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Front Matter.P65
Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files CONGO 1960–January 1963 INTERNAL AFFAIRS Decimal Numbers 755A, 770G, 855A, 870G, 955A, and 970G and FOREIGN AFFAIRS Decimal Numbers 655A, 670G, 611.55A, and 611.70G Project Coordinator Robert E. Lester Guide Compiled by Martin Schipper A UPA Collection from 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Congo, 1960–January 1963 [microform] : internal affairs and foreign affairs / [project coordinator, Robert E. Lester]. microfilm reels ; 35 mm. Accompanied by a printed guide, compiled by Martin Schipper, entitled: A guide to the microfilm edition of Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Congo, 1960–January 1963. “The documents reproduced in this publication are among the records of the U.S. Department of State in the custody of the National Archives of the United States.” ISBN 1-55655-809-0 1. Congo (Democratic Republic)—History—Civil War, 1960–1965—Sources. 2. Congo (Democratic Republic)—Politics and government—1960–1997—Sources. 3. Congo (Democratic Republic)—Foreign relations—1960–1997—Sources. 4. United States. Dept. of State—Archives. I. Title: Confidential US State Department central files. Congo, 1960–January 1963. II. Lester, Robert. III. Schipper, Martin Paul. IV. United States. Dept. of State. V. United States. National Archives and Records Administration. VI. University Publications of America (Firm) VII. Title: Guide to the microfilm edition of Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Congo, 1960–January 1963. DT658.22 967.5103’1—dc21 2001045336 CIP The documents reproduced in this publication are among the records of the U.S. -
Africa: National Secvrity Files, 1961-1963
THE JOHN F. KENNEDY NATIONAL SECURITY FILES AFRICA: NATIONAL SECVRITY FILES, 1961-1963 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS Of AMERICA A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of The John F. Kennedy National Security Files General Editor: George C. Herring AFRICA National Security Files. 1961-1963 Microfilmed from the holdings of The John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, Massachusetts Project Coordinator Robert E. Lester Guide compiled by Blair Hydrick A microfilm project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of CIS 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloglng-in-Publlcation Data The John F. Kennedy national security files. Africa [microform]. "Microfilmed from the holdings of the John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, Massachusetts; project coordinator, Robert E. Lester." Accompanied by printed reel guide compiled by Blair D. Hydrick. Includes index. 1. Africa-National security-Sources. 2. United States-National security-Sources. I. Lester, Robert. II. Hydrick, Blair. III. John F. Kennedy Library. IV. University Publications of America. [UA855] 355'.03306 88-119 ISBN 1 -55655-001 -4 (microfilm) CIP ISBN 1-55655-003-0 (guide) Copyright® 1993 by University Publications of America. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-003-0. TABLE OF CONTENTS General Introduction•The John F. Kennedy National Security Files: "Country Files," 1961-1963 v Introduction•The John F. Kennedy National Security Files: Africa, 1961-1963 ¡x Scope and Content Note xi Source Note xii Editorial Note xii Security Classifications xiii Key to Names xv Abbreviations List xxix Reel Index Reel 1 Africa 1 Reel 2 Africa cont 15 Algeria 25 Reel 3 Angola 33 Chad.. ; 41 Congo•General 43 Reel 4 Congo•General cont 50 Reel 5 Congo•General cont 73 Congo•Cables 84 Reel 6 Congo•Cables cont , 98 m Reel 7 Congo•Cables cont :..: 129 Dahomey 146 Ghana 151 ReelS Ghana cont 155 Reel 9 Ghana cont 184 Guinea '194 Reel 10 Guinea cont 208 Ivory Coast 214 Libya 221 Mali 221 Morocco.. -
Gender and Decolonization in the Congo
GENDER AND DECOLONIZATION IN THE CONGO 9780230615571_01_prexiv.indd i 6/11/2010 9:30:52 PM This page intentionally left blank GENDER AND DECOLONIZATION IN THE CONGO THE LEGACY OF PATRICE LUMUMBA Karen Bouwer 9780230615571_01_prexiv.indd iii 6/11/2010 9:30:52 PM GENDER AND DECOLONIZATION IN THE CONGO Copyright © Karen Bouwer, 2010. All rights reserved. First published in 2010 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978–0–230–61557–1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bouwer, Karen. Gender and decolonization in the Congo : the legacy of Patrice Lumumba / Karen Bouwer. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–0–230–61557–1 (hardback) 1. Lumumba, Patrice, 1925–1961—Political and social views. 2. Lumumba, Patrice, 1925–1961—Relations with women. 3. Lumumba, Patrice, 1925–1961—Influence. 4. Sex role—Congo (Democratic Republic)—History—20th century. 5. Women—Political activity— Congo (Democratic Republic)—History—20th century. 6. Decolonization—Congo (Democratic Republic)—History—20th century. 7. Congo (Democratic Republic)—Politics and government— 1960–1997. 8. Congo (Democratic Republic)—Social conditions—20th century. -
Bundu Dia Kongo
P a g e | I BUNDU DIA KONGO, UNE RESURGENCE DES MESSIANISMES ET DE L’ALLIANCE DES BAKONGO ? Godefroid Muzalia Kihangu --- Thèse présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de Docteur en Sciences Politiques --- Promoteur: Prof. Dr. Koen Vlassenroot Composition du Jury Prof. Dr. Arnaut Karel Prof. Dr. Jean Omasombo Tchonda Prof. Dr. Koen Vlassenroot Prof. Dr. Filip De Boeck Prof. Dr. Ruddy Doom Prof.Dr. Sami Zemni Année Universitaire 2010 – 2011, Universiteit Gent, België P a g e | II A ma compagne Aimée Mapendo, A Immaculée-Keren, Augustin et Bénédicte. P a g e | III REMERCIEMENTS Je voudrais, avant toute chose, exprimer ma profonde gratitude à tous ceux qui ont contribué à l’aboutissement heureux de ce projet de recherche. Mes remerciements s’adressent à la Coopération Technique Belge qui a financé ma formation depuis l’année universitaire 2003 - 2004. Ma profonde gratitude s’adresse également à l’Université de Gand, et plus particulièrement au Conflit Research Group et au Third World Studies Center qui, en plus du cadre scientifique qu’ils m’ont offert, ont financé les trois derniers mois de ma formation doctorale. Mention spéciale au Professeur Docteur Koen Vlassenroot, promoteur de cette thèse. C’était pour moi un très grand plaisir de travailler sous sa supervision. Ses remarques pertinentes et ses encouragements répétés m’ont permis de franchir une étape importante dans l’analyse des données de terrain. A travers lui, je tiens à remercier tous ceux qui ont lu l’un ou l’autre chapitre de mon manuscrit. Je pense aux professeurs Timothy Raeymaekers, Barnabé Mulyumba Wa Mamba, Germain Mulowayi Kayemba et Stanislas Bucyalimwe Mararo. -
1 the Congo Crisis, 1960-1961
The Congo Crisis, 1960-1961: A Critical Oral History Conference Organized by: The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars’ Cold War International History Project and Africa Program Sponsored by: The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars September 23-24, 2004 Opening of Conference – September 23, 2004 CHRISTIAN OSTERMANN: Ladies and gentlemen I think we’ll get started even though we’re still expecting a few colleagues who haven’t arrived yet, but I think we should get started because we have quite an agenda for this meeting. Welcome all of you to the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars; my name is Christian Ostermann. I direct one of the programs here at the Woodrow Wilson Center, the Cold War International History Project. The Center is the United States’ official memorial to President Woodrow Wilson and it celebrates, commemorates Woodrow Wilson through a living memorial, that is, we bring scholars from around the world, about 150 each year to the Wilson center to do research and to write. In addition to hosting fellowship programs, the Center hosts 450 meetings each year on a broad array of topics related to international affairs. One of these meetings is taking place today, and it is a very special meeting, as I will explain in a few moments. This meeting is co-sponsored by the Center’s Cold War International History project and 1 the Center’s Africa Program, directed by former Congressman Howard Wolpe. He’s in Burundi as we speak here, but some of his staff will be joining us during the course of the day. -
DRC: How the CIA Got Patrice Lumumba
DRC: How the CIA Got Patrice Lumumba By François Soudan Region: sub-Saharan Africa Global Research, January 19, 2021 Theme: History theafricareport 13 January 2021 On 17 January 1961, just sixty years ago, the first legally elected prime minister of the DRC was assassinated after being overthrown with help from Washington. A sinister episode that Larry Devlin, the ‘Mr. Congo’ of the CIA from 1960 to 1967, would reveal half a century later in his fascinating book, ‘Chief of Station, Congo: Fighting the Cold War in a Hot Zone.’ Leopoldville, on 30 June 1960. With the declaration of its independence, the DRC finally emerges from its long colonial history. A new bilateral system is established with a head of state as cunning as he is impenetrable, Joseph Kasavubu, and a Prime Minister as charismatic as he is unpredictable, Patrice Lumumba. In bars, people dance to the rhythm of the Independence Cha Cha, but the euphoria will be short-lived. On 5 July, a mutiny broke out in the Thysville camp (Mbanza-Ngungu), then spread to the capital. Over a matter of pay, no doubt, but also a revolt against the continued Belgian presence in the DRC by virtue of bilateral agreements. “For the army and General Janssens, who commands it, has the impudence to say that independence means nothing.” On 11 July, the rich province of Katanga, where the Belgian “Mining Union” reigns, secedes under the leadership of Moïse Tshombe. South Kasai threatens to do the same. This new state-continent is on the verge of imploding. A tough guy It is in this context that the new CIA station chief landed at Leopoldville Beach on 10 July 1960. -
The Political, Economic and Social Impact of the Decolonization and Perpetual, Neocolonial Control of Congo
DePaul University Via Sapientiae College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences 8-2010 Death at birth: The political, economic and social impact of the decolonization and perpetual, neocolonial control of Congo. Jason B. Locke DePaul University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd Recommended Citation Locke, Jason B., "Death at birth: The political, economic and social impact of the decolonization and perpetual, neocolonial control of Congo." (2010). College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations. 21. https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd/21 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Death at Birth The Political, Economic and Social Impact of the Decolonization and Perpetual, Neocolonial Control of Congo A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts June, 2010 By Jason Locke Department of History College of Liberal Arts and Sciences DePaul University Chicago, Illinois Europeans must recognize and come to accept the idea that the liberation movement that we are engaged in throughout Africa is not directed against them, nor against their possessions, nor against their persons, but purely and simply against the regime of exploitation and enslavement that we are no longer willing to tolerate. -
A Study of Reconstructive Religious Discourse in Post-Colonial Democratic Republic of Congo
BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION AS SOCIAL DISCOURSE: A STUDY OF RECONSTRUCTIVE RELIGIOUS DISCOURSE IN POST-COLONIAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO by JOSEPH BOLANDZA EPOMBO-MWENGE Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF THEOLOGY in the subject of NEW TESTAMENT at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA Supervisor: Prof. Gerhard van den Heever Co-supervisor: Dr. Maarman Sam Tshehla November 2010 (i) Declaration Student Number: 41055047 I declare that BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION AS SOCIAL DISCOURSE: A STUDY OF RECONSTRUCTIVE RELIGIOUS DISCOURSE IN POST-COLONIAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. …………………………. ……………………………. SIGNATURE DATE Rev. Joseph BOLANDZA EPOMBO-MWENGE (ii) Acknowledgments Undertaking and completing a Master’s dissertation is never the fruit of one person. It requires the contribution of many people. First of all, I would like to thank my God, the author of all intelligence and wisdom, who has protected and guided me during my studies in South Africa. I am deeply grateful to Prof. Gerhard van den Heever, my supervisor, for having accepted me as his student despite the fact that English is not my mother tongue. With his intelligence and experience, he was really a benediction for me. His support, remarks and advice helped me to understand how to do research on the postgraduate level. Then, I would like also to thank Dr Maarman Sam Tshehla my joint-supervisor, for helping me to put this dissertation in a suitable form. His advice, and encouragement have been valuable for me in completing my research. -
Agitatie En Therapie in Oshwe's Arbeiderskampen
Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Pieter De Coene Agitatie en therapie in Oshwe's arbeiderskampen De productie en contestatie van een grammar of difference in de verbanning naar Oshwe, Belgisch Congo (1940-1958) Masterproef voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Master in de geschiedenis 2019 Promotor Gillian Mathys Vakgroep Geschiedenis i Verklaring i.v.m. de consulteerbaarheid De auteur en de promotor geven de toelating deze studie als geheel voor consultatie beschikbaar te stellen voor persoonlijk gebruik. Elk ander gebruik valt onder de beperkingen van het auteursrecht, in het bijzonder met betrekking tot de verplichting de bron uitdrukkelijk te vermelden bij het aanhalen van gegevens uit deze studie. Het auteursrecht betreffende de gegevens vermeld in deze studie berust bij de promotor. Het auteursrecht beperkt zich tot de wijze waarop de auteur de problematiek van het onderwerp heeft benaderd en neergeschreven. De auteur respecteert daarbij het oorspronkelijke auteursrecht van de individueel geciteerde studies en eventueel bijhorende documentatie, zoals tabellen en figuren. De auteur en de promotor zijn niet verantwoordelijk voor de behandelingen en eventuele doseringen die in deze studie geciteerd en beschreven zijn. ii Voorwoord De voorbije jaren heb ik met veel twijfel nagedacht of ik mijn geschiedenisopleiding wilde eindigen met een thesis over Afrika. Het gewicht van de ‘koloniale bibliotheek’ leek en lijkt mij nog steeds te groot om van onderuit te komen. Ik ben desondanks verder gegaan en bevind me ondertussen meer en meer in de gangen van de koloniale machtsuitoefening over ‘Afrika’. De kritiek van sommige intellectuelen lijkt de identiteit van Afrika als een soort auto-proces te willen vestigen tegenover het westen of Europa, die enkel de koloniale verwoestingen zouden verderzetten in elke aanspraak op kennis over het Afrikaanse continent. -
Front Matter.P65
This item is a finding aid to a ProQuest Research Collection in Microform. To learn more visit: www.proquest.com or call (800) 521-0600 This product is no longer affiliated or otherwise associated with any LexisNexis® company. Please contact ProQuest® with any questions or comments related to this product. About ProQuest: ProQuest connects people with vetted, reliable information. Key to serious research, the company has forged a 70-year reputation as a gateway to the world’s knowledge – from dissertations to governmental and cultural archives to news, in all its forms. Its role is essential to libraries and other organizations whose missions depend on the delivery of complete, trustworthy information. 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway ■ P.O Box 1346 ■ Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ■ USA ■ Tel: 734.461.4700 ■ Toll-free 800-521-0600 ■ www.proquest.com Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files CONGO 1960–January 1963 INTERNAL AFFAIRS Decimal Numbers 755A, 770G, 855A, 870G, 955A, and 970G and FOREIGN AFFAIRS Decimal Numbers 655A, 670G, 611.55A, and 611.70G Project Coordinator Robert E. Lester Guide Compiled by Martin Schipper A UPA Collection from 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Congo, 1960–January 1963 [microform] : internal affairs and foreign affairs / [project coordinator, Robert E. Lester]. microfilm reels ; 35 mm. Accompanied by a printed guide, compiled by Martin Schipper, entitled: A guide to the microfilm edition of Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Congo, 1960–January 1963. “The documents reproduced in this publication are among the records of the U.S. -
Youth and Therapeutic Insurgency in Eastern Congo: an Ethnographic History of Ruga-Ruga, Simba, and Mai-Mai Movements, 1870 - Present
Youth and Therapeutic Insurgency in Eastern Congo: An Ethnographic History of Ruga-Ruga, Simba, and Mai-Mai Movements, 1870 - Present by Jonathan Edwards Shaw A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2018 Doctoral Committee: Professor Nancy Rose Hunt, Co-chair Professor Derek Peterson, Co-Chair Professor Adam Ashforth Professor Mike McGovern Professor Koen Vlassenroot, Ghent University Jonathan Edwards Shaw [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6337-434X © Jonathan Edwards Shaw 2018 2 Dedication For my sons. ii Acknowledgements This dissertation, whatever its weaknesses, is the product of significant labor, sacrifice, and commitment from many individual people and organizations. My field research would not have been possible without support from the Social Science Research Council’s Mellon International Dissertation Research Fellowship program. I particularly wish to thank Daniella Sarnoff for her support and encouragement. Field research was also funded by the United States Institute for Peace’s Jennings Randolph Fellowship program. Lili Cole proved an unstintingly supportive and flexible ally there. I am grateful to the Rackham Graduate School at the University of Michigan for awarding me both a Humanities Fellowship as well as an International Research Fellowship. I thank Diana Denney and Kathleen King within the History Department at the University of Michigan for their aid in applying for those opportunities and for many other tangible and intangible forms of support during my career as a graduate student. I am thankful to have received an African Initiatives Grant from the African Studies Center and Department of African and Afro-american Studies at the University of Michigan, with particular gratitude to Anne Pitcher in that program. -
De Politieke Strategie Van Union Minière Du Haut-Katanga Tussen 1945 En 1960
De politieke strategie van Union Minière du Haut-Katanga tussen 1945 en 1960 Jeroen Laporte Promotor: prof. dr. Eric Vanhaute Copromotor: prof. dr. Geert Castryck Commissaris: Sven Van Melkebeke Masterproef voorgelegd aan de Faculteit Letteren en Wijsbegeerte voor het behalen van de graad van Master in de Geschiedenis Academiejaar 2015-2016 Verklaring in verband met consulteerbaarheid De auteur en de promotor(en) geven de toelating deze studie als geheel voor consultatie beschikbaar te stellen voor persoonlijk gebruik. Elk ander gebruik valt onder de beperkingen van het auteursrecht, in het bijzonder met betrekking tot de verplichting de bron uitdrukkelijk te vermelden bij het aanhalen van gegevens uit deze studie. Het auteursrecht betreffende de gegevens vermeld in deze studie berust bij de promotor(en). Het auteursrecht beperkt zich tot de wijze waarop de auteur de problematiek van het onderwerp heeft benaderd en neergeschreven. De auteur respecteert daarbij het oorspronkelijke auteursrecht van de individueel geciteerde studies en eventueel bijhorende documentatie, zoals tabellen en figuren. De auteur en de promotor(en) zijn niet verantwoordelijk voor de behandelingen en eventuele doseringen die in deze studie geciteerd en beschreven zijn. Voorwoord Een masterproef schrijven is geen eenvoudige opdracht. Het afgelopen academiejaar was gevuld met vele lange dagen en nachten van onderzoek, zoektochten naar specifieke literatuur en talloze bezoeken aan het Rijksarchief 2 in Brussel. Door veel tijd door te brengen in het archief, is mijn onderwerp sinds september verschillende keren van focus en periodisering veranderd. Hoewel dit soms frustrerend was, bouwde ik ondertussen wel een betere kennis op van de werking van de Union Minière. Bovendien bleef de invalshoek van mijn thesis door mijn interesse en opleiding in de economie steeds dezelfde: een politieke probleemstelling trachten te beantwoorden vanuit een bedrijfsperspectief.