Foundational Medical Anatomy MCBA D603

Overview of Course, Course Objectives, Textbooks, Materials for Lab, & Summer Assignments

Overview of Course

Our Foundational Medical Anatomy course provides medical students with a comprehensive understanding of the structural organization of the human body at both the macro- and microscopic levels. Our course contains and integrates embryology, cell biology, histology, gross anatomy, and basic neuroanatomy. The macro- and micro- structure of cells, tissues, organs, and systems are studied through an integrated and regional approach, and the functional significance of their morphological features is presented. The course is presented and taught in a collaborative, learning atmosphere by which students learn the names, relationships, and basic functions of human body structures. The course relies significantly on a commitment to rigorous self-directed and peer-to-peer learning. Our goal is to facilitate critical thinking skills and correlation of basic science information with clinical problems.

The course is broken into five sections of study, and the course is taught with a regional approach that integrates system-based anatomy throughout the course. An emphasis of the course, especially in labs, is placed on three- dimensional relationships and anatomic variation. The course is taught using a variety of methods, to include but not limited to, pro-dissected cadavers, student dissections, polymer preserved (plastination) specimens, anatomical models, medical imaging, diagnostic ultrasound skills labs, virtual microscopy labs, virtual gross anatomy labs, online learning modules, clinical correlations, lectures, active learning discussions, case discussions, guided review sessions, PrepU (adaptive, formative quizzing program), peer-to-peer teaching, and self-directed learning.

Course Objectives *The term “Anatomy”, unless stated otherwise, includes all sub-disciplines of anatomy (microscopic anatomy, macroscopic anatomy, neuroanatomy) Anatomy Objectives **Below are the general course objectives; for each lecture and lab, specific key concepts and learning The Student will be able to… objectives will be provided.

Demonstrate a thorough understanding of fundamental elements and key concepts of clinical embryology, histology (microscopic anatomy), gross anatomy, and neuroanatomy.

Accurately discuss normal human anatomy at the macroscopic and microscopic levels.

Demonstrate and integrate the structure of cells, tissues, and organs across microscopic and macroscopic levels and explain the functional significance of their morphological features.

Perform dissections and view pro-dissections of gross anatomical structures throughout the human body in a regional progression and demonstrate dissected structures in an organized and coherent manner.

Discuss the different types of specimen preparation and staining for different types of microscopy and histological evaluation.

Identify and discuss organs viewed at the microscopic level.

Demonstrate and identify general characteristics and special features of normal microscopic structures through digitized static labeled images and virtual slides in order to relate these two-dimensional images to the three-dimensional features of tissues and organs. Define the major components of the human nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, cerebellum, deep brain structures, cranial nerves, spinal cord, spinal nerves, sensory systems, motor systems, and the autonomic nervous system.

Integrate basic concepts and principles of human anatomy as they pertain to clinical medicine.

Discuss and describe embryology and anatomy, including variations and basic anomalies and abnormalities, with peers, faculty, and teaching assistants within the team-taught course.

Imaging Objectives

The Student will be able to…

Provide an anatomical basis for the use of cross-sectional anatomy and the various forms of 3D medical imaging.

Discuss physical characteristics of diagnostic ultrasound, the ultrasound machine operations, and ultrasound operational features in the generation of quality ultrasound images.

Demonstrate basic skills in the use of the laptop ultrasound unit for acquisition and basic interpretation of ultrasound images using B mode and/or Color Doppler.

Demonstrate basic skills to obtain ultrasound images of the heart, abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, urinary bladder, knee joint, thyroid gland, carotid arterial system, and internal jugular vein.

Professional Development and Professional Behavior Objectives

The Student will be able to…

Demonstrate active problem-based learning and promote lifelong learning.

Use critical thinking skills to correlate basic science studies with clinical entities.

Understand and discuss how the scientific method is applied in the study of embryology and anatomy.

Demonstrate the highest level of professional and ethical behavior and to act with integrity.

Demonstrate the utmost professionalism and respect for our donors, the medical students “first patients,” who provide the opportunity and privilege of learning in the gross anatomy lab from their selfless gift through the Gift of Body (GOB) program.

Work as a team member and interact professionally, respectfully, and appropriately with all faculty, staff, teaching assistants, and peers.

Textbooks & Atlases Below are the textbooks and atlases for the course. You may purchase the hardcopy or e-text for any of them.

For some, you may access freely through the USC-SOM-C Library – you will need your SOM ID and password.

M-I Subject Guide, Foundational Medical Anatomy https://uscmed.sc.libguides.com/c.php?g=945077&p=7623009

Remote Access FAQ https://uscmed.sc.libguides.com/remoteaccess

Complete Anatomy App – Required and purchased for students by USC-SOM-C You will be given your access information during orientation week.

Textbooks – Required • Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 8th Ed. * https://shop.lww.com/Clinically-Oriented-Anatomy/p/9781496347213 • Moore & Persaud, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology 11th Ed. * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH CLINICAL KEY https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www-clinicalkey-com.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0-C20170011084 * https://www.elsevier.com/books/the-developing-human/moore/978-0-323-61154-1 • Thieme Online Dissector (provided free to students by the Dept. of CBA) * Site: http://mycourse.thieme.com Course: 2020 MEGA USC Dissector Code: TBD * Your customized Thieme Online Dissector will be available through MyCourse. You will use the following link and code to gain student access. The code will be provided to you during orientation.

Board Review Book – Required • Board Review Series (BRS) Cell Biology & Histology, 8th Ed. (or any edition) * https://shop.lww.com/BRS-Cell-Biology-and-Histology/p/9781496396358

Atlases – Required • Real Anatomy: 2.0 Web Version (digital, web atlas) * https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Real+Anatomy+2+0+Web+Version-p-9781118516720 • Berman, Color Atlas of Basic Histology 3rd Ed. * https://www.amazon.com/Color-Atlas-Basic-Histology-Science/dp/0071402888

Board Review Books –Recommended The below are supplemental sources once your foundation is built to provide a rapid review of concise and high yield content before an exam, the NBME, and USMLE Step 1. • Board Review Series (BRS) Gross Anatomy, 9th Ed. (or any edition) * https://shop.lww.com/BRS-Gross-Anatomy/p/9781496385277 • Board Review Series (BRS) Embryology, 6th Ed. (or any edition) * https://shop.lww.com/BRS-Embryology/p/9781451190380

Textbooks – Recommended • Gartner, Textbook of Histology 5th Ed. (or any edition) * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH CLINICAL KEY https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www-clinicalkey-com.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0- C2018001333X?indexOverride=GLOBAL * https://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/textbook-of-histology-9780323355636.html • Waxman, Clinical Neuroanatomy 28th Ed. * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH ACCESS MEDICINE https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/book.aspx?bookid=1969

Gross Anatomy Atlases – Recommended (choose one or more) • Netter, Atlas of Human Anatomy, 7th Ed. (or any edition) * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH CLINICAL KEY https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www.clinicalkey.com/dura/browse/bookChapter/3-s2.0-C20140050319 * https://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/atlas-of-human-anatomy-9780323393225.html • Gilroy, Atlas of Anatomy, 4th Ed. (or any edition) * https://www.thieme.com/books-main/anatomy/product/5620-atlas-of-anatomy • Loukas, Gray’s Clinical Photographic Dissector of the Human Body, 2nd Ed. (or any edition) * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH CLINICAL KEY https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www-clinicalkey-com.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0-C20160031698 * https://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/gray-s-clinical-photographic-dissector-of-the-human-body-9780323544177.html • Rohen, Anatomy: A Photographic Atlas, 8th Ed. (or any edition) * https://shop.lww.com/Anatomy/p/9781451193183 • Lippincott Atlas of Anatomy, 2nd Ed. (or any edition) * https://shop.lww.com/Lippincott-Atlas-of-Anatomy/p/9781496338228 • Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy, 15th Ed. (or any edition) * https://shop.lww.com/Grant-s-Atlas-of-Anatomy/p/9781975138707

Neuroanatomy Atlases – Recommended • Felten, Netter’s Atlas of Neuroscience, 3rd Ed. (or any edition) * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH CLINICAL KEY https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www.clinicalkey.com/dura/browse/bookChapter/3-s2.0-C20130139700 * https://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/netter-s-atlas-of-neuroscience-9780323265119.html • Nolte’s The Human Brain in Photographs and Diagrams, 5th Ed. (or any edition) * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH CLINICAL KEY https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www-clinicalkey-com.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0- C20170008030?indexOverride=GLOBAL * https://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/nolte-s-the-human-brain-in-photographs-and-diagrams-9780323598163.html

Histology Atlases – Recommended • Ovalle, Netter’s Essential Histology, 3rd Ed. (or any edition) * AVAILABLE THROUGH USC-SOM-C LIBRARY FREE ACCESS THROUGH CLINICAL KEY https://login.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/login?url=https://www-clinicalkey-com.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0-C20180016448 * https://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/netter-s-essential-histology-9780323694643.html • Slide Box through Histology Guide, http://histologyguide.org/slidebox/slidebox.html

Materials Needed for Gross Anatomy Lab

All students are required to wear appropriate attire and personal protective equipment (PPE) in the lab at ALL times – clothed from neck to feet: lab coat, scrub top and pants, socks, and closed-toe shoes. You will have a locker to store your belongings, and you are encouraged to wash your scrubs and lab coat frequently. Especially when dissecting, you must be double-gloved.

You will be provided with a set number of surgical masks for the semester. If you use all of your provided surgical masks, you are then responsible for securing more for yourself. The surgical masks are not reusable, and you may not store and reuse them. The surgical masks are for the gross anatomy lab only – you may not wear those masks outside of the gross anatomy lab. You will also be provided with a face shield and visor. The visor is to be returned at the end of the course.

You are responsible for cleaning your PPE before and after each visit in the lab.

You are also responsible for appropriately storing your PPE.

You may not wear reusable masks in the gross anatomy lab. While dissecting, you are expected to wear the surgical mask with the face shield and visor.

Anyone who fails to wear the specified PPE, will be asked to leave immediately and will not be allowed access until the appropriate PPE is donned.

Students need to obtain…

• Combination lock • Closed-toe shoes & socks • Minimum of two pairs of scrubs * WASHED FREQUENTLY * Only to wear in lab • Lab coat (color does not matter) * WASHED FREQUNETLY • Non-latex gloves * Encouraged to purchase nitrile gloves * Prices ~$6/box • Surgical blades * Each table will be provided with a starting supply of surgical blades. * Then, you are responsible for providing blades – advice, purchase as a table or dissecting group. * Surgical blades #22 –~$35 for 100 blades/box

Summer Assignments

One of the best ways to succeed in Foundational Medical Anatomy is to stay on top of the material. When you come to lecture or lab, you are expected to already have learned the material that is being covered – use scheduled class time as a review to supplement what you read in the text, atlas, online dissector, etc. Be prepared on day one of class to discuss the cell biology material being presented.

Our course officially starts on Monday, August 10th at 8:00 am.

Your first exam is scheduled for Wednesday, August 19th, and it will contain BOTH a written exam and a practical exam. All questions in this first exam are multiple-choice format.

With that said, it would be best for you to be prepared before class begins on August 10th. The content covered on the first exam will be:

 Introduction to Histology  Cell biology  Epithelium & Glands  Connective tissue and cells  Blood, Bone marrow, and Hematopoiesis  Bone & Cartilage  Muscle

 Chapters in Gartner’s BRS Cell Biology and Histology; In Gartner’s Textbook of Histology

 Human development, Embryology weeks 1—4

 Chapters in Moore & Persaud, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology

Remember, some of your texts you have full, direct, free access to through the USC-SOM-C Medical Library https://uscmed.sc.libguides.com/c.php?g=945077&p=7623009

https://uscmed.sc.libguides.com/remoteaccess

You will find on the next page, a summary of terms put together by Dr. LaVoie and the other histology faculty. Please review this document and refer to it for terminology and structures you are expected to know, along with the corresponding chapters in the BRS Cell Biology and Histology textbook.

During orientation week, Dr. LaVoie will provide you with a self-study, narrated PPT on the Introduction to Histology and Methods of Histology. You are expected to review this document prior to August 10th.

Also, you are expected to read, be familiar with, and review the following gross anatomy content.

• Introduction Chapter: Overview and Basic Concepts (pgs. 2-69) * in Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy • Diagnostic Radiology: An Introduction to Clinical Anatomy (make sure the volume is on) * https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=Aw3Opi2G5jA

You are strongly encouraged to review your medical terminology. Use this free review course. http://www.dmu.edu/medterms/ Dear Incoming MI students: The faculty have prepared a topic/term list to help you prepare for the histology portions of this Fall's Foundational Medical Anatomy. We will be covering these terms and many others in our lectures and virtual microscope labs. Please review these to make sure you have a basic understanding of what these terms mean at the simplest level before coming into the lectures related to the Chapters in your assigned Textbook. If you have not had an introductory biology class for a while, we suggest you review these terms over the summer.

Chapters refer to BRS Cell Biology and Histology 8th ed, Leslie P. Gartner

Shaded Chapter Denotes Material Covered On: Exam 1 Exam 2 Exam 3 Exam 5 *note: Material from Chapter 13 will be on exams 2 and 5; Material from Chapters 10 and 11 will be on exams 2, 3, and 5; Material from Chapters 14 and 15 will be on exams 3 and 5

Cell Tissue Types, Cells, Tissues Circulatory and Respiratory Lymphatic & Endocrine GI and Urinary Reproductive Special Senses, Biology and Fibers con't. Integumentary Systems System Systems Systems Systems Neuro Day 1 Chapters 2-4 Chapter 5 Chapter 7 Chapter 9 Chapter 13 Chapter 10 Chapters 14 & 15 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Extracellular Matrix, Methods Self-Study Common Blood and Muscle Circulatory Lymphoid Female Male Special Epithelia, Glands & Respiratory Gastrointestinal Stains Hemopoiesis Tissue System System System Reproductive System Reproductive System Senses Connective Tissue System Glass microscope slide with fixed tissue sample or biopsy Basic tissue types Many blood cells overlap with those cells Skeletal muscle Endocardium Nasal cavity Antigen Oral mucosa Ovarian anatomy Scrotum Eye Light microscopy Epithelial tissue classification Cardiac muscle Myocardium Nasal Conchae Innate defenses Parakeratinized Ovarian development Reproductive development Eye chambers Electron microscopy Keratinization Blood vs plasma vs serum Smooth muscle Epicardium Olfactory epithelium Natural killer cells Soft Palate Germinal epithelium Spermatic cords Cornea Hematoxylin and eosin Microvilli (light microscope) Erythrocytes (RBCs) Sarcomere Pericardium Paranasal sinuses Immunity Cheek Tunica albuginea Testes Sclera Periodic Acid Schiff Terminal web Agranulocytes Myofilaments Conduction system Pharynx Immunoglobulins Tongue Ovarian follicles Leydig (Interstitial) cells Aqueous humor Elastin stains Stereocilia Granulocytes Endomysium Purkinjee fibers Larynx CD molecules Papillae Oocyte Seminiferous tubules Iris Trichrome stains Cilia Platelets Motor unit Arteries Vocal folds Lymphocytes Taste buds Ovarian follicle development Spermatogenesis Pupil Metachromasia Basal bodies Hematopoietic stem cells Transverse (T) tubules Veins Ventricular folds (vestibular folds) Major histocompatability complex Teeth Cumulus oophorous Setoli cells Ciliary body Immunofluorescence Terminal bar Megakaryocytes Sarcoplasmic reticulum Arterioles Trachea Antigen presenting cells Salivary glands Corona radiata Testosterone Choroid Immunohistochemical staining Tight junction (zonula occludens) Intercalated disks Capillaries (3 types) Bronchi Diffuse lymphatic tissue Intercalated & striated ducts Estrogen Inhibin Lens Zonula adherens Chapter 6 Lung Lymphatic nodules Gastrointestinal tract layers Progesterone Efferent ductules Vitreous humor Chapter 1 Macula adherens (desmosome) Cartilage & Bone Chapter 12 Bronchiole Germinal center Esophagus hCG Epididymis Cell Gap junctions Chondrocyte Chapter 8 Skin Respiratory bronchiole Tonsils Stomach Corpus luteum Decapacitation Ear Plasma membrane Basement membrane Perichondrium Nervous Tissue Epidermis Clara cells Lymph nodes Rugae Uterine tubes (oviduct or Fallopian tubes) Ductus (vas) deferens Auricle Lipid rafts Focal adhesion Collagen Neuron Epidermal layers Alveolar duct Dendritic cells Gastric pits Dynamic microstructure of Uterus Seminal vesicles External acoustic meatus Glyocalyx Hemidesmosome Proteoglycan Synapse Lamellar bodies Alveolar sac Thymus Surface mucous cells Endometrium & myometrium Ejaculatory duct Tympanic membrane Freeze fracture Exocrine glands Hyaline cartilage Ganglion Keratohyalin granules Alveolus Spleen Parietal cells Cervix Prostate gland Tympanic cavity Transport Collagen Elastic cartilage Axon (axon hillock) Melanocytes/ Melanin Type I pneumocyte Chief cells Menstrual cycle Urethra Eustachian tube Chapter 11 Nucleus Elastin Fibrocartilage Dendrite Langerhans cells Type II pneumocyte Endocrine Enteroendocrine cells Vagina Prostatic concretions Ossicles Nucleolus Fibrillin Chondrogenesis Astrocytes Merkel cells Alveolar macrophage System Small intestine Trophoblast Oval and round windows Nuclear envelope Reticular fibers Microglia Dermis Hormones & hormone receptors Duodenum Placenta Inner ear Cell cycle Glycosaminoglycans Osteocytes Ependymal cells Hypodermis Pituitary gland Jejunum Amnion Semi-cicular canals Mitosis Proteoglycans Osteoclasts Blood-brain barrier Hypophyseal portal system Ileum Chorionic villi Cochlea Chromatin & DNA Fibronectin Osteoblasts Peripheral nerves Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) Plicae circulares Decidua mRNA, tRNA, rRNA Laminin Bone classification Ganglia Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) Villi Umbilical cord protein Fibroblasts Periosteum Nissl bodies Anterior pituitary cells Crypts of Lieberkühn (intestinal glands) Mammary gland (ducts & alveoli) Residual bodies Myofibroblasts Endosteum Neurotransmitter Thyroid gland Enterocytes (Absorptive cells) Lipofucsin Macrophages Osteon Axonal transport Thyroid follicle Goblet cells Peroxisomes Monocyte Lamellae Schwann cells Thyroglobulin Large intestine or colon Secretory vesicles Mast cells Haversian canal Oligodendrocytes Thyroid hormones: T3, T4 Rectum Zymogen granules Pericytes Endochondral bone Myelin Parafollicular or C cells Anal canal Lipid droplet Lymphocytes Intramembranous bone Adrenal gland Appendix Glycogen Plasma cells Primary ossification center Adrenal cortex Liver Mitochondria Neutrophils Appositional growth Zona glomerulosa Hepatic portal vein Rough endoplasmic reticulum Adipocytes Epiphyseal plate Zona fasciculata Hepatic artery Ribosomes Eosinophils Bone repair Zone reticularis Portal area Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Basophils Steroid hormones Sinusoids Golgi apparatus Adrenal medulla Hepatocytes Lysosomes Epinephrine, norepinephrine Bile canaliculi Cytoskeleton Chromaffin cells Bile ducts Microtubules Pineal gland Hepatic stellate cell (Ito cell) Cilia Pancreatic islets Kupffer cells (liver macrophages) Centrioles Pancreas Microfilaments Microvilli (election microscope) Chapter 16 Intermediate filaments Urinary System Autophagy Kidney Apoptosis Medullary rays Necrosis Cortical labyrinth Renal vascularization Nephron Renal corpuscle Glomerulus Bowman's capsule Proximal convoluted tubules Thin Loop of Henle Juxtaglomerular apparatus Macula densa Juxtaglomeular cells Extraglomerular mesangial cells Intraglomerular mesangial cells Calyces Renal pelvis Ureter Urinary bladder