ARIT Newsletter American Research Institute in Turkey

Number 47, Spring 2009 Letter from the President

President Since 1995, ARIT has had the privilege to administer for Turkey the East-Central G. Kenneth Sams European Research Fellows program, generously funded by the Andrew W. Mellon President-Elect A. Kevin Reinhart Foundation. As in other important endeavors, our partner has been the Council of Immediate Past President American Overseas Research Centers (CAORC). The Program was visionary. After Machteld J. Mellink the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Mellon Foundation realized the need for Vice President Nicolas Cahill scholars in the Humanities and Social Sciences working in former-bloc countries to Secretary become repatriated into “Western” scholarship. Working closely with CAORC, the Linda Darling Foundation developed a plan wherein each year scholars from select countries could Treasurer spend up to three months conducting research at a center for advanced study outside Maria deJ. Ellis Directors the former Soviet bloc. Since the inception of the program, ARIT has welcomed Sheila Dillon over 40 East European scholars to its centers in Istanbul and Ankara. They came Gottfried Hagen Kathleen Lynch primarily from Bulgaria and Hungary, but also from the Czech Republic, Poland, Beatrice Manz Romania, and Slovakia. Their fields of study have been diverse. Nearly half pursued Sylvia Önder Honorary Director historical topics ranging from antiquity into the 20th century. About half as many Lee Striker again conducted archaeological research, while others carried out investigations in Institutional Members fields including linguistics, musicology, and Assyriology. The scholars brought new Full Members perspectives and diversity to the ARIT centers, which in turn facilitated scholarly University of Chicago Dumbarton Oaks contact and exchange. Georgetown University Harvard University In a reordering of its priorities, the Mellon Foundation has decided to discontinue University of Illinois the exchange program. We are sorry for this but are also grateful that the program has Indiana University New York University prospered for so many years. On a similar note, the Samuel H. Kress Foundation’s University of Pennsylvania Pre-doctoral Fellowships in Archaeology and Art History are coming to an end. Princeton University University of Toronto This program was highlighted in the spring, 2008 issue of the Newsletter. We are Consortia again grateful for the support the program has given for a good number of young Archaeological Institute of America scholars. University of Arizona Binghamton University I am sorry to report that Dr. Ellen L. Kohler, a staunch and loyal supporter of Boston University ARIT, passed away in early November of last year. Her many contributions to the Brown University Bryn Mawr College ARIT-Ankara library will be long appreciated. She also helped to edit several is- University of California, Berkeley University of California, Los Angeles sues of the Newsletter, where her eye for grammar and Turkish orthography was University of California, San Diego always most welcome. University of Cincinnati Columbia University ARIT is healthy. We stand to be in even better shape once we realize the goals Cornell University The Council of American Overseas of the NEH Challenge Grant to support the libraries in Turkey. For where we are Research Centers in our 45th year, we are thankful to many. In Washington we receive welcome and Dartmouth College Duke University necessary support from the U.S. Departments of State and Education, and we are also Emory University Metropolitan Museum of Art grateful to the National Endowment for the Humanities. From the private sector, University of Michigan the Joukowsky Family Foundation continues to provide an annual Freely Fellow, University of North Carolina Northwestern University while the Friends organizations in Turkey and the U.S. carry on in their loyal and Ohio State University Portland State University generous support of ARIT. Back in Washington, CAORC and its Executive Direc- Texas A & M University tor Mary Ellen Lane are our constant supporters. We profusely thank them all and University of Texas, Austin Tufts University others who go nameless. Tulane University I write this shamefully late transmission from Gordion, where we, on the glori- University of Utah Washington University, Saint Louis ously beautiful plateau of central Anatolia, wish all of you the very best. Yale University G. Kenneth Sams, President ARIT-Istanbul Branch News before and after the Tanzimat Reforms” Istanbul Branch News Andrew Vorkink (Department of Political Science, Boğaziçi University) “Turkey’s Dilemma: The weather in Turkey was mild this winter, but not International Waterways, Archaeology and so the economic climate. It is not clear how hard the Development” world economic crisis has hit and/or will hit Turkey, but certainly it has been a rough winter and spring, Professor Giancarlo Casale (Department and retrenchment is everywhere. As I write there is of History, University of Minnesota) “Imperial cautious optimism on the part of many about Turkey’ Identities: Maps, Geography, and the Idea of situation, but the outlook for the future is far from “Ottoman-ness” in the Sixteenth Century” clear. For ARIT there has been one silver lining to this ARIT’s oldest fellowship program in Turkey is cloud, and that has been, somewhat miraculously, the its Dernek scholarship program, which has been rise of the dollar against the TL. It looks like this will supporting young scholars at Turkish universities not continue, but while it does scholarly dollars have for more than thirty years. This year application stretched a bit further over this past year than we have numbers were down, especially compared to the become used to, and it made life easier for fellows and record number we received last year, but the quality for the Institute. was high. The Dernek Fellowship Committee, The Institute hosted a variety of scholars of different consisting of Professor Alan Duben (Bilgi University), backgrounds and interests this fall and winter. In Professor Günay Kut (Boğaziçi University), Professor contrast to most years, many of them were long-term Zafer Toprak (Boğaziçi University), and Professor residents, so that the hostel was always more than half İnci Delemen (Istanbul University), considered 16 full even in the often slow months of early winter. The applications, and decided to fund the following: rich and varied fare of lectures listed below helped Post-doctoral level: keep the intellectual climate lively: Dr. Rana Özbal (History Department, Boğaziçi Professor Heath Lowry (Atatürk Professor of University) “Preparation for the Publication of the Ottoman and Modern Turkish Studies, Princeton Excavation Results at Tell Kurdu (Hatay)” University) “‘Oh By The Way, We’re Here To Dr. Mehmet Fatih Yavuz (History Department, Stay’: the Ottoman Pattern of Urban Conquest in Çanakkale 18 March University) “The History and the 14th Century Balkans” Archaeology of Byzantion” Dr. Jan Kostenec (Department of Monument Care, Municipality of Prague, ARIT Mellon Doctoral level: Fellow) “New Evidence for the Architecture Ms. Bilge Ar (Architecture Department, Istanbul and Decoration of the Byzantine Hagia Sophia Technical University) “Structural Change in the Complex in Istanbul” Church of Aya Irine over Time” Dr. Oya Pancaroğlu (Department of History, Ms. Ü. Melda Ermiş (Art History Department, Boğaziçi University) “Crafting a Romance in Istanbul University) “An Evaluation of Byzantine Medieval Anatolia: a Text-Image Question from Period Architectural Activity in the Iznik Region” the Illustrated Manuscript of Varqa and Gulshah” Mr. Edip Gölbaşı (Ataturk Institute, Boğaziçi Dr. Helga Anetshofer (ARIT-John Freely University) “Ottoman Policies towards the Fellow): “Women, Sexuality and Gender in Late Kızılbash and Nosairian Communities in the Medieval Anatolian Hagiography” Hamidian Period” Johann Büssow (Oriental Institute, University Ms. Müge Özbek (Atatürk Institute, Boğaziçi of Halle-Wittenberg): “The Exalted State and the University) “The Regulation of Prostitution in the Aneze Bedouin: Ottoman Tribal Politics in Syria Late Ottoman Empire (1875-1922)”

 We have entered the second year of CAORC’s Institutions: The American Board, Canadian center exchange program funded by the Getty Institute of Ukranian Studies, ENKA Holding Foundation that provides scholars in countries with Company, Istanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi, OBIV, American overseas research centres the opportunity Sadberk Hanım Museum, and ISKİ. to travel and do research in other countries with such centers. Over the past winter and spring life at ARIT was enriched by the presence at ARIT of two fellows Istanbul Friends of ARIT News from the first year of the program, Dr. Theofanis Mavridis, working on Late Neolithic connections There is no end to the new and fascinating places between Anatolia and the Aegean Islands, and Dr. to visit in Turkey. After 25 years of arranging tours Senzil Nawid, working on Turko-Afghan relations in around the country, as many as fifteen a year, it some- the early 20th Century. times seems like FARIT has just scratched the sur- face. The ideas, the proposals for trips to places un- In the second year of the program ARIT will seen and sites as yet unvisited, bubble up much faster be hosting three fellows, one from Algeria, Dr. than FARIT can find the time to make the arrange- Yousef Hocine, working on Sufi Manuscipts in the ments. More importantly, it takes time to find the kind Süleymaniye, and Dr. Naseer Arafat and Dr. Shadi of knowledgeable guides that make these trips special. Ghadban, both from Palestine. Their projects We appreciate the many suggestions we receive from both relate to 19th-century Ottoman architecture in Friends for places to organize trips to, and regret that Palestine. From Turkey ARIT will be sending two we are not able to act on them as often as we would scholars to other Mediterranean countries this year. like. Sehrigül Yeşil-Erdek, who works on the mosaics at Perge, will be going to the Center for Maghrib That said, this past season FARIT did manage to Studies inTunis to study mosaic conservation and present a number of new itineraries; in fact every one exhibition. Bülent İşler of Pamukkale University of the trips that FARIT did had something new in it. will be going to American Academy in Rome to do We began in the late fall with a trip to Kaş and the research related to his study of the early Byzantine Lycian coast led by Professor Julian Bennet (Bilkent settlement at Karabel-Asarcık in Lycia. University). From Kaş, the group did a mini Mavi yolculuk to Kekova, travelling by boat eastward first Generous donations of books keep our library to Aperlai, where they clambered around the site and going, and have made it the invaluable resource it then hiked over the headland to Teimiusa. There they is. For this ARIT and all its users are tremendously were picked up by the boat and had a hearty lunch, grateful. We are particularly grateful this spring to then went on to Simena (Kale) and came back to Kaş Dr. Caroline Connor of the University of North for dusk and dinner by the harbor. The next day they Carolina at Chapel Hill for a donation of some 200 spent the morning at Xanthos, the Letoon and Pa- books in the area of Byzantine and classical studies, tara, the latter entirely transformed in recent years by and to the American Board library, which has given the removal of the sand covering many monuments. us an interesting selection of late 19th- and early 20th- In the late afternoon they visited the spectacular site century mission publications and other duplicates of Tlos, enjoying the beautiful view over the plain in from their library. A warm thanks to the following front and the winter sun over the snow-covered moun- individuals and institutions for their recent donations: tains behind. Individuals: Eliot Bates, Harriet Blitzer, Caroline In the early spring the Friends set off on an ambi- Connor, Burak Çetintaş, Ertan Daş, Lydia tious variant of a trip done several times before but Domaradzka, Suraiya Faroqhi, Nenad Filipovich, always in smaller pieces. Lead by the redoubtable Dr. Richard Foltz, Gergana Georgieva, Joanne Geoffrey Summers (Middle East Technical Universi- Greenwood, Robert Irwin, Brian Johnson, Klaus ty), they began in Urfa, with a trip around the city and Kreiser, Heath Lowry, Bruce Masters, and Amy down to Harran. The following morning they visited Singer. for the first time the newly discovered sanctuary of

 Göbeklitepe, the world’s oldest temple, a site with the remains of the original village that gave the forest spectacular animal-carved megaliths dating back to at its name, the group stopped for lunch at a very simple least 9,000 BC. Then it was on to Mardin and to the restaurant in the woods, a perfect end to a splendid Monastery of Deyrülzaferan, then back to Mardin day. Our guide was Gencer Emiroğlu, a member of for sunset at the Kasımiye Medrese. The following FARIT, a trekking and nature sports enthusiast and a day the group toured Midyat and the Monastery of pioneer in Turkish orienteering, who worked out the Mar Gabriel, then spent the afternoon at the dramatic route for this trek especially for our group. Artukid remains at Hasankeyf, spectacularly located The only sad note to the spring was the announce- on a narrow passage of the Tigris. Finally on the last ment by Semrin Korkmaz, FARIT Coordinator for day they went to see the picturesque remains of the seventeen years now (with a hiatus of one year in Roman garrison town at Dara, and then returned to 2000), that she had decided to leave us in order to be tour the walls of Diyarbakir in the afternoon before able devote more time to her new passion, glassmak- flying back to Istanbul. ing. Fortunately for us she left slowly, coming in fre- Later in May, one of ARIT’s oldest friends and quently on her own time to help us with major proj- guides, Professor Scott Redford (Koç University), ects (like the annual dinner). Nevertheless we have lead a FARIT group on another foray off the beaten already begun to miss her good humor and invariable track to an untouched and tourist-free part of Anato- good cheer, not to speak of her tremendous compe- lia. This time the destination was the wild and little tence, both in the office and on all our tours. We wish known western coast of the Black Sea. The group her the best of luck. She is succeeded in the position spent a day strolling through picturesque Sinop, on a of FARIT Coordinator by Begüm Mutluer, who peninsula at the northernmost tip of Anatolia and an brings with her a background in finance and a fascina- important trading post throughout history, where Pro- tion with travel. We look forward to working with her fessor Redford is currently engaged in research. They on many new trips. then drove up over the mountains to Kastamonu, rich in Islamic period buildings, visiting en route the wooden mosque at Kasaba. The evening and fol- lowing morning was spent in Kastamonu, strolling the city at leisure, and visiting its authentic markets, before moving on in the afternoon through Boyabat and Taşköprü to catch a return flight from the newly opened Çorum airport. ARIT Istanbul Address: Over the past 25 years FARIT has organized many Dr. Antony Greenwood tours to different sections and different periods of the ARIT - Istanbul city’s historic waterworks, from the aqueducts along Üvez Sokak No. 5 the long walls and the late antique supply line in Arnuvutköy, İstanbul Northern Thrace to the cisterns in the city and the Ot- 80820 Turkey toman aqueducts around the city. This spring FARIT For ARIT Center: did a different kind of waterworks tour, focusing only Tel: (011-90-212) 257-8111 on the Ottoman waterworks in the Belgrade forest, Fax: (011-90-212) 257-8369 the Taksim and Kırkçeşme systems, which are com- E-Mail: [email protected] prised of one aqueduct, five reservoirs and one pool. For Hostel Guests: What made this tour special was that the group saw almost all parts of the system, and that it was all done Tel: (011-90-212) 265-3622 E-Mail: [email protected] on foot along forest paths (no cars to disturb them). The route linking the various parts of the system was a little over 8 kms long. Towards the end, after seeing

4 ARIT-Ankara Branch News entitled “Hidden in Plain Sight: Comparative Sharing of Ankara Branch News Religious Sites.” Winter activities began with the bi-annual meeting of A celebration commemorating the late Professor the directors of American overseas research centers Machteld J. Mellink and the donation of a substantial organized by the CAORC, our association of U.S. re- portion of her personal library to Ankara ARIT stood out search centers abroad, and hosted by the West African as a highlight among the spring activities. One of the Research Center (WARC) in Dakar, Senegal, which I greatest American scholars of Anatolian archaeology, attended alongside Nancy Leinwand and Tony Green- Miss Mellink had retired in 1988 after teaching for five wood. Immediately following the CAORC meeting, I decades at the Department of Classical and Near East- arrived in Philadelphia for my first ARIT board meeting ern Archaeology at Bryn Mawr College. She had passed in Philadelphia, where I had the wonderful opportunity to away in 2006 at the age of eighty-eight. Many scholars in meet the board of directors and the body of ARIT mem- Ankara, as well as many others passing through Ankara ber delegates. on their way to Denizli to attend the 31st Annual Archae- ological Symposium, joined ARIT’s celebration, which The month of January maintained its active nature with was entitled “Seeds for Anatolian Archaeology: ARIT numerous ARIT and Friends of ARIT lectures sched- and the Legacy of Machteld J. Mellink.” Several of Miss uled for late January – early February. In addition to a Mellink’s former students took part in the celebration, in- series of lectures sponsored by the Friends, a three-lec- cluding the Executive Director of ARIT, Dr. Nancy Lein- ture series, traditionally sponsored by the Turkish Ameri- wand, who joined us from Philadelphia, and the Secretary can Association (TAA), brought together three scholars of the American School of Classical Studies, Dr. Robert of different interests and backgrounds with diverse topics Bridges, who arrived from Athens. Other former stu- of research. In March, Dr. Dylan Bloy (Department of dents and speakers included Dr. Aslı Özyar from Istan- Classics, Gettysburg College) joined the Ankara crowd bul and Dr. Marie-Henriette Gates from Ankara, who to discuss his work on the significance of goddess Cybele each shared with the audience a variety of memories and and Troy in East-West relations during the Roman era, in insights into the mind, soul and teachings of this amazing a lecture entitled “Cybele and Trojan Heritage in Rome’s archaeologist. Melik Ayaz, of the Turkish Ministry of Early Interactions with Anatolia.” Also in March, Dr. Culture and Tourism, also provided an evocative speech Ann Killebrew, an Associate Professor of the Archaeol- about experiences he had with her throughout decades of ogy of Levant at Pennsylvania State University and an research she carried out in Turkey. ARIT fellow, delivered her findings during her ongoing The collection of the Toni M. Cross Library increased archaeological survey project in southeast Turkey, in her since the beginning of January by 369 volumes of books, lecture “The Mopsos Survey 2004-2008: Archaeology 37 issues of 38 journals and 15 newsletters. Of these, 66 of Mediterranean Identities in Issos and Iskendrun Plains books and 91 off-prints come from the Mellink donation (Cilicia, Turkey).” Finally, Dr. Owen Doonan (Program and are now integrated into the library. The continued ef- in Art History and Art Department, California State Uni- forts of our librarian Özlem Eser resulted in the shipment versity Northridge), who was spending a sabbatical se- of about 750 duplicate books and journals in six boxes to mester at the Settlement Archaeology Program, Middle the Eskişehir Anadolu University, an institution which East Technical University (METU), delivered his survey conferred an honorary doctorate in history upon Profes- and research findings in his lecture “Sinop Landscapes: sor Mellink. Towards an Archaeology of Community in the Hinter- This spring several institutions and many individuals land of a Black Sea Port.” contributed to our collection with a large number of do- ARIT also co-sponsored a lecture and seminar held by nations. We thank the Republic of Turkey, Ministry of the Anthropology Program of the Sociology Department Culture and Tourism, Ankara Museum of Anatolian at METU, where Professor Robert Hayden (Depart- Civilizations, the British School at Athens, and the ment of Anthropology, Pittsburgh University) and Dr. Römisch-Germanische Kommission des Deutschen Tuğba Tanyeri (Director, Science of Technology Mu- Archaologischen Instituts (DAI) for their contributions. seum at METU) discussed with students and scholars the In addition, we are grateful to Christopher Lightfoot, progress of their ongoing collaborative work, a lecture Christopher Roosevelt, David Schloen, Dilek Güngen, 5 Elif Denel, Duygu Çelik, Hatçe Baltacıoğlu, İlknur will travel to the Sackler, Oxford and Bodleian libraries Özgen, Lee Ullmann, Lidia Domaradzka, Melih Ar- and to the British Library to continue her investigations slan, Nicholas Cahill, Nicholas Postgate, Nimet Özgüç, into medieval ceramic traditions in her project, “Medieval Peter Ian Kuniholm, Rezan Hürmen, Robert Bridges, Glazed Ceramics Found on the Excavations of the Saint Şener Oktik, and Zeynep Çizmeli Öğün for their do- Nikolaos Church at Demre-Myra.” nations of books and off-prints. Ten scholars used the library 28 times in January, seven scholars 27 times in Ankara Friends of ARIT News February, seventeen scholars 47 times in March, thirteen scholars 37 times in April, fourteen scholars 40 times in The Ankara Friends of ARIT organized a lively series March, and sixteen scholars 54 times in June. of lectures this winter that covered a wide range of topics. Following the departure of our assistant, Ms. Duygu Professor Charles Gates (Bilkent University) and I initi- ated the 2009 lecture series with lectures we had delivered Sapmaz, we added a part-time member to our staff, Ms. in the fall of 2008 at the ASOR meetings in Boston. Dr. Melis Rona, a recent graduate of Bilkent’s Department Gates presented recent developments at Kinet Höyük ex- of Art History and Archaeology. Melis has been helping cavations in his talk, “Achaemenid Persian and Hellenistic mainly our librarian Özlem on various projects, includ- Periods at Kinet Höyük,” while I delivered the presentation ing the incorporation of the Mellink donations into the which I gave in the sessions organized to honor Harvard Toni M. Cross Library. Professor Irene Winter, at which she was presented by her A jury composed of Ankara and Istanbul ARIT Dernek students with a Festschrift entitled “Between the Natural members met in April in Ankara. The jury selected six and the Supernatural: Eunuchs and the Kings in Assyrian scholars worthy for George and Ilse Hanfmann and Artistic Representation.” Machteld J. Mellink Fellowships to carry out research Dr. Edward Kohn from the American Culture and Lit- outside of Turkey. Dr. Canan Çakırlar (Koç University erature Department at Bilkent University gave a widely at- Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations) will travel tended lecture entitled “American Engagement with Turkey to Tübingen to carry out her research project, “A Zoo- in the 20th Century.” Dr. Kohn’s presentation generated archaeological Approach to Acculturation and Regional many questions and extensive discussion. Mr. Abdülkadir Transition Between Anatolia and Syria during Second Ersoy, who owns a popular carpet shop in Ankara, shared Millennium BC: Case Studies from Kinet Höyük and his endeavors to establish weaving co-ops at the villages of formerly nomadic Yörük tribes in the Taurus Mountains Tell Atchana.” Ms. Güzden Varinlioğlu (Ph.D. candi- in a presentation entitled “Fascinating World of Nomads.” date at Bilkent University, Interior Architecture and Envi- His insight into the lives of these spellbinding carpet and ronmental Design) will travel to Texas A&M University kilim makers was enhanced through a presentation of actual to carry out her project, “Virtual Museum of Underwater carpets and kilims from his own collection. Another local Cultural Heritage,” as part of her dissertation. To sup- collector, Alper Yurdemi, delivered a hands-on lecture, port of her dissertation research, Ms. Aliye Erol (Ph. D. “The Ottoman Legacy in Cloth and Embroideries,” which candidate at Istanbul University, Ancient History) will highlighted the history of embroidery tradition in Turkey. conduct a research project titled “Ancient Anatolian Fes- During the evening, Alper Bey brought along rare examples tivals from the Evidence of Coins” at the American Nu- from his extraordinary and rich embroidery collection for mismatic Society in New York, the Fitzwilliam Museum the audience to view. in Cambridge and the Ashmolean. Mr. Aytaç Coşkun Two Georgian art historians, Dr. Nino Kavtaria and Dr. (Dicle University, Archaeology) will travel to the Ger- Irene Giviashvili, joined forces for an in-depth presenta- man Archaeology Institute in Berlin, the Ephesus Mu- tion, “Medieval Georgian Monasteries of Turkey: Archite- seum and the Austrian Archaeology Institute in Vienna crure and Illuminated Manuscripts,” which shed light into and the American School of Classical Studies in Athens a rarely known and understudied topic in the wider Anato- to carry out a project in support of his dissertation work, lian cultural heritage. Finally, Dr. Marie-Henriette Gates called “The Development of Attic-Ionic Bases in Ana- (Bilkent University) shared with the Friends the experiences she had and the observations she made while she spent a tolia.” Ms. Özgü Çömezoğlu (Istanbul University, Art semester as a fellow at the Institute for Advanced Studies of History) will conduct research at the Dumbarton Oaks the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in a lecture she titled and the American School of Classical Studies in Athens “Practice of Archaeology in Israel.” for her project, “Byzantine Period Pottery at the Settle- The Friends of ARIT lectures for the spring were brought ment of Rhodiapolis (Kumluca-Antalya).” Finally, Ms. to an end by an interesting and pleasurable talk,” Pillars of Ebru Fatma Fındık (Hacettepe University, Art History) the Sate: Ottoman Women and Architecture” delivered by  the keynote speaker, Dr. Lucienne Thys-Şenocak (Koç during the walking tour she directed in April through the University), at the Annual Dinner in early June at the Republican architecture of Ankara. Finally, the friends American Ambassador’s Residence. gained first-hand information on the archaeological prog- We grateful to Ambassador James and Mrs. Gudrun ress made at Gordion from Professor Ken Sams, Univer- Jeffrey, who graciously opened up the Ambassador’s Resi- sity of North Carolina, the Persident of ARIT, who is also dence to the Friends for not only the Annual Dinner in the director of the Gordion excavations. June, but also the Antiques Road Show in April, soon after their arrival in Ankara. The Jeffreys are not new to Turkey, having lived in different parts the country on several occa- Ankara ARIT Address: sions over the past twenty years. We are fortunate to have ARIT Center: among us Gudrun Jeffrey, who has been extremely active Dr. Elif Denel in ARIT, not only as the honorary President of the Friends. Şehit Ersan Caddesi, No. 24/9 She has already become an invaluable member of the Steer- Çankaya, Ankara ing Committee. 06680 Turkey The spring trips to a variety of fascinating regions in Tur- Tel: (011-90-312) 427-2222 key attacted substantial attendance by the Friends commu- Fax: (011-90-312) 427-4979 nity here in Ankara. Dr. Yaşar Ersoy (Bilkent University), E-Mail: [email protected] who is the director of Klazomenai excavations at Urla near Izmir as well as a native of Izmir, led the Presidents’ Day For Assistant and Librarian: [email protected] trip in February to Ephesus and the environs of Izmir. A For Hostel Guests: tour in Ankara, directed by Dr. Julian Bennett (Bilkent Tel: (011-90-312) 427-3426 University), not only covered great church and local archi- E-Mail: [email protected] (include name) tecture, history, and archaeology, but also turned out to be a terrific investigation of local traditions of gastronomy. Great food! The season’s final long trip was in June and led by no NOTICE FOR BOOK DONATIONS: other than Ankara ARIT’s former director, Dr. Bahadir Yildirim, who guided the Friends through Aphrodisias BEFORE SENDING BOOKS TO ARIT LI- and Nysa and provided special access to new explorations BRARIES, PLEASE CONTACT THE ARIT currently carried out at both sites. Architectural historian BRANCH OR U.S. OFFICE FOR SHIPPING Dr. Elvan Altan Ergut (Middle East Technical University) INFORMATION also provided special access to currently closed buildings

North American Friends of ARIT Contributions 2008-2009

ARIT National Endowment for the Humanities Endowment Challenge Grant Update Thanks to the generosity of loyal donors and the legacy of Machteld J. Mellink, ARIT is well on its way to meeting its challenge fund goal and earning the National Endowment for the Humanities’ matching grant of $550,000 that was awarded to ARIT in 2007. We deeply appreciate the support of our friends and donors. Your contributions not only support the mission of the Institute to foster research and exchanges in Turkey, but now also will help build ARIT’s future through the NEH endowment challenge fund.

ARIT ANNUAL DONATIONS Benefactor for Life Patrons Sponsoring Donors Douglas Mearns Ellen L. Kohler Kenneth W. Harl Beatrice Manz Bruce Masters Benefactors Cecil L. Striker Brian Rose Anonymous Barbara Porter Estate of Machteld J. Mellink John C. Zimmerman

 North American Friends of ARIT Contributions 2008-2009

Sustaining Donors Walter Stomps National Endowment for Gary Beckman Letitia W. Ufford the Humanities Linda Darling Lee and Heidi Ullmann ENDOWMENT Erika Gilson Patty Jo Watson CHALLENGE Ralph H. Redford Mary B. Williams Calvert Watkins Sponsoring Donor Members Kenneth W. Harl Contributing Donors Engin A. Akarli Mehmet-Ali Ataç Sustaining Donor Arthur A. Bardos Colorcon H. Craig Melchert Ülkü Ü. Bates Sandra Danforth Robert D. Biggs Robert Dankoff Contributing Donors Carolyn L. Connor H. Kirk Dansereau Barbara Porter Maria Dej Ellis John H. Forsyth Maria and Richard Ellis Amb. and Mrs Robert P. Finn Jeanine Hanson Barbara L. Gentile Donors Mr. and Mrs. George S. Harris William J. Griswold Ülkü Ü. Bates Mary B. Hollinshead George E. Gurvin Shirley Jackewicz Naomi Miller Jane Hathaway Edib Kirdar Charles Perry Liane Houghtalin Professor R.E. Krahenbuhl Karen M. Kern Carol DeBoer-Langworthy Issac J. Levy Christopher S. Lightfoot Naomi Miller Kathleen Lynch Theresa Maciejewski Janet Jones and Ben Marsh TO MAKE A David C. Montgomery H. Craig Melchert CONTRIBUTION, Charles Perry James Morganstern PLEASE USE THE FORM Curtis Runnels Susanne D. Newberry ON THE BACK PAGE OF Rudy Ray Seward Sylvia Önder THIS NEWSLETTER Ali G. Surek Daniel Pullen Merlin L. Swartz Christopher H. Roosevelt Alice-Mary Talbot Irene and Joe Syliowicz Dianna B. Ünver Sally L. Taylor Frederick Van Doorninck, Jr. Mark Wilson Badri and Speros Vryonis IF YOU WOULD LIKE Joel Walker TO RECEIVE THE Donors ARIT NEWSLETTER Esra Akcan TONI M. CROSS FUND AND OTHER Ann H. Allison COMMUNICATIONS Timothy O. Baldwin Contributing Donors FROM ARIT BY E- George F. Bass Amb. and Mrs. Robert P. Finn MAIL, PLEASE SEND Palmira Brummett Kenneth H. Harl YOUR CONTACT Mehmet Çetin INFORMATION TO THE Lucinda D. Conger Donors ARIT OFFICE, Paul Edson? Arthur A. Bardos [email protected] Senih M. Fikrig George E. Gurvin Tom Krawick Christopher S. Lightfoot Verna M. Ness Ali G. Surek Sally and Jamil Ragep Joel Walker

 Report on ARIT Fellowship to Professor John Haldon, director of the Avkat Project, Dr. Nicolas Trépanier, National Endowment for and it will be put in relation with cadastral surveys (Tapu the Humanities Fellow, 2008-2009, History De- Tahrir Defterleri) of the region to identify the relevant partment, Harvard University, Land Use in the contents. Avkat Region, 1250-1600 Beyond a contribution to the Avkat Project, this re- During the 2008-2009 academic year, ARIT-NEH search will also serve as the core dataset for a personal generously provided me with a postdoctoral fellowship research and publication project. I intend to sift through for a project entitled “Land Use in the Çorum Region, the databases in order to find the core examples (villages, 1250-1600.” Although intended for a six-month tenure, people and/or families) that will serve as the basis for a this grant was able to support my research throughout the micro-historical study of the pre- and early Ottoman his- entire year, during which I collected place and individual tory of the Çorum region. This project will constitute the names, as well as complementary information, from en- follow-up to my dissertation book, and is the main item dowment deeds (vakfiyes). on my research agenda once the latter is published. The first step in my research project consisted in vis- During the course of the 2008-2009 academic year I iting the National Directorate of Endowments (Vakıflar had the opportunity to present a number of papers while Genel Müdürlüğü) in Ankara, the central depository in Turkey. Most important among these were two lec- of vakfiyes in Turkey, in order to collect the relevant tures given in October, 2008: “Belly, Soul and Neigh- documents. I obtained approximately twenty vakfiyes bors: Food and Religious Identity in Late Medieval from the province of Çorum (ranging from 670/1272 to Anatolia,” presented at ARIT-Istanbul in October, and 1057/1647). Unlike vakfiyes from later periods, written “Food and the Experience of Late Medieval Anatolia”, in Turkish, most of these documents use the Arabic lan- presented at Istanbul’s Orient Institut. I also completed guage. an article entitled “Starting Without Food: Fasting and The next step was to set up the databases for the place the Early Mevlevî Order,” which is currently under re- names and the individual’s names appearing in these view for publication for a special issue of the Princeton documents. These databases were crucial to my work, Papers in Near Eastern Studies. since they included possible alternative spellings, the I wish to take this opportunity to express my grati- role of the person or place in the document (e.g. endowed tude to ARIT and the NEH for supporting my research. village, location of a supported hospice, legal witness, A formal affiliation with ARIT and the many months I appointee, etc.), geographical or familial links between spent residing in ARIT-Istanbul’s hostel created wonder- recorded items, and a number of other details for par- ful opportunities for me to establish and nurture profes- ticular cases, such as references to the profession of an sional contacts and friendships with a large number of individual or unique geographical features. The database colleagues, all of which are a testament to the central of people now contains nearly five hundred entries and place that ARIT, as an institution, holds in the field of the number of place references stands over six hundred Ottoman history. and fifty. Although these numbers include duplicates, such entries are extremely useful insofar as they multiply Number 47, Spring 2009 the number of links it is possible to establish between Published for the Alumni and Friends of the Institute the various entries, making it easier to locate a place or Andrew Goldman, Editor reconstruct an individual’s family or social network. Nancy Leinwand, Assistant The primary objective of my research was to con- American Research Institute in Turkey tribute to the Avkat Project, a large-scale archaeological University of Pennsylvania Museum survey studying the region of the antique Euchaita from 3260 South Street Roman to Ottoman times. Although the name “Avkat” Philadelphia PA 19104-6324 itself does not appear among the places mentioned in the documents I surveyed, the large number of entries in my (215) 898-3474 database, coupled with the fairly limited geographical fax (215) 898-0657 area covered (the province of Çorum), makes it relatively [email protected] likely that neighboring places will eventually be identi- http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ARIT fied. I have handed over the database of place names 

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