LOWER EAST SIDE and CHINATOWN 1 EAST 14 ST 4 AV Who We Are

Home , Greenwich Village, Harlem, Lower East Side

MANHATTAN COMMUNITY Lower East Side DISTRICT 3 and Chinatown Including Chinatown, East Village and Lower East Side

Health is closely tied to our daily environment. Understanding how our neighborhood affects our physical and mental health is the first step toward building a healthier and more equitable New York City.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 1 EAST 14 ST 4 AV Who We Are

COOPER SQUARE

CANAL ST BAXTER BOWERY New York CityST

New York CityPEARL ST NYC population by race EAST RIVER PAGE 2 PAGE 6 PAGENYCNew population 2 York by City race Lower East Side New York City Population by race Black PAGE 2 PAGEand 2Black Chinatown PAGEElementary 6 School Abseentee On time high school graduation POPULATION100.0 100.0 Latino 87.5 87.5 PopulationLatinoBlack by race Black BY RACE AND75.0 NYC population by race 100.0 75.0 Elementary90 School Abseentee 100 On time high school graduation 62.5 62.5 Other ETHNICITY^ 87.5 100.0 Latino 50.0 PAGE 2 PAGEOtherLatino 2 PAGE 6 75.0 87.550.0 36% 37.5 29% 32% 37.5 30% 62.5 75.0 Black 25% Black Asian 90 100 25.0 22% 25.0 PopulationAsianOther by race Other 50.0 100.0 15% 62.5 Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation75 12.5 12.5 7% 37.5 87.5 29% 32% 2% 50.0 Latino100.0 1% 2% Latino White 0.0 75.0 87.5 36% 60 New York25.0 City22% 37.50.0 WhiteAsian 30% Asian 62.5 15% 75.0 25% 90 100 12.5 Asian Black Latino White Other 25.0 Other Asian Black Latino White Other Other 50.0 2% 62.5 7% 75 0.0 37.5 29% 32% 12.5 50.0 White White 50 22% 37.5 36% 1% 2% 60 25.0 Asian15% Black Latino White Other 0.0 AsianPopulation by age25% 30% Asian NYC population by race 12.5 2% 25.0 75 NYC population by age 12.5 Asian Black7% Latino White Other TOTAL 0.0 White 1% 2% White 60 30 Asian Black Latino White Other 0.0 50 PAGE 2 POPULATION PAGE 2 Asian Black Latino White OtherPAGE 6 25 NYC8,537,673 population by age 45.0 Population171,103 by age 50 45.0 Black Black35% NYC population by Populationage by race Population by age Elementary School Abseentee On30 time high school graduation 100.0 32% 30 87.5 45.0 Latino100.0 45.0 Latino 25% 25 75.0 45.0 87.5 25% 22.5 45.0 0 25 0 POPULATION 75.0 62.5 22.5 21% 35%35% 9016% 100 50.0 BY AGE Other62.532%32% 13% 11% Other 32% 50.0 14% 37.5 29% 25%25%36% 25%25% 25.0 22% 21%9% Asian37.5 30% Asian 0 0 15% 22.5 22.5 21% 25% 22.5 22.5 0 0 12.5 25.0 14% 16% 2% 7% 0.0 13% 11% 16% 75 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0.0 9% White12.5 14% 1% 2% 13% 11% White 60 Asian Black Latino White0.0 Other 9% 0.0 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0.0 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64Asian 65+Black Latino White Other 0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 50 0.0 Population by age 0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved NYC population by age 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ Born outside US 30 English pro ciency 45.0 BornBorn outside outside US US45.0 EnglishEnglish pro ciency pro ciencyBorn outside US English pro ciency 25 35% BORN OUTSIDE32% 25% Born outside US 25%EnglishBorn pro ciency outside US English pro ciency 22.5 21%THE US 22.5 0 0 14% 13% 16% 9% 37% 11% 34% 0.0 0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+

Born outside US English pro ciencyBorn outside US English pro ciency 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 HAVE LIMITED 2000 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration ENGLISH PROFICIENCY 1500 20000 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 23% PAGE 828%Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration 2000 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 1000 1500 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 ^White, Black, Asian and Other exclude Latino ethnicity. Latino is Hispanic or Latino of any race. 500 1500 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. 2000 1000 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations0 40 80 120 Incarceration160 200 Sources: Population, Race and Ethnicity and Age: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2016; Born Outside the U.S. and English Proficiency: U.S. Census Bureau, American 0 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Community Survey, 2012-2016 1500 1000 500 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 1000 2 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES0 2018: LOWER40 EAST SIDE80 AND CHINATOWN120 160 200 500 0 500 0 40 80 120 160 200 0 40 80 120 160 200 0 0 Note from Oxiris Barbot, Commissioner, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

We are pleased to present the 2018 Community Health Profiles, a look into the health of New York City’s (NYC) 59 diverse community districts.

The health of NYC has never been better. Our city’s life expectancy is 81.2 years, 2.5 years higher than the national average.

However, not all residents have the same opportunities to lead a healthy life. A ZIP code should not determine a person’s health, but that’s the reality in so many cities, including our own.

The Community Health Profiles allow us to see how much health can vary by neighborhood. Policies and practices based on a history of racism and discrimination (often referred to as structural racism) have created neighborhoods with high rates of poverty and limited access to resources that promote health. The practice of removing funding or refusing to provide funding to communities of color has caused poor health outcomes to cluster in these communities.

The Community Health Profiles also show how important community resources, and funding to create and sustain these resources, are to health outcomes. For example, supermarkets provide more access to fresh foods than bodegas. However, in some neighborhoods with obesity rates higher than the citywide average, just 5% of food establishments are supermarkets, making it difficult for residents to make healthy choices.

Addressing these inequities may seem like a daunting task, but by working together, we can dismantle the unjust policies and practices that contribute to poor health in our communities. Through Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020), and other New York City Health Department programs, we work with community partners to give every resident the same opportunity for good health. We are making progress, but there is more work to do.

Reducing health inequities requires policymakers, community groups, health professionals, researchers and residents to work together for change at every level. We look forward to working with you to improve the health of our city.

Sincerely,

Oxiris Barbot, MD

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 3 Table of Contents

Who We Are Healthy Living PAGE 2 PAGE 13

Understanding Health Health Care Inequities in New York City PAGE 14-15 PAGE 5

Social and Economic Health Outcomes Conditions PAGE 16-18 PAGE 6-8

Housing and Notes Neighborhood Conditions PAGE 19 PAGE 9-10

Map and Contact Maternal and Child Health PAGE 11-12 Information BACK COVER

NAVIGATING THIS DOCUMENT This profile covers all of Manhattan’s Community District 3, which includesChinatown, East Village and Lower East Side. This is one of 59 community districts in NYC. The community district with the most favorable outcome in NYC for each measure is presented throughout the report. Sometimes this is the highest rate (e.g., physical activity) and sometimes this is the lowest rate (e.g., infant mortality). Some figures include an arrow to help readers understand the direction of the healthier outcome. This profile uses the following color coding system:

LOWEST/HIGHEST LOWER EAST SIDE MANHATTAN NEW YORK CITY COMMUNITY AND CHINATOWN DISTRICT

4 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN Understanding Health Inequities in New York City

The ability to live a long and healthy life is not equally available to all New Yorkers. A baby born to a family that lives in the Upper East Side will live 11 years longer than a baby born to a family in Brownsville. This inequity is unacceptable.

Resources and opportunities are at the root of good health. These include secure jobs with benefits, well-maintained and affordable housing, safe neighborhoods with clean parks, accessible transportation, healthy and affordable food, and quality education and health care.1 In NYC, access to these resources and opportunities are not equitably distributed. Neighborhoods with residents of color often have fewer resources.

Since the 1600s—when NYC was established by colonization—racist policies and practices have shaped where New Yorkers live and go to school, what jobs they have and what their neighborhoods look like. Over time, these policies and practices have built on each other to create deep inequity.

For example, in the 1930s the federal government developed a policy known as redlining. As part of this policy, neighborhoods were rated based on the race, ethnicity and national origin of their residents. Neighborhoods that were home to people of color, like Central Harlem and Brownsville, were outlined in red on a map. They were labeled as "hazardous" and no home loans or other investments were approved there. The wealthiest and Whitest neighborhoods in NYC received, and continue to receive, more investment and opportunities for health.2

The denial of resources and opportunities that support good health contributes to the differences in life expectancy we see today. Experiencing racism is also a health burden, creating chronic stress that contributes to major causes of death, like diabetes and heart disease.3

To better understand the successes and challenges in each of NYC’s 59 neighborhoods, the Community Health Profiles present data on a range of measures. These data should be interpreted with an understanding that good health is not only determined by personal choices. Many other factors shape differences in health outcomes, including past and current discrimination based on race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, sexual orientation and other identities. We hope the Community Health Profiles support your efforts in making NYC more equitable for all. For more information on the New York City Health Department programs and services that are closing the gap in health outcomes, visit nyc.gov/health.

1 Marmot M, Friel S, Bell R, et al. Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity Through Action on the Social Determinants of Health. The Lancet. 2008; 372(9650): 1661–1669. 2 Undesign the Redline. http://www.designingthewe.com/undesign-the-redline. Accessed March 13, 2018. 3 Krieger N. Embodying inequality: A Review of Concepts, Measures, and Methods for Studying Health Consequences of Discrimination. International Journal of Health Services. 1999; 29(2): 295-352.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 5 Social and Economic Conditions

Education Higher education levels are associated with better health outcomes. Missing too many days of school can cause students to fall behind and increases their risk of dropping out. The Lower East Side and Chinatown’s elementary school absenteeism rate is lower than the rate for NYC overall. Three-quarters of high school students in the Lower PAGE 2 PAGE 2 PAGE 6 PAGEEast Side 6 and Chinatown graduate in four years, similar to the citywide rate.

Black Black ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ABSENTEEISM ON-TIME HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION PopulationPopulation by race by race Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation Elementary(percent School of public Abseentee school students in grades K through 5 missingOn time 19 or high(percent school of public graduation school students graduating in four years) 100.0 100.0 Latino Latino more school days) 87.5 87.5 75.0 75.0 90 90 100 100 96% 62.5 62.5 Other Other 50.0 50.0 36% 36% 37.5 37.5 25% 30%25% 30% Asian Asian 77% 75% 25.0 25.0 75 73% 7% 7% 75 12.5 12.5 1% 2%1% 2% White White 60 0.0 0.0 60 Asian BlackAsianLatinoBlackWhiteLatinoOtherWhite Other PAGEPAGEPAGE 2 2 2 PAGEPAGEPAGE 6 6 6 50 50 BlackBlackBlack PopulationPopulation by age by age PopulationPopulationPopulation by by by race race race ElementaryElementaryElementary School School School Abseentee Abseentee Abseentee OnOnOn time time time high high high school school school graduation graduation graduation 30 100.0100.0100.0 30 LatinoLatinoLatino 87.587.587.5 20% 45.0 45.0 16% 18% 25 25 75.075.075.0 909090 100100100 35% 35% OtherOtherOther 62.562.562.5 5% 25% 25% 50.050.050.0 37.537.537.5 36%36%36% 22.5 22.5 25%25%25% 30%30%30% 0 0 AsianAsianAsian 0 0 16% 25.025.016%25.0 757575 13% 11%13% 11% 7%7%7% Lower East Manhattan NYC Lowest: Lower East Manhattan NYC Highest: 12.512.512.5 1%1%1% 2%2%2% WhiteWhiteWhite 0.00.00.0 Side and Bayside and606060 Little Neck Side and Financial District AsianAsianAsian BlackBlackBlack LatinoLatinoLatinoWhiteWhiteWhite OtherOtherOther 0.0 0.0 HighestHighest ChinatownLevel of Level Education of Education Achieved Achieved Chinatown 0-17 18-240-1725-4418-2445-6425-44 65+45-64 65+ 505050 PopulationPopulationPopulation by by by age age age Source: NYC Department of Education, 2016-2017 Note: NYC and borough On-time High School Graduation data may differ from rates presented in other published sources. See technical notes in the public use dataset 303030 for more details. Born outsideBorn outside US US 45.045.045.0EnglishEnglish pro ciency pro ciency Source: NYC Department of Education,25 25201725 35%35%35% 25%25%25% 22.522.522.5 000 000 16%16%16% HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION ACHIEVED (percent of adults ages 25 and older) 13%13%13% 11%11%11% High school 0.00.00.0 HighestHighestLessHighest than Level Level Level graduateof of of Education Education Education or Achieved Achieved Achieved 0-170-170-17 18-2418-2418-24 25-4425-4425-44 45-6445-6445-64 65+65+65+ high school some college College graduate Half of adults in the Lower East Side and Chinatown 24% 28% 48% 0 20 40 60 0 80 20 100 40 600 2080 10040 60 0 80 20 100 40 060 2080 40100 60 0 80 20 100 40 60 80 100 Lower East Side and BornBornBorn outside outside outside US US US EnglishEnglishEnglish pro ciency pro ciency pro ciency Chinatown have 2000 2000 Manhattan 13% 23% 64% a college degree. PAGE 8 PAGENon-fatal 8 Non-fatal Assault Assault Hospitalizations Hospitalizations IncarcerationIncarceration Twenty-four percent of adults have not 1500 1500 NYC 19% 38% 43% completed high school, a rate higher Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph applies Graph appliesto all CDs. to all CDs. 1000 1000 Highest % college graduate: 4% 12% 84% than the citywide rate. Financial District, Greenwich Village-Soho

0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 500 500Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016 200020002000 0 0 40 40 80 80 120 PAGEPAGEPAGE120 1608 8 8 Non-fatalNon-fatalNon-fatal160 200 Assault Assault Assault200 Hospitalizations Hospitalizations Hospitalizations IncarcerationIncarcerationIncarceration 0 0 150015001500 6 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN EditEditEdit in in in Indesign. Indesign. Indesign. Graph Graph Graph applies applies applies to to to all all all CDs. CDs. CDs. 100010001000

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000 404040 808080 120120120 160160160 200200200 000 Social and Economic Conditions

Economic stress Living in high-poverty neighborhoods limits healthy options and makes it difficult to access quality health care and resources that promote health. In the Lower East Side and Chinatown, 18% of residents live in poverty, compared with 20% of NYC residents. Access to affordable housing and employment opportunities with fair wages and benefits are also closely associated with good health. The Lower East Side and Chinatown’s unemployment rate is similar to the citywide average of 9%. Rent burdened households pay more than 30% of their income for housing and may have difficulty affording food, clothing, transportation and health care. Forty-eight percent Lowerof East Side and Chinatown residents are rent burdened, a lower rate than residents citywide. One way to consider the effect of income on health is by comparing death rates among neighborhoods. “Avertable deaths” are those that could have been avoided if each neighborhood had the same death rate as the five wealthiest neighborhoods.Using this measure, 18% of deaths could have been averted in the Lower East Side and Chinatown.

ECONOMIC STRESS Lower East Side and Chinatown Manhattan NYC Lowest % Many of the factors that affect Poverty 18% 14% 20% 7% health happen (percent of residents) Upper East Side outside of a doctor’s office. Unemployment 8% 7% 9% 4% (percent of people ages 16 and older) This includes Upper East Side access to quality education, jobs Rent Burden 48% 45% 51% 37% (percent of renter-occupied homes) and safe spaces Park Slope and Carroll Gardens to live. Residents in high-poverty Note: Unemployment data may differ from rates presented in other published sources. See technical notes in the public use dataset neighborhoods for more details. often lack these Sources: Poverty: American Community Survey as augmented by NYC Opportunity, 2012-2016 (community district and NYC), 2016 (borough); Unemployment and Rent Burden: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016; Avertable deaths: resources. NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2011-2015

Is your neighborhood gentrifying? Gentrification transforms a low-income area into a high-income area through neighborhood redevelopment. It is often defined as changes in the racial and ethnic makeup, education level and average income of a neighborhood's residents, as well as changes in housing and commercial businesses. While development may be beneficial, it is often inequitable, and can lead to displacement of long-time residents and businesses.

Gentrification can be measured in many ways. One measure that is used in NYC is to determine if a low-income neighborhood (those with the lowest 40% of average household income in 1990) saw higher than median rent growth over the past 20 years. Based on this definition, of the 24 neighborhoods were considered low-income in 1990, and the Lower East Side and Chinatown is one of 17 neighborhoods that is gentrifying.

Source: NYU Furman Center, 2015

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 7 PAGE 2 PAGE 6

Black Population by race Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation 100.0 Latino 87.5 75.0 90 100 62.5 Other 50.0 36% 37.5 25% 30% Asian 25.0 7% 75 12.5 1% 2% White 0.0 60 Asian Black Latino White Other 50 Population by age 30 45.0 25 35% 25% 22.5 0 0 16% 13% 11%

0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+

Born outside US English pro ciency

Social and Economic Conditions

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Violence Compared with the citywide rate, the Lower East Side and Chinatown2000 has a lower rate of assault-related hospitalizations. PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration NON-FATAL ASSAULT HOSPITALIZATIONS (per 100,000 people) 1500 Hospitalizations 42 Lower East Side and Chinatown related to injuries fromEdit assaults in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 49 Manhattan 1000 capture the 59 NYC consequences 500 of community 8 Lowest: Bayside and Little Neck violence. 0 40 80 120 160 200 More healthy Less healthy 0 Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2012-2014

Incarceration Incarceration takes a toll on individuals, families and communities. Black and Latino New Yorkers experience higher policing compared with non-Latino White New Yorkers. This leads to higher rates of detention, which may include long periods of time spent in jail before trial. People who have been incarcerated are more likely to experience mental and physical health problems. They may also have trouble finding employment and housing and accessing healthy food.

JAIL INCARCERATION (per 100,000 adults ages 16 and older) 2000

449 425 NYC 407 71 Manhattan 0 Lowest: Upper East Side Lower East Side and Chinatown Source: NYC Department of Corrections, 2015-2016 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 ADULTS REPORTING THAT THEIR NEIGHBORS Helpful neighbors Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Strong social connections can have a positive impact AREneighbors WILLING are TO willing HELP to ONE help ANOTHER one another on the health of community members. Feeling that our (percent of adults) neighbors are willing to help each other is one aspect Lower East Side and Chinatown 66% of community connection. In the Lower East Side and Manhattan 70% Chinatown, 66% of residents think that their neighbors are willing to help one another. This is similar to the rest NYC 72% of the city. Highest: Tottenville and Great Kills 86% Preterm births

Less healthy More healthy

Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 8 COMMUNITY HEALTHHomes PROFILES with 2018: air LOWER conditioners EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN Pedestrian Injury 100 Teen births 80

0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes without maintenance defects

80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 60 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 department visits 10 0 300

Cockroaches 250 200

150

100

0 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 8 Housing and NeighborhoodPAGE 10 Conditions PAGE 11 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care neighbors are willing to help one another Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care neighbors are willing to help one another The environment we live in can make it easier or more difficult for New Yorkers to lead healthy lives.

Air conditioning Air pollution Most heat stroke deaths in NYC occur in homes Though air quality is improving in NYC in general,Preterm it varies by births without air conditioning. Nine out of 10 households community district. In the Lower East Side and Chinatown, Preterm births PAGE in8 the Lower East Side and Chinatown have working PAGE levels10 of the most harmful air pollutant, fine particulatePAGE 11 air conditioners. 0 20matter40 (PM2.5),60 are 8.9 80micrograms100 per cubic meter. Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care PAGE 9 AIR CONDITIONING 0 20 40 60 80 100 neighbors are willing to help one another PAGEAIR POLLUTION 9 Homes (percent with airof households) conditioners Pedestrian(micrograms Injury of fine particulate matter per cubic meter) 99% Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury 100 89% 93% 89% Teen births 100 80 More Teen births healthy 80 8.9 9.0 60 Lower East Side Manhattan 60 40 and Chinatown 7.5 Preterm births 40 NYC 20 Less 6.0 healthy 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Lowest: Lower East Manhattan NYC Highest: 0 Rockaway and Broad Channel PAGE 9Side and Tottenville and 0 20 40 60 80 100 Chinatown Great Kills HomesHomes without with air maintenance conditioners defects Pedestrian Injury 0 20 40 60 80 100 Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 HomesSource: NYC without DOHMH, Community maintenance Air Survey, 2016 defects 80 100 0 Teen births20 40 60 80 100 70 Housing quality 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 80 60 Every resident has the right to live in housing that is safe and70 pest-free. Poorly maintained housing is associated 50 60 with poor health outcomes, including worsened asthmaPAGE and 1260 other respiratory illnesses. In the Lower East SidePAGE 12 40 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 and Chinatown, only 36% of renter-occupied homes are adequately maintained by landlords – free from heating 30 Child Asthma40 emergency Childhood Obesity 20 20 breakdowns, cracks, holes, peeling paint and other defects.department 30Thirty-six visits percent of Lower East Side and Chinatown Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 10 households report seeing cockroaches, which is a potential 20asthma trigger. department visits 0 0 10 300 HOMES WITHOUT MAINTENANCE 0HOMES REPORTING COCKROACHES (percent of households) 300 CockroachesDEFECTS (percent of renter-occupied homes) 2500 20 40 60 80 100 Homes without maintenance defects 250 200 Cockroaches More 80 75% 0 20200 40 60 80 100 healthy 150 70 36% Lower East Side and Chinatown 60 150 100 50 48% 44% PAGE 12 PAGE 12 20% Manhattan 100 40 36% 50 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity50 NYC 20 department0 visits23% Less 0 10 20 40 60 80 100 0 healthy 0 00% 20 40 Lowest:60 Tottenville80 and Great 100Kills Lower East Manhattan NYC Highest: 300 Side and Tottenville and 250 CockroachesChinatown Great Kills Note: Maintenance defects include water leaks, cracks and holes, inadequate 200 Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 heating, presence of mice or rats, toilet breakdowns or peeling paint. Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 150

100 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 9 50

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Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care neighbors are willing to help one another Housing and Neighborhood Conditions

Preterm births Bicycle network coverage Pedestrian injury Thirty-seven percent of roads in the Lower East Lower East Side and Chinatown residents have a Side and Chinatown have bike lanes, which is similar pedestrian injury hospitalization rate compared PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE0 11 20 40 60 80 100 PAGEhigher 9than NYC overall. with NYC overall. Percent of adults who agree that their BikeBICYCLEHomes Lanes with NETWORK air conditioners COVERAGE Late orPEDESTRIANPedestrian no prenatal Injury care INJURY HOSPITALIZATIONS neighbors are willing to help one another (percent of streets with bike lanes) (per 100,000 people) 100 Teen births

80 37% Lower East Side and Chinatown 20 Lower East Side and Chinatown 60 29% Manhattan 21 Manhattan 40 NYC 23 NYC 20 10% Preterm births Highest: Crown Heights 0 45% and Prospect Heights 9 Lowest: Greenwich Village and Soho

0Less healthy20 40 60 80 More100 healthy 0More healthy20 40 60 80Less healthy100 PAGE 9 Homes without maintenance defects Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide 0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes with air conditioners 80Pedestrian Injury Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2012-2014 70 Access to bike lanes can make it easier and 100 60 safer to ride a bike more often. Teen births 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 80 40 Source: NYC Department of Transportation, 2017 60 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 department visits 40 10 0 20 Food environment 300 0 Bodegas are less likely to have healthy food options than SUPERMARKET TO BODEGA RATIO Cockroaches 250 supermarkets. The lowest ratio among NYC community For every one supermarket in the Lower East Side and Chinatown, 0districts20 is one 40supermarket60 for 80every three100 bodegas there200 are 18 bodegas. Homes without maintenance defects (healthier); the highest is one supermarket for every 150 18 57 bodegas (less healthy). The Lower East Side and 0 20 40 60 80 100 80 100 70 Chinatown is home to four of NYC’s farmers markets, 60 another source of healthy food. 50 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 departmentIt is easier visitsto make healthy choices when 10 healthy, affordable food is readily available. 1 0 300

Cockroaches 250 Supermarket Bodegas 200

150 Source: Farmers Markets: NYC DOHMH Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Tobacco Control, 2017; Supermarket to Bodega Ratio: New York State Department of 100 Agriculture and Markets, October 2016

0 0 20 40 60 80 100 10 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN Maternal and Child Health

Pregnancy outcomes In the Lower East Side and Chinatown, the rate of expectant mothers Access to quality health receiving late or no prenatal care is lower than the citywide rate. One in care is critical to a mother’s 12 births to Lower East Side and Chinatown residents is preterm (three health before, during and after or more weeks before the due date), lower than the citywide rate. pregnancy, and to the health of our littlest New Yorkers.

PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 LATE OR NO PRENATAL CARE Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes (percentLate or of nolive births)prenatal care neighbors are willing to help one another 4.9% PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 1.3% 5.0% 6.7% Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care neighbors are willing to help one another Lowest: Manhattan Lower East Side NYC Financial District and Chinatown PAGE 8 Source:Preterm NYCPAGE DOHMH, births 10 Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2015 PAGE 11 Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care neighbors are willing to help one another 0 20 40 60 80 100 PRETERMPreterm births BIRTHS PAGE 9 (percent of live births) 8.3% 8.7% Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury Preterm birth is 0 20 40 60 80 100 a key driver of 100 5.4% 8.2% PAGE 9 Teen births infant death. Homes80 with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury Lowest: PretermLower East Side births Manhattan NYC Greenpoint and Williamsburg and Chinatown 60 100 Source:Teen NYC births DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2015 40 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 20 PAGE 9 60 0 Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury 40 TEEN BIRTHS 20 0100 20 40 60 80 100 Teen pregnancy Teen births Homes without maintenance defects Teen pregnancy has declined across NYC; (per 1,000 females ages 15 to 19) 0 80 0the Lower East20 Side and40 Chinatown's60 teen 80 100 80 60 10.1 Lower East Side and Chinatown birth rate is 10.1 per 1,000 teen girls. 70 0 20 40 60 80 100 40 60Homes without maintenance defects 12.0 Manhattan 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 20 4080 0 20 40 60 80 100 NYC 3070 Child0 Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 19.3 2060 department visits 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 Lowest: Greenwich Village and Soho 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 1.0* 400 Homes300 without maintenance defects *Interpret estimate with caution due to small number of events. 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity department visits 0Source: NYC DOHMH,20 Bureau of Vital40 Statistics, 2013-201560 80 100 20Cockroaches 80250 10 70 0 200 60300 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 150 40250 Cockroaches Child Asthma emergency 30100 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE ANDChildhood CHINATOWN Obesity 11 20200 department visits 10 50 150 0 0 300 0 20 40 60 80 100 100 250 Cockroaches50 200 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 150

100

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Percent of adults who agree that their Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care neighbors are willing to help one another

Preterm births

0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury

100 Teen births 80

20 0 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11

Percent of adults who0 agreeMaternal20 that40 60their and80 Child100 HealthBike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Homes without maintenanceneighbors defects are willing to help one another 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 60 50 ChildhoodPAGE obesity 12 CHILDHOODPAGE 12 OBESITY (percent of public school children in grades K through 8) 40 One out of six Lower East Side and Chinatown Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 30 children in grades K through 8 has obesity. This 16% 16% 20% 5% 20 department visits Preterm births 10 is lower than the citywide rate of one in five. 0 300

Cockroaches 250 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 200 Lower East Side Manhattan NYC Lowest: Homes with air conditioners150 andPedestrian Chinatown Injury Financial District Source: NYC Department of Education, 2016-2017 100 100 Teen births

80 50

60 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 40 Children’s hospitalizations and emergency department visits 20 “Avoidable hospitalizations” are those that could be prevented with timely access to quality outpatient care. The rate of avoidable pediatric hospitalizations among children ages 4 and younger in the Lower East Side and Chinatown is 0 lower than the citywide rate.

0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes without Manymaintenance childhood asthma defectsemergency department visits could be prevented by reducing the presence of pests, mold, secondhand smoke and other asthma triggers, and by taking daily medication. The asthma emergency department 0 20 40 60 80 100 80 visit rate among children ages 5 to 17 in the Lower East Side and Chinatown is higher than the citywide rate. The TCNY 70 2020 goal is to have fewer than 210 asthma emergency department visits per 10,000 children across the entire city. 60 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 AVOIDABLE HOSPITALIZATIONS CHILD ASTHMA EMERGENCY 40 PAGE 12 PAGE 15 30 AMONG CHILDREN Child AsthmaDEPARTMENT emergency VISITS Childhood Obesity 20 (per 100,000 children ages 4 and younger) department(per 10,000 visitschildren ages 5 to 17) 10 Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu 0 among children 100 300 297 100 264 Lower East Side and 80 250 80 Cockroaches 411 Chinatown 223 200 60 60 Manhattan 488 150 40 40 100 623 NYC 20 20 50 28 118 Lowest: Borough Park 0 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Lower Manhattan NYC Lowest: 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 East Side and Financial 80 Chinatown District PAGE 13 HIV Self-ReportedSources: Avoidable Hospitalizations Health among Children: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2014; Child Asthma Emergency Department Visits: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2015 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

012 20 40 60 COMMUNITY80 HEALTH100 PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN

0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C 150

Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

0 300 600 900 1200 1500 0 PAGE 18 Falls Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5

CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to the right to mark points) Premature Death

Binge Drinking (use graph below to mark points) 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

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Healthy Living 0 0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 Self-reported health PAGEADULTS 13 REPORTING THEIR OWN HEALTHHIV AS "EXCELLENT," How residents feel about their own health Self-Reported"VERY GOOD" Health OR "GOOD" (percent of adults) can be a good measure of overall mental Lower East Side and Chinatown 70% Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. and physical health. Seventy percent of Manhattan 83% Lower East Side and Chinatown residents rank their health as “excellent,” “very good” NYC 78% or “good,” lower than the rest of NYC. The Highest: Upper West Side 93% TCNY 2020 goal for the city is at least 82%. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Less healthy More healthy Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 PAGE 14 Physical activity, diet and smoking PAGE 17 Seventy-seven percent of Lower East Side andAvoidable Chinatown Hospitalizations adults report getting any HEP C 150 physical activity in the past 30 days, similar to New Yorkers overall. The percentage of Federal guidelines Lower East Side and Chinatown adults who report eating at least one serving of fruits or recommend vegetables in the past day is similar to the citywide average of 87%. that adults get Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 150 minutes of Sugary drink consumption can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cavities, moderate exercise weight gain and obesity. Industry marketing can affect behavior and sugary drinks are each week. People heavily marketed to youth and communities of color. While sugary drink consumption has who are physically decreased to 23% in NYC, the TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce sugary drink consumption to active are more less than 19% citywide. Sixteen percent of Lower East Side and Chinatown adults drink at likely to live longer, 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 least one sugary drink a day. healthier lives.0 PAGE 18 The adult smoking rate in the Lower East SideFalls and Chinatown is higher than the rest of the borough and other parts of NYC. The City is committed to reducing the citywide adult smoking rate toPsychiatric 12% by 2020. hospitalizations Infant Mortality

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, DIET AND SMOKING (percent of adults) Lower East Side and Chinatown Manhattan NYC Highest %

Any physical activity in the past 30 days 77% 81% 73% 90% Financial District, Greenwich Village- Soho At least one serving of fruits or vegetables per day 0 88%500 1000 90%1500 2000 87%2500 0 10096%200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 Financial District, Greenwich Village- Soho Lower East Side CD NYC and Chinatown Manhattan NYC Lowest % Binge Drinking (use graph to the right to mark points) Premature One or more 12-ounce sugary drinks 16% 17% 23% 8% Death per day Financial District, Greenwich Village- Soho Current smokers 20% 13% 14% 8% Upper East Side Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 13 Binge Drinking (use graph below to mark points) 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children Health Care 100 100

80 80

60 60 Access to health care Citywide, the percentage of uninsured New Yorkers decreased in the last five years from Health insurance40 40 20% to 12%. In the Lower East Side and Chinatown, 11% of adults are uninsured and 8% can make it easier 20 20 report going without needed medical care in the past 12 months, similar to the rest of to get affordable primary care, NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to have less than 9% of New Yorkers going without needed 0 0 which can help medical care. 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 New Yorkers ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE (percent of adults) manage chronicPAGE 16 PAGE 13 80 Lower East Side conditions and HIV and Chinatown Manhattan Self-ReportedNYC HealthLowest % stay healthy.

Adults without 11% 9% 12% 3%* Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. health insurance Stuyvesant Town and Turtle Bay

Adults without 8% 10% 10% 3%* needed medical care Bayside and 0 20 Little40 Neck 60 80 100

*Interpret estimate with caution due to small sample size. Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 AVOIDABLE HOSPITALIZATIONS Avoidable hospitalizations Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C 150 “Avoidable hospitalizations” are those that could be AMONG ADULTS (per 100,000 adults) prevented if adults had access to quality primary care. Lower East Side and The rate of avoidable hospitalizations among adults in 1,207 Chinatown Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. the Lower East Side and Chinatown is higher than the 1,072 Manhattan citywide rate. 1,033 NYC

426 Lowest: Greenwich Village and Soho

Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 0 Planning300 and Research600 Cooperative900 System,1200 2014 1500 0 FALL-RELATED HOSPITALIZATIONS AMONG PAGE 18 Fall-related hospitalizations Falls The Lower East Side and Chinatown’s rate of fall- OLDER ADULTS (per 100,000 adults ages 65 and older) Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality related hospitalizations among adults ages 65 and older is higher than the citywide average. The TCNY 1,837 Lower East Side and Chinatown 2020 goal is fewer than 1,410 hospitalizations per 1,813 Manhattan 100,000 older adults citywide. 1,604 NYC

667 Lowest: Queens Village

Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 Planning500 and Research1000 Cooperative1500 System,2000 2012-20142500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY. CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to the right to mark points) Premature Death 14 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN

Binge Drinking (use graph below to mark points) 100 100 80 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 00 0 20 40 60 80 100 Health Care

Influenza (flu) and pneumonia are the third leading causes of death in NYC. Everyone ages 6 months and older should get the flu vaccine every year.

Vaccinations The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine protects against cancers caused by HPV. The vaccine is recommended for all children between the ages of 11 and 12. Sixty-eight percent of teens ages 13 to 17 in the Lower East Side and Chinatown receive all recommended doses of the HPV vaccine. Half of Lower East Side and Chinatown adults report getting a flu vaccine in the past 12 months, similar to the rest of NYC.

PAGE 12PAGE 12 PAGE 15PAGEHPV 15 VACCINATION FLU VACCINATION (percent of teens ages 13 to 17 who received all (percent of adults) AvoidableAvoidable hospitalizations hospitalizations HPV HPVrecommended doses of the vaccine) Flu Flu among childrenamong children 100 100 100 100 85% More More 80 80 80 80 68% healthy healthy 63% 59% 62% 60 60 60 60 50% 47% 43% 40 40 40 40

20 20 20 20 Less Less 0 0 healthy 0 0 healthy Lower East Manhattan NYC Highest: Lower East Manhattan NYC Highest: 0 100 200 0300 100400 200500 300600 400700 500800 600 700 800 Side and Hunts Point and Side and Upper West Side PAGE 16ChinatownPAGE 16 Longwood Chinatown PAGE 13PAGE 13 80 80 HIV Sources:HIV HPV Vaccination: NYC DOHMH, Citywide Immunization Registry, 2017; Flu Vaccination: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 Self-ReportedSelf-Reported Health Health Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph applies Graph toapplies all CDs. to all CDs.

0 0 20 20 40 40 60 60 80 80100 100

0 0 PAGE 14PAGE 14 PAGE 17PAGE 17 AvoidableAvoidable Hospitalizations Hospitalizations HEP C HEP150 C 150

Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph applies Graph toapplies all CDs. to all CDs.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 15

0 3000 600300 900600 1200900 15001200 1500 0 0 PAGE 18PAGE 18 Falls Falls PsychiatricPsychiatric hospitalizations hospitalizations Infant MortalityInfant Mortality

0 5000 1000500 15001000 20001500 25002000 2500 0 100 2000 300100400200500300600400700500800600 700 800 0 1 0 2 1 3 2 4 3 5 4 5

CD NYCCD NYC Binge DrinkingBinge Drinking (use graph (use to graph the right to the to markright topoints) mark points) PrematurePremature Death Death

Binge DrinkingBinge Drinking (use graph (use below graph to below mark topoints) mark points) 100 80 100 60 80 40 60 20 40 00 20 20 00 40 20 60 40 80 60 10080 100 Health Outcomes

Obesity, diabetes and hypertension The Lower East Side and Chinatown’s adult obesity rate is 10%, which is lower than the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce the obesity rate to less than 23% citywide. More than 700,000 adult New Yorkers have been told they have diabetes. An additional 164,000 are estimated to have diabetes but not be aware. Eleven percent of Lower East Side and Chinatown adults have been diagnosed with diabetes and 22% of adults have been told they have hypertension. The rate of diabetes in this community is similar to the NYC average, while the rate of hypertension is lower.

OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION (percent of adults) Lower East Side and Chinatown Manhattan NYC Lowest % Obesity can lead to diabetes, high Obesity 10% 15% 24% 4% Financial District, blood pressure Greenwich and other health Village- Soho conditions.

Diabetes 11% 8% 11% 3% Hypertension, Financial District, Greenwich also known as high Village- Soho blood pressure, is a leading risk factor Hypertension 22% 23% 28% 15% Financial District, for heart disease Greenwich and stroke. Village- Soho

Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 New HIV diagnoses Getting an HIV test is the first step to accessing treatment if you are positive or developing an HIV prevention strategy if you are negative.

NEW HIV DIAGNOSES (per 100,000 people)

28.5 Manhattan 24.0 15.2 NYC

0 Lower East Side and Chinatown Source: NYC DOHMH, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Registry, 2016 Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

16 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

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Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100 Health Outcomes 80 80

60 60 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 New hepatitis C reports 40 0 40 Hepatitis C is a virus that damages the liver. New Yorkers born between 1945 and 1965 and people who have ever injected 20 20 PAGE 18 drugs shouldFalls be tested because hepatitis C can be cured. Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality NEW HEPATITIS C REPORTS (per 100,000 people) 0 0

150 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health 64.3 77.5 Edit in Indesign.Manhattan Graph applies to all CDs. 71.8 NYC

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 Lower East Side and Chinatown Source: NYC DOHMH, Communicable Disease Surveillance Registry, 2016 0 CD NYC PAGE 14 Binge Drinking (use graph to thePAGE right 17 to mark points) Premature BingeAvoidable drinking Hospitalizations HEP C 150 Death Binge drinking is linked to high-risk behaviors and chronic health problems. The binge drinking rate in the Lower East Side and Chinatown is similar to the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce binge drinking to less than 17% citywide. Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. BINGE DRINKING 9% 17% 23% 25% (percent of adults)

Lowest: Bensonhurst NYC Lower East Side Manhattan and Chinatown Note: Binge drinking is defined as five or more drinks for men and four or more drinks for women on one occasion during the past 30 days. Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 0 Psychiatric hospitalizations PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALIZATIONS 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 Binge Drinking (use graph below to mark points) PAGE 18 The rateFalls of adult psychiatric hospitalization in the Lower (per 100,000 adults) East Side and Chinatown is similar to the citywide rate. Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality 632 Lower East Side and Chinatown High psychiatric hospitalization rates likely reflect the challenges residents in 750 Manhattan underresourced neighborhoods face, including 676 NYC difficulty accessing preventive services and early care, greater exposure to stressors and 223 Lowest: Woodside and Sunnyside interruptions in health insurance coverage. Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 Cooperative System, 2015

CD NYC Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For moreBinge information, Drinking visit nyc.gov/health (use graph and search to for the TCNY right. to mark points) Premature Death

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 17

Binge Drinking (use graph below to mark points) 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV PAGE 12 Self-Reported Health PAGE 15 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Health Outcomes 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 0 PAGE 18 0 20 Falls 40 60 80 100 Infant mortality Psychiatric hospitalizations InfantINFANT Mortality MORTALITY (per 1,000 live births) NYC’s infant mortality rate has declined in recent years. 0 PAGE 14 In the Lower East Side and Chinatown the infant mortality 3.0 Lower East Side and Chinatown PAGE 17 rate is lower than the citywide rate. The TCNY 2020 goal is Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C 150 a citywide rate of less than 4.4 per 1,000 live births. 3.4 Manhattan 4.4 NYC Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 0.8* Lowest: Upper East Side

*Interpret estimate with caution due to small number of events. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2013-2015

Premature death CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to the right to markCancer points) and heart disease are the leadingPremature causes of premature death (death before the age of 65) in the Lower East 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 0 Side and Chinatown, similar to the restDeath of NYC. Lower East Side and Chinatown residents die prematurely at a similar rate to residents citywide. Lung cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer are the three leading causes of cancer- PAGE 18 Falls related premature death in the Lower East Side and Chinatown. Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality NYC’s premature mortality rate (death before age 65) decreased 19% from 2006 to 2015. However, longstanding disparities persist. People living in high-poverty neighborhoods and Black New Yorkers are dying before age 65 at higher rates.

Binge Drinking (use graph below to mark points)TOP CAUSES OF PREMATURE DEATH 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 rate of death before age 65 per 100,000 people (number of deaths) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0Lower1 East2 Side3 4 5 Rank and Chinatown NYC Rank Overall rate 173.0CD 169.5NYC 52.2 46.2 Binge Drinking (use graph to the right to mark points) Cancer Premature 1 (421) 1 Death 29.4 32.9 Heart disease 2 (237) 2 12.9 9.4 Drug-related 3 (104) 3 8.4 5.9 HIV 4 (67) 6 7.3 5.1 Suicide 5 (57) 7

Binge Drinking (use graph below to mark points) Note: NYC rate includes premature deaths among100 NYC residents80 only60 and will differ40 from 20 other published00 sources.20 40 60 80 100 Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2011-2015

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

18 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN Notes

Neighborhood Definitions The 59 Community Districts (CDs) were established citywide by local law in 1975. For a complete listing of all CDs and their boundaries, visit communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. The CDs correspond to NYC Community Boards, which are local representative bodies. The names of neighborhoods within CDs are not officially designated. The names used in this document are not an exhaustive list of all known neighborhood names within this area.

Analyses For most data, 95% confidence intervals were calculated for CD, For a complete dataset borough and NYC estimates. If the confidence intervals did not overlap, including numbers, rates and a significant difference was inferred. This is a conservative measure of confidence intervals, as well statistical difference. For most population-level data, if a CD rate was as more technical notes on within 5% of the NYC estimate, the CD was considered similar to NYC, neighborhood definitions, otherwise the CD rate was considered higher or lower than the NYC analyses and data sources estimate. For Community Health Survey data, a t-test comparing the CD with complete citations, visit with the rest of NYC and the rest of the borough was conducted where nyc.gov/health and search for p-values ≤0.05 were considered an indication of statistical significance. Community Health Profiles or Report text highlights significant findings but does not include all visit on.nyc.gov/chp. significant results. Thepublic use dataset contains additional data.

Most estimates were evaluated for statistical stability. Estimates with a relative standard error (RSE) > 30% or with a small sample size or small numbers of events (≤ 10) are flagged as follows: “Interpret estimate with caution due to small number of events or small sample size.”

Acknowledgements Thank you to all the individuals who contributed to these reports: Loren Adams, Nellie Afshar, Tracy Agerton, Tejumadé Ajaiyeoba, Amaka Anekwe, Sonia Angell, Andrea Archer, Hannah Arnett, George Askew, Zinzi Bailey, María Baquero, Katherine Bartley, Gary Belkin, Oni Blackstock, Angelica Bocour, Sarah Braunstein, Shadi Chamany, Kuen (Iris) Cheng, Aldo Crossa, Gretchen Culp, Kisha Cummings, Sophia Day, Danielle De Souza, Regan Deming, MaryAnn Dogo-Isonagie, Christine Dominianni, Carlos Espada, Stephanie Evergreen, Shannon Farley, Stephanie Farquhar, Pauline Ferrante, Alison Frazzini, Lawrence Fung, Patrick Germain, Sasha Gibbel, Olivia Giordano, Sharon Greene, Sophia Greer, Danielle Gurr, Samson Hadush Mesfin, Myla Harrison, Fangtao He, Charisma Hooda, Seth Hostetter, Mary Huynh, Stephen Immerwahr, John Jasek, Jillian Jessup, Sarah Johnson, Kim Kessler, Kevin Konty, Hillary Kunins, Kathryn Lane, Marisa Langdon-Embry, Michael Larkin, Rachael Lazar, Carl Letamendi, Wenhui Li, Sungwoo Lim, Constance Lopez, Joseph Lormel, David Lucero, Nneka Lundy De La Cruz, Chantol Manning, Karen Aletha Maybank, Alejandra McDonough, Wendy Mckelvey, Katharine McVeigh, Aaron Mettey, Chris Miller, Caroline Mills, Tanicha Miranda, Brent Morita, Julia Morrill, Christina Norman, Carolyn Olson, Emiko Otsubo, Denise Paone, Vassiliki Papadouka, Sneha Patel, Sarah Perl, Parppim Pimmaratana, Roger Platt, Angeline Protacio, Lisa Ramadhar, Kathleen Reilly, Susan Resnick, Sojourner Rivers, Rebekkah Robbins, Subir Saha, Hannah Searing, Amber Levanon Seligson, Sophie Sharps, Tejinder Singh, Ariel Spira-Cohen, Catherine Stayton, Ying Sun, Cassiopeia Toner, Kadiatou Traore, Maryellen Tria, Tsu-Yu Tsao, Ellenie Tuazon, Rugile Tuskeviciute, Mary-Elizabeth Vachon, Gretchen Van Wye, Ashwin Vasan, Aishwarya Viswanath, Sarah Walters, Amy Wang, Jeannette Williams, Ricky Wong, Yihong Zhao, Jane Zucker and Kimberly Zweig.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: LOWER EAST SIDE AND CHINATOWN 19 Life Expectancy by Community District

The Lower East Side and Chinatown’s average life expectancy is one year longer than NYC overall. 82.2 75.1-79.6 years Life Expectancy

79.7-81.4 years

81.5-83.8 years

83.9-85.9 years

Unpopulated areas

Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2006-2015

Want more maps? Please visit nyc.gov and search for Community Health Profiles Atlas.

Contact information: For reports on the other 58 Community Districts, please visit nyc.gov and search for Community Health Profiles or email [email protected]. Copyright©2018 The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. The NYC Community Health Profiles feature information about 59 neighborhoods in NYC.

Suggested citation: Hinterland K, Naidoo M, King L, Lewin V, Myerson G, Noumbissi B, Woodward M, Gould LH, Gwynn RC, Barbot O, Bassett MT. Community Health Profiles 2018, Manhattan Community District 3: Lower East Side and Chinatown; 2018; 3(59):1-20.