Los Verbos Reflexivos
Avancemos 2 – Unidad 2 Lección 2 What is a Reflexive Verb?
• A reflexive verb is a verb that uses a reflexive pronoun.
• The reflexive pronoun shows that the subject receives the action of the verb while at the same time completing the action of the verb.
• In other words, many reflexive verbs are actions that a person does to or for themselves. To say that people do something to or for themselves you use reflexive verbs. For example washing one’s hands lavarse las manos and brushing one’s teeth cepillarse los dientes are reflexive actions because the person doing the action ALSO receives the action. How do you know a verb is reflexive? It ends in “se” in the infinitive form. ducharse cepillarse afeitarse How is a Reflexive verb conjugated?
• In the infinitive form of reflexive verbs, the reflexive pronoun attaches to the end of the verb. • Examples: bañarse – to bathe oneself lavarse – to wash oneself cepillarse los dientes – to brush one’s teeth All reflexive verbs are used with a reflexive pronoun. Each reflexive pronoun matches up with the subject pronoun that it “reflects” Reflexive Subject Pronoun Translation yo me myself tú te yourself himself/herself/ él/ella/usted se itself/yourself nosotros nos ourselves
themselves, yourselves, ellos/ellas ustedes se each other When you conjugate reflexive verbs, you should conjugate the verb normally and place the pronoun BEFORE the conjugated verb.
Here are the reflexive pronouns: me nos
te os
se se ***You still conjugate the verb as you would normally do, now you just add a reflexive pronoun before it. Bañarse – to take a bath/to bathe oneself.
Yo me baño Nosotros nos bañamos
Tú te bañas
Él/ella/usted se baña Ellos/ellas/ustedes se bañan Many reflexive verbs are translated into English with the word “get” like vestirse to get dressed or arreglarse to get ready (presentable) REFLEXIVE vs NON-REFLEXIVE Some verbs can be reflexive AND non reflexive. However, they can have small but important changes in meaning when they become reflexive. NOT REFLEXIVE Meaning REFLEXIVE Meaning dormir to sleep dormirse to fall asleep quitar to take away quitarse to take off acostar to put to bed acostarse to go to bed levantar to raise, lift levantarse to get up llamar to call llamarse to be called poner to put ponerse to put on quedar to be left over quedarse to remain, to stay Here we are seeing the difference between a reflexive verb and a non reflexive verb.
Ana Juan
Claudia NON REFLEXIVE REFLEXIVE Claudia is getting her hair cut BY Ana. She is NOT doing the action TO HERSELF so the non reflexive verb “cortar” is used. Ana corta el pelo.
Ana Juan
Claudia NON REFLEXIVE REFLEXIVE Juan is cutting HIS OWN hair. He is doing the action TO HIMSELF so the reflexive verb “cortarse” is used. Ana corta el pelo. Juan se corta el pelo.
Ana Juan
Claudia NON REFLEXIVE REFLEXIVE Choose which is reflexive? ALetter “A” is reflexiveB becauseJulia Ana is combing her own hair. Ana se peina el pelo. In letter”B” Julia is combing Ana’s hair. Julia peina el pelo de Ana.
Ana Ana Choose which is reflexive? A B Letter “B”Juana is reflexive because Lina is painting her own nails. Lina se pinta las uñas. In letter ”A” Juana is painting Laura’s nails. LauraJuana pinta las uñas de Laura. Lina Choose which is reflexive? ALetter “B” is reflexiveB because Paco is washing his (own) hands. Paco se lava las manos. In letter ”A” Paco is washing dishes. He is not doing the action to himself. Paco lava los platos . Paco Paco Where does the reflexive pronoun go? In the present tense and other simple (single word) tenses it goes in front of the conjugated verb. Yo mepein o. Where does the reflexive pronoun go?
When a reflexive verb follows a conjugated verb (I want to shower) (I am going to shower), use the correct reflexive pronoun with the infinitive.
You can ATTACH the pronoun to the infinitive: Ex: A que hora quieres despertarte? (What time do you want to wake up?)
You can also place the reflexive pronoun BEFORE the conjugated verb. Ex: Me quiero despertar a las siete. (I want to wake up at seven.) Where does the reflexive pronoun go?
With infinitives it can go in front of the conjugated verb, or attached to the end of the infinitive. Yo me voy a vestir. Yo voy a vestirme. Where does the reflexive pronoun go? It is the same with present participles (“ing” verbs ending in ando, iendo or endo ). It can go in front of the conjugated verb, or attached to the end of the present participle. Yo me estoy duchando. Estoy duchandome. *A NOTE TO REMEMBER
*Since the reflexive pronoun tells what a person is doing to himself, it is not necessary to use a possessive pronoun (my, yours, his, her, etc.) when referring to body parts. Yo me lavo LAS manos NOT Yo me lavo MIS manos
Since the ME in this sentence says that I am washing myself…it is already clear that I am washing MY hands. Many reflexive verbs are used to talk about your morning grooming routine as you get ready for the day and at night when you are getting ready for bed. Práctica con los verbos reflexivos (Pablo)*despertarse
Luz se despierta a las siete. (Tú) levantarse (temprano)
Tú te levantas temprano . (Usted) ducharse
la ducha
Usted se ducha en la ducha. (Nosotros) bañarse
la bañadera
Nos bañamos en la bañadera. (Yo) lavarse el pelo
el pelo
Yo me lavo el pelo. (Ellas) lavarse las manos
las manos
Ellas se lavan las manos. (Ana) afeitarse
las piernas
Ana se afeita las piernas. (Ustedes) secarse
la toalla
Ustedes se secan con la toalla. (Ellos) afeitarse
la barba
Ellos se afeitan la barba. (Nosotros) cepillarse
los dientes
Nosotros nos cepillamos los dientes. (Diego) secarse el pelo
el secador
Diego se seca el pelo con el secador. (Usted) arreglarse
el pelo
Usted se arregla el pelo. (Él) *ponerse
el desodorante
Él se pone el .desodorante. (Nosotros) *vestirse
Nosotros nos. vestimos. (Nosotros) ponerse la ropa
la ropa
Nos ponemos. la ropa. (Yo ) maquillarse
el maquillaje
Me maquillo con el maquillaje.. (Usted ) mirarse
el espejo
Usted se mira. en el espejo. (Yo) *ponerse
el perfume el agua de colonia
Yo me pongo. el perfume. (Él) cortarse el pelo
Él se corta el pelo. (Ellas) pintarse las uñas
las uñas
Ellas se pintan las uñas. (Tú) prepararse
Tú te preparas. (los alumnos)*despedirse
Los alumnos se despiden. (Ustedes) *acostarse
Ustedes se acuestan a las once. Finally, other common reflexive verbs that do not have to do with morning and evening (grooming) routines are: llamarse-to be called (used to tell your name) enojarse-to get angry quejarse-to complain equivocarse-to be mistaken fijarse (en) -to notice, to pay attention (to) olvidarse (de)-to forget *sentarse-to sit down *sentirse-to feel *divertirse -to have fun REPASO DE VOCABULARIO Despertarse Levantarse Ducharse.
la ducha Bañarse
la bañadera Lavarse el pelo. Lavarse las manos. Afeitarse las piernas. Secarse
la toalla Afeitarse la barba. Cepillarse los dientes Secarse el pelo
el secador Ponerse el desodorante. .
el desodorante Vestirse/Ponerse. la ropa Maquillarse con. el maquillaje
el maquillaje Mirarse en. el espejo
el espejo Ponerse el. perfume
el perfume el agua de colonia Cortarse el pelo Pintarase las uñas.
las uñas Prepararse/Arreglarse Despedirse Acostarse FIN