Civil War and Reconstruction BEAN BINGO • Look Over the Key Terms on Your Bingo Card

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The Civil War and Reconstruction

• When you see one of the key terms on the PowerPoint, place a BEAN in that square.

• Try to go for a BLACKOUT BINGO!

• The teacher will assign each person a partner for short Quiz-Quiz-Praise games throughout the presentation.

Union General Confederate General

• Polical

• Economic

• Social

Political Impact: having to do with the structures and aﬀairs of government, politics and its institutions, or politicians

Economic Impact having to do with the production, development, and management of material wealth of a country, household, or business enterprise

Social Impact: having to do with the way people live together in communities

• The 10th Amendment to the United States Constitution states that all powers not given to the Congress by the Constitution (Art. I, Sec. 8) are reserved to the states, States' Rights.

Civil War: 1861-1865 • The northern states agreed with the Federal Government and wanted to abolish slavery.

• Their economy was based on industry and did not rely on slavery.

Northern Northern • Very few families owned States States slaves.

• They believed that state’s rights were infringed (states having the power to govern themselves).

• Their economy was based on agriculture (farming and raising livestock) and relied heavily on slavery.

• The South was producing cotton and selling it to the North as well as to England.

• Northern manufacturers were producing cloth they wanted to sell in the South. However it was more expensive for the North to produce goods than England because they were better industrialized.

• The North wanted a protective tariff placed on imported goods thus raising England’s prices on goods.

• Southerners and Northerners both would have to pay more for manufactured goods imported from overseas, which would help sales of products made in the U.S.

• The South protested that the national government did not have the right to do this.

• However, the Constitution gives the Congress the power to pass import taxes (export taxes are forbidden)

• The Execuve Order known as The Emancipaon Proclamaon, freed slaves in the slave-holding Southern states beginning January

1, 1863.

• Take turns quizzing each other over the following key terms.

• When you partner gets an answer correct, be sure to celebrate with a high ﬁve or a cheer!

States’ Tariff Confederacy Rights

• The southern states, including Texas, SECEDED (pulled out of) the United States in 1861.

• The southern states formed the CONFEDERACY – a government with weaker central authority

• SECTIONALISM – greater loyalty to a region, than a naon • Most Texans were originally from the South and had connections to friends and families there. • Many of these Texans agreed with slavery though most did not hold slaves. • Economically, politically and socially Texans were connected to the South. Civil War: Political Impact Texas gave reasons for joining the Confederacy:

• The naonal government had not helped Texas prevent Indian aacks, raids, and other acts of banditry in Texas.

• Texas’ economy depended on slavery.

• Newly-elected Governor, Sam Houston, did not want Texas to secede from the Union and was removed from oﬃce when he refused to take a loyalty oath to the Confederacy.

1. Leader of Confederate “Hood’s Brigade”; Fort Hood Texas named after him

2. Governor of Texas in 1861 after Sam Houston was removed from office

3. Commander of Confederate forces in Texas

4. Led the gunboat battle where the Confederacy regained control of Galveston; strapped cotton bales to the sides of steamboats to protect the riflemen

5. Confederate Army General, 19th governor of Texas, one of the president of what is now known as A & M University

• Conscripon Act (had to join the army) – Around 70,000 Texans joined the Confederacy

• On the Union side, many formerly- enslaved Texans and many Texas immigrants fought Significant Texas Battles in the Civil War: Which description matches which battle? Battle of Sabine Pass Battle of Galveston Batle of Palmito Ranch

1. July 1861 – The Union Navy blocked Texas ports; 1863, Confederate troops converted steamboats to gunships and take back the port

2. September 1863 - Union planned to invade Texas with 5000 troops and attack Houston; Lieutenant Richard Dowling and his men defended Ft. Griffin for a complete victory

3. May 1865 – Union army moved to capture Brownsville; collided with Confederate troops led by John S. Fort; Confederate troops captured 100 union soldiers who told them the war was over in April Civil War: Economic Impact • Northern blockades cut off food, supplies, war material to the South created shortages of… • Coffee • Medicine • Clothing • Salt • Paper

• Trade along the Mexican border continued

• Demand for cotton was down because of the war, but demand for corn and wheat

• Freed slaves leave few left on the farms

• Lower production of agriculture and business due to men being at war

• With so many Texans ﬁghng in the war, women and children had to be responsible for the businesses, farms, and homes.

• Many suﬀered the loss of family members.

• Union supporters were treated with hoslity.

• Life was hard in Texas.

• The war ended in April 1865, but because of Texas’s locaon, the news of the war ending did not reach Texas unl June 19, 1865. Why did it take so long for Texans to hear this news?

• The last Civil War bale was in Brownsville, Texas May 12 -13.

• The North, or Union forces, had already won the war.

• Confederate General Robert E. Lee had signed the surrender agreement one month before.

• Take turns quizzing each other over the following key terms.

• When you partner gets an answer correct, be sure to celebrate with a high ﬁve or a cheer! Secede Sectionalism

• His successor, President Johnson connued on with the process of Reconstrucon, or rebuilding the country.

• There was inadequate producon in agriculture and business.

• Transportaon was disrupted.

• Maral Law – Governor Davis used military forces to keep the peace in several counes

• Sherman and federal troops removed American Indian tribes from West Texas during the “Froner Wars.”

• Texas raﬁed the Reconstrucon Amendments in order to rejoin the Union • 13th Amendment - forbids slavery • 14th Amendment – equal rights, regardless of race • 15th Amendment – extended the right to vote to African American men

• There was a great increase in…

• Tenant farming – people reside on and farm land owned by a landlord • Sharecropping – people farming another landowners land for a share of the proﬁt

• Expansion of the railroad

• Cattle industry booms

• This led to an increase in people moving to Texas

©2012, TESCCC Reconstruction: Social Impact • Freedmen’s Bureau was established in 1865 by the naonal government to provide the following for formerly-enslaved people: • Food • Shelter • Medicine • Opened the ﬁrst schools for African Americans in Texas, which were in operaon for over 100 years

• June 19th became known as Juneteenth, which became a celebraon of the end of slavery

• It became illegal for African American Texans and somemes Hispanic Texans to … • eat in the same restaurants • stay in the same hotel • aend the same schools • be treated in the same hospital as the Anglo Texans

• The Ku Klux Klan emerged as a group seeking to force segregaon and keep African Americans from taking part in polics.

• This was a me of great change as Texans made their way into a new era.

• Take turns quizzing each other over the following key terms.

• When you partner gets an answer correct, be sure to celebrate with a high ﬁve or a cheer!

Reconstruction Constitution 13th, 14th, 15th of 1876 Amendment

Sharecropping Tenant Freeman’s Farming Bureau

Juneteenth Jim Crow KKK Laws

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