DOCSLIB.ORG

Ancient Hellenistic and Roman Amphitheatres, Stadiums, and Theatres the Way They Look Now

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ancient Hellenistic and Roman Amphitheatres, Stadiums, and Theatres the Way They Look Now ANCIENT HELLENISTIC AND ROMAN AMPHITHEATRES, STADIUMS, AND THEATRES THE WAY THEY LOOK NOW RAYMOND G. CHASE PETER E. RANDALL PUBLISHER PORTSMOUTH, NEW HAMPSHIRE 2002 Contents Foreword vii Cibyra 66 Pmara 68 Introduction 1 Sidyma 69 Xanthus 70 Turkey 2 Letoon 71 Istanbul 4 Patara 73 Perinthus Heracleia 5 Ka§ (Antiphellus) 74 Apollonia 75 Alexandria Troas 7 Simena 76 Assos 8 Nisa 77 Pergamum 10 • Cyanae 78 Aigai, C^andarli, Myrina, Myra 79 and Cyme (Kyme) 14 Limyra 80 Cyzikus (From Bergama to Erdek or Bursa) . 18 Arycanda 81 Apollonia 20 Rhodiapolis 82 Iznik (Nicaea) 21 Idebessos and Corydalla 83 Prusias ad Hypsium 22 Gagae, Olympos, Phaselis 84 Amasra and Tieum (Hisaronii) 23 Termessos 85 Ankara (Ancyra) 24 Perge 87 Pessinus and Amorium 25 Sillyum (or Sillyon) 89 Aizanoi (Aezani) 26 Aspendos 91 Akmonia/Trianopolis and Selgik/Sebaste ... 27 Selge 93 Ala§ehir (Philadelphia) and Sardis 28 Side and Seleucia in Pamphylia 95 Izmir (Smyrna) 28 Laertes 96 Clazomenae and Erythrae 29 Selinus (Gazipa§a) 97 Teos 30 Anemurium 98 Notium 31 Aphrodisias and Seleucia ad Calycadnum Ephesus 32 (Silifke) 99 Priene via Panionium 34 Uzuncabur^ (Olba/Diocaesarea) and Ura . 100 Miletus and Didyma 36 Aya§ (Elaeusa/Sebaste) 101 Amyzon 38 Pompeiopolis and Tarsus 102 Alinda 40 Anazarbus 103 Alabanda 41 Castabala 105 Stratoniceia and Milas 42 Misis (Mopsuestia) 106 Euromos 44 Aigaei/Ayas (Yumurtalik) and Epiphania ... 107 Heracleia ad Latmos 45 Antioch to Malatya 108 Iasos 46 Zeugma 108 Theangela and Bodrum 47 Malatya to Konya 108 Bargylia 48 Konya to Egirdir: Fasillar and Psidian Cedreae 50 Antiochus 109 Amos and Bybassus (Kastabos) 51 Adada and Bayat 110 Cnidus 52 Sagalassos Ill Caunus 54 Cremna 113 Cadyanda 56 Melli (or Milyas) 114 Fethiye (Telmessus) 58 Ariassos (and the Via Seseute) 115 Lydae 59 Isparta to Denizli/Pamukkale 116 Oenoanda 60 Hierapolis (Pamukkale) 117 Tlos 62 Aphrodisias 118 Balbura 64 Laodiceia 119 Bubon 65 Tripolis 121 Nyssa 123 Abila 185 Magnesia ad Maeandrum 125 Pella 186 TURKEY SUPPLEMENT, Spring 1999 126 Petra 187 Prusias ad Hypsium 127 Sabra 188 Amasra 129 Israel 189 Komana Pontica 130 Aphek and Ramat Hanadiv 190 Sebastopolis (Sulusaray) 131 Caesarea 191 Komana Cappadocia via Zile 132 Dor and Sephoris (Zippori) 193 Komana (Comana) Cappadocia 133 Tiberias and Hammat Gader 194 Zeugma 135 Bet Shean (Scythopolis) 195 Antioch (Antakya), Epiphania, Castabala, Bet Guvrin 197 Anazarbus 136 Elusa and Ashqelon 198 Tapureli 137 Isaura 138 Lebanon 199 Etenna 139 Baalbek 200 Cremna 140 Beirut 201 Psidian Antiochus 141 Tyre 202 The Sanctuary of Men 142 Sidon and Echmoun 203 Sagalassos 143 Byblos 204 Blaundos 144 Batroun 205 Akmonia 145 Pessinus 146 Egypt 206 Gagae and Telmessos (Fethiye) 147 Alexandria 207 Oxyrhynchus 208 TURKEY SUPPLEMENT, Autumn 1999 148 Pelusium 209 Metropolis 148 Magnesia ad Maeandrum 150 Libya 210 Colophon 151 Tripolis 210 Notium, Miletus, Didyma, Nyssa 152 Sabratha 211 Antiocheia ad Maeandrum 153 Leptis Magna 213 Colossae 154 Tocra and Ptolemais 214 Cibyra 155 Cyrene 216 Bubon (Re-Revisited) 156 Apollonia 219 Aya§ and Antioch 157 A1 Bayda/El Beida (Balagrae) 220 Perge and Sillyon 158 Zile (Zela) 159 Tunisia 221 Epiphania, Komana Cappadocia, Sebastopolis 160 Psidian Antiochus and Sagalassos 161 Dinar (Kelenai/ Apameia) 162 Hierapolis and Laodiceia 163 Thuburnica . 227 Tripolis and Philadelphia (Alasehir) 164 Sardis 165 Dougga 229 Cyme (Kyme) and Phocaea (Focja) . 167 Ain Tounga (Thignica) 231 Toukabeur (Thuccabor), Chaouach (Sua), Syria 168 Sidi Medien (Vallis) 232 Dara'a 169 Fetisse (Avitta Bibba), Bou Arada (Aradi), Bosra 170 Sidi Bou Arkoub (Thimisua) 233 Suweida and Qanawat 171 Oum el Abouab (Seressi) 234 Shahba (Philippopolis) 172 Ksar Lemsa (Limisa) 235 Palmyra (Tadmor) 173 Aggar 236 Dura-Europos and Aleppo 174 Medeina (Althiburos) 237 Cyrrhus 175 Zannfour (Assuras) 238 To Latakia 176 Makthar (Mactaris) 239 Jableh and Amrit 176 Sbiba (Sufes) and Sbeitla (Sufetula) 240 Apamea 177 Haidra (Ammaedara) 241 Jordan 178 Kasserine (Cillium) 242 Thelepte (Thamesida) 243 Amman (Philadelphia) 179 Acholla 244 Jerash (Gerasa) 180 El Djem (Thysdrus) 245 Um Qais (Gadara) 183 x Leptis Minor 247 Bilbilis 304 Jeradou (Djeradou) and Sidi Rais (Carpis) . .. 249 Zaragoza (Caesaraugusta) 305 Thuburbo Maius 250 Tarragona (Tarraco) 306 Oudna (Uthina) 251 Velilla de Ebro and Lay ana (Los Banales/ TUNISIA SUPPLEMENT, SPRING 2001 253 Clarina) 308 Thibaris 253 Calahorra (Calagurris Nassica Iulia) 309 Utica 254 Uxama, Clunia, Toletum (Toledo) 310 Bulla Regia 255 Caparra 311 Simitthu (Chemtou) 256 Medellin, Casas la Reina, Italica 312 Sicca Veneria (Le Kef) and Uchi Maius 257 Carmona 313 Agbia 258 Baelo (aka Belo and Bolonia) 314 Thimisua (Sidi Bou Arkoub, or Argoub) 259 Carteia and Carratraca 315 From Thimisua to Thenae via Jerba 260 Cartagena 316 Bararus (Rougga) 261 Pallentia (Alcudia-Mallorca) 317 Thapsus (Ras Dimass) 262 Sagunto, Ojos Negros, Valeria, Segobriga .... 318 Ulisippira/Ulissipira (Henchir Zembra) 263 Ercavica and Clunia 319 Pheradi Maius (Sidi Khalifa) 264 Upenna (Enfida), Pupput (Hammamet), Portugal 320 Jeradou, Carpis (Sidi Rais), Jebel Moraba 265 Idanha-a-Velha and Bobadela 321 Conimbriga 322 Algeria 266 Lisboa, Evora, Santiago do Cacem 323 Tebessa (Theveste) 268 Madauros 269 France 324 Khemissa or Khamissa (Thubursicu r~~~" f I Paris/Lutece (Lutetia Numidarium) 270 Guelma (Calama) 271 Les Andelys and Lillebonne Thibilis and Tigisis 272 Annaba (Hippo Regius) 273 Jublains (Noviodunum) and Skikda (Rusicade) 274 Aubigne-Racan 328 Tipasa 275 Cheneviere/Montbouy (Carantomagus) Cherchell (Iol Caesarea) 277 and Bourges (Avaricum) 329 Djemilla (Cuicul) 278 Drevant (Derventum) and Neris-les-Bains Tazoult-Labese (Lambaesis) 279 (Neriomagus) 330 Timgad (Thamugadi) 280 Argenton-sur-Creuse (Argentomagus) 331 Batna to Biskra to Touggourt to Tunisia for Vieux Poitiers 332 Zana (Diana Vetenorum), Tobna Poitiers (Limonum Pictotum) 333 (Thubunae), Thouda (Thabudeos), Sanxay 334 M'Lilli (Gemellae), and The Sahara 281 Saintes (Mediolanum Santonum) 335 Les Bouchards 336 Morocco 283 Chassenon (Cassinomagus), Limoges Lixus 284 (Augustoritum Lemovicum), Perigueux (Vesuna Petrucorriorum) 337 Spain 286 Agen (Aginnum) and Bordeaux Ampurias (Emporion) 285 (Burdigala) 338 Cardona and Velilla de Ebro 287 St. Bertrand-de-Comminges (Lugdunum) Calahorra (Calagurris) 288 and Toulouse (Tolosa) 339 Clunia 289 Toulouse to Nimes 340 Tiermes, Arcobriga, Bilbilis 291 Aries 341 Segobriga •. 292 Glanum and Massalia (Marseilles) 342 Toledo (Toletum) and Escalona . : 293 Frejus (Forum Iulii) 343 Caparra and Merida 294 Nice-Cimiez (Cenemelenum) 344 Barcarrota and Medellin 295 Orange (Arausio) 345 Zalamea de la Serena and Casas la Reina .... 296 Vaison-la-Romaine and Alba 346 Sevilla and Italica 297 Vienne (Vienna) 347 Carmona, Arva, Osuna 298 Lyon (Lugdunum) 348 Ronda la Vieja and Baelo 299 Villards-d'Heria and Autun Malaga 300 (Augustodunum) 349 Cartagena 301 Alesia 350 Tarragona 302 Besangon (Vesontio) 351 SPAIN SUPPLEMENT, 1999 303 Mandeure (Epomanduodorum) 352 Introduction and Arcobriga 303 Grand 353 xi Champlieu 354 Minturnae and Sessa Aurunca 409 Senlis (Augustomagus Sylvanectum) 355 Cassino 410 FRENCH CODA 2000 356 Aquinum 411 Venteuil-Caply 357 Venafro 412 Genainville 358 Teano 413 Brettville-St. Laurent, Valognes, Vieux Cales 414 (and Rouen and Bayeux) 359 Capua and Telese 415 Oisseau-le-Petit and Locmariaquer 360 Saepinum and Benevento 416 Mauves and Gennes 361 Liturnum and Cumae 417 Bouzy-le-Foret, Bonnee, Argenton-sur-Creuse 362 Baia, Bacoli, Misenum 418 Saint Goussaud 363 Pozzuoli 419 Chassenon (Cassinomagus) 364 Nola and Sarno 421 Arenes (Thenac) 365 Pompeii 422 Cahors (Divona) 366 Herculaneum 423 St. Bertrand-de-Comminges (Lugdunum) . 367 Paestum 425 Rodez (Segodunum) 368 Velia and Teggiano 426 Javols (Anderitum) 369 Grumentum 427 Vienne (Vienna) 370 Tyndaris 428 Moingt 371 Termine Imarese and Soluntum 429 Bardiaux 372 Ietum (Jetae/Iaitas) and Segesta 430 Chateaubleu 373 Eracleia Minoa and Agrigento 431 Morgantina and Eloro 432 Great Britain 374 Akrai 433 Silcester (Calleva Atrebatum) 375 Siracusa 434 Dorchester (Durnovaria) 376 Catania 435 Cirencester (Corinium Dobonnorum) 377 Taormina 436 Caerleon (Isca Silurum) 378 Locri and Marina di Gioiosa Ionica 437 Carmarthen (Moridunum Demetarum) 379 Scolacium 438 Chester (Deva) 380 Sibaris and Metapontum 439 St. Albans (Verulamium) and London (Londinium) Lecce 440 381 Rudiae 441 Colchester (Colonia Camulodunum) 382 Egnazia and Venosa 442 Colchester (Gosbeck's Farm) and Canosa di Puglia and Herdoniae 443 Caistor St. Edmund (Venta Icenorum) . 383 Lucera 444 Chichester (Noviomagus Reginorum) 384 Larino and Vasto 445 Canterbury (Durovernum Cantiacorum) .... 385 Pietrabbondante and Iuvanum 446 Richborough (Rupupiae) 386 Chieti 447 Caistor St. Edmund (Venta Icenorum) 387 Peltuinum 448 Charterhouse 388 Alba Fucens 449 Amiternum 450 Germany 389 Teramo 451 Xanten/Birten (Vetera) 390 Ascoli Piceno and Faleria 452 Trier (Augusta Treverorum) 391 Urbs Salvia 453 Helvia Recina 455 Switzerland . 392 Ancona 456 Augst (Augusta Raurica) 393 Ostra Antica, Suasa, Rimini 457 Avenches (Aventicum) ' 394 Aquileia and Trieste 458 Martigny (Octodurum) 395 Padua and Montegrotto Terme 459 Lenzburg and Windisch (Vindonissa) 396 Verona 460 Tiefenau (Berne) 397 Brescia 461 Italy 398 Velleia and Piacenza (and Milano . .) 462 Ivrea (Eporedia) 463 Aosta 464 Turin and Susa 465 Pollentia (Pollenzo) and Augusta Bagiennorum (Bene Vagienna) 466 Ventimiglia (Albintimilium) 467 Frosinone (Frusino) and Albenga (Alba Ingaunum) 468 Ferentino (Ferentinum)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Seven Churches of Revelation Turkey
    TRAVEL GUIDE SEVEN CHURCHES OF REVELATION TURKEY TURKEY Pergamum Lesbos Thyatira Sardis Izmir Chios Smyrna Philadelphia Samos Ephesus Laodicea Aegean Sea Patmos ASIA Kos 1 Rhodes ARCHEOLOGICAL MAP OF WESTERN TURKEY BULGARIA Sinanköy Manya Mt. NORTH EDİRNE KIRKLARELİ Selimiye Fatih Iron Foundry Mosque UNESCO B L A C K S E A MACEDONIA Yeni Saray Kırklareli Höyük İSTANBUL Herakleia Skotoussa (Byzantium) Krenides Linos (Constantinople) Sirra Philippi Beikos Palatianon Berge Karaevlialtı Menekşe Çatağı Prusias Tauriana Filippoi THRACE Bathonea Küçükyalı Ad hypium Morylos Dikaia Heraion teikhos Achaeology Edessa Neapolis park KOCAELİ Tragilos Antisara Abdera Perinthos Basilica UNESCO Maroneia TEKİRDAĞ (İZMİT) DÜZCE Europos Kavala Doriskos Nicomedia Pella Amphipolis Stryme Işıklar Mt. ALBANIA Allante Lete Bormiskos Thessalonica Argilos THE SEA OF MARMARA SAKARYA MACEDONIANaoussa Apollonia Thassos Ainos (ADAPAZARI) UNESCO Thermes Aegae YALOVA Ceramic Furnaces Selectum Chalastra Strepsa Berea Iznik Lake Nicea Methone Cyzicus Vergina Petralona Samothrace Parion Roman theater Acanthos Zeytinli Ada Apamela Aisa Ouranopolis Hisardere Dasaki Elimia Pydna Barçın Höyük BTHYNIA Galepsos Yenibademli Höyük BURSA UNESCO Antigonia Thyssus Apollonia (Prusa) ÇANAKKALE Manyas Zeytinlik Höyük Arisbe Lake Ulubat Phylace Dion Akrothooi Lake Sane Parthenopolis GÖKCEADA Aktopraklık O.Gazi Külliyesi BİLECİK Asprokampos Kremaste Daskyleion UNESCO Höyük Pythion Neopolis Astyra Sundiken Mts. Herakleum Paşalar Sarhöyük Mount Athos Achmilleion Troy Pessinus Potamia Mt.Olympos
    [Show full text]
  • (Colophon, Claros, Notion) Et Les Séleucides*
    LE PAYS DE COLOPHON (COLOPHON, CLAROS, NOTION) ET LES SÉLEUCIDES* PIERRE DEBORD** Résumé. – Plusieurs documents inédits viennent augmenter le dossier de la présence séleucide à Colophon. Ils fournissent le prétexte à un réexamen global du sujet. Abstract. – Several unpublished documents come to increase the file of the Seleucid presence in Colophon. They afford the opportunity for a global re-examination of this topic. Mots-clés. – Épigraphie grecque, Claros, époque hellénistique, Séleucides. * Je remercie Alain Bresson pour sa relecture critique d’une première version de cet article, Laurent Capdetrey et Patrice Hamon pour leurs observations pertinentes. Le cliché de la figure 1 est de N. Şahin et ceux des figures 2 à 4 sont dû à A. Salomon. ** Université Bordeaux 3, [email protected] REA, T. 115, 2013, n°1, p. 5 à 27 6 PIERRE DEBORD C’est aux origines mêmes de la dynastie séleucide qu’il convient de placer leurs premiers rapports avec l’Ionie si du moins on accorde quelque crédit à la tradition selon laquelle l’oracle de Didymes avait prédit son destin royal (et sa fin) à Séleucos alors qu’il n’était encore qu’un obscur officier de l’armée d’Alexandre 1. En tout cas, les bienfait qui sont prodigués très tôt au Didymeion démontrent toute l’attention portée par Séleucos Ier au sanctuaire et à la cité de Milet 2 avant même la concrétisation de son ascendant sur la région qui a lieu lorsque il prend le contrôle de l’Asie Mineure occidentale en 281 après la victoire de Kouroupédion 3. On peut aisément constater qu’il y a une dissymétrie complète, en l’état de notre information, entre les deux sanctuaires apolliniens.
    [Show full text]
  • Abd-Hadad, Priest-King, Abila, , , , Abydos, , Actium, Battle
    INDEX Abd-Hadad, priest-king, Akkaron/Ekron, , Abila, , , , Akko, Ake, , , , Abydos, , see also Ptolemaic-Ake Actium, battle, , Alexander III the Great, Macedonian Adaios, ruler of Kypsela, king, –, , , Adakhalamani, Nubian king, and Syria, –, –, , , , Adulis, , –, Aegean Sea, , , , , , –, and Egypt, , , –, , –, – empire of, , , , , , –, legacy of, – –, –, , , death, burial, – Aemilius Paullus, L., cult of, , , Aeropos, Ptolemaic commander, Alexander IV, , , Alexander I Balas, Seleukid king, Afrin, river, , , –, – Agathokleia, mistress of Ptolemy IV, and eastern policy, , and Demetrios II, Agathokles of Syracuse, , –, and Seventh Syrian War, –, , , Agathokles, son of Lysimachos, – death, , , , Alexander II Zabeinas, , , Agathokles, adviser of Ptolemy IV, –, , , –, Alexander Iannai, Judaean king, Aigai, Macedon, , – Ainos, Thrace, , , , Alexander, son of Krateros, , Aitolian League, Aitolians, , , Alexander, satrap of Persis, , , –, , , – Alexandria-by-Egypt, , , , , , , , , , , , , Aitos, son of Apollonios, , , –, , , Akhaian League, , , , , , , –, , , , , , , , , , , , , , Akhaios, son of Seleukos I, , , –, –, , – , , , , , , –, , , , Akhaios, son of Andromachos, , and Sixth Syrian War, –, adviser of Antiochos III, , – Alexandreia Troas, , conquers Asia Minor, – Alexandros, son of Andromachos, king, –, , , –, , , –, , , Alketas, , , Amanus, mountains, , –, index Amathos, Cyprus, and battle of Andros, , , Amathos, transjordan, , Amestris, wife of Lysimachos, , death, Ammonias, Egypt,
    [Show full text]
  • CILICIA: the FIRST CHRISTIAN CHURCHES in ANATOLIA1 Mark Wilson
    CILICIA: THE FIRST CHRISTIAN CHURCHES IN ANATOLIA1 Mark Wilson Summary This article explores the origin of the Christian church in Anatolia. While individual believers undoubtedly entered Anatolia during the 30s after the day of Pentecost (Acts 2:9–10), the book of Acts suggests that it was not until the following decade that the first church was organized. For it was at Antioch, the capital of the Roman province of Syria, that the first Christians appeared (Acts 11:20–26). Yet two obscure references in Acts point to the organization of churches in Cilicia at an earlier date. Among the addressees of the letter drafted by the Jerusalem council were the churches in Cilicia (Acts 15:23). Later Paul visited these same churches at the beginning of his second ministry journey (Acts 15:41). Paul’s relationship to these churches points to this apostle as their founder. Since his home was the Cilician city of Tarsus, to which he returned after his conversion (Gal. 1:21; Acts 9:30), Paul was apparently active in church planting during his so-called ‘silent years’. The core of these churches undoubtedly consisted of Diaspora Jews who, like Paul’s family, lived in the region. Jews from Cilicia were members of a Synagogue of the Freedmen in Jerusalem, to which Paul was associated during his time in Jerusalem (Acts 6:9). Antiochus IV (175–164 BC) hellenized and urbanized Cilicia during his reign; the Romans around 39 BC added Cilicia Pedias to the province of Syria. Four cities along with Tarsus, located along or near the Pilgrim Road that transects Anatolia, constitute the most likely sites for the Cilician churches.
    [Show full text]
  • Hadrian and the Greek East
    HADRIAN AND THE GREEK EAST: IMPERIAL POLICY AND COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Demetrios Kritsotakis, B.A, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Fritz Graf, Adviser Professor Tom Hawkins ____________________________ Professor Anthony Kaldellis Adviser Greek and Latin Graduate Program Copyright by Demetrios Kritsotakis 2008 ABSTRACT The Roman Emperor Hadrian pursued a policy of unification of the vast Empire. After his accession, he abandoned the expansionist policy of his predecessor Trajan and focused on securing the frontiers of the empire and on maintaining its stability. Of the utmost importance was the further integration and participation in his program of the peoples of the Greek East, especially of the Greek mainland and Asia Minor. Hadrian now invited them to become active members of the empire. By his lengthy travels and benefactions to the people of the region and by the creation of the Panhellenion, Hadrian attempted to create a second center of the Empire. Rome, in the West, was the first center; now a second one, in the East, would draw together the Greek people on both sides of the Aegean Sea. Thus he could accelerate the unification of the empire by focusing on its two most important elements, Romans and Greeks. Hadrian channeled his intentions in a number of ways, including the use of specific iconographical types on the coinage of his reign and religious language and themes in his interactions with the Greeks. In both cases it becomes evident that the Greeks not only understood his messages, but they also reacted in a positive way.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Contact at the Romance-Germanic Language Border
    Language Contact at the Romance–Germanic Language Border Other Books of Interest from Multilingual Matters Beyond Bilingualism: Multilingualism and Multilingual Education Jasone Cenoz and Fred Genesee (eds) Beyond Boundaries: Language and Identity in Contemporary Europe Paul Gubbins and Mike Holt (eds) Bilingualism: Beyond Basic Principles Jean-Marc Dewaele, Alex Housen and Li wei (eds) Can Threatened Languages be Saved? Joshua Fishman (ed.) Chtimi: The Urban Vernaculars of Northern France Timothy Pooley Community and Communication Sue Wright A Dynamic Model of Multilingualism Philip Herdina and Ulrike Jessner Encyclopedia of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism Colin Baker and Sylvia Prys Jones Identity, Insecurity and Image: France and Language Dennis Ager Language, Culture and Communication in Contemporary Europe Charlotte Hoffman (ed.) Language and Society in a Changing Italy Arturo Tosi Language Planning in Malawi, Mozambique and the Philippines Robert B. Kaplan and Richard B. Baldauf, Jr. (eds) Language Planning in Nepal, Taiwan and Sweden Richard B. Baldauf, Jr. and Robert B. Kaplan (eds) Language Planning: From Practice to Theory Robert B. Kaplan and Richard B. Baldauf, Jr. (eds) Language Reclamation Hubisi Nwenmely Linguistic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe Christina Bratt Paulston and Donald Peckham (eds) Motivation in Language Planning and Language Policy Dennis Ager Multilingualism in Spain M. Teresa Turell (ed.) The Other Languages of Europe Guus Extra and Durk Gorter (eds) A Reader in French Sociolinguistics Malcolm Offord (ed.) Please contact us for the latest book information: Multilingual Matters, Frankfurt Lodge, Clevedon Hall, Victoria Road, Clevedon, BS21 7HH, England http://www.multilingual-matters.com Language Contact at the Romance–Germanic Language Border Edited by Jeanine Treffers-Daller and Roland Willemyns MULTILINGUAL MATTERS LTD Clevedon • Buffalo • Toronto • Sydney Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Language Contact at Romance-Germanic Language Border/Edited by Jeanine Treffers-Daller and Roland Willemyns.
    [Show full text]
  • Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
    Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Fragments of Mural Paintings from the Roman Province Of
    Study of fragments of mural paintings from the Roman province of Germania Superior Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree Doctor rer. nat. of the Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany by Rafaela Debastiani Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany 2016 Name of Dean: Prof. Dr. Tim Freytag Name of Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Michael Fiederle Name of 2nd Reviewer: PD Dr. Andreas Danilewsky Date of thesis' defense: 03.02.2017 “The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be kindled” Plutarch Contents Nomenclature ........................................................................................................................ 1 Acknowledgment ................................................................................................................... 3 Abstract ................................................................................................................................. 5 Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................................ 7 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 9 2. Analytical techniques in the non-destructive analyses of fragments of mural paintings ..13 2.1 X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy ..........................................................................13 2.1.1 Synchrotron-based scanning macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) .................17
    [Show full text]
  • Civic Responses to the Rise and Fall of Sol Elagabal in the Roman Empire
    EMPIRE OF THE SUN? CIVIC RESPONSES TO THE RISE AND FALL OF SOL ELAGABAL IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE Martijn Icks During its long and turbulent history, the city of Rome witnessed many changes in its religious institutions and traditions. For many centuries, these came to pass under the benevolent eye of Iupiter Optimus Maximus, the city‟s supreme deity since time immemorial. Not until the fourth century AD would Iupiter finally loose this position to the monotheistic, omnipotent God of Christianity. However, the power of the thunder god had been challenged before. The first deity who temporarily conquered his throne was Sol Invictus Elagabal, a local sun god from the Syrian town of Emesa. This unlikely usurper was the personal god of the emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, whose short-lived reign lasted from 218 to 222 AD, and who has been nicknamed Elagabalus for his affiliation with Elagabal. Even before his rise to power, Elagabalus served as Elagabal‟s high priest. The deity was worshipped in the form of a conical black stone, a so-called baitylos or “house of god”, which resided in a big temple in Emesa. Elagabalus, at that time a fourteen-year-old boy, performed ritual dances in honour of his god. By doing so, he drew the attention of Roman soldiers who were stationed near the town. They proclaimed the boy emperor under the false pretense that he was a bastard son of emperor Caracalla (211-217 AD). Elagabalus won sufficient military support, defeated the reigning emperor and thus gained the throne. He installed himself in Rome and took his god with him.
    [Show full text]
  • Plinius Senior Naturalis Historia Liber V
    PLINIUS SENIOR NATURALIS HISTORIA LIBER V 1 Africam Graeci Libyam appellavere et mare ante eam Libycum; Aegyptio finitur, nec alia pars terrarum pauciores recipit sinus, longe ab occidente litorum obliquo spatio. populorum eius oppidorumque nomina vel maxime sunt ineffabilia praeterquam ipsorum linguis, et alias castella ferme inhabitant. 2 Principio terrarum Mauretaniae appellantur, usque ad C. Caesarem Germanici filium regna, saevitia eius in duas divisae provincias. promunturium oceani extumum Ampelusia nominatur a Graecis. oppida fuere Lissa et Cottae ultra columnas Herculis, nunc est Tingi, quondam ab Antaeo conditum, postea a Claudio Caesare, cum coloniam faceret, appellatum Traducta Iulia. abest a Baelone oppido Baeticae proximo traiectu XXX. ab eo XXV in ora oceani colonia Augusti Iulia Constantia Zulil, regum dicioni exempta et iura in Baeticam petere iussa. ab ea XXXV colonia a Claudio Caesare facta Lixos, vel fabulosissime antiquis narrata: 3 ibi regia Antaei certamenque cum Hercule et Hesperidum horti. adfunditur autem aestuarium e mari flexuoso meatu, in quo dracones custodiae instar fuisse nunc interpretantur. amplectitur intra se insulam, quam solam e vicino tractu aliquanto excelsiore non tamen aestus maris inundant. exstat in ea et ara Herculis nec praeter oleastros aliud ex narrato illo aurifero nemore. 4 minus profecto mirentur portentosa Graeciae mendacia de his et amne Lixo prodita qui cogitent nostros nuperque paulo minus monstrifica quaedam de iisdem tradidisse, praevalidam hanc urbem maioremque Magna Carthagine, praeterea ex adverso eius sitam et prope inmenso tractu ab Tingi, quaeque alia Cornelius Nepos avidissime credidit. 5 ab Lixo XL in mediterraneo altera Augusta colonia est Babba, Iulia Campestris appellata, et tertia Banasa LXXV p., Valentia cognominata.
    [Show full text]
  • ROUTES and COMMUNICATIONS in LATE ROMAN and BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (Ca
    ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY TÜLİN KAYA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SETTLEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY JULY 2020 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Yaşar KONDAKÇI Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Prof. Dr. D. Burcu ERCİYAS Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Suna GÜVEN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ufuk SERİN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşe F. EROL (Hacı Bayram Veli Uni., Arkeoloji) Assist. Prof. Dr. Emine SÖKMEN (Hitit Uni., Arkeoloji) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Tülin Kaya Signature : iii ABSTRACT ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) Kaya, Tülin Ph.D., Department of Settlement Archaeology Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Ptolemaic Foundations in Asia Minor and the Aegean As the Lagids’ Political Tool
    ELECTRUM * Vol. 20 (2013): 57–76 doi: 10.4467/20800909EL.13.004.1433 PTOLEMAIC FOUNDATIONS IN ASIA MINOR AND THE AEGEAN AS THE LAGIDS’ POLITICAL TOOL Tomasz Grabowski Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków Abstract: The Ptolemaic colonisation in Asia Minor and the Aegean region was a signifi cant tool which served the politics of the dynasty that actively participated in the fi ght for hegemony over the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea basin. In order to specify the role which the settlements founded by the Lagids played in their politics, it is of considerable importance to establish as precise dating of the foundations as possible. It seems legitimate to acknowledge that Ptolemy II possessed a well-thought-out plan, which, apart from the purely strategic aspects of founding new settlements, was also heavily charged with the propaganda issues which were connected with the cult of Arsinoe II. Key words: Ptolemies, foundations, Asia Minor, Aegean. Settlement of new cities was a signifi cant tool used by the Hellenistic kings to achieve various goals: political and economic. The process of colonisation was begun by Alex- ander the Great, who settled several cities which were named Alexandrias after him. The process was successfully continued by the diadochs, and subsequently by the follow- ing rulers of the monarchies which emerged after the demise of Alexander’s state. The new settlements were established not only by the representatives of the most powerful dynasties: the Seleucids, the Ptolemies and the Antigonids, but also by the rulers of the smaller states. The kings of Pergamum of the Attalid dynasty were considerably active in this fi eld, but the rulers of Bithynia, Pontus and Cappadocia were also successful in this process.1 Very few regions of the time remained beyond the colonisation activity of the Hellenistic kings.
    [Show full text]