DOCSLIB.ORG

© in This Web Service Cambridge University Press

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
© in This Web Service Cambridge University Press Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85332-3 - A Concise History of Poland: Second Edition Jerzy Lukowski and Hubert Zawadzki Index More information INDEX (regnal dates only of rulers are given) Adamkus, Valdas (1926± ) 331 Andrusovo, truce of (1667) 100, 106 Adelaide of Hesse (d. 1371) 33 Anna, Hungarian Jagiellonian princess Adenauer, Konrad (1876±1967 ) 315 (1503±47) 55 Albrecht of Habsburg (1248±1308) antitrinitarians 104 21 Arciszewski, Tomasz (1877±1955) 274, Albrecht of Hohenzollern-Ansbach, 292, 294 Grand Master of the Teutonic Armia Krajowa (AK) see Home Army Knights and ®rst secular ruler of (AK) Ducal Prussia (1525±68) 50, 60 Armia Ludowa (AL) see People's Army Aldona, Lithuanian princess (1309±39) (AL) 25, 33 Arnhem, battle of (1944) 269 Algirdas, Lithuanian prince (1345±77) Askenazy, Szymon (1865±1935) 236 39, 44 Asnyk, Adam (1838±97) 186 Alexander, king of Poland (1501±06) Astrakhan 58 44, 51, 55, 62, 63±4 Augustus II, king of Poland Alexander I, tsar of Russia (1801±25) (1697±1733) 106±9, 112 and king of Poland (1815±25) 140, Augustus III, king of Poland (1733±63) 141, 146±7, 150±2 110±11, 112, 124, 125, 126 Alexander II, tsar of Russia (1855±81) Auschwitz (OsÂwieÎcim) 260, 333 174, 177, 179±80, 183 Austerlitz, battle of (1805) 141 Alexei Mikhailovich, tsar of Muscovy Australia 166, 280 (1645±76) 96 Austria (and Austria-Hungary) 83, 98, Altmark, truce of (1629) 93 104, 106, 109±10, 112, 117±22, Anders, Wadysaw (1892±1970) 267, 123, 127, 128, 131, 137±8, 140±1, 269, 279, 293, 294 147, 156, 184±6, 218, 220, 221 Andrew II, king of Hungary (1205±35) 22 Bacciarelli, Marceli (1731±1818) 142 Andrew III, king of Hungary Badeni, Kazimierz (1846±1909) 185 (1290±1301) 21 Bakunin, Mikhail A. (1824±76) 180 Andrew the Hunchback, prince of Balcerowicz, Leszek (1947± ) 319, Polotsk (1342±87) 40 323 355 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85332-3 - A Concise History of Poland: Second Edition Jerzy Lukowski and Hubert Zawadzki Index More information 356 Index Balicki, Zygmunt (1858±1916) 200 Bolesaw-Iurii, duke of Halych and Bank of Poland 154, 156 Vladimir (1323±40) 27 Bar, Confederacy of (1768±72) 116, Boniface VIII, pope (1294±1303) 21 117 Bo r-Komorowski, Tadeusz Bartel, Kazimierz (1882±1941) 240 (1895±1966) 294 BasanavicÏius, Jonas (1851±1927) 195 Boris Godunov, Tsar of Muscovy Batoh, battle of (1652) 96 (1598±1605) 92 Beck, Jo zef (1894±1944) 247, 251±2 Borysaw 189 Belarus and Belarusians (see also Rus'; Bourbon-Conti, FrancËois Louis de, western gubernii of the Russian prince of (1664±1709) 106 empire) 4, 39, 79, 86, 137, 158, Brandenburg 8, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 36, 179, 191, 195, 205±6, 224, 225, 60, 93, 98, 104 233, 263, 281, 325, 330, 331, 333 Brandt, Willy (1913±92) 303 Belka, Marek (1952± ) 337 Brazil 189 Belorussia see Belarus Breslau see Wrocaw Bem, Jo zef (1794±1850) 172 Brest (BrzesÂcÂ, Brest'-Litovskii), 244 Beresteczko, battle of (1651) 96 Union of (1596) 87±8 Bereza Kartuska 244 Treaty of (1918) 220 Berg, Feodor F. (1793±1874) 179, 181 Briansk 60 Berling, Zygmunt (1896±1980) 268, Brzezin ski, Zbigniew (1928± ) 304, 271, 272 305, 311 Biaystok 141 Brzo ska, Stanisaw (c. 1832±65) 180 Bibikov, Dmitri G. (1792±1870) 165 Buczacz, treaty of (1672) 105 Bierut, Bolesaw (1892±1956) 268, 283, Buda, Privilege of 1355 34, 46 292, 295 Budenny, Semyon (1883±1973) 225, Bismarck, Otto von (1815±98) 180, 229 184, 199, 328 Bug, river 271 Black Death 30 Bund, Jewish socialist party (see also Bobrowski, Stefan (1840±63) 178 Jews) 197, 199, 256 Bobrzyn ski, Micha (1849±1935) 186, Buonaccorsi, Filippo (1437±96) 72 193±4, 206 Buzek, Jerzy (1940± ) 323, 328 Bochnia 32 Bzura, battle on the (1939) 255 Bohemia 2, 3,4, 5, 7, 19±20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 38, 41, 51, 60, 82 Calvinism 76±7, 79, 86, 104 (see also Boleslav I, prince of Bohemia (d. 972) 5 Protestantism) Bolesaw I `the Valiant' (`Chrobry'), Campof Greater Poland (Obo z Wielkiej king of Poland (992±1026) 7, 8±9, Polski) 246 10 Campof National Unity (Ozon) 248 Bolesaw II (1058±81), king of Poland Caprivi, George Leo von (1831±99) 7, 9±10 184 Bolesaw III (1102±38) `Wrymouth' Carlowitz, peace of (1699) 106 (`Krzywousty'), prince of Poland 7, Carter, Jimmy, US president (1924± ) 10, 11, 25 304, 305, 311 Bolesaw the Tall (`Wysoki') Casimir I `the Restorer' (`Odnowiciel'), (1163±1201), duke of Silesia 11, prince of Poland (1039±58) 7 14 Casimir II `the Just' (`Sprawiedliwy'), Bolesaw the Bashful (`Wstydliwy') prince of Poland (1177±94) 11 (1243±79) 15 Casimir III `the Great' king of Poland Bolesaw II, duke of Pock (d. 1313) 19 (1333±70) 26±34, 36, 41 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85332-3 - A Concise History of Poland: Second Edition Jerzy Lukowski and Hubert Zawadzki Index More information Index 357 Casimir IV, king of Poland (1447±92) Christian Democrats 245±6 44, 48, 51, 52, 56, 61, 63 Churchill, Winston (1874±1963) 266, Castlereagh, Robert Stewart 268, 269, 274 (1769±1822) 147 Cieszkowski, August (1814±94) 168 Catherine II `the Great', empress of Cimoszewicz, Wodzimierz (1950± ) Russia (1762±97) 115±6, 117, 339 120, 123±4, 128, 131, 136, 306 cinema in Poland 212, 260, 298 (see Catherine of Habsburg (1533±72) 77 also Smosarska, Jadwiga and Catherine Jagiellon (1526±83) 93 Wajda, Andrzej) Catholic Church in Poland 3, 5, 6, 8±9, Cistercians 14 10,11,14, 17, 22±3, 27, 30, 31±2, Civic Platform (PO) 336, 339, 340 33, 37, 38, 40, 42, 55±6, 61, 65, collectivization (of agriculture) 288, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 86±7, 94, 104, 297, 306 106, 111, 115, 127, 135, 138, 183, Colombia 166 184±5, 195, 201, 202, 205, 216, Comintern (Communist International) 238, 246, 257, 283, 290, 297, 248, 257 299±300, 304, 308, 312, 314, 324, Commission for National Education 339 (see also Uniate (Greek 122 Catholic) Church) Committee for the Defence of Workers Cecora (Tutora), battle of (1620) 92 (KOR) 307 Cegielski, Hipolit (1813±68) 167 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 338 Celtis, Conrad (1459±1508) 72 Commune of the Polish People 166 Central Industrial Region (COP) 250 Communist Party of Poland (KPP) 222, Chamberlain, Neville (1869±1940) 252 223, 245, 249, 265 (see also Polish Charlemagne, Emperor (800±814) 9 Workers' Party (PPR), Polish Charles I Robert of Anjou, king of United Workers' Party (PZPR)) Hungary (1308±42) 21, 25, 26 CondeÂ, Louis II de Bourbon, `the Great Charles IV, king of Bohemia (1346±78), CondeÂ' (1621±86) 100 Holy Roman Emperor (1355±78) `Congress' Kingdom of Poland (under 27 Russian rule 1815±1914) 147, Charles V (1516±56) Holy Roman 156±7, 168, 173±4, 182±3, 187, Emperor emperor 55 189, 193, 202±5, 211±2, 219 Charles IX (1560±74) king of France Conrad I, duke of Masovia (1202±47) 83, 84 18, 22 Charles IX (1604±11) king of Sweden Conrad III, king of Germany 11 93 Conrad von Feuchtwangen (1291±6), Charles X (1654±60) king of Sweden 98 Grand Master of the Teutonic Charles XII (1697±1718) king of Knights 23 Sweden 107, 109, 110 Conrad (Korzeniowski), Joseph Chem 183, 210, 271 (1857±1924) 191 Chemno (Kulm) 22, 25 Constantine Nikolaevich, grand duke Chicago 189 (1827±92) 177, 178, 179 Chile 166 Constantine Pavlovich, grand duke Chopicki, Jo zef (1771±1854) 159±60, (1779±1831) 123, 152, 154, 157, 161 159, 160, 287 Chojnice, battle of (1454) 48 Constantinople 52, 87, 93 Chojnice, Privilege of (1454) 63 Constitutions: Chopin, Fryderyk (FreÂdeÂric) (1810±48) of 3 May 1791 125±8 164, 257, 289 of 1807 142±3 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85332-3 - A Concise History of Poland: Second Edition Jerzy Lukowski and Hubert Zawadzki Index More information 358 Index Constitutions (cont.) Free City of Danzig (1919±39) 224, of 1815 150±1, 162, 178 238±9, 252 of 1919 223 Danzig Pomerania (see West Prussia) of 1921 231, 271 Daszyn ski, Ignacy (1866±1936) 199, of 1935 247, 253 221, 229 of 1947 285 Decembrists (in Russia) 153 of 1952 286 Delavigne, Casimir (1793±1843) 162 amendments of 1975 306 Dembin ski, Henryk (1791±1864) 172 amendments of 1989 317, 319 Dembowski, Edward (1822±46) 169±70 of 1997 324 Democratic Party (SD) 318 Copernicus, Nicholas (1473±1543) 72, Democratic Union (UD) (see also 73, 156 Freedom Union) 321, 322 Cossacks, of the Ukraine 54, 87, 92, Denmark 59, 98 93±6, 100 Dmitrii Donskoi, Grand Prince of Coupd'eÂtat of 1926 240±1 Moscow (1350±89) 40 Courland, duchy of 59 Dmowski, Roman (1864±1939) 200, Crimea 18, 117, 123 203, 205, 208, 209, 210, 218, 219, Crimean Tatars 18, 52, 53±5, 56, 59, 220, 221, 224, 246, 248, 304 69, 75, 78, 96, 106, 117 Dobrava, ®rst wife to Mieszko I 5 Crimean War (1854±56) 173 Dobrzyn 25±6, 27, 30, 34 Cudno w (Khudniv, Khudnov) battle of Domeyko, Ignacy (1802±89) 166 (1660) 85 Dorpat (Tartu) 59 Curzon Line 229, 230, 268, 269, 274 Dresden 111, 112 Cyrankiewicz, Jo zef (1911±89) 285 Drohobycz 189 Czapski, Jo zef (1896±1993) 267 Drzymaa, Micha (1857±1937) 210 Czartoryska, Izabela (1746±1835) 140 DubcÏek, Alexander (1921±92) 302 Czartoryski, Adam Jerzy (1770±1861) Dunajewski, Albin (1817±94) 185 136, 140, 146, 150, 151, 153, 154, DurnkruÈ tt, battle of (1278) 20 157, 159, 161, 164±5, 168±9, 170, Dybowski, Benedykt (1833±89) 191 208 Dzerzhinsky (DzierzÇyn ski) Feliks Czartoryski, August (1697±1782) 115 (1877±1926) 198±9, 225 Czartoryski, family of 112, 117, 123 Czartoryski, Michael (1696±1775) 115 ElblaÎg (Elbing) 48, 68 Czech Republic 323, 325, 332 Electoral Action Solidarity (AWS) 322, Czechoslovakia (see also Czech 334 Republic, Slovakia) 231, 232, 252, Elizabeth, daughter of Wadysaw 263±4, 302, 325, 331±2 okietek (1305±80) 25, 34 Czechs (see also Bohemia) 5, 21, 22, 25, Elizabeth, widow of Louis the Great 32 (c.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ŚREDNIOWIECZE Polskie I Powszechne
    ŚREDNIOWIECZE Polskie i Powszechne Tom 9 (13) ŚREDNIOWIECZEŚREDNIOWIECZE PolskiePolskie i Powszechne Tom 9 (13) pod redakcją Jerzego Sperki i Bożeny Czwojdrak Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego Katowice 2017 Redaktor serii: Historia Sylwester Fertacz Recenzenci dr hab. Janusz Grabowski (Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych w Warszawie) prof. dr hab. Tomasz Jurek (Polska Akademia Nauk, Oddział w Poznaniu) prof. dr hab. Beata Możejko (Uniwersytet Gdański) dr Łukasz Neubauer (Politechnika Koszalińska) dr hab. Andrzej Pleszczyński, prof. UMCS (Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej) dr hab. Sobiesław Szybkowski, prof. UG (Uniwersytet Gdański) dr Marek L. Wójcik (Uniwersytet Wrocławski) dr hab. Paweł Żmudzki (Uniwersytet Warszawski) Rada Naukowa Jerzy Sperka Idzi Panic Bożena Czwojdrak Jakub Morawiec Sobiesław Szybkowski Stanisław Sroka Leontij Wojtowycz Marek L. Wójcik Janusz Grabowski Joanna Sobiesiak Katarzyna Niemczyk Sekretarz Redakcji Iwona Pietrzyk Kodeks Postępowania Etycznego w naszym czasopiśmie oparty jest na standardach Comittee on Pub- lication Ethics (COPE). Szczegółowe informacje dostępne są na stronie: http://historia.us.edu.pl/index. php?pokaz=showart&id=91 Code of Ethic Practices in our journal is based on standards Comittee on Publication Ethics (COPE). For more information look: http://historia.us.edu.pl/index.php?pokaz=showart&id=91 Publikacja jest dostępna w wersji internetowej: Baza Czasopism Humanistycznych i Społecznych www.bazhum.pl Central and Eastern European Online Library www.ceeol.com TreśćTreść Wykaz skrótów instytucji,
    [Show full text]
  • The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV - C
    Cambridge University Press 0521414113 - The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV - c. 1024-c. 1198 Edited by David Luscombe and Jonathan Riley-Smith Index More information INDEX Aachen, 77, 396, 401, 402, 404, 405 Abul-Barakat al-Jarjara, 695, 700 Aaron, bishop of Cologne, 280 Acerra, counts of, 473 ‘Abbadids, kingdom of Seville, 157 Acre ‘Abbas ibn Tamim, 718 11th century, 702, 704, 705 ‘Abbasids 12th century Baghdad, 675, 685, 686, 687, 689, 702 1104 Latin conquest, 647 break-up of empire, 678, 680 1191 siege, 522, 663 and Byzantium, 696 and Ayyubids, 749 caliphate, before First Crusade, 1 fall to crusaders, 708 dynasty, 675, 677 fall to Saladin, 662, 663 response to Fatimid empire, 685–9 Fatimids, 728 abbeys, see monasteries and kingdom of Jerusalem, 654, 662, 664, abbots, 13, 530 667, 668, 669 ‘Abd Allah al-Ziri, king of Granada, 156, 169–70, Pisans, 664 180, 181, 183 trade, 727 ‘Abd al-Majid, 715 13th century, 749 ‘Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, 155, 158, 160, 163, 165 Adalasia of Sicily, 648 ‘Abd al-Mu’min, 487 Adalbero, bishop of Wurzburg,¨ 57 ‘Abd al-Rahman (Shanjul), 155, 156 Adalbero of Laon, 146, 151 ‘Abd al-Rahman III, 156, 159 Adalbert, archbishop of Mainz, 70, 71, 384–5, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ilyas, 682 388, 400, 413, 414 Abelard of Conversano, 109, 110, 111, 115 Adalbert, bishop of Prague, 277, 279, 284, 288, Aberconwy, 599 312 Aberdeen, 590 Adalbert, bishop of Wolin, 283 Abergavenny, 205 Adalbert, king of Italy, 135 Abernethy agreement, 205 Adalgar, chancellor, 77 Aberteifi, 600 Adam of Bremen, 295 Abingdon, 201, 558 Adam of
    [Show full text]
  • 30 Tadeusz Wasilewski Brata Przybysława, Księcia Stodoran4
    TADEUSZ WASILEWSKI (Warszawa) POCHODZENIE EMNILDY, TRZECIEJ ŻONY BOLESŁAWA CHROBREGO A GENEZA POLSKIEGO WŁADZTWA NAD MORAWAMI Do spornych, dotąd nie rozwiązanych zagadnień z wczesnych dziejów dynastii piastowskiej należy pochodzenie Emnildy — długoletniej mał­ żonki Bolesława Chrobrego, matki Mieszka II. O Emnildzie mamy jedynie unikalny przekaz współczesnego jej kronikarza saskiego, biskupa merse- burskiego Thietmara: tertia (uxor Bolizlavi) fuit Emnildis, edita a vene­ rabili seniore Dobremiro1. Dowiadujemy się z tych słów, jak to wykazał w 1895 r. Oswald Bal­ zer, że ojciec, określony mianem venerabilis senior, był chrześcijańskim księciem, a jego słowiańskie imię sytuuje jego księstwo na Słowiańszczyź- nie. Wymienienie go wyłącznie z imienia, bez podania bliższych określeń, zwłaszcza geograficznych, wskazuje, że był on postacią znaną dobrze ko­ mesom i duchownym saskim jako adresatom kroniki Thiettmara. Na związ­ ki Dobromira, może nawet pokrewieństwo z arystokracją niemiecką, wska­ zuje niemieckie imię córki Emmildis, a być może również imię wnuczki Regelindis. Księstwo Dobromira położone było ponadto również w pobliżu granic państwa Mieszka I, gdyż kolejne małżeństwa zawierane przez Bole­ sława Chrobrego za życia ojca miały wybitnie polityczny charakter2. Na podstawie powyższych wskazówek poszukiwano ojczyzny Dobro­ mira w jednym z księstw słowiańskich, znajdujących się w zasięgu wpły­ wów niemieckich, którego chrześcijańscy władcy znani byli dobrze Sa­ som. Umiejscawiano zatem księcia Dobromira przede wszystkim na Połabiu. Oswald Balzer uważał, że był on księciem jakiegoś ludu w Słowiańszczyź- nie północno-zachodniej i zwracał uwagę na występowanie już w X w. wśród Obodrzyców chrześcijańskich książąts. Stanisław Zakrzewski wi­ dział w nim ostatniego księcia Milczan, czyli południowych Łużyczan lub 1 Kronika Thietmara. Z tekstu łacińskiego przetłumaczył, wstępem poprzedził i k o m en ta rzami opatrzył M.
    [Show full text]
  • 15Th-17Th Century) Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary (15Th-17Th Century) Edited by Giovanna Siedina
    45 BIBLIOTECA DI STUDI SLAVISTICI Giovanna Siedina Giovanna Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Civilization in the Slavic World Civilization in the Slavic World (15th-17th Century) Civilization in the Slavic World of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Essays on the Spread (15th-17th Century) edited by Giovanna Siedina FUP FIRENZE PRESUNIVERSITYS BIBLIOTECA DI STUDI SLAVISTICI ISSN 2612-7687 (PRINT) - ISSN 2612-7679 (ONLINE) – 45 – BIBLIOTECA DI STUDI SLAVISTICI Editor-in-Chief Laura Salmon, University of Genoa, Italy Associate editor Maria Bidovec, University of Naples L’Orientale, Italy Scientific Board Rosanna Benacchio, University of Padua, Italy Maria Cristina Bragone, University of Pavia, Italy Claudia Olivieri, University of Catania, Italy Francesca Romoli, University of Pisa, Italy Laura Rossi, University of Milan, Italy Marco Sabbatini, University of Pisa, Italy International Scientific Board Giovanna Brogi Bercoff, University of Milan, Italy Maria Giovanna Di Salvo, University of Milan, Italy Alexander Etkind, European University Institute, Italy Lazar Fleishman, Stanford University, United States Marcello Garzaniti, University of Florence, Italy Harvey Goldblatt, Yale University, United States Mark Lipoveckij, University of Colorado-Boulder , United States Jordan Ljuckanov, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria Roland Marti, Saarland University, Germany Michael Moser, University of Vienna, Austria Ivo Pospíšil, Masaryk University, Czech Republic Editorial Board Giuseppe Dell’Agata, University of Pisa, Italy Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Civilization in the Slavic World (15th-17th Century) edited by Giovanna Siedina FIRENZE UNIVERSITY PRESS 2020 Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Civilization in the Slavic World (15th- 17th Century) / edited by Giovanna Siedina. – Firenze : Firenze University Press, 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Chairman's Piece
    ISSN 1756-753X AARGnews The newsletter of the Aerial Archaeology Research Group Number 54 March 2017 Contents Editorial 4 AARG Chairpiece: March 2017 by Rachel Opitz 7 Student/young researchers’ scholarships for AARG 2017 8 AARG 2017: First call for papers 9 AARG notices: Derrick Riley Bursary 10 ISAP Fund Information for contributors Fantastic Images (and where to find them) by Davide Danelli 11 Palimpsests of medieval landscapes. A case study from Lower Silesia Region, Poland by Grzegorz Kiarszys 21 Cropmarks 37 Books of interest? 40 Maurizio Forte and Stefano Campana (eds), 2016. Digital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology. Allan S Gilbert (ed), 2017. Encylopedia of Geoarchaeology. J Henry Fair, 2016. Industrial Scars: The Hidden Costs of Consumption. Máté Szabó, 2016. Aerial archaeological work in Hungary in 2011. Gianluca Cantoro, Jeremia Pelgrom and Tesse D. Stek, 2016. Reading a difficult landscape from the air. A methodological case-study from a WWII airfield in South Italy. Łukasz Banaszek, 2015. Przeszłe krajobrazy w chmurze punktów (Past landscapes in the point cloud). Federica Boschi, 2016. Non-destructive field evaluation in Preventive Archaeology. Looking at the current situation in Europe. Francesco Benassi, et al, 2017. Testing Accuracy and Repeatability of UAV Blocks Oriented with GNSS- Supported Aerial Triangulation. Christopher Stewart , 2017. Detection of Archaeological Residues in Vegetated Areas Using Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar. Free downloads: Council for British Archaeology, RCHME inventories, Dave Cowley publications Papers of interest? As yet unread 44 AARG: general information, membership, addresses, student scholarships 45 AARGnews is the newsletter of the Aerial Archaeology Research Group Published twice yearly in March and September Photo copyright © Rog Palmer: 22 March 2012 Edited by Rog Palmer [email protected] [Cover photo.
    [Show full text]
  • John III Sobieski at Vienna
    John III Sobieski at Vienna John III Sobieski at Vienna Lesson plan (Polish) Lesson plan (English) Bibliografia: [w:] Jan III Sobieski, List do królowej Marii Kazimiery, oprac. Leszek Kukulski, red. , wybór , Warszawa 1962. John III Sobieski at Vienna John III Sobieski’s entry to Vienna Source: Wjazd Jana III Sobieskiego do Wiednia, domena publiczna. Link to the lesson You will learn where from and why did Ottoman Turks come to Europe; what is the history of Polish and Turkish relations in the 17th century; who was John III Sobieski and what are his merits for Poland; what is the history of the victory of Polish army – battle of Vienna of 1683. Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Since the 14th century the Ottoman Empire (the name comes from Osman – tribe leader from the medieval times) had been creating with conquests a great empire encompassing wide territories of Asia Minor, Middle East, North Africa and Europe. In Europe almost the whole Balkan Peninsula was under the sultan (Turkish ruler). The Turks threatened Poland and the Habsburg monarchy (Austria). Transylvania, Wallachia and Moldova (duchies which are parts of present‐day Romania and Moldova) were a bone of contention. In 1683 Vienna, the capital of Austria, was besieged by the Turkish army. Polish king John III Sobieski concluded an alliance with the emperor Leopold I. United Polish and German armies under the command of the Polish monarch came to the relief of Austrian capital. On 12th September 1683 there was a great battle of Vienna where John III magnificently defeated Turks. Polish mercenaries (Hussars) and artillery had the key role there.
    [Show full text]
  • The Teutonic Order and the Baltic Crusades
    Western Oregon University Digital Commons@WOU Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) Department of History 6-10-2019 The eutT onic Order and the Baltic Crusades Alex Eidler Western Oregon University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his Part of the European History Commons, Medieval History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Eidler, Alex, "The eT utonic Order and the Baltic Crusades" (2019). Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History). 273. https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his/273 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at Digital Commons@WOU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@WOU. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. The Teutonic Order and the Baltic Crusades By Alex Eidler Senior Seminar: Hst 499 Professor David Doellinger Western Oregon University June 5, 2019 Readers Professor Elizabeth Swedo Professor David Doellinger Copyright © Alex Eidler, 2019 Eidler 1 Introduction When people think of Crusades, they often think of the wars in the Holy Lands rather than regions inside of Europe, which many believe to have already been Christian. The Baltic Crusades began during the Second Crusade (1147-1149) but continued well into the fifteenth century. Unlike the crusades in the Holy Lands which were initiated to retake holy cities and pilgrimage sites, the Baltic crusades were implemented by the German archbishoprics of Bremen and Magdeburg to combat pagan tribes in the Baltic region which included Estonia, Prussia, Lithuania, and Latvia.1 The Teutonic Order, which arrived in the Baltic region in 1226, was successful in their smaller initial campaigns to combat raiders, as well as in their later crusades to conquer and convert pagan tribes.
    [Show full text]
  • My Two-Week Exchange in Poland by Sang Hyub Kim ('18)
    New York College of Podiatric Medicine NYCPM NEWS FOOTPRINTS, VOL. 4 NO. 7, JULY 2017 My Two-Week Exchange in Poland By Sang Hyub Kim (’18) Rehabilitation Clinic – Ortopedicum. From left to right: Małgorzata Kulesa-Mrowiecka, MSc, PhD, the Deputy Director of the Institute of Physiotherapy of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Sang Hyub Kim, and Bożena Latała, Msc, the Chief of Rehabilitation Department in Ortopedicum. Sang Hyub Kim (’18) recently completed a two-week exchange in Poland at the Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie (Jagiellonian University in Kraków). Founded in 1364 by Kazimierz III Wielki (Casimir III the Great), Jagiellonian University is the oldest university in Poland. Halina M. Semla-Pulaski, MS, DPM (’89), a Trustee of the NYCPM, organized this exchange program. Dr. Semla-Pulaski developed contacts with the faculties through her mentor and friend, Jolanta Jaworek, MD, PhD. Dr. Jaworek was a former Dean of the Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu (Department of Health and Sciences) and holds the highest title and distinction of “Profes- sor” in the Polish academia. Kim spent his first week in the Oddział Kliniczny Ortopedii i Rehabilitacji (Clinical Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation) of the University Hospital, shadowing orthopedic surgeons – Artur Gądek, MD, (Professor of Jagiellonian University), a hip and knee specialist and Henryk Liszka, MD, a foot and ankle specialist. Under the supervision of Dr. Liszka, Kim was allowed to scrub into several forefoot surgeries such as arthroplasty, percutaneous scarf and the Akin procedure. Moreover, Kim observed complicated cases including triple arthrodesis, clubfoot reconstruction, ankle arthroscopy and osteochondral lesion resection. In the second week, Kim visited few rehabilitation and physical therapy centers outside of the main cam- pus involved in the Institute of Physiotherapy at Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum.
    [Show full text]
  • Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe New Perspectives on Modern Jewish History
    Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe New Perspectives on Modern Jewish History Edited by Cornelia Wilhelm Volume 8 Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe Shared and Comparative Histories Edited by Tobias Grill An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org ISBN 978-3-11-048937-8 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-049248-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-048977-4 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Grill, Tobias. Title: Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe : shared and comparative histories / edited by/herausgegeben von Tobias Grill. Description: [Berlin] : De Gruyter, [2018] | Series: New perspectives on modern Jewish history ; Band/Volume 8 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018019752 (print) | LCCN 2018019939 (ebook) | ISBN 9783110492484 (electronic Portable Document Format (pdf)) | ISBN 9783110489378 (hardback) | ISBN 9783110489774 (e-book epub) | ISBN 9783110492484 (e-book pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Jews--Europe, Eastern--History. | Germans--Europe, Eastern--History. | Yiddish language--Europe, Eastern--History. | Europe, Eastern--Ethnic relations. | BISAC: HISTORY / Jewish. | HISTORY / Europe / Eastern. Classification: LCC DS135.E82 (ebook) | LCC DS135.E82 J495 2018 (print) | DDC 947/.000431--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018019752 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de.
    [Show full text]
  • 17 Infidel Turks and Schismatic Russians in Late Medieval Livonia
    Madis Maasing 17 Infidel Turks and Schismatic Russians in Late Medieval Livonia 17.1 Introduction At the beginning of the sixteenth century, political rhetoric in Livonia was shaped by the threat posed by an alien power: Following a significant deterio- ration in the relations between the Catholic Livonian territories and their mighty Eastern Orthodox neighbour – the Grand Duchy of Moscow – war broke out, lasting from 1501 to 1503, with renewed armed conflict remaining an immi- nent threat until 1509. During this period of confrontation, and afterwards, the Livonians (i.e., the political elite of Livonia) fulminated in their political writ- ings about the gruesome, schismatic, and even infidel Russians, who posed a threat not only to Livonia, but to Western Christendom in general. In the Holy Roman Empire and at the Roman Curia, these allegations were quite favoura- bly received. Arguably, the Livonians’ greatest success took the form of a papal provision for two financially profitable anti-Russian indulgence campaigns (1503–1510). For various political reasons, the motif of a permanent and general ‘Russian threat’ had ongoing currency in Livonia up until the Livonian War (1558–1583). Even after the collapse of the Livonian territories, the Russian threat motif continued to be quite effectively used by other adversaries of Mos- cow – e.g., Poland-Lithuania and Sweden. I will focus here first and foremost on what was behind the initial success of the Russian threat motif in Livonia, but I will also address why it persisted for as long as it did. A large part of its success was the fact that it drew upon a similar phenomenon – the ‘Turkish threat’,1 which played a significant role in the political rhetoric of Early Modern Europe, especially in south-eastern 1 This research was supported by the Estonian Research Council’s PUT 107 programme, “Me- dieval Livonia: European Periphery and its Centres (Twelfth–Sixteenth Centuries)”, and by the European Social Fund’s Doctoral Studies and Internationalization Programme DoRa, which is carried out by Foundation Archimedes.
    [Show full text]
  • Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P
    Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P Namur** . NOP-1 Pegonitissa . NOP-203 Namur** . NOP-6 Pelaez** . NOP-205 Nantes** . NOP-10 Pembridge . NOP-208 Naples** . NOP-13 Peninton . NOP-210 Naples*** . NOP-16 Penthievre**. NOP-212 Narbonne** . NOP-27 Peplesham . NOP-217 Navarre*** . NOP-30 Perche** . NOP-220 Navarre*** . NOP-40 Percy** . NOP-224 Neuchatel** . NOP-51 Percy** . NOP-236 Neufmarche** . NOP-55 Periton . NOP-244 Nevers**. NOP-66 Pershale . NOP-246 Nevil . NOP-68 Pettendorf* . NOP-248 Neville** . NOP-70 Peverel . NOP-251 Neville** . NOP-78 Peverel . NOP-253 Noel* . NOP-84 Peverel . NOP-255 Nordmark . NOP-89 Pichard . NOP-257 Normandy** . NOP-92 Picot . NOP-259 Northeim**. NOP-96 Picquigny . NOP-261 Northumberland/Northumbria** . NOP-100 Pierrepont . NOP-263 Norton . NOP-103 Pigot . NOP-266 Norwood** . NOP-105 Plaiz . NOP-268 Nottingham . NOP-112 Plantagenet*** . NOP-270 Noyers** . NOP-114 Plantagenet** . NOP-288 Nullenburg . NOP-117 Plessis . NOP-295 Nunwicke . NOP-119 Poland*** . NOP-297 Olafsdotter*** . NOP-121 Pole*** . NOP-356 Olofsdottir*** . NOP-142 Pollington . NOP-360 O’Neill*** . NOP-148 Polotsk** . NOP-363 Orleans*** . NOP-153 Ponthieu . NOP-366 Orreby . NOP-157 Porhoet** . NOP-368 Osborn . NOP-160 Port . NOP-372 Ostmark** . NOP-163 Port* . NOP-374 O’Toole*** . NOP-166 Portugal*** . NOP-376 Ovequiz . NOP-173 Poynings . NOP-387 Oviedo* . NOP-175 Prendergast** . NOP-390 Oxton . NOP-178 Prescott . NOP-394 Pamplona . NOP-180 Preuilly . NOP-396 Pantolph . NOP-183 Provence*** . NOP-398 Paris*** . NOP-185 Provence** . NOP-400 Paris** . NOP-187 Provence** . NOP-406 Pateshull . NOP-189 Purefoy/Purifoy . NOP-410 Paunton . NOP-191 Pusterthal .
    [Show full text]
  • The Grunwald Trail
    n the Grunwald fi elds thousands of soldiers stand opposite each other. Hidden below the protec- tive shield of their armour, under AN INVITATION Obanners waving in the wind, they hold for an excursion along long lances. Horses impatiently tear their bridles and rattle their hooves. Soon the the Grunwald Trail iron regiments will pounce at each other, to clash in a deadly battle And so it hap- pens every year, at the same site knights from almost the whole of Europe meet, reconstructing events which happened over six hundred years ago. It is here, on the fi elds between Grunwald, Stębark and Łodwigowo, where one of the biggest battles of Medieval Europe took place on July . The Polish and Lithuanian- Russian army, led by king Władysław Jagiełło, crushed the forces of the Teutonic Knights. On the battlefi eld, knights of the order were killed, together with their chief – the great Master Ulrich von Jungingen. The Battle of Grunwald, a triumph of Polish and Lithuanian weapons, had become the symbol of power of the common monarchy. When fortune abandoned Poland and the country was torn apart by the invaders, reminiscence of the battle became the inspiration for generations remembering the past glory and the fi ght for national independence. Even now this date is known to almost every Pole, and the annual re- enactment of the battle enjoys great popularity and attracts thousands of spectators. In Stębark not only the museum and the battlefi eld are worth visiting but it is also worthwhile heading towards other places related to the great battle with the Teutonic Knights order.
    [Show full text]