota,2 in Michigan and into n.e. areas. A similar situation exists for the Yellow Rail in this one m Wisconsin. American Bitterns were again found in below- statewith more than the usualreports from the n.c. and n.w. regions. averagenumbers in most of Michigan, in n.w. Minnesota and many In the latter regionit is apparentlyvery widespread,with it evenbeing Wisconsin sites. The one major exception was in the w. Upper found on small isolated sedgemarshes (fide KE). Several were found Peninsula(hereafter, U.P.). A Glossy Ibis was observed June 17-18 during June-July at Michigan's Seney N.W.R. (TS). Most unex- by the Horicon N.W.R. staff. One was seenJune 26 at Pt. Mouillee pectedwas one in e.c. Wisconsin.While canoeingHoricon N.W.R., (ECo) July 24 the Braastadshad a leisurestudy of an individualalong a dike. Common Gallinules were sighted unusually far n. in Minnesota, WATERFOWL -- Mute Swansare expandingtheir nestingrange including June 28 at Rice Lake N.W.R. and July 26 at Agassiz with 4 locationsin the Detroit area, in additionto 2 sitesin Muskegon. N.W.R. (JM). The latter furnished the farthest n.w. state record. A similar expansion is occurring in Wisconsin with nesting at Michigan's Carribbean Coot successfullynested with an Am. Coot at Metrobeach. After the extensive discussion in the s.e. states about Superior in addition to the Bayfield-Ashlandarea. Wisconsinhad a most unusual movement of Canada Geese along L. Michigan during this species,and its nestingwith an American Coot, one must wonder the first half of June. Flocks of up to 60 were seenonce in Milwaukee about this sighting. (DG) but almost daily at Manitowoc. Even more surprisingwas the accompanimentof Whistling Swans (maximum four June 3) and Snow Geese(last June9) twice with the Canadas(CS). Both Michigan SHOREBIRDS -- The shorebirdswere a part of the major spring and Minnesota also had unusual sightings. For the former it was exodus that occurred just prior to the Memorial Day weekend. Consequentlya more limited variety lingeredinto the summerperiod. Whistling Swans in St. Clair with four June 20 (fide AK) and Delta with one June 24 (CT). In the latter there were many nonbreeding For exampleWisconsin tallied 17 migratory species,Michigan 7 and Minnesota5 until mid-June.Again this summerthere was continuing Canadason L. Superior. For example 120summered at Duluth (KE). evidence of wandering and summeringindividuals. Why did thesethree species"migrate" at suchan absurdlylate date, Interesting Wisconsin records included a Semipalmated Plover at where were they comingfrom, and did they summerin the Region? Additional Snowswere found at Rush., Wis., where they summered Green Bay June 17-20(ECI, BCo) with an early fall migrantin Taylor July 9 (SR). Piping Plovers nested at Superior and Long Island-- (TZ), m MinnesotaJune 2 at FergusFalls (S & DM), anda pair June21 Ashland. At the latter four youngwere counted(DV). Almost setting at AgassizN.W.R. (JM). The White-fronted Goosethat appearedat a record was the Am. Golden Plover in Milwaukee June 11 (DG). Wisconsin'sGoose Pond during mid-May remained until mid-June (mob ) Ruddy Turnstoneswere commonat Manitowoc with 76 June3 (CS), with the last June16 (SR, DT). The GreaterYellowlegs June 12 in Eau There were the usualout-of-range duck sightingsthis summer.For Wisconsinthey included a Ring-neckedin Shawano (MP), Canvas- Claire is a new departure record (JP). Lesser Yellowlegs wandered this summeras evidencedby one at OshkoshJune 21 & 24 (TSc), at backs at Rush L. (TZ), and St. Croix (JE), Lesser Scaups in 8 Madison June26 (ST) and Chippewaand LaCrosseJune 29 (JP, FL). counties, summeringin several, a pair of summeringCom. Golden- eyesat Manitowoc (m.ob.), and a Com. Merganserat LaCrosse(FL). The latter might representearly fall migrants. SemipalmatedSand- For Minnesota it was a Black Duck in Wright (R J), 3 broodsof Green- pipersand Sanderlingssummered at Manitowoc--Two Rivers (CS). winged Teal, with one in Roseau (RJ), and two in Clearwater (AB), A W. Sandpiperwas studiedat leisure at Two Rivers June 12 (DT). An Am. Avocet was also at Manitowoc June 17 (CS). Two N. and a Ruddy brood at Moose L. (KL). Amongthe Michiganwander- Phalaropeswere in Eau Claire June 2 (JP). Noteworthy fall migrants erswere Canvasbacksat Metrobeach(AK) andthe MuskegonWaste- water System (hereafter, M.W.S.) (GW), four Oldsquaws at includeda Whimbrel at Milwaukee July 22 (BC), a Solitary Sandpiper WhitefishPt. Bird Observatory(hereafter, W.P.B.O.) (DE), a White- in Chippewa June 29 (JP), and a total of 25 Willets from Madison, wingedScoter off High I. (TL), and a Com. Merganserat Pt. Mouillee Superior, Milwaukee, Menominee, Eau Claire and Horicon N.W.R. (ST, RJ, BC, DG, JP, DT). Milwaukee had a Red Knot July 23-24 (RA, TS). (BC) and a record arrival of White-rumpedSandpiper July 8 (JF). Record-tyingarrivals were recordedfor the Least SandpiperJune 29 HAWKS -- The Swallow-tailedKite discovered at May's conclu- in LaCrosse(FL) and Chippewa(JP) and Short-billedDowitcher June sion m Oconomowoc,Wis., was seenintermittently during the first 27 at Madison (ST) and LaCrosse (FL). A Marbled Godwit was at week of June when it then disappeared(RS et al.). Out-of-range Manitowoc July 29 (CS), an Am. Avocet accompanyingtwo Willets Sharp-shinnedHawks in Michiganincluded single birds at Lexington in Dunn July 18 (JP) and a N. Phalaropethere July 23 (JP). June 19 (DM) and Lakeport S.P., July 18 (HD). Unusual was Michigan's Dept. of Nat. Resources(D.N.R.) surveyof the Piping Blanich'sobservation of a Cooper'sHawk takinga bath in the lake in Ploverfound 14 pairsthis summer,this in contrastto 17last year and front of his house. Also in Minnesota was a sighting of a Red- 31 in 1979.This speciesremains in serioustrouble regionwide. A very shoulderedHawk far n., near Bagley June 21 (AB). Late migrants early Am. Golden Plover was at W.P.B.O., June 27 (DP, BB, TS). includedeight Rough-leggedHawks at W.P.B.O., June 1 (DE) and Four Whimbrels were at Pt. Mouillee June3 (PY) with a fall migrant one m Jackson,Wis., June5 (DTi), with a PeregrineFalcon June6 in on the MuskegonS.P. beach July 25 (SM). A total of 15 Willets was Dakota, Minn. (JD). An early migrantwas a July 31 Merlin at Knife found in 3 locales, including Muskegon S.P. (SM), St. Josephand River, Minn. (KE). Encouragingnews about the Bald Eagle came New Buffalo (WB, RS). There were 10 Red Knots June 7 at W.P.B.O. from the w. U.P., with many nestsand youngreported by McDon- (DE). Four late White-rumpedSandpipers were found at M.W.S., nell Marsh Hawk numbers were up in n.w. Minnesota. A late- June20 (JPoet al.) with two fall migrantsJuly 13 at High I. (JS). A W. wandering Osprey was seen June 8 at Rush L. (TZ). Of special Sandpiperwas studied at St. JosephJuly 19 (RS). A Buff-breasted interest was a renewed attempt to re-establishthe PeregrineFalcon Sandpiperwas in Delta June 1 (CT). Always excitingwas the sighting along the MississippiR. bluffs of Minnesota-Wisconsin.Five birds and photographingof a Ruff betweenJune 5-7 at M.W.S. (ES, JPo et were releasedalong the bluffs this summer.Hopefully better success al.). An Am. Avocet was at Silver L., July 8 (E & SA). will be attainedthis time than the six unsuccessfullyreleased during Minnesota'scontributions included the find within the group. Last the summers of 1976-77. summerit was the Wilson's Plover, this year it was a SnowyPlover. It was discoveredby Wiens July 11 on Pine I., remainingthrough July GROUSE THROUGH RAILS -- Spruce Grouse were seen in 18, where it alternatedbetween Pine L. and Morris Pt., Lake of the Forest, Wis. (DT). The Ruffed Grousecontinues regionwide at a low Woods. During this time it was photographedand seen by many

Volume 36, Number 6 979 residence in c. Sherburne. It was heard by many and also taped. Interestingly this specieswas heard by the Gundersonsduring June, 1981but they did not know its identity. In Michigan it was found June I in Kalamazoo (RA, DP) as usual. Minnesota had two out-of-range woodpeckers. A Red-headed's nest was found near Isabella (SW & MS) and Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers were in Mower (RJ) and Lyon (EB). Black-backed Three-toed Woodpeckers nested in all 3 states. At least 4 nests were found in Cook and Lake, Minn. Wisconsin had sightings in Ashland, Vilas, Oneida and Forest, with nesting confirmed in at least 2 of these. For Michigan a pair nestedin Luce. A pair of N. Three-toed Woodpeckers was seenJuly 11-21in Cook near last year's nesting site (K & MH). However no nest could be located Ruff, MuskegonWastewater Facility, Muskegon,Mich., June 6. this year. Minnesota also had one additional sightingJuly 3 in Lake 1982. Photo/Bill Bouton. (fide SM & MS). Wisconsinreportedly had one at Fuller's feederJuly 5 in Polk. observers. A June 30 Semipalmated Plover at Lake of the Woods Wisconsin had late migrating W. Kingbirds in Ashland June 4 (TW) was probably an unusually early fall migrant. Wiens' D.N.R. (ECz) and Richland June 6 (BD). One was near Duluth June 12 (RJ). study of the Piping Plover on Pine and Curry Is., tallied 40 birds and An ad. Scissor-tailedFlycatcher was seen flying near Ann Arbor by 24 nests with half successfullyhatching. Failures were caused by Kielb July 17. The Black-billed Magpie continuesto increasein n.w. storms, waves or avian predators--gulls and crows, not by humans. Minnesota. Red-breasted Nuthatches summered in Milwaukee Wiens had a Black-bellied Plover at this locale June 30 and July 27. (WW). No Carolina Wrens were reported in the Region! Michigan Encouragingis the report that Upland Sandpipernumbers were up in had 6 different observations of Mockingbirds including successful the state. A pair of Solitary Sandpiperswith a chick in late Juneoff the nestingin Traverse City (FKe). Minnesota commented on decreased Lima Mountain Rd., near the Gunflint Trail represented only the numbers of Gray Catbirds and Brown Thrashers. A similar situation secondMinnesota nesting record (K & MH). Another Solitary and a for the latter specieswas noted in the Detroit area. The Wood Thrush Lesser Yellowlegs were found June 20 at Marshall, probably repre- is spreadinginto n.e. Minnesota. A Swainson's Thrush in Shawano sentingwanderers (HK). One Willet was in Martin June 20 (R J). A July 26 (MP) was early. Encouraging was the increased numbers of Red Knot and Buff-breastedSandpiper were seenJuly 24 in Polk (S & E. Bluebirds found for the secondconsecutive year in Minnesota. A DL). Wiens had Sanderlingsin Lake of the WoodsJune 25 and July tardy Water Pipit was at W.P.B.O., June 8 (DE). Most encouraging 10. Marbled Godwit numbers were down in the n.w. region. A was the LoggerheadShrike picture in the Region. Michigan had six Hudsonian Godwit was seen June 5 at Duluth (KE). A family of Am. fledgedin Allegan S. Game Area (TS), with a singlesighting in Delta Avocets (one adult, two young) July 18 at E. Grand Forks (S & DL) (CT). There were three breeding pairs in Wisconsin, including Fish representedone of the state's few nestingrecords. Lake W.A. (JH), Eau Claire (four fledged JP), and Neikimi (two fledged, fide TZ). Additional sightingsincluded Oneida (P & LE), JAEGERS THROUGH TERNS -- An ad. Parasitic Jaeger at Douglas (three---RJo), Door (R & CL), and Albion (MD). Numbers Milwaukee's Coast Guard ImpoundmentJuly 19 representedonly the were markedly up in Minnesotawith 13 (!) reportsfrom the s. and w. second summer record. Watched by Cowart, it was initially seen areas. being harassed by three Caspian Terns. It later returned, slowly circling over the area, affording Cowart an excellent study. Glaucous VIREOS THROUGH WARBLERS -- In Michigan White-eyed Gulls summeredat Manitowoc (CS), with one in Milwaukee July 30 Vireos nested at the Port Huron Game Area (AC) and Metrobeach (DG). Most unexpectedwere 1-2immature Great Black-backedGulls (RL). Additional sightingsincluded two until mid-July at Niles (RS, seen intermittently between June 18-July 10 at Manitowoc-Two TWo) and singlesat New Buffalo (WB) and Kalamazoo (RB) during Rivers (m.ob.). They were photographedJune 19 by Steffen. Excep- early-mid-June. In Wisconsin it was found during June at Cadiz tional was the sightingof a Black-headedGull at W.P.B.O., Mich., SpringsS.P. (MP, RH) and at Madison's Arboretum (ST, DC). While June 4 (DE). A Laughing Gull was found during mid-June at St. Wisconsinobservers commented on the difficulty in locatingBell's Joseph (WB) and July 24-31 at New Buffalo (RS, WB, LS). The Vireos, sightingsstill camefrom 6 different locales.A Solitary Vireo Franklin's Gull has been absent/scarce during the past summersat summeredin KelloggForest, Mich. (RA). Minnesotafound both the Agassiz N.W.R., Minn., so the estimated50,000 pairs nestingthis Red-eyed and Warbling vireo numbers down while Wisconsin made summer was most encouraging(JM). In Wisconsin two were in similar commentsfor the latter species. Monroe June 12 (EEL at LaCrosse 1-3 June 8 & 29 (FL) and at ProthonotaryWarblers were found to be quite numerousalong the Manitowoc it was present during June with a maximum of 20 on June Wisconsin side of the St. Croix R. on a June B.B.S. 0Hu). This is at 16 (DT, SR). Minnesota had many reports of nonbreeding the n. edge of its range. In Michigan's Ottawa Marsh 67 singingmales Bonaparte's Gulls during the summer. Little Gulls were again at Two were counted(BM, DVa). NestingWorm-eating Warblers were again Rivers with a maximumof three. No nestingcould be found. As usual found in Wisconsin'sSauk. Tardy TennesseeWarblers were found in during July birds commencedappearing at Milwaukee's Coast Guard Clio, Mich., June 6 (JBu) and Appleton, Wis., June 17 (SR). Fall Impoundment, with a maximum of five. Carefully studied Arctic migrants were found in Eau Claire July 22 (JP) and Appleton July 26 Terns were seen at Pt. Mouillee, Mich., July 5 (RA, TS) and in (DT). South of its normal rangewas a Nashville Warbler June 27-July Wisconsinat Ashland July 21 (DV) and Manitowoc July 25 (CS). Only 4 at Alton S.P., Minn. (DZ). A tardy N. Parula was found at the fifth Wisconsin record for the Least Tern occurred with the Milwaukee's Schlitz Aud. Center June 13 (MB, WW) with an early discoveryof one by Woodmanseeat Milwaukee July 8. It was also fall migrantat Berrien Springs,Mich., July 18-20(LC). Late Magnolia located the following day until in the evening it flew N along the and Black-throated Green warblers were also seen at the Schlitz lakeshore (MB, JF, BC, MD). Minnesota had many sightingsof Center, the former June 10-14 and the latter June 13 (MB, WW). nonbreedingCaspian Terns with the Black Tern encouraginglyre- Magnolias nested for the first time at the Port Huron Game Area ported up in numbers. (AC). Two Yellow-rumped Warblers were seenin Manitowoc June 14 (CS). Exceptionally far n. was a Cerulean Warbler July 14 in Vilas, CUCKOOS THROUGH OWLS -- Again this summer numbers Wis. (J & SB). A Yellow-throated Warbler nest was found June 29 in for both cuckoo specieswere unusually low throughout the Region. the Port Huron Game Area (JBa, ECa, AC, PY). One was present The Grantsburg, Wis., Great Gray Owl that was discovered in late until July 18 in Berrien (TWi). A late Bay-breastedWinbier was in May was seenuntil early July (JH, DF). Another was seenby Klugow Lake, Mich., June8 (LC). A breeding-plumagedc•Blackpoll Warbler in Douglas. There were additional unconfirmedWisconsin reports. A was also found in Michigan July 20 in Otsego (DMc). Michigan's Boreal OwI was heard July I in s. Itasca, Minn. (R J, RG). This site is D.N.R. surveyof the Kirtland's Waffolercensused 200 singingmales 150 mi s. of where it nested in Cook. When a tree was cut down near this summer, down from the 232 in 1981. Pembine, Mich. four young Saw-whet Owls were discovered in the Prairie Warblerswere foundin Michiganwith singlebirds June 15 nest hole (FK). in Oakland (AC), June 19 and July 17 in Kalamazoo (CB). The Louisiana Waterthrush continues scarce in Minnesota with only 3 GOATSUCKERS THROUGH STARLINGS -- Minnesota had its early June reports in Washingtonand Chisago, along the St. Croix R. first Chuck-will's widow with one calling in June at the Gunderson The Kentucky Warbler was found in one Michigan and 4 Wisconsin

980 American Birds, November 1982 Baird's Sparrow,Manitowoc Co., Wisc.,June 17, 1982.Photo/John McCown's Longspur, Grand Marais, Minn., June 11, 1982. Photo/ Idzikowski. David B. Johnson. counties.Out-of-range Connecticut Warblers were found in Wiscon- widespreadthan originallybelieved. One was at W.P.B.O., June4 sin's Door (R & CL) and Jackson(JP), althoughnesting is suspected (DE). The tardy Tree Sparrowat Ashlandwas seenJune 7 (LL). A in the latter. Four singingYellow-breasted Chats were presentduring White-crownedSparrow in Kent, Mich., June14-21 was banded (A & Juneat CadizSprings S.P., Wis.(MP, RH)..Atotal of fiveto sixpairs MH). Last and certainly not least was the discoveryof a breedingwere found in Michigan's Ottawa and Kalamazoo with additional plumagedc• McCown's Longspur by Brown(BBr) andWare at Grand sightingsat South Haven and Warren Woods.After the surprising Marais June 11. It was seen and photographedby 20 additional numberof May Hooded Warbler sightingsin Wisconsinit was only birdersthat day but could not be relocatedthe followingday. This found in Waukesha and Sauk this summer. At the 1980 site of representsMinnesota's first 20th centuryrecord. Minnesota'sfirst nestingWilson's Warbler, eight singingmales were found June 13-25,that alongHog Cr., in Lake (SW & MS). CONTRIBUTORS -- Ray Adams, Ellen & Steve Alkema, Joan Bartell (JBa), H. Batts, Jeff & Scott Baughman,Craig Bennett, Jo ORIOLES THROUGH SPARROWS -- Orchard Oriole numbers Blanich,Al Bolduc,Marilyn Bontly, Walter Booth,Bill Bouton,John were up in Minnesota,with individualseven in the n.w. part of the & SusanBraastad, Ed Brekke-Kramer, Richard Brewer, B. Brown state. The first documentedRusty Blackbird nesting for Minnesota (BBr), Jeff Buecking(JBu), ElizabethCampbell, E. Carhart(ECa), finally occurredthis summer.Four youngwere fledgedin an alder David Cedarstrom,A. Chartier, Ed Cleary (ECI), BrotherColumban swampoff the GunflintTrail, Cook.Rustles were also found in at least (BCo), Bill Cowart, Ellie Cox (ECo), Linda Cox, Ed Czapega(ECz), 3 other nearby locations (K&MH). In addition a pair was seen H. Davidson, Joanne Dempsey, Mary Donald, Barbara Duerksen, carryingfood to at leastthree young along Hog Cr., Lake (SW & MS). Kim Eckert (Minn.), P. Egeland, Paul & Louise Engberg, Eric One of the finds this summer was an ad. c• Great-tailed Grackle seen Epstein,Jim Evrard, David Ewert, Lawrence& Carol Falk, B. Fall, near Burnsville by Egeland June 19. This representedMinnesota's Don Follen, Jim Frank, JohnFrentz (JFr), PepperFuller, R. Glassel, first record. Dickcisselsproved very scarcethroughout the Region. Mr. & Mrs. Gunderson, Dennis Gustarson, James Hoetier, Ken & The House Finch continuesits expansionin s.e. Michigan. In Oak- Molly Hoffman, Randy Hoffman, Alex & Mabel Hook, Horicon !and, Wayne and Macomb 27 were banded with an additional 28 N.W.R. staff, Joe Hudick (JHu), John Idzikowski, Robert Janssen, unbanded.Adults feeding young were observedat 6 different sta- Robbye Johnson(RJo), Frank Kangas,Alice Kelley, Ford Kellum tions,with singlenests located in OaklandandDetroit. Unusualwas a (FKe), M. Kielb, Bernie Klugow, Henry Kyllingstad,Ken LaFond, Pine GrosbeakJune 21 in Barry, Mich. (HB). Pine Siskinsnested at Sharon & David Lambeth, Tim Laney, Larry Leach, R. Leasure, GreenBay andManitowoc. White-winged Crossbills coming to Boot- Fred Lesher, Roy & Charlotte Lukes, Bill Martinus, Jim Mattsson, ly's feeder in Milwaukee until June 9 were unusual. Two Lark JosephMcDonnell (JMc), Doug McWhirter (DMc), Steve & Diane Buntingswere sightedJune 7 in Minnesota--a male on the Felton Millard, Dan Miller, Steve Minard, Mark Peterson, Janine Polk, Prairie (KE) and a female at Moorhead (L & CF). A male was seen James Portshair (JPo), Dave Poweil (Mich.), Sam Robbins, Tom July 4 in YellowMedicine (KL). Wisconsinhad its first documented Schultz (TSc), Jeri Schwerin, Dick Sharp, Ellen Slater, Lorraine Baird's Sparrowwhen one was discoveredby BrouchoudJune 16 in Smith, Roy Smith, Tom Smythe,Charles Sontag, Jim Steffen,Keith Manitowoc. A wave of Wisconsinbirders saw the cooperative bird in & Shelley Steva, Charlotte Taylor, Daryl Tessen(Wis.), Steven the ensuingdays during which time it wasphotographed and banded. Thiessen, Dar Tiede (DTi), Dave VanAppledoorn (DVa), Dick It remained until late July. For the third consecutivesummer, Hens- Verch, J. Ware, GeorgeWickstrom, Steve Wilson & Mary Shield, 1ow'sSparrows were found in n.w. Minnesota,300 mi away from the Terry Wiens, Tom Will (TWi), Truman Wolford (TWo), Winnie traditionals.e. range.More Sharp-tailedSparrow reports occurred in Woodmansee, Paul Young, Tom Ziebell, Dave Zumeta•DARYL D. n.w. and n.c. Minnesota, with the species possibly being more TESSEN, 2 PioneerPark Place, Elgin, Ill. 60120.

MIDDLEWESTERN PRAIRIE REGION /Bruce G. Peterjohn DA•. ' • vv,•,. -i, '-.' ',,- Climatic conditions and bird observations were unremarkable this season.June was noticeablycooler than normalwhile July was hot andsultry. Precipitation varied considerably across the Regionwith manylocally severe storms. Rainfall was generally greatest in Iowa, •.... .K • DesiowaMoines Ci••o•)• Peoria..... •;• •M•h•n,Dunes Toleda Missouri and Illinois but deficient in Ohio. These weather conditions had little effect on bird populations...... ' •-'- ...... •QVmcv• .....• Indianapolis - ß i•incinnati•[ L•l•- Mostspecies had a successfulbreeding season although some marsh nesterswere detrimentallyaffected by highwater levels.Established ansas• '.LL IN rangeexpansions by Tree Swallow,Veary, White-eyedVireo, Yel- J KANS. l 't sl4•il• • _ZL•ui low-throatedand Kentucky warblers, Orchard Oriole, Rose-breasted andBlue grosbeaks continued. Most noteworthy events were the first HouseFinch sightings in Iowa andfirst Illinois breeding record while nestingGolden-crowned Kinglets at Indianapoliswere without precedentfor the Region. I.•'••''"_• CrabOrchard...... •- KY. ]•:

Volume36, Number6 981 A numberof specialstudies proreded valuable •nformat•on for th•s N.W.R., Mo., through June 15 (GW, m.ob.), Pang-neckedDucks at summary.In Missouri, surveysof the state'sheronries and its marsh- Louisville July 5-27 (S, FS) and Big Piney R., Mo., June 15 (JW), a nestingbirds providedmany noteworthyobservations. Similar infor- Pang-neckedDuck x Lesser Scauphybrid at New L., WoodburyCo, mation resultedfrom surveysof variousIllinois conservationareas as Ia., June26 (?JS),two Greater Scaupat New L., Ia., June6 (?JS)and well as from the fledglingefforts of the Ohio Breeding Bird Atlas. one at ChicagoAug. 1 (JL), singleCom. Goldeneyesat Davenport, Only the highlightsof thesesurveys could be includedbelow. Ia., June 16-July17 (Pet al.) and Roscoe,II1., June4 (DW) and a Surf As usual, all extraordinarysight records must be thoroughlydocu- Scoter at Oregon, O., June 29 (?JP). mented at the time of observation. All documented records have been It was a good seasonfor breedingwaterfowl. Only one Gadwall denotedby a dagger(?). broodwas located at Oregon,O. (LV) whileBlue-winged Teal nested s. to Shelby County, Ill. (KF) and Hamilton, O. (FRe). The only ABBREVIATIONS m O.W.R.: Ottawa N.W.R., O.; M.M.W.A.: Redhead brood was reported from Erie County, O. (TL). Ruddy Magee Marsh W.M.A., O.; Spfld.: Springfield,Ill. Ducks nested at Riverdale, Ill. (JL) and Erie County, O (TL) Breeding Hooded Merganser reports included 3 broods at Lomsa LOONS THROUGH CORMORANTS -- Nonbreeding Com. Preserve,Ia. (Pet al.) and singlebroods at MississippiR., Lock 9, Ia Loons lingeredthrough mid-June at severallocations and summered (T et al.), Union County ConservationArea (PK) and Spfld. (H) A at Killdeer Res., O. (JMc), Alum Creek Res., O. (J) and Summit L., solitary two-thirdsgrown Red-breastedMerganser was discovered Ind. (BJ). Eared Grebes did not successfullynest at Riverdale, II1., along the Rocky R., in Cleveland June 10; it was later observed this year (JL). In Iowa, as many as 18 summeringgrebes were approachingadult size (M). How this solitaryyoung bird appeared•n reported from 4 s.w. lakes. Pied-billed Grebes were reasonably Cleveland remains a mystery. successful.Five Illinois breeding reports included immatures at Union County ConservationArea (PK) and ChampaignCounty DIURNAL RAPTORS -- Black Vultures again nested at M•ngo (RCh). In Missouri, nestingwas attempted at Ted ShanksW.M.A. N.W.R., Mo. while one wanderedto MarshallCounty Conservation (JW, MN), Clarence Cannon N.W.R. (GW) and Springfield(MG) Area, II1., June 22 (?MSn). Mississippi Kites were reported from while at least 20 young were observedat Big Island W.M.A., O. (J). traditional sitesin s. Illinois and s.e. Missouri including27 at Umon White Pelicans summered at 2 Iowa locations including 8-200 in CountyConservation Area (PK). Extralimitalkites appeared •n P•ke Dickinson County (DH) and appearedin Ohio with one at Oregon County, Mo., June 6 (JW, JF) and six at ClarenceCannon N W R, June 21-July 31 + (m.ob., ph.) and three at Winous Pt., Ottawa Co., Mo., June21 (GW). Three Sharp-shinnedHawk nestswere reported July 20 (JP, ph.). The Thomson, II1., Double-crestedCormorant from n.e. Ohio (fide LR) while a few singleswere observed else- colony almost doubled with 194 young raised in 84 nests (SS). where. Small numbers of Cooper's Hawks were reported although Summeringbirds were reportedfrom 21 locations,mostly in Illinois, only 5 nestswere discovered.Red-shouldered Hawks were reported Iowa andalong L. Erie whereadditional nesting colonies may soonbe in normal numbers for recent years. The most stable populations discovered. appear to occur in s.e. Missouri. Small numbersof Broad-w•nged Hawks were scattered across all states and Swainson's Hawks sum- HERONS --Missouri's heronry surveyuncovered 103 Great Blue meredat 2 sitesin Iowa and one in Missouri. A Rough-leggedHawk •n Heron colonies with 5-140 nests. Only 4 of these coloniesare located PocahontasCounty, Ia., June 13 was late (?RC, WJ). n. of the Missouri R. (JW). Green Herons received mixed reports Bald Eagleshad another successfulyear. Ohio's sevenpairs rinsed although some local populationsappear to be stable. Little Blue nine young (six natural, three foster--LV). Elsewhere, two young Herons may be increasingslightly with 450 nests near Minor, Mo. fledgedat Crab Orchard N.W.R., Ill. (MSw), one youngfledged •n (PH, JW) and 250 in Madison County, Ill. (K et al.). Nonbreeders n.e. Iowa (fide BH) and Missouri's two pairs producedone young were reported from 5 locationsn. to the Great Lakes. BreedingCattle althoughthis eagle was orphanedand had to be raisedin a hacking Egrets included 1000+ nestsnear Minor, Mo. (PH, JW), 250 nestsin tower (fide JW). Marsh Hawks were reportedin slightlyimproved Madison County, Ill. (K et al.), 6+ nestsat O.W.R. (EP) and eight numbers.Missouri nests were locatedin Clay County(CMi), Prairie juveniles at L. Renwick, Ill. (JL, JM). Nonbreeders were found at 7 S.P. (MS) and WhetstoneW.M.A. (TH). Summeringpairs and sin- Iowa locations while 150 were observed near Lexington, Mo., in gles were found at 4 additional sites in Missouri, 4 Iowa counties, 2 earlyJune (N J). The Missouriheronry survey also discovered 4 Great sites in s. Indiana, n. Ohio and Illinois and in MuhlenbergCounty, Egret colonies(JW) while 5 colonieswith 2-61 nestswere reported Ky. (AB, BP). Summering Ospreys were noted at 10 locations •n from Illinois. The only known Snowy Egret colonies contained 7 Ohio, Kentucky, Iowa and Illinois. An imm. c• PeregrineFalcon was nestsnear Minor, Mo., and 3 nestsat MadisonCounty, Ill. Seventeen found injurednear Conway, Mo., July 22 and died the next day (DT, Snowy Egretsat M.M.W.A., July 17 (JP) may indicatea smallcolony EN). This specimen provided the first summer record for M•ssour• exists in n. Ohio. Single egretsalso appearedat Illinois Beach S.P., American Kestrelsremain abundant, exhibiting a 120%increase over II1., June30 (JM, KK) and Atterbury W.M.A,, Ind., July 8 (BG, GB). 1981 levels on Illinois game surveys (JE1). Louisiana Herons were noted at HorseshoeL., I11.,through June 1 (BR) and intermittently at M.M.W.A., throughJuly 17 (JP). Black- GROUSE THROUGH COOTS -- The Missouri Greater Prairie crowned Night Herons remain stablewith approximately1300 nests Chicken population was estimated at 7000-8000birds this year at O.W.R. (EP), 500+ nestsat Madison County, II1., 400+ youngin Bobwhiteexperienced a local recoveryin s. areasas exemphfiedby SanduskyBay, O. (JP) and 1-4 smallercolonies in Illinois, Iowa and 58 at SycamoreS.P., O., June 12 (B & CB). Numbersin n. areaswere Missouri. Concentrationsof 35-100 + night heronswere also reported sharplyreduced as a result of last winter's severeweather. Sandhdl from Indiana and Kentucky. Yellow-crowned Night Herons were Cranes nestedat Chain O'Lakes S.P., II1., for the secondyear •n a discoveredat 1'7locations. Seven at UnionCounty Conservation row (JN). King Rails were discovered at 9 sites in all states except Area, Ill. (PK) comprisedthe largestreported concentration while a Indiana. Nesting was reported from Ted ShanksW.M.A., Mo (JW, nest with 4 young at Cleveland was locally unusual (M). Least FR), L. Elsea, Mo. (MN), Chain O'Lakes S.P., Ill. (SH, JN) and 5 Bitterns were present in all n. Missouri marshesand were widely locationsin Goose Lake Prairie S.P., Ill. (DB). Virginia Rails were reported from Iowa, Ohio and Illinois with nestings. to L. Mermet widely reportedin n. Illinois including16 pairsat ChainO'Lakes S P Conservation Area, Ill. (MSw). A maximum of 20 was found at (SH, JN). A young Virginia Rail at SpringValley W.M.A., O , was Marais Temps Clair W.M.A., Mo. (BR et al.). The Am. Bittern locally unusual(BT). Sixteen pairs of Soraswere estimatedat Chmn decline continued with nestingonly at Lake County, Ill. (SH) and O'Lakes S.P. while an immature at Marais Temps Clair W M A, Marais•emps Clair W.M.A., Mo. (FR)plus singles at 3 other Mo., June 26 was unusually far s. (BR). Common Gallinules were locations. Three Glossy Ibises were well describedat Little Bean widespreadin n.e. Illinois but scarcein the w. Lake Erie marshes Marsh, Mo., June 10 (?JW, MN) while unidentifiedPlegadis ibises Scattered reports from other states included a nest at Clarence were reportedfrom singlesites in Iowa and Ohio. A White Ibis was Cannon N.W.R., Mo. (GW). Normal numbersof Am. Coots were briefly observedin n.e. Indiana July 27 (?JR). foundin n. marshesbut a nest at Marais TempsClair W.M.A, Mo, was unusually far s. (MN et al.). Summer reports from Hopkins WATERFOWL -- Nonbreeding waterfowl provided the more County,Ky. (JH), Danville, Ky. (FL) andWabash County, Ill (LHa) unusual records. Noteworthy summering reports included two were unexpected. White-frontedGeese in Story County, Ia., July 31 (HZ), Black Ducks at Union County ConservationArea, II1., June 15 (PK) and Spring- field, Mo., July 28 (GD, MG), a c• CinnamonTeal at ClarenceCannon SHOREBIRDS --The usualassortment of late springmigrants or

982 Amencan Birds, November 1982 nonbreederslingered well into June. Small numbersof fall migrants scarceexcept for 115at MississippiR., Lock 9, Ia., July 18 (DK, JS) were widely reportedby late Juneand early July. The Julymovement was heaviest along L. Erie where numbers peaked in mid-July but declinedconsiderably by month's end. CUCKOOS THROUGH WOODPECKERS -- Yellow-billed Two PipingPlovers in Monona County, Ia., June4-19 "could have Cuckoos were widespread although numbers were down at some nested"(JS et al.). Fall migrantswere limited to 2-3 in Pottawatamie localities.Few Black-billedCuckoos were reported.A Barn Owl nest County, Ia., July 10-18 (B & LP) and one at Lorain, O., July 12 (TL). in Wayne County, O., producedfive young (fide BS) while another at Small numbersof Am. Golden Plovers were reported from 4 states Schell-OsageW.M.A., Mo., was unsuccessful.Additional reports after July 17. Ruddy Turnstoneslingered through June 11 at Michigan included singleowls at Rebel's Cove W.M.A., Mo., June 12 (MN, JF) City, Ind. (SJ) and Killdeer PlainsW.M.A., O. (JMc). BreedingCom. and Lawrence County, Ind., July 12 plus a road-killed bird near Snipewere only found at GooseLake Prairie S.P., 111.,during June Bloomington, Ind. (fide JC). In n.w. Ohio, Screech Owl breeding (DB) Whimbrel were observed along L. Erie with a late spring successwas similar to last year with 50 young producedin 16 nests migrantJune 2 and singlesat 2 locationsJuly 23-26. Normal numbers (LV). At least 13 Barred Owls fledgedat Marshall County Conserva- of Upland Sandpiperswere reprot•d fi'om Iowa, Ohio and Illinois tion Area, À••. (MSn). A Burrowing Owl was present in Monona while increases were indicated from w. and n.c. Missouri. Willets County, Ia., June 3-July 20 (BH) while the only Short-earedOwl was appearedat 19locations beginning June 25 with six at Willow Slough, reported from Green River ConservationArea, II1., June 14 (MB) Ia (BW) andone at Michigan City, Ind. (SJ). Largestflocks consisted Saw-whet Owls nested in Illinois for the first time since 1966 with a of 20 at Colo, la., July 5 (HZ) and 17 at Cleveland July 7 (M). A juvenile in s. Cook County June 12 (PD) and another at Joliet July 1 concentrationof 1700Lesser Yellowlegsat Winous Pt., Ottawa Co., (JM). A juv. Saw-whet Owl capturedin Bay Village, O., June 26 O , July 20 was noteworthy (JP, LR). SingleRed Knots were reported indicated probable nesting there (SA). SummeringChuck-will's- from 3 L. Erie sitesduring the period. Short-bifledDowitchers were widows were reported from traditional sitesin all n. statesalthough particularlynumerous along L. Erie with 6400 at Winous Pt., July 20 nestingwas only confirmedat Eddyville, Ia., where one youngwas (JP, LR). observed(TS, TD). Local declinesin Com. Nighthawk populations A Long-billed Dowitcher at Riverton W.M.A., Ia., June 11 (RS) continue to be reported. Ruby-throatedHummingbirds received was unexpected;small numbers were notedalong L. Erie duringJuly. mixed reports from "local increases"in Kentucky to "normal" in Stilt Sandpiperswere widely reportedduring July with a maximumof Iowa to "generally down" in Missouri. Red-headedWoodpeckers are 120 at Winous Pt., O., July 20 (JP, LR). Western Sandpiperslingered doing well and do not deserve Blue-listed status in this Region throughJune 12 at Illinois Beach S.P., Ill. (JL). July migrantswere Yellow-bellied Sapsuckersare regular in n.e. Iowa where 17 were spnnkledacross the Great Lakes includingsix at Hammond,Ind., observed in Allamakee and Clayton Counties June 12-19 including July 18 (KB). Two summeringMarbled Godwits at M.M.W.A., one pair with young (DK, T et al.). One near KeosauquaJune 4 was exhibited territorial behavior and could have nested (JP). Fall mi- unusual in s.c. Iowa (JS). grantsincluded one at Michigan City, Ind., July 12 (?SJ)and five at M M W.A., July 19 (CH). The only HudsontanGodwit appearedat Wlnous Pt., July 26 (J, JP). Followingthis spring'sinvasion, single <3 FLYCATCHERS THROUGH CREEPERS --Western Kingbirds Ruffs at GibsonCounty, Ind., June26 (?CMI et al., ph.) and Killdeer are expandingE in Missouri. They were "almostcommon" at Kansas PlainsW.M.A., O., June 27 (?JMc) were anticlimactic.Up to eight City andappeared e. to ThomasHill Res. (MR). They were alsofairly numerous in extreme w. Iowa. An extralimital bird wandered to Am Avocets were reported along L. Erie while inland sightings included three at Amana, Ia., July seven (CB), one at Ft. Wayne, Union County Conservation Area June 10 (?PK). Scissor-tailed lnd, July 7 (?THe) and one at Killdeer PlainsW.M.A., O., July 25 (J, Flycatchersare alsoexpanding NE in Missouriwith birdsto Macon CH) NestingWilson's Phalaropeswere not discoveredthis year. Fall County (MR) and near Belgrade (BL et al.). A male wandered to migrants included a maximum of 11 along L. Erie and scattered Argenta, I11.,July 4 (?MBr et al.). A late Yellow-bellied Flycatcher singlesinland. ReturningN. Phalaropesincluded one at Hammond, was noted at Chicago June 12 (JL). Acadian Flycatchers may be Ind, July 15 (?SJ) and 1-5 at two L. Erie sites. increasingin Iowa and n. Illinois. Willow Flycatchers were widely residentin n. areasbut rather local in the s. A summeringbird at Elk GULLS, TERNS -- A GlaucousGull lingeredthrough June 4 at Creek, Ky., was unusual(JH). SummeringAlder Flycatcherswere discovered at 2 sites in n.w. Indiana and 3 in n. Ohio with maxima of Chicago.An imm. Great Black-backedGull at Michigan City June22- 25 provided an unusual summer sighting for L. Michigan (?SJ). 10 at Beverly Shores, Ind. (SJ et al.) and Streetsboro,O. (LR). As Iowa's secondGreat Black-backedGull record was providedby a many as six pairs of Least Flycatchers were reportedfrom 6 n. 111inois locations while smaller numbers were scattered across other n well-describedadult at W. Okoboji L., July 14 (?LH, ?DH, m.ob.). Hemng Gulls had a successfulnesting season at L. Calumet, II1., and states. Unusual summering records included singles in Gibson in Sandusky Bay, O. Ring-billed Gulls continued to thrive at L. County, Ind. (CMI), near Oxford, O. (J1)and Davenport, Ia. (P). Calumet where 380 young were countedJuly 15 (JL). Nonbreeding Tree Swallowscontinued their S expansionthrough Kentucky with Rlng-billedswere more numerousat inlandlakes and rivers than they nestsat Kentucky L. (JE), CampbellCounty P. (EG), Long Run S.P havebeen in the past. SummeringLaughing Gulls returned to the (S, FS) and MuhlenbergCounty (AB, BP). Nesting successwas good Greak Lakes with two at Michigan City throughJune 22 (?SJ), one at in n. areaswith 118young fledged from 35 nestsin Cook County, Ill Lorain, O., July 13-31(m.ob.) and one at ChicagoJune 26 (JL). The (PD). Reports of nesting Bank Swallowswere normal; the Dallas only inland sightingwas of two at Big River S.F., II1., June10 (?LM). City, I11.colony still contained2000 nests(K). July migrantsincluded Juvenile Franklin's Gulls were noted in Dickinson County, Ia., July 3500 at Winous Pt., July 20 (JP, LR). Increasedreports of breeding 17-19 (BH). Summeringbirds were reported from 2 Iowa locations Cliff Swallowswere encouraging.Largest colonieshad 250 nestsin and 6 sitesthroughout Illinois. Two or more imm. Little Gulls were Taney County, Mo. (JW) and 209 nestsin Holmes County, O. (JFr) observedat various L. Erie locationsduring the period. Smallercolonies were reportedfrom other statesincluding 5 breeding At least 16 pairsof Forster'sTerns nestedat ChainO'Lakes S.P., sitesin Kentucky. Judgingfrom the few reports,Purple Martins hada providingIllinois' first breedingrecord in recent years (JN). Small fairly successfulyear. The only roost supported6000-7000 martins at numbers of summeringbirds were scattered across the n. states Springfield,Mo. (fide CBo). None wasfound at JeffersonCity, Mo., where additional nesting attempts may be expected. July migrants where there is normally a large roost. Carolina Chickadees are were widespreadin small numbers. Common Terns nestedat Wauke- spreadingN at Ft. Wayne, Ind., wherethey are replacingthe Black- gan, Ill., where 24 pairs fledged 16 young (MSw, K). The nesting cappeds(JHa). In addition to the springnesting reports, two young colonyat Oregon,O., was a completefailure this year and many of Red-breastedNuthatches were observedat Kent, O., June 12 (LR) these birds were thought to have moved elsewhereto breed (LV). Brown Creepers were locally numerous in n. Illinois with 23 at Few migrants were reported, even along the Great Lakes. Nesting Marshall County ConservationArea (MSn) and a "sizablepopula- Least Terns were not discoveredalthough 1-2 were observedat 4 w. tion" at SanganoisConservation Area (AR). ScatteredJune records lowa locationsand singlesappeared at Michigan City July 11 (?KB) in other n. states likely representbreeding birds. These summer and LouisvilleJuly 14 (LRa). SummeringCaspian Terns were widely sightingsincluded creepers at Spfld. (H) and Union CountyConser- noted at inland sites and along the Great Lakes where the maximum vation Area (PK). count was 47. Black Terns nested at 4 n. Illinois l$cations but none were reportedfrom marshesin n.w. Indiana and n.w. Ohio. A few WRENS THROUGH SHRIKES -- House Wrens continued summeringbirds were reported elsewherewhile July migrantswere their expansionin w. Kentucky but receivedmixed reportselse-

Volume 36, Number 6 983 where Four Winter Wrens were observedat their GeaugaCounty, Hooded Warblersare increasingm mostareas In Iowa, summering O., nestinglocation July 16(LR). Bewick'sWrens were thoughtto be birds at Amana Woods (CB, m.ob.) and Polk County (fide HZ) were recoveringat Springfield,Mo., but were only noted at 2 w. Kentucky suspectedof nesting.Small numbersof CanadaWarblers returned to sites. Farther n., two were found at Olney, Ill., June4 (LHa), one at their regular summeringareas. American Redstartsreceived mixed Marshalltown, la., July 4-23 (?FM et al.) and one was banded in reports although31 were residentat one n.e. Iowa site (DK). Wapello County, la. (DJ). Improved numbers of Carolina Wrens were evident in s. areasalthough the speciesis still two-thirdsbelow BLACKBIRDS THROUGH SPARROWS -- Bobolinks were 1978levels in Kentucky. They remain quite scarcein c. and n. areas. regularly reported including 3-4 at 2 n. Kentucky locations and Nesting Long-billed Marsh Wrens could not be located in the Mis- nestingbirds in 5 n.w. Missouricounties. Away from established souri marsh survey but numbersin n. Illinois were good with 50 + summering areas, W. Meadowlarks were noted in Champaign pairs at Chain O'Lakes S.P. (JN, SH). Short-billed Marsh Wrens County, Ill. (RCh), PickawayCounty, O. (JFr) and Union County, O were numerousin n. Illinois where the largestconcentration was 16+ (J). Yellow-headed Blackbirds returned to their regular summering at Chain O'Lakes S.P. (JN, SH). Few were reported elsewherewith marshesfrom n.w. Ohio to n.w. Missouri. Noteworthy concentra- birds s. to Adair County, Mo., June 12 (MN) and Spfld. (H). tions included46 youngat L. Calumet, Ill. (JL) and 22 malesat Little Mockingbirdpopulations were similarto last year's althougha few Bean Marsh, Mo. (JW, MN). Orchard Orioles continued their N more birds were found in n. areas. An unusual double nest con- expansion.As manyas six Brewer'sBlackbirds were noted at Illinois structedby an Am. Robin was recoveredfrom a railroad tank car in BeachS.P., Ill. where a nest with five youngwas discoveredJune 30 Louisville during April (fide DS). Veery reports increased dra- (JL, JM, KK). A Great-tailed Grackle was observedat Springfield, matically with 2-16 birds at many sitesin Iowa, n. Illinois and n.w. Mo., June 14 (GD). Fewer SummerTanagers were found in n areas Indiana. Their range expansionS includeda juvenile at Indianapolis althoughthey nestedat IroquoisCounty Conservation Area, Ill (EH) June 14 (LP) and summeringbirds at Summit L., Ind. (BJ), Fairfield and a pair was found at Marble Rock, Ia. (JMm). County, O (D & KP) and Coles County, Ilk (LHu). It was a successful The S-expandingRose-breasted Grosbeak nested at Dayton, O year for E. Bluebirdsand populationshave completelyrecovered in (fide CM) and s. Shelby County, Ill. (KF) while summeringreports mostareas. Without precedentin the RegionGolden-crowned King- includedone near Demunbrun,Ky. (WM). A $ Black-headedGros- lets nested at Indianapolis where a fledglingwas observedMay 27 beak was adequately described at Decorah, Ia., July 29 (tJMm) (LP). Cedar Waxwings were plentiful in n. areas while numbers in Increased numbers of Blue Grosbeakswere visible in portions of s. Ohio and Kentucky were low. Increasedsightings of Loggerhead Kentucky and Indiana while one appearedat Goose Lake Prairie Shrikes in Iowa and w. Kentucky were encouraging.Elsewhere, 7 S.P., Ill., June7 (DB). In s.w. Missouri, 1-3 PaintedBuntings were reportsfrom c. and n. Illinois, 2 from s. Indiana and one from Ohio located at Springfield(GD), Stone County (PB, TB) and 2 Barry were normal for recent years. County sites (PB, TB). Dickcisselsreceived mixed reports from e. statesalthough several new colonieswere discoveredin Ohio They remain stablein w. states.Noteworthy summerPurple Finch VIREOS, WARBLERS -- White-eyed Vireos continued to in- observationsincluded a pair at Springfield,O., June8 (JG) andone at creasein n. states,especially Illinois. Bell'sVireos werenot detected Michigan City July 30 (KB). at any new locationsbut increasednumbers in Illinois included20 at Goose Lake Prairie S.P. (DB) and 14 at Des Plaines Conservation Area (JM, JO). As many as 12 SolitaryVireos were found at scattered The HouseFinch W-expansion continuedunabated. Illinois' sites in e. Ohio where they locally nest. Single vireos at Marshall first nesting record was provided by a pair with 4 young at County ConservationArea, Ill., June6-24 (?MSn) and MichiganCity Robinson June 18-20 (tFW) and 1-2 birds were also reported July 23 (tKB) were probablynonbreeders. from Urbana and Spfld. Nesting was confirmedat Louisville Black-and-white Warblers increased in s. Missouri where 21 were and in Indiana at Huntington, Ft. Wayne, Decatur and Frank- countedin Barry County June 18-19(MM). They were also reported lin. Iowa's first House Finches were discovered this summer from 3 sites in c. and n. Illinois and 2 in n.w. Iowa. Noteworthy with a male banded and photographedat Ottumwa June 26 ProthonotaryWarbler observationsincluded w. Iowa reportsfrom (tDJ) and one at Perry duringmid-July (tEA, iT, m.ob., ph ) Riverton W.M.A. (RS) and Monona County (JS) and 24+ malesat Marshall County ConservationArea (MSn). Swainsoh'sWarblers in s. Butler County, Mo., June9 (DKu) and Union County Conservation Pine Siskinslingered well into Junein all states.Additional breed- Area June 4-10 (PK) were at new summer locations. Worm-eating ing reportscame from Joliet, Ill. (JM), Morrison, Ill. (P) and Cass Warblers increased in s.w. Ohio and Missouri while 2 c. Illinois County, Mo. where three fledglingsobserved June 6 provided a reportsincluded 17 at Siloam SpringsS.P. (GS). A few more Golden- secondnesting record for Missouri (JGa et al.). Two Red Crossbills winged Warblers were observedwith 1-5 males at 2 n. Ohio and 3 remained at Urbana, Ill. through June 12 (RCh). n. Illinois sitesplus sightingsat Dayton, O., June4-6 (B & CB et al.) SummeringSavannah Sparrows at Spfld. (H) and Butler County, and Siloam SpringsS.P., Ill., June 19 (AD). "Brewster's" Warblers O. (FRe, NW) were farther s. than normal. GrasshopperSparrows were discoveredat singlelocations in Iowa, Illinois and Ohio. Sum- received mixed reports but remain locally numerous.Henslow's mer TennesseeWarbler reportswere limited to a male at Monmouth, Sparrowsdeclined somewhatbut were still fairly widespread They Ill., June 26 (LM) and two at Chicago July 16-30 (PC, HR). An were reportedfrom 8 n. Illinois locations,7 prairiesin w. and s w unmated c• Nashville Warbler summeredin Lorain County, O. (JP). Missouri plus scatteredsites elsewhereincluding 2 in Muhlenberg SummeringN. Parulasat Ledges S.P., Ia. (JD et al.), Wildcat Den County,Ky. (AB, BP). Largestcolonies consisted of 32 malesat East S.P., la. (PW, FT) and Hopkins County, Ky. (JH) were locally Fork S.P., O. (NW) and 15+ at Goose Lake Prairie S.P. (DB) noteworthy.A MagnoliaWarbler lingeredthrough June 19 at Chicago Territorial Vesper Sparrowsin Ray County, Mo. (SP) and Jasper (PC, HR) while two were presentat their GeaugaCounty, O., nesting County, Ill. (LHa) were near the S. edgeof their range. The only area (LR). A c• Black-throated Blue Warbler briefly established a Bachman'sSparrows were discoveredin Trigg County, Ky. (CP) and territory at Cleveland June 15-17 (M). Black-throatedGreen War- five in Taney County, Mo., July3 (PB, TB). Dark-eyedJuncos raised blers are not known to nest in Indiana. Hence, June sightingsat four youngin GeaugaCounty, O., July 16 (LR). As many as seven Brown County S.P., Ind., are noteworthy (fide CK). CeruleanWar- territorial Clay-colored Sparrowswere observedat Rockton, Ill, blers declined significantlyin Ohio and Kentucky. The N expanding duringJuly (DW, JL). A White-throatedSparrow lingered at Chicago Yellow-throatedWarbler was observedin JonesCounty, la., July 29 throughJune 19 (HR) while two at Springfield,Mo., July 10-16may (CB), WinnebagoCounty, Ill, July5-25 (DW) and4 c. Illinoissites. As have summered (tGD et al.). many as eightChestnut-sided Warblers were observedat 10 locations mn. stateswhile a nest was discoveredin Fairfield County, O. (D & CORRIGENDA -- The report of 10 Least Bitternsin St. Charles KP). Early migrantwarblers included a Blackpollat M.M.W.A., July County, Mo., Aug. 30, 1981(AB 36: 182)should be deleted. Indiana's 31 (JP) and N. Waterthrush at Chicago July 30 (tPC). Kentucky Marbled Murrelet (AB 36: 300) has beenidentified to the Asiatic race Warblers continuedtheir N expansionand appearedin w. Iowa at Brachyramphus marmoratus perdix, providing the third North Plymouth County (JS). As many as five pairs of Mourning Warblers Americanrecord of thisrace (see AB 35:911-912).This specimenwas nestedat ChainO'Lakes S.P. (SH, JN) andothers summered in Lake taken at Yellowwood L., Brown Co., not L. Monroe as previously County, Ill. (SH) and Beverly Shores, Ind. (SJ). Yellow-breasted reported. Satisfactory documentationhas been provided for the Chats may be increasingin n. areasbut have declinedin Kentucky. Rose-breastedGrosbeak at an Evanston, I11.feeder Dec. 13, 1981-

984 American Birds, November 1982 Jan. 6, 1982 (AB 36: 301). This winter record is now considered J. Ingold, B. Jackson, S. Jackson, W. Jardine, D. Johnson, N. John- acceptable. son, Charles Keller (Indiana), P. Kittle, K. K!ick, D. Koenig (DK), D. Kurtz (DKu), J. Landing, T. LePage, B. Lewis, F. Loetscher, CONTRIBUTORS -- (Sub-regional editor's names in boldface W. Mason, C. Mathena (CM), J. McCormac (JMc), M. McHugh, type; contributors are requested to send their reports to these L. McKeown, J. McMahon (JMm), C. Mills (CM!), J. Milosevich editors.) Major contributors:(H) Dave Bohlen, (J-)Bruce Peterjohn (JM), C. Milsaps (CMi), F. Moore, J. Neal, M. Nelson, E. Nichols, (Ohio), (K) Vernon Kleen (Illinois), (M) William Klamm, (P) Peter J. Olson, B. & L. Padelford, B. Palmer-Ball, S. Patti, L. Peavler, Petersen, (S) Anne Stature (Kentucky), (T) Tom Kent (Iowa). Other C. Peterson, D. & K. Petit, E. Pierce, J. Pogacnik, A. Raim, L. Rauth observers and reporters included: S. Adamson, E. Armstrong, (LRa), F. Reid (FR), J. Reinoehl, F. Renfrow (FRe), M. Romine, T. Barksdale, A. Barron, P. Bauer, G. Bell, C. Bendorf(CB), B. & C. L. Rosche (LR), B. Rudden, H. Rylaarsdam, J. Schaufenbuel, Berry, D. Birkenholz, C. Bonner (CBo), M. Bricker (MBr), G. Schneider, R. Silcock, M. Solecki (MS), F. Stamm, T. Staudt, K. Brock, M. Brown (MB), J. Casttale, R. Chapel (RCh), P. Clyne, B. Stehling,S. Stenquist,D. Summerfield,M. Swan(MSn), M. Sweet R. Cummins (RC), A. Dierkes, J. Dinsmore, G. Dobbs, P. Dring, (MSw), B. Taylor, F. Thompson, D. Tuttle, L. Van Camp, F. Wal- T. Dwyer, J. Ellis (JEI), J. Erwin (JE), J. Faaborg(JF), K. Forcum, den, N. Walker, P. Wickham, D. Williams, B. Wilson, Jim Wilson J. Fry (JFr), J. Gallagher(JG), J. Garrett (JGa), B. Gill, M. Goodman, (Missouri), G. Wolff, H. Zaletel. In addition, many personswho E. Groneman, J. Hancock (JH), D. Harr, L. Harrison (LHa), J. Haw could not be individually acknowledgedsubmitted useful notesto the (JHa), T. Heemstra (THe), P. Heye, S. Hickman, L. Hinshaw (LH), various sub-regional reports.---BRUCE G. PETERJOHN, 105-K E. C. Hocevar, E. Hopkins, B. Howe, L. Hunt (LHu), T. Hutton (TH), TiconderogaDr., Westerville,Ohio 43081.

CENTRAL SOUTHERN REGION /Jerome A. Jackson

It was a comparativelycool summer acrossthe Midsouth with a relatively dry June but a very wet July along the Gulf Coast. CJreg Jacksoncommented that it seemedto be raining or threateningto rain all the time in Mobile, and Judy Toups notedthat Gulfport had more than 12 inchesof rain in July. Seabirdsseemed to hold their own this year, althoughpopulations were drasticallydown on the spoilisland west of Petit Bois Island, Mississippi.Catastrophe at the human-bird interface along the Mississippi coast was averted this year over the busy Fourth of July holiday by the hiring of off-duty policemento patrol colony sites. Hats off to the Guff Coast Audubon Society! With the Dauphin Island bridge open once again, birders have easy accessto one of the best birding areas in the nation. Unfortunately there are no stoppingareas to allow views of Little Dauphin Island, although it continuesto be quite a productive area. I do not recom- mend summerweekends for visiting Dauphin Island unlessyou are interested in experiencingwhy barrier islands should not be de- veloped. It has been three years since a spring flood destroyed the dam at Bluff Lake, Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge, and almost a year since the new dam was completed.Since the flood, no power boats and no fishing have been allowed on the lake and the birds have respondeddramatically. This year the cypressswamp at the west end of the lake supported nesting Anhingas, Great Egrets, Yellow- County, Miss., May 29-June6 (JT, CR). Although there was only one crowned Night Herons, and Great Blue Herons where none has report of White Pelicansthis season,the 1500 + at Grand I., La., June previously nested.Current plansare to reopenthe lake to motorboats 20 (JR, DM, MM, DP) perhaps compensated for their absence and fishermenin a year or two. After three yearsof no fishing,now elsewhere! A sick first-year •?Masked Booby was pickedup by oil rig would be a good time to establisha policy that favors wildlife-- workersca 100mi s. of Cameron,La., June30 or July I andultimately elimination of motors from the lake and closingof nestingareas might ended up as a specimenat L.S.U. Anhinga records from Mississippi be a good compromise. suggestedthey had a good year: one was seen over 1-10, Harrison Best birds of the seasonhave to be the nestingSwallow-tailed Kites Co., July 24 (JT), another at Hillside N.W.R., Holmes Co., Aug. 2 near Vancleave, Mississippi,Peregrines at Oxford, Mississippiand (JM, HM), and 6 nests at Bluff L., Noxubee N.W.R., were the first Baton Rouge, a Masked Booby and a Black-leggedKittiwake off the nest records for that area (JJ, MD). Louisianacoast, a PomafineJaeger in Florida, and aRed Phalaropein A Great Blue Heron colony west of Tontitown, Benton Co., Ark., Alabama. Birds showingfurther breedingrange expansionsthis year was successfulthis year after havingbeen "shot-up" in 1981(JN); one included Anhinga, Black-necked Stilt, Horned Lark, Tree Swallow, pair nested at Bluff L., Noxubee N.W.R. (JJ). The Green Heron Barn Swallow, Gray Catbird, and Great-tailed Grackle. Speciesin colony on an island in the TennesseeR., at Decatur, Ala., was active trouble seemed to include Bewick's Wren, American Kestrel, and againthis year, with numbersapproximating those of the past2 years Loggerhead Shrike. Tweet of the season goes to J. Neal for an (DC, SH); there were at least 8 Green Heron nestsat P.R.M., June 6 observation of a Brown Thrasher feeding a fledgling Rufous-sided (JT). A Reddish Egret was on Horn I., Miss., June I (JT et al.), two Towhee. were seen July 18 and one July 27 at Gulf Shores, Ala. (D & GJ). A Snowy Egret in the company of I 1 Little Blue Herons was an LOONS THROUGH IBISES -- Common Loons were notably uncommon sight at L. Sequoyah, WashingtonCo., Ark., June 2 (JN, absent from n. Gulf Coast reports this summer, although one was BSa). An imm. Louisiana Heron appeared at Blount Pond near seen at Wheeler N.W.R., in n. Alabama July 28 (RBI. An adult and Hickory, Miss., July 29-Aug. 1 (JM). It seems that everywhere I two downy youngPied-billed Grebes at the PascagoulaRiver marsh travelled in Mississippi this summer I found Yellow-crowned Night (hereafter, P.R.M.) June 19 providedpossibly a first breedingrecord Herons: feeding in a muddy plowed field along the Natchez Trace for the Mississippi Gulf Coast (JT, CR); two juveniles there July 17 near Jackson, stealingbait at a dock in Gulf port, perchedon a service suggestedthey were successful(J J, BS, OD, JT). Up to six (including station sign in West Point, and ever present at Bluff L., Noxubee one adult) Brown Pelicans were along the Gulf Coast in Jackson N.W.R. A lone Least Bittern was found June 9 at Faulkner L.,

Volume 36, Number 6 985 Faulkner Co, Ark (RC et al ) After a few years with no Wood Stork Galhnules and a lone Com Galhnule were found June 8-15 at Faulk- records,scattered individuals appeared around Mississippi this sum- ner L. (RC et al.), and both specieswere found with youngat Pace, mer: one near West Point July 23 (BR), two at Bluff L., Noxubee Fla. (BM, JS). Only nestingCorn. Gallinuleswere found at P R M, N.W.R., Aug. 3 (JJ); eight Wood Storks were found near the June 6 (JT). OuachitaR., Ark., July 31 (HM, JF, H & MP). A "Glossy" Ibis was a Snowy Ploversnested successfully on Horn and West Ship Is, and rare find at Gulf Breeze, Fla., July 25 (B, L & SD, P & BT), and an in the Least Tern colony at Gulfport (JJ, BS, OD, JT), and sevenwere lmm. White Ibis July 27 was reported as a first for Memphis (JS). countedon Santa Rosa I., Fla., June 26 (PT, CM). Wilson's Plovers had young at P.R.M., June 6-19 (JT, CR), and a high of ten was WATERFOWL -- Years ago Canada Geese from the Midwest reported from Dauphin I., July 27 (G & DJ). The new School of were establishedas a pinionedbreeding flock at Noxubee N.W.R. Veterinary Medicine at MississippiSt. Univ. has an enormouscom- The pinionedbirds were eventuallysent to anotherrefuge and their plexofgravelled roof tops(7 + acres)which has proven too attractive descendantsat Noxubee have prospered.So much so that they now for Killdeer. More thana dozennests of at least4 pairs(color-banded) regularlyleave the refugeand have takenadvantage of local cropsto were found this summerand on hatching,their youngwere moved to the extent that this year refuge personnelhad to trap geeseto ship the ground: all young were "found" by their parents(BS, JJ) Two elsewhere. A q?Mallard was at P.R.M., July 17 (GJ), and a 6 Blue- Black-bellied Plovers at Grand I., June 20 were unusualfor the season wingedTeal was in the samearea at P.R.M., where teal have nestedin (JR, DM, MM, DP). recent years (JJ). A lone Blue-wingedTeal was also found in Santa A late migrantRuddy Tumstonein breedingplumage stopped by Rosa County, Fla., June 26 (BM). A Ring-neckedDuck near Athens Centerton, Ark., June 4, a first for the area (JN, BSa); and an June 28 (DH) and a pair of Lesser Scaupat GuntersvilleL., June 11 additionalturnstone posed for viewersat GrandI., June20 (JR, DM, (MB) may have been summeringin Alabama. On July 20 there was a MM, DP). Whimbrelsare alwaysan excitingfind, but they seemto be pair of Ruddy Ducks at Robco L., Memphis(L & BC), matchinga regularsummer visitors to DauphinI., where one was seenJuly 27 (G similar July record last year. It would not surpriseme to find this & D J). The Upland Sandpiperat New OrleansJuly 24 was a goodfind speciesnesting in the area, sincea few years ago I visited an exotic (JR). At least eight SpottedSandpipers at P.R.M., July 17 showed bird farm near Amory, Miss., and was shownan uncaged"captive" signsof heavy molt from their breedingplumage (JJ, BS, OD, JT) Ruddyon a nestnear a pond.One cannothelp but wonderhow many The dikes at P.R.M. continueto be a goodnesting area for Willets at "range expansions" are really introductions by aviculturists. A •? least eight adults and 10 young were there June 6 (JT). Greater Hooded Merganserat Centerton,Benton Co., Ark., June4 (JN, BSa) Yellowlegsturned up throughoutJune and July: June 4 at Centerton was unusual for the Ozarks. Ark. (JN, BSa); 15 on June20 at Grand I. (JR, DM, MM, DP); July 10 at Bonnet Carre spillway (MW); and 20-25 on July 10-24 at P R M RAPTORS -- Two Black Vultures at L. Leatherwood, Carrol Co., (JT, m.ob.). But Lesser Yellowlegs turned up in greater numbers Ark., establishedan unusualrecord June5 (BSa). A loose "flock" of 120+ July 10 and 200+ July 21-14 at P.R.M. (JT, m.ob.) Early six MississippiKites near SardisRes., PanolaCo., Miss., was quite LesserYellowlegs included one at the Morganza,La. spillwayJune unexpectedMay 22; none was seenin the area in June(MD); six were 18(DG) andtwo at GrandI., La., June20 (JR, DM, MM, DP). JT and also seen at RichardsonLanding, s.w. Tipton Co., Tenn., June 28, m.ob. found three Red Knots on the spoilisland w. of Petit Bo•sI , and otherswere presentin Juneelsewhere in Shelby,Tipton, Lauder- Miss., June 1; and 15 Red Knots were at Grand I., June20 (JR et al ) dale, and Lake cos., Tenn. (B & LC). A highof 56 MississippiKites The annuallate summerconvention of PectoralSandpipers •n the was reported over the Ft. Pillow Prison Farm, Lauderdale Co., Midsouth got off to an early start, or was it a stragglerwho d•dn't Tenn., June 30 (Do & GM). A Swallow-tailedKite nest was found leave, that appearedat Centerton,Ark., June16 (JN, RS). Elsewhere along Bluff Cr., near Vancleave, Miss., June20; about June26, two this speciesshowed up more or less on schedulethe third week of youngfledged (JI). The only Cooper'sHawk reportsfor the period July; one early bird was at New OrleansJuly 17 (JR). As a result of were of single sightingsJuly 18 at Hickory, Miss., and Aug. 2 at low water below Sardis Dam, Panola Co., Miss., White-rumped Hillside N.W.R. (JM). It was apparentlya goodseason for Red-tailed Sandpiperslingered through May 20 (MD), but were the 12 at P R M, Hawks acrossthe Region:one was in JacksonCounty, Miss., May 29 June 6 (JT) also late migrants?And how about the one at the Nat'l (JT, CR); one at Baton Rouge June 14 (VR); one adult and one Fish Hatchery, Marion, Ala., June19 (R & ER) or the five at Grand I, immature in Washington County, Ark., July 8; two at the Bonnet June20 (JR, DM, MM, DP) ?Perhaps we havea few nonbreederswho Carre Spillway near New Orleans July 10 (MW); one at Hillside never leave the South. Least Sandpipersalso hardly seemto have left N.W.R., Aug. 2 (JM, HMo); and one in Scott County, Miss., Aug. 12 the area (150 May 15, 29 on May 20 at SardisDam (MD)) before the (JM). Someof the mostobserved Red-taileds were a pair that fledged southboundmigrants arrived--20+ July 10, 1000+ July 21-24 at two youngfrom a backyardnest in Starkville, Miss., in late May (JJ, P.R.M. (JT, GM, CR, JD), one at New Orleans July 11 (JR) And m.ob.). Red-shouldered Hawks were reported to be scarce in the Dunlins, too, made the June scene:20 (two in breedingplumage) at Tennessee Valley of Alabama (TA), but holding their own in c. P.R.M., June6; four (nonbreedingplumage) at Lakeshore,Hancock Alabama (TI). One Red-shoulderedwas seen in Jackson County, Co., Miss., June 12 (JT); and one June 17 at the Morganzaspillway Miss., May 29 (JT, CR), and three were seenJune 1 in Washington (DG). County, Ark.---one of which was attacked by a Broad-winged Hawk About 15 Short-billed Dowitchers in winter plumage were at (BSa). Other Broad-wingedswere reportedin Jackson(May 29, JT, P.R.M., June6 (JT) and 300+ dowitcherspp. were at GrandI, June CR) and Rankin (July 7, JM) cos., Miss., and at Wheeler N.W.R., 20 (JR et al.). A Long-billedDowitcher at Ft. Pickens,Escambla Co, July 21 (AM). Fla., July 11, was considered to furnish the first summer record for A d' Marsh Hawk s. of Trenton, Tenn., June 19 provideda first the area (PT); at least one of four dowitchersin Lonoke County, Ark, June record for the area (Do & GM); a tragic Marsh Hawk record is July 12 was a Long-billed, asjudged by its breedingplumage (JN) A that of a nest with four nearly grown youngdestroyed by a combine lone Long-billedDowitcher was presentin New OrleansJuly 25 (JR) June24 near Alma, CrawfordCo., Ark. (DwM, fide BB). Ospreys Late and early records of Stilt Sandpiperswere of single birds in June 6 at Beaver L., Benton Co., Ark. (BSa), and June 18 at CameronPar., June 2 (MR, VR, SL) and at PensacolaJuly 16 (PT) Chalmette, St. Bernard Par. (P & NN) were consideredlate for those SemipalmatedSandpiper records included singles at Santa Rosa I, areas. Two PeregrineFalcons graced our skiesthis summer:one near June 26 (PT, CM) and Alabama Pt., Baldwin Co., Ala., July 8 (G & Oxford, Miss., May 1 (MD), and a male at Baton RougeJune 19(JNe, DJ); 20 + July 21, and 100 + July 24 at P.R.M. (JT, GM, JD). About 20 fide JR)--both representedquite unusualrecords for the seasonand W. Sandpiperswere at GrandI., June20 (JR et al.) and50 + arrivedat places.The statusof Am. Kestrelsseems to vary locally aroundthe P.R.M., July 21 (JT, GM). A Buff-breastedSandpiper at P R M , Midsouth: TI reportsonly 3 sightingsall summerat Birmingham;and June 6 furnisheda late springrecord for the area (JT). Ten Marbled B & LC reportthe speciesas uncommon-rarein summerat Memphis Godwits and one Sanderlingat Grand I., June20 (JR et al.) were the and nearby counties. More positive records came from Wheeler only ones reported of those species.An Am. Avocet was also at N.W.R., where the summerpopulation was reported "OK" (TA), and Grand I., June 20 (JR et al.) and at P.R.M., avocet numbersvaned from both the Univ. of Arkansas(Fayetteville) (JN) and Mississippi from sevenin breedingplumage on June6 to 21 on July 10,ten on July St. Univ. (Starkville)(JJ), where nests were found on campus.A male 17, 24 on July 21, and 35 on July 24 (JT, m.ob.). One avocet was at and a female were seenJune 19 in JacksonCounty, Miss., where the PensacolaJuly 31 (PT). Black-neckedStilts nestedagain at P R M, speciesis a rare breeder(JT, CR). with numbersvarying from 25 + on June6 to 84 on July 21; asmany as 20 immatureswere seen(JT, JJ et al.). The third Tennesseerecord for RAILS THROUGH SHOREBIRDS -- Adult and imm. Purple stiltswas of two adultsat sewageponds in s.w. MemphisJuly 20 (B &

986 American Birds, November 1982 LC, mob ), on Aug 1, young stilts were found In the area (JW, FLYCATCHERS THROUGH SWALLOWS -- Near Ozark, mob ). Two stdtswere also seenat Pace, Fla., June 9 (BM). The first Franklin Co., Ark., three bob-tailedScissor-tailed Flycatcher young Wdson'sPhalarope of the seasonwas at P.R.M., July21 (JT, GM). A were out of the nestJuly 9 (JN). Only four Great CrestedFlycatchers Red Phalaropein heavy molt stayedat Alabama Pt., Baldwin Co., were heard along the D'Iberville B.B.S. route in Jackson County, Ala, July 7-9 to become the first summerrecord for Alabama (OF, Miss., May 29, a decline from previousyears (JT, CR). In Washing- MLM, m.ob.). ton County, Ark., Acadian Flycatcherswere found with youngin the The appearanceof a PomarineJaeger at CapeSan Blas, Gulf Co., nestJuly 4 (JN, NE) and elsewherewith dependentyoung out of the Fla, June 19 can only be consideredaccidental and marked a first nest July 28 (JN, RS). June record. At least seven Ring-billed Gulls summeredat P.R.M. The Horned Lark seemed to be on the move this year. While there (JT, m.ob.) and four stayedat SardisDam throughMay 22 (MD). A have beenprevious nesting records for the Midsouth,never havewe singleRing-billed was at L. Pontchartrain,Jefferson Par., July 4 had records from so many places. In Louisiana nestingwas docu- (NN) Perhapsthe best bird of the seasonwas a Black-leggedKit- mentednear BossierCity May 16-29(CMa, SP, ph. to L.S.U.M.Z.) tiwake near Holly Beach, CameronPar., June2 (VR, MR, SL); the and an adultwas seen June 18 at Morganza(DG). In Mississippia pair s•ghtrecord file for this Regioncontains no recordsfrom late May was observedin a bean field near Rolling Fork, Sharkey Co., June 18 (Fla) to late August(Fla.). There were at least 16 ad. Gull-billed (CMc). In Arkansasa malewas displaying near Foreman, Little River Terns that summered at P.R.M., and at least some nested; up to 12 Co., June6 & 20 (ChM, CMa). Tree Swallowsare alsoedging S---this •mmatureswere present July 21 (JT, m.ob.). Two ad. Forster'sTerns year to within a mile of the Mississippiborder at North L., near at a pond nearClermont Harbor, HancockCo., Miss., may have Memphis,where there were 6 nestsin cavitiesin willowsMay 18(B & nested--an adult and two immature-plumagedbirds were present LC). Perhapsa signof thingsto come,one Tree Swallowwas at Pace, June12 (JT). Five Forster'sat Centerton,Ark., July23 were earlyfor Santa Rosa Co., Fla., June 9-13 (BM). Bank Swallowsseem obvi- the Ozarks(JN, RS). CommonTerns nested again at P.R.M., with up ously more limited in distributionbecause of the lack of suitable to sevendependent young seen July 10 (JT) andone fledged young banks for nestingin the coastal plain, but four were still presentat still being fed July 17 (JJ, JT, BS, OD). Elsewhere, one Com. Tern Pace, Fla., June 11 (BM). Nearer the limits of their known breeding apparentlysummered at WheelerN.W.R. (DC); 15were at GrandI., range, 40+ were present June 24 at Wheeler N.W.R. (RR), and a June20 (JR et al.); eightat DauphinI., July 27 (D & GJ); and one at known colony at the n. end of Mud I., near Memphis was not Centerton,Ark., July29: a rare record(JN). LeastTerns nested again occupiedthis year, althougha newcolony was found 15 min. at then. on the "usual"Gulfport beaches and on the roof of the SingingRiver end of Shelby Forest S.P. (B & LC). Additional nestingsites of Barn Mall, Gautier, Miss. In generalit was a routine seasonwith moderate Swallows were discovered as far as 40 mi inland from traditional successes.A Least Tern at Centerton, Ark., July 29 was unusual nestingsites on the coastal islandsof Escambia and Santa Rosa cos., (JN) JT visitedthe spoilisland w. of Petit Bois I., in early Juneand Fla. (CK, FW). Are these birds from the s. populationor from the found no evidence of nesting seabirds.On July 19 I flew over the rapidly expandingpopulations to the n.? Over 100 Cliff Swallows islandand observed what appearedto be 3 nestingcongregations of were at Wheeler N.W.R., June 24 (RR) and a group of 35+ birds Royal and Sandwichterns, probably not totaling over 100 nests-- nested under the old White R. bridge at L. Sequoyah, Washington certainly a drastic changefrom the 6000+ pairs nestingthere last Co., Ark. (JN, CW). PurpleMartins seemedto havea goodyear in c. year An itinerant CaspianTern visited Anderson'sMinnow Farm, Mississippi;there were no extendedcool wet or extremely hot dry Lonoke Co., Ark., July 25 (H & MP). Black Terns were common as spellsand nesting success was much higher than in recentyears (J J). usualalong the Gulf Coast(J J, JT, JR) andthree put in an appearance At Wheeler N.W.R., 500+ martins filled the air June 24 (RR). at Centerton, Ark., June 16 (JN, RS). Black Skimmershad a good yearat Gulfportwith ca. 400young produced on the beach in frontof theVA. hospital(JT, JJ, DGu). Therewere also 30-40 nests on a spoil CROWS THROUGH WARBLERS -- As many as seven Fish island near the Pascagoulashipyards and 40-60 nestson the spoil Crows were at the Clear Cr. Landing, SardisRes., Lafayette Co., island w. of Petit Bois I., July 19 (JJ). Two pairs of skimmers Miss.,June 5 (MD). HouseWrens were reported as common through- attemptedto nestnear Ft. Massachusetts,West ShipI., Miss., but out the Fayetteville, Ark. area this summer(JN), but there were no raccoonsdestroyed both nests(J J). recordsof further range expansionby this species.In Alabama TI considers the Bewick's Wren a lost cause; it has also been several yearssince I haveseen Bewick's Wren in Mississippi;this is certainly DOVES THROUGH WOODPECKERS -- At Choctaw, Bolivar a speciesthat deservesattention. While the CarolinaWren popula- Co , Miss., a pair of Mourning Doves nestedin the sameold Am. tion in EvangelinePar. was considereddown this summer(BO), Robin nest they usedlast year (NH). Yellow-billed Cuckoosseemed alongthe D'Iberville B.B.S. route, JacksonCo., Miss., they were down in Evangeline Par. (BO), but in good numbers in Jackson more numerousthan ever (JT, CR). The Gray Catbird continuesto County, Miss. (JT, CR). Roadrunnersat L. Charles(CT), DeQuincey expandits range in n.w. Florida:one was singing beside U.S. 231just (DG), andRuston (WD, MvB) further documentthe establishmentof s. of State Route 20 in Bay Co., June 24 (record submittedanony- this speciesin Louisiana.Sightings of GreatHorned Owls are excit- mously!).American Robins summered in severalareas at the s. part ing, but commonfor this Midsouth resident;perhaps not so common of the Region where they are uncommon-rare:a pair was feeding was the sightingof one in Malvern, Ark., June25 (RiC, EL). Several nestlingsMay 21 at Beulah, Escambia Co., Fla. (LW); two were seen Corn Nighthawkrecords from Mississippitell us that the speciesis at Longville,Beauregard Par., June18 (DG); a pairwith an activenest still around,but numberswere certainlydown from previousyears at on the L.S.U. campus,Baton Rouge, was observedJuly 4-19 (VR); a Starkville (JJ). Ruby-throated Hummingbirds were exceptionally lonerobin wasat Ft. Morganon the Alabamacoast June 20 (D & GJ). commonin s.e. Louisiana this summerwith 100-200reported for A Water Pipit at PaceJune 9 furnisheda first summerrecord for several feeders. NN banded 78 Ruby-throateds May 1 at Reserve, n.w. Florida (BM). While LoggerheadShrikes are consideredhope- La, and another55 June26 at BatonRouge. TI alsoreported a good lessly low in numbersin c. Alabama (TI), their populationsin c. flight of Ruby-throatedsat Birminghambeginning about Aug. 5. In Mississippiseemed higher than usual this year; it waspossible to find WashingtonCounty, Ark., JN et al. reported three Ruby-throated a shrike on almostany trip afield (JJ). A pair of shrikeswith two nests,one under contrnctionin an oak June20, one with a female on dependentyoung were found on theD' IbervilleB.B.S. routeMay 29 the nest in a sycamoreJuly 8, and one in an elm July 28. A female flew (JT, CR). On June 12, JT loggeda total of 55 singingWhite-eyed to the latter nest and sat briefly, but the nest seemed abandoned. Vireos in Hancock County, Miss.-•42 in Logtown. A singingad. ACom. Flicker nestwith youngabout to fledgewas found June 7 on Bell's Vireo wasfeeding a recentfledgling July 26 at L. Fayetteville, the Univ. of Arkansas campus in a dead ash stub (JN, KS). Red- Washington Co., Ark. (JN). Singing Yellow-throated Vireos in belhedand Red-headedwoodpeckers seemed to be down in numbers Cameron Par., June 2 (VR) and at Gulfport June 17 (JT) were this year in JacksonCounty, Miss., with only eightand five heardon strangelyout of placesince this species is notknown to breednear the the D'Iberville B.B.S. (JT, CR). It was a fair year for Red-cockaded immediate coast. Woodpeckersat Noxubee N.W.R., perhapshighlighted by the dis- Black-and-white Warblers feeding young out of the nest were covery of active trees near 2 colonies previouslyconsidered aban- found in Arkansas along Leatherwood Cr., Newton Co., June 17 doned.At least6 and possibly8 coloniesproduced young; a clutchof (JN); and in WashingtonCo., at L. Wilson June 20, and Walker's 3 eggswas lost to an unknowncause in anothercolony. Unfortunately Bluff June 25 (JN, BSa). One Black-and-whitewas seen in New 3 colonieswith nestsin previousyears now haveonly singlead. birds Orleans July 17 (JR). In Washington County, Ark., Prothonotary present(two males, one female). Warblers were feedingyoung in a gourd at Walker's Bluff the first

Volume 36, Number 6 987 week in June (MF, fide JN), and in a small snagnear GoshenJuly 8 the GoldenTriangle Airport, LowndesCo, Miss , even as planes (JN). Well-grown juv. Worm-eating Warblers were being fed by taxiedby (JJ)! The only otherGrasshopper Sparrow report was of a adultsat White Rock Mt., Franklin Co., Ark., June27 (JN, BSa, NE). lone bird June22 s.w. of Rossville,Fayette Co., Tenn. (LC) Lark Northern Parulaswere also attendingfledglings in WashingtonCo., Sparrowsalso were uncommonthis seasonwith reportsof single Ark. at L. Wilson June20 (JN, BSa) and near GoshenJuly 8 (JN). A birdscoming only from WashingtonCounty, Ark., June,9(JN), and late spring record for Louisiana was of a 6 Yellow Warbler in ChesterCounty, Tenn., June24 (B & LC). Two singingBachman's Cameron Par., June 2 (VR); two at BellefontaineBeach, JacksonCo., Sparrowswere present all summer 1 mi s.e. of Mooresville, Lime- Miss., July21 were early southboundmigrants (JT, GM). In Alabama stone Co., Ala., where they were found in 1981 (DC, SG, MB, CB, a Black-throatedGreen Warbler was singingat the Skyline W.M.A., FH). Bachman'sSparrow populationsseemed consistently high In JacksonCo., June9, andTI reportedat leastthree singingmales in w. JacksonCounty, Miss., but rather local in Hancock and Harrison Jefferson Co., Near Ponca, Newton Co., Ark., a Yellow-throated cos. (JT, CR). In Arkansasone Bachman'sSparrow was found in Warbler was feeding a fledgedjuvenile June 17 (JN). Two Prairie GarlandCounty June 6 and anotherin Hot SpringsCounty June 24, Warblers were at Ft. Pickens,Escambia Co., Fla., July 10 (FW, T & ninewere found in DallasCounty July l0 (H & MP). All-daysearches AZ). While at least one Ovenbird was still on the coast in Cameron for Bachman'sSparrows in Tennesseeresulted in talliesof oneeach Par.,June 2 (MR), in Arkansasone pair h•d a fledgedjuvenile and for Fayette and Hardemancos., June22, and ChesterCounty June24 another had a nest with 3 eggs June 12 near Boxley, Newton Co. (B & LC). ChippingSparrows had fledgedyoung June 17 in Newton (BSa). A Kentucky Warbler nest with four leathered young was County, Ark., and hatchlingsat Fayetteville June 28 (JN) And found June 9 in WashingtonCounty, Ark. (JN). In EvangelinePar., finally, anothersummering White-throated Sparrow was seenat a BO felt that Com. Yellowthroats were down this summer. On the Memphisfeeder July 2, the third suchfor ShelbyCounty and fourth Mississippicoast JT consideredYellow-breasted Chats up over for w. Tennessee(CFM, B & LC). recent years. A 6 Canada Warbler passingthrough Oxford, Miss., May 25 was a bit late (M & SD). CONTRIBUTORS -- Tom Atkeson,R.M. Bays, Bill Beall, Bon- nisBroussard (BOB), Craig Brown,D. Mark Brown(MB), BenCoffey ORIOLES THROUGH FINCHES --Orchard Oriolesin Washing- (West Tennessee),Lula Coffey, Richard Coles, C. Dwight Cooley ton County, Ark. had youngin the nest June4 and anotherpair was (DC), Roberta Crabtree, Opal Dakin, W. Marvin Davis (MD), Sandra feedingfledged young July 26; a nest near Poncaheld youngJune 17 Davis, Walter Dimmick, Jan Dubuisson,Bob, Lucy & Scot Duncan, (JN). The first Great-tailedGrackles fledged in Little River County, N. Edelman, Owen Fang, Mayme Ferguson, Jenny Fort, Scott Ark. were found June 20 near Ashdown (ChM, CMa). A 9 Bronzed Gravette, Dan Guravich (DGu), Dale Gustin, Donald Hale, Sam Cowbird with 2 large eggsin her oviduct was collectednear Erath, Hamilton, Nona Herbert, Fred Hopf, Tom Imhof (Alabama), John Vermilion Par., July 15 (BOB); at Reserve, La., a young Bronzed Izral, Debra & Greg Jackson,Jerome Jackson (Mississippi), Curtis Cowbird was beingfed by Orchard Orioles June 12, and the species Kingsbery(n.w. Florida), ScottLanyon, Eugenia Larson, Mr. & Mrs was regular at feedersApril-July 25 (MW). ScarletTanagers had a C.F. Mann (CFM), Don and Gina Manning (Do & GM), Clyde nest on Cave Mt., near Baxley, Newton Co., Ark., June 12 (BSa). Massey(CMa), Mary Lou Mattis (MLM), CharlesMcElwee (CMc), Two • PaintedBuntings were singing,apparently on territoriesJune Hilda McEwan, Joe McGee (JM), Charles Merritt, Ann Miller, 4-July 13, at Pace, Fla., althoughneither females nor a nest could be CharlesMills (ChM) (Arkansas),Bill Milmore, Mrs. Dwight Moore located(BM, m.ob.). Mississippirecords of PaintedBuntings came (DwM), Henry Moreau (HMo), Gerry Morgan, Dave Muth, Mac from Magnolia, Pike Co., June 21, and Rolling Fork, Sharkey Co., Myers, J. Neal, Paul & Nancy Newfield, Robert Newman (Louisi- June 18 (CMc, JRe). A fledglingDickcissel was beingfed by a female ana), John Newsome ONe), Brent Ortego, Helen & Max Parker, near Centerton, Ark., June 30, and a nest with four newly-hatched Steve Provenza, Dan Purrington, Judee Reeves ORe), Robert & youngwas found at the Fayettevilleairport July 25 (JN). Dickcissels Elberta Reid, Jack Reinoehl, Van Remsen,Mark Robbins,Charhene were commonin alfalfa fields around Oktibbeha County, Miss., but Roemer, Bernard Rowe, Bob Sanger(BSa), Bette Schardien,Cheryl nestingsuccess was probablylow becauseof harvestingactivities Sharp, K. Smith, P. Stauffacher,James Stegall (JaS), JamesM (JJ). A 6 Am. Goldfinch was feeding one well-grown nestling at Stevenson(JMS), JohnStokes, Phil & BetsyTetlow, Judy Toups, Fayetteville, Ark., July 25 (JN). At Fayetteville June7, JN watcheda CharlotteTucker, Marieke vandenBold(MvB), Melvin Weber, Larry fledgling 9 Rufous-sidedTowbee as it was fed by a Brown Thrasher White, Fred Wicke, Jeff Wilson, C. Wooten,Tony & Ann Zicardi (T and later by a 6 towbee! & AZ).--JEROME A. JACKSON, Dept. of BiologicalSciences, M•s- GrasshopperSparrows commonly perched on the runwaylights at sissippiState Univ., MississippiState, Miss. 39762.

PRAIRIE PROVINCES REGION feedingover openwater. Much of the snowdisappeared within three daysbut the effecton birds,particularly insectivorous species, must /J. Bernard Go!lop have been devastating.However, no one reportednumbers of dead

Mean temperaturesin June ranged from 2.5øC above normal in centralAlberta to 3øCbelow average at Churchilland Winnipeg. July temperatureswere near normal acrossthe Region.Precipitation was scanty everywhere in June. Edmonton reported its second-driest June on record and many locationsin Saskatchewanwere the driest in more than 20 years. Cochrane,Alta., had four inchesof snowJune 5- 6. July precipitationwas almostnormal in Saskatchewanand up to twice normalwest of Edmontonand north of Winnipeg.Lethbridge, Alta., had 63 mm of rain in lessthan one hour and Emerson,Man., had 81 mm in 75 minutes. July pondsin southernAlberta totalled 503,000 (54% above last year), 964,000in southernSaskatchewan (165% more than last July) and 195,000in southernManitoba (7% better than a year ago). On May 29 from Saskatoonwest and southin Saskatchewan(and into southernAlberta), there was a snowstormthat dumped10 cm (4 inches) of snow around Saskatoonwith average winds of 38km/hour and a temperaturerange of 0ø-2.6øC.In the CypressHills area drifts reached6 feet and thousandsof livestockwere lost. Near Saskatoon, MONTANA NORTH DAKOTA many swallowsrested on the snow while others were apparently

988 American Birds, November 1982 birds. Barn Swallows, Least Flycatchers, House Wrens and Clay- colored Sparrows decreased significantly after the storm around Swift Current (CH). See also Tree Swallow and Mountain Bluebird accounts below.

LOONS THROUGH WATERFOWL -- Thirty Com. Loons had congregated on Waskesiu L., Prince Albert N.P., by June 25 (S. Ross). A Red-necked Grebe June 5 was a first for Churchill (S. Shadick) while a Pied-billed Grebe June30 was an accidentalthere (BC). There were good indicationsof a Great Blue Heron colony at Ft. McMurray, n. of the publishedbreeding range (JG). An ad. Snowy Egret June 19 at Ninette was a Manitoba rarity (ph., DF, HL). A Least Bittern June 30 was another first for Churchill (BC). Five Brant June 7 and three June 12 were accidentalsthere (BC). A Garganey was photographednear StrathmoreJune 12for Alberta's third record (ML). Two d Eurasian Wigeons were studied at Echo L., Apr. 25 (M. Callin, J. Nelson); there are fewer than 10Saskatchewan records. Another accidentalat Churchill was a Harlequin Duck June24 (BC), Long-tailed Jaeger, 2nd-year nuptial plumage, Last Mountain Lake, while the first Ruddy Duck for the area was a male June 3 (K. John). $ask., July 12, 1982. Photo/Bob Luterbach.

HAWKS THROUGH COOTS -- Sharp-shinned Hawks were mock June2-5 (T. Ffrench, m.ob.). Stragglerscontinued at Churchill noticeably down in Saskatchewan's boreal forest (WH) while one with a Black GuillemotJuly 17& 18(BC, H. Curfie). Saskatchewan's wandered to Churchill June 15 (V. Chartier, D. Paulson). In Sas- fifth Band-tailedPigeon was seenJune 25 & 28 near Raym0re(WH, katchewan, Swainsoh's Hawks had more failures than usual; 35 of 71 SL). GreatHorned Owls in Saskatchewanshowed the effects of the nestsin 3 areasproduced 68 young. The late May snowstormappar- decliningsnowshoe hare population after peaking in 1981.About 30% ently caused6 Golden Eagle nests to slump down clay cliffs. Prairie of pairsdid not attemptnesting and 78 nestsproduced 153 young,just Falcons had average successand Merlins continuedto reoccupy sites under 2.0 young/successfulnest (SH). BurrowingOwls appearedto in the Kindersley-Kerrobertarea, desertedduring the heavy dieldrin be up in Manitoba and the Saskatoonarea but down near Regina periodof the 1960s(SH). A flock of 20- Swainsoh'sHawks in a field (H. Copland, BG, BK). More than 50 breedingpairs settled in s. at Lyleton, Man., was unusualfor June 19 (DF, HL). Marsh Hawks Manitoba where 100+ young were banded (B. Ratcliff, fide increased in the Raymore and Calgary areas (WH, SL, AW). Four W. Koonz). Although nests of Pygmy and Boreal owls are rarely youngPeregrine Falcons were releasedin Saskatoon;two are known found, one of the former held two youngnear Priddis, Alta., July 11 to have died and two have disappeared(BG). An adult sightednear (AW, K J, GS); oneof the latterhad two youngJuly 25 in Calgary(AS) Delisle, Sask., was unusualfor June8 (BG). A pair of SandhillCranes and there was another nest at Birds Hill P.P., Man. (G. Smith). Late was found regularlys. of Water Valley, Alta., from late May through Corn. Nighthawkswere migratingJune 1 (30 birds)at Good Spirit L., June5, 60- mi s. of their publishedbreeding range (L. Gibb, JP, LO, and June 2 (45 - ) at Regina(J. & W. Anaka. T. Riffel, BK). A very SJ). A white Am. Coot was seen with normally plumaged birds at dark swift with a slightlyforked tail, apparentlya Black Swift, not Moose Jaw July 15 (S. & G. Wait, C. Letkeman). previouslyreported in Saskatchewan,was studiedfor 5 rain, over Mortlach July 4 at heightsfrom 30 to 80 ft (P. Browne). A humming- SHOREBIRDS-- On July 14 Chris Adam (ph.) discoveredtwo ad. bird with a completely orange body, the descriptionof a • Rufous PipingPlovers (plus Semipalmateds) with fourdowny young on the s. Hummingbird,was seenJune 13n.w. of Southend,Sask., morethan shore of Lake Athabasca--a N extensionof its publishedSaskatche- 500 mi n.e. of its breedingrange (K. Roney). wan breedingrange by more than 400 mi. He had seenan adult in the same location July 16, 1981. Two ad. Mountain Plovers were ob- WOODPECKERS THROUGH BLUEBIRDS-- A Lewis' Wood- served near Onefour, Alta., July 4 (CH). An estimated6000 Ruddy pecker strayed to Calgary July 17 (RBa). With about 15 Manitoba Turnstones were found near Churchill June 5 (BC) while a Willet reports to date, a Scissor-tailedFlycatcher was a rarity at Oak there June 28 (TS, DM) and three Purple SandpipersJune 12 were HammockJune 5 (ph., DF). A Say'sPhoebe June 18 provided the first accidentals(BC). A Whimbrel turned up at Birds Hill P.P., near record for Churchill (K. Kaufman). Four species,recently common Winnipeg July 1, an unusualdate (R. Koes). Rare shorebirdsin the at Ft. McMurray, increasedsignificantly over 1981:Tree and Barn Calgaryarea includeda Red Knot July 25, a White-rumpedSandpiper swallows more than doubled and Black-billed Magpies and Corn. July 27, two W. SandpipersJuly 24, 14 Hodsonian Godwits July 14 Crows increasedfourfold (JG). Tree Swallow nestingaround Saska- and one or two c• Ruffs July 24-31 (JS, MS, RBa, RBu, AS, B. Storm). toon was delayed until after the May storm, and was thus more Another Western was seennear Cochrane, Alta., June3 (SJ, LO). On uniformthan usual; occupancy and success were down modestly with July 27 a flock of 111Marbled Godwits was found on IngebrightL., 91 successfuland 21 unsuccessfulnesting attempts. Nevertheless, Sask., just w. of the Great Sand Hills, as were > 1700 Wilson's the usuallyevident surplus of swallowsseemed not to be present;it Phalaropes(CH). What appearedto be a latenon-breeding concentra- may be that half the swallow populationperished during the storm tion of 31 Am. Avocets was noted June 5 near Calgary (RBu). (MH). The first summerrecord of a Black-cappedChickadee for Pakowki L., Alta., had one Black-neckedStilt May 15(G. Thorn) and Churchillwas establishedJune 11(BC). A breedingrecord for White- two Aug. 3 (ML). What is apparentlythe secondspring record for a breasted Nuthatch was a rarity for Calgary (AS). The first recent Red Phalaropein Alberta was a full-plumagedmale, studiedfor 10+_ breedingrecord for SageThrashers in Saskatchewanwas of a flight- rain, on a mudflat with other shorebirdsJune 3 near Ft. McMurray lessyoung caught July 8 n.w. of Govenlock(ph., WH). Two Hermit (JG). Thrushes singingJuly 17-23 near Dundurn, Sask., were s. of their publishedbreeding range (BG). At Saskatoonthe 240boxes checked JAEGERS THROUGH HUMMINGBIRDS -- The first docu- regularlyin this portionof the PrairieBluebird House Trail hadmuch mented Saskatchewanrecord of a Long-tailedJaeger, diagnosed as the poorestsuccess in the 14years of operation,excluding 1969, when beingin its second-yearnuptial plumage,stayed at Last Mountain L., the boxes were first put out. Overall occupancyrate, normally 90 to July8-17 and was caught(SL, WH, BK, ph., B. Luterbach);there are 99%, wasonly 76%. Only onebrood of MountainBluebirds survived fewer than 10 records for the province. Alberta's third record for a the May 29 storm;only 56 pairsof bluebirdsattempted nesting, the Black-leggedKittiwake was an adult- or nearly adult-plumagedindi- lowest number since 1973.Thirty of 56 nestingpairs were successful; vidual, n.e. of Calgary June 6 (ph., JS, MS, W. Wilson). Churchill's only 4 boxesraised two bluebirdbroods successfully, whereas some first California Gull was seen June 8 & 11 (F. Cooke) and its first years50% renest successfully. Fledged young totalled 132,just under Franklin's Gull July 17 (L & CW). Other accidentalsthere included a half the 1981 total (MH). Black-headedGull July 15 (DM, TS), a LaughingGull July 9-25 (BC, DM), Little Gulls periodicallythrough the periodwith a maximumof WARBLERS THROUGH FINCHES -- A Magnolia Warbler three June 5 (DM) and an ad. Black-leggedKittiwake July 18 (BC, singingin Calgary June 30 was apparentlyout of its breedingrange m.ob.); Ross' Gulls peaked at 10on June20 (BC). SouthernManitoba (JP) as were a June 12Chestnut-sided, also singing(RBa), and a Cape had its second Great Black-backed Gull, an immature, at Oak Ham- May in the foothillsw. of CalgaryJuly 18 (AW, C. & M. Wershler).

Volume 36, Number 6 989 ConnecticutWarblers apparently on territory were n. of their pub- Moose Jaw June21 (M. Ritchie). A Field Sparrowshowed up again lished breedingrange at Ft. McMurray in June(one bird; JG) and s. of this year near Beausejourthrough June and July (P. Taylor). Clay- it near Priddis July 11 (two males; AW, KJ, GS) and near Bottrel, colored Sparrow numbers more than doubled at Ft. McMurray, Alta., (at least five males; SJ). Brewer's Blackbird, another common possiblybecause of increasinghabitat (JG). An undocumentedBrew- bird at Ft. McMurray, quadrupledthis summer(JG). A pair of Scarlet er's Sparrow was reported at Churchill June 20, far from its closest Tanagersnesting at Dauphin, Man., was n. of the previouslyknown range in s.w. Saskatchewan(DM, J. Skykoff, TS). breedingrange (B. Walley). In Calgary three singingRose-breasted GrosbeaksJune 20 hinted at breedings. of their normal range (AS). An Indigo Buntingnear Roche Percee, Sask., July 5 indicateda new INITIALED CONTRIBUTORS -- (Provincialcompilers in bold- breedingarea (WH). Singlec• Lazuli Buntingswere well out of range face; local compilersin italics) R. Barkley, R. Butot, B. Chartier, at Maidstone June 20 (WH, SL) and near Beausejour,Man., June 3 H. Copland, D. Fast, B. Gollop, J. Gulley, C. Harris, W. Harris, (M. Siepman,G. Grieef, N. Cleveland).There had been only one M. Houston, S. Houston, S. Johnston,K. Jones,R. Koes, B. Kreba, recordof a PurpleFinch at Churchilluntil one was seenJuly 18 (L & S. Lamont, H. Lane, M. Lewis, D. McRae, L. Orman,J. Podlubny, CW). Lone Sharp-tailedSparrows singing June 12 near Irricana and G. Simpson,T. Sinclair, A. Slater, J. Steeves,M. Steeves,L. & C. Langdon, Alta. (JS, AW) and July 18 near Calgary (W. Hall) were Weseloh, A. Wiseley.--J. BERNARD GOLLOP, CanadianWildlife beyond their normalbreeding range. A Dark-eyed Juncowas seenin Service, 115 Perimeter Road, Saskatoon,Sask., S7N OX4.

NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS REGION /Craig A. Faanes

The general weather pattern acrossthe Northern Great Plains was of unseasonablycool temperaturesand below-normalrainfall during June, while July was typified by near-normal temperatures and precipitation. Because of timely snowstormsin late March and April, wetlands remained filled across much of the Missouri Coteau and Drift Plain physiographicregions during late springand summer.Aerial surveys of easternSouth Dakota showedthat the numberof basinsholding water in 1982was 148% greater than in 1981,and 11% greater than the 1959-81average. Conditions were similar in easternNorth Dakota, [ .: :• -•-.....• ..:.•--••••-A• where basinsholding water were 131%greater than in 1981,and 25% greater than the 1958-81average. Correspondingto favorable water levels during spring, prairie again •s ye• by •e U.S. Fish •d Wildl•e Se•Jcc. Over• grasslandsand croplandswere in excellentcondition. The alfalfacrop pop•atJons were •kedly improved when comparedto 1•1, e.g. in North Dakota was in the record-breakingcategory and much of the +42% in Montana, +97% in Noah Dakota, and + 104% in Sou• hay crop was first cut in early June; up to two weeks earlier than Dakota. These riggs were, nf •urse, mlat• to improved •ter normal. These activities can pose problemsfor many early-nesting con•tions in •e p•e re,on which se•ed to hold br•ng ducks bird species. d•ng N migration. Al•ou• pop•atJons appeared to have in- Although the weather was generally agreeablethroughout, it did creased, •me sp•Jes stiU expe•enced sizable decfines.Most obvi- not stimulateobservers to explore much of the Region this summer ous amongthese was •e - 23% decline in Mallards in South •ota, (or report what they saw). Nonetheless, some important new data and -9% in Noah Dakota, when comparedto the 1•3-82 average. were gatheredon a numberof species,especially colonial waterbirds. •thongh water •nditions l•ked g•d and •pulations nf many duck specieswere greater•an last ye•, g• quaUtyupland nesting PELICANS THROUGH HERONS -- About 5500 White Pelican habitat is •cking in the impo•ant m•ons of the easte• •kntas, nestswere at the ChaseLake N.W.R., N.D. colony (PA, JS), and 75 where cereal •ain and su•ower farming constitute•e do•nant adults were observed at Willow Lake N.W.R., in the Turtle Mts., •nd uses. June 19 (RCR), where 100+ active nests were found in 1980. Sloan Elsewhere in •e Re,on, two • Cinnamon Teals were at Minor (Am. Birds 36:250-254, 1982) incorrectly attributed nesting White ]•y • (GB). Brads of eight and nine Corn. Goldeneyeswere in Pelicansat Willow L., to J.C. Salyer N.W.R.---a location where the Rolette County, N.D., •une 19 (RCR). A br•d of 20• •wny species is not known to have ever nested. White Pelicans were Bu•eheads was in •e samearea June20. One 9 Buffleheadat Camp reported from 3 South Dakota coloniesthat have been active since Cr•k, Harding Co., S.D., June 27 was q•te f• s. for that •te 1962, but were unreported in Sloan's paper. These included 742 at Pyas L., Marshall Co., 545 nestsat Drywood L., Roberts Co., and 152 nests at Grass L., Coddington Co. (BH, KH, LH). HAWKS THROUGH RAILS -- A • Goshawk•s found•uly 5 One pair of Little Blue Herons was at Whitewood L., Kingsbury ß e MJsso• R. breaks n. of •ordon, Mont. (SG). Althou• no nest County, S.D., June 7. Little Blues were presentthere in 1981, and •s found, •e bird's behavior suggestednesting •y haveoccur. nesting was probable in 1982. Forty-three Cattle Egret nests were Four C•r's Hawks were re•ed from w. Noah •kota, t• found at Whitewood L., June 7, and 18 nests were at Rush L., June •om e. Montana, and a Robe•s County nest, ac•ve in early ]•e, 15. The first record of Cattle Egret for Grand Forks County, N.D., was found to be unsuccessfulJune 25 (DS). An active Br•d-•nged was obtained June 4 (JK). A colony of more than 200 Great Egrets Hawk nestw. of Minor, N.D., •uly I, anda nestat Sawyer,N.D., July (nests present but not counted) was found near Aberdeen, Brown 14, were •e •st and secondfor this s•cics in the Sou•s R. v•ey Co., S.D. (PC, DT). The WhitewoodL. heronryhosted 30 ad. Snowy (GB, R•. One Broad-•nged Hawk at Ne•on H•s S.P., June 3, Egrets June7, and eight adultswere at Rush L., Day Co., S.D., June was quite f• s. for •e seasonin Sou• Dakota •H). An Ospreyat 15. One Yellow-crowned Night Heron was at the Brown County, Big StoneL., Robe•s Co., June26 fuJished one ofve• few s•er S.D. colony July 9 (PC) and July 10 (DT). Four White-faced Ibises re•rds for South •kota (GS). Sin•e Ospreyswere seen 3 •es and nests with eggswere at Whitewood L., June 7. A nest with five du•ng •e pe•od at Ft. Peck Dam (CC). SingleMerUns were in Oliver young was photographedthere June 28. and McKenzie cos., N.D., •une 3 (GB, CF). The Noah D•o• Game and Fish Dcpa•ent re• statewide WATERFOWL -- At least seven Snow Geese were observed in decreasesin populationsof Ruled Grouse (- 1.5% in Tulle Mrs.; e. North and South Dakota June 9-26; six of these were in apparently -17.5% in PembJnaHJUs), Sha•-t•led Grouse (-26%), •ng- good health. Aerial breeding waterfowl surveys were conducted necked Pheasant (-25%), and Gray Pa•dge (-•). These

990 American Birds, November 1982 chnes,except for Ruffed Grouse, were attributedto mortality dunng CUCKOOS THROUGH WOODPECKERS -- A Yellow-billed the severe winter of 1981-82 Production by Sage Grouse m e Cuckooat the Spotted Eagle R•creation Area near Miles City June 18 Montana appearedto be high.Many broodsof 4-6 youngwere found, andJuly 6 representedthe 1•8•1•Montana record (SG). Six Poor-wills and many road-kills were noted (CC). in the N. Unit of Roosevelt N.P., June 4 establisheda new locale for A Virginia Rail near Loneman, ShannonCo., providedone of few the state, and alsoextended the known rangeof this speciesabout 100 records for s.w. South Dakota. At least six Yellow Rails were km n. (CF). Five singing Poor-wills were heard in the S. Unit of reported from e. North Dakota, including singlesn.w. of Dawson, Roosevelt N.P., June 24 (RCR). One Poor-will was in the Pine Hills KadderCo., June1; Regan, BurleighCo., June18-19; Salyer N.W.R., s.e. of Miles City through the period. This bird was flushedfrom its July 17; and 3-4 in native prairie near the Grand Forks airportJuly 31. nest which contained one egg. Two other Poor-wills were heard on the Missouri R. breaks n. of Jordon, Mont. (SG). Ruby-throated SHOREBIRDS -- Piping Plovers were reported as nestingregu- Hummingbirdswere found June 10 in Deuel County, and July 23 in larly at 12-15 areas along the Missouri R., between Sioux City, Ia., Roberts County, S.D. There are still no known breedingrecords for and Gavin's Pt. Dam at Yankton, S.D. (fide Bh). Singlebroods of 10- that state (BH). One Red-headed Woodpecker was at Chester, 12 day-old chicks, and 2-3 day-old chicks were found at Ft. Peck July Mont., June 13 (MK), and three pairs nested at Ft. Peck (CC). 10 (CC). Ten or more Am. Golden Ploverswere observedat Fargo on Possiblythe most n. nestinglocation of Red-bellied Woodpeckerin 7 days June 16-July 20 (MB), suggestingthat this speciescan be South Dakota was found June 26 at Hartford Beach S.P. (DS). A observed throughout the summer in e. North Dakota. The same single Red-bellied Woodpecker was in the Grand Forks cemetery statementprobably holds for severalother Arctic-nestingshorebird June 3. DL reported a nesting density of 4-5 pairs of Yellow-bellied species, especially now that sufficient time is being spent by ob- Sapsuckers/river mi along the upper Turtle R., in e. North Dakota. servers at good shorebirdlocations during the summermonths (cf. AB 35 953, 1981). Summer and fall observations of Hudsonian God- FLYCATCHERS THROUGH WRENS -- The most e. record of wit are at a premium,thus the two at Fargo June 12, and one at Minot Say's Phoebewas of a pair feedingthree fledgedyoung July 27 near July 21 were especially noteworthy. A Red Phalarope in winter Northwood, Grand Forks Co. (JK). Important new data on Alder plumage was at Grand Forks June 23 (GL, ?DL). This individual, Flycatcher distribution in North Dakota included one in late June which representedthe fifth state record, was compared with nearby near Orr, Grand Forks Co., and one at LaMoure Co., in s.e. North Wllson's and N. phalaropes. American Woodcock were reported Dakota June 26. Five W. Wood Pewee pairs at The Nature Conser- from 3 e. South Dakota locales: Robert County June 13; Grant vancy's new Cross Ranch Preserve, Oliver Co., N.Do, representeda County June 14; and Sica Hollow S.P., June 26 (fide BH). ACom. NE extension of that speciesin the state (GB). Single W. Wood Snipeflushed from a nestJuly 9 providedthe firstbreeding record for Pewees were also found near Parshall, Mountrail Co., June 13 and Grand Forks County. One W. Sandpiperwas at Fargo July 9 (MB, near Sawyer, N.D., June 11 and July 23 (RM). Short-billedMarsh CS) A well-describedd Ruff in breedingplumage was found July 7 at Wrens moved into the prairie region in excellent numbersthis year; the Fargo sewage lagoons (?MB et al.). This was the third North there was a noticeable increase in numbers from 1981 in the Minot Dakota record of a Ruff in breedingplumage. The date is especially area (RM). However, this specieswas not recorded at Lostwood interestingbecause it suggestsa bird returning S from the breeding N.W.R., until June 25 (FB). grounds--wherever they might be! MIMIDS THROUGH VIREOS -- A singing d Mockingbird was SoAo at Zap, Mercer Co., N.D., July 22 (CF). Three Mockingbirdswere at Buff-breastedSandpiper is a rare spring and fall migrant n. Jordon, Mont., June 24 providingnew recordsfor LatilongsL 22 across North Dakota (Faanes and Stewart, Prairie Nat. 14:81- and possiblyL 21 (SG). Berkey estimated30-60 pairs of E. Bluebirds 92, 1982), and most records are for the e. and c. portionsof the at CrossRanch, Oliver Co., throughoutthe season.An ad. Blue-gray state. Most observationsof this speciesin recent years have Gnatcatcher was found June 3 at Newton Hills S.P. This is the same been madein plowedfields, and the peak of the observationsis location where found in 1981(BH) and representsthe secondsummer usuallyduring the last week of July and first 10 daysof August. record for South Dakota. Thirty-eight Loggerhead Shrikes were This summer,GL reported 32 Buff-breastedSandpipers July observed in 185 road mi in s.w. North Dakota July 24 (RM). BH 27, and DL found 130 July 31, on a fallow field near the Grand reportedfrom e. SouthDakota that there were "more [shrikes]than in Forks sewagelagoons. After early August, when most of the many years for this area of the state." One LoggerheadShrike pair grain harvesthas been completed,farmers conduct their fall fledged4 or 5 youngJuly 7 near Grand Forks and anotherpair fledged plowing activities--greatly increasingthe amountof available youngin s.c. Grand Forks County in mid-July.These may be the first plowedground. DL questionswhether the peakof migrationis definite breeding records of this speciesin the Agassiz Lake Plain in actually compactedduring the aboveperiod, or if the apparent many years (DL, JK). Three Bell's Vireos were in DavisonCounty, reduction in numbers of Buff-breasteds seen is related to the S.D., July 3 (RGR, JM). One Solitary Vireo was in the Missouri R. marked increase in available habitat after the fall plowing of breaks along the MusselshellR., July 13 (SG). grain fields begins, making the birds more difficult to find. Perhapsobservers in the CanadianPrairie Provincesand the SoAo Southern Great Plains could contribute to efforts in the North- Among the most intriguingbreeding species of the prairie ern Great Plainsto answer these intriguingquestions. regionis Sprague'sPipit. Althoughone of the true characteris- tic prairie species, probably less is known about Sprague's Pipit than any other grasslandbird. Stewart (1975, Breeding Birds of North Dakota) suggestedthat breeding pipits go GULLS THROUGH TERNS -- About 50 adult and several young through 2 periodsof active singingeach year, primarily May to California Gulls were found at L. Laretta, Nelson Co., N.D., June 19 early June, and mid-July to late August. Again this year, this (DL) Up to three California Gulls were at Fargo June 16-29. This pattern was evident. DL reported that the limited population specieswas apparently unknown from that locale in previous years. hangingon in Grand Forks County was not heard until early One LeastTern alongthe MissouriR., at Culbertson,Mont., July 2 July. An e. bird tour group, directedto a consistentSprague's representedthe secondstate record (?B. Whelton). Ninety-eight ad. Pipitspot in KidderCounty in lateJune failed to observethis Least Terns in 7 colonies were counted along the Missouri R., species. However, another group in the same area July 10 between Garrison Dam and upper L. Oahe, N.D., July 6-7 heard six males from one spot. More knowledge of these (U S F.W.S. ,fide M. Dryer). Separatepairs of Least Terns were also apparent activity periodsis necessaryin order to adequately found alongthe upper reachesof L. Sakakawea,N.D., includingone study Sprague'sPipit breedingpopulations, and also to op- pair in Tobacco Garden Bay, McKenzie Co., June 3, and Key's Cove, timize observation opportunitiesfor visiting birders. Williams Co., July 7 (CF). These are apparentlythe mostw. records of Least Tern in North Dakota. Single CaspianTerns were at Willow Lake N.W.R., June 19 (RCR), and at Minot July 20 (RM). More WARBLERS THROUGH FINCHES -- One d Golden-winged importantwas the observationof 5 CaspianTern nestson Gull I., in Warbler was heard July 15 in the same area of the Pembina Hills, Ft Peck Res., duringJuly (B. HagIon). One youngwas found July 5, Cavalier Co., N.D., where the first state nesting record was and 2 nests were still active July 24 (CC). These representthe first confirmedlast year. One singingc• TennesseeWarbler was at Straw- confirmed Montana nesting record. berry L., BottineauCo., June 20 (RCR), and another male was in

Volume 36, Number 6 991 Grand Forks June 22. Stewart listed this warbler as a suspected (1975) reported the White-winged Crossbills are possible summer breeder, based on several early July records. The 1982 records residents at that location. reinforce the question---"Doesthe TennesseeWarbler nest in North Dakota?" A Myrtle Warbler in Grand Forks June2 wasundoubtedly a SPARROWS -- A single, agitated Le Conte's Sparrow was in the late migrant, but one male in the Int'l Peace GardensJuly 10 might White Rock area, Roberts Co., June 13. Two birds (a pair?) were at possiblyhave been nesting.Only Audubon'sWarbler is known to that location June 26 (BH). Although no nests were found, the nest in North Dakota. A very late Blackpoll Warbler was singingJune observers were confident that nesting was in progress. The last 9 at the Spotted Eagle Recreation Area near Miles City (SG). A d confirmed nestingin South Dakota was in 1955. Swamp Sparrows MacGillivray's Warbler in McKenzie County, N.D., June 3 was were in 3 McHenry County, N.D., locations, one was at Salyer probably a late migrant. N.W.R., July 18, and 3-5 pairswere at Verendrye, N.D., throughthe Seven Scarlet Tanagerswere reportedfrom e. South Dakota, and period. This speciesis uncommon and highly local, largely occurring one male was on territory in Oliver County June 17 (RM. GB). A only in the e. and s.-c. portionsof North Dakota. Very late Dark-eyed singing d Rose-breastedGrosbeak near Parshall, Mountrail Co., Juncoswere at Grand Forks June 3, and at Cross Ranch June 5 (DL, June 13, wasamong the mostw. recordsfor the state. Blue Grosbeaks RM, GB). were reportedfrom 6 s.c. SouthDakota counties.One pair n.w. of Bismarck, Burleigh Co., July 19 (CF) was in the samelocale where CITED OBSERVERS -- Area compilers in boldface. MON- the speciesnested in 1979and 1980.BI foundthis year's nestJuly 30. TANA-Charles Carlson, Steven Gniadek, Mark Krook. NORTH Dickcissel numberswere much reduced from 1981; only five were DAKOTA Phil Arnold, Gordon Berkey, Mary Bergan,Fred Broer- reported from e. North Dakota. A visiting Georgia birder reported man, Brian Iverson, JohnKelly, David Lambeth,Greg Lambeth, Ron that during9 days of intensivebirding over 3200 mi extendingfrom Martin, Richard C. Rosche,John Sidle, Carol Spurbeck,and 18other Atlanta to the U.P. of Michigan, w. to Jamestown,and return to observers. SOUTH DAKOTA--Dan Bjerke, Pete Carrels, Bruce Atlanta, he recorded no Dickcisselsand only one LoggerheadShrike Harris, Lee Harris, David Holden, Nelda Holden, Ken Husmann, (M. Oberle)! A pair of House Finchesin Edgemont, Fall River Co., James McLaird, Robert G. Rogers, Richard C. Roscbe, Dennis June I I, probablyrepresented the only knownsite for this speciesin Skadsen, Greg Stava, Dan Tallman, and 12 other observers.- South Dakota. Over 100 White-winged Crossbills were in the CRAIG A. FAANES, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,Northern Prairie Sylvan L. campground,Black Hills June 1 (NH, DH). Whitney et al. Wildlife ResearchCenter, Jamestown,N.D. 58401.

SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS Yellow-crowned Night Herons were presentat El Paso for the first /Frances Williams time in many years (KZ). Least Bitterns summeredin Oklahoma and Canadian, Okla., but the water was too deep for wading and the cattails too dense to penetrate with a boat, so nestingcould not be Abundant rains brought lush vegetative growth and hordes of confirmed (JGN). Two Least Bitterns were found in Linn July 12 insects,but the usualsearing heat of a plainssummer did not develop (Me, KHo) and one was seen at Tulsa June I (AH, AR). An Am. until late July. Conditionswere right for bounteousproduction of Bittern was sighted in Hutchinson, Tex., July 5 (KS). Five Wood fledglingbirds and mostspecies nested successfully and repeatedly. Storks visited Hagennan N.W.R., Tex., July 20-21 (KHa) and on the Much breedingactivity continued into August. A plethoraof migrants next day six were seenon the Oklahoma side ofL. Texoma (HM). All lingeredwell into June, many more than couldbe listed in the limited were youngbirds. At Quivira N.W.R., 22 nestsof White-facedIbises spaceavailable. were found June 10 (RBr). More than 50 White-faced Ibises were Highlighted among the reports received were two accountsof presentat El Paso July 21 0Do, BJ). man's alteration of the habitat in a way which would seem to be counterproductivefor breedingbirds, but which resultedin providing nestingsites for severalless common species. The first of theseis a sand dredging operation on the Hatte River in Nebraska which benefitted the Blue-listed Least Tern. This site is described below. The other is in the lead and zinc mining area of northeasternOk- lahoma,where ground rock, wastematerial from the mines,has been piledin moundsfrom 20 to 350feet highcovering from oneacre to 280 acres. Paul W. Wilson of Fairland, Oklahoma has discovered that the ßr' ...... tincoin'01tmaha chat piles are inhabited by these hole or cliff nesting species:Ameri- can Kestrel, Belted Kingfisher, Bank, Rough-wingedand Cliff swal- ß forthPlatte ß '•. .... lows, Starlingand House Sparrow. Italicized place namesin the following report are counties. J / Manh.attan-•Shawnee ' •'•'•, •'• [ Hays- Cheyenne ß LOONS THROUGH FRIGATEBIRDS -- An excellent descrip- I •'•'•' / - B•ttoms -MaralsdeCygr tion was submitted of an Arctic Loon on L. Ogalalla, Keith Co., f ClmmaronKAN-• I Neb., on the late date of June 10(DTW). At QuiviraN.W.R., Kans., 106 Eared Grebe nestswere destroyedby a storm July 13 (RB). On • Salt Plains. • ..... Merritt Res., Cherry Co., Neb., 150W. Grebes were countedJuly 6 (JD). Pied-billed Grebes summered in McLennan, Tex. (LB). Un- usualsummer records were providedby White Pelicansin McLennan NEWMEX. • ' I '/re._City -Heavener June 27 00) and Tulsa June 15-29 (AH, m.ob.). An Anhinga was •Muleshoe •.. -'•t• gBrlloken Bow discoveredin Linn, Kans., July 24 (LM, RP). A MagnificentFrigate- • -Refuse -• Re• bird which remained at Meade County State L., Kans., from mid- •..; . WFlaClhllsta•a•ermanN•.R .... •1LUDDOC• ßDallas June to mid-July, was the first seen in the state since 1880 (MG, • -- .AbileneFo;tWorth ]• L.A. m.ob.).

HERONS THROUGH IBISES -- Little Blue Herons nested successfullyin Johnson, Tex., for the first time (CE). Many thousand Cattle Egrets inhabited heronties in Muskogee (JH) and Pittsburg (CSg), Okla. The speciessummered inDouglas, Kans., but no nests were seen (tAB). At least 150 were counted during Breeding Bird Surveys(hereafter, B.B.S.) in Limestoneand Robertson,Tex. (LB)...... B••dKBig Np._•r rvllle'•' •

992 American Birds, November 1982 WATERFOWL -- In Rush, Kans., Mallards nested successfully, nest which contained 4 eggs July 6 held 3 cold eggsJuly 26 and the taking advantageof the wet springand early summer(SS). A Mottled adults were absent (SS). Marsh Hawks in Oldham andDa!!am, Tex., Duck was present in Clark, Kans., July 16 (J & ES). In Crosby, Tex., in June representedrare summerrecords (KS). An Aplomado Falcon a Green-wingedTeal nest with 8 eggswas destroyedby hail and flood chick was hatched in captivity at the Chihuahuan Desert Research June 18 (ML). The nest represented one of the very few breeding Institute, Alpine, Tex. A Merlin in Trego, Kans., July 30 provided an recordsof the speciesin the state. A •?Gadwall followed by ducklings unusual summer record. At Buffalo Lake N.W.R., a pair of Am. was seen in Hutchinson July 5. Redhead was the most common Kestrels raised young in one of the hollow cinder blocks of a comfort summeringduck in Castro and Midland, Tex., but no young were station. In downtown Bartlesville, Okla., an Am. Kestrel carried food seen. A Ruddy Duck at Fredericksburg, Tex., July 29 may have been into an unused(by people)building. Three pairs of kestrelsnested in a very early fall migrant (E & KM). A Hooded Merganser was seenat the Ottawa, Okla., chat piles, each in a different pile. The holes they Omaha July I (RC). occupied were probably dug originally by Bank or Rough-winged swallows (PWW). VULTURES THROUGH FALCONS -- In Crosby, A Turkey Vulture roost used by 20-50 birds from 1973to 1978was used by only QUAIL THROUGH GALLINULES --Those who have searched 6-12 birds this year (KH). in vain for Montezuma Quail will envy the observerswho saw a pair with nine young cross the highway between Balmorhea and Ft. Davis, Tex. (SW). Another pair was seen on the road shoulder of July 4, 3 Oklahomanson a B.B.S., in the s.e. part of the state highway 1703 near Alpine (GW). Six young wild Turkeys were discovered the nest of a White-tailed Kite (BC, JT, JSk). On present in one of Tulsa's River Parks July 24 (FP). Two ad. Sandhill July 20, a second nest was discovered nearby (BVo). There Cranes remained at Quivira N.W.R., July 6-26 (RBr et al.). Several were three young in the first nest and two in the second. All Virginia Rails summeredin the marshbelow the dam at L. Meredith, young were banded and one adult was photographed.August Hutchinson Co., Tex. (KS). A Sora was discoveredin Meade June 13 3, an unbanded young bird was seen, apparently from a third and four Black Rails were calling in Stafford June 3 (J & ES). nest. The only previous breeding record in the state was Common Gallinules nestedat Dallas and Quivira N.W.R., and were establishedpre-statehood, in 1860. To prevent harassmentof present at Hutchinson, McLennan and Ft. Worth, Tex. One was the birds the location was not made public. found dead on a street in Muskogee, Okla., June 8 (JN).

SHOREBIRDS -- Owing to high water in the Platte R., Piping Ploversnested successfully at only one of 6 sitesalong the lower river (JD). Piping Ploverswere observedat HagermanN.W.R., July 17 & 22 (KHa, JHB). Snowy Plover numberswere about the same as last year at Quivira N.W.R., and CheyenneBottoms W.M.A., Kans., but successwas low because of periodic heavy rains and hail (RB). In Norton, Kans., a 3-day-old Upland Sandpiper chick was photo- graphedJune 25. On July 30, four fledglingswere in the same area (SS). Six Upland Sandpipersin Hansford, Tex., June10 were unusual for the date (KS). A Ruff was found June 21 at Cheyenne Bottoms W.M.A., Kans. (RB, BS, * to Ft. Hays State Univ.). American Avocets and Black-necked Stilts nested at El Paso, the first time breeding has been confirmed there (JSp). Black-necked Stilts also fledged young at Quivira N.W.R. An observer accustomed to shorebirdcongregations on the Texas coast marveled at the astounding assemblageof 200,000 shorebirds,including 2000 Black-necked Stilts, at CheyenneBottoms July 14(CC). There were manyWilson's Phalaropesat Quivira N.W.R., but nestingsuccess was low due to periodic high water (RB). A pair of Wilson's Phalaropeswas on a playa in Carson, Tex., June 20, just e. of the spot the first Texas breedingrecord was establishedin 1980(KS).

TERNS -- ACom. Tern was sightedat Quivira N.W.R., June 4 (J & ES). A CaspianTern was observedin Linn, Kans., July 18and at least two were present at Cheyenne Bottoms June l-July 21. White-tailedKite, s.e. Oklahoma, July 20, 1982.Photo/John Shack- Three studies of Least Tern colonies were received. Jim Ducey ford. wrote that an aerial survey of the lower Platte R., by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission revealed 6 Least Tern colonies in the In an experimentalprogram in Kansas, 2 eggsof a Swallow-tailed 100 km stretch of the Platte from the Missouri upstream to the Kite were flown from Florida and placed in a Mississippi Kite nest w. boundary of Dodge and Saunders.A groundcount of these sites near Meade. Both eggshatched and the foster parents beganfeeding the nestlingsas their own. One chick died, causeunknown. The other fledgedabout July 25. It is hopedthe youngone will migratewith its "parents" and return next year, demonstratingthat it might be possibleto re-establishSwallow-tailed Kites in an area where they have not bred since 1914. A Cooper's Hawk at Buffalo Lake N.W.R., Tex., July 11 representeda first midsummerrecord there, and one at El PasoJuly 21 was also noteworthy. Broad-winged Hawks were seen near Keene, Tex., June 9-July 3, Dallas June 19, July 3 and in Washington.Okla. (no date given). Although above-averagenumbers of Swainson'sHawks were seen in w. Texas, most were sub-ad., non-breedingbirds. In Rush and Pawnee, Kans., 2 nestsproduced just one fledglingSwain- son's Hawk each. During June, FerruginousHawks were located in Hartley, Ochiltree and Da!!am, Tex., but no nestswere seen(KS). The Black Hawks found near Lubbock in the spring remained throughJuly 31 (KH, m.ob.). A youngGolden Eagle seenJuly 2 at a cliffside nest in Sheridan, Neb., provided a first breedingrecord there (RCR). A Marsh Hawk family with three young was present in Sand dredgingon the Platte R., Neb. Thisdredging provides nesting Stafford June 2-July 19 (J & ES). In Pawnee, Kans., a Marsh Hawk habitat for Least and other tern species.Photo/Jim Ducey.

Volume 36, Number 6 993 revealeda totalof 78 ad birdsand 31 nests July 1-2 The s•teswere oneappeared to beoccupied (JD) A BarnSwallow nest w•th 3 eggs ws•tedagmn July 28-30, when 17 fledged young were seen High prowdeda first,but not unexpected,breeding record for Lubbock, waterreduced the size of sandbarsused as nesting sites, but in atleast Tex. (KH, DS). CaveSwallows were sighted in Ward,Tex., under an onecase the highwater also reduced recreational activity on the IS 20bridge over a drywash 400 yds e. ofthe Pecos R. (GWa)A pmr sandbars,thus permitting the ternsto nestundisturbed. The most of CaveSwallows again nested at BalmorheaS.P., Terx. successfulcolony was at a privatesand and gravel operation in Saunders,where the owner was interested in thesuccess of theterns MAGPIESTHROUGH WRENS -- Two Black-billedMagpies andlimited human access during the breeding season. Sand dredging wereseen in StaffordJune 1 (J & ES). In Robertson,Tex., Bushtits operationsbenefit the terns by continually providing new sand areas were seenJune 2 (LB, JO). White-breastedNuthatches were foundin freeof vegetation.Activities associated with hauling sand did not Phillipsand Norton, Kans., during the B.B.S. (SS). A pairof Red- botherthe terns, as one incubating bird did not leave its scrape within breastedNuthatches nested successfully in Wichita, apparently only 5mof theroad even when large trucks roared by. In Tulsa,Fred the secondKansas nesting on record(F & EL, fide DV). A Red- Planaltoreported that high water at theusual nesting area at 45th breastedNuthatch in LubbockJune 6 (RE)was a verylate spnng Streetand the Arkansas R., causedthe Least Terns to moveto 41st migrant,while early fall migrants were noted in Chadton, Neb, July Streetand to nest about 2 weekslater than last year. The first nest was 30(RCR) and the Guadalupe Mountains N.P., July31 (CC). A Brown foundJune 10 andby July I therewere 12 nests,one of which Creeperwas present all summerat Omaha.Bewick's Wrens nested •n containeda chick. By July 8, therewere 15 nestlings. A later nest with Baldwin,Kans., the first time in manyyears (RB), and a familyw•th 3 eggswas located July 25. The Schulenbergs andRoger Boyd found five youngwas found in Comanche,Kans. (SS). A CactusWren in 37breeding pairs of Least Terns in Kansas,in Meade, Stafford and suburbanMidland discovered that a martinhouse is a goodplace to Clark.The success rate was low, but better than last year. Boyd also raisea family, safe from Roadrunners and snakes. Three Long-billed reported30 pairs of LeastTerns on the Cimarron R., in n.w. Woods, Okla. MarshWrens were heard in appropriatehabitat in Linn,Kans, July 11(MC, KHo). Short-billed Marsh Wrens were believed to be nesting near Lawrence,Kans., in July (CCi). CUCKOOS THROUGH GOATSUCKERS -- It was a banner yearfor Black-billedCuckoos. In n.w. Nebaska,many were noted in MIMICS THROUGHTANAGERS -- In Nebraska,Mock•ng- citiesand towns and in all ripariangrowth. In Kansas,individuals birdswere seen in RedWillow July 15 (B JR) and at Ash Hollow S P, wereseen in Barber, Phillips and Pawnee. In Washington,Okla., one July26 (PDS). Late Gray Catbirds were located at Dallas June 9 (BV) wasfeeding a nestlingJuly 30. It wasa goodyear for Roadrunnersat andMidland June 11-13 (JMe). A HermitThrush at MidlandJuly 26 HagermanN.W.R., where as many as eight could be found during providedan unusual summer record (JMe). A •?Aztec Thrush •n Big one field trip. Bend N.P., July 31 (CSe), Aug. 7 (ML) provideda secondPark NearValentine, Tex., 4 BarnOwl eggs were discovered May 15in record.At HagermanN.W.R., Blue-gray Gnatcatchers were feeding the bottomof a 20 ft highunused water tank. The tank waslocated nestlingson thelate date July 29 (KHa). A Black-tailedGnatcatcher betweenranch house, working pens and vegetable garden--right in wasfound in Guadalupe Mountains N.P., July 31 (CC). Black-capped thecenter of ranch activity. Two eggs hatched, then it rained,leaving Vireoscontinue to decline in c. Oklahoma,but the Texas population 3 in of water in the tank. The owlets survived.After the water is apparentlystable. An easilyaccessible spot to seethis spemes isat evaporated,the adult futilely incubated the 2 remaining eggs. By Aug. the GreenhillsEnvironmental Center near Dallas. All contributors 4, oneowlet had flown, but the other was still in thetank (JM). Barn continueto report a declinein numbers of Bell'sVireos. A Red-eyed Owlsfledged young at MuleshoeN.W.R. Fouryoung Elf Owls Vireo at Midlandwas a late migrant(JMe). A Black-and-white appearedat duskon a ranchroad in Presidio,Tex., July17-18 (JM). Warblerwas seen in Omahaon the unusual date of July5. TwoN At least2 familiesof BurrowingOwls resided in Canadian,Okla. In Waterthrusheswere banded in FontenelleForest, Sarpy, Neb , July Meade,Kans., a pair of BurrowingOwls with threeyoung were 16, 18(RG). Two Bobolinknests with eggsand young were found observedJuly 31. Short-cared Owls were reported in Pawnee, Kans., nearQuivera N.W.R., June10 (RB). A newcolony of Bobolinkswas duringearly June. Whip-poor-wills called all summer in Sarpy, Neb. locatedin Sarpy(PS, AS). Both Easternand W. Meadowlarkswere (MW). commonnear Alpine(GW). In Allen, Kans., a W. Meadolarkwas heardJune 18 (SK). Yellow-headed Blackbirds were feeding young in HUMMINGBIRDS THROUGH WOODPECKERS -- A •3 Castro,Tex., July 4 (KS,PA). A pairof Hooded Orioles was present LuciferHummingbird visited a Ft. Davis,Tex., feeder June 22-30 and at LostMaples S.P., Tex., June10 (E & KM). A dozenGreat-tafied a femalecame periodically July 18-31 + (PE).In Presidio,a c3Lucifer Grackleswere n.w. of Wichita June 5 (J& ES).The alarming spread fedin a flowergarden May 28 (JM). Broad-tailed Hummingbirds inE1 of BronzedCowbirds in c. andw. Texascontinued, as a marked PasoJune 29-30 were noteworthy at thatdate (SWi, JDo). A c3Black- increasewas noted in the Kerrville area and first sightings were made chinnedHummingbird enjoyed a Lawton,Okla., feederJune 15-31 at Alpineand E1 Paso.No SummerTanagers were seenon heard (JMM).A RufousHummingbird arrived at Kerrville July 22, an early during3 B.B.S. on the s.w. edgeof the EdwardsPlateau in Texas date(E & KM). The onlyCalliope Hummingbird reported was at Alpine,Tex., July 31 (GW).Rivoli's Hummingbirds visit the Dog FRINGILLIDS --Three Rose-breastedGrosbeaks at TulsaJune 1 Canyonranger station in GuadalupeMts. N.P., eachJuly (SW) and werelate. Blue Grosbeaks were numerous along the CimarronR, theyare observed almost every summer inthe Davis Mts. qide GW). from Freedom,Okla., to Liberal,Kans., and were seen at 2 locaht•es A Broad-billedHummingbird visited a feederin PresidoJuly 4-15 inSarpy. Late Indigo Buntings were seen in Texas in Big Bend N P, (JM). A GreenKingfisher in Coryell,Tex., June9 provideda new June21, Kerr June 10, Oldham June 6. A c3Painted Bunting bright- countyrecord (LB, JSw). A pair of Golden-frontedWoodpeckers enedComanche, Kans., June 12 anda nestwas found in Clark, nestedin BigBend N.P., constitutinga first record there (AB1). In Kans.,June 18. The Dickcissel population burõconed in Lubbockand Lincoln'sChet Ager NatureCenter, a pair of Red-belliedWood- Crosby,Tex., andPawnee, Kans. House Finches were present in peckersnested, also a firstrecord (MO). Two Ladder-backedWood- Chadton,Neb., all summerand two juveniles were seen July 28 peckernests were found in Kingfisher,Okla. (JSk), and a pairwas (DJR). On a Sheridan, Neb., B.B.S., only 20 singing c3Lark Buntings sightedin Alabaster Caverns S.P., Woodward, Okla. (RB). In Texas, wereheard, in contrast to a high in 1977of 214 individuals (RCR) A c3 thespecies can now be found as far e. asJohnson (CE). LarkBunting in SarpyJune 10 was far e. of theusual range of the species(PS). Lark Buntings summered inStafford, Clark and Meade, FLYCATCHERSTHROUGH SWALLOWS --Twojuv. Scissor- Kans.,Bailey and Yoakum, Tex., and nesting was likely in each area tailedFlycatchers were seen in Alpine indicating a probable nesting Therewere large breeding populations of Grasshopper Sparrows in (GW).The mesquite grassland area in Kingfisherwas the habitat of a w.-c. Kansasand the TexasPanhandle. Cassin's Sparrows were pair of nestingAsh-throated Flycatchers, the easternmostrecorded abundantfrom the Oklahoma Panhandle s.to Alpine,Tex. Nesting in Oklahoma(JSk). Say's Phoebes fledged young in Rush(SS) and beganearly and many pairs must have nested twice, as singing and Meade,Kans. (JP). A LeastFlycatcher was seen and heard in Osage, skylarkingincreased in Julyalthough many fledglings were in evi- Kans.,June 19 (SK). The pair of VermilionFlycatchers in Cimarron, dence.Black-chinned Sparrow was the most common bird •n Dog Okla.,noted in the spring report, had fledged young and built a second Canyon,Guadalupe Mountains N.P., July15 (SW) and at leastfive nestby June11 (JSk). Most of thenest bulTOWS in a Rough-winged maleswere singing in theFranklin Mts., near E1 Paso June 30 (JDo) Swallowcolony in Lancaster,Neb., weredestroyed when the bank A new nestingsite of SwampSparrows was discovered in Shertdan ofthe creek collapsed. Instead of 40 bulTOWS, 10-- remainedand only June4 (RCR).

994 AmericanBirds, Nc•Vember 1982 CONTRIBUTORS AND OBSERVERS -- Kansas: Amelia Betts Romero, John Shackford(JSk), Charles Strong (CSg), John Tomer, (ABt), Roger Boyd, Ralph Bryant (RBr), Cal Cink (CCi), Charles Bill Voelker (BVo), Paul W. Wilson. Texas: Peggy Acord, James H. Clark, Mel Cooksey, Mark Goldsberg, Kelly Hobbs (KHo), Steve Beach, Anne Bellamy (ABI), Lillian Brown, Charles Clark, Robert D. Kingswood, Fred & Edith Long, Lloyd Moore, Jim Parker, Richard Coggeshall,Jeff Donaldson (JDo), Charles Easley, Rosemary En- Parker, Jean & Ed Schulenberg(J & ESI), Scott Seltman, Bill Sharp, glish, Pansy Espy, Karl Hailer (KHa), Kelly Himmel, Bob Johnson, Donald Vannoy. Nebraska: Tanya Bray, Rusty Cortelyou, Jim Mark Lockwood, Joan Merritt (JMe), Jody Miller, Ernest & Kay Ducey, Ruth Green, Mabel Oft, Dorothy J. Rosche, Richard C. Mueller, June Osborne, Warren Pulich, Bettie Roberts, Jean Schwet- Rosche, B.J. Rose, Aody Saunders, P.D. Skaar, Phil Swanson, man (JSw), Charles Sexton (CSe), Kenneth Seyffert, John Sproul Melba Wigg, Daniel T. Williams. Oklahoma:Roger Boyd, Bill Clark, (JSp), Darlene Stevens, Betty Vernon, Gene Warren (GWa), Steve Ella Delap, Alice Hensy, Jim Hoffman, Jo Lloyd, Howard McCarley, West, Geth White, Scott Wilson (SWi), Kevin Zimmer. FRANCES Janet M. McGee, John G. Newell, Jim Norman, Fred Planalto, Aline WILLIAMS, Rt. 4, 2001 Broken Hills East, Midland, TX 79701.

SOUTH TEXAS REGION /Fred S. Webster, Jr. • E •VAo•g•'- , , LA- -' • ßBastrøp Beaumonte In most areas of the Region, birds respondedto favorable conditions with successfulnesting efforts. The seasonwas unmarred by •-•'" •e S•uin e•vs•o•e•., ' .... major disastersand only a few of a local nature. Rainfall of late April and of May was to prove crucial in supplying fresh water and •EaglePass Beeville. •' ' stimulating vegetationfor June and July, months when very little • • WelderRefu•e. •nsas precipitationoccurred except on the upper coast. Sunny skiescon- ' •' •' Alice •Rockpor• tributed to temperaturesaveraging slightly above normal.By the end • ''•,•Laredo"•s• P••nsas of the seasonmost of South Texas was on the verge of drought;the lily-covered rain pondswhich dotted the coastal plain from Corpus Christi to the Rio Grande Delta were drying up. grasswas browning, and sometrees were succumbingto droughtstress. It shouldbe noted that nestingactivity for landbirdsis well under way--in somecases completed--by June 1, so that dwindlingwater and food supplies %San•a A• Refuge• •rbwns•le shouldnot be a limiting factor to production.

GREBES, PELICANS -- Least Grebe productionwas goodfrom the Rio Grande Delta n. to Welder Ref. where 6 pairs were noted--the first breedersthere in severalyears (GWB). A large numberof nests was reportedin the Falfurriasarea, BrooksCo., where youngwere in ', .. ,,, • -'•' •t --- the nestinto late July (AWO). Heavy infestationof lice in the pouches and on the bodiesof youngWhite Pelicansduring the past2 seasons, with subsequentdie-offs. probably caused the colony to abandon Islands in San Antonio Bay and Long Reef in AransasBay. Roseate South Bird I., in favor of spoilbanks farther s. on the LagunaMadre. Spoonbillshad a goodseason at the importantcolonies of Vingt-et-un This yeaifs young appeared healthy (RW). Brown Pelicans have I., in Galveston Bay with 250_+ pairs nesting, and at Green I. madea dramaticcomeback since the nearlytotal declineof the 1950s. Spoonbillnestlings were not molestedby fire antsthat attackedother Even now few are seenon the upper coast,but 2 breedingcolonies specieson Lone Oak Spoil I., thanks, perhaps, to some "built-in have been established on the c. coast, and visitors from Mexico, repellant" (JW). Perhapsthe distinctive odor of the spoonbill?(ed.) thought to number at least 400 this season,were regular on the lower coast northward. This was the best comeback season to date. The WATERFOWL -- Good productionwas indicated for Black- Pelican I. (an old spoil island)in CorpusChristi Bay had about 80 bellied WhistlingDucks. Dr. O'Neil, longtimeobserver at Falfurrias, nestsand 147 young.The other site, Carroll I., on the s. shoreof San Brooks Co., reportedthe largesthatch he had ever seen.Two pairsof Antonio Bay had 16 nestsand 23 young. Aerial surveysshowed 245 Masked Ducks were seen in a flooded field w. of Falfurrias June 20, birdsbetween Port Mansfieldand Port Isabel(lower coast) July I, and but could not be located subsequently(AWO). Water hyacinthsand 557 birds between San Antonio Bay and CorpusChristi Bay, includ- other aquatic plants typically clog such shallowintermittent lakes ing the gulf beaches,July 7, 142 of which were unfledgedyoung on which are favored by Masked Ducks and render sighting of them Pelican I. Young pelicansare reported to be healthy, food sources difficult. were good, and parasiteswere muchfewer than in the 2 previouswet years (DB, EP). HAWKS -- Hawks are not readily seenfrom interstatehighways in summer and not many birders search the back roads, hence an HERONS, IBISES, SPOONBILLS -- The long Texas coastline accurate assessmentof hawk production from the vast, but ever with its barrier islandsand backsidesand fiats, bays with naturaland dwindling, thorny brush forest of South Texas is unavailable. An spoil islands, salt marshes, and mud flats, host myriad waterbird exception has been the few birders at Falfurrias who through the nestingcolonies which in 1982were relativelyundisturbed by natural years have contributed valuable observations concerning brush phenomena.High tides did inundate some Galveston Bay colonies country raptors. This seasonin s. Brooks County, Red-tailedHawks but renestingwas successful.Fire ants attacked nestingherons on were fledgedJune 29 from a nestatop a 20-ft pole surmountedby flood Lone Oak Spoil I., in GalvestonBay, killing about 50% the young lights; Swainsoh'sHawks fledgedtwo young about May I (AWO); birds, but this was not a large colony. Preliminary reports indicate also, good numbersof Harris' Hawks and Caracaraswere noted (JB, generallygood production for all colonialwaterbird species;unfortu- AWO). An imm. Zone-tailedHawk at LagunaAtascosa N.W.R., July nately, final figuresare never available until well after this report is 27, was unusual; this speciesis consideredto be a rare winter visitor due. About 700 pairs of Reddish Egrets nested successfullyin the (SJ, AS). Also unexpectedwas an ad. Bald Eagle flying over the Oso large colony on Green I., in lower Laguna Madre. This figure repre- at CorpusChristi July 23 (MS), and an ad. PeregrineFalcon at a farm- sents a slight drop in numbersfrom recent years. That there were pond in n. Hays County June 23 (BH). Based on sightingsof three many individuals not occupied with nestingis suggestedby flights of Am. Kestrelsalong a 10-mi stretchof high power lines in n. Webb up to 1500 Reddish Egrets approachingor leaving the island in the County June 9, Arvin suspecteda small breedingpopulation from heat of the day. The assumptionis that not so manybirds would leave Zapata County n. into Dimmir County. A singlebird was seen30 min. the nests at one time. Good production was noted for the much of San Antonio June 29 (BB). This common winter resident does not smaller populationsin at least 2 c. coast colonies, SecondChain of normally breed in South Texas.

VoIume 36, Number 6 995 GALLINULES, SHOREBIRDS -- Purple Galhnulesnested suc- were noted in Falfurrlas May 25, nesting was suspectedbut no cessfully at several sites on the c. coast, while the Corn. Galhnule evidencefound (AWO). Breedingas not known to occurthis far s in took advantageof well vegetatedrain lakes throughoutthe coastal Texas. area to producea goodcrop of young.The latter speciesnested on an overgrown island of sedimentin a large sewagepond at Austin; ten VIREOS, WARBLERS -- Black-cappedVireo habitat on the w healthy youngwere countedin this odorousenvironment July 31 (J & edge of Austin is being destroyed systematicallyby developersbut BR). Along with other beach, island and marshnesters, shorebirds the bird is easily found in remaining pockets (CS). Now that the had a successful season. speciesstatus of the Yellow-greenVireo is in terminaljeopardy the bird has made a comeback in the Rio Grande Delta! Conclusive TERNS, SKIMMERS -- After many years of persecutionby evidenceconfirmed breeding for the first time since1974. A pair near humans, the Least Terns on Rockport Beach have been fenced in; the manager'sresidence at Santa Ana N.W.R., fledgedat least two nestingresults were good after a slow start (C & HK). A fence was young.August observations here and at Bentsen-RioGrande Valley Installed again along the Padre I. causewayby the Nueces County S.P., suggestedthe possibilityof more than one pair (JA). Typical Commissionerto protect nestingBlack Skimmers(KM). Red-eyedVireos were observedat s. extremitiesof the range,a pmr on territory in riparianhabitat below the dam at L. CorpusChristi and DOVES -- Surveysby the TexasParks and Wildlife Department two pairsin the SanAntonio R. valley in GoliadCounty (GWB). The b•ologistsindicated 487,000 White-wingedDoves nestingin the 4 Golden-cheekedWarbler populationat Austin is sufferingthe fate of counties comprising the Lower Rio Grande Valley (Rio Grande the Black-cappedVireo and the future appearsgrim with the alloca- Delta). This is a very slightdecrease from 1981.About 58% of the tion of water to huge subdivisionsplanned in w. Travis County. The birds utilized native brush, the remainder nestedin citrus groves. For warblers are still common and easy to find, althoughthis year they a numberof yearsthese doves roosted in Texasbut fed in Mexicoin seemed more scattered. Hard winter freezes apparently reduced the great numbers.Since waste grain is an importantfood item, doves prospectivecaterpillar population, as evidencedby the lack of the were attractedto extensivenew plantingsin n.e. Mexico. To lure the usual defoliation of deciduousoaks and elms, and reducedthereby a birds back into Texas for hunting purposes, landowners started normal food source(CS). plantingsunflowers. The plan worked, and for severalyears most doves have remained in Texas to feed. Beyond the Rio Grande Delta, ORIOLES THROUGH SPARROWS -- Hooded Orioles were the most stableand significantWhite-winged Dove colonyis in the scarce or absent from the Rio Grande Delta and upstream, but vminityof L. CorpusChristi. About 51,800 birds nested here in 1982, reportedlymore regular along the s. edge(escarpment) of the c. Texas an 8% increase over 1981 (fide RG). The Mourning Dove breeding hill country. Parasitismby the Bronzed Cowbird is a suspectedmajor populationin SouthTexas increased an estimated18% over last year cause of the oriole's departure from its former range to areas where and productionappeared good (fide RG). this parasiteis lesscommon (CS). Parasitismby bothcowbird species was noted at Laguna AtascosaN.W.R., during July. Cardinalsand Long-billed Thrashersappeared to be the most commonhosts, and ANIS THROUGH KINGFISHERS -- Groove-billedAnis disap- the Bronzed Cowbird was predominant in most cases (SJ). The peared from the Pearsallarea of Frio County where they were Bronzed Cowbird reachedAustin someyears ago but is still rare and widespreadnesters a year ago(DS). This mayhave been a localshift localized. as anis were found elsewhere in Frio County and in adjacent Zavala Painted Buntingshad an excellent year at Falfurrias after a 4-year County (CS). They nestedin good numbersin the Falfurriasarea decline (AWO). Dickcisselsfound habitat to their liking and, predict- (AWO). At least20 youngBarn Owlswere brought to CorpusChristi ably, remained to nest in many localities throughoutthe Region for rehabilitation,displaced from huntingblinds when the ownersdid Olive Sparrowsfared well at Falfurrias (AWO). A nestingpopulation their fall "housecleaning"(KM). A Chuck-will's-widowwas singing of GrasshopperSparrows w. of Falfurrias increasedover last year vigorouslyamid the Pauraquechorus at Bentsen-RioGrande Valley (AWO). This speciescontinued to invadecoastal bermuda pastures in S P., July 11 (CS). This specieshas not beenknown to nest in deep Wilson County, joining E. Meadowlarks in this restrictedhabitat South Texas and the date is extremely early for migration. Cassin's Sparrowswere unaccountablyabsent from Wilson County Buff-belliedHummingbirds are increasingly common in summerat (WS). Falfurrias (AWO). Ringed Kingfishers summeredat Santa Ana N W.R., and at Bentsen-RioGrande Valley S.P. If these were CONTRIBUTORS AND CITED OBSERVERS -- Mrs. L. Ap- breedingbirds, the knownbreeding range in Texashas been extended pelt, JohnArvin, Bob Benson,Gene W. Blacklock,David Blankin- some 75 mi E (JA). ship,Johnny Boerjan, Gary N. Burke, CharlesEasley. Velma Geisel- brecht, Ron George, Bob Harms, Sam Jojola, Charles & Hllde FLYCATCHERS -- Two pairs of E. Kingbirds were at Port Kaigler, Ed Kutac, Greg Lasley, Kay McCracken, A.W. O'Neil, Lavaca, CalhounCo., at leastone of which nested(DW); this species Emilie Payne, John & Barbara Ribble, Daniel Schmidt, Alan once nested regularly to the c. coast. Scissor-tailed Flycatchers Schriver, Willie Sekula, Chuck Sexton, Marylin Shriver, Robert produced good hatches at Falfurrias (AWO), one of several areas Whistler, JoeWhitehead, Doris Wyman.---FRED S. WEBSTER, JR., where a decline has been evident in recent years. Kiskadees have 4926 Strass Drive, Austin, TX 78731. nestedat Falfurriasfor the past 3 yearsand now are common(AWO). A pair was present at Corpus Christi oxidationponds during the summer (GWB). Both locations are on the n. edge of the breeding range. Wied's Crested Flycatchers had a very good year in Wilson County (WS) near the n. limits of its range. BeardlessFlycatchers produced young at Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley S.P. (JA). NORTHWESTERN CANADA REGION SWALLOWS THROUGH ROBINS -- Barn Swallows continued /Helmut Griinberg to occupyevery, it seemed,highway culvert deepinto the Region.At Beeville, this speciesnested under the porch eaves of a ranch house (VG) for a new localityrecord. Cave Swallows,once found at a very Junewas a very dry monthin many partsof the Regionwhile July few traditional sites, are expanding dramatically. The recently dis- was more favorable in that respect although precipitationdid not coveredpopulation near San Ygnacio, Zapata Co., has spreadfrom nearly reach the long-termaverages. Temperatures were close to one to three colonies. Arvin reported a "very high population with normal. Low precipitation,combined with a late spring,should have colonies under virtually every culvert along U.S. Hwy. 277-83 be- had a negativeeffect on the breedingbirds. This could indeedbe tween Eagle Passand Laredo June 9." Sexton reported them wide- observed in isolated instances,but even in these casesother reasons spread in Zavala and Frio cos., in May and June. A pair of Blue Jays for unsuccessfulbreeding attempts could not be ruled out. The total was seenregularly in residentialPearsall throughout the season(LA, numberof observedspecies reported was 216, whichis closeto last fide CS). Breedinghas not beenrecorded this far s.w. GreenJays are summer'srecord high of 223. now common breeding birds at Falfurrias (AWO). Brown Jays seemedto be doing well along the Rio Grande from Falcon Dam to GEESE THROUGH RAILS -- Snow Geese were observed at Rancho Santa Margarita, Starr Co. (CS). Two singingAm. Robins Inuvik, N.W.T., May 18+ (MBen). The third or fourthrecord of a c•

996 American Birds, November 1982 5 (RCam), two at Log Cabtn, B.C , km 46 Skagway Rd, July 13 (SC) and 1-4 near F S.J , July 10-13(CS) Twenty Short-billed Dow•tchers were seen at Swan L., near Whitehorse June 6 (HG, WH). A h•gh count of 90 Stilt Sandpiperswas reported from sewagelagoons at F.S.J., July 14 (CS). Three W. Sandpiperswere detectedat Swan L., near WhitehorseJuly 30 (HG). A Buff-breastedSandpiper was noted near Inuvik June 9 (MBen). Eighteen HudsonJan Godwits were countedat sewagelagoons near F.S.J., July 14, and 1-12were noted here July 15-27(CS). Eleven Sanderlingswere observednear Inuwk June 4 (MBen). Up to 13 Wilson's Phalaropeswere seen at Swan L, throughout the summer at their usual location (HG et al.).

JAEGERS THROUGH HUMMINGBIRDS -- A ParasiticJaeger was observedat Yellowknife July 1 (KSo), and the first report of th•s speciesfor the PeaceR. area, B.C., was receivedas one was seenat Charlie L., July 22 (CS). A Glaucous Gull was observed m Whitehorse June 22 (SC). A single Sabine's Gull was noted at the Inuvik municipal dump June 4-5 (MBen). One vagrant Mourmng Dove appearednear F.S.J., July 18 (JJ, GS, CS), and a Barred Owl called in the same area June 5 (CS). A Rufous Hummingbird was C#11K MiNI noted at Graham Inlet, n. B.C., July 14 and one July 30 (MBr). Four sightingsin the s. Yukon by 3 observerswere reported(fide RCar) A "probable"Rufous Hummingbird was seennear F.S.J., July 15 (CS)

KINGBIRDS THROUGH STARLINGS -- An E. Kingbird was observed near Mayo, c. Yukon June 18 (RF) and one as far n. as the MacKenzie Delta in late June or early July (MBen). Hammond's Flycatchers were identified in several locationsfrom n. British Co- lumbia to c. Yukon June 16-July9 (SC). Two Rough-wingedSwal- lows were observed at a beaver pond on Mcintyre Cr., Whitehorse June 3 .(HG, WH). Mountain Chickadeescontinue to appear at a specificlocation in Whitehorse(DS). Two Wheatear nestswith well- feathered young were found within 0.8 km of each other in rock crevicesin the roadbedof the DempsterHwy., at the Yukon/N.W T border June 5-6 (SC). Two singing c• Veeries were observed near F.S.J., for the first record of the area (CBu, JJ, CS). Two Cedar Waxwings were noted as far n. as Liard Hotsprings,n. B.C., in the same area as Bohemian Waxwings June 16-17 (SC). Starlingswith at least two fledged young were seen near km 1 Dempster Hwy., July 9 (RF, SC).

VIREOS THROUGH SPARROWS -- A rare PhiladelphiaVireo was seen near F.S.J., June 13 (CS). A singingc• TennesseeWarbler was observed as far n. as km 447.5 Dempster Hwy., at "Cornwall Cr.", July 6 (SC). This is the first record of this speciesfor the Dempster Hwy. Two or three singing c• Cape May Warblers were noted near F.S.J., June 5-12 for the first record since 1975(J J, GS) A Yellow-rumped(Audubon's) Warbler, was chasingone of the "Myr- Gadwall was received from Inuvik, MacKenzie Delta June 9-13 tle" race near Whitehorse June 16 (JL, PW). To the R.E.'s knowledge (MBen). Interestingly, on June 13, this bird seemedto have been this is the first observationof the usuallymore s. race in the Yukon. proredwith a $ Mallard. A similar observationwas made indepen- Bay-breasted,Connecticut, Mourning and Canada warblers appear dently May 29, 1982near Pelly Crossing,Yukon (seeAB: 36,873). A to be rare but regular summerresidents in the Peace R. area (CS et rare Cinnfimon Teal, a male, was seen near Fort St. John, B.C. al.). (hereafter, F.S.J.), June 18 (GS, CS). In early July, BMen observed An unusuallylarge numberof W. Meadowlarks, a flock of at least Corn. Eiders in the MacKenzie Delta. An Ospreywas notedat Moose seven birds includingone of which sangonce, was observedin the Cr, c. Yukon June7 (DM). Gyrfalconswere reportedby 3 observers Peace R. area, B.C., July 24. Western Meadowlark is considered in the Yukon. PeregrineFalcons apparently have made a noticeable accidental in that area (CS). Three ad. singing Golden-crowned recovery at known nestingsites in the mid-Yukon while the tundra Sparrows and one immature were discovered at Pink Mt., near race seemsto have disappearedin the n. Yukon (DM). A pair of Soras F.S.J., July 21, a rare observationin this area (CS). One to two Le was apparently established as far n. as km 1 Dempster Hwy. The Conte's and two c• Sharp-tailedsparrows, both consideredrare in the btrds were seenor heard on severaloccasions June 11-July30 (RF). Peace R. area, were identified there in July (JJ, CS). A Swamp Sparrow was observedas far n. as the Klondike R., near km 0 SHOREBIRDS -- Two Black-bellied Plovers were seen at Inuvik Dempster Hwy., July 9 (SC, RF). This seemsto representthe first June5 (MBen), and two were notednear PineL., Haines Jet., Yukon Yukon record of this species. July I (KP). An estimated8-10 pairsof Surfbirdswere displayingin an area of about 50km2 betweenKlaza and Apex Mts., Dawson Range, CONTRIBUTORS -- M. & P. Beattie (M & P Bea), M. Bentley s w. Yukon June2-10 (RF). Three newSurfbird sites were alsofound (MBen), M. Bernard (MBer), C. Bookless(CBo), M. Bossenmaler m the Ogilvie Mts. (RF). The northernmostobservation of two (MBo), M. Brook (MBr), C. Butt (CBu), R. Campeau (RCam), Surfbirdswas made in the RichardsonMts., at 68028' N, 137ø27' W S. Cannings, R. Carlson (RCar), L. Downs, D. & P. Denison, July 12. The behaviorof the birds suggestedthat youngwere nearby R. Frisch, J. Ginns, W. Harms, J. Johnston,J. Lammers, M. Lam- (JG, DW). The above observationsindicate that the Surfbird is a mers, B. McDougal.l, D. Mossop, K. Postoloski, G. Saxon, regular nestingbird in mountainsthroughout the Yukon. Four Ruddy D. Schuler, C. Siddle, K. Southworth (KSo), K. Strong (KSt), Turnstoneswere observedat Wood Buffalo N.P., June'7(MBo). A P. Wilson,D. Wood.--HELMUTGRONBERG, Yukon Couservation few positiveidentifications of Greater Yellowlegsin the Yukon and n. Society,308 SteeleStreet, Whitehorse,Yukou, Canada, YIA 2C5. British Columbia are noteworthy:one near WhitehorseJune 12 (JL, PW), at least one near the British Columbia/Yukon border alongthe HmnesRd., June28-30 (KSt), two at BighornCr., s.w. Yukon July 1-

Volume 36, Number 6 997 NORTHERN ROCKY MOUNTAIN-- INTERMOUNTAIN REGION /ThomasH. Rogers

The western part of the Region in general experienced a hot, dry June until the last week when conditions became unseasonablywet and cool. Western Montana, however, had a cool, wet June except for Bozeman, where conditionswere dry. July was in generalwet and cool over the Region, except for Bozeman, during the first half, after which the weather becamealmost uniformly hot and dry. Generally speaking.a wet springand deepsnowpacks in the mountainssupplied abundantmoisture for plant growth. Nestingwas somewhatdelayed by the weather but this apparentlyhad no seriouseffect upon birds. High water levels in some areas caused problems for water-related nesters. An extremely severe hailstorm at Helena June 28 killed or injured large numbersof adult birds of many speciesand destroyed nests.

GREBES -- Eared Grebes built 7 nests on a fishless lake near Fortine, Mont., where there is usuallyonly one. All but one nestwere abandoned.apparently because ducks perching on thempushed them below the watefiine (WW). At least 50 pairs of this species,with young,were at Reardan,Wash., June28 (FB). WesternGrebe pairsat Malheur N.W.R. (hereafter, Malheur), Burns, Ore., totaled 1775, down 39% from last year. CascadeRes., Cascade,Ida. had 700 of the birds June 12 (G.E.A.S., MRC).

PELICANS AND CORMORANTS -- White Pelicans concen- trated off the refugeat Malheur as water recededin ponds,trapping carp. A flock of 30-40 was on the Snake R., near Clarkston, Wash., Eight Snow Geese, including one blue-phasewere on Malheur's Harney L., June 16. May 21 (TS; RN et al.). Up to 13 were on Cascade Res., in June (m.ob.). Sightingsof the specieswere almostnil in c. Washingtonbut Duck pairs in the Malheur-Harney Basin continuedto declinewith 27 were at Naramata, B.C., June 14 (TB) and Summerland, B.C. had just under 15,000, attributableto high water and burgeoningcarp 20, June 20 (JB). High water continuedto create problemsfor Double- numbers.Mallards there were at theirlowest since 1959; years of high crested Cormorants at Malheur. Most of their overwater nests be- water there appear to correlate with low Mallard numbers(CDL). came waterloggedand sank and 200 nestsin large willow trees there Dabbling duck production at Kootenai N.W.R., was down were reducedto 87 by disturbanceand raccoonpredation. An imm. significantlyas were nearly all speciesof ducksin theFortine vicinity. Double-crested was at the mouth of Alpowa Cr., on the Snake R., Malheur had a c• Eur. Wigeon and three Wood Ducks June 24 and Garfield Co., Wash., June 29 (RN, MK) and one was at Kamloops, ColumbiaN.W.R., Othello, Wash., had up to 15 of the latter. Three B.C., June 7 (DL). Greater Scaupwere at Fairfield, Ida., June4 (JBa). CommonGolden- eye broods at Fortine contained7-8 goslings;only one Barrow's Goldeneyebrood was sightedthere (WW). Single White-winged HERONS THROUGH IBISES --Total productionof Great Blue Scoters,rare in s. British Columbiain summer,were at Kamloops Herons at Malheur and in the Malheur-Harney Lakes Basinwas 1136. June27 (RH) and in Kootenay N.P., June2 (LH). Ten maleswere on A Green Heron at Malheur June 16 provideds.e. Oregon's sixth SullivanL., PendOreille Co., Wash., July 5 (FB). A pair of Hooded record (SL, DD) and one was sightedat Mud L., w. of Hamer, Ida., Mergansersapparently was nesting again at Cardwell, Mont.; a June 24 (CHT). femalewas found in a Wood Duck box with a malenearby (RLE). A pair of Cattle Egretsproduced five youngat Malheur for the first breedingrecord for Oregon(CDL). Two Cattle Egretsat L. Walcott HAWKS -- A White-tailedKite wassighted in the YakimaValley, were presumedto have nested(CHT) and one stayedin a pastureat Wash., in late June(JMH). GoldenEagles in n.c. Washingtonhad 20 Osoyoos,B.C., June14-26 (M & TC; SC; WCW). A Great Egretwas successfulnests out of 60 q- potentialnesting territories (RF). A pair photographedat Ennis, Mont., for the third latilongrecord (PDS). of Bald Eaglesreared two youngat Otter L., nearArmstrong, B.C., Snowy Egretshad a bleak outlookexcept for Malheur with 65 pairs for the first breedingrecord for that locality (JG). An adult was and L. Walcott, Rupert, Ida., where Trost banded 200 young in 2 huntingover a shallowlake s. of Silver Lake, Ore., July 8. Sup- days. He found thin-shelledeggs in many placesin s. Idaho. posedlythis bird wasfrom nearbymountains where a few pairsare PotholesRes., Moses Lake, Wash., had 1000-2000pairs of Black- known to nest (CDL). A pair near Sycan Marsh s. of Silver L., crownedNight Herons and 50 pairswere nestingon Goat I., in Moses producedtwo young(CDL) as did a pair at Pend Oreille L., in n. L. Twenty-eight nestson islandsin Wells Pool on the Columbia R., n. Idaho (SGS). At Holter L., near Helena, Mont., a Prairie Falcon of Wenatchee,Wash., all failed. At leastfive pairswere seenalong divedon a yearlingBald Eagle, breaking its neckand killing it (GH). A Banks L., Grant Co., Wash. (RF). A colony at Sylvan L., near Marsh Hawk trying •o snatch an Am. Coot chick at Reardan was Odessa, Wash., had 20+ adults June 21 (JH, SZ). Black-crowneds driven into the water by ad. coots.Male Ruddy Ducks and several appearedto be still in trouble in s. Idaho. Trost banded395 but 187 Eared Grebes surrounded the hawk, which drowned after a 10-min were adults at the Pocatello hatchery. He bandedonly 39 youngat struggle(FB). An Ospreypair was feedingyoung at a lake near Pilot Am. Falls Res., and only 70 at L. Walcott in 2 days of intensive Rock,Ore., for the secondconsecutive summer (SM) anda pairwas banding.A singlebird was at Revelstoke,B.C., May 3 (ECa). Three nestingnear Buena, Wash. (Y.A.S,). The Ospreynesting attempt at Least Bitterns were heard and seen at Malheur throughoutthe Salmon, Ida., was unsuccessful. summer(CDL). White-faced Ibises seemedto be doing well. Raptorswhich feed onjackrabbits nested in largernumbers, compared to 1976on the Idaho Nat'l EngineeringLab site, Arco, Ida. WATERFOWL-- A Whistling Swan was sightedat Malheur June SuccessfulFerruginous Hawk nestsincreased from 2 to 16 there and 24. The July 30 aerial survey there recorded 6 Trumpeter Swan more nestsof Red-tailedHawks, Golden Eaglesand Com. Ravens broodstotaling 17 cygnets,with two more on private land. Turnbull were also found (TIC). The Region had 5 sightingsof Peregrine N.W.R., Cheney, Wash., had two pairs of Trumpeters, one of which Falcons and one of a Merlin. had 6 eggs but succeeded in hatching only one. Canada Goose productionat Malheur was the highestsince 1971, with 2375goslings; GALLINACEOUS BIRDS -- "Mountain" Grouse broods in n.e. productionat Kootenai N.W.R., BonnersFerry, Ida., was up 25%. Washingtonwere averaging5-7 young,an improvementover recent

998 AmericanBirds, November 1982 years (SZ) Bobwhite were heard near Pendleton, Ore , In June (C & (PDS, HC) Barred Owls heard In 4 localitiesIn OkanoganCounty, MC, REW). Wild Turkeys continuedto increaseat Kootenal N .W.R. Wash., in July suggesteda substantialpopulation there (RF, SMa, JD). One was foundin PendOreille Countyfor the only other report CRANES THROUGH COOTS -- (JN). A pair of SpottedOwls in OkanoganCounty was believedto be the first verified for the county (DH). An adult and an imm. Great Gray Owl were seen near Kamloops (GB) and a pair nested near Cranbrook,B.C. (RH). A nestof the speciesin the BridgerMts., n of Twenty-seven Whooping Crane eggs were placed with Bozemanhad three youngJuly 11 (JS). A nestingof Long-earedOwls Grays L., Ida., Sandhill Crane foster parents and 19 chicks at 5000 ft elevation in Malheur N.F., Ore., was reported (fide AA) hatched. There has been one known lossbut parental behavior indicatedthey were doingwell. The locationsof 11Whooping POOR-WILLS THROUGH HUMMINGBIRDS -- Poor-walls Cranes that hatched there in recent years have been deter- were heard e. of Norris, Mont., at a different site from their detection mined in e. Idaho and w. Wyoming. These birds have not yet in 1980 and 1981(SCo, PDS). One was heard the night of June 15 at reachedbreeding age (ECB). Calamity Lookout n.e. of Burns, Ore. (MA) and five were seen In Wolverine Canyon s.e. of Idaho Falls, Ida., June 17 (KS). None were Greater Sandhill Cranes had 66% nesting successat Malheur, the noted in the n. OkanaganValley where they normally breed. Com- highestsince 1976. A singleSandhill was sightedat Nile, Wash., June mon Nighthawknumbers were downand their distributionspotty in O (Y.A.S.) and the speciessummered near Leadore, Ida. (HBR). Two the Malheur-Bend area of c. Oregon. Cool, wet weather may have YellowRails were tape-recordedin the KlamathBasin June 19-20 for short-stoppedthe birds in Nevada (CDL; TCr). A single Anna's apparently the second Oregon record (LRH). Malheur's breeding Hummingbird was noted at Tieton, Wash., June 5 (Y.A.S.) and a populationof Am. Coot was about30,000. male was near Peshastin,Wash., in July (RO). A d' Calliope Hum- mingbirdappeared in the SilviesR. canyonn. of Burns, Ore., July 7 SHOREBIRDS -- Three SemipalmatedPlovers were at Stinking (MA). L, Malheur July 10 and two appearedat Blacks Creek Res., s.e. of Boise, Ida., June 6 (MRC). Stinking L. had 27 Snowy Plovers July 12; WOODPECKERS AND FLYCATCHERS -- A Pileated Wood- high water apparentlydisplaced them from their usualnesting area at pecker, rarely seen in the Helena area, was sighted in Gates of the Harney L. Leadore had Long-billed Curlews June 19 (HBR). The Mountains Wilderness(JSn; D & KS). Two "Red-breasted"Sap- traditional Upland Sandpipersite in the SpokaneValley revealed3-4 suckerswere spottedat Rimrock L., w. of Yakima June 19 (Y.A.S) of the birds June 21 and a Whimbrel there was the first for n.e. and this race [soon, species]was found on the West Fork of the San Washington(BH-T, THR, GW). Five Upland Sandpiperswere Poil R., s.w. of Republic,Wash., in late June(N.C.A.S., S.A.S.) A sightedin Logan Valley near Seneca, Ore., July 22 (CDL) and several survey of 21 stands of aspen in Malheur N.F., found Williamson's were seenin nearbyBear Valley (fideAC). A Baird's Sandpiperwas Sapsuckersnesting in 19 of them. The specieswas muchless difficult at Chewelah, Wash., July 15 (JN). Up to 16 Sanderlingwere near to find there than the Yellow-bellied (AA). Clarkston, Wash., July 6 & 23 (RN; LL). An Am. Avocet at Revel- An amazingrecord was of a Scissor-tailedFlycatcher photographed stoke June 1 was noteworthy (RB). Black-necked Stilt numberswere near Grandview, Ida., June 24 (TCo, MB; KBP). An Ash-throated very low in c. Washingtonwith only two pairsreported. An adultwith Flycatcher nested in a bird house in Merle Archie's yard in Burns, three youngwas seenin July at FrenchmanHills Wasteway, s. Grant Ore., and one was sightedat Tampico, Wash., June 13 (Y.A.S.). At Co (JL). ThousandsofWilson's Phalaropeswere on Abert L., Lake Malheur reductionin cattlegrazing in riparianhabitat starting in 1973 Co , Ore., July 25 and 25 N. Phalaropessummered at Malheur (CDL). has resulted in an increase in Willow Flycatchers from zero to 30 (CDL). Breeding Bird Survey (hereafter, B.B.S.) routes Avery and GULLS AND TERNS -- Some 10,000 Ring-billed Gulls were on Mivoden in n. Idaho and Keller and Reardan in n.e. Washington Abert L., July 25. Cabin I., Priest Rapids Res., Wash., had 25-30 (hereafter, A-M-K-R) found this species'total falling from 17 in :1981 nesting pairs of Forster's Terns and about 15 pairs were along to only seven. An Alder Flycatcher was singingalong with Willow WinchesterWasteway w. of Moses L. (RF). The Clarkstonvicinity Flycatchers at Brookmere, B.C., June 27 for the secondrecord from had two Junesightings of singleForster's (LL; RN). CaspianTerns the Nicola R. drainagebasin (WCW). The previousrecord was of two were prevalentat Malheur throughoutthe summerbut no nestswere May 31-June22, 1980 about 12 mi w. of Merritt (WCW, DK). Two found. At PotholesRes., 274 active Caspiannests were inventoried Least Flycatcherswere singingjust s. of Merritt June27; they were and 20 nests were found at Banks L. (RF). In s. Idaho a colony of 14 found there in 1974 (WCW). with many young was on Blackfoot Res., where previously there Least Flycatchers are apparentlyexpanding their range into e were only two birds. They were also noted at Market L., Roberts, Oregon. Malheur had one May 29 and up to five were seen and/or Ida (CHT). One Caspian was photographednear Clarkston July 3 heard on territory at Clyde Holiday S.P., near Mt. Vernon May 29- (RN) and Kamloops, Crestonand Nakusp, B.C., eachhad two birds July 17 (TCr, JGi, HN, JE, AC, LT). (JW, KV; GD). Ennis, Mont., had 5-7 from June 22 to about July 9 for the fifth area record (PDS, SCo, ETH). SeveralBlack Tern colonies The combinedHammond's-Dusky Flycatcher total for the A-M-K- were locatedat Malheur and 600 birds were nestingon SycanMarsh R B.B.S.s dropped from an average of 38 for 1979--80 to 25 in 1981 (CDL). and 21 in 1982. Western Flycatcher and W. Wood Pewee numbers also dropped markedly on those surveys but Olive-sided numbers PIGEONS AND CUCKOOS -- Single Band-tailed Pigeons remained nearly constant (THR). showed up near Grandview, Ida. (TCo); at Kamiak Butte s.w. of Palouse, Wash. (JWW); e. of Pendleton, Ore. (C & MC, REW); at Malheur (AS, HCI), and near Belgrade,Mont., for the secondrecord there (JS, CVD, LM; PDS, ETH). A Yellow-billed Cuckoo was SWALLOWS THROUGH PIPITS -- There were severalreports sightedover the S. Fork of the PayetteR., w. of Lowman, Ida., June of Tree Swallow nestling mortality during cold, rainy weather at 19 (MRC). Black-billed Cuckooswere heard at Canyon Ferry Res., Fortine and in the s. Okanagan.A Bank Swallow colony at Malheur July 3 and one was heard at L. Helena July 10, both near Helena increasedfrom 500pairs last year to 1000.Barn Swallowsnested at an (GH). Two were found s. of RevelstokeJuly 10-12(ECa) and one was unusually high elevation on a microwave structure at 6200 ft on near Kamloops June 27 (RH). Chewels Mt., near Kamloops(RH). Secondbrood Barn Swallowsat Fortine had left the nest by July 24 and somepairs apparently were OWLS -- Barn Owls appear to be becoming common in the preparingtheir nestsfor third broods(WW). A ScrubJay appearedat Lewiston, Ida.--Asotin, Wash. vicinity. Includedin the observations Market Lake W.M.A., Roberts (LP) and three Clark's Nutcrackers at were two young, one dead, June6 (fide MK). One spentdaytimes in a Malheur providedthe eighthrefuge record, the first for July. Of 90 barn near Armstrong, B.C., June 19-mid-July (FM). A pair was nest boxes in the Ellensburg-Yakima area, 7 were used by Tree reported at Horn Rapids Park 13 mi n.w. of Richland July 21 & 25 Swallows, one by Mountain Chickadees,27 by House Wrens, 19 by (JEn; REW) and two were seen in April and May at Wenatchee, W. Bluebirds, 15 by Mountain Bluebirds and two by chipmunks Wash. (HO). One was found in Bend, Ore., June22 (TCr). The Pygmy (Y.A.S.). SingleMockingbirds were at Oliver, B.C., June4 (BM) and Owl was found in the Pioneer Mts., n.w. of Dillon, Mont., and near OsoyoosJune 27 (DB) and one sangin Richlandlate June-July26 Red Lodge, Mont., for the first summer records for the latilongs (PW, REW). Malheur had one also(JSn). Gray Catbirdswere unusu-

Volume 36, Number 6 999 ally scarcearound Vernon, two consecutiveabnormally cold springs camefrom the n. end of OkanaganL. (JG) and a very few were noted believed responsible(JG). One appearedat Malheur June 11-13and in the Karoloopsand Nicola L. vicinities(RH; WCW). One singing three were along the Burnt R., near Unity (MA). A Water Pipit nest male was found June 21 in the same locality in the Spokane Valley with 4 eggswas discoveredat 6700ft elevationon Griffin Mt., near where 2-3 were singingin 1979(BH-T, THR, GW). A White-crowned Malakwa, B.C., July 18 (MCI). Sparrow at Rimrock L., w. of Yakima was apparently the first in summer in that area (Y.A.S.); the specieswas again found in the VIREOS AND WARBLERS -- A Red-eyed Vireo was at Malheur Avery B.B.S. area (THR). Golden-crownedSparrows singing but not June 13-15(DI). Two TennesseeWarblers were reported at Helena in seenon the Avery B.B.S. would make Idaho's first summerrecord late June and late July (PM). Several observationswere made of (THR, SGS). Total finch and sparrow numbers on the A-M-K-R Magnolia and Blackpoll warblers in the lower Beaver Valley in B.B.S.s were about half that of the 3 previous years (THR). Glacier N.P., B.C., in June and July (KV; RW). A N. Waterthrush nest was found in a bogabout 7 mi s. of SullivanL. (JN). Two singing ADDENDUM -- At least 200 Whistling Swansdied during spring ConnecticutWarblers were identified by observersvery familiar with migrationin n. Idaho. All but one analyzedbird indicateddeath from the spegies, at Soda L., near 108 Mile House, B.C., June 12 (W & lead washeddown from the Coeur d' Alene miningarea; that one had HH). A June record of the speciesin 1977 at Soda Cr., somewhat botulism (SGS). fartheœn.suggested that a fewof thebirds may breed in thislargely unbirdedarea (WCW). A singingd HoodedWarbler, Oregrn's third, OBSERVERS CITED -- Anne & Merle Archie, (JBa) Jonathan was observeds. of JohnDay July 11-17(DR, AC, JGi et ai.) and a Barnett, Eugene C. Barney, Florence Bennett, Marty Berg, Geoff female was sightedabout 3 mi away July 25 (HN). Numbers for vireos Bodman, Ted Bornford, R. Bonner, Doug Brown, (JB) Jim Bryan, and warblersas a groupwere down to about a fourth what they were (ECa) Ernie Callin, (SC) Steve Cannings,(HC) Helen Carlson, (EC) in 1979-80 on the A-M-K-R B.B.S.s (THR). Eddie Chew, (HCI) H. Clarke, Mark R. Collie, (M & TCI) Mary & Tom Collins, Jack Connelly, Alan Contreras,(TCo) Thom Cook, (C BLACKBIRDS AND TANAGERS -- Up to nine males and & MCr) Craig & Marion Corder, (SCo) SharonCotterell, (TCr) Tom several • Bobolinks were seen during the summer near Prairie for a Crabtree,(TIC) Tim Craig,J. Danielson,Gary Davidson,C.V. Davis, new Idaho locality (MRC, A & HL; KBP). The specieswas also seen Deborah Davis, R.L. Eng, (JEn) Jim England,(JE) Joe Evanich, Ron near Leadore where it reputedly has nested in the past (JC); near Friesz, (JGi) Jeff Gilligan, (G.E.A.S.) Golden Eagle Audubon Soci- Tencloy,Ida. (HBR), andat Unity (AC). CommonGrackles remained ety, (JG) James Grant, John M. Haas, (WHa) Willa Hall, Larry at Salmonduring the summer(HBR) and at least two pairs remained Halverson, Bill Harrington-Tweit, (DH) D. Hayes, E.T. Hays, at Rexburg, Ida., at leastuntil July 6 (DHu). A SummerTanager was Loren R. Hays, (W & HH) Werner & Hilde Hesse, Jerry Hickman, at helds -•une13 for the fourth Oregonrecord (DI, JGi, HN). George Holton, Rick Howie, (DHu) Don Hunter, David Irons, Mer- lene Koliner, Doug Kragh, AI & Hilda Larson, (LL) Louise La Voie, FINCHES -- A Rose-breasted Grosbeak was at Helena June 3-6 John Lester, C.D. Littlefield, Susan Lindstedt, Dave Low, (SMa) (WHa) and a d Blue Grosbeak appeared near Idaho City July 24 S. Madsen, Bob McDowell, Pat McKinney, Fred Mitchell, Louis (MRC). Lazuli Bunting sightingsin the Walla Walla, Wash., area Moos, (SM) Shirley Muse, Harry Nehls, Ron Neu, Jack Nisbet, were decidedlyup and Calamity Lookout had four pairs where none (N.C.A.S.) N. Central Wash. Aud. Soc., Ruth Ortiz, Howard Os- were found last year. Conversely the speciesappeared scarce else- wood, Lona Pierce, Kerry B. Provance, Hadley B. Roberts, Dennis where. The A-M-K-R B.B.S.s had a total of only six after averaging Rogers, T.H. Rogers, (S.A.S.) Seattle Aud. Soc., Tammy Selfridge, over 16 the previous 3 years (THR). A Purple Finch was reported near P.D. Skaar, A. Small, (JSn) John Snively, (JS) Jim Sparks,(KS) Kit Nile, Wash., June 9 (Y.A.S.). Pine Siskins appeared extremely Struthers, Shirley G. Sturts, (D & KS) Dan & Karen Sullivan, Larry scarce, with substantialnumbers reported only at Yakima and in the Thornburgh, C.H. Trost, Karal Voous, George Walter, John W. mountains to the w. Red Crossbills continued scarce in the s. Okana- Weber, Wayne C. Weber. R. Wershler, Winton Weydemeyer, Pat & gan and supposedlyin most other localities. R.E. Woodley, John Woods (Y.A.S.) Yakima Aud. Soc., Steve Zender.--THOMAS H. ROGERS, E. 10820Maxwell, Spokane,WA SPARROWS -- Several observations of Clay-colored Sparrows 99206.

MOUNTAIN WEST first state record and a possiblefirst regionalnesting record, both notable range extensions,which visiting birders did not share with /Hugh E. Kingery locals. No local follow-up, in both cases,resulted in no confirmation. If you come to our scenicRegion, welcome.If you find something Seven new state breedingspecies, 24 new latilong breeders,and extremely rare, and do not know anyone locally, call me. five new statebirds highlighteda summerof fruitful field work. A wet snowstormwhich moved through the central part of the Mountain West in late May left cold weather in early June; many migrants stayed in the valleys and plainsinto June. At Jackson,Wyoming, weathergrounded hundreds of birdsin early June. Subsequently,hot weather ensued; Laramie, Wyoming, had its hottest temperature ever (96øF) and Las Vegas had only 30 days of 100ø or more, compared with 50 and 42 the last two years. In both plains and mountains,nesting ran a consistentthree weeks late (CC et ai.). Boulder County, Colorado,observers conducted a SummerChrist- mas Bird Count June 26--to count breedingbirds in the Indian Peaks ChristmasBird Count area. The totalstestify to the commonbirds in the high Rockiesduring the breedingseason. High countswere: 387 Pine Siskins, 243 robins, 192 Broad-tailed Hummingbirds, 174 Yel- 1ow-rumpedWarblers, 170 Gray-headed Juncos, 166 Mountain Chickadees, 166 Brown-cappedRosy Finches, 148 Ruby-crowned Kinglets, 134 Warbling Vireos, 123 White-crowned Sparrows, and 109 Water Pipits (MF). A note to our many birding tourists: we welcome you and your observations.We do urge, though, if you observerarities, that you sharethem with local birdwatchers.This year we have had a possible

1000 American Birds, November 1982 ABBREVIATIONS -- We have previously described the Moun- WATERFOWL-- A swan summeringat Casper presumablywas a tain West latllong recording system (AB 34:294); new breeding Whistling, but no one couldget closeenough to verify it (JH). Ruby L speciescomprise the most significantnew records. This summer's had fewer breeding pairs of Trumpeters (8 rs. 12) and observed only report boldfacesnew latilong breeders with the notation: "lst L". one brood of three young (SB). A Eur. Wigeon was reported at Other abbr.: L/L/B/L: Longmont/Lyons/Berthoud/Loveland JacksonJuly 11 (tBS). Three broods of Wood Ducks at Ft. Collins, area, Colo.; R.M.N.P.: Rocky Mountain N.P., Colo. Colo., and one near Boulder confirmedbreeding in the samelatilong (RAR, MF•lst L). An actively diving Barrow's Goldeneye near Grand L., Colo., July 17-18 provided a first Colorado summerrecord SOUTHWEST WYOMING -- Last year we reported on 2 con- (•'DJ). A • Buffiehead summered at Fish Springs (JGo). firmed and 4 likely new statebreeding species in the junipers of s.w. Wyoming. This year, data from 5 different observershas added 4 more confirmed. Nine s.w. species are widespread through the HAWKS, EAGLES -- Observersreported 13 Goshawknests, no juniper habitat, which extends about 100 mi along the s. border E doubt a small percentageof thosein the Region;of the 3 at Logan, from Flaming Gorge Res., in latilongs 23, 24, and 25 (from w. to e., Utah, one failed, falconers raided one, and one fledged one young Green R., Baggs, and Rawlins). This year's data includes: Ash- (MT). At Baggs,Wyo., an imm. 9 Sharp-shinnedHawk brdughtoff throated Flycatcher:found again in the same Powder Rim location two youngin a nest from which, earlier in the year, had fledgedthree (s w. of Rawlins) as the first statenest last year (SF); severalcalling Great HornedOwls. Wyomingreported poor success for nestingBald and probably nesting s.w. of Rock SpringsJune 21 (SFd). Gray Eagles; 11 youngfledged from 27 occupiednests; one active nest in Flycatcher:first statenests, in Lats. 24 and 25 (SF); seenregularly in Colorado fledgedtwo young (BO). Another active nest in Colorado Lat. 23 (FL); also 3-4 territorial males in Lat. 17 to the n. at Lander fledgedtwo young (EF). Wyoming Ospreysalso fared badly, with (SFd). Scrub Jay: seen at Rock Springs and Flaming Gorge in June only 9 of 24 nests successful,and 15 youngfledged (BO). Four of 9 (FL, SFd); no nestingconfirmed. Plain Titmouse:first nest last year; known Merlin nestsin Wyoming failed (BO). nestsor beggingyoung this year in Lats. 23-25 (SF, SFd); also seen aroundRock Springs(FL). Bushtit:5 nestsin severalsites in Lat. 23 (SF, FL), first state record. Bewick's Wren: most common bird in the CRANES, SHOREBIRDS -- Four Whooping Cranes summered junipers; breeding in Lats. 24 and 25 (SF); now confirmed in 4 in a 125-mi stretch of w. Wyoming. During the first week of July latfiongs. Blue-gray Gnatcatcher:fairly common in Lat. 24, with various sandpipers(Solitary, Willet, both yellowlegs, and Long- nestingconfirmed June 29 (SF). Observationsof 1-4June 5-July 31, in billed Dowitcher) arrived in the Region. By the end of July, the Lat. 23, Wyoming's only other confirmed breeding latilong (FL). Region had high countsfor fall migrants,including 280 at Loveland, Black-throatedGray Warbler: first statenest, at Powder Rim hosteda Colo., July 26 (AM, CCu) and 2495 in s.e. Colorado July 30, including cowbird(SF). Seenat Rock Springs;also thought to breedat LaBarge 1500Wilson's Phalaropesand 400 Stilt SandpipersORe). Countsof (Lat. 15) after this spring's first latilong record (JR): A pair gathering Snowy Plovers at the s. end of Great Salt L., droppedfrom 100-150 nesting material at Casper (Lat. 19) in May exhibited no further last year to five on July 28 this year, as tire tracksreplaced bird tracks evidence of nesting (JH). Scott's Oriole: first state record and first on the site of a new amusementpark (E & RS). At Cheyenne and nest; see main text. These species(except possiblythe oriole) prob- adjacent Pawnee Nat'l Grassland, Colo., Mountain Plovers had ably have nested in this area all along; bird watchers have not studied delayed but successfulbreeding (AK, RAR). The Mountain Plover the habitatuntil last year. As we saidlast year, the Mountain West has nest found at Arminto, Wyo., June 10 filled in a rangegap (JH--lst L) a huge potentialfor new data on distribution. A Ruddy Turnstonefound July 31 at Caspermultiplied into two on Aug. I (tFB, JH). An Upland Sandpiperat Delta July 27 gave w Colorado its first record (tJRG). One Red Knot stopped at Logan, LOONS TO IBISES --Joining the usualhandful of summerCorn. Utah July 24 0'MT, KA) and 1-3 at Casper July 26-Aug. 3 (?JH) Loons was a flock of 150 June 6 at Grand Teton N.P. (DL). A flock of Seven White-rumped Sandpiperswere found in e. ColoradoJune 13 Eared Grebes assembled10,000 strongat Great Salt L., June 6 (JB). (D.F.O.) and two stopped at Sheridan July 10 (tFB, ?HD). Three They nestedfor the first time at Fish SpringsN.W.R., Utah, an adult Dunlins reached Las Vegas July 28 (VM) and two were at Natrona, with chick seenJuly 30 (JGo--lst L), andat the evaporationpond for Wyo., July 29 (?JH). Black-neckedStilts nestedat Casper; 20 adults the Jim Bridget power plant at Rock Springs, Wyo. (FL•lst L). produced at least 10 young (JH). A remarkable number of Delta, Colo., had its first breedingof Pied-billedand W. grebes (MJ-- N. Phalaropesappeared in Coloradoand Wyoming duringJuly, w•th 1st L). Observers reported light-phaseWesterns from e. Colorado 9 reports of 17, culminatingin 200 in s.e. Colorado July 30 ORe) and Evanston, Wyo. (D.F.O., CK). Wyoming has a secondWhite Pelican nestingsite, not mentionedin AB 36:250, at Ocean L., near R•verton;this year alate-seasoninspection showed three young(SF). GULLS TO NIGHTHAWKS -- The colony of California Gulls at The Riverside Res., Colo. colony had poorer successthan last year, Antero Res. (Hartsel), Colo., had 600 nests (D.F.O.). Observers although several hundred young fledged (RAR). Non-breeding peli- found Bonaparte'sGulls at Denver, Antero, and Walden, Colo., and cans summered--100 in n.e. Colorado and 450 at Pathfinder Res., in Wyoming at Rock Springs and Casper. In Utah only Bear R is Wyo. We lack informationon the big coloniesat Yellowstone, Great known as a nestingsite for CaspianTerns; yet they occurred at Faust, Salt L., and Anaho I., Nev. Double-crested Cormorants increased at Mont., Salt L. City, Logan, Woodruff, and Whitney Res. (E & RS, 5 Colorado sites, all over Wyoming, and at Vernal, Utah. The first MT, FL, CK). Wyoming added new latilong records at Cody and Green Heron in s.w. Wyoming stayed at Big Piney June 14-17 (JR, Evanston(UK, CK), and they apparentlybred at Casper,one of the 3 ED). Cattle and Snowy egrets nested together--125 nests com- known Wyoming breeding sites (JH). Mourning Dove's abundance bined--at Provo (MW). Five pairs nestedat Riverside(RAR, GM), met mixed appraisals:B.B.S. routes countedmore at Ft. Collins, and they nestedagain s. of Saguache,Colo., where up to 30 at a time average in c. Utah, and less in Sheridan. Numbers of Yellow-billed were observed (CC). Two pairs of Great Egrets nested at Boulder Cuckoosin w. Coloradoseemed comparable to 1981,but down a little (WDG). Snowy Egrets bred at Thermopolis, Wyo., a first for n.w. in e. Colorado, few reports from Wyoming, and none from Utah or Wyoming (SF--lst L). They met mixed successin Colorado, had Nevada. Fort Collins reported two Black-billedsJune 21 (RAR), and averagenumbers at Fish Springs,increased at Bear River N.W.R., Delta, Colo., had the first w. Colorado record, on July 21 0'MJ) At over 50 apparentlynested near Cokeville, Wyo., and decreasedat Logan a Flammulated Owl nest, discovered June 15 with parents Ruby Lake N.W.R., Nev. Near Cokeville an aerial count found 50 sittingon eggs,fledged young by July 31 (MT, TL). Apparently this Snowiesprobably nesting, and probably 100 Am. Bitterns also nest representsthe second state nesting record and, since 1965, the only there (DL, SF). Nevada's first Least Bittern since 1976 appearedat report except the cluster discoveredthis spring(AB 36:878). Short- Las VegasJuly 18 (J & MC), one visitedWheat Ridge, Colo., June16- eared Owls produced six young in one brood at Savageton,Wyo 17(DMa, DN), and Boulder, Colo., hadits usualreports. White-faced (SF--lst L). Boreal Owls at CameronPass near Ft. Collins fledged Ibises nested at Riverside, Saguache(RAR--lst L), and Cokeville, three chicks from the same nest hole as last year's first regional and Wyo. (125pair--SF). They hadgood nesting success at Bear R. (1000 second-in-the-lower-48nest (RAR). Nesting Saw-whet Owls showed adultsJune I---RV), Fish Springswith 15 young(JGo), and Ruby L. off to many at Estes Park, Colo. (F.A.C.--lst L). Common Night- (75-100 pairs fledged 2-3/nest--SB). Ibises were scattered through- hawks appearto be rebounding,although reports from 3 observers•n out the Regionduring the summer,with post-breedingpeak countsof Boulder illustrate the problem of subjective assessments:they re- 322 at Ogden Bay W.M.A., Utah July 14 (JN) and 300 at Lehi, Utah ported nighthawksvariously as "definitelyup, especiallyin dayhght July 30 (MW). hours", "normal", and "scarce".

Volume 36, Number 6 1001 SWIFTS TO WOODPECKERS -- Behind Ouzel Falls in Northern Parula braiding a nest in scrub (Gambel's) oak June 11-16 R M.N.P., a Black Swift was found broodingeggs, the third Boulder On June20, after 2 days of very heavy rain, the nest was abandoned County nest (MF). Six flew over Fountain, Colo., on the plains,June and the bird gone. He never saw a male. This extendsthe possible 17 (??RB). Four Vaux's Swifts were reported from Logan July 31 nestingrange of the specieswesterly 525 mi. (Last year singingmales (?MT). The Region'sfirst RufousHummingbird came to Cody June were observed5 and 17mi n of this nest site--AB 35:965).Another N 25 (KF) and Eldora, Colo., June26 (LHa). Most Rufousarrived later Parula sangat Colorado SpringsJune 29, alsoin scruboak (E & MC) than usualand most observersreported them, and all hummingbirds, Las Vegas had its first in 2 years, a female June 6 (VM). Half the •n fewer numbers.The cold summerreceived blame. Wyoming tallied reports noted increased numbers of Yellow Warblers; half reported •ts first big hummingbird:a Rivoli's Hummiugbird at Wilson which decreases.A territorial • Magnolia Warbler spentJuly 4-19 singing came to a feeder July 2-8 with Rufous and Broad-taileds(JF, ?BR). every 2-3 min and gleaninginsects from lodgepolepines in a 15-acre Feeders have generated a number of rare hummingbird records in area of Grand L., Colo. No female was present(?DJ). A Chestnut- Colorado and Utah, particularly of this species.This record extends sidedWarbler sangfrom scruboak at ColoradoSprings June 27 in the the recordsN 300 mi. The range of the Red-headedWoodpecker samenature center where the N. Parulasang 2 dayslater (RB). Utah's typically endsat the edgeof the foothillsof the Rockies(but seethe first Prairie Warbler sangconstantly near Mendon June28-29, but did n e. Utah report last spring,AB 36:878). This summer,reports came not cooperateto provide goodviews. One observersaw the bird well of one at Salt Lake City June20 (JS, EG), four at Rock Springsin June enough to describe it, and 2 heard it. A sonogram confirms the (FL), one at JacksonJune 19 (BR), and birds 5 mi apart in R.M.N.P., observation (?MT, MW). An Ovenbird sang from a thick willow June 16 & 25 (SW, JGn). At Sheridan a Yellow-bellied Sapsuckerhad bottom in June and on July 21-22 at Eldora (DB). Hooded Warblers to excavate a new nest hole after last year's was appropriatedin turn sang June 18-19 from scrub oaks on Mt. Charlestonnear Las Vegas by Red-breastedNuthatches, Mountain Chickadees,and Tree Swal- (GMa, ?VM, J & MC) and June21-July 12 at Boulder,unfortunately lows (JRM). not seenby any other observers(?, ph., MK). Mt. Charlestonalso had Nevada's third CanadaWarbler June 19. (?VM, J & MC). Three FLYCATCHERS TO SWALLOWS -- Delta reported an unsuc- Am. Redstartsstopped in w. Wyoming in early June:one June3 at cessful E. Kingbird nest (MJ--lst L), but at Denver a pair fledged Jackson(HW), a male June 7 and a female June 8 at Dubois (PA) threeyoung from a nesthigh in deadcottonwoods poking out of 6 ft of water (HEK). One wonders if they survived the bass. An Ash- BLACKBIRDS TO TANAGERS -- Western Meadowlarks mmn- throated Flycatcher strayed to Sheridan July 16, for the first n.e. tained average numbers on B.B.S. routes near Ft. Collins (124 birds) Wyoming record (?JRM, HD, ph). They nestedat Delta (MJ--lst L). and Sheridan(167), althoughSheridan's count doesrepresent a drop Ash-throateds June 29 and July 14 at Ft. Morgan provided a first from the levels of 6-8 years ago. On June 19 one strayed above Colorado latilong record (JCR) and another wandered to Pawnee timberlinein R.M.N.P. (JRe). A Hooded Oriole visitedZion July 23- Nat'l GrasslandJuly 18 (DW). Two well-describedOlivaceous Fly- 24, the fourth record there (JG). catcherswere reported far out of range at Ridgway, Colo., June6-11 (?JRG); Colorado has no accepted records. Nesting of both Ash- SoAo throated and Willow flycatcherswas confirmedat Delta (MJ--lst L). Scott's Orioles apparently stageda major incursion. From The proximity of a highwayto Wyoming'sFontanelle Res., combined s.w. Colorado came a report of three alongthe MancosR., at with a cloudyJune 6, resultedin over 200 swallo• roadkills(JR). Tree Towaoc (JRG), and from w.c. Colorado, of a male June 6 at Swallows added another plains nesting site with a successfulnesting Fruita (MJ), plus the May observationsof six in 3 different m downtownColorado Springs (DA), joining 2 othermontane species locations at Grand Jct. (AB 36:879). Wyoming had its first which nested in parks there this spring (Mountain Chickadee and record of Scott's Oriole--a singing male June 10 in juniper/ Red-breastedNuthatch--AB 36:879). Starlingstore down 6 to 8 Cliff sagebrush/greasewoodhabitat near Flaming Gorge (?SFd). It Swallow nests at a Eureka, Nev. ranch; althoughhalf rebuilt, they also had its first nesting record; incubatingJune 29, young had less than 50% nesting success(JE). fledgedJuly 26 (SF). In all Fitton and Findholt foundone nest and 4 likely nestingsites in Lats. 23 and 24. JAYS TO WRENS -- A Blue Jay stayed in the Golden foothills May 31-June12, and one which summeredat Laramie had a mate in July and was feeding young in August (DI--lst L). Steller's Jays A N. Oriole strayedto 10,000ft, near CrestedButte, Colo., July 13, nested in the town of Lander, Wyo. (SF--lst L). (SW) and a Baltimore spentJune 5 in the mountainsnear Jefferson, The high numbers of Red-breastedNuthatches tapered off along Colo. (CH, KH). Great-tailed Grackles nestednear Fountain, the the Colorado Front Range; they dispersed to their more regular sixthColorado nesting location. They pickeda marshyarea near a pig subalpine haunts. Pygmy Nuthatches nested in 2 locations in the and poultry farm (RB, RW). Several pairs nestedat Durango (EF) Casperlatilong, their secondand third confirmedWyoming breeding CommonGrackles definitely nested in 2 moreWyoming latilongs, at s•tes(JH, SF--lst L). A Short-billedMarsh Wreu chittered in a slough Lander and Lyman (SF, CK--lst L). The Indian Peakscount had 75 of willows and grassJune 1 at Laramie, Wyoming's first record since Brown-headed Cowbirds, confirming Shickley's assessmentof a one collected 93 years ago (?DF). dramatic increaseat 8700 ft at Eldora in the last 10 years. At I0,000 ft Hartsel, Colo., cowbirds heavily parasitized SavannahSparrows, THRASHERS TO VIREOS -- Casper had 2 nesting pairs of perhapsan altitude record (CC). Other surrogateparents included Brown Thrashers; strays visited Eldora and Lyons in July (JH, GS, Gray Flycatcher, Mountain Bluebird, Warbling Vireo, Black- HL). The 3 pairs of Sage Thrashers at Fountain and one at Pueblo throatedGray Warbler, ChippingSparrow, and Gray-headed Junco West addeda third E. Slopelatilong to that species'Colorado nesting The delayed summer kept singing W. Tanagers on the plains at range(RB, VT--lst L). Swainson'sThrushes stayed at lower eleva- Denver and Boulder to June 25, and in Sheridan and Laramie tions at least until June 10 (MF, HD, D.F.O.) and their nestinglagged throughoutthe summer.They nestedat low mountainelevations at one month behind in c. Utah (JB). Water Pipits remained below tree Radium and Salt L. City. Early June Scarlet Tanagers were at line throughoutthe summerat Jackson--sodid the snowline (BR). At Boulder June 4 and Rawlins June 9 in an aspen/willow beaver pond Sheridanthey nestedat snow line under similarcircumstances (CG). habitat,'the fifth Wyominglatilong (?KHe, ph--lst L). Zion had its Although in Colorado pipits breed only above timberline, in Wyom- fourth SummerTanager July 3 (JG), and Las Vegasreported 2 singing ing they nest in some mountain parks below tree line (BO). Cedar malesJune 6 & I 1. During Jackson'scold days in May and June, W Waxwings nested at Loveland and Denver, the latter a first latilong Tanagers sat on beehive boxes while bees crawled sluggishlyinto (AB & BL•lst L). LoggerheadShrikes had a goodyear in Wyoming, their mouths "like M & Ms" (BR). Among the bee-eaters,a Summer with nests reported from Rock Springs, Cody, and Sheridan. (FL, Tanagerat BedfordMay 9-11gave Wyoming its sixthrecord, the first UK, HD). The Gray Vireo describedfrom GreenR., June26-27 was one verified (?SS, ph.). the first reportedin Wyoming (?SF, TF). FINCHES, SPARROWS -- Late migrant Rose-breastedGros- WARBLERS -- Observers found territorial, singingmales of 4 beaks occurred in June, at Evergreen, Wheat Ridge, and Colorado warblers which have never nested in the Region: N. Parula, Mag- Springs,Cheyenne, Sheridan, Jackson (5 in one day), and Pinedale, nolia, Prairie, and Hooded. Casper had a Black-and-white Warbler Wyo., plus a July 3 bird at Eureka, Nev. (TN). Cheyennereported June I and a TennesseeJune 3 (?JH). Most remarkablenesting record three different pairs of Blue Grosbeaksin June(?PW, ?E & DH), and this year came from Golden, Colo., where Schottler found a 5• two were at CasperJune 26 (FL). They nestedat Lander (SF--lst L)

1002 American Birds, November 1982 Indigos are the "dominantbuntings in the Delta, Colo. area, not the years. They were alsofound within the more typical rangeat Gothic, seldom-seenLazuli. In July 1 saw singingmales on nearly every trip, Colo., July 13 (SW) and Utah's Wasatch and Uinta Mts. (JB, E & with a high of 12 in Escalante Canyon July 1" (MJ). While that RS). Five possibleLapland Longspursfed on a road in Grand Teton dominancereverses the typical regional pattern, the Indigo no longer N.P., May 29, after a heavy snowfall (tEP). qualifies as a rare bird here. Colorado reported more than 25 this summer, Utah 4, and Wyoming and Nevada one each. The Nevada ACKNOWLEDGMENT-- I thankCharley Chase for hishelp and one was a male which sangMay 7-June27 without a female; Mowbray supportin preparingand reviewing this report and those of the past feels that they probably nested in past years though not this year. year. Lazulis were abundant from Zion north to Jackson (which on June 3 reported, at one site, 30 pairs). Erratic in summerin Utah, Evening Grosbeaksgraced the Logan area all summer, with breeding sus- CONTRIBUTORS (in boldface)and CITED OBSERVERS --Peg pected (KD. MT), and Provo had two pairs June 10 (MBr). The Abbott, D. Albright, K. Archibald. Mary Back (5), Ethlyn Barneby literature is ambiguous as to whether they have nested in Utah. (EBa), E. Bolton, A. Bonnell, StephenBouffard, W.W. Brockner Jackson claimed 1000s in early June, along with 1000s of Cassin's (16), Fred Broerman,Mark Bramley(MBr), D. Brown, Rich Bunn(4), Finches(BR). Back's annual Black Rosy Finch backpackrevealed a Joshua Burns, Charles Chase HI, Jean Christensen(28) J. & M. probablebut unconfirmednest site, thusperpetuating her elusivegoal Cressman,C. Cummings,E. & M. Curry, Denver Field Ornitholog- of finding a nest. An odd observationcame from Jacksonofa • Black ists, E. Dickerson, Keith Dixon (4), Helen Downing(40), Margaret Rosy Finch with nestingmaterial on July 2 at only 6600ft (BR). In late Ewing, Janet Eyre (3), Mike Figgs, D. Finch. Scott Findholt (SFd). May and early June an apparent hybrid Pine Siskin x Am. Goldfinch Sam Fitton, T. Fitton, K. Flora, Foothills Audubon Club, Elva Fox visitedan Eldora feeder (tGS). Red Crossbillsbegan to disperseafter (4), E. Geoghagen,C. Gibson, Jerome Gifford (4), J. Gnam (JGn), their abundancefor several seasons.Small flocks rangedthrough the James Good (JGo), W.D. Graul, J.R. Guadagno, Carol Hack, cities of Denver, Colorado Springs,Laramie, Evanston, and Provo; Freeman Hall, D. Hallock, May Hanesworth (17), Paula HansIcy, scatteredreports came in throughoutthe typical Colorado and Wy- L. Harlow (LHa), Kathy Hawkins, K. Hepworth (KHe), Louise oming habitats.A flock of 100 White-wingedCrossbills cruised over Hering (20), James Herald (7), E. & D. Hudson, Bill Hunter, Diamond L., near Eldora June 20; the calls revealed to observerFiggs D. InkIcy, Mark Janos, David Jasper (7), Frank & Jan Justice, Gleb that he had heardthem there in mid-winter. A White-winged sangJuly Kashin,Jan Kauffeid,Ursula Kepler (15), Crag Kesselheim,A. King, 31 at Logan, in the sameplace where breedingoccurred 1977-78 (KS: Michael Kissick, Ken Lane, H. Leichliter, B. Livingston, D. Lock- AB 31:1170).Lark Buntingshad a strangeyear on the Pawnee:early man, Forrest Luke, T. Lyons, G. Mahler (GMa), D. Martin (DMa), July saw very few, but flocksappeared in early August. The Pawnee A. Means, G. Miller, J.R. Miller, Vince Mowbray, David Mozur- B.B.S. recorded 160 (cf. a 275 average). Considerableloss of habitat kewich (5), D. Nelson, John Nelson, T. Nolan, Bob Oakleaf (5), has occurred from plowing the grassland,an action which has in- E. Parsons, Bill Pickslay (3), Bert Raynes (18), J. Reddall (JRe), censed local ranchers because of the consequent, immediate, soil J.C. Rigli, R.C. Rosche,John Row (15), R.A. Ryder, B. Sauppe,Dick erosion (RAR). GrasshopperSparrow reports came from Sheridan Schottier, Gall Shickley (7), K. Smith, Virginia Simmons, J. Soder, and Hawk Spgs., Wyo. (FL. FB, JRM). Rugged field work estab- Ella & Richard So•enson(11), SusanSwan, Mike Tove (5), Van Truan, lished the Fox Sparrow as a probableand regular nesterin Boulder Ray Varney, D. Ward, Susan Ward, Rosie Watts, Merrill Webb, Colorado willow bogs, usingadjacent feeders, with observationsof P. White, H. Wittruer, B. Wood.--HUGH E. KINGERY, 869 12 in 5 sites (MF, EB, DH). Shickley has reported them for several Milwaukee St., Denver, Cola, 80206.

SOUTHWEST REGION GeorgeUTAH , ':CO[-O. Arizona, Sonora •.r•.---.•--•g___ ' •-.__ ...... • ' -•---,, ,..•.. /Janet Witzeman Lillefield[Kaibobe • •e . I . ß . . eTmrraAmardla • Plateau •ayemai ...... g,on eTaos • • Chinle• I LosAlamoz Dam TGrand t ,, ß Santo Fe During the summer of 1982 there seemed to be more and later •'-[•?•o• co.• ,• I%""up _ / * t•,v,•., lingering migrants than usual, plus an interesting assortment of riGman ß .•ins•o I Amuqu•que• Flagstaff•e Halbrook g Sanla• northward wanderersfrom Mexico. However, the most significant esCOUe.... •t. JohnsNEW MEX. RosaN discoveriesof the summerwere probablythose of the regularbreed- ing speciesin newareas. In manycases this represented not necessar- ily a rangeextension, but an extensionof our knowledgefrom having explored new or seldom-visitedareas. Throughout the following report are recordsfrom this summer'svisits to the newly explored . ß ß • • • ß Alamogarda areas of Beaver Dam Wash at Littlefield in extreme northwestern •-$o•oe Rese•o,•• e•- • ' e•%LasCruces Carlsbad Arizona, Pastora Peak in the Carrizo Mountains in the extreme northeasternpart of the state, San Carlos Reservoir. southeastof s -a-•.:-'oL-dc • 8,•.•.; • .... Globe and the new sewage ponds at Halbrook. o c ß•oo c øo• I • •. Another important visit was made to Sonora, Mexico to two areas • Cabera O øCo • eLasos • Fort•vi• between Moctezuma and Mazagahin. In one canyon, only 120 miles south of the border, Danforth and Moorhouse recorded two Rufous- cappedWarblers, four Streak-backedOrioles, two Nutting's Fly- catchers 10-12 Buff-collared Nightjars and two Military Macaws! "Such stuff as dreamsare made on" while birdingArizona's southern numbers to call to report rare and unusualfindings. Please do not border. assume"you must have heard this by now" becausein somecases we In relationto that I would like to expressappreciation for the ever have not. And a phone call at the time of the sightingis more valuable increasingnumbers of detailedreports and photographsthat are sent than a letter "after the fact." to me by birders visiting southern Arizona from other states. How- ever, especiallyin summer, there are still many sketchy reports or PELICANS THROUGH FRIGATEBIRDS --White Pelicans rumorsof significantfinds that are never documented.Most reports were wanderingthrough the state in mid-Juneas they do occasion- made to the Southwest Research Station never reach the ears of ally. A flock of 112 stoppedat the Mammoth sewageponds n.e. of Arizona birders(who wouldlike to hear aboutthem) or more impor- TucsonJune l0 (BHa) and 40-+ visited the Chandlersewage ponds s. tantly, never reach the pagesof the state's records. The taped bird of Phoenix June 14 (fide PB). Finding fish at the larger San Carlos alert messageof the Tucson Audubon Society (881-WING) shouldbe Res., a flock remained there at least during July (B. Thomas). The called by everyonevisiting Arizona. The birder will learn not only only area in the statewhere Double-crestedCormorants consistently valuable information about "what" and "where" but also the current nest is on the Lower Colorado River (hereafter, L.C.R.). On June9,

Volume 36, Number 6 1003 50+, tncluding one on a nest, were observed at San Carlos Res RAILS, SHOREBIRDS -- Sora has not been found breeding on (BHa) where the specieswas foundnesting once previously---in 1968. the L.C.R., so of interest was one calling in the B.W. Delta June 8 An OlivaceousCormorant, far w. of its normal range,was observed (JJ). Common Gallinule is uncommon in n. Arizona; two were seen with a Double-crestedin L. Havasu June 18 (?CH, RH, LL). often on Vail L., in early June (JC, TM). This summer'sMagnificent Frigatebirds were two seensoaring in a A late Snowy Plover at Lees Ferry June 10 (B. Brown et al.) was strongwind on a stormy afternoonover the Interstatein TucsonJuly one of only a few records from the n. part of the state. Anomalous 29 by 2 setsof observers(GM, DL, S. Larson, B. Knapp). There has Junerecords of Willets includedtwo at SierraVista June19 (DDa et been only one previousrecord from Tucson;most have comefrom al.), 45 at Cibola N.W.R., June23 (DK, CR) and 25 at L. HavasuJune farther w. along the L.C.R., or Gila R. 24 (DK, RH, JJ). The first Whimbrel appearedon the L.C.R, at Cibola on the early date of June30 (DK). An early Long-billedCurlew HERONS THROUGH WATERFOWL -- A Green Heron was arrived on the L.C.R., June 23 (JJ) and three were at McNeal, s e seenat Vail L., near Flagstaffin early June(TM, JC) and four were at Arizona July 10 (AM). BeaverDam WashJuly 25-26 (JC, TS). Thereare few recordsof this Avocets are expandingtheir breedingrange in n. Arizona At speciesin n. Arizona.A small"invasion" of Little Blu• Herons PetrifiedForest sewagepond, where nestingwas suspectedlast year, reached s. Arizona. In addition to the one in mid-May, there were there were six pairs and one young June 2, and at Chinle sewage three adultsin Tucson June 7, anotherthere July 10 (GM et al.) and pondswere two pairs and one youngJune 4 (JW, KK et al.). The old possiblyup to four at Hereford July 15(T & CK). AnotherLouisiana Holbrook sewageponds (now abandoned)hosted one of thefirst state Heron (the secondthis year) wanderedN on the early date of June22 nestingrecords--in the late 1960s(fide SD). A leasteight pairs were and remainedat leastthrough July at Tucson(DS et al.). Severaladult nestingin Juneat Pintail L., near ShowLow for the secondyear (LP), and at least one young Black-crownedNight Heron were observed numberswere present at Chevelon Wildlife Area, s.e. of Winslow duringthe summerat St. Johns,e. Arizona (BHe) where the species where nestingoccurred for the first time a year ago(fide DT) andup to was first found nestinga year ago. Two were at Many Farms L., June 20 were at Long L., near Flagstaffin early Junewhere the specieshas 6 (BHa) and there were more mid-summer records than usual at nestedin recent summers(JC). In s. Arizona about 10 pairs were Prescottwhere it is usually only trasient (CT). breedingas usualat Willcox (SG), at the Phoenixsewage pond there Least Bittern was suspectedof nestingin a new area--at Chino was only onepair June 14 (PB, JW) and a pair actingterritorial at the Valley, n. of Prescott when one was found there in June 1977, but Arlington marshw. of Phoenix in late May (DT, G. Burton). evidencewas lackinguntil this summerwhen a pair and at leastone Wilson's Phalarope (one pair) nested at Pintail L., where the downy young were observed (P. Schneider,fide CT). Six Least specieswas first found breedingin the statea year ago(LP). A pmr Bitterns were found in 2 new areas w. of Phoenix along the Gila R., was at the Holbrook sewage ponds June 4 (HL, SD, KK, JW). near Arlington in late May-early June (DT et al.), and one was recordedJuly 22 at PicachoRes., where its occurrencein summeris GULLS, PIGEONS -- An ad. Sabine'sGull at a golfcourse pond in erratic (GM). An Am. Bittern at Beaver Dam Wash July 25-26 (JC, GreenValley June 4-7 (D. Shafter,GP et al.) wasout of placeand time TS) added to only a handful of summerrecords for the state. to say the least. There are no previous summerrecords. A late Eighteen Wood Storks counted at Martinez L., L.C.R., June 20 Franklin' s Gull and 40 Ring-billedGulls were at SanCarlos Res., June was a highnumber for this uncommonsummer visitor; nine were still 9 (BHa). there July 22 (W. Brehends).Another was at Cibola N.W.R., June30 Twelve Band-tailed Pigeonswere observedon PastoraPeaks June (DK et al.). 6 (BHa) and two were recordedin the nearby ChuskaMts., July 4, A Whistling Swan seenflying aroundSan Carlos Res., June9 was 1980(K. & G. Rosenberg).There are only a few previousrecords in probably a hold-overfrom the winter invasionand providedthe first this infrequently visited part of the state. summer record for the state (BHa). An ad. Black-belliedWhistling Duck at Willow L., in PrescottJuly 23 (H & AG, CT) was n. w. of the species'normal range. A $ Green- OWLS, NIGHTJARS -- A pair of FerruginousOwls (first dis- wingedTeal with two youngat TucsonJune 5 (GG) providedthe first covered in March) were feeding youngJuly 3, and remaineduntil at evidenceof nestingaway from the species'traditional nesting area on least July 25 (B. Bristow, GP, m.ob.). Long-earedOwls were found the Mogollon Rim. Blue-winged Teal observed on 3 of the seasonal nestingin a new locality: an adult with three youngwere observedin lakesnear Flagstaffthrough the summer(JC) and a pair at PintailL., Chino Valley May 23-June26 (L. McClelland,ph., M. Durkos) June2 (SD, KK, HL, JW) suggestedthat the speciesmay havebeen Buff-collaredNightjars continuedto be found in new canyons A breedingat one or all of these localities. There is only one record of pair was seenduring the dayin CaliforniaGulch in the AtascosaMts, successfulnesting in the state. Buffieheadwere alsopresent the entire w. of Nogales June 20 (DDa, RBa) and at least four (including a seasonnear Flagstaff(JC) and a female was seenspring Springerville courtingpair) were seenand/or heardJuly 4 (RN, VJ, J. Kennedy) June 8 (BHa), but so far there has been no nestingrecord for Arizona. At leastone was heardcalling in Chino CanyonJune 21 to at leastlate The $ Wood Duck near Nogales was still present July 17 (RBr) and July (GM et al.), and one was heard in Sycamore Canyon July 3 one was at Tucson July 31 (RN, VJ). (CDeW, JS et al.). At least two were in Arivaipa Canyonfor the third year (m.ob.) and one returned to Tanque Verde Wash in Tucson RAPTORS -- Multiple White-tailed Kites were discoveredat whereit washeard July 1 (CDeW, GM et al.). A Whip-poor-willheard Marana, n. of Tucson--three June 5 (DS) and five July 15 (KK et in French Joe Canyon in the Whetstone Mts., June 3 was in a new al )--and remained at least into August. The dozen or so previous locality (GM). records were of individuals, all in springor fall. An extralimital ad. MississippiKite observedat Bill Williams Delta (hereafter, B.W. HUMMINGBIRDS -- This summerwas probably the bestever for Delta) July 24 (?CH, DK) was the first for the L.C.R. the variety of "Mexican" hummingbirdsthat travelled into the can- A pair of Zone-tailed Hawks was reported nestingfor at least the yons of s.e. Arizona, and the rarest of them camein twos. Two Plain- secondconsecutive year at Pine L., in the Hualapi Mts., near the n.w. cappedStarthroats, found frequenting a feeder in Madera Canyon limit of the species'range (R. Gerhart,fide DT). An ad. and imm. July 17 (DS, RBo, JD et al.), remained at least to mid-August Black Hawk were found July 22 in a new area--the Sierra Ancha (R. Newcomer). The four or five previousrecords have all been of Mts., n. of Globe (D. Theobald, L. Kepner). The FerruginousHawk individuals.There were alsotwo Berylline Hummingbirds:singles at is an uncommon resident of n. Arizona, so of interest was one near Ramsey Canyon feeders June 22-27 (?JE, D & TC et al.) and at the Petrified Forest N.P., June 4 (KK, SD, HL, JW). A pair of Marsh Southwest Research Station (hereafter, S.W.R.S.), June 26-28 Hawks near Holbrook June4 raisedsuspicions that the speciesmight (S. Pimm et al.). have beenbreeding there (KK et al.). Exceptfor a pair foundnearby A c• Lucifer Hummingbirdwas at a feeder in Portal for 2 weeks in in June 1977, there has been no evidence of breeding in e. Arizona mid-Juneand and againfrom July 28 into August(RM, JS, S & WS), since 1890. and at leastone female was there June23-27 (?D. Williams,JB, DDe) Records of Osprey in n. and e. Arizona are scarcein summer. A A c• White-eared Hummingbirdwas at a Portal feeder from May 29 pair wasfound nesting in late May-earlyJune in a pinetree at 6500ft in into early June(S & WS) and anotherwas in Cave Cr. CanyonJuly 13 a canyon near Upper L. Mary (T. Britt); and the known nest site on (RS). the Black R., in the White Mts., was active again this summer More CalliopeHummingbirds than usual were reported:two males (J O'Neil,fide DT). An Osprey at PrescottJuly 7-9 was unusualfor and at least one female were at Portal July 24 (SS), a male was in this time of year (CT). Madera Canyon July 26 (C. Babbitt) and a male and female were in

1004 American Birds, November 1982 RamseyCanyon July 28 •ntoAugust (RS et al ) In the out-of-normal- N W.R, July 9 (tDK) Ind•wdualAm. Redstartswere a female near placecategory were a a • Rivoli's Hummingbirdin the SierraAncha SnowflakeJune 8 (BHa), one at the S.W.R.S., June 27 (KG) and a Mts , July 25-27(CT), an Anna's Hummingbirdon SignalPeak, Pinal female at PatagoniaJuly 18 (KK). A singing• N. Parulawas found s Mts, June15-16 (D. Bailey) and a • Anna's at Portalfeeders July 17 of Mt. Union June 6 (CT). (SS, RM). Lingeringlate migrantswere a Nashvilleat PatagoniaJune 13 (DS) Spring and summer records of Broad-billed Hummingbirdsat and a Townsend'sand three Yellow-rumpedwarblers at Ramsey BoyceThompson Arboretum near Superiorhave been accumulating CanyonJune 19 (DDa). In a classby itself was the extremelylow- for yearsand it hasbeen assumed that they nestthere. The firstproof elevationRed-faced Warbler in a Phoenixyard July 27 (Z. Brighton). occurred May 31 when a nest with two young was photographed Orange-crownedWarbler was found nesting in a new area, the there. A • Broad-billedwas seennearby (B J). BradshawMts., s. of Prescott--thefirst time in 1981and againth•s summer(CT). Olive Warblerhas occurred the past two summersnear KINGFISHERS THROUGH CORVIDS -- A pair of Belted StonemanL., s. of Flagstaff,and this year in mid-Juneone was found Kingfisherswas seen near the 1980 nest site at Spring Cr., near feeding young in a nest for the first breedingrecord in that area Sedonain lateMay (JC);and a pairwas at S. Fork, nearSpringerville (C. Staicer,J. Brown). Individual • MacGillivray's Warblersfound June20 (JW et al.), but still no evidenceof nestinghas beenfound in the Carrizo and nearby Chuska Mts., July 5-6, 1981 and males there in this century. A $ Williamson'sSapsucker seen June 2 at singingin the CarrizosJune 6 this year (BHa) suggestthe speciesmay Barfoot P. (JB) furnished about the third summerrecord for the be breedingat these new locales. CbancahuaMts., wherethe specieshas not beenfound breeding. A family groupof Rose-throatedBecards and an abandonednest BLACKBIRDS -- Eastern Meadowlarks were found in three areas were seenduring July in GuadalupeCanyon (RS, KK et al.). There is where they had not been recordedpreviously: one was singingat only one previousdefinite record from that area. A least one Oliva- AndersonMesa, s.e. of FlagstaffJune 2 (JC), onewas singing at Blue, ceousFlycatcher in the SierraAncha Mts., June8 (MA) wasn. of its e. Arizona June 18 (RBr) and at least three were singingnear Globe usual range. Twelve singing• Dusky Flycatcherswere countedin June24 (BJ). A colonyof 100Yellow-headed Blackbirds with at least the Carrizo Mts., June 6, and four there July 5, 1981 (BHa) added 20 fledglingsobserved in July at a marsh n. of Elfrida (DDa) was anotherlocality to the species'summer range in n. andn.w. Arizona. farther s.e. than the speciespreviously nested. Bronzed Cowbirds Dunng a study of the breedingand life history of Buff-breasted were notedto be more establishedthan ever in the Prescottarea (CT) Flycatchers,39 individuals were tallied, most in theusual •laces in One was recordedJune 30 at Cibola N.W.R., wherethe species•s the HuachucaMts., but alsoseveral in canyonson the w. sideof the scarce (JJ). Cbancahuasand three in Rose Canyonin the SantaCatalina Mts., for the secondtime in recentyears (RBo). FRINGILLIDS -- Single 8 Cardinals were on the L.C.R., at Two nests of Barn Swallows found June 22 in Tucson were in a new Poston July 25 and Ehrenberg all season(RH, LL). A probable area (GM). Unusualwas one seen in the PinalMts., June7 (J. Loew). PaintedBunting was heardsinging at Cibola N.W.R., July 19 (tCH, The Cave Swallow at Tucson was observedgathering mud June 10 JJ). A Varied Buntingat Ft. HuachucaJune 3 (JD, RBo) wasthe first (DS) Three PurpleMartins were seenJune 3 at GanadoL., wherethe for the HuachucaMts. Notable recordsof Indigo Buntingswere of speciesis uncommon(KK et al.) and one on the late date of June 19at one at Beaver Dam WashJuly 25, 26, two malesat FredoniaJuly 24 S•erra Vista (DDa et al.). (JC, TS) andone (a white-belliedbird) singingin the White Mts., s.w Clark's Nutcrackers, recordedin May, continuedto be seenin the of McNary June9 (BHa). CbancahuaMts. Up to fivewere there June 17-27• (KG et al.). EveningGrosbeak has been recorded in the HuachucaMts. only m recentyears; this summerfour were foundin Carr Canyonand one m TITMICE THROUGH PHAINOPEPLAS -- A Bridled Titmouse Ramsey Canyon June 19 (JS), and again in Sawmill Canyon (KK) was at a low elevation in Tucson July 8 (DS). Red-breasted Two were seen July 27 at Young in the Sierra Anchas where the Nuthatcheswere unusuallynumerous in the s.e. mountainsand one speciesis erratic (CT). A singing • Lawrence's Goldfinch near was near Marana July 10 for an unprecedentedlowland summer Superior July 8 (SW) was farther e. than the specieshas been record (KK, EC). ALe Conte'sThrasher near PostonJuly 18 (?CH) recorded in summer. was awayfrom its regularareas and habitat. The Yellow-eyedJunco was still presenton Mt. Union near Pres- Two AztecThrushes were discovered:a female in GardenCanyon, cott in mid-June(D. Moll). Brewer's Sparrowwas found breeding m Huachuca Mts., July 23 (?M. & T. Root) and a male in Madera early Juneat WilliamsValley n.w. of Prescottfor the secondyear Canyon July 28 (?D. Ekdahl, ?C. Vigno). Curiously, the only previ- Althoughbreeding was suspectedin summer1980 when the species ousrecords were of two individualsoccurring in thesesame two areas was first discoveredthere, documentationoccurred only in 1981 and within a few days of each other (May 1978). How many more whenyoung were found (CT). An imm. White-crownedSparrow seen wanderedinto canyonsnot frequentedby birders? near the base of Oreen's Peak July 10 (SW) lends credenceto the The Veery was not detectedat its usual place at S. Fork, White suppositionthat the speciesbreeds in the White Mts. Mts., in either June or July (RBr, DS et al.) however, a pair of Swmnson'sThrushes was back at that locationJune 20 (and acting CONTRIBUTORS (Area compilersin boldface)-- M. Axelrod, temtorial) for the fifth consecutiveyear (JW et al.). R. Bailowitz (RBa), B. Barrett, P. Beall, J. Bock, R. Bowers(RBo), A pair of Black-cappedGnatcatchers with one youngwas observed R. Bradley(RBr), S. Burge,E.A. Cardiff, D. & T. Collazo,E. Cook, throughoutthe period in Chino Canyon for the secondyear of J. Coons (Flagstaff), D. Danforth (DDa, Sierra Vista), W. Daws, successfulbreeding there (m.ob.). Two late Ruby-crownedKinglets D. Deifik (DDe), S. Demaree, C. DeWaard, J. Dunning,J. Epler, were still in Sierra Vista June 19 (DDa). R. Ferguson, H & A. Gaither, K. Garrett, T. Gatz, S. Goldwasser Phainopeplais usuallyabsent from the L.C.R., in summer,so (Tucson), G. Gregg, B. Harrison (BHa, Nogales), R. Haywood, notablewere at leastthree individuals around Ehrenberg and a pair at B. Heap (BHe), C. Hunter, B. Jackson(Globe), J. Jackson(L.C.R), C•bola N.W.R., in July (JJ et al.). Several seenat Silver Cr., near V. Jeavons, K. Kaufman (Advisor), T. & C. Koundakjian, Snowflake,n.e. ArizonaJune 8 (BHa) lendssupport to thetheory that D. Kreuper, L. LaClaire, D. Lee, P. Lehman, H. Longstreth, the speciesbreeds in that area. G. Monson,A. Moorhouse,R. Morse, T. Myers, R. Norton, L. Piest, G. Porter, C. Romano, J. Saba, W. Spofford,S. Spofford(Portal), VIREOS, WARBLERS -- A singing • Red-eyed Vireo in the R. Stallcup,D. Stejskal,T. Stierhoff,D. Tood, C. Tomoff(Prescott), Santa Maria Mts., n.w. of PrescottJuly 10 (CT) adds to several S. West, D. Williams, R. Witzeman.--JANET WITZEMAN, 4619 summer records for the state and was the first for that locale. E. ArcadiaLane, Phoenix, AZ 85018. A Yellow-throatedWarbler in Cave Cr. Canyon, Chiricahuasfrom lateJune at leastto July7 (ph., EAC) wasin the samearea where one wasfound July 1981. Of the 9 staterecords 5 havebeen in summer.As usual there were numbersof Hooded Warblers, Ovenbirdsand Am. Redstarts--three of each this summer. A $ Hooded was at the S W.R.S., June 26-July 18 & 30 (KG, PL, RS et al.), a male was at PatagoniaJuly 18 (KK et al.) and another male was in Cave Cr. CanyonJuly 30 (RS et al.). IndividualOvenbirds were at PortalJune 12 (RM), one bandedat TucsonJune 24 (P. Walters) and at Cibola

Volume 36, Number 6 1005 New Mexico Cornudas Mts., July 21 (RH). An Inca Dove at Socorro July 29 (JS) /John P. Hubbard was a northerly straggler. Another summerrecord of Whip-poor-will in the Zuni Mts., was of a calling arizonae June 19 (JT). Common Nighthawks were numerous in s. Otero County while Lessers were fairly common n. to Three Rivers (RH). Notable was a Black Swift LOONS THROUGH IBISES -- An Arctic Loon at Zuni July 24-27 over the Rio Grande Gorge, Taos Co., July 30 (RB), while Chimneys (JT) was unusual. Eared Grebes were nestingin the Chuska Mts., summeredfor the fifth straight year at Clayton (A. Krehbiel). A July 23 (AN) and at Zuni July 11-21 (TR); birds summeringwithout Black-chinnedHummingbird bandedat CottonwoodGulch (hereaf- proof of breedingwere at Black L., Colfax Co. (RB), Isleta (WHet ter, C.G.) July 18 was the observer's first observationthere in 9 years al.), and Holloman Lakes, Otero Co. (RH). Up to three Double- (AM). Calliopes were present in the CornudasMts., in late July (fide crested Cormorants summered at Madrone Ponds, Valencia Co. (WH RH), for the first s. Otero County records. Quite unexpected, and the et al.), but no evidenceof breedingwas obtained;stragglers included first record outsidethe s.w. corner of the state, was a c• Coppery- two at L. Roberts, Grant Co., July 24 (RF). OlivaceousCormorants tailed Trogonon Otero Mesa June 23-24 (T. Stevensonet al.; ph., continued to expand in the state, with one at Holloman L., July 6-29 B. Weber). Apparently calling nestling Belted Kingfishers were at (RH) and one-two at Madrone Ponds June 9-Juiy 27 (WHet al.). Isleta June 30, with newly fledgled young there July 12 (WHet al.). Breedingcolonies of Snowy Egretsand Black-crownedNight Herons No Red-headedswere seen in the M.R.G.V., in the period, and were again active near Belen (WHet al.) and Loving (SW). A likely Lewis' were presentmainly in the n., with a pair s. to the Isleta area in "new" breedingarea for the Am. Bittern is Black L., where several mid-June(WHet al.). Hairies continuedto be rare in the M.R.G.V., were "pumping" June 7 and four were present July 2 (RB). White- while Dowuieswere widespread includingseven at BernardoJuly 1 faced Ibises were widespread beginningin late June (v.ob.), except (WHet al.); a bird of the later speciesat BosqueJune 6 (D & SH) was for six early ones at Bosque del Apache N.W.R. (hereafter, Bosque) unusual. An E. Kingbird at Bernardo June29 (WHet al.) was quite June 6 (D & SH); no breeding was evident. southerly, while a Cassin's nest near Bernalillo in mid-July was the only evidenceof breedingin the M.R.G.V. (WHet al.). An E. Phoebe near Zunl June 21 (JT) was well w. of the usual range---especiallyfor WATERFOWL THROUGH GALLIFORMS-- The Mute Swan at summer. SingingWillow Flycatcherswere presentin small numbers Bitter Lake N.W.R. (hereafter, Bitter Lake) persistedthrough the at Zuni June 21-22 and July 27 (JT) and in the M.R.G.V., from period there; it was free-flying and unbanded, although tame Bernalillo to La Joya (WHet al.), while single birds were near (K. Wood). Young Mallards, Gadwalls, Green-winged Teal and Canjilon June 20 and at Bosque June 6 & 26 (D & SH). Hammond's Redheads were at Black L. (RB); other broods included Mallards, Flycatcher was in the Zunl Mts., for the secondsummer, with eight Pintail, Ruddy Ducks, and probable Blue-wingedTeal at Holloman there June 20 (JT). Southerly Duskies included singlesin the Gallina Lakes (RH), N. Shoveler at Lake Valley, San Juan Co. (AN), Ruddy Mts., Lincoln Co., June 23, and near Cloudcroft June 19 (GS). This Ducks at Isleta (WHet al.) and L. Roberts (RF). Notable summer speciesagain summered in the Zunl Mts. (AM et al.), and two singing vagrants included three Wood Ducks in the Middle Rio Grande birds thought to be Duskies were on Santa Fe Baldy July 10 (WH, Valley (hereafter, M.R.G.V.) June 10 & July 9, and a Buffleheadat H. Wood). One to two Gray Flycatchers in the Silver City area June Zuni June 21 & July 24 (JT). Up to nine MississippiKites were present 22 & July 6 (DZ) were the first summerreports from there in several in the M.R.G.V., from Isleta to Belen (WHet al.). Buteoshave found summers.A pair of Olive-sidedFlycatchers summered in the Sandia the Navajo Indian Irrigation Project area in San Juan Co., a boon in Mts. (HS), while a bird near L. RobertsJuly 11 behavedas if nesting summeras well as winter; there were 70 hawks there June 8, including (RF). One to two BeardlessFlycatchers in GuadalupeCanyon July 18 55 Swainsoh's and 12 Ferruginous(DR). An apparent ad. Bald Eagle & 20 (D & SH) were the first reported there since 1979. near Cochiti L., June 27 (JD) was unusual. A White-tailed Ptarmigan was seen on Stateline Peak, Taos Co., June 26 (RP). Nine Bobwhites SWALLOWS, CORVIDS -- A small breeding colony of Bank near Bell L., Lea Co., June 11 (GS) were in an area where sporadic;a Swallowsnear Bernalillo June 21 (WH) was the first reported in the nest at Los Alamos in early June (M. Lewis) was the first report of state in several yearS. Several nests of Barn Swallows were at breeding by that introduced population. Surveys in poorly known Pleasanton(M. Summer) and near San Simon Cienaga (RF); this is a s. Otero County revealed that Gambel's Quail rangesE locally to the very local breeder in extreme s.w. New Mexico. A Purple Martin at Crow Flats area, just w. of the Guadalupe Mts. (RH). Willow Cr., near Pecos July 23 (R. Teuber) was the secondsummer record there; three at Red L., San Juan Co., July 10 were not in PLOVERS THROUGH TERNS -- A local first were Mountain suitable breeding habitat (AN). A vagrant Steller's Jay was at Plovers at mountain-ringedBlack L., June 12 & 24 (RB). Extraordi- Bosque, Valencia Co., June 4 & 18 (JD, KM); also in this category nary was a probable Am. Woodcock at Isleta July 9 (V. Hink, J. Sterling);there are only 2 other recordsfor the state, both in cold months. ACom. Snipe near Canjilon, Rio Arriba Co., June 20 (D & SH) was in an area where the speciesis sporadicin summer. The emergingpicture on autumnshorebird migration in the state shows that middle to late July is the typical arrival period, even for the locally breedingSpotted Sandpiper. Notable amongapparently earlier arrivals were a Greater Yellowlegs and Marbled Godwit at BosqueJune 26 (D & SH). A well-describedSemipalmated Sandpiper at Zunl July 24-27 (JT) was w. of the usual range, while a rarity at anytime was a Whimbrel at Morgan L., San Juan Co., June 6 (DR). AmericanAvocets may havebeen breeding at JuansL., July 10(AN), while Black-necked Stilts too young to fly were at Hobbs July 23 (sw). Single ad. c• Wilson's Phalaropes,behaving as thoughbreeding, Elegant Trogan male, Otero Mesa, N.M., June 24, 1982. Photo/ were at Juans L., July 10 (AN) and near Bluewater L., July 25 (AM); Bruce Weber. apparentmigrants were rather widespreadby early July, while rather anomalous were three at Holloman Lakes June 7 (RH) and two at was another(a "jay with the crest")in the CornudasMts., in late June Cochiti L., June 26 (WHet al.). One or two California Gulls at (fide RH). Four Black-billed Magpies in Santa Fe July 4 (JH) sug- JuansL., July 10 (AN) were in a new locale for summer. Apparent gestedthat a populationis now residentthere and possiblybreeding. summerstraggler Black Terns were one at Black L., June7 (RB) and A bird at Alamogordo June 28 (RF) was most likely an escape. up to 20 at Isleta June 6-July 12 (WHet al.). Two Least Terns at Holloman L., June6 (ph., RH) were the first verifiedin the statew. of CHICKADEES THROUGH MIMIDS -- Black-capped Chick- the Pecos Valley. adees were again fairly common in the M.R.G.V., s. to Bernardo, while Mountains were rare and local--mainly between Belen and DOVES THROUGH FLYCATCHERS -- North of the usual Bernardo; six apparent hybrids were seen in the latter area• plus one range was a White-winged Dove at Roswell June 7 (P. White), while at Cochiti June 26 (WHet al.). The only Verdin report in the only one was seen in surveys in s. Otero County--that in the M.R.G.V., was of one at La Joya June 25 (WH, KM). Bushtits were

1006 American Birds, November 1982 unusually common at C G (AM), irregular in the Los Lunas- FINCHES -- A Pyrrhuloxla nest near Dell City, s. Otero Co , Bernalillo area, and exceptionally high on Santa Fe Baldy--at ca. Tex., July 7 (M. Hakkila) was a local first. Indigo Buntingrecords in 11,000ft July 10 (WHet al.). A "black-eared"bird was seenat Zuni the M.R.G.V., numbered87 in the period, vs only 13 for Lazuhs June 19 (JT). Red-breastedNuthatches in the PinosAltos Mts., July 8 Four possiblehybrids were seen at AlbuquerqueJune 10 and near (DZ) and Gallinas Mts., June 23 (GS) may have been breeding, Isleta June 22-July 27 (WHet al.), plus anotherat Zuni July 27 (JT) whereas eight in the Isleta-Bosquearea June 23-July 27 (WHet al.) Neither specieswas found in summerin the SandiaMrs. (HS), and were probably early migrants. Cottonwood Gulch's first summer Indigosand Variedswere undetectedin the Carlsbadarea (SW). Only Brown Creeperswere an adult feedinga juvenile July 23 (AM). House one Evening Grosbeak was seen in the Sandia Mrs., this summer Wrens nested successfullyfor the secondconsecutive year at C.G., (HS); southeasterlyrecords were three in the Gallinas Mrs., June 23 where sporadic(AM). Gray Catbirdswere commonin the M.R.G.V., (GS) and one near RuidosoJune 5 (JS). Cassin's Finchessummered in from Corrales to Belen, with scatteredbirds elsewhere, including the SandiaMrs., with femalescarrying nesting material there June 12 four at La JoyaJune 25 (WHet al.); a vagrantwas at Silver City June (HS). A female and two fledglings were at Los Alamos June 6 29 (DZ). Southerly Sage Thrasherswere three in the North Plains, (B. Lewis); sevenbirds were near Canjilon June 19 (D & SH), and Clbola Co., June 8, and birds nestednear C.G. (AM). another at Zuni June 19 (JT). Brown-cappedRosy Finches were presenton StatelinePeak June 26 (RP). Pine Siskinswere presentin THRUSHES THROUGH VIREOS -- Single singingVeeries were Albuquerqueuntil July 1 andmay haveraised a secondbrood (WHet near CanjilonJune 19 (D & SH) and at CochitiJune 29 & July 1 (WHet al.). Vagrant Am. Goldfincheswere singlesat CorralesJuly 2, Belen al ), this speciesis very rare in New Mexico at any season,and June 9 & 23 (WH, KM), and Silver City June 16 (DZ). Lesserswere breedingis unconfirmed.A singingd' E. Bluebird at C.G., July 4 more common than usual at C.G. (AM). Lowland stragglerswere (AM) was a notable w. straggler.Southerly recordsof Townsend's sevenRed Crossbillsat CorralesJune 4 andone at AlbuquerqueJune Solitairesincluded one in the PinosAltos Mts., June26 (RF), eightin 21 (WH, M. Laurin). A Green-tailedTowhee at BosqueJune 6 (D & the Gallinas Mts., June 23, and two near Cloudcroft June 19, C.G; a SH) was out-of-range;20 were in the Cloudcroftarea June 19 (GS) juvenile was at C.G., July 24 (AM). Surveys in s. Otero County Rufous-sidedTowbee numberswere up at C.G. (AM). Savannah revealed several pairs of Black-tailed Gnatcatchersin the Cornudas Sparrowsagain summeredat Black L., with adults carryingfood Mts , and another near Orogrande (RH). Golden-crowned Kinglets there July 2 (RB); numberswere up near Bluewater L., with a nest again summered in the Sandia Mts. (HS), and in the Zuni Mts., a foundJuly 4 (AM). Lark Sparrowsin s. Otero Countywere confined dependentjuvenile June 20 (JT) furnishedthe first breedingrecord as breeders to wooded habitats (RH). Cassin'sSparrow numbers there. SixtyRuby-crowneds were countedin the ZunisJune 20 (JT). A were up in partsof the s.w., with highsof 63 near Nutt June11 and 25 c• Phainopeplaat a nest near Alma in early Juneprovided the first near Las Cruces June 10 (W. Baltosser); in s. Otero County birds breedingreported from Catton County;northerly was a femalenear were first detectedin the Crow Flats area June30•after the firstgood Reserve later in June or early in July (R. Skaggs)and a male at San rain--and becamewidespread and territorial thereafter (RH). Two Acacia June 25 (KM). Easterly birds includedone in Dog Canyon, family groupsof White-crownedSparrows and ad. Lincoln's Spar- GuadalupeMts., July 15 (SW) and several s.w. of Pinyon and in the rows carrying food were on Mr. Taylor July 12 (AM et al.); these Cornudas Mts. (RH). The Bell's Vireo in the Eddy County area recordsprovided the first evidenceof breedingby the speciesat that seemedbarely holdingits own (SW). A pair of Gray Vireos, another locality; both were also presentnear CanjilonJune 19-20(D & SH) dechningspecies in the state, was near PinyonJuly 15 (RH), and a Straggler Song Sparrows were singlesat C.G., July 18 (AM) and singingbird was at Zuni July 26 (JT). Notable vagrantswere single Isleta and near Belen June 13 (WHet al.). Yellow-throatedVireos at Cochiti June 26-29 (JD et al.) and at Aguirre Springs, Organ Mts., June 3 (K. Zimmer). StragglingRed-eyed CONTRIBUTORS -- R. Bright, J. Duff, R. Fisher, R. Hill, Vweos were four in the Corrales-Bosquearea June 10-July 11 (WHet W. Howe, J. Hubbard,D. & S Huntington,A. McCallurn,K. McCly- al ), and one at Zuni July 27 (JT). Warbling Vireos wanderedthrough monds, A. Nelson, R. Peterson, D. Renwald, T. Rhoades, the M.R.G.V., until mid-June,but there is no evidenceof breedingby G. Schmitt, H. Schwarz, J. Shipman, J. Trochet, S. West, and these birds or those in summer at C.G. (AM) D. Zimmerman.--JOHN P. HUBBARD, 2016 Valle Rio, Santa Fe, N.M. 87501. WARBLERS -- Notable summer stragglersincluded a Tennessee Warbler at C.G., July 25 (AM et al.), a Lucy's at Silver City July 20 (DZ), four N. Parulasin the Albuquerque-Bosquearea June7-16, a singing Blackpoll Warbler at Bosque June 23 (WHet al.), and a Painted Redstart near Taos July 13 (RB). Virginia's Warblers per- sisted in the M.R.G.V., into early June, then returned after a brief ALASKA REGION absencein late Juneand July (WHet al.). Yellow Warblerscontinued /D. D. Gibson to be very local and uncommonin the M.R.G.V., with most recordsat San Ildefonso and Isleta (WHet al.); for the secondstraight year, the speciessummered at C.G. (AM). The Parulid eventof the seasonwas The cold late springapparently resulted in poor productivityfor the discoveryof a Red-facedWarbler nest with youngin the Sandia manycoastal waterbirds, as a numberof specieswere unableto begin Mts , June 6, and birds were seenthere throughJuly 10 (HS et al.); egg laying until two-three weeks later than normal. Away from the this breedingrecord is some100 mi n.n.e. of the neareststation to the coast,however, summer 1982 was normally warm anddry, not nearly s (MagdelenaMts.), and the expansionparallels a trend already seen so wet as was 1981. •n Arizona. SHEARWATERS AND CORMORANTS -- On midsummer ICTERIDS THROUGH TANAGERS -- Only one E. Meadow- transectsin the n. North Pacificand Gulf of Alaskain Juneand July, lark was heard this summer at Zuni (TR, JT), while the specieswas Mottled Petrelwas observedwidely and sometimescommonly (e g, common and the only Sturnella reported in summer in s. Otero 95 birds at 54ø59'N143ø35'W, July 21), but only in very smallnumbers County (RH). Yellow-headedBlackbirds were confirmedbreeding at within 320 km of the Alaska coast. Maxima were seven birds at Black L. (RB), but early summerreports near Valencia(J. DulTie et 49ø17'N179ø57'W (south of AmchitkaPass, c. AleutianIslands) June al ) and Bosque(D & SH) lackedsuch indication. Peripheral summer 21 and six birds at 55ø00'N 140ø09'W(e. Gulf of Alaska) July 23 records of Great-tailed Grackles included Zuni (TR, JT), near (RHD). A nestingcolony of 23 pairs of Brandt's Cormorantswas Bluewater L. (AM), Tucumcari (JH), and Cliff (J. Egbert, RF); discoveredon the Hazy Is., off CoronationI., SoutheasternAlaska however,no breedingwas reportedin theseareas. Small numbers of June25 (WAL & JWN). Nest-buildingwas still goingon at the time, Com. Grackles were recorded near El Rito, Rio Arriba Co., June 20 as it was for Pelagicand Double-crestedcormorants nesting there as (D & SH), San Ildefonso (WHet al.), Zuni June 21 (JT), BosqueJune well. This discoveryprovides the first breedingevidence between the 6 (D & SH), and Otis, Eddy Co. July 28 (SW). Still very local in Grant smallcolony in HinchinbrookEntrance, PrinceWilliam Sound,and County, three Bronzed Cowbirds at Silver City July 23 (DZ) were the British Columbia coast. notable. Hepatic Tanagerswere more numerousthan usual in the C G area (AM), while Summerswere uncommonin the M.R.G.V., WATERFOWL -- "Aleutian" CanadaGeese (B.c. leucopareta) n to Cochiti (WHet al.); a c• Summer at Zuni June 21 (JT) was well werefound in theIslands of FourMountains, c. Aleutian.s, for thefirst n w of the usual range. time: 15 birdsat Amukta I., June12-13 and 65 birds(including a flock

Volume 36, Number 6 1007 Rufous-necked Sandpiper at Anchorage July 18 (tRLS) were both interestingrecords of rare birds at that locality. SouthboundSemipal- mated Sandpipers(adults) were first seenan AnchorageJune 25 (80 birds); they peaked July 5 (at 120 birds), and they were present afterwards as singles through the rest of the month (RLS). Two Semipalmatedswere seenat Chiniak Bay, Kodiak (where rare), July 10 (RAM & RHD). Western Sandpiperwas first seensouthbound at AnchorageJune 26 (RLS), and maximumcount there was 150+ July 22, with' numbers still building (TGT). First W. Sandpipers of the "fall" at Kodiak were 350 birds at Womens Bay July 3; numbers peaked there July 10, when 6000 were present at Chiniak Bay (RAM & RHD). Subsequently,numbers dropped to 300 by July 16, to 70 by July 29 (RAM & JBA). A defensive Short-billed Dowitcher studied at Mile 103.5 Denali Highway June 22 (JLD et al.) provided the first inland record of the speciesin the Region. Perhapsthis bird was an example of inland- breeding L. g. hendersoni, from w. Canada, rather than L. g. caurinus, which breeds on the s. Alaska coast? A c• Ruff observed near the Kuparuk R., July 5 (DMT) providedthe fourth PrudhoeBay- area r•cord and numbers among few for the whole arctic coast of Alaska.

GULLS THROUGH ALCIDS-- A subad. Black-headed Gull that briefly visited the Anchorage waterfront July 5 (*TGT, DFD) provided a first record for upper Cook Inlet and only the third for the whole Alaska Pacific coast e. of the Aleutians. An ad. Slaty-backed Gull was observed at Homer June 20 (*TGT & LJO). Most records of this bird that far e. have been in fall or winter. An adult and an imm. Red-legged Kittiwake were seen in the North Pacific at 54ø58'N 157ø38'W,and anotherimmature at 55ø18'N 156ø23'W,in the vicinity of the ShumaginIs., July 8 (RHD). No one has found any evidence that this speciesbreeds e. of the Pribilofs,so such summer records are presumedto be of nonbreeders.We are in the midstof quite a flurry of of 62) at Chagulak I., June 16. On July 10 a nest with 4 eggs was CaspianTerns in Alaska. Most recently, two birds were observedat discoveredat Chagulak(]LT et al.,fide CFZ), confirmingbreeding in Homer Spit July 19(tRLS). They providedthe fifth and westernmost this section of the Aleutians. None of these birds had been banded or Alaska record (see AB 35:853,970, and AB 36:885). Six Parakeet collared. A Canada Goose at St. Paul I., Pribilofs, June 16-17 was Auklets were observed at Petrel Island July 21 0NAL & JWN). This estimatedto be leucopareia,and anotherindividual there on 17thwas locality, adjacent to Forrester I., on Dixon Entrance, is as far s. in believedto be a miniresOLD). Elsewhere,"Cackling" Canada Geese SoutheasternAlaska as the speciescan go. Whether or not the small (B, c. minires)on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta sufferedas a resultof numbers recorded in recent summersalong the outer coast of South- the late, cold spring.Not over 25% of their nestswere successfulthis eastern (see alsoAB 35:970) are breedingthere remainsto be deter- year. Brant and Emperor geesefared better than Canadasthere, but mined. were less successfulthan usual (GVB). In an echoof distributionseen during recent prairie droughtyears, WOODPECKERS, TYRANT FLYCATCHERS -- A Red- 25 Canvasbacksand two c• Redheadswere seen at Safety Sound, breasted Sapsuckernear Monashka Bay, Kodiak I., June 13 (SW) Seward Pen., June 26, but not earlier OLD et al.). Elsewhere, furnished the first summer record for the island (see AB 36:322). A Redheads at unusual localities included one male at AnchorageJune LeastFlycatcher that held a territoryon a mixed spruce-birchhillside 18-23(TGT & JLD) and two males together at Homer June 23 (JLD). in Anchorage June 14-23 ($RLS & $TGT et al.) provided the first substantiatedrecord of the speciesin Alaska. Least breeds quite FALCONS THROUGH SHOREBIRDS -- Four Am. Kestrels closeto us, in s. Yukon Territory, and closely-relatedHammond's is makingshort flights in the vicinity of a half-fallentree trunk on a ridge locally commonin the Tanaria R. valley ofe.-c. Alaska, but there is no above Valdez Aug. 3 (GJT) may represent local breeding. This evidenceof sympatry, nor informationon their ecologicalseparation specieshas been known in SouthcoastalAlaska only asa fall migrant. in this area (for, publishedhabitat preferencesof Hammond's not- Following last summer's discovery of a Sandhill Crane nest and withstanding, in Alaska it breeds not in mountainsor in conifers, but youngon Princeof Wales I., Southeastern(AB 35:970),two nesting in deciduousand in mixed foreststhat would probably be regarded pairs were locatedthere in summer 1982. A pair with a 3-day-old elsewhereas Least habitats). It would appear, moreover, that the e. chick were seenn.w. of Klawock June9 (PJC & JRR,fide TEK), and Alaska Hammond'sconstitute a populationdisjunct from the birds of a pair with one chick was seennear Thorne Bay June25 (SS). w. Canada(and s.e. Alaska), separatedgeographically by the Yukon A Far Eastern Curlew was studied at Clam Lagoon, Adak I., c. Least Flycatchers,which are, in turn, the northwesternmostbirds in AleutiansJune 12-15 (tCFZ et al.). Most Regionalrecords of thisbird a continuous range across Canada. If this sounds complicated, I are from that island,probably a resuRof the combinationof summer- believe it is (and Dusky Flycatcher, occurringto n. British Columbia, longobserver coverage and the existenceof one of the few lagoonsin undoubtedlyfurther complicatesthe issue). An E. Kingbird studied the c. and w. Aleutians. Marbled Godwits, which have been watched at closerange near Barrow June30 OLD et al.) was mostunusual, but with interest in recent years on their spring migration route along there are a number of records of this bird as a mid-summer visitor Alaska's Pacific coast, have been discoveredin the Region in sum- along the arctic coast. mer, in numbers,in preciselythe area where C.L. McKay collected two birds (of four Alaska specimensknown) in 1881 (see Osgood THRUSHES THROUGH BLACKBIRDS -- A • Mountain 1904, A biological reconnaissanceat the base of the Alaska Penin- Bluebird was observedJune 21 at a homesteadat Mile 6 Edgerton sula, N. Am. Fauna No. 24). In early July, 600-1000Marbled Godwits Hwy (RBW & JSW), where the bird may have been a breeder. There were observed on tidal flats in Ugashik Bay, Alaska Pen. (MEI, are very few actual breedingrecords for Alaska, all of them within SMM, KH). The observers were busy with other tasks and so were about 250 km of the Yukon boundary. In additionto the Indian Tree unable to study these birds at length, but if these godwits nest Pipits recorded at Attu, Agattu, Sbemya, and St. Lawrence islands somewhere in that area, they do so some 3500 km from the nearest this spring(q.v.), two birds were seenJune 7 at St. Paul I. (tCH), part of their understoodbreeding range (the c. Albertaplains), and in providinga first Pribilofrecord. This specieswas alsoreported at St. rather different habitat. Matthew I., in June (MLW), but there were no specificsat this Two late spring(or early fall?)ad. Rufous-neckedSandpipers were writing. A singingPhilatlelphia Vireo observedand tape-recordedat seen at St. Paul I., in mid-June OLD). An ad. Red Knot and an ad. Eagle June27 (*RRM) provideda first recordfor Alaska. This species

1008 American Birds, November 1982 breeds as far n. and w. as the Peace R. country of n.e. British boldface)--J.B. Allen, R.F. Bartels, G.V. Byrd, P.J. Coffey, R.H. Columbia. There is no prior record of any vireo in c. Alaska. Two, Day, D.F. DeLap, J.L. Dunn, K. Hafiinger,C. Hohenberger,M.E. possiblythree, singingTennessee Warblers June 17 at Eagle (RRM) Isleib, T.E. Kogut, W.A. Lehnhansen,R.A. Macintosh, R.R. Mol- were only the secondsummer record in c. Alaska.A d Red-winged denhauer, S.M. Murphy, J.W. Nelson, L.J. Oakley, A. Ronsse, Blackbird observed at Barter I., June 8 (AR & DR) and a Brown- D. Ronsse, J.R. Riggers, S. Scheldt, R.L. Scher, G.J. Tans, T.G. headedCowbird seenthere July 16(RFB) were both unusual,but not Tobish, J.L. Trapp, D.M. Troy, M.L. Ward, R.B. Weeden, J.S. unprecedented,records for the arctic coast. Weeden, S. Wilson, C.F. Zeillemaker; ? details on file U.A.M. -- D.D. GIBSON, Universityof Alaska Museum, 907 Yukon Drive, CONTRIBUTORS AND OBSERVERS (Sub-regionaleditor in Fairbanks, Alaska 99701.

NORTHERN PACIFIC COAST REGION /Bill Harrington-Tweit,Phil Mattocks,and Eugene Hunn

The dry weather of late spring continuedinto June. Rainfall was about two-thirds of the normal levels for the Vancouver, British Columbiaand Seattle, Washingtonweather stations,and 90% of that fell in the last five days of the month. Temperatures throughout the Region averaged about 3ø F over the longterm norms. During July both temperature and precipitation were near normal. The only reportedeffects of the warm, dry Junewere not on bird populationsor nesting success,but on local gardens. The several vagrant species found were scattered through the season.

LOONS THROUGH DUCKS -- The only nestingreport of Com. Loons came, as usual, from Vancouver I., (hereafter, V.I.), on Pye L., near Campbell R. (HT). Numbers of summeringW. Grebes continuedto be very low comparedwith a decadeago. The largest reportedflock was 35 offs. VA. (VG). Northern Fulmarswere found by the hundreds off Washington and Oregon in July (TW; M. Gray- bill,fide AM). Summeringnumbers of this speciesvary greatly from year to year. Following an exceptionally large number of spring records of Brown Pelicans, good numbers were found along the Cape Oregon coastat the end of July (HN). To the n., a Brown Pelican was found long dead in a cormorant colony on Mandarte I., B.C., for the eleventh documented provincial record (*Cowan Vertebrate Musuem, Univ. of B.C., P. Arcese}.Increases in cormorantbreeding populationshave been reportedfor the past 3 summers.This season was no exception.A new colonyof PelagicCormorants was formed at Stanley P., Vancouver, B.C. (W. & H. Hesse), and the colony of Double-crestedson Grays Harbor, Wash., increasedby 100 nests (EC, W.D.G.). Green Herons were noted n. to Port Alberni, V.I. Another southernraptor, the Red-shoulderedHawk, was reported (J. Morgan}, and most observers commented that the species was 3 timesfrom DouglasCounty, Oreg. (MS; KK,fide HN). Breedingof widespread and in good numbers. this speciesis being watched for in the area. Every Osprey nest A pair of Pintails nestedat Kent, Wash. (EH), for one of only afew checkedfor productivitywas successful. Two newOsprey nests were w. Washington breeding records. Nesting Green-winged Teal at reported, one at Saanich, V.I. (VG), and the other in Thurston Willapa N.W.R. (RW) and Ocean Shores(G & WH) providedthe first County, Wash. (BHT). Marsh Hawk breedingwas reported only breeding records for the outer coast of Washington.There were 3 from LeadbetterPt., Wash., wherea successfulrenesting was noted broods of Am. Wigeon at Delta, B.C. (WW). The first documented in late June (RW). There were no reports on Peregrinenesting. The breeding records for the Vancouver, B.C., area were obtained only only indication of Merlin breedingwas at Elk Falls P.P., V.I. (HT). last summer.The large numbersofjuv. Mallards reportedby widely Few observersmentioned Am. Kestrels, but one report from Olym- scattered observers seemed to indicate a very successfulnesting pia, Wash., noted that 4 traditional sites in that area were vacant this season. Larger-than-usual numbers of Greater Scaup summered in summer (JD). the Region. Hundreds were noted along the Oregon coast (HN), California Quail had numerous,large broods in the Victoria area 100+ at Grays Harbor, Wash. (DP, G & WH), and 180 near Van- (VG), but there were no sightingsin nearby Duncan (JC) where couver, B.C. (WW). Such summerreports usually do not total more numbershave been low for the last 3 years. The SandhillCranes at than50 birds.A • Oldsquawwas present on Yaquina Bay throughthe Pitt Meadows, B.C., produced at least one young (M. Shamlock). season (JK, m.ob.). Scoters were reported in higher-than-normal Aside from the Queen Charlotte I., this is the only regularly used numberson the Oregon coast (HN), but were sparselyreported from breeding locale in the Region, and some of the banded birds released Washington waters. However, scoters appeared to be present in there during 1981 stayed in the vicinity all this summer. Along the normal numbers in the southern V.I. area (VG), a relhtively short lower Columbia R., Wash., a pair of apparently territorial Sandhill distance away. Cranes stayeduntil the mowingof their patch of suitablehabitat in early June (A. Richards, A. Musche). Breeding Am. Coots were RAPTORS TO COOTS -- Following several sightingsof single observedat 8 localitiesin Washington.The highestnumber of nests adults last winter and spring, a family group of two adult and two found was 45 on Nisqually L., Pierce Co. (BHT). There were sum- rusty-breastedjuv. White-tailed Kites were found on Leadbetter Pt., mering birds, but no reported breeding activity, near Vancouver, Wash., Sept. 18 & 23 (?RW et al.). This suggestedpossibly the first B.C. (DK). breeding of this speciesfor Washington.Despite the discovery of paired birds at several Oregon locationsthis spring.and 5 reportsof SHOREBIRDS -- The Snowy Plover habitat at Leadbetter Pt., White-tailed Kites during the summer seasonin s.w. Oregon (MM, Wash., posted againstintrusion again this year, supportedl0 pairs K. Rodecap,fide EzE), there was no other evidence of breeding and at least l0 chicks for another successfulseason (RW). There was noted. a high count of sevenad. Snowiesat Ocean Shores,Wash. (DP), and

Volume 36, Number 6 1009 several were noted at Coos Bay, Oreg. Flocks of 100-200Surfbirds nest June 20 (D. Beaudette). Despite widespread reports of Barred and both Black and Ruddy turnstonesappeared abruptly on our Owls for many years, this was only the second confirmed nestingin shorelinesJuly 17-21 (AC, DP, TW, D. Smith). The numbersare the Region. The first was in 1975(AB 29:900). Barred Owls were also somewhat unusual but the arrival pattern is not. For most other sightedat 2 new localesin w. Washington;at Silver L., n. of Maple migrant shorebirdspecies a few individualsmake their first appear- Falls, Whatcom Co. (D. McNeeley) and in Fort Dent P., Tukwila, ance well before the major flocks arrive. Peak counts of some King Co. (B. Brynteson).Two just s. of CampbellR., V.I. (HT) in late shorebirds were: 204 Whimbrel at Ocean Shores, Wash., July 21 July are the northernmostyet reportedfor the Region. One was also (DP), 20 Greater Yellowlegsat Victoria, V.I., July 16(R. Satterfield), heard July 24 at Victoria (M. & T. Shepard).An ad. Great Gray Owl 245 SemipalmatedPlovers and 3000 Short-billedDowitchers around and two fledgedyoung were found June 25-27 in the mountainsjust e. Grays Harbor, Wash., July 21 (DP), eight Baird's Sandpipersat Iona of Ashland, Oreg. (MM, m.ob.). This is the first reported nestingof I., Vancouver, B.C., July 16 (DK), 150 Least Sandpipersat Til- this speciesin the Cascadesof w. Oregon, althoughsuch has been lamook, Oreg., July 3 (JG), and 26,500 W. Sandpipersat Grays suspectedfor many years.A pair of Saw-whetOwls bred successfully Harbor July 21 (DP). A record highcount for the Regionwas the 70 + at Burnaby, B.C. (I. Robertson). There are few nestingrecords of this SemipalmatedSandpipers at Iona I., July 16-17(tBK). speciesfrom the lowlands. The continued scarcity of Com. Nighthawks was stressed by observersin the Rogueand Willamette valleysof Oregon(MM, EzE, HN), through to the Puget Trough of Washington and s. British Columbia (BHT, W. Harm, DK). The second nesting record of the Anna's Hummingbird for Oregon was evidenced by a fledgling, barely able to fly, found in Corvallis June 1 (E & EzE). Two nestsof Anna's Hummingbirds at Discovery P., Seattle (DH), were the fifth and sixth recorded for Washington. The summer distribution of Anna's is by no meanscontinuous. The speciesis commonin partsof Seattle (DH), yet scarce or absent to the s. in Tacoma and Olympia. To the n., at least 11 Anna's summeredat Victoria (VG), and at least three were present all summer at a feeder in W. Vancouver, B.C. (C. Butt). There were severalreports of local declinesor scarcitiesof woodpeckers, which is rather unsettling in this big timber country. Common Flickers were in low numbersat Duncan, V.I. (JC). Hairy Woodpeckersare now only rarely reported from the Corvallis area {E & EzE), and are scarce at Victoria {VG). A Black-backed Three- toed Woodpeckernest found s.w. of Mt. St. Helens, Wash. {D. An- derson) was noteworthy, not so much for the locale, but for the scarcity of actual nest observations in our Region. Only four E. Two shotsof the same Rufous-neckedStint, TillamookBay, Oreg., Kingbirds and five W. Kingbirds were reported away from the known June 20, 1982. Photos/Jeff Gilligan. breedinglocales for each species.This is a somewhatlower number than normal. A pair of W. Kingbirds nested at Ft. Lewis, Wash. The first Oregon records of the Rufous-neckedStint were of two (BHT, GW) for the first nestingrecord of this speciesin the Puget different birds in breeding plumage found on the Bayocean flats, Trough. Skylarks were found singing over a field near Cowichan Tillamook Bay, June 20 & July 3 (ph.-JG, ph.-O. Schmidt,D. Irons; Station, V.I., July 8 (PRW). This is the farthest n.w. location yet photosexamined-ed.). A Long-billed Curlew June 9 & 15 at Blackie known to be occupied. Spit (RP, V. Newson, WW et al.) and several Red Knots along BoundaryBay duringJune and July (BK, MP et al.) providedonly the second summer records of these speciesfor the Vancouver, B.C., MARTINS TO BLUEBIRDS -- The Purple Martin news was area. A Willet on Boundary Bay, B.C., June 6-9 (•-MP et al.) repre- generallygood, with the exceptionof that from V.I. The two pairs at sented about the ninth Vancouver area record. A Ruff found at Iona Duncan, V.I., was the lowest count there in 14 years (JC) and Victoria I., B.C., July 21-23 was a very early fall migrant (•-BK, K. Bell, hostedonly a few more than that (VG). In Washingtonthere were 20- D. Aidcroft). 25 broods producedin s. Puget Sound(JD). In Oregon MS reported The large colonyof Glaucous-wingedand W. gullson Willapa Bay, increasingsightings in Douglas County, and a locale near Toledo was Wash., was surveyed this summerfor the first time since 1977(BHT, used after several year's absence (JK, fide HN). Scrub Jays are SS). There were 3000+ nestingpairs, presentingan array of vivid iris slowly increasingtheir rangeto the N and W in the Region.AM noted colors and plumagepatterns. In 1977, there were 1000-1500nesting that the species is becoming more prevalent in the drier, inland pairs. Willapa Bay's other nestinggull, the Ring-billed, is also in- portionsof Coos County, Oregon. As in past summers,Rock Wrens creasing. About 60+ nests were counted this June (BHT, SS). were found on the w. slopeof the Cascadesin Washington,this year SummeringBonaparte's Gulls remainedat low levels for the fourth in King and Whatcom cos. (EH, J. Duemmel). As with the previous consecutive summer. However, after 3 low years, the numbers of summer records from the w. slope, no evidence of breeding was non-breedingBlack-legged Kittiwakes were up alongthe Washington obtained. Another Rock Wren was at a quarry near Tualatin, s. of coast (DP, G & WH, BHT). HN noted that Heermann's Gulls were Portland June 22 {E. Lev,fide HN). There were 3 reports of Mocking- abundant along the Oregon coast, with unusuallyhigh numbersof birds; one June 3-5 in Campbell River, V.I. (HT), one July 6 at Coos immaturespresent. Head, Oreg. (AM), and one June 18 in Medford, Oreg. (fide MM). A record count of almost4000 pairs of CaspianTerns was madeat Gray Catbirds are intermittent breeders at Pitt Meadows in the the colonies along the Washington coast this summer (EC, W.D.G, Fraser R. valley e. of Vancouver, B.C. Two to three Gray Catbirds BHT, SS). Several hundred more adults were noted throughout were presentthroughout the summerat Pitt Meadows(H. Brownlow) coastal Washingtonand British Columbia. At the end of July, HN for the first sightingsthere since 1979. One was also seen nearby at reportedthat very largenumbers of Com. Murres were presentalong DeBouville Slough July 24 (RP et al.). There are no other known the Oregon coast, both dead on the beachesand alive just offshore. breedingsites in the Region. The explanationfor this concentrationmay be the warm anchovy- The PembertonValley n. of Vancouver. B.C., is alsothe only part rich water onshoreat this time, attractingbirds and thereby enhanc- of our Region with breeding Veeries. Twelve were found near Pem- ing the visibility of normal mortality. There were somelarge concen- berton, B.C., June 13 (K. Hobson et al.). A lone bird was singingat trations of Marbled Murrelets reported: 29 at Port Susan, Wash., Pitt Meadows July 8 (iMP) for the third Vancouver area record. Mike June 2 (BHT), and 50 at Pt. Roberts, Wash., June 30 (RP). There were Paczolt's nest boxes at Agate L., JacksonCo., Oreg., successfully also two rare summer sightingsof the Ancient Murrelet: one with five fledged 120 young W. Bluebirds. Nearby in Douglas County, how- Marbleds s. of Yachats, Oreg., July 21 (AC), and two apparent ever, MS noted that bluebirdsseemed to be having more trouble than juveniles well offshorefrom Westport, Wash. (DP, TW). usual. Reproductivesuccess also appearedlow on Ft. Lewis, Wash. (BHT, GW). A nestbox at Metchosin, V.I., produced four young OWLS TO SKYLARKS -- A pair of Barred Owls bred in Dis- (VG) and the success of a snag-nestingpair in the Sooke Hills, covery P., Seattle(ph., DH, m.ob.). Three youngwere seenout of the Malahat Land District, V.I., was undetermined (PRW).

1010 American Birds, November 1982 VIREOS AND WARBLERS -- HN noted that Warbling Vireos in Evidence of breedingcame from Victoria (B. McCabe,fide VG) and Oregonwere quite conspicuous,with goodreproduction. However, Everett, Wash. (specimenof fledgling,fide M. Jordan). Lazuli Bunt- Warbling Vireos were noted as scarceat Olympia, Wash. (JD), and ings were noted more frequently than usual within their regular Duncan, V.I. (JC). EH detected a generaldecline in vireo numberson breedingrange in Oregon (HN). In Washington,where Lazulis breed the Issaquah, Wash., Breeding Bird Survey. Solitary Vireos were very sparinglyw. of the Cascades,singing males were noted at 2 new extremely scarce at Duncan, V.I. (JC). Red-eyed Vireo numbers locationsin King County (EH) and one in Lewis County (BHT). A • were below normal at Olympia, Wash. (JD, BHT). In contrast, Indigo Bunting stayedJuly 28-Aug. 4 alonga powerline right-of-way reports of Yellow Warbler breeding successwere uniformly good, near Eugene, Oreg. (B. Combs, m.ob.). from Ashland, Oreg. (MM), Leadbetter Pt., Wash. (RW), and Dun- Red Crossbillswere present throughoutthe period in the lowlands can, V.I. (JC). MacGillivray's Warblers were also believed to have of British Columbia. To the s., however, they were virtually unre- had an excellent nesting season in Oregon (HN). Indications of ported during June. Small groups appeared in early July in the possiblebreeding range expansionsincluded a singing• Nashville lowlands of Washington (EH, BHT) and Oregon (E & EzE). The Warbler near Issaquah, Wash., June 20 (EH), and several singing speciesbegan nesting activities at the end of July in Olympia, Wash. Yellow-breastedChats presentJune 18-July 11 at Broadbent,on the (BHT), and on Vashon L., near Seattle, Wash. (PM). The Douglasfir Coquille R., Oreg., for the first Coos County records(fide AM). cone crop was abundantat both locations.Green-tailed and Brown Reports of Am. Redstarts were widespread. One to two pairs were towhees were reported in good numbers from Jackson and Douglas near Newhalem, Wash., June 6-13 (TW) in the same alder swamp as cos., in s. Oregon (MS, MM, S. Gordon). These 2 countiescomprise last year. There were four recordsof Am. Redstartswhich appeared the extent of their breedingrange in our Region. A Vesper Sparrow to be vagrants:one male at SproatL., V.I., June 11 (MP), a first-year was at Pitt Meadows, B.C., June 26 (tMD), somewhat n. of its usual male in W. Vancouver, B.C., June 30-July I (?DK, ?D. Cannings, range. A Fox Sparrow was at the South Jetty of the Columbia R., June m.ob.), an ad. male at Sea I., Vancouver, B.C., July 2 ($MP), and an 28 (JG), well s. of its usual range, and two were at N. Vancouver, ad. male at Foster Res., e. of Corvallis, Oreg., July 11-18(F. Graves, B.C., June28 with one still there June30 (?MD). A pair ofpugetensis fide EzE). The pair of Am. Redstartsseen near Glide, e. of Roseburg, White-crowned Sparrows was closely observed feeding two fledg- Oreg., July 6, but not found when searchedfor later (KK), was lings July 30 at White Pass, Wash. (tPM). White-crowned Sparrows difficult to categorize. More unusual vagrants were a • Black- have been observed at that location in previous summers, but the throated Green Warbler June 19 at Reifel I., B.C. (tWW), for the first subspecieshad not been determined.The 4300 ft elevation is higher Vancouver area and coastal British Columbia record, another • than other known breeding locations of pugetensis and lower, and Black-throated Green Warbler, also seen June 19, at Cape Blanco, much farther s. or n., than thosg of garnbelii or orianthti. Curry Co., Oreg. (R. Smith, fide HN), and a • Chestnut-sided Warbler June6 on BayoceanPen., Tillamook Co., Oreg. ($JG). INITIALED OBSERVERS and ABBREVIATIONS, with Sub- ORIOLES TO SPARROWS -- Northern Orioles continue to Regional Editors in boldfacq.John Comer, Alan Contreras, Eric slowly increasetheir breedingpopulations around Victoria and Van- Cummins, Mark Daly, Jack Davis, Elsie & Elzy Eltzroth (EzE), Jeff couver, B.C. A nest at Victoria fledged four young, and there were Gilligan, Vie Goodwill,Glen & Wanda Hoge, Dave Hutchinson,Brian sightingsof eight+ other adultsthere (VG). Of a total of 16 sightings Kautesk, Ken Knittie, Jan Krabbe, DougKragh, Alan McGie, Mar- in the Vancouver, B.C., area (fide DK), the only nestingreport was of jorie Moore, Harry Nehls, Dennis Paulson, Roy Phillips, Michael two adultsfeeding two fledglingsat DeBouville Slough(RP et al.). An Price, Martha Sawyer, Steve Speich, Howard Telosky, Terry Wahl, ad. • Rose-breastedGrosbeak was seen June 30 near Green L., in George Walter, Wayne Weber, Ralph Widrig (RW), P. Ray Williams Seattle, Wash., for only the secondw. Washingtonrecord (tM. Kep- (PRW). W.D.G. = WashingtonDept. of Game, and (•) = written linger). Black-headedGrosbeaks were noted to be unusuallyabun- description on file.--BILL HARRINGTON-TWEIT, 900 N. Wilson, dant by 2 Washingtonobservers (JD, RW). The only other mentionof Olympia, Wash. 98506, PHILIP W. MATTOCKS, JR., Dept of Zool- the specieswas that they were fairly commonat CampbellRiver, V.I. ogy, Univ. of Washington,Seattle, Wash. 98195, and EUGENE S. (HT). A few Evening Grosbeaksremained in the lowlandsinto June. HUNN, 1816 N. 57th St., Seattle, Wash. 98103.

MIDDLE PACIFIC COAST REGION /Ron LeValley and JulesEvens

Mostly typical summerweather greetedus this year. Junewas a bit cooler than normal but July brought typically hot weather to the e.. Shasta .- . ,1' interior. A small front passedthrough the northern portion of the Region at the end of June droppinga bit of rain but otherwisethe . EurekaLASSEN • ' •[' • coastal weather was an almost monotonous "fog and low clouds morningand evening with partial clearingin the afternoon". Strong -'A•Boll¾•t. Red Bluff northwest winds along the coast associatedwith the hot interior cooled ocean surface temperatures in mid-July. By the end of the •.-• Nevada • period seasurface temperatures were 12-13.5øC,approximately equal . , •" City, • • • to the 20-year average. •9a • Woodland • '• All observationsfrom Southeast Farallon Island (hereafter, F.1.) and Palomarin, Bolinas should be credited to Point Reyes Bird Observatory(hereafter, P.R.B.O.).

LOONS THROUGH STORM-PETRELS -- All three of our loon •Diablo . etono L,, specieswere reportedsummering in the Regionin smallnumbers but San • kSantaCruz • 1000+ Arctics in Drakes Bay, Marin Co., June 24 (KVV, KC) was a Rafaelß • •. eLosBanos notable non-breedingconcentration. A Red-neckedGrebe, always _ • eOakland rare in summer, was at Sea Ranch, SonomaCo., June 5 (DE, BDP). .• N.M.ßVis•iae• Eighty Black-footedAlbatrosses off CrescentCity June6 (RLeV, '• CoalJngaC_[) RAE) were actuallyfewer than expected.A few N. Fulmarsfrom last winter's incursionlingered through the summerwith 30 off Crescent City June 6 (RAE, RLeV) being the maximum. Sooty Shearwaters :• Palc•Alto• were considered less common than normal in Monterey Bay this

Volume 36, Number 6 1011 spring,possibly related to the low numbersof market sqmdpresent SHOREBIRDS -- A Black Oystercatcherat the Bay Bridge Toll (AB). Good concentrationswere foundfarther n. off CrescentCity Plaza, Alameda Co., June 26 was remarkably far from its normal June 6 with 5000+ present (RAE, RLeV). A Leach's Storm-Petrel hauntsalong the outer coast (AE, SFB). At least eightAm. Avocets spottedoff CrescentCity June6 (fide RLeV) wasclose to shorefor summeredat the Arcata Marsh (RLeV, RAE). Nestingat this 1ocahty the daytimebut petrelswere still beingheard on dark nightsat Pt. St. shouldbe watchedfor. An Am. Golden Plover alongthe Estero Trail, George until mid-July (GL). Pt. Reyes July 11 (fide SFB) was probably a very early fall m•grant As is often the case, a few flocks of Long-billed Curlews were PELICANS THROUGH HERONS -- White Pelicans arrived in detected in the C.V., including 135 at Delevan N.W.R., Colusa Co , numbers during July with the first notable concentrationbeing 500 June 3-11, and 50-70 at Sacramento N.W.R., Glenn Co., June 11-21 along Sears Point Rd., Solano Co., July 19 (KVV). Poor nesting with smaller numbers at both locations through July (MH) One successwas reported for both Brandt'sand Pelagic cormorants at Pt. hundred were alsofound s. of Orland, Glenn Co., June 13 (SAL) The Lobos, Monterey Co. (AB) and on F.I. (P.R.B.O.). In both casesthe first SolitarySandpiper of the fall was at BlissRanch, Del Norte Co, reasonwas thought to be low food suppliesnear the breedingislands. July 29 (RAE, GL). The first large flocks of Wilson's Phalaropes Green Herons continuetheir apparentincrease with ten alongthe arrived in S. San Francisco Bay on time when 5000+ were present Gualala R., SonomaCo., June 5 the largestnumber there in recent June 21 (RL). A Corn. Snipe at L. Earl, Del Norte Co., July 18 was years (BDP). A pair of Little Blue Herons frequentedS. San Fran- extremely early (GL). The only SemipalmatedSandpiper reported ciscoBay locationsincluding the largeheronry at Alviso, SantaClara was an adult at the Bliss Ranch, Del Norte Co., July 29 (RAE, GL) Co., but breeding was not confirmed. Cattle Egrets again nested at Adult Baird's Sandpipersare very rare in our Region so one at CorcoranIrrigation District Res. with 14+ nestsactive June 3 (KFC). Abbot's Lagoon July 28 was noteworthy (DS). A very early juvenal Elsewherethe only report was from AlamedaCounty where 13were wasnear the mouthof the Mad R., Humboldt Co., July 18-19(RLeV) found July 7 (RL). Great Egrets, rare local breedersinland, were reportedfrom the followinglocalities: near Gait, SacramentoCo., 35 GULLS THROUGH ALCIDS --The newly establishedCahforma nests(HLC); at San Luis (2 nests)and Kesterton (5 nests)N.W.R., Gull colony at Alviso, Alameda Co., had 80+ activenests May 12 Merced Co.; and 4 nests at Corcoran Irrigation District Res., Kings (HLC). Elsewhere the first juvenals were reported from Crescent Co. (KFC). A concentrationof 530 SnowyEgrets along Sears Point City July2 (RAE) andStockton Sewage Ponds July 13(DY). The first Rd., July 19, Solano Co., was the largest reported in recent years juv. Ring-billed Gulls were at Crescent City July 21 (RAE) and at (KVV). Elsewherethere was an adultand four immaturesnear Hwy Stockton Sewage Ponds Aug. 3 (DY). An ad. Laughing Gull was 99 and Arno Rd., SacramentoCo., July 18 (H & BK), an area where reported at L. Merritt, Alameda Co. (fide SFB). Nearly all of our there has been no nestingactivity since 1910. The first Wood Stork Regional records are from the summer. Single Black-legged K•t- recordfor the Regionin 6 yearswas of a singlenear the WeedAirport, tiwakes, alwaysrare in the summer,were reportedfrom Marina State Siskiyou Co., July 1-6 (MR). Up to nine White-facedIbises were Beach, Monterey Co., June4 (AB) and the Mad R. Mouth July 18-31 found in the Honey L. Valley, Lassen Co., June 27-July 3 (SAL, with two presentat the latter localityJuly 27 (RLeV, LD). A s•ngle DAA) in an area where breedinghas not been confirmedin recent Sabine's Gull off Crescent City June 6 (RLeV) was far fewer than years. expected. The Least Tern colony at the Alameda Naval Air Station failed due to predationfrom catsand kestrels(SFB) but many of these WATERFOWL -- A few Brant summeredalong the coast as usual birds seemedto have renestedat the Bair I., San Mateo Co. colony with 42 at Drakes Bay, Marin Co., June 11 (SFB) being the largest concentration. A bit less usual were seven White-fronted Geese at where 48 pairswere presentin July (fide RL). An ElegantTern June9 near Pt. Pinos, Monterey Co., was quite early (TG). A Black Skim- SacramentoN.W.R., throughthe period (MH) and anotherin the mer continuedroosting with CaspianTerns at the Leslie Salt Ponds, SacramentoR., s. of Red Bluff, Tehema Co., June 25-July3 (SAL). Alameda Co., with sightingsJune 28 and July 1 (fide RL). Nesting waterfowl had a relatively successfulseason owing to the A notable concentration of Marbled Murrelets was around Afio water left in our Region by last winter's storms. Last yeaifs 400 Nuevo I., June 22 when 70+ were present (KW). Single Ancient Gadwall chicks at the mouth of the Salinas R., was considered the Murrelets were at Crescent City June 22 (RAE) and Pt. Reyes June28 largest nestingin the Region but 618 ducklingsat the Moffet Field (KVV, KC). RhinocerosAuklets were seen carryingfish near Afio Marsh, Santa Clara Co., June 11 (WB) take the honors this spring. Nuevo I., during June and July indicating possiblenesting there Small numbersof Greater Scaup were reported from many coastal (KW). Six Tufted Puffinsat Fish Rock, MendocinoCo., June5 (DE, localitiesthroughout the summeras is normal.Lesser Scaup repeated BDP) were from a little-known area. their successfulnesting at Adobe Cr., Santa Clara Co.; two young were found July 30 (TC). An extensive Buffleheadsurvey in n.e. Californiafound 15+ broodswith 100+ youngand 25 + singleadults CUCKOOS THROUGH GOATSUCKERS -- The only Yellow- in the mountain lakes of that area (DAA). A female with seven young billed Cuckoo reportsfrom the C.V. were of five at BlackberryI, at Lower Summit L., 5 mi w. of L. Davis, Plumas Co., extends their TehamaCo. (SAL) andone at CaswellS.P., on the StanislausR, July breeding range another 20 mi s. (fide DAA). No goldeneyes or 25 (DY). Observersare urged to report the absenceas well as the Harlequin Ducks were reported from any interior localities this presenceof this speciesfrom areas of former occurrence;a hst of season.As before, White-wingedScoters outnumbered Surf Scoters known breedinglocalities is availablefrom JE (addressbelow) upon at Moss Landing (DR) and Humboldt Bay localities (RLeV) this request. Vagrants were on the coast at Pt. Reyes June 20 (JM et al ) summer. and F.I., June 21. Barn Owl numbersseem stable around Stockton (DY) and 11active RAPTORS THROUGH QUAILS -- Low occupancy rates for nestswere found at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Alameda Co Goshawknests were reportedfrom Lassen(DAA) and Klamath(S J) (KHa, AE). Toward the coast the speciesproved scarce;despite Nat'l Forests, probablyrelated to heavy snow conditionsin the intensive searchingin Marin County only 4 active nestswere located nestingareas this spring.On the other hand, Cooper'sHawk nests (DS et al.). Becausethe distributionof FlammulatedOwl in Cahfor- were well reportedwith at least five foundin Marin Countyduring nia is incompletelyknown (see West. Birds 5:25-44and 11:141-149) •ntensive surveys (DS), an unprecedented number. Swainson's the following locationsfor singleobservations are of interest: 3 m• e Hawks nestswere reportedfrom scatteredCentral Valley (hereafter, of Old Station, Shasta Co., 5 mi s.e. of Old Station, ShastaCo, 2 mi C.V.) locations (m.ob.) but no nests were found in Lassen County n.w. of Lake Britton, ShastaCo., 5 mi s. of Westwood, LassenCo (BS). An imm. BaldEagle near the mouthof the S. Fork of theTrinity (all L. Benjamin& G. Carpenter,fide DAA) and Gasquet,Del Norte R., Humboldt Co., Aug. 17 (JB) was evidenceof local nesting.The Co. (GL). The only PygmyOwl reportswere from 3 locationsin Santa nestingsuccess of Ospreysat L. Almanordropped slightly from last Clara County (WB, TG). Although this speciesis "routine" in certain year's totalsbut were stillwell abovelevels from the 1970s(DAA). In areas, distributionis spotty near the c. coastwith somemovement Marin County there were 16 active nestsfound, maintainingthat during the non-breedingseason. New Spotted Owl territories con- healthy population(DS). A Prairie Falcon at Estero Americano, tinue to be found in Plumas, Tehama and Shasta cos., but five •n Marin Co., July 1 was an unusualsummer sighting along the coast Lassen County were unprecedentedand significantlyextend the (DS). known rangeto the NE in the Sierra/Cascade(fide DA). The Barred California Quail had lowered reproductionthan last year in Lafay- Owl near CrescentCity was last heardJune 6 (GL, SS, DY). Burrow- ette, Contra Costa Co., becauseof predationfrom cats, snakes, ing Owls were found in fair numberson the valley floor (MH, KFC, raccoonsand even from a Brown Towhee (LF)! DY), but a pair "clingingto the last remainingdirt in the middle of

1012 American Birds, November 1982 Stockton's new Hilton Complex" (DY) illustratesthe sad fate and breeding success(see AB 29 1028) Conversely, the colony at Law- bold tenacity of the species.A singleLong-eared Owl at Sacramento rence Livermore Lab was considereddown by 50% (KHa). Purple N W R., June 11 (MH) was the only report received. Only two Short- Martins were reportedin about averagenumbers at many of the usual eared Owls were reported, both in the C.V.; San Luis N.W.R., locations. The most notable concentrationwas of 45 birds (mostly Merced Co., June 5 (KFC) and SacramentoN.W.R., July 20 & 29 female) at Dry Lagoon, Humboldt Co., June 6 (JS). Post-breeding (MH) Saw-whets were calling in July in the Sierra/Cascade at dispersalbegan in mid-July in Marin (DS) and late July brought a Chester, Plumas Co., and near Old Station, ShastaCo. (L. Benjamin minor influx along the n. coast (RAE). & G Carpenter,fide DAA); four in Annapolis, SonomaCo., June 4 (DE) were in a seldom owled area. Lesser Nighthawks were CORVIDS THROUGH WAXWINGS -- Continued observations confirmedbreeding in Merced County (KFC) and in aerial display of small numbersof Black-cappedChickadees along the ShastaR, along the Sacramento R., in Tehama Co. (SAL). Five+ vagrants near Grenada, Siskiyou Co., indicates that this is another locality reached the coast May 26-June30 with three at F.I., and two at Pt. where the speciesis a rare but regular resident (RE). Chestnut- Reyes (KC, KVV, ?BY, S. Wilson et al.). backed Chickadee was considered"very common" at 3000-5000ft in the c. Sierra in Placer and El Dorado cos., this summer(SAL) as the SWIFTS THROUGH HUMMINGBIRDS -- Single Black Swifts increasein the Sierranpopulation continues (see AB 30:673-675and at Orleans Humboldt Co., June7 (KR), s. coastalDel Norte County for cautionary notes AB 34:927). In contrast to last summer, Plain June 18 (GS) and Berkeley June 23 (KVV, KC) were probably Titmouse was "conspicuouslyabsent" at Palomarin. Red-breasted migrants;other reports were from known breedingareas. A pair of Nuthatch was confirmed nesting at Annadel S.P., June 19 (DE) White-throated Swifts at Castle Rock, Corral Hollow Rd., San Joa- providing (surprisingly)a first breedingrecord for SonomaCounty qmn Co., July 10 (DY) and five at Williams Butte, Tehama Co., July The high water level from spring runoff may have benefited some 10 were in countieswhere nestinghas yet to be documented. species(see .Bank and Cliff swallowsabove) but Dippersmay have A • Anna's Hummingbird gatheringnesting material at SusanR. been adversely affected. Old nesting sites along the s. fork of the CanyonJune 1 (BS) indicatedbreeding in LassenCo. Twojuvenals at AmericanR., andthe s. fork of the MercedR., werefound submerged GasquetJuly 27 (RAE, GL, MM) lend credenceto the first evidence in both water and flood debris (HLC). A House Wren breeding at of breeding(obtained this spring)in Del Norte County.The speciesis SkylineOpen SpacePreserve was considered rare for the SantaCruz reported to be declining in the Stockton area of the C.V. (DY) in Mts. (fide WB) and one at Palomarin July 15-22 must have been a responseto the questionposed in AB 36:327. post-breedingdispersant. Cation Wren distributionis discontinuous and ill-defined;2 recordsare from areaswhere the speciesmust be quite rare: Bark ShantyCr., SiskiyouCo., June16 (KR) and alongthe WOODPECKERS -- A Red-napedx Red-breastedSapsucker pair n. fork of Smith R., above Stony Cr., Del Norte Co., July 17 (GL) with youngwas discoveredin SusanR. Canyon(BS). A sapsuckerat Rock Wren was confirmedbreeding on the Del Norte County coasts BohnasJune 5 (?MLR, ?PA) may havebeen either nuchalis or varius, of Crescent City June 21 (GL, LB). the former being more likely. Downy Woodpeckernumbers may be recovering in the C.V. (BED, DY). The concerns voiced in these pagesin the past (seeAB 35:333)may have mirroredonly a natural MIMIDS THROUGH THRUSHES -- The Region'sninth Gray cyclical declinerather than any long-termtrend. Only careful obser- Catbird at Pt. Reyes July 3 (H. & P. Green,fide SFB) was extratem- vation by residentbirders will help clarify this situation. poral as well as extralimital; the few precedentsfall betweenSept. 19- Feb. 20. Coastalmigrant Mockingbirds were at Pt. ReyesJune 12, 24 and July 6 (P.R.B.O., KYV, KC) and at Pt. Saint GeorgeJune 14-15 FLYCATCHERS THROUGH SWALLOWS -- Eight E. King- (RAE, GL). One at Lava Beds N.M., July 18 (RE, MR) was at amost birds occurred on the coast June 15-24 with four at F.I., one at unusuallocation. A Varied Thrush at BolinasJune 5 (?MLR, PA) was Patrick's Pt., Humboldt Co. (?SJ, RLeV, RAE), two in Del Norte a very late lingerer. Hermit Thrush was confirmedbreeding in Marin County (RAE, J. Rooney et al.) and one at Pt. Reyes (KVV, KC). County (DS, SC) and found to be a "fairly commonto locally common One at the Pt. Reyes LighthouseJuly 19 (BY) provided the only breederin the coniferousforests" there (DS). A Veery at Pt. Reyes coastal July record this season. Inland records come from e. of June 20-24 (JML, ?JM et al.) providedthe Region'sthird record and Salyer, Trinity Co., June 24 & 30 (KR et al.) andjust n. of the state only the fifth for California. An absenceof records is always more line on Hwy. 395, July 22 (DAn). Migration of W. Kingbirds lasted difficultto interpretthan a presence;judging from the few reportsof later than usual(at leaston the c. coast)with recordsat F.I., June9-23 nestingW. Bluebirdsin the C.V., that specieshas suffereda drastic and at Palo Alto June 6 (fide CB). Cassin'sKingbird was at usual declinethere during the last 10+ years.Encouraging was the report hauntsin Monterey County (DR), and alongCorral Hollow Rd. (DY). of successfulbreeding at Hatfield S.R.A., and of a pair at San Lms A Scissor-tailedFlycatcher at Hall Ranch, Pt. Reyes June 1 + (JRi et N.W.R., both Merced Co. (KFC). Other C.V. observers are en- al ) may have been the sameindividual reported from TomalesBay couragedto determinethe extentof extirpationof this species.Blue- S P, Marin Co., June6 (fide SFB, BY). A pair of Say'sPhoebe seen gray Gnatcatcherwas foundto be a fairly commonbreeder along the enteringa cliff face crevice at William's Butte, Tehama Co., June3 & n. ridge of Lucas Valley, Marin Co. (BL). Cedar Waxwings departed 6 (PNE, IT) adds evidence to breedingthere (see Spring report), a the lowlandsin synchronyJune 5 (BBa, KFC, DS). significantN extention of rangein the C.V. SevenWillow Flycatchers were singingat 3 locationsin the Yosemite Sierra (HLC, BDP). One at Manzanita L., Lassen Volcano N.P. (hereafter, L.V.N.P.), June SILKY FLYCATCHERS THROUGH VIREOS --A Phainopepla 27 and July 16 was unusual (DM); another at Hat L. (also L.V.N.P.) at Foothills P., Palo Alto June 9-11 (J. Stech, CB, WB) was beyond July 17 was in more appropriatehabitat (DM). The only coastal the w. limit of the speciesdistribution, the Diablo Range.Hutton's reports were from Gold Bluffs Beach May 31 (GS) and Eel R. Vireo continuedto be scarceon the coast(P.R.B.O., JE). Unusual BottomsJuly 5 (JH), both Humboldt Co. Eight Dusky Flycatchersat was a breederat Lafayette (LF) and one bird at WoodsonBridge, Hull Mt., Lake Co., were near the edgeof the species'range (PU, D. Tehama Co., July 11 (SAL). A Red-eyedVireo singingin Terwer Dlttman). A W. Flycatcher at Gait, San JoaquinCo., July 17 (DY) Valley, Del Norte Co., June 24 (RAE, GL, LB) was the only one was unseasonal in the C.V. reported and a first county record. A singingWarbling Vireo near The estimated 500 pairs of Bank Swallows at the Fall R. Mills Richfield, Tehama Co., June 10 (IT, PNE) may have been a late colony in Shasta Co., remains strong, however doom seemssadly migrant. inevitable since it is flanked by a real estate office and a bulldozer (DM) In the C.V., the erosion from the heavy winter rains has WARBLERS -- Eight Black-and-whiteWarblers were clustered createdmuch favorable nestinghabitat for Bank Swallows,however on the c. coastJune 12-21 (m.ob.) with five at Pt. Reyes and three at this too is threatened by the upcoming Sacramento River bank F.I. A singingmale at Napa July22-Aug. 1 (KVV, KC, BDP) wasone stabilization project (SAL). A small colony at Thomes Cr., near of few countyrecords. The May influx of TennesseeWarblers at F.I, Richfield,Tehama Co. (PNE, IT) is apparentlynew. A Barn Swallow continued into June with a total of 15 there June 1-24 (normal timing, at ManzanitaL., L.¾.N.P., July 16 was consideredrare there (DM). high number): the only other reports were from Pt. Reyes with 2~3 The Cliff Swallow populationin the San JoaquinValley in Merced there June 21-22 (BB, SFB, RAE, BDP). The possibilitythat these Co, had excellentreproductive success and multiplebreeding was were from F.I., is high since the dates correspondwith the exodus obvious (KFC). The high water level this summer must be in some from F.I. Eight Orange-crownedWarblers were in the C.V., June2- way responsible, but the water level can also be detrimental to 25 (KFC, DMa, DY); whether these are post-breedingdispersants

Volume 36, Number 6 1013 (seeAB 33 895), late spnngor even early fall migrantsis a moot point Hooded Orioles couldnot be found in nestingin prewoussites in n e A Nashville Warbler a L. Lagunitas, Marin Co., June6 (D. Beall,fide Hayward and s. CastroValley this spring(HLC) but were confirmed DS) was out of place. A N. Parula visited F.I., June 30-July 1 and nestingin almostall residentialareas of e. Marin County (BL) The another "summered" at Salinas July 18-28+ (B. Gerow, fide DR). only "Baltimore" Oriole report was of a singlemale at Muir Woods, Two Yellow Warblers (one singingmale) were at L. Merced, S.F., Marin Co., June 6 (J'B & CY). San Francisco's Great-tailed Grackle July 12& 19 (PU); whetherthese were breedersor early migrantsis an may have again attemptedto nest, but the only reportswere of a open question. Continuingthe pattern of other vagrants, Magnolia single male (TC, KHa, PU). Although numbers of Brown-headed Warblers were reported from F.I. (9) and Pt. Reyes (3-4) June 10-25 Cowbirds were considered high at Palomarin this summer, no in- (m.ob.). The only other sightingwas a singingmale at Cape Men- stancesof parasitismwere recorded in over 200 nestsinvestigated • A docino, Humboldt Co., June 20 (B. Clow, JE). Three Cape May c• ScarletTanager at Pt. ReyesJune 20 (J'JMet al.) was only the tenth Warblers were found: one at Pt. Reyes June 18-19(KVV, KC, KFC, for the Region with recordsevently split between springand fall JM, BY) and two at F.I., June 20-22. Unprecedentedas a spring m•grantin the Region was a Black-throatedBlue Warbler (female) at FRINGILLIDS -- Of approximately 17 Rose-breastedGrosbeaks Pt. Reyes LighthouseJune 21-22 (SFB, BB, BDP, JM). June 1-28, eight were at Pt. Reyes (m.ob.), five at F.I., two at S F A "Myrtle" Warbler at Crescent City June 15 (GL) was several (fide SFB) and one at McKinleyville, Humboldt Co. (RLeV) In weeks late. Evidence of nesting of "Audubon's "Warbler in coastal addition, a male was at Tomales Bay S.P., July 16 (BD, ML). It was Del Norte Countyjust n. of CrescentCity and at Mt. Hamilton, Santa considereda "goodyear" for Blue Grosbeaksat Gray Lodge W A Clara Co. (AE) adds information to the speciesdistribution in discon- (BED), but only five birds were reportedfrom 4 other C.V. locations tinuous areas of its range. Remarkablewere three reports of Black- Vagrantsreached the coastat Pt. Reyes June 1 (JRi) and Gold Bluffs throated Green Warbler (in addition to the May 22 bird in S.F.), a Beach, Humboldt Co., June 27 (GS). An impressive19 Indigo Bunt- truly rare bird in spring. One female at F.I., June 15-16was where ings (10 at F.I.) occurred, 16 in June at scattered locations (most most other spring records originate. A singing male at Elkhorn coastal) and three in July. Of most interest are the following, one Slough, Yolo Co., June 18 (A. Englis, JML et al.) provided the female Los Banos, Merced Co., June 6 (KFC), one ad. male Sac- Region's second interior record. A male reported at Hobo Camp ramentoJune 13(EKL), one ad. male JamesonCanyon, s. Napa Co, above Susanville, Lassen Co., June 24 (J'R.N. Johnson)was accom- July 21 (MFR). Lazuli Bunting received mixed reviews as to abun- panied by inconclusivedetails and suggeststhe possibility of a dance: unusually scarce in the C.V. (DY), typical numbersin San hybrid, however the white underpartsapparently exclude a Hermit x Mateo County (WB), numbers slightly up at Palomarin (P.R.B O ) Townsend's hybrid &ers. comm. M. Morrison, JM) at least in the Fi and unusuallyabundant in s. Napa County (MFR). Of specialinterest generation.The problemof identificationof the Hermit-Townsend's- was news May 22-23 at Sky Park Campground, Eldorado Co., three Black-throatedGreen complex(see AB 35:223-224)is complicatedby male and one female Cassin's Finches were banded in breeding a heretofore unconsidered(.9) hybrid crossimplicated by the follow- condition"despite the low altitudeand habitattypical of PurpleF•nch lng observation. At Cape Mendocino, Humboldt Co., a Black- in the Sierra" (HLC). The only report of Lawrence's Goldfinch was of throated Green was singing on territory in June in 1979, 1980 and 40 + at Frank-Raines P., StanislausCo., July 11 (DY). During June apparentlyin 1982(B. Clow,fide JE). Hermit Warbler is a common and July Red Crossbillwas "quite conspicuous"along the n. coast breeder on the Douglas Fir hilltops of the area and the phenotypic (RAE) and numbersmoved into old growth forestsin Trinity County possibilityof this hybrid type is intriguing,if remote. after being nearly absentin winter and spring(KR). A Green-tailed Amazing was the discovery of two Yellow-throated Warblers Towbee at Mt. Loma Prieta Santa Cruz Co., June 12 (SG) was (albilora) at Eureka June 12-July 1 + (M. Meyer, ?RAE, Kr, ph., et unusual in the n. coast ranges. al.). Althoughthe originalrumor was that they were two males,later scrutinyindicated that they were a pair (fideRAE) andattempted to SoAo nest! Another Yellow-throated Warbler at Hawkins Bar, Trinity Co., Seven GrasshopperSparrows were at Kesterton N.W.R, June 14 (M. Rafael, fide RLeV, KR) was tape-recorded singingand Merced Co., June6 (KFC); the species'status and abundance providedour secondinterior record.Two-four Chestnut-sidedWar- is poorly known in the C.V. How little we know about th•s blers were at Pt. Reyes June 18-22 (KVV, KC, JM, BY et al.). Four speciesis illustrated by the statementsof DS who spentover Bay-breastedWarblers were found June 16-23;three at F.I., one at 500 hrs afieldthis breedingseason trying to "fill in the gaps"for Pt. Reyes June 16 (fide SFB). Two c• Blackpoll Warblers were at Pt. the Marin County BreedingBird Atlas: "Contrary to what the Reyes; one June 19-20(JM) and one June24 (KVV, KC). A Blackpoll literature saysthis (GrasshopperSparrow) is not a rare breedat F.I., June 20 was routine, but three were there in July (1-4; 22-23; ing bird, at least in the grasslandsof n.-c. California. I 24-25) was unprecedentedtiming for the Region (and California). saw/heard a minimum of 150 (in Marin County) and consider Spring Palm Warblers are scarce;one was at Pt. Reyes June 18-19 this a characteristicand fairly commonbreeder in moderately (KC, KVV, JM, BY) and F.I., June23-25. Eight Ovenbirdsoccurred grazed, healthy coastal grasslands.Although this may have June 9-23 with six at F.I., one at Pt. Reyes June 18 (KVV, KC) and been a banner year for this species,I think the above statement one at Lincoln P., S.F., June 22 (N. Blank, fide SFB). The only holds, even though the speciesis supposedto fluctuate •n N Waterthrushwas at F.I., June 15-16.A KentuckyWarbler at F.I., numbersfrom year to year. In my experience,this speciescan June23 constitutesthe Region'sninth record, sevenof which were at be found in all the traditional spotsin Marin every year." FI., May 16-July 3. A Mourning Warbler at Pt. Reyes June 20-22 (J'JM,JML et al.) was a rarity; of about 14Regional records (most in the last 3 years) this provides the first mainland spring record. A singingVesper Sparrowwas in an agriculturalfield nearthe town Yellow-breasted Chats remained in 2 areas of Marin County for of SmithRiver, Del Norte Co., June 10 (RAE, GL). Migrantsreached ,several weeks which offer potential breedinghabitat (DS), but no F.I., June8 andJuly 29-31;the later date is an extra-temporalvagrant, evidencewas obtained.A singleCanada Warbler, exceedinglyrare in but not unprecedented.Coastal Rufous-crowned Sparrows were two spring, was at F.I., June 15. Migrant Am. Redstartswere encoun- pair s. of Ft. Ross,Sonoma Co., June4 (DE), hatchingyear birdsat tered on the coast June 14-22 from Pt. Saint George to Pt. Reyes; PalomarinJune 29-July 1 (first possiblenesting in severalyears there) males were singingin breedinghabitat at the mouth of the Klamath and two at Big Cr. Reserve, Big Sur June 19 (AB). An ad. Cassin's R , June7-July 16(GL, JR, RAE, LB, DY) howeverno femaleswere Sparrowat F.I., June17-July 6 (?CS, P.R.B.O.) waswell-described, reported. Intriguing were two July records of redstarts in Marin all 5 of the other Regional records emanate from the samelocation County: a hatchingyear male was bandedat PalomarinJuly 6 (?R.J. and the date fits well with post-breedingdispersal in the s.w. whmh Ryder, P.R.B.O.) and aindividual was seenin Pt. ReyesSta. July 15 may involve a rain-related SE to NW migration(see Auk 61:409-412 (JE). The possibilityof a local breedingpopulation in the Pt. Reyes andAB 31:93).The statusof SageSparrow (A.b. canescens)is poorly area seemsa logical explanation. defined in the San Jocquin Valley. KFC found one adult at Volta W.M.A., June 2 & 13 (includingat least threejuveniles) 9 mi s e of ICTERIDS -- Two singing c• Bobolinks frequented a field near Los Banos July 6. All were associatedwith Atriplex spinifera,an Klamath June5-19 (RAE, JR, m. ob.) and a male was at F.I., June 19- endangeredhabitat in the San JoaquinValley, and preliminaryfield 20. The only nestingcolony of Tri-colored Blackbirdsconsisted of work indicates that the distribution of this speciesof saltbushmay 200-300 birds near Sacramento (H & BK); a colony near Lawson's determine the distribution of the Sage Sparrow (KFC). A singing Landing, Marin Co. (50-100birds) was active in late April, but not by Slate-coloredJunco at Pt. Reyes June 19 (JM, KFC) furnishedthe June 3 (DS). Two males at Pt. PinosJune 6 (DR) were vagrantsthere. latestrecord away from F.I. One-twolate migrantChipping Sparrows

1014 Amencan Birds, November 1982 were at Pt. St. GeorgeJune 1 (RAE). A c• Golden-crownedSparrow Geoff Geupul, Golden Gate Audubon Society, Kern Halnebach summeredat Five Brooks, Marin Co., frequentinga poultry feeder (KHa), Keith Hansen, Roger Harris, Marguerite Hills, Joel Horns- (JE, BY). A single singingWhite-throated Sparrow was at Pt. St. tein, SandyJacobsen, Harold and Betty Kimball, Jeri M. Langham, George June 17-18 (RAE, GL). After high winter mortality, Song S.A. Laymon, E.K. LeGrand, Bill Lenarz, G.S. Lester, Ron LeVal- Sparrows produced the highest number of young birds ever at ley, Mike Lippsmeyer, Roy Lowe, Marie Mans, Dave Mauser Palomarinwith numbersin July more than twice 1981totals. (DMa), Joe Morian, Dan Murphy, Benjamin D. Parmeter, Noel Pettingill, Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Jean Richmond, R. John Rider, M.F. Rippey, Mike Robbins, Don Roberson, Jim Rooney, OBSERVERS -- Dan A. Airola, Peter Allen, David Anderson Mary LouiseRosegay, Ken Rosenberg,Dave Shuford,John Sterling, (DAn), Maurine Armour, S.F. Bailey, Alan Baldridge,Bernice Ban- Gary J. Strachan, Chris Stromsness,Brad Stovall, Steve Summers, nes (BBa), Bruce Barrett, Lynn Berner, Clark Blake, William Bous- Chris Swarth (CS), Irene Timossi, Phil Unitt, Kent Van Vuren, Ken man, JohnBrack, Kurt F. Campbell,Scott Carey, Karen Cartier, Ted Warheit, David Yee, Bob and Carol Yutzy. -- RON LE VALLEY Chandik, H.L. Cogswell, Brennan Davis, B.E. Deuel, Linda (Loons through Alcids), 1876 Ocean Drive, McKinleyville, Calif. Doerflinger,Art Edwards, P.N. Ehrlich, Ray Ekstrom, Doug Ellis, 95521. JULES EVENS (Pigeonsthrough Sparrows) P.O. Box 839, Pt. R.A. Erickson,Jules Evens, Lynn Farrat, Tim Gates, Steve Getty, R.eyes Station, Calif. 94956.

SOUTHERN PACIFIC COAST REGION /Guy M½Caskie N E V. The summerseason was about normal with averagetemperatures and rainfall confinedto thundershowers in the mountainsduring July. Most observersconcentrated their efforts on waterbirds,and only a limited amountof time was spentwith landbirdsin the mountainsand Colorado deserts, althoughthe riparian habitat alongthe southfork of the Kern River was well surveyed, giving us some interestingdata from that area.

ABBREVIATIONS -- K.R.P.: Nature Conservancy'sKern River Preserve near Weldon, Kern Co.; N.E.S.S.: north end of the Salton Sea, Riverside Co.; S.C.R.M.: Santa Clam River mouth, Ventura Co.; S.D.N.H.M.: San Diego Natural History Museum; S.E.S.S.: south end of the Salton Sea, Imperial County. Birds of Southern California by Kimball Garrett and Jon Dunn (1981) is the standard referencefor the statusand distributionof the birds in this Region. As virtually all rarities found in s. California are seen by numerous observers, only the observer initially identifying the bird is included. Documentationis on file for all rarities listed in the report.

LOONS, GREBES --As usualall three of the regularlyoccurring loons were found summeringalong the coast with Arctic Loons the BAJA most numerous (120+ reported) and Red-throated Loons the scarcest(10 reported). A Corn. Loon at Salton City alongthe w. shore Herons nested for the third year in a row near Imperial Beach, San of the SaltonSea June5-6 (RHi) was a late springmigrant, but four on Diego Co., fledgingthree youngJuly 18 (EC), the birds beingjoined L. Cachuma, Santa Barbara Co., throughout the period (PEL) and by a one-yearold in the "calico" dressthat sameday (GMcC). A pair another on L. Ming near Bakersfield,Kern Co., July 5 (Mall) were of Great Egrets fledgedthree young in a Great Blue Heron nesting evidently summeringinland. An Arctic Loon on L. CachumaJuly 2- colony at Morro Bay, San Luis Obispo Co. (TE); there were no 20 (LBev) provided the second record of the species summering previousnesting records for the coastof s. California. Some20 pairs inland. The presenceofajuv. W. Grebe riding on the back of an adult of Snowy Egrets again nested near Imperial Beach (GMcC) and on LagunaL., near San Luis ObispoJune 13 (DR) confirmedbreeding breeding-plumagedbirds around L. Hedges all summer(KW) were at that locality. believed to be nestinglocally. The ad. Yellow-crownedNight Heron found at San Elijo Lagoon, San Diego Co., May 30 was still present SHEARWATERS -- Three N. Fulmars off San Simeon, San Luis July 19 (TM). Two Least Bitterns in Santa Barbara throughout the Obispo Co., July 29 (MB) had evidently summeredlocally; small summer (PEL) were the only ones reported from along the coast numbersregularly summeroff s. Californiafollowing winters during outside San Diego County, and one at K.R.P., all summer(JSR) was which the speciesis numerousoffshore. at an unusual locality being at 3000 ft in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mts. One or two Am. Bitterns at Vee-H Res., in Lake Forest, PELICANS, FRIGATEBIRDS -- A count of 45 Brown Pelicans, Orange Co., July 21-25 (EBP) and another at San Elijo Lagoon June now regularpost-breeding visitors to the SaltonSea, wasmade at that 16 (TAM) were in areas suitable for nesting. inland body of water July 31 (GMcC) after the first appearedin May; one on the California side of L. Havasu, San Bernardino Co., July 9 WATERFOWL -- Up to six Brant at N.E.S.S., through July 24 (DKr) and anotheron L. Hodges, San Diego Co., July l0 (KW) were (GMcC) were stragglersfrom spring. Two pairs of Blue-winged Teal the only ones found inland away from the Salton Sea. Magnificent accompaniedby young at S.C.R.M., in June (Mall) were at the exact Frigatebirds were exceptionally scarcewith 4 sightingsat the Salton location of the first nestingrecord for the Region in 1980. A $ Wood Sea duringJuly and one alongthe coastat Aliso Beach, OrangeCo., Dock at L. Henshaw, San Diego Co., June 8-14 (RHi) was far s. for July 29 (V & WG). the time of the year. Six Ring-necked Ducks on Big Bear L., in the San BernardinoMts., June 19(JO) were very late if not summering.A HERONS -- Known nestinglocalities for Great Blue Herons are Canvasback, rare in summer, was in Carlsbad, San Diego Co., June few; hence, it was of interest to learn of 6 active nests at Anaheim L., 14 (TAM), up to four were at Pt. Mugu, Ventura Co., June i3-26 near Anaheim, Orange Co. (SJR) and 3 more active nestsat nearby (LRB) and five were on Big Bear/Baldwin Lakes June 19 (REW). A Vila Park Dam (IL). An ad. Little Blue Heron at N.E.S.S., June 6 Greater Scaup, casual in summer, was near Santa Maria, Santa (GMcC) was evidently a late spring vagrant. A pair of Little Blue Barbara Co., June 25-July l0 (LBev) and three more were at the Santa

Volume 36, Number 6 1015 Ynez R. mouth July 29 (LBev). A Bufflehead, not quite as rare as the inland at N.E.S.S., June 6 (GMcC). A Herring Gull, much rarer than precedingspecies in summer, was at Oso Flaco L., San Luis Obispo the previous speciesin summer, was at S.C.R.M., May 8-June 11 Co., July 26 (JSR), another was at Pt. Mugu June 6-13 (LBev) and a (LBev), two were at N.E.S.S., June 6-July 24 (GMcC) and another third was found near Imperial Beach Aug. 21-22 (GMcC). The • was at S.E.S.S., July 31 (REW). A second-summer-plumagedMew Harlequin Duck originally found in Carlsbadin December 1977was Gull near Lancaster July 4 + OLD} was the first to be recordede. of still presentJune 27 00). A White-wingedScoter, very rare inland, the mountainsaway from the Salton Sea, and was one of very few to was at N.E.S.S., June 26-Aug. 7 (GMcC) and was accompaniedby a be found summeringin s. California. A first-summer-plumagedLittle Surf Scoter June 26-July 10 (SMD). A Hooded Merganser near Gull at N.E.S.S., June 6 (REW) was found dead a week later Cayucos, San Luis Obispo Co., June 2-July 18 (TE) was the first (*S.D.N.H.M.), and was the latest of this speciesfound in California. known to have occurred in s. California in summer. A Heermann's Gull, casual inland, was at S.E.S.S., July 20 (DH). A first-summer-plumagedSabine's Gull, rare in summer,was along the HAWKS, GROUSE -- A Mississippi Kite in Long Beach, Los beach at Pt. Mugu July 12 (LBev). At least one pair of Royal Terns Angeles Co., June 21 (BD) and another near Imperial Beach July 18 successfullyraised two young among nestingElegant Terns on San (GMcC) were both one-year old birds with banded tails, and were Diego Bay in June (REW); there were only two previous nesting only the third and fourth to be foundalong the coast.A Sharp-shinned records (both unsuccessful) for California. The elusive Sandwich Hawk, rare in the mountains of s. California in summer, was at the Tern found around San Diego May 15 was last seenJune 13(GMcC). summit of Mt. Palomar, San Diego Co., July 14 (RHi). The presence ofajuv. Swainson'sHawk near Lancaster, Los AngelesCo., Aug. 14 (KLG) suggestedthat the species again nested in the Antelope Valley; two immaturesnear SantaMaria July 24 + (TW) were the first to have been found in that area at this time of the year in modern times. One ad. Zone-tailed Hawk was present on Santa Rosa Mt., Riverside Co., June 19-July 17 (JO), but there was no evidence of nesting;this is the locationwhere a pair attemptednesting during the past4 years. Non-breedingPeregrine Falcons were seenat S.E.S.S., June 6 (JO) and Aug. 7 (REW), near Santa Maria July 10 (LBev), and in the San Diego area June 30oJulyI (EC) and July 3 (MBS). An ad. SageGrouse accompanyinga partially grown youngat Reed Flat in the White Mts., Inyo Co., July 7 (G. Frederick,fide JLD) was at the extreme s. limit of the species' current range.

SHOREBIRDS -- A Black Oystercatcher near Imperial Beach June 13 (DPa) was at a most unusuallocality. SemipalmatedPlovers Two Black Skimmers at Bolsa Chica, Orange Co., June 21 (SO), one appearedmore numerousand widespreadthan usual duringJuly with there July 11 (SG), up to four at Pt. Mugu July 3-12 (LBev) and up to i 5 on Baldwin L., July 24 (EAC) and five near Tecopa, Inyo Co., July five at S.C.R.M., June 24-July 17(Mill) were alongthe coastand n. of 24 (JT) being the most unusual. The presenceof some juveniles San Diego County (this speciesis a permanentresident on San Diego among 15 Snowy Plovers near Tecopa July 22-31 (JT) strongly Bay with 35 + pairs nestingthis summer);two just n. of Palo Verde suggestednesting at that locality. An Am. Golden Plover near Pt. July 30 (JJ, ph., S.D.N.H.M.) were along the Colorado R., w•re Mugu July 18 (TW) was the only one found. Two Whimbrels near •coMed only !wice. Lancaster July 4 (KLG), another there July 24 (KLG), one near Palo Verde, Imperial Co., July 3 (JJ) and three near Blythe, Riverside Co., ALCIDS • Common Murres were more humerus •d wide- July 12 (JJ) were all in areas where very rare at this time of the year. A spr•d th• us•l, •ing found s. to the Mexic• border, and in Solitary Sandpiper along the Santa Ana R., in Anaheim July 16 concentrationssuch as 1000+ off Cayucos July 29 •E), 275 off Pt. (DRW) and anothernear LancasterJuly 24 (JLD) were the first of the Mugu July 3 (LBev) and 80 off New•a Beach July 29 (DRW). A fall migrants to be found this year. A pair of Spotted Sandpipersat PigeonGuillemot at •. Mu• July 3 (LBev) and !wo there July 11 L. Hodgesthroughout the summerwere accompaniedby a juvenile (T• were at • unusu• locality. A R•noce•s Auklet off San•ego July 25 (EC) and three pairs were at San Elijo Lagoonthroughout the July 28 (DPo) was unusually far s. for this time of •e y•r. period with two young seen June 6 (DPa) verifying nesting at that locality; prior to last year this species was not known to nest any PIGEONS, CUCKOOS, OWLS, GOATSUCKERS • Single farther s. than the San BernardinoMts., and coastalVentura County. Band-t•led hgeons on Pt. •ma, S• Diego Co., June 5 (DPa) •d A WanderingTattler at Salton City June 6 (REW) was inland where July 3 (CGE) and two on Santa Barbara1., June30 (GMF) were away consideredcasual. A Ruddy Turnstonenear LancasterJuly 24 (JLD) from areas of regular •c•ence. The occu•ence of 15• Yellow- was one of very few found inland away from the Salton Sea. Unex- billed Cuck•s at K.R.P., throughout the summer(BE) was most pected was the discovery of a Com. Snipe nest at K.R.P., June 26 encour•ing and must make this Iocafity the last strohhold for the (TG); this specieswas believed to be all but extirpatedas a breeding speciesin C•ifornia; one neg TecopaJuly 26-28(JT) was the only bird in this Region. A Red Knot near Lancaster July 21 (BD) was the other found in sui•ble breeding habitat away from •e Colorado R.; only one found inland away from the Salton Sea. An ad. Semipal- one at Barca Slough, Santa B•b•a Co., June 19(PMcC) and another mated Sandpiper at S.E.S.S., July 31 (GMcC) was the only one in Goleta June 25-26 IKB) were both •o• the coast where now reported. An ad. Rufous-neckedSandpiper at the S.C.R.M., July 11- considered• acciden•l straggler.Two FlammulatedOwls, a bird 17 (Mill) was the fifth to be found in s. California, but is likely the we know little about, were heard c•li• at Buckhorn Flat in the San same bird present at this spot July 12-17, 1981 (Am. Birds'35:979. Gabfid Mts., July 8-13 tBWK). A pair of Elf Owls successfully 1981). An ad. Baird's Sandpiperat BataquitosLagoon, San Diego fledgedyoung from a nest ne• Needles, San Bern•dino Co., June 26 Co., July i 1-14(GMcC), two alongthe SantaAna R., in Anaheim July (DPa); this ap•ars to be the last locality in C•ifornia where this 16 (SG), one at S.C.R.M., July 23 (TW) and another near Lancaster s•cies can be found. The presence of a downy you• •-e•d July 24 OLD) were the earliestof the fall migrantsthis year. A Dunlin, Owl ne• Im•ri• Beach June 13 (EC) documentsnesting at that exceptionally rare in summer, was at S.C.R.M., July 11-14 (Mill), Ioc•ity. Up to two Whip-•r-wills were cflli• ne• Big Pinesin the another was seen around San Diego Bay June 6-18 (REW) and a third San Gabriel Mts., June 18-26 (KLG) •d two more were c•ling was at the San Diego R. mouth July 9 (REW). A Red Phalaropealong around L. Fulm• in the San Jacinto Mts., June 12-July3 (EAC); t•s San DiegoCreek in Irvine, OrangeCo., July21 ~26 (DRW) was inland. s•cies no doubt breeds •ch summer in the toounibus ofs. C•ffor- nia but a nest has yet to be found. A P•r-will nest at Purisima Pt., JAEGERS, GULLS, TERNS -- Eight.Pomarine Jaegers off San Santa Barbara Co., July 9 (LBev) was unusu•ly close to the oce•. Diego June 17 (DPo) was a large number for this time of the year. A Parasitic Jaeger. quite rare in summer, was in Goleta June 19 (PELL A first-summer-plumaged Glaucous Gull photographed at Jalama SWIFTS, HUMMINGBIRDS, WOODPECKERS -- Two Black Beach, Santa Barbara Co., July 3-24 (AA ph., S.D.N.H.M.) was the Swifts at Montana de Oro S.P., July 12 (MWe) were far from any first ever found summeringin s. California. As usuala few Glaucous- known nestinglocality. A Chimney Swift, rare and local in the coastal winged Gulls summered along the coast (15 reported) and one was lowlandsof s. California in summer, was over W. Los AngelesJuly 12

1016 American Birds. November 1982 (.IT), another remmned around Burbank, Los Angeles Co, through- Region (Am Btrds 35 980, 1981) A c3Yellow-throated Warbler on out the summer(KLG) and 6-8 were over downtownSan D•egoJuly the lower slopesof Mt. P•nosJune 19 (HC) was at a most unusual 11 (EC). An unidentifiedChaetura over L. HodgesJune 19 (KW) and localityand should be considereda late springvagrant. A c3Chestnut- 2-4 at SantiagoOaks RegionalP., near OrangeJune 15-July15 (SJR) sidedWarbler in downtown Los AngelesJune 17 (KLG) was also a were probablyChimney Swifts, but anotherover the summitof Mr. late springvagrant. The presenceof nine singingc3 MacGillivray's Palomar July 7 (RHi) could have been a Vaux's Swift as 2 recent Warblers at Cero Alto, San Luis ObispoCo., throughoutthe summer summerrecords of that speciesexist for the SanBernardino Mrs., and (TE) and two more along the Santa Clara R., near Santa Paula June 9 Chimney Swifts are unknown in the mountains.An Allen's Hum- (LJ) strongly suggestednesting at these lowland localities; docu- m•ngbirdnest at the mouth of the SantaAna R., Apr. 24 (LRH) and mented nesting records for s. California are confined to mountran twojuveniles just out of the nestin nearbyLos AlamitosJune 1 (SJR) localities, but nestingoccurs along the coast of n. California s. into were in coastal Orange County where breedingwas first noted in Monterey County. A c3Hooded Warbler, unrecordedin midsummer, 1980 The presenceof a • Calliope Hummingbirdon Big Pine Mr., waspresent along Mono Cr., in the upper SantaYnez R. area June23- Santa Barbara Co., July 19 (LBev) indicated the speciesmay nest July 9 (JMG). Up to three PaintedRedstarts, a speciesfor which there there. A c• Broad-billed Hummingbird, a rare to casual stragglerto is but one breedingrecord, near the lower end of Big Bear L., June 14- California, in Short Canyon near Inyokern, Kern Co., Apr. 18 (RHa) July 3 (J & ER), up to two in Deep Cr. Canyonnear L. Arrowhead was exceptionallyfar n. An Acorn Woodpeckeron the beach in June 20-July 25 (JDB), one in the nearby town of Lake Arrowhead Enc•nitas,San Diego Co., June3 (RHi) wasunexpected. A • Ladder- Aug. 1 (JDB), and another along the AngelesCrest Highway in the backedWoodpecker in Vista, SanDiego Co., July22 (CW) appeared San Gabriel Mts., June 18 (KLG) were all in suitable habitat for to be only the secondever found alongthe coast. nesting.

FLYCATCHERS, SWALLOWS -- An E. Kingbird, extremely BLACKBIRDS THROUGH SPARROWS -- A c3 Bobolink at rare •n summer,was along the upperSanta Ynez R., June18 (NSt). A PiedrasBlancas June 9 (NSw) was a springvagrant on the coast.A c3 W Kingbird nest near Santa Maria in June (LBev) and anotherin N. (Baltimore)Oriole on Pt. Loma June 13-15(REW) was one of very Goleta during May and June (KB) were both alongthe coast where few to be found in s. California in summer. A $ Great-tailed Grackle the speciesis consideredrare in summer.The presenceof an ad. feedingtwo recentlyfledged young at a smallmarsh in Anaheim at the W•ed's Crested Flycatcher near Tecopa accompanyingtwo pre- end of July (SG) documents the first nesting along the coast of s sumed young July 25-28 (JT) suggestednesting in that area; this California for this specieswhose range is continuingto expand. A c3 speciesbreeds along the lengthof the ColoradoR., with one or two Bronzed Cowbird was well observedin Morongo Valley June4 (SP), pmrs nesting annually at Morongo Valley well to the w. of the this speciesis a rare but regular summervisitor to the Colorado R ColoradoR., and hasonly beenfound on 3 previousoccasions in Inyo valley, with but a handful of occurrencesknown to the West. Un- County. A Say' s Phoebeon Pt. Loma June5 (REW) was unexpected; precedentedwas a c3Scarlet Tanager in HollywoodJuly 17 (TP), the w•nteringbirds depart coastalSan Diego County by early April. A speciesbeing a casual vagrant to s. California with no previous surveyofK.R.P., located22 singing•3 Willow Flycatchers(MOC) for occurrencesbetween June 24 and Aug. 23. A pair of Hepatic Tana- what must be the largestconcentration of nestingbirds in s. Califor- gers again nested along Arrastre Cr., e. of Baldwin L., in the San ma, 8-9 singingmales along the Santa Margarita R., San Diego Co., BernardinoMts., with one or twojuveniles accompanying the adults throughoutthe period (LS) andtwo morenear Imperial Beach June 13 July 11 (BWK). As usual, a few Summer Tanagers wandered to the (EC) were the only othersbelieved nesting in the Region.A pair of coast with one in Goleta July 19+ (TW), one near SaugusJune 6 Ohve-sided Flycatchers raised two young in tall eucalyptusat San (KLG), another in Hollywood July 18 (KLG) and a fourth near San Ehjo LagoonMay 2-July5 (TM), establishingthe first nestingrecord Diego July 21 (CGE); one at Baldwin L., in the San BernardinoMts, for the immediate coast of s. California s. of San Luis Obispo County; June 5 (DRW) was at an unusuallocality, and the presenceof 10+ a territorial bird in Santa Barbara throughoutthe period (CG) indi- pairs at K.R.P., throughoutthe period (BE) extendedthe species' cated that nestingshould be watchedfor in that area. PurpleMartins breedingrange NW some 110 mi from Morongo Valley. continue to breed in limited numbers along the coast and in the Two Pyrrhuloxias seen in Corona, Riverside Co., July 23 (MM) mountainswith nestingreported from 9 localities(120 +_ birds). were far to the w. of the species'normal range and may have been escapees.Of the six Rose-breastedGrosbeaks reported, the male at THRASHERS THROUGH WOOD WARBLERS -- A Brown the top of Mt. PalomarJuly 25 (RHi) wasat the mostunusual locality Thrasher at K.R.P., June 22 (BE) was most likely a late spring A pair of Indigo Buntingsagain nested at MorongoValley (EAC), and vagrant,there beingno midsummerrecords for the Region.A nesting the presenceof 4-5 males at K.R.P., along with another male near pmr of Bendire'sThrashers in SuperiorValley n. of Barstow,San Blythe throughoutthe period (BE, SC) suggestednesting at those2 BernardinoCo., May 12 (ASE) and a singingmale in Kelso Valley in locations. A c3Painted Bunting, a casual stragglerto California, near e Kern Co., June 18 (BE) were somewhatw. of the species'known BlytheJuly 2 + (SC) wasthe firstapparent non-escapee to befound •n breedingrange in California.A pair of Am. Robinsthat raisedyoung summer.Two Red Crossbills,a poorly understoodspecies, were seen •n Irvine this summer(S JR) appearedto establishthe first nesting on Big Pine Mt., July 21 (LBev) and four more were found on Mt record for Orange County. The presenceof two juv. Mountain PinosAug. 6 (PS). A pair of SageSparrows accompanied by ajuvenile Bluebirdson Big PineMt., July 21 (LBev) gaveus the first evidenceof at Harper Dry L., July 24 (EAC) were outsidethe species'known nestingin SantaBarbara County. The c3White-eyed Vireo found in breedingrange. A Dark-eyed (Oregon)Junco in Tecopa July 30-31 Goleta May 18 was still presentat the end of the period (PEL) giving (JT) was certainly out of place at this desert location far from any us the first summer record for California. A Hutton's Vireo on Pt. known breedinglocality for the species. Loma June3 (REW) was somedistance from the nearestlocality of normal occurrence. A Black-and-white Warbler at 6000 ft., in the CONTRIBUTORS -- Ione Arnold, Larry R. Ballard, Robert LagunaMts., June5 (CGE) and anotherat Big Bear L. (6738ft.) in the Barnes,Bruce Barrett, Linda Belluomini(Bel), JonathanD. Berman, San BernardinoMts., June 19 (REW) were both at unusuallocations, Louis Bevier (LBev), Mike Bondello, Karen Bridgers, Sarah J very few having ever been found in the mountains;one at K.R.P., Brooks, EugeneA. Cardiff (co-ordinatorfor SanBernardino County), June29-July 6 (BE) was in moretypical habitat for a summeringbird. Mark O. Ch!chester(co-ordinator for Kern County), Herbert and A TennesseeWarbler on Pt. Loma June 21 (REW) was the latest of a Olga Clark (H & OC), Sue Clark, Charles T. Collins, Elizabeth number passingthrough this spring.A pair of Nashville Warblers Copper (co-ordinator for San Diego County), Brian Daniels, Dave accompanyingtwo juveniles on Big PineMt., July 21-22(JEL) gave DeSante,Jon L. Dunn, Tom Edell (co-ordinatorfor SanLuis Obispo us concreteevidence of nestingat that location.A pair of Virginia's County), Claude G. Edwards, A. Sidney England, Brett Engstrom, Warblers near Weldon, Kern Co., June 27 (BE) strongly suggested Gary M. Fellers, Carol Friedman, Gary N. Fugle, Steve Ganley, nestingat that location; this is w. of any known breedinglocality in Kimball L. Garrett (co-ordinator for Los Angeles County), Greg Cahfornia and on the w. side of the Sierra Nevada. A Lucy's Warbler Gillson, Virginia and Wayne Gochenour (V & WG), Carol Goodell, near Imperial BeachJuly 19 (REW) may have summeredlocally as JesseGrantham, JamesM. Greaves, Tom Griggs, Mike Guest, Rob the earliestdates for fall vagrantsalong the coastare July 28 and Aug. Hansen (RHa), Connie K. Harms, Loren R. Hays, Ron Haywood 18. (RHay), Fred Heath, Matt Heindel (Mall), Mitch Heindel (Mill), A N. Parula was alongMono Cr., in the upper SantaYnez R. area Rick Hewitt (RHe), Roger Higson (RHi), Don Hoechlin, Carol C June 13-14(JMG) and anotherwas near there alongthe SantaYnez Honer, Janet Jackson(co-ordinator for Colorado River valley), Lee R, July I (JMG); there is only one previoussummer record for the Jones, Paul Jorgensen,Brian W. Keelan, Dave King (DKi), Jack

Volume 36, Number 6 1017 Kinsey, Dave Kreuper (DKr), Paul E. Lehman (co-ordinator for Jim and Elaine Riley (J & ER), Jim S. Royer, Larry Salata, Fred Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties), Joan E. Lentz, Isabel Ludlum, Schaeffner, Brad Schram, Trudy Siptroth, Nancy States(NSt), Mary Nancy Mann, Curtis Marantz, Paul McConnel, John McDonald, Bev Beth Stow, Phil Swan, Nate Sweet (NSw), Jan Tarble, Ken Weaver, Mcintosh, Thomas A. Meixner, Fay Miller, Maggie Miller, Jim Richard E. Webster, Michael Weinstein (MWe), Mike Wihler (MWi), Morris, Terry Myer, Jerry Oldenettel, Dennis Parker (DPa), Ben- Douglas R. Willick, Cora Wilson, Lee Wilson, Russell and Marion jamin D. Parmeter, Eleanor B. Parsons,Arleta F. Patterson, Sally Wilson (R & MW), Tom Wurster.--GUY McCASKIE, San Diego Pearce, Tim Pickering, Dave Povey (DPo), Sylvia J. Ranney (co- Natural History Museum, Balboa Park, P.O. Box 1390, San Diego, ordinator for Orange County), Hugh Ranson, Dorthea Rible (DR), California 92112.

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS REGION previously in Hawaii. A • Am. Wigeon also at Kii Pond June 18(RS), was definitely out of season.Two Gray Francofins with four young /Robert L. Pyle were found at Hapuna Beach, H., July 19 (PPa).

Unstable trade winds brought more frequent light rains and cloudier skies this summer throughout the main islands. Several From a group of six (three male, three female} Blue-winged heavy rainsduring July, affectingparticularly the Big Island, resulted Teal presentat Aimakapa Pond, H., in late winter and spring, from numeroustropical stormsleaving the easternPacific and passing one pair remained through May. Then on June 13 came the by to the south of the island chain. This anomalousatmospheric startling discovery (PPa) of the handsomeadults with seven pattern, which last happened in 1978, could conceivably have an ducklings! Research thus far indicates that this may well effect on the waterbird migration to Hawaii this fall. constitute the first record of a normally migrant or straggler duck speciesbreeding in Hawaii. A photo obtained June 18 ISLAND ABBREVIATIONS -- F.F.S.: French Frigate Shoals, (PPa) shows all nine birds accompaniedby a few Hawaiian H.: Hawaii I., K.: Kauai I., L.: Lanai I., M.: Maui I., O.: Oahu I. (Am.) Coots with the very high frontal shield distinctive of the Hawaiian race. This teal in fact is one of the least frequently reported migrantduck speciesin Hawaii.

GALLINULES THROUGH TERNS -- During the statewide waterbird count Aug. 5,692 Hawaiian (Am.) Coot and 109 Hawaiian (Black-necked) Stilts were countedon Niihau I., comparedto only 13 and 43, respectively, on nearby Kauai I. (TD. Niihau, about 30 km w. of Kauai and only one-seventh its size, has only a few ethnic Hawaiian inhabitants, is privately owned, inaccessibleto visitors includingornithologists, and must be surveyedfrom a plane. Such low countson Kauai are very unusualin summer(TT). This year, the wet early summer may have provided extra good habitat on Niihau to attract wetland breeders from Kauai. Seasonal movements of some endemic wetland speciesbetween Kauai and Niihau for nestinghas long been suspected,but not adequately documented.The waterbird survey also found 45 Hawaiian (Com.) Gallinules and 41 Koloa (Hawaiian Duck) on Kauai, but noneof either species'onNiihau. All of these wetland breedersare Endangered.At Aimakapa Pond, H., 70 coots were present in June. Five nestingterritories had been established, including 2 with eggs and one with two chicks on June 22 PETRELS THROUGH BOOBIES -- Observers (PC et al.) at (PPa). Lanaihaleatop the tiny mountainrange on Lanai I., June24 reported Regular surveysthrough the seasonat BellowsField, O., indicated 'Ua'u (Hawaiian Dark-rumpedPetrel, Endangered)had returnedto more oversummeringAm. Golden Plovers there than usual. Some their presumednesting area there. Five pairs (vocalizing)and six showed partial or full breeding plumage, which is rarely observed singles(not vocalizing) were seen before dark, and vocalizingcon- here in summer (PB). One in excellent breeding plumagewas ob- tinued for over an hour after dark. An ad. Bulwer's Petrel was picked served at Kaneohe Air Station, O., June 7 (DS). But on Hawaii I., no up alive from the oceanoff Lanikai Beach,O., June7 (ML), not far plovers were seenin their usualhaunts through June and July (PPa), from several offshore islets where these birds nest in very small except one at Mountain View July 23 (PPy) which may have been an numbers.A White-tailed Tropicbird July 4-7 at Tern I., F.F.S. (fide early returnee. Countsof 6-13 Ruddy Turnstoneswere reportedJune SF) was unusualat a small, low-lying atoll. On the other hand, up to 13-July 14 from Hawaii I. (PPa), Oahu (PPy) and Kure (MM). Some three Red-tailedTropicbirds (which are more the bird of the low-lying were in partial breeding plumage. The Black Tern at Aimakapa Pond atolls) were seen several times this summer cruisingthe slopesof and the two Com. Terns at Kii Pond, all accidental stragglersto the Koko Crater and nearby Manana I., off s.e. Oahu (PB, DS etal.). One statelast winter, liked it here well enoughto staythrough at leastmost was foundJune 12 on an eggon Manana (RS), where severalnestings of July. have been confirmed in recent years. Two Masked Boobiesbrought to Oahu severalyears ago as chicks PASSERINES -- A family of two adult and two imm. Greater and raisedas free-flyingbirds at Sea Life Park, nestedthis year in the Necklaced Laugb.ing-thrushes was watchedforaging through a yard Park near a well-traveled visitor walkway. The singleegg (normally 2 in Kapaa, K., July 2 ! (WS). The almostextinct 'O'o'a'a was recorded are laid) was incubated faithfully for nearly 3 months but proved one more time in May in the Alakai Swamp, K. (John Sincock,fide infertile (IK). This speciesis found in the main Hawaiian Is., only at TT). A surveytrip by statebiologists to the n. slopeof Haleakala, M., Moku Manu Islet, 18km from the Park, where 3-5 pairs nestregularly July 19-23 reported three Po'ouli sightingsof at least two different each year. individuals (MM, TB, PPy). They may have been the same birds found there in April (see last season'sreport). Maui Parrotbills were WATERFOWL THROUGH FRANCOLIN- Two Fulvous seen frequently, including groups of mixed adults and iramatures WhistlingDucks appeared at Kii Pond,James Campbell N.W.R., O., (PPy). Both these speciesare highly Endangered. Crested Honey- June 18 (RS), and were reportedthere occasionallyuntil at leastearly creepers, also Endangered, were observed in good numbers. But August. They probablyare from the flock of six seentwice at nearby 'Apapane and 'I'iwi, the commoner Drepanidids elsewhere in the PunamanoPond in early January. The specieshad not been recorded state, were unexpectedly scarce. The observersreported these actu-

1018 American Birds, November 1982 ally were lessnumerous and lessfrequently recorded than the Parrot- flourishing Thirty were counted June 18 (PPa) at the feeder where bills (!), Crested Honeycreepers and Main Creepers. they were originally discovered. The owner estimates"hundreds" are A report (JP) of at least eight Warbling Silverbillscoming regularly now in the area. to a feeder in Kihei, M., during most of July was interesting as a range extension and also because silverbills have not previously been CONTRIBUTORS -- Phil Bruner, Tim Burr, George Campbell, reported coming regularly to feeders. A fine • Pin-tailedWhydah Peter Connally, Peter Donaldson, Stewart Fefer, Ingrid Kang, observedat leisure July 15 in the Magic 1. portion ofAla Moana P., JosephKleiman, Marlene Lyons, Marie Morin, Peter Paton, JoAnn Monolulu(GC), representedthe firstreport of this speciesin nearly2 Pruszynski,Peter Pyle, Winona Sears, Rob Shallenberger,Dominic years.It is not now consideredto be established.The incipientJava Shetony, Tom Telfer.--ROBERT L. PYLE, 741 N. Kalaheo Ave., Sparrow colony first reported last winter in Kailua-Kona, H., is Kailua, HI 96734.

WEST INDIES REGION ture were observed on July 9. Nesting and over-summering shore- /Robert L. Norton birds were surveyed on the e. P.R. Bank (Table 1). Anegada and St.C., representthe mostsignificant areas for stop-overduring migration in the VA., but alsoprovide importanthabitat for nestingspecies Weather conditionsin the Region,particularly the easternsections and summer visitants. In a rough way the beginningof the shorebird of the Caribbean, were generally hotter and drier than last summer. migration can be seen occurring in the secondor third week of June Precipitationwas down 20% in Juneand 16%below average for July. Perhapsthis is an accumulation of other over-summeringshorebirds There was a mild tropical wave in late July heralding the hurricane from other areas in the n. Caribbean. Snowy Plover was confirmedas season. nestingat A. (RLN) June 12 and Killdeer was found nestingat St.T , June 11. Two Dunlin were carefully noted at St.C. (FS) June 15. ABBREVIATIONS -- Anegada is hereafter A.; Bermuda = B.; Culebra = C.; St. Croix = St.C.; St. John = St.J.; St. Thomas = Table 1. Numbers of shorebirds iu the Virgin Islauds in June and St T.; Puerto Rico = P.R.; the Virgin Islands = either U.S. for July, 19822 United States or B. for British.

St. T. A. St. C. St. T. St. C SPECIES June 11 June 12-13 June 25 July 13 July 14 Semipalmated THE NORTHERN VIRGIN Plover. I I 12 7 11 ISLANDS AND EASTERN 64'[30' Snowy Plover* 0 10' 0 0 0 PUERTO RICAN BANK Wilson's Plover* 4 50 35 9 44 Killdeer* 3 0 2 7 2 Black-bellied Plover 0 12 4 I 11 // •l- ANEGADARuddy Turnstone 0 5 16 3 2 Whimbrel 0 3 2 0 4 SpottedSandpiper 0 0 0 I 2 Greater Yellowlegs 0 0 0 0 5 Lesser Yellowlegs 0 0 2 5 3 Willet 0 50* 4(*?) 0 10 Red Knot 0 0 2 0 5 Least Sandpiper 0 0 10 0 5 Semipalmated Sandpiper 0 45 51 I 18 Western Sandpiper 0 0 52 0 24 Short-billed Dowitcher 0 0 7 0 10 Stilt Sandpiper 0 55 0 0 4 Black-necked Stilt* 20 70 72 16 49 SHEARWATERSTHROUGH OSPREY -- Audubon'sSfiear- * = nesting watersfledged successfully from 5 studyburrows on SabaCay, St.T, • Supportedin part by AcceleratedResearch Program Contract 14-16-0009-82- indicatinga higher per cent fledgerate than in previousyears. A 007. hatch-yearMasked Booby bandedat CockroachCay, St.T., in 1981 was pickedup injuredin B., June6 (DW) providingthe third occur- Table 2. NestingLadds on the easternPuerto Rican Bank, 19822 renceof dactylatra there. Masked Boobieswere found nestingagain at AlcarazaCay, C., P.R., June9 (SF). Kepler and Kepler (1979)did SPECIES Culebra (SF,.AM) St. T. A. Total not find Masked or Red-footed boobies breeding on cays off C., in 1970-1971. Red-footeds continue to nest at C., where a late season LaughingGull 810 1000 20 1830 Gull-billed Tern -- -- 10 10 chick was seenJune 9 (SF). A • MagnificentFrigatebird wandered to Roseate Tern 484 2064 -- 2548 B , July 12 (DW) providinganother annual visitation. A Great Blue Heron was noted at Cruz Bay, St.J., June 26 increasingspeculation Sooty Tern 30,680 48,000 -- 78,680 Bridled Tern 900 1200 -- 2100 thata smallgroup is breedingin thevicinity. FS haslocated a possible Least Tern -- -- 36 36 colony on St.C. DW reports that the Yellow-crowned Night Heron re-introductionis doingwell in B., with 21 fledgedyoung this year. Royal Tern 252 12 4 268 Sandwich Tern 500 880 130 1510 Bahama Ducks numbered 122atA., June 12and 60--- were countedin Cayenne Tern -- I I 2 the U.S.V.I., in Juneand July. An Osprey seenJune 25 and July 14at Great Pond, St.C., was a summer visitor as no nesting has been Noddy Tern 1420 1600 -- 3020 discoveredin the area althoughOspreys have been noted in the last • Supportedin part by Pittman-RobertsonV.I. Wildlife Aid, FW-3. few summers.This individual was clearly attributableto carolinensis. A summaryof breedingLarids is offeredin Table 2. Of particular COOTS THROUGH TERNS -- Caribbean Coots continue to note is the first occurrence of Cayenne Tern observed nesting and breed at Francis Bay Pond, St.J., where three adults and one imma- pairedwith a SandwichTern at PelicanCay, St.T., on the P.R. Bank

Volume 36, Number 6 1019 A Cayenne Tern was seen againthis seasonat A., June 12 although ornamental flowers at the Anegada Reef Hotel June 12. It was in 0 not observedincubating. A CommonTern wasnoted at St.C., July 13 plumage and compared with other hummingbirds.Nichols (1943) (FS) and an Arctic Tern carefullydescribed (FS) there as havingshort statesthat the mangois unknown in the B. V.I., with the exception of legs and a grayish breast July 20 providesperhaps only the second A. The mangohas been extirpated from much of its former range in record for the Region. Least Terns nestedat St.C., again this summer the V.I., and is now only common in e. P.R. The record must be with 305 including 10% immaturesJune 25 (JY, RLN). consideredhypothetical. A Belted Kingfisherseen at CinnamonBay, St.J., July 8 representeda surprisingsummer record. A Starlingwas PIGEONS THROUGH STARLINGS -- White-crownedPigeons seen again at Frederiksted, St.C., June 16 (FS). were noted as being more commonin the vicinity of industrialized Krause Lagoon, St.C., than in previousyears with 10+ seen in 40 ADDENDA -- FS reports a carefully studied Long-billed Curlew rain during the broodingperiod in June. A West Indian Nighthawk seen September 20, 1981, at Great Pond, St.C., and compared with was seen (not heard) June 19 at Trttnk Bay, St.J. If breeding, this Whimbrels. This may representthe first record in this century in the would representthe first occurrenceof gundlachiion St.J., although West Indies (Bond, 1979).An Am. Avocet was reportedly presentat most unlikely owing to heavy predationpressure from mongoose, West End Pond, St.C., May 29, 1982 (fide K & SE). feral catsand dogs.Nichols (1943)found a nest of this form on St.T., May 1, 1936. This observationfollows one week after a survey ofA., CONTRIBUTORS -- Sub-regionaleditors in boldface;Alex Molt- where 12West Indian Nighthawkswere observedat Winlass Bay and nares, Karen & Scott Eckert, Sean Furniss, Fred Sladen, David are known to breed. Wingate,John Yntema.--ROBERT L. NORTON, Divisionof Fishand An Antillean Mango, a large hummingbird,was seen feeding at Wildlife, 101 Estate Nazareth, St. Thomas, U.S.V.1. 00802.

Going Places

Trips and Tours, 1983 In addition to the tours listed here, 22 -- Taiwan, Hong Kong and Okinawa, 21 Prepared by Elisabeth Lawatsch most sponsorsoffer more (some many days. Birds. Leaders, PeterChen, Douglas McWhirter and Michael Webster. From more) trips, omitted here because of Los Angeles$2695. A.N.I. BB. EREONCE AGAIN isour annual list- spacelimitations. With few exceptions, ing of birding and natural history we do not list trips of less than 8 days, 23 -- Trinidad and Tobago, 10 days. Birds, tours for March-December, 1983, with many of which, however, may be of natural history. Leaders, Nina Steffee and an occasionalpolar bear or icebergspot- great interest. Don Baldwin. From Miami $1685. NHT. ting trip thrown in. We have returnedto The tour sponsor'skey initials appear 24--Tropical Texas, 4 days. Birds. Leaders, our former practice of publishing only at the end of each entry; full addresses Ben Feltner and Bob Behrstock. From the trips and tours of our advertisersas a are listed alphabetically after the De- CorpusChristi $350. PER. bonusto them for their ongoingsupport cember tours section. Interested of American Birds. Please note that we readers who wish catalogs, brochures, 26 -- West Mexico, 9 days. Birds, natural history. Leader, Jeff Froke. From Mazat- have compiledthis listingfrom informa- etc. should address the sponsors di- lan $850. A.N.I. NE. tion provided by the tour sponsorsand rectly and not American Birds. are not responsible for cancellations T.B.A.--To Be Announced. APRIL, 1983 and alterations. 1 --Texas Coast and Rio Grande Valley, 15 Fees quoted are in American dollars MARCH, 1983 days. Birds, natural history. Leader, and may be consideredapproximate be- 19- Evergladesand Florida Keys, 7 days. Luther Goldman. From Houston $875. cause of possible changes in airfares, Birds, naturalhistory. Leader, Burr Hene- WNT. etc. Whether airfare has been included man. From Miami $590. A.N.I. NE. or not (A.N.I.---Airfare Not Included) 2 -- Sonora, Mexico, 8 days. RepeatedApril 19-- Oaxaca, Mexico, 16days (with Chiapas 23 and November 12. Desert, tropical, is noted after the cost. Where there is no extension, 13days). Birds, natural history. Sierra and shore birds, natural history. indication, the sponsorhas not supplied Leader, David Simon. From Oaxaca $1595 Leader, Rick Taylor. From Tucson$450. airfare information. (For extension, $2395). BB. BP.

U.S.AND THE ARCTIC Everybirder who travels isdrawn to tile NorthernUS and tile Arctic I Illis regionIio•ts many species found nowhere else on tile continent.and serves astl•e breeding ground for many shorebirds, l waterfowl.andother species i]1ostbirders seeohly as migrants. / Peregrineleaders have acquired a special affection for the northern 1 Ben Feltnerds regionswlficl• translates into a fulfillingexperience for our participanfis.

NatrealHistory and Bixding Toms PR,,LOF,SLANS..... I P.O. Box • ALASKA Approx.6-26 luue z•' , ?"•'• Houston, Texas 77001 •, MAINE/NOVASCOTIA 2-10July ,•' ' ,•..."• 1 Phone '• PACIFICNORTHWEST 16-29 July '•*' I (713) 520-7747 POINTPELEE &KIRTLANI)'S WARBLER 16-20 May

1020 American Birds, November 1982