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Implikasi Pembacaan Shalawat Burdah IMPLIKASI PEMBACAAN SHALAWAT BURDAH (STUDI PONDOK PESANTREN MAMBAUL HIKMAH DESA TEGAL WANGI, KECAMATAN TALANG, KABUPATEN TEGAL) SKRIPSI Diajukan Sebagai Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Agama (S.Ag.) Jurusan Tasawuf dan Psikoterapi (TP) Disusun oleh : NAMA : MUHAMMAD FAJRI TSANI RAMADHANI NIM : 134411067 FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN HUMANIORA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN) WALISONGO SEMARANG 2018 ii ii iii MOTTO فَ َك ْي َف حُ ْن ِك ُر ُحبًّّا بَ ْع َد َما َش ِه َد ْث * بِ ِه َعهَ ْي َك ُع ُد ْو ُل ان َّد ْم ِع َوان َّسقَ ِم Bagaimana kau dapat mengingkari cinta sedangkan saksi adil telah menyaksikannya berupa deraian air mata dan jatuh sakit amat sengsara. َ ْ ْ َّ ْ ْ ْ َوأثبَ َج ان َى ْج ُد َخط ْي َع ْب َر ٍة َو َض َنى * ِمث َم انبَهَا ِر َعهَى َخ َّد ْي َك َوان َعنَ ِم Duka nestapa telah membentuk dua garisnya, isak tangis dan sakit lemah tak berdaya, bagai mawar kuningb dan merah yang melekat pada pipi dua. (imam al-Bushiry) iv TRANSLITERASI TRANSLITERASI ARAB- LATIN Penulisan ejaan Arab dalam Skripsi ini berpedoman pada keputusan Menteri Agama dan Menteri Departemen Pendidikan Republik Indonesia Nomor : 15 Tahun 1987, dan 0543b/U/1987. Transliterasi dimaksudkan sebagai pengalih hurufan dari abjad yang satu abjad yang lain. Transliterasi Arab-Latin disini ialah penyalinan huruf-huruf Arab dengan huruf-huruf yang lain beserta perangkatnya. Tentang pedoman Transliterasi Arab-Latin, dengan beberpa modifikasi sebagai berikut : A. Kosnsonan Fenom konsonan bahasa Arab yang dalam sistem tulisan Arab dilambangkan dengan huruf, dalam transliterasi ini sebagian dilambangkan dengan huruf dan sebagaian lagi dilambangkan dengan tanda, dan sebagaian lain lagi dengan huruf dan tanda sekaligus. Di bawah ini daftar huruf Arab itu dan transliterasinya dengan huruf latin. Huruf Arab Nama Huruf Latin Nama Alif Tidak Tidak ا dilambangkan dilambangkan Ba B Be ب Ta T Te ت Sa S Es (dengan titik ث diatasnya) Jim J Je ج Ha H Ha (dengan titik di ح v bawahnya) Kha Kh ka dan kha خ Dal D De د Zal Z Zet (dengan titik ذ di atasnya) Ra’ R Er ر Zai Z Zet ز Sin S Es س Syin Sy es dan ye ش Sad S Es (dengan titik di ص bawah) Dad D De (dengan titik di ض bawah) Ta T Te (dengan titik di ط bawah) Za Z Zet (dengan titik ظ di bawah) ain ‘ Koma terbalik (di‘ ع atas) Gain G Ge غ Fa F Ef ف Qaf Q Ki ق Kaf K Ka ك Lam L El ل vi Mim M Em م Nun N En ن Wau W We و Ha H Ha ه Hamzah ‘ Apostrof ء Ya Y Ye ي B. Vokal Vokal bahasa Arab, seperti vokal bahasa Indonesia, terdiri dari vokal tunggal atau monoftong dan vokal rangkap atau diftong. a. Vokal tunggal Vokal tunggal bahasa Arab yang lambangnya berupa tanda atau harkat, transliterasinya sebagai berikut: Tanda Nama Huruf Latin Nama Fathah A A َ Kasrah I I َ Dammah U U َ Contoh : kataba - َك َت َبَ fa’ala - َف َع َل b. Vokal Rangkap Vokal rangkap bahasa Arab yang lambangnya berupa gabungan antara harkat dan huruf, transliterasinya gabungan huruf yaitu: Tanda dan Nama Huruf Latin Nama Huruf Fathah dan Ya Ai a dan i Fathah dan Wawu Au a dan u Contoh: vii kaifa- َك ْى َفَ haula- َح ْو َل C. Maddah Maddah atau vokal panjang yang lambangnya berupa harkat dan huruf, transliterasinya berupa huruf dan tanda, yaitu: Harkat dan Huruf dan Nama Nama Huruf Tanda Fathah dan alif atau ya Ā a dan garsi di atas Kasrah dan ya Ī i dan garsi di atas Dammah dan wawu Ū u dan garsi di atas Contoh : Qāla - َقا َل Yaqūlu - َي ُق ْو ُلَ D. Ta’ Marbutah Transliterasi untuk ta marbutah ada dua: a. Ta Marbutah Hidup Ta Marbutah yang hidup atau mendapat harokat fathah, kasrah dan dammah, transliterasinya adalah /t/. b. Ta Marbutah Mati Ta marbutah yang mati atau mendapat harkat sukun, transliterasinya adalah /h/. c. Kalau pada suatu kata yang akhir katanya ta marbutah diikuti oleh kata yang menggunakan kata sandang al, serta bacaan kedua kata itu terpisah maka ta marbutah itu ditransliterasikan dengan ha (h). Contoh: raudah al-aţfāl - َر ْو َضتُا ْْلَ ْطفَا ْل - raudatul aţfāl al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah - اَن َم ِد ْينَتُا ْن ُمنَ َّى َرة ُ - al-Madīnatul Munawwarah viii E. Syaddah Syaddah atau tasydid yang dalam system tulisan Arab dilambangkan dengan sebuah tanda, tanda syaddah atau tasydid. Dalam transliterasi ini tanda syaddah tersebut dilambangkan dengan huruf, yaitu huruf yang sama dengan huruf yang diberi tanda syaddah itu. Contoh: rabbanā - َربَّنَا al-birr - اَ ْنبِ ّر F. Kata Sandang Kata sandang dalam sistem tulisan Arab dilambangkan dengan huruf, Namun, dalam transliterasinya kata sandang itu dibedakan antara kata.ال yaitu sandang yang diikuti oleh huruf syamsiyah dengan kata sandang yang diikuti oleh huruf qamariyah. a. Kata sandang yang diikuti huruf syamsiyah Kata sandang yang diikuti huruf syamsiyah ditransliterasikan sesuai dengan bunyinya, yaitu huruf /l/ diganti dengan huruf yang sama dengan huruf yang langsung mengikuti kata sandang itu. b. Kata sandang yang diikuti huruf qamariyah Kata sandang yang diikuti huruf qamariyah ditransliterasikan sesuai dengan aturan yang digariskan di depan dan sesuai dengan bunyinya. Baik diikuti huruf syamsiyah maupun huruf qamariyah, kata sandang ditulis terpisah dari kata yang mengikuti dan dihubungkan dengan tanda sambung/ hubung. Contoh: ar-rajulu - اَل َّر ُج ُلَ al-qalamu - اَ ْل َق َل ُمَ ix G. Hamzah Dinyatakan di depan daftar transliterasi Arab Latin bahwa hamzah di transliterasikan dengan apostrof. Namun, itu hanya terletak di tengah dan di akhir kata. Bila hamzah itu terletak di awal kata, ia tidak dilambangkan, karena dalam tulisan Arab berupa alif. Contoh: Hamzah di awal umirtu - اُ ِم ْر ُتَ akala - أَ َك َل Hamzah di tengah Ta’khużūna - َتأْ ُح ُذ ْو َنَ ta’kulūna - تأْ ُكلُ ْو َنَ Hamzah di akhir Syai’un - َش ْي ءَ an-nau’u - ال َّن ْو ُءَ H. Penulisan Kata Pada dasarnya setiap kata, baik fi’il, isim maupun huruf, ditulis terpisah. Bagi kata-kata tertentu yang penulisannya dengan huruf Arab yang sudah lazim dirangkaikan dengan kata lain karena ada huruf atau harakat yang dihilangkan maka dalam transliterasi ini penulisan kata tersebut bisa dilakukan dengan dua cara, bisa dipisah per kata dan bisa pula dirangkaikan. Contoh: Wa innallāha lahuwa khair ar-rāziqīn - َو ِا َّنَهللاََ َل ُه َو َخ ْي ُرال َّر ِز ِق ْي َنَ - Wa innallāha lahuwa khairur-rāziqīn I. Huruf Kapital Meskipun dalam sistem tulisan Arab huruf kapital tidak dikenal, dalam transliterasi ini huruf tersebut digunakan juga. Penggunaan huruf kapital seperti apa yang berlaku dalam EYD, diantaranya huruf kapital digunakan untuk menuliskan huruf awal, nama diri dan permulaan kalimat. Bila nama diri x itu didahului oleh kata sandang, maka yang ditulis dengan huruf kapital tetap huruf awal nama diri tersebut, bukan huruf awal kata sandangnya. Contoh: .Wa mā Muhammadun illā rasūl - َو َما ُم َح َّم د ِأﻻَّ َر ُس ْو لَ Penggunaan huruf awal kapital untuk Allah hanya berlaku bila dalam tulisan Arabnya memang lengkap demikian dan kalau penulisan itu disatukan dengan kata lain sehingga ada huruf atau harakat yang dihilangkan, huruf kapital tidak dipergunakan. Contoh: Wallāhu bikulli syai’in ‘alīmun - َو ِهللاَ ِب ُك ِّلَ َش ْي ٍء َعلِ ْي مَ xi UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH Bissmillahirrahmanirrahim Segala puji bagi Allah Yang Maha Pengasih dan Penyayang, bahwa atas taufiq dan hidayah-Nya maka penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi ini. Skripsi yang berjudul IMPLIKASI PEMBACAAN SHALAWAT BURDAH ( STUDI PONDOK PESANTREN MAMBAUL HIKMAH DESA TEGAL WANGI, KECAMATAN TALANG, KABUPATEN TEGAL) Penulis menyadari bahwa tulisan ini masih jauh dari sempurna, karena itu, penulis benar-benar mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun untuk kesempurnaan skripsi ini. Mudah-mudahan, skripsi ini akan berguna bagi kita semua. Shalawat serta salam selalu tercurahkan kepada tauladan sepanjang masa, Nabi Muhammad SAW, beserta para keluarga, sahabat, dan pengikutnya yang senantiasa istiqomah dalam sunnahnya hingga akhir jaman. Skripsi ini disusun sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Tasawuf Psikoterapi Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora UIN Walisongo Semarang. Dengan judul skripsi : IMPLIKASI PEMBACAAN SHALAWAT BURDAH ( STUDI PONDOK PESANTREN MAMBAUL HIKMAH DESA TEGAL WANGI, KECAMATAN TALANG, KABUPATEN TEGAL) Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa begitu banyak pihak yang telah turut membantu dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini, dengan segala kerendahan hati, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada : 1. Prof. Dr. H. Muhibbin, M.Ag, selaku Rektor Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang 2. Dr. H. M. Mukhsin Jamil, M.Ag, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang yang telah merestui pembahasan skripsi ini. 3. Dr. H. Sulaiman, M.Ag dan Fitriyati, S.Psi. M.Si selaku ketua dan sekretaris jurusan Tasawuf dan Psikoterapi yang telah memberikan pengarahan dan motivasi dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 4. Bahroon Ansori, M.Ag, sebagai pembimbing I dan Sri Rejeki, S.Sos.I, M.Si, sebagai pembimbing II yang telah bersedia meluangkan waktu, tenaga dan pikiran untuk memberikan bimbingan dan pengarahan dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 5. Pengasuh Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Hikmah Tegal, segenap pengurus Ponpes, dan masyarakat jamaah pembacaan shalawat Burdah di Ponpes Mambaul Hikmah Tegal, yang telah mengijinkan penulis untuk melakukan penelitian di Ponpes Mambaul Hikmah TegalS. 6. Para Dosen Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang, yang telah membekali pengetahuan sehingga penulis mampu menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi 7. Staf Perpustakaan utama UIN Walisongo Semarang perpustakaan Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora dan Perpustakaan Daerah Jawa Tengah yang telah memberikan pelayanan dalam memberikan literatur kepada penulis dalam menyusun skripsi ini. 8. Special Thanks to my Parents Ayahanda dan Almh. ibunda tercinta, bapak Moh. Hasanuddin dan Almh. ibu Najibah, yang senantiasa menyelipkan nama saya disetiap do’a terhebatnya thanks a lot, you are my everything .
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