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How Does Religion Matter Today in Poland? Secularization in Europe and the 'Causa Polonia Semper Fidelis' Arnold, Maik
www.ssoar.info How Does Religion Matter Today in Poland? Secularization in Europe and the 'Causa Polonia Semper Fidelis' Arnold, Maik Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Sammelwerksbeitrag / collection article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Arnold, M. (2012). How Does Religion Matter Today in Poland? Secularization in Europe and the 'Causa Polonia Semper Fidelis'. In M. Arnold, & P. Łukasik (Eds.), Europe and America in the Mirror: Culture, Economy, and History (pp. 199-238). Krakau: Nomos. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-337806 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Weiterverbreitung - keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Redistribution - no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, non- Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, transferable, individual and limited right to using this document. persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses This document is solely intended for your personal, non- Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für commercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. all copyright information and other information regarding legal Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie document in public. dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder conditions of use. -
Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P
Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P Namur** . NOP-1 Pegonitissa . NOP-203 Namur** . NOP-6 Pelaez** . NOP-205 Nantes** . NOP-10 Pembridge . NOP-208 Naples** . NOP-13 Peninton . NOP-210 Naples*** . NOP-16 Penthievre**. NOP-212 Narbonne** . NOP-27 Peplesham . NOP-217 Navarre*** . NOP-30 Perche** . NOP-220 Navarre*** . NOP-40 Percy** . NOP-224 Neuchatel** . NOP-51 Percy** . NOP-236 Neufmarche** . NOP-55 Periton . NOP-244 Nevers**. NOP-66 Pershale . NOP-246 Nevil . NOP-68 Pettendorf* . NOP-248 Neville** . NOP-70 Peverel . NOP-251 Neville** . NOP-78 Peverel . NOP-253 Noel* . NOP-84 Peverel . NOP-255 Nordmark . NOP-89 Pichard . NOP-257 Normandy** . NOP-92 Picot . NOP-259 Northeim**. NOP-96 Picquigny . NOP-261 Northumberland/Northumbria** . NOP-100 Pierrepont . NOP-263 Norton . NOP-103 Pigot . NOP-266 Norwood** . NOP-105 Plaiz . NOP-268 Nottingham . NOP-112 Plantagenet*** . NOP-270 Noyers** . NOP-114 Plantagenet** . NOP-288 Nullenburg . NOP-117 Plessis . NOP-295 Nunwicke . NOP-119 Poland*** . NOP-297 Olafsdotter*** . NOP-121 Pole*** . NOP-356 Olofsdottir*** . NOP-142 Pollington . NOP-360 O’Neill*** . NOP-148 Polotsk** . NOP-363 Orleans*** . NOP-153 Ponthieu . NOP-366 Orreby . NOP-157 Porhoet** . NOP-368 Osborn . NOP-160 Port . NOP-372 Ostmark** . NOP-163 Port* . NOP-374 O’Toole*** . NOP-166 Portugal*** . NOP-376 Ovequiz . NOP-173 Poynings . NOP-387 Oviedo* . NOP-175 Prendergast** . NOP-390 Oxton . NOP-178 Prescott . NOP-394 Pamplona . NOP-180 Preuilly . NOP-396 Pantolph . NOP-183 Provence*** . NOP-398 Paris*** . NOP-185 Provence** . NOP-400 Paris** . NOP-187 Provence** . NOP-406 Pateshull . NOP-189 Purefoy/Purifoy . NOP-410 Paunton . NOP-191 Pusterthal . -
April / May 2013 Newsletter
April / May 2013 The Recession Has Demonstrated The Importance Of Our Mission: An Update On “PASS” Polish American Social Services, United Social Services Serving Philadelphia & Southeastern Pennsylvania Effective and Efficient Agency PASS Helps Save Money PASS has earned a reputation as a highly effective and efficient PASS works with thousands of constituents annually, saving component of the social services delivery system in the Philadelphia government and agencies millions of dollars in the long run. Through area due to its comprehensive benefits counseling, information/ the efforts of PASS’s staff, individual constituents could receive up to referral, and advocacy services to constituents. Its unique $1,000 in benefits from various income enhancing programs. These contribution to social services is that it addresses the needs of a rebate programs allow them to stretch their annual budget, add to largely under-served community with language and cultural barriers the economy and help them remain more self-sufficient. that block access to programs and services that build constituents’ Approximately 90% of PASS’s constituents manage to remain self- self-sufficiency, self-esteem, and overall physical and mental well sufficient and in their own homes. being. Ongoing PASS Program Objectives Include: A Community Resource For Thousands 1. To enable constituents to make better use of available income PASS, also known as United Social Services, is a multi-service through timely and well-informed income management and agency with a thorough knowledge of numerous resources and the benefits counseling including low and moderate income programs flexibility to meet varied and complex constituent needs. In addition such as: PA Property Tax/Rent Rebates, LIHEAP, PACE, and to assisting constituents from the Polish/Slavic community in services offered by other agencies which promote self-sufficiency Southeastern Pennsylvania, PASS is a referral point for six additional and a reasonable quality of life. -
Na Tropie Najdawniejszych Polskich Podań Narodowych Podanie O Popielu I Piaście *
PRZEGLĄD ZACHODNI 1987, n r 5 - S JERZY STRZELCZYK P o z n a ń NA TROPIE NAJDAWNIEJSZYCH POLSKICH PODAŃ NARODOWYCH PODANIE O POPIELU I PIAŚCIE * I. Nie tylko uczonym XIX i XX w. nie dawał spokoju brak autentycz nych wiadomości o najdawniejszych, wyprzedzających panowanie Miesz ka I, dziejach naszego państwa. Jak wiadomo, najwcześniejsze informacje dotyczące państw a polańskiego pochodzą z 963 lub 965 r. Są to znane każdemu historykowi informacje saskiego kronikarza Widukinda z Kor- bei (i późniejszego o kilka dziesięcioleci biskupa merseburskiego Thiet- mara), żydowskiego kupca z dalekiej Hiszpanii — Ibrahima ibn Jakuba, różnych roczników niemieckich i polskich (te ostatnie znamy wprawdzie jedynie w znacznie późniejszych przekazach, ale „mieszkowa” warstwa informacji rocznikarskich wydaje się być współczesna lub prawie współ czesna opisywanym wydarzeniom). W świetle tych nielicznych, ale doniosłych informacji nie ulega naj mniejszej wątpliwości, że około 960 r. państwo polańskie było już two rem stosunkowo rozległym i dobrze urządzonym, musiało więc mieć za sobą przynajmniej kilka dziesięcioleci wcześniejszej historii. I ta właśnie wcześniejsza historia wymyka się poznaniu naukowemu. Tymczasem badania archeologiczne przyczyniły się do pełniejszego poznania ówczesnego społeczeństwa polańskiego, jego kultury material nej i niektórych urządzeń społecznych. Potężne IX-X-wieczne grody w Gnieźnie i Poznaniu „krzyczą” wręcz o trudzie, z jakim związana była ich budowa, o władzy, która zdolna była przeprowadzić takie budowle °raz o potrzebach, -
Chapter I. the State System of Old Poland (Up to 1795)
Chapter I. The state system of Old Poland (up to 1795) § 1. Patrimonial monarchy I. The rise of the Polish state 1. The clan-tribe system and its collapse Pre-Polish tribes belonged among the Western Slavs. They arrived in the area located between the Oder and Bug rivers, on one hand, and the Carpathians and the Baltic Sea, on the other, during the Migration Period, most probably in the 6th century. The basic unit of Slav society was the clan. Initially, it included all those who originated from the same ancestor (agnatic), but with time a clan which consisted of relatives on both the father’s and the mother’s side (cognat- ic) became predominant. It served religious, military, economic, social, as well as protective purposes. Usually, the members of the clan inhabited a single set- tlement. The clan consisted of families. A number of clans would form a tribe, which was based on common ances- try as well, but also served state functions. The state-forming process started first within the so-calledsmall tribes inhabiting an area of up to 10,000 sq. km. These would combine to form a larger structure, i.e. the large tribe, which comprised a loose association of multiple small tribes. This process became more evident especially in the 8th century. Tribal associations formed in such a way occupied an area of up to 40,000 sq. km. The most important ones were: the Vistulans, the Polans, the Goplans, the Lendians, the Silesians, the Masovi- ans and the Pomeranians. Superior authority in a small tribal state was held by the veche (congress). -
The Realm of Mieszko I. Contribution to the Study
Historia Slavorum Occidentis 2016, nr 2(11) ISSN 2084–1213 DOI: 10.15804/hso160201 MARCIN DANIELEWSKI (POZNAŃ) TTHEHE RREALMEALM OOFF MMIESZKOIESZKO II.. CCONTRIBUTIONONTRIBUTION TTOO TTHEHE SSTUDYTUDY OONN FFORTIFIEDORTIFIED SSETTLEMENTS*ETTLEMENTS* Słowa kluczowe: grody, władztwo Mieszka I, Gniezno, Grzybowo, Poznań Keywords: strongholds, the realm of Mieszko I, Gniezno, Grzybowo, Poznań Abstract: The paper discusses the organisation of the realm of Mieszko I based on a network of strongholds. It seeks to examine the functions of fortifi ed settlements and Mieszko’s engagement in the construction of strongholds. IIntroductionntroduction 2016 marks the 1050th anniversary of the baptism of Mieszko I. A fasci- nating research subject, there is no much we actually know of the fi rst his- torical Polish ruler from the Piast dynasty, even though several books have sought to explore the issue1. There has been an ongoing debate on the origins of Christianity, the establishment of the Church on Polish soil or the oldest A research project funded under the 2014–2019 programme of the Minister of Science and Higher Education (‘The National Programme for the Development of Humanities’), project no. 0040/NPRH3/H11/82/2014. 1 J. Strzelczyk, Mieszko Pierwszy, 2nd edition, Poznań 1999; G. Labuda, Mieszko I, Wro- cław 2002; P. Urbańczyk, Mieszko Pierwszy Tajemniczy, Toruń 2012. It must be empha- sised that the latter book is marked by several weaknesses, as D.A. Sikorski has convinc- ingly demonstrated, Mieszko Pierwszy Tajemniczy i jeszcze bardziej tajemnicza metoda hi- storiografi czna, Roczniki Historyczne 79 (2013), pp 183–203; idem, Mieszko I mniej już tajemniczy (odpowiedź Przemysławowi Urbańczykowi), Roczniki Historyczne 80 (2014), pp 279–288. -
The New Cambridge Medieval History
The New Cambridge Medieval History The fourth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the eleventh and twelfth centuries, which comprised perhaps the most dynamic period in the European middle ages. This is a history of Europe, but the continent is interpreted widely to include the Near East and North Africa as well. The volume is divided into two Parts of which this, the second, deals with the course of events, ecclesiastical and secular, and major developments in an age marked by the transformation of the position of the papacy in a process fuelled by a radical reformation of the church, the decline of the western and eastern empires, the rise of western kingdoms and Italian elites, and the development of governmental structures, the beginnings of the recovery of Spain from the Moors and the establishment of western settlements in the eastern Mediterranean region in the wake of the crusades. Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 The New Cambridge Medieval History editorial board David Abulafia Rosamond McKitterick Martin Brett Edward Powell Simon Keynes Jonathan Shepard Peter Linehan Peter Spufford Volume iv c. 1024–c. 1198 Part ii Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 THE NEW CAMBRIDGE MEDIEVAL HISTORY Volume IV c. 1024–c. 1198 Part II edited by DAVID LUSCOMBE Professor of Medieval History, University of Sheffield and JONATHAN RILEY-SMITH Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History, University of Cambridge Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2008 Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sa~o Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge ,UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/ © Cambridge University Press This book is in copyright. -
Perception of Common Sense of Slavic Community in Polish and Bohemian Medieval Chronicles
http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.03.06 Studia Ceranea 3, 2013, p. 83–100 Adam Mesiarkin (Bratislava) Examining the Slavic identity in Middle Ages Perception of common sense of Slavic community in Polish and Bohemian Medieval Chronicles The closing report of a press centre of the organizing committee of the tenth Slavic Congress (Kiev, November 2010) does not discuss only a concept of the lit- erary reciprocity. Firstly, it presents a complex ideological program which includes cultural, economical as well as political integration. Secondly, it encourages work with the youth, ecological education and inspires re-establishment of the forgot- ten spirituality. The report also highlights the necessity of mutual communica- tion among scholars, journalists, politicians, artists, sportsmen and businessmen1. There is no need to emphasise that the main idea of this congress – in the mecha- nism of throwback– refers to the distant historical Slavic unity. The identification with the ethnonym Slav has alternately appeared in both Czech and Polish history along the development of an idea of Slavic nations/tribes’ congeniality. The question of Slavic identity is essentially interconnected with such terms as ethnogenesis and topogenesis. The problem is that a great number of previous- ly published works intended to discuss ethnogenesis does not address the ques- tions of mechanisms behind the emergence of the Slavic identity. This has been caused by inadequate methodology as well as terminology. Since written accounts are rather scarce, it is necessary to apply an archaeological and a linguistic ap- proach while researching the question of Slavic ethnogenesis as a process of form- ing and transforming identity. -
Nasze Polskie Początki (Według Jerzego Gruszki)
Nasze polskie początki (według Jerzego Gruszki) WYBRANE PROBLEMY Jelenia Góra 2019 Autor: JERZY GRUSZKA: R. 1, 2, 3, 4.1, Zakończenie Redakcja: ROMUALD WITCZAK: Wstęp, R 4.2 SPIS TREŚCI WSTĘP ................................................................................................... 4 ROZDZIAŁ 1. O ważniejszych elementach naszego życia społecznego ........... 6 1.1. Słowiańskie korzenie .............................................................................. 6 1.2. Istotne (wybrane) terminy ważne do rozumienia ówczesnych warunków życia ........................................................................................................ 9 ROZDZIAŁ 2. O naszych państwowych początkach....................................... 13 2.1. Początki państwowości i piastowskiej dynastii ..................................... 13 2.2. Organizacja władzy w początkach naszej państwowości ...................... 18 2.3. O roku 1000 i 1025 inaczej ................................................................... 22 ROZDZIAŁ 3. Wierzenia naszych przodków .................................................. 26 3.1. Wierzenia Słowian ................................................................................ 26 3.2. Chrystianizacja ziem polskich .............................................................. 32 3.3. Nasi święci patroni ............................................................................... 42 Św. Wojciech ......................................................................................... 42 Św. Stanisław ze -
The Social Groups of Medieval Silesia Examined in the Context of Their Political Activity (From the Last Decades of the 12Th Century to the 15Th Century)
Przemysław Wiszewski University of Wrocław Region-integrating or region-disintegrating? The social groups of medieval Silesia examined in the context of their political activity (from the last decades of the 12th century to the 15th century) Abstract: Activities of social groups, which develop relations between the members of a society, constitute a crucial aspect of every region’s character. Did the political and social elite of the Odra region in the period from the latter part of the 12th century to the latter part of the 15th century engage in inten- tional and coordinated activity? Or did they, after being forced by external factors to take such action, continue to coordinate their activities after these external factors ceased to be operative? Yet another question is whether the members of this political elite considered the notion of a unified, territorial unit called “Silesia” in their activities? Various political undertakings of the Odra region’s elite in the Middle Ages makes establishing a uni- fied model of the formation of regional unity unfeasible. Joint political actions undertaken by the dukes maintained an awareness of Silesia’s unity despite their and their courts’ tendency to focus on the im- portance of their particular duchies. The dukes, via conventions and confederations, focused their activities on building a sense of regional community. Despite extensive cooperation on various issues which crossed the borders of individual duchies, separatist tendencies were still visible in the latter part of the 14th and early 15th centuries. Silesian society, forged through the political activities of its elite, was by nature a network which reacted dynamically to influences from its external environment. -
Na Marginesie Książek Jacka Banaszkiewicza I Czesława Deptuły1)
PAWEŁ ZMUDZKI Uniwersytet Warszawski Instytut Historyczny Spór o analizę strukturalną podań i mitów dotyczących „Początku” Polski (na marginesie książek Jacka Banaszkiewicza i Czesława Deptuły1) Historycy zawsze mieli problem z kwestią „Początku”, zwłaszcza kiedy origo badane go zagadnienia kryla się w czasach zamierzchłych, zagubiona gdzieś pośród starożytnych i średniowiecznych dziejów różnych ludów czy instytucji. Najpierw sięgnijmy do przykładu historii bez początku. Gdy ojciec średniowiecznej historiografii, „galijski Herodot” — Grzegorz z Tours, w rozdziale dziewiątym II księgi swoich Decem Libri Historiarum przy stąpił do opisywania czynów ludu Franków, uporczywie starał się ustalić, kto był pierwszym królem frankijskim. Usiłowania pozostały bezskuteczne. Obszerna kwerenda w dziełach historyków późnoantycznych nie przyniosła rezultatu, a frankijskiej wersji „Początku” (z motywem nadprzyrodzonego pochodzenia Merowingów czy mitem trojańskim) Grze gorz albo nie znał, albo go ona nie satysfakcjonowała. Jedyne, co uczony biskup Tours ma czytelnikom do zaoferowania, to lakoniczne stwierdzenie o panońskiej praojczyźnie Franków i wyrwany z szerszego kontekstu historycznego fakt ścięcia mieczem króla Teu- demera. Dopiero opis poczynań Klodiona, frankijskiego króla z Duisburga, otwiera nie przerwany wykład dziejów plemienia Franków2. Nic dziwnego, że późniejszym autorom takie rozpoczęcie frankijskiej historii nie odpowiadało. Kwestia „początku historii” nic nie straciła na swej aktualności od czasów Grzego rza z Tours (i wcześniejszych) aż po dzień dzisiejszy. Jacques L e Goff, pisząc w 1983 r. słowo wstępne do nowego wydania książki Marca Blocha, „Królowie Cudotwór cy”, powtarzając zresztą określenie samego Blocha, nazwał ów problem „fetyszem gene 1 Chodzi mi o dwie książki I. Banaszkiewicza: Podanie o Piaście i Popielu. Studium porównawcze nad wczesnośredniowiecznymi tradycjami dynastycznymi, Warszawa 1986 i Polskie dzieje bajeczne Mistrza Wincentego Kadłubka, Wrocław 1998 oraz książkę Cz. -
The Catholic Church in Polish History, Palgrave Studies in Religion, Politics, and Policy, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-40281-3 272 APPENDIX – TIMELINE, 966–2016
APPENDIX – TIMELINE, 966–2016 966: Duke Mieszko’s conversion to Christianity 997: Beheading of Bishop Adalbert of Prague (known in Poland as Wojciech) 1022: Revolt against the Piast dynasty, with pagan participation 1066: Revolt by pagans 1140: Arrival of the Cistercian Order in Poland 1215: The Fourth Lateran Council, which made annual confession and communion mandatory for all Christians 1241: Invasion of Eastern Europe, including Poland, by a Tatar (Muslim) army 1337–1341: Renewed war with the Tatars 1386: Founding, through marriage, of the Jagiellonian dynasty 1378–1417: The Great Schism, with rival popes sitting in Avignon and Rome and, beginning in 1409, with a third pope residing in Pisa 1454–1466: The Thirteen Years’ War 1520: The Edict of Thorn (Toruń), by which the King of Poland banned the importation of Martin Luther’swritings into Poland 1529: The first siege of Vienna by Ottoman forces 1551–1553: New Testament published in Polish 1563: First translation of the entire Bible into Polish 1564: Arrival of the Jesuit Order in Poland © The Author(s) 2017 271 S.P. Ramet, The Catholic Church in Polish History, Palgrave Studies in Religion, Politics, and Policy, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-40281-3 272 APPENDIX – TIMELINE, 966–2016 1569: The Union of Lublin, merging the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into a single, federated Commonwealth 1577–1578: Lutherans granted freedom of worship in Poland 1596: The Union of Brest, bring a large number of Orthodox parishes into union with Rome as Eastern-Rite Catholics 1655–1660: