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Printed Matter Paryavaranam: EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter Vol.8, No.2, 2014

ENVIS Centre on ISSN: 0974-2344 EDITORIAL Status of Environment & Related Issues for Vol.8, No.2, 2014 Medicinal plants have important contributions in the healthcare system of local communities as the main source of medicine for the majority of the rural population. The present study provides information on ethnomedicinal plants Paryavaranam used in the study area by local traditional healers. This issue also focus on the - Establishing Agro-Biodiversity Park in Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, E P T R I - E N V I S N e w s l e t t e r with an aim to promote, conserve native wild flora and faunal diversity of . This agro- biodiversity park has not only created awareness but also promoted scientific research and ecotourism. ENVIS Coordinator The ENVIS Centre on SoE & RI for Andhra Pradesh is a decentralized Environmental Information Centre established by the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Government of Earth Day

Volume-8 Issue-2 April - June 2014 Earth Day -- April 22nd - each year marks the anniversary of the birth of the modern environmental movement in 1970. The first official observance of Earth Day was on April 22nd, 1970, in the United States. On that day, 20 million Americans took to the streets, parks, and auditoriums to demonstrate for a healthy, sustainable environment. Earth Day founder Gaylord Nelson, then a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin, proposed the first nationwide environmental protest "to shake up the political establishment and force this issue onto the national agenda.”

International Day for Biological Diversity

The United Nations proclaimed May 22nd the International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues. When first created by the Second Committee of the UN General Assembly in late 1993, 29 December (the date of entry into force of the Convention of Biological Diversity), was designated The International Day for Biological Diversity. In December 2000, the UN General Assembly adopted 22nd May as IDB, to commemorate the adoption of the text of the Convention on 22 May 1992 by the Nairobi Final Act of the Conference for the Adoption of the Agreed Text of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

World Environment Day-2014 Theme: Raise Your Voice Not the Sea Level

World Environment Day (WED) was established by the United Nations General Assembly in June, 1972. It is a day when people focus on the environment and it is celebrated in over 100 countries. World Environment Day was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972 to mark the opening of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), also created in 1972, uses WED to stimulate awareness of the environment and enhance political attention and public action. World Environment Day is created to promote environmental issues to become active agents of sustainable and equitable development.

ENVIS TEAM CONTENT Page No. Dr. M. Suneela, ENVIS Coordinator Editorial 1 Mrs. M. Prashanthi, Sr. Program Officer Earth Day and World Environment Day 1 Mrs. M. Suneetha, Program Officer International Day for Biological Diversity 1 Mr. Md. Khader, Data Entry Operator Ethnomedicinal plants used by the Bagata Tribes 2 of Paderu Forest Division, AndhraPradesh, India ENVIS CENTRE ON STATUS OF ENVIRONMENT AND RELATED ISSUES Published by A photo feature on the habitat of the Baya Weaver 5 FOR ANDHRA PRADESH EPTRI, Hyderabad birds in Kondakarlaya ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING & RESEARCH INSTITUTE Supported by Preserve Erramatti Dibbalu 5 Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, A.P., India Conservation of Native Flora and Fauna of 6 Ph: +91-40-23180115, 23180104, Fax: +91-40-23180135 , New Delhi, India. Website - http://apenvis.nic.in: Agro-Biodiversity Park in ANGRAU 6 EPTRI Email : [email protected] / [email protected] 1 Paryavaranam: EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter Vol.8, No.2, 2014 Paryavaranam: EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter Vol.8, No.2, 2014 Ethnomedicinal plants used by the Bagata Tribes of Paderu Forest Division, Andhra Pradesh, India given mainly on intensive field work in selected tribal number of plants used for a particular aliment can K. Satyavathi, D. Sandhya Deepika and S. B. Padal – May 2014 habitations. Ethnobotanical data was collected possibly show the prevalence of the ailment in the (Published in International Journal of Advanced Research in Science & Technology) through questionnaires, household surveys, area. Various plant parts, such as roots (13 species), interviews and semi-structured questions. The data stem bark (7) leaves (3), flowers (1), seeds (3), whole Abstract Study area collection held for selected from both genders plant and rhizome each species used for the treatment Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted among the The study area includes the Paderu Division of in the division. The focus of the present study is to of the above ailments generally through oral ethnic group of Bagata tribes inhabited in Paderu District, Andhra Pradesh. Paderu record the ethnobotanical knowledge with special Division of , Andhra Pradesh Division is the higher altitude zone in the hilly tracts of reference to medicinal plants possessed by the tribal during 2013-2014. A total of 30 plant taxa belonging to of Andhra Pradesh. It has the second people. They represent the pockets of human gene 20 families pertaining to 26 genera were reported. All highest tribal population in Andhra Pradesh. Paderu pool and have distinct habitats and habits with ample the plant species need to be evaluated through o knowledge on the medicinal properties of plants. division lies between latitudes of 17°- 50' and 18 - 35' N phytochemical investigations to discover their Plants employed in material culture and plants and longitude of 82°- 17' and 83°- 01' E with a total potentiality as new drugs for better health. The present associated with folk songs, folk tales, worship, geographical area of 3,24,965 ha. Out of which the study reports a high degree novelty in the use, mode of mythology, taboos, magico-religious beliefs, forest area spreads over 104811.91 ha. It comprises a administration of plants among the Bagata tribes ceremonies, etc. were studied in addition to vernacular series of hills having an altitude ranging from 900 to reflecting the revival of interest in traditional medicine. names. Plant specimens were identified with the help 1680m. The area receives an average annual rainfall (14) From ancient times, people have made use of plants of 1800 mm and support a rich diversity of plant wealth. of Flora of the Presidency of Madras and e-floras. for their basic needs, sustenance, healthcare and The Paderu Division enjoys luxurious forest Figure1: Showing percentage of species used for Results and Discussion the treatment livelihood. The ethnic tribes depend predominantly on vegetation. The coffee and pepper plantations are in References plants for their food, clothing, housing, medicine, oil, Ananthagiri, Araku, Paderu, G. Madugula and The history of indigenous knowledge is as an old as the agricultural implements, crafts and a host of other Munchingiputtu mandals of this division. The study human race. This knowledge has always been very Garbyal, S.S., A. Grover, K.K. Agarwal and C. R. Babu. requirements. Some plants used by tribal people are area consists eight mandals i.e. Ananthagiri, Araku important for the people who generate it. It is a matter 2007. Traditional phytomedicinal knowledge of cultivated, while others grow in wild conditions. They valley, Dumbriguda, G. Madugula, , of survival for them. Many scientists, researchers and Bhotias of Dharchula in Pithorghar. Indian Journal of have some superstitious beliefs on some plants which Munchingputtu, Paderu and Pedabayalu. environmentalists all over the world are now striving to Traditional Knowledge 6(2): 360-364. were found to be tied/worn on the body parts to cure Bagata tribes explore, document and use the resource base various ailments. Plants are still the main source of knowledge for the welfare of the wider human race. Thurston, E.1909. Castes and Tribes of Southern The Bagata, also called Bhakta are a Scheduled Tribe medicines to majority of people. Reliance on traditional Documentation of traditional knowledge related to India. Govemment of . inhabiting the hill region of Visakhapatnam District. medicine is not only associated with the traditional plant resources is known as ethnobotany. Analysis of However, they are concentrated in the mountain valley Raghavaiah,V.1962. Andhra Pradesh Tribal Enquiry belief of its effectiveness but also on harmonious information presented in (Table 1) indicates that 1 of Paderu, Sujanakota, Karakapalli, Tajangi, Committee Report, Government of Andhra Pradesh, existence of spirit and matter . Paderu Division of Visakhapatnam District possesses Devarapalli and Peddavalasa which comprise two- Hyderabad. The efficacy of herbal medicines is believed to be rich knowledge about the plant resources around thirds of Visakhapatnam agency. Being expert archers, enhanced when they are prepared and administered th them. Anakiammal, E.K. 1954. The Scope and functions of the Bagata served the 17 century Golconda and by enchanting mantras and incantations. The A total of 30 angiosperm plant taxa belonging to 26 the reorganized Botanical Survey of India. Science Gangarajumadugula chieftains of Visakhapatnam anthropological studies on south Indian tribes have genera of 20 families have been identified and Agency as their army personnel. They showed so and Culture 20: 275-280. been carried out since the beginning of the 20th (2-4) recorded for ethnobotanical uses. Out of the 20 much devotion that they were recognized as their Naidu, M.T., N.C. Babu, O.A. Kumar & M. Venkaiah. century worked on ethnobotany and stressed its families, Papilionaceae and Caesalpiniaceae were the devotees or Bhaktas. The name 'Bhaktas' later importance. The earlier workers showed much interest dominated families with each of 4 species, followed by 2012. Herbal remedies for Rheumatoid arthritis used became Bagatas. In appreciation of their military on the plants used for food and culture than the plants Mimosaceae 3, Arecaceae and Asteraceae each of 2 by the tribes of district, Andhra Pradesh. services, the chieftains appointed them as local chiefs, (5-8) taxa and remains have single species of each. Out of Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 19(4): 303- used for medicines . Muttadars, of the hill tracts. Due to this shift in status, the total 30 flowering species, trees are 15, shrubs 4, 308. In recent years, many attempts were made to study the the Bagata claimed themselves as a warrior tribe, herbs 4, climbers 7 (including lianas, scramblers, medicinal plants used by various aboriginal tribes and expanded geographically, developed politically and twiners). The study showed that trees were dominating Sudhakar, S. & R.S. Rao. 1985. Medicinal plants of (9-11) other people in India, particularly in Eastern Ghats . acquired social supremacy in the tribal area over a time the forest. They are more utilizing in single form or in Upper East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India. th th So many Research Institutes and Universities showed span of about 50 years from the late 17 to early 18 combination with other plant species parts for the Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 7(2): 399 - much interest in the exploration study of Ethnobotany Century. treatment of 19 ailments like abortion, menstrual 406. in the Eastern Ghats. Visakhapatnam is one of the rich Materials and methods problems, wounds, snake bite, diabetes, headache, Sudhakar, A. & S. Vedavathy. 1999. Wild edible plants biodiversity centers and it is situated on the East Coast asthma, toothache, dysentery, diarrhoea, fever, chest of India. Paderu Division is the biggest Forest Division The approaches and methodologies for used by the tribals of Chittor District (Andhra Pradesh), ethnobotanical work, suggested by Jones(12) and pain, arthritis, earache, dandruff, fits, jaundice, of Visakhapatnam known as agency area, situated in India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany (13) rheumatism and fracture (Table.1). The maximum Chadwick and Marsh were followed. Emphasis was the hilly tracts of Eastern Ghats of India. 23(2): 321-329. 2 3 Paryavaranam: EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter Vol.8, No.2, 2014 Paryavaranam: EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter Vol.8, No.2, 2014

Venkaiah, M. 1998. Ethnobotany of some plants from season of the Baya Weavers is during the monsoons. , Andhra Pradesh. Flora and They nest in colonies typically of up to 20-30, close to Fauna 4: 90-92. the source of food, nesting material and water. Baya Weavers are best known for the elaborately woven Table: 1. Ethnomedicinal plants used by the Bagata tribes of Paderu Forest Division Babu, N. C., M. T. Naidu & M. Venkaiah. 2011. nests constructed by the males. Ethnomedicinal plants used by the tribes of Scientific Name Local Name Family Name Habit Part used Disease Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh. Annals of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2(1&2): 1-4. Abrus precatorius L. Guruvinda Papilionaceae Twiner Seeds Abortion Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Thuthurubenda Malvaceae Shrub Roots Menstrual disorders Naidu, M.T., N.C. Babu & M. Venkaiah. 2013. Ethnic remedies against snake bite from Kotia hills of Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd Tellatumma Mimosaceae Tree Stem bark Wounds Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Indian Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile Nallatumma Mimosaceae Tree Stem bark Snake bite Journal of Natural Products and Resources 4(2): 194- Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa Maredu Rutaceae Tree Leaf Diabetes 196. A baya weaver flying into its nest near Kondakarlava Arisaema tortuosum Dhammasaaru Araceae Herb Tubers Headache in Visakhapatnam. Monsoon is the breeding season Padal, S.B., P.P. Murty, D.S. Rao & M. Venkaiah. 2010. for these birds, whose nests are spotted in (Wall.) Schott clusters of colonies. Ethnobotanical Studies on Paderu Division, Balanites roxburghii Planch Gare Balanitaceae Tree Roots Asthma Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Source: July 18, 2014 The Hindu Barleria prionitis L. Mullagorinta Acanthaceae Shrub Roots Toothache Journal of Phytology 2(8):70-91. Bauhinia purpurea L. Kanchanam Caesalpiniaceae Tree Bark Dysentery Preserve Erramatti Dibbalu Gamble, J. S. & C. E. C. Fischer. 1915-1935. Flora of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. Are Caesalpiniaceae Tree Roots Diarrhoea The coastal red sand dunes or popularly known as Presidency of Madras, 3 Vols. Botanical Survey of Bauhinia vahlii Wight & Am. Addaku Caesalpiniaceae Liana Roots Dysentery Erramatti Dibbalu, near Bheemunipatnam, needs to be Fever India, . Bixa orellana L. Jabarukaya Bixaceae Tree Roots preserved for posterity as they contain a wealth of Bridelia retusa (L.) A.Juss. Koramanu Euphorbiaceae Tree Bark Chest pain Rao, B.T., B.B. Lakhmi, L.M. Rao, K. Ramaneswari & V. knowledge of the past, says Advisor to the Geo- Buchanania cochnchinensis Chinnamurli Anacardiaceae Tree Stem bark Diarrhoea (Lour) M.R. Almedia Hymavathi. 2000. Medicinal plants of Paderu forest Heritage Cell of INTACH and former professor of Butea superba Roxb. Teegamoduga Papilionaceae Liana Root Arthritis division in the Eastern Ghats of Visakhapatnam. Asian Geology, Andhra University, D. Rajasekhar . In Calamus rotang L. Pemu bethamu Arecaceae Scrambler Leaf Cough Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and tune with that, the GSI has declared it as Geo Heritage Capparis zeylanica L. Aridonda Capparidaceae Scrambler Root Earache Environmental Sciences. 5: 67-80 Site. Caryota urens L. Jeeluga Arecaceae Tree Seed Dandruff The unique natural formation was part of the Rajendran, A., N.R. Rao & A.N. Henry. 1997. Rare and Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. Iridi Papilionaceae Tree Bark Fever continuous evolution of the earth since millions of noteworthy plants of Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh Dalbergia sissoo DC. Sissoo Papilionaceae Tree Root Diarrhoea years. The site needs to be protected and conserved, with their ethnic uses. Ethnobotany 9: 39-43. Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Thurai Caesalpiniaceae Tree Root Asthma as it contains a wealth of information that dates back to Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Bandam Sapindaceae Shrub Leaf Fits Sudarsanam, G. & G.S. Prasad. 1995. Medical millions of years. Information regarding climatic shifts, Jacq. Ethnobotany of plants used as antidotes by Yanadi local tectonics and the rise and fall of the sea level. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Guntagalagara Asteraceae Herb Whole Jaundice Mant. plant tribes in . Journal of Herbs Spices and ,An in-depth study of the dunes can reveal when the Elephantopus scaber L. Nelamarri Asteraceae Herb Root Diarrhoea Medical Plants 3(1): 57-66. next glacial period would occur and what could the ecological and geological changes. Entada rheedii Spreng. Gilateega Mimosaceae Liana Seed Rheumatism Grewia tiliifolia Vahl. Tada Tiliaceae Tree Root Bone fracture A Photo feature on the Habitat of the Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R.Br. ex Sugandipala Apocynaceae Twiner Root Diarrhoea Baya Weaver Birds in Kondakarlava Schult. Vitex altissima L.f. Nemaliadugu Verbenaceae Tree Root Snake bite Colonies of nests of the tiny, gregarious bird called Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. Jeguru Lythraceae Shrub Bark Jaundice Baya Weaver or weaver bird are found during this time of the year at the sugarcane fields near Kondakarlava. Zingiber roseum (Roxb.) Roscoe Adaviallamu Zingiberaceae Herb Rhizome Arthritis The nests are typically built hanging over a height where predators cannot reach easily. The birds are widespread and common within their range but are A view of the red sand dunes near prone to local, seasonal movements mainly in Bhimili in Visakhapatnam district response to rain and food availability. The breeding Source: July 25, 2014 The Hindu 4 5 Paryavaranam: EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter Vol.8, No.2, 2014 Paryavaranam: EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter Vol.8, No.2, 2014

(9), Hesperiidae (2), Papilionidae (4). Reptiles (8 Conservation of Native Flora and Fauna of Agro-Biodiversity Park in from different locations of tank were collected and ANGRAU, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India analyzed for different parameters by following species): Snakes Python, Crait, Vipers, Indian Cobra M. A. Aariff Khan1, K. Prabhavathi, A. Krishna and V. Vasudeva Rao standard methods (AOAC, 1980). (Naja naja), Lizards and Chameleon. In the case with (Published in International Journal of Bio – resource and Stress Management) bird species, the number has been increased from 35 ResultsThe soil sampleand Discussion available in the agro-biodiversity park to 162 species within 4 years of duration. Besides, Abstract and promote scientific research for preserving the showed that most of the soil types were red gravelly to there are 11 types of mammals in the agro-biodiversity Deccan plateau region of India has its own uniqueness keystone species of ecosystem importance and sandy loams with shallow to medium deep soils and park. due to the presence of diversified geography and promote ecotourism which will act as cultural and few are black clay loamy deep soils that are near to the Cunculsion different ecosystems especially agriculture diversity. aesthetic centre for urban dwellers. water tank. Soils are neutral to alkaline in reaction Agro-biodiversity Park in Acharya N.G. Ranga However, it was over exploited by several Materials and Methods (6.54 to 8.69) and non-saline to medium saline in Agricultural University, Hyderabad is a unique ex- anthropogenic activities. With an aim to conserve the The Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University -1 situ conservation model that will promote and Deccan plateau biodiversity, Acharya N.G. Ranga nature (0.06 to1.87 dSm ). Organic carbon content (ANGRAU), Hyderabad is the first in India to establish was recorded low to high (0.45-1.2%). Regarding conserve the native flora and faunal diversity of Agricultural University, Hyderabad has established first Deccan plateau, Hyderabad region. In addition, it will Agri-biodiversity park (ABDP) in August 2008 in 60 ha nutrient status, it was found to be very low to medium in Agro-biodiversity Park in the year 2008 which is the first improve the micro climate, environment, vegetation of land with natural ecosystem. The site selected for terms of available N (125-326 kg ha-1), medium to very of its own kind in India. and soil biota as well as carbon sequestration. The agro-biodiversity park in ANGRAU campus is originally high P O (34.6-130.2 kg ha-1) and low to high K O (233- The park site is naturally spread with hillocks, boulders, 2 5 2 agro-biodiversity park will also be a model to create under jungle scrub, hillocks, rock structures, water -1 undulated terrain with sloppy lands covered diverse 782 kg ha ). It is well known that different plant species awareness, promote scientific research and bodies, undulating rocky terrain with different vegetation besides a natural water tank. In the initial promote different groups of soil biota, and that the ecotourism in the future. topography lands covered with different natural grown stage, the dangerous invasive alien species such as changes in below-ground organisms can feed back to tree species, shrubs, herbs, creepers and different Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camera and enhance the rate of vegetation change. Therefore, the grass species, etc. Out of 60 ha, 50% area is under References Prosopis juliflora present in the vicinity were removed. planting of different species into degraded soils might natural water tank. At initial stage, with minimum Subsequently, several block plantations were be used to promote soil biodiversity and function, 1. Aariff Khan, M.A., Kamalakar, J., Uma Devi, M., disturbance to the park, the exotic species such as developed with Teak and Mahua (70%) and forest thereby enhancing the rate of restoration (Aariff Khan Mani.A., Govardhan,, V., 2011. Soil properties and Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camera and Available nutrient status of Agro-biodiversity Park of mixed tree species (30%). Besides, separate generic et.al 2011; Kamalakar, 2011). Agro forestry practices Prosopis juliflora present in the vicinity were removed Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, blocks viz., palm and medicinal tree, mixed forest tree were followed by planting the tree species i.e., teak, as these suppress the native flora and faunal diversity. Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh, India. International gardens and Ficus species diversity block were also mahuva, ficus sps., palm, medicinal garden and other Whereas other natural trees such as Neem, Pongamia Journal of Tropical Agriculture 29(3-4), 217-225. developed. Of late, a rare, endemic, endangered and tree sps. sps., Jamun, Ficus sps., Banyan, Acacia, Dalbergia 2. AO AC,1980. Association of official Analytical globally threatened species Ceropegia was identified Creation of water harvesting sites inside the park area sissoo and Albizia lebbeck, Cassia sps were not chemists. Official and Tentative Methods of Analysis. in 2009. Since then, utmost care was taken for for all resident and migratory bio-creatures for disturbed. Washington, D.C. conservation in agro-biodiversity park. Water ponds promotion of faunal genetic resources had been taken Conservation steps followed for the study 3. Kamalakar, J., 2011. Characterization and and bodies were also created as a source of water for place. The faunal diversity present in agro-biodiversity Classification of Agri-biodiversity Park Soils of Acharya all resident and migratory bio-creatures for promotion Initially, the whole area boundaries were strengthened Park consists of insects 24 species belonging to the N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad. M.Sc of faunal genetic resources. At present, 24 species of to protect the young plants from grazing of cattle and orders of Dictyoptera (5), Hemiptera (4), Hymenoptera (Ag), other herbivorous animals. Rare and endemic species insects, 5 species of fish and 8 species of reptiles were (2) Coleoptera (13), Dragon files and Damselflies (10 4. Maarten vanginkel., 2010. Role of dry Land agro recorded. Out of 120 species of butterflies present in of the Deccan plateau have been identified and taken species) and Fish (5 species)-Osteoglossiformes (1), biodiversity in buffering adverse effects of climate the Andhra Pradesh, 56 were found in this park. care by proper watering, mulching and manuring. Heat Cypriniformes (3), Siluriformes (1). Regarding change. International Conference on Bio-diversity in sensitive species have taken care with proper water relation to Food and Human security in a warming Introduction butterflies present in the Andhra Pradesh State 56 management to combat with the high temperatures in were recorded in the Agro-biodiversity Park. Among planet, 10-11, Biodiversity is the key to sustain agricultural production summer. Dead and dried plants were removed and the 120 different species of butterflies consists of families 5. Srinivasulu, C., 2010. Biodiversity News of Andhra and productivity. The main objective of this paper is to gaps have been filled by planting Vetiver grass, (33 no.) Nymphalidae (23), Lycaenidae (5), Pieridae Pradesh. A News letter of Andhra Pradesh State restore and develop the existing dry land and wet land formation of counter bunds and stone dams to utilize Biodiversity Board 3(1) , 1-8 habitat to preserve and conserve the genetic resources monsoon rain water and to increase ground water of both flora and fauna, create a field gene bank for the From: recharge. Regular monitoring and removal of viz., ENVIS Coordinator To Printed Matter threatened land races and wild genetic resources of Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camara and ENVIS Centre on Status of Environment and Related Issues Sri...... millets, cereals, pulses, oilseed and fibre crops, create for Andhra Pradesh ...... Prosopis juliflora was taking place. different habitat types which will provide material for Environment Protection Training and Research Institute ...... Traditional varieties of Paddy (10), redgram (3) and (EPTRI) resident and migratory birds, mammals, reptiles, ...... groundnut (3) have been sown on the topography 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, A.P., India amphibians, insects etc., promote and create Ph : +91-040-23180115, 23180104 ...... basis. The available ground water in the water bodies, Pin :...... awareness on nature conservation through education Fax No.:+40-23180135, initial surface and sub-surface soils and water samples Website: http://apenvis.nic.in Email: [email protected]/[email protected] 6 7