Otto Rank The Incest Theme in Literature and Legend

Fundamentals of a Psychology of Literary Creation

The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore and London Contents

Introductory Essay, by Peter L. Rudnytsky xxi Translator's Note xlvii Author's Preface i Author's Introduction 3

PARTI The Relationship between Parents and Children 1 The Origins of the Incest Fantasy in the Individual 21 2 Types of Incest Drama {Oedipus, Hamlet, Don Carlos): The Mechanisms of Artistic Creativity 33 3 Schiller's Incest Fantasy: The Psychology of Outlines and Fragments 51 4 The Stepmother Theme: The Psychology of the Selection of Material 92 THE DON CARLOS SCHEMA 99 THE PHAEDRA SCHEMA: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LITERARY ADAPTATION Il8 VU1 CONTENTS

5 The Conflict between Father and Son 131 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PATRICIDE 152 ^ 6 Shakespeare's Father Complex: The Psychology of Dramatic Creation 165 7 Oedipus Dramas of World Literature 189 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF JUVENALIA 198 ; 8 The Interpretation of the Oedipus Legend 208 9 The Incest Complex in the Development of Classical Myths and Mythological Tradition: Sexual Symbolism 223 THE MYTH OF THE WORLD PARENTS 225 THE, CASTRATION COMPLEX 229 THE OLD TESTAMENT TRADITION 239 THE THEME OF DISMEMBERMENT 248 - v THE TANTALIDE LEGEND AND ITS DRAMATIC VERSIONS 256 A 10 Medieval Fables and Christian Legends 271 11 The Relationship between Father and Daughter in Myth, Folktales, Legends, Literature, Life, and Neurosis 300 N^;' 12 Incest in Historical Times: Tradition, Custom, and Law 338

PART II The Relationship between Siblings •*v\13 The Significance of the Sibling Complex 363 14 Grillparzer: A Contribution to the Problem of the Relationship of Literature and Neurosis 382 , / 15 The Ancestress Schema: The Psychology of Aesthetic Effect 405 s 16 Goethe's Love for His Sister 412 * 17 Defense against and Enactment of Sibling Incest 427 THE THEME OF SIBLING RECOGNITION 428 THE THEME OF SUSPENSION OF SIBLING RELATIONSHIP 431 THE ELIZABETHAN DRAMATISTS 441 SHELLEY 444 18 Byron: His Life and Dramatic Works 451 \ 19 Biblical Incest Material in Dramatic Works 460 / CAIN'S FRATRICIDE 460 AMNON'S INCEST WITH TAMAR: THE SPANIARDS (LOPE T)E VEGA, CALDERON, CERVANTES) 462 CONTENTS IX

20 Schiller's Sibling Complex: The Mechanism of Displacement of Affect 466 The Theme of Brother Hatred, from Sophocles to Schiller 486 THE GREEK TRAGEDIANS AND THEIR IMITATORS 486 SCHILLER'S PREDECESSORS: STURM UND DRANG 498 22 The Tragedians of Fate 503 ZACHARIAS WERNER 504 ADOLF MULLNER 505 23 The Romantics 514 LUDWIG TIECK 514 ACHIM VON ARNIM 522 CLEMENS BRENTANO S24 THEODOR KORNER 526 RICHARD WAGNER S33

V, • 24 The Incest Theme in Modern Literature: A Look into the Past and •• \ into the Future 541 y ' HENRIK IBSEN 542 THE INCEST THEME IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE 548

References 575 Index 589