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Byron's Library 1 BYRON’S LIBRARY: THE THREE BOOK SALE CATALOGUES Edited and introduced by Peter Cochran The 1813 Catalogue Throughout much of 1813, Byron was planning to go east again, not with Hobhouse this time, but with the Marquis of Sligo, who, just out of jail for abducting sailors during a period of war, was anxious to be away from the public gaze. They never went: the difficulty of finding adequate transport for themselves and their retinues, plus a report of plague in the Levant, prevented them. Sligo would have had difficulty in any case getting passage on an English ship of war. However, just how close they got to leaving is shown by the first of the three catalogues below. While still adding lines to The Giaour, Byron was within an ace of selling his library. Its catalogue is headed: A / CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, / THE PROPERTY OF A NOBLEMAN [in ink in margin: Lord Byron / J.M.] / ABOUT TO LEAVE ENGLAND / ON A TOUR OF THE MOREA. / TO WHICH ARE ADDED / A SILVER SEPULCHRAL URN, / CONTAINING / RELICS BROUGHT FROM ATHENS IN 1811, / AND / A SILVER CUP, / THE PROPERTY OF THE SAME NOBLE PERSON; / WHICH WILL BE / SOLD BY AUCTION / BY R. H. EVANS / AT HIS HOUSE, No. 26, PALL-MALL, / On Thursday July 8th, and following Day. Catalogues may be had, and the Books viewed at the / Place of Sale. / Printed by W.Bulmer and Co. Cleveland-row, St. James’ s. / 1813. It’s not usual to sell your entire library before going abroad unless you intend never to return. There are small references to the sale in Byron’s letters: Amongst the books from B[enne]t St. is a small vol. of abominable poems by the Earl of Haddington – which must not be in ye. Catalogue or sale … The books which may be wanted by Lady O[xford] I will carry out …1 On July 8th 1813 itself, when the first day of the sale fails to occur, he writes to Moore, “I am still in equipment for voyaging, and anxious to hear from, or of, you before I go” (BLJ III 73). This is at approximately the time of the publication of the second edition of The Giaour . On August 31st 1813 Sligo writes his last letter to Byron, obliging him with his account of the incident of the Greek girl in the sack, which Byron needs to counter Caroline Lamb’s rumours of his unnatural activities in Greece, spread by her by way of an alternative reading of The Giaour . The friendship between Byron and Sligo (who knows the rumours to be true but provides the story anyhow), seems to cease at this point. Byron gave the “Silver Sepulchral Urn”, with its “contents” (which were bones), to Walter Scott in 1815. Byron’s Jane Austen The most sensational item in the 1813 catalogue is 1813, 154, showing Byron to have possessed first editions of Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility . They are thrown in with a History of Pugilism, Despotism, or [the] Fall of the Jesuits (by Isaac Disraeli, published by Murray), and a “volume of plays”, and do not recur in the 1816 catalogue. 1: BLJ III 62; letter to Murray of June 13 1813. 2 Perhaps Byron gave them to Annabella. There are no references to Jane Austen anywhere in his work. The 1816 Catalogue In 1816, Byron really did go abroad, and, indeed, never came back. He really did sell his library, too, having made the decision as the bailiffs moved in, in November 1815. The auction was held at the house of the leading auctioneer R.H.Evans at 26, Pall Mall (where the 1813 auction would have been), and is said to have been on April 5th and 6th. That Evans did both catalogues is found in the frequently identical multiple lots. The sale fetched a total of £723.12s.6d: £273.12s.6d more than the books had been valued at the previous year. The catalogue has on the cover A / CATALOGUE / OF A / COLLECTION OF BOOKS, / LATE THE / PROPERTY OF A NOBLEMAN / ABOUT TO LEAVE ENGLAND ON A TOUR, / INCLUDING / The Large Plates to Boydell’s Shakespeare, 2 vol. PROOF IMPRESSIONS, red morocco . – Birch’s General Dictionary, 10 vol. – Morieri, Dictionnaire Historique, 10 vol. – Lavater’s Physiognomy, 5 vol. morocco . – Sophocles Brunckii, 2 vol. russia . – Malcolm’s History of Persia, 2 vol. russia. Dryden’s Works, 18 vol. LARGE PAPER , russia . – Beauties of England, 11 vol. – Cobbett’s Parliamentary Debates, 31 vol. – State Trials, 21 vol. – And some Romaic books of which no other Copies are in this Country. / AND / A Large Skreen covered with Portraits of Actors, Pugilists, Representations of Boxing Matches, &c. / WHICH WILL BE / SOLD BY AUCTION / BY MR. EVANS, / AT HIS HOUSE, No. 26, PALL MALL. / On Friday, April 5, and following Day . It is headed on its third page: CATALOGUE / OF A COLLECTION OF BOOKS, / LATE THE PROPERTY OF A NOBLEMAN. / FIRST DAY’S SALE. / The Sale will commence each Day PUNCTUALLY AT / HALF PAST TWELVE. Hobhouse recorded in his diary on April 8th (sic): This day I went to the sale of Lord Byron’s books and bought £34’s worth – amongst them a Lucian [for] £5 5s 0d, 2 and his Romaic Dictionary of Demetrius Paulus 3 for £6 16s 6d. The books had been in execution four times. Murray gave £450 for them. 4 The library sold for £730, and had Byron’s name been in, each book would have sold for twice as much. Some presentation copies sold very high – Knight on taste, with inscription to poetorum facile principe ,5 for four guineas, bought in by Murray, and Erskine on the war 6 with a note of Erskine’s and Byron for as much. Rogers’ poems 7 – more than three guineas, and others. “It was a lively sale”, said Murray. My Miscellany 8 went in lot for twelve shillings. 9 The truth of his comment on the greater value placed on a book signed by Byron (of which there were very few), is confirmed by the catalogues. Byron should have signed more of his books. 2: 1816, 221: purchased by Murray. 3: 1816, 337: purchased by Murray. 4: Murray had in fact paid Byron £500 for his books; but the bailiffs got them, and Byron returned the £500. 5: 1816, 215: purchased by Murray. 6: 1816, 326: purchased by Murray. 7: 1816, 271 and 272: both purchased by Murray. 8: Imitations and Translations (1809). 1816, 136. Purchased by Lowe. 9: BL.Add.Mss. 47232. 3 The 1827 Catalogue: Byron’s books On January 29th 1825, with Byron dead, Hobhouse recorded: Rode to London. Went to Hanson’s and with him to London docks to look over some goods of Byron’s, came from Genoa – found nine snuff boxes and a watch which I intend to apply for to have duty free – also five boxes of books – his library – poor fellow. The books had been sent by Charles Barry, Byron’s banker in Genoa, custodian also of the poet’s three pet geese, whose lives he had saved at Michaelmas 1822. It was not until July 6th 1827 that the same R.H.Evans, now at 93 Pall Mall, held another auction to sell off what was left after Byron’s friends had picked the contents of the five boxes through. The sale fetched £159.9s.6d. The two-year-plus gap between the books’ receipt and sale is mysterious. The catalogue for the 1827 sale has on its front: CATALOGUE / OF THE / LIBRARY / OF / THE LATE LORD BYRON, / [inked: nos. 1-233] / TO WHICH IS ADDED / THE LIBRARY OF A GENTLEMAN, / DECEASED. / WHICH WILL BE / SOLD BY AUCTION, / BY MR.EVANS, / AT HIS HOUSE, No. 93, PALL MALL, / On Friday, July 6, and Two following days, (Sunday excepted.) / 1827. … and the first page of contents is headed: CATALOGUE / OF / THE LIBRARY / OF THE LATE / LORD BYRON; / TO WHICH IS ADDED / ANOTHER VALUABLE COLLECTION. / FIRST DAY’S SALE. / [Number 1 to 233 inclusive are the Property of Lord Byron.] / Octavo et Infra . / [ The Sale will commence at HALF PAST TWELVE.] Hobhouse does not mention the 1827 sale in his diary. Here is the entire entry for July 6th 1827: Friday July 6th : Remained at Whitton, walking with Sophy and riding with Tom. Fine hot weather. He would thus deny having been in London when the sale occurred. And yet the Evans catalogue records him as buying five sets for £7 7s 6d on that date.10 Perhaps, being a busy man of affairs, he couldn’t be bothered to go in person, and sent someone to do the bidding for him: the catalogue says, “Gentlemen who cannot attend the Sales, may have their Commissions faithfully executed, by their humble Servant / R. H. EVANS”. However, as we see, Hobhouse wasn’t busy that day. He stayed at home and relaxed. If he did bid by proxy, was it a gesture to cover up some pilfering he’d already done? See next section for more suspicions. In The Late Lord Byron , Doris Langley Moore prints the following note about the 1827 sale, from the John Murray Archive. I have not seen the original, but either it, or her transcription, is full of errors, which I have indicated: 10: Daru, Histoire Venise , in seven volumes (1827, 59: for £1 16s); Pope’s Works in nine volumes (1827, 153: for £1 11s 6d); Theodosii et Valentini ani 3 Novellæ Leges and Senecæ Tragœdiæ (1827, 182: for 7s); Taciti Opera, notis Variorum , in two volumes (1827, 183: for £3 13s).
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