• TAMPA, FLORIDA TRIBUNE m. 150,478 S. 164,063

Front Edif* 0 that, P.g. Pa :,,,:+91 1, 2 1964 Date: FEB 1.

There Are Other Ossenkos . Whether or not Yuri Ivanovich er notable examples are Igor Gou- Ossenko. Russian secret police zenko in Canada, 1947; Nikolay! staff officer who has sought Khokhlov, West Germany, Juri! asylum in the U.S., knows secrets Rastvorov, Japan, Peter Deriabin,' of Soviet nuclear weapons produc- Vienna, and Vadimir Petrov, Aus-: tion, as some Western sources spe- tralia, all in 1954; and Bogdon Sta. culate, his defection is a hard blow shinski, West Germany, in 1961. to Red intelligence. „CIA. Director Allen Dulles, in The idea that he may have in- his recent book, "The Craft of In- formation on atomic weapons telligence," noted that the prin- arises from the fact that Ossenko cipal value of such 'defectors was; was serving as security officer for that "one such intelligence 'volun-J the Red delegation at the Geneva teer' can literally paralyze the disarmament parley at the time of service he left behind for months his defection. to come" because of what he knows. Based on the previous pattern and tells of policies, plans, current. of Russian delegations to confer- 9perations and secret agents. ences in other countries, this meant That Ossenko's - value: to the that Ossenko was a highly trusted is even greater than simply agent detailed to keep close rein his knOwledge of Soviet nuclear. on the actual members of the dele- capabilities should be comforting' gation to ensure that they neither to all citizens of the U.S. It should; defected nor gave away any se- be especially comforting when crets. To remain as close to the weighed against these words alsol delegates as this necessitated, he found in Duties' book: could not have failed to overhear "Some of the most important ! a great deal about Soviet capa- ... defectors have so far chosen bilities in nuclear warfare. not to be 'surfaced' and for their . Even if he has picked up only own protection must remain un- : useless fragments of information known to the public." in this field, however, Ossenko's In other words, for every Os.; defection can be of tremendous senko of whom we learn there may help to the West. He is not the first be several more never disclosed--H KGB (security-intelligence agen- for their own protection and mix; cy) man to flee Communism; oth- intelligence security.

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• • • -• •', • ;-:. •••., ‘1. 0 o. 3.. .• ■:* .•••• - • •". ;;; ••••.:‘" 7 ff-7 • 7 -? • • - . • "", ••• . ■ .47:0;t.:sar.1 a zz the that the United Szn:.:s- by of • :he Soo.-let :it:is:les and Securily Forcz •....1:o se- on _it:bran:if:es. Llicsi. Si% iet l'reposal • T.:rider the latest Sovie.t pro-: t: :■•■ Nev 1:ork rIntel , the: Uaited States and tile. GENEVA, 7e1.1. 11 — The.; • • . - •:Soviet Union would retain on, United States said today that • . • 'their territory a ",•;ted but ur.-. the f-lovict Uttion was secking to• • -. specified ran:Aber f long-eauge! tip in its favor the "rough ta1.-1 • • •••• • los until the completion of! . . .• disarmament. :. • • • • • ance of destruction" between • • The destruction of all other; the two countries. .• • rockets in the first of the three; . NVilliam C. Foster, Ur.ited:.: • projected disarmament stages; States delegate, told the 1:-na-!. ' -.vould deprive the West of the: [ion disarmament conference: : • " submarine-based missiles on: that the bane "would be out -; waich it " come to rely more: tam: the Soviet Union seeras :AL": the ice.- ' uncle: a Soviet pro-: • Foster said. calling for the early dim- '• He said that 1.■rashir.- s■ r.tort cf missile-launching' • . • an for across-the-board' cuts; siihntarin-fs. •• in all m.a.jor arms categories by No reference was made at . :- A greed percentages was the the sesziou to the defection, an- •••.--....____ .-...... --__ __...... ,.. . "simplest, the fairest and the 1.7n:tut P:ess Int.a;:onAl : best way to assure that neither nounced in Washington yester-: Yuri L Nossenko at. the ( ?side' gains a !I:U.:Lary advaa- ;..a....." ,- 0• ....;._.•••■ . ..No---o z-a...... , • . - :----r--- ; 'le r% conference last; weeli. ..tage over t1;,e other" during the member of the zoviet deiegritum; • • f disarmament process...... - •.•.-ho clispppe:Ired a week ago. I : Mr. 'Fester welcomed as a Jr. Foster said outs .e the' the Soviet delegation, but %Va.-a- move :!in our direction". Mos- - conference room that he did ington described him as a staff :caw's assurance that it 7.Youiel: not thin% that the conference's officer in the Soviet security permit Mternational iaspectior.i of the retained missiles at their; v.-ork would be adversely affect-agency. . latinchintime, 11;r- ticads. zet.A Ithe sainet e.1 by Mr. Nasser:lies defec-! Some Western sources said d the Sovici.! n and request for Politicaltha.t the Soviet delegation was Union for ha.vintr failed to 7.1%'''! asylum in the United States. ,- probably more embarrassed ::::: ..;ty indication of what. inspe-e-: tt ;the revelation that Mr. Noe- Lion it would permit to check •Fpert.' Was Security Azt,: leo was a security ae-eat....1-1:y; for hiciden. missile; and pads. Mr. 1::o had beer. of- -. . . "' — • : ficially listed as an "expert" on

P. CERISTLA.N SCENCE I el 41, _.J MONITOR 1;3.1 - -T Z) L) o 0

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By Robert i. Brunn Vag CIrr.t.r,andva of until Feb. 4 Soviet official Tc ChriJiian Science Moni:o• nixie-zed Feh. 9 that Mr. Nos- 1Vasitington ;7enko had been missing for. The defection to the United five clay:. States of Yuri ivanovicl-LNos- Apnarently he skipped to J Cr:■ Pnris just when it was time „....—.i0." a staff officer of thteSo- for "-• • return to Moscow. I v:ez secret police working in t The Nosscnko case first; Geneva, opens up a hole in the surfaced in Geneva. The Swiss! intelligence defenses of Mos- ' • . .polic•e asked Interpel, the in- cow's police state. ternational police organizatiorn! American agents have begun to help the.:n trace the Soviet! an intensive probe of his char- operator, saying that he had, acter and his knowledge to see iiisappearcci. He was last seen! how wide the Societ security ; in a Geneva hotel. hole is. Apparently it is the Soviets This Interviewing, which who told the S..visa in Geneva ;. could take weeks, may turn up AzzociaLed . that Mr. Nossenko has a wife' leads to other information and Wirc photo and two children. ce.uld till out some empty spots Yuri I. Noenko Est en in the over-all Western intelli- Soviet defect';' pictured in .-Ave Functions gence structure. January at Geneva, parley. KGB can be best described Reasons Clouded • • by saying that it is an an:alga-I Request to Interpol All the United States will di- !motion of aspects of the United vulge is that Mr. Nossenko has Or iho:.• 'nave .:eon in contact States Central Intelligence asked for political asylum, that with Western e.peretors and •Agency, the Federal Bureau of he says he is a stall °Meer in feel tnat it is ne•cessary to de- :Investigation, and the Secret the KGB (the state security fect l.ceanse :heir espiono,,ee for Service. a forei2,r. may be on the Its principal function is in- .police), and has been missing verge of being uncovered. terrtal, nr domestic. security. for live days from the Soviet Indications now are that Mr. •- Afr. Nossenko belonged to a delegation to the Geneva dis- Ne,ssenko had ..:esponsible rank •widesprcad and powerful or-'' , ar:-..-.ament conference. in the disarmament mission ganization which does the fl- People who had met Mr. and served with the delegation lowing things: :Nossenko says he enjoyed the in 1961, too. He could well have Assesses the nation's (Non- . atmosphere of life in Western been exposed to Soviet strategy omy, science, and other tech-. !Europe. for the negotiations. Meal fields. Insures the loyalty What is not known to the of civilians and aspects of th4) press is just how high up in the The State Department says military, too. Watches foreign- Mr. Nossenko was assigned to ers. Combats foreign intelli- KGB apparatus he operated and. Geneva on temporary 'duty if he had access to valuable gence. Protects industrial co,n- material, either in terms of the munications and transportation. ;Soviet Government, its de- Guards the politicians. Guards ; fenses, or its espionage. the borders. Another facet of KGB's se- 'What was NOSSCrik0 curity mission, apparently, is' doing in Geneva? . to hunt down people who have' Che official close to United lied the Soviet Unien. intelligence operations KGB emerged after the says he could have been a se- breakup of the omnipresent: : eurity oalccr assigned to .Ge- and powerful NXIID under neve to spy on his own dis- Lavrenti P. Bcria. Premier armament mission, or on the Nikita S. Iihrushehev and his Western delegations, or on cohorts apnarently decided that ;both. never again should there be Why did Mr. Nossenko one single national security or- de :ect? ganization strong enough to This fact may never be pub- grab power from the politi- .1ici-ed. cians. Often defectors to the West from the Soviet Union are thoughtful people who are fed up with the dreary processes of the police state. NEW YORK "1\ HERALD TR.1317NT3

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• ' self as a KG3 starf officer and had askPc1 political asylum : this c.luntry. H3 '..eqr1:."51, presumably will be .granted. • He Fr. 4 from a hotel in Geneva. 1:::e day hefore he- ,i!as :My:" returned to Moscow.. He had bee in I:O, ostensibly as a rnemoer of the lier313 rad!otelephoto Nossenko sat at a Sov:et Z.-)tar'.1,7.rnr-nt Conference delegation. RELAXED AND IMPASSIVE, Yuri • :;:71als in Geneva did not report his absence Gerwva tiiiarntament session just days before he de- to :he SwiNa police until Sunday, and presumably were frvted and asked for asylum in the U. S. Is he a double Oiligently for hint in the interim. ag..nqt arid does hc have a bundle of top secrets for tlic There are hints here that Mr. Nossenko now is in a "safe house" France or West Germany or possibly the West? E.peculation is at fever pitch, but answers arc few. Unitcd States. being inte:rogated by American intelligence • • of:leers. A "safe house" is a residence or °Moe maintained By Torn Lambert • secretly at home or abroad by intelligence organizations Of The Hera:d Tribune Staff v.-here defectors or possible defectors are questioned with WASHINGTON. ' relative security. Sovi.t ;.GB agent Yuri ■215,aIko's defection to the Some sources here have suggested Mr. Nossenko de- United :ltazes apparently marks a major espionage coup fceted to the 'United States as a result of CIA efforts to persuade him to work against his country for the West. for --*---' rican intelligence. He has been described as fond of Western-style living. offIcial sources here refused to comment on The Nossenko defection marks the third known .kracrt- e Nes:::nko case. informed speculation was that the : can espior.age success over the Communists in the last two Russlan had brought over to this country a Years. The others involved Col. Oleg V. Penkovsky of the ,.vealth :op-secret information on. Soviet nuclear weaptr.s. Red Army. and Bulger:an diplomat I,:an-Asen Co -e defense plans. intelligence operations and disarmament Informed sources here pointed out Mr. Nossenko's 6 knowlede of Soviet espionage operations, some of tvlurlt. There 7..ere broad hints here that Mr. Nossenko has he should have known about as a -.KGB s.caff oficer. ben long-time double av•••• working secretly for Amer- ; be as valuable as any inform ation he ca....ad awa:h,. wen he disappeat-cd from Geneva. ican while holding down a responsible post COT- If h e kno ws about Soviet espionage operations. he atissia's top spy ar.d counter-spy agency. the could tell American oMcials the names of Russian spics in mittee for Scate Securi:y. or E.GB. various countries, their assignntenzs and methods of opera- wus believed his defeccion would cause Russia's ..e also cot. a tall how the Soviet counter-espionage espionage dIrectors some agonizing, hours and days. .tile system_ vorks. they tr,:td to call in all their sples known to M.r...:Nica_e!::::1 There was one report here yesterday that Mr. Nos- and :1'2 7.2C. all Soviet intelligence operations of which he senko had applied to the American Zrnbassy in Moscow had ltr.c•a•lczt.;e. • lit 1:60 for a 7.v.sa to come c this country in an engineering A ofncials would not talk publicly abont it exchaiss;e p:og:ain. The Stzte T--.P.partment cottici not con- a could not be learti:_d 7:here he is. why he :_rm the rewrt immclately.ci Anothc.• unconnrrned report said Mr. Nosenka 'was v:hat. if any. information he has disclosed. in Cusoa poly on a security mission. Mr. Na.:6crilto's dcfection was announced Monday ay• . . 3.ALT—'2‘101:T= SUN \'• ..ES 12 -

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• • • Case eszern dt:::ornats recalled tz.- 2...; rl • • day that had sen cociti-,'; parties - ••' rccepti;ns, usually standing GiF.NEVA, S..vitzerland, Feb. close to Ts:wapiti:1 and II :i.n.—Authoritativa sources , with hira. The diolomats at the disarmament conference scribed :lint as''a sinart dress said today that Yuri NossenIto : e oliked the Atnerican wa:,• forruer disarmernent ri ; Of %fa.' tr.erni;er who d e. fected from tone d:sarrnarrient con:erer,:e Ruzsia, is in a position to give met today, hut Nosse:tha ;vas the United States vital too see- "c dIse"sse`'.. Thc. ret In:orr.-..ation on the pi:o,ittc- can ze,gotiazor, C. Fos t,LI, Ruzzian ,,,vez;-„,_ ter, said he has oat talitcd %vith ons. Tsaraphin about :he ir.atter, The sources reported that the and added: -I don't 0:c.a.: to former member Cl disellss the Russian intelligence agen- Tsarapkin, taika::ve cy, C. B., used some of this with reporters in icor:lc:ors. and information la f, . lobbies, turned his back em re- pe.litical asylum In the United Pc:•"ers '''.:*•er• States. The information was de- questi"lh'In scribed as extrerae.ly important v;:'s -and valuable. r.art:-.I today la the 3;:ssi 1 pie. hut it was undotec:i... Believed in U. S. knov.n to mar.y at::zsions :rii The United States state de- listen to broadcasts th,.; parcnier,t said yesterday that ! of Arnerica. Nos.senko had defected and asked for American asylum. It is believed here that he is in the United States now. Nosser.ko arrived in Ctsnev=, • Jan. 19 ler an assignrnent the Russian dele-.mtion. to t'he 17-nation disarmament confer- ence. The I:ass:ails discovered he was tnissing from his hotel last Tuesday and asked police to look far him or. Sunda.„. •

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A)‘ Major Intelligence Coop ' Mr. Nossp'k was traced to the Swiss border br police who Defecting Red said he crossed into France on February 4. His defection could be the Seen Possible most important intelligence coup of recent years for the West. As a top security agency staffer, Mr. Nosenko is be- Don le- Agent lieved to possess considerable knowledge about the Russian By jErEllirsPauLZVT' spy apparatus and Soviet de- fense plans. Yuri I. Nossenko, the Russian Mr. Nossenko listed himself secret police official who defect- as an engineer when he went to ed to the West, made his first the American Embassy in Mos- contact with United States offi- cow to apply for a visa to come cials' in 1960 when he applied to the United States in 1960 in for a visa he never used. an exchange-program. It could The 36-year-old member of not be learned why he did not the Russian KGB (State Securi- mike the trip. ty Agency of the USSR) may have made the decision then to CIA Says Nothing go over to the West, informed 'he CIA declined all comment sources believe. on the reported defection and Mr. Nossenko, it was disclosed would neither confirm or deny yesterday by the State Depart- the State Department's disclo- ment, asked asylum in the Unit- sures. State Department Spokes- ed States after disappearing in man Richard /Philips also de- Geneva, Switzerl-anithere he clined to go beyond his terse was a member of the Soviet Del- statement that Mr. Nossenko egation to the disarmament had requested asylum. talks. Although the State De- Mr. Nossenko reportedly i partment would not say where married and has two children Mr. Nossenko is now, there was ' but the whereabouts of his some speculation he may al- family could not be determined! ready be in the United States. Swiss officials said Mr. Nosi There also was speculation senko had been living in a that he may have been a long- small Geneva hotel with about time double agent in the service 110 other Soviet delegation mem. of the United States while osten- bers. The day he disappeared sibly a Russian security agent. the other Russians packed theii . 1 The Russian had been as- belongings and moved to the de signed to the Soviet disarma- legation headquarters, he r ment delegation in the Swiss ported. city for the last 18 months. He First result of Mr. Nossenko disappeared. five days ago, a defection that was apparent fact first made public when the Western observers was dism Russians told the Swiss police and consternation among Sovi he was missing. The State De- bloc delegations at the 17-nati partment said he had been disarmament confergruzel secheduled for recall 34-Bussia Get* fa-7-4: Mm=day,41 • WASHINGTON STAR FEB 11 1964 TEX11 OF TSP.-RP= STATaarliT CH NCSEIDD Moscow TASS International Service in English 1240 GMT 12 February 1964--L

(Text) Geneva--Semen Tsarapkin, Soviet representative to the 18-Nation Disarmament Committee, made a statement on 12 February for the representatives of the Swiss and world press at the Palace of Nations.

The statement reads: On 10 February a representative of the U.S. State Department issued a statement alleging that Yu. Noseni:o, an empert at the Soviet delegation to the 13-Nation Disarmament Committee in Geneva, had asked for political asylum in the United States.

In connection with this statement I deem it necessary to inform newsmen about the following: Yuriy Ivanovich Nosenko, an exzert of the Soviet delegation, went to have his lunch on February, after a morning meeting of the committee, and disappeared. After4 discovering the :thoence of Nosenko, the Soviet representatives in Geneva end Bern repeatedly asked the Swiss authorities to take every necessary measure to find him. According to the assurances of the Swiss authorities, they allegedly _took proper :measures to establish the whereabcuts of - no reply to-theinouiries of Soviet representatives has been given:ny-However, the SNiSS authorities to this day. It is extremely surprising in this connection that, despite the seriousness of the situation, the Swiss authorities have displayed an obvious reluctance to provide effective assistance to the Soviet delegation in looking for Nosenko. What is more, if Nosenko is indeed in the hands of U.S. authorities, this can only mean that the from insuring the elementary security of participantsSwiss inauthorities, international far conferences, tolerate provocative activities by foreign inte11.4gence services on their territory.

The Soviet delegation expresSes the hope that the Swiss authorities will take all necessary measures and make use of tneir sovereign rights return Nosenko to his Place of work and his .family and children. CGts 'I NOTF-S s A VIEW .Crfa NCIST.:rig:0 CASE ■■•••••••••••■,-...4. • . Oggi in Italia (Clandestine) in Italian to Italy 193J-Ga -12 Fetrruari- is\-ar2-7 7) Soviet disarmament delegate • Tsar?._pkin issued- a statement in Genevac todzy criticizing the Swiss authorities. =or their- lack of oor;:eraiion U searching _for a missipg -Trezbe.T..-of ■ the de:Legation,. Yuriy Nosenko. - "Geneva-poi-it-Teal. stress the 1,- circles feel that msaa--ekin wished to .‘ossibility that iTosenko was the victim of action by -foreign, agenta, and that he may still be on Swiss territory, locked Up in some U.S. consulate." -orobablY rl •

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Comrade Nossenko Defects An international mystery was solved yester- day when the State Department announced that the missing member of the Soviet disarmament delegation at Geneva, Yuri Nossenko, has re-* quested political asylum in this Country. Far from being an expert on disarmament, the State Department reports that Mr. Nossenko has identified himself as a staff member of the • K.G.B., the State Security Committee or Soviet secret police. • As usual in such cases, many questions imme- diately arise. What was a secret policeman doing on the disarmament delegation? Was he the security man .guarding against.the defection or the loose, talk of • others? Was his nominal positiOn merely a- blind for espionage activities liavng nothing to do with disarmament at all? ' • Why did he defect? Did direct experience with the West disillusion him about Soviet life and Soviet propaganda, or did he leave merely for . personal reasons that have nothing to do with ideology or economics? Is his defection a coup ' for the Central Intelligence Agency? Is it related to the recent Penkovsky case, which suggested that Western intelligence may have been more successful against Soviet officialdom than is usually assumed? Whether or not we learn the answers to these and related questions soon, the Nossenko case_ should be looked at with some perspective. Thy secret war between the intelligence services of the great powers goes on all the time. Both sides score victories and suffer defeats. Fascinating • as the occasional public glimpses of that conflict are, they do not usually affect the basic prob- lems of international relations.. . Mr. Nossenko's defection ought not become a pretext for the U.S.S.R. to break up the Geneva disarmament conference. The laconic nature of yesterday's State Department announcement suggests that Washington is aware of this danger. and understands that progress toward disarmame.nt is more important than an effort to get maximum propaganda advantage out of a single incident in the endless secret intelligence war.

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that it resulted in a...wide Soviet Secret Police A. • tirMi-Of top Soviet military re; He added that the Russian' commands and of Soviet secur- had _requested Units1`'t"Itts asylum before last Wednesday. Requests Asylum in .S . ity and espionage apparatus. However, Mr. Phillips refused. It was not considered here to say precisely when Mr. Nos- that Mr. Nossenko senko made his request. when he quite as valuable aswas Colonel a prize first contacted United States Washington Discloses That the Missing Penkovsky, but officials- said officials and whether he was in. privately that "obviously" he this country. Man on Russian Delegation to Talks was of "high importance" be- Informed sources here specu- cause of theri he held. lated that Mr. Nossenko decided Richard / hillios, to defect to avoid returning to 4 in Geneva Is a Defector -4State De- partnierit -press officer, said Moscow. possibly because he that Mr. Nossenko had identi- might have feared that his ac- fied himself as a "staff officer" tivities had been or would be By TAD SZULC of the K.G.B. (Committee of discovered. Special to The New York Times State Security) permanently at- It was believed that Mr. Nos-1 WASHINGTON, Feb. 10—A. of the most important recent tached to its Moscow headquar- senko left the Rex Hotel in Ge- ranking staff officer of the ters but on a temporary assign- neva, where he was staying.l triumphs of United States in- Soviet secret police who de- ment in Geneva. sst Tuesday. This wa.s fected in Geneva has requested telligence services. Apparently The K.G.B., responsible to the o by: yesterday's borne: me . by the Soviet delegirsiqn1.annviinee-; political asylum in the United they have gained from him Soviet Council of Ministers: is knowledge about the operations- headed by 38-year-old Vladimir that had been missing since, States. Y..(4emichastny:k It performs The defection last Tuesday of the Soviet secret police and ma nly internal Security func- by Yuri I. Nossenko was dis- possibly about Soviet defense tions, but these include activi- ties in Soviet embassies. dele- ithers„ It was thought.„that he closed in a terse announcement planning. then ''...trossed the bordee, to Should this be the case, it gations and other missions today by the State Department. abroad' United States experts France a' was taken to Paris.- There were indications that he was said here, the Nossenko believe that. inevitably. the Mr. Nossenko was reported might have acted for some time affair may be the most signifi- K.G.B. is linked abroad with So- to have left a wife and two , as a United States agent. cant known coup by the Central viet intelligenda - gathering ac- 'children in Moscow. Persons ac-, Intelligence Itivities. %\. The 36-year-old Mr. Nossen- ency since Lieut. ;quainted with him, described Col. Oleg V. Penkovsky It was the kt.G.B. that in co was serving as an "expert" 4.a So- Nov. 1962, arrestcri Colonel Pen- him as an admirer of the West with the Soviet delegation to viet- —offici with access to , kovsky. and Greville M. Wynne, !European way of life. closely guarded military secrets, It was not known here wheth- he 17-nation disarmament con- his alleged British contact. er Mr. Nossenko ha spied for the West. His activi- erenee in Geneva. Though he Seventh on List } tary Rank. But mill- ties were discovered by the viet affairs said experthat, tjudging inin So- tefected last Tuesday, it was sians Rus- • Mr. Nossenko was listed as a ally yesterday that the Soviet in 1962. "disarmament expert" in Gen- from his job, he might be a Colonel Penkovsky was ex- eva. but Soviet sources also de- lieutenant colonel. However. it :elegation made it known that ecuted in May, 1963, but the in- :was pointed out, other high e bad been "missing" for five scribed him as a member of the :K.G.B. officials, including formation he proviimis....to_the legal department of the Soviet Ws. United States and Britain for Foreign Ministry. He appeared Semichastny, are civilians. Mr. ffiv,,,Nosserilco_case _was_sler 17 months was of such value seventh on the list of the dele- gation to the disarmament con- K.G.B.'s Duties Numerous • ference. The chief -Soviet dele- gate is Semyon Ktsarapkin. The K.G.B, is responsible for It was underst od that Mr. the collection of intelligence Nossenko arrived in Geneva last abroad, for counterintelligence ' Jan. 20, when the disarmament within the Soviet Union. for commission reconvened there. guarding against internal sub- But informants said that he version and for detecting major economic crs•.1 had served with the Soviet del- --.. -f-,L.rai as smug- egation during 1962, which was ; gling, currency speculation, and the time of the Penkovsky af- embezzlement. .11 fair, There was active specula- tion here that Mr. Nossenko might have established in those days his first contacts with United States operatives. Mr. Phillips quoted Mr. Nos- senko as having said that his temporaryatriir ileneva ' this year was to end last Tues- day. The agency is believed to ern-; ploy t of thousanc,-1 lificnce ; p . has agents in every corn-; jofficer 'In- Vienna. and ! Imunity of significant size with- Nik.----iatinoithlov, Oho bagl„..b5: ;in the Soviet Union as well sent frim Moscow to West Ger- in many important - cities;as , many with instructions to mur- throughout the rest of thel der anti-Soviet emigre leaders. • Defections, however, have not !world. ,( i The network of agents is con-Iic been all a one way street; some .I !trolled by a series of main di-; Western figures have de7rted . !rectorates for each of the or to the Soviet UI ion. gess,c r Guy f ; iganization's main functions and Lt onald Macleamc and '. Harold Philby, e !these are supported by special-,. lected to Mos- , ized groups concerned with 4' cow after hiving served with ' tasks as various as communica- the British Foreign Office. tions, forging passports. pro-1:1 The 1960 defection pf two Americans, VritraVM viding special weapons. guard -1-1.,Martini ing the Kremlin, training, and-t. and Bernon FiNtitchell., corn- I even for arranging pensions for, promised somE of the graphic and code activitiesc?ypto- of t eNtrly employes. A specizl sec-:( the National Security Agency •tiork‘ as\fc rranges political muiiiersl! abroac. where they had Worked. K.G. . agents outside the So?-i

viet U,Rion may be Soviet citi- zens/posing as diplomat:\ respondents cor- , trade off. cials, Guests or the like. The K\G.B. also employs foreign nationals in its espionage networks. Some K.C.B. agents abroad are Soviet 'citizens masquerading under false identities and claiming false nationality. Many Agents Defected Much of the West's informa- tion about the K.G.B. has come from Soviet and East European intelligence agents who defect- ed before Mr. Nossenko. Such defections have .in the past decadesbeen ofnumerous Soviet history. 'Perhaps the most celebrated !Soviet defector since World War II was Igo GouzenkoX the . code clerk in bassy in Canada, ewhose Spviet revela- Em- • tions helped uncover an inter- national ring of Soviet spies that had substantial success in gaining Western atomic secrets during and after World War II. A rash of important defec- ions took place in the first rears after Stalin's death, par- lcularly after the purge of the ' ate Lavrenti P. Berta, who had or many years supervised So- let internal and foreign secret olice and intelligence net- rorks. Among the key defectors in its period, were Vladimir !trovssoviet intelligene6'chief Austria. Yuri fRastvorovan telligence oifficer stationed in pan, Pyotr/Deryabirt7tan intel- ■ • 3•• PA • • v v 1lJj' I. AND FEB ' 1 1964 TRIES HERALD

.,,• "ithssino" Russian kgei Refzuests U.S. Asylum

• By Richard Reston The Loa Anzeles Times • The State Department announced yesterday that a. Soviet Secret Police officer who was in Geneva as a member of the Russian team of disarmament negotia- tors has appealed for political asylum in this country. Officials here were reluctant' to talk about the case, but ap- to his scheduled Feb. 5 depar- parcntly.considered the defec- ture for Moscow. • tion of 't uri a 36- The KGB is the Russian year-old senior staff member Committee for State Security. with the KGB, a Soviet intelli- The agency reports directly to the Council of Ministers, and gence agency, of major. im- in this country would be com- portance. parable to a combination of Although a tight security lid CIA and the FBI. was on at both the•State De- Whereabouts Secret partment and Central Intelli- Neither the State Depart.; gence Agency, it was under- ment nor the CIA would com- stood that Nossenko had made ment on where Nossenko was contact and was in the hands being questioned. Normally, this questioning of American security agents, period might last anywhere possibly in West Germany., from a few days to several A brief State Department !weeks, after which Nossenko *announcement said Nossenk9 • - - - was attached for the past 13 • months to the Russian delega-. tion at the 17-nation Geneva probably would be granted >. 3 Disarmament Conference. Nos- asylum in the United States. . senko's disappearance from The importance of the KGB. Geneva came last Tuesday, in intelligence and counter- one day before his scheduled intelligence work both inside return to the Soviet Union. and outside the Soviet Union Bombshell to Delegates, indicates the significance of the information Nossenko Reports reaching here indi• could turn' over to this coun- cated that Nossenko's defec- try. tion to the West had caused There was no explanation considerable concern in Rus- of why the Russians • 't d sian circles at Geneva. It was from Tuesday until Sunday to believed that Nossenko, as a ask Interpol, the international member of the disarmament police organization, to trace team, had been briefed fully the whereabouts of the miss- on Russian tactics at the par- ing Soviet agent. ley. It was also thought that i••■•■•••■■■■••.••••••ovj French Travel Valid he knew a great deal about Associated Press the broad and important ques- Geneva police sources indi- tions of Soviet defense strat- cated that Nossenko had Russian Defects egy. crossed the border into France State Department press offi- last Tuesday. His diplomatic Yuri I. :Fossenko, 36, an of- • .cer Richard I. Phillips gave ,passport was valid for travel ficer in the top Soviet se- • this account: "According to his ;there. curity agency, the KGB, has •statements to us, he is a staff One report suggested the requested political asylum officer of the KBG and until Russian had flown early last Feb. 4 he was assigned to week to Paris, but neither In the United States, the Geneva on temporary duty Swissair nor the French pollee, State Department said yes- from KGB headquarters in could confirm this. It would terday. Above picture was Moscow." be relatively easy for a defec- taken at last month's re- Phillips added that Nos- tor to slip into France since sumption of the 13-nation senko had asked for political ;Geneva is near the French disarmament conference in- asylum in this country prior 'border. Geneva, Switzerland. • ‘0 .L J. 1.71.14

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n . t A Pm u •• d 0 ... _ ..._ .. .. . GENEVA, Feb. 11 (UPD—Soviet they said he used in bargaining made in Geneva or elsewhere, Nosenko, a handsome, dark- defector Yuri Nosenko is be- for political asylum in the U. S. possibly before Nosenko's de- haired man with a liking for • lieved to possess in- The 36-year-old Russian came parture from Moscow. Western ways, had been as- • formation on Soviet nuclear signed to Geneva on a tempo- .. weapons production, authorita- to Geneva Jan. 19, two days be- OFFICIALS MUM tive sources said today. fore the conference resumed Nosenko's defection intrigued ; rary basis from KGB he'ad- after a long lay-off. He traveled 1 querters in Moscow. He dropped He also has information on and surprised conference dele- from Moscow with chief Soviet I from sight a day before he was • Soviet strategy at the 17-nation gates; but the affair was not be- . disarmament negotiator Semyon to have returned to Russia. The • disarmament conference in Ge- ing officially discussed. I K. Tsarapkin and other officials. U. S. chief delegate William C. State Department would not say neva and possibly on Russian • where he is now. defense plans as well, confer- WAITED 5 DAYS Foster told United Press Inter- ence sources said. The Soviet delegation dis- national today he has not dis- LONG-PLANNED covered he was missing from cussed the matter with Tsar*• kin, and "I don't expect to." Noser.ko's defection was his hotel on Feb. 4.and five days planned for a long time ,the • later asked Geneva police to It is considered unlikely sources said. search for him. Tsarapkin will bring up the sub- ject. He refused today to talk As an officer in the Soviet The State Department yester- day announced to newsmen about IL ite security service and a that he had asked for political asylum and KGB OFFICER .-.ember of the Russian delega- • Nosenko was said to be a staff • tion to the conference, the that contact with him had been director of KGB, the all-purpose • sources said. N:,ser.ko was able made before his disappearance. I Russian intelligence and security to obtain vital Information which There were no indications as ' to whether this contact was agency.

- 4)- Russians in Geneva Fear Expert on Arms Defected

. By Tbe.Assocfated Press GENEVA, Monday, Feb. 10—Soviet officials said today that a member of • the Soviet delegation at the 17-nation disarmament conference disappeared last Tuesday and may ' have defected to the West: •- • - • - He was Yuri Nossenko, 36 r may • years old. have defected". Excep- tional activity in the Soviet The chief Soviet' disarmament delegation headquarters negotiator, Semyon K. Tsarap- throughout the weekend and kin, formally notified the chief late last night—seemed to re- ' of police of Geneva, .Andre Ley- fleet the concern of Mr. Tsar- apkin and his staff over Mr. • vraz, Saturday of Mr. Nossen- Nossenko's disappearance. ko's disappearance. . The Soviet delega dolt spokes- Swiss plainclothes men inter- man said Mr. Nossenko was in roe'ated employes at the hotel . Geneva without family but gavel where Mr. Nossenko had stayed no other information on the expert's backgrounc:. and searched his belongings Mr. Nossenko came here for over the weekend, apparently the first time Jan. 20 for the ',without finding any clue to his resumption of the conference whereabouts. following a five-month recess. He was not a member of the (An East German girl to- Soviet delegation at previous bogganist in the Winter sessions. ' Olympics in Austria defect- Apparently, Mr. Nossenko ed to West Germany, The was not .1;1 sufficiently highs Associated Press reported rank for Western delegates to have noticed his absence. It ■•• from Innsbruck. Also- 13 could not be learned whether East European -spectators. he was present at the confer- were reported to have fled . ence meeting Tuesday morning, to the West during the a few hours before his disap- . pearance. ' games, which ended Sunday.] Western delegation officials ••'s Official documents of the declined to comment but stressed disarmament conference listed • that they knew nothing of Mr. ' Mr. Nossenko simply as an "ex- Nossenko's disappearance until pert." He probably had access it was reported by Geneva police. to highly secret material even The authorities her and in Bern, the capital, said that they \\t \ he never appeared in the con- had received no request from t ference room. the man for political asylum in \Icf \‘'.1 A Soviet elegation source Switzerland. said "we do ilot believe he has It seemed likely that if Mr. ' t lossenk% did, in fact, defect to 'met, with an t.ccident and it is 'he West, beginning to i ok as though he • would spiritWestern such a valuableagen&es D 1131 i Continued on Page 4, Column 1 prize; as discreetly out of'sight as as possible quickly andand ' would try to avoid the inevita- ble publicity connected with the granting of political asylum in neutral Switzerland. I I I • • • ••• rr_o 1 IJo4 • 1-rETZ.ALD Tr.1.7)*JrNTV. rc •

4--. I, „ KGB kuincica Gelle'i, /. ,..)pv War A. .0' By Torn Lambert Of The Trtbutze Ste,/ WASHINGTON. An apparent American victory in the shadowy Bast- West espionage war was disclosed yesterday when the State . Department announced that a staff officer of the Soviet Union's top security agency has defected to the U. S. Yuri I. Nossenko, 36. self-identified as a staff member of th," Soviet E and Counter-Espionage Committee for State Security (KGB) and regarded here as "a very • important person," has asked for political .asylum, a State. Department spokesman said. His request will presumably.: be granted. Mr. Nossenko arrived in Geneva Jan. 20—ostensibly as a legal expert with the Soviet delegation to the 17-nations disarmament talks. He disappeared from the Rex Hotel on *Geneva's Avenue Wendt last Tuesday, the day before he was to have returned to Moscow. There are broad hints that U. S. Central Intelligence .operatives persuaded him to defect. Neither State Department nor CIA officials would • -disclose Mr. Nossenko's reason for defecting or his present whereabouts. There were varying and unconfirmed reports that he is in Paris or West Germany. He is undoubtedly being Interrogated by American intelligence officers. • One London source said Mr. Nossenko was linked with the 1962-'63 Penkovsky espionage case in Moscow, but that .report could not be confirmed here immediately. Col. Oleg V. Penkovsky of the Soviet Maly was arrested -- by Russian agents in .October, 1962, and tried in Moscow 'last year on charges of having spied over a period of 17 months for the U. S. and Britain. He a.ws found guilty, • • sentenced to death and later reported executed. The U. S. and British denied complicity in the Pen- •kovsky case, but informed sources have hinted that it was - a major coup for American and British intelligence. At the • time of his arrest, Penkovsky was serving as deputy head of the Foreign Department of the State Committee for the Co-ordination of Scientific Research. . • If Mr. Nossenko is a KGB staff officer, as he claims, he might know some or all of the ramifications of the Penkov- sky affair, to say nothing of the details of the KGB's espionage and counter-espionage operations. Such informa- tion could be extremely valuable for the U. S. and its allies. . In announcing Mr. Nossenko's defection, State Depart- ment press officer Richard I. Phillips said the Russians has told American authorities "he is a staff member of the KGB (and that) he was assigned to Geneva on temporary duty from KGB headquarters in Moscow." KGB headquarters is a gray stone former insurance company office building in Moscow's downtown Dzherzhin- sky Square. Mr. Nossenko, said to be married and the father of two children, reportedly enjoyed European life and some of its accoutrements, such as Western-style clothing. • According to reports received here. Mr. Nossenko was billeted in Geneva with nine other Soviet delegation mem- 'bers in the Re :clime!. When he disappeared, the other nine Russians were hastily moved to Soviet delegation •headquarters. There were unconfirmed reports from Geneva that Nossenko had slipped over the Swiss border into 'France. Preach police, however, denied any knowledge of him. Soviet delegation leaders in Geneva did not report his disappearance until Sunday, when they asked the Swiss police to try to locate him.

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.7 7 TT • •I ; -.• • 0 Washington. Fel). 10 (NF.ws Bureau) —The Department revealed today the defection to the United States of a "fairly high-ranking" officer of the Soviet- secret police. He was reported tonight to be talking freely with Western intelligence officers. • Officials identified the cetector as Yuri Ivanovich 36, 1 ed that the Russian was 1).-ing a member of the Soviet delef_ration 1under.mde case fo;r1;;; to the Geneva disarmament COn- ! ^e own safety and that he has been Amdit He 's an Expert coopez-ating fully during an ex- - Time Russian ciele4;ttion d:3-! ;ended interr:gation. closed yesterday that Nossenko ; Because .No n hadad been ser.ig on a I disappeare.d six days ago. mission in rem at Switzerland, officials v.-i:11 1 They ad mitted he was an "ex- ; whom he has I■eert dealing- were pert." What they did not announce ; in a partiularlyc delicate spot.' They are isistinn •-• or more se- v.-as that he was a staff officer of crecy than normai:y would be the the XGB, the current tiesignation e. of the Russian secur:typ,iice. ; c as The XGE is charged with inai”.- tenance of internal security. ex- ternal intelligence ariairs, and the F net-vision of security for the GP.U. Soviet miltiary intelligence. Fled Return to Moscow Richard Philiips, State Depart- nwat spokesman, said Nossenko ashed for political asylum oti:ore. Feb. :5, whne he was to hare returned to Moscow. " - ccor ci n 2. to his stazenients to us," Phillips said. -he is a staff officer of the KGB." The department zave no fur ther.. :letails. Du: officials report- • • 1-% ?7 71 r•-kr, fin Lied Ltl , Chou En-lai oos Wavering Pakistan As the last leg of his "goodwill trip" into the "devel- Chou's visit brought tangible results for both coun- oping world" the premier of Communist China visited tries. Red China promised to support Pakistan's case South Asia. His first stop was Pakistan, a new-found on Kashmir against India, and Pakistan reaffirmed its friend of Peking. Here, Chou received the red carpet support of Peking's drive for a seat in the U.N. (where treatment for eight days (Feb. 18-25) from a nation the Security Council has handled the Kashmir dispute). which before 1962 was solidly pro-Western. (See New The joint communique on the talks also called for an- York Times and Christian Science Monitor, Feb. 25-29.) other conference of African-Asian nations as "a pre- Pakistan newspapers gave over much of their news vention of agression" and said the need exists for "gen- columns to his visit, and at least one published a special eral disarmament"—both intended slaps at the United supplement welcoming him (the Morning News, pub- States. India, which is getting $6o million in U.S. mili- lished simultaneously from Dacca and Karachi). tary aid, interpreted Chou's visit to Pakistan partly as This strange detente between the two nations began an attempt to pressure India into entering negotiations in 1962 after Red China's short invasion into India. for settlement of the Sino-Indian border `dispute. (For Pakistan felt then (and still feels) that this was a golden background, see "The Communist Push Into Southern opportunity for the 'West to force India into concessions Asia," Communist Affair; Vol. 1, No. 9, Nov.-Dec. on Kashmir in return for arms aid against Peking. (See 1963.) Communist Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 4 for a discussion of the This new friendship certainly does not include an Kashmir problem). Instead, the United States and Great ideological bond between the two nations (e.g., the Britain gave aid without requiring such concessions, and Communist party is still outlawed in Pakistan) but as India's troubles in the north subsided so did her will- rather a common hostility towards India. Pakistan's ingness to talk about Kashmir. As a result, Pakistan, president, Ayub Khan, continually emphasized this as an unconsulted ally, felt betrayed and became more during Chou's visit by insisting that this country still friendly towards Red China. stands (as it did before 1962) behind its commitments to the western Anti-Communist alliances, CENTO could be $2 billion in totaL and SEATO. But he also emphasized the new look in Hence, the current Soviet push for new foreign cred- Pakistan's foreign policy by offering his "good offices" its and extended repayment terms is directly related to bring about "some sort of agreement" between the 0...sto Moscow's desire to prevent the chemical program United StaWs and Red China (the United States quickly from impinging too directly on the production of mili- rejected this offer). tary end items. In 1962-63, new medium-term credits Perhaps the most important result of Chou's visit was from the industrial West amounted to about $300 million annually. However, payments on principal and to drive home to the West the significance of Pakistan's new policies toward Red China. This is that Pakistan, interest for past loans left Only a small net balance in 1963. With the growth of traditional Russian exports under Ayub's leadership, no longer sees a conflict be- slowing down or declining in virtually all major cate- tween being friendly towards Red China and its mem- gories—petroleum, timber, grain—increased credits bership in anti-Communist alliances. As Ayub said, represent the only promising means of financing sub- "If the defence of this area, let's say freedom from stantially larger imports of machinery. trouble in this area, can be obtained through good While the Soviets have been seeking larger credits lations with friendly neighbors, well then the object_ from the West, the cost of their own economic aid pro- of SEATO and CENTO has been achieved." (New gram to the less developed countries also has been stead= York Times, Feb. al.) ily rising. New extensions of credit in 1963 did not One thing about Chou's visit is certain: It has further exceed $200 million compared with more than $800 cooled Pakistan's relations with the West, and thc6e million in 1959; however, drawings against Soviet relations probably will never be as warm again as they credits have continued to increase, approaching $.too were before 1962. tr: million in 1963 (exclusive of drawing against military credits). Romania Stresses New Nationalism In summary, the Kremlin leadership for several years has been trying to do too much with too few resources. Having successfuly asserted her economic independ: This living on borrowed capital, improvising cheap but ence against Soviet efforts to force integration with the temporary solutions to basic problems such as agricul- rest of the members of the Council for Mutual Economic ture and chronically neglecting balanced development Assistance or COMECONI (see Communist Affairs,.Vol. to push ahead spectacularly on a narrow range of goals 1, No. 7, June-Aug. 1963), Romania seems determined has finally caught up with the Soviet Union. A nearly to underline her new nationalist course by a succession disastrous crop failure in 1963 was not the root cause of moves in the field of foreign relations and in cultural of Moscow's current difficulties; what it did was to policies. \---• bring to a head the many underlying problems of the Romania has maintained friendly relations with Bed Soviet economy and force a reconsideration of the China and Albania throughout the Sino-Soviet dispute; patterns of resource allocation. . and has abstained from participating in the polemic's of • 9 .Aftir 1959, however, economi wth began to slow diet consis6 os • ..lity foods—livestock products, vege- appreciably. The rate of expans - nixedinvestment, upon which growth depends, was le aintained. With tables, and fri. .. - annual increases in investment cut in half, falling to The impaCt of .sort grain crop on this pattern of between 4 and 5 percent in 1962-63, a sharp curtail- diet is obvious. Bread for human consumption must ment in economic growth was inevitable. In 1962, be curtailed. Livestock herds must be reduced. There Soviet gross national product was about $260 billion, is plenty of recent evidence on the disappearance of • or 47 percent of that of the United States. Because the flour from stores, of distress slaughtering of livestock differences in the rate of growth have narrowed, little and of the elimination of free bread from factory change in this proportion is expected over the next cafeterias. few years. The revolution of rising expectations applies in the To a great extent Soviet economic difficulties stem Soviet Union as well as in other parts of the world and from a series of programs too ambitious for available Khrushchev recognizes this is a more serious problem resources. With a gross national product less than half for his regime than it was in Stalin's day. Rising food that of the United States, the Soviet leadership has in- prices, shortages of meat and bread, a decline in housing vested in new plant and equipment amounts nearly as construction and small gains in the output of consumer large as investment in the United States and has main- durables are sources of growing consumer dissatis- tained a military-space program approaching in real faction. cost that of the United States. The-Soviet leaders are now calling for a solution to the agricultural problem and for a faster increase in Soviet Defense Spending Blamed certain consumer goods through the expansion of the Much of the blame for recent reductions in the rate chemical and related industries. They appear deter- of growth falls on the sharp increase in Soviet defense mined to commit the very substantial resources re- spending, which between 1959 and 1963 increased by quired. As formally presented by Khrushchev on g De- about one-third. However, the problem centers less on cember (1963) at the Central Committee plenum, the the total size of defense outlays than on the diversion new program calls for tripling production of chemicals of scarce, critical resources—both manpower and ma- by 197o. Among the specific goals of the program are terials. The military "bite" was particularly severe on production increases in fertilizers from 20 minion tons the best scientific and engineering talent, on the most to 70 to 8o million tons in 1970. stilled construction specialists and on the associated Khrushchev apparently recognizes that the needs of high-quality materials and components. The costs of this new program will clash with those of other claim :. increased military efforts showed up in shortfalls in ants. He has implied that the resources earmarked for industrial investment, especially in the chemicals indus- the expansion of the chemical industry will come in try, and in the gross underfulfillment of the Soviet plan part from the overall growth of the economy, from n---for automation and modernization in industry. imports and from the diversion of funds from commu- Although the slowdown in industrial output has had nal services and housing construction. He has also its effect, the serious decline in economic growth in noted the heed to study possible reductions in the 1962 and 1963 is largely due to the failures in agri- strength of the armed forces. culture. Although the Soviet economy, given more favorable A necessary corollary of the headlong rush to de- agricultural weather, may be able to rebound from velop heavy industry was the neglect of agriculture. last year's growth of 2.5 percent, the prospects for recovery Starved for investment funds, agriculture was falter- to sustained growth rate equal to that of the 1950's ing badly by the time Stalin died. Khrushchev suc- are not bright. ceeded, at very small cost; in temporarily reversing the _ downward trend. The New Lands put more grain into US.S.R. Needs Easy Credit, Report Says '. Soviet stomachs, into livestock, and into foreign mar- In an attempt to maximize industrial investaient, kets—perhaps most importantly from the standpoint of the Soviet Union is turning to the West for greatly political stability, into the European Satellite countries expanded credits and far more liberal repayment terms to make up deficits in their own laggard farm output. than the present 5 years: Moscow's gold position But the returns from the vast new acreage plowed up is viewed as little better'than minimal, with today in 1955-53 proved to be temporary. Once the original reserve's of less than $2 billion. ' : soil moisture and fertility were used up, output fell off. A chronic inability to generate enough exports to In 1963, a severe drought in the traditional farming the West to cover rising imports has resulted in a con- areas, as well as in Kazakhstan and Siberia, resulted tinuous drain on gold balances. Soviet gold sales_ in a near disaster. Output on a per capita basis in 1963 amounted to $400 to $5oo million, compared w-irk 1963 was about io percent below that of 1958. Total recent annual production of about $150 to $175 i th agricultural output declined some 4 percent in 1962 lion—production which incidentally is very high Cost-riii.:. and probably more than 4 percent in 1963. even by Soviet standards. 1 The plight of Soviet agriculture is further illustrated by the composition of the Soviet diet. In total calories, The accelerated outflow of gold in 1963-64 is a direct response to the payment requirements generated by the average Russian citizen is not far behind his Amer- ican counterpart. But 7o percent of the Soviet diet purchasing nearly to million tons of grain in the Free consists of grain and potatoes, compared to 28 percent World. The important requirements for chemical ma- in the United States. Only 25 percent of the Soviet •chinery and equipment, largely to produce fertilizers, will exceed several hundred million dollars a year, and 8 . ,( • , Dulles Type, or if you will, the Syndrome—be- the Soviet Bloe )xrununist Area, of which the news ginning with William Donovan ant,. ending with Mc- release of Jan. g is a brief summary, contains ample Cone. Donovan, like Dulles, was no mere lawyer, supporting data for each statement made. The full re- Henry writes in Literaturnaya Gazeta. Donovan's office port is for official use only, it has not been released for .vorked for "the Rockefeller dynasty" and Donovan publication. Its contents, however, have been partially himself got his start as an "agent" of the Rockefeller disclosed in speeches by officials of various government Foundation in Europe. Then he became an "unofficial departments from time to time. For latest available observer" (in insidious quotation marks) at Admiral statistics in this field, see: Annual Economics Indicators Kolchak's headquarters in Siberia and finally an attor- for the U.S.S.R., materials prepared for the Joint Eco- ney for Standard Oil of New York. His law partner nomic Committee, Congress of the United States, trans- represented the Dupont "dynamite trust" as well as mitted Feb. 25, 1964 to its members by the Chairman Remington Arms, Henry continues. The author dis- Sen. Paul H. Douglas of Illinois, himself a former Pro- sents from Dulles' judgment that Donovan knew the fessor of Economics of the University of Chicago. world and had insight into people, but stresses that On Jan. 24 the Soviet press published a communica- Donovan knew the military business. tion from the Central Statistical Administration of the Walter Bedell Smith, the man who succeeded Dono- U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers concerning plan fulfill- van in this nefarious activity, though a professional sol- ment for 1963 under the banner headline: "A YEAR OF dier, turned out to be after his retirement from the CIA THE SEVEN YEAR PLAN—A STEP TOWARD just another servitor of the Rockefeller interests when COMMUNISM!" This document claims overfulfillment he became Vice-President of the American Machinery of the 1963 plan in industry—an increase of industrial and Foundry Company, Henry writes. In 1953 Smith production by 8.5%, of which Group A, production of was succeeded as head of CIA by Dulles, a member of means of production or heavy industry, showed a Sullivan and Cromwell, "which since time immemorial growth of to% and Group B, consumer goods, 5%. In had been representing Rockefeller interests." But, agriculture this report admitted a decrease in the pro- Henry charges, the same law office also worked for such duction of grain and other agricultural products be- German armaments firms as Krupp, Fokke-Wulf, the cause of "extremely unfavorable weather conditions" military electronic firm Bosch, the Anglo-American in the majority of agricultural areas. Though govern- International Nickel Trust, the Belgian SoIvey and ment purchases of grain and other agricultural products others—that is, the Dulles law office was in effect "the were lower in 1963 than in 1962, the Soviet report intelligence liaison center of an entire international states, additional purchases abroad and economy network of military monopolies." measures have assured the country's need of bread and CIA Heads Called Tools of Rockefeller seeds. The, report concludes: "The economy of the As for McCone—who took over from Dulles—after Soviet Union continues to develop at a high rate, and the latter was faced with "failure in Cuba"—though an the most important tasks of the seven-year plan of de: engineer by profession, he was associated with a group velopment of national economy for the first five years of enterprises headed by "the king of the ship-building are being successfully carried out, while in a number industry of California, Kaiser"; and he owns the second of basic indices they are being overfulfilled." largest block of stocks in Standard Oil of California. It is against this background and as a service to our Thus, the Literaturnaya Gazeta article concludes, "the readers that we present the text of the CIA press release circle, begun by Donovan, closes"—meaning, presum- of Jan. g, which is a summary of a 50-page study: ably it begins and ends with serving primarily Rocke- feller interests. Report by CIA Is Summarized Crediting the CIA and Dulles personally with "con- In the past few years, Moscow's aggressive foreign spiracies" in Hungary, Berlin, Brazil and elsewhere— policy has been accompanied by boasts of overtaking in line with explanations of historical events that have and surpassing United States production by 197o;thts, become standard in Soviet propaganda—the Soviet au- in Khrushchev's words, defeating. capitalism NNittiont thor poses some rhetorical questions: Why, for example, war. However, an analytical review of recent 'Soviet did Cuba prove stronger than Dulles? Or, why is Ngo economic performance compared with that of the Upited Dinh Diem no more while Algeria lives? Surely, not States supports just the Apposite conclusion—namOly, because Dulles is a bad spy, Henry continues. adding: that the Soviet Union is falling behind in the economic To say so would be both untrue and impolite. It is race. because, after all, spies do not "dictate history" and be- The first years of Khrushchev's leadership were cause for social orders doomed by history there is no marked by a series of successes. The expansiotrofe "elixir of life." Not even Dulles can concoct such an planted acreage through the New Lands program-gave elixir, the article argues. "Conspiracies and espionage agriculture its first real lift since 1937. Econgqic cannot conquer socialism." That is why the very exis- growth was rapid—probably better than 6 percent tence of the CIA is futile and useless,. is Henry's ines- year for the 1950-59 period as a whole, aided by 'cuts capable conclusion from this line of reasoning. Yes, in armed forces personnel and in military spendiiii intelligence may well continue to exist in the future, the which took place in 1956 and 1957. author concludes, but then it will be entirely devoted to While housing continued to be very tight, there were exploring the universe for the benefit of those who noticeable improvements in living standards, particu- inhabit the Earth. larly in food stuffs but also in consumer goods as com- The CIA report on Current Economic Weaknesses in pared with the late Stalin years.

7 BACZOCELT: vir( A. Fresh Look at the Soviet EconomyJ The reaction in the Soviet press to the CIA (Central berger to the effect that the purpose of the CIA news Intelligence Agency) news release of Jan. g, which in release, which "as is well known, contradicts the lowest summary form indicated in what ways Soviet economic estimates of American economists," was "educational" development was lagging behind that of the United —to prepare the American public for accepting "new States, was so hostile and violent that it aroused the important agreements" with the Soviet government suspicion that perhaps the CIA estimate had hit the aiming at permanent peace and "cessation of the arma- bull's eye. Having exploited in the Soviet news media ments race." Americans had been "frightened," accord- whatever criticism of the CIA release was available in ing to this version, by reports of the "enormous military the 'Western press, even unto letters to the editor, the and economic might of the U.S.S.R.," and now had to Soviet propaganda mill took to reproducing in extenso be "quieted" by reports of an opposite nature—that stories in the Western press concerning horrible living militarily and economically the Soviet Union was not conditions in the advanced countries of the West, and really strong. "This is untrue, but without this lie, the Literary Gazette even launched a three-part serial U.S.A. public opinion will not consent to peace, to on the "madness" of Allen Dulles, with clear intima- measures of disarmament, to the reduction of military tions that his successor as chief of the CIA, John Mc- expenditures : " Sulzberger is quoted in paraphrase. Cone, was an equally dt-praved character. While expressing approval of Sulzberger's concern for Victor Mayevsky's feuilleton, "CIA's Dog's Life" in peace and accommodation with the Soviet government, Pravda of Jan. 15, disdainfully refers to Dulles' book The as well as his "knowledgability" in refusing to accept Craft of Intelligence and cites appropriate passages from the CIA estimate, the Soviet commentator M. Kirillov such newspapers as New York's Post, Times and Herald wonders if Sulzberger is "not exaggerating" the "back- Tribune and The Times of London; then it concludes wardness" (nesoznerternose) of American citizens and that the CIA is not only a shop of dirty tricks, "of pi- whether it is really necessary to "re-educate" them with racy and murder, not only a kingdom of lost hopes, but such "lies" as the CIA put out in its news release. also a center for raising canards. Yes, ordinary paper canards, the monopoly for which until now was main- Pravda Cites U.S. Criticism of Report • tained only by the gutter press!" Pravda of Feb. 18, in a TASS dispatch from New York, gives extensive coverage to a letter to the editor Mayevsky Charges CIA With Fakery of the Washington Post, which, after condemning the Mayevsky charges that McCone, rejecting the advice CIA release as a "violation of the practice of the intelli- of Dulles in his book that it does not pay to deal in for- gence services of the entire world" and thus compromis- geries in times of peace, concocted this piece of alleged ing "not only itself but other government organiza- fakery for several reasons: tions," proceeded to a refutation of the CIA release in (1) To distract the attention of "4 million unem- economic terms. The "monolithic society" of the Soviet ployed" and "40 to 5o million poor people" in the Union, according to the TASS report of this letter, United States, who may find some comfort in this fairy "evokes intellectual paralysis among our [American] tale. It may also sooth the nerves of those who spend thinkers" instead of stimulating innovations that might sleepless nights worrying about "the successes and "assure the superiority of our country in accordance grandiose plans of the Soviet Union"; with the freedoms on which we insist." (2) To counteract the effect of Soviet economic Perhaps the most irrational and irrelevant of all is the achievements on the young . independent countries of all-out attack on Dulles in Literaturnaya Gazeta Asia, Africa and Latin America, where the Peace Corps of Jan. i8 and 21 and Feb. i i. It characterizes Dulles as and the Alliance of Progress "have been failures," in a sly "little Borgia" who had 6o,000 agents working kir im order to arouse doubts about the socialist way of devel- in all the corners of the world, who knew a "countless oping their economies; number of secrets" and who by "merely pressing but- (3) To help the American campaign to induce the ton" could give the signal for a coup d'etat "thousands NATO countries to reduce the length of credit being of kilometers away from the U.S.A.' ; yet who renuti.ecl granted by Western governments to the Soviet Union. "in essence, a narrow-minded" person. According to Moreover, Mayevsky charges: "Ernst Henry" (possibly: "Henri"), the author of tfiese (4) McCone, who is personally ambitious, may be articles, Dulles, although admittedly a competent intel- laying the groundwork for taking over the government ligence operative, fails to understand that no intellit of the United States, should such an opportunity arise. Bence operation, be it "global" or "cosmic" and iirei; Citing Stewart Alsop, Mayevsky reports that McCone pective of the number of conspiracies and coups it might is a "hawk," an ardent anti-communist, a pious Catholic arrange, can withstand the world-wide onward march and a friend of Richard Nixon's—all cardinal sins in of the "leading social class." Naturally, though the the Communist decalog—and in addition charges that author does not spell it out to the readers of his paper, he has connections with ship-building, plane-construc- this class is considered to be under the exclusive leader- tion and rocket enterprises. ship of the Communist parties. Literaturnaya Gazeta of Jan. 3o quotes the "amazing Henry then turns to an examination of what he calls admission" of New York Times columnist C. L. Sulz- the "sociological nature" of the "Dulleses"—that is, the 6 ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREV■Iiiq DATF.7-_---/r5Kiln modern D1/4_, abrist? Arc he 'and his generation repeat in their fashion the example set by the young' members of the Russian elite in the days of Tsars Alex- ander I and Nicholas I, who, having come in contact with Europe in the course of the Napoleonic wars, made a desperate attempt to put an end to absolutism and serfdom in Russia and struck the spark which many . decades later flared into the Russian revolutionary movement? J-Fard to understand is what political mileage he 110-,:s to get out of his defection. The Russian political emigration is on the decline. Most former Soviet cid- zetu--especially, the Russians—seem reluctant to take part in anti-Soviet political activities as ernigris. While some keep their cultural and religious ties alive, for the most part with the Russian Ortodox. Church as the focal point, those like Yurii Nosenko who were brow ht up. as atheists very infrequently return to the church of their forebears. Assimilation is a process that takes time—usually, more than one generation. It is easier achieved in the United States than in other countries. Yet even here the first generation emigre from Russia bears the brunt of the pains and pangs involved in such an adjustment. The nostalgia for Russia, for its white birches, for friends that could no longer be friends if one were even to return, is strong; at times, so overpowering that it drives some blindly to redefection, in defiance of fact and reason_ KG2 Mish: Try To Kill Pam In the case of Yurii Nosenko, even if he were_to trans- late his given name into its English equivalent, George, and change his surname, his chances of surviving a KGB assassin are not the best—a circumstance that would again tend to limit any political activities he might. have in mind. Even in the post-Stalin period, the Soviet Government has not desisted from the prac- tice of attempting to assassinate politically important defectors and other political emigres, though it has not always succeeded. The safest course, in the judgment of some of the most important defectors from commu- nism, is to avoid publicity and to render their service to anti-Communism without public acknowledgment. This may well be the course Ykirii Nosenko may choose. Pravda and lzvestiia have not reported his defectio-ii as Communist Affairs goes to press. Unless his relatives and friends have access to the non-Soviet press or -to Russian Radio broadcasts over VOA, BBC or Radio Liberty, for example, his wife and children, his mother, brother and other relatives have no way of knowing through the mass media what hap-i pened to him. Private means of communication are exceedingly risky and difficult for those in the Soviet Union. All this he probably knew before he took the fatal step. 'What then could have been his motivation other than an overwhelming moral repugnance with the ways of the Soviet government, especially perhaps in the field in which he worked at the time of his defec- tion--disza-marnent and the ouest of peace? If that is the case, the testirnony of Yuri: Nosenko, who was privy to much inside information as a member of the Soviet delegation at Geneva, would be of considerable public value.—G.M.

He distinguished himself during. the "Great Patriotic War" (World War II) as an organizer at a time when a considerable proportion of Soviet industry had to be evacuated and war-time production had to continue apace. He was cited as being unusually resourceful and energetic, as sensitive and responsive in his • relations with industrial workers—who, it is stated in his obitu ary, loved and respected. him. At the 18th Party Con- ference he was elected to the CPSU Central Committee and re-elected at the 19th and loth Party Congresses. Tens of thousands of Soviet citizens trooped past the In 1954 he was elected a Deputy of the Supreme Soviet. bier, paying their last solemn tribute to the departed He. was awarded three Orders of Lenin, an Order of Nak- comrade. Toward midnight his widow and his two sons hinlov, First Degree,' three Orders of the Red Banner of and the other relatives were left alone with him for Labor, an Order of the Red Star and other decorations, their final farewell. Late at night, before the dawn rose as a "loyal son of the Communist Party and the Soviet on Aug. 4, the day of his entombment in the Kremlin people," who had worked selflessly for the "triumph of wall, his mortal remains were cremated.' Communism." Doti no:3°as Xcrirflecl Dif■erantly Why Did Nosenko Defect? Four distinguished physicians, including a member It will probably be many months, if ever, before the of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Medical Sciences, signed world will learn what actually motivated Yurii Nosen- the medical statement on the cause of Ivan Nosenko's ko's defection—and why he chose to leave his wife and death, which was given as kidney stone complications. two children, his many relatives, friends and comrades I. I. Nosenko had been suffering from this ailment for behind as moral hostages and forfeit a position of privi- many years, it was explained; he had undergone.'several lege at home rather than return to his native land. Such operations and his health was finally shattered when a a choice is hardly ever easy to make—especially, for a second generation Communist who belonged to the grave liver ailment aggravated- his kidney co:idition privileged elite of the Soviet state. Nowhere in the and this in turn was complicated by other diseases. of his non-Soviet world can he have as successful a career as "internal organs." On Aug. 2, "with his breatilinl)e- he apparently had in the Soviet Union, and, no matter coming increasingly moi..ibund and with mounting car- how well he gets adjusted in exile, he is not likely ever dio-vascular weakness, .r1,xne death."° Notewortlly is to feel quite at home anywhere away from the land of not only the detailed account of the cause of Ivari No- his birth. senko's death but also the lack of similar infori#1,ion It is doubtful that Yurii Nosenko's defection was co...:erning the death of the two lieutenant-generals caused by the umbrage of injured national pride. This w. were, very likely, his son's mentors and superior is not as important a facior among Ukrainians in the ol.-.::ers and whose deaths seemed to coincide with the Soviet Union as it is made out to be by "professional" defection of Yurii Ivanovich Nosenko. Ukrainians abroad, inspired for the most part by those • 3eginning at noon of Aug. 3, Soviet citizens paid who had come from Western Ukraine, which had al- their homage to Ivan Nosenko at his bier. Surrounded ways been restive under Austro-Hungarian and later by enormous wreaths with beribboned inscriptions, it Polish rule. Besides, although his surname has a typical lay in the Hall of Columns at Trade Union House (for- Ukrainian ending, this may be due to the dropping of merly the meeting place of Moscow's nobility) and was the terminal v when the family moved to the Ukraine, accorded a guard of honor made up of the most promi- for, if Ivan is his father, the family stems from the nent leaders of the Communist Party and the Soviet Central Russian Uplands, having been peasants of Goverrur.ent. The guard of honor, Which was changed Bryansk province. It was from there that Ivan had every five mimic.;, at .3 p.m. that evening was made up wandered down to Nikolayev in search of work before of the members of the "collective leadership"—Brezh- 'World War I. The likelihood is that Yurii Nosenko nev, Buiganin. Marshal Zhukov, Khrushchev, Melon- considers himself a Russian, not a member of a minority kov, Mukhitdinov, Pervukhin, and Marshal Voroshilov... • nationality.. . . :ibid., Aug. 3, 1956, p. 3. • *. • 'Was he a traitor to communism, to his Party, the 'The order was instituted in 044, during the "Great Pattictic government of his country or did he develop within War" (World War II), named for Admiral PaVel Stepanaiiich Nak.h.L-nov (1803-1855) who during the Crimean War was in com- himself an allegiance to a greater cause that would mand of the 'Russian fleet in the Black Sea, destroyed the Turkish have made loyalty to the, CPSU and the Soviet regime tlotiiia a: Sinop in 1553, was mortally woun:lad during the siege as now constituted an act of moral treason? . Did he ci Scrastcpal. Russia': greatest naval hero, Admiral NA:limo.. sell himself for a mess of potage or is he a and of died L-. the service of Tsar Nicholas L . • Aug.. 3, sg56, p. 3. • • laid.; Aug. :.. i956, p. 3.

rn••, " ••: 0:1•• L') and the most trusted KGB officers. A career in-the Soviet He Apparently Is Son of a Soviet Hero intelligence service is begun more frequently by Party Indications are that Yurii Ivanovich Nosenito is the assignment than by choice; moreover, no Communist son of a Soviet Communist hero, Ivan I. Nosenko, whose can refuse the "honor" of'having been chosen by the name is enshrined in golden letters with the dates of his Party. It is impossible to resign from Soviet intelligence birth and death—May 1, 1902; August 2, 1956---ona service; it is only possible to be expelled and punished— marble slab in the Kremlin Wall on Red Square in the or to flee at the risk of death by assassination. Such a heart of Moscow. Behind the slab is the urn that con- defection is, therefore, not a choice lightly made. tains the elder Nbsenko's ashes.' A letter to the editor— His defection, moreover, appears to have had crucial which states, "allow us through the newspaper Pravda repercussions on at least two of his mentors in the to convey our deep gratitude to all organizations, friends Service—an allegation well-nigh impossible to verify. and comrades who expressed their condolence and sym- and Icves:rza car-. Two days after his defection, Pravda pathy in our g:reat bereavement—the untimely death of tied the text of the same obituary on the "sudden" death Ivan Isidorovich Nosenko, ardently beloved husband, :i Feb. 4, the day of Nosenko's defection, of ViktorValyer father, son and brother"—bears the following sig 71ebsky, 51, Lieutenant-General of the ina- yanovich Borlso, -• judge Advocate's Branch and Chief Justice of the Milt= Wife: T. Nosenko tary Collegium of the U.S.S.R.. Supreme Court. In the Sons: Yu. Nosenko latter capacity, Borissoglebsky had presided at the trial V. Nosenko of former U-2 pilot Francis Powers in August 196o.." •• Parents and Relatives= The obituary was signed by 3o Soviet notables, with- • If Yurii Ivanovich was, indeed, the son of Ivan I. Rodion Yakolevich Malinovsky, U.S.S.R. Minister of Nosenko, as the patronymic and the time and place of Defense Marshal of the Soviet Union, heading the Iisti ;in, his birth would indicate, he had the ideal "social ante- Following in order were Aleksandr Fedorovich Gorl cedents" for a Chief Justice of the U.S.S.R. Supreme . Court; brilliant career in the Soviet Union— especially, in the KGB. His presumed father was the Major-General Nikolai Romanovich Mironov, Chief A. 7 son of a poor peasant who at age 12 became an industrial the Department of Adininisatiye Organs in the Cen worker in a ship-building plant in Nikolayev, a rather =al 'Committee • of the CPSU; the • Procurator-Generil attractive city like most cities of the Ukraine, founded of the U.S.S.R., Roman Andrayevich Rudenko; by the celebrated Potyomkin in the days of Catherine Deputy Ministers of Defense and Marshals of the Soviet' the Great, in 1788, as a ship-building and naval base, Union, Andrei Antormich Grechko and Sergei Salty- at the estuary of the southern Bug River, somewhat to onovich Biryuzov; the Secretary of the Presidium of the the north and almost equidistant. from both .Odessa and C U.S.S.R. • Supreme Soviet (roughly: the Soviet Vice- Kherson.' A city of .about a quarter of a million today,. President) Mikhail ProfiryeviCh Georgadze, and the Nikolayev has doubled its population since the eve of lesser luminaries—none of whom would have wIllingly . World War I, but at the time Yurii Nosenko was born signed the obituary of an old comrade in political dis- there, Oct. 3o, 1927, 'its population had shrunk to less 0arace. than 85,000 as a result of civil war and famine. His Pravda of Feb. g announced the other"sudden" death, putative father was by then a 25-year old student at the this one on Feb. 7, of another Soviet Lieutenant-General, Nikolayev ship-building institute. A member of the Pavel Mikhailovich. Zernov, 59, who since 194.6 had Communist Party since 1925, Ivan had been sponsored held high executive posts in the development of atomic • by his fellow-workers to study at a rabfak in prepara- energy in the Soviet Union. The signature of this tion for training at the engineering institute, having obituary listed no names and confined itself to the gone up the way of the proletarian. By 1935 Ivan phrase, "A Group of Comrades." It announced that the :• Nosenko had advanced from master ship builder to chief coffin would be on display at the club of the KGB per- ship-building engineer.* sonnel, without identifying it as such, stating merely, From 1935 to 1937 Ivan Nosenko was chief engineer "in the hall of the club" at "#12 Dzierzhinsky Street," of several plants in Leningrad. In 1938, he was Direc- that final farewells with the deceased would take place tor of the Baltic Sergei Ordzhonikidze plant. In 1939, he between ri and 15 hours Feb. 10 and that the funeral was appointed Deputy People's Commissar of the would be at the Novodyevichye cemetery. On the same • U.S.S.R. shipbuilding industry; and in May 1940, Corn- date, izvestlia (edited by Khrushchev's son-in-law) in- missar of the same. In 1947-1951 he was Minister of stead of the usual obituary, carried a modest black- transportation machine-building; from 1952 to March bordered notice. This is an unusual departure from the 1953, Minister of the U.S.S.R. Shipbuilding Industry—a customary ritual on such occasions. post to which he returned in 1954 after assignments as In neither case was the cause of death stated. If it trouble-shooter on other sectors of the industrial front. was a coronary attack, for example, why not satisfy a 1Prauda, Aug. 5, 1956, P. 3. • natural human interest by saying so? Instead, the same • 2/45;.-1., Aug. 8, 1g56, p. 6. anlbig-uous terminology was used—"sudden death." • Cortin...;.,:, AFFAIRS JAN.-FEB. 1964 Vol. 2, No. 1

1-'1 University of Southern California, Los s

• • :9 rip rd. rr.ds. 0.1114 /111., CO 40S. ..••••-• vt.. •.• 70.4 am.% - .7 • .::• V . 4.1.° 404. 4. me 0 N..40 '0431440 %444.0 ; 4131 1%100 ; ik.0 ■ ; le • On Feb.:, Yurii Ivanovich Nosenko, 36, in a face-to- assignment and, apprehensive of being suspected in lace confrontation With representatives oz the Soviet Moscow, decided it was safer for him to defect than Government, stated that he left the Soviet disarmament to return? Col. Oleg V. Penlovsky, charged with clelegauon in Geneva of his own free will and had no espionage, was executed as an Anglo-American spy last intention of returning to the Soviet Union. or to the May (see: Communist Affairs, Vol.:, No. 6, p:a. 12-13). Soviet delegation. What is the story behind the story? Or were the contact with the Americans and the recall Nosenko was listed as a "disarmament expert" on the and defection staged to deceive the CIA? staff of the Soviet delegation at the 17-nation disarma- The first Soviet reaction to the State Department's ment conference in Geneva, which had reconvened on announcement came Feb. 12, when Tsarapkin in Gen- Jan. 21, 1954.. On Feb. 4. he left his hotel, the Rex, went eva assailed the Swiss Governinent for alleged failure to lunch—and never came back. He had been recalled . to "grant effective assistance to the Soviet delegation in to Moscow, it was later learned, and was due to leave finding Nosenko" rather than the. United States for Geneva for the Soviet Union the following day. For five harboring him. "If Nosenko is really in. fle hands..of- days after Nosenko's failure to return from lunch, the the United States authorities," Tsarapkin 'contirmedin' head of the S6viet delegation, Sernyon Konstantinovich his demarche to the Swiss, "the Swiss authorides . . . Tsarapkin, made no public statement and no official do not provide participants at international conferences prote:n concerning Nosenko's disappearance. Feb. g he . with elementary security," and he expressed the hope was dec.:red missing and the Geneva police was asked to that "the, Swiss authorities will take all the necessary C. for him. On Feb. so the United States Depart- measures and utilize their soven2ien rights in ordc. to of State in Washington, D.C., announced that return Nosenko to his place of work, his family and his oscni:o, who identified himself as a staff officer of the children." No mention was made of possible imprison- Corranitte for State Security (the KGB—Komitet ment and execution, needless to say. Swiss reaction was Gosudarstuennoi Bezopasnosti), had asked for political summed up in the laconic comment: "sour grapes." asylum in the United States prior to Feb. 4 and that his On Feb. 14, the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs request was under consideration. Presumably during through Soviet Ambassador Anatolii Fedorov:ch Dobry- the three weeks since his arrival in Geneva on Jan. 19 nin in Washington, D.C., and in a protest by Foreign he had made final arrangements with CIA representa- Minister Gromyko to American Ambassador Foy Koh- tives for his defection. Initial contact was probably ler in Moscow charged the United States with "kid- made much earlier—not necessarily and not only in 'oscow. . napping" Nosenko and demanded an interview with him. The very next day the interview was arranged, His Defection rtcises Mcny Questions • and Nosenko made it clear to Soviet diplomats in Wash- Yuri: Nosenko had been a member of SoViet delega- ington, in. the presence of State Department officials, tions to the U.N. and to disarmament negotiations over that he bad not been "kidnapped" and that he had no period of years. He was described as a "father of two," • desire to return to the Soviet Union. 'os "modestly handsome," as "dark-haired" and as "a U.S., Soviet Policies on Defectors Difior smart dresser who liked the American way cf life." At never receptions and cocktail parties he was usually seen close The United States Government has denied a to Soviet Ambassador Tsarapkin, and often in animated single request of the Soviet Government to interview co:wen:a:ion with, him. Had Nosenko been a double any of its nationals in American custody. The Soviet r.;:e.r.: for some time, reeorting to American intelligence Government has repeatedly ignored parallel requests willle %ye:king as a higit-ranking Soviet intelligence of- by the American Government on behalf of A.-nerkan Was he recalled because Moscow had grown sus- citizens in the custody of Soviet authorities. t:Ous Gf hirn? Was he recalled on a routine cha-rre of Nosenko was reported to have been the chief .1 and control officer of the Soviet delegation in Geneva untilhis e.dection. Such posts are held by high-ranio...'ng INFORKAT '013 CONT A.VED •":.ER Ii0-Dbc1-10-5Y- 1

-.-:.....nr oti-:--"^-; f•-‘:,-.'t 1: mixve ,.:a no anslier to tite.:1-..= C.::.:.1::::1:-.:..i. ,..:.1-::-:.-- ..Vir.-::7;. tr. ::-.e Zs..-.-,-- -. t --- FTans ta Geneva ...v:th the!requrtze. of the Soviet rer. , -! 5:•-.te 1::-.--::. :::-.-:-.. 4,- :*‘rr01: ament c! e' itativcs. In this connetilcri it is.;:.icii_-.rd 1. 7,"-..:1;n:s N,.,s-: Cn ::-.-- ea:.; he t'i-----•:.e.. :::, 2-.n. tney sa:d1;esser.0 cou:d.ia matter of deep surpri.:e tliat'....za::o tr....d U.5. ■Nf;:einIs :ie. tr7t5;R:.:rat.tits :Et ::e hc:ti v'ere zi: have to.:i-in cloourr.:.:-.;:, cor.ce:-.1-notniihstanding thescriotts-::: ..:-T*' .Z.;11, sta.:: et4.zr svit to:r.:.:::-in:g and. nahrl:..; to tho

Soriat tactics in the dis-:itess of the sitttaz:on, the SW:SS.Ctr..Cra G21 :rary et::: acnr, ta:ks. Such docu-lauthorities have manifested :::::$ ,: C 1: : 1 L :. hrotizr.inttc.r.3 in .vir•r...-s cod be of immenseiextreme Lick of ticsire to cf:::.- :::scew. 7::e 1-.■.1:1 is. kanic. to the West. Itively assist the Soviet de!-•,:xirposa r.;-.z.:;;;:n inis:::taace. II. ::ornpkin. said :Coasenito ,,;tin in the search for Ns-a'. - nd security lzenz.Y. :fur lur.eh Feb. 4 ate: the clis-i -en '.;.o.". 7.1:11:- 1"..-11.'f: -...'..F..D 71ent session "and clis-1 OoQcrvnrk- -- sad" Tsa—e.1-1•31- •"- - ' -1 -.'-'-3,-s'll'.-e• is ''-lo---"Y• -rl i ▪ .a ttack araounted to an inir:i-• ' - - - ' •‘' '''.- 1•anile — ..-ed." Ile sr.:c1 :.:-.viss. au-. 'cation that L.S.' ant. con-1 7-"- :.e''''l''''.7c1.:1"1";:lc. jenny''' a•a:.....3 c''''. 7:1:cti! s.n':'• .titoritics in Gcr.eva ar.d Bermita .cted Nossenho, arran!:eci hisr' '2 . Plod been ased to do eve,- -'disappearance. and ,7,ot hint co:,ta7reemon:. • .Cr: .....;:eneral and 'thing possilile to find NosscnIto..of Swiizerlar.d. ' pieta disar.r.____.en!.. .n: ! .Azitzd about Tserapltin'S de-li The CS. state Depirtm:.r.t; If she Wez: :mew the inics o and cl-_at :he Swiss 'take steps' announced .1.1erida.ythat. Ns-:..":.*:.•.'-cil `':C.1:"'":;. :za.d`r" -1.3 !co return Nossenko to Geneva!k identif ed as a': officer:-2T. the ofzicia.s poir.ted cut. ia hirh-ranking S-.viss official:of the top So7jet . scabri:y:W ZS 1;4 f::::1 .7.CgOtai4r5. couid rie:m :Told privateiy: - 1,gcncy riGB. I-ad roque.s.:a-i!adriPt r.lici: Poza..or, ""i;Cf"'1.:1'; 'DeLtZ'atcs at the disarma-;pcliticai as:yltzm in the Uni':ed:fr4:.?'- in the horie 0i fIndinTil ; r.:, cferciacc arc free to:Stares. ;areas of possible agreernst::. -: •c9:11e nrat go 35 they 711=zse.■ Since lie presumably '-,-' - -.- TI:c Unitcr2"..S:ates has Nosze:.kos v::-....:- -. .:Vc :Ire no: their nurses." 1ice ,-s to secret Soviet ca:n....- ...:izir.:oos.: Ta?.:-apt"-, Sild 7.:,,,e swis.r.ir.o.ent and de:ense inforntr.t:nr..,:.:-.:1;:s. :nfortte:i 50;:7C:: ..1:.: :.noa ";-.hay allagenly:Nossenko is a. g.rcat :....-:-! :or•.:-:0:::o r.sn-.:1- seiopTed" tile taccasary:Wettern 1ntalii7or.ee a7 ..:-.:.,..s. ..-r.cor.:7.. 1:1:orinatien ar. a 1::::•- m-h,Lii-os to find the Soviet' Westorn e'■•••-als sai; '.*:.:.):-:;::::::-:-.;-; 1:'*-7., in Ec-" -; r1:.z:-:. r:.::,:t. :nation pcssersed by N.-:o: Nc3szni..:1 ;:vzd -.vitn altrilt. :O. op to now." Tsarapkin"could be very valual)le to t'ncet'ne; tilevizt datizIn ::u- it!. "the Swiss authoritiesWest in devisin; strata:Ty : a: •.:•.:% in r.- v.r.al! hotel on _kvir.ue

NEW YORK jOIMN.‘.L A1121ZICAN TER' 1 2 1954 tfrfilth'°‘

a • In • • •

3 "

Feb. :2. — The; te..::ay angrily de-i icier: h.-.:notatts return: • • iss atitioritiec not only Xt:S3ellk41 nf z'oviet defector Yuri 1. Nos-I:not Prorlde d'r/cg. de; !asylum. 11:: it: • .ten!co and acc”.ied SwitzerInnci.:(""ti"ai c"fer°•"4:cs "Western off:c::::s ;o :..:41 of vita ` that out; oe.rrni:ting "foreign agents-doe:it:flick:it guarantees. protection, but security: Tzarapk.:1 did -1o; even' iscetzse the U.S. Ccntral to inzinee.: his disappearance. the provocative activityair° on allow;their • • Iii;ence A7ency oZ telleved to have,soi; of ,ed' Nossenko information on So-: roreign agent's." he bu; nietely !vie. :- Swiss response ?3 :C of "fore:gr. ::.:e::igence fast! I ger,c:es." .;:z7rar armsw*.- production. ;tr.c.: an7ry. Swiss Foreign Min-I , .o was a stateiNter 'ler:ed. One Western. delegaiczaid officer !n the Soviet ;iercd -lc:1 T. Wai:Xer, or- , • , c Soriet Union dric:ga:ica to the :7-nation dix-:Switzeriand AlexandriaArnbassacior Irino-i to! ;does ::o: wan." .Nosecnko*.: r:e-- ar;narnent, conference. clisaP- vitch Lochtchakov no ce.me to 1 ..• Ifection to -poison the. atritcs-7 pea:et:las:Tuesday: The Unite.dhs offica this afternoon in the; prilare at States said he had asked c:isarraamer.: talks. :or Swiin capital of Bern. A.:".17.112 political asylum. . DO1VN AuthorItatire sources sat,; 1 Soviet Arrtbasnador Semyon.Withicn plat:net'. to del:ver.3::.! a; • IVestern officir.1 said Tsar- ri. Tcarapkin to a press con- ;:lnyed . fe• - str,7«: Protest • :Le whole rrnee 1:lat. 3:o:cow exnects!' :::' char .sbcut Taarap-1 • .1.4or to oelittle 5-:1-7cr!, gto. I i-,- -- isen:to in Nos rizh::, tna to tne its sove:ci;n: U. S. IVON'T COIT3I2NT ; the eyes of U.S. ex- . in askinT for Nossenko's• . - *------"--4 perts who may be tryinz to ,"",. ..J. '''' off ''' • '1C21: NOSSENNO r-turn !‘) his wori: and his.Th-., and deanc- .V-Iccz:.: 12Vahrate1 tvhaterer information: and fariar. , to Ze.c.';- D:: ai:a! L'clitr.r: !the o.-. i.ts 51? %::!d .-; - ::u.ss:211 ecrector took willi. :P-,.Mr. ..ald Nosscnko het he r tne So".•:•, trt r-a-t. !Prim. :s •, • ":"eally in the ha...cis :., .vol%ci hurt the '.vor',..• o 2.•:.; ::::: diz-..1-..:-.• ------._conne I .. West o'...a co.".fzi•e.noe ::ourz:s:• i ': the -:,;74a.ment, eelrzerortc,-...... :ion with N Z:nitzci Sta,:es authoritiez." eis:!,-,;,,...,;•;.,,er, ossenka's;-;aid it waz lt* o Tart Ite startrd'the. r.h!..; '.;n:ikel t:la:; r:Ls can or];:r man th:o.'i T5erapkin rnaen .-;: .r.sr•:•.::::. s:r.0:11 security-!=li•ded So vi fie ,!:•• by rr.112-; thel:,:orerr.nicnt, wcui. e 0 a:ainst 1:. S. 6,1:ciai5.Szall :::-.•;-.'..'s announcernenVta:It documents1- :7.1Icrin: zend lin,00r-I

4 OGDEN, UTAH • BIRMINGHAt-....A, S TANDAR.D- EXAM I NaR POST-HERALD • e . 35,458 m. 95,758 S. 35,199

Front Eta Other Front Edit Other Page Pat Page Pan. FEB 01.1964 Date: rr7L:s ‘ >C2A' Date: ."11,7:::cry :or CIA • -- The defection to the United States of Cheers Yuri Nossenko, Soviet secret police offi- . The Russians are making quite ; cer; a victory for our Central. • thing of the defection at Geneva or Intelligence Agency. ...one of their top security agents aroi The CIA has been criticized frequent blame the izihole affair on the "pto- ly within the last few years for its role in vocative activity" of Western intelli- he abortive Bay of Pigs landings and it gence agencies. Fr:0.'1re to anticipate such developments' All of which, if true, causes us to as the two coups in South Viet Nam. , remark that it's good to see the But the dramatic appeal of the 36- -win one. Our spy agency hasn't been Nossenko for asylum in the West • winning many plaudits of late. can almost certainly be credited to the r..!r.ivasiori of CIA agents. This editorial also appeared in:' Yossenko, who was on the Russian. the Geneva disarmament confer- is believed to possess top-secret in- CINCINNATI, 0., POST & TIMES -STAR, Feb. 14, 1964 f. :-:-cation on Soviet nuclear weapons EVANSVILLE, IND., PRESS, Feb. 114, 1964 HOUSTON, TEXAS, POST, Feb. 13, 1964 i1P.ctinn. That we can certainly use.. INDIANAPOLIS, IND . , TINES, Feb. 13, 1964 KNOXVILLF , TENN., NEWS-SENTINEL, Feb. 13, 1964 MENPIUS , TENN. PRESS-SCIMITAR, Feb. 13, 1964 PITTSBURGH, PA., PRESS, Feb. 16, 1964 C

YEW YORK. FE.F.a.A.LD '1.9.17-3TTE 10 Februezy 64

• ; 4.-•••.. ' IET -.ENV() . • - • ' - • • • . Ister7tstiagal%:eeva reported that Me.* or his job.= In the official list se:nko vanished on TueidaY - • of • delegations to the 17-- armament negotiator:said he , - = , • • - has never met Mr. 1%./ossenko: •Soirietr.n.ffiCIals have asked asked' police asilitanCe to nation East-West conference. 1,•-Ztry,to end is briefly identified as an SWfse.Pcifica to help- A Soviet;delegation spokes-;; '.'exPert attaChed to the a mehaher:•-of the Soviet deii..,c.•- Soviet, :mark" parr neither' "delegation?! 1 fi-thel-1,7-nationslis-,,;•:. confirm; nor deny Noiseiiko's.!.. Even' Communist. newsmen : „:...*arrainient conference who Swiss.' with most members has been naliiing SinCe Tues:v„tiamniunist sources confirmed of the Soviet delegation said -7clei.-7-the. police 'report&yes- thii- Russian: Is missing. they *did not know Mr. Nos- • ,2*-..f.:::1:it:2"* ,:-.•;i4ferf3t--"Ji;:* -..M4,.NossenkO- has no re- tenko. It appeared he was one • police sPOkesmin:v., qua:5'4d ?rpolitical asylum In. of many minor officials. said the missing man Ls 'Yuri.: -.'Switierlandi a police.. official - American spokesmen gild N'oep 3o He said the 1:said ...they knew nothing about -ihe -:Ascrk. .n to the United : was knotn here; case. Ambas.sidor Arthut L. tioni organization in Ge- about Mr. Nossenko himself Richards, United States dis- .

FEB 10 19,64

0.7 •••••••••■••■...,,,, 0 • "••■ . T 0"-Th : 1:TTi I 1„/ Ls./c,l,

n • . •

‘ 1_} Deserted

TI.77 /3-falr

T. `;k, aft

Attended Disarm. Conference as

Delegate Adviser . - He said that Nossenko. asked WASHINGTON :AP)—The for American sanctuary -prior • D::^artrnent said Mon- to his-rcea!I which was sched-. tt; ;hat Yuri I. Nossenlio. 36- tiled for Feb. 5." year-old st;.:11 RTFe -rof- the: IN RESPONSE TO ques- • G to p Soviet security tions, however. Phillips dc- etency. has reque sted political dined to say what the United asylum in the United States. States knew about Nossenko's Nossenko disappeared from activities in Geneva. how hc Soviet circles at Geneva, Swit- asked for asylum, where he is zerland. last week. Soviet offi- now, or whether the request cia!s, notifying the Swiss au- will be granted. Phillips turned thorities. indicated he was a aside questions with the state- • or the Russian dele-• ment that he could provide no ration at the 17-nation dis- further information. arr•lament conference. Nossenko arrived in Geneva State Depz.rzment press offi-. Jan. 20. Disarmament confer- cer Richard I. Phiilips gave cnce documents listed him as •tzry little information to elca,..an expert without revealing his u thes;;:cc:ion of why Noi. particular field. .ent:o to request ::sy- His position as an adviser to :um in tit,: United Stnies. - the Soviet delegation presum- ably gave him access to etas- l'ILILLIPS SAID Ii" zw". sitied documents. to Nossenko's own Dispatches from Geneva said The is a Staf 'c' °;f1"r his disappearance had appar- ''. he 1"(i3 ar.d until Ft:S-",cntly created considerable con- ■.!,,;;.- of his disappearance). he vcas cern at Soviet headquarters. to Geneva oa "We do duty from ' not believe he has 11:013 . met with an accident," a Soviet rS in Moscow: ,source was quoted as saying _ is:ni;fied :he ini:i;as earlier. "It is beginning • s.e.i.,ta..tin•; to look , the Soviet go‘- as though he may have de- • :ii "cornntittze for (ected." • :-.."

iv FEB 10 1954 NEW YORK' POST!

O • 0 LIT t.

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Geneva, Feb. 10 (AP)—An expert with the Soviet disarmament delegation apparently has defected to the west, Russian officials reported today. Yuri Nd'senko 36 vanished .last Tuesaay, but chief Soviet negotiator Semyon K. Tsarapkin ;did not notify Swiss police until Saturday. • • • "We do not believe he has met with an accident," a Soviet dele- gation •source said, "and it is ,beginning to look as though he may have defected." . . As an adviser to the Soviet :delegation, Nossenko Oresum- ; ably had access to classified documents. It seemed likely that if Nos- senko defected, Western intelli- gence agencies would try to.get him out of the country as quick-• .ly as possible. Officials of Western delega- tions professed to know nothing of Nossenko's disappearance. . Police In Geneva and in Bern, ' the Swiss capital, said they had no knowledge of the Russian's whereabouts. Nor had they re- ceived any request for political asylum, they added. Swiss detectives questioned . employes at Nossenko's hotel and 'searched belongings he left. Soviet delegation sources and Nossenko was a members.f the legal department of the Soviet; Foreign Ministry, long has spe-: cialized in disarmament matters and ranke seventh in the dele- gations. They said that contrary to first reports, this was not the first time he had attended the Swiss police asked the Inter- Geneva conference. He was in pol organization to try to trace the delegation in 1962. He ar- Nossenko.. The Swiss declined rived Jan. 20 for the latest ses- to comment but seemed con- sion. He is married and has two vinced .Nossenko left Geneva of children. His family is in the his own accord. Soviet Union. Nossenko is known to have nut his disappearence appar- had a visa to France, which is ently caused considerable con- only a few miles away. He cern In the Soviet delegation. could easily have crossed one Unusual activity was noticed in of the many border points Soviet headquarters throughout around Geneva • without beL':g the weekend. noticed.

WASHINGTON STAR FEB 1 0 1964

. — ... The CIA refused to comment ably gave him access to class!- on the case and would not con-: fied documents. firm or deny that Mr. Nossenko Ranked Seventh• .has gone over to the Americans.. • hfp Speculation was that he al- Soviet delegation sources in ready is in a Western nation. Geneva said Mr. Nossenko was Dispatches from Geneva said - r\ifn --rja41, at his disappearance had appar- a member of the legal .depart- ently created considerable con- me_nt of the Soviet Foreign• cern at Soviet headquarters, the Ministry, long had specialized Associated Press reported. in disarmament matters and, btr.240 „ . The State Department said ranked seventh in the delega-, that, according to Mr. Nossen- ko's own. statement, "He is a tion. Russian Served staff officer of the KGB and They said that contrary to With KGB, Top • until February 4 (the date of first reports, this was not the his disappearance) he was as- first time he had attended the Red Police Agency signed to Geneva on temporary Geneva conference. He was in the delegation in 1962. He ar- Yuri I. Nossenko, a high- duty from KGB headquarters in Moscow." . rived January 20 for the latest ranking office with the Soviet State Department Press Of- session. He is married and has KGB security agency, has de- firer Richard Phillips said that two children. His -family is in' cted to the United States and the Soviet Union. reported in the hands of Nossenko asked for Amer- American intelligence agents. can sanctuary "prior to his re- • His disappearance apparently A State Department announce- call which was scheduled for caused considerable concern in ment today sand February s." the Soviet delegation. Unusual, Mr. Nossenko, activity was noticed in Soviet 36, had requested political No, Further Information asylum in the United States, headquarters throughout the bit did not i.c ose where he In response to questions, InTsr. week end, the Associated Press has been taken. ever, Mr. Phillips declined to said. However, it was learned say what the United States authoritatively that the Russian knew about Mr. Nossenko's ac- intelligence agent has safely tivities in Geneva, how he made contact with American asked for asylum, where he is agents. now, or whether the request will be granted. ' With Geneva Delegation Mr. Phillips turned aside questions with the . Mr. Nossenko is a legal offi- statement that he could provide - cer with the KGB (the initials- no further information. mean Government Committee for State Security) and •has been Mr. Nossenko arrived in Ge- with the Russian delegation to neva January 20. DisarmamenE the 17-nation disarmament con:- conference documents listed ference in Geneva for 18 months. him as an expert without say- • Mr. Nossenko disappeared ing his particular field. from Soviet circles in Geneva His position as an adviser to last week. according to a Rus- the Soviet delegation presum- sian notification to Swiss au- thorities. American officials described Nossenko's defection as being of major importance since he MI& high rtnk in the KGB. No reason Was given for the Soviet agent's defection. A tight security lid was ..amped .)a the report here after the bare State Department announcement that he had :ought asvturn. .

AUBURN, N.Y. FEB 1 1964 CITI ZEN- ,( ADVE TIS ER e. 2,644 Front Fir Other Paget Page Page r: 1 patp: fl Asks Political- Asylum The news that a ranking staff officer of the Soviet secret police has defected and requested political asylum in, the United States is indeed welcome. . . 1 The defection last Tuesday by Yuri L_Nossenko_was disclosed in a terse announcement• by the State-Depart- ment. There were indications that he might have acted - for some time as a United States agent. Mr. Nossenko, : 36, was serving as-an "expert" with the Soviet delegation in Geneva. According to news reports the Nossenko case is considered in Washington as one of the most important recent triumphs of the United States...i.idligence service. Apparently they have gained from him knowledge about the operations of the Soviet secret police and possibly about Soviet defense planning. All this is to the good. It sometimes seems that ihe; .00 Western democracies are virtually -powerless to deal' with - the espionage systems established by totalitarian sates.: The Nossenko defeetion demonstrates that the 'U.S. intelligence service is also capable of its coups. The; defection will doubtless cause a certain amount o.: re-4 shuffling on the part of the Soviet secret police. For those in this country and elsewhere in the world - who have doubted the wide-spread nature of the Soviet spy system, Mr. Nossenko's testimony •: add proof that such a system does exist, and is effective in its operations. His testimony can serve as a warning that the foe. we face is determined, skilled and unscrupulous. Mr. Noisenko's testimony will carry more w!ight • with the general public than most, for he is already known to the West as one of the Soviet delegation at the 17- nation disarmament conference in Geneva. His importance ; can be judged by the fact that he appeared seventi on the list of the Soviet delegation. In addition to these other benefits, it is, of course, • •also nice to know that Mr. Nossenko, having seen both • sides of the Iron Curtain, found the West more attrac:tive.: _ . . • .. . g.:IiICAGO DAILY FEB 11 1964 rc • NEWS

Hint Re I )efector Knows A-Secrets GENEVA, Switzerland he tic..sd in bargaining `or psi-.. !UM—Soviet defector Yuri litical asylum in the United.. ■ (25unkg_js believed to possess States. top-secret information on So- viet nuclear weapons produc- IN WASHING-ION, the tion. authoritative sources said State ' Department clamped a.: Tuesday. tight lid on secrecy Tuesday •: Nossenko also has informa- on circumstances surrounding .: tion on Soviet strategy at the Nosscnko's defection. 17-nation dis- Nossenko, who had 'beettl• armament con- ass;gned to Geneva on a tern-1 ference in porary basis, dropped from 1,, Geneva a n d sight six days ago-.—one day possibly o n before he was to have re-'. Russian de- turned to Russia. The State: fense plans as Department would; not say; well, confer- where he is now. ence sources Department press officer said. Richard L. Phillips said Nos- • Nossenko ' s senko approached offi- , defection was YURI NOSsENx0 cials ard asked for asylum ••• planned a • long time, the prior to Feb. 5. the date of his sources said. 'sea7d1;led recall. As an officer in the Soviet slate security -service and a NnSSF.NKO was: listed as member of the Russian (fele- . ;211 "expert.' on the roster of gation_to the disarmament cad- the Soviet negotiating team-- ,terence. the'sources said, Nos- a c'assification which Western s:nkn was able to obtain vital ee'elates !Ong have: 'assumed ; information, which `they said can mean a security ;man.

":7W i•C jCITTiNAI, A FEB 1 1 1964

i.417:1L2SS]a S

Lode psi rA e>11;"'" GENEVA, Feb. 11 (UPI).-7-Soviet defector Yuri Nosenko is believed to possess top-secret Informa- The Soviet delegation discovered he was missing tion on Soviet nuclear weapons production, authori- . from his hotel on Feb. 4 and five days later asked tative sources said today. Geneva police to search for him. Nosenko also has information on Soviet strategy The state department announced last night at the 17-nation disarmament conference in Geneva Nosenko had asked for political asylum in the • and possibly on Russian defense plans as well, United States and that contact with him had ference sources said. con- been Nosenko's defection was planned for a long made before his disappearance Feb. 4. time, the sources said. There were no indications as to whether this - As an officer in the Soviet state security service contact was .made in Geneva or elsewhere, possibly end a member of the Russian delegation to the before Nosenko's departure from Moscow. disarmament conference, the sources said, Nosenko' . • wa3 able to obtain vital information which they said Nosenko's defection intrigued and surprised he used in bargaining for political asylum in the confertnce delegates, but the affair was not being United States. officially discussed. The most important. Information he is believed "I-don't expect to discuss it," he saird. to possess relates to the production. In Russia of nuclear arms, they said. U. S. Chief Delegate William C. Foster told The 36-year-old Russian came to Geneva Jan. United Press International today he has not discus- sed the matter with Tsarapkin. . 19, two days before the conference resumed. He It is considered unlikely that Tsarapkin will. travelled from Moicow with *chief Soviet disarma-' rnent negotiator Semyon bring up the subject. • K. Tsarapkin and other Tsarapkin refused today to talk to newsmen. - • about Nosenko.

I • • • e

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1.47•;..1 j w' C. S. ;IS ViTil Deserts Russian Unit in Geneva

BY PHILIP DODD tasiease Tribune Press Service] Washington, Feb.. 10—A Rus- sian security expert who disap- peared frOm Soviet Union dele- .

rt, h. • •• ••••••• -47

41•>..k • o\% ; t • i'•;N

Nossenko (left) and Phillips /12 gation in Geneva, Switzerland, last week has asked for politi- sZe_ cal asylum in the United States, the state department said to- day. • The Russian was identified as Yuri Ivanovich Nossenko, 36 :an official of the soviet KGB the Russian abbreviation for • Russian authorities notified the top secret "government's Swiss police yesterday that committee for state security." Nossenko had disappeared from Richard I. Phillips, state de- his Geneva hotel last Tuesday. partment press officer, told re-:They •did not say wily they ;otters NOssenko had been at- waited five days before asking tached to the soviet delegation police help in ideating their to the 17-nation disarmament missing expert. conference in Geneva from • Soviets Hint Defection • Jan. 20 until his disappearance. A. soviet source in Geneva. Whereabouts Are Unknown was quoted as saying it was Phillips said Nossenko "beginning to look as tho he asked for American sanctuary (Nossenko] may have defect-, prior to his scheduled recall to ed" rather than having met Moscow Feb. 5. - • with an accident. The state department would Geneva reports said that not disclose how or where Nos- Nossenko was born in Nikoley- senko made his request for asy- eff, Russia, and that he en- lum nor would It yut.ere the joyed various aspects of. west- soviet security expert is now. ern European life, particularly Nor would it indicate what ac- western clothing. He was re- tion would be taken on Noszen- ported to have a wife and two ko's request.... . • children.. - • ! i

t I [Jil l! 13 11

vol. 55 7116-'4-42-0 Copy 9 of 10

P RESIDENT'S C ORIMISRON

ON THE

A SSASSINATION OF P RESIDENT ItENNIM

Report of Proceedings

Held at

Washington, D.C.

Tuesday, June 23, 1964

PAGES 7640 - 7651

WARD & PAUL OFFICIAL REPORTERS 917 G STREET. N.W. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20031

AREA CODE 202-628-4260

TS 20 5 691 cy 1 of 1

1 -7/ riRSHEIN C-cl-P-1-:---- °--1111142--(.3E( ELY 63 tcm 1 (Discussion off the re-•r .) fls hu 21Jan54 The Chairman. On the record.

Rep. Boggs. I would like to say only, to put it in the for of a motion maybe, that in the case of the widow of the late

President, and in the case of the President and his wife, that th e Commission authorise its Chairman, the Chief Justice, to

whatever steps he deems advisable to get whatever testimony may be pertinent from those people. • Tile.Chairman. What motion would you make concerning Governor Connally and his wife? Rep. Boggs. They would be included, I would think, under thc. same terms. The Chairman. How about Senator Yarborough and whoever else {.hlas there in the front seat with President Johnson? nr. Boggs. What I was thinking of was of the too people the' you as Chairman could handle it. The rest of them I wouldn't have any hesitancy about calling Ralph Yarborough in here and ask z3. him what happened. The Chairman. I understand. Is that the sense of the meeting, gentlemen? If it is, that will be done.

The not one is Item G under 2, ConferenCe with CIA, decisioi as to disclosure of materials to CIA for purposes discussed at meeting of January 14, 19G4. C %=QO L A Bow, I will just state generally what 3 it .is and then Lee t can go on farther. But Lee has been having some discussions witl

TS 205690 cy 1 of 1 •

G4 2 the CIA concerning any possible connections that Oswald might

have had with the Soviets, and they would like to have us give to

them certain of our records so they can show them to some of their

people, namely a couple of persons who have defected from Soviet

Russia, and I raised the question with Lee as to whether we should

do that without taking some very careful precautions because if we should do that, and these people should turn out to be counter-

intelligence agents, and then something would develop from Russia

about this, about the thing as a result of what they saw, this

Commission would look awfully bad before the world, and I myself

question the advisability of showing those records to any defector. I personally would be willing to bring the CIA here, let them

see what we have in that regard, and then let the CIA do what it thinks should be done in order to verify or disprove it or amplify

it in any way, shape or form. Now that is my awn view.

Lee, would you like to express yourself further on it. You

didn't agree with ne exactly. 14r. Rankin. Nell, the Chief Justice also suaaested that

possibly we should have a meeting with the representatives of the

CIA and the PBI and the Secret Service that gave us these materials

and see what their suggestion was about handling them- These two

defectors are men who were formerly in the service of ae comparable

unit of the Soviet Union.

Et. Dulles. MD. Vt. Rankin. ROD, and the CIA people say they couldn't hardly

11011L 51.E

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• 3 _ MOW • .Cer:.:ect :.-)ock (On without 1:aing in plc(Olof trouble r..7d- . • t+.:: is zry 1)::esect..and sev alao

have had ena,t!iing likc they have ht.:1 ,-.1enty notice 5.a

zAvz:ncz! n tllet they go hir,t they do thin7c they could he vy 1:ecauca t%ey 1.,,.turet these mzto,-ials and ::u::;cost thrZt Wr2 shouM to the Soviet, that the CIA ze:sonzal wouldn't know how to 1 do in the 5ACX3 1•7Zel because they don't know the deta41-ol' the oy;eaticn like these

So they want to know if they couldn't see soma basic materiz: thPmselves and if they would be rermitted to shou them to : . Cefectors, and that is cur o:-.oblem.They think that would heloful.

• Ntu they suggest, and cur conference, Allan went with us on

this conrerence with the CIA, and they suggest that, they think

the incuiry to -ell' 0 Sou:_ac. should K, • -,o-coyern=i7 • if the Stnt 12;e:cartilt wcul,c rscve tht, ad we would check it • out with them,. and that the questions.to:the Soviet should he ointed, so that if they don't answer them; they can't just anzwa:: them in a very generril manner and get away with it, but the c%-estions would be ita such pointed form, would he did you or

Cidn't you, did Ow-old Co certain things or dfCn't ha, as r.urih.:-:

pussihle I em talking about the CIA anl thez..rc7). 7.-.m of -7urn;sh'n_ them part of this information, and theyit:.70-71d like to e::%$'4 t it to two defectozs, who were a part of their intelligence sysi-cm

A 4 6G the Soviet before they came over here and defected, and they have great confidence in them, the CIA, but the question -- Mr. Dulles. They were not before, after they defected in these two cases. They were part of the EGB when they defected.

Mr. Rankin. Yes.

Mr. Dulles. And sincZ then have been wo -eking with us, one has been working six or .seven years and one about two years.

N. Dulles.- Yes, but prior to defecting they were with the EGB, isn't that right?

Mr. Rankin. They were with the KGB, one was in Vienna and . on3 was in Finland and fairly high up in the KGB. The material

they have in mind is nothing that is really classified in one sense. It would be the material that Oswald himself wrote, Oswald diary, letters and things of that kind in Russia, and it would be that type of material. They wouldn't want to show them any material...that was sort of generally classified. Some of this has

)not been disclosed to the President. Some of it has been par- ..-- LA tially disclosed but'it is the form of the writing, and so forth, and things of that kind that are very -- mean a good deal to a man _ who is working on the inside of the Soviet Secret Service .. As I say, it is nothing'that normally wou?•d be classified. It is only that all of what was obtained from Oswald has not yet been dis- closed to the American press.'

Sen. Russell: Do you' have anything from Oswald by the way of

TS 205690 cy 1 of 1 41-

5 5G a uk 67 diaries or other writings oth r than what we have seen?

Mx. Dulles. You have seen it all. 'Sen. Russell. And the FBI?

Mr. Dulles. There is one thing I have asked about today, that is referred to in the FBI report. We haven't any material at

all.

Sen. Russell. 'They are not going to tell you anything. We

would have to forward the questions to the State Department, it

would have to be cleared through the .'ambassador and cleared with

the Foreign Minister and get to the equivalent of their Attorney

General and say what .are we going to tell these silly Americans.

Mx. Dulles. But they are in a bit of a bo::,Senator, be- cause if they have any inkling of this..and they may have some

inkling of this, I don't lauvd, for example, we know or we believe we know from Oswald that he got X amount of money at certain times.

Now, I wouldn't tell that to the Soviet. But I would say that we have some information, we don't have to say how we got it, it would be from Mrs. Oswald or however it might be, some of it did

come from her, that the Soviet had paid him certain money, mould

they kindly advise us'how much and over what time.

Rep. Boggs. There is not over and beyond what the report shows.

Mr. Dulles. No. But I don't think you ought to tell. I mean, this is a question for this Commission to decide, if we are going to get anything, we have got probably to let the Soviet

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. . '

63 know that we have, or let them induce that we have .a good deal. . Rep. Daggs. Where did we get the information from, what he got? •

Mr. Dulles. From his letters.

Rep. Boggs. Not from the Soviets?

Dulle:.-,.. No. We haven't anything from the Soviet. tie

know he was hospitalized. • We know he tried to commit suicide over there. We know they e:ttended his permission. Now, I think we ought to -- there ought to he questions nut to them but 'don't

give them all the answers because ghey can just take our questions

and answers and say these are the answers. I think we ought to give them a clue that we know a good deal because otherwise what is the situation going to be later if we do publish, and I think

the Commission probably will publish later all this material. rind

they will say here you deceived us. I don't mind deceiving the v Soviet particularly because I think that might be very helpful.

We can say we gave you a Chance to answer these questions, we told you we knew something about this but you never gave us

an answer so that the drafting of these questions I think is going to be rather delicate a matter but I think it Can'bedone and 1 think it ought to be done quickly.

Rep. Boggs. Is it proposed that this be carried out by the CID? Mr. Dulles. No.

Sen. Rtssell. Ds a understand it, the CID wants to show this r73 K."

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L, t . r r 4 ?:. 7. 1 ,; , 4 , 4R

6g P, e ;! 1111 SE 69 : to two former secret service men Eto if get suggestions so they can,

knowing the background of operations hero, they can help the CIA prepare questions to give to the Department of State. Mr. Dulls. The Department of State will send them without reference but saying from.

Rep. Ford. It mould be a request by the Commission through

the Deeartment of State,

The Chairman. Yes. Mr:'pulles. The Commission Would request the Department of . State, in consonance with their foreign policy, to make an inquiry,

further inquiry -- the Soviet has furnished information, some of it about the United States, not a word about what happened in Russia, two and a half years he was there not a word, and we know --

Rep. Ford. And it would have the authority of a request by

us through proper channels to the Department. Mr.-Dulles. Yes. From some talks I had, incidentally, that

is the way the State Department would like it but they would like to see and I think it would be wise, if the Chairman agrees, and

the Commission agrees, to show the State Department our letter, so

that we don't ask them anything or create a record, I would show them our letter, work it out with Davis or others over there so that they are in entire agreement with what is sent, and the Cl2 I think has sent you today some suggestions as to questions, I don't know whether they have reached ycu yet or not. Mr.. Rankin. They have.

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8 70 Rep. Ford. May I ask ydu this, in reference to your ques-

tion, mr. Chairman? The Chairman. Yes.

Rep. Ford. Does it have to be a matter of record for anybody

other than ourselves and CIA that these individuals within •their agency have perused these documents?.

Mr. Dulles. NO, not unless they yell. . Mr. Rankin. He is afraid they might give it away.

Rep. Ford. 'I see. The Chairman. I thought before we did it,* if we were giving an FBI report to the'CIA for that purpose, ordinarily, I would,

say yes, let them see' everything, but to show to a Russian de- feCtor,- before I did that, before I gdire the CIX a report of the Secret Service or. the FBI, I would want to get the CIA represen-

tative in the same room with the Secret Service and the FBI and tell them, "Now this is the situation we are presented with. Is Ilk . • there any objection to our doing it in this way"? 14(A,) .. Rep. Ford: And have them as a matter of record approve it. The Chairman. Yes, approve it.

Rep. Ford. I think that is fine.

The Chairman. I Heald Ic afraid to do it otherwise, we might get into trouble.

Rep. Ford. I think that is a. good reservation, I agree.

. Thy Chairman. 'Any objection to that, gentlemen?

Mr. Rankin. I would like to have the record show that we

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9 War E E 71 have talked to the State De rtment-dhout designating a man we could talk to about the approach to make to the Soviet Union but we haven't yet gotten their approval to approach the government to-government, and that is to be done yet.

The Chairman. Yes.

Mr. Rankin. So that is still ahead of us.

Sen. Cooper. We are not staking a decision at this moment of showing-these records to these defectors.

.Sen. Russell. I understood if all these different agencies agreed to it, ves.

- The Chairman. Yes.

I. Dulles; May I make just a slight amendment to that be-

-cause if the FBI agrees to have its material, I don't think the

- Secret Service should be able to veto that or vice-versa. It seems to me one should, through this machinery, clear with the agencies whose report it is, and obviously these reports, I don't

:think, would ever be shown to the defectors in the form of an FBI report. They would be told it is a FBI renort.

The Chairmn. We don't know if we giire it to them.

Mr. Dulles. I would just have that arrangement with them. I don't think they ought to be given it as an FBI report. The infor-

mation in the report will be used in interrogating and questioning

these fellowS.

Sch. Cooper. Why then couldn't the CIZ people read the

TS 205690 cy 1 of 1 10 72 report, get from it such information as they needed to interrogate

•these men without ever discussing to them any source?

Er. Dulles. They don't need to disclose this conies from . the FBI or. Secret Service. But if they used, let's say Oswald's

memorandum, then that is different. No matter how that had been obtained, whether it had been obtained by the Secret Service or

the FBI, they would want to show them the tot and maybe the hand

writing and the Russian, some of these things are in Russian, to

the defectors. •

tit. Rankin. Yes. They said they wanted to shCw the par- ticular documents because they also think there may be a possibilit

of codes.

Sen. Cooper. I see. Mt. Rankin. They would want-to go into that, too.

The Chairman. If there are no objections then, gentlerren, that is what we will do.

Et. Dulles. Would it be clear if the agency involved. gives its approval then there is no difficulty, without asking a third

party agency to concur, that is the only thing I was afraid of the way it was stated, Vt. Chairman.

The Chairman. Vela., this whole thing is intermixed, the secret Service found one thing in the hona.of Oswald, the FBI

found another, and somebody else found another:

Now I think beforawe get into the thicket we probably ought to got them all together and if any one of them had a valid reason .

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11 73 why it shouldn't be done,. I.I. _d want to reset it whether it was his record or not. It isn't just permission that we are look- ing for. We are looking for a measure of protection after this thing is all over so there won't be any come back onitfrom any

organization that we disclosed something to the Soviets that were involved in this assassination. I don't see any reason why we should fear any opposition from the other organization if --

Sea; Russell. They will all come out in the same place on that. The Chairman. I think so. Do you have any reason to think otherwise, Allen?

Er. Dulles. I don't know. I don't' think anybody can say, 16r. Chairman. I have no reason. Mr. McCloy. If they do that they can come back to us. Sen.,. Russell.' The chap who vetoed it would be embarrassed. Rep. Boggs. That disposes of that.

The Chairman. We will next go to Item R under Roman Number II, remains of Lee Rarvey Oswald, letters received from Rocholas Batzenbach.

Now that situation. is that this man is Buried in a cemetery, and it takes officers around the clod; to watch him, watch and see that they don't come in and exhume him and do something that would further injure the country, and so it has been suggested that to save expense they exhume him and then cremate him. But

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