Mam Basic Course was developed under contract with the Peace Corps. Grateful acknowledgement is here made for this support.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank the following people for their help in the realization of this book:

Dr. Terrence Kaufman, whose field notes and suggestions were in- valuable in the preparation of the dictionary.

Dr. Una Canger, who served as consultant.

Flora Donaldson, who deserves a special thanks for the extra hours she spent in typing and otherwise working on the book. She is to be given credit for the drawings.

Father Lansing, who kindly made available a pre-publication draft of some Mam materials.

The Reverend Edward Sywulka for his valuable suggestions and help while we were in Guatemala.

Pascual Lopez (Chikup, Ixtahuacan), Andres Maldonado (Acal, Ixtahuacan), Andres Jimenez (Vega Pola,1a, Ixtahuacan), Francisco Mendez (La Cumbre, Ixta- huacan), and Andres Maldonado (Vega Polaja, Ixtahuacan), who furnished us with the texts of the appendix.

INTRODUCTION

The Mam Language

Peace Corps Contribution

Among the notable accomplishments of the Peace Corps must be included the shattering of certain myths about languages. It took the Peace Corps to discover, at least for the American government, that Spanish and Portuguese are not the only important languages of Latin America; that indeed, in many large and heavily populated areas from Mexico down through the Andes and as far south as Paraguay and Chile, aboriginal languages greatly predominate over the language imposed by the Europeans. It took the Peace Corps, with volun- teers working at the grassroots level, to find out that, even in many areas said to be practically bilingual, such as Highland Guatemala, in fact Spanish is rarely spoken, and then only by a small minority, and then often haltingly and with embarrassment. In many such areas the indigenous tongue, not remote- ly related to Spanish or any other European language, is the mother tongue of the people, the language of hearth and home, the language of thoughts and dreams, of love and prayer, of conversation, work, and play. It is a precious- ly held heritage through which their individual personalities and group unity are expressed. Spanish in these supposedly bilingual areas is the language used by a small minority for meeting the outside world. Spanish is the lan- guage of the schools, the government, and the military establishment, connota- tions of which do not particularly enhance its popularity. It took the Peace Corps to show also that these highly complex languages, whose structures and idioms differed most radically from that of the European languages, could indeed be learned—and indeed must be by one desiring to es- tablish rapport and communicate effectively with the people in these areas. Today PCV's in Latin America are learning several indigenous tongues whose strange sounding names are little known in the United States: Guarani, Aymara, Quechua, Cuna, Cakchiquel, Mam, Quiche. In the future, no doubt, as Volunteers push into untouched areas, other tongues will be added to the list.

The Historical Setting

During the so-called dark ages', when the once great ancestral civiliza- tions of Western Europe were withering in a desert of authoritarian dogma, there were in the western hemisphere several civilizations flourishing like lush oases in a parched world. Undiscovered until the sixteenth century, these mighty civilizations, the Aztecan, the Incan, and the Mayan, managed to achieve by the tenth century some of the fundamental accomplishments that mark great civilizations in social organization, jurisprudence, science and mathematics, engineering, communications, art and architecture, and even medicine. Although they had not developed gun powder, high quality steel, nor even harnessed the wheel, they had built great cities and transportation systems and made almost incredible discoveries in mathematics, astronomy, and other fields of science. Already declining before the Conquest, all three of these great civiliza- tions became victims in the l6th Century of the superior military technology and strategy of the Spanish invaders. The exploits and daring of the conquer- ors are, of course, legend today, because from the conquest stems part of our own history. But to Cortez, who vanquished the Aztecs and the Mayas in bloody conflict, and to Pizarro, who conquered the entire Incan nation by an incred- ibly daring ruse and virtually without a battle, are due the rape and virtual destruction of the spirit that moved these Indian nations to achieve civiliza- tion. As we know, the leaders of these nations were put to death, but the popu- lations remained as subjects of the new rulers. Thus the once mighty stream of their history cut off, and the people now ruled by despotic tyrants of a foreign race, the Indians turned inward. The people survived, but their civi- lizations did not. This was an unhealthy survival: life remained but the spi- rit that gave life was gone. Today, scarcely 1+00 years after the conquest, the direct descendants of these not very ancient civilizations, the descendants who still identify them- selves as Aztec, Mayan, or Incan Indians, number some eight to ten million— only a fraction of their population before the conquest. Their heritage from the past? Little more than their sense of identity, manifest mainly by their Indian language, which, incidentally, has changed little in the past U00 years. They no longer look back nostalgically to the good old days before the conquest. for their sense of history has been broken. They no longer have a history nor seek a destiny. They are rooted only to the present. But the scars of" their unsuccessful confrontation with Western civilization, the hurt, the feelings of inferiority remain and are manifest in a suspicion of the non-Indian and a resistance to non-Indian institutions, including the Spanish language.

The Situation of Mayan Languages Today

The great Mayan civilization which once ruled most of the territory of Southern Mexico, all of Guatemala, part of Honduras, and the entire iucatan Peninsula survives today in the very same area. Except for the Lacandon group which fled deep into the rain forest of Guatemala and thus have escaped until now the conquering armies, the Mayan people today are governed under the res- pective governments of the areas where they live. Many of them have no con- cept of nation; their identification is with their kinfolk and other towns- people where they live. This provincial identification is manifest in their dress and in their speech. Each Indian town has its own peculiar dress and almost every town has developed certain (minor) dialect peculiarities. But with all the minor diversity of dialects, it is still possible to recognize the ancestral grouping of dialects, or rather languages, within the Mayan language family. There are half a dozen groups in the Mayan family. One of the largest of these groups, and the one we are most concerned with, includes Mam, Aguacateca, Jacalteca, Chul, and Ixil. To a certain degree some of the languages in this group are mutually intelligible, but difference be- tween other languages are so great as to effectively preclude mutual intelli- gibility. Mam, by far the largest of this group, is spoekn in the Western Highlands of Guatemala in the states of San Marcos, Huehuetenango, and Quezaltenango. Several thousand Mam Indians live in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, just across the border from Guatemala. lza- Although it is difficult to estimate the number of speakers of Mam, gy there are probably well over 300,000, certainly a large majority of the uer- people within the area. Some of these have some knowledge of Spanish, but our their Spanish should not be overestimated. Though many of the men demonstrate oody apparent fluency in Spanish, their fluency is often deceptive. Spanish is •ed- used only to the extent that it may be needed to meet the outside world. And ,ual and Indian can barter eggs and sell blankets with a very limited amount of .iza- Spanish. Their mother tongue is Mam, and only in Mam would most of the appar- ent 'bilinguals' be competent to consider, say, a new idea, or carry on a >opu- meaningful conversation on any but the most common subjects. And as for the •eam women and children, their knowledge of Spanish is generally zero. Again, the a language of the home is Mam. :ivi- Outsiders, hearing a certain amount of Spanish spoken in the area, have spi- seldom appreciated how drastically limited the Spanish language is. A Catholic missionary wrote about his experience in the area: of ;hem- "l can well remember having spent six months laboring over Spanish, getting ready to go to Santiago Atitlan. Well, much to my surprise when I arrived there, my Spanish availed me almost nothing. Just freely calculating, I would say that less than 3% of the people could say anything to me in Spanish. Their language was the Maya Indian tongue called Tzutujil. 1 decided that if I was to make any headway with them, I would have to learn their language. Once I began to talk it with the people, I experienced a real change in them in my regard. They really began to open up to me and I finally began to know something about them."

Socio-linguistic Characteristics of Mam

1. Vocabulary. Mam is in no way related to or derived from Spanish. However, communities where any degree of bilingualism persists over a period of time can be expected to have borrowed words from one language into the other. This is the case in Guatemala where Spanish loan words are not infre- quently used in the speech of bilingual Indians and picked up by the monolin- gual Mam speakers. Depending on probably a number of factors (which have not been investigated) a random selection of Indian language utterances will con- tain from a very low to a very high number of Spanish loan words. These may be nouns, verbs, adjectives, conjunctions, or of any other form class. the *Verbs are borrowed only in their infinitive form. Spanish verb inflec- tion is not used in Mam speech; rather, the borrowed infinitive is placed in a Mam grammatical setting which indicates the verbal categories of tense, per- son, number, status, etc., in the native way. Hence a Spanish speaker, al- though he might pick out Spanish verbs in a given stretch of Mam discourse, will likely not understand how the familiar verb is being used.

*Nouns are borrowed without cognizance of their gender distinctions. Adjectives likewise are used with no attention to the principle of gender agreement so important in Spanish, (in fact, when speaking Spanish, most of the Indians completely ignore gender in nouns and agreement of gender in adjectives!) 2. Non-casual language. Although Mayan once had a hieroglyphic writing system and undoubtedly produced a written literature, the native tradition of writing literature was lost, probably three or four centuries ago. The Spanish priests, however, developed a writing system for Mam using the 'Roman alphabet plus a few made-up symbols to represent the exotic sounds. In this alphabet a considerable amount of Mam literature has been recorded wince the l6th century: however, only a very small part of it is truly native literature. Mostly the written Mam has been catechisms, sermons, missionary grammars, and the like. The New Testament was translated by Protestant missionaries only in the past cmarter of a century. Little is known of the existence of an oral literature tradition among the Mams today, other than the chants and other verbal nrac- tices of the native shamans.

3. Native attitudes about language. To the native Mam speakers, of course, their language is the natural, normal speech of man. It is the only vehicle through which they are free to express their thoughts natively, and to be sure it has been shaped and molded precisely in order to serve that func- tion. No other language can serve nearly so well for them. They resirtt Spanish, not only because of their inherited suspicion of the foreign intruder, but be- cause they find that it is not capable of serving their native needs. It is simply not their language. Partly because of this resistance to Spanish the Mams' have also resisted western ideas when these have been brought forth by foreigners and in a foreign language. Missionaries and Peace Corps Volunteers who have managed to learn the Indian tongue, however, have reported a marked diminution in this natural resistance to new ideas. When one has experienced the warmth of the reception afforded to the gringo who comes to them speaking their own language, he knows that the extreme price paid to acquire the language has been worth it.

h. The Future of Mam. It does not appear likely that Mam will die out in the near future. The language is thriving beautifully. But it will prob- ably be recognized that Spanish provides certain advantages not offered by Mam alone. The schools will continue to stress the need for Spanish, but a strat- egy seems in the offing. A Catholic missionary writes in 1969:

"The national education system has now begun to talk of the necessity of their teachers' being conversant with the language of the people if they are going to be able to effectively teach the kiddies to speak Spanish in their schools. This just might even encourage many people to put their children in the school for the first time, which so very few do presently."

And from the same letter comes an indication that the political power of the Indian is becoming more evident, so that these large numbers of people must be reached more effectively.

"It appears that the Spanish speaking cultural group ruling this country is showing more and more signs of admitting the pre- sence of the 5^% of Guatemala's population. The political party which is in power presently by free election has begun to give courses to its 'promoters' in Quiche. I would certainly come near- er voting for a candidate who could speak to me in my language, wouldn't you? This could mean that eventually these 'forgotten' people would begin to see themselves as real members of the country." Prologomena to Mam Study

Many of us, in the course of our education, have picked up a host of myths and confusions about language which can severely hamper our efforts to learn a foreign language, particularly one as foreign as Mam. Contrast some of these popular myths with the facts of the matter.

MYTH FACT

1. There exists an 1. Literally hundreds of aboriginal languages are American Indian lan- spoken today in North and South America. Mam is only guage still spoken one of them. in corrupt dialects by a few scattered Indian tribes.

2. Mam is a primi- 2. The terms "primitive" and "degenerate" in refer- tive and degenerate ence to any form of human speech are not serviceable. language, incapable Linguistic science has discovered that all languages of expressing any in the world, those spoken by Australian aborigines, but the meanest of African bushmen, or American Indians, as well as those ideas. spoken by highly civilized nations, seem to be equally capable of dealing with the human experience as per- ceived through the native culture. There is no reason why Mam, had it been the language of the Anglo-Saxons who took over the British Isles centuries after Christ, could not have served as well as English as the lan- guage of our society.

3. Like other prim- 3. The notion that Mam or any language has a closed itive languages, Mam and limited vocabulary is nonsense. All languages has only a handful use finite means to express infinite ranges of thought. (200-300) of words. The finite means consists of the words cr semantic ele- Communication is nec- ments together with the grammatical relationships these essarily supplemented elements can assume. Mam speakers sense no more limi- with sign language; tation in the means at their disposal than we do in the communication in the means at our disposal. The vocabulary of the average dark is very highly Mam is probably as large as that of the average speaker restricted. of any language. Gestures (not 'sign language') are an optional concomitant of Mam speech just as they are of English. Mams talk in the dark or over the telephone as freely as we do. You will hear in Mam some of the most beautiful and eloquent speech you can imagine.

U. Mam has no gram- U, It is not clear what people mean when they say mar. that such and such a language has no grammar. If they mean that grammar is not taught out of books in school, then it is true that many languages do not enjoy that blessing! However, if they think that any language is used without a system (that is, without rules of grammar) for forming sentences, then they are clearly mistaken. Communication through lan- guage is possible only because language is a sys- tem of rules for relating elements. The system, that is, the grammar, is learned by the child long before he is of school age. It is learned, of course, without any formal instruction. And although a speak- er is not conscious of the rules that govern his speech behavior, nor of having ever learned any rules, in fact he cannot speak a single sentence without applying grammar rules.

5. Mam is not a 5. A confused notion exists about "phonetic" vs. phonetic language. "non-phonetic" languages. It is thought that some lan- guages can not be written because their sounds are not phonetic. Supposedly, since the letters of the alpha- bet are assumed to have inherent values (those of Eng- lish) and since many languages have un-English-like sounds, foreign to the known values of our letters, these languages must be "unphonetic". This confused thinking probably results from a basic misunderstand- ing of the nature of language, and that the letters of the Roman alphabet have constant values, determined by some primeval revelation. In fact, language is essentially and primarily the use of.speech sounds to convey meaning. Writing is a representation, a tran- scription of speech. Speech is basic, the primary form of communication. Writing is derived, a second- ary form of communication.

6. The strange and 6. Every language in the world has selected and or- unphonetic sounds of ganized into a system a small set of minimal sound Mam are so infinite- units from the vast total of noises the human vocal ly varied and so pe- apparatus can produce. All the sounds of all languages culiar that they can can be learned by all normal people. Mams speak with not be learned by the same vocal apparatus as anyone else. They simply non-Mams. One has use it with different articulation, settings and timing to be 'born into dynamics than we are accustomed to using in English. Mam'. No one is 'born into a language', no one is pre-pro- grammed to learn just the set of sound patterns native to his parents' speech. The acquisition of language is dependent on one's linguistic environment, not on one's ancestry. Learning to speak is a cultural ex- perience, not a biological inheritance.

7. Being unphonetic, T. Although every language has its own unique sound Mam is not a written system, it does not follow that every language must language. have its own unique alphabet. Any phonetic alphabet such as the Roman, used in most of the Western- European languages, or the Cyrillic, used in Russian and many other languages, can be used to represent the minimal sound units of any language, with a little give and take, to be sure. English could just as well be written in Cyrillic or Arabic or Hindustani letters, just as Russian, Arabic, or Hindustani could be written just as well in Roman letters. The principle of alphabet adaptation is this: when letter symbols are pressed into service to represent the minimal sound units of a given language they must each be *se, assigned 'values' or READ-BACK RULES. Conversely, ?ak- the minimal sound units of a given language, when seech these are to be represented by letter symbols, must fact be given unchanging transcription or SPELLING RULES. The result: ONE SOUND - ONE SYMBOL; ONE SYMBOL - ONE SOUND. Each phoneme (minimal sound unit) is represented always and only by the same symbol, and each symbol represents one and only one phoneme. This is known as the PHONEMIC PRINCIPLE OP SPELLING.

8. There should be 8. As everyone knows, English is not written consis- one and only one tently according to the phonemic principle. With '+5 correct way to spell phonemes in English and only 26 letters in the alpha- the words of a writ- bet , we must admit that our own language has a very ten language, and, poor alphabet adaptation, a poor 'fit'. Mam, on the of course, one and other hand, which has been written for only half a only one way to pro- century, and in which only a small amount of writing nounce them. has been published, has been fitted almost perfectly to a phonemic representation: there are 33 symbols for 33 phonemes. Only one compromise has been made: contrary to the strictest conventions of the Phonemic Principle, some of the phonemes are represented by double letter symbols, for example, ch_ and tz. As to the desirability of having a standard, uni- form pronunciation of every word in every language, this is fine, but fails to take into account the kind of variation characteristic of human behavior that pro- duces and fosters dialect differences. English speak- ers understand one another in spite of rather wide differences in pronunciation across time and space. Mams, in spite of some minor differences in different parts of their area do equally well in communicating with each other.

Let's make some important generalizations from what we have said. It should now be clear that

1. LETTERS DON'T HAVE OR MAKE SOUNDS.

2. LETTERS ONLY REPRESENT SOUNDS.

3. LETTER VALUES MUST BE DEFINED FOR EACH LANGUAGE.

h. SINCE THE ASSIGNMENT OF LETTER VALUES IS ARBITRARY, ALTERNATIVE WAYS OF REPRESENTING THE PHONEMES OF A LANGUAGE COULD BE EQUALLY VALID. Organization of the Book

Basically, each of the thirty-four lessons is divided into the Prepara- tion Stage and the Eta-pa Principal. The Preparation Stage is a program that presents the basic grammatical points that will be covered in the Etapa Prin- cipal . The program which is to be mastered by the student before he arrives in class, has the instructions given in Mam where possible. Otherwise, the program is in English (or Spanish if a particular Mam grammatical point is more closely reflected by Spanish grammar). The Etam Principal is made up of one or more short dialogs consisting of a question-and an answer. The answer is presented first, followed by manipu- lation exercises. Then the question and more exercises are presented. After the student memorizes the dialog, he is to participate in the activities, games and other language use devices suggested by the book, and more importantly, improvised by the teacher. In lessons two through six the Preparation Stage includes a programmed approach to the phonology. Appendix A contains short dialogs and useful expressions, Appendix B, texts and stories, and Appendix C, a Mam-Spanish-English dictionary alphabe- tized both in Mam and in Spanish. The Spanish used is colloquial Guatemalan, both lexically and syntactically. On occasion the structure of Spanish as well as English has been purposely modified to reflect Mam grammatical structure. The primary informant, Andre's Maldonado, is from Vega Polajfi, a hamlet near San Ildefonso Ixtahuacan, Huehuetenango. This book, therefore, repre- sents the Ixtahuacan dialect. The Orthographic Symbols Used for Mam

alveo- post- labial dental alveolar ualatal retroflexed velar velar glottal a in P t c k <1 T stoDS P^ + 1 glottal ized b a c' k' P.' plain tz" ch ch affricates, , more glottal ized tz' ch' ch' s £ of fricatives X X i pu- ter liquids 1 r games nasals m n

semi-vowels w y

Spanish . phionemic borrowings stops-voiced V d g

;ically.

The Corresponding Phonetic Symbols

alveo- post- labial dental alveolar palatal retroflexed velar velar glottal t c k k 9 stops plain . P glottaliz ;ed p'* t'* c' k' k'* „„ . plain i 5 affricates glottaliz ;ed c"

fricatives s s' Jf X

liquids l r

nasals m n

semi-vowels w y Spanish phonemic borrowings stops-voiced b d g

*these are imploded /p/ is pronounced as p_ in Spanish 'papa1. Paa, 'shopping bag': chiip 'goat'.

/t/ is pronounced as in Spanish. Tnam, 'town': at, 'there is/are'.

/c/ is a very fronted k sound. Cee, 'them'.

/k/ is pronounced like the Spanish or English k before u (cubierta, coo). Unlike Spanish or English, /k/ does not front if followed by a front vowel. Thus, the k's of kab, 'two', kibl, 'something to see with', and kuch, 'nig' are all pronounced in the same position.

/q/ is a k-like stop, but the tongue strikes farther back. Q.aq, 'six'.

/tz/ is a si.igle consonant Pronounced like the sequence ts_ in English. Tzatz, 'thick'.

/ch/ is a single consonant like ch_ in English. Chooj , 'turkey'.

/ch/ is a single consonant where the tongue is in a retroflexed position. Tcha7n, 'his nose', lich, 'cricket'. /ch'/ is the glottalized counterpart of ch_. Ch'it 'bird'.

/ch'/ is the glottalized counterpart of ch_. Ch'am, 'sour': ch'och' , 'earth'.

Ill is the glottal stop. It is the sound we say in English between the oh's of oh-oh! It is simply a slight catch of the breath. If the glot- tal stop is preceded by one vowel, there is a slight echo on the other side of the glottal stop. 7aJ_, 'water': baTn_, 'good'. If the glottal stop is preceded by two vowels, there is rarely a complete closure of the glottis. The vowels become 'laryngalized, (i.e., vowels like Jimmy Stewart's). / /s/ is like in Spanish. Sag, 'white'.

/x/ is like the sh_ in English. Xook, 'hook'; waakx, 'cattle'.

/x/ is pronounced with the tongue in a retroflexed position. Xjaal, 'person'.

/b/ is the glottalized counterpart of /p/. It is imploded rather than ex- ploded. It is voiced except before a pause or a voiceless consonant. Ba7n, 'good'; chibj, 'meat', kab, 'dos'.

/d'/ is the glottalized counterpart of t_. In many dialects it is unvoiced. However, in the Ixtahuacan dialect it is voiced and imploded except before a pause or voiceless consonant. It occurs quite rarely in the language. D'aal, 'juice': xuid'pa.j , 'to .jump'.

/c'/ is the glottalized counterpart of c_. C' a j , 'corn flour' : jnic ' , 'what (time)'.

/k'/ is the glottalized counterpart of k. K'um, 'squash': lak', 'sticky'. ;oat' /q'/ is the glottalized counterpart of q_. Q'iij , 'day': tag' , 'underneath1.

/tz'/ is the glottalized counterpart of tz_. Tz'utz' , 'plow'.

/j/ is pronounced nearly the same as in Spanish except it has a much more fricative quality. Juun, 'one'; laaj, 'ten'.

/m/ is pronounced as in English or Spanish. Meen, 'mute': k'um, 'squash'. and /n/ is like Spanish. In word final position it goes to 'ng' like in 'sing'. Nim, ''big, much'; choon, 'he ate'.

/r/ occurs rarely in the language. It occurs in a few native words and in Spanish loan words. Rax, 'raw1; oor, 'hour'.

/I/ is pronounced with two variants. It is always voiced except when it is preceded by a voiceless consonant in word final position. Lob j, 'fruit' til, 'he saw': majtl, 'again'.

/w/ is pronounced like the English w.

/y/ is pronounced like the 'y' in Spanish. rth' The vowels are either long or short.

/a/ Mai, 'Maria' /aa/ maal, 'swelling'

/e/ bech, 'flower' /ee/ tbeech, 'his flower'

HI . cil, 'they saw' /ii/ ciil, 'their sins'

/o/ ch'och1 , 'earth' /oo/ ch'ooch' , 'liver'

/u/ utz, 'good' /uu/ uutz, 'hammock'

If, however, a long vowel does not recieve stress, it is reduced to a short vowel.

1. Taat, 'senor' 2. Taat Waan, 'senor Juan'

In the second example, because Waan receives the stress, the Taat is pronounced Tat.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Introduction A. The Mam Language 1. Peace Corps Contribution 2. The Historical Setting 3. The Situation of Mayan Languages Today B. Socio-linguistic Characteristics of Mam iii C. Prologomena to Mam Study v D. Organization of the Book viii E. The Orthographic Symbols Used for Mam ix F. The Corresponding Phonetic Symbols ix

II. Lesson One A. Preparation Stage 1 1. Manual del Instructor . . . . 11 B. Etapa Principal 15 1. Memorizaci6n 18 a. Tii ntma7n ju yool baTn iC6mo se dice la palabra tuj kastiy? baTn en castellano? b. Ju yool ba7n ntmaTn 'esta. La palabra baTn se dice bien' tuj kastiy. 'esta bien' en castellano. C. Demostraci6n Grafica para Comprensi6n Pasiva 21

III. Lesson Two A. Preparation Stage 23 1. Manual del Instructor (Etapa de Preparaci6n) ... 31 2. Pronunciation 33 a. Manual del Instructor (Pronunciacion) U3 B. Etapa Principal *+5 1. Memorizacion (l) *+5 a. Tiitqal jluuT? IQuS es esto? b. Tmuuqine. Esto es tu tortilla. 2. Memorizacion (2) UT,H8 a. Tii ntmaTn jluuT tuj iQue quiere decir esto en kastiy: nmuuqine? castellano: nmuuqine? b. NtmaTn jluuT 'mi tor- Esto quiere decir 'mi tilla'. tortilla'. C. Demostracion Gr£fica para Comprensi6n Pasiva 51

IV. Lesson Three A. Preparation Stage 53 1. Manual del Instructor (Etapa de Preparaci6n) . 59 2. Pronunciation 6l a. Manual del Instructor (Pronunciaci6n) 65 B. Etapa Principal 67 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 68 a. Tii tbiiye? IQug es tu nombre? b. Roveerto nbiiye. Roberto es mi nombre. Memorizacion (2) 69 a. Tii tbii jluu7? iComo se llama esto? b. Jaa tbii. Se llama casa. 3. Memorizacion (3) 71 a. Tiitqal jluu7? iQue es esto? b. Nlaapise. Es mi lapiz.

Lesson Four A. Preparation Stage 73 1. Manual del Instructor (Etapa de Preparaci6n) 8l 2. Pronunciation 83 a. Manual del Instructor (Pronunciaci6n) 89 B. Etapa Principal 91 1. Memorizacion (l) 91 a. Tii tbii tiiyaje? iQue es el nombre de tu semi11a? b. Chiciwaa tbii wiiyaje. Chiciwa es el nombre de mi semilla. 2. Memorizacion (2) 9*+ a. Tii tbii tiitz'ine? iComo se llama tu hermana menor? b. Yaan tbii wiitz'ine. Mi hermana menor se llama Faviana. 3. Memorizaci6n (3) » . • • • 96 a. Tii tbii tmaan Taat iQue es el nombre del Cheep? padre del senor Jos6? b. Paax Lops tbii tmaan Pascual Lopez es el nom- Taat Cheep. bre del padre del senor Jose.

VI. Lesson Five A. Preparation Stage 101 1. Manual del Instructor (Etapa de Preparaci6n) 107 2. Pronunciation 109 a. Manual del Instructor (Pronunciacion) . 113 B. Etapa Principal 115 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 119 a. Tii cbiiye? iC6mo se llaman Uds.? b. Waan nbiiye ex Xa7p tbii. Me llamo Juan y el se llama Sebastian. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 121 a. Tii tbiiye? iComo te llamas? b. Laas nbiiye. Me llamo Laas. a. Ax Laas nbiiye. Yo me llamo Laas tambien. b. Entoonses juunx qbii. Entonces tenemos el mismo nombre. 3. Memorizacion (3) • • 122 a. Tii tbii tmaane? iCfimo se llama tu padre? b. Laas tbii. Se llama Laas. a. Entoonses juunx qbiiye Entonces tenemos el mismo porke ax Laas nbiiye. nombre porque tambi6n me llamo Laas. VII. Lesson Six A. Preparation Stage 125 1. Manual del Instructor (Etapa de Preparaci6n) 131 2. Pronunciation 133 a. Manual del Instructor (Pronunciacion) lUl B. Etapa Principal 1U3 1. Memorizacion (l) ihk a. A17ee jluu7? £De quiin es esto? b. Ceeye. Es de Uds. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) IU7 a. A17ee ju mees luu7? iDe quien es esta mesa? b. Weeye ju mees luu7. Es mia esta mesa. VIII. Lesson Seven A. Preparation Stage 151 1. Manual del Instructor ' 159 B. Etapa Principal l6l 1. Memorizaci6n (l) l6U a. Lo7npe tbii tu7ne? iSabes su nombre? b. LoonI Mai tbii. Si, se llama Maria. 2. Memorizacion (2) 168 a. Lo7npe tbii ju xjaal iSabes el nombre de aquella tu7ne kinn? persona? b. Looni Paax tbii. Si, se llama Pascual.

IX. Lesson Eight A. Preparation Stage 171 1. Manual del Instructor 177 B. Etapa Principal 179 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 181 a. Na7npe nbiiye tu7ne? iRecuerdas mi nombre? b. Naanl Paax tbiiye. Si, te llamas Pascual. 2. Memorizacion (2) 185 a. Alcee na7n tu7n tbii iQuien recuerda el nom- ju xjaal ta7 chii7? bre de aquella persona? b. Ntif na7n tbii wu7ne, No recuerdo su nombre, peero lo7n twitz wu7ne. pero lo conozco.

Lesson Nine A. Preparation Stage 189 1. Manual del Instructor 197 B. Etapa Principal 199 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 203 a. Tii taje? iQue quieres? b. Waje puaq. Quiero dinero. 2. Memorizacion (2) 205 a. Taj Taat Waan juun Taat Waan quiere una mansaan nuch. manzana pequena. b. Atzun weeye, waje juun Y yo, yo quiero una matiij. grande. XI. Lesson Ten A. Preparation Stage 207 1. Manual del Instructor 215 B. Etapa Principal 217 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 219 a. Tiiqu7n mii taj Taat iPor que no quiere Taat Cheep tu7n taq'naan? Cheep trabajar? b. Taj tu7n ttaan. Quiere dormir. 2. Memorizacion (2) 22H a. Tii taj ju xjaal weeye? £Que quiere la persona de mi? b. Taj tu7n tyoolin tuuk'ile. Quiere hablar contigo. 3. Memorizaci6n (3) 228 a. A17uuk'il qaj tu7n iCon quie*n queremos (inc) qaq'naan? trabajar? b. Qaj tu7n qaq'naan Queremos trabajar con el tuuk'il ajkaal. alcalde.

XII. Lesson Eleven A. Preparation Stage 229 1. Manual del Instructor 235 B. Etapa Principal 237 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 2^0 a. Tajceye tu7n tk'aane iQuieres tomar atole? q'ootj? b. Mii7ni Maas ngaaniye No, quiero tomar cafe tu7n nk'aane maara kapee. negro. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 2l+3 a. Alcee taj tu7n tloon iQuien quiere comer lo7j seeda? bananas? b. Wajel N7eel nk'u7je. Yo quiero. Tengo hambre.

XIII. Lesson Twelve A. Preparation Stage 2^5 1. Manual del Instructor 251 B. Etapa Principal 253 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 253 a. Waje tu7n nloone peero Quiero comer pero no hay nti7 lobj. fruta. b. Qa n7eel tk'u7je, at Si tienes hambre, hay traasna ta7 chii'7. durazno alii. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) a. Waje tu7n nloone, Quiero comer, pero no peero nti7 npuaaqe. tengo dinero. b. Qa taje tu7n twaa7ne Si quieres comer, hay at waabj ta7 chii7. comida alii.

XIV. Lesson Thirteen A. Preparation Stage 26l 1. Manual del Instructor 269 B. Etapa Principal 271 Memorizaci6n (l) 2TU a. Taje waaTne? iQuieres coiner? b. Waaje! Waje chiinvaaTne Si, quiero comer contigo. tuuk'ile. Memorizaci6n (2) 276 a. MaqowaaTne tjaa qchmaane Comimos en la casa de maac'. nuestro abuelo hoy. b. Aaxpetook? £De veras? a. Maai Si.

XV. Lesson Fourteen A. Preparation Stage 279 1. Manual del Instructor 285 B. Etapa Principal 287 1. Memorizacion (l) 289 a. Mabaj nkoojone tu7n Tu vaca comio mi milpa. twaakaxe. b. Miiaa7 weeye nwaakaxe La vaca no es mia, sino siino tee Taat Waan. de Taat Waan. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 293 a. Tii nba ceeye? iQue estan haciendo? b. Nqo7aq'naane. Estamos (exc) trabajando.

XVI. Lesson Fifteen A. Preparation Stage 295 1. Manual del Instructor 305 B. Etapa Principal 307 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 309 a. Tiiqu7n caje che7xe? iPor que quieren Uds. ir? b. Qaje tu7n qxi7ye qjaaye Nosotros queremos ir a tu7n qtaane. nuestra casa para dormir. 2. Memorizacion (2) 313 a. Jatumel machi7ye? £A donde vas? b. Machiinxe tu tnam. Voy al pueblo. 3. Memorizacion (3) 317 a. Mapeqo7x aq'naal ja71o? iVamos a trabajar ahora? b. Ookl Maqotx ju71il Si, vamos a limpiar milpa. kjo7n.

XVII. Lesson Sixteen A. Preparation Stage 319 1. Manual del Instructor 327 B. Etapa Principal 329 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 331 a. Jnic' oor nchiipoone iA que~ hora llegan a Chna7jal? Huehuetenango? b. Nqopoone tee laas siinko. Llegamos a las cinco. 2. Memorizacion (2) 337 a. Jte7 q'iij npoone tu7n iEn cuantos dias llegas tqane Choljuub? a pie a Quezaltenango? b. Nchiinpoon tu ooxe Llego en tres dias. q'iij. XVIII. Lesson Seventeen A. Preparation Stage 3**1 1. Manual del Instructor 3^9 B. Etapa Principal 351 1. Memorizacion 355 a. TiiquTn matzaaj tchuu7ye? iPor que- vino tu mama? b. Matzaaj k'aayil xbaalun Vino para vender ropa tu plaas. en la plaza.

XIX. Lesson Eighteen A. Preparation Stage 357 1. Manual del Instructor 367 B. Etapa Principal 369 1. Memorizacion (l) 372 a. Mapechi7 Gonsaalo awaal £Va a ir Gonzalo a sem- kjo7n? brar milpa? b. Saveer qa machi7. A saber si £l va a ir. Qaaninxe tee. Preguntale a el. 2. Memorizacion (2) 375 a. Qaaninxe tee Gonsaalo Preguntale a Gonzalo si qa taj'chi7 tu tnam quiere ir al pueblo con quuk'ile. nosotros (exc). b. Mii taj tu7nju n7aq'naan. No quiere porque esta tra- bajando.

XX. Lesson Nineteen A. Preparation Stage 377 1. Manual del Instructor 385 B. Etapa Principal 387 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 388 a. Tzaajtq'o7n(e) tpuaaqe iMe diste tu dinero a mi weeye eew? ayer? b. Ooi Si. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 393 a. Xi7nyek'in(e) wamiiweye £Te presente mi amiga teeye eew? ayer? b. Nti7I Yek'intzchine No, presentamela ahora. weeye ja71o.

XXI. Lesson Twenty A. Preparation Stage 395 1. Manual del Instructor ^03 B. Etapa Principal ^05 1. Memorizacidn ^10 a. Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, Cuando vienes aqui, trae q'iintz(e) tpuaaqe ex tu dinero y entregalo a q'oonxe tee Taat Waan. Taat Waan. b. Nti7 npuaaqe txi7nq'o7ne No tengo dinero para dar tee Taat Waan. a Taat Waan.

XXII. Lesson Twenty-One A. Preparation Stage Ul3 1. Manual del Instructor ^25 B. Etapa Principal 1*27 1. Memorizacion (l) 1*30 a. Tii kbajel teeye jaTlo? iQue vas a hacer ahora? b. Ok tuul wamiiweye, qoxeele Cuando viene mi amigo, saqchaal peloot. vamos a jugar pelota. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 1*33 a. Jakpechi7ye saqchaal iPuedes ir a jugar pelota peloot quuk'ile? con nosotros (exc)? b. Saveer. KxeelnqaaTnine A saber. Preguntare a mi tee nmaane qa jakchiinxe. padre si puedo ir.

XXIir. Lesson Twenty-Two A. Preparation Stage ..... U37 1. Manual del Instructor Ui+9 B. Etapa Principal 1*51 1. Memorizacion (l) 1*53 a. Ba7npe yooline tuj maam? iSabes hablar en mam? b. Noq ch'iin ba7n wu7ne. Solo un poquito se. 2. Memorizacidn (2) 1*59 a. Alcee maas ba7n chmoon, AQuien sabe tejer mejor, Naan Liina exqa Naan Waana? Naan Liina o Naan Waana? b. Maas ba7n chmoon Naan Naan Liina sabe tejer mejor Liina twitz Naan Waana. que Naan Waana.

XXIV. Lesson Twenty-Three A. Preparation Stage l*6l 1. Manual del Instructor 1*69 B. Etapa Principal 1+71 1. Memorizacion (l) 1+73 a. Tza7n tteen tu7n npoone iC6mo puedo llegar al tu tnam? pueblo? b. At juun kamioneet n7ic' Hay una camioneta que pasa tzaluu7 tee laas siinko. por aqui a las cinco. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) a. Tza7n tteen tu7n waq'naane iC6mo puedo trabajar si hay qa at nim q'iij? mucho (demasiado) sol? b. Qa at nim q'iij, tooktze Si hay mucho (demasiado) sol, tuuja wuuk'ile. entra adentro conmigo.

XXV. Lesson Twenty-Four A. Preparation Stage !+79 1. Manual del Instructor 1+87 B. Etapa Principal *+89 1. Memorizaci6n ^+92 a. Machi7aaje awaal kjo7n? , iFuiste a sembrar milpa? b. Maal Machiinx7aaje Si, yo fui con mi hermanito. tuuk'il wiitz'ine.

XXVI. Lesson Twenty-Five A. Preparation Stage ^95 1. Manual del Instructor . . . • 501 B. Etapa Principal 503 1. Memorizaci6n 505 a. TiiquTn nlaabin Taat Ceel? iPor que esta. maravillado Taat Ceel? b. Nlaabin ci7j aamq1 xjaal Esta maravillado por la maaTchuul. ' gente extranjera que lleg6.

XXVII. Lesson Twenty-Six A. Preparation Stage 507 1. Manual del Instructor 519 B. Etapa Principal 521 1. Memorizacion (l) 521,522 a. Ju xiinaq suul maac' tee El hombre que vino (llego priim mawaaTn quuk'ile. aqui) hoy por la manana comio con nosotros. b. Qa kwaa71 tee qaa71e Si el comera con Uds. esta cuuk'ile, waje tu7n ttzaaj- tarde quiero que me lo tyek'ine weeye. presentes. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 528 a. A17uuk'il xi7aaje tu iCon quien fuiste a la kantiina? cantina? b. Tuuk'il Waan Lops xiinx7aaje, Es con Waan Lops que fui, Taat, peero nti7 xiink'aane Papa, pero no tome aguardiente. q'e7n.

XXVIII. Lesson Twenty-Seven A. Preparation Stage 531 1. Manual del Instructor 537 B. Etapa Principal 539 1. Memorizaci6n 5^-2 a. Tza7n tteen tz'iibbiltee iC6mo se escribe la palabra ju yool k'ooj? k'ooj? b. Cja7 tteen tz'iibbiltee Se escribe asi: k'ooj. cja7: k'ooj.

XXIX. Lesson Twenty-Eight . A. Preparation Stage 5^3 1. Manual del Instructor 553 B. Etapa Principal 555 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 557 a. Tii n7ajbee7ne ju maacina iPara que se usa esta luu7? maquina? b. N7ajbeen tee tz'iibbil. Se usa para escribir. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 56l a. Tii n7ajbee7n jkinn tu7ne? iPara que usas aquella (cosa)? b. N7ajbeen tee tz'iibbile La uso para escribir palabras. yool.

XXX. Lesson Twenty-Nine A. Preparation Stage 5^3 1. Manual del Instructor 573 B. Etapa Principal 575 1. Memorizacion 578 a. Ilti7j poospar tee k'oopbil Necesito un fosforo para nq'aaq'e. encender mi fuego. b. Ilti7j tu7n txi7ye tu tnam Tienes que ir al pueblo para laq'ol tee. comprarlos.

XXXI. Lesson Thirty A. Preparation Stage 579 1. Manual del Instructor 587 B. Etapa Principal 589 1. Memorizacion (l) 591 a. Ba7npun saqchbil nchajbeen Los muchachos usan muchas tee saqchabl cu7n ku7xun. cosas para jugar. ^. b. At trasoone. Peloot, chiira, Tienes raz6n. Pelota, chira, rampo7n—aaqetzun juunjunju. trompo son unas. 2. Memorizacion (2) 59^ a. Tii n7a,3bee7ne jluu7? iPara que se usa esto? b. N7ajbeen tee cheebl kapee. Se usa para moler cafe.

XXXII. Lesson Thirty-One A. Preparation Stage 597 1. Manual del Instructor 609 B. Etapa Principal 6ll 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 6l6 a. Aaye xi71oon tee nlo7ye iEres tu que comiste mi mansaan. manzana? b. Miiaa7 qiine xiinxloon No soy yo quien la comi6. Es tee. Aa Taat Waan xi71oon Taat Waan que la comi6. tee. 2. Memorizaci6n (2) 6l9 a. Alceeqe e7x7aaj poomil JQuienes son los que fueron eew? ' a hacer costumbres ayer? b. Aaqo7ye o7x7aaj. Somos nosotros (exc) los que fuimos.

XXXIII. Lesson Thirty-Two A. Preparation Stage 621 1. Manual del Instructor 629 B. Etapa Principal 631 1. Memorizaci6n (l) 633 a. A17ee maniiya xjaatztlaku7ne? iDe quien es la manilla que arrancaste? b. Tee nmaane. De mi papa. 2, Memorizaci6n (2) 636 a. Tiitqal jaawtsch'i7ne tu iQue leiste en la clase klaase eew? ayer? b. Jaawnsch'iTne juun liivru Lei un libro muy interesante nim tokleen nyoolin ci7j que habla de los naturales. naturaal. XXXIV. Lesson Thirty-Three A. Preparation Stage 637 1. Manual del Instructor 6U5 B. Etapa Principal 6H7 1. Memorizacion 650 a. Ja ta7 nch'ooke? iD6nde esta mi azad6n? b. 0okxwii7ne tuuja. Lo lleve adentro de la casa.

XXXV. Lesson Thirty-Four A. Preparation Stage 653 1. Manual del Instructor 663 B. Etapa Principal 665 1. Memorizacion 668 a. Tiiqu7n ooktii71in iPor que regafiaste a tu tc'aajele eew? hijo ayer? b. Tu7nju mii txileen aq'naal Por no ir a trabajar conmigo. wuuk'ile.

XXXVI. Appendix A - Short Dialogs and Useful Expressions 669 A. Entre las Lecciones Una y Cinco 671 1. Greetings 671 B. Entre las Lecciones Cinco y Diez 672 1. La Alimentacion ' 672 C. Entre las Lecciones Diez y Quince 672 1. Las Ventas 672 D. Entre las Lecciones Quince y Veinte 673 1. Las Ventas 673 2. La Alimentacion 673 3. La Agricultura 671* h. Variaciones de Ja 675 E. Entre las Lecciones Veinte y Veinticinco 676 1. La Alimentacion 676 2. La Agricultura 677 3. Las Tareas 678 h. La Obediencia 679 F. Entre las Lecciones Veinticinco y Treinta 680 1. La Alimentaci6n 680 2. La Agricultura 680 3. Las Ventas 68l k. El Alcalde 683 5. La Cooperativa 683 6. El Tiempo 683 7. Mas de la Alimentaci6n . . . 68U 8. Mas de la Agricultura 68U 9. El Trabajo 687 10. En la Cooperativa 688 11. Herramientos para Hacer Casas 688 12. Un Viaje a Guatemala 689 13. La Venta de un Poncho 690 ik. Los Quehaceres de Casa 690 15. Pidiendo un Favor 691 16. El Temascal 691 IT. Mandatos 692

XXXVII. Appendix B - Texts and Stories 695 A. Cuentos Acerca de los Animales 697 1. Juun LooTro Prees, "El Loro Preso" 697 2. Juun Tqaniil Ci7j Snic ex Juun Xaal, "Un Cuento Acerca de Las Hormigas y una Cigarra" 698 3. Ju Tal Xic ex ju Labaj, "El Conejito y la Culebra" .... 699 k. Ck'ujlaalil Chuu7baj, "El Amor Maternal" 700 5. Juun Tqaniil Ti7j Juun Woo7 ex Juun Xaal, "Un Cuento Acerca de un Sapo y una Rana" 702 6. Juun Woo7 ex Juun Waakx, "Un Sapo y una Vaca" 10h 7. Juun Xic ex Juun Xi7wil, "Un Cone jo y un Zorro" 706 8. Ba7nce Jiil Chiiyoolin, "Los Animales Hablan" 713 B. Joyas Pequenas 71^ 1. Adivinanza llh 2. Juun Tqaniil Cu7n Xjaal Ti7j Kaamic, "Un Cuento de la Muerte por la Gente" Ilk 3. Tee Bajsbil Tnej Tee Juun Kaart, "Para Terminar una Carta". 7l't h. Xaqulwaakx, "El Torero" Jlh 5. Tzmal Wibaj , "El Cabello" 715 6. Amiiwe ex. Ajq'ooj, "Amigo y Enemigo" 715 C. Sobre la Crea.ci6n de Muchas Cosas 716 1. Juun Tqaniil Cu7n Ojchi Xjaal Ti7j Tza7n Tteen Iipoq'le Moos, "Un Cuento de los Antepasados Acerca de Como Fueron Nacidos los Ladinos" 716 2. Juun Tqaniil Ci7j Kabe Xmaax, "Un Cuento Acerca de Dos Monos"720 3. Kuaanto Qe Xmaax Ojchi Xjaalqece, "Cuando los Monos Antes Eran Personas" 721 k. Ti7j Ctzaajleen Jiil, "De la Creaci6n de los Animales" . . 722 5. Juun Tqaniil Ci7j Xtze71ajkuch, "Un Cuento Acerca de los Babirusas" 725 6. Qe Ju Xo7j, "Los Coyotes" 727 7. Ti7j Ttzaajleen Axi7n, "La Creacion del Maiz" 730 8. Ja Tzaaje Axi7n, "De Donde Vino el Maiz" 733 D. Lo que se Extrafia a Uno 7^0 1. K'um Tbii Wibaj, "La Cabeza Se Llama un Ayote 7^0 2. Ju Woo7: Txu7jel Q'ancooq, "El Sapo: Esposa del Trueno" . 7^0 3. Ju Q'eq—Juun Jiil Miiaa7xix 0jtzqi7n, "El Q'eq—un Animal no Muy Conocido" 7^3 k. Waan Tiij ex Waan Nutz', "Juan Grande y Juancito" 751 5. Juun Tqaniil Ci7j Kuleelun, "Un Cuento Acerca de los Na- guales T58 E. Relaciones Verdaderas Acerca de los Tiempos Pasados 759 1. Ictza7n Tteen A7 Ojchi Teej Tuul Nnable, "Como Estaba el Agua Antes Cuando Tuve mi Normalidad" 759 2. Teej Tkub Tza7j , "Cuando Cay6 la Ceniza" 760 3. Tza7j, "La Ceniza" 762 F. De la Vida y de la Religi6n 765 1. Teej Xiitzaaje Xjaal Ojchi, "Cuando Vivia la Gente Antes" . 765 2. Ju Ntbincha7n Chmaan, "Lo Que Hace el Chiman" 767 3. Ju Ch'iaan Tiij ex ju Koyoot, "El Perro Viejo y el Coyote". 770 XXXVIII. Appendix C - Dictionary 771 A. Mam - Spanish - English Key 773 B. Mam - Spanish - English 775 C. Spanish - Mam - English 826 771 Lesson One 773 775 826 PREPARATION STAGE

INSTRUCTIONS: In this first tape-program you will learn a few instructions so that you will not need English in the classroom. Don't worry about the spelling or pronunciation at first, just learn to understand.

Listen to the following word:

1. ( ) ( )

This word is a plural imperative which means listen (literally: listen here) (Spanish: 'escuchen Cpor aquiH'*).

Say the English equivalent as you listen to it again:

listen ChereH 2. ( ) ( )

When you hear this instruction what are you listen expected to do?

Now you will be given a series of different syllables. You will be instructed in Mam what to do with them. Pay close attention: ( ) ( ) ( ) a b c

*It is characteristic of many verb expressions in Mam to include an indi- cation of the direction of action in respect to the speaker or person ad- dressed. Listen to the following expressions:

1». ( ) ( )

This means 'again'.

Say the English equivalent as you listen to it: again 5. ( ) ( )

Do what you are instructed to do with the fol- lowing series of syllables: 6. ( ) ( ), ( ) ( ), ( ) ( ) a b c d e f

Listen to the following word: 7. ( ) ( )

This means 'say it Cin this direction^', (in Spanish: 'diganlo Cpor aquiH').

Say the English equivalent as you listen to it again: say it 8. ( ) ( )

Review the expressions you have learned. Say the English equivalent as you hear each expression. listen 9. ( ) again ( ) say it ( ) say it again ( ) listen again ( )

Now you will be given a series of syllables and instructions of what to do with them.

10. ()()()(), abed

e f g h ()()()() i i k 1

Listen to the following word:

11. ( ) ( ) This means write it (down), (in Spanish: escribanlo Cpor bajoU).

Say the English equivalent as you listen to it again:

write it down 12. ( ) ( )

Which of the following means write it (down), a or b?

13. ( ) ( ) a b Which of the following means say it tin this direction]?

1U. ( ) ( ) a b

Which of the following means listen Cin this direction]?

15. ( ) ( ) a b

Which of the following means again?

16. ( ) ( ) a b

Which of the following means say it again^

17. ( ) ( ) a b

Say the English equivalent as you hear each of the following expressions: listen 18. again listen again say it say it again write it down write it down again This time match the English and Mam equivalents looking at the written representation:

1. write it down a. cmaantze

2. say it b. cbiintze

3. again c. juun majtl

U. listen d. ctz'iibinkuye

Study the written representation of the Mam words.

Now you will be given a new word and instruc- tions regarding it. Pay close attention:

19. ()()()() abed

This word means good or it's good, or fine or it's fine. It is spelled ba7n. Take careful note of that spelling. Now listen to and follow the instructions. Think of the mean- ing.

20. ()()()() ba7n baTn abed

Now another new expression, miiaa7 ba7n, which means no good or it's no good. Note what it means and how it is spelled, then listen and follow instructions.

miiaaT ba7n 21. ()()()()()() miiaaT ba7n a b c d e f To review again, which of the following means 'listen'?

22. (cmaantze) (cbiintze) a b

Take note again of the spelling.

Which of the following means say it^

23. (ctz'iibinkuye) (cmaantze) a b

Take note again of the spelling.

Which of the following means write it down?

2h . (ctz'iibinkuye) (juun majtl) a b

Take note again of the spelling.

Which of the following means again?

25. (miiaa7 ba7n) (juun majtl) a b

Take a few moments now to review the words you have had. Write the English equivalents.

listen ChereD cbiintze

say it cmaantze write it down ctz'iibinkuye

again juun majtl good ba7n no good miiaaT baTn

Follow the instructions carefully.

26. ()()() miiaa7 baTn a b c

Here is another needed expression:

27. ( ) ( ) This means the word or the expression. It is spelled ju yool. 'Cmaantze ju yool bajji' means 'say in this direction the word baj_n' . What Write down the word does ctz'iibinkuye ju yool cmaantze mean? cmaantze.

Say the English equivalent of each of the fol- lowing expressions:

say the word ba7n 28. ( ) write the word ba7n ( ) write the word ( ) cmaantze say the word ( ) cbiintze

Listen and follow directions carefully:

29. ( ) ( ) ( ) cbiintze ( )

One more expression:

30. ( ) ( )

This is spelled tii ntmaTn. Tii means 'what', and ntma7n means 'it says'. Tii ntmaTn means 'what does it say?' or 'what does it mean?'

The first dialog you will learn is immediately and crucially functional. You will use it many times a day beginning at once. The Spanish equivalent is:

A. iC6mo se dice la palabra baTn en castellano?

B. La palabra baTn se dice 'esta bien' en cas- tellano.

Now listen to it in Mam:

31. A. ( )

B. ( )

Now listen and follow along the written repre- sentation of it. Keep in mind what it means.

32. A. Tii ntmaTn ju yo-1 baTn tu.1 kastiy?

B. Ju yool baTn ntmaTn 'esta bien' tuj kastiy. Listen to a variant of it which you should understand by the second time through.

33. A. ( )

B. ( )

Listen and follow along the written representa- tion of it.

3k. A. Tii ntma7n ju yool ba7n tuj inglees?

B. Ju yool baTn ntma7n 'it's good' tuj inglees,

Here is another variant that you will probably understand without difficulty:

35. A. ( )

B. ( )

Listen and follow along the written representa- tion of it.

36. A. Tii ntmaTn ju yool bueno tuj maam?

B. Ju yool bueno ntmaTn 'baTn' tuj maam. 10 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. cbiintze (2)

2. cbiintze (2)

3. cbiintze: (a) a7 (b) aj (c) a

h. juun majtl (2)

5. juun majtl (2)

6. (a) cbiintze: a7 (b) juun majtl: a7

(c) cbiintze: aj (d) juun majtl: aj

(e) cbiintze: a (f) juun majtl: a

7. cmaantze (2)

8. cmaantze (2)

9. (a) cbiintze (b) juun majtl

(c) cmaantze (d) cmaantze juun majtl

(e) cbiintze juun majtl

10. (a) cbiintze: a7 (b) cbiintze juun majtl: a7

(c) cmaantze: a7 (d) cmaantze juun majtl: a7

(e) cbiintze: aj (f) cbiintze juun majtl: aj

(g) cmaantze: aj (h) cmaantze juun majtl: aj

(i) cbiintze: a (j ) cbiintze juun majtl: a_

(k) cmaantze: a (l) cmaantze juun majtl: a

11. ctz'iibinkuye (2)

12. ctz'iibinkuye (2)

13. (a) cmaantze (b) ctz'iibinkuye lU. (a) cbiintze (b) cmaantze

11 15. (a) cmaant ze (b) cbiintze

16. (a) juun majtl (b) cmaantze

IT. (a) cmaantze juun majtl (b) ctz'iibinkuye juun majtl

18. (a) cbiintze (b) juun majtl (c) cbiintze juun majtl

(d) cmaant ze (e) cmaantze juun majtl

(f) ctz'iibinkuye (g) ctz'iibinkuye juun majtl

19. (a) cbiintze: ba?n (b) cbiintze juun majtl: ba7n

(c) cmaantze: ba7n (d) cmaantze juun majtl: baTn

20. (a) cbiintze: ba7n

(b) cmaantze: ba7n

(c) ctz'iibinkuye: ba7n

(d) ctz'iibinkuye juun majtl: ba7n

21. (a) cbiintze: miiaa7 ba7n (b) cbiintze juun majtl: miiaa7 ba7n

(c) cmaantze: miiaa7 ba7n (d) cmaantze juun majtl: miiaa7 ba7n

(e) ctz'iibinkuye: mjiaa7 ba7n (f) ctz'iibinkuye juun majtl: miiaa7 ba7n

22. (a) cmaantze (b) cbiintze

23. (a) ctz'iibinkuye (b) cmaantze

2k. (a) ctz'iibinkuye (b) juun majtl

25. (a) miiaa7 ba7n (b) juun majtl

26. (a) cbiintze: miiaa7 ba7n (b) ctz'iibinkuye: miiaaT ba7n

(c) cmaantze: miiaa7 ba7n

27. ju yool (2)

28. cmaantze ju yool ba7n

ctz'iibinkuye ju yool ba7n

ctz'iibinkuye ju yool cmaantze

12 cmaantze ju yool cbiintze

29. cmaantze ju yool ba7n

ctz'iibinkuye ju yool ba7n

cmaantze ju yool miiaa7 ba7n ctz'iibinkuye ju yool cbiintze

30. tii ntma7n (2)

31. 32. A. Tii ntma7n ju yool bajn tuj kastiy?

B. Ju yool ba7n ntma7n 'esta bien' tuj kastiy?

33, 31*. A. Tii ntma7n ju yool baj_n tuj inglees?

B. Ju yool bajn ntma7n 'it's good' tuj inglees,

35, 36. A. Tii ntma7n ju yool 'bueno' tuj maam?

B. Ju yool 'bueno' ntma7n bajn tuj maam.

13 1U Leccion Una

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Practica

Practicamente estos ejercicios sirven como ejer- cicios de comprensi6n, o sea para poner en uso inmediato las tres expresiones, CBIINTZE, CMAANTZE, CTZ'IIBINKUYE, asi como tambien las frases, JU" YOOL, JUUN MAJTL, y las palabras BATN y MIIAAT BA7N, pa- labras que ya estan al alcance de los estudiantes. cbiintze El primero de los tres ejercicios sirve para la practica de escuchar solamente. El instructor aj dice: CBIINTZE y lee la palabra indicada. (Su- aT ponemos que los estudiantes entienden y que no aa dicen nada, sino solamente lo que escuchan.) cbiintze - cmaantze El segundo ejercicio sirve para la practica de escuchar y repetir una palabra. Este ejercicio procede exactamente como el anterior, pero ademas de hacerles escuchar a los estudiantes, el instruc- tor les hace repetir en coro y despues individual- mente, pudiendo usar en esto los pronombres AAYA y AAQEYE o CCAQIILE, indicando a quien toca repe- tir. Debe decirles BA7N o MIIAAT BATN cuando tratan de imitar la pronunciacion nativa. cbiintze - cmaantze El ultimo ejercicio procede exactamente como los dos anteriores, pero esta vez se les hace escribir ctz'iibinkuye la palabra una o varias veces.

15 Ciclo 1 modelo 1

Ju yool ba7n ntma7n 'esta bien' La palabra baTn se dice tuj kastiy. 'esta bien' en castellano.

Manipulacion cbiintze - cmaantze tuj kastiy ntmaTn ntma7n 'esta bien' ntma7n 'esta bien' tuj kastiy ba7n ntma7n 'esta bien' tuj kastiy ju yool ba7n ju yool ba7n ntma7n 'esta bien' tuj kastiy,

sustitucion

Maestro Estudiante

'esta bien' tuj kastiy ba7n tuj maam

'no esta bien1 tuj kastiy miiaa7 ba7n tuj maam

'otra vez' tuj kastiy juun majtl tuj maam

ba7n tuj maam 'esta bien' tuj kastiy

miiaa7 ba7n tuj maam 'no esta bien' tuj kastiy

juun majtl tuj maam 'otra vez' tuj kastiy

16 sustitucion ju yool baTn Ju yool baTn ntmaTn 'esta bien' tuj kastiy.

ju yool miiaaT baTn Ju yool miiaaT baTn ntmaTn 'no esta bien' tuj kastiy.

ju yool juun majtl Ju yool juun majtl ntmaTn 'otra vez' tuj kastiy.

ju yool baTn Ju yool baTn ntmaTn 'esta' bien' tuj kastiy. modelo 2

Tii ntmaTn ju yool baTn tuj iComo se dice la palabra kastiy? baTn en castellano?

cbiintze - cmaantze

tii

ntmaTn

tii ntmaTn

tii ntmaTn ju yool baTn

tii ntmaTn ju yool baTn tuj kastiy

sustitucion

ju yool baTn Tii ntmaTn ju yool baTn tuj kastiy?

ju yool miiaaT baTn Tii ntmaTn ju yool miiaaT baTn tuj kastiy?

ju yool juun majtl Tii ntmaTn ju yool juun majtl tuj kastiy?

sustituci6n

tuj kastiy Tii ntmaTn ju yool baTn tuj kastiy?

tuj inglees Tii ntmaTn ju yool baTn tuj inglees?

tuj maam Tii ntmaTn ju yool baTn tuj maam?

IT memorizaci6n

A. Tii ntmaTn ju yool ba7n tuj kastiy?

B. Ju yool ba7n ntmaTn 'esta bien' tuj kastiy.

extrapolacion

A. Tii ntma7n ju yool 'no est£ iC6mo se dice 'no esta" bien' bien' tuj maam? en mam?

B. Ju yool 'no esta bien' ntma7n 'No esta bien' se dice miiaa7 miiaa7 ba7n tuj maam. ba7n en mam.

sustitucion ju yool 'no esta bien' Ju yool 'no esta" bien' ntma7n miiaa7 ba7n tuj maam. ju yool 'esta bien' Ju yool 'estfi bien' ntma7n ba7n tuj maam.

ju yool 'otra vez' Ju yool 'otra vez' ntma7n juun majtl tuj maam.

Aplicaci6n preguntas

1. Ju yool 'esta bien' ntma7n ba7n tuj maam. Tii ntma7n ju yool 'no esta bien'?

2. Tii ntma7n ju yool miiaa7 ba7n tuj inglees?

3. Ju yool 'escuchen' ntma7n cbiintze tuj maam. Tii ntma7n ju yool 'diganlo'?

k. Tii ntma7n ju yool cmaantze tuj inglees?

5. Tii ntma7n ju yool cbiintze tuj inglees?

6. Tii ntma7n ju yool 'otra vez' tuj maam?

18 actividad (Los estudiante le preguntaran al maestro:)

1. Tii ntmaTn ju yool 'usted' tuj maam?

(Maestro, escribiendo la palabra): Ju yool 'usted' ntma7n aaya tuj maam.

2. Tii ntma7n ju yool ' sefior' tuj maam?

(Maestro): Ju yool 'sefior' ntma7n taat tuj maam.

3. Tii ntma7n ju yool 'senora' tuj maam?

(Maestro): Ju yool 'sefiora' ntma7n naan tuj maam. h. Tii ntma7n ju yool 'miren esto' tuj maam?

(Maestro): Ju yool 'miren esto' ntma7n ckiintze jluu7 tuj maam.

(Los estudiantes seguiran preguntando que significan las siguientes expre- siones en mam:)

1. silla 9. esto

2. la silla 10. miren esto

3. una silla_ 11. e'sta es una casa h. mesa 12. miren la casa

5. la mesa 13. e'sta no es una casa

6. una mesa_ 1U. miren la casa (all£)

7. casa 15. buenos dfas_

8. puerta_ 16. gracias

Aplicaci6*n preguntas

1. Ju yool ba7n ntma7n 'esta bien' tuj kastiy. Tii ntma7n ju yool miiaa7 ba7n?

2. Tii ntma7n ju yool miiaa7 ba7n tuj inglees?

19 3. Ju yool cmaantze ntma7n 'diganlo' tuj kastiy. Tii ntma7n ju yool cmaantze tuj inglees? h. Ju yool cbiintze ntmaTn 'escuchenlo' tuj kastiy. Tii ntma7n ju yool cbiintze tuj inglees? actividad (Los estudiantes le preguntaran al maestro:)

1. Tii ntma7n ju yool aaya tuj kastiy?

(Maestro): Ju yool aaya ntma7n 'usted' tuj kastiy.

2. Tii ntma7n ju yool mees tuj kastiy?

(Maestro): Ju yool mees ntma7n 'mesa' tuj kastiy.

3. Tii ntma7n ju yool twi7 mees tuj kastiy?

(Maestro): Ju yool twi7 mees ntma7n 'sobre la mesa' tuj kastiy. h. Tii ntma7n ju yool twi7 siiya tuj kastiy?

(Maestro): Ju yool twi7 siiya ntma7n 'sobre la silla1 tuj kastiy.

20 Demostracidn Grfifica para Comprension Pasiva

La cinta serfi escuchada en la clase y el maestro gesticulardL (mimicas) o de cualquier manera representara' lo expresado por la cinta. La trans- cripci6n en mam y su equivalente en espanol son dadas como referencias a los estudiantes. Los estudiantes no deberan ver la parte en espanol ni antes ni durante la presentaci6n. El maestro dir£ a los estudiantes que solamente deberan estar escuchando y mirando, sin traducir lo que oyeren. Y tambien, que bajo ninguna circunstancia deberan suplicar respuestas ni hacer preguntas sobre la presentaci6n. Aiin no podra hacerse la pregunta "iQue quiere decir...?"

Ckiintze jluuT. Miren esto (por aqui). AjluuT juun liivro. Este es un libro. Juun liivro. Un libro.

Ckiintze jluu7. Miren esto. Ajluu7 juun yees. Este es un yeso. Juun yees. Un yeso.

AjluuT miiaa7 juun liivro, siino Este no es un libro, sino un juun yees. yeso. Ajluu7 miiaaT Juun yees, siino Este no es un yeso, sino un juun liivro. libro.

Ckiintze ju liivro. Miren (aqui) el libro, Ckiintze ju yees. Miren (aqui) el yeso.

Ckiintze jluu7. Miren esto. Ajluu7 juun mees, Esta es una mesa. Juun mees. Una mesa.

Ajluu7 juun jaa. Juun jaa. Esta es una casa. Una casa. Ex jluu7 juun tleemel jaa. Juun Y esta es una puerta. Una tleemel jaa. puerta.

Ajluu7 miiaa7 juun mees, siino Esta no es una mesa, sino una juun tleemel jaa. puerta. Ajluu7 miiaa7 juun tleemel jaa. Esta no es una puerta, sino siino juun mees. una mesa.

Liivro. Yees. Mees. Jaa. Libro, yeso, mesa, casa, puerta. Tleemel Jaa.

Tii ntma7n ju yool tleemel jaa iQue significa la expresi.<5n tuj kastiy? tleemel jaa en castellano? Ntma7n 'puerta'. Significa 'puerta'. Ex tii ntmaTn ju yool jaa tuj iY que significa la palabra jaa kastiy? en castellano? Ntma7n 'casa'. Significa 'casa'.

21 10. Ckiintze ju liivro. Ckiinxe Miren el libro aqui. Miren ju liivro. el libro alia. Ckiintze ju yees. Ckiinxe ju Miren el yeso aqui. Miren yees. el yeso all£. Ckiintze ju mees. Ckiinxe ju Miren la mesa aqui. Miren mees. la mesa alia.

11. Ckiinxe ju tleemel jaa. Miren la puerta all£. Machiinxe ti7 tleemel jaa. Voy alia a la puerta. Ckiintze ju tleemel jaa. Miren la puerta aqui.

12. Ckiinxe ju pisarroon. Miren el pizarrdn alia. Machiinxe ti7 pisaroon. Voy alia al pizarr<5n. Ckiintze ju pisarroon. Miren el pizarr6n aqui.

13. Ckiinxe ju mees. Miren la mesa alia. Machiinxe tiT mees. Voy allS a la mesa.

Ik. Aape mees jluuT? £Es e*sta (una) mesa? Aatzunjut Aatzun mees ju. Sf, e"sta es (una) mesa. Aape siiya jluuT? iEs e"sta (una) silla? Aatzunjui Aatzun siiya ju. Sf, ^sta es (una) silla.

15. Aape tleemel jaa ju? £Es una puerta? Mii7nl Aatzun pisarroon ju. No, es ( un) pizarrdn. Aape liivro ju? £Es (un) libro? Mii7n! Aatzun yees Ju. No , es un yeso.

22 Lesson Two

PREPARATION STAGE

refresher

The word for 'listen Cin this direction!' is:

cbiintze

The word for 'write it CdownJ' is:

ctz'iibinkuye

The word for 'say it Cin this direction]' is:

cmaantze

tape program

Which of the following two words means 'listen1?

1. ( ) ( ) a b

Which of the following two words means 'say it'?

2. ( ) ( ) a b

Which of the following two words means 'write it down'?

3. ( ) ( ) a b

23 Cbiintze: h. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze:

5. ( ) ( )

This means 'my tortilla',

Which of these three words means 'my tortilla'? 6. ()()() a b c

The word for 'tortilla' is written muuqin. Lis- ten to it again and associate the sound with the spelling.

7. ( ) ( )

The word for 'my tortilla' is written nmuuqine. Listen to it again and associate the sound with the spelling. ( ) ( )

Follow the taped instructions: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

2k ( ) ( ) muuqin ( ) nmuuqine ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'tortilla' tuj maam:

muuqin

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'my tortilla' tuj maam:

nmuuqine

We have put parentheses around the part that means 'my':

(n)muuqin(e)

The and. the are both necessary to indi- cate 'my'. the

When the word muuqin is possessed in the first person (my), the sound is always prefixed and the sound is always suffixed.

Lth

muuqin - tortilla

(n)muuqin(e) - my tortilla

n...e - my

N...e is an example of a pronoun frame. In this

25 case, the first person singular possessive pro- noun is a pronoun frame. We use the word 'frame1 to remind us that the pronoun is composed of two parts that frame the word being possessed. For example: nmuuqine

The pronoun frame n...e 'my' is used with any possessible noun that begins and ends with a consonant, for example, muuqin. tortilla Tii ntmaTn ju yool muuqin?

N...e is an example of the first person singular my possessive pronoun, meaning .

The following word means 'your tortilla'

10. ( ) ( )

Which of these words means 'your tortilla'?

11. ()()() a b c

The word for 'your tortilla' is written tmuuqine. Listen to and associate the sound with the spel- ling.

12. ( ) ( )

26 Follow the taped instructions:

13. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) muuqin tmuuqine

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'tortilla' tuj maam:

muuqin

The word for 'your tortilla' is:

t, e muuqi n .

The second person singular possessive pronoun is made up of two parts, a prefix and a suffix. With a noun that both begins and ends in a con- sonant, such as muuqin, the frame is t...e.

Laapis, 'pencil' , is a noun that begins and ends in a consonant. Give the Mam equivalents of:

nlaapise my pencil

tlaapise your pencil

ie_. L- Cbiintze:

Ik. ( ) ( )

This means 'his tortilla'

27 Which one means 'his tortilla'?

15. ()()() a b c

The word for 'his tortilla' is written tmuuqin. Listen to it again and associate the sound with the spelling:

16. ( ) ( )

The first word means 'your tortilla' while the second means 'his tortilla':

17. ( ) ( )

Which one means 'his tortilla'?

18. ()()() a b c

Which one means 'your tortilla'?

19. ()()() a b c

Give the Mam equivalents of: nmuuqine my tortilla nlaapise my pencil tmuuqine your tortilla tlaapise your pencil

28 tmuuqin his tortilla tlaapis his pencil

You will notice a number of loan words borrowed from Spanish. These words refer generally to things which are or were, until recently, for- eign to the indigenous Mam culture. Most of the appertinences of the modern classroom are, of course, of this nature.

Follow the taped instructions: 20. ()()() ()()()

The next dialog is very simple. Its Spanish equivalent is:

A. iQue es esto?

B. Esto es tu tortilla.

Cbiintze:

21. A. ( ) ( ) B. ( ) ( )

Associate the sound with the spelling:

22. A. ( ) Tiitqal jluu7? B. ( ) Tmuuqine.

29 As you listen to the tape, imagine yourself pointing to different objects around you and asking what they are.

23. ()()()

Follow the taped instructions:

2k. ( ) ( )

Point to different objects around you and say Tiitqal jluu7? as if asking someone 'what is this?'

Here is another dialog. Its Spanish equiva- lent is:

A. iQue quiere decir esto en castellano: nmuuqine?

B. Esto quiere decir 'mi tortilla'.

Cbiintze:

25. A. ( ) Tii ntma7n jluuT tuj kastiy: nmuuqine?

B. ( ) NtmaTn jluu? 'mi tortilla'.

AL ESTUDIANTE: Please bring to the next class the real article or a reasonable facsimile of the following: 1 tortilla 1 pencil 1 lemon 1 orange

30 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. (a) cbiintze

(b) xjaal

2. (a) jaTlo

(b) cmaantze

3. (a) tjaa

(b) ctz'iibinkuye

h. nmuuqine (2)

5. nmuuqine (2)

6. (a) muuqine (b) nmuuqin (c) nmuuqine

7. muuqin (2)

8. nmuuqine (2)

9. (a) cbiintze: muuqin (2)

(b) cbiintze: nmuuqine (2)

(c) cmaantze: muuqin (2)

(d) cmaantze: nmuuqine (2)

(e) ctz'iibinkuye: muuqin

(f) ctz'iibinkuye: nmuuqine

10. tmuuqine (2)

11. (a) nmuuqine (b) muuqin (c) tmuuqine

12. tmuuqine (2)

13. (a) cbiintze: muuqin (2)

(b) cbiintze: tmuuqine (2)

(c) cmaantze: muuqin (2)

31 (d) cmaantze: tmuuqine (2)

(e) ctz'iibinkuye: muuqin

(f) ctz'iibinkuye: tmuuqine ll*. tmuuqin (2)

15. (a) nmuuqine (b) tmuuqin (c) tmuuqine

16. tmuuqin (2)

17. (a) tmuuqine (b) tmuuqin

18. (a) tmuuqine (b) tmuuqin (c) nmuuqine

19. (a) tmuuqine (b) nmuuqine (c) tmuuqin

20. (a) cbiintze: nlaapise

tlaapise

tlaapis

(b) cmaantze: nlaapise

tlaapise

tlaapis

21. A. Tiitqal jluuT?

B. Tmuuqine.

(juun majtl)

A. Tiitqal jluuT?

B. Tmuuqine.

22. A. Tiitqal jluuT?

B. Tmuuqine.

23. Tiitqal. jluu7 (3)

2k. (a) cmaantze: Tiitqal JluuT?

(b) Juun majtl: Tiitqal Jluu7?

25. Tii ntmaTn Jluu7 tuj kastiy: nmuuqine.

Ntma7n Jluu7 'mi tortilla1.

32 Lesson Two

PRONUNCIATION

Mam has many sounds that should cause little or no problem for the English speaker.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

1. p_ as in ( ) pich (tadpole) v* as in ( ) vaas (glass) m as in ( ) moox (blind) n_ as in ( ) naach (ugly) w .as'in ( ) wix (cat) t_ as in ( ) taan (he slept) d* as in ( ) dioos (God) tz as in ( ) tzatz (thick)

(Although tz_ does not occur initially in English, it does occur medially and finally. You should learn to say tz_ initially with little or no problem.)

s_ as in ( ) siim (reed grass) r as in ( ) rax (raw) ch as in ( ) chiip (goat) x as in ( ) xiil (chair) 1_ as in ( ) laan (wool) £* as in ( ) gaas (gasoline)

*These sounds occur rarely in the language or in Spanish loan words.

Listed below are other Mam sounds which are not quite as parallel to English as the ones given above. Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

b as in ( ) biis (sadness) d'_ as in ( ) d'aal (juice) tz' as in ( ) tz'utz1 (plow) ch' as in ( ) ch'iin (a little) ch' as in ( ) ch'och' (earth) c' as in ( ) c'aj (corn flour) k' as in ( ) k'il (earthen pot) q.' as in ( ) q,'aaq.' (fire)

33 ch as in ( ) chiin (girl) c_ as in ( ) cuw (hard) kr- as in ( ) kinn (that) q_ as in ( ) qaq, (six) j_ as in ( ) jaa (house) x as in ( ) xmaatz (beard, mustache)

The following are the vowel sounds,

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

EI as in A tzaj (pine tree) aa as in ( "tzaaj (to come) i_ as in ( sich' (yell) ii as in ( siich' (cigarette) e_ as in ( bech (flower) ee as in ( tbeech (his flower) o_ as in i( ch'ok (a bird) oo as in ( ch'ook (hoe) u as in ( xtul (ball-shaped object) uu as in ( xtuul (to pump) 7_ as in ( pe7n (outside) 7 as in ( pee7n (corral)

This lesson will specifically concentrate on the differences between k, g_, c_ and j_. The other sounds to be discussed are as follows:

Lesson Three: k1 , tz' , ch1 Lesson Four: x, ch, ch' Lesson Five: b, d', q' , c1 Lesson Six: long ana short vowels

Cbiintze jluu7:

U. ( ) ( ) saq

3k Cbiintze jluuT:

5. ( ) ( ) sak

Listen to the above word pronounced with a q_ and a k_:

6. ( ) saq ( ) sak ( ) saq ( ) sak

Cbiintze ju yool saq:

7. ( ) ( )

Which is saq?

1. ( ) ( ) A B ( ) ( ) A B

Cbiintze ju yool wuq:

9. ( ) ( )

The following words are (the same/different):

10. a. ( ) ( ) different b. ( ) ( )

35 Which word is vruq?

11. ( ) ( ) A B ( ) ( ) A B

Mark an X in the space when either wuq or sag is pronounced:

a. (X) 12. b. (X) c. (X) d. ( ) e. ( ) f. ( ) f. g- (X) g. h. h. (••) i. (X) i. J. (X)

Cmaantze ju yool sag:

13. ( ) ( )

Cmaantze ju yool sak: lU. ( ) ( )

The following word is (sak/saq):

sak 15. ( ) ( )

36 The following word is (wuk/wuq): wuq 16. ( ) ( )

Say 'key'. This would be written cii in Mam. Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool cii:

17. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool kii:

18. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze:

19. ( ) kii ( ) cii ( ) kii ( ) cii

Which of the following is cii?

20. ( ) ( ) A B ( ) ( ) A B

Mark an X in the space if the following words begin with a c.

a. (X) 21. a. ( )

37 (X) b. ( ) ( ) c. ( ) ( ) d. ( ) (X) e. ( )

Cbiintze:

22. ( ) ( ) iik ( ) ( ) iic

Mark an X in the space if the following words begin or end with c. a. (X) 23. b. ( ) b. c. (X) d. ( ) e. ( ) f. (X) f. R. (X) g. h. (X) h. 1. ( ) i. J. ( )

Cbiintze ju yool qii:

2k. ( ) ( )

Compare:

25. ( ) ( ) qii ( ) ( ) kii ( ) ( ) cii

38 Which of the following is qii?

26. ()()() ABC

Which of the following is cii?

27. ()()() ABC

Which of the following is kii?

28. ()()() ABC

Mark either c_, £_, o k to match the letter that the word begins with. a. (q) 29. b. (c) b. c. (o) d. (k) e. la) f. (a) f. R. (o) g- h. (k) h. l. (q) i. 3. (k)

Cbiintze ju yool cee:

30. ( ) ( )

39 Cbiintze:

31. ( ) ( ) cee ( ) ( ) qee ( ) ( ) kee

Which of the following is cee?

32. ()()() ABC

Cbiintze ex cmaantze: 33. ( ) cee ( ) kee ( ) kee ( ) qee ( ) cee ( ) qee

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

3U. ) caa ) kaa ) qaa ) cuu ) kuu ) quu

35. Cbiintze ex ctz'iibinkuye: en a qaa b caa c kii d qoo e

Ho cuu kee qii kaa qee

Ul k2 Manual del Instructor

PRONUNCIACION

(a) pich 6. (a) saq, (b) vaas - (b) sak (c) moox (c) saq (d) naach (d) sak (e) wix (f) taan 7. saq (2) (g) dioos (h) tzatz 8. (a) sak (i) siim (b) saq (j) rax (a) sak (k) chiip (b) saq (1) xiil (m) laan 9- wuq (2) (n) gaas 10. (a) wuq (2) 2. (a) biis (b) wuk (2) (b) d'aal (c) tz'utz' 11. (a) wuq (d) ch'iin (b) wuk (e) ch'och' (a) wuq (f) c;aj (b) wuk (g) k'il (h) q'aaq1 12. (a) wuq (i) chiin (b) saq (i) ciiw (c) s aq (k) kinn (d) wuk (l) qaq (e) sak (m) jaa (f) wuk (n) xmaatz (g) wuq (h) sak (a) tzaj (i) saq (b) tzaaj (j) wuq (c) sich' (d) siich' 13. saq (2) (e) bech (f) tbeech lU. sak (2) (g) ch'ok (h) ch'ook 15. sak (2) (i) xtul (J) xtuul 16. wuq (2) (k) peTn (1) pee7n 17. cii (2)

k. saq (2) 18. kii (2) 5. sak (2) 19. (a) kii (b) cii

k3 (c) kii (g) cii (d) cii (h) kii (i) qii 20. (a) cii Q) kii (b) kii (a) cii 30. cee (2) (b) kii 31. (a) cee (2) 21. (a) cii (b) qee (2) (b) cii (c) kee (2) (c) kii (d) kii 32. (a) cee (e) cii (b) kee (c) qee 22. (a) iik (2) (b) iic (2) 33. (a) cee (b) kee 23. (a) iic (c) kee (b) iik (d) qee (c) ciic (e) cee (d) kiik (f) qee (e) kii (f) cii 3U. (a) caa (g) cii (b) kaa (h) iic (c) qaa (i) iik (d) cuu (J) iik (e) kuu (f) quu 2k. qii (2) 35. (a) cii 25. (a) qii (2) (b) qaa (b) kii (2) (c) caa (c) cii (2) (d) kii (e) qoo 26. (a) qii (f) cuu (b) kii (g) kee (c) cii (h) qii (i) kaa 27. (a) kii (j) qee (b) qii (c) cii

28. (a) cii (b) qii (c) kii

29. (a) qii (b) cii (c) cii (d) kii (e) qii (f) qii

kk Leccion Dos

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

A. TiitqiL jluuT? iQue" es esto?

B. Tmuuqine. Esto es tu tortilla.

AL ESTUDIANTE: Usamos 'tu' para no confundirlo con la 'su' de la tercera persona. Realmente el mam no distingue entre tu y Ud. Siempre usa t...e aplicandolo a toda situacion. Note que no se usa ningiin verbo ser en este eiemplo. sustitucjon (Recuerde el significado]

segunda persona

laanch tlaanche

limuunch tlimuunche

muuqin tmuuqine

laapis tlaapise

mees tmeese

primera persona

laanch nlaanche

limuunch nlimuunche

muuqin nmuuqine

laapis nlaapise

mees nmeese

h5 c. tercera persona

laapis tlaapis

limuunch tlimuunch

muuqin tmuuqin

laanch tlaanch

mees tmees oyendo la palabra, indique el poseedor nlaanche (indique la naranja del instructor) tlaanche (indique tu propia naranja) tlaanch (indique cualquier otra naranja) nlimuunche ETC. tlimuunch tlimuunche tlaapis nlaapirse tmuuqin tmuuqine traduccion (Del mam al castellano y vice versa) tlaapis su lapiz nlaapise mi lapiz tlaapise tu lapiz nmuuqine mi tortilla tlimuunche tu lim<5n tlaanch su naranja

k6 Actividad.es diga la palabra indicada

1. El instructor indicara" varias cosas preguntando 'Tiitqal jluu7?' , dejando que el estudiante use lo correcto de:

nlaanche, nlimuunche, nlaapise, etc. tlaanchej tlimuunche, tlaapise, etc. tlaanch, tlimuunch, tlaapis, etc.

2. Los estudiantes tomaran el papel del instructor en el mismo ejercicio.

Ciclo 2 modelo

Tii ntmaTn Jluu7 tuj kastiy: iQue quiere decir esto en nmuuqine? castellano : nmuuqine?

cbiintze - cmaantze

tuj kastiy

jluu7 tuj kastiy

ntmaTn jluu7 tuj kastiy tii ntma7n jluu7 tuj kastiy sustituci6n cbiintze Tii ntma7n jluu7 tuj kastiy: cbiintze? juun majtl Tii ntma7n Jluu7 tuj kastiy: juun majtl? nlaapise Tii ntma7n Jluu7 tuj kastiy: nlaapise? ba7n Tii ntma7n jluu7 tuj kastiy: baj_n?

hi Aplicacion preguntas

Maestro: a. Ju yool nlaapise ntmaTn 'mi lapiz' tuj kastiy.

b. Tii ntmaTn JluuT tuj kastiy: tlaapis?

Estudiante: Ntma7n JluuT: . modelo

NtmaTn jluuT 'mi tortilla' Esto quiere decir 'mi tor- tilla' .

cbiintze - cmaantze

JluuT

NtmaTn jluuT traducci6n nmuuqine ntmaTn JluuT 'mi tortilla'. tmuuqine ntmaTn JluuT 'tu tortilla'. tlaanche ntmaTn JluuT 'tu naranja'. nmansaane ntmaTn JluuT 'mi manzana'. tlaapise ntmaTn JluuT 'tu lapiz'.

Maestro: 1. a. Ju yool tlaapis ntmaTn 'su lapiz (de e"l)'

b. Tii ntmaTn aaya?

Estudiante: 2. NtmaTn JluuT:

U8 Maestro: 1. a. Ju yool aaya ntmajn 'tu'.

b. Tii ntma7n jluuT: twi7 mees?

Estudiante: 2. NtmaTn jluuT:

Maestro: 1. a. Ju yool 'twiT mees' ntma7n 'sobre la mesa'

b. Tii ntma7n jluu7: tlaanche?

2. Ntma7n jluu7: .

ETC.

U9 50 Demostraci<5n Grafica para Comprension Pasiva

1. Ckiintze JluuT. Miren esto. AajluuT juun muuqin. Esto es una tortilla. Juun muuqin. Una tortilla. Ckiintze ju muuqin. Miren la tortilla.

2. Ckiintze JluuT. Miren esto. AajluuT Juun limuunch. Esto es un limdn. Juun limuunch. Un limon. Ckiintze ju muuqin. Miren la tortilla. Ckiintze ju limuunch. Miren el lim<5n.

3. Ckiintze JluuT. Miren esto. AajluuT Juun laanch. Esto es una naranja. Juun laanch. Una naranja. Ckiintze ju muuqin. Miren la tortilla. Ckiintze ju limuunch. Miren el lim6n. Ckiintze ju laanch. Miren la naranja. h. Tii ntmaTn ju yool muuqin tuj iQue quiere decir la palabra kastiy? muuqin en castellano? NtmaTn 'tortilla'. Quiere decir 'tortilla'. Ex tii ntmaTn ju yool limuunch £Y que quiere decir la pala- tuj kastiy? bra limuunch en castellano? NtmaTn 'lim6n'. Quiere decir 'lim6n'. Ex tii ntmaTn ju yool laanch £Y que quiere decir la palabra tuj kastiy? laanch en castellano? NtmaTn 'naranja'. Quiere decir 'naranja'.

5. Aape muuqin JluuT? £Es esto (una) tortilla? Aatzunjul Aatzun muuqin ju. Sf, es (una) tortilla. Aape limuunch JluuT? £Es esto (un) lirndn? Aatzunjul Aatzun limuunch ju. Si, es (un) limon. Aape laanch jluuT? £Es esto (una) naranja? AatzunjuJ Aatzun laanch ju. Si, es (una) naranja.

6. Aape muuqin jluuT? £Es esto (una) tortilla? MiiTnl Limuunch ju. No, es (un) lim6n. Aape laanch jluuT? iEs esto (una) naranja? MiiTnl Muuqin ju. No, es (una) tortilla.

(Ahora el instructor pedira a los estudiantes que cada uno ponga su tortilla, su lim6n, y su naranja en vista de todos.)

Ckiintze jluuT. Miren esto. Nlaanche jluuT. Es mi naranja. Nlimuunche JluuT. Es mi limdn. Nmuuqine JluuT. Es mi tortilla.

51 8. Ckiintze JluuT. Miren esto. Tlaanche jluuT. Es tu naranja. Tlimuunche JluuT. Es tu limdn. Tmuuqine JluuT. Es tu tortilla.

9. Ckiintze JluuT. Miren esto. Tlaanch jluuT. Es su naranja (de el), Tlimuunch JluuT. Es su lim6n. Tmuuqin JluuT. Es su tortilla.

10. Nlaanche? iMi naranja? Aatzunl Aatzun nlaanche ju. Si, es mi naranja. . Nlimuunche? iMi lim<5n? Aatzunl Aatzun nlimuunche Ju. Si, es mi limdn. Nmuuqine? iMi tortilla? Aatzunl Aatzun nmuuqine Ju. Si, es mi tortilla.

11. Tlaanche? iTu naranja? Aatzun! Aatzun tlaanche ju. Si, es tu naranja. Tlimuunche? iTu limdn? Aatzunl Aatzun tlimuunche Ju. Si, es tu limdn. Tmuuqine? iTu tortilla? Aatzunl Aatzun tmuuqine ju. Si, es tu tortilla.

12. Tlaanch? iSu naranja (de e*l)? Aatzunl Aatzun tlaanch ju. Si, es su naranja. Tlimuunch? iSu lim6n? Aatzunl Aatzun tlimuunch ju. Sf, es su limdn. Tmuuqin? iSu tortilla? Aatzunl Aatzun tmuuqin ju. Si, es su tortilla.

13. Nmuuqine? iMi tortilla? MiiTnl Tmuuqine ju. No, tu tortilla. Tlaanche? iTu naranja? MiiTnl Nlaanche ju. No, mi naranja. Tlimuunch? iSu lim6n? MiiTnl Tlimuunche Ju. No, tu limdn.

52 Lesson Three

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze:

1. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT house.

Say the English equivalent as you listen to it again:

2. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl:

3. ( ) ( ) vowel Does it end with a consonant or a vowel?

Now listen to the nouns that you have had up to this point. Do they end with a consonant or a consonant vowel? h. ()()()()

To this point you have learned the pronouns as they apply to nouns that end with consonants. Listen carefully to the following review of how (a) 'his tortilla' and (b) 'your tortilla' are said:

53 5. ( ) ( ) a b

Now listen to what happens when a vowel-final word (a word that ends in a vowel) is 'framed'. First you will hear the equivalent of (a) 'his house' , which is not framed, and then (b) 'your house', which is framed.

6. ( ) tjaa

( ) tjaaye

Next you will hear the difference between two un- framed words, tmuuqin, tjaa and two framed words, tmuuqine, tjaaye.

( ) tmuuqin ( ) tjaa

( ) tmuuqine ( ) tjaaye

Because muuqin ends in a consonant, the final letter of the frame is e_. Because jaa ends' in a vowel, the final letters of the frame will ye be

Cbiintze ju yool bii: ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT name.

Cbiintze juun majtl:

9. ( ) ( )

5U vowel It ends in a (consonant/vowel)?

Because it ends with a vowel, the final letter(s) ye of the pronoun frame will he (e/ye).

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool:

nbiiye ray name

tbiiye your (sing.) name

tbii his name

) un- Cbiintze ju yool loT: )rds, 10. ( ) ( )

This means 'fruit, melon or squash'. For con- venience, let's refer to it as 'fruit'.

Juun majtl:

11. ( ) ( )

glottal stop Notice that it ends with a (glottal stop/vowel),

Cbiintze:

12. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'my fruit'

55 Juun majtl:

13. ( ) ( ) nloTye

Compare:

Nlaapise_

Nbiiye

NloTye

Note that the glottal stop (7), like a vowel, takes ye. consonant Laapis ends in a (consonant/vowel/glottal stop), vowel Bii ends in a (consonant/vowel/glottal stop). glottal stop Lo7 ends in a (consonant/vowel/glottal stop).

If a word ends in a consonant, it takes the (e/ye) ending of the pronoun frame.

If a word ends in a vowel, it takes the (e/ye) ye ending of the pronoun frame.

If a word ends in a glottal stop, it takes the ye (e/ye) ending of the pronoun frame.

Translate:

Tiitqal jluu7? 'What is this?'

Cbiintze:

lU. ( ) ( ) Tiitqal tlo7ye?

This means literally 'What is your fruit?1

56 A free translation is 'What kind of fruit do you have?'

Tiitqal tlo7? means 'What kind of fruit does he have?'

What kind of fruit do Tiitqal nlo7ye?. means_ I have?

Here is the dialog. Its Spanish equivalent is:

A. iQue es tu nombre? •p). B. Mi nombre es Roberto.

Cbiintze tuj maam:

15. A. ( )

B. ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl:

16. A. ( ') Tii tbiiye?

B. ( ) Roveerto nbiiye.

Listen to a slight variation of the same dialog. It means:

A. iQue es su nombre (de el)?

B. Su nombre es Roberto.

57 17. A. ( )

B. ( )

Listen again, this time following the written representation:

18. A. ( ) Tii tbii?

B. ( ) Roveerto tbii.

Here are two more dialogs:

A. iComo se llama esto? (iQue es el nombre de esto?) B. Se llama casa. (Casa es su nombre.)

19. A. ( ) Tii tbii ,31uu7?

B. ( ) Jaa tbii.

A. iQue es esto?

B. Es mi lapiz.

20. A. ( ) Tiitqal jluu7?

B. ( ) Nlaapise.

58 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. jaa (2)

2. jaa (2)

3. jaa (2)

h. (a) muuqin (b) laanch (c) mansaan (d) limuunch 5. (a) nmuuqine (b) tmuuqine

6. (a) tjaa

(b) tjaaye

7. (a) tmuuqin, tjaa (b) tmuuqine, tjaaye

8. bii (2)

9. bii (2)

10. loT (2)

11. loT (2) 12. nloTye (2)

13. nlo7ye (2) ill. tiitqal tloTye?

15. A. Tii tbiiye? B. Roveerto nbiiye.

16. A. Tii tbiiye?

B. Roveerto nbiiye.

17. A. Tii tbii?

B. Roveerto tbii.

18. A. Tii tbii?

B. Roveerto tbii.

59 19. A. Tii tbii jluu7?

B. Jaa tbii.

20. A. Tiitqal jluuT?

B. Nlaapise.

60 Lesson Three

PRONUNCIATION

When a mother wants to warn her child that it shouldn't do something she could say:

( ) ( ) ah-ah

Cmaantze ju yool ah-ah:

Say the sounds ah-ah several times, each time holding your breath longer and longer, something like this:

2. ( ) ah-ah ( ) ah ah ( ) ah ah

While holding your breath, articulate the con- sonant tz_. (Don't release air from your lungs.)

Cbiintze: '

3. ( ) ah tz'...ah

Try saying it to yourself several times.

Practice again by glottalizing the tz_:

h. ( ) ah... ah ( ) ah ah ( ) ah.. . ,tz' ah

61 Now try doing the same with k:

5. ( ) ah ah ( ) ah • ah ( ) ah k .ah

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

6. ) tzis (cypress) ) tz'is (to sweep) ) tz'lom (plank) ) tzaaj (to come) ) chooj (turkey) ) ch'ul (mud) ) ch'ak (stick.)

Cbiintze ju yool laatz: T. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool laatz1 ( ) ( )

Compare:

A. ( ) ( ) laatz' B. ( ) ( ) laatz

(A/B) is glottalized.

62 Mark an X in the space of the following con- sonants which are glottalized: a. ( ) 10. b. (X) c. (X) a. ( ) e. (X) f. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze:

11. ( ) ( ) ch

Cbiintze:

12. ( ) ( ) ch'

The following sounds are (the same/different): different 13. ( ) ( )

Compare:

lU. A. ( ) chaa B. ( ) ch'aa A1 ( ) chaa B' ( ) ch'aa

In the above examples B and B' are glottalized while A and A' are not.

Cbiintze juun majtl:

15. A. ( ) chaa

63 B. ( ) ch'aa A' ( ) chaa B' ( ) ch'aa

Some of the following syllables will be glot- talized. Put the glotaalization mark in the correct position. chaach 16. ) chaach k'aach ) kaach chaak' ) chaak aaka ) aaka aatza ) aatza tzaatz* ) tzaatz tzatz ) tzatz tz'ak ) tzak tz'aak ) tzaak k'aachatz ) kaachatz tzaakach ) tzaakach ch'aatzak ) chaatzak tz'achaak ) tzachaak tzaach'ak ) tzaachak tz'ak'ak1 ) tzakak

6k Manual del Instructor

PRONUNCIATION

ah-ah (2) 1U. (a chaa (b ch' aa (a) ah-ah (a chaa (b) ah ah (b ch'aa (c ) ah ah 15. (a chaa ah...,tz'...ah (b ch'aa (a chaa (a) ah... ah (b ch'aa (b) ah ah (c) ah.. .. tz' ah 16. (a chaach (b k'aach (a) ah.... ah (c chaak' (b) ah ah (d aaka (c ) ah.... k' ah (e (f tzaatz' (a) tzis (2) (g tzatz (b) tz'is (2) (h tz'ak (c) tz'lom (2) (i tz 'aak (d) tzaaj (2) (j k'aachatz (e) chooj (2) (k tzaakach (f) ch'ul (2) (1 ch'aatzak (g) ch'ak (2) (m tz'achaak (n tzaach'ak laatz (2) (o tz'ak'ak'

laatz' (2)

(a) laatz1 (2) (b) laatz (2)

10. (a) laatz (b) ch'iin (c) aatz'a (d) tzaaj (e) tz'aaj (f) liich' (g) chuu

11. ch (2)

12. ch' (2)

13. (a) ch (b) ch'

65 66 Leccidn Tres

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Roveerto nbiiye. Mi nombre es Roberto,

cbiintze - cmaantze

nbiiye

Roveerto nbiiye

tbii

Roveerto tbii sustitucion nbiiye Rooverto nbiiye. tbii Rooverto tbii. nbiiye Rooverto nbiiye. tbiiye Rooverto tbiiye. sustituci6n

(Waan) Waan nbiiye.

(Roveerto) Roveerto nbiiye.

(tbii) Roveerto tbii.

(Liix) Liix tbii.

(tbiiye) Liix tbiiye.

67 (Paax) Paax tbiiye. modelo

Tii tbiiye? AQue es tu nombre?

cbiintze - cmaantze

tbiiye tii tbiiye tii tii tbiiye sustitucion

Tii tbiiye? Tii tbiiye? tbii Tii tbii? tbiiye Tii tbiiye? nbiiye Tii nbiiye? dialogo

A. Tii tbiiye? AQue es tu nombre?

B. Roveerto nbiiye. Roberto es mi nombre.

respuesta apropiada

Tii tbiiye? Nbiiye

Tii tbii? Tbii

Tii nbiiye? Tbiiye actividades

Cada estudiante preguntarS su nombre el uno al otro.

La clase se dividir£ en grupos de cuatro personas. Uno hablando con otro, preguntar£ los nombres de cada persona del grupo. Se cambiaran las parejas a fin de que cada persona tenga la oportunidad de jugar las dos partes. preguntas y respuestas modeladas

Estudiante A: Ju yool Roveerto nbiiye ntmaTn 'me llamo Roberto' Tii ntma7n .iluu7: Roveerto tbii?

Estudiante B: NtmaTn jluuT .

Estudiante C: Ju yool Roveerto tbii ntmaTn Tii ntmaTn jluuT: Roveerto tbiiye?

Estudiante D: NtmaTn jluuT

Estudiante E: Ju yool Roveerto tbiiye ntmaTn Tii ntmaTn Naan Liina tbii?

Estudiante F: NtmaTn jluuT

ETC.

Eiclo 2 modelo

Tii tbii jluuT? iComo se llama esto? (iQue es el nombre de esto?) Jaa tbii. Se llama casa. (Casa es su nombre.)

cbiintze - cmaantze

jluuT tbii jluuT Tii tbii jluuT?

69 laapis tbii jaa tbii

Tii tbii jluuT?

Jaa tbii. sustitucion jaa Jaa tbii. sevooya Sevooya tbii. skueelbil Skueelbil tbii. laapis Laapis tbii.

(laanch, liim, limuunch)

respuesta apropiada (El profesor mostrarfi cosas que los alumnos nombraran.)

Tii tbii jluuT? Laanch tbii.

Liim tbii.

Skueelbil tbii,

actividades

1. Los estudiantes aprenderan del maestro los nombres de las cosas que se encuentran en la clase.

2. Los estudiantes descubriran que es lo que pasa si preguntaran, "Tii tbii jluu7?" o "Tiitqal jluu7?" al indicar a una persona.

70 dialogo

A. Tiitqal jluu7? iQue es esto?

B. Nlaapise. Es mi lapiz.

respuesta apropiada

Tiitqal jluuT? (tortilla o lapiz) actividades

Los estudiantes preguntaran al maestro para aprender c6mo se dicen estas siguientes palabras en mam:

naranja, lima, limon, melon

2. El maestro les habra dicho que trajeran a la clase naranjas, limones, limas, y melones (por lo menosuno de cada uno) si es posible. Des- pues de dar algo a cada persona, tomaran la oportunidad de preguntar el'uno al otro sobre lo que ellos mismos tienen, o sobre lo que los demas tienen, segun el modelo.

71 72 Lesson Four

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze:

1. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn .iluuT 'seed' .

Cbiintze juun najtl ju yool iiyaj:

2. ( ) ( ) vowel It begins with a (consonant/vowel)

Listen to the nouns you have had:

3. ()()()()() consonant They begin with a (consonant/vowel).

In many languages things happen to words that being with vowels. In English you would say 'a pear1 or 'a lemon', but never 'a orange' or 'a apple'.

In Mam the first person singular possessive pronoun is modified before vowel initial nouns.

Cbiintze:

h. A. ( ) ( ) nmuuqine

B. ( ) ( ) wiiyaje

Ntma7n A 'my tortilla'.

73 NtmaTn B 'my seed1.

Cbiintze juun rnajtl:

5. A. ( ) ( )

B. ( ) ( )

Compare:

A. nmuuqine

B. wiiyaje

In A the pronoun frame is .... because consonant muuoin starts with a (vowel/consonant). w .... e In B the pronoun frame is .... because vowel iiya.i starts with a (vowel/consonant).

Only first nerson singular is affected by vowel initial words.

Cbiintze:

) nmuuoine ) wiiyaje first person singular

) tmuuqine ) tiiyaje second person singular

) tmuuqin ) tiiyaj third person sinexilar

The following words will take either n .... e or w .... e. ^ill in the blanks accordingly:

7h wiitz'ine iitz'in Cyounper brother! nmaane maan Cfather] nsiich'e siich' [cigarette!] nlimuunche limuunch vooje ooj CavacadoD wiile iil Cuecado^

Cbiintze:

7. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn ,1luuT 'his father',

Cbiintze juun majtl ,iu yool tmaan; ( ) ( )

Cbiintze jluu7:

9. ( ) ( ) NtmaTn jluu7 'What is his Cher, or itsU name?'

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool tii tbii?:

10. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool tii tbiiq'a?:

11. ( ) ( ) Ju yool tii tbiiq'a ntma7n 'What is his Cre- ferring to a boyH name?'

75 Ctz' iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool 'What is his [referring to a boy] name?'

Tii tbiia'a

Cbiintze jluu'T:

12. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'What is his Creferrinp to a man] name?'

t: Cbiintze juun majtl ex cmaantze:

13. ( ) ( ) Tii tbiixnaa?

Comnare:

ll+t A. ( ) ( ) Tii tbiia'a? B. ( ) ( ) Tii tbiixnaq?

What is his Ca boy1si Cmaantze tii ntma7n ,iu A? name? What is his Ca man'si Cmaantze tii ntmaTn ju B? name? tii tbiiq'a Now underline the parts of A and B above that tii tbiixnaq are different.

a boy l' a refers to (a boy/a man).

76 Cbiintze ju yool tii tbiixu.j?

15. ( ) ( ) NtmaTn jluuT 'What is her [referring to a woman] name?'

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

1. What is her [referring to a woman] name? tii tbiixuj?

2. What is his Ca boy's: name? tii tbiiq'a? 3. What is his Ca man's] name? tii tbiixnaq?

Cbiintze ju yool tii tbiichin?:

16. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jiuuT 'What is her Ca girl's] name?'

Underline the parts that are different: tii tbiiq'a tii tbiiq'a tii tbiixnaq tii tbiixnaq tii tbiixuj tii tbiixuj tii tbiichin tii tbiichin

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

77 xnaa his [referring to a man] xuj her [referring to a woman] q'a his [referring to a boy] chin her [referring to a girl]

Cbiintze ,1u yool tmaan Taat Cheep:

17- ( ) ( )

Compare: Notice that in the first example (A) the vowels of tmaan are shorter than the tmaan of (B).

18. A. ( ) tmaan Taat Cheep

B. ( ) tmaan In (A/B) the vowels aa of tmaan are shorter.

The tmaan of (A/B) has nothing following it.

Here is another exanrole of the same phenomenon:

19. A. ( ) tbii - su nombre

B. ( ) tbii tmaan - el nombre de su padre

Again, note that if a word having a double vowel is followed by another word, the vowel length is reduced.

Cbiintze juun majtl:

78 Note the reduction of vowel length when tbii is followed by tmaan. 20. A. ( ) tbii

B. ( ) tbii tmaan

Here is a pre-exposure to the micro-wave dialogs presented in the fourth lesson. They will be given first in Spanish, then in Mam:

Ciclo Uno

A. iO.ue es el nombre de (icomo se llama,..) tu semi11a?

B. Su nombre es (se llama) chiciwaa.

21. A. ( ) Tii tbii tiiyaje?

B. ( ) Chiciwaa tbii wiiyaje.

Ciclo Dos

A. iComo se llama tu hermana menor? B. Se llama Faviana.

22. A. ( ) Tii tbii tiitz'ine?

B. ( ) Yaan tbii wiitz'ine.

Ciclo Tres

A. iComo se llama el padre del Senor Jose?

B. Se llama Pascual Lopez.

23. A. ( ) Tii tbii tmaan Taat Cheep?

B. ( ) Paax Loops tbii tmaan Taat Cheep.

79 Ciclo Cuatro

A. iComo se llama el?

B. Se llama Juan.

2h. A. ( ) Tii tbiiq'a?

B. ( ) Waan tbii.

80 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. iiyaj (2) 18. (a) Tmaan Taat Cheep (b) Tmaan 2. iiyaj (2) 19. (a) Tbii 3. (a) muuqin (b) Tbii tmaan (b) limuunch (c) laanch 20. (a) Tbii (d) mees (b) Tbii tmaan (e) laapis 21. (a) Tii tbii tiiyaje? k. (a) nmuuqine (2) (b) Chiciwaa tbii wiiyaje. (b) wiiyaje (2) 22. (a) Tii tbii tiitz'ine? 5. (a) nmuuqine (2) (b) Yaan tbii wiitz'ine. (b) wiiyaje (2) 23. (a) Tii tbii tmaan Taat 6. (a) nmuuqine Cheep? (b) wiiyaje (b) Paax Lops tbii tmaan (c) tmuuqine Taat Cheep. (d) tiiyaje (e) tmuuqin 2k. (a) Tii tbiiq'a? (f) tiiyaj (b) Waan tbii.

7. tmaan (2)

8. tmaan (2)

9. Tii tbii (2)

10. Tii tbii (2)

11. Tii tbiiq'a (2)

12. Tii tbiixnaq (2)

13. Tii tbiixnaq (2)

Ik. (a) Tii tbiiq'a (2) (b) Tii tbiixnaq (2)

15. Tii tbiixuj (2)

16. Tii tbiichiin (2)

IT. Tmaan Taat Cheep (2)

81 82 Lesson Four

PRONUNCIATION

Cbiintze ,-ju yool xaal:

1. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool xaal:

2. ( ) ( )

Contrast:

3. A. ( ) xaal B. ( ) xaal

(A/B) sounds most like the English word 'shawl'.

Which of the following words sounds least like the English word 'shawl'?:

h. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 12 12

Cbiintze:

5. A. ( ) xaal B. ( ) xaal xaal Underline the parts of A and B that are dif- xjaal ferent .

83 The x is called a retroflexed x (x) because its production requires a tongue position farther back than the 'sh' sound of 'shawl'.

Perhaps you can produce the x by following these instructions:

In English the initial 'r' sound of 'road' is in a retroflexed position.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

6. ( ) ( ) rrr...

Begin by saying rrr...r. While saying it touch the tongue to the roof of your mouth. Now whisper rrr... (with the tongue against the roof of your mouth). Your whisper should pro- duce a retroflexed x (x).

Write an x or an x when either is heard:

(x) 7. a. (x) b. (x) (x) (x)

Here is another retroflexed sound:

Cbiintze ju yool chiin: ( ) ( )

8U Cbiintze ju yool chiin:

9. ( ) ( )

Contrast:

10. ( ) chiin ( ) chiin ( ) chiin ( ) chiin

Cbiintze ju yool chap:

11. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool chaj

12. ( ) ( )

Compare:

13. ( ) chap ( ) chap ( ) chap ( ) chap

Cbiintze:

lU. A. ( ) chap B. ( ) chap

85 (A/B) is more like the Mam word xaal.

The x of xaal (is/is not) retroflexed. The ch of chap (is/is not) retroflexed.

Some of the following words will have the retroflexed ch_ as in chap while some will have the ch_ as in chap. Mark an X in the space of those that have ch.

(X) 15. ( ) b. (X) ( ) d. (X) f. f. g- h. (X) h. (X) (X)

Cmaantze:

16. ( ) ch ) ch ) ch

Imitate:

IT. ( ) ch ( ) ch ( ) ch

Notice that the tongue is in the same position for ch_ as for £. The following are Mam words that have an initial x, x, ch or ch. Indicate which letter they begin with. (Don't worry about the mean- ings. ) a. ch 18. b. ch c. X d. ch e. ch f. * g- ch h. X i. ch J. ch

Cbiintze ju yool ch'am:

19. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool cham:

20. ( ) ( )

Compare:

21 ( ) ch'am ( ) cham ( ) ch'am ( ) cham

(A/B) is glottalized:

22. ( ) ( )

87 Write S or D depending on if the following are the same or different: a. S 23. b. S b. c. S d. D e. D

Cmaantze:

2k. ( ) cham ( ) ch'am ( ) cham ( ) ch'am Manual del Instructor

PRONUNCIACION

1. xaal (2) (d) chob (c) chiT P.. xaal (2) (f) buuch (R) chn.Tn 3. (a) xaal (h) chaTn (b) xaal (i) buuch (j) chiis h. (a) xaal (b) xaal 16. (a) ch (a) xaal (b) ch (b) xaal (c) ch

5. (a) xaal IT. (a) cli (b) xaal (b) cli (c) oh 6. (P) 18. (a) cliee.i 7. (a) xaal (b) cha7n (b) xaal (c) xiT (c) xuul (d) cheep (d) xuul (e) chalch (e) xaat (f) xjaal (g) chmaan 8. chiin (P.) (h) xwoot?,' (i) chaakin 9. chain (2) (j) choon

10. (a) chiin 19. ch'an (2) (b) chiin (c) chiin 20. cham (2) (d) chiin 21 (a) ch'am 11. chan (2) (b) cham (c) ch 'am 12. chap (2) (d) cliam

13. (a) chap 22. (a) cham (b) chap (b) ch'am (c) chap (d) chap 23. (a) ch'am - - ch'am (b) cham - cham lU. (a) chap (c) cham - cham (b) chap (d) ch'am - - cham (e) ch'am - - cham 15. (a) chap (b) cliap P.U. (a) cham (c) choon (b) ch'am (c) cham (d) ch 'am Rn 90 Leccion Cuatro

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Tii tbii tiiyaje1: iQue es el nombre de tu semi11a?

cbiintze - cmaantze

tiiyaje

tbii tiiyaje

Tii tbii tiiyaje traduccion

iQue es el nombre de tu semi11a? Tii tbii tiiyaje? iQue es el nombre de mi semilla? Tii tbii wiiyaje?

iQue es el nombre de su semilla? Tii tbii tiiyaj ?

iQue es mi nombre? Tii nbiive?

iQue es tu nombre? Tii tbiiye? modelo

Chiciwaa tbii wiiyaje. Chiciwa. es el nombre de mi semilla.

cbiintze - cmaantze

wiiyaje

tbii wiiyaje

Chiciwaa tbii wiiyaje. Ql cambio (a la forma de primera persona posesiva) iiyaj wiiyaje maan nmaane ooj wooje limuunch nlimuunche iil wiile iitz'in wiitz'ine muuqin nmuuqine

Ciclo 2 modelo

Yaan tbii wiitz'ine. Mi hermana menor se llama Faviana.

cbiintze - cmaantze

wiitz'ine

tbii wiitz'ine

Yaan tbii wiitz'ine

actividad (los estudiantes preguntaran al instructor:)

Tii ntmaTn ju yool: nmaane

nchuuTye nchmaane

nyaaTye chjoonteye

92 sustitucion variable (los ostudiantes escoperan entre Waan (Juan) Liina (Catalina), sepun renuiera el caso)

Vaan tbii nmaane. chmaan '7aan tbii nchmaane. yaa7 Liina tbii nyaaTye. maan ''.'aan tbii nmaane . chuuT Liina tbii nchuu7ye, chmaan '•Jaan tbii nchmn.ane. chuuT Liina tbii nchuu7ye. yaaT Liina tbii nyaa7ye. modelo

Tii tbii tiitz'ine? iComo se llama tu hermana(o) menor?

cbiintze - cmaantze

tiitz'ine

tbii tiitz'ine

Tii tbii tiitz'ine

traduccion

iComo se llama mi padre? Tii tbii nmaane?

iComo se llama su padre? Tii tbii tmaan?

iComo se llama tu nadre? Tii tbii tmaane?

iComo se llama tu madre? Tii tbii tchuu7ye?

iComo se llama mi madre? Tii tbii nchuu7ye?

93 AComo se llama, mi abuelo? Tii tbii nchmaane?

iComo se llama tu abuelo? Tii tbii tohmaane?

JComo se llama su abuelo? Tii tbii tchmaan?

£C6mo se llama tu abuela? Tii tbii tyaaTye?

iComo se llama mi abuela? Tii tbii nyaaTye?

AComo se llama su abuela? Tii tbii tyaaT? modelo para memorizacion

A. Tii tbii tiitz'ine?

B. Yaan tbii wiitz'ine.

actividad

1. Cada estudiante pedira a su pareja el nombre de su padre y madre. El otro le dira el nombre, despues de lo cual este dira. chjoonteye, agra- deciendo la informacion, asi:

A. Tii tbii tmaane?

B. Waan tbii.

A. Chjoonteye.

A. Tii tbii tchuuTye?

B. Yaan tbii.

A. Chjoonteye.

2. La misma actividad, pero ahora el estudiante pedira el nombre de su abuelo, abuela y hermano(a) menor.

9U Ciclo 3 modelo

Paax Lops tbii tmaan Taat Cheep. Pascual Lopez es el nombre del padre del Sefior Jose.

cbiintze - cmaantze

Taat Cheep

tmaan Taat Cheep

tbii tmaan Taat Cheep

Paax Loops tbii tmaan Taat Cheep sustitucion

Taat Liix Paax Lops tbii tmaan Taat Liix. Taat Ceel Paax Lops tbii tmaan Taat Ceel.

Roveerto Paax Lops tbii tmaan Roveerto.

Esteevan Paax Lops tbii tmaan Esteevan. traduccion - sustitucion madre Tii tbii tchuu7 Taat Cheep. abuelo Tii tbii tchmaan Taat Cheep. abuela Tii tbii tyaa7 Taat Cheep. hermano menor Tii tbii tiitz'in Taat Cheep. hermana menor Tii tbii tiitz'in Taat Cheep.

95 modelo

Tii tbii tmaan Taat Cheep? iQue es el nombre del padre del Senor Jose?

cbiintze - cmaantze

Taat Cheep

tmaan Taat Cheep

tbii tmaan Taat Cheep

Tii tbii tmaan Taat Cheep modelo para memorizacidn

A. Tii tbii tmaan Taat Cheep?

B. Paax Lops tbii tmaan Taat Cheep.

actividad

Cada estudiante preguntara a otro estudiante como se llama el padre de un tercero. El sepoindo estudiante preguntara el nombre y lo dira al primero. El primero dira chjoonteye, agradeciendo la informacion.

A. Tii tbii tmaan Roveerto?

B. Tii tbii tmaane, Roveerto?

C. Jim tbii nmaane.

B. Jim tbii tmaan Roveerto.

A. Chjoonteye.

2. La misma actividad, pero ahora se averiguaran los nombres de su madre, abuelo, abuela y hermano(a) menor.

3. La misma actividad, pero esta vez el segundo dira "mii ojsqiTn wuTne", "no lo se".

Qfi A. Tii tbii tmaan Roveerto?

B. Mii ojsai7n wu7ne. Tii tbii tmaane, Roveerto?

C. Jim tbii nmaane.

B. Jim tbii tmaan Roveerto.

A. Chjoonteye.

Ciclo h modelo para memorizacion

A. Tii tbiiq'a? iComo se llama el?

B. Waan tbii. Se llama Juan.

cbiintze - cmaantze

q' a

tbiiq'a

Tii tbiia'a?

sustituoion

chin Tii tbiichin?

xnaq Tii tbiixnaq?

Tii tbiixuj?

q'a Tii tbiia'a?

traduccion

iComo se llama Si Cmuchacho3? Tii tbiiq'a?

iComo se llama ella Cmuchachal? Tii tbiichin?

97 iComo se llama ella CmujerU? Tii tbiixuj?

iComo se llama el Chombre!]? Tii tbiixnaq.? actividad

Uno de los estudiantes entra en la sala de clase haciendo el papel de Sophia Loren. Otro estudiante pregunta a su pareja el nambre de aquella bella mujer. El tercer estudiante dice que no lo sabe. Entonces, el le pregunta a la sefiorita su nombre. La respuet-ta es 'Sophia Loren'. Asi:

A. Tii tbiixuj? B. Mii ojsqi7n wu7ne. (Pregunta a la sefiorita su nombre.) Tii tbiiye?

C. Sophia Loren.

B. (A su pareja dice:) Sophia Loren tbiixuj.

(Se puede seguir usando cualquier nombre famoso.)

La misma actividad, pero ahora pregunta el nombre del padre de Sophia Loren. Asi:

A. Tii tbii tmaanxuj?

B. Mii ojsqiTn wuTne. (Pregunta a la sefiorita el nombre de su padre.) Tii tbii tmaane?

C. Lyndon Johnson tbii.

B. (A SU pareja dice:) Lyndon Johnson tbii tmaanxuj. compreneign y respuesta apropiada

I. Waan nbiiye. Samueel tbiiye. Danieel tbii nmaane.

Tii tbiiye? Tii tbii nmaane? Tii nbiiye?

II. Liina tbii. Paax tbii tmaan Naan Liina. Waan nbiiye.

Tii tbii tmaan Naan Liina? Tii nbiiye?

III. Mai tbiiye. Ceel tbii tmaane. Liix tbii nmaane.

Tii tbiiye? Tii tbii tmaane? Tii tbii'nmaane?

IV. Ceel tbii tmaan Danieel. Gonsaalo tbii tiitz'in (younger brother) Danieel.

Tii tbii tiitz'in Danieel? Tii tbii tmaan Danieel?

V. Mai Lops tbiiye. Liina tbii tamiiweye (friend). Paax Lops tbii tmaane.

Tii tbiiye? Tii tbii tmaane? Tii tbii tamiiweye?

99 100 Lesson Five

PREPARATION STAGE

Tii ntma7n 'my name'?

1. ()()() 12 3

Cbiintze:

2. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'their name'.

Juun majtl:

3. ( ) ( ) cbii

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool cbii

h. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool cbii cbii 5. ( ) ( )

Tii ntmaTn ju yool cbii 1 their name

101 Compare:

A. Tbii - his name B. Tbiiye - your name A1 Cbii - their name B' Cbiiye - your name (pi) plural A' and B' are (singular/plural). t indicates 3rd person Singular. c indicates 3rd person Plural. t...e indicates 2nd person Singular.

indicates 2nd person Plural.

Tii ntmaTn 'your (pi) name'?

6. ()()() 12 3

Tii ntma7n 'their name1? 7. ()()() 12 3

Tii ntma7n 'his name'?

•(•)(•)() 12 3

Ctz'iibinkuye jluu7 tuj maam: tbiiye 1. Your (sg) name

102 cbiiye 2. Your (pi) name tbii 3. His name cbii h. Their name

2nd person Singular and Plural (are/are not) pronoun frames.

Cbiintze:

9. ( ) Cheep tbii means 'his name is Cheep1.

( ) Ax Cheep tbii means 'his name is Cheen also1

( ) Juunx cbii means 'their names are the same',

Tii ntma7n ju yool 'also' tuj maam? juunx Tii ntmaTn ju yool 'the same' tuj maam?

Cbiintze:

10. ( ) Cheep tbiiye means 'your name is Cheep'.

( ) Ax Cheep tbiiye means 'your name is Cheep also'

Your names are the ( ) Juunx cbiiye means .

Cbiintze:

11. ( ) Cheep nbiiye means 'my name is Cheep'.

( ) Ax Cheep tbiiye means 'your name is Cheep also*,

( ) Juunx qbii means 'our names are the same'.

103 Cbiintze:

12. ( ) Cheep nbiiye means 'my name is Cheep'.

( ) Ax Cheep tbii means 'his name is Cheep also',

( ) Juunx qbiiye means 'our names are the same'.

Notice that in 11 and 12 above qbii and qbiiye both translate as .

However, qbii and qbiiye make a distinction that we do not make in English.

For example, we say: A. My name is Bill. Your name is Bill, too. We (you and I) have the same name. B. My name is Bill. His name is Bill. We (he and I) have the same name.

The we_ in A and B have the same, form but not the same meaning.

Compare:

C. Cheep nbiiye. Ax Cheep tbiiye. Juunx qbii (you and I)

D. Cheep nbiiye. Ax Cheep tbii. Juunx qbiiye (Cheep and I) includes The qbii in C (includes/excludes) 'you'. excludes The qbiiye in D (includes/excludes) 'you1. inclusive Therefore, qbii is called the (inclusive/exclusive) exclusive we, while qbiiye is called the (inclusive/exclusive) we. The 'exclusive we' (is/is not) a pronoun frame.

Suppose you and a group of friends were looking for a park and stopped to ask a policeman how to get there. You could say, "How do we (excl.) get to the park?" Then one of your friends might ask you, "What did he say? How do we (incl.) get there?"

10U Would 'we' be inclusive or exclusive in the fol- lowing situations? Two shoppers talk to a clerk in the store: exclusive Where can we_ find the men's clothes? exclusive How do we pay for this? inclusive Can we_ dicker about the price? exclusive How do we know you're not cheating us? exclusive Where can we_ go to find a better selection? inclusive Why don't you come with me and we will find the manager? inclusive Can we_ meet some place after work and fight about it?

Fill in the blanks. Remember that if we_ includes 1st and 2nd person, it is the pronoun £. If we includes 1st and 3rd, but no 2nd person, it is

e. g. Cheep nbiiye. Ax Cheep tbiiye. Juunx qbii. qbiiye Cheep nbiiye. Ax Cheep tbii. Juunx qbii Cheep nbiiye. Ax Cheep cbiiye. Juunx qbiiye Cheep nbiiye. Ax Cheep cbii. Juunx

Here are the dialogs:

A. JComo se llaman Uds.? B. Yo me llamo Juan y el se llama Pascual.

13. A. ( ) Tii cbiiye? B. ( ) Waan nbiiye ex Paax tbii.

A. iComo te llamas? B. Me llamo Laas.

105 A. Yo me llamo Laas tambien. Entonces tenemos el mismo nombre.

Ik. A. ( ) Tii tbiiye? B. ( ) Laas nbiiye. A. ( ) Ay Laas nbiiye. B. ( ) Entoonses juunx qbii.

A. iC6mo se llama tu padre? B. Se llama Laas. A. Entonces tenemos el mismo nombre, porque tambien me llamo Laas.

15. A. ( ) Tii tbii tmaane? B. ( ) Laas tbii. A. ( ) Entoonses juunx qbiiye porke ax Laas nbiiye.

Find out from the teacher what the following means: Chjoonte maajq.il qwitz ttzice.

106 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

(a) Nbiiye (a) Ax Laas nbiiye. (b) Tbiiye (b) Entoonses juunx qbii. (c) Tbii 15. (a) Tii tbii tmaane? Cbii (2) (b) Laas tbii. (a) Entoonses juunx qbiiye Cbii (2) porke ax Laas nbiiye.

Cbii (2)

Cbii (2)

Tbiiye Tbii Cbiiye

Cbiiye Cbii Tbiiye

Tbiiye (b Tbii Cbii

Cheep'tbii Ax Cheep tbii Juunx cbii

10. Cheep tbiiye Ax Cheep tbii Juunx cbiiye

11. Cheep nbiiye Ax Cheep tbiiye Juunx qbii

12. Cheep nbiiye Cheep tbii Cheep qbiiye

13. (a Tii cbiiye? (b Waan nbiiye ex Paax tbii,

1U. Tii tbiiye? Laas nbiiye

107 108 Lesson Five

PRONUNCIATION

b_, d_|_, cj_ and t^_ will be presented in this lesson.

Cbiintze ju yool tbii:

1. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool tvii:

2. ( ) ( )

Compare:

3. A. ( ) ( ) tbii B. ( ) ( ) tvii

Mark an X in the space of the following words which are tbii: a. (X) b. ( ) c. (X) d. ( ) d. e. (X)

109 In comic books and elsewhere we have the notion that if a person is presented with a difficult or dangerous task he is supposed to say 'gulp'.

Listen to the sound on the tape: 5. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ex cmaantze: 6. ( ) ( )

Now try the sound and sustain it. As you are saying it pop your lips open.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze: 7. ( ) ( )

Remember that air must be sucked in through your vocal cords. If as you opened your mouth air came out rather than went in, you were not drawing air inward through your vocal cords.

There are two other sounds in Mam that work on this same principle.

Cbiintze ju yool d'aal: ( ) ( )

110 otion Cbiintze ju yool daal: cult ulp\ 9. ( ) ( )

Compare:

10. ( ) d'aal ( ) daal ( ) d'aal ( ) daal

Write d' if the word has a d1 and d otherwise.

a. d' 11. a. b. d b. c. d* d. d' e. d f. d' g. a

5h

3U The dj_ sound can be produced in much the same rocal manner as b_.

Draw air in through your vocal cords to pro- duce the 'gulp' sound. As you are drawing air in through your vocal cords say d.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze: rk 12. ( ) d'aa ( ) d'aa ( ) d'aa

The imploded a^_ is produced in much the same manner.

Ill Say q_ as you are drawing air through your vocal cords.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

13. ( ) q'aa ( ) q'aa ( ) aaq'a ( ) aq'aa ( ) aaq'

Put in the proper glottalization marks: q'aaq lU. ) qaaq c'aaq ) caaq daal ) daal daaq' ) daaq q'ad' ) qad qaad1 ) qaad d'aaq' ) daaq

112 Manual del Instructor

PRONimCIACION

1. tbii (2) lU. (a) q' aaq (b ) c'aaq 2. tvii (2) (c) daal (d) daaq' 3. (a) tbii (2) (e) q'ad' (b) tvii (2) (f) oaad' (R) d'aaq' h. (a) tbii (b) tvii (c) tbii (d) tvii (e) tbii

5. (gulp) (2)

6. (gulp) (2)

7. (gulp-pop) (2)

8. d'aal (2)

9. daal (2)

10. (a d'aal (b daal (c d'aal (d daal

11. (a d'aq (b danieel (c d'iiw) (d jad' (e gordo (f d'aal (g kriaada 12. (a d'aa (b d'aa (c d'aa

13. (a q'aa (b q'aa (c aaq'a (d aq'aa (e ' aaq'

113 nh Leccion Cinco

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Waan nbiiye ex Paax tbii, Yo me llamo Juan y el se llama Pascual.

traducci6n mi abuelo nchmaane

nuestro (incl) abuelo qchmaan

tu abuela tyaa7ye

la abuela de Uds. cyaa7ye

el hermano menor de ella tiitz 'in

el hermano menor de ellas ciitz'in

mi hermano mayor ntzice

mucho gusto en conocerle chjoonte maaTq.il qwitz

traduceion

Nosotros (incl) nos llamamos Peeles qbii. Peeles. Uds. se llaman Lops; Lops cbiiye.

Ellos se llaman Toontz. Toontz cbii.

Uds. se llaman Miintz. Miintz cbiiye. Nosotros (incl) nos llamamos Toontz qbii. Toont z.

Ellos se llaman Peeles. Peeles cbii.

115 Casa Jaa

Es casa de ellos. Cjaa. Es casa de Uds. Cjaaye. Es casa de todos nosotros (incl). QJaa.

3. Lapiz Laapis

Es lapiz de ellos. Claapis. Es mi lapiz. Nlaapise. Es lapiz de Uds. Claapise. Es nuestro (incl) lapiz. Qlaapis. conclusion logica

Mai tbii. Ax Mai tbii. Mai cbii. Waan tbii. Ax Waan tbii. Waan cbii. Yaan tbii. Ax Yaan tbii. Yaan cbii. Liix tbii. Ax Liix tbii. Liix cbii.

Mai tbii. Ax Mai tbiiye. Mai cbiiye. XaTp tbii; Ax XaTp tbiiye. XaTp' cbiiye.' Biica fbii. Ax Siica tbiiye. Siica cbiiye. Laas tbii. Ai Laas tbiiye. Laas cbiiye.

Waan tbii. Ax Waan tbii. Waan cbii. Loox tbii. Ax Loox tbiiye. Loox cbiiye. Yaan tbii. Ax Yaan tbiiye. Yaan cbiiye. Mak tbii. Ax Mak tbii. Mak cbii. Laas tbii. Ax Laas tbiiye. Laas cbiiye. Ceel tbii. Ax Ceel tbii. Ceel cbii. Xa7p tbii. Ax XaTp tbii. XaTp cbii. Cheep tbii. Ax Cheep tbiiye. Cheep cbiiye.

Mak tbiiye. Ax Mak nbiiye. Mak qbii. Yaan tbiiye. Ax Yaan nbiiye. Yaan qbii. Rcveerto tbiiye. Ax Roveerto nbiiye. Roveerto qbii. Luus tbiiye. Ax Luus nbiiye. Luus qbii.

5. Cheep tbiiye. Ax Cheep nbiiye. Cheep qbii. Laas tbii. Ax Laas tbii. Laas cbii. Loox tbii. Ax Loox tbiiye. Loox cbiiye. XaTp tbiiye. Ax XaTp nbiiye. XaTp qbii. Siica tbii. Ax Siica tbii. Siica cbii. Yaan tbiiye. Ax Yaan nbiiye. Yaan qbii.

Cheep nbiiye. Ax Cheep tbiiye. Cheep qbii. Laas tbiiye. Ax Laas tbii. Laas cbiiye. Loox tbiiye. Ax Loox nbiiye. Loox qbii. Waan tbii. Ax Waan tbii. Waan cbii. Wiit tbii. Ax Wiit tbiiye. Wiit cbiiye.

116 7. Liix cbii. Ax Liix tbii. Liix cbii. Mai cbiiye. Ax Mai tbii. Mai cbiiye. Yaan qbii. Ax Yaan tbii. Yaan qbii. XaTp cbiiye. Ax XaTp tbii. XaTp cbiiye. Yeek cbii. Ax Yeek tbii. Yeek cbii. Laala qbii. Ax Laala tbii. Laala qbii. Toona cbii. Ax Toona tbii. Toona cbii. Mateea cbiiye. Ax Mateea tbii. Mateea cbiiye. Manueel cbii. Ax Manueel tbii. Manueel cbii. Antoonio qbii. Ax Antoonio tbii, Antoonio qbii, Ceel cbii. Ax Ceel tbii. Ceel cbii. Liix cbiiye. Ax Liix tbii. Liix cbiiye.

Yaan cbii. Ax Yaan tbiiye. Yaan cbiiye. Cheep cbii. Ax Cheep tbiiye. Cheep cbiiye. Loox cbii. Ax Loox tbiiye. Loox cbiiye. Waan cbii. Ax Waan tbiiye. Waan cbiiye. Toona cbii. Ax Toona tbiiye. Toona cbiiye. Maarta cbii. Ax Maarta tbiiye. Maarta cbiiye.

Yaan cbii. Ax Yaan tbiiye. Yaan cbiiye. Waana cbii. Ax Waana tbii. Waana cbii. Oolga cbii Ax Oolga tbiiye. Oolga cbiiye. Peedro cbii Ax Peedro tbii. Peedro cbii. Iirma cbii Ax Iirma tbii. Iirma cbii. Liina cbii Ax Liina tbiiye. Liina cbiiye. Paax cbii. Ax Paax tbiiye. Paax cbiiye. Beerta cbii Ax Beerta tbii. Beerta cbii. XaTp cbii. Ax XaTp tbiiye. XaTp cbiiye.

10. Loox cbii. Ax Loox qbii. Loox qbii. XaTp tbii. Ax XaTp qbii. XaTp qbii. Waana tbii, Ax Waana qbii, Waana qbii. Mai cbii. Ax Mai qbii. Mai qbii. Loox cbii. Ax Loox qbii. Loox qbii. Ceel tbii. Ax Ceel qbii. Ceel qbii. Yaan cbii. Ax Yaan qbii. Yaan qbii.

modelo

Tii cbiiye? iC6mo se llaman Uds.?

AL ESTUDIANTE: La segunda persona plural del mam no se divide en forma familiar y formal. Es igual que el ingles.

117 apuntar y preguntar

Tii cbiiye?

Tii qbii?

Tii tbii?

Tii cbii?

Tii tbiiye?

Tii nbiiye? traduccion

iComo se llama Ud.? Tii tbiiye? AComo se llaman Uds.? Tii cbiiye?

AComo nos llamamos (inc)? Tii qbii? AComo me llamo? Tii nbiiye?

AComo se llaman ellos? Tii cbii? AComo se llama ella (o el)? Tii tbii?

AComo nos llamamos (inc)? Tii qbii? AComo te llamas? Tii tbiiye? AComo se llaman ellas (o ellos)? Tii cbii? AComo me llamo yo? Tii nbiiye? AComo se llama el? Tii tbii? AC6mo nos llamamos (inc)? Tii qbii? AComo nos llamamos (exc)? Tii qbiiye? AComo se llaman ellos? Tii cbii? AComo se llaman Uds.? Tii cbiiye?

sustitucidn

(AComo nos llamamos) nosotros (inc)? Tii qbii? el (o ella) Tii tbii? ellas Tii cbii? yo Tii nbiiye? Uds. Tii cbiiye? tu Tii tbiiye? (etc.)

118 actividad

El maestro indicara. a un estudiante. Este tendra que expresar la prepunta correcta segun lo que seflale el maestro.

De su propio punto de vista,

El maestro sefiala a": - El estudiante dice:

la Csgl (primera persona singular) Tii tbiiye? 2a Csgl (segunda persona singular) Tii nbiiye? 3a CsgH (tercera persona singular) Tii tbii? la y 3a Tii cbiiye? la y 2a Tii qbii? 2a y 3a Tii qbiiye?

memorizaci6n

Tii cbiiye? iComo se llaman Uds.? Waan nbiiye ex Xa7p tbii. Me llamo Juan y el se llama Sebastian.

actividad

1. El maestro darfi nombres nuevos a los miembros de la clase al fin de que cada estudiante tenga un nombre igual que otro estudiante de la clase. El fin de la actividad es de encontrar quienes tienen nombres identicos. Asf:

A. Tii tbiiye? B. Waan nbiiye. A. (a C) Tii tbiiye? C. Waan nbiiye. A. Aa! Juunx cbiiye!

A. Tii tbiiye? B. Waan nbiiye. A. (a C) Tii tbiiye? C. Ceel nbiiye. A. MiiaaT juunx cbiiye.

La misma actividad, pero esta vez los nombres se encontraran por medio de otro estudiante. Asf:

119 Tii tbiiq'a? NtiT ojsqi7n wu7ne (a C) Tii tbiiye? Waan nbiiye. (a A) Waan tbiiq'a Tii tbiiq'a? Nti? ojsqiTn wuTne (a D) Tii tbiiye? Waan nbiiye. (a A) Waan tbiiq'a Aa! Juunx cbiiq'a

Ciclo 2 modelo

Entoonses juunx qbii, Entonces tenemos el mismo nombre.

conclusion logica

1. Toona cbiiye, ax Toona tbii. Entoonses juunx cbiiye.

Waan cbiiye, ex Toona tbii. Entoonses miiaa7 juunx cbiiye,

Maarta cbiiye, ax Maarta tbii, Entoonses juunx cbiiye.

Veerta cbiiye, ex Maarta tbii, Entoonses miiaaT juunx cbiiye.

2. Yaan cbii, ax Yaan tbii. Juunx cbii.

Luus cbii, ax Luus tbii. Juunx cbii.

Wiit cbii, ex Yaan tbii. Miiaa7 juunx cbii.

Wiit cbii, ex Mai tbii. Miiaa7 juunx cbii.

comprensi6n

A. Tii tbiiye?

B. Waan Miintz nbiiye.

A. Chjoonte maa7qil qwitz. Paax Lops nbiiye.

B. Tii tbii tiitz'ine?

120 A. Yaan tbii.

B. Entoonses juunx tbii qiitz'in porke ax Yaan tbii wiitz'ine. respuesta apropiada

Tii tbii tiitz'in Waan Miintz?

Tii tbii tiitz'in Paax Lops?

Juunx tbii ciitz'in? actividad

1. Cada estudiante practicara el siguiente dialogo con su pareja:

A. Tii tbiiye? B. Jack Smith nbiiye. A. Chjoonte maaTqil qwitz. Bill Jones nbiiye.

2. Igual que arriba pero esta vez los estudiantes tienen que averiguar los nombres del padre, madre, hermanos menores y mayores de su pareja. memorizaci6n

A. Tii tbiiye? iComo te llamas? B. Laas nbiiye. Me llamo Laas. A. Ax Laas nbiiye. Yo me llamo Laas tambien. B. Entoonses juunx qbii. Entonces tenemos el mismo nombre.

comprensi6n

Waan Lops: Tii cbiiye?

Waan Miintz: Waan nbiiye ex Yaan tbii wiitz'ine.

Waan Lops: Ax Waan nbiiye. Juunx qbii. respuesta apropiada

Tii cbii?

121 Tii tbii tiitz'in Waan Miintz. comprensi6n

Waan Loops: Puees, tii tbii tiitz'ine, Waan Miintz?

Waan Miintz: Yaan tbii.

Waan Loops: Entoonses juunx tbii qiitz'in. respuesta apropiada

Tii tbii ciitz'in Waan Loops ex Waan Miintz?

Juunx tbii ciitz'in?

Ciclo 3 memorizaci6n

A. Tii tbii tmaane? A. AC6mo se llama tu padre? B. Laas tbii. B. Se llama Laas. A. Entoonses juunx qbiiye porke A. Entonces tenemos el mismo ax Laas nbiiye. nombre porque tambien me llamo Laas.

conclusi6n logica

Laas nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbiiye. Laas tbii tmaane.

Waana nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbiiye. Waana tbii tchuuTye.

Paax nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbiiye. Paax tbii tiitz'in.

Ceel nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbiiye. Ceel tbii ttzice.

Laas nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbii. Laas tbiiye.

122 Laas nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbiiye. Laas tbiiq'a.

Laas nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbii. Laas cbiiye.

Laas nbiiye ex Entoonses juunx qbiiye. Laas tbiixnaq.

ETC. cambio (al singular)

Laas qbii. Laas nbiiye ex Laas tbiiye.

Laas qbiiye. Laas nbiiye ex Laas tbii.

Laas qbii. Laas nbiiye ex Laas tbiiye.

Laas qbiiye. Laas nbiiye ex Laas tbii. cambio (al plural)

Laas qbii. Laas nbiiye ex Laas cbiiye.

Laas qbiiye. Laas nbiiye ex Laas cbii.

Laas qbii. Laas nbiiye ex Laas cbiiye,

Laas qbiiye. Laas nbiiye ex Laas cbii.

123 12U Lesson Six

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze:

1. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'who s e'.

Juun majtl:

2. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool a!7ee:

3. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'whose' tuj maam: al7ee

Cbiintze ju yool ju laapis luu7: h. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'this pencil'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam 'this pencil'

125 ju laapis luuT

al7ee Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam 'whose1

Cbiint7,ft: ( ) ( )

NtmnTn jluu7 'that nencil1

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool ju laapis kinn:

6. ( ) ( )

Tii ntma7n ju yool ju laapis kinn tuj inglees' that pencil

Ct.r.' iibinkuye tuj maam: ju liim kinn that lime ju liim luu7 this lime ju laapis luu7 this pencil ju laapis kinn that pencil ju laanch luu7 this orange ju laanch kinn that orange

Cbiintze ju yool jluu7:

126 T. ( ) ( )

this Tii ntma7n ju yool jluuT?

Cbiintze ju yool jkinn: ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'that (one)'

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

JluuT •this'

jkinn 1that (one)'

al7ee jluu7? 'whose is this?'

Lees? al7ee jkinn? 'whose is that?'

Cbiintze ju yool a!7ee ju laapis luu7?:

9. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool 'whose is that al7ee ju laapis kinn? pencil?':

Ask the question a!7ee jluu7? and pay close attention to the answer:

10. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'yours'.

127 Cbiintze ju yool teeye tuj maam:

11. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'yours' tuj maam: teeye

Ju yool 'weeye' ntmaTn 'mine' tuj inglees.

Cbiintze:

12. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool 'his' tuj maam:

13. ( ) ( ) tee

Cbiintze ju yool 'ours (inc)' tuj maam:

lH. ( ) ( ) qee

Cbiintze ju yool 'ours (exc)' tuj maam:

15. ( ) ( ) qeeye

Cbiintze ju yool 'yours (pi)' tuj maam:

16. ( ) ( ) ceeye

128 Cbiintze ju yool 'theirs' tuj maam:

17. ( ) ( ) cee

Here is a summary:

ju laapis luu7 this pencil

ju laapis kinn that pencil

jluu7 this (one)

jkinn that (one)

al7ee whose?

weeye mine

teeye yours (sg)

tee his

qeeye ours (excl)

qee ours (incl)

ceeye yours (pi)

cee theirs

There is one more item that you need to recognize. Cbiintze ju yool ju mees' ta7 chii7:

18. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'the table that" is over there'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: ju mees ta7 chii7 the table that is over there

129 ju laapis ta7 chiiT the pencil that is over there ju liivru ta7 chii7 the hook that is over there ju liivru luu7 this book ju liivru kinn that book

Here are the dialogs:

A. iDe quien es esto? B. Es de Uds.

19. A. ( ) A17ee jluu7? B. ( ) Ceeye.

A. iDe quien es esta mesa? B. Es mia.esta mesa.

20. A. ( ) A17ee ju mees luu7? B. ( ) Weeye ju mees luu7.

Find out what these words mean from the diction- ary or from the teacher:

mii7n xnaq'tzaal

130 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. alTee (2)

2. al7ee (2)

3. alTee (2)

k. ju laapis luuT (2) 5. ju laapis kinn(2)

6. ju laapis kinn(2)

7. Jluu7 (2) 8. jkinn(2)

9. al7ee ju laapis luu7? (2)

10. teeye (2)

11. teeye (2)

12. weeye (2)

13. tee (2) lU. qee (2) 15. qeeye (2)

16. ceeye (2)

17. cee (2)

18. ju mees ta7 chii7

19. (a) al7ee jluu7? (b) ceeye

20. (a) al7ee ju mees luu7? Ob) weeye ju mees luu7

131 132 Lesson Six

P^fWUNCIATIOI

Mam har. a contrast between long and r.hnrt voweln.

Cbii nt ze:

1. ( ) mal ( ) maal mal maal mal maal

Notice that mal is pronounced more lil-e the English word 'mull' while maal is more like 'mall'.

Cbiintze:

2. ( ) ( ) mal ( ) ( ) maal

Mark an X in the space if the word is mal: a. (X) 3. a. h. ( ) b. c (X) d. (X) d. e. ( )

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

( ) mal ( ) maal

133 ( ) mal ( ) maal

Cbiintze ju yool lembil: 5. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool leembil:

6. ( ) ( )

Compare:

( ) ( ) lembil ( ) ( ) leembil ( ) lembil ( ) leembil

Note that leem is more like 'lame' in English while lem is more like 'lem' (lemming).

Write L if you hear a long vowel and S if short:

13U

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

( ) ( ) ciil ( ) ( ) cil ( ) ciil ( ) cil

Which sounds more like the English word 'keel'?

10. ( ) ciil ciil ( ) cil cil (cil/ciil) sounds more like 'kill'

First say the word, listen to it on tape, and then say it again.

11. cil ( ) cil ciil ( ) ciil cix ( ) cix tciix ( ) tciix cil ( ) cil ciil ( ) ciil

Cbiintze ju yool olc:

12. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool ook:

13. ( ) ( )

135 Compare:

lit. ( ) ( ) ok ( ) ( ) ook ( ) ok ( ) ook

Cmaantze ok_; ook:

15. ( ) ok ( ) ook ( ) ok ( ) ook

Mark an X in the space if the word you hear is ok:

(X) 16. a. ( ) b-. ( ) c. (X) d. ( ) e. (X) f.

Note the difference in pronunciation between ut z and uut z :

IT. ( ) utz ( ) uutz ( ) utz ( ) uutz

Ctz'iibinkuye: utz 18. ( ) uutz ( )

136 Juulil ( ) Julil ( ) uul ( ) cuw ( ) ncuuwe ( )

Cbiintze:

19. ( ) ( ) ma7x

Cbiintze:

20. ( ) ( ) tmaaTx

Compare:

21 ( ) maTx ( ) tmaa7x

Cbiintze:

22. ( ) ( ) pa7ch

Cbiintze:

23. ( ) ( ) tpaa7ch

137 Compare:

2k. ( ) ( ) paTch ) ( ) tpaa7ch

Cmaantze:

25. ( ) ( ) paTch ( ) ( ) tpaa7ch ( ) ( ) maTx ( ) ( ) tmaa7x

Notice that the same thing happens when the other vowels are followed by 7:

26. ( ) pe7n ( ) tpee7n ( ) bu7ch ( ) tbuu7ch ( ) o7x ( ) too7x

Put in a vowel if one needs to be added:

27. ( ) pe_7n tuu7j ) tu_7j maal ) ma_l ) tujfn ) i_7x ch'ooch' ) ch'o_ch' tk'uum ) tk'u m

Cmaantze, cbiintze ex cmaantze:

28. u7j ( ) u7j tuU7J ( ) tuu7j

13R peTn ) pe7n pee7n ) pee7n k'um ) k'um iiyaj ) iiyaj mal ) mal sich1 ) sich' siich' ) siich1 ch'ok ) ch'ok

139 lUo Manual del Instructor

PRONUNCIACION

1. (a) mal (2) 11. (a) cil (b) maal (2) (b) ciil (c) mal (c) cix (d) maal (d) tciix (e) mal (e) cil (f) maal (f) ciil

2. (a) mal (2) (b) maal (2) 12. ok (2)

3. (a) mal 13. ook (2) (b) maal (c) mal Ik. (a ok (2) (d) mal (b ook (2) (e) maal (c ok (d ook (a) mal (b) maal 15. (a ok (c) mal (b ook (d) maal (c ok (d ook lembil (2) 16. (a ok 6. leembil (2) (b ook (c ook 7. (a lembil (2) (d ok (b leembil (2) (e ook (c lembil (f ok (d leembil 17. (a utz 8. (a lembil (b uutz (b leembil (c utz (c maal (d uutz (d mal (e puaq 18. (a utz (f tpuaaq (b uutz (g bech (c juulil (d Julil 9. (a ciil (2) (e uul (t ) cil (2) (f cuw (c ciil (g ncuuwe (d ) cil 19. ma7x (2) 0. (a ciil (b ) cil 20. tmaa7x (2)

lHl 21. (a) ma7x (b) tmaa7x

22. paTch (2)

23. tpaa7ch (2)

2k. (a) pa7ch (2) (b) tpaa7ch (2)

25. (a) pa7ch (2) (b) tpaa7ch (2) (c) ma7x (d) tmaa7x

26. (a) pe7n (b) tpee7n (c) bu7ch (d) tbuu7ch (e) o7x (f) too7x

27. (a pe7n (b tuu7j (c maal (d tu7n (e i7x (f ch'ooch' (g tk'uum' 28. (a u7j (b ) tuu7j (c pe7n (d pee7n (e k'um (f i iiyaj (g mal (h 1 sich' (i ) siich1 (J ) ch'ok

lU2 Leccion Seis

Etapa Principal

Ciclo 1 modelo

Ceeye. Es de Uds,

traducei6n tuyo teeye de ellas (ellos) cee nuestro (inc) qee mio we eye de ella (el) tee de Uds. ceeye nuestro (exc) qeeye modelo

A17ee JluuT? iDe quien es esto?

cbiintze - cmaantze cambio

1. ju laapis luu7 jluu7

ju laapis ta7 chii7 jkinn

ju mees luu7 jluu7

1U3 ju mees ta7 chiiT jkinn

2. jluuT (mees) ju mees luu7

jkinn(mees) ju mees ta7 chii7

jluu7 (laapis) ju laapis luu7

jkinn(laapis) Ju laapis ta7 chii7

sustituci6n

Jluu7 A17ee jluu7?

laanch A17ee ju laanch luu7?

jluu7 A17ee jluu7? mees A17ee ju mees luu7?

liim A17ee ju liim luu7?

Jluu7 A17ee jluu7?

limuunch A17ee ju limuunch luu7?

laapis A17ee ju laapis luu7?

memorizaci6n

A17ee Jluu7? iDe quien es esto? Ceeye. Es de Uds.

memorizaci6n - dramatizaci6n

respuesta apropiada

A17ee Jluu7?

Tiitqal jluu7?

A17ee ju luu7?

Tii tbii jluu7?

lUU Ciclo 2 modelo

Weeye ju mees luu7? Es mia esta mesa.

cbiintze - cmaantze

integraci6n

Weeye ju mees luuT Tee ju mees luu7 -+ Qeeye Ju mees luu7.

Weeye ju mees luu7 Teeye Ju mees luu7 -»• Qee ju mees luu7»

Cee Ju mees luu7 Ceeye ju mees luu7 -+ Ceeye ju mees luu7.

Tee ju mees luu7 Tee ju mees luu7 -> Cee ju mees luu7-

Teeye Ju mees luu7 Tee ju mees luu7 •+ Ceeye ju mees luu7«

traducci6n

es m£o weeye

es suyo (de el) tee

es nuestro (inc) qee

es nuestro (exc) qeeye

es de ellos (ellas) cee

cs de Uds. ceeye

traduccifin

no es nuestro (inc) miiaa7 qee

1U5 no es suyo (de el o ella) miiaa7 tee no es de Uds. miiaa7 ceeye no es mio miiaa7 weeye deducei6n (se precisa hacer el ejercicio individualmente)

Maestro Estudiante

Qeeye ju liivru kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 weeye ju liivru kinn.

Teeye ju u7j kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 teeye ju u7j kinn.

Ceeye ju u7J kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 tee ju u7j kinn.

Tee ju cheej kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 q.ee ju cheej kinn.

Cee ju laanch kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 ceeye ju laanch kinn.

Qeeye ju jaa kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 teeye ju jaa kinn.

Teeye ju raees kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 qeeye ju mees kinn.

Tee Ju meloon kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 ceeye ju meloon kinn.

Ceeye ju laapis kinn. Entoonses miiaa7 teeye ju laapis kinn. transformacio'n

Ceeye Ju u7J ta7 chii7. Miiaa7 ceeye.

Teeq'a ju u7j ta7 chii7. Miiaa7 teeq'a.

Qeeye ju laapis ta7 chii7. Miiaa7 qeeye.

Ceechin ju laanch ta7 chii7. Miiaa7 ceechin,

Qee Ju mees ta7 chii7. Miiaa7 qee. modelo

A17ee ju mees luu7? iDe quien es esta mesa?

1U6 cbiintze - cmaantze sustituci6n laanch A17ee ju laanch luuT? kinn AlTee ju laanch kiln? liivru A17ee ju liivru kinn? luuT A17ee ju liivru luu7? mees A17ee ju mees luu7? traducci6n mi naranja nlaanche es mia la naranja (la naranja es m£a) weeye ju laanch nuestra (inc) mesa qmees es nuestra la mesa (la mesa es nuestra) gee ju mees su mesa (de el o ella) tmees es suya la mesa tee ju mees su mesa (de ellos o ellas) cmees es de ellos la mesa (la mesa es de ellos) cee ju mees tu mesa tmeese es tuya la mesa (la mesa es tuya) teeye ju mees memorizacifin

A. A17ee ju mees luu7? JDe quien es esta mesa? B. Weeye ju mees luu7. Es mia esta mesa.

1U7 act'ividad

1. Los estudiantes entregaran al maestro un articulo personal (como un lapiz, por ejemplo). Despues el maestro y los estudiantes haran un dialogo. Asf: Maestro: AlTee ju laapis luu7? (indicando al estudiante B) Teeye, Ruth?

Ruth: MiiTn'I MiiaaT weeye. Tee Steve ju laapis.

Maestro: Steve, teeye ju laapis luuT?

Steve: Weeye. Chjoonteye xnaq'tzaal. (Los estudiantes podran hacer el papel del maestro tambien)

2. Otro diSlogo que se podra usar va asi: Maestro: AlTee ju laapis luuT? (indicando al estudiante B) Teeye, Bill?

Bill: Miiaa7 weeye. David, teeye ju laapis kin? David: Weeye. Chjoonteye, Bill. comprension

1. Tee Roveerto ju siiya taT chii7, Es de Roberto la silla que esta peero miiaa? tee Roveerto ju siiya alia, pero esta silla no es de luuT. gl. 2. Jluu7 nlaapise peero ju laapis ta7 Esto es mi lapiz pero el lapiz que chii7 miiaa7 weeye siino tee Samueel. esta alia no es mio sino de Samuel. respuesta apropiada

1. A17ee ju siiya ta7 chii7? 2. Tee Roveerto ju siiya luu7?

3. Weeye ju laapis ta7 chii7? k. Tee Samueel ju laapis luu7?

5. Tee Samueel ju laapis ta7 chii7?

1U8 comprensi6n

Aju jaa kinri tee Taat Cheep. Esa casa es de Taat Cheep.

Ju jaa luuT tee tmaan Taat Cheep. Esta casa es del padre de Taat Cheep.

Tee Naan Liina ju jaa ta? chii7. Es de Naan Liina la casa que esta alia.

lU9 150 Lesson Seven

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze jluu7:

1. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT 'I know his name'

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool lo7n tbii wuTne:

2. ( ) ( )

Ju yool lo7n tbii wu7ne ntam7n 'I know his name'.

Ctz 'iibinkuye tuj maam: lo7n tbiiye wu7ne 'I know your (sg) name' lo7n cbiiye wu7ne 'I know your (pi) name' lo7n cbii wu7ne 'I know their name'

Cbiintze ju yool lo7n nbiiye tu7n:

3. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'He (or she) knows my name'

Ju yool lo7n nbiiye tu7n ntma7n 'he (or she) knows my name'.

151 Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: ju lo7n qbii tu7n He knows our (inc) name lo7n cbii tu7n He knows their name lo7n cbiiye tu7n He knows your (pi) name lo7n tbiiye tu7n He knows your (sg) name lo7n tbii tu7n He knows his name

Cbiintze ju yool 'we know his name'

U. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yooj. lo7n tbii qu7n:

5. ( ) ( )

Ju yool lo7n tbii qu7n ntma7n 'we (inc) know his name'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool:

lo7n tbii wu7ne I know his name

lo7n tbii tu7n He knows his name

lo7n tbii cu7n They know his name

lo7n tbii tu7ne You (sg) know his name

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool:

ju laapis luu7 this pencil

152 ju laapis kinn that pencil

Ju yool xjaal ntma7n 'person'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool: ju xjaal luuT this person ju xjaal kinn that person

Cbiintze ju yool 'I know this person's name' ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool loTn tbii ju xjaal wuTne luu7:

T. ( ) ( )

Ju yool lo7n tbii ju xjaal wuTne luuT ntma7n 'I know this person's name'.

Cbiintze ju yool lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne kinn: ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees:

lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne luu7

I know this person's name

153 lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne kinn

I know that person's name

lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne ta7 chii7

1 know the name of the person who is over there

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool 'you know his lo7n tbii tu7ne name':

yo

Cbiintze:

9. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'do you know his name?'.

Cbiintze juun majtl:

10. ( ) ( ) lo7npe tbii tu7ne:

Compare:

11. A. ( ) lo7n tbii tu7ne You know his name.

B. ( ) lo7npe tbii tu7ne? Do you know his name? pe What is the particle that indicates the question?

15U Pe is used to indicate a question which can be answered affirmatively or negatively.

Which is a question?

A. LoTnpe tbii tuTne

B. LoTn tbii tuTne

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmajn ju yool lo7npe tbii you know his name tuTne? tuj inglees :

Ask the question lo7npe tbii tu7ne? and pay close attention to the answer:

12. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'yes'. In Mam there is no single word that means 'yes'. Usually the first word of the question is used with the intonation pattern that you heard.

Cbiintze juun majtl:

13. ( ) ( ) loonl ime. Note that the upside down exclamation point is used to mark the 'yes' intonation pattern. 3 name? uestion?

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

lU. ( ) ( ) looni

155 ( ) ( ) looni

If the following are questions, answer with looni. Otherwise make no response. (Remember that questions are marked with the particle pe) looni 15. looni looni

Cbiintze ju yool mii7ni:

16. ( ) ( )

This word is most often used as 'no' in ans- wering a yes-no question.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool mii7ni

17. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

If the following are questions, answer with the negative particle mii7ni.

18. miiTni mii7ni mii7ni

15* Cbiintze ju yool lo7n twitz wu7ne:

19. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'I know him'.

Cbiintze ju yool 'I know them'

20. ( ) ( ) lo7n cwitz wu7ne

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

lo7n cwitz wu7ne I know them

lo7n twitze wu7ne I know you (sg)

lo7n cwitze wu7ne I know you (pi)

lo7n twitz wu7ne I know him

Here are the dialogs:

A. iSabes su nombre? B. Si, se llama Maria.

21. A. ( ) Lo7npe tbii tu7ne? B. ( ) Looni Mai tbii. th the

A. iSabes el nombre de aquella persona? B. Sf, se llama Pascual.

22. A. ( ) Lo7npe tbii ju xjaal tu7ne kinn? B. ( ) Looni Paax tbii.

157 Find out what the following mean. (Consult with the dictionary or ask the teacher) puuro goordo puuro liist puuro toont puuro cee siich'in

puuro cee yoolin puuro cee sookon

xjaal

xiinaq

xuTj

158 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. loTn tbii wuTne (2) 19. lo7n twitz wu7ne (2)

2. lo7n tbii wuTne (2) 20. lo7n cwitz wu7ne (2)

3. loTn nbiiye tu7n (2) 21. (a) lo7npe tbii tu7ne? (b) looni Mai tbii k. loTn tbii qu7n (2) 22. (a) lo7npe tbii ju xjaal 5. loTn tbii qu7n (2) tu7ne kinn? (b) looni Paax tbii 6. lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne luu7 (2)

7. lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne luu7 (2)

8. lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne kinn(2)

9. lo7npe tbii tu7ne? (2)

10. lo7npe tbii tu7ne? (2)

11. (a) lo7n tbii tu7ne (b) lo7npe tbii tu7ne?

12. looni (2)

13. looni (2) lit. (a) looni (2) (b) looni (2)

15. (a) lo7npe tbii tu7ne? (b) lo7n tbii tu7ne (c) lo7n tbii wu7ne (d) lo7npe tbii cu7ne? (e) lo7npe tbii cu7n?

16. mii7ni (2)

17. (a) mii7ni (2) (b) mii7ni (2)

18. (a) lo7n tbii tu7ne (b) lo7npe tbii tu7ne? (c) lo7npe tbii tu7n Esteevan? (d) lo7n tbii tu7n Esteevan (e) lo7npe tbii qu7n?

159 i6o Leccion Siete

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Looni Mai tbii, Si, se llama Maria.

cbuntze - cmaantze traduccidn de vocabulario nuevo mii7ni puuro lisst muy listo puuro toont muy tonto puuro cee siich'in muy fumador puuro cee yoolin muy cortes puuro cee sookon muy chistoso xjaal persona

xiinaq. hombre

xu7j mujer modelo

Lo7npe tbii tu7ne? iSabes su nombre?

cbiintze - cmaantze

lfil sustituci6n

cu7ne LoTnpe nbiiye cuTne?

cuTn LoTnpe nbiiye cuTn?

tu7ne LoTnpe nbiiye tu7ne?

tuTn Lo7npe nbiiye tuTn?

Taat Cheep LoTnpe nbiiye tuTn Taat Cheep?

quTne LoTnpe nbiiye quTne?

quTne LoTnpe nbiiye wuTne?

sustitucion

nbiiye LoTnpe nbiiye tuTne?

qbii LoTnpe qbii tuTne?

tbii LoTnpe tbii tuTne?

qbiiye LoTnpe qbiiye tuTne?

nbiiye LoTnpe nbiiye tuTne?

tbii LoTnpe tbii tuTne?

cbiiye LoTnpe cbiiye tuTne?

cbii LoTnpe cbii tuTne?

nbiiye LoTnpe nbiiye tuTne?

sustitucion variable

qbiiye LoTnpe qbiiye cuTne?

tu'Tn LoTnpe qbiiye tuTn?

nbiiye LoTnpe nbiiye tuTn?

cbii LoTnpe cbii tuTn?

cuTne LoTnpe cbii cuTne?

162 tuTne Lo7npe cbii tu7ne? cu7n Lo7npe cbii cu7n? nbiiye Lo7npe nbiiye cu7n? tbiiye Lo7npe tbiiye cu7n? cuTne Lo7npe tbiiye cu7ne? quTne Lo7npe tbiiye qu7ne? qbiiye LoTnpe qbiiye qu7ne? traducci6n

A. LoTnpe nbiiye tu7ne? iSabes mi nombre?

LoTnpe tbii tu7ne? iSabes el nombre de el?

Lo7npe cbiiye tu7ne? iSabes el nombre de Uds.?

Lo7npe cbii tu7ne? iSabes el nombre de ellos?

B. Lo7npe qbii tu7n? iSabe el nuestros nombres?

Lo7npe qbiiye tu7n? iSabe el nuestros nombres?

Lo7npe tbii tu7n? iSabe el su nombre?

Lo7npe tbiiye tu7n? iSabe el tu nombre?

Lo7npe cbiiye tu7n? iSabe el los nombres de Uds.?

Lo7npe qbii tu7n? iSabe el nuestros (inc) nombres?

C. Lo7npe nbiiye tu7ne? iSabes mi nombre?

LoTnpe tbii tu7ne? iSabes su nombre?

Lo7npe tbiiye tu7n? iSabe el tu nombre?

Lo7npe cbii tu7n? iSabe el los nombres de ellos?

Lo7npe qbii tu7n? iSabe el nuestros, nombres?

Lo7npe qbiiye tu7n? iSabe: £1 nuestros nombres?

Lo7npe tbii qu7n? iSabemos su nombre?

Lo7npe cbiiye qu7ne? iSabemos el nombre de Uds.? 1*3 transformacion

LoTn twitz tuTne, LoTnpe twitz tuTne?

Lo7n twitz qu7ne. LoTnpe twitz quTne?

Lo7n twitz cu7ne. Lo7npe twitz cu7ne?

Lo7n twitz tu7n. LoTnpe twitz tu7n?

LoTn twitz quTn. Lo7npe twitz quTn?

discriminaci6n

LoTn tbii tuTne. Lo7npe tbii tu7ne? Looni

Lo7n qbiiye cu7ne. Lo7npe tbiiye tuTn? Looni

Lo7n qbii tu7n. LoTn nbiiye cuTn. LoTnpe qbii tuTn? Looni LoTnpe nbiiye cuTn? Looni

LoTn cbii quTn. LoTnpe tbii quTn? Looni

memorizacion

LoTnpe tbii tuTne? iSabes su nombre? Looni Mai tbii. Sf, se llama Marfa.

actividad

Estudiante A preguntara a estudiante B si sabe el nombre de un tercer estudiante. Estudiante B dira que af, sabe su nombre. Asf:

A. LoTnpe twitz tuTne? B. Looni LoTn tbii wuTne. Bob tbii.

16U comprension

LoTn juun xjaal wuTne Paax tbii.

Lo7n juun xjaal tu7ne Waan tbii.

Lo7n juun xjaal cu7n John Wayne tbii, respuesta apropiada tcontesta looni o mn7ni)

1. Lo7npe juun xjaal tu7ne John Wayne tbii?

2. Lo7npe juun xjaal wu7ne Paax tbii?

3. Lo7npe juun xjaal cu7n Waan tbii?

actividad

1. Cada estudiante preguntara a su pareja el nombre de otro estudiante en la clase. La conversacion anda asi':

A. Lo7npe tbii ju xjaal tu7ne ta7 chn7? B. Looni Bill tbii.

2. La misraa actividad, pero usando esta vanacion:

A. Lo7npe tu7n Jack tbii ju xjaal kinn? B. Nti7 ojsqi7n wu7ne. Jack, lo7npe tbii ju xjaal tu7ne kinn? C. Looni Danieel tbii.

actividad

1. Los estudiantes se arreglaran en lfneas de tres. Asi:

Nc. 1 1 1 1

No. 2 2 2 2

No. 3 3 3 3

No. 1 preguntara al No. 2 cualquier informaci6n gue quiere saber acerca del No. 3. No. 2 le hara' las preguntas al No. 3, y despues de saber, la respuesta, volvera con la respuesta al No. 1.

Por ejemplo:

165 No. 1 al No. 2: Tii tbii ju xjaal taT chiiT1:

No. 2 al No. 3: Tii tbiiye?

No. 3 al No. 2: Waan ribiiye.

No. 2 al No. 1: Waan tbii.

o tal vez:

No. 1 al No. 2: LoTnpe nbiiye tu7n?

No. 2 al No. 3: LoTnpe tbii tu7ne?

No. 3 al No. 2: Looni Waan tbii.

No. 2 al No. 1: Waan tbiiye.

Ciclo 2 modelo

Looni Paax tbii, Si, se llama Pascual.

cbiintze - cmaantze modelo

Lo7npe tbii ju xjaal tu7ne kinn? iSabes el nombre de aquella persona?

traduceion

Lo7npe tbii ju xjaal cu7ne kinn? iSaben Uds. el nombre de aquella persona?

Lo7npe tbii ju xiinaq cu7ne kinn? iSaben Uds. el nombre de aquel nombre?

Lo7npe tbii ju xu7j cu7ne kinn? iSaben Uds. el nombre de aquella mujer?

166 Lo7npe tbn ju xu7j cu7ne luuT' iSaben Uds. ei nombre de esta mujer? traduccion - sustitucidn mujer Lo7n wu7ne ju xu7j ta7 chn7. persona Lo7n vru7ne ju xjaal ta7 chii7. hombre Lo7n wu7ne ju xnnaq ta7 chn7. mujer Lo7n wu7ne ju xu7j ta? chn7. hombre Lo7n wu7ne ju xnnaq ta7 chii7. persona Lo7n wu7ne ju xjaal ta7 chn7. hombre Lo7n wu7ne ju ximaq. ta7 chn7. sustitucion taT chuT Lo7n wu7ne ju xjaal ta7 chn7. luu7 Lo7n wu7ne ju xjaal luu7. luu7 Lo7n wu7ne ju xjaal luu7. ta7 chn7 Lo7n wu7ne ja xjaal ta7 chn7. kinn Lo7n wu7ne ju xjaal kinn. ta7 chn7 Lo7n wu7ne ju xjaal ta7 chii7. tr ans formacion

Lo7n ju xjaal qu'fne luu7. Lo7npe ju xjaal qu7ne luu7?

Lo7n ju xjaal cu7ne ta7 chii?. Lo7npe ju xjaal cu7ne ta7 chii7?

Lo7n ju xjaal tu7ne kinn. Lo7npe ju xjaal tu7ne kinn?

Lo7n ju xjaal wu7ne luu7. Lo7npe ju xjaal wu7ne luu7?

Lo7n ju xjaal cu7n ta7 chii7 . Lo7npe ju xjaal cu7n ta7 chii7?

Lo7n ju xjaal tu7n ta7 chii7. Lo7npe ju xjaal tu7n ta7 chii7?

16 memorizacion

LoTnpe tbii ju xjaal tuTne kinn? iSabes el nombre de aquella persona? Looni Paax tbii. Si, se llama Pascual.

comprensi6n

A. Lo7npe tbii nmaane tu7ne?

B. Cheep tbii.

A. LoTnpe tbii nchuuTye tuTne?

B. Mai tbii. respuesta apropiada

1. LoTnpe nmaane tu7ne?

2. Tii tbii nmaane?

3. LoTnpe nchuuTye tuTne? h. Puees , tii tbii? comprensi6n

A. LoTnpe tbii nchmaane cuTne?

B. Looni Peedro tbii.

A. LoTnpe tbii wiitz'ine cuTne?

B. Looni XaTp tbii. respuesta apropiada

1. LoTnpe nchmaane cuTne?

2. Tii tbii nchmaane?

3. LoTnpe wiitz'ine cuTne?

168 U. Tn tbii? receticion

Puuro goordo ju xjaal loTn wuTne. La persona que conozco es gorda.

Puuro liist ju xjaal lo'7n wu7ne. La persona que conozco es lista.

Puuro toont ju xjaal loTn wuTne. La persona que conozco es tonta.

Puuro cee siich'in ju xjaal loTn La persona que conozco es fumadora. wu7ne.

Puuro cee sookon ju xjaal lo7n La persona que conozco es chistosa. wu7ne. comprension

Puuro goordo ju xjaal lo7n wu7ne.

Puuro lust ju xjaal lo7n tu7n Roveerto,

Puuro cee siich'in ju xjaal lo7n cu7ne. respuesta apropiada

1. Puuro goordo ju xjaal lo7n tu7n Roveerto?

2. Puuro goordo ju xjaal lo7n wu7ne?

3. Puuro cee siich'in ju xjaal lo7n cu7ne?

U. Puuro lisst ju xjaal loTn tu7n Roveerto? actividad

Cada estudiante escogera a alguien de la clase sobre quien va a hablar. Los demas adivinaran como se llama. Asi:

A. Puuro goordo ju xjaal lo7n wu7ne, peero saveer tii tbii. Lo7nDe tbii cu7ne?

Xh'i yoi

he

yoi

the

we

170 Lesson Eight

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze ju yool na'fn wu7ne:

1. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu? 'I remember'.

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool na7n wu7ne ex cmaantze: !. ( ) ( )

Ju yool na7n wu7ne ntma7n 'I remember'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees til ntma7n ju yool: you (sgj remember na7n tu7ne he (or she) remembers na7n tu7n you (pi) remember na7n cu7ne they remember na7n cu7n we (inc) remember na7n qu7n

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool nti7 na7n wu7ne:

3. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I don't remember1.

171 Ju yool nti7 na7n wu7ne ntmaTn 'I don't remember'

Tii ntma7n ju yool nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne?

1 don't remember his name

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool nti7 na7n tbii tu7ne:

h. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: na7n wu7ne I remember nti7 na7n wu7ne I don't remember na7n tbii wu7ne I remember his name nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne I don't remember his name na7n nbiiye tu7n Roveerto Robert remembers my name nti7 na7n nbiiye tu7n Robert doesn't remember my name Roveerto

Ju yool na7npe tbii tu7ne ntma7n 'do you (sg) remember his name?'

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

5. ( ) ( )

172 Cbiintze ex cmaantze juun majtl:

6. ( ) ( j

Ctz'iibmkuye tn ntmaTn jluu7 tuj inglees:

Do you (sg) remember his name?

Ctz'iibmkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool nti7pe naTn Don't you remember tbiitujne?: his name?

Cbiintze jluu7:

7. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'doesn't Robert remember my name?'

Cbiintze ex cmaantze juun majtl ju yool 'nti'7pe na7n nbiiye tu7n Roveerto?' ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam tii ntma7n:

Doesn't Robert remember my name?

Wti7pe na7n nbiiye tu7n Roveerto?

Doesn't Robert remember Pedro's name?

Nti7Pe naJn tbii Peedro tu7n Roveerto?

173 Doesn't Robert remember your (sg) name?

Ntilpe naTn tbiiye tu7n RoveertoY

Doesn't Robert remember our (inc) name?

Nti7pe naTn qbii tuTn Roveerto?

Cbiintze jluuT:

9. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'who remembers?'

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool alcee na7n tu7n?:

10. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool who remembers?:

Alcee na7n tu7n?

Ju yool alcee na7n tu7n ntma?n 'who remembers?'

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n:

Who remembers my name? alcee na7n nbiiye tu7n?

Who remembers your (sg) alcee na7n tbiiye tu7n? name?

Who remembers their alcee na7n cbii tu7n? name?

Who remembers your (pi) alcee na7n cbiiye tu7n? name?

Ilk Here are the dialogs:

A. iRecuerdas mi nombre? B. Si, te llamas Pascual.

11. A. ( ) LoTnpe nbnye tuTne? B. ( ) Naani Paax tbiiye.

A. iQuien recuerda el nombre de aquella persona? B. No recuerdo su nombre, pero lo conozco.

A. ( ) Alcee naTn tuTn tbii ju xjaal ta7 chiiT? ( ) NtiT naTn tbii wu7ne, peero lo?n twitz wu7ne,

You will need to know the meaning of this word. 7n7 Find out from the teacher:

nti7 trasoone

175 176 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. na7n wuTne (2)

2. naTn vmTne (2)

3. nti7 na7n wu7ne (2J

h. nti7 na7n tbii tu7ne (2)

5- na7npe tbii tu7ne? (2)

6. na7npe tbii tu7ne? (2)

7. nti7pe na7n nbiiye tu7n Roveerto? (2)

8. nti7pe na7n nbiiye tu7n Roveerto? (2)

9. alcee na7n tu7n? (2)

10. alcee na7n tu7n? (2)

11. (a) lo7npe nbiiye tu7ne? (b) naani Paax tbiiye

12. (a) alcee na7n tu7n tbii ju xjaal ta7 chii7? (b) nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne, peero lo7n twitz w7ne

177 17 ft Leccion Ocho

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Naani Paax tbiiye, Si, te llamas Pascual

cbiintze - cmaantze traducci6n - sustitucion my name Naani Paax nbiiye. your (sg) name Naani Paax tbiiye. your (pi) name Naani Paax cbiiye.

our (exc) name Naani Paax qbiiye. modelo

NaTnpe nbiiye tuTne? iRecuerdas mi nombre?

sustitucion

tu7ne NaTnpe nbiiye tu7ne?

quTn Na7npe nbiiye qu7n?

cujn Na7npe nbiiye cu7n?

tuTn Na7npe nbiiye tu7n?

cu7ne Na7npe nbiiye cu7ne?

tuTn Na7npe nbiiye tu7n?

179 sustituci6n simple tbii NaTnpe tbii tuTne? cbii NaTnpe cbii tuTne? nbiiye NaTnpe nbiiye tuTne? cbnye NaTnpe cbiiye tuTne? tbiiye NaTnpe tbiiye tuTne? qbii NaTnpe qbii tuTne? qbiiye NaTnpe qbiiye tuTne? respuesta afirmativa

Lo7npe qbiiye tuTn? Looni

Juunxpe cbii? Juunx i

Na7npe tbiiye tuTn? Naani

Juunxpe qbii? Juunx i

NaTnpe tbii tuTn? Naani

LoTnpe cbiiye tuTn? Looni

Juunxpe qbiiye? Juunxi

NaTnpe nbiiye tuTn? Naani

LoTnpe tbii tuTn? Looni traduceion

NaTnpe tuTne? £Lo recuerdas tu?

LoTnpe tuTne? iLo conoces tu?

LoTnpe cuTne? iLo conocen Uds.?

NaTnpe tuTne? ALo recuerdas tu?

180 memorizaci6n

NaTnpe n'biiye tu7ne? iRecuerdas mi nombre? Naani Paax tbiiye. Si, te llamas Pascual.

actividad

1. Un miembro de la clase preguntara a su pareja si recuerda el nombre del presidente de Guatemala, los EE. UU., etc. Su pareja dara la respuesta correcta. Asi:

A. NaTnpe tbn presideent tu7ne tee Guatemaala? B. Naani Monteneegro tbii.

2. La misma actividad, pero esta vez usando el dialogo siguiente:

A. Na7npe tbii presideent tu7ne tee Guatemaala? B. Mii7ni Nti7 na7n wu7ne. Bill, na7npe tbii presideent tu7ne tee Guatemaala? C. Naani Monteneegro tbii.

3. Igual que amba, pero ahora:

A. Na7npe tbii presideent tu7ne tee Guatemaala? B. Mn7ni Nti7 na7n wuTne. Bill, na7npe tuTne tii tbii presideent tee Guatemaala? C. Naani Monteblaanco tbii. D- Nti7 trasoone. Monteneegro tbii.

actividad

Estudiante A empezara" una conversacion asi':

Na7n wu7ne tii ntma7n ju yool 'bueno' tuj maam, peero nti7 na7n wu7ne tii ntma7n ju yool 'no es bueno'. Bill, na7npe tu7ne tii ntma7n ju yool 'no es bueno' tuj maam?

Chite Bill: Naani Ju yool 'no es bueno' ntma7n miiaa7 ba7n tuj maam, peero nti7 na7n wu7ne tii ntma7n ju yool 'no tienes razon'. Jack, na7npe tu7ne tii ntma7n ju yool 'no tienes raz6n' tuj maam?

ETC.

181 comprension

Na7n tbii wuTne ju xu7J ta7chiiT, peero nti7 na7n wu7ne tbii ju xu7j luu7. Ju xu7j ta7 chii7 Liina tbii. respuesta apropiada

Tn tbii ju xu7j' ta7 •dhii7?

Tn tbii ju xu7j- Iuu7?

Na7npe tbii ju xu7j wu7ne luu7?

verdad o no es verdad

Si el maestro dice una cosa verdadera la clase dice at trasoone, pero si lo que dice no es verdad, la clase dice nti7 trasoone. (Se precisa hacer las respuestas individualmente)

A. Nixon tbii ju presideent tee los Estaados Uniidos.

B. Nixon nbiiye.

C. Nixon tbiiye.

D. Nti7 na7n tu7ne tii ntma7n ju yool 'bueno' tuj maam.

ETC.

Ciclo 2

modelo

Nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne, peero lo7n No recuerdo su nombre, pero twitz wu7ne. lo conozco.

cbiintze - cmaantze

sustituci6n simple

tbii Nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne.

182 qbii NtiT na7n qbii wuTne.

cbiiye Nti7 na7n cbiiye wuTne. nbiiye NtiT naTn nbiiye wuTne.

tbnye NtiT naTn tbiiye wuTne.

qbiiye NtiT naTn qbiiye wuTne.

cbiiye NtiT naTn cbiiye wuTne.

traducci6n

NtiT naTn tbii wuTne. No recuerdo su nombre.

NtiT naTn qbii wuTne. No recuerdo nuestro nombre (inc).

NtiT naTn nbiiye wuTne. No recuerdo mi nombre.

NtiT naTn tbiiye wuTne. No recuerdo tu nombre.

NtiT naTn cbii wuTne. No recuerdo su nombre (de ellos) •

NtiT naTn qbiiye wuTne. No recuerdo nuestro nombre (exc),

NtiT naTn cbiiye wuTne. No recuerdo su nombre (de Uds.).

sustitucion simple

tbii NaTnpe tbii tuTn?

cbiiye NaTnpe cbiiye tuTn?

qbii NaTnpe qbii tuTn?

nbiiye NaTnpe nbiiye tuTn?

tbiiye NaTnpe tbiiye tuTn?

qbiiye NaTnpe qbiiye tuTn?

cbii NaTnpe cbii tuTn?

183 integraci6n

Nti7 naTn tbii wuTne. Nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne, peero lo7n Lo7n twitz wu7ne. twitze wu7ne.

Nti7 na7n tbii tu7n Taat Cheep. Nti7 na7n tbii tu7n Taat Cheep, Lo7n twitz tu7n Taat Cheep. peero lo7n twitz tu7n.

Nti7 na7n tbii qu7n. Nti7 na7n tbii qu7n, peero lo7n Lo7n twitz qu7n. twitz qu7n.

Nti7 na7n tbii cu7n. Nti7 na7n tbii cu7n, peero lo7n Lo7n twitz cu7n . twitz cu7n.

Alcee na7n tu7n tbii ju xjaal iQuien recuerda el nombre de ta7 chii7? aquella persona?

cbiintze - cmaantze traduce ion

Na7n tbii tu7n. El recuerda su nombre (de el).

Na7n cbii tu7n. El recuerda su nombre (de ellos).

Na7n qbiiye tu7n. El recuerda nuestro nombre (exc),

Na7n cbiiye tu7n. El recuerda su nombre (de Uds.).

Na7n nbiiye tu7n. El recuerda mi nombre.

Na7n qbii tu7n. El recuerda nuestro nombre (inc),

Na7n tbiiye tu7n. El recuerda tu nombre.

respuesta apropiada

Na7npe nbiiye tu7ne? Naani Liix tbiiye.

Alcee na7n tbiiye tu7n? Na7n nbiiye tu7n.

Na7npe qbii tu7ne? Naani Ceel qbii.

18U NaTnpe cbiiye tuTne? Naani Paax qbiiye.

Alcee naTn tbii tuTn? NaTn tbii tuTn.

NaTnpe cbii tuTne? Naani Peedro cbii.

Alcee na7n nbiiye tu7n? NaTn tbiiye wuTne.

Alcee naTn tbiiye tuTn? NaTn nbiiye tuTne.

Alcee naTn qbii tuTn? NaTn qbii wuTne,

Alcee naTn cbii tuTn? NaTn cbii \mjne.

Alcee naTn tbii tuTn? NaTn tbii wuTne.

Alcee naTn cbiiye tuTn? NaTn cbiiye wuTne. expansion dirigida

Alcee na7n tuTn (kinn)? Alcee naTn tuTn tbii ju xjaal kinn?

Alcee naTn tuTn (luuT)? Alcee naTn tuTn tbii ju xjaal luuT?

Alcee naTn tuTn (taT chiiT)' Alcee naTn tuTn tbii ju xjaal taT chiiT?

Alcee naTn tuTn (kinn)? Alcee naTn tuTn tbii ju xjaal kinn?

Alcee naTn tuTn (luuT)? Alcee naTn tuTn tbii ju xjaal luuT? memorizaci6n

Alcee naTn tu7n tbii ju xjaal taT iQuien recuerda el nombre de chiiT? aquella persona? NtiT naTn tbii wu'Tne, peero loTn No recuerdo su nombre, pero twitz wuTne. lo conozco.

comentario guiado

1. Alcee naTn nbiiye tuTn? NtiT naTn tbiiye quTne, peero (lo7n twitze quTne)

2. Alcee loTn nwitze tuTn? NtiT loTn twitze quTne, peero (loTn tbiiye quTne)

185 3. Alcee loTn tbii nmaane tuTn? Nti7 loTn tbii tmaane quTne, peero (lo7n twitz qu7ne) h. Alcee loTn tbii tuTn? Nti'7 lo7n tbii qu7ne, peero _(lo7n twitz qu7ne)

5. Alcee lo7n tbii tmaane tu7n? Nti7 lo7n tbii nmaane cu7n, peero (lo7n twitz cu7n)

6. Alcee na7n qbiiye tu7n? Nti7 lo7n cbiiye qu7ne, peero (lo7n cwitze qu7ne) respuesta apropiada

Lo7npe nwitze tu7ne? Looni Lo7n twitze wu7ne.

Lo7npe cwitz tu7ne? Looni Lo7n cwitz wu7ne.

Lo7npe twitz cchmaan cti7ne? Looni Lo7n twitz cchmaan qu7ne.

Lo7npe twitz tchuu7 tu7ne? Looni Lo7n twitz tchuu7 wu7ne.

Lo7npe twitz wiitz'ine tu7ne? Looni Lo7n twitz tiitz'ine wu7ne.

Lo7npe twitz ttziic qu7n? Looni Lo7n twitz ttziic qu7n. respuesta dirigida

Wa7npe tbii tu7ne? Naani Peero nti7 lo7n twitz wu7ne.

Lo7npe twitz wu7ne? Looni Peero nti7 na7n tbii tu7ne.

Lo7npe twitz tu7ne? Looni Peero nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne.

Na7npe tbiiye tu7n? Naani Peero nti7 lo7n nwitze tu7n.

Lo7npe cwitz tu7ne? Looni Peero nti7 na7n cbii wu7ne.

Na7npe tbii nmaane cu7ne? Naani Peero nti7 lo7n twitz qu7ne.

Lo7npe qwitze tu7ne? Looni Peero nti7 na7n cbiiye wu7ne.

186 actividad twitz guTne)

Los miembros de la clase se dividiran en grupos de tres. El primer estu- quTne) diante preguntara: Alcee na7n tu7n tbii ju xjaal kinn?

El segundo dira: Nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne. (preguntando al tercero) Lo7npe twitz cu7n) ,]u xjaal tu7ne kinn?

El tercero dira: Looni tbii . cwitze qu7ne) comprension

Ju xjaal ta7 chii7 nti7 na7n tbii wu7ne, peero lo7n twitz wu7ne. Ju xjaal luu7, tmaan Paax Lo

respuesta apropiada lan quTne. iT wuTne. Lo7npe wu7ne tbii ju xjaal ta7 chii7? s'ine wu7ne. Lo7npe ju xjaal cu7ne luu7?

Lc qu7n. Alcee ju xjaal luu7?

twitz wu7ne.

tbii tu7ne.

tbii wu7ne.

nwitze tu7n.

cbii wu7ne.

twitz 'qu7ne.

cbiiye wu7ne.

187 I 1

I •

Yo

188 Lesson Nine

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze:

1. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I want'.

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool waje:

2. ( ) ( )

Cmaantze ju yool waje.

Ju yool puaq ntmaTn 'money'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees tii ntma7n waje puaq:

I want money

Cbiintze ju yool taje puaq:

3. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'you (sg) want money'

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees:

I want money waje puaq

You (sg) want money taje puaq

189 We (inc) want money qaj puaq

They want money caj puaq

Cbiintze ju yool 'Roberto wants money1

»*. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ex cmaantze taj Royeerto puaq: 5. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees taj Royeerto puaq:

Roberto wants money

Roveerto (is/is not) the subject of the sen- tence taj Royeerto puaq.

It is very important to keep in mind that in al- most all of the Mam sentences you will be dealing with from this point on, the subject will follow the verb.

Which is the correct order?

1. Roveerto taj puaq 2. taj puaq Roveerto 3. taj Roveerto puaq h. puaq Roveerto taj

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

190 Waje puaq I want money

Caj puaq They want money

Taj Paax Lops puaq Paax Lops (Pascual L6pez) wants money

Taj Bill puaq Bill wants money

Qaje puaq We (exc) want money

Cbiintze jluu7: 6. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuT 'do you want money?'

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool tajpeye puaq?: 7. ( ) ( )

Ju yool taje puaq ntma7n 'you (sg) want money' Tii ntma7n ju yool:

Tajpeye puaq? Do you (sg) want money?

Caje puaq. You (pi) want money.

Cajpeye puaq? Do you (pi) want money?

Taj puaq. He (or she) wants money.

Tajpe puaq? Does he (or she) want money?

Taj Ceel Miintz puaq. Ceel Miintz wants money.

Tajpe Ceel Miintz puaq? Does Ceel Miintz want money?

1Q1 Cbiintze ju yool waje puaq ex ju yool wajbile puaq:

8. ( ) ( ) wa j e puaq ( ) ( ) wajbile puaq

NtmaTn jluuT 'they want money'. Thus, both waje and wajbile mean '1 want'.

We will most often use waje, but you should be aware of the form wajbile.

Write S if the following pairs mean the same and D if different:

9. 1 o 3 h

Cbiintze ju yool puaq ex ju yool tpuaaq:

10. ( ) ( ) puaq ( ) ( ) tpuaaq ( ) puaq ( ) tpuaaq does Puaq (does/does not) change if it is possessed.

Cbiintze ju yool laanch ex ju yool tlaanch:

11. ( ) ( ) laanch ( ) ( ) tlaanch ( ) laanch ( ) tlaanch

1Q2 le Laanch (does/does not) change if it is possessed.

Compare:

puaq - tpuaaq.

laanch - tlaanch

There is a class of nouns that adds a vowel if they are possessed. Puaq belongs to that class, You will learn more of these in later lessons.

Cbiintze ju yool waje juun mansaan:

12. ( ) ( )

I want an apple Tii ntma7n jluu7?

Cbiintze ju yool waje juun mansaan matiij

13. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT 'I want a big apple'.

Compare: ssed. A. Waje juun mansaan. B. Waje juun mansaan matiij.

I want an apple Tii ntmaTn A? I want a big apple Tii ntmaTn B?

matiij Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'big' tuj maam:

193 Cbiintze ju yool waje ,iuun mansaan nuch:

lh. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT 'I want a small apple'.

Ctz'iibinkuye ,iu yool 'small' tu,j maam: nuch

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

Waje juun mansaan I want a big apple: matii.i. Caj juun mansaan They want a small apple: nuch. Qaje juun mansaan We (exc) want a big apple: matiij. Caje juun mansaan You (pi) want a small apple: nuch.

Cbiintze jluuT:

15. ( ) ( ) atzun weeye

NtmaTn jluu7 'as for me.. ' (e.g. 'as for me. I want an apple).

Cbiintze ju yool 'as for me, I want an apple'

l6. ( ) ( ) Atzun weeye, waje juun mansaan.

Complete according to the example:

Atzun tee, taj juun mansaan. waje juun mansaan Atzun weeye, qaj juun mansaan Atzun qee,

1QU taje juun mansaan Atzun teeye . caje juun mansaan Atzun ceeye. caj juun mansaan Atzun cee,

Ju yool yajtzun teeye, til taje? ntmaTn 'and you (sg), what do you want?'. Cbiintze:

IT. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze jluuT:

18. ( ) ( ) Yajtzun cee, tii caj?

NtmaTn jluuT 'and them, what do they want?

Fill in according to the example:

Yajtzun teeye, tii taje? tii caj? Yajtzun cee, tii waje? Yajtzun weeye , tii caje? Yajtzun ceeye, tii taj? Yajtzun tee,

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

As for me, I want an apple; Atzun weeye, waje juun mansaan. And you (sg), what do you want? Yajtzun teeye, tii taje? And Danieel, what does he want? Yajtzun tee Danieel, tii taj? As for Daniee^., he wants a beer. Atzun tee Danieel, taj juun serveesa.

195 Here are the dialogs

A. iQue quieres? Quiero dinero.

19- A. ( ) Tii taje? ( ) Waje puaq.

A. Taat Waan quiere una manzana pequens B. Y yo, yo quiero una grande.

20. A. ( ) Taj Taat Waan juun mansaan nuch, B. ( ) Atzun weeye, waje juun matiij.

196 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

waje (2) 16. atzun weeye, waje juun mansaan (2) waje (2) IT. yajtzun teeye, tii taje? (2) taje puaq (2) 18. yajtzun cee, tii caj? (2) taj Roveerto puaq (2) 19. (a) tii taje? taj Roveerto puaq. (2) (b) waje puaq

tajpeye puaq? (2) 20. (a) taj Taat Waan juun mansaan nuch tajpeye puaq? (2) (b) atzun weeye, waje juun matiij (a wajo puaq (2) (b wajbile puaq (2)

9. (a waje - taje (b waje - wajbile (c taj - tajbil (d taje - tajbil (e taje - tajbile (f caj - caje (g caj - cajbil (h qaj - qajbil (i qaje - qajbil (d taje - tajbile

10. (a puaq (2) (b tpuaaq (2) (c puaq (d tpuaaq

11. (a laanch (2) (b tlaanch (2) (c laanch (d tlaanch

12. waje juun mansaan (2)

13. waje juun mansaan matiij (2) ik. waje juun mansaan nuch (2)

15. atzun weeye (2)

197 cbi

Qa. Ta; Ca- Jui Taj Jui Qaj Waj

pue

1Q8 Lecci6n Nueve

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Waje puaq. Quiero dinero.

cbiintze - cmaantze

sustitucion variable

Waje puaq. Waje puaq. Qaje Qaje puaq. Taj Taj puaq. Caje Caje puaq. Juun laanch Caje juun laanch. Taje Taje juun laanch. Juun cheej Taje juun cheej. Qaj Qaj juun cheej. Waje Waje juun cheej.

vocabulario util

Jluu7 tilbilaal puaq.

Jluu7 tilbilaal nim puaq.

puaq Tii tbii jluu7?

199 Jluu7 tilbilaal cheej,

JluuT tilbilaal nim cheej,

chee j Tii tbii jluu7?

JluuT tilbilaal jaa.

Jluu7 tilbilaal mm jaa.

jaa Tii tbii jluu7?

Jluu7 tilbilaal siich'.

Jluu7 tilbilaal juun kaaja siich' .

200 juun kaaja siich' Tii' tbii jluuT tuj maam?

JluuT tilbilaal kapee.

JluuT tilbilaal juun vaas kapee.

juun vaas kapee Tii tbii jluu7 tuj maam?

*—^ Jluu7 tilbilaal serveesa.

JluuT tilbilaal juun boteey serveesa.

juun boteey serveesa Tii tbii jluuT tuj maam? respuesta afirmativa o negativa

Tajpeye puaq? Waajei Waje puaq:MiiTni Waje siich'

Qajpeye siich'? )ei Caje siich' : MiiTni Caje puaq.

Cajpe puaq.? Caaji Caj puaq.

Wajpeye nim kapee? Taajei Taje nim kapee.

Qajpe tjaayil serveesa? Qaaji Qaj tjaayil serveesa.

Tajpe puaq? Taaji Taj puaq.

201 exr>ansi6n

Waje puaq. Waje nim puaq. taj Taat Cheep Taj Taat Cheep puaq.. Taj Taat Cheep nim puaq.

Oa,] puaq Qaj nim puaq. transformacion

Taje puaq. Tajbile puaq.

Taj puaq. Tajbil puaq.

Caje puaq. Cajbile puaq.

Cajbii liim. Caj liim.

Taat Waan taj liim. Taat Waan tajbil liim.

Qajbil liim. Qaj liim.

Wajbile puaq. Waje puaq.

Qaje puaq. Qajbile puaq. modelo

Tn taje? iQue quieres?

sustitucion - traduccidn tu Tii taje?

Taat Loox Tii taj Taat Loox? nosotros (mc] Tii qaj? ellos (ellasj Tii caj?

202 memorizacion

A. Tii taje? iQue quieres? B. Waje puaq. Quiero dinero.

actividad

1. Un miembro de la clase, con una cosa personal (un lapiz, por ejemplo) en la mano, dice:

Alcee taj ti? nlaapise?

Su nareja dice: Mii waje tlaapise, peero waje tnuaaqe.

2. La misma actividad, pero esta vez la conversacion seguira. asi:

Estudiante 1: David, tajpeye ti7 nlaapise?

David: Mii waje tlaapise, peero waje tpuaaqe.

Ciclo 2

modelo

Atzun weeye, waje juun matiij Yo yo, yo quiero una grande.

cbiintze - cmaantze

cambio

Waje juun matiij. Waje juun nuch.

Taj juun matiij. Taj juun nuch.

Taj Taat Cheep juun matiij. Taj Taat Cheep juun nuch.

Caje juun matiij. .Caje juun nuch.

203 sustitucion - traduccion yo Atzun weeye, waje juun matiij.

nosotros (inc) Atzun qee, qaj juun matiij.

ellos Atzun cee, caj juun matiij.

lids. Atzun ceeye, caje juun matiij.

Taat Cheep Atzun tee Taat Cheep, taj juun matiij.

Taj Taat Waan juun mansaan nuch. Taat Waan quiere una manzana pequena.

traduccion

Taje juun mansaan nuch. Quieres una manzana pequena.

Caj juun mansaan matiij. Quieren una manzana grande.

Qaje juun mansaan matiij Queremos (inc) una manzana grande.

Taj juun mansaan nuch. Quiere una manzana pequena.

conclusi6n logica (Se precisa que se hace individualmente.)

miiaaT nuch matiij

mnaa7 matiij nuch

miiaa7 juun cheej matiij juun cheej nuch

miiaa? juun cheej nuch juun cheej matiij

miiaaT juun mansaan matiij juun mansaan nuch

miiaaT juun mansaan nuch juun mansaan matiij

20U mii waje juun mansaan matiij waje juun mansaan nuch mii taj Taat Waan juun mansaan taj Taat Waan juun mansaan nuch matiij pregunta apropiada

Taj Taat Waan juun mansaan Alcee taj juun mansaan matiij? matiij.

Taje juun nuch. Alcee taj juun nuch?

Waje puaq. Alcee taj puaq?

Taj Taat Waan npuaaqe. Alcee taj ti7 npuaaqe?

Taj e npuaaqe. Alcee taj ti7 npuaaqe?

Waje npuaaqe. Alcee taj ti7 npuaaqe?

Taje tpuaaq. Tajpeye ti7 tpuaaq?

Caj tpuaaq. Cajpe ti7 tpuaaq?

Qaj tpuaaq. Qajpe ti7 tpuaaq?

Caje tpuaaq. Cajpeye ti7 tpuaaq?

Waje tnuaaq. Wajpeye ti7 tpuaaq? memorizaci6n

A., Taj Taat Waan juun mansaan Taat Waan quiere una man- nuch. zana pequena. B. Atzun weeye, waje juun matiij Y yo, yo quiero una grande.

actividad

Se sacan estas actividades de los dialogos que siguen. Hay que cambiar las palabras. Los estudiantes podran preguntar al maestro nuevas palabras para sustituir.

1. Estudiante A: Alcee taj juun siich'? Estudiante B: Mii waje juun matiij, waje juun nuch.

2. Estudiante A: Alcee taj juun siich'? Estudainte B: Mii waje juun siich', waje juun serveesa matiij.

205 3. Estudiante A: Taj Taat Waan juun siich'. Yajtzun teeye, tii taje? Estudiante B: Waje juun cheej matiij. h. Estudiante A: Waje juun siich1. Yajtzun tee Danieel, til taj? Estudiante B: Danieel, tii taje? Danieel: Waje puaq. comprension

Taj Taat Waan ju laanch luuT.

Taj Naan Liina ju laanch ta7 chii7.

Atzun weeye, waje juun matiij. respuesta apropiada

1. Tii taj Taat Waan?

2. Tajpe Naan Liina ti? ju laanch luu7?

3. Yajtzun weeye, til waje? comnrensi6n I w

Waje juun cheej matiij, atzun tee Taat Cheep, taj juun maas matiij Atzun teeye, taje juun nuch. respuesta apropiada

1. Tii waje?

2. Tajpe Taat Cheep ti7 juun cheej maas matiij?

3. Yajtzun teeye, tii taje? h, Alcee taj ti7 juun cheej maas matiij?

I w You

206 age: Lesson Ten

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze jluu7:

1. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I want to sleep'

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool waje tu?n ntaane:

2. ( ) ( )

Cmaantze ju yool waje tu7n ntaane tuj maam, ex cmaantze tii ntma7n tuj inglees:

I want to sleep 3. ( ) ( ) itii j ,

Cbiintze ju yool taje tu7n ttaane: H. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'You (sg) want to sleep1.

Compare:

A. Waje tu7n ntaane. B. Taje tu7n ttaane.

I want to sleep Ctz'iibinkuye tuj Inglees tii ntma7n A You (sg) want to sleep Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees tii ntma7n B

207 You (pi) want Tii ntmajn ju yool caje?

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool caje tu7n You (pi) want to sleep ctaane:

We (inc) want to sleep Qaj tu7n qtaan: Taat Waan wants to Taj Taat Waan tuTn ttaan: sleep

Ju yool waje tu7n ttaane ntma7n 'I want you (sg) to sleep'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju yool:

1 want you (pi) to Waje tu7n ctaane sleep I want Taat Waan to Waje tu7n ttaan Taat Waan sleep I want them to sleep Waje tu7n ctaan

Ju yool waje tu7n nyooline ntma7n 'I want to speak'.

Cbiintze:

5. ( ) ( )

Ju yool taj Taat Waan tu7n nyooline ntma7n 'Taat Waan wants me to speak'. Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

Taat Waan wants you (sg) to speak Taj Taat Waan tu7n tyoolme. Taat Waan wants you (pi) to speak Taj Taat Waan tu7n cyooline.

208 Taat Waan wants us (inc) to speak Taj Taat Waan tuTn qyoolin I want Taat Waan to speak Waje tu7n tyoolin Taat Waan

Cbiintze ju yool waje tu7n nyoolme tuuk'ile: ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I want to speak with you (sg)',

Ju yool wuuk'ile ntma7n 'with me'

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju yool: with you (sg) tuuk'ile with you (pi) cuuk'ile with them cuuk'il with Taat Cheen tuuk'il Taat Cheep

Cmaantze tuj inglees tii ntma7n ju yool:

I want to speak with Waje tu7n nyooline tuuk'ile. you (sg) You want to speak with Taje tu7n tyooline wuuk"ile. me Taat Cheep wants to Taj Taat Cheep tu7n tyoolin wuuk'ile. speak with me I want you to talk with Waje tu7n tyooline tuuk'il Taat Cheep. Taat Cheep

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj-maam:

I want you (sg) to speak with them. Waje tu7n tyooline cuuk'il 209 They want me to speak with you (sg). Caj tuTn nyooline tuuk'ile You (sg) want them to speak with me. Taje tu'7n cyoolin wuuk'lie We (exc) want you (pi) to speak with Taat Loox. Qaje tu7n cyooline tuuk'il Taat Loox

Ju yool a!7uuk'il ntma7n 'with whom'.

Cbiintze ju yool a!7uuk'il taje tu7n tyooline?:

7. ( ) ( ) Ntma7n jluu7 'with whom do you (sg) want to speak?'

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam 'with whom do you (pi) al7uuk'il caje tu7n want to speak? ' : cyooline

Ju yool waje tu7n waq'naane ntma7n 'I want to work'.

Cmaantze tuj inglees tii ntma7n jluu7: You want to work Taje tu7n taq'naane. Taat Cheep wants to Taj Taat Cheep tu7n taq'naan. work We (inc) want to work tu7n qaq'naan. You (pi) want to work Caje tu7n caq'naane.

210 Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

Waje tuTn nyooline I want to speak with you tuuk'ile Waje tuTn waq'naane I want to work with you tuuk'ile Waje tu7n nyooline I want to speak with Daniel tuuk'il Danieel Waje tu7n waq'naane I want to work with Daniel tuuk'il Danieel

Cbiintze ju yool tii taje weeye?: ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'what do you want of me?'.

Ju yool tii taje weeye? ntma7n 'what do you want of me?'.

Cmaantze tuj inglees tii ntma7n:

What do you want of Tii taje qeeye? us (exc)? What do you want of Tii taje cee? them? What do you want of Tii taje tee Taat Cheep? Taat Cheep?

Ju yool waje ntma7n 'I want'. Ju yool mii waje ntma7n 'I don't want' Taat Cheep wants Ju yool taj Taat Cheep ntma7n Taat Cheep doesn't Ju yool mii taj Taat Cheep ntma7n want We (inc) want Ju yool qaj ntma7n We (inc) don't want Ju yool mii qaj ntma7n

211 Here is a review:

Waje tu7n ntaane - 1 want to sleep Waje tu?n nyooline - I want to speak Tuuk'ile - with you Waje tuTn nyooline tuuk'ile -I want to speak with you. Weeye - of me Tii taje weeye - What do you want of me? mii waje - I don't want

Here are the dialogs: A. iPor que no quiere Taat Cheep trabajar? B. Quiere dormir. A. ( ) TiiquTn mii taj Taat Cheep tuTn taq'naan? B. ( ) Taj tuTn ttaan.

A. iQue quiere la persona de mi? B. Quiere hablar contigo.

10. A. ( ) Tii taj ju xjaal weeye? B. ( ) Taj tuTn tyoolm tuuk'ile.

A. iCon quien queremos (mc) trabajar? B. Queremos trabajar con el alcalde.

11. A. ( ) AlTuuk'il qaj tuTn qaq'naan? B. ( ) Qaj tu7n qaq'naan tuuk'il ajkaal.

Find out what these expressions mean:

Waje tu7n txi7ye chiij. Waje tu7n ttzaaje tzaluu7.

212 Twitz pisarroon Tu tnam Waje tuTn tookttz'iibin twitz pisarroon.

213 2lU Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. waje tu7n ntaane (2)

2. waje tuTn ntaane (2)

3. waje tu7n ntaane (2)

h. taje tuTn ttaane (2)

5. waje tuTn nyooline (2)

6. waje tuTn nyooline tuuk'ile (2)

7. al7uuk'il taje tu7n tyooline? (2)

8. tii taje weeye? (2)

9. (a) tiiqu7n mii taj Taat Cheep tu7n taq'naan? (b) taj tu7n ttaan,

10. (a) tii taj ju xjaal weeye? (b) taj tu7n tyoolin tuuk'ile.

11. (a) al7uuk'il qaj tu7n qaq'naan? (b) qaj tu7n qaq'naan tuuk'il ajkaal.

215 216 Leccion Diez

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Taj tu7n ttaan. Quiere dormir.

cbuntze - cmaantze sustitucion - traduccidn

Waje tu7n ntaane. nosotros (inc) Qaj tu7n qtaan. ellos Caj tu7n ctaan. nosotros (exc) Qaje tu7n qtaane. traduccion

Quiero que el duerma. Waje tu7n ttaan.

Quieres que yo duerma. Taje tu7n ntaane.

Roberto quiere que Daniel duerma. Taj Roveerto tu7n ttaan Danieel

Queremos (exc) que duermas. Qaje tu7n ttaane.

Yo quiero trabajar. Waj e tu7n waq'naane.

No quiero trabajar. Mii waje tu7n waq'naane.

iQuieres que yo trabaje? Tajpeye tu7n waq'naane?

iNo quiere que yo trabaje? Mii taj tu7n waq'naane?

217 sustitucion

1 taj Taj tu7n tag'naan. waje Waje tuTn waq'naane.

qaj Qaj tuTn qaq'naan. caje Caje tuTn caq'naane.

taj Taj tuTn taq'naan.

2. taj Taj tu7n ttaan.

Taat Waan Taj Taat Waan tu7n ttaan.

qaje Qaje tu7n qtaane.

waje Waje tu7n ntaane.

caje Caje tu7n ctaane. taje Taje tu7n ttaane.

caj Caj tu7n ctaan.

3. waje Waje tu7n nyooline. Naan Lime Taj Naan Luna tu7n tyoolm.

taje Taje tu7n tyooline.

modelo

Tiiqu7n mii taj Taat Cheep tu7n iPor que no quiere Taat Cheep taq'naan? trabajar?

cbimtze - craaantze

cambio al negativo

Waje tu7n waq'naane. Mii waje tu7n waq'naane.

Taje tu7n taq'naane. Mii taje tu7n taq'naane.

218 Taj Taat Cheep tu7n taq'naan. Mil taj Taat Cheep tu'fn taq'naan. Caj tu'fn caq'naan. Mil caj tu'fn caq'naan.

sustitucion

Waje Waje tu7n waq'naane.

Taj Taj tu7n taq'naan.

Qaj Qaj tu7n qaq'naan.

Caj Caj tu7n caq'naan. Taj Taat Cheen Taj Taat Cheep tu7n taq'naan.

Caje Caje tu'fn caq'naane.

traducci6n

Tiiqu7n mil taje tu7n ttaane? iPor que no quieres dormir?

Tnqu7n mii caj tu7n waq'naane? iPor que no quieren que yo tra- baje?

Tnqu7n taj Taat Cheep tu7n ntz'iibme iPor que quiere Taat Cheep que yo ju yool miiaaf ba7n? yo escriba la expresidn 'no esta bien1?

Tnqu7n taje tu7n ntz'iibine ju yool iPor que quieres que yo escriba ba7_n? la expresi6n 'esta bien'?

memonzacion

A. Tiiqu7n mii taj Taat Cheep tu7n iPor que no quiere Taat Cheep taq'naan? trabajar? B. Taj tu7n ttaan. Quiere dormir.

repeticion

Waje tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam. Quiero ir al pueblo. Caje tu7n cxi7ye tu tnam. Uds. quieren ir al pueblo, Taje tu7n txi7ye tu tnam. Tu quieres ir al pueblo. Jaj tu7n qxi7 tu tnam. Nosotros (inc) queremos ir al pueblo.

traduccion

(Los estudiantes traduciran el ejercicio anterior) actividad

Se escribieron los dialogos que siguen para dar unas ideas de como se puede usar el Ciclo Uno.

1. Estudiante A: Tiiqu7n mii taje tu7n nyooline tuuk'il Roveerto? Estudiante B: Porke Roveerto taj tu7n ttaan.

2. Estudiante A: Tajpeye tu7n txi7ye tu tnam wuuk'ile? Estudiante B: Mii7ni Waje tu7n nxi7ye tuuk'il Liina Lops.

comprensidn

Waje juun traasna raatiij. Taj Taat Cheep tu7n txi7 tu tnam. Taj Naan Liina juun traasna matiij ex taj tu7n txi7'tu tnam tuuk'il Taat Cheep.

respuesta apropiada

1. Alcee taj tu7n txi7 tu tnam tuuk'il Taat Cheep?

2. Alcee taj juun traasna matiij?

3. Tii taj Taat Cheep?

k. Wajpeye tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam?

5. Tajpe Naan Liina juun traasna matiij?

comprensidn

Taj Taat Waan tu7n ttaan, peero waje tu7n taq'naan. Taj Naan Liina tu7n txi7 Taat Waan tu tnam.

220 respuesta apropiada

1. Til taj Taat Waan? 2. Wajpeye tu7n txi7 Taat Waan tu tnam? 3. Tii taj Naan Liina? 4. Alcee taj tu7n taq'naan Taat Waan7

Ciclo 2 raodelo

Taj tu7n tyoolin tuuk'ile. Quiere hablar contigo.

cbimtze - cmaantze traduccion wuuk'ile conmigo tuuk'il Taat Loox con Taat Loox quuk'il con nosotros (inc) cuuk'ile con Uds. cuuk'il con ellos (ellasj sustitucion

1. taje Taje tu7n tyooline tuuk'il.

waje Waje tu7n nyooline tuuk'il.

caj Caj tu7n cyoolm tuuk'il.

taj Danieel Taj Danieel tu7n tyoolin tuuk'il.

qaj Qaj tu7n qyoolin tuuk'il. 2. waq'naane Taje tu7n waq'naane cuuk'il.

qaq'naan Taje tu7n qaq'naan cuuk'il. caq'naan Taje tu7n caq'naan cuuk'il.

qaq'naane Taje tu7n qaq'naane cuuk'il.

221 taq naan Taje tuTn taq'naan cuuk'il.

taq'naane Taje tu?n taq'naane cuuk'il. traducci6n

Taje tuTn qyooline cuuk'il. Quieres que nosotros hablemos con ellos.

Taje tu7n qyoolin tuuk'il. Quieres que hablemos con el.

Taje tu7n nyooline cuuk'ile. Quieres que yo hable con Uds.

Taje tu7n cyoolin quuk'il. Quieres que ellos hablen con nosotros.

Taj tuTn cyooline quuk'ile. Quiere que Uds. hablen con nosotros. sustituci6n

Wajbile tu7n nyooline tuuk'il tmaane.

Wajbile tu7n nyooline tuuk'il cmaan.

Wajbile tu7n nyooline tuuk'il nmaane.

Wajbile tu7n nyooline tuuk'il traaan. qmaane Wajbile tu7n nyooline tuuk'il qmaane.

Wajbile tu7n nyooline tuuk'il cmaane. qmaan Wajbile tu7n nyooline tuuk'il qmaan. modelo

Tii taj ju xjaal weeye? iQue quiere la persona de mi?

222 cbuntze - cmaantze sustitucidn - traduccio'n yo Tii taj ju xjaal weeye? tu Tii taj ju xjaal teeye? nosotros (exc) Tu taj ju xjaal qeeye? eilos Tii taj ju xjaal cee?

Uds. Tii taj ju xjaal ceeye?

sustitucion variable

taje Tii taje weeye?

taj Tii taj weeye?

teeye Tii taj teeye?

ceeye Tii taj ceeye?

waje Tii waje ceeye?

caj Tii caj ceeye?

teeye Tii caj teeye?

traducei6n

1. Tii taj ju xjaal weeye? iQue quiere la persona conmigo?

Tii taj weeye? iQue quiere el conmigo?

Tii caj weeye? iQue quieren ellos conmigo?.

Tii taje weeye? iQue quiere Ud. conmigo?

2. Tii taj ceeye? iQue quiere el con Uds.?

Tii caj teeye? iQue quieren ellos con Ud.?

Tii qaj cee? iQue queremos con ellos?

223 respuesta i- Til taje weeye? Waje tu7n (tyooline;

Tn caje weeye? Qaje tuTn

Tii caj weeye? Caj tu7n

Tn taje weeye? ¥aje tu7n

2. Til caje weeye? Qaje tu7n

Tii caje tee? Qaje tu7n

Tii caje qeeye? Qaje tu7n

Tii caje cee? Qaje tu7n

Tii caje tee Taat Cheep? Qaje tu7n respuesta apropiada

Tii taje weeye? Tii taje tee Taat Waan? Tii qaj tee? Tii caj qee?

Til caje qeeye? Tii waje tee Taat Laas? Tii taje tee? Tii caj weeye? Tii qaje teeye? memorizacifin

A. Tii taj ju xjaal weeye? iQue quiere la persona de mi? B. Taj tu7n tyoolin tuuk'ile. Quiere hablar contigo.

actividad dirigida

Los estudiantes haran todo lo que el maestro quiere.

Maestro: 1. Waje tu7n tyoolin Danieel tuuk'il Anna. 2. Waje tu7n txi7ye twitz pisarroon.

22U actividad dirigida

Maestro: 1. Waje tu7n txi7 William twitz pisarroon. 2. Ex waje tu7n txi7ye tuuk'il William twitz pisarroon. 3. Waje tu7n tooktz'iibin Taat Cheep ju yool matiij twitz pisarroon.

completamiento

Taj Taat Cheep tu7n .

Waj e tu7n ...

Taje tu7n ...

Caj juun ...

Qaj . . .

comprension

A. Tii taj Taat Cheep weeye?

B. Mil taj tu7n txi7ye tu tnam. Taj tu7n txi7ye tu skueel.

A. Tiiqu7n taj tu7n nxi7ye tu skueel?

B. Taj tu7n tbant ttz'iibine.

respuesta apropiada

1. Tii taj Taat Waan weeye?

2. Tiiqu7n taj tu7n nxi7ye tu skueel?

3. Tajpe tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam?

resnuesta libre

Tii taje? Tii taje weeye?

225 Jatumel (a donde) taje tuTn nxiTye? Alcee taj tu7n nxiTye twitz pisarron?

Ciclo 3 modelo

Qaj tuTn qaq'naan tuuk'il ajkaal. Queremos trabajar con el alcalde.

sustituci6n taq naan Taj tu7n taq'naan tuuk'il ajkaal. caq naane Caje tuTn caq'naane tuuk'il ajkaal. caq naan Caj tuTn caq'naan tuuk'il ajkaal. waq naane Waje tu7n waq'naane tuuk'il ajkaal. qaq naan Qaj tuTn qaq'naan tuuk'il ajkaal. qaq naane Qaje tuTn qaq'naane tuuk'il ajkaal. sustituci6"n (en singular)

••a _ oa oa Waje tu7n taq'naane tuuk'il.

2a - ia - 3a Taje tu7n waq'naane tuuk'il.

3a _ 2a - ia Taj tu7n taq'naane wuuk'ile.

2a - la - 3a Taje tu7n waq'naane tuuk'il. modelo

A17uuk'il qaj tu7n qaq'naan? iCon quien queremos (inc) trabaj ar?

226 cbiintze - cmaantze traduce ion

El quiere trabajar. Taj tu7n taq'naan.

iCon quien quiere el trabajar? AlTuuk'il taj tu7n taq'naan?

iCon quien queremos (inc) trabajar? A17uuk'il qaj tu7n qaq'naan?

Queremos (inc) trabajar. Qaj tu7n qaq'naan. Uds. quieren trabajar. Caje tu7n caq'naane.

iCon quien quieren Uds. trabajar? A17uuk'il caje tu7n caq'naane?

iCon quien quieren Uds. que yo tra- A17uuk'il caje tu7n waq'naane? baje? transformacion

Taj tu7n taq'naan tuuk'il. A17uuk'il taj tu7n taq'naan?

Caj tu7n caq'naan tuuk'il. A17uuk'il caj tu7n caq'naan? Qaje tu7n qaq'naan tuuk'il. A17uuk'il qaje tu7n qaq'naan?

Waje tu7n waq'naane tuuk'il. A17uuk'il waje tu7n waq'naane?

Taje tu7n taq'naane tuuk'il. A17uuk'il taje tu7n taq'naane?

Qaj tu7n qaq'naan tuuk'il. A17uuk'il qaj tu7n qaq'naan?

Caje tu7n caq'naane tuuk'il. A17uuk'il caje tu7n caq'naane? respuesta apropiada

A17uuk'il taje tu7n ttz'iibine? Waje tu7n ntz'iibine tuuk'il.

A17uuk'il caj tu7n cyoolin ? Caj tu7n cyoolin cuuk'il.

A17uuk'il qaje tu7n qaq'naane? Caje tu7n caq'naane wuuk'ile,

A17uuk'il qaje tu7n qtaane? Caje tu7n ctaane quuk'ile.

A17uuk'il taj tu7n ttaan? Taj tu7n ttaan quuk'il.

227 AlTuuk'il taje tu7n qaq'naane? Waje tu7n caq'naane tuuk'il. AlTuuk'il caje tu7n ntaane? Qaje tu?n ttaane cu.uk'il. memorizacion

A. A17uuk'il qaj tu7n qaq'naan? iCon quien queremos (inc) trabaj ar? B. Qaj tu7n qaq'naan tuuk'il Queremos trabajar con el ajkaal. alcalde.

comprension

A. A17uuk'il taje tu7n txi7ye tu tnam? B. Waje tu7n nxi7ye tuuk'il Waana Lops. A. Tiiqu7n taje tu7n txi7ye tuuk'il? B. Porke waje tu7n nyooline tuuk'il. respuesta apropriada

1. A17uuk'il taj tu7n txi7 tu tnam?

2. Tiiqu7n taj tu7n txi7 tuuk'il Waana Lops?

actividad dirigida

Los estudiantes tendrSn que hacer lo que el maestro indicara.

Maestro: 1. Waje tu7n txi7 Daviid • tyoolin tuuk'il Aana, peero mii waje tu7n tyoolin Aana tuuk'il Daviid. 2. Waje tu7n ttaan Roveerto. 3. Waje tu7n txi7 Danieel twitz pisarroon ex tu7n tookttz'iibin juun yool. h. Waje aju laapis tee Aana. 5. Waje tu7n ctzaaje tzaluu7. 6. Waje tu7n cxi7ye chii7.

228 LI. Lesson Kleven

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze ju yool waabj , lobj , chibj , k'abj :

1. ( ) ( ) waabj ( ) ( ) lobj ( ) ( ) chibj ( ) ( ) k'abj

Ju yool waabj ntmaTn 'a food that is a grain product'. Ju yool lobj ntmaTn 'a food that is a fruit' Ju yool chibj ntmaTn 'a food that is a meat or vegetable'. Ju yool k'abj ntmaTn 'a drink (bebida)'.

Cbiintze, cmaantze ex ctz'iibinkuye tuj mglees tii ntmaTn:

a grain product ( ) ( ) waabj a fruit ( ) ( ) lobj a meat or vegetable ( ) ( ) chibj a drink ( ) ( ) k'abj

Write waabj if the following is a grain product, lobj if a fruit, chibj if meat or vegetable, k'abj if a drink. 'iibin chibj 1. beef _ lobj 2. apple k'abj 3. coffee chibj k. meat waabj 5. bread lobj banana chibj mutton waabj tortilla k'abj 9. water chibj 10. beans lobj 11. orange

229 There are basically three words which mean 'eat' in Mam:

3. ( ) ( ) loon ( ) ( ) waa7n ( ) ( ) choon

The word for drink is ( ) ( ) k'aan

Cbiintze ju yool 'I want to eat grain products' h. ( ) ( ) waje tu7n nwaaTne waabj

Cbiintze ju yool 'I want to eat meat':

5. ( ) ( ) waje tuTn nchoone chibj

Cbiintze ju yool 'I want to eat fruit':

6. ( ) ( ) waje tuTn nloone lobj

Cbiintze ju yool 'I want to drink a drink'

7. ( ) ( ) waje tu7n nk'aane juun k'abj

Compare:

A. Waje tu7n nloone lobj. B. Waje tu7n nwaa7ne waabj. C. Waje tu7n nchoone chibj. D. Waje tu7n nk'aane juun k'abj.

230 T. want to eat fruit. Tn ntmaTn .ju A? I want to eat a grain Tii ntmaTn .iu B? product. i want to eat meat. Tii ntmaTn ,iu C? I want to drink a Tii ntmaTn ju D? drink.

Fill in the blanks according to the example mansaan 'apple':

Waje tuTn nloone mansaan.

Chibj waakx 'beef choon Waje tuTn n e chibj waakx.

paan 'bread' waaTn Waje tuTn n e paan.

cheennq,' 'beans' choon Waje tuTn n e cheennq'

laanch 'orange' loon Waje tuTn n e laanch.

muuqin 'tortilla' waa7n Waje tuTn n e muuqin.

kapee 'coffee' k' aan Waje tuTn n e kapee.

loTj seeda 'banana' loon Waje tu7n n e lo7j seeda.

aT 'water' k'aan Waje tu7n n e a7.

Cbiintze ju yool ngaaniye: ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I like'.

231 Ju yool ngaaniye ntmaTn 'I like'.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze tuj inglees: you like ) tgaaniye he (or she) likes ) tgaani we (exc) like ) qgaaniye we (inc) like ) qgaani you (pi) like ) cgaaniye they like ) cgaani

Cbiintze ju yool 'I like bread':

10. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool ngaaniye ti7 paan:

11. ( ) ( )

Ju yool ngaaniye tiT paan ntmaTn 'I like bread'.

Tii ntmaTn:

you (sg) like bread tgaaniye tiT paan you (pi) like bread cgaaniye tiT paan we (inc) like bread qgaani tiT paan

Cbiintze ju yool ngaaniye tuTn nwaaTne paan:

12. ( ) ( )

I like to eat bread Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn jluuT:

232 Ctz'iinkuye tuj maam: Ngaaniye tuTn nwaaTne I like to eat bread. paan. Tgaani tu7n tloon lobj. He likes to eat fruit. Cgaaniye tuTn cwaa7ne You (pi) like to eat grain nroduct; waabj. Cgaani tu7n cchoon They like to eat meat, chibj .

Cmaantze tuj inglees tii ntma7n ju yool:

drink k'abj meat nroduct chibj fruit lobj grain product waabj 1 want to eat fruit. Waje tu7n nloone lobj. I want to drink a drink. Waje tu7n nk'aane juun k'abj. I want to eat meat. Waje tu7n nchoone chibj. I want to eat a grain Waje tu7n nwaa7ne waabj. product. I want to drink water. Waje tu7n nk'aane a7. I like milk (drink). Ngaaniye ti7 k'abj leech. I like to drink a drink. Ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane juun k'abj.

Here are the dialogs:

A. iQuieres toraar atole? B. No, quiero tomar cafe- negro.

13. A. ( ) Tajpeye tu7n tk'aane q'ootj? B. ( ) Mii7n! maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane maara kapee

A. iQuien quiere comer una banana? B. Yo quiero. Tengo hambre. Ik. A. ( ) Alcee taj tu7n tloon lo7j seeda? B. ( ) Wajei N7eel nk'u7je.

233 10.

11.

12.

13.

Ik.

231* Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. (a) waabj(2) (b) lobj (2) (c) chibj (2) (d) k'abj (2)

2. (a) waabj(2) (b) lobj (2) (c) chibj (2) (d) k'abj (2)

5. (a) loon (2) (b) waaTn (2) (c) choon (2]

k. waje tu7n nwaa7ne waabj(2)

5. waje tu7n nchoone chibj (2)

6. waje tuTn nloone lobj (2)

7. waje tu7n nk'aane juun k'abj (2)

8. ngaaniye (2)

9. (a) tgaaniye (2) (b) tgaani (2) (c) qgaaniye (d) qgaani (,e) cgaaniye (f) cgaani

10. ngaaniye tiT paan (2)

11. ngaaniye ti7 paan (2)

12. ngaaniye tu7n nwaa7ne paan (2)

13. (a) tajpeye tu7n tk'aane q'ootj? (b) miiTni maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane raaara kapee

Ik. (a) alcee taj tu7n tloon lo7j seeda? (b) wajei n7eel nk'u7je

235 236 Leccion Once

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Mii7ni Maas ngaaniye tuTn nk'aane No, quiero tomar cafe negro. maara kapee.

cbimtze - cmaantze

cambio

Maas ngaaniye ti7 a7. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane a7. Maas ngaaniye ti7 q'ootj. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane q'ootj .

Maas ngaaniye ti7 kapee. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane kapee.

Maas ngaaniye tiT maara kapee. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane maara kapee.

Maas ngaaniye ti7 serveesa. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane ser- veesa.

sustitucion

maara kapee Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane maara kapee.

maas tgaani Maas tgaani tu7n tk'aan maara kapee.

a7 Maas tgaani tu7n tk'aane a7. maas cgaani Maas cgaani tu7n ck'aan a7.

q.'ootj Maas cgaaniye tu7n ck'aane q'ootj,

237 maas qgaani Maas qgaani tuTn qk'aan q'ootj. serveesa Maas qgaani tuTn qk'aan serveesa, maas ngaaniye Maas ngaaniye tuTn nk'aane ser- veesa. sustitucidn - traducci6n

Uds. Taj Taat Waan tu7n cloone laanch. nosotros (inc) Taj Taat Waan tuTn qloon laanch. yo Taj Taat Waan tuTn nloone laanch. ellos Taj Taat Waan tuTn cloon laanch. nosotros (exc) Taj Taat Waan tuTn qloone laanch. el Taj Taat Waan tuTn tloon laanch.

Ud. Taj Taat Waan tuTn tloone laanch. cambio

Maas ngaaniye ti7 lobj. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nloone lobj.

Maas ngaaniye ti7 k'abj arroos, Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane k'abj arroos. Maas ngaaniye ti7 chibj . Maas ngaaniye tu7n nchoone chibj.

Maas ngaaniye ti7 waabj. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nwaa7ne waabj.

Maas ngaaniye ti7 serveesa. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane ser- veesa.

Maas ngaaniye ti7 muuqin. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nwaa7ne waabj muuqin.

Maas ngaaniye ti7 cheennq1. Maas ngaaniye tu7n choone cheennq'

Maas ngaaniye ti7 q.'°otj. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane q'ootj,

Maas ngaaniye xi7 lo7j seeda. Maas ngaaniye tu7n nloone lo7j seeda.

Maas ngaaniye ti7 chibj ec' . Maas ngaaniye tu7n nchoone chibj ec' .

238 Maas ngaamye tiT paan. Maas ngaaniye tuTn nwaa7ne paan. conclusion logica

Taj Taat Waan tu7n tloon mansaan peero Maas tgaani Taat Waan tu7n tloon mii taj Taat Waan tu7n tloon lobj seeda. mansaan.

Mil waje tu7n nchoone chibj ec1 peero Maas ngaaniye tu7n nchoone chibj waje tu7n nchoone chibj waakx. waakx.

Caj tu7n cwaa7n muuqin, peero Maas cgaani tu7n cwaa7n muuqin. mil caj tu7n cwaa7n paan.

Taj Taat Loox tu7n tk'aan maara kapee, Maas tgaani tu7n tk'aan maara peero mii taj tu7n tk'aan q'ootj. kapee.

Qaje tu7n qaq'naane tuuk'ile, peero Maas qgaaniye tu7n qaq'naane mii qaje tu7n qaq'naane tuuk'il Danieel. tuuk'ile. modelo

Tajpeye tu7n tk'aane q'ootj' iQuieres tomar atole?

cbimtze - cmaantze sustitucio'n

Wajpeye Wajpeye tu7n nk'aane q'ootj?

Tajpeye Tajpeye tu7n tk'aane q'ootj?

Cajpeye Cajpeye tu7n ck'aane q'ootj?

Cajpe Cajpe tu7n ck'aan q'ootj?

Tajpe Taat Liix Tajpe Taat Liix tu7n tk'aan q'ootj' trans formacion

Taj tu7n tk'aan maara kapee. Tajpe tu7n tk'aan maara kapee?

Taj tu7n tk'aan serveesa. Tajpe tu7n tk'aan serveesa?

239 comentario guiado

Taje tu7n tk'aa.ne aT ex muuqin. Mii7n! Taje tu7n tk'aane a7 ex tu7n twaa7ne muuqin.

Taje tu7n tloone mansaan ex serveesE Mii7ni Taje tu7n tloone mansaan ex tu7n tk'aane serveesa.

Taje tuTn ttaane ex chibj. Mii7ni Taje tu7n ttaane ex tu7n tchoone chibj.

Taje tu7n taq'naane ex cheennq' . Mii7ni Taje tu7n taq'naane ex tu7n tchoone cheennq1 .

Taje tu7n ttz'iibine ex meloon. Mii7ni Taje tu7n ttz'iibine ex tu7n tloone meloon.

Taje tu7n tyooline ex laanch. Mii7ni Taje tu7n tyooline ex tu7n tloone laanch. memorizacion

Tajpeye tu7n tk'aane q'ootj? iQuieres tomar atole? Mii7ni Maas ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane No, quiero tomar cafe" negro. maara kapee.

actividad

1. El maestro preguntara a Aana, usando una forma no gramatica, si Jaime quiere comer. Aana preguntara a Jaime', pero usando la forma correcta. Asi:

Maestro: Tajpe Jaime tu7n tloon chibj ec' ? Aana: Nti7 ojsqi7n wu7ne. Jaime, taje tu7n tchoone chibj ec'? Jaime: Waajei Ngaaniye ti7 chibj ec'.

2. La misma actividad, pero esta vez el maestro puede usar formas correctas o incorrectas. El estudiante tiene que cambiar las formas incorrectas.

3. El maestro preguntara:

Maas tgaaniye ti7 juun mansaan matiij, exqa juun mansaan nuch?

Estudiante: Maas ngaaniye juun mansaan matiij.

2U0 comprension

Waje tuTn nk'aane aT, peero mii waje tu7nnk'aane q'ootj. Maas tgaam Taat Loox tu7ntk'aan serveesa. respuesta apropiada

1 Wajpeye tu?n nk'aane q'ootj?

2. Maaspe ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane a7 exqa q'ootj?

3. Tii taj Taat Loox, serveesa exqa q'ootj?

Ciclo 2 modeio

Wajei N7eel nk'u7je. Yo quiero. Tengo hambre,

cbiintze - cmaantze traduccion

N7eel nk'u7je. Tengo hambre.

N?eel tk'u7j Danieel. Daniel tiene hambre. N7eel ck'u7je. Uds. tienen hambre.

N7eel qk'u7j. Nosotros (inc) tenemos hambre.

N7eel ck'u7j. Ellos tienen hambre. traduccidin y cambio

Maestro: Estudiante: Maestro: Estudiante:

Tengo hambre. N7eel nk'u7je.- No. Nti7 n7eel nk'u7je. Tienes hambre. N7eel tk'u7je. No. Nti7 n7eel tk'u7je. Tiene hambre. N7eel tk'uj. No. Nti7 n7eel tk'u7j.

2Ul Tenemos (inc) hambre todos. N7eel qk'uTj. No. Nti7 n7eel qk'u7j. Nosotros tenemos hambre. NTeel qk'uTje. No. Nti? n7eel qk'u7je. Uds. tienen hambre. NTeel ck'u7je. No. Nti7 n7eel ck'u7je. Ellos tienen hambre. N7eel ck'u7j. No. Nti7 n7eel ck'u7j.

conclusion logica

Mn waje tu7n nloone lobj . Nti7 n7eel nk'u7je. Taj Taat Cheep tu7n nwaa7ne wabj N7eel tk'u7j Taat Cheep. Mil qaje tu7n qchoone chibj. Nti7 n7eel qk'u7je. Caj tu7n cloon lobj. N7eel ck'u7j. Mn caje tu7n cchoone chibj. Nti7 n7eel ck'u7je. Mn qaj tu7n qwaa7n wabj . Nti? n7eel qk'u7j. modelo

Alcee taj tu7n tloon lo7j seeda? iQuien quiere comer una banana?

cbuntze - cmaantze

sustitucidn simple

lo7j seeda Alcee taj tu7n tloon lo7j seeda?

meioon Alcee taj tu7n tloon meioon?

liim Alcee taj tu7n tloon liim?

mansaan Alcee taj tu7n tloon mansaan?

laanch Alcee taj tu7n tloon laanch?

k'um. Alcee taj tu7n tloon k'um?

cambio

Waje tu7n nloone lo7j seeda. Alcee taj tu7n tloon lo7j seeda?

Taj Taat Liix tu7n tchoon chibj Alcee taj tu7n tchoon chibj?

Qaj tu7n tk'aan juun serveesa. Alcee taj tu7n tk'aan juun serveesa?

2U2 Caje tu7n cwaa7ne paan. Alcee taj tuTn twaaTn iman?

Taje tuTn tloone lobj. Alcee taj tu7n tloon lobj? memorizacion

A. Alcee taj tu7n tloon lo7j seeda? iQuien quiere comer bananas? B. Wajei MTeel nk'u7je. Yo quiero. Tengo hambre.

actividad

Estudiante A empezara' un cuento. Estudiante B reoitira lo que dijo A y ademas anadira su porci6n, etc. Por ejemplo:

Estudiante A: Waje tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam. Estudiante B: Waje tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam tuuk'il Naan Lima. Estudiante C: Waje tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam tuuk'il Naan Liina, ex waje tu7n qloone lobj. Estudiante D: Waje tu7n. nxi7ye tu tnam tuuk'il Naan Lima, ex waje tu7n qloone lobj , peero mii waje tu7n qchoone chibj . Estudiante E: Waje tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam tuuk'il Naan Liina, ex waje tu7n qloone'lobj, peero mil waje tu7n qchoone chibj porke maas qgaaniye ti7 lobj. comprensi6n

Taj Taat Cheep tu7n lo7j seeda, atzun tee Liina Mnaal, mii taj tu7n tloon lo7j seeda.

respuesta apropiada

1. Alcee n7eel tk'u7j?

2. Alcee nti7 n7eel tk'u7j?

3. Tgaani Liina Mnaal ti7 lo7j seeda?

2U3 2kk Lesson Twelve

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze jluu7:

1. ( ) ( )

Ntma7njluuT 'there's food here'

Juun maj tl:

2. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool atwaab j tzaluu7:

3. ( ) ( )

At_ means 'there is' or 'there are' Tzaluu7 means 'here' . At puaq. tzaluu7 means: (choose)

1. There's money here. 2. There's money there. 3. It's neither here nor there.

Which means 'there is food here'? h. ()()()

2U5 Ju yool cheej ntmaTn 'beast of burden'. (it can be translated 'horse'.)

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool tuj maam:

At cheej tzaluu7 There are horses here

Ju yool u7j ntmaTn 'paper'

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool:

At u7j tzaluuT There is paper here Ju yool puaq ntma7n 'dinero'.

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool:

At puaq tzaluuT There's money here

Cbiintze ju yool:

A. ( ) ( ) at cheej tzaluu7 B. ( ) ( ) at ncheeje tzaluu7

Ntma7n ju A 'there are horses here' NtmaTn ju B 'I have horses, here'.

Ju yool at ncheeje ntmaTn 'I have horses'

I have money Tii ntmaTn ju yool at npuaaqe?

You have money Tii ntmaTn ju yool at tpuaaqe?

Match the.meanings:

1. At npuaaqe. a. You (sg) have money. 2. At cpuaaq. b. We (exc) have money. 3. At tpuaaq. c. They have money. k. At qpuaaq. d. You (pi) have money. 5. At tpuaaq. e. I have money.

2U6 6. At qpuaaqe. f. He has money. 7. At cpuaaqe. g. We (inc) have money.

Cbiintze ju yool 'I don't have money':

6. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ntiT npuaaqe:

7.. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze:

( ) ( ) I have money; I don't have money. ( ) ( ) You have money; You don't have money. ( ) ( ) We (inc) have money; We (inc) don't have money.

Change to the affirmative: at npuaaqe nti7 npuaaqe at qpuaaq nti7 qpuaaq at tpuaaqe nti7 tpuaaqe at cpuaaq nti7 cpuaaq

Cbiintze ju yool at puaq ex ju yool nti7 tmaq:

9. A. ( )'( ) B. ( ) ( )

2^7 NtmaTn ju A 'hay dmero'. NtmaTn ju B 'no hay dmero'

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: at, puaq hay dinero ntiT puaq no hay dinero at npuaaqe tengo dinero nti7 npuaaqe no tengo dinero

Cbiintze ju yool 'if

10. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool qa_:

11. ( ) ( )

Ju yool qa taje tu7n txi7ye ntma7n 'if you (sg) want to go'.

Ctz'iibinkuye til ntma7n ju yool

If you (pi) want to qa caje tu7n cxi7ye: __

Here are the dialogs:

A. Quiero comer, pero no tengo dinero.

2UR B. Si quieres comer, hay durazno alii.

12. A. ( ) Waje tu7n nloone, peero nti7 npuaaqe. B. ( ) Qa taje tu7n twaa7ne at wafihj taT chn7.

A. Si tienes hambre, hay durazno alii. Quiero comer, pero no hay fruta.

13. ( ) Qa n7eel tk'u7je, at traasna ta7 chii7. ( ) Waje tu7n nloone, peero nti7 lobj .

(sg)

2^Q 10.

1.1.

IP.

i:s.

250 Manual del Instructor

•ITAPA DE "RKPARACIION

I . 'iI. waahj tzal.uuT (2 )

:'. 'it. •7:-t'i.h.i l.zul uu'i' (,'')

j. at waabj tzaluuT (2)

h . (a) atwaabj tzaluu7 (b) at r:heej tzaluuT (c) at vaab.i taT chiiy

'5. (a) at cheej tzaluu7 (2) (b) at ncheeje tzaluu7 (2)

6. ntiT npuaaqe (2)

7. ntiT npuaaqe (2)

8. (a) at npuaaqe; ntiT npuaaqe (b) at tpuaaqe: nti7 tpuaaqe (c) at qpuaaq; ntiT qpuaaq

9. (a) at puaa. (2) (b) ntiT puaq (2)

10. qa (2)

1.1. qa (2)

12. (a) waje tuTn nloone, peero ntiT npuaaqe (b) qa taje tuTn twaaTne at waabj taT chiiT

IS. (a) qa nTeel tk'uTje, at traasna taT chiiT (b) waje tuTn nloone, peero ntiT lobj

!';1 252 Leccion Doce

STAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Waje tuTn nloone, peero nti7 lobj Quiero comer, pero no hay fruta.

cbiintze - cmaantze traduccion

Atpe tpuaaqe? iTienes dinero?

Atpe waakx? iHay buey?

Atpe waakx taT chii7? i Hay buey allf?

Atpe laapis taT chii7? iHay lapiz allf?

Atpe tlaapise? iTienes lapiz?

Atpe qlaapise? iTenemos lapiz?

Atpe qlaanche? iTenemos naranja?

Atpe laanch? iHay naranja?

Atpe laanch tzaluuT? iHay naranja aquf? modelo

Qa nTeel tk'uTje, at traasna Si tienes hambre, hay ta? chiiT. durazno allf.

cbiintze - cmaantze

?53 pregunta apropiada

NTeel nk'u7je Tajpeye tu7n twaa7ne?

N7eel tk'u7j Taat Loox Tajpe Taat Loox tu7n twaa7n?

N7eel qk'u7je Cajpeye tu7n cwaa7ne?

N7eel tk'u7je Wajpeye tu7n nwaa7ne?

N7eel ck'u7j Cajpe tu7n cwaa7n? comentario guiado

At traasna ta7 chii7- Qa n7eel tk'u7je, at traasna ta7 chii7. At chibj ta7 chii7 Qa n7eel tk'u7je, at chibj ta7 chii7. At laanch ta7 chii7 Qa n7eel tk'u7je, at laanch ta7 chii7. At liim ta7 chii7 Qa n7eel tk'u7je, at liim ta7 chii7. At paan ta7 chii7 Qa n7eel tk'u7je, at paan ta7 chii7. Atwaabjta7 chii7 Qa n7eel tk'u7,3e, atwaabj ta7 chii7. respuesta apropiada

1. Tiitqal tgaani Naan Liina? 2. A17uuk

3. Taj Taat Loox tu7n twaa7n tuuk'il Naan Liina?

U. Tiiqu7n mii taj tu7n twaa7n tuuk'il?

5. Taj Naan Liina tu7n txi7 tu tnam? 6. Tiiqu7n taj tu7n txi7?

25U actividad

El estudiante A dira una i'rase , y el estudiante B respoade a esa frase. Asi:

Estudiante A: NtiT nouaaqe. Ostudiante B: At nouaaqe. Tajpeye riDuaaqe?

Estudiante A: NtiT nchee.jo. Estudiante B: At ncheeje. Taje tuYn txiTye tu tnam wuuk'ile?

Estudiante A: NtiT k'abj taT chiiT. Estudiatite B: At serveer-.a tzaluu?. Taje tuTn tk'aane wuuk'ile? actividad

Un estudiante hara una pregunta a otro estudiante usando el formulario que sigue:

Estudiante A: 'L'ii waje qa ri'i'eel nk'uTje? Estudiante B: Taje T.uTn twaaTne paan.

Estudiante A: Tii waje qa waje tuTn nxiTye tu tnam? Estudiante B: Taje tuTn ttaane tu pensioon.

Estudiante A: Tii waje qa mii waje mansaan'i Estudiante B: Taje tu7n tloone laanch.

iqual que arriba, pero se usa la tercera persona. Estudiante A: Tii taj 'J'aat Cheep qa taj tuTn twaa7n paan. Estudiante B: Taj tuTn twaaTn tu comedoor.

Estudiante A: Tii taj Naan Liina qa mii taj tu7n taq'naan wuuk'ile? Estudiante B: Taj tuTn twaaTn tuuk'ile.

Etc. comprensidn

Taj Naan Liina tuTn txiT tu tnam. Tgaani tuTn twaa'fn tu pensioon tuuk'il Taat Loox. Peero mii taj 'i'aat Loox tuTn twaaTn tuuk'il Naan Liina tuTnju ntiT tpuaaqxuj. respuesta apropiada

1. TiiquTn taj Naan Liina tu7n txi7 tu tnam?

2. Tgaani Naan Liina tu7n twaa7n tuuk'il Taat Loox?

3. Tgaani Taat Loox tu7n twaa7n tuuk'il Naan Liina?

h. Tiiqu7n mii taj Taat Loox tu7n twaa7n tuuk'il Naan Liina?

Ciclo 2

Qa taje tu7n twaa7ne, at waabj Si quieres comer, hay comida ta7 chii7. alii.

cbimtze - cmaantze

sustitucion

waabj At waabj ta7 chii7. meloon At meloon ta7 chn7.

chibj At chibj ta7 chii7.

tzaluu7 At chibj tzaluu7.

paan At paan tzaluu7. k'abj At k'abj tzaluu7.

sustitucion gramatical

lobj Qa taje tu7n tloone at lobj ta7 chii7. chibj Qa taje tu7n tchoone at chibj ta7 chii7. k'abj Qa taje tu7n tk'aane at k'abj ta7 chii7.

256 waabj Qa taje tuTn twaa'fne at waabj taT chii'f. meloon Qa taje tu'fn tloone at meloon taT chii'f. cheennq' Qa taje tuTn tciioone at cheennq' taT chiiT. kapee Qa taje tu'fn tk'aane at kapee taT chiiT.

Qa taje tu'"fn twn.a'fne a.t paan taT chiiT.

c amb1o

At nlaapise tzaluuT. At laapis taT chiiT.

Al, onheo.ii> t'/.aluu'f. At. ohee.i ta'f chii'f.

At t.Duaaqe tzaluuT. At, puaq ta'f chii'f.

At nohee.ie tzaluuT. At cheej taT chii'f.

At cliim tzaluuT. At liim taT chiiT.

At nlaanch tzaluuT. At laanch taT chiiT.

At claapise tzaluuT. At laapis taT chiiT.

At euu'fj tzaluuT. At uTj taT chiiT.

At qlimuunche tzaluuT. At limuunch taT chiiT.

comentario guiado

V/aje tuTn nwaaTne (waabj ). O.a taje tuTn twaaTne, at waa.bj taT chiiT.

Waje tuTn nloone (traasna). Qa taje tuTn tloone, at traasna taT chiiT.

Oaje tuTn qchoone (chibj waakx) Qa caje tuTn cchoone, at chibj waakx taT chiiT.

Qaje tuTn qk'aane (serveesa). Qa caje tuTn ck'aanejat serveesa taT chiiT.

PS7 modelo

Waje tuTn nwaaTne, peero ntiT Quiero comer, pero no tengo npuaaqe. dinero.

traduccion

At npuaaqe. Tengo dinero.

NtiT npuaaqe. No tengo dinero.

At ncheeje. Tengo caballo(s).

NtiT ncheeje. No tengo caballo(s),

At cjaa. Tienen (una) casa.

NtiT cjaa. No tienen (una) cass

conclusion logica (Se precisa hacer este ejercicio individualmente. Evi- denteraente la respuesta del estudiante no tiene que ser igual que la respuesta del libro.)

Waje tuTn nwaaTne peero Waje tuTn nwaaTne peero ntiT npuaaqe.

Waje tuTn nchoone peero Waje tuTn nchoone peero ntiT chibj.

Waje tuTn nk'aane peero Waje tuTn nk'aane peero ntiT k'abj.

Waje tuTn ntaane peero Waje tuTn ntaane peero ntiT pen- sioon.

memorizaci6n

Waje tuTn nloone, peero ntiT Quiero comer, pero no tengo npuaaqe. dinero. Qa taje tuTn twaaTne at waabj Si quieres comer, hay comida taT chiiT. allf.

258 actividades

1. Un estudiante (se llama Daniel) empezara con una frase como waje tu7n nloone peero ntiT npuaaqe. El segundo estudiante dira: Taj Danieel tu7n tloon, peero nti7 tpuaaq. Atzun weeye, waje tuTn nxi7ye neero nti7 ncheeje. El tercer estudiante dira, todo lo que dijeron los dos primeros y a^adira. su porcion, etc.

2. Los estudiantes se dividiran en dos equipos para ver cual equipo puede inventar mas exnresiones como: waje tu7n nloone, peero nti7 nnuaaqe. waje tu7n ntaane, peero nti7 pensioon. waje tu7n nk'aane, peero nti7 serveesa. ETC.

comprensidn

Taj Taat Cheep tu7n txi7 tu comedoor tu7nju (porque) n7eel tk'u7j. Taj Danieel tu7n txi7 tuuk'il peero nti7 teheej .

respuesta auropiada

1. Tajpe Danieel tu7n txi7 tu tnam?

2. Atne teheej Danieel?

3. Alcee n7eel tk'u7j?

h. Tiiqu7n taj Taat Cheep tu7n txi7 tu comedoor?

5. A17uuk'il taj Danieel tu7n txi7 tu comedoor?

25Q I V I w

©a; $a;

260 Lesson Thirteen

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze ju yool 'I want to eat'

1. ( ) ( ) waj e tuTn nwaaTne

Cbiintze ju yool 'I want to eat':

2. ( ) ( ) waje chiinwaa7ne

Compare:

A. Waje tuTn nwaaTne. B. Waje chiinwaa7ne.

I want to eat Tii ntma7n ju A? I want to eat Tii ntmaTn ju B?

To this point you have been dealing with one type of pronouns - Set I pronouns.

Circle the Set I pronouns according to the example:

e.g. @aj$ tuTn @waaTn(§)

@aj tuTn (t^aaTn taj tu7n twaa7n

Q&c§ tuTn (^waaTn© taje tu7n twaa7ne ritej tuTn (

There is another type of pronoun - the Set II pronouns.

Circle the Set II pronouns according to the example:

e.g. waje (Shii2)waa7n|£)

?CA waje ^hiirfehoonQ waje chiinchoone wa je (chii^k' aan^ waje chiink'aane waje (chiigchoon^) waje chiinchoone

Change the following according to the example:

e.g. waje tu7n nwaaTne -> waje chiinwaaTne

waje chiinchoone chibj waje tu7n nchoone chibj -+

waje chiinloone lobj waje tuTn nloone lobj ->•

waje chiintaane waje tu7n ntaane ->

Cbiintze ju yool 'you (sg) want to eat':

3. ( ) ( ) taje tuTn twaa7ne

Cbiintze ju yool 'you (sg) want to eat'

h. ( ) ( ) taje waa7ne

Compare:

A. Taje tu7n twaa7ne. B. Taje waa7ne.

You want to eat Tii ntma7n ju A? You want to eat Tii ntma7n ju B?

Change according to the example:

e.g. taje tu7n tchoone chibj -*• taje choone chibj

?.£? taje waa/fne waah t",i,,io tn'fn Uvma'j'rit-.' w:\ru>j->- taje tu7n k'aane juun k'abj taje tu7n tk'aane juun k' 'i.b.l -> taje loone lobj taje tu7n tloone lobj ->

Cbiintze ju yool taj Taat Loox tuTn twaaTn:

MtmaTn jluuT 'Taat Loox wants to eat'

Cbiintze ju yool taj Taat Loox waaTn:

6. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuT 'Taat Loox wants to eat'.

A. Taj Taat Loox tuTn twaa7n. B. Taj Taat Loox waa7n.

Taat Loox wants to eat Tii ntma7n ju A? Taat Loox wants to eat Tii ntmaTn ju B?

Change the following according to the example:

Taj Taat Loox tu7n twaa7n •+• Taj Taat Loox waa7n

Taj Taat Loox choon Taj Taat Loox tu7n tchoon -»•

Taj Taat Loox k'aan Taj Taat Loox tu7n tk'aan •>

Taj Taat Loox loon Taj Taat Loox tu7n tloon •+

^ Compare:

7. A. ( ) ( ) qaj e tuTn qwaajne B. ( ) ( ) qaje qowaaTne

A and B both mean 'we (exc) want to eat'.

Change the following according to the example:

qaje tuTn qwaaTne ->- qaje qowaaTne qaje qoloone qaje tu7n qloone -> qaje qochoone qaje tu7n qchoone -> qaje qotaane qaje tu7n qtaane ->

Thev want to eat Tii ntma7n ju yool caj tu7n cwaa7n?

Ju yool caj chiiwaa7n ntma7n 'they want to eat' . Waj

Change the following according to the example: Waj

caj tu7n cwaa7n -*• caj chiiwaa7n Caj caj chiiloon caj tu7n cloon ->• Caj caj chiichoon caj tu7n cchoon -> Qaj caj chiik'aan caj tu7n ck'aan ->

Cbiintze:

8. ( ) waje tu7n nwaa7ne

( ) waje chiinwaa7ne

( ) taje tu7n twaa7ne

2fil» ) taje waa7ne

) taj tu7n twaaTn

) taj waaTn

) qaje tuTn qwaaTne

) qaje qowaa7ne

) qaj tuTn qwaaTn

) qaj qowaa7n

) caje tuTn cwaa7ne'

) caje chiiwaaTne

) caj tu7n cwaa7n

) caj chiiwaa7n

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam (in two ways):

Waje tu7n nloone lobj I want to eat fruit

Waje chiinloone lobj

Caje tu7n cloone lobj You (pi) want to eat fruit

Caje chiiloone lobj

Qaje tu7n qloone lobj We (exc) want to eat fruit

Qaje qoloone lobj

Cbiintze ju yool waje chiinwaa7ne:

9. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I want to eat'.

26s Cbiintze ju yool 'I ate today':

10. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool machiinwaaTne maac'

11. ( ) ( )

Ma indicates something that (has happened/will has happened happen). Ma is most commonly used to mark events that occurred today.

Ju yool waje chiinwaaTne ntmaTn 'I want to eat'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool machiinwaaTne I ate today maac':

Ju yool taje waaTne ntmaTn 'you want to eat'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool 'you (sg) ate mawaaTne maac' today':

Ju yool caje chiiwaaTne ntamTn 'you (pi) want to eat'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool 'you (pi) ate machiiwaaTn maac' today':

Ju yool qaj qowaaTn ntmaTn 'we (inc) want to eat' .

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool 'we (inc) ate maqowaa7n maac' today':

266 Cbiintze jluu7:

12. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'I ate in the house of my grand- father ' .

Cbiintze juun majtl machiinwaa7ne tjaa nchmaane:

13. ( ) ( )

Ju yool machiinTaq'naane ntma7n 'I worked'

I worked at my Tii ntma7n ju yool machiin7aq'naane tjaa grandfather's house nchmaane?

Compare:

A. Machiinwaa7ne tu pensioon. B. Machiinwaa7ne njaaye.

Ntma7n ju A 'I ate in the "pension"'. Ntma7n ju B 'I ate at my house'

If house (jaa) is used to indicate where some- thing is done, no preposition is used.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

Machiintaane tu pensioon I slept in the "pensi6n"

Machiintaane njaaye I slept at my house

Machiinwaa7ne tu pen- I ate in the "pension" sioon Machiinwaa7ne tjaaye I ate at your house

267 Here are the dialogs:

A. iQuieres comer? B. Si, quiero comer contigo. lH. A. ( ) Taje waa7ne? B. ( ) Waajei Waje chiinwaaTne tuuk'ile.

A. Comimos en la casa de nuestro abuelo hoy. B. iDe veras? A. Si.

IS. A. ( ) Maqpwaa7ne t.iaa qchmaane maac' . B. ( ) Aaxpetook? A. ( ) Maai

268 Manual del Instructor

KTAPA DK PRKPAKACION

waje tu7n nwaa7ne (,n) (b) aaxpetook (c) maai waje chiinwaaTne {?)

taje tuTn twaaTne (2)

taje waa7ne (2)

taj 'J'aat Loox tu7n twaa7n (2)

taj Taat Loox waa7n (2)

(a) qaje tu7n qwaa7ne (b) qaje qowaa7ne

(a) waje tu7n nwaa7ne (b) waje chiinwaa7ne (c) taje tu7n twaa7ne (d) taje waa7ne (e) taj tu7n twaa7n (i') taj waa7n (g) qaje tu7n qwaa7ne (h) qaje qowaa7ne (i) qaj tu7n qwaa7n (j) qaj qowaa7n (k) caje tu7n cwaa7ne (l) caje chiiwaa7ne (m) caj tu7n cwaa7n (n) caj chiiwaa7n

9. waje chiinwaa7ne (2)

10. machiinwaa7ne maac' (2)

11. machiinwaa7ne maac' (2)

12. machiinwaa7ne tjaa nchmaane (2)

13. machiinwaa7ne tjaa nchmaane (2) lU. (a) taje waa7ne? (b) waajei Waje chiinwaa7ne tuuk'ile

15. (a) maqowaaa7ne tjaa qchmaane maac'

269 270 Lecci6n Trece

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 raodelo

Waajei Waje chiinwaaTne tuuk'ile. Sf, quiero comer conti pp.

cbiintze - cmaantze traducci6n

Waje chiinwaaTne tuuk'ile. Quiero comer contigo.

Taje waa7ne tuuk'il. Quieres comer con el.

Caj chiiwaaTn wuuk'ile. Ellos quieren comer conmigo.

Caje chiiwaaTne wuuk'ile. Uds. quieren comer conmigo.

Qaj qowaaTn tuuk'il Taat Cheep. Queremos (inc) comer con Taat Cheep. sustitucidn

Waje Waj e chi inwaa7ne.

Taj Taat Loox Taj Taat Loox waa7n.

Qaj Qaj qowaa7n.

Caj Caj chiiwaa7n.

Caje Caje chiiwaa7ne.

Taje Taje waa7ne.

Taj Naan Liina Taj Naan Liina waa7n.

271 cambio

Waje tuTn nwaaTne. Waje chiiwaa7ne.

Taje tu7n twaaTne. Taje waa7ne.

Caj tuTn cwaaTn. Caj chiiwaa7n.

Taj Naan Yaan tuTn twaa7n. Taj Naan Yaan waa7n.

Qaj tu7n qwaa7n. Qaj qowaa7n,

Caje tu7n cwaa7ne. Caje chiiwaa7ne. pregunta anropiada

1. Nti7 waabj. Tajpeye waa7ne?

Nti7 k'abj. Tajpeye k'aane?

Nti7 lobj. Tajpeye loone?

Nti7 chibj. Tajpeye choone?

2. Nti7 chibj. Tajpe Taat Loox choon?

Nti7 k'abj. Tajpe Taat Loox k'aan?

Nti7 lobj. Tajpe Taat Loox loon?

Nti7 waabj. Tajpe Taat Loox waa7n?

3. Nti7 chibj. Qajpe qochoon?

Nti7 k'abj. Qajpe qok'aan?

Nti7 lobj. Qajpe qploon? Nti7 waabj. Qajpe qowaa7n? k. Nti7 k'abj. Cajpe chiik'aan?

Nti7 lobj. Cajpe chiiloon?

Nti7 waabj. Cajpe chiiwaa7n?

Nti7 chibj. Cajpe chiichoon?

>72 modelo

Taje waa7ne? iQuieres comer?

cbiintze - cmaantze traducci6n

Yo quiero comer. Wa j e tu7n nwaa7ne. Waje chiinwaaTne.

Nosotros (inc) queremos comer. Qaj tu7n qwaa7n. Qaj qowaa7n.

Uds. quieren comer. Caje tu7n cwaa7ne. Caje chii-waa7ne.

Tu quieres comer. Taje tu7n twaa7ne. Taje waa7ne.

Esteban quiere comer. Taj Esteevan tu7n tvaa7n. Taj Esteevan waa7n.

cambio

1. Waje tu7n rwaa7ne. Waje chiinwaa7ne.

Waje tu7n nloone. Waje chiinloone.

Waje tu7n waq'naane. Waje chiin7aq'naane.

Waje tu7n nchoone. Waje chiinchoone.

2. Taje tuTn twaa7ne. Taje waa7ne. Taje tu7n tk'aane. Taje k'aane.

Taje tu7n tyooline. Taje yooline. Taje tu7n tbiine. Taje biine.

3. Taj tu7n ttz'iibin. Taj tz'iibin.

Taj tu7n twaa7n . Taj waa7n.

273 Taj tuTn taq'naan. Taj aq'naan.

Taj tuTn tloon. Taj loon. memorizacion

A. Taje waa7ne? iQuieres comer? B. Waajei Waje chiinwaaTne tuuk'ile. Sf, quiero comer contipp.

actividad

1. El maestro hara una pregunta usando los pronombres de la Serie Numero Uno (Set l). El estudiante usara los de la Serie Numero Dos (Set II) para dar la respuesta. Asi:

Maestro: Tajpeye tuTn twaaTne? Estudiante: Waajei Waje chiinwaaTne. Maestro: Tajpeye tu7n ttaane? Estudiante: Waajei Waje chiintaane. ETC.

2. Igual que arriba, pero ahora se usara la tercera persona, singular o plural.

Maestro: Tajpe Esteevan tuTn ttaan? Estudiante: Taaji Taj taan. Maestro: Cajpe tuTn caq'naan wuuk'ile? Estudiante: Caaji Caj chii7aq'naan tuuk'ile? comprensi6n

N7eel nk'u7je. Waje chiinwaa7ne waabj, peero nti7waabj tzaluu7. At chibj ec' ex lobj laanch. pregunta apropiada

1. Alcee n7eel tk'u7j? 2 . At waabj tzaluu7? 3. Tiitqal at tzaluu7? U. Atpe chibj ec' tzaluu7?

271* pregunta libre

1. Tajpeye tuTn txi7ye tu tnam? 2. Alcee taj waajn tuuk'il Esteevan tu tnam?

3. Tiitqal klaase te chibj maas tgaaniye? h. Tajpeye k'aane juun serveesa, exqa leech? 5. Alcee taj tuTn tk'aan aT?

6. Tii taje qa taje tuTn twaaTne?

7. Tii taje qa taj Taat Paax tuTn txi7 tu tnam?

Ciclo 2 modelo

Maqowaa7ne tjaa qchmaane maac' Comimos (exc) en la casa de nuestro abuelo hoy.

cbiintze - cmaantze traduccidn

Maqowaa7ne tjaa qchmaane. Nosotros comimos en la casa de nuestro abuelo.

Maqok'aane kapee tjaa qchmaane. Nosotros (exc) tomamos cafe en la casa de nuestro abuelo.

Maqo7aq'naane tjaa qchmaane. Nosotros (exc) trabajamos en la casa de nuestro abuelo.

Maqotz'iibine tjaa qchmaane. Nosotros (exc) escribimos en la casa de nuestro abuelo.

Maqoyooline tjaa qchmaane. Nosotros (exc) hablamos en la casa de nuestro abuelo.

275 sustitucion - traducci6n nosotros (inc; MaqowaaTn tjaa qchmaan . el (o ella) Mawaa7n tjaa tchmaan.

Uds. Machiiwaa7ne tjaa cchmaane. ellos (o ellas) MachiiwaaTn. cambio waje tu7n nwaa7ne waje chiinwaa7ne machiinwaa7ne maac' taj tu7n twaa7n taj waa7n mawaa7n maac' caje tu7n cwaa7ne caj chiiwaa7n machiiwaa7n maac' qaj tu7n qwaa7n qaj qowaa7n maqowaa7n maac' waje tu7n ntaane waje chiintaane machiintaane maac' qaje tu7n qtaane qaje qotaane maqootaane maac' taje tu7n ttaane taje taane mataane maac' memorizacidn

Maqowaa7ne tj aa qchmaane maac'. Comimos en la casa de nuestro abuelo hoy. Aaxpetook? iDe veras? Maai Si.

actividad

Los estudiantes haran, -preguntas el uno al otro usando el formulario que sigue:

Estudiante A: Tiiqu7n taje waa7ne? Estudiante B: Waje chiinwaa7ne tu7nju machiin7aq'naane nim.

Estudiante A: Tiiqu7n taje aq'naane? Estudiante B: Waje chiin7aq'naane tu7nju machiintaane nim.

comprensidn

Waje chiinwaa7ne tu7nju machiin7aq'naane nim. Taj Taat Cheep aq'naan tu7nju mawaa7n nim.

27^ respuesta apropiada

1. Tiiqu7n waje chiinaq'naane?

2. Machiinwaa7ne nim?

3. Alcee taj aq'naan?

U. TiiquTn taj Taat Cheep tuTn taq'naan?

5. MapechiinTaq'naane nim? actividad

El nrimer estudiante dira algo que el hizo hoy, el segundo repetira lo que hizo el primero, y entonces anadira algo que hizo hoy, etc. Asf:

Estudiante A: MachiinwaaTne tjaa nchmaane. Estudiante B: Machiinwaa7ne tjaa nchmaane ex machiintaane tjaa Danieel.

ETC. redecir

El maestro dira algo como:

Waje tu7n nwaa7ne tuuk'ile. Taje tu7n twaa7ne wuuk'ile. Qaj tu7n qwaa7n juunx.

El estudiante dirfi lo mismo, pero en esta forma:

Machiinwaa7ne tuuk'ile. Mawaa7ne wuuk'ile. Maqowaa7n juunx.

ETC.

277 ma nc' ma

278 Lesson Fourteen

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze ju yool machiinwaa7ne tee laas siinko:

1. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'I ate at five o'clock'.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze machiinwaa7ne tee laas siinko:

2. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool 'I eat at five o'clock':

3. ( ) ( )

Compare:

A. machiinwaa7ne - I ate B. nchiinwaa7ne - I eat (am eating) machiinwaa7ne Underline the parts of A and B that are different. n_chiinwaa7ne ma Thus, roughly, (ma/n) refers to past time, while n (ma/n) refers to continuous time (present).

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees:

l I work in town nchiin7ap1 naane tu tnam

279 I worked in town today machiin7aq'naane tu tnam maac'

I sleep at my father's nchiintaane tjaa nmaane house

I slept at my father's machiintaane tjaa nmaane maac' house today

I eat at 5 o'clock nchiinwaaTne tee laas siinko

I ate at 5 o'clock machiinwaa7ne tee laas siinko maac' today

Cbiintze ju yool nchiinwaajne:

k. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'I am eating'.

Thus, nchiinwaa7ne can mean 'I am eating' or 'I eat'.

Thus, ntaan Taat Vfaan means 'Taat Waan sleeps' Taat Waan is sleeping or

We are working Nqo'aq'naan means 'we (inc) work' or

Nchiink'aane serveesa means 'I drink beer' or I am drinking beer

There is another way of referring to eating that you should be aware of.

Ju yool mabaj paan wu7ne maac' ntmaTn 'I ate bread today'.

Cbiintze ju yool mabaj paan wu7ne:

5. ( ) ( )

280 Cbiintze juun majtl ex cmaantze ju yool mabaj paan wuTne: ( ) ( )

Ju yool mabaj paan wu7ne ntmaTn 'I ate bread'.

I drank beer Tii ntma7n ju yool mabaj serveesa wuTne?

In reality, baj means 'to finish' or 'finish off.

Thus , a literal translation of mabaj serveesa wu7ne would be 'I finished off the beer'. A better translation, however, is 'I drank beer'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees:

I ate food mabajwaabj wu7ne

I ate your bread mabaj tpaane wu7ne

I drank a lot of atole mabaj nim q'ootj wu7ne

I ate fruit mabaj lobj wu7ne

I drank a liter of mabaj juun liitro aerveesa wu7ne beer

Cbiintze:

7. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'what are you doing?',

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool tii nba teeye: ( ) ( )

281 .lu yool tii nba teeye ntmaTn 'what, are you doing':1 ' .

,\\\ yool tii nba tee ntmaTn 'what, is lie doing

What, is Taat Cheep Tii ntmaTn jluu?: tii nba tee Taat Cheep? doing?

Cbiintr.e ju yool tii nba ceeye:

P. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n ,lluuT 'what are you (pi) doing"'.

What are they doing';' Tii ntmaTn ju yool tii nba cee?

This construction is somewhat idiomatic, but very common.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees :

What are you (sg) Tii nba teeye? doing? What is Taat Liix Tii nba tee Taat Liix? doing? What are you (pi) Tii nba ceeye? doing? What are they doing? Tii nba cee?

What am I doing? Tii nba weeye?

What are we (exc) Tii nba qeeye? doing? What are we (inc) Tii nba qee? doing?

Compare the following:

10. 1. ( ) nchiinTaq'naane ( ) nchiinaq'naane

282 ) nYaq'naane ) nnaq'naane

) nqoYaq'naane ) nqaq'naatio

) nchiiTnq'naane ) nchaq'naane

The above pairs have I.ho same meanings, .hint as in Knglish 'dinchoo' and 'didn't you' me:ui the same thing, the above Mam examples show different pronunciations for the same words. The first example of each of the pairs will be the orthography used in this book. The pro- nunciation will he either of the two.

Note what happens in third person singular:

11. 1. ( ) nTaq'tiaan ( ) nnaq'naan

2. ( ) matz'aq'naan ( ) maTaq'naan

Again, the first examples will be the ortho- graphy used in this book.

Here are the dialogs:

A. Tu vaca comi6 mi milpa. B. La vaca no es mfa, sino de Taat V/aan.

12. A. ( ) Mabaj nkoojone tu7n twaakaxe. B. ( ) Miiaa7 weeye nwaakaxe siino tee Taat Waan.

A. iQue estan haciendo? B. Estamos (exc) trabajando.

283 13. A. ( ) Tii nba ceeye? B. ( ) NqoTaq'naane.

You will need to acquaint yourself with the following:

q'e'7n tajwiil maac' tee priim maac' tee nriim

Find out what these mean:

ch'iaan nch'iaa7ne wix nwiixe

28U Manual del Instructor

KTAPA DM rRKPARACTON

macliiinwaaTne tee laas siinko (2)

machiinwaa7ne tee laas siinko (2)

nchiinwaa7ne tee laas siinko (2)

nchiinwaa7ne (2)

mabaj paan wu7ne (f)

mabaj paan wu7ne (2)

tii nba teeye? (2)

tii nba teeye? (2)

tii nba ceeye? (2)

(la) nchiin7aq'naane (lb) nchiinaq'naane (2a) n7aq'naane (2b) nnaq'naane (3a) nqo7aq'naane (3b) nqaq'naane (ha) nchii7aq'naane (Ub) nchaq'naane

(la) n7aq'naan (lb ) nnaq'naan (2a) matz'aq1naan (2b) ma7aq'naan

12. (a) mabaj nkoojone tu7n twaakaxe (b) miiaa7 weeye nwaakaxe siino tee Taat Waan

13. (a) tii nba ceeye? (b) nqo7aq'naane

285 286 Leccion Catorce

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

MiiaaT weeye nwaakaxe siino tee La vaca no es mia, sino dc Taat Waan. Taat Waan.

cbiintze - cmaantze cambio de nombres irrep-ulares forma no poseida forma poseida

waakx nwaakaxe k,1o7n nkoojone lobj nloTye waab,1 nwaaye k'ab,j nk'aTye chibj nchi7ye oh'iaan nch'iaaYne sustitucion waakx Miiaa7 teeye twaakaxe siino tee Taat Waan. chibj Miiaa7 teeye tchi7ye siino tee Taat Waan. k'abj Miiaa7 teeye tk'a7ye siino tee Taat Waan. lob,1 Miiaa7 teeye tlo7ye siino tee Taat Waan. k,1o7n Miiaa7 teeye tkoojone siino tee Taat Waan. waabj Miiaa7 teeye twaaye siino tee Taat Waan.

287 modelo

Mabaj nkoo.ione tu7n twaakaxe. Tu vaca comi6 mi milpa.

cbiintze - cmaantze cambio

Mabaj waabj tuTn tch'iaaTne. Mabaj nwaaye tuTn tch'iaaTne.

Mabaj k'ab.i tu7n tchmaane. Mabaj nk'aTye tu7n tchmaane.

Mabaj lobj tu?n tchuuTye. Mabaj nloTye tuTn tchuuTye.

Mabaj chibj tuTn twiixe. Mabaj nchiTye tuTn twiixe. traduceion

Mabaj paan tuTne. Comiste paan.

Mabaj serveesa tuTn Paavlo. Pablo tomo cerveza.

Mabaj loT.i seeda cu7n. Ellos comieron bananas.

Mabaj tpaane quTne. Nosotros (inc) comimos tu pan.

Mabaj aT cu7ne. Uds. tomaron agua.

Mabaj lobj tuTne. Tu comiste fruta.

cambio

MawaaTne paan. Mabaj paan tuTne.

Machoone chibj. Mabaj chibj tuTne.

Maloone lobj*. Mabaj lobj tu7ne.

Mak'aane serveesa. Mabaj serveesa tuTne.

MachiinwaaTne waabj. Mabaj waabj wuTne.

*lobj y loTj son la misma palabra

288 Machiiloon lo7j seeda. Mabaj lo7j seeda cuTn.

Machiichoone chibj waakx. Mabaj chibj waakx cu7ne.

MawaaTn Taat Loox naan. Mabaj paan tu7n Taat Loox. mtegracion

Mabaj paan tu7n juun xjaal- Mabaj paan tu7n ju xjaal aju Lo7n ju xjaal wu7ne„ lo7n wu7ne.

Mabaj paan tu7n juun xu7j. Mabaj paan tu7n ju xu7j aju Lo7n ju xu7j wu7ne. lo7n wu7ne.

Mabaj paan tu7n juun xiinaq, Mabaj paan tu7n ju xiinaq aju Lo7n ju xiinaq wu7ne. lo7n wu7ne. memorizacion

A. Mabaj nkoojone tu7n twaakaxe. Tu vaca comid mi milpa. B. Miiaa7 weeye nwaakaxe siino tee La vaca no es mia, sino de Taat Waan. Taat Waan.

comprension

Mabaj nkoojone tu7n juun waakx. Lo7n wu7ne al7ee ju waakx. Paax Loops tbii tajwiil. respuesta apropiada

1. Mapebaj nkoojone tu7n juun waakx? 2. A17ee ju waakx? 3. Tii tbii tajwiil waakx? h. Lo7npe wu7ne tii tbii tajwiil waakx? actividad

Un estudiante empezarfi diciendo: Mabaj tkoojon Taat Paax tu7n juun waakx. Su pareja dira: Al7ee ju waakx? El primer estudiante dira: Nti7 lo7n wu7ne.

?89 respuesta libre

1. Mabaj q'eTn tuTne maac'? 2. Alcee tgaani tiT q'eTn? 3. Tii taje tu7n tk'aane? h. Jatum taje tuTn txiTye?

Ciclo 2 modelo

NqoTaq'naane. Estamos (exc) trabajando.

cambio nqoTaq'naane nqaq'naane nchiiTaq'naane nchaq'naane nchiinTaq'naane nchiinaq'naane nTaq'naan Taat Ceel nnaq'naan Taat Ceel nqo7aq'naan nqaq'naan

cambio nqo7aq'naan maqoTaq'naan nTaq'naan Taat Loox matz'aq'naan

nchiiTaq'naan raachii7aq'naan

nTaq'naane matz'aq'naane

nchiiTaq'naane machiiTaq'naane

290 conclusion logica

Ngaaniye tu7n vaq'naane. N7aq'naane.

Ngaaniye tu7n nk'aane q'e7n. Nk'aane q'e7n.

Cgaani tu?n ctaan. Nchiitaan.

Tgaani Waan Liina tuTn taq'naan. N7aq'naan Naan Liina.

Cgaaniye tuTn ctz'iibine. Nqotz'iibine.

Ngaaniye tuTn tyooline wuuk'ile. Nchiinyooline tuuk'ile.

Tgaani Taat Cheep tuTn txiT tu tnara. NxiT Taat Cheen tu tnam. traducci6n

Nqo7aq'naane. Estamos (exc) trabajando.

Nqowaa7ne. Estamos (exc) comiendo. Nchaq'naane. Uds. estan trabajando.

Nchiichoone arroos, Uds. estan comiendo arroz. NTaq'naane. Estas trabajando.

Nk'aane serveesa. Estas tomando cerveza. Nchii7aq'naan . Ellos estan trabajando.

Nchiiloon laanch. Ellos estan comiendo naranjas.

Nqo7aq'naan. Estamos (inc) trabajando.

Nqotaan. Estamos (inc) durmiendo. modelo

Tii nba ceeye? iQue estan haciendo?

291 traduccion

iQuo estas haciendo? Tii nha teeye? iO.no estamos (inc) haciendo? Tii nba qee?

/.One esta haciendo Taat T.oox? Tii nba tee Taat l.oox? iQue estan haciendo Uds . ? Tii nba ceeye?

/.Quo estan haciendo ellos? Tii nba cee? iOue estoy haciendo? Tii nba veeve?

;ustitucion

Tii nba ceeye?

Tii nba weeye?

Tii nba qeeye? cee Tii nba cee?

teeye Tii nba teeye? tee Tii nba tee? qee Tii nba qee?

preguntas apropiadas

Nchiinaq'naane. Tii nba teeye?

NqoTaq'naane. Tii nba ceeye?

Nchii7aq'naan. Tii nba cee?

Nchii7aq'naane. Tii nba qeeye?

NqoTaq'naan. Tii nba qee?

NTaq'naane. Tii nba weeye?

HTaq'naan. Tii nba tee?

292 memorizacion

A. 'L'ii nba ceeye? A Que estan haciendo? B. NqoTaq'naane. Kstamos (exc) trabajando.

respuesta apropiada

Tii nba ceeye?

Tii nba qee?

Tii nba weeye?

Tii nba cee?

'L'ii nba teeye?

Tii nba tee?

Tii nba qeeye? actividad

Los estudiantes fingiran que estan haciendo algo. Cada estudiante t>rep;untara al maestro lo que £1 mismo esta haciendo. Asi:

Kstudiante: Tii nba weeye? Maestro: NTawaan kjoTn. (Kstas sembrando milpa.) ETC. comprension

Ju xjaal taT chiiT, nti7 lo7n tbii wuTne, peero aa tajwiil ju waakx nbaj nkoojone tuTn. respuesta apropiada

Lo7n tbii wu?ne ju xjaal ta7 chii7?

Tiitqal baj tu7n twaakx ju xjaal ta7 chii7?

A17u7n baj nkoojone, tu7n waakx exqa tu7n ju xjaal?

293 actividad

is estudiantes preguntaran el uno al ot.ro:

Maba.1 paan tu'fne maac' tec priim? Aleee nchoon cheennq' tee priim?

actividad

K:;tudiantc A dira: Mabaj paan tu'i'n 'I'aat Loox. Kstudiante B dira: MawaaYn Taat l.oox paan.

(:V precisa. usar nombres sustantivos de forma general, e.p., paan en vei do t.paan :, serveesn en vtv:, de serveesa ma t i i j , etc.) dialogos extras

A. Ra'fnpo tu'f'n txi'f tiitz'iine iKstn, bien si tu hermanito vuuk'ile? se va conmigo? B. Ba7n qa ta,1 chi7 tuuk'ile. Ksta bien si el quiere ir contigo.

A. BaTnne tuTn qxiTyeT iRsta bien si nosotros (exc) nos vamos? B. MiiTni Wa,1e tuTn caq'naane No, quiero que Uds. trabajen t~aluuT. aquf.

A. Jeec' , Taat! Jaa machi7ye"i iHola, Sefior! iA donde vas^ B. Machiinxe Ohna7jal. Voy a Huehuetenango.

A. Tza7ntzun ta7ye t1a71o? iY como estas ahora? B. Ba7n , ch,1oonteeye. Bien, gracias.

2QU Iicsnon I''i f teen

rHMPAiwnoM rvi'Aoi.:

Compare:

A. Waje chiintaane B. Wa,]e chiintaan 1 want to sloop

taane Latin You {:-,[') want to s 1 oen

A. Taj taan lie wants to sloop

A. Qajo qotaane B. Qaje qotaan V/o (exo) want to sleep

A. Oaj qotaan Wo (inc) want to sloop

A. Oaje ch i.i I,ari.no B. Cajo chiitaan You (pi) want to sloop

A. Caj chiitaan They want to sleep

To this point you have learned the form A of the above paradigm. You should be aware that form B is also a current form of Mam speech. Both A and B have identical meanings.

Cbiintze:

1. ( ) Waje tu7n nxi7ye. ( ) Waje chiinx

Ntma7n jluu7 'I want to go'.

(Normally chiinx could also take the final e_ of the pronoun frame chiin...e, but when it occurs with waje it does not.)

295 Ctz' iibinkuye tuj maam: 'I want to go' (five both forms): Wa.ie tuTn nxi7ye.

Waje chiinx.

Cbiintze ju yool 'you (sg) want to go1

( ) Taje tuTn txiTye ( ) Taje chiTye

Ju yool taje chi7ye ntma7n 'you want to go',

:'aat Cheep wants to Tii ntma7n ju yool taj Taat Cheep chi7?

Ct 7.'iibinkuye tuj maam 'Naan Liina wants to 'aj Naan Liina chiy

Cbiintze ju yool:

( ) Qaje tu7n qxi7ye ( ) Qaje qo7x(e')

We (exc) want to Tii ntma7n jluu7?

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam 'we (inc) want to go1 Qaj qo7x

Ju yool caj che7x ntma7n 'they want to

Cbiintze ex cmaantze caj che7x:

h. ( ) ( )

296 CM; 7,' iibinkuye tu;j maam:

Caj tuYn cxiT Thny want, ho RO:

Ca.i cheYx

C'l.je tu7n cxi7ye Yon (pi) want to go:

C:\jr <:hn7x(e)

Qaj t-.uTn qxi7 VJo (iric) want to go:

Qaj qoYx

Taj Hanieel tu7n txiY Dani.ol wants to go:

Taj Danieel chiY

Taje tuYn txi7ye You (sg) want to go:

Tajc1 chiYye

Waje tu7n nxi7yf5 want to go:

VJaje chiinx

Cbiintze ,)u yool 'I always go to town': ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju majtl ju yool sieompre nchiinxe tu tnam:

6. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool 'you always go to town':

7. ( ) ( ) Sieempre nxi7ye tu tnam Cbiintze ju yool sieempre nxiT Taat Loox tu tnam: a. ( ) ( )

Taat Tioox always Ti.i ntma7n jluu'H poes to town

Cbiintze:

o. ( ) Sieempre nqo7xe tu tnam (We Eexc 1 always

Change according to the example:

e.g., Waje tu7n nxi7ye y Sieempre nchiinxe

Sieempre nxi7yo Taje tu7n txi7ye -v

Sieempre nxi7 Taj tu7n txi7 v

Sieempre ncheTx Caj tu7n cxi7 ~y

Sieerpre nche7xe Caje tu7n cxi7ye -•

Sieempre nqo7x Oaj tu7n nxi7 -y

Sieempre nqo7xe Qaje tu7n qxi7ye ->

You have probably jumped to the conclusion that, like in English, Mam's 'to go' Cxi71 verb is ir- regular. You are right. Just as foreigners must learn that 'I went' rather than 'I goed' is correct, there are several things to be learned about xi7.

29R You have already learned:

(l) Waje chiinx rather than waje chiinxe

(,°) The paradigm:

nchiinxe - T go nxiTye - you (SR) go nqp7xe - we (exc) go nchefxe - you (pi) go

('}) 'The x of xi.7 sometimes changes to oh:

Taje tu7n txi7ye 'I'aje cli:L7ye ys The x changes to ch when it is not pre- ceded" by a consonant.. to There is one more peculiar trait that you should become aware of.

Cbiintze:

( ) ( ) machiinxe

Ntma7n jluu7 'T am going to go'.

To this point you have learned that ma refers to past (past/future) time of today. If you marked past time, you're right, except when ma occurs with xi7 (and one other verb aaj , 'to return').

Cbiintze:

11. A. ( ) Machiintaane B. ( ) Machiinxe

I slept Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju A?

I am going to Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju B? that, is ir- Thus, if ma is used with xi7 (or aaj), it refers rs will be to something that (has been/will be) done today. ed' is arned past Otherwise, it refers to (future/past) action of today.

299 Cbiintze ju yool machiTye tu tnam:

12. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'you are going to go to town1

Tii ntmaTn jluu7?:

Taat Cheep is going 13. ( ) ( ) machi7 Taat Cheep tu tnam to go to town

Cbiintze ju yool maqo7x tu tnam:

lh, ( ) ( ) maqo7x tu tnam

We are going to Tii ntma7n jluu7 tuj inglees? to town

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees:

I am going to go to Machiinxe tu tnam town I slept in town Machiintaane tu tnam

You (sg) are going Machi7ye tu tnam to go to town You slept in town Mataane tu tnam

Daniel is going to Machi7 Danieel tu tnam go to town Daniel slept in town Mataan Danieel tu tnam

We (inc) are going to Maqp7x tu tnam go to town We slept in town Maqotaan tu tnam

They are going to go Mache7x tu tnam to town They slept in town Machiitaan tu tnam

300 Xi7 has another interesting property.

Cbiintze:

15. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I am going to go to eat1

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool machiinxe waa71:

16. ( ) ( )

Compare:

17. A. ( ) Machiinxe waa71 - 'I am going to go eat' B. ( ) Machiinwaa7ne - 'I ate'

Cbiintze ju yool machiinxe taal:•

18. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I am going to go sleep1.

Compare:

machiinwaa7ne •> machiinxe waa71

machiintaane ->• machiinxe taal

Ju yool machiinxe taal ntma7n 'I am going to go sleep1. Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n machi7 Taat Taat Loox is going to Loox taal: go sleep

301 Change according to the example given:

machiinvaaTne ->• machiinxe waaTl machiinxe taal machiintaarie -> machiinxe lool machiinloone •> machiinxe k'aal machiink ' aane -> machiinxe chool machiinchoone -> machiinxe tz'iibil machiintz' iibine •* machiinxe biitzil machiinbiitzine(sing)

Here are the dialogs:

A. iPor que quieren Uds. ir? B. Nosotros queremos ir a nuestra casa para dormir.

19. A. ( ) TiiquTn caje cheTxe? B. ( ) O.aje tuTn qxi7ye qjaaye tu7n qtaane.

A. 6A donde vas? B. Voy al pueblo.

20. A. ( ) Jatumel machiTye? B. ( ) Machiinxe tu tnam.

A. iVamos a trabajar ahora? B. Si, vamos a limpiar milpa.

21. A. ( ) MapeqoTx aq'naal jaTlo? B. ( ) Ooki MaqoTx juTlil kjoTn.

302 You will need to know these expressions: nchiinbiitzine nchiin7awaane ja71o

303 30U Manual del Instructor

ITAPA ^K PRKPARACTCTI

(a) waje tuTn nxi7yo T). (a) jatumel machi7ye? (b) waje chiinx (b) machiinxe tu tnam

(a) taje tuTn txiTye ?1. (a) mapeqo7x aq'naal ja71o? (b) taje chi7ye (b) ooki MaqoTx ju71il kjo7n

(a) qaje tuTn qxi7ye (b) qaje qo7xe

caj che7x (2)

sieempre nchiinxe tu tnam (2)

sieempre nchiinxe tu tnam (2)

sieempre nxi7ye tu tnam (2)

sieempre nxi7 Taat Loox tu tnam (2)

(a) sieempre nqo7xe tu tnam (b) sieempre nchetxe tu tnam (c) sieempre nche7x tu tnam

10. machiinxe (2)

11. (a) machiintaane (b) machiinxe

12. machi7ye tu tnam (2)

13. machi7 Taat Cheep tu tnam (2) lU. maqo7x tu tnam (2)

15. machiinxe waa71 (2)

16. machiinxe waa71 (2)

17. (a) machiinxe waa71 (b) machiinwaa7ne

18. machiinxe taal (2)

19. (a) tiiqu7n caje che7xe? (b) qaje tu7n qxi7ye qjaaye tu7n qtaane

305 306 Leccidn Quince

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

je tu7n qxi7ye qjaaye tuTn qtaane. Nosotros (exc) queremos ir a nuestra casa para dormir.

cbiintze - cmaantze

sustitucidn

Qaje Qaje tuTn qxi7ye qjaaye.

Taj Taj tu7n txi7 tjaa.

Waje Waje tu7n nxi7ye njaaye.

Caje Caje tu7n cxi7ye jaa

Qaj Qaj tu7n qxi7 qjaa.

Taje Taje tu7n txi7ye tjaaye.

Caj Caj tu7n cxi7 cjaa.

cambio

Qaje tu7n qxi7ye qjaaye. Qaje qo7xe qjaaye.

Waje tu7n nxi7ye njaaye. Waje chiinx njaaye.

Qaj tu7n qxi7 q.jaa. Qaj qo7x qjaa.

Caj tu7n cxi7 cjaa. Caj che7x cjaa.

Taj tu7n txi7 tjaa. Taj chi7 tjaa.

Caje tu7n cxi7ye cjaaye. Caje che7xe cjaaye.

307 Taje tuTn txiTye tjaaye. Taje chi7ye tjaaye. transformacion

Qaje tuTn qxiTye qjaaye. Qajpeye tuTn qxiTye qjaaye?

Qaj e tu7n qtaane. Qajpeye tuTn qtaane?

Qaje tuTn qaq'naane. Qajpeye tuTn qaq'naane?

Qaje tuTn qxi7ye tu tnam. Qajpeye tuTn qxiTye tu tnam?

Qaje tu7n qxiTye tu merkaado. Qajpeye tuTn qxiTye tu merkaado?

Qaje tuTn qxiTye tu komedoor. Qajpeye tuTn qxiTye tu komedoor? pregunta apropiada

Qaje tuTn qtaane. Tiitqal caje?

Caj tuTn ctaan. Tiitqal caj?

Waje tu7n nyooline. Tiitqal taje?

Taj tuTn twaaTn. Tiitqal taj?

Qaj tuTn qk'aan. Tiitqal qaj? modelo

TiiquTn caje cheTxe? iPor que quieren Uds. ir?

cbiintze - cmaantze sustitucion cheTx TiiquTn caj cheTx? chiTye TiiquTn taje chiTye? cheTxe TiiquTn caje cheTxe? chiT TiiquTn taj chiT?

308 qoTx 'iiqu7n qaj qo7x?

chiinx PiiquTn waje chiinx? traduccion

TiiquTn caje che7xe? iPor que quieren Uds. ir?

TiiquTn caj che7x? iPor que quieren ellos ir?

Tiiqu7n qaj qo7x? iPor que queremos (inc) ir?

Tiiqu7n qaje qo7xe*"? iPor que queremos (exc) ir?

Tiiqu7n taj chi7? iPor que quiere el ir?

Tiiqu7n taje chi7ye? iPor que quieres ir?

*se puede decir qo7x tambien

integracidn

'I'iiqu7n caje che7xe tjaa? Tiiqu7n caje che7xe tjaa tu7n 'J'iiqu7n caje chaq'naane? caq'naane?

Tiiqu7n taj chi7 njaaye? rJ'iiqu7n taj chi7 njaaye tu7n Tiiqu7n taj aq'naan? taq'naan?

Tiiqu7n qaj qo7x qjaa? Tiiqu7n qaj qo7x qjaa tu7n Tiiqu7n qaj qaq'naan? qaq'naan?

Tiiqu7n caj che7x cjaaye? Tiiqu7n caj che7x cjaaye tu7n Tiiqu7n caj chaq'naan? caq'naan?

'i'iiqu7n waje chiinx njaaye? Tiiqu7n waje chiinx njaaye tu7n Tiiqu7n waje chiinaq'naane? waq'naane? memorizacidn

A. Tiiqu7n caje che7xe? iPor que quieren Uds. ir? B. Qaje tu7n qxi7ye qjaaye tu7n Nosotros queremos ir a nues- qtaane. tra casa para dormir.

309 actividad

Estudiante A: Waje chiinx tu tnam. Estudiante B: Tajpeye tufn txi7ye wuuk'ile?

Estudiante A: Taj Roveerto chi7 tjaa. Estudiante B: Tajpe tu7n txij wuuk'ile" Estudiante A: Qaje qp7x tu comedoor. Estudiante B: Cajpeye tu7n cxi7ye quuk'ile? comprension

Taj Naan Liina chi7 tu tnam. Waje chiinx tuuk'il. Peero taj nmaane tu7n nxi7ye qjaaye. respuesta apropiada

1. Tajpe nmaane tu7n nxi7ye tuuk'il Naan Liina?

2. Wajpeye chiinx tuuk'il nmaane?

3. A17uuk'il waje chiinx?

U. Jatum taj nmaane tu7n nxi7ye?

5. Tajpe Naan Liina tu7n txi7 tu tnam? actividad

El estudiante A dira un deseo, y el estudiante B hara una pregunta acerca de ello. Asi:

Estudiante A: Waje chiinx tuuk'il Naan Liina. Estudiante B: Tgaaniye chi7ye tuuk'ilxuj?

Estudiante A: Waje chiinx tuuk'il Paax Lops.. Estudiante B: Tgaaniye chi7ye tuuk'ilxnaq? ETC.

310 Ciclo 2 modelo

Jatumel machi7ye? &A donde vas?

cbiintze - craaantze preguntas apropiadas

1. Machiinxe tu tnam. Jatumel machi7ye?

2. Machiinxe njaaye. Jatumel machi7ye?

3. Machi7 Liina Mnaal tu kaampo. Jatumel machi7? h. Maqp7xe tjaa qchmaane. Jatumel mache7xe? sustitucidn - traduccidn ellos Jatumel mache7x?

Uds. Jatumel mache7xe? yo Jatumel machiinxe? el (o ella) Jatumel machi7? nosotros (inc) Jatumel maqp7x? tu Jatumel machi7ye? nosotros (exc) Jatumel maqo7xe? modelo

Machiinxe tu tnam. Voy al pueblo.

3U sustitucion merkaado Machiinxe tu merkaado. pensioon Machiinxe tu pensioon. comedoor Machiinxe tu comedoor.

Huehuetenango* Machiinxe Huehuetenango. plaas Machiinxe tu plaas.

Ixtahuacan Machiinxe Ixtahuacan. tnam Machiinxe tu tnam.

*con nombres de lugares no se usa tu respuesta evasiva

Jatumel machiTye? Waje tuTn nxi7ye tu tnam, peero machiinxe njaaye.

Jatumel machiT Taat Loox? Taj tuTn txi7 tu tnam, peero machi7 tjaa.

(maqoTxe, mache7xe)

integracion

Machi7 ju xjaal tu tnam. ^ Ju xjaal machi7 tu tnam mataan Mataan ju xjaal njaaye . njaaye.

Machi7 ju xjaal tu plaas.^. Ju xjaal machi7 tu plaas Mawaa7n ju xjaal njaaye, mawaa7n njaaye.

Machi7 ju xjaal tu merkaado.^ Ju xjaal machi7 tu merkaado Mayoolin ju xjaal wuuk'ile. mayoolin wuuk'ile.

Machi7 ju xjaal tu tnam. Ju xjaal machi7 tu tnam matz'iibin Matz'iibin ju xjaal juun kaarta. juun kaarta.

312 ext)ansi6n

1. Machiinxe tu tnam. Machiinxe tu tnam tu7n nvaaTne.

MaqoTx tu tnam. MaqoTx tu tnam tuTn qvaaTn.

MacheTx tu tnam. MacheTx tu tnam tuTn cwaaTn.

MacheTxe tu tnam. MacheTxe tu tnam tuTn cwaaTne.

2. MachiTye tu pensioon. MachiTye tu pensioon tuTn ttaane.

Machiinxe tu pensioon. Machiinxe tu pensioon tuTn ntaane.

MacheTxe tu pensioon. MacheTxe tu pensioon tuTn ctaane.

MaqoTxe tu pensioon. MaqoTxe tu pensioon tuTn qtaane. memorizaci6n

A. Jatumel machiTye? iA donde vas? B. Machiinxe tu tnam. Voy al pueblo.

actividad

Estudiante A Waje chiinx. Estudiante B Jatumel taje chiTye? Estudiante A Waje chiinx tu plaas.

La misma actividad, pero esta vez se preguntara ' ipor que1:

Estudiante A Waje chiinx tu tnam. Estudiante B TiiquTn taje chiTye tu tnam? Estudiante A Waje chiinx tu plaas tuTn nyooline. Estudiante B AlTuuk'il taje tuTn tyoolme? Estudiante A Waje chiinx tu tnam tuTn nyooline tuuk'il Naan Liina.

comprension

Waje chiinx tu pensioon. Taj ntzice chiT vuuk'ile tuTn twaaTn. Mil waje tuTn nwaaTne. Waje tuTn ntaane tu pensioon.

313 respuesta apropiada

1. Tajpe ntzice chiT tu tnam? 2. Jatumel taj tuTn txiT?

3. TiiquTn machi7 ntzice bu pensioon? k. Yajtzun weeye, wajpeye chiinx? 5. TiiquTn machiinxe tu pensioon? 6. AlTuuk'il taj ntzice tu7n txiT tu tnam? actividad

Estudiante A Taj Taat Cheep chiT tuuk'ile. Estudiante B MiiaaT aaxtook. Taj chiT tuuk'il Yaan Lops. Estudiante A Taj Taat Cheep aq'naan tuuk'ile. Estudiante B MiiaaT aaxtook. Taj aq'naan tuuk'il Yaan Lops,

Se seguirS usando verbos como: yolin, taan, biitzan (cantar), k'aan, waaTn. siich'in, etc.

Ciclo 3 modelo

Ooki MaqoTx juTlil kjoTn. S£, vamos a limpiar milpa.

cbiintze - craaantze traducei6n

1. MaqoTx JuTlil kjoTn. Vamos a limpiar milpa.

MacheTx JuTlil kjoTn. Van a limpiar milpa.

Machiinxe juTlil kjoTn. Voy a limpiar milpa.

31U Maqo7x waa71. Vamos a comer.

Maqo7x yoolil. Vamos a hablar.

Maqo7x tz'iibil. Vamos a escribir.

Maqo7x awaal. Vamos a sembrar.

Maqo7x aq'naal. Vamos a trabajar.

Maqo7x lool. Vmos a comer. cambio

Machiinxe aq'naal. Machimaq'naane.

Maqo7x aq'naal. Maqaq'naan.

Machi7ye aq'naal. Ma7aq'naane.

Mache7x aq'naal. Machaq'naan.

Machiinxe aq'naal. Machiinaq'naane.

Machi7 aq'naal. Ma7aq'naan.

Maqo7xe aq'naal. Maqaq'naane.

Machiinxe taal. Machiintaane.

Machi7ye k'aal. Male' aane.

Machi7 waa71. Mawaa7n.

Maqo7x chool. Maqochoon.

Maqo7xe yoolil. Maqoyooline.

Mache7xe tz'iibil. Machiitziibine.

Mache7x aq'naal. Chii7aq'naan. integracion

Maqowaa7ne maac'. Maqowaa7ne maac' tu komedoor. Nqowaa7ne tu komedoor.

Maqok'aane q'e7n maac'. Maqok'aane q'e7n maac' tu kan- Nqok'aane q'e7n tu kantiina. tiina.

315 Maqoloone laanch maac'. Maqoloone laanch maac' tu tnam. Nqoloone laanch tu tnam.

Maqotaane maac'. Maqotaane maac' tjaa nchmaane. Nqotaane tjaa nchmaane. modelo

MapeqoTx aq'naal jaTlo? iVamos a trabajar ahora?

cbiintze - cmaantze cambio

MaqoTx aq'naal jaTlo. MapeqoTx aq'naal jaTlo?

Machiinxe aq'naal jaTlo. Mapechiinxe aq'naal jaTlo?

MaqoTxe aq'naal jaTlo. MapeqoTxe aq'naal jaTlo?

MacheTx aq'naal jaTlo. MapecheTx aq'naal jaTlo?

MachiTye aq'naal jaTlo. MapechiTye aq'naal jaTlo?

MachiT Yaan Miintz aq'naal jaTlo. MapechiT Yaan Miintz aq'naal jaTlo? cumplimiento libre

1. MiiTn chiinxe aq'naal peero machiinx

2. MiiTn chiinxe yoolil tuuk'il Danieel peero machiinxe

3. MiiTn cheTx juTlil kjoTn, peero macheTx h. MiiTn qoTx biitzal, peero maqoTx , 5. MiiTn chiT Taat Loox wuuk'ile, peero mafthj.T 6. MiiTn chiTye tu kantiina, peero machiTye

316 memorizacion

MapeqoTx aq'naal ja71o? iVamos a trabajar ahora? Ooki Maqo7x juTlil kjo7n. Sf, vamos a limpiar milpa.

comprerisi6n

Machiinxe aq'naal tuuk'il nmaane. Maqo7xe awaal kjo7n tu qch'ooch'e, Ngaaniye chiin7aq'naane tuuk'il nmaane. respuesta apropiada

1. A17uuk'il machiinxe aq'naal?

2. Mapechi7 nmaane wuuk'ile? 3. Kjo7npe maqo7xe awaal tee exqa kapee? h. Tuuk'il nmaanpeye machiinxe aq'naal exqa tuuk'il nchuu7ye?

5. A17uuk'il ngaaniye chiinaq'naan ? diglogos extras

A. Jatumel caj tu7n cxi7? £A ddnde quieren ir ellos? B. Caj tu7n cxi7 tu tnam. Ellos quieren ir al pueblo.

A. Jatumel ta7 tjaaye? iDonde esta tu casa? B. Ta7 njaaye tu tnam. Caje Mi casa esta en el pueblo. che7xe njaaye? iQuieren ir a mi casa? A. Qaajei Ma qo7xe ja71o. Si, nosotros vamos ahora.

A. Jatumel machi7ye? iA d6nde vas? B. Machiinxe pastooril ncheeje. Voy a pastorear mi caballo.

317 Jatumel machi7ye? 1A d<5nde vas? Machiinxe waa71 tjaa nchmaane. Voy a comer en la casa de mi abuelo.

Jnic' oor caje tu?n cxiTye? AA que hora quieren Uds. ir? Qaje tu7n qxi7ye tee laas oocho, Queremos (exc) ir a las ocho.

Jatumel mache7xe? AA donde van Uds.? Maqo7xe aq'naal tu qch'ooch'e. Nosotros (exc) vamos a traba- jar en nuestro terreno.

Jatumel machi7ye, Taat? AA donde vas, Senor? Machiinxe aq'naal ti7witz. Voy a trabajar en la cumbre.

Mapechi7 Taat Waan tu tnam? AVa el Sefior Juan al pueblo? Ooki Machi7 k'aayil teheej, Si, va a vender su caballo.

Mache7xe waa71? AVan a comer Uds.? Mii7nl Maqowaa7ne maac' tee priim. No, comimos en la maflana.

318 Lesson Sixteen

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze:

1. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuT 'I go there'

Cbiintze juun majtl:

2. ( ) ( )

Tii ntma7n ju yool nchiinxe machiiT tuj I go there inglees?

Cbiintze ju yool 'I arrive there1 tuj maam:

3. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool nchiinpoone machii7:

h. ( ) ( )

Compare:

319 Nchiinxe machiiT - I go there Nchiinpoone machiiT - I arrive there

Ctz 'iibinkuye tuj maam: nchiinxe machiiT I go there npoone machiiT I arrive there nqpTx machiiT We (inc) go there nqopoon machiiT We (inc) arrive there nchiipoon machiiT They arrive there

Ju yool juun ntmaTn 'one'

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

5. ( ) ( )

Ju yool kabe ntmaTn 'two'.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool kabe: 6. ( ) ( )

Ju yool ooxe ntmaTn 'three'.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze: T. ( ) ( )

320 Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees:

three ooxe

two k&be

one juun

Ju yool caaje ntma7n 'four'

Cbiintze ex craaantze: ( ) ( )

Ju yool jue7 ntma7n 'five'

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

9. ( ) ( )

If you hear juun, write 1_, if kabe, write 2_. etc.

1. 5 10. 1 2. 3 2 3. 2 3 h. k k 5. 1 5 6. 1 6 7. 5 7 8. 3 8 9. 2 9 10. k 10

321 Ju yool gag ntmaTn 'six'.

Tii ntmaTn ju yool jue7?

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool gag:

11. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju yool gag:

Ju yool wuug ntma7n 'seven'. four Tii ntma7n ju yool caaje three ooxe ? six gag

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool wuug:

12. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju yool wuug tuj inglees:

Ju yool wajxag ntma7n 'eight'.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool wajxag:

13. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool wajxag tuj inglees: eight

Ju yool beelaj ntma7n 'nine'.

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool beelaj

11*. ( ) ( )

322 Ju yool laaj ntmaTn 'ten'.

15. ( ) ( )

laaj Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'ten' tuj maam:

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj mglees:

three ooxe five jueT eight wajxaq nine beelaj four caaje six qaq. one juun two kabe seven wuuq

If you hear juun, write 1_, if kabe, write 2_, etc.

1. 1 16. 1. 2. 5 3. 10 h. 2 5. 6 6. 9 T. 3 8. 7 9- 8 10. k 11. 9 12. 3 13. 7 lU. 5 15. 6

Although the Mayan languages used to have an elaborate, twenty-base numbering system. Today only the numbers below ten are in current usage. (Those below five are the most common.) Spanish is used for any of the higher numbers.

323 Cbiintze ju yool 'how many days'

17. ( ) ( ) jteT q'iij

Ju yool jte7 ntma7n 'how many'. day (or days) Tii ntma7n ju yool q'iij?

Ju yool oor ntma7n 'hour'.

How many hours Tii ntma7n ju yool jte7 oor?

Cbiintze ju yool jnic' oor:

18. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'at what time?'

Cbiintze ju yool 'I go by bus':

19. ( ) ( ) tu7n kamioneet nchiinxe

Ju yool cheej ntma7n 'horse'*.

Tu7n cheej nchiinxe. Tii ntma7n 'I go by horse' tuj maam?

*beast of burden

Cbiintze ju yool 'I go on foot'

20. ( ) ( )

Juun majtl:

21. ( ) ( ) Tu7n nqane nchiinxe

32U Compare:

A. Tu7n cheej nxi7 Taat Taat Waan goes by Waan. horse.

B. Tu7n tcheej Taat Taat Waan goes on Waan nxi7. his horse.

C. Tu7n tqan Taat Waan Taat Waan goes on foot nxi7. (his feet).

but never tu7n tqan nxi7 Taat Waan.

Quite obviously, feet always belong to someone. In Mam, the noun being possessed and the person possessing are brought together, hence, tqan Taat Waan or nqane.

Give the correct form:

Tu7n nqane nchiinxe I go by foot.

Tu7n cheej nchiinxe I go by horse.

Tu7n kaarro nxi7 Taat Taat Loox goes by car. Loox. Tu7n tqan Taat Loox Taat Loox goes by foot. nxi7. Tu7n cheej nxi7 Taat Taat Liix goes by horse. Liix. Tu7n tcheej Taat Liix Taat Liix goes on his horse. nxi7. Tu7n tqan Taat Liix Taat Liix goes on (by) foot. nxi7.

Here are the dialogs:

A. LA que hora llegan a Huehuetenanpo? B. Llegamos a las cinco.

22. A. ( ) Jnic' oor nchiipoone Chna7jal? B. ( ) Nqopoone tee laas siinko.

A. £En cuantos di'as llegas a pie a Quetzalte- nango?

325 B. Llego en tres dias.

23. A. ( ) JteT CL'iij npoone tuTn tqane Choljuub? B. ( ) Nchiinpoone tu ooxe q'iij.

Find out what nchiinbeete means,

326 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. nchiinxe machiiT (2) (g) ooxe (h) wuuq 2. nchiinxe machiiT (2) (i) vajxaq (j ) caaje 3. nchiinpoone machii7 (2) (k) beelaj (l) ooxe h, nchiinpoone machii7 (2) (m) wuuq (n) jue7 5. juun (2) (o) qaq

6. kabe (2) 17. . jte7 q'iij (2) 7. ooxe (2) 18. jnic'oor (2) 8. caaje (2) 19. tu7n kamioneet nchiinxe (2) 9- Jue'r (2) 20. tu7n nqane nchiinxe 10. (a) jue7 (b) ooxe 21. tu7n nqane nchiinxe (c) kabe (d) caaje 22. (a) jnic' oor nchiipoone (e) juun Chna7jal? (f) juun (b) nqopoone tee laas siinkc, (g) jue7 (h) ooxe 23. (a) jte7 q'iij npoone tu7n tqane (i) k£be Choljuub? (J) caaje (b) nchiinpoone tu ooxe q'iij. 11. qaq (2)

12. wuuq (2)

13. wajxaq (2)

lU. beelaj (2)

15. laaj (2)

16. (a) juun (b) jue7 (c) laaj (d) kabe (e) qaq (f) beelaj

327 cb

Nq

Nq

Nq

Nq

Nq

Nc

328 Lecci6n Dieciseis

K'L'APA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Nqopoone tee laas siinko. Llegamos a las cinco.

cbiintze - cmaantze traducei6n

Nqopoone tee qaaTle. Llegamos por la tarde.

Nqopoone tee chikaq'iij. Llegamos a mediodia.

Nqopoone tee priim. Llegamos por la manana.

Nqopoone tee laas doos. Llegamos a las dos.

Nqopoone tee qaa71e tee laas trees, Llegamos a las tres de la tarde

Nqopoone tee qoniic'an. Llegamos por la noche.

sustitucidn

tnam Nqopoone tee qaaTle tu tnam.

njaaye Nqopoone tee qaaTle njaaye.

ITtzal Nqopoone tee qaaTle ITtzal.

merkaado Nqopoone tee qaaTle tu merkaado,

plaas Nqopoone tee qaaTle tu plaas.

tjaa nmaane Nqopoone tee qaajle tjaa nmaane.

32Q redecir

Nchiinxe tee laas siinko. Tee laas siinko nchiinxe.

Nchiinxe tee chikaq'iij. Tee chikaq'iij nchiinxe.

Nchiinxe tee priim. Tee priim nchiinxe.

NxiT Esteevan tee qaaTle. Tee qaaTle nxiT Esteevan.

NqoTx tee laas oocho. Tee laas oocho nqoTx.

Nnoon nmaane tee qaaTle. Tee qaaTle npoon nmaane.

sustitucidn

oor Jnic' oor nchiipoone ChnaTjal?

q'iij Alcee q'iij nchiipoone ChnaTjal?

a ' i i ,i Alcee q'iij nchiipoone ChnaTjal?

oor Jnic' oor nchiipoone ChnaTjal?

q'iij Alcee q'iij nchiipoone ChnaTjal?

oor Jnic1 oor nchiipoone ChnaTjal?

cambio

Nchiinxe tee laas diees. Nchiinpoone tee laas diees,

NqoTx tee laas diees. Nqopoon tee laas diees.

NcheTxe tee laas diees. Nchiipoone tee laas diees.

NxiTye tee laas diees. Npoone tee laas diees.

NxiT tee laas diees. Npoon tee laas diees.

NqoTxe tee laas diees. Nqopoone tee laas diees.

NcheTx tee laas diees. Chiipoon tee laas diees.

330 modelo

Jnic' oor nchiipoone Chna7jal? iA que hora llegan a Huehue- tenango?

cbiintze - cmaantze pregunta apropiada

1, Nchiinxe tee qaa71e. Jnic' oor npoone?

Nxi7 nmaane tee laas siinko. Jnic' oor npoon?

Nche7x tee chikaq'iij. Jnic'oor nchiipoon?

Nqo7xe tee laas sieete. Jnic' oor nchiipoone?

2. Npoonq'a tee priim. Jnic' oor npoonq'a?

Nchiinpoone tee qoniic'an. Jnic' oor npoone?

Nqopoone tee qaa71e. Jnic' oor nchiipoone?

Nchiipoon tee qoniic'an. Jnic' oor nchiipoon?

integracion

Nxi7 ju xjaal tee priim. Ju xjaal nxi7 tee priim npoon tee Npoon ju xjaal tee qaa71e- qaatle.

Nxi7 ju xjaal tee laas siinko. Ju xjaal nxi7 tee laas siinko Npoon ju xjaal tee laas seeis. npoon tee laas seeis.

Nxi7 ju xjaal tee qoniic'an. Ju xjaal nxi7 tee qoniic'an Npoon ju xjaal tee priim. npoon tee priim.

Nxi7 ju xjaal tee chikaq'iij. Ju xjaal nxi7 tee chikaq'iij Npoon ju xjaal tee qaa71e . npoon tee qaa71e.

memorizacion

A. Jnic' oor nchiipoone Chna7jal? iA que hora llegan a Huehue- tenango? B. Nqopoone tee laas siinko. Llegamos a las cinco.

331 actividad

Estudiante A Sieempre nchiinpoone njaaye tee qaaTle. Estudiante B Jnic' oor npoone? Estudiante A Tee laas siinko.

Estudiante A Sieempre nchiinpoone Chna7jal. Estudiante B Alcee q'iij npoone? Estudiante A Nchiinnoone tu domiink. respuesta libre

1. Alcee q'iij npoone Xniil (Colotenango)?

2. Jnic' oor npoone tjaaye?

3. Tiiqu7n nxiTye Xniil?

U. Alcee nxi7 ITtzal (ixtahuacan)?

5. Tee laas siinko exqa tee laas seeis npoone tjaaye? conrorensi6n

Machiinxe ChnaTjal. Sieempre nchiinxe tee laas siinko ex nchiinpoone tee laas oocho. Ngaaniye tu7n nxi7ye tu7nju at nim xjaal tu merkaado. respuesta apropiada

1. Alcee sieempre nxi7 Chna7jal?

2. Jnic' oor nchiinxe?

3. Jnic' oor nchiinpoone? h. Jte7 oor nchiinpoone?

5. Tiiqu7n ngaaniye tu7n nxi7ye?

332 Ciclo 2 modelo

Nchiinpoone tu ooxe q'iij, Llego en tres dias.

cbiintze - cmaantze

senalar y decir

Nqopoon tu juun q'iij.

Nqopoon tu kab* q'iij.

Nqopoon tu oox* q'iij.

Nchipoone tu caaj* q'iij.

Npoone tu qaq q'iij.

Npoone tu wuuq q'iij.

Npoone tu wajxaq q'iij.

Npoone tu beelaj q'iij.

Npoone tu laaj q'iij.

*se puede decir kabe o kab, ooxe o oox, caaje o caaj

traduccidn

Nchiinpoone tee qaa71e. Yo llego alia por la tarde. NxiT Taat Loox tee qaaTle. Taat Loox sale por la tarde. Nxi7 Taat Paax tee laas siinko. Taat Paax sale a las cinco. Npoon Taat Loox tee laas siinko, Taat Loox llega alia a las cinco, Nqo7xe tee priim. Nosotros (exc) saliraos por la manana. Npoone tee priim. Ud. llega alia por la manana. Nche7x tee laas seeis. Ellos salen a las seis. Npoon tee laas seeis. Elllega a las seis.

333 integraci6n (AL ESTUB!ANTE: Ju yool ok ntmaTn 'cuando'.

NxiT Taat Loox tee qaaTle , NxiT Taat Loox ok nchiirrooone, Nchiinpoone tee qaaTle .

NxiT Taat Paax tee laas siinko • Nxi7 Taat Paax ok npoon Taat Npoon Taat Loox tee laas siinko. Loox.

NqoTxe tee priim , NqoTxe ok npoone. Npoone tee priim .

NcheTx tee laas seeis . NcheTx ok npoon. Nuoon tee laas seeis , raodelo

JteT q'iij npoone tuTn tqane iEn cuantos dias llegas a Choljuub? pie a Quetzaltenango?

cbiintze - cmaantze

sustituci6n

q'iij JteT q'iij npoone Choljuub? oor JteT oor npoone Choljuub?

q'iij JteT q'iij npoone Choljuub?

nchiintioone JteT q'iij nchiinpoone Choljuub?

nqopoone JteT q'iij nqopoone Choljuub?

oor JteT oor nqopoone Choljuub?

npoon JteT oor npoon Choljuub?

q'iij JteT q'iij npoon Choljuub?

ChnaTjal JteT q'iij npoon ChnaTjal?

tziaT JteT q'iij npoon tziaT?

JteT oor npoon tziaT?

JteT oor nqopoone tziaT?

33U traducei6n

Jte7 q'iij npoone Choljuub? iEn cuantos di'as llegas a Que:'.al- tenango?

JteT q'iij npoone ChnaTjal? iEn cuantos dias llegas a Huehue- tenango?

JteT oor npoone tu tnam? iEn cuantas horas llegas al pueblo?

JteT oor npoone tu skueel? iEn cuantas horas llegas a la escuela?

JteT oor npoone tjaa tchmaane'i iEn cuantas horas llegas a la casa de tu abuelo?

JteT oor npastoorine? iCuantas horas pastoreas?

Jte7 oor naq'naane? iCuantas horas trabajas? sustituci6n - traduccidn

Npoon Danieel tu juun oor. nueve Npoon Danieel tu beela.i •>•'.. cinco Npoon Danieel tu jueT oor. siete Npoon Danieel tu wuuq oor. dos Npoon Danieel tu kab oor. ocho Npoon Danieel tu wajxaq oor. tres Npoon Danieel tu ooxe oor. cuatro Npoon Danieel tu caaje oor. traducci6n

TuTn nqane nchiinxe tu tnam. Voy al pueblo a pie.

TuTn cheej nxiTye tu tnam. Vas al pueblo a caballo.

TuTn kamioneet ncheTx tu tnam. Van al pueblo en camioneta.

TuTn qqan nqoTx tu tnam. Vamos jinc) al pueblo a pie,

335 Tu7n eg.an ncheTx tu tnam. Van al pueblo a pie.

TuTn avioon nche7xe tu tnam. Uds . van al pueblo en avion. cumplimiento

nchiinxe njaaye.

ncheTx njaaye.

nchiipoon njaaye.

nqopoone njaaye.

ncheTxe njaaye.

npoone njaaye. integraci6n

Nchiinxe tee laas diees • Qa nchiinxe tee laas diees nchiin- Nchiinpoone tee laas doose poone tee laas doose.

NxiT tee laas trees . Qa nxiT tee laas trees npoon it.e Nnoon tee .laas seeis. laas seeis.

NaoTx tee laa uuna. Qa nqpTx tee laa uuna nqopoon tee Hao-Doon tee laas oocho. laas oocho.

NcheTx tee laas oonse - Qa ncheTx tee laas oonse nchiipoon Nchiipoon teelaas doose. tee laas doose. traducci6n

JteT xjaal at? iCuantas personas hay?

JteT cix at? iCuantos pescados hay?

JteT jaa at? iCuantas casas hay?

JteT liivru at? iCuantos libros hay?

JteT muuqin at? iCuantas tortillas hay?

JteT cheej at? iCuantas bestias hay?

336 memorizaci6n

A. Jte7 q'nj npoone tuTn tqane iEn cuantos dias lleg Choljuub? pie a Quetzaltenango': B. Nchiinpoon tu ooxe q'iij. Llego en tres dias.

adivmanzas

Qa nchiinxe tee laas trees nchnnpoone tee laas cuatro, jte7 oor nchnnbeete? Nbeete juun oor.

Qa nchiinxe tee laas trees nchiinbeete kab oor, jnic' oor nchimpoone? Npoone tee laas snnko,

Qa ncheTxe tee laas seeis nchnpoone tee laas nueeve, jteT oor nchnbeete? Nqobeete ooxe oor.

Qa nxi7 tee laa uuna npoon tee laas diees , jte7 oor nbeet? Nbeet beelaj oor.

Qa nxi7ye tee laas doose nbeete wajxaq oor, jnic' oor npoone? NchiintJOone tee laas oocho. respuesta libre

Jte7 q'iij npoone Choljuub?

Jte7 q'iij npoone Chna7jal?

Jte7 oor npoone tjaa tchmaane?

Jte7 q'iij nqopoone Guatemaala? respuesta evasiva

Estudiante: Jte7 oor npoone tjaa tchmaane?

Maestro: Qa machimxe laas seeis nchiinpoone tee laas nueeve.

Estudiante: Entoonses nbeete ooxe oor.

337 Estudiante: Jte7 oor nchiipoon Choljuub? di Maestro: Qa macheTx jaTlo, nchiibeet tu kab oor.

Estudiante: Entoonses nchiipoon tee laas respuesta apropiada

Jte7 oor n7aq'naane?

JteT oor nchiinbeete ok nchiinxe AaTq'al?

Jnic' oor?

Alcee q'iij nqo7aq'naane?

Jnic' oor npoone qa nxi7ye tee laas doos ex nbeete jue7 oor? actividad

Estudiante A Jte7 oor npoone (tjaa nchmaane)? Estudiante B Qa machiinxe (tee laas diees) nchiinpoone (tee laas doose] Estudiante C Tu kab oor nnoone. comt>rensi6n

Lo7n tbii ju xjaal wu7ne aju sieempre nxi7 tu tnam tee qaa71e. Nxi7 tee laas simko ex npoon tee laas seeis. Tu7n cheej nxi7. respuesta apropiada

1. Lo7npe tbii ju xjaal wu7ne nxi7 tee qaa71e?

2. Jnic' oor nxi7?

3. Jnic' oor npoon?

U. Tee qaa71e exqa tee priim nxi7?

5. Jte7 oor npoon?

338 dialogos extras

A. JteT cbeet tchooj Naan Yaan at? iCuantos chompipes tiene 1E f'efiora Faviana? B. Bel at wiinqin. Tal vez liay como veinte.

A. Qaje qoTxe ChnaTjal ja71o. Queremos (excj lr a Huehuete- Atpe kamioneeta Ja71o? nango ahora. iHabra camioneta? B. NtiTi Tee laas siinko nxi7 No, a las cinco de la manana tee priira. sale.

A. Jte7 oor npoone tjaa tchmaane? iEn cuantas horas llegas a la casa de tu abuelo? B. Qa machiinxe tee laas diees Si voy a las diez, llego a las nchiinpoone tee laas doose. doce.

as doose,

Nxi7 tee

339 Nt t2

3^0 Lesson Seventeen

PREPARATION HTAGI'

Cbiintze ju yool 'Taat Cheep comes here1

1. ( ) ( )

Cbimtze juun majtl ju yool ntzaaj Taat Cheep tzaluu7:

P.. I M )

Ctz' lihmknye .in yool "laan Lima comes here'

Ntzaaj Naan Liina tzaluuT

Cbiintze ju yool nchiinLzaaje LzaiuuT:

3. ( ) [ 1

Ntma7n jluuj 'I come here1.

Ju yool nchnntzaaje tzaluuj ntma7n ' 1 come here' .

Ctz'ubinkuye tn ntma?n ju yool ntzaaj Taat Taat Cheep comes here Cheep tzaluu?:

Ctz'iibmkuye til ntmaTn ju yool ntzaaje You come here tzaluu7:

3'H Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool:

We (exc) come here nqotzaaje tzaluuT:

They come here nchiitzaaj tzaluuT

You (pi) come here nchiitzaaje tzaluuT

1. a. nchiinxe - I go

b. nchiintzaaje - T come

you go 2. a. nxiTye -

ntzaaje - you come b. hr Taat Cheep goes 3. a. nxiT Taat Cheep

ntzaaj Taat Cheep - b. - hE Taat Cheep comes We (exc) go k. a. nqpTxe

nqotzaa.ie - we (exc) b. __ _ - ^ come we (inc) TO ''•>. a. nqoTx

nqotzaa.i - we ^inc) b. - come You (pi) go 6. a. ncheTxe

nchiitzaaje - you (pi) b. come They go 7. a. cheTx

nchiitzaaj - they come b.

Cbiintze:

k. ( ) ( ) Machiinxe k'aal q'eTn

NtmaTn jluuT "I am going to go drink 'aguar- diente ' "

3U2 Cbiintze:

ri. ( ) ( ) Machiintzaaje k'aal q'e'fn rItma7n jluuT "'[ came to drink 'aguardiente'"

Compare:

A. Machimxe k'aal q'e7n. B. Machiintzaaje k'aal q'e'fn.

Ntma7n ju A 'I am going to go drink aguardiente' f!tma7n ju B * I came to drink aguardiente'.

Note that if ma_ is used with xi7 it indicates lias not action that (has/has not) taken place today.

If ma is used with tzaaj or any other verb, the action (lias/has not) taken nlace today.

Cbiintze ,jluu7:

6. ( M ) NtmaTn ,iluu7 * I. sell clothes'

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool nchiink'aayine xbaalun:

7. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool 'I go to sell clothes'

). ( ) ( ) nchiinxe k'aayil xbaalun

3U3 Compare:

A. Mchiink1 aayme xbaalun. B. Nchiinxe k'aayil xbaalun.

T. sell clothes Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju A:

I go to sell clothes Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju B:

Ju yool nchiinpoone ntmaTn 'I arrive (there)'

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool nchiinpoone I arrive (there) to k'aayil xbaalun: sell clothes

Ju yool nchiinuule ntmaTn 'I arrive (here)'.

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'I arrive (here) to sell Nchiinuule k'aayil clothes' : xb aalun

I come Tii ntmaTn ju yool nchiintzaaje?

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam 'I come to sell clothes' Nchimtzaa.ie k'aayil xbaalun

Compare:

A. TJxiT Taat Cheep k'aayil xbaalun. B. Itzaaj Taat Cheep k'aayil xbaalun. C. Tv!nuul Taat Cheep k'aayil xbaalun. D. Tipoon Taat Cheep k'aayil xbaalun.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees tii ntmaTn ju:

Taat Cheep Roes to sell clothes Taat Cheen comes to sell clothes Taat Cheep arrives (here) to sell clothes Taat Cheep arrives (there) to sell clothes

3UU Underline the parts of A. C, and D which are different.

NxiT Taat Cheep .. /V.

Mtzaa.i Taat Cheer)

Nnaul Taat Cheep .

Npoon Taat Cheer) .

do Xi7 , tzaaj , uul, and poon (do/do not) indi- cate motion or direction.

We will hereafter refer to this type of verb as directional verbs. Prepare yourselves for more in later lessons.

Change according to the example:

1. Nchiinloone mansaan TIchiinxe lool mansaan

NxiTye lool mansaan 2. Nloone mansaan

Nxi7 Taat Cheep lool 3. Mloon Taat Cheen mansaan mansaan NqoTxe lool mansaan h. Nq.oloone mansaan ______

NcheTxe lool mansaan 5. Nchiiloone mansaan

Ju yool nchiinloone mansaan ntmaTn 'I eat apples'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

Nchiinxe lool mansaan 1. I go to eat apples Nchiintzaaje lool man- 2. I come to eat apples saan

Nchiinr>oone lool man- 3. I arrive (there) to eat apples saan

3U5 Nchiinuule lool man- k. I arrive (here) to eat apples saan

Tii ntmaTn jluu7 tuj inglees?

I go to sell clothes Nchimxe k'aayil xhaalun

I sell clothes Nchimk'aayme xbaalun

I arrive (there) to Nnoon k'aal kapee drink coffee

I drink coffee Nchiink'aane kapee

We (inc) go to herd Nqp7x pastooril waakx cattle

We (inc) herd cattle Naonastoorine waakx

Change the following to the past time of tod^

1. e.g., npoone k'aayil xbaalun: mapoone k'aay i1 xb aalun

MacheTxe k'aal q'eTn 2. NcheTxe k'aal q'eTn

Machiintzaaje pastooril 3. Nchiintzaaje pastooril waakx waakx Machiitzaa.i waa71 naan h. Nchiitzaaj waa71 paan

Matzuul Taat Cheep k'aal 5. N7uul Taat Cheep k'aal q'e7n q'e7n

Here is the dialog:

A. iPor que vino tu mama? B. Vino para vender ropa en la plaza.

Ihf 9. A. ( ) Tiiqu7n matzaaj tchuu7ye?

B. ( ) Matzaaj k'aayil xbaalun tu plaas.

f todiij'

3^7 3U8 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. ntzaaj Taat Cheep tzaluu7 (2)

2. ntzaaj Taat Cheep tzaluuT (2)

3. nchiintzaaje tzaluuT (2) k. machiinxe k'aal q'eTn (2)

5. machiintzaaje k'aal q'e7n (2)

6. nchiink'aayine xbaalun (2)

7. nchiink'aayine xbaalun (2)

8. nchiinxe k'aayil xbaalun (2)

9. (a) tiiqu7n matzaaj tchuu7ye? (b) matzaaj k'aayil xbaalun tu plaas.

3»+9 mod

cbi

poc

tzs

uu]

xil

ma1

mac

mac

mac

mac

mac

Nt:

Nt:

Nt:

350 Leccion Diecisiete

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Matzaaj k'aayil xbaalun tu plaas, Vino para vender ropa en la pla'/.a.

cbiintze - cmaantze traduccion poon llegar (alia) tzaaj venir uul llegar (aqui) xi7 lr matzuule llegaste maquule llegamos (aqui) machiipoon llegaron (alia) machiintzaaje vine machuule llegaron Uds. (aqui) machiipoone llegaron Uds. (alia) pregunta fija

Ntzaaj k'aayil tee laas nueeve. Jnic'oor ntzaaj k'aayil?

Ntzaaj tee laas siinko. Jnic' oor ntzaaj? Ntzaaj wuuk'ile. AlTuuk'il ntzaaj?

351 Ntzaaj Taat Cheep. Alcee ntzaaj? Ntzaaj ncheeje. A17ee ju cheej ntzaaj?

Ntzaaj k'aayil tu maartes . Alcee q'nj ntzaaj k'aayil';

Ntzaaj tee laas oocho. Jnic' oor ntzaaj?

Ntzaaj tuuk'il Naan Liina. A17uuk'il ntzaaj?

Ntzaaj tcheej. Al7ee ju cheej ntzaaj? sustituci6n xbaalun Machiintzaaje k'aayil xbaalun tu plaas.

Machiintzaaje k'aayil laanch tu plaas. cheej Machiintzaaje k'aayil cheej tu plaas. meloon Machiintzaaje k'aayil meloon tu plaas.

Machiintzaaje k'aayil kuch tu plaas. mansaan Machiintzaaje k'aayil mansaan tu plaas. sustituci6n qchuu7 Matzaaj qchuu7 k'aayil xbaalun. tchmaan Matzaaj tchmaan k'aayil xbaalun. tmaane Matzaaj tmaane k'aayil xbaalun. ttzic Matzaaj ttzic k'aayil xbaalun. wiitz'ine Matzaaj wiitz'ine k'aayil xbaalun.

amaan Matzaaj qmaan k'aayil xbaalun

35S discriminaci6n

Maqopoone tee laas oocho. Cgaaniye mnchii'/V

Maquule tee laas oocho. Cgaaniye tzaluu??

Matzuul tee laas oocho. Tgaani tzaluuT?

Machiinpoone tee laas oocho, 'I'gaamye machn7"

Machuul tee laas oocho. Cgaani tzaluuT?

Mapoon tee laas oocho. Tgaani machiiT?

Machiinuule tee laas oocho. 'i'gaamye tzaluuT'.'

Machuul tee laas oocho. Cgaani tzaluuT? traducci6n

1. Matzaaj nchuuTye k'aayil xbaalun. Vino mi mama, a vender ropa.

Machiintzaaje k'aayil chee,-). Yo vine a vender bestias.

Matzaaje k'aayil waakx. Tu viniste a vender bueyes.

Maqotzaaje k'aayil laanch. Nosotros ^exc) vinimos a vender naranjas.

2. Machiipoon k'aayil iis. Kilos llegaron alia para vender papas.

Matzuul k'aayil iis. El llego aqui para vender papas.

Machuule k'aayil kuch. Uds. llegaron aqui' para vender marranos.

Maqopoon k'aayil xbaalun. Nosotros llegamos alia, para vender ropa. modelo

TiiquTn matzaaj tchuu7ye? iPor que vino tu mam£?

353 cbiintze - cmaantze reneticidn

Tiiqu7n maqotzaaj tu tnam?

TiiquTn matzuul tu tnam?

TiiquTn machiiTuul tu tnam?

TiiquTn matzaaj tu tnam?

TiiquTn machiinuule tu tnam?

TiiquTn maqoTxe tu tnam?

TiiquTn macheTxe tu tnam? sustitucidn tchuuTye TiiquTn matzaaj tchuuTye k'aayil kapee tu plaas? tiitz'ine TiiquTn matzaaj tiitz'ine k'aay.,1 kapee tu plaas? tchmaane TiiquTn matzaaj tchmaane k'aayil kapee tu plaas? ttzic TiiquTn matzaaj ttzic k'aayil kapee tu plaas? cmaane TiiquTn matzaaj cmaane k'aayil kapee tu plaas?

Taat Cheep TiiquTn matzaaj Taat Cheep k'aayil kapee tu plaas?

Taat XaTp TiiquTn matzaaj Taat XaTp k'aayil kapee tu plaas? respuesta limitada

Matzaaje k'aayil cheennq'? MiiTnl Machiintzaaje laq'ol cheennq'.

Machiintzaaje k'aayil laapis? MiiTni Matzaaje laq'ol laapis.

35^ Machiitzaaje k'aayil xbaalun? Mii7ni Maqotzaaje laq'ol xbaalun.

Maqptzaaj k'aayil u7j? MiiTni Maqotzaaj laq'ol u?j.

Matzaaj k'aayil lobj? MiiTnl Matzaaj laq'ol lobj.

Maqotzaaje k'aayil ec'? Mii7ni Machiitzaaje laq'ol ec'.

integraci6n

Machiipoon Choljuub . Machiipoon k'aayil cheej Choljuub. Machiik'aayin cheej-

Maquule tzaluu7. Maquule tz'iibil juun kaart tza.luu7. Maqotz'iibine juun kaart.

Mapoone Chna7jal. Mapoon laq'ol juun saako iis Malaq'oone juun saako iis Chna7j al.

memorizaci6n

A. Tiiqu7n matzaaj tchuu7ye? iPor que vino tu mama? B. Matzaaj k'aayil xbaalun tu Vino para vender ropa en It lay-1 plaas. plaza.

respuesta apropiada

1. Tiiqu7n matzaaj tchuu7ye? 2. Tiiqu7n matzuul tmaane tzaluu7? 3. Tiiqu7n machi7ye tu tnam? h. Tiiqu7n machiipoone machii7? 5. Matzuule tzaluu7 tu7n taq'naane? 6. Machiitzaaj aq'naal? 7. Matzaaje yoolil tuj maam? 8. A17uuk'il mapoon aq'naal? 9. A17uuk'il matzaaj tz'iibil?

dialogos extras

A. Ja mapoo7na naan pastoor? iA donde llegd mama a pas- torear? B. Maa mapoo7na pastoor ttzi nii7ma. Alia lleg6 a pastorear en la orilla del rfo.

355 A. Tiitqa.1 machiTye loltee? iQue vas a liacer? B. Machiinxe laq'cl tee ooxe Voy a comprar tres quintales cintaal avoono. de abono.

A. Tiiqu7n ntzn.n.,1 yaabil qi'fj" iPor que viene la enfermedad a nosotros? R. TuYn.lu miiaaT qch'ajoomni qiib. bor no mantenernos aseado.

A. Jatiunel bn'fn tu'j'n ttr.aaj yaab.il' .'.be donde puede vetur la en- fermedad? b. At maj tuTnJu tr. Mil ntr.aaj A veces de la suciedad viene vaabi1. la enfermedad.

A. Alcee matzaa.l jaT-lo" iQuien vino ahora? B. Aa taat ajkaal matzaaj jaTlo. Rs el sefior alcalde que vino abora.

A. AlTee ju kaarro taT chiiT? ADe quien es el carro que esta alia? B. Tee ju x.laal tzaaj Chol.iuub, De la persona que vino de Quesaltenango.

3^ Lesson Eighteen

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze:

1. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuY 'ask! (sg, in that direction)1,

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool qaaninxe: ( ) ( )

Ask! (sg, in that Tii ntmaTn ju yool qaaninxe? direction)

Cbiintze ju yool qaanintze:

3. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'ask! (sg, in this direction)

Compare:

A. qaaninxe B. qaanintze

The two words have exactly the same letters x, tz except for .

The two words mean exactly the same thing (ask!) B except that (A/B) means 'ask in this direction' , A while (A/B) means 'ask in that direction'. tz Therefore (x/tz) gives the idea 'in this direc- tion', while (x/tz) gives the idea 'in that direction'.

357 Ju yool qaaninxe ntma7n 'ask! (sg, in that direc- Lis tion) ' . dii

'ask! (sg, in this Tii ntmaTn jluu7: qaanintze? direction)'

By this point you may have guessed that the x and tz are somehow related to the verbs xiT and tzaaj. Thus nxi7 'he goes (in that direction)' and ntzaaj Lis 'he comes (in this direction)'. th£

Cbiintze ju yool cqaaninxe: Lis It. ( ) ( ) thi

Ntma7n jluu7 'ask! (pi, in that direction)'

Compare:

A. cqaaninxe B. cqaanintze

Ask! (pi, in that Tii ntma7n ju A? ki: direction) Ask! (pi, in this Tii ntma7n ju B? direction)

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool: cqaaninxe Ask! (pi, in that direction) cqaanintze Ask! (pi, in this direction)

Cbiintze:

5. ( ) ( )

TSR Listen! (pi, in this Tii ntmaTn jluu7? direction)

Ju yool cqaaninxe ntma7n 'ask! (pi, in that Listen! (pi, in direction)'. Tii ntmaTn ju yool cbiinxe? that direction)

Ju yool qaanintze ntma7n 'ask! (sg, in this Listen! (sg, in direction)'. Tii ntmaTn ju yool biintze? this direction)

Cbiintze:

6. ( ) ( ) kiintze

NtmaTn jluu7 'look! (sg, in this direction,)'. Ju yool kiintze ntmaTn 'look! (in this direction) Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool tuj maam 'look! (sg, in kiinxe that direction)':

Cbiintze jluu7:

T. ( ) ( ) qaanintze weeye

NtmaTn jluu7 'ask me! (sg, in this direction)'. From here on there will not be the translation 'in this (or that) direction'.

Cbiintze:

i. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'give it (sg) to him'.

359 Cbiintze jluuT juun majtl:

9. ( ) ( ) q'oonxe tee

Give it (sg) to Tii ntmaTn ju yool q'oonxe tee' him

Cbiintze ,iu yool q'oonxe tee Danieel:

10. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT 'listen (sg) to Daniel'.

Sa Compare:

11. A. ( ) q'oonxe tee B. ( ) q'oonxe tee Danieel

Give it (sg) to him Tii ntmaTn A?

Give it (SR) to Tii ntmaTn B? Daniel

Notice that the tee of A carries much more stress than the tee of B (which is followed by Danieel).

Cbiintze juun majtl:

A. ( ) q'oonxe tee B. ( ) q'oonxe tee Danieel

SE Cmaantze:

13. A. ( ) q'oonxe tee B. ( ) q'oonxe tee Danieel

360 Here is a review:

q'ontze* - give it! (sg) q'oonxe - give it! (sg) cq'ontze* - give it! (pi) cq'oonxe - give it! (pi)

q'oontze weeye - give it (sg) to me! q'oonxe tee - give it (sg) to him! cq'oontze weeye - give it (pi) to me! cq'oonxe tee - e;ive it (pi) to him! *normally we would expect this to be written with two o's, but it isn't.

Cbiintze ju yool cmaantze weeye:

lh. ( ) ( )

Say it (pi) to me! Tii ntmaTn jluu7?

Cbiintze ju yool cmaantze tee:

15. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'say it (pi) to him!

Cbiintze ju yool q'maantze weeye:

16. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'say it (sg) to me!'

Say it (sg) to him! Tii ntma7n ju yool q'maanxe tee^

361 Normally, if second person plural is cmaantze. we would expect second person singular to be maantze. For some unknown reason a qj_ must appear before the maantze, i.e., q'maantze.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees: say it (pi) to me! cmaantze weeye say (sg) it to me! q'maantze weeye ask (pi) me it! cqaanintze weeye ask (sg) me it! qaanintze weeye

To this point you have learned the command form of the second person singular and plural with verbs that take indirect objects.

Cbimtze ju yool 'let's ask it'

IT. ( ) ( )

Change according to the example:

qaanmxe •* qqaanmx

qmaanx q'maanxe •*

qq'oonx q'oonxe •+

Cbiintze ju yool chiTye:

18. I ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuT 'go!' (sg).

ch

ex

362 Ju yool cxi7ye ntmaTn 'go!' (pi)

Cbiintze ex cmaantze:

19. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool tzaaje:

20. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuT 'come!' (sg)

Ju yool cxi7y_e_ ntmaTn 'go!' (pi).

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju yool ctzaaje tuj come! (pi) inglees:

Cbiintze ju yool 'vamos'

21. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool 'qoo'

22. ( ) ( )

Obviously qoo is irregular.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: chi7ye go! (sg) cxiTye go! (pi)

363 qoo let's go!

Cbiintze jluuT:

23. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'sleep!' (sg)

Cbiintze juun majtl:

2k. ( ) ( ) taane

le Cbiintze ju yool chiitaanqeye:

25. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'sleep!1 (pi).

Although chiitaanqeye has a qe_ post-posed, the qe is not a directional verb.

Compare:

26. A. ( ) cqaanmtze B. ( ) chiitaanqeye ask! (pi) Tii ntma7n ju A? sleep! (pi) Tn ntma7n ju B?

A (A/B) has a particle that means 'in this wr: direction' . le- C...e marks the second person plural command form in verbs that are followed by directional le! verbs. Otherwise the second person plural is

3^u marked by chii ...qeye.

Ku(b) is a directional verb meaning 'down'. Thus, when it is post-posed to the verb tz'iibin it means 'write it down'.

e.g. tz'iibinkuye - 'write it (sg) down!' ctz'iibinkuye - 'write it (pi) down!'

If ku is not attached, these are the forms:

tz'iibin - 'write!' (sg) chiitz'iibinqeye - 'write!' (pi)

Ju yool qotaan ntmaTn 'let's sleep!' Tii let's (inc) write ntmaTn ju yool qotz'iibin?

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool qotaan ex ju yool qotz'iibin:

27. ( ) ( ) qotaan ( ) ( ) qotz'iibin

Compare:

A. Chiitz'iibinqeye B. Ctz'iibinkuye C. Qotz'iibin D. Qtz'iibinku

Tii ntma7n ju

write! (pi) A:

write! (pi) it down!

let's write! al let's write it down!

363 P and f> (A and C/B and D) have post-positional direction- al verbs.

Verbs that have post-positional directional verbs take (chii...qeye/c ...e) in the second person plural command form.

Verbs that do no have post-positional directional verbs take(qo/q) in the first person plural com- mand form.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

'sleen!' (pi)

'write!' (sg)

' wri te it down'. ' (s f)

'write.1' (pi)

'write it down!' (pi)

'si nop! ' (pi.)

'let's sleep!'

' let':- vri.t.e! '

'let's write it down'

Here are the dialogs:

A. ;°.Va a ir Gon7.fi.lo a sombrar milpa? R. A saber si el va a ir. 1'regiintalc a el

^8. A. ( ) Mapnchi7 Gonsanlo awaal kjo7n? B. ( ) Ilaveer q.'i maehi 7 • Qaamnxe tee.

A. Preguntale a Gonzalo si quiere ir al pueblo con nosotros (exc).

3^ B. No quiere porque esta trabajando.

29. A. ( ) Qaaninxe tee Gonsaalo qa taj chi7 tu »rbs tnam quuk'ile. B. ( ) Mii taj tu7nju n7aq'naan. snal

Find out what the following expressions mean:

Nchiinpelootene NtiT tk'aa7 q'e7n

365 366 Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. qaaninxe (2) 23. taane (2)

2. qaaninxe (2) 2k. taane (2)

3. qaanintze (2) 25. chiitaanqeye (2)

k. cqaaninxe (2) 26. (a) cqaanintze (b) chiitaanqeye 5. cbiintze (2) 27. (a) qotaan (2) 6. kiintze (2) (b) qotz'iibin (2)

7. qaanintze weeye (2) 28. (a) mapechi7 Gonsaalo awaal kjo7n? 8. q'oonxe tee (2) (b) saveer qa machi7. qaaninxe tee. 9. q'oonxe tee (2) 29. (a) qaaninxe tee Gonsaalo qa 10. q'oonxe tee Danieel (2) taj chi7 tu tnam quuk'ile. (b) mii taj tu7nju n7aq'naan. 11. (a) q'oonxe tee (b) q'oonxe tee Danieel

12. (a) q'oonxe tee (b) q'oonxe tee Danieel

13. (a) q'oonxe tee (b) q'oonxe tee Danieel

Ik. cmaantze weeye (2)

15. cmaantze tee (2)

16. q'maantze weeye (2)

17. qqaaninx (2)

18. chi7ye (2)

19. cxi7ye (2)

20. tzaaje (2)

21. qoo (2)

22. qoo (2)

367 ct

368 Leccion Dieciocho

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Saveer qa machi7. Q.aaninxe tee. A saber si el va a ir. Pre- guntale a el.

cbiintze - cmaantze traduccion

nnxe tee. Preguntale a el (o a ella).

Qaaninxe cee. Preguntales a ellos (o a ellas).

Qaanintze weeye. Preguntame a mf.

0,'maantze weeye. Dime a ml.

Q'maanxe tee. Dfle a el.

Cmaantze. Digan.

Cmaantze qeeye. Digannos a nosotros (exc).

Cmaanxe tee Taat Waan. Diganle aTaat Waan.

Cqaaninxe teechin. Preguntenle a ella (a la muchacha)

Qaaninxe teexnaq. Preguntale a el (al hombre). sustituci6n

1. weeye Qaanintze weeye.

tee Qaaninxe tee.

qeeye Qaanintze qeeye.

369 cee nnxe cee.

2. cee Q'maanxe cee.

tee Q'maanxe tee.

qeeye Q'maantze qeeye.

weeye Q'maantze weeye. respuesta fija

Mii waje tuTn txiT Taat Paax. Entoonses q'maanxe tee.

Mii waje tuTn ttaane tzaluuT. Entoonses q'maantze weeye.

Mii waje tuTn cxi7 tu tnam. Entoonses q'maanxe cee.

Mii waje tuTn ctzaaje tzaluuT. Entoonses q'maantze qeeye.

Mii waje tuTn cpoone njaaye. Entoonses q'maantze qeeye.

Mii waje tu7n tuule tzaluuT. Entoonses q'maantze weeye.

Mii waje tu7n cwaaTn tu pensioon. Entoonses q'maanxe cee.

Mii waje tuTn tloon Taat Paax lobj Entoonses q'maanxe tee. seeda. integraci6n

Cqaaninxe tee Taat Waan . Cqaaninxe tee Taat qa mawaaTn Mawaa7n Taat Waan tu pensioon. tu pensioon.

Cqaaninxe tee nmaane. Cqaaninxe tee nmaane qa maloon Maloon nmaane lobj seeda. lobj seeda.

Cqaanintze weeye , Cqaanintze weeye qa machiinxe Machiinxe tjaa . tjaa.

Cqaanintze qeeye. Cqaanintze qeeye qa maqotaane Maqotaane tu pensioon , tu pensioon.

Cqaaninxe cee. Cqaaninxe cee qa ma baj nkoojone Mabaj nkoojone tuTn cwaakax , tu7n cwaakax.

Cqaanintze weeye. Cqaanintze weeye qa waje tu7n Waje tu7n nxijye pastooril waakx, nxi7ye pastooril waakx.

370 preguntas y mandates

1. Cb.i7ye twitz pisarroon.

2. Tzaaje tzaluuT.

3. Q'maantze weeye qa miiaa7 ba7n.

k. Qaanintze weeye tii tbii ju xjaal luuT.

5. Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool loTn wuTne.

6. Q'maantze qa sieempre nxi7ye tu tnam.

7. Qaanintze jnic1 oor nchiinpoone njaaye.

8. Qotaan.

9. Chiitz'iibinqeye.

10. Cqaanintze tii ntma7n ju yool q'ontze weeye.

11. Q'ontze tlaapise weeye.

12. Cq'oonx(e) claapise tee Marfa.

13. Danieel, q'maanxe cee ju yool liist qiine.

1^. Cqaanintze weeye tii ntma7n ju yool liist qiine.

modelo

Mapechi7 Gonsaalo awaal kjo7n? iVa a ir Gonzalo a sembrar milpa?

cambio

Nchiiwaa7ne. Chiiwaa7nqeye.

Nchii7aq'naane. Chii7aq'naanqeye.

Nwaa7ne Waa7ne.

Nqotaan. Qotaan.

N7aq'naane. Aq'naane.

371 Ntaane. Taane.

Alqo7aq'naan. OoTaq'naan.

Nohiitaane. Chiitaanqeye.

Hqowaa7n. 0owaa7n. traduceion

is estudiantes traduciran el e.iercicio de arriba. memonzacion

lapochiY uonsaalo awaal k.loTn? '.Va n. ir uon/.a.lo a r.emhra.1' milpa'.' L'aveer qa machiT. Qaaninxe tee. A saber si el va a ir. Pre- print ale a el.

actividad

Ttudiante A LoTnrit: tbii .iu x.iaal tuTne taT ciiii.7'. •tudiante B Mii7ni "ItiY lofn tbii wu7ne. studiante A Qaaninxe tee tii tbii. studiante B (hablando a C) Tii tbiiyo? -.tudiante C ,-inveertn n'tcf Iy*.

Ciclo 2 modelo

'ii ta.i tu7n.iu n7aq'naan. :Io quiere oorque er,tn. t.raba- .iando.

cbiit'it/.c - cmaantze

-,-p preguntas apropiadas

MTaq'naan . Tii nba tee?

MTaq 'naane . Tii nba weeye;

Mo it j .i uY'ui' na'u:-'. '!'ii nba. t.ecvn'.

Mchi i.'J-ia 'naan . Tii nba cee? naf<7aq' naane . m :. ' nba ceeve': traduce ion

taj tuTnju nTaq'naan. Mo quiere porque esta trabajando.

w-i.."]i! tuTn.iu nchi i.nt'.:'.' iibino , Mo ouiero porque entoy escri b:i end<-

taje tuTn.iu nsaqchaane. Mo quieres porque estas iugando.

f"i.;i tuTn.iu ncbiiwaaYr-.. Mo quieren porque estan comiendo.

iri.i tuTn.iu rwoi ' I:L'1 n'e'i'.'i. Mn nueremn:-: povqui; '".•r. t-i.rio •; toin.nd' ' V'UardiM'ntu .

conclusion logica

1. Mii taj waa7n. Mil taj waaTn tuTn.iu ntiT paan.

'lii taj k'aan. Mii taj k ' aan tuTn.'u nti'f aT .

•i i taj taan. ''i; i.a.i taan tuYniu ntiT pen- ••: ioon.

Mii taj yoolin. Mii taj yoolin tuTnju iiti.Y tuuk'il,

Mii taj aaqchaari. Mii taj saqchaar. tuTnju ntiT l:*i'i.mx>:j.

completamiento

Mii taj pelooten tuYn.iu w"'.i ta.l pelooten tuTnju nTaq'naan.

Mii taj waaTn tuTnju Mii taj waaTn tuTn.iu ntiT nTeel Mii taj aq'naan tu7nju Mii taj aq'naan tu7nju nti? paala.

Mii taj tz'iibin tu7nju Mii taj tz'iibin tuTnju nti7 laa- pis .

Mii taj k'aan tu7nju Mii taj k'aan tu7nju nti7 serveesa.

Mii taj biitzin tuTnju Mii taj biitzin tu7nju nti7 tk' aa7 a'e7n. modelo

linxe tee Gonsaalo qa taj chi7 Preguntale a Oonzalo si quiere tu tnam quuk'ile. ir al pueblo con nosotros (exc).

traduccidn estructural

Ud. •+ el Qaaninxe tee.

Ud. -> yo Qaanintze weeye.

Uds.->- ellos Cqaaninxe cee.

lids.- yo Cqaanintze weeye.

Uds .-> nosotros (exc) Cqaanintze qeeye.

Ud. -> ellos Qaaninxe cee.

Ud. •* nosotros Qaanintze qeeye.

Ud. •+ yo Qaanintze weeye.

Uds.-> yo Cqaanintze weeye.

Ud. •* nosotros (exc) Qaanintze qeeye.

integracion

Taj chi7 tu tnam. Taj chi7 waa71 tu tnam. Taj waa7n tu tnam,

Taj chi7 Choljuub. Taj chi7 tu kamioneeta Choljuub. Taj chi7 tu kamioneeta.

37 h Taj chi? tu kaampo • Taj chi7 pelootel tu kaampo. Taj pelooten tu kaampo.

Taj chi'f tu kantuna Taj chi7 k'aal q'e7n tu kantuna. Taj k'aan q'e7n .

Taj chi7 quuk'ile, Taj chi7 k'aal q'e7n quuk'ile tu Nk'aan q'e7n tu tnam. tnam.

Taj chi7 quuk'ile. Taj chi7 ju71il kjo7n quuk'ile. Nju71in kjo7n.

Taj chi7 quuk'il. Taj chi7 waa71 quuk'il tu kome- Nwaa7n tu komedoor . door .

sustituci6n

Qaaninxe tee.

cee Qaaninxe cee.

qeeye Qaanintze qeeye.

weeye Qaanmtze weeve. memorizaci6n

A. Qaaninxe tee Gonsaalo qa taj Preguntale a Gonzalo si chi7 tu tnam quuk'ile. quiere ir al pueblo con nosotros (exc) . B. Mii taj tu7nju n7aq'naan. No quiere porque esta tra- bajando.

actividad

Estudiante A Tz'iibine / Waa7ne Estudiante B Nchiintz'iibine / Nchiinwaa7ne Estudiante C Chiitz'iibinqeye / Chiiwaa7nqeye Estudiante D Nqotz'iibine / Nqowaa7ne Estudiante E Qotz'iibin / Qowaa7n

375 mandatos

Q'maanxe tee Mariia qa nti7 lo7n tbii ju xjaal tu7n ta7 chii7. Qaaninxe tii tbii ju xjaal ta7 chii , ex q'maanxe tee Mariia.

Cbiintze ju yool ba7n ex cmaantze weeye.

Qaanintze weeye qa machiinxe tu tnam.

Q.aaninxe tee Danieel qa sieempre nxi7 tjaa Mariia. As Q'maanxe tee Mariia qa sieempre nxi7 Danieel tjaachin. As Cmaantze weeye ju yool liist qo7ye.

Cqaanintze weeye tii ntma7n ju yool liist qo7ye.

Qaaninxe tee Danieel tii ntma7n ju yool ntzqi7ne5ex qa nti7 ojtzqi7n tu7nj qaanitze weeye.

Qmaanx ju yool saveer tee Taat Waan.

Qotaan. dialogos extras

A. Qaanintze weeye qa lo7n twitz Preguntame a mi si lo conoz- wu7ne. co. B. Lo7pe twitz tu7ne? iLo conoces?

Xi A. Q'maanxe cee kee richii7aq'naane. Diles que Uds. estan traba- j ando. B. Nqo7aq'naane. Estamos (exc) trabajando.

A. Qaaninxe cee qa lo7n twitze cu7n. Preguntales a ellos si te conocen a ti. B. Lo7npe nwitze cu7ne? iMe conocen a mf?

376 •c.T.r.on il uieteen

PREPARATION STAGi-

Cbimtze in yool aaanintzo weeye

1. ( ) ( )

Ask (eg) mo! Tii ntrnaTn j.luu'7?

Ask (sg) him! Tii ntmaTn ju yool qaaninxe tee?

Cbiintze jiuu7:

?. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn .j.luuY 'you asked him yesterday'.

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool xi7tqaa7nine tee eew:

3. ( ) ( )

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'you asked him yesterday' Xi7tqaa7nine tee eew

Compare:

A. Qaaninxe tee - ask him B. Xi7tqaa7nine tee eew - you asked him yes- terday yesterday Tii ntmaTn ju yool eew tuj inglees?

TH Cbiintze:

k. ( ) ( ) TzaajtqaaTnine veeye eew.

NtmaTn jluu7 'you asked me yesterday'

Compare:

A. Qaanintze weeye - ask me! B. Tzaajtqaa7nine weeye eew - you asked me yesterday

A'. Qaaninx_e tee - ask him B'. XiTtqaaTnine tee - you asked him

In A and in B the underlined portion indicates this 'in (this/that) direction'.

In A' and in B' the underlined portion indi- that cates 'in (this/that) direction'. follow In the command form, the x and tz (follow/ precede) the verb.

However, in the declarative statement xi7_ and tzaaj precede the verb. this Both tz_ and tzaaj mean 'in (this/that) direction' that while xiT and x mean 'in (this/that) direction'.

Cbiintze jluuT:

5. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT 'I asked him yesterday'

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool xi7nqaa7nine tee eew: ( ) ( )

37 B Compare:

A. XiTt_qaa7nine_ tee eew - you asked him yes- terday B. XiTn_qaa7mne_ tee eew - I asked him yester- day

Notice that the underlined nronouns are of Set (I/IT).

Ju yool xi7nqaa7nine tee eew ntma7n 'I asked him yesterday'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maain 'we (exc) asked him xi7qqaa7nine tee eew yesterday':

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam 'they asked him yester- xiTcqaaTnin tee eew day :

Ju yool tzaajtqaa7nme weeye eew ntma7n 'you asked me yesterday'.

You asked us yesterday Tii ntma7n tzaa.itqaa7nine qeeye eew?

Cbiintze ju yool tzaajtk'aa7yin(e)* tcheeje weeye eew:

7. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'you sold me your horse yesterday'

*the e often drops off in nronunciation

Ju yool tzaajtk'aa7yine tcheeje weeye eew ntma7n 'you sold me your horse yesterday'. Tii ntma7n ju yool tzaajtk'aa7yine tcheeje you sold us (exc) your qeeye eew? horse yesterday 370 Cbiintze ju yool xi7tk'aa7yin(e) tcheeje tee eew: «. ( ) ( )

MtmaTn jluu7 'you sold him your horse yesterday'.

Cbiintze ,iluu7:

o. ( ) ( ) Tzaajtqaa7nin Dieego weeye eew.

Ntma7n jluu7 'Diego asked me vesterday'.

ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'Diego asked us (inc] Tzaajtqaa7nin Dieego yesterday' tuj maam: weeve eew

Ju yool tzaajtqaa7nin Dieego weeye eew ntma7n 'Diego asked me yesterday'.

Tzaajtkaa7yin Dieego Tii ntma7n 'Diego sold his horse to me yester- tcheej weeye eew day ' tuj maam?

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: 'Diego sold his horse Xi7tkaa7yin Dieego to you yesterday': tcheej teeye eew

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: 'Diego sold his horse Xi7tkaa7yin Dieego to them yesterday': tcheej cee eew

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: 'Diego sold his horse to Xi7tk'aa7yin Dieego us yesterday': tcheej qeeye eew

Cbiintze:

10. A. ( ) Matzaajtk'aa7yin Dieego tcheej weeye maac'. B, ( ,* Tzaaj tk ' aaTym Dieego tehee.} weeye eev/.

ritmaYn ,iu A 'Diego sola his horse to me today'. NtmaTn ,ju B 'Diego sold his horse to me yester- day. today 'I'll ntrnaV'n in yool rnaac '' yesterday Tii ntma.7n ju yool eev?

Notice that if maac' is used, indicating past time of today, (ma/i) is placed before the verb.

Cbiintze:

11. A. ( ) Xijtk' aa7yin Dieego tchee.i tee eev. B. ( ) Machi7tkaa7yin Dieego tcheej tee maac'.

TItma7n ,ju A. 'Diego sold his horse to him yes- terday. Ntma7n /ju B 'Diego sold his horse to him today'

Note two things:

1. If maac' is used ma must precede the verb. 2. If ma precedes xi7 the x changes to ch.

Here are some exercises using past time of yesterday (eev) as opposed to past time of to- day (maac').

Follow the example:

Xi7nk'aa7yine nchee.je eev. Maachi7nk 'aa7yine ncheeje maac'.

Xi7tk'aa7yin Taat Cheep tcheej tee Danieel eev. Machi7tk'aa7yin Taat Cheep tchee.i tee Danieel maac'. Tzaajtk'aa7yiri ."laan Liina txbaalun qee eew. Matzaajtk'aa7yin Naan Liina txbaalun qee maac' .

381 Xi?nk ' naTyine ncheeje teeye eew. Mnchi7nk 'aayine ncheeje teeye maac'.

Ju yool tzaajtk'aa7yin(e) teheeje tee eew ntmaTn 'you sold your horse to him yesterday'

You sold your horse Tii ntmaTn ju yool xiTtk'aaTyin(e) tcheeje to them yesterday. cee eew?

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

You sold your horse to me yesterday. Tzaajtk'aaTyin(e) tchee.ie weeye eew.

You sold your horse to us (exc) yesterday. Tzaajtk'aa7yin(e) tcheeje aeeve eew.

You sold your horse to him yesterday. XiTtk'aa7yin(e) tcheeje tee eew.

You sold your horse to them yesterday. Xi7tkaa7yin(e) tchee.ie cee eew.

You sold it to me yesterday. Tzaajtk'aa7yine weeye eew. You sold it to them yesterday. Xi7tk'aa7yine cee eew.

You sold your horse to me today. Mat zaaj tk'aa7yin(e) tcheeje weeye maac'. You asked me today. Matzaajtqaa7nine weeye maac'.

You asked them today. Machi7tqaa7nine cee maac'.

352 1 !' both the verb and the direct object have a pronoun frame, the e of the verbal nronoun r 'Yam is not r^ronouncOJ] , ':'h.i.s is indicated liv putting parenthesis around the e of the verb.

Here are the dialogs:

A. iMe diste tu dinero a mi aver? oi ,

12. A. ( ) Tzaajtq.'o7n(e) tpuaaae weeye eew? B. ( ) Ooi (Used in referring to'past time before today, for yes-no questions)

A. iTe presente mi amiga ayer? To, presentamela ahora.

13. A. ( J Xi7nyek'in(e) wamiiweye teeye eew? B. ( ) ?Iti7i Yek'intzchine weeye .iaTlo.

Find out what the following mean:

x/jeel tza7n ta7ya ba7n tiine sookbil tu7n tteen ncheeje

In the lessons hereafter, if both the verb and the direct object are framed by pronouns, the e_ of the verbal pronoun frames will be shown in parenthesis in the 'modelos', but will be dropped in the exercises. This is to show that the e_ of the verbal pronoun frame is not articulated in speech when it is followed by a framed direct object.

E.g. (modelo) xi7nyek'in(e) wamiiweye (exercise) xi7nyek'm wamiiweye

383 38U Manual de± Instructor

KTAPA RE PRKPARACION

1. qaanintze weeye (2)

2. xiTtqaaTnine tee eew (2)

3. xiTtqaaTnine tee eew (2)

h. tzaajtqaaTnine weeye eew (2)

5. xiTnqaaTnine tee eew (2)

6. xiTnqaaTnine tee eew (2)

T. tzaa.itk'aaTyin(e) tcheeje weeye eew (2)

8. xiTtk'aaTyin(e) teheeje tee eew (2)

9. tzaajtqaaTnin Dieego weeye eew (2)

10. (a) matzaajtk'aaTyin Dieego tchee.i weeye maac' (b) tzaajtk'aaTyin Dieego tchee.i weeye eew

11. (a) xiTtk'aaTyin Dieego tcheej tee eew (b) machiTtkaaTyin Dieego tcheej tee maac'

12. (a) tzaajtq'oTn(e) tpuaaqe weeye eew? (b) ooi 13. (a) xiTnyek'in(e) wamiiweye teeye eew? (b) ntiTi yek'intzchine weeye jaTlo .

385 1; W

q.

2. w

386 Leccion Riecinueve

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1

modelo

Ooi :i.

cbiintze - cmaantze

modelo

Tzaajtq'o7n(e) tpuaaqe weeye eew? iMe diste tu dinero a mi ayer?

cbiintze - cmaantze

sustitucion

1; weeye Tzaajtq'o7n tpuaaqe weeye?

qeeye Tzaajtq'o7n tpuaaqe qeeye?

tee Xi7tq'o7n tpuaaqe tee?

cee Xi7tq'o7n tpuaaqe cee?

2. weeye Tzaajcq'o7ne weeye?

cee Xi7cq'o7ne cee?

qeeye Tzaajcq'o7ne qeeye?

weeye Tzaajcq'o7ne weeye?

tee Xi7cq'o7ne tee?

cee Xi7cq'o7ne cee?

387 I'zaaj eq'o7ne qeeye?

expansion

Q'oonxe juun laapis. Q'oonxe juun laapis tee.

Qaaninxe juun xjeel. Qaaninxe juun xjeel tee.

K'aayinx teheeje. K'aayinx teheeje tee.

Biitzinxe juun biitz. Biitzinxe juun biitz tee.

T :••,' i i b i n x e j uun k aar t. Tr.' iibinxc juun kaart tee. pregunta fija (Se precisa hacer este ejercicio individualmente)

1. At nlaapise 0.'oontze weeye.

At ncheeje. K'aayintze weeye.

At nxjeele. Qaanintze weeye.

At juun sookbil. Q'maantze weeye.

:\ Mapetzaajtq'o7n tlaapise weeye? Matzaajtq'o7ne weeye?

Mapetzaajtma7ne> ju yool tza7n Matzaajtma7ne weeye? ta7ye weeye?

Mapetzaajtqaa7nine juun xjeel weeye? Matzaajtqaa7nihe weeye?

Mapetzaajtk'aa7yin tcheeje weeye? Matzaajtk'aa7yine weeye?

Mapetzaajtbiitzine juun biitz weeye? Matzaajtbiitzine weeye? memorizacion

Tzaajtq'o7n(e) tpuaaqe weeye eew? iMe diste tu dinero a mi aver? Ooi

•^qq actividad

Maestro: Q'maantze tee Danieel tzaTn ta7ye.

Estudiante: TzaTn taTye?

Maestro: Oaanintze weeye tii ntmaTn ju yool tza7n ta7ye.

Estudiante: Tii ntma7n ju yool tza7n ta7ye?

Maestro: Ju yool tza7n ta7ye ntma7n '6como estas?'.

Se continuara usando nuevas palabras, por ejemplo, ba7n tiine, ba7n ta7 ba7n_to7_, ba7n to7ye, ba7n teT , ba7n te7ye.

comprension

Waje tu7n tuul nchmaane qjaaye, peero tzaa,}tma7n nmaane weeye qa mii taj nchmaane tu7n tuul tzaluu7 tu7nju leeq'ch ta7 tjaa.

respuesta apropiada-

1. Tii waje?

2. Tiitqal xi7tma7n nmaane weeye?

3. Tajpe nchmaane tu7n tuul tzaluu7?

k. Tiiqu7n mil taj nchmaane tu7n tuul njaaye?

5. 0jtzqi7n cu7ne tii taj nchmaane?

actividad

1. Arreglense en grupos de tres o ma's para pedir cosas segun el modelo siguiente:

A. Q'maanxe tee tu7n ttzaajtq'o7n (tlaapis) weeye. B. Q'oonx (tlaapise) tee Taat (nombre). C. Sieempre nxi7nq'o7n (nlaapise) tee.

389 Ciclo 2 modelo

Nti7i Yek'intzchine weeye jaTlo. No, presentamela ahora.

cbimtze - cmaantze

sustitucion weeye Yek'intzchine weeye.

tee Lux Mnaal Yek'inxchine tee Liix Mnaal.

Qeeye Yek'intzchine qeeye. teeq 'a Yek'inxchine teeq'a.

ceeq'a Yek'inxchine ceeq'a. weeye Yek'intzchine weeye.

teechin Yek'inxchine teechin.

aeeye Yek'intzchine qeeye.

comentario guiado

1. Waje tuTn txi7nyek'in nmaane teeye. Yek'intze weeye.

Waje tu7n txiTnyek'in nmaane ceeye. Yek'intze qeeye.

Waje tu7n txiTnyek'in nmaane tee Yek'mxe tee. Taat Waan.

Waje tu7n txi7nyek'm nmaane cee. Yek'mxe cee.

Waje tu7n txi7nyek'm nmaane tee Yek'inxe tee. tmaane,

2. Waje tuTn txi7nqo7ne tee. Qoonxe tee.

Waje tu7n txi7nqaa7nine tee. Qaaninxe tee.

390 Waje tu'7n txi7nbntzme tee. Butzmxe tee

Waje tufn txi7nma7ne tee. O'maanxe tee. modelo

XiTnysk ' in (e ) vamiiweye teeye l.'Ve presente mi amiga ayer? eew?

cbiintze - cmaantze traduccidn

1. Xi7tyek'in tamiiweye tee Taat Waan iPresentaste tu amigo a Taat Waan eew? ayer?

Xi7nyek'in wamiiweye tee ntzice? iPresente mi amigo a mi hermano mayor?

Xi7cye"k'in camiiweye tee ajkaal? iPresentaron sus amigos al alcalde?

Xi7qyek'in qamiiwe tee qchuu7? iPresentamos nuestro amigo a nuestra mam&?

Xi7tyek'in tamiiwe tee tyaa7? iPresento el su amigo a su abuela?

2. Machi7nyek'ine maac' tee priim. Lo presente hoy por la mafiana.

Machi7tyek'ine maac' tee priim. Lo presentaste hoy por la mafiana.

Machi7tyek'in maac' tee priim. Lo presento hoy por la mafiana.

Machi7qye"k'in maac' tee priim. Lo presentamos hoy por la mafiana. transformacion

1. Machi7nk'aa7yine maac'., Xi7nk'aa7yine eew.

Machi7tk'aa7yine maac1, Xi7tk'aa7yine eew.

Machi7tk'aa7yin maac'. Xi7tk'aa7yin eew.

Machi7qk'aa7yin maac1. Xi7qk'aa7yin eew.

Machi7q.k'aa7yine maac' Xi7qk'aa7yine eew.

391 Machi7ok' aa'f'yme maac' . Xi7ck'aa7yine eew.

Machi7ck'nn'Tyin nnac ' . XiYck ' aa'i'yin eow.

Xi7qk'aa7yine eew tee priim. Machi7qk'aa7yine maac' tee priim.

Xi7tk'aa7yin eew tee qaa7le. Maehi7tk'a.aYyin maac' tee qaaYle.

Xi7nqaa7nine eew tee priim. Machi'("nqaa7nine maac' tee priim.

Xi7cma7ne eew tee qaa71e. Machi'|'cma7ne maac1 tee qa.a71.e. i.nte,";raci6ti

Mawaa7n ,ju xjaal njanye. .hi xjaal xi7nq'o7n ncheeje tee Xi7nq'o'|'n ncheeje tee xjaal. mawna'i'n njaaye.

Mawaa7n ju xjaal tn komedoor. Ju xjaal xi7nbiitzine juun kansioon Xi7nbiitr.ine ,1uun kansioon tee tee mawaatn tu komedoor. ju xjaal.

Mawaa7n ju xjaal tu komedoor. .hi xjaal xi7ny£k'in nmaane tee Xi7nyek'in nmaane tee ju xjaal. mawaaYn tu komedoor.

Mawaa7n ju x.laa.l tu komedoor. .hi x.iaal xifnqaa7nine ,1mm xjeel Xi7nqaa7nine juun xjeel tee ju tee mawantn tu komedoor. xjaal.

Mawaa7n ju xjaal tu komedoor. Ju xjaal Jxi'i"nma7ne ju aaxtook tee Xi7nma7ne ju aaxtook tee ,iu xjaal. mawaa7n tu komedoor.

Mawaa7n ju xjaal tu komedoor. Ju xjaal xi7nk'aa7yin nclieeje tee Xi7nk'an7yin ncheeje tee ju xjaal, mawaa7n tu komedoor.

integraci6n

1. Mapechi7tq'o7n teheeje maac' tee Mapechi7tq'o7n tcheeje maac' tee priim? priim exqa xi7tq'o7ne eew? Xi7tq'o7n tcheeje eew?

2. Mapechi7tq'o7n tpuaaqe maac' tee Mapechi7tq'o7n tpuaaqe maac1 tee priim? priim exqa xi7tq'o7ne eew? Xi7tq'o7n tpuaaqe eew?

5. Mapetzaajtq'o7n tlaapise weeye Mapetzaajtq'o7n tlaapise weeye maac' tee priim? maac' tee priim exqa tzaajtq'o7ne 'IV.aajtq' o7n tlaapise weeye eew? eew? I|. Mapet zaajcq'oYne uY,1 qeeyo maac ' Mapety.aajcq'oYne uYj qeeye maac ' tee priim" tee priim oxqa tzarijeq'oYne eew':' Ty.aajcq'oYne uYJ qeeyo eew?

S. Mapechi7qq'o7ne laanch teeye maae MapechiYqq'oYne laanch teeye tee priim? maac' tee priim exqa xiYqq'oYne XiTqq'oTne laanch teeye eew; memorizacidn

A. Xi7nyek'in(e) wamiiweye teeye i.'Ve presente mi arnica ayer? eew? B. NtiY- Yek'intzchine weeye jaYlo. No, presentamela ahora.

actividad

1. Kstudiante A: Q'maanxe tee Naan Liina tuYn xi7tqo7n tlaapis tee Danieel Kstudiante B: Naan Liina, q'oonx tlaapise tee Danieel. f. Kstudiante A: Q'maanxe tee Naan Liina tuYn txiYtq'oTn tlaapis tee Danieel. Kstudiante B: Naan Liina, q'oonx tlaapise tee Danieel.

KTC.

conrorensidn

XiTnq'oTn ncheeje tee nmaane. Mii taj nmaane tuTn tteen ncheeje tu7n,1u sieempre nchiinxe tu tnam.

pregunta apropiada

1. A17ee xi7nq'o7n ncheeje?

2. Tiiqu7n mii taj nmaane tu7n tteen ncheeje?

3. Jatumel sieempre nchiinxe?

h. At ncheeje ja71o?

3^3 ae t i.vidad

-tudiante A: Ln'f'npe twitz nmaane tuY'ie? itudianto I',: Mi. i.Yni Yek ' int .-.xn.aqe veeyc.

;tue tvit", nebuuYyp tuYneV rtud i :i.n t.t> !•'.: rli i.Yni Yek ' int'.'.xuj'' vreoye.

li.a logos extras

Alcee maaa hn.Yn: t.u'f'n e.aq'naan iCurtl. ea inejor: aue la ;:ente x.i-ial twit.r, eeh'oooh' -xna mans trabajen en su Bropi.o terreno bnYn tu (n ekuYx x.inal an'naal ii es mejor aue la potite bajen tu n i i ni'.'iV a traba.iar en In. I'incaV "rins bnYn tuYn caa'naa:i twit,:'. !•!:; mejor aue trabajen en su propio terreno.

A. Vi 'I't.n 'O'I'U (e) tnuaaqe tee Taat ;.Pinte tu dinero a Taat Warm Warm eevV ayerV •*. "Iti'i'i i eero nachi.Yna 'oTne maac' No, poro se lo di hoy por la tee nr i. i m . manana.

YtaaaYnine t.ee tmarine t.r.Yn 'rebuilt ;is t.e ;>. tu nara si niied* i'l'vf lu ':•'.aampo vuuk' i I.eV > .,j ,..,,..,„, (v.-ui'i! • ••'.' 'i '•' i YnnaaVn i no tee nmaane ". le m-e;Uinto -\ mi P.-IP''

Y LYtmriYne t.ee tku'iaYle tuY'n txiY .'.nijiste a tu hiio que t'ueva tu •! i i nk-i'.' a 1 a l'incn'.' n!! i'f. Maas haYn tuYn txi.Y aq'naal No, es mejor que vava a tra- i laa tc'itmnn. bajar en la casa de su ahuelo.

T'.-.aa.i toaaYnme neeye tuYn ttsaaje iNos preguntaste para que tu nkantoone" vinieras a nuestro canton" "'ItiYI 1'eero xiY nqaaYnine tee No, pero pregunte al alcalde ajkaal tu tnam ex tzaaj tmaYn en el pueblo, y me dijo que weeye tuYn ntr.aaje tr.aluuY. yo viniera aqui. Lesson Twenty

PREPARATION STACK

Cbiintze ,iu yool q_|_oonxe juun laapis tee:

1. ( ) ( )

Give (sg) a pencil Tii ntma7n jluu7? to him (or her).

Cbiintze ju yool 'don't give him a pencil':

2. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool mii7n chi7tq'o7ne juun laapis tee:

3. ( ) ( )

Note that a glottal stop (7) appears in the q'o7n of chi7tq'o7ne that does not appear in q'oonxe. You will learn more about these glot- tal stops ?.n later lessons.

Change according to the example:

1. q'oonxe juun laapis tee mii7n chi7tq'o7ne juun laapis tee.

2. qaaninxe juun xjeel tee mii7n chi7tqaa7nine qaa7nin juun xjeel tee 3. k'aayinxe juun cheej tee mii7n chi7tk'aa7yine k'aa7yin juun cheej tee

305 lu i-t:\ uixe .'miiii k.-uif, i.onn t •mi fa elti (t,b1 i i:une ,iuun hi U :'.Hi k:ms l eon l ec I.'.',' i i.b i.nxe ,inun k.aart. tee mi i 7n chi ft.?,' i ihine juun t.:',' i l.bi n _ kaart tee

.In yool. k ' aaymt'.'.e ,)uun I a,apis we eye nbmaYn ' sol I a pone 1.1 to me ' .

.In yool mil. Tn t.'.aaj t,k ' a.aTyi ne juun laapis weeye ntmaYn 'don't, sell a pencil t.o me'.

I'b i.uit :-,e:

'.. ( j ( ;

'hange the I'ollov.'uir t.o t.he negative:

q eni.,e .luun Ia.,i.r>i .;-, weeye mi i i'n t. .,aa.i t.o 'o (ne qJ_o7 . _ juun 1 aatu :. weeye o'oonxe .iiurn laapis fee mi i In ehi'fl.n ' o fne q'o T ,uiun laapis cee cq'ont:'.e juun laapis weeye m I I 7n t. r.aaj cq' oTne q'o'T juun Laauis weeye qq'oonx juun laapis tee IIILI'I'II chi7qq'o7n a ' o7 .iviun laaois ree

Clmntze ,iu yool:

A. ( ) taane i.-'. (, } qota.in ('. ( ) chiitaanoeye

<"Xz' t ilnnkuye tuj inglees tii ntmaTn ju Leer! (st let's sleep! sleep! (pi)

Cbiintze jl.uuY:

Ci. A. ( ) miiYn taane 13. ( ) inLiYn noLaati 0. ( ) miiYn chiitaane

NtmaYn ju A 'don't sleep! (sg) NtmaYn ju B 'let's not nleepj', NtmaYn ju C 'don't sleep! (pi)

Compare:

taane miiYn taane qotaan miiYn qotaan chiitaanqeye miiYn chiitaane

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam: tz'iibinkuye Write(sg) it down! tz'iibine Write (sg) it! miiYn kuttz'iibine Don't write (sg) it down! miiYn tz'iibine Don't write (sg) it! q'ontze ju laapis Give (sg) the pencil to me! weeye miiYn tzaajtq'oYne ju Don't give (sg) the pencil to me! laapis weeye ^^^^^^^^^^^

39Y ''t.z ' i Lbinkuyo ui,| nianin: t//.a'i,]f

cono '. (pi )

•inM •">! (-)

•M (p.l.)

('"!:<• I'.il Lnwnv •,|.ov.O

( ) ( ) mi. i.'l'n t:-,-:a' ( ) ( ) mi i'l'n i-iii. ! I (Ml v"; lYn c'li'r-. ( ) ( ) ,niiY„ ,.i'.,-Y> ( ) ( Mi ,Yu n..Yr.

• ' 111 :•.!' MI

1 ( 1

"ItmaYn .i I uuY 'Vinn von so .

iixiYv'' ntin'i.'i'n 'when l fro,

•>'• nxiY''

Wi-n I W. ';. i nt.mn.Yu .iu A'.'

'i.i Mt.m'iYii .lu UV 't.:'.' i ib i nkuvo f,uj maam: ok qx i'(' When wo ( ino ) ,";o ... _ ok cxi'fye Mien you (pi.) r.o. . . dk ctzaa.i When t.li.'V I'I ime:. . . ok tvool.inr When you [.••'' r.poak... ok nxi7ye When [ go... ok cnoon When they ."ot there (• rrive),

ilu yool q' i i n t7,0 I, v.n. I i.ui'f ntmaYn 'tiring (sp) it lie re ! ' .

Cbiitit'.'.t <). ( ) ( )

Cbiintze ju yool ciiYntze tzatuuY:

10. ( ) ( )

NtmaYn .i.luuY 'brinp; (pi) it here!'

Cbiintr.e ju yool q'iinxe machiiY:

11. ( ) ( )

NtmaYn jluuY 'take (sg) it over there!

Note that this verb is somewhat irregular:

q'iinxe - take (sg) it I ciiYnxe - take (pi) it! I MIX'.' IM'U'll 1 1 ['

IM-MK (:,- I I t. >1, 1 l.llt.'.',.' I.•.•..•! I 1 111

'"•i.k<• \ni ) it, uv> i i I n.Xi' m-i Ul.'ro! Mr i ni' 011 ) i I. 'u

i'b i i.nt -.-.I': U'o 1 umn A . i n f ho no;; i 1. I vo ooii in.'iiui form vhi I .' i'o i in H l ;-. i n t ho nrimt. l vi .•omm.m.l form )

( » u' inxo i •) mi 111 chi "t.i 'I'm; ( MM f'nxo ( ) mi in ohi V.i. .'I'm' i J 0 1. Mix ( ! mi Ml .Mu fm in i .) a' i.nL/.,' 1 ) mi I'M t, .•„••! i,i t i in

I'nt •.-,,- ( 1 .". Mi t.-.-.M. i,i.' i'1'n

C'l.-iiii'o t.o I !i.' iiofT.:il i.vo:

l . (.' i l 'i'nt..'..'

nx.

1 1 Ml . Ill j 11 1 1 ' 11

l 'Ml t •.•:i:i.i t 1 1 (ii- .;•' i i nt

ins-, hu.o t.he iiliovc

siko ^ :•..•". 'lit hot'.

,.H ' :'. t.ako 1 1 I Here is the dialog:

A. Cuando vienes aqui, trae tu dinero y <>ntre- p;alo a Taat Waan. B. No tengo dinero para dar a Taat Waan.

13. A. ( ) Ok ttzaaje tzaluu'f, q'iintzi tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe Leo Taat Waan. B. ( ) Nbi.Y npuaaqe tuTn txi7nq'o7ne tee Taat Waan.

Kind out what tuuYmel and nchiintzeene mean.

Uoi 9

10

11

12

13 Manual del Instructor

i'TTAPA DE PREPARACION

1. q'oonxe juun laapis tee (2)

2. miiTn chiTtq'oTne juun laapis tee (P)

3. miiTn chiTtq'oTne juun laapis tee {?.)

k. miiTn tzaajtk'aaTyine juun laapis weeye

5. (a) taane (b) qptaan (c) chiitaanqeye 6. (a) miiTn taane (t>) miiTn qotaan (c) miiTn chiitaane 7. (a) mii7n tzaaje (2) (b) miiTn chiitzaaje (2) (c) mii7n chiTye (2) (d) mii7n che7xe (2) (e) mii7n qo7x

ok txi7ye (2)

q'iintze tzaluu7 (2)

cii7ntze tzaluu7 (2)

q'iinxe machii7 (2)

(al) q'iinxe (bl) miiTn chiTtiiTne (a2) ciiTnxe (b2) miiTn chiTciiTne (a3) qiiTnx (b3) miiTn chiTqiiTn {&k) q'iintze (~bk) miiTn tzaajtiiTne (a5) ciiTntze (b5) miiTn tzaajciiTne 13. (a) ok ttzaaje tzaluuT, q'iintz tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee Taat Waan. (b) ntiT npuaaqe tuTn txiTnq'oTne tee Taat Waan

U03 UoU Leccidn Veinte

'2TAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Nti7 npuaaqe tuTn txi7nq'o7ne tee No tengo dinero para dar a Taat Waan. Taat Waan.

cbiintze - cmaantze sustitucidn estructural npuaaqe Nti7 npuaaqe tu7n txi7nq'o7ne teeye. ncheeje Nti7 ncheeje tu7n txi7nq'o7ne teeye. qcheeje Nti7 qcheeje tu7n txi7qq'o7ne teeye. tee Nti7 qcheeje tu7n txi7qq'o7ne tee. cwaaye Nti7 cwaaye tu7n txi7cq'o7ne tee. weeye Nti7 cwaaye tu7n ttzaajcq'o7ne weeyo.

qeeye Nti7 cwaaye tu7n ttzaajcq'o7ne qeeye.

cpuaaqe Nti7 cpuaaqe tu7n ttzaajcq'o7ne qeeye.

tcheeje Nti7 tcheeje tu7n tzaajtq'o7ne qeeye.

tee Nti7 tcheeje tu7n tzaajtq'o7ne tee.

Nti7 tmeese tu7n txi7tq'o7ne tee.

U05 comentario fijc fIti7 blitz tu (n (.cantar) tee Taat 'Iti? biitz tu7n txi7nbiitzme tee Waan - Taat. V'aan.

Hti7 npuaaqe tu'jTi (dar) tee Mti7 npuaaqe tuYn txi7nq'o7ne tee Taat Waan. Taat Waan.

NtiT nxjeele tu7n (preguntar) ten '1ti7 nxjeele tu7n txi7nqaa7nine Taat Waan. tee Taat Waan.

NtiT wamiiweye (presentar) tee Nti7 wamiiweye tu7n txi7nyek'ine Taat Waan. tee Taat Waan. cambio

Nti7 ncheeje. At ncheeje tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam.

Nti7 avioon. At avioon tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam.

Nti7 kamioneet. At kamioneet tu?n nxijye tu tnam.

Nti7 nkaarroye. At nkaarroye tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam.

NtiT tuu7mel. At tuu7mel tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam. modelo

Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'nntz(e) Cuando vienes aqui, trae tu tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee Taat Waan. dmero y entregalo a Taat Waan.

cbiintze - cmaantze cambio

1. q'untze mn7n tzaajtii7ne

q' nnxe mii7n chi7tii7ne

cii7nxe mii7n chi7cii7ne

qii7nx miiYn chi7qn7n

U06 cii7ntz mii7n tzaajciiTne

2. q'oonxe mii7n chitq'o7ne

q'ontze mii7n tzaajtq'o7ne

cq'oonxe mii7n chicq'o7ne

qq' oonx mii7n chi7qq'o7n sustitucion estructural tzaluu7 Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee. chii7 Ok txi7ye chii7, q'iinx tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee. chii7 Ok txi7ye chii7, q'iinx' tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee. tzaluu7 Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee. weeye Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz tpuaaqe ex q'ontze weeye. tee Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee. npuaaqe Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz npuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee.

qeeye Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz npuaaqe ex q'ontze qeeye.

tee Taat Waan Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz npuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee Taat tfaan.

integracio'n

Q'iintze ju puaq. Q'iintze ju puaq aju xi7nq'o7ne Xi7nq'o7ne puaq teeye- teeye.

Q'maantze ju yool . Q'maantze ju yool aju xi7nraa7ne Xi7nma7ne ju yool teeye teeye.

U07 Bi.itzinxe jiu kansioon., Biitzinxe ju kansioon aju xi7n~ >Ci.7nMi ntzine ,iu kansioon teeye.. biitzine teeye.

Q' iinxe ju puaq .. Q'iinxe ju puaq aju xi7tq'o7n' Xi7tq'o7n Taat Cheet) ju nuaq teeye Taat Cheep teeye.

(,'maanxe tee Taat Cheep ju yool. Cinaanxe tee Taat Cheep ju yool aju Xi7qma7ne ju yool ceeye . xi7q.ma7ne ceeye. traducei6n

Ok txi7ye chii7, q'iinx tpuaaqe. Cuando vas alia, lleva tu dinero.

Ok tnoon tu tnam, q'maanxe jluu7 tee Cuando llegas all£, di esto a mi nmaane. padre.

Oktuule tzaluu7, q'oontz - tcheeje Cuando llegas aqui, dame tu ca- weeve. ballo. Ok ctzaaje tr,aluu7, chiiyooline tuuk'il Cuando vienen aqui, hablen con nmaane. mi papa.

Ok cuule n.iaa.ve chii7aq'naane tuuk'il Cuando llegan a mi casa, trabajen ntzice. con mi hermano(a) mayor. cambio

Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7 q'iintz tpuaaqe. Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, mii7n tzaaj-' tii7n tpuaaqe.

Ok ctzaaje tzaluu7 cii7ntz cpuaaqe. Ok ctzaaje tzaluu7, mii7n tzaaj- cii7n cpuaaqe.

Ok qtzaaj tzaluu7 qii7ntz qpuaaq. Ok qtzaaj tzaluu7, mii7n tzaaj- qi i 7n qpuaaa.

Ok tpoone tjaaye, q'iinx tnuaaqe Ok tpoone tjaaye, mii7n chi7tii7n tu tnam. tpuaaqe.tu tnam.

Ok cpoone cjaaye, cii7nx cpuaaqe. Ok cpoone cjaaye, mii7n chi7cii7n tu tnam. tpuaaqe.tu tnam.

Ok qpoon qjaa, qii7nx qpuaaq tu tnam. Ok qpoon qjaa, mii7n chi7qii7n qpuaaq. tu tnam.

Uo8 sustitucion

iiyaj axi7n Ok txi?ye tjaa Taat Lux, q'iinxe iiyaj axiTn.

tcheeje Ok txiTye tjaa Taat Liix, q'iinx tcheeje.

tjaaye Ok txi7ye tjaaye, q'iinx tcheeje.

iiyaj cheennq' Ok b/.i/ye tjaaye, q'iinxe iiyaj cheennq'.

tu tnam Ok txiYye tu tnam, q'iinxe iiyaj cheennq'.

Aaq'al 01: txiYye Aaq'al, q'iinxe iiyaj cheennq'.

nkuuche Ok txiTye Aaq'al, q'iinx nkuuche.

-abajen sustituci6n

uul Ok cuul, q'maanxe cee.

poon Ok cpoon, q'maanxe cee.

xiT Ok cxiT, q'maanxe cee.

uul Ok vuule, q'maantze weeye.

tzaaj Ok ntzaaje, q'maantze weeye.

poon Ok npoone, q'maantze weeye.

sustituci6n estructural

ces Taje tu7n txi7tma?ne cee.

Qaje Qaje tu7n txi7qma7ne cee.

tee Qaje tu7n txi7qma7ne tee.

Caj Caj tu7n txi7cma7n tee.

Uoo teeye Caj tu7n txi7cma7n teeye.

Taj Taj tuTn txi'7tma7n teeye. memorizacidn

A. Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz(e) Cuando vienes aqui, trae tu tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee Taat dinero y entregalo a Taat Waan. Waan. B. Nti7 npuaaqe tu7n txi7nq'o7ne No tengo dinero para dar a tee Taat Waan. Taat Waan.

actividad

1. La clase se dividira en grupos de tres. Uno de los estudiantes del grupo sera el rey y podra dar mandatos, asi':

Rey: Chi7ye twitz pisarroon. Cbiintze ju yool bajn_. Cmaantze ju yool ba7n_. Tz'iibine. Tzaaje tzaluu7. Qaanintze tee ju maeestro tii ntma7n ju yool q'iintz(e) tpuaaqe.

Estos son nada mas que sugerencias. Podran inventar mas de sus propias.

2. Un estudiante comenzara diciendo la mitad de la frase y otro la completara:

Estudiante 1 Estudiante 2

Ok txi7ye tu tnam, q'iinxe tpuaaqe tuuk'ile.

Ok ctzaaje tzaluu7 cmaantze weeye.

ETC.

3. La clase se arreglara en un circulo. La frase Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7, q'iintz(ej_ tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee Taat Waan sera el modelo. El primer estudiante dira una palabra o expresidn como ok nxi7ye o ok Qtzaaje, etc. , para comenzar a hacer una frase. El segundo respondera apropiadamente con tzaluu7 o chii7., y el tercero hasta el ultimo diran palabras apropiadas para construir una frase completa. Asi:

Estudiante 1 Est. 2 Est. 3 Est. k Est. 5 Est, Est. 7

Ok ttzaaje tzaluu7 q'iintz(e)tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee Taat Waan. Ok txi7ye chii7 q'imx(e) tpuaaqe ex q'oonxe tee.

1+10 dialogos extras

A. Tajpeye tu7n txi7qma7ne cee iQuieres que digamos a ellos tu7n cwaa7n quuk'il? que coman con nosotros? B. Waajei Ok cuul cmaanxe cee. Si, cuando vienen, diganles a ellos.

A. Ok txi7ye tjaa Taat Liix Cuando vas a la casa de Taat q'iinxe iiyaj axi7n. Liix, lleva semilla de maiz. B. Ba7n, machiinxe ja71o. Esta bien, me voy hoy mismo.

A. Sieempre ntzaajtii7n teheeje iSiempre traes tu bestia a k'aal a7 tzaluu7? tomar agua aqui? B. Miiaa7 tcaqiil maj. At maj No todo el tiempo. A veces nxi7wii7ne k'aal a7 tu piil. lo llevo a tomar agua en la pila.

A. Sieempre ntzaaje aq'naal tzaluu7? iSiempre veines a trabajar ropias. B. Tziini O.a at aq'uuntl, peero nti7 Si, si hay trabajo, pero no nchiinaq'naane tcaqiil q'iij. trabajo todos los dias. )itipletara:

A. Tcaqiil maj nxitii7n twaa iTodo el tiempo llevas la tchmaane? comida de tu abuelo? B. Mii7ni At maj nnuul waa71 No, a veces viene a comer tzaluu7. aqui.

, q'iintz(ej_ Lante dira Dmenzar a A. Xi7tq'o7n tq'ee7ne tee Taat Ceel iDiste tu aguardiente a Taat 7_ o chii7, eew? Ceel ayer? ruir una B. Nti7i Noq 007kx tjaayil No, solo el envase le di. xi7nq'o7ne?

t Waan.

Ull ii!2 Lesson Twenty-One

PREPARATION CTAOK

Cbiintze ju yool machiintaane tee laas siinko:

1. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuT 'dormf a las cinco'.

Cbiintze:

2. ( ) ( )

NtraaTn jluu7 'dormire a las cinco'.

Compare:

A. machiintaane A. Machiintaane - dormi B. chiintaale B. Chiintaale - dormire

Underline the part of A and B that are the same.

The units that A has but that B does not have ma, n are and . The unit that B has but that 1 A does not have is .

We can assume that past time of today is marked by the ma and the n_ (e.g. machiintaane).

Future time is marked by the occurrence of the 1 (e.g. chiintaale).

Cbiintze:

3. ( ) ( )

U13 •'i.'Ti'fn iluuT 'Taat. Waan dormira a. Las cinco'

Cbiintze ,iu yool ktaal 'I'aat Waan tee laas siinko: ( ) ( )

omoare:

mat.aaji A. 'iataa.n kt.aal H. Ktaal

Underline the oarts of A and B that are the G ame.

A is different from B because it has and

B is different from A because it has and

Change according to the example:

.1. e.g. Mat nan Taat Waan tee laas siinko. to: Ktaal Taat Waan tee laas siinko.

2. Manoon Taat Waan tee laas siinko. Kpool Taat Waan tee laas siinko.

~*. ''awaaTn Taat Waan tee laas siinko. Kwaa71 Taat Waan t« laas siinko.

Mak'aan Taat Waan q'e7n tee laas siinko. Kk'aal Taat Waan a ' e'7n tee laas siinko. Cbiintze ju yool maqotaan tee laas siinko:

5. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluuT 'dormimos (inc) a las cinco',

Cbiintze jluu7: 6. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'dormiremos a las cinco1.

Juun ma j tl:

7. ( ) ( ) Qotaal tee laas siinko.

Ju yool qotaal tee laas siinko ntma7n 'dormi- remos a las cinco'.

Llegaremos a las Tii ntma7n qopool tee laas siinko? cinco.

Comeremos a las cinco. Tii ntma7n ju yool qowaa71 tee laas siinko?

Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'durmieron ellos a las Machiitaan tee laas cinco1: siinko.

Cbiintze ju yool chiitaal tee laas siinko: ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'dormiran a las cinco'.

U15 Ju yool chutaal tee laas sunko litmaTn 'dormiran a las cinco',

Come ran a las cinco. TLI ntmal'n ju yoo.l chuwaai'.l tee laas sunko?

Practice changing, from past to future time according to the example:

machnntaane chuntaale chnnwaa71e machiinwaaTne ktzeel 'L'aat Waan matzeen Taat Waan qotzeele maqotzeene chiitaal machiitaan

Cbuntze ju yool 'ire a las cinco':

9. [ ) i )

Cbuntze juun majtl:

10. ( ) ( j Chunxeele tee laas sunko.

Ctz' nbmkuye ju yool 'ire a las cinco1 tuj Chunxeele tee xaas naam: sunko,

Cbuntze jiuu7:

11. ( ) [ ) Kxeel Taat Waan tee laas sunko. Ntraa7n jluuT 'Taat Waan ira a las cinco'

Stuay:

Chiinxeele tee laas siinko - Ire a las cinco.

Kxeele tee laas siinko - Iras a las cinco.

Kxeel tee laas siinko - Ira a las cinco.

Qoxeele tee laas siinko - Iremos (exc) a las cinco.

O.oxeel tee laas siinko - Iremos (inc) a las cinco.

Chiixeele tee laas siinko - Iran Uds. a las cinco,

Chiixeel tee laas siinko - Iran ellos a las cinco.

Cbiintze:

12. ( ) ( ) MachiT Taat Mak.

Ntma7n jluu7 'Taat Mak se va'

Cbiintze:

13. ( ) ( ) Kxeel Taat Mak.

Ntma7n jluu7 'Taat Mak se va (ira)'.

Note that machi7 and kxeel both have the same translation. There are some differences in usage, however.

M7 Cbuntze:

1U. { ) { ) Kxeel Taat Mak nchiTj.

MtmaTn jluu7 'Taat Mak se va manana'.

It is improper to say: Machi7 Taat Mak nchi7j

Thus, whenever a time that goes beyond today (e.g. tomorrow, next week, etc.) ma + xi7 cannot be used.

Choose which is correct (mark +_ if correct, or - if incorrect):

Machnnxe IU juun semaan

Machimx tu tnam

3. + Qoxeele nchi7j h. - Maqo7xe nchifj s, — Machefx tu kaampo tee iaas sieete

p G. + KxceJ. T'>.it vix n.'ii.aye

7. - Kxeel. tu tnam tee laas sunko

Cbiintze ju yool chimt zaajele:

15. ( ) i )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I will come'.

Make the change according to the example:

chunxeele chiintzaajele ktz&ajele kxeele __ ktzaajel kxeel qotzaajele qoxeele

Ul8 qotzaajel qoxeel chiitzaajele chiixeele chiitzaajel chiixeel

Cbiintze ex cmaantze tuj maam, ex ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees:

They will come l6. ( ) ( ) chiitzaajel We (inc) will come ( ) ( ) qotzaajel He will come ( ) ( ) ktzaajel I will come ( ) ( ) chiintzaajele

Cbiintze ju yool machi7nma7ne teeye:

IT. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I said it to you'.

Cbiintze ju yool kxeelnma7ne teeye:

18. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'I will say it to you'

Cbiintze ju yool ktzaajeltma7ne weeye:

19. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'you will ask me'.

1)1Q Compare:

A. Kxeelnma'fne teeye B. Ktzaajeltma7ne weeye i will tell 11 LC you Tn ntmaTn ju A? you will tell it to me Til ntmaTn ju B?

Note that the third person singular future forms of tzaaj and xiT are used to make the verb fu- ture .

Ju yool kxeelnma'f'ne teeye ntmaTn ' 1 will say it to you'.

I will say it to Taat Tn ntmaTn ju yool k.KeelnmaTne tee Taat Waan" Waan iou (sg; will tell me KtzaajetmaTne weeye.

Thev will tell them KxeelcmaTn cee.

Change to the futuri

K_x.ee InqaaTnine MachiTnqaaTnine

KtzaajeltqaaTnin Mat zaaj tqaaTn1n

Kxeeltk'aaTyme Machi7tk'aaTyine

Ktzaajeicyek' me Matzaajcye"K'me

Kxeelna_'oTne Viachi7nq'oTne

Ktzaaj eltk' aaTym Matzaajtk'aaTym

KxeeitmaTn MachiTtmaTn

Kt z aaj el ay ek ' 1 n Matzaajqyek'm

K_x.eelr.ma7ne MachiTnmaTne rltzaa jelt a ' oTn Matzaajto'oTn Ju yool til nba teeye ntmaTn 'what are you doing?

Cbiintze ju yool tii kbajel teeye?:

20. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluuT 'what will you (sg) do?'.

Qa ju yool tii kbajel teeye ntmaTn 'what will What will you (pi) do? you do?', tii ntmaTn ju yool tii kbajel ceeye?

Change to the future:

A. Tii kbajel weeye? Tii nba weeye? A.

B. Tii kbajel teeye? Tii nba teeye? B.

C. Tii kbajel qee? Tii nba qee? C.

D. Tii kbajel cee? Tii nba cee? D.

What will I do? Tii ntmaTn ju A?

What will you (sg) do? Tii ntmaTn ju B?

What will we (inc) do? Tii ntmaTn ju C?

What will they do? Tii ntmaTn ju D?

Cbiintze ju yool jakpechiTye:

21. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'Can you go?'.

Ju yool jakpechiTye? ntmaTn 'Can you go?'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntmaTn ju yool JakpecheTffe Can you (pi) go? tuj inglees:

U21 A. Mapechi (ye Are you Rom? B. JaknochiYye Can von co? jak (ma/jak) indicate;

(pe/jak) shows tliat. the auestion should be answered yes or no.

Cbiintze tiu yocl ,jaknechi7ye tu tnam quuk'iiel :\-\ I ) ( ) Ctz' ubinkuye tu ntma'fn jluu7 tuj ingiees: Can you go to town with us?

Cqaanintze ju yool jakpechiTye tu tnam quuk'ile?,

The answer to the above question will be M want to, but I have to work with my younger brother'.

( ) ( ) Waje, peero chiinaa.'naaie tuuk'iJ wntz' me .

Cbiintze juun majti ju yocl waje peero chiinaq'naale tuuk'il wiitz'me:

2U. ( ) ( )

Literally this means 'I want to, but I will work with my younger brother' . But in this context (i.e. following the question 'Can you go to town with, us?' ), it means 'I want to, but I have to work with my younger brother' . Ju yool waje, peero chiinaq'naale tuuk'il wiitz'ine ntma7n 'I want to but I have to work with my younger brother'.

Tii ntma7n ju yool taj, peero kTaq'naal tuuk'il He wants to but he has tiitz'in? to work with his young- er brother.

Study the following:

Waje, peero chiintaale I want to, but I have tzaluuT. to sleep here.

Wa.ie, peero chiinxeele I want to, but I have tu tnajn. to go to town.

Waje, peero chiin- I want to, but I have Taa'naale ja71o. to work now.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

1. I want to, but I have to sleep here.

Waje, peero chiintaale tzaluu7.

2. We (exc) want to, but we have to go to town. Qaje, peero qoxeele tu tnam.

3. He wants to, but he has to eat at his father's house. Taj, peero kwaa71 tjaa tmaan.

k. They want to, but they have to speak with my father. Caj , peero chiiyoolil tuuk'il nmaane.

5. I want to, but I have to go to my grand- father 's house at six o'clock. Waje, peero chiinxeele tjaa nchmaane tee laas seeis. U23 Here are the dialogs:

A. iQue vas a hacer ahora? B. Cuando mi amigc viene, vamos a jugar pelota.

>. A. ( ) Tii kbajel teeye jafio? B. ( ) Ok tuul wamiiweye, qoxeele saqchaal peloot

A. iPuedes ir a jugar peiota con nosotros (excj' B. A saber, Preguntare a mi padre si puedo ir.

26. A. ( J Jakpechi7ye saqchaal peloot quuk'ile? B. ( ) Saveer. Kxeelnqaa7nine tee nrnaane qa jakchnnxe.

Find out what chunxeeie laq'ol axiTn means,

Another word you will need to find out 1=

grasioosa

k2k Manual del Instructor

ETAPA DE PREPARACION

1. machiintaane tee laas siinko (2) 22. jakpechi7ye tu tnam quuk'ile? (2)

2. chiintaale tee laas siinko (2) 23. waje, peero chiinaq'naale tuuk'il wiitz'ine (2) 3. ktaal Taat Waan tee laas siinko (2) 2^4. waje peero chiinaq'naale h. ktaal Taat Waan tee laas siinko (2) tuuk'il wiitz'ine (2)

5. maqotaan tee laas siinko (2) 25. (a) tii kbajel teeye ja71o? (b) ok tuul wamiiweye, qoxeele 6. qotaal tee laas siinko (2) saqchaal peloot

7. qotaal tee laas siinko (2) 26. (a) jakpechi7ye saqchaal peloot quuk'iie? 8. chiitaal tee laas siinko (2) (b) saveer. kxeelnqaa7nine tee nmaane aa jakchiinxe 9. chiinxeele tee laas siinko (2)

10. chiinxeele tee laas siinko (2)

11. kxeel Taat Waan tee laas siinko (2)

12. machi7 Taat Mak (2)

13. kxeel Taat Mak (2) lk. kxeel Taat Mak nchi7j (2)

15. chiintzaajele (2)

16. (a) chiitzaajel (2) (b) qotzaajel (2) (c) ktzaajel (2) (d) chiintzaajele (2)

17. machi7nma7ne teeye (2)

18. kxeelnma7ne teeye (2)

19. ktzaajeltma7ne weeye (2)

20. tii kbajel teeye? (2)

21. jakpechi7ye (2)

U25 1+26 Leccion Veintiuno

ETAPA PRINCIPAL

Ciclo 1 modelo

Ok tuul wamiiweye, qoxeele Cuando mi amigo viene. saqchaal peloot. vamos a jugar pelota.

cbiintze - cmaantze sustituci6n wamiiweye Ok tuul wamiiweye, qoxeele saqchaal peloot. tamnweye Ok tuul tamiiweye, qoxeele saqchaal peloot.

Ok tuul tamiiwe qoxeele saqchaal peloot.

Ok tuul camiiwe, qoxeele saqchaal peloot. camnweye Ok tuul camiiweye, qoxeele saqchaal peloot. cambio

Maqo7x saqchaal peloot. Qoxeel saqchaal peloot.

Machiinxe saqchaal peloot. Chiinxeele saqchaal peloot.

Mache7x saqchaal peloot. Chiixeel saqchaal peloot.

Machi7 saqchaal peloot. Kxeel saqchaal peloot.

Machi7ye saqchaal peloot. Kxeele saqchaal peloot.

1(27 Machnntzaaje saqchaal peloot. Chuntzaajele saqchaal peloot.

Matzaaj saqchaal peloot. Ktzaajel saqchaal pe.ioot,,

Maqotzaaj saqchaal peloot. Optzaajel saqchaal peloot.

'lachiitzaa.i saachaal neloot. Chiitzaajel saqchaal peloot. cambio

Ok ttaan nmaane, chunaq'naale . Ok waq'naane, ktaal nmaane.

Ok tsaqchaane peloot.chiiyoolil. Ok cyoolin, ksaqchaale peloot,

Ok qtz'ubine, ksuch'ile. Ok tsiicli'ine^qotz'ubile.

Ok nyooline tuuk'ile, kxeel nmaane. Ok txiT nmaane, chimyoolile tuuk'ile. pregunta fija

Kxeel nmaane. Alcee kxeel?

Kxeel tu tnam. Jatum kxeel?

Kxeel wuuk'ile. A17uuk'il kxeel?

Kxeel saqchaal Tjeloot. TuquTn kxeel?

Kxeel tee laas sunko. Jnic' oor kxeel?

Kxeel Naan Mai. Alcee kxeel?

Ktaal Taat Cheep. Alcee ktaal?

Ktaal tjaa nmaane. Jatum ktaal?

Ktaal tee laas kuaatro. Jnic' oor ktaal?

Ktaal. Tii kbajel tee?

asociaci6n / respuesta fija

Estudiante uno Estudiante dos

Jatum kxeel? Kxeel tu tnam. tee laas siinko Jnic' oor kxeel? Tee laas siinko kxeel.

Taat Cheep Alcee kxeel? Taat Cheep kxeel.

wuuk'ile A17uuk'il kxeel? Wuuk'ile kxeel.

tu tjaa Dioos Jatum kxeel? Tu tjaa Dioos kxeel.

modelo

Tii kbajel teeye ja71o? iQue vas a hacer ahora?

cbiintze - cmaantze

sustitucidn

tee Tii kbajel tee?

cee Tii kbajel cee?

qee Tii kbajel qee?

teeye Tii kbajel teeye?

we eye Tii kbajel weeye?

qeeye Tii kbajel qeeye?

ceeye Tii kbajel ceeye?

pregunta apropiada

Kaq'naal. Tii kbajel tee?

Qoxeele pelootel. Tii kbajel ceeye?

Chiink'aayile. Tii kbajel teeye?

Qosiich'il. Tii kbajel qee? los Chiik'aal grasioosa. Tii kbajel cee?

Chiiwaa71e. Tii kbajel qeeye?

1*29 memorizaci6n

A. Til kbajel teeye jaTlo? iOue vas a hacer ahoraV B. Ok tuul wamiiweye, qoxeele Cuando viene mi amigo , vamos saqehaal oeloot. a jugar pelota.

comprension

Kxeel Taat Waan tu tnam tee laas sunko. Waje tu7n nxi'fve tuuk'il neero chunTaa ' naale . Chiinxeele ,iu71:i.l k,)o7n t.iaa nchmaane.

'•eswesta aDropiada

1. Jatumel kxeel Taat Waan?

2. Jnic' oor kxeel?

3. K7aq'naal Taat Waan tjaa nchmaane'i

It. Jatumel chnnju71iie kjo7n? activiciad

En gruoos de tres los estudiantes haran esta actividad:

Estudiante A Waje tu7n n(xi7y;e, peero chnn(7aa'naal )e. Estudiante B Ok t^uul) nmaane, chnn(xeel)e ^t.u tnamj. Estudiante C Chim(7aq'naal )e , ex chiin(xeel)e (.tu tnam),

^liclo 2 modelo

Saveer. K.xeelnqaa7nme tee nmaane A saber. Preguntare a mi qa jakchiinxe. padre si puedo ir.

cbiintze - cmaantze

MO sustitucifin - traduceidn y° Kxeelnqaa7mne tee nmaane. el (o ella) Kxeeltqaa7nin tee nmaane. nosotros (inc) KxeelqqaaTnin tee nmaane. ellos Kxeelcqaa7nin tee nmaane. sustitucio'n

1. eew Xi7nqaa7nine teeye eew.

maac' Machi7nqaa7nine teeye maac',

nchi7j (manana) Kxeelnqaa7nine teeye nchi7,i.

maac' Machi7nqaa7nine teeye maac',

eew Xi7nqaa7nine teeye eew.

nchi7j Kxeelnqaa7nine teeye nchi7j1

2. nchi7j Kxeelnq'o7ne teeye nchi7j.

Machi7nq'o7ne teeye maac'.

Xi7nq'o7ne teeye eew.

maac Machi7nq'o7ne teeye maac1.

eew Xi7nq'o7ne teeye eew.

nchi7j Kxeelnq'o7ne teeye nchi7j.

sustituci6n - traduccion

yo a ti Kxeelnq'o7ne teeye.

tu a mi Ktzaajeltq'o7ne weeye.

el (o ella) a mi Ktzaajeltq'o7n weeye.

yo a Uds. Kxeelnq'o7ne ceeye.

ellos a mi Ktzaajelcq'o7n weeye,

U31 tu a eilos Kxeeltq'o7ne cei., ellos a ncsotros (exc) 1C t /. aaj a 1 c o ' o 7 n qe e y o . integracion

Chiinxeele ja7±o Chiinxeele ju71ii kjo7n ja71o. Nchiinju71ine kjo7n

Chiinxeele tu tnrun Chiinxeele k'aal q'e7n tu tnarn. !lchiink'aane q'«7n tu tnarn

Chiinxeele Choljuub Chiinxeele k'aayii Choljuub. Ilchiink'aayine Choljuub

Chiinxeele tjaa nmaane Chiinxeele waa7i tjaa nmaane. Mchnnwaa7ne tjaa nmaane integraci6n

Kxeelnqaa7nme ju xjeel tee Taat Cheep. Kxeelnqaa7nine ju xjeel tee Taat Xi7nqaa7mne ju xjeel tee nmaane. Cheep aju xi7nqaa7mne tee tmaane.

Ktzaajeltqaa7nm ju xjeel weeye. Ktzaajeltqaa7nm ju xjeel weeye aju Xi7tqaa7mn ju xjeel tee Taat Cheep, xi7tqaa7nin tee Taat Cheep.

Ktzaajeltqaa7nm ju xjeel qeeye. _, Ktzaajeltqaa7nin ju xjeel qeeye aju Xi7tqaa7nm ju xjeel tee Taat Cheep. xi7tqaa7nin tee Taat Cheep.

Kxeelnma7ne ju sookbil tee Taat Cheen.., Kxeelnma7ne ju sookbil tee Taat Xi7nma7ne ju sookbil tee , Cheep aju xi7nma7ne tee.

Ktzaajeltma7n ju sookbil weeye. H Ktzaajeltma7n ju sookbil weeye aju Xi7tma7n ju sookbil tee Taat Cheep. xi7tma7n tee Taat Cheep.

Ktzaajeitma7n ju sookbil qeeye. H Ktzaajeltma7n ju sookbil qeeye aju Xi7tma7n ju sookbil tee Taat Cheep. xi7tma7n tee Taat Cheep. modelo

Jakijechi7ye saqcnaaJ. peloot iPuedes lr a jugar pelota quuk'lie. con nosotros (exc)?

cbuntze - cmaantze

nv transformacidn

•Takchi7ye tu tnam quuk'ile. Jakpechi7ye tu tnam quuk'ile?

Jakchi7ye waaTl wuuk'il. Jakpechi7ye waa71 wuuk'ile?

•Jakchi7ye taal t.iaa nmaane. Jakpechi7ye taal t.iaa nmaane?

Jakchi7ye looq'al tu ulaas. Jakpechi7ye looq'al tu plaas?

.Takchi7ye yoolil tuuk'il a.lkaal Jakpechi7ye vooli] tuuk'il a.lkaal':

mtegracion

Jnkchi7ye tu tnan. Jakchi7ye k'aayil tu tnam, "Ik'aayine tu tnam.

Jakchi7ye tu kaampo. Jakchi'fyt! •.•.aqch-ial oolcor, tu Nsaqchaane neloot tu kaamno. kaampo.

Jakchi7ye Choljuub. JakchiTye au'ivi;:.! Ciol .luul";. M7aq'naane Choljuub.

Jakchi7ye tu komedoor. Jakchi7ye waa"l tu komedoor. Nwaatne tu komedoor.

traduceion

! Taat Jakpechi7ye tu tnam quuk'ile? iPuedes ir a] nuohl.o con :ioso '.ro: •T,i.!:peche7x vaa71 wuuk'ile? iPueden ellos ir a comer conmigo?

.Takpechi7 pelootel auuk'il? APuede ir el a .Uu'ar pnlota cc nosotros?

JakT)eche7xe taal n.iaaye? iPueden Uds. ir a dormir en mi casa?

mnmori 7,acidn

Jakpechi7ye saachaal peloot iPuedes ir a jugar pelota quuk'ile? con nosotros (exc)? Saveer. Kxeelnaaa7nine tee A saber. Preguntare a mi nmaane qa jakchiinxe. nadre si imedo ir. actividad

Estudiante A: Tu ntmaTn ju yool exqa tuj kastiy? Estudiante B: Saveer. Kxeelnqaa7nme tee maeestro.

:omorensi6n

KxeelnmaTne Lee nmaane kee mil waaje tu7n nxiTye tu tnam tuuk'il. Maas ngaamye tuTn nsaqchaane peloot tuuk'il wamnweye. resuuesta aDromada i Aicee maas ngaamye?

2. A17uuk'ii chiinsaqchaale peloot?

3. A17uuk'il mn waje tu7n nxi7ye tu tnam? h. Tu kxeelnma7ne tee nmaane? actividad

Usando variaciones de estos verbs (kxelnma7ne, kxeelnq'o7ne, kxeelnyek'ine, kxeelnqaa7mne , kxeelnk'aa7yme) el estudiante A liar a una declaracion. El estudiante B tendra que dar un comentario, o hacer una pregunta, sobre lo que dijo el estudiante A. For ejemplo:

Estudiante A: Kxeelnk ' aa7ym(e ) ncheeje tee Taat Paax. Estudiante B: Tnqu7n mil taje tu7n ttzaajtk'aa7yine weeye?

Estudiante A: Kxeelnyek' m(e J wamnweye teeye nchi7j . Estudiante B: Ba7n. Tu tbna'a? diaiogos extras

Jakpechi7ye tu tnam quuk'ile? iPuedes ir al pueblo con nosotros? 5. Waje, peero chiinaq'naale tuuk'il Quiero, pero tengo que tra- wnti'ine. bajar con mi hermanito. A. JakDechiYye saachaal t)eioot il-'uedes lr a .iusar "oelota con quuk'lie? nosotror, V 3. Wa.je, peero chiinxeele ju71il Ouiero, nero tengo que lim- kjoTn tuuk'il nmaane. piar milpa con mi jpapa.

A. Tii kbajel tee tiitz'ine iQue va a hacer tu hermanito jaTlo? ahora? B. K7aq'naal miij q'iij wuuk'ile. Va a trabajar medio dia con- Despuees qoxeele saqchaal pe- migo. Despues vamos a jugar loot. pelota.

A. Kxeelpe Taat Xa7p tu tch'ooch' iVa el senor Sebastian a su nchi7j? terreno mafiana? B. Ooki Kxeel awaal cheennq'. Si, va a sembrar frijoles.

U35 436 lesson Twentv-'ivo

PREPARATION STAGE

Cbiintze ju yool 'I am speaking'

1. ( ) ( ) nchiinyooline

Cbiintze ju yool 'I know how to speak'

2. ( ) ( )

Cbiintze juun majtl ju yool ba7n chiinyooline:

3. ( ) ( )

Replace n_ with ba7n according to the example:

nchiinyooline ->- ba7n chiinyooline ba7n yooline nyooline ->• ba7n yoolin nyoolin •>

ba7n qoyoolin nqoyoolin •>

ba7n chiiyoolin nchiiyoolin -• _^_^

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees

I know how to speak ba7n chiinyooline

You (sg) know how to ba7n yooline speak

U37 He (or she) knows how ba7n yoolin to speak

They know how to speak ba7n chiiyoolin

We (inc) know how to baTn qoyoolin speak

¥ou (.pi) know how to ba7n chuyooline sneak

We (.exc) know how to ba7n qoyooline sneak

Cbiintze ju yool 'I know how to speak better than Daniel':

( ) i )

Cbimtze ,iuun ma.jtl /ju yool maas ba7n chim- yoolme twitz, Danieel:

5. ( ) ( )

Ju yool maas ba7n chunyooline twitz Danieel ntma7n '1 know how to speak better than Daniel'

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj mglees ju yool maas ba7n You know how to speak yooline twitz Danieel: better than Daniel

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees ju yool maas ba7n Taat Cheep knows how yoolm Taat Cheep twitz Danieel: to speak better than Daniel Cbiintze jluu7: ( ) ( ) NtmaTn jluu7 'Taat Cheep knows how to speak better than I do',

Juun majtl:

7. ( ) ( ) maas ba7n yoolin Taat Cheep nwitze

Ju yool maas ba7n yoolin Taat Cheep nwitze ntma7n 'Taat Cheep knows how to speak better than I do'.

Tii ntma7n jluu7 tuj inglees: maas ba7n yoolin Taat Waan knows how to Taat Cheep twitze? speak better than you

Tii ntma7n jluu7 tuj inglees : maas ba7n yoolin Taat Waan knows how to Taat Cheep cwitz? speak better than they

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam:

1. I know how to write better than you (sg) Maas ba7n chiintz'iibine twitze

2. I know how to work better than you (pi): Maas ba7n chiinaq'naane cwitze

3. They know how to plant corn better than we Maas ba7n chii7awaan (inc): kjo7n qwitz

h. We (inc) know how to speak Mam better than Maas ba7n qoyoolin tuj they do: maam cwitz

^39 5. We (exc) know how to speak English better Maas ba7n qoyooline tuj than you (pi): mglees cwitze

Cbuntze jluuT: DO "Itma7n ,iluu7 'who speaks Mam better. Daniel or ''oberto? ' .

Cbuntze juun majtl ju yool alcee maas ba7n yoolin tuj maam, Danieel exqa Roveerto?: ( ) ( )

Ju yool Danieel exqa Roveerto ntma7n'Daniel or Roberto.' Tn ntma7n ju yool exqa?

Ju yool alcee maas ba7n yoolin tu,i maam, Danieel exqa Roveerto ntma7n 'who speaks Mam better, Daniel or Roberto?'.

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj maam ju yool 'who works better. Alcee maas ba7n aq'naan, Waan Mnaal or Liix Lops?': Waan Mnaal exqa Lux Lops?

Ask the appropriate question according to the example given below:

1. Maas ba7n chee7n LmolerU Naan Liina twitz Naan Mai. Alcee maas bafn chee7n, Naan Lima exqa Naan Mai? 2. Maas ba7n yoolin Roveerto tuj maam tvitz Dameel. Alcee maas ba'Tn yoolin tuj maam, Roveerto exqa Danieel?

3. Maas ba7n aq'naan Taat Cheep twitz Taat Yeek. Alcee maas ba7n aq'naan, Taat Cheep exqa Taat Yeek?

Cbiintze jluu7:

10. ( ) ( )

Ntma7n jluu7 'who knows how to weave better, you or me?

Cbiintze ju yool alcee maas ba7n chmoon, aaye exqa aaqiine?:

11. ( ) ( ) you Tii ntma7n ju yool aaye? me Tii ntma7n ju yool aaqiine?

Cbiintze ju yool alcee maas ba7n yoolin, aaye exqa aa?:

12. ( ) ( )

*Itma7n jluu7, 'who speaks better, you or him?'

Ctz'iibinkuye tii ntma7n ju yool aaye tuj in- you plees : 1

• him Tii ntma7n ju yool aa tuj inglees?

kkl Juun majtl:

13. [ M )

Ctz 'ubinkuye tuj inglees :

Alcee maas ba7n yooline aaye exqa aaqnne5 Who knows how to speak better, you or me? Alcee maas baTn yooiin, aaye exqa aa? Who knows how to speak better, you or him? Alcee maas ba?n yoolin , Taat Paax exqa aaqune? Who knows how to speak better, Taat Paax or me? Alcee maas baTn yooiin, aaye exqa Naan Lima? Who knows how to speak better, you or Naan Luna?

Cbiintze ju yool alcee maas ba7n chiiyoolm. aaqe exqa Taat Waan?:

l't. (JO

Ntma7n jluu7 'who knows how to sneak better, them or Taat Waan?'.

Study the following:

A. Alcee maas ba7n chuyoolin, aaqe exqa Taat Waan? B. Alcee maas ba7n chiiyoolm, aaqeye exqa Taat Waan? C. Alcee maas ba7n chiiyoolm, aaqo7 exqa Taat Waan?

Ju yool aaqe ntma7n 'them'. Tii ntma7n ju A? Who speaks better, them or Taat Waan? Ju yool aaqeye ntmnjn 'you (pi) ' . Tii ntma7n Who speaks better, you ju B? (T>1) or Taat Waan? Ju yool aaqoT ntma7n 'nosotros line)' Who speaks better, us Ctz'ubinkuye tii ntmaTrt ju C: (inc) or Taat Waan?

Compare:

Alcee maas ba7n yoolin, aaye exqa Taat Waan. Alcee maas ba7n chiiyoolin, aaqeye exqa Taat Waan.

Note that if there is a plural that follows the verb, (e.g. aaqe, aaqeye, aaqo7, aaqo7ye) yoolin must be preceded by chii.

Place chii appropriately:

Alcee maas ba7n yoolin, aaye exqa Danieel?

Alcee maas ba7n chii- : Alcee maas ba7n yoolin, aaqe exqa Danieel? yoolin , aaqe pyqa Danieel? } Alcee masls ba7n yoolin, Taat Waan exqa > Danieel?-'

Alcee maas ba7n chii- ' Alcee maas ba7n yoolin, aaq.o'7 exqa Danieel? yoolin, aaqo7 exqa ; Danieel?

Place; chii appropriately:

Alcee maas ba7n chii- Alcee maas ba7n yoolm, aa exqa aaqo7? yoolin, aa ex aaqo7? Alcee maas ba7n chii- Alcee maas ba7n yoolin, aa exqa aaqo7ye? yoolin , aa exqa aaqo7ye^ Alcee maas ba7n yoolin, aaqiine exqa aaye?

UU3 Cbiintze:

15. ( ) ( )

NtmaTn jluu7 'I don't know how to speak Mam'

Juun majtl:

16. ( ) ( ) Muben chiinyooline tuj maam.

Ju yool miiben chiinyooline tuj maam ntma7n 'I don't know how to speak Mam'.

Ctz' ubinkuye ju yool 'you (sg) don't know how Muben yooline tuj to speak in Mam' : maam. Ctz'iibinkuye ju yool 'you (pi) don't know how Miiben chiiyooline tuj to speak in Mam': maam.

Change according to the example given in No. 1:

1. BaTn chiinyooline tuj maam, Miiben chiinyooline tuj maam.

2. BaTn yoolm Taat Cheer) tu.i maam. Miiben yoolm Taat Cheep r.u.i mn.an.

Ju yool miiben nunxix chiinyooline ntma7n '1 don't know how to speak very well'.

Cbiintze:

IT. i ) I ) Ja7Io ctz ' ubinkuye tu,i maam ju yool:

Miiben niinxix chu- They don't speak Mam very well: yoolm tuj maam.

Mii"ben niinxix chiin- I don't speak Mam very well: yooline tuj maara. ______

.Miiben niinxix qoyoolin We (inc) don't speak Mam very well: tuj maam.

Miiben niinxix chiiyoo- You (pi) don't speak Mam very well: line tuj maam. __^______

Cbiintze ju yool ba7n wu7ne: how 18. ( ) ( ) Ntma7n jluu? 'I know'* (saber).

(*Not like 'I know a person'.)

Ctz'iibinkuye tuj inglees tii ntma7n ju yool:

We (inc) know ba7n qu7n

They know ba7n cu7n

You (pi) know ba7n cu7ne

Ju yool noq ch'iin ntma7n 'only a little'

I only know a little Tii ntma7n ju yool noq, ch'iin ba7n wu7ne? i '1

kWj Cbuntze ex cmaantze Ju yool nog ih 'nn ba7n wu7ne:

19. ( M ;

Ju yool nog juunjun yool ntma7n 'only a few words'.

I know only a few Tn ntma7n ju yool nog juunjun yool ba7n wu7ne" words

Cbiintze ex cmaantze ju yool nog juunjun yool ba?n wxi7ne:

20. ( M )

Here axe the dialogs:

A. iSabes hablar en mam? B. Solo un pcguito se.

21. A. ( ) Ba7npe yooline tuj maam? B. ( ; Nog ch'im ba7n wu7ne.

A. iQuien sabe tejer mejor, Naan Luna o Naan Waana? B. Naan Luna sabe tejer mejor gue Naan Waana.

22. A. ( ) Alcee maas ba?n chmoon, Naan Lima exga Naan Waana? B. ( ) Maas ba7n chmoon Naan Lima twitz Naan Waana.

kiiG Find out the meanings of the following ex- pressions :

Jatumel teT xjaal?

Maas galaan yooline nwitze baTn chiinbiixine ba7n chiinbiitzine

UUT