MARC Code List for Languages

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MARC 21

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ■ 2007

MARC Code List for Languages

2007 Edition

Prepared by Network Development and MARC Standards Office Library of Congress

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING DISTRIBUTION SERVICE / WASHINGTON Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

MARC code list for languages / prepared by Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress. — 2007 ed. p. cm. ISBN 978-0-8444-1163-7 1. MARC formats. 2. Language and languages — Code words. I. Library of Congress. Network Development and MARC Standards Office.

Z699.35.M28 U79 2007 025.3'16—dc22 2006103410

Available in the U.S.A. and other countries from: Cataloging Distribution Service, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20541-4912 U.S.A.

This publication may be reproduced without permission provided the source is fully acknowledged.

This publication will be reissued from time to time as needed to incorporate revisions. Contents

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION.5

PART I: NAME SEQUENCE.11

PART II: CODE SEQUENCE.161

APPENDIX: CHANGES.167

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 3 — page 4 Introduction INTRODUCTION

This document contains a list of languages and their associated three-character alphabetic codes. The purpose of this list is to allow the designation of the language or languages in MARC records. The list contains 484 discrete codes, of which 55 are used for groups of languages.

CHANGES IN 2007 EDITION

This list includes all valid codes and code assignments as of September 2007. There are 27 code additions and 12 changed code captions in this revision.

STRUCTURE OF THE CODES

The language codes are three-character lowercase alphabetic strings usually based on the first three letters of the English form or, in some cases, vernacular of the corresponding language name. The codes are varied where necessary to resolve conflicts and are not intended to be abbreviations of a language name. In the case of modem and older forms of some languages, the initial letters of each part of the language name are used to form the code, e.g. gmh for German, Middle High, and goh for German, Old High. When the name of a language is changed in the fist, the original code is generally retained.

RELATIONSHIP TO ISO 639-2

ISO 639-2 (Codes for the representation of names of languages— Part 2: alpha-3 code) was based on the MARC Code List for Languages and published in 1998. In the 22 cases where the ISO 639-2 fist has two alternative codes, the bibliographic code is the same as the MARC code. Language names in ISO 639-2 are not necessarily the same as those in MARC, particularly because of the practice of correlating the MARC language names with those used in Library of Congress Subject Headings. The MARC fist includes references for unused forms of language names, while the ISO fist has in some cases included alternative name forms, but many are lacking, since this practice of supplying alternate forms has only recently been implemented. In addition the MARC documentation includes a list of individual languages under collective codes or language groups, while the ISO fist only includes the group codes themselves. The Library of Congress is maintenance agency for both fists, and the two are kept compatible in terms of code additions and deletions.

INDIVIDUAL LANGUAGE CODES

This fist includes individual codes for most of the major languages of the modem and ancient world, e.g. Arabic, Chinese, English, Hindi, Latin, Tagalog, etc. These are the languages that are most frequently represented in the total body of the world’s literature. Additional codes for individual languages are created from time to time when it becomes apparent that a significant body of literature in a particular language already exists, or when it is determined that the amount of material in a language is growing.

Usually only one code is provided for a given language, even if that language can be written in more than one set of characters. In a few cases however, separate codes are provided for the same spoken language written in different characters.

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 5 Introduction LANGUAGE GROUP CODES

In addition to codes for individual languages, the list also contains a number of codes for language groups. While some individual languages are given their own unique code, although linguistically they are part of a language group, many individual languages are assigned a group code, because it is not considered practical to establish a separate code for each.

Group codes may be recognized by the fact that the name listed in association with the code does not represent an individual language, and includes either the generic term "languages" or the expression "(Other)," as opposed to names of individual languages which do not include these terms. For example:

myn Mayan languages nic Niger-Kordofanian (Other)

These language group codes are generally established at a very broad level, e.g. South American Indian (Other) sai. Although some South American Indian languages have their own unique codes, such as Mapuche am and Aymara aym, all other South American Indian languages which have not been assigned a unique code, such as the Cumana language, are assigned the group code sai.

Some group codes have been established at an intermediate level when individual languages and dialects within that group did not warrant discrete codes, yet it was felt that assignment to one of the very broad group codes was not sufficiently specific. For example, the Athapascan language group, a subgroup of North American Indian languages, is given the code ath, and that code rather than nai, the code for North American Indian (Other), is assigned to Athapascan languages not having their own codes.

Ancient languages which are not given unique codes are assigned the code for the major language group to which each belongs, rather than the code for the modem language which evolved from the ancient language. Thus, the language Swedish, Old is assigned the code gem for the language group Germanic (Other) instead of the code swe for the modem language Swedish.

Dialects are normally treated like any individual language entered in the list, and are generally assigned a group code. However, if a dialect of a language as well as the language itself is entered in the fist, the dialect is usually assigned the same code as the code for the language. If the language is assigned a group code, the dialect is assigned the same group code. For example, Colville, a dialect of Okanagan, and Okanagan language itself are both assigned sal, the group code for Salishan languages. If the language has a unique code, the dialect is also assigned that code rather than the code for the group to which both belong. For example, Setu, a dialect of Estonian, is assigned est, the code for Estonian. In a few instances, however, both the language and a dialect of that language have their own unique codes. For example, Spanish has the code spa, and Aragonese Spanish, a dialect of Spanish, has the code arg.

NAMES OF LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS

The form of name of a language used in this code list normally corresponds to the form of the name appearing in Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), with the exception that names of individual languages in the fist generally do not include the terms "language" or "dialect" and consist of only the substantive portion of the name. For example:

English (name in code list) English language (name in LCSH)

page 6 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Introduction

LCSH forms of names have not been used for the code list name if they make use of subdivisions; instead such headings are reformulated into phrase expressions for this list. This most often occurs in connection with headings for local dialects:

Morvan French (name in code list) French language—Dialects-France-Morvan (name in LCSH)

In addition, names of early forms of modem languages often appear in the code list in a form different from LCSH which frequently makes use of chronological subdivisions:

Swedish, Old (to 1550) (name in code list) Swedish language—To 1550 (name in LCSH)

SPECIAL CODES FOR SPECIAL SITUATIONS

In addition to codes for individual languages and language groups, codes are also provided for three special situations.

Undetermined [und] - This code is used if the language associated with an item cannot be determined. This code is also used for works having textual content consisting of arbitrary syllables, humming or other human-produced sounds for which a language cannot be specified.

Multiple languages [mul] - This code is used when two or more languages are associated with an item, and it is not practical to use codes for all of the languages.

No linguistic content [zxx] - This code is used in place of a language code when the item has no sung, spoken, or written textual content (e.g. instmmental or electronic music; sound recordings consisting of nonverbal sounds; audiovisual materials with no narration, printed titles, or subtitles; machine-readable data files consisting of machine languages or character codes).

ARRANGEMENT OF THE LIST

The fist is made up of two basic parts: Part I: Name Sequence, and Part II: Code Sequence. A description of these two parts follows.

Part I: Name Sequence

In this part, the languages are listed alphabetically by the name. An entry for an individual language gives the name followed by the code in brackets, both in boldface. Any variant names of the language are listed on successive lines, with the first variant preceded by the symbol UF (used for). For example:

Dutch [dut] UF Flemish Netherlands

The entry for an individual language which does not have a unique code, but is assigned a group code is similar, except that the assigned code with its language group name is given on the lines following the name. For example:

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 7 Introduction Chabacano Assigned collective code [crp] (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) UF Chavacano Zamboangueno

The entry for a language group is also similar to that for an individual language, with the addition of a list of the individual languages which have been assigned that group code. This list follows the variant names, if any are given. For example:

Creoles and Pidgins (Other) [crp] UF Pidgins Collective code for: Ambonese Malay Betawi Chabacano Fanakalo Kituba Naga Pidgin San Basilio del Palenque Spanish Creole Unami jargon

The variant names from each of these entries also appear in their alphabetic position in the list as references, but not in boldface. For example:

Ahlon USE Igo Central Shona USE Zezuru

These references do not give the code; the entry under the name referred to must be consulted to determine the code.

Part II: Code Sequence

In this part, the languages and their codes are listed alphabetically by the code. Only the name of the individual language or language group and the associated code are given in this part. Tracings or references for variant forms of the language names are not included. For example:

arc Aramaic bai Bamileke languages

Languages which are assigned a group code are not included in the code sequence part. Thus, the language Yemba which is assigned the group code bai does not appear in this part of the list.

Discontinued codes are also listed in this part in their alphabetical sequence. They are identified by a hyphen preceding the code. For example:

-ajm Aljamfa

page 8 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Introduction

USE OF LANGUAGE NAMES IN CATALOGING

For records reflecting AACR2 cataloging, the names of individual languages which appear in boldface are the forms usually used in uniform titles and notes in bibliographic records. For example:

Homer. Iliad. English, (form in uniform title) Text in Coptic and French; notes in French, (form in note)

Consult Library of Congress Rule Interpretations 1.7B2 and 25.5C for specific instructions and exceptions.

The individual languages which appear in boldface also usually correspond to the subject headings for those languages in LCSH. The relationship of language names in this fist to LCSH is described more fully above in the section "Names of Languages and Dialects."

MARC 21 FIELDS IN WHICH CODES ARE USED

Language codes are used in the following MARC 21 fields:

Bibliographic records

008/35-37 Fixed-Length Data Elements / Language 040$b Cataloging Source / Language of cataloging 041 Language Code 242$y Translation of Title by Cataloging Agency / Language code of translated title 775$e Other Edition Entry / Language code

Authority records

040$b Cataloging Source / Language of cataloging

Holdings records

008/22-24 Fixed-Length Data Elements / Language 040tb Record Source / Language of cataloging

Classification records

040$b Cataloging Source / Language of cataloging 084$e Classification Scheme and Edition / Language code

Community Information records

008/12-14 Fixed-Length Data Elements / Language 040$b Cataloging Source / Language of cataloging 041 Language Code

The appropriate format document should be consulted for specific instructions on the use of language codes in these fields and subfields.

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 9 Introduction PUBLICATION BACKGROUND

This list was originally compiled in collaboration with Library of Congress MARC Pilot Project participants, the National Library of Medicine, the National Agricultural Library, and the Defense Language Institute. In addition, the language list of the Center for Applied Linguistics, Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), and language specialists were consulted. The list was revised by a committee of the National Information Standards Organization (NISO) and became an American National Standard in 1987: Codes for the Representation of Languages for Information Interchange (ANSI Z39.53). In 2000, the list was further revised to include numerous changes necessary for compatibility with the ISO 639-2 (Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages Part 2: Alpha-3 Code) standard.

CODE MAINTENANCE

The Library of Congress is the maintenance agency for this list and for both ANSI Z39.53 and ISO 639-2. Questions and requests for information about this list should be sent to the Cataloging Policy and Support Office, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540-4305 (e-mail: [email protected]). ANSI Z39.53 and ISO 639-2 include only the list of codes and associated language or language group name (as in Part II of this document)

Requests for new language codes are submitted to the ISO 639-2 maintenance agency (Library of Congress) and balloted by the ISO 639 Joint Advisory Committee. Once approved, they are added to both the ISO 639-2 and MARC fists. Requests are sent to: [email protected]. Notices describing additions/deletions of code values will be issued for all changes to the language codes made in the interim period between issuance of revised versions of this document. Please consult the MARC website (www.loc.gov/marc/) for these notices.

RELATED MARC 21 DOCUMENTS

MARC 21 Format for Authority Data MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data MARC 21 Format for Classification Data MARC 21 Format for Community Information MARC 21 Format for Holdings Data MARC 21 Concise Formats (www.loc.gov/marc/concise)

OTHER RELATED DOCUMENTS Codes for the Representation of Languages for Information Interchange (ANSI Z39.53) Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages Part 2: Alpha-3 Codes (ISO 639-2) (www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/)

page 10 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence PART I: NAME SEQUENCE

A-ch‘ang Abor USE Achang Assigned collective code [sit] Aba (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Chiriguano UF Adi Abaknon Miri Assigned collective code [phi] Mising (Philippine (Other)) Aborlan Tagbanwa UF Capul USE Tagbanua Inabaknon Abua Kapul Assigned collective code [nic] Sama Abaknon (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Abau Abujhmaria Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [dra] (Papuan (Other)) (Dravidian (Other)) UF Green River Abulas Abaw Assigned collective code [paa] USE Abo (Cameroon) (Papuan (Other)) Abazin UF Ambulas Assigned collective code [cau] Maprik (Caucasian (Other)) Acadian (Louisiana) Abenaki USE Cajun French Assigned collective code [alg] Acateco (Algonquian (Other)) USE Akatek UF Abnaki Achangua Abia Assigned collective code [sai] USE Aneme Wake (South American (Other)) Abidji Achang Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [sit] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) UF Adidji UF A-ch‘ang Ari (Cote d'Ivoire) Atsang Abigar Ache USE Nuer USE Guayaki Abkhaz [abk] Achi Abnaki Assigned collective code [myn] USE Abenaki (Mayan languages) Abo (Cameroon) UF Cubulco Achi Assigned collective code [bnt] Rabinal Achi (Bantu (Other)) Achinese [ace] UF Abaw UF Atjeh Bo Cameroon Acholi Bon (Cameroon) USE Acoli Abo (Sudan) Achuale USE Toposa USE Achuar

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 11 Name Sequence

Achuar Afar [aar] Assigned collective code [sai] UF Adaiel (South American Indian Danakil (Other)) Afenmai UF Achuale USE Etsako Achuara Jivaro Afghan Jivaro, Achuara USE Pushto Achuara Jivaro Afrihili (Artificial language) [afh] USE Achuar Afrikaans [afr] Acoli [ach] UF Cape Dutch UF Acholi Afroasiatic (Other) [afa] Gang Collective code for: Lwo Angas Shuli Bidiyo Acra Daba (Cameroon and Nigeria) USE Ga Dangaleat Acuan-Shavante Day (Chad) USE Xavante Gabri Adaiel Gamo (Ethiopia) USE Afar Glavda Adamawa Goemai USE Fula Gude Adangme [ada] Hedi UF Dangme Jongor Adari Kamwe USE Harari Kanakuru Adi Kara USE Abor Mada (Cameroon) Adidji Mafa USE Abidji Male (Ethiopia) Adja Masa (Chadic) USE Aja (Benin and Togo) Miya Adjaua Musgu USE Yao (Africa) Nancere Adnyamathaha Ngizim Assigned collective code [aus] Paduko (Australian langugaes) Ron UF Atynyamatana Samo (West Africa) Wailpi Southern Mofu Adygei [ady] Tera UF Circassian, Lower Tumak Circassian, West Tupuri Kiakh Uldeme Kjax Wandala Lower Circassian Yemsa West Circassian Zulgo Aeta Negrito Afshar USE Botolan Sambal Assigned collective code [aze] Afan (Azerbaijani) USE Oromo

page 12 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Agarabe Aja (Benin and Togo) Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [nic] (Papuan (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Agni UF Adja USE Anyi Ajawa Agta USE Yao (Africa) Assigned collective code [phi] Ajie (Philippine (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Cagayan Agta, Central (Austronesian (Other)) Central Cagayan Agta UF Houailou Agta (Casiguran) Wailu USE Dumagat (Casiguran) Aka Agta (Umirey) USE Apatani USE Dumagat (Umirey) Aka (Central African Republic) Aguacatec Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Awakateko (Bantu (Other)) Aguaruna Akan [aka] Assigned collective code [sai] UF Twi-Fante (South American Indian (Other)) Akare Agusan Manobo USE Kare Assigned collective code [mno] Akarimojong (Manobo languages) USE Karamojong Agutaynon Akatek Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [myn] (Philippine (Other)) (Mayan languages) Ahanta UF Acateco Assigned collective code [nic] Kanjobal, Western (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) San Miguel Acatan Kanjobal Ahirani Western Kanjobal Assigned collective code [inc] Akeroa (Indie (Other)) USE Toposa Ahlon Akha USE Igo USE Kaw Ahom Akkadian [akk] Assigned collective code [tai] UF Assyro-Babylonian (Tai (Other)) Babylonian Aht Aklanon USE Nootka Assigned collective code [phi] Ahtena (Philippine (Other)) Assigned collective code [ath] Akposo (Athapascan (Other)) USE Kposo A'i Aku USE Cofan USE Yoruba Aikoa Aku (Creole) USE Mori USE Krio Aili-Gaili Akuapem USE Suriname Hindustani USE Twi Aimara Akwe-Shavante USE Aymara USE Xavante Ainu [ain] Akye USE Attie

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 13 Name Sequence

Alabama Algonquian (Other) (Continued) Assigned collective code [nai] Montagnais (North American Indian Naskapi (Other)) Passamaquoddy Alacaluf Penobscot Assigned collective code [sai] Potawatomi (South American Indian Powhatan (Other)) Quileute UF Kawesqar Roanoak Alada Shawnee USE Gun-Gbe Wampanoag Alalak Yurok USE Barangas Algonquin Alamblak Assigned collective code [alg] Assigned collective code [paa] (Algonquian (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) UF Algonkin Alangan Allevard French Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [fre] (Philippine (Other)) (French) Alas UF French, Allevard Assigned collective code [btk] Alsatian German (Batak) Assigned collective code [ger] Alawa (German) Assigned collective code [aus] Altai [alt] (Australian languages) UF Oirat (Turkic) UF Galawa Southern Altai Albanian Altai, Northern Also collective code for: USE Northern Altai Calabrian Albanian Altaic (Other) [tut] Albanian, Calabrian UF Turko-Tataric (Other) USE Calabrian Albanian Collective code for: Aleut [ale] Bulgaro-Turkic UF Eleuth Dagur Aleut (Eskimo) Dolgan USE Pacific Gulf Yupik Even Algonkin Evenki USE Algonquin Gagauz Algonquian (Other) [alg] Greek Tatar Collective code for: Karaim Abenaki Karakhanid Algonquin Khakass Atakapa Khalaj Atikamekw Khorezmian Turkic Fox Kipchak Illinois Moghol Kickapoo Mongour Mahican Nanai Massachuset Northern Altai Menominee Olcha Miami (Ind. and Okla.) Old Turkic Mohegan Oroch

page 14 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Altaic (Other) (Continued) Ambulas Oroqen USE Abulas Salar Amele Shor Assigned collective code [paa] Sibo (Papuan (Other)) Teleut American Sign Language Turkish, Old (to 1500) Assigned collective code [sgn] Udekhe (Sign languages) Western Yugur UF Ameslan Alu Kurumba Ameslan Assigned collective code [dra] USE American Sign Language (Dravidian (Other)) Amganad Ifugao Alur Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [ssa] (Philippine (Other)) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Ifugao, Amganad UF Dho Alur Amharic [amh] Lur UF Amarigna Alyawarra Amarinya Assigned collective code [aus] Ami (Australian languages) USE Amis UF Iliaura Amis Ama (Papua New Guinea) Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [paa] (Austronesian (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) UF Ami UF Sawiyanu Amishgo Amahuaca USE Amuzgo Assigned collective code [sai] Ammassalimiut (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [kal] UF Sayaco (Kalatdlisut) Amarakaeri UF East Greenlandic USE Mashco Greenlandic, East Amardic Tunumiisut USE Elamite Ammonite Amarigna Assigned collective code [sem] USE Amharic (Semitic (Other)) Amarinya Ampale USE Amharic Assigned collective code [paa] Amberbaken (Papuan (Other)) USE Mpur (Indonesia) UF Ampeeli Ambo (Angola and Namibia) Safeyoka USE Ndonga Ampeeli Ambonese Malay USE Ampale Assigned collective code [crp] Amuesha (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Malay, Ambonese (South American Indian (Other)) Ambrym UF Lorenzo Assigned collective code [map] Amuzgo (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Ambu (Central American Indian (Other)) USE Annobon UF Amishgo

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 15 Name Sequence

Anano Angas USE Guanano Assigned collective code [afa] Anatolian Turkish, Old (Afroasiatic (Other)) USE Turkish, Old (to 1500) UF Karan Ancient Greek Karang (Nigeria) USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Ngas Ancient Hebrew Angave USE Hebrew USE Ankave Andamanese Anggor Assigned collective code [mis] Assigned collective code [paa] (Miscellaneous languages) (Papuan (Other)) Andarang UF Bibriari USE Wandarang Senagi Ande Watapor USE Campa Angika [anp] Ande (Artificial language) Angkola Assigned collective code [art] Assigned collective code [btk] (Artificial (Other)) (Batak) Andhra Anglo-French USE Telugu USE Anglo-Norman Andian Anglo-Norman USE Mandar Assigned collective code [roa] Andilyaugwa (Romance (Other)) USE Anindilyakwa UF Anglo-French Andira Norman-French USE Maue Anglo-Saxon Andoque USE English, Old (ca. 450-1100) Assigned collective code [sai] Angola (South American Indian USE Kimbundu (Other)) Anindilyakwa Aneme Wake Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [paa] (Australian languages) (Papuan (Other)) UF Andilyaugwa UF Abia Anishinabe Musa, Upper USE Ojibwa Upper Musa Anjam Anesu USE Bom Assigned collective code [map] Ankave (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Canala (Papuan (Other)) Kanala UF Angave Xaracuu Ankwe Yaracuu USE Goemai Anga (Ghana) Anlo USE Hanga (Ghana) USE Igo Angami Annamese Assigned collective code [sit] USE Vietnamese (Sino-Tibetan (Other))

page 16 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Annobon Apache languages (Continued) Assigned collective code [cpp] White Mountain Apache (Creoles and Pidgins, Apalai Portuguese-based (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Ambu (South American Indian (Other)) Antiqueno Apatani USE Kinaray-a Assigned collective code [sit] Anuak (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [ssa] UF Aka (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Apa Tanang UF Yambo Hruso Anufo Apayao Assigned collective code [nic] USE Isneg (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Api UF Chakosi USE Lampung Anufo (Cote d'Ivoire) Apindji USE Brissa USE Tsogo Anun Apma USE Paraujano Assigned collective code [map] Anyang (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] Apurahuano (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Tagbanua UF Denya Apurina Nyang (Cameroon) USE Ipurina Anyi Arabela Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [sai] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Agni UF Chiripuno Anzanic Arabic [ara] USE Elamite Also collective code for: Ao Hassaniyya Assigned collective code [sit] Arabic South (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE South Arabic UF Chungli Aragonese Spanish [arg] Hatigorria UF Spanish, Aragonese Mongsen Arakanese Zungi Assigned collective code [sit] Zwingi (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Aomie UF Maghi Assigned collective code [paa] Rakhaing (Papuan (Other)) Aramaic [arc] UF Omie UF Biblical Aramaic Apa Tanang Aranda, Eastern USE Apatani USE Eastern Arremte Apabhramsa Aranda, Western Assigned collective code [inc] USE Western Arremte (Indie (Other)) Araona Apache languages [apa] Assigned collective code [sai] Collective code for: (South American Indian (Other)) Chiricahua Arapaho [arp] Mescalero

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 17 Name Sequence

Arapesh, Mountain Arosi USE Mountain Arapesh Assigned collective code [map] Arapium (Austronesian (Other)) USE Maue Arremte, Eastern Ararge USE Eastern Arremte USE Harari Arremte, Western Araucanian USE Western Arremte USE Mapuche Artificial (Other) [art] Arawak [arw] Collective code for: UF Loko (Arawakan) Ande (Artificial language) Lokono Babm Areare Enochian Assigned collective code [map] Europanto (Austronesian (Other)) Glosa (Artificial language) Arecuna International auxiliari linguo Assigned collective code [sai] (Artificial language) (South American Indian Loglan (Artificial language) (Other)) Neo (Artificial language) Arekena Novial (Artificial language) Assigned collective code [sai] Tsolyani (Artificial language) (South American Indian Vela (Artificial language) (Other)) Aruaco UF Guarequena USE lea Uarequena Asaro Warekena Assigned collective code [paa] Arhuaco (Papuan (Other)) USE lea UF Dano Ari (Cote d'Ivoire) Upper Asaro USE Abidji Ashanti Ankara USE Twi Assigned collective code [nai] Asheninca (North American Indian USE Campa (Other)) Ashluslay Aripaktsa USE Chulupi USE Rikbaktsa As! Ariti USE Ossetic USE Paressi Asiatic Eskimo Armenian [arm] USE Yuit Armoric Aslian languages, Central USE Breton USE Senoic languages Aromanian [rup] Asmat UF Macedo-Romanian Assigned collective code [paa] Arop-Lokep (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Assamese [asm] (Austronesian (Other)) Assiniboine UF Lokep Assigned collective code [dak] Lokewe (Dakota) Arorai Assyro-Babylonian USE Gilbertese USE Akkadian Arosario Asturian USE Damana USE Bable

page 18 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Asu Atoni Assigned collective code [bntj USE Timor (Bantu (Other)) Atsang UF Athu USE Achang Chasu Atsera Pare Assigned collective code [map] Asuri (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [mun] Atsugewi (Munda (Other)) Assigned collective code [nai] Asurini (North American Indian (Other)) USE Tenetehara Atta Ata Manobo Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [mno] (Philippine (Other)) (Manobo languages) UF Northern Cagayan Negrito Atakapa Attic Greek Assigned collective code [alg] Assigned collective code [grc] (Algonquian (Other)) (Greek, Ancient (to 1453)) Atayal UF Greek, Attic Assigned collective code [map] Attie (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] UF Tayal (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Ateso UF Akye USE Teso Kurobu Athapascan (Other) [ath] Attikamekw Collective code for: USE Atikamekw Ahtena Attouat Carrier USE Katu Chilcotin Atynyamatana Dena'ina USE Adnyamathanha Kaska Atzinca Kawchottine USE Ocuiltec Kiowa Apache Au Koyukon Assigned collective code [paa] Sarsi (Papuan (Other)) Sekani-Beaver Aucaans Southern Tutchone USE Djuka Tagish Auhelawa Tahltan USE Kurada Tanacross Aukan Tsattine USE Djuka Upper Tanana Australasian Signed English Upper Umpqua Assigned collective code [sgn] Athu (Sign languages) USE Asu Australian languages [aus] Atikamekw Collective code for: Assigned collective code [alg] Adnyamathanha (Algonquian (Other)) Alawa UF Attikamekw Alyawarra Tete-de-Boule Anindilyakwa Atjeh Awabakal USE Achinese Bandjalang

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 19 Name Sequence

Australian languages (Continued) Australian languages (Continued) Bidjara Wandarang Bin (Australia) Wan’guri Burarra Warumungu Butchulla Western Arremte Darling River dialects Western Desert Dhungutti Wik-Munkan Djaru Worora Djinang Yandruwandha Djingili Yanyuwa Eastern Arremte Yidiny Garawa Yindjibamdi Gidabal Yinhawangka Gubbi-Gubbi Yualyai Gugada Yugambeh Gumatj Austronesian (Other) [map] Gungabula UF Malayo-Polynesian (Other) Gunian Collective code for: Gunwinggu Ajie Gupapuyngu Ambrym Guugu Yimithirr Amis Iwaidja Anesu Kala Logaw Ya Apma Kalkatungu Areare Kattang Arop-Lokep Kitja Arosi Kuku-Yalanji Atayal Kuuku Ya'u Atsera Mandjildjara Bajau Mangarayi Bakumpai Maranunggu Balaesang Martu Wangka Banjar Hulu Murrinhpatha Barangas Nakara Baree Narangga Begak Narrinyeri Berawan Ngaanyatjarra Biliau Ngandi Bimanese Ngarinyin Bolaang Mongondow Ngarla Buang Ngarluma Bugotu Nukunu Bukar Sadong Nunggubuyu Bunama Pintupi Bunun Pitjantjatjara Buol Ritharmgu Bwaidoga Tharrkari Bwatoo Tiwi (Australia) Camuhi Umpila Carolinian Walbiri Daa Walmajarri Dawawa

page 20 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Austronesian (Other) (Continued) Austronesian (Other) (Continued) Dehu Mandak Dobel Mangap Dobu Manggarai (Indonesia) Dumbea Mangseng Dusun Marquesan East Makian Mekeo East Uvean Mele-Fila Enggano Mentawai Enim Mokilese Eromanga Mori Favorlang Mortlock Futuna-Aniwa Motu Gapapaiwa Mouk Gedaged Mukawa Gumasi Muna Halia Nakanai Ham Nali Hote Napu Iai (Loyalty Islands) Nemi Iamalele Nengone I da'an Ngada Iduna Ngaju Irahutu Ngatik Kaidipang Nguna Kaili Notsi Kaiwa (Papua New Guinea) Nuaulu Kambera Nukuoro Kara (Papua New Guinea) Numfor Katingan Paiwan Kaulong Pala Kayan (Borneo) Paranan Kayu Agung Pasir (Lawangan) Kemak Pazeh Kerinci Petats Kiput Pileni Kiriwinian Puluwat Koluwawa Ramoaaina Komodo Rejang (Sumatra, Indonesia) Kubu Rennellese Kuni Roti Kurada Rotuman Kutai Rukai Kwara'ae Sangen Lampung Sangil Lau Sangir (Indonesia and Lavongai Philippines) Lembak Bilide Saposa Lenakel Sawu Lindrou Sedik Manam Semendo

page 21 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Austronesian (Other) (Continued) Avahattha Serawai Assigned collective code [inc] Sigi (Indie (Other)) Sikka Avaric [ava] Siladang Avesta Sinagoro USE Avestan Sio Avestan [ave] Sissano UF Avesta Sobei Bactrian, Old (Avestan) Sokop Old Bactrian (Avestan) Sonsorol-Tobi Old Persian (Avestan) Suau Persian, Old (Avestan) Sumba Zend Sumbawa Avias Sursurunga USE Geviya Suwawa Avikam Tagula Assigned collective code [nic] Talaud (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Tamuan Awa (Eastern Highlands Province, Papua Tanga (Tanga Islands) New Guinea) Tavara (Papua New Guinea) Assigned collective code [paa] Tawoyan (Papuan (Other)) Teop Awabakal Tidore Assigned collective code [aus] Tikopia (Australian languages) Timor Awadhi [awa] Timugon Awakateko Tinputz Assigned collective code [myn] Tolai (Mayan languages) Tolaki UF Aguacatec Tombulu Awutu Tondano Assigned collective code [nic] Tonsea (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Toraja Ayan Toraja Sadan USE Bassari Tuamotuan Ayangan Ifugao Tubetube Assigned collective code [phi] Ulithi (Philippine (Other)) Uma UF Ifugao, Ayangan Urak Lawoi’ Aymara [aym] Uripiv UF Aimara Wampar Ayo Wandamen USE Yao (Africa) Wewewa Ayook Woleai USE Mixe Wolio Ayore Yabim USE Moro (South America) Yamdena Ayoweo Auyana USE Moro (South America) Assigned collective code [paa] Azande (Papuan (Other)) USE Zande

page 22 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Azari Bagirmi USE Azerbaijani Assigned collective code [ssa] Azerbaijani [aze] (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Azari UF Barm a Azeri Bagobo Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [phi] Afshar (Philippine (Other)) Azeri Bagobo, Upper USE Azerbaijani USE Manuvu Aztec Bagri USE Nahuatl Assigned collective code [raj] Baangingi' (Rajasthani) USE Balangingi Bahasa Indonesia Bable [ast] USE Indonesian UF Asturian Bahinemo Babm Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [art] (Papuan (Other)) (Artificial (Other)) UF Gahom Babungo Wogu Assigned collective code [nic] Bahnar (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [mkh] UF Ngo (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Babuza Bai (China) USE Favorlang Assigned collective code [sit] Babylonian (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Akkadian UF Min-chia Bac Pai (China) USE Bats Baingai Bacairi USE Biangai USE Bakairi Baining Bactrian Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [ira] (Papuan (Other)) (Iranian (Other)) UF Kakat Bactrian, Old (Avestan) Makakat USE Avestan Maqaqet Badjo Qaqet USE Bajau Baitadi Bafang Assigned collective code [nep] USE Fe'fe' (Nepali) Bafia Bajau Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [map] (Bantu (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) Bafut UF Badjo Assigned collective code [nic] Bayo (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Luaan Orang Laut (Indonesia) Bagandji dialects USE Darling River dialects Sama (Indonesia) Bagheli Turije’ne’ Assigned collective code [inc] Bajjika (Indie (Other)) Assigned collective code [bih] (Bihari)

page 23 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Baka Balkar Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Karachay-Balkar (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Balti UF Tara Baaka Assigned collective code [sit] Baka (Cameroon and Gabon) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] UF Baltistani (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Bhotia of Baltistan Bakairi Sbalti Assigned collective code [sai] Baltic (Other) [bat] (South American Indian Collective code for: (Other)) Prussian UF Bacairi Baltistani Bakaka USE Balti USE Mkaa’ Baluchi [bal] Bakare UF Biluchi USE Kare Baluchi [bal] Bakhtiari UF Biluchi Assigned collective code [ira] Bamana (Mandekan) (Iranian (Other)) USE Bambara Bakumpai Bamana (Senufo) Assigned collective code [map] USE Mamara (Austronesian (Other)) Bamanankan Bakundu USE Bambara Assigned collective code [bnt] Bambara [bam] (Bantu (Other)) UF Bamana (Mandekan) UF Kundu Bamanankan Balaesang Bamileke-Jo Assigned collective code [map] USE Bandjoun (Austronesian (Other)) Bamileke languages [bai] UF Balaisang Collective code for: Pajo Bandjoun Balaisang Fe'fe' USE Balaesang Ngyemboon Balali Yemba USE Teke Bamun Balangao Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [phi] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) Bamyili Creole Balangingi Assigned collective code [cpe] Assigned collective code [phi] (Creoles and (Philippine (Other)) Pidgins, English-based UF Baangingi' (Other)) Bangingi Banaa Northern Sinama USE Masa (Chadic) Sama Bangingi Banana (Masa) Sea Samal USE Masa (Chadic) Sinama, Northern Banda (Central Africa) Bali (Cameroon) Assigned collective code [bad] USE Mungaka (Banda languages) Balinese [ban]

page 24 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Banda languages [bad] Bantu (Other) (Continued) Collective code for: Bembe (Congo (Brazzaville)) Banda (Central Africa) Benga Linda Bobangi Bandi Bolia USE Gbandi Boma (Congo) Bandjalang Bomitaba Assigned collective code [aus] Bondei (Australian languages) Bube UF Minyung Bubi (Gabon) Bandjoun Budu Assigned collective code [bai] Bukusu (Bamileke languages) Bulu UF Bamileke-Jo Chaga Banen Chokwe USE Tunen Chopi Bangala (Congo) Comorian USE Lingala Diriku Bangaru Doko (Congo) Assigned collective code [inc] Duruma (Indie (Other)) Embu UF Hariani Fipa Jatu Fuliru Bangingi Ganguela USE Balangingi Geviya Baniwa Giryama Assigned collective code [sai] Gisu (South American Indian (Other)) Gusii Banjar Hulu Gwere Assigned collective code [map] Ha (Austronesian (Other)) Haya UF Hulu Hehe Banjara Hunde USE Lambadi Ila Bantawa Kako Assigned collective code [sit] Kalanga (Botswana and (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Zimbabwe) UF Bontawa Kaonde Kirata Ral Kare Kele (Gabon) Banton Assigned collective code [phi] Kete (Philippine (Other)) Kom (Cameroon) UF Bantuanon Kombe Komo (Congo) Bantu (Other) [bnt] Koozime Collective code for: Abo (Cameroon) Kwangali Aka (Central African Republic) Kwese Kwiri Asu Lala Bafra Lega Bakundu Lenje Bad

page 25 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Bantu (Other) (Continued) Bantu (Other) (Continued) Logooli Teke Lomwe (Malawi) Tembo (Sud-Kivu, Congo) Lucazi Tetela Luvale Tharaka Luyana Tiriki Luyia Tonga (Inhambane) Maka (Cameroon) Tonga (Zambezi) Makonde Tooro Makua Tsogo Mbala (Bandundu, Congo) Tswa Mbo (Cameroon) Tunen Mbosi Yaka (Congo and Angola) Mbukushu Yanzi Mbunda (Angola and Zambia) Yombe (Congo and Angola) Meru Zanaki Mijikenda languages Bantuanon Mituku USE Banton Mkaa Baoule Mpongwe USE Baule Mpur (Congo) Bapounou Nambya USE Punu Nande Bara (Australia) Ndau USE Burarra Ndumu Bara (Colombia) Ngonde USE Barasana del Norte Nsenga Barasana del Sur Ntomba Bara (India and Nepal) Nyaneka USE Bodo Nyanga Bara (Indonesia) Nyungwe USE Napu Pangwa Bara (Madagascar) Pelende Assigned collective code [mlg] Pende (Malagasy) Pokomo Barai Punu Assigned collective code [paa] Ronga (Papuan (Other)) Ruri Baram Ruund Assigned collective code [sit] Sakata (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Salampasu Barangas Sanga Assigned collective code [map] Sena (Austronesian (Other)) Shambala UF Alalak Shi Barasana del Norte Shimaore Assigned collective code [sai] Songye (South American Indian Subiya (Other)) Suku (Congo) UF Bara (Colombia) Taita Northern Barasano Talinga-Bwisi

page 26 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Barasana del Sur Bassari Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [nic] (South American Indian (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Other)) UF Ayan UF Bara (Colombia) Biyan Southern Barasano Wo Barea Bastari USE Nara USE Halbi Baree Batad Ifugao Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [phi] (Austronesian (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) Bargam UF Ifugao, Batad USE Mugil Batak Bargu UF Batta (Sumatra) USE Bariba Also collective code for: Bari Alas Assigned collective code [ssa] Angkola (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Dairi Pakpak UF Dzilio Karo-Batak Bari (Venezuela) Mandailing USE Motilon Simelungun Baria Toba-Batak USE Nara Batak Mandailing Bariba USE Mandailing Assigned collective code [nic] Batan (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Ivatan UF Bargu Batawi Berba (Benin and Nigeria) USE Betawi Barlig Bontoc Bati USE Southern Bontoc Assigned collective code [bnt] Barma (Bantu (Other)) USE Bagirmi Bats Bartang Assigned collective code [cau] Assigned collective code [ira] (Caucasian (Other)) (Iranian (Other)) UF Bac Barn Tsova-Tush USE Loma Tush Baruya Batuco Assigned collective code [paa] USE Eudeve (Papuan (Other)) Baudi Basa [bas] USE Bauzi Basari (Togo and Ghana) Baule USE Tobote Assigned collective code [nic] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Bashgali Assigned collective code [inc] UF Baoule (Indie (Other)) Baungshe USE Haka Chin UF Kati Bashkir [bak] Bauri USE Bauzi Basque [baq] UF Euskara

page 27 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Bauzi Belanda Assigned collective code [paa] USE Bor (Lwo) (Papuan (Other)) Belarusian [bel] UF Baudi UF Belorussian Bauri Byelorussian Pauwi Russian, White Baya White Russian USE Gbaya Belarusian, Old (to 1700) Bayo Assigned collective code [sla] USE Bajau (Slavic (Other)) Bazai UF Old Belarusian USE Pazeh Bella Bella Be Assigned collective code [wak] Assigned collective code [tai] (Wakashan languages) (Tai (Other)) Bella Coola UF Ongbe Assigned collective code [sal] Beach-la-mar (Salishan languages) USE Bislama Bellonese Bearnais (post-1500) USE Rennellese Assigned collective code [oci] Belorussian (Occitan (post-1500)) USE Belarusian Beche-de-mer Belu USE Bislama USE Tetum Bechuana Bemba [bem] USE Tswana Bembe (Congo (Brazzaville)) Bedawiye Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Beja (Bantu (Other)) Bedik UF KiBembe Assigned collective code [nic] Mbembe (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Benabena UF Budik Assigned collective code [paa] Tenda (Papuan (Other)) Bedja Benga USE Beja Assigned collective code [bnt] Begak (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Bengali [ben] (Austronesian (Other)) Also collective code for: Behari Rajbangsi USE Bihari Benguela Beir USE Umbundu USE Murle Benguet Igorot Beja [bej] USE Ibaloi UF Bedawiye Benue-Congo languages Bedja Assigned collective code [nic] Bishari (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Bekwarra Beothuk Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [nai] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (North American Indian Belagar (Other)) USE Blagar

page 28 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Berawan Bhotia of Baltistan Assigned collective code [map] USE Balti (Austronesian (Other)) Bhotia of Bhutan Berba (Benin and Burkina Faso) USE Dzongkha USE Biali Bhotic of Sikkim Berba (Benin and Nigeria) USE Danjong-ka USE Bariba Bhumij Berber (Other) [ber] Assigned collective code [mun] Collective code for: (Munda (Other)) Mzab Bhutanese Rif USE Dzongkha Shilha Biadju Tamazight USE Ngaju Beri-aa Biali USE Zaghawa Assigned collective code [nic] Berik (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Berba (Benin and Burkina Faso) (Papuan (Other)) Bieri Berom Biangai USE Birom Assigned collective code [paa] Berouhi (Papuan (Other)) USE Brahui UF Baingai Berri Biatah USE Zaghawa Assigned collective code [day] Betammadibe (Dayak) USE Somba Biblical Aramaic Betawi USE Aramaic Assigned collective code [crp] Biblical Greek (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) UF Batawi Bibriari Jakarta Malay USE Anggor Malay, Jakarta Bichelamar Bete USE Bislama Assigned collective code [kro] Bidayuh (Kru (Other)) USE Dayak Betsileo Bideyu Assigned collective code [mlg] USE Dayak (Malagasy) Bidiyo Bezhta Assigned collective code [afa] Assigned collective code [cau] (Affoasiatic (Other)) (Caucasian (Other)) Bidjara Bhaipei Assigned collective code [aus] USE Vaiphei (Australian languages) Bhili UF Pitjara Assigned collective code [inc] Bidyogo (Indie (Other)) USE Bijago Bhojpuri [bho] Bieri Also collective code for: USE Biali Sadani Big Sepik Bhotanta USE Iatmul USE Tibetan

page 29 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Bihari [bih] Biri (Australia) UF Behari Assigned collective code [aus] Also collective code for: (Australian languages) Bajjika UF Birri (Australia) Kurmali Birifor Bijago Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [nic] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Birohi UF Bidyogo USE Brahui Bik Birom USE Judeo-Tat Assigned collective code [nic] Bikol [bik] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Vikol UF Berom Bilaan Bouroum Assigned collective code [phi] Burum (Nigeria) (Philippine (Other)) Kibo Biliau Kibyen Assigned collective code [map] Shosho (Austronesian (Other)) Birri (Australia) Bilin [byn] USE Biri (Australia) Biloxi Bishari Assigned collective code [sio] USE Beja (Siouan (Other)) Bislama [bis] Biluchi UF Beach-la-mar USE Baluchi Beche-de-mer Bimanese Bichelamar Assigned collective code [map] Bisorio (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] Bimin (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Gadio (Papuan (Other)) Iniai Bindubi Biyan USE Pintupi USE Bassari Bini Black Bobo USE Edo USE Bobo Fing Binokid Black Carib USE Binukid Manobo USE Garifuna Bintukua Black Flowery Miao USE lea USE Hmong Njua Binubolinao Black Tai USE Bolinao Assigned collective code [tai] Binukid Manobo (Tai (Other)) Assigned collective code [mno] UF Tai, Black (Manobo languages) Tai Dam UF Binokid Tai Noir Bukidnon Blackfoot Binukidnon USE Siksika USE Kinaray-a Binumarien Assigned collective code [paa] (Papuan (Other))

page 30 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Blagar Bola (Portuguese Guinea) Assigned collective code [paa] USE Mankanya (Papuan (Other)) Bolaang Mongondow UF Belagar Assigned collective code [map] Tarang (Austronesian (Other)) Blanche Bay Bolia USE Tolai Assigned collective code [bnt] Blang (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [mkh] UF Bulia (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Bolinao UF Bulang Assigned collective code [phi] Plang (Philippine (Other)) Pulang UF Binubolinao Samtao Bom Blissymbolics [zbl] Assigned collective code [paa] Blue Miao (Papuan (Other)) USE Hmong Njua UF Anjam Bo Bogadjim USE Pacoh Lalok Bo (Cameroon) Boma (Congo) USE Abo (Cameroon) Assigned collective code [bnt] Bobangi (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [bnt] UF Buma (Congo) (Bantu (Other)) Bomitaba UF Rebu Assigned collective code [bnt] Bobo Fing (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] UF Mbomitaba (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mitaba UF Black Bobo Bomu Bulse USE Boomu Finng Bon (Cameroon) Bobo Wule USE Abo (Cameroon) USE Bwamu Bondei Bodo Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [sit] (Bantu (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Bong Miew UF Bara (India and Nepal) USE Cua Boro (India and Nepal) Bongo Kachari, Plains Assigned collective code [ssa] Mech (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Plains Kachari Bongo-Bagirmi languages Bogadjim Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Bom (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Bohemian Bonny USE Czech USE Ibani Bokmal Bontawa USE Norwegian USE Bantawa Norwegian (Bokmal) Bontoc Boko Assigned collective code [phi] USE Busa (Philippine (Other)) UF Finontok

page 31 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Bontoc, Central Botlikh USE Central Bontoc Assigned collective code [cau] Bontoc, Eastern (Caucasian (Other)) USE Eastern Bontoc Botolan Sambal Bontoc, Southern Assigned collective code [phi] USE Southern Bontoc (Philippine (Other)) Bontoc, Western UF Aeta Negrito USE Northern Kankanay Sambal Botolan Boomu Sambali Botolan Assigned collective code [nic] Boua languages (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Bua languages UF Bomu Bouamou Boorishki USE Bwamu USE Burushaski Bouem Bor (Lwo) USE Lefana Assigned collective code [ssa] Boulou (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Bulu UF Belanda Bouroum Bora USE Birom Assigned collective code [sai] Bouyei (South American Indian Assigned collective code [tai] (Other)) (Tai (Other)) UF Boro (South America) UF Buyi (China and Vietnam) Boran Dioi (China and Vietnam) Assigned collective code [orm] Giay (Oromo) Nhang Borduaria Puyi USE Nocte Yay Bomu Boyash USE Kanuri Assigned collective code [rum] Boro (India and Nepal) (Romanian) USE Bodo Bozo Boro (South America) Assigned collective code [nic] USE Bora (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Bororo (Brazil) UF Sorko Assigned collective code [sai] Sorogo (South American Indian Brahui (Other)) Assigned collective code [dra] Bororo (West Africa) (Dravidian (Other)) Assigned collective code [ful] UF Berouhi (Fula) Birohi Boruca Brohki Assigned collective code [cai] Braj [bra] (Central American Indian Brame (Other)) USE Mankanya UF Brunka Brava Island Creole Bumnca USE Cape Verde Creole Bosnian [bos] Breton [bre] Botelkude UF Armoric USE Halopa

page 32 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Bribri Bugotu Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [map] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) Brissa UF Mahaga Assigned collective code [nic] Buhagana (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Macuna UF Anufo (Cote d'Ivoire) Builsa British Sign Language USE Buli Assigned collective code [sgn] Buin (Sign languages) Assigned collective code [paa] Brohki (Papuan (Other)) USE Brahui UF Rugara Brunka Telei USE Boruca Bukar Sadong Bua languages Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [nic] (Austronesian (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Sadong UF Boua languages Serian Bual Tebakang USE Buol Bukidnon Buang USE Binukid Manobo Assigned collective code [map] Bukidnon Manobo, Western (Austronesian (Other)) USE Western Bukidnon Manobo Bube Bukiyup Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Mountain Arapesh (Bantu (Other)) Bukusu UF Bubi (Equatorial Guinea) Assigned collective code [bnt] Femandian (Bantu (Other)) Bubi (Equatorial Guinea) UF Lubukusu USE Bube Bulama Bubi (Gabon) USE Mankanya Assigned collective code [bnt] Bulang (Bantu (Other)) USE Blang UF Pove Bulea Budik USE Buli USE Bedik Bulgarian [bul] Budu Bulgarian, Old (to 1100) Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Church Slavic (Bantu (Other)) Bulgaro-Tdrkic Budukh Assigned collective code [tut] Assigned collective code [cau] (Altaic (Other)) (Caucasian (Other)) UF Turko-Bulgarian Buem Bub USE Lefana Assigned collective code [nic] Buginese (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Bugis UF Builsa Bugis [bug] Bulea UF Buginese Bulugu Guresha Kanjaga

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 33 Name Sequence

Bulia Burji USE Bolia Assigned collective code [cus] Bullom, Northern (Cushitic (Other)) USE Northern Bullom Burmese [bur] Bullom, Southern Burn (Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana) USE Sherbro USE Mo (Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana) Bulse Burum (Nigeria) USE Bobo Fing USE Birom Bulu Burum (Papua New Guinea) Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [paa] (Bantu (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) UF Boulou UF Bulum Bulugu Burunca USE Buli USE Boruca Bulum Burushaski USE Burum (Papua New Guinea) Assigned collective code [mis] Buma (Congo) (Miscellaneous languages) USE Boma (Congo) UF Boorishki Bunak Khajuna Assigned collective code Ipaa] Buryat (Papuan (Other)) USE Buriat Bunama Busa Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [nic] (Austronesian (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Bunda UF Boko USE Kimbundu Bushman languages Bunda (Indonesia) USE San languages USE Suwawa Butchulla Bundeli Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [inc] (Australian languages) (Indie (Other)) Buyi (China and Vietnam) Bunun USE Bouyei Assigned collective code [map] Buzi (Austronesian (Other)) USE Loma Buol Bwaidoga Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [map] (Austronesian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Bual Bwaka Bwuolo USE Ngbaka ma'bo Dia Bwamu Burarra Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [aus] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Australian languages) UF Bobo Wule UF Bara (Australia) Bouamou Jikai Bwatoo Tchikai Assigned collective code [map] Buriat [bua] (Austronesian (Other)) UF Buryat Bwem Mongolian, Northern USE Lefana Northern Mongolian Bwine-Mukuni USE Lenje

page 34 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Bwisi-Talinga Caingua USE Talinga-Bwisi Assigned collective code [sai] Bwuolo (South American Indian (Other)) USE Buol UF Cayua Byelorussian Kaingua USE Belarusian Kaiwa (Brazil) Byzantine Greek Cajun French USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Assigned collective code [roa] Cabardan (Romance (Other)) USE Kabardian UF Acadian (Louisiana) Cabecar French, Cajun Assigned collective code [cai] Louisiana Acadian (Central American Indian (Other)) Louisiana French Cacaopera Cakavian USE Matagalpa Assigned collective code [sla] Cacchi (Slavic (Other)) USE Kekchi Cakchikel Cachari Assigned collective code [myn] USE Dimasa (Mayan languages) Cacua UF Kacchiquel Assigned collective code [sai] Cakhar (South American Indian (Other)) USE Chahar UF Macu de cubeo Calabar Macu de desano USE Efik Macu de guanano Calabrian Albanian Caddo [cad] Assigned collective code [alb] Caduveo (Albanian) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Albanian, Calabrian (South American Indian (Other)) Calamian UF Kadiweu USE Kalamian Cagaba Callahuaya USE Kagaba Assigned collective code [sai] Cagayan Agta, Central (South American Indian (Other)) USE Agta UF Callawalla Cagayano Cillo Callawaya USE Kagayanen Kallawaya Cagayanon Qollahuaya USE Jama Mapun Callawalla Cahita USE Callahuaya Assigned collective code [cai] Callawaya (Central American Indian (Other)) USE Callahuaya Cahuilla Calmuck Assigned collective code [cai] USE Kalmyk (Central American Indian (Other)) Cal6 (Romani) UF Coahuila Assigned collective code [mis] Kawia (Shoshone) (Miscellaneous languages) Caingang Caluyanun USE Kaingang Assigned collective code [phi] (Philippine (Other)) Cam USE Cham

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 35 Name Sequence

Camba Candoshi USE Chiriguano Assigned collective code [sai] Cambodian (South American Indian USE Khmer (Other)) Camling UF Kandoshi USE Chamling Morato Campa Murato Assigned collective code [sai] Shapra (South American Indian Canella (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Ande (South American Indian Asheninca (Other)) Camsa UF Kanela Assigned collective code [sai] Canoeiro (South American Indian USE Rikbaktsa (Other)) Cantonese UF Coche USE Chinese Kamentza Cao Lan Kamsa Assigned collective code [tai] Sebondoy (Tai (Other)) Sibondoy Capanahua Camuhi Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [map] (South American Indian (Austronesian (Other)) (Other)) UF Cemuhi Cape Dutch Tyamuhi USE Afrikaans Wagap Cape Verde Creole Canaanite Assigned collective code [cpp] Assigned collective code [sem] (Creoles and Pidgins, (Semitic (Other)) Portuguese-based (Other)) Canala UF Brava Island Creole USE Anesu Capul Canamari (Tucanoan) USE Abaknon Assigned collective code [sai] Caqueta (South American Indian USE Coreguaje (Other)) Caquinte UF Kanamari (Tucanoan) Assigned collective code [sai] Canarese (South American Indian USE Kannada (Other)) Canari Caraja Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [sai] (South American Indian (South American Indian (Other)) (Other)) Cancanai UF Karaja USE Kankanay Carapana (Tucanoan) Assigned collective code [sai] (South American Indian (Other)) UF Karapana (Tucanoan) Mochda (Tucanoan)

page 36 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Carelian Catio USE Karelian Assigned collective code [sai] Carib [car] (South American Indian (Other)) UF Galibi UF Embena, Northern Carib, Black Epera, Northern USE Garifuna Katio Cariri Northern Epera USE Kariri Caucasian (Other) [cau] Caritiana Collective code for: USE Karitiana Abazin Camijo Bats USE Fulnio Bezhta Carolinian Botlikh Assigned collective code [map] Budukh (Austronesian (Other)) Chamalal Carpatho-Rusyn Dido Assigned collective code [sla] Hunzib (Slavic (Other)) Kubachi UF Rusyn Lak Carrier Mingrelian Assigned collective code [ath] Svan (Athapascan (Other)) Tabasaran UF Takulli Tsakhur Cashibo Ubykh Assigned collective code [sai] Udi (South American Indian (Other)) Urartian UF Comabo Cauhelawa Cashinawa USE Kurada Assigned collective code [sai] Cauqui (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Kashinawa (South American Indian (Other)) Sheminawa UF Jacaru Cashubian Jaqaru USE Kashubian Cavineno Casiguran Agta Assigned collective code [sai] USE Dumagat (Casiguran) (South American Indian (Other)) Casiguran Dumagat Cayapa USE Dumagat (Casiguran) Assigned collective code [sai] (South American Indian (Other)) Castilian USE Spanish Cayapo Catalan [cat] Assigned collective code [sai] (South American Indian (Other)) Also collective code for: Majorcan Catalan UF Kayapo Valencian Catalan Cayua USE Caingua Catalan, Majorcan USE Majorcan Catalan Cayuga Assigned collective code [iro] Catalan, Valencian (Iroquoian (Other)) USE Valencian Catalan Cebuano [ceb] UF Sebuano

page 37 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Cegiha Central American Indian (Other) (Continued) USE Dhegiha Miskito Celdal Mixe USE Tzeltal Mixtec Celtic (Other) [cel] Opata Collective code for: Panamint Gaulish Pima Welsh, Middle (ca. 1100-1400) Popoloca Welsh, Old (to 1100) Rama Cemuhi Seri USE Camuhi Shoshoni Central American Indian (Other) [cai] Sierra Popoluca Use for the other languages of Central Southern Paiute America and Mexico, as well as for the Sumo languages of the Azteco-Tanoan language Tarahumara phylum. Tarascan Collective code for: Tepehuan Amuzgo Terraba Boruca Tewa Bribri Tlapanec Cabecar Tohono O'odham Cahita Totonac Cahuilla Trique Chatino Ulva Chiapanec Ute Chinantecan languages Yaqui Chocho Zoque Chontal Central Aslian languages Cochimi USE Senoic languages Comanche Central Bontoc Cora Assigned collective code [phi] Cuicatec (Philippine (Other)) Cuitlateco UF Bontoc, Central Cupeno Central Cagayan Agta Eudeve USE Agta Garifuna Central Ekoi Guarijfo USE Ejagham Guatuso Central Khmer Guaymi USE Khmer Hopi Central Manobo Huave USE Western Bukidnon Manobo Huichol Central Mindanao Manobo Ixcateco USE Western Bukidnon Manobo Jicaque Central Sakai Kawaiisu USE Semai Kiowa Central Shona Lenca USE Zezuru Mangue Matagalpa Mayo (Piman) Mazateco

page 38 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Central Subanen Cham Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [cmc] (Philippine (Other)) (Chamic languages) UF Sindangan Subanun UF Cam Subanen, Central Chama (Tacanan) Subanun, Sindangan USE Ese Ejja Central Yupik Chamacoco Assigned collective code [ypk] Assigned collective code [sai] (Yupik languages) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Eskimo, West Alaska Chamalal West Alaska Eskimo Assigned collective code [cau] Cewa (Caucasian (Other)) USE Chewa Chami Ceylon Portuguese Assigned collective code [sai] USE Indo-Portuguese (South American Indian (Other)) Chabacano UF Embera Chami Assigned collective code [crp] Chamic languages [cmc] (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) Collective code for: UF Chavacano Cham Zamboangueno Haroi Chacobo Jarai Assigned collective code [sai] Rade (South American Indian (Other)) Roglai Chaga Chamicuro Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [sai] (Bantu (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Djaga Chamling Dschagga Assigned collective code [sit] Jagga (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Tschagga UF Camling Chagatai [chg] Chamorro [cha] UF Dschagatai UF Tjamoro Jagataic Chamula Old Uzbek USE Tzotzil Tschagatai Chanabal Uzbek, Old USE Tojolabal Chahar Chanco Assigned collective code [mon] USE Waunana (Mongolian) Chandinahua UF Cakhar USE Sharanahua Chahta Chang USE Choctaw Assigned collective code [sit] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Chakma Assigned collective code [inc] UF Mojung (Indie (Other)) Changana USE Tsonga Chakosi USE Anufo Chao Bon USE Nyah Kur Chala USE Ron Chao Le Chaldean (Urartian) USE Urak Lawoi’ USE Urartian

October 2007 page 39 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Chasu Chichimeca Pame USE Asu USE Pame Chatino Chickasaw Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [nai] (Central American Indian (North American Indian (Other)) (Other)) Chattisgarhi Chiglit Assigned collective code [inc] USE Kopagmiut (Indie (Other)) Chilcotin Chavacano Assigned collective code [ath] USE Chabacano (Athapascan (Other)) Chavante Acuan UF Tsilkotin USE Xavante Chiluba Chawi USE Luba-Katanga USE Chayahuita Chiluwunda Chayahuita USE Ruund Assigned collective code [sai] Chimakonde (South American Indian USE Makonde (Other)) Chimane UF Chawi Assigned collective code [sai] Chechen [che] (South American Indian UF Tchetchen (Other)) Chepang UF Nawazi-Montji Assigned collective code [sit] Tsimane (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Chimariko Cheremissian Assigned collective code [nai] USE Mari (North American Indian Cherokee [chr] (Other)) Cheso Chimba Assigned collective code [spa] USE Himba (Spanish) Chimu Chetimacha USE Yunca USE Chitimacha Chin, Haka Chewa USE Haka Chin Assigned collective code [nya] Chin, Tiddim (Nyania) USE Tiddim Chin UF Cewa China (Africa) Cheyenne [chy] USE Shona Chi-yao Chinantecan languages USE Yao (Africa) Assigned collective code [cai] Chiapanec (Central American Indian Assigned collective code [cai] (Other)) (Central American Indian Chinbok (Other)) USE Mtin Chin Chibcha [chb] Chinbon Chicano Assigned collective code [sit] USE Spanish (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Chichimeca-Jonaz Chindau Assigned collective code [oto] USE Ndau (Otomian languages)

page 40 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Chinese [chi] Chiwere UF Cantonese Assigned collective code [sio] Mandarin (Siouan (Other)) Chingpaw Chleuh USE Kachin USE Shilha Chino Chocama Assigned collective code [sit] USE Waunana (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Chocho UF Jino Assigned collective code [cai] Chinook jargon [chn] (Central American Indian (Other)) UF Chinook pidgin Chocho (Tlapanec) Chinook pidgin USE Tlapanec USE Chinook jargon Choctaw [cho] Chinyanja UF Chahta USE Nyanja Chokwe Chipaya Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [sai] (Bantu (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Cibokwe UF Puquina (Chipaya) Cokwe Chipewyan [chp] Jok UF Dene Katchokue Montagnais (Athapascan) Kioko Chippewa Quioco USE Ojibwa Tutchokue Chiquito Choi Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [myn] (South American Indian (Other)) (Mayan languages) Chiranga Cholon USE Siriano Assigned collective code [sai] Chiricahua (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [apa] Choluteca (Apache languages) USE Mangue Chiriguano Chontal Assigned collective code [grn] Assigned collective code [cai] (Guarani) (Central American Indian (Other)) UF Aba UF Tequistlateca Camba Chontal of Tabasco Tembeta Assigned collective code [myn] (Mayan languages) Chiripa Assigned collective code [grn] Chontaquiro (Guarani) Assigned collective code [sai] (South American Indian (Other)) UF Tsiripa UF Chuntaquiro Chiripuno Piro (Arawakan) USE Arabela Simirenchi Chisalampasu USE Salampasu Chopi Assigned collective code [bnt] Chitimacha (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [nai] (North American Indian (Other)) UF Lenge UF Chetimacha Chora Shetimasha USE Cora

October 2007 page 41 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Choresmian Church Slavic [chu] USE Khorezmi UF Bulgarian, Old (to 1100) Choroti Old Bulgarian (to 1100) Assigned collective code [sai] Old Church Slavic (South American Indian Old Slovenian (Other)) Slavonic, Old Church UF Yofuaha Slovenian, Old Chorti Chuukese [chk] Assigned collective code [myn] UF Truk (Mayan languages) Chuvash [chv] Chota Nagpuri Chwee USE Sadani USE Twi Chrau Ci-Renje Assigned collective code [mkh] USE Lenje (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Cibokwe Chuana USE Chokwe USE Tswana Cilkuhane Chuang USE Subiya USE Zhuang Ciluba Chuave USE Luba-Lulua Assigned collective code [paa] Cimba (Papuan (Other)) USE Himba UF Tjuave Cimbrian Chuj Assigned collective code [ger] Assigned collective code [myn] (German) (Mayan languages) Circassian, East Chukchi USE Kabardian Assigned collective code [mis] Circassian, Lower (Miscellaneous languages) USE Adygei UF Tchuktchi Circassian, Upper Tuski USE Kabardian Chulupi Circassian, West Assigned collective code [sai] USE Adygei (South American Indian Ciruuri (Other)) USE Ruri UF Ashluslay Ciyao Nivacle USE Yao (Africa) Chumash Classical Greek Assigned collective code [nai] USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) (North American Indian Classical Syriac (Other)) USE Syriac Chungli Coahuila USE Ao USE Cahuilla Chuntaquiro Coahuilteco USE Chontaquiro Assigned collective code [nai] (North American Indian (Other)) UF Tejano Coaiker USE Cuaiquer

page 42 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Coana Cook Islands Maori USE Tswana USE Rarotongan Cocama Coorg Assigned collective code [sai] USE Kodagu (South American Indian (Other)) Coos UF Kokama Assigned collective code [nai] Ucayale (North American Indian (Other)) Coche UF Kaus USE Camsa Kwokwoos Cochimi Coptic [cop] Assigned collective code [cai] Cora (Central American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Cocopa (Central American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [nai] UF Chora (North American Indian (Other)) Nayarita Cofan Coreguaje Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [sai] (South American Indian (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF A'i UF Caqueta Kofan Cornish [cor] Cokwe Corsican [cos] USE Chokwe Coso Colorado USE Panamint Assigned collective code [sai] Costanoan (South American Indian (Other)) USE Ohlone UF Tsacela Cotabato Manobo Yumba Assigned collective code [mno] Colville (Manobo languages) Assigned collective code [sal] Coto (Tucanoan) (Salishan languages) USE Orejon Comabo Cotocoli USE Cashibo USE Tern Coman Cowlitz USE Kipchak Assigned collective code [sal] Comanche (Salishan languages) Assigned collective code [cai] Cree [ere] (Central American Indian (Other)) UF Cris Comorian Knistenaux Assigned collective code [bnt] Maskegon (Bantu (Other)) Cree, French Comox USE Michif Assigned collective code [sal] Creek [mus] (Salishan languages) UF Maskoki UF Komuk Muscogee Congo USE Kongo Conibo USE Shipibo-Conibo Conob USE Kanjobal

October 2007 page 43 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Creoles and Pidgins (Other) [crp] Crimean Tatar [crh] UF Pidgins UF Crimean Turkish Collective code for: Tatar, Crimean Ambonese Malay Turkish, Crimean Betawi Crimean Turkish Chabacano USE Crimean Tatar Fanakalo Crioulo Kituba Assigned collective code [cpp] Naga Pidgin (Creoles and Pidgins, San Basilio del Palenque Portuguese-based (Other)) Spanish Creole Cris Unami jargon USE Cree Creoles and Pidgins, English-based (Other) Croatian [scr] [cpe] Crow UF English-based Creoles and Assigned collective code [sio] Pidgins (Other) (Siouan (Other)) Collective code for: Cua Bamyili Creole Assigned collective code [mkh] Djuka (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Fitzroy Valley Kriol UF Bong Miew Hawaiian Pidgin English Kor Jamaican Creole Traw Krio Cuaiquer Kriol Assigned collective code [sai] Pidgin English (South American Indian Saramaccan (Other)) Sea Islands Creole UF Coaiker Creoles and Pidgins, French-based (Other) Koaiker [cpf] Cuambia UF French-based Creoles and USE Moguex Pidgins (Other) Cuana Collective code for: USE Tswana Dominican French Creole Cuanhama Louisiana French Creole USE Kuanyama Mauritian French Creole Cubeo Michif Assigned collective code [sai] Reunionese French Creole (South American Indian Seychellois French Creole (Other)) Creoles and Pidgins, Portuguese-based Cubulco Achi (Other) [cpp] USE Achi UF Portuguese-based Creoles and Cuiba Pidgins (Other) Assigned collective code [sai] Collective code for: (South American Indian Annobon (Other)) Cape Verde Creole UF Cuiva Crioulo Cuicatec Indo-Portuguese Assigned collective code [cai] Cretan Greek, East (Central American Indian USE East Cretan Greek (Other))

page 44 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Cuitlateco Czech, Old (to 1500) Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [sla] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Slavic (Other)) UF Teco (Cuitlateco) UF Old Czech Cuiva Daa USE Cuiba Assigned collective code [map] Culamanes (Austronesian (Other)) USE Sarangani Manobo UF Pekawa Culina Daba (Cameroon and Nigeria) Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [afa] (South American Indian (Other)) (Afroasiatic (Other)) Cuman Dabossa USE Kipchak USE Toposa Cumana Dafla Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [sit] (South American Indian (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Cuna UF Nisi Assigned collective code [sai] Daga (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Kuna (Papuan (Other)) Cunama UF Dimuga USE Kunama Nawp Cupeno Dagaare Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [nic] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Cup'ig Dagbani Assigned collective code [ypk] Assigned collective code [nic] (Yupik languages) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Cushitic (Other) [cus] UF Dagomba Collective code for: Daghur Burji USE Dagur Dasenech Dagomba Gedeo USE Dagbani Hadiya Dagsexe Iraqw USE Tucano Kambata Dagur Rendille Assigned collective code [tut] Tunni (Altaic (Other)) Cuyunon UF Daghur Assigned collective code [phi] Daur (Philippine (Other)) Dahoman UF Kuyonon USE Fon Cwana Dai Na USE Tswana USE Tai Niia Cymric Daingatti USE Welsh USE Dhungutti Czech [cze] Dairi Pakpak UF Bohemian Assigned collective code [btk] (Batak) UF Pakpak

page 45 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Dajak Dano USE Dayak USE Asaro Dakhini Dano-Norwegian Assigned collective code [urd] USE Norwegian (Urdu) Norwegian (Bokmal) Dakota [dak] Danuwar Rai UF Sioux Assigned collective code [inc] Also collective code for: (Indie (Other)) Assiniboine Darasa Lakota USE Gedeo Santee Darghi Yankton USE Dargwa Damana Dargin Assigned collective code [sai] USE Dargwa (South American Indian Dargwa [dar] (Other)) UF Darghi UF Arosario Dargin Guamaca Dari Malayo Assigned collective code [per] Maracasero (Persian) Sanja UF Kabuli Wiwa Khorasani Dami Dari (Chad) USE Ham USE Day (Chad) Dan (Cote d’Ivoire) Daribi Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [paa] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) UF Gio UF Elu Yacouba Karimui Danakil Makarub USE Afar Mikaru Dang (Papua New Guinea) Darling River dialects USE Lavongai Assigned collective code [aus] Dangaleat (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [afa] UF Bagandji dialects (Afroasiatic (Other)) Dase Dangme USE Tucano USE Adangme Dasenech Danish [dan] Assigned collective code [cus] Danish, Old (to 1500) (Cushitic (Other)) Assigned collective code [gem] UF Geleb (Germanic Other) Marille UF Old Danish Daur Danjong-ka USE Dagur Assigned collective code [sit] Davak (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Hre UF Bhotic of Sikkim Dawawa De-jong ke Assigned collective code [map] Sikkim Bhotia (Austronesian (Other)) Sikkimese

page 46 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Day (Chad) Denca Assigned collective code [afa] USE Dinka (Afroasiatic (Other)) Dendi UF Dari (Chad) Assigned collective code [son] Sara Dai (Songhai) Dayak [day] Dene UF Bidayuh USE Chipewyan Bideyu Denya Dajak USE Anyang Dyak Dera Kendayan USE Kanakuru Land Dayak Derasa Also collective code for: USE Gedeo Biatah Desana Daza Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [ssa] (South American Indian (Other)) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Wira De-jong ke Desite USE Danjong-ka USE West Makian Debabaon Dhargari USE Dibabawon USE Tharrkari Dedua Dhe Lwo Assigned collective code [paa] USE Lwo (Sudan) (Papuan (Other)) Dhegiha Deforo Assigned collective code [sio] USE Kurumba (Siouan (Other)) Deg UF Cegiha USE Mo (Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana) Dhimba Dehawali USE Himba Assigned collective code [inc] Dhivehi (Indie (Other)) USE Divehi Dehong Dai Dho Alur USE Tai Niia USE Alur Dehu Dho Luo Assigned collective code [map] USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) (Austronesian (Other)) Dhundhari UF Drehu USE Jaipuri Lifu Dhungutti Miny Assigned collective code [aus] Delaware [del] (Australian languages) UF Lenape UF Daingatti Lenni Lenape Dyangadi Also collective code for: Thangatti Munsee Dia Demotic USE Buol USE Egyptian Dibabaon Dena'ina USE Dibabawon Assigned collective code [ath] (Athapascan (Other)) UF Tanaina

page 47 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Dibabawon Dionkor Assigned collective code [mno] USE Jongor (Manobo languages) Dioula UF Debabaon USE Dyula Dibabaon Diriku Mandaya Assigned collective code [bnt] Dida [kro] (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [kro] UF Mbogedo (Kru (Other)) Rugciriku UF Wawi Rumanyo Dido Shimbogedu Assigned collective code [cau] Ditammari (Caucasian (Other)) USE Somba UF Tsez Diula Die USE Dyula USE Jeh Divehi [div] Diegueno UF Dhivehi Assigned collective code [nai] Maldivian (North American Indian Djaga (Other)) USE Chaga Digaro Djao Assigned collective code [sit] USE Yao (Africa) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Djaru UF Taraon Assigned collective code [aus] Taying (Australian languages) Dikkukaji UF Jaroo USE Sadani Tjaru Dimasa Djedji Assigned collective code [sit] USE Fon (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Djerma UF Cachari USE Zarma Hill Kachari Djinang Kachari Assigned collective code [aus] Dimli (Australian languages) USE Zaza UF Jandjinung Dimuga Yandjinung USE Daga Djingili Dingal Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [mwr] (Australian languages) (Marwari) UF Jingulu Dingalan Dumagat Tjingili USE Dumagat (Umirey) Djo Dinka [din] USE Ijo UF Denca Djoeka Dioi (China and Vietnam) USE Djuka USE Bouyei Djongor Diola USE Jongor Assigned collective code [nic] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Dyola Yola

page 48 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Djuka Douala Assigned collective code [cpe] USE Duala (Creoles and Pidgins, Dravidian (Other) [dra] English-based (Other)) Collective code for: UF Aucaans Abujhmaria Aukan Alu Kurumba Djoeka Brahui Ndjuka Gadaba (Dravidian) Dobel Kodagu Assigned collective code [map] Kolami (Austronesian (Other)) Kota (India) UF Kobroor Kui Dobu Kuvi Assigned collective code [map] Malto (Austronesian (Other)) Pengo Dochkafuara Toda (India) USE Tuyuca Tulu Dogon Drehu Assigned collective code [nic] USE Dehu (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Drubea UF Habe USE Dumbea Tombo Drukai Dogri [doi] USE Rukai Also collective code for: Druna Kangri USE Ngiti Dogrib [dgr] Dschagatai UF Thlingchadinne USE Chagatai Dohema Dschagga USE Eudeve USE Chaga Doko (Congo) Duala [dua] Assigned collective code [bnt] UF Douala (Bantu (Other)) Dulien Dolgan USE Lushai Assigned collective code [tut] Dumagat (Casiguran) (Altaic (Other)) Assigned collective code [phi] Dominican French Creole (Philippine (Other)) Assigned collective code [cpf] UF Agta (Casiguran) (Creoles and Pidgins, French-based Casiguran Agta (Other)) Casiguran Dumagat UF French Creole, Dominican Dumagat (Umirey) Dong (China) Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [tai] (Philippine (Other)) (Tai (Other)) UF Agta (Umirey) UF Gam (China) Dingalan Dumagat Kam (China) Umirey Agta Tong (China) Umirey Dumagat T‘ung Dumbea Dongola-Kenuz Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [nub] (Austronesian (Other)) (Nubian languages) UF Drubea UF Kenuz

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 49 Name Sequence

Duna East Circassian Assigned collective code [paa] USE Kabardian (Papuan (Other)) East Cretan Greek UF Yuna Assigned collective code [gre] Dungan (Greek, Modem (1453-)) Assigned collective code [sit] UF Cretan Greek, East (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Greek, East Cretan Duruma East Frisian [frs] Assigned collective code [bnt] UF Frisian, East (Bantu (Other)) East Greenlandic Dusun USE Ammassalimiut Assigned collective code [map] East Makian (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Kadazan (Austronesian (Other)) Dutch [dut] UF Inner Makian UF Flemish Makian, East Netherlandic Makian, Inner Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350) [dum] Taba UF Middle Dutch East Slavic Dutch, Old (to 1050) USE Russian, Old (to 1300) Assigned collective code [gem] East Uvean (Germanic (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Franconian, Old Low (Austronesian (Other)) Old Dutch UF Uvean, East Old Low Franconian Wallisian Dyak Eastern Arrernte USE Dayak Assigned collective code [aus] Dyangadi (Australian languages) USE Dhungutti UF Aranda, Eastern Dye Arrernte, Eastern USE Mi Gangam Eastern Bontoc Dyerma Assigned collective code [phi] USE Zarma (Philippine (Other)) Dyola UF Bontoc, Eastern USE Diola Eastern Ifugao Dyula [dyu] Assigned collective code [phi] UF Dioula (Philippine (Other)) Diula UF Ifugao, Eastern Jula Eastern Mnong Dyur Assigned collective code [mkh] USE Lwo (Sudan) (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Dzhuhuric UF Mnong, Eastern USE Judeo-Tat Eastern Panjabi Dzilio USE Panjabi USE Bari Eastern Pomo Dzo Assigned collective code [nai] USE Ijo (North American Indian Dzongkha [dzo] (Other)) UF Bhotia of Bhutan UF Pomo, Eastern Bhutanese Eastern Sakai USE Jah Hut

page 50 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Eastern Turki Ekaw USE Uighur USE Kaw Ebira Ekegusii Assigned collective code [nic] USE Gusii (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Ekpeye UF Egbira Assigned collective code [nic] Igbira (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Eblaite Ekwe Assigned collective code [sem] USE Ejagham (Semitic (Other)) Elamite [elx] UF Paleocanaanite UF Amardic Ebon Anzanic USE Marshallese Susian Echeloot Eleuth USE Tlakluit USE Aleut Ede Ellicean USE Rade USE Tuvaluan Edo [bin] Elu UF Bini USE Daribi Efik [efi] Ema UF Calabar USE Kemak Also collective code for: Embena, Northern Ibibio USE Catio Egbira Embera Chami USE Ebira USE Chami Eggon Embu Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Egun Emerillon USE Gun-Gbe Assigned collective code [sai] Egyptian [egy] (South American Indian (Other)) UF Demotic UF Mereo Hieratic Teco (Tupi) Hieroglyphics (Egyptian) Emok Eipo USE Mascoi Assigned collective code [paa] Enga (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] Ejagham (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] UF Tsaga (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Engenni UF Central Ekoi Assigned collective code [nic] Ekwe (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Ezam Enggano Ejo Assigned collective code [map] USE Ijo (Austronesian (Other)) Ek Nii UF Etaka USE Nii English [eng] Ekagi English, Middle (1100-1500) [enm] USE Kapauku UF Middle English Ekajuk [eka]

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 51 Name Sequence

English, Old (ca. 450-1100) [ang] Estonian [est] UF Anglo-Saxon Also collective code for: Old English Setu West Saxon Esuulaalu English-based Creoles and Pidgins (Other) Assigned collective code [nic] USE Creoles and Pidgins, (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) English-based (Other) Etaka Enim USE Enggano Assigned collective code [map] Etchemin (Austronesian (Other)) USE Passamaquoddy Ennemor Ethiopic [gez] USE Inor UF Geez Enochian Etruscan Assigned collective code [art] Assigned collective code [mis] (Artificial (Other)) (Miscellaneous languages) Epena Saija Etsako Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [nic] (South American Indian (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Other)) UF Afenmai UF Saija Iyekhee Saixa Kukuruku Epera, Northern Yekhee USE Catio Euahlayi Era River USE Yualyai USE Gope Eudeve Eromanga Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [map] (Central American Indian (Austronesian (Other)) (Other)) UF Sie UF Batuco Sye Dohema Erronan Hegue USE Futuna-Aniwa Eurika Erzya [myv] USE Purari Ese Ejja Europanto Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [art] (South American Indian (Artificial (Other)) (Other)) Euskara UF Chama (Tacanan) USE Basque Guacanahua Even Guarayo (Tacanan) Assigned collective code [tut] Huarayo (Tacanan) (Altaic (Other)) Tiatinagua UF Lamut Eskimo, Asiatic Evenki USE Yuit Assigned collective code [tut] Eskimo, South Alaska (Altaic (Other)) USE Pacific Gulf Yupik UF O-wen-k'o Eskimo, West Alaska Tungus USE Central Yupik Eviya Eskimo languages, Western USE Geviya USE Yupik languages Evora Esperanto [epo] USE Purari

page 52 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Ewage Fe'fe’ USE Notu Assigned collective code [bai] Ewe [ewe] (Bamileke languages) Ewondo [ewo] UF Bafang UF Jaunde Fa (Bamileke) Yaounde Kuu Yaunde Nufi Eyak Fegolmin Assigned collective code [nai] USE Faiwol (North American Indian (Other)) Fer UF Ugalachmut USE Kara (Central African Republic and Eyo Sudan) USE Yoruba Femandian Ezam USE Bube USE Ejagham Fiadidja Fa (Bamileke) USE Mahas-Fiyadikka USE Fe'fe' Fiji Hindi Fadicca Assigned collective code [inc] USE Mahas-Fiyadikka (Indie (Other)) Faiwol UF Hindi, Fiji Assigned collective code [paa] Fijian [fij] (Papuan (Other)) UF Viti UF Fegolmin Fila Faior USE Mele-Fila Assigned collective code [nic] Filipino [fil] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Filipino (Tagalog) UF Palor USE Tagalog Falven Finng USE Kipchak USE Bobo Fing Fan (Bantu) Finnish [fin] USE Fang Finnish Lapp Fanagalo USE Inari Sami USE Fanakalo Finno-Ugrian (Other) [fiu] Fanakalo Collective code for: Assigned collective code [crp] Ingrian (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) Khanty UF Fanagalo Livonian Pidgin Kaffir Ludic Fang [fan] Mansi UF Fan (Bantu) Mordvin Fanti [fat] Veps Faroese [fao] Finontok USE Bontoc Farsi USE Persian Fipa Assigned collective code [bnt] Fasu Assigned collective code [paa] (Bantu (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) Fitzroy Valley Kriol Assigned collective code [cpe] Favorlang (Creoles and Pidgins, Assigned collective code [map] (Austronesian (Other)) English-based (Other)) UF Babuza

page 53 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Fiu French-based Creoles and Pidgins (Other) USE Kwara'ae USE Creoles and Pidgins, French-based Fiyadikka (Other) USE Mahas-Fiyadikka French Cree Flemish USE Michif USE Dutch French Creole, Dominican Folopa USE Dominican French Creole Assigned collective code [paa] French Creole, Haitian (Papuan (Other)) USE Haitian French Creole Fon [fan] French Creole, Louisiana UF Dahoman USE Louisiana French Creole Djedji French Creole, Mauritian Jeji USE Mauritian French Creole Fore French Creole, Reunionese Assigned collective code [paa] USE Reunionese French Creole (Papuan (Other)) French Creole, Seychellois Foulse USE Seychellois French Creole USE Kurumba Friesian Fox USE Frisian Assigned collective code [alg] Frigano Jate (Algonquian (Other)) USE Yagaria Frafra Frisian [fry] USE Nankanse UF Friesian Franco-Italian West Frisian USE Franco-Venetian Frisian, East F ranco-Venetian USE East Frisian Assigned collective code [roa] Frisian, North (Romance (Other)) USE North Frisian UF Franco-Italian Frisian, Old (to 1500) Franconian, Old Low Assigned collective code [gem] USE Dutch, Old (to 1050) (Germanic (Other)) French [fre] UF Old Frisian Also collective code for: Friulian [fur] Allevard French Fula [ful] Morvan French UF Adamawa Poitevin French Fulah Saintongeais French Fulani French, Allevard Fulbe USE Allevard French Fulfulde French, Cajun Peul USE Cajun French Poul French, Middle (ca. 1300-1600) [frm] Also collective code for: UF Middle French Bororo (West Africa) French, Morvan Pular USE Morvan French Fulah French, Old (ca. 842-1300) [fro] USE Fula UF Old French Fulani French, Poitevin USE Fula USE Poitevin French Fulbe French, Saintongeais USE Fula USE Saintongeais French

page 54 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Fulfulde Gagauz USE Fula Assigned collective code [tut] Fuliru (Altaic (Other)) Assigned collective code [bnt] Gahom (Bantu (Other)) USE Bahinemo Fulnio Gahuku Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [paa] (South American Indian (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) UF Camijo Galawa late USE Alawa Yahthe Galela Yate (Brazil) Assigned collective code [paa] Fulse (Papuan (Other)) USE Kurumba Galgadung Fur USE Kalkatungu Assigned collective code [ssa] Galibi (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Carib Futuna-Aniwa Galician [gig] Assigned collective code [map] UF Gallegan (Austronesian (Other)) Galla UF Erronan USE Oromo West Futuna Gallegan Ga [gaa] USE Galician UF Acra Gallic Incran USE Gaulish Gabri Gallinya Assigned collective code [afa] USE Oromo (Afroasiatic (Other)) Gallong Gadaba (Dravidian) Assigned collective code [sit] Assigned collective code [dra] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) (Dravidian (Other)) Gam (China) UF Gadba (Dravidian) USE Dong (China) Gudwa (Dravidian) Gamai (Nigeria) Gutob (Dravidian) USE Goemai Konekor Gadaba Gambai Ollari Assigned collective code [ssa] Salur (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Gadba (Dravidian) UF Kabba Laka USE Gadaba (Dravidian) Ngambai Gaddang Sara Gambai Assigned collective code [phi] Gamo (Ethiopia) (Philippine (Other)) Assigned collective code [afa] (Afroasiatic (Other)) Gadio USE Bisorio UF Gemu Gadsup Ganda [lug] Assigned collective code [paa] UF Luganda (Papuan (Other)) Gandja USE Narak Gaelic (Irish) USE Irish Gang USE Acoli Gaelic (Scots) USE Scottish Gaelic

page 55 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Gangam Gbaya [gba] USE Mi Gangam UF Baya Ganguela Gbeya Assigned collective code [bnt] Gbeya (Bantu (Other)) USE Gbaya UF Ngangela Gdebo Gapapaiwa USE Grebo Assigned collective code [map] Ge (Austronesian (Other)) USE Gen-Gbe UF Manape Gedaged Garawa Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [aus] (Austronesian (Other)) (Australian languages) UF Graged UF Karawa (Australia) Gedebo Korrawa USE Grebo Kurrawar Gedeo Leearrawa Assigned collective code [cus] Garhwali (Cushitic (Other)) Assigned collective code [inc] UF Darasa (Indie (Other)) Derasa Garifuna Geechee Assigned collective code [cai] USE Sea Islands Creole (Central American Indian Geez (Other)) USE Ethiopic UF Black Carib Gelaki Carib, Black USE Gilaki Garo Geleb Assigned collective code [sit] USE Dasenech (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Gemu Gascon (post-1500) USE Gamo (Ethiopia) Assigned collective code [oci] Gen-Gbe (Occitan (post 1500)) Assigned collective code [nic] Gaulish (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cel] UF Ge (Celtic (Other)) Mina (Benin and Togo) UF Gallic Gentoo Gaviao (Para, Brazil) USE Telugu Assigned collective code [sai] Georgian [geo] (South American Indian Also collective code for: (Other)) Ingilo Gaya Gere USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) USE Ngere Gayo [gay] German [ger] Gbagyi Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [nic] Alsatian German (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Cimbrian Gbandi German, Low Assigned collective code [nic] USE Low German (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) German, Middle High (ca. 1050-1500) UF Bandi [gmh] UF Middle High German

page 56 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

German, Old High (ca. 750-1050) [goh] Gio UF Old High German USE Dan (Cote d’Ivoire) German, Swiss Gipsy USE Swiss German USE Romani Germanic (Other) [gem] Giryama Collective code for: Assigned collective code [bnt] Danish, Old (to 1500) (Bantu (Other)) Dutch, Old (to 1050) Gisu Frisian, Old (to 1500) Assigned collective code [bnt] Lombard (Bantu (Other)) Old Saxon UF Lugisu Pennsylvania German Lumasaaba Swedish, Old (to 1550) Masaba Walser Gitonga Geviya USE Tonga (Inhambane) Assigned collective code [bnt] Giur (Bantu (Other)) USE Lwo (Sudan) UF Avias Glavda Eviya Assigned collective code [afa] Viya (Afroasiatic (Other)) Ghec-chi Glosa (Artificial language) USE Kekchi Assigned collective code [art] Giay (Artificial (Other)) USE Bouyei Goajiro Gidabal Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [aus] (South American Indian (Other)) (Australian languages) UF Guajira UF Kitabul Wayunaiki Gidja Wayuu USE Kitja Goba Gien USE Mbukushu USE Tchien Godye Gikuyu Assigned collective code [kro] USE Kikuyu (Kru (Other)) Gilaki Goemai Assigned collective code [ira] Assigned collective code [afa] (Iranian (Other)) (Afroasiatic (Other)) UF Gelaki UF Ankwe Gamai (Nigeria) Gilbertese [g«] UF Arorai Kemai I-Kiribati Gogodala Kiribatese Assigned collective code [paa] Gilyak (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [mis] Gojari (Miscellaneous languages) USE Gujuri UF Guiliak Goldi Nivkh USE Nanai Gimi Golin Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [paa] (Papuan (Other)) (Papuan (Other))

page 57 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Gomadj Greek, Attic USE Gumatj USE Attic Greek Gondi [gon] Greek, Biblical Gonja USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Assigned collective code [nic] Greek, Byzantine (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) UF Guang Greek, Classical Gooniyandi USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) USE Gunian Greek, East Cretan Gope USE East Cretan Greek Assigned collective code [paa] Greek, Hellenistic (Papuan (Other)) USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) UF Era River Greek, Medieval Kope USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Gorani Greek, Modern (1453-) [gre] Assigned collective code [ira] Also collective code for: (Iranian (Other)) East Cretan Greek UF Gurani Greek, Patristic Hawrami USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Gorkhali Greek (Koine) USE Nepali USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Gorontalo [gor] Greek Tatar Gothic [got] Assigned collective code [tut] Gourmantche (Altaic (Other)) USE Gurma UF Urum Gouro Green Hmong USE Kweni USE Hmong Nj ua Graged Green Miao USE Gedaged USE Hmong Njua Grebo [grb] Green Mong UF Gdebo USE Hmong Njua Gedebo Green River Krebo USE Abau Greek, Ancient (to 1453) [grc] Greenlandic UF Ancient Greek USE Kalatdlisut Biblical Greek Greenlandic, East Byzantine Greek USE Ammassalimiut Classical Greek Grosventres (Hidatsa) Greek, Biblical USE Hidatsa Greek, Byzantine Gua Greek, Classical Assigned collective code [nic] Greek, Hellenistic (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Greek, Medieval UF Gwa (Ghana) Greek, Patristic Guacanahua Greek (Koine) USE Ese Ejja Hellenistic Greek Guahibo Koine (Greek) Assigned collective code [sai] Medieval Greek (South American Indian Patristic Greek (Other)) Also collective code for: UF Wa-jibi Attic Greek

page 58 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Guaiaqui Guayaki USE Guayaki Assigned collective code [sai] Guajajara (South American Indian (Other)) USE Tenetehara UF Ache Guaiira Guaiaqui USE Goajiro Guayaki-Ache Guamaca Guoyagui USE Damana Guayaki-Ache Guambiano USE Guayaki USE Moguex Guayapi Guanano USE Wayampi Assigned collective code [sai] Guaymi (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] UF Anano (Central American Indian (Other)) Kotiria Gubbi-Gubbi Uanana Assigned collective code [aus] Wanana (Australian languages) Guang UF Kabi Kabi USE Gonja Gude Guarani [grn] Assigned collective code [afa] Also collective code for: (Afroasiatic (Other)) Chiriguano Gudwa (Dravidian) Chiripa USE Gadaba (Dravidian) Mbya Guere Guarauno USE Ngere USE Warao Guerze Guarayo USE Kpelle Assigned collective code [sai] Gugada (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Guarayo (Tacanan) (Australian languages) USE Ese Ejja UF Kukota Guarequena Gugu Yalanji USE Arekena USE Kuku-Yalanji Guarijio Guhu-Samane Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [paa] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) UF Huarijio UF Mid-Waria Warijio Guichola Guastec USE Huichol USE Huastec Guiliak Guatuso USE Gilyak Assigned collective code [cai] Gujarati [guj] (Central American Indian (Other)) Also collective code for: UF Maleku Jaika Saurashtri Guayabero Gujuri Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [raj] (South American Indian (Other)) (Rajasthani) UF Jiw UF Gojari Gula (Central African Republic and Sudan) USE Kara (Central African Republic and Sudan)

page 59 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Gula (Lake Iro, Chad) Gurma USE Kulaal Assigned collective code [nic] Gullah (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Sea Islands Creole UF Gourmantche Gulmance Gulmance USE Gurma Gurung Gumasi Assigned collective code [sit] Assigned collective code [map] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) Gusii Gumatj Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [aus] (Bantu (Other)) (Australian languages) UF Ekegusii UF Gomadj Kisii Kainyao Gutob (Dravidian) Komaits USE Gadaba (Dravidian) Kumait Guugu Yimithirr Gun-Gbe Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [nic] (Australian languages) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Guyuk UF Alada Assigned collective code [nic] Egun (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Gunantuna Gwa (Ghana) USE Tolai USE Gua Gungabula Gwahatike Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [paa] (Australian languages) (Papuan (Other)) UF Kongabula Gwamba Gunian USE Tsonga Assigned collective code [aus] Gwazum (Australian languages) USE Ngizim UF Gooniyandi Gwe (Tanzania) Gunwinggu USE Sukuma Assigned collective code [aus] Gwedena (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [paa] Gunzib (Papuan (Other)) USE Hunzib UF Umanakaina Guoyagui Gwere USE Guayaki Assigned collective code [bnt] Gupapuyngu (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Gwich’in [gwi] (Australian languages) UF Kutchin Gurage languages Loucheux Assigned collective code [sem] Takudh (Semitic (Other)) Tukudh Gurani Gworok USE Gorani USE Kagoro (Nigeria) Gurenne Gxon USE Nankanse USE !Xo Guresha Gypsy USE Buli USE Romani

page 60 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Ha Hanga (Ghana) Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [nic] (Bantu (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Habe UF Anga (Ghana) USE Dogon Hapotein Hadiya USE Yaruro Assigned collective code [cus] Harakmbet (Cushitic (Other)) USE Mashco Haeltzuk Harari USE Heiltsuk Assigned collective code [sem] Hagen (Semitic (Other)) USE Medlpa UF Adari Haida [hai] Ararge UF Skittagetan Harauti Haisla Assigned collective code [raj] Assigned collective code [wak] (Rajasthani) (Wakashan languages) Hare Haitian French Creole [hat] USE Kawchottine UF French Creole, Haitian Hariani Haka Chin USE Bangaru Assigned collective code [sit] Haroi (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [cmc] UF Baungshe (Chamic languages) Chin, Haka Hassaniyya Lai Assigned collective code [ara] Haketia (Arabic) Assigned collective code [lad] Hatigorria (Ladino) USE Ao Halbi Hattie Assigned collective code [inc] Assigned collective code [mis] (Indie (Other)) (Miscellaneous languages) UF Bastari Hausa [hau] Halia Havunese Assigned collective code [map] USE Sawu (Austronesian (Other)) Havyaka Halkomelem Assigned collective code [kan] USE Stalo (Kannada) Halopa Hawaiian [haw] Assigned collective code [paa] Hawaiian Pidgin English (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [epe] UF Botelkude (Creoles and Pidgins, Nobonob English-based (Other)) Nupanob Hawrami Ham USE Gorani Assigned collective code [map] Hawu (Austronesian (Other)) USE Sawu UF Dami Hamtiknon USE Kinaray-a

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 61 Name Sequence

Haya Highland Popoluca Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Sierra Popoluca (Bantu (Other)) Higi UF Luhaya USE Kamwe Lusiba Hiligaynon [hil] Ruhaya UF Ilongo Ziba Panayan Hdi Hill Kachari USE Hedi USE Dimasa Hebrew [heb] Himachali [him] UF Ancient Hebrew UF Pahari, Western Hebrew Tat Western Pahari USE Judeo-Tat Himba Hedi Assigned collective code [her] Assigned collective code [afa] (Herero) (Afroasiatic (Other)) UF Chimba UF Hdi Cimba Hegue Dhimba USE Eudeve Simba Hehe Tjimba Assigned collective code [bnt] Hinaraya (Bantu (Other)) USE Kinaray-a Heiltsuk Hindi [hin] Assigned collective code [wak] Also collective code for: (Wakashan languages) Khari Boli UF Haeltzuk Marari Helambu Sherpa Hindi, Fiji Assigned collective code [tib] USE Fiji Hindi (Tibetan) Hindko UF Hyolmo Assigned collective code [lah] Yohlmo (Lahnda) Hellenistic Greek Hindustani USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Assigned collective code [inc] Herero [her] (Indie (Other)) Also collective code for: Hindustani, Suriname Himba USE Suriname Hindustani Hiao Hiri Motu [hmo] USE Yao (Africa) UF Police Motu Hidatsa Hittite [hit] Assigned collective code [sio] Hixkaryana (Siouan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Grosventres (Hidatsa) (South American Indian Hieratic (Other)) USE Egyptian Hkun Hieroglyphics (Egyptian) USE Khun USE Egyptian Higaonon Assigned collective code [mno] (Manobo languages) High Sorbian USE Upper Sorbian

page 62 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Hmong [hmn] Hruso UF Humung USE Apatani Meo Hsi-hsia Miao USE Tangut Mong Hua-owani Also collective code for: USE !Xo Hmong Njua Hualapai White Hmong Assigned collective code [nai] Hmong, White (North American Indian (Other)) USE White Hmong UF Jaguallapai Hmong Daw Mataveke-paya USE White Hmong Walapai Hmong Leng Huambisa USE Hmong Njua Assigned collective code [sai] Hmong Njua (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [hmn] UF Ssimaku (Hmong) Wambisa UF Black Flowery Miao Huanca Blue Miao Assigned collective code [que] Green Hmong (Quechua) Green Miao UF Wanka Green Mong Huao Hmong Leng Assigned collective code [sai] Moob Ntsuab (South American Indian (Other)) Tak Meo UF Waorani Hmoob Dawb Huarayo (Tacanan) USE White Hmong USE Ese Ejja Ho Huarijio Assigned collective code [mun] USE Guarijio (Munda (Other)) Huastec Hnahnu Assigned collective code [myn] USE Otomi (Mayan languages) Hocak UF Guastec USE Winnebago Wastek Hopi Huave Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [cai] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Central American Indian (Other)) UF Moki Huichol Hote Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [map] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Guichola Hottentot Huitoto USE Khoikhoi USE Witoto Houailou Huitoto, Murui USE Ajie USE Murui Hova Huli USE Malagasy Assigned collective code [paa] Hre (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [mkh] Hulu (Mon-Khmer (Other)) USE Banjar Hulu UF Davak

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 63 Name Sequence

Huma (Sudan) Iatmul USE Toposa Assigned collective code [paa] Humung (Papuan (Other)) USE Hmong UF Big Sepik Hunde Ibaloi Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [phi] (Bantu (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) Hungarian [hun] UF Benguet Igorot UF Magyar Nabaloi Hunzib Iban [iba] Assigned collective code [cau] UF Sea Dyak (Caucasian (Other)) Ibanag UF Gunzib Assigned collective code [phi] Hupa [hup] (Philippine (Other)) Hupde Maku Ibani [ijo] USE Jupda Assigned collective code [ijo] Huron (Ijo) USE Wyandot UF Bonny Hurrian Ubani Assigned collective code [mis] Ibatan (Miscellaneous languages) USE Ivatan UF Mitani Iberian Subarian Assigned collective code [mis] Huzvaresh (Miscellaneous languages) USE Pahlavi Ibibio Hyolmo Assigned collective code [efi] USE Helambu Sherpa (Efik) Hypurina Ibo USE Ipurina USE Igbo I-Kiribati lea USE Gilbertese Assigned collective code [sai] Iai (Loyalty Islands) (South American Indian Assigned collective code [map] (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Arhuaco Iai (Papua New Guinea) Aruaco USE Purari Bintukua Iaka Ika (Chibchan) USE Yaka (Congo and Angola) Ike Iamalele Icelandic [ice] Assigned collective code [map] Icelandic, Old (to 1550) (Austronesian (Other)) USE Old Norse UF Yamalele Ida'an Iapygian Assigned collective code [map] USE Messapian (Austronesian (Other)) Iare Idja USE Purari USE Sigi late Ido [ido] USE Fulnio Ido (African) USE Ijo

page 64 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Idoma Ike Assigned collective code [nic] USE lea (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Ikeleve UF Oturkpo USE Kituba Iduna Ikinyi-Kiusa Assigned collective code [map] USE Ngonde (Austronesian (Other)) Ikposo Ifugao USE Kposo Assigned collective code [phi] Ikuhane (Philippine (Other)) USE Subiya Ifugao, Amganad Ikwere USE Amganad Ifugao Assigned collective code [nic] Ifugao, Ayangan (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Ayangan Ifugao UF Oratta-Ikwerri Ifugao, Batad Ila USE Batad Ifugao Assigned collective code [bnt] Ifugao, Eastern (Bantu (Other)) USE Eastern Ifugao Ilali Ifugao, Mayoyao USE Teke USE Mayoyao Ifugao Ilianen Manobo Igbira Assigned collective code [mno] USE Ebira (Manobo languages) Igbo [ibo] Iliaura UF Ibo USE Alyawarra Igede Illinois Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [alg] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Algonquian (Other)) Ignaciano Ilocano USE Mojo USE Iloko Igo Iloko [ilo] Assigned collective code [nic] UF Ilocano (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Ilongo UF Ahlon USE Hiligaynon Anlo Ilongot Ijo [ijo] Assigned collective code [phi] UF Djo (Philippine (Other)) Dzo Inabaknon Ejo USE Abaknon Ido (African) Inafosa Iyo USE Tauya Izo Inanwatan Izon Assigned collective code [paa] Ojo (Papuan (Other)) Oru UF Suabo Udzo Inari Sami [smn] Uzo UF Finnish Lapp Also collective code for: Lapp, Finnish Ibani Sami, Inari Nembe Inawonga Ika (Chibchan) USE Yinhawangka USE lea

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 65 Name Sequence

Inca Indus Kohistani USE Quechua Assigned collective code [inc] Incran (Indie (Other)) USE Ga UF Kohistani, Indus Indie, Old Maiya USE Vedic Indus script Indie (Other) [inc] Assigned collective code [mis] Collective code for: (Miscellaneous languages) Ahirani Inga Apabhramsa USE Ingano Avahattha Ingano Bagheli Assigned collective code [que] Bangaru (Quechua) Bashgali UF Inga Bhili Ingilo Bundeli Assigned collective code [geo] Chakma (Georgian) Chattisgarhi Ingrian Danuwar Rai Assigned collective code [flu] Dehawali (Finno-Ugrian (Other)) Fiji Hindi UF Izhorskii Garhwali Ingush [inh] Halbi Iniai Hindustani USE Bisorio Indus Kohistani Inmeas Khowar USE Isinay Kumauni Inner Makian Lambadi USE East Makian Mawchi Inoke Parya Assigned collective code [paa] Shina (Papuan (Other)) Suriname Hindustani UF Yate (Papua New Guinea) Veddah (Sinhalese) Inor Wotapuri-Katarqalai Assigned collective code [sem] Indo-European (Other) [ine] (Semitic (Other)) Collective code for: UF Ennemor Luwian INTAL (Artificial language) Messapian USE International auxiliari linguo Tokharian (Artificial language) Venetic Interlingua (International Auxiliary Indo-Portuguese Language Association) [ina] Assigned collective code [epp] Interlingue [ile] (Creoles and Pidgins, UF Occidental Portuguese-based (Other)) International auxiliari linguo (Artificial UF Ceylon Portuguese language) Indonesian [ind] Assigned collective code [art] UF Bahasa Indonesia (Artificial (Other)) UF INTAL (Artificial language)

page 66 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Inuit Irish, Middle (ca. 1100-1550) [mga] USE Inupiaq UF Middle Irish Inuktitut Irish, Old (to 1100) [sga] Kalatdlisut UF Old Irish Inuktitut [iku] Iroquoian (Other) [iro] UF Inuit Collective code for: Also collective code for: Cayuga Inuvialuktun Iroquois Kopagmiut Oneida Inupiaq [ipk] Onondaga UF Inuit Seneca Inuvialuktun Tuscarora Assigned collective code [iku] Wyandot (Inuktitut) Iroquois Ipurina Assigned collective code [iro] Assigned collective code [sai] (Iroquoian (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) Irumu UF Apurina Assigned collective code [paa] Hypurina (Papuan (Other)) Jupurina Isekiri Kangiitu USE Itsekiri Kankiti Isinay Iquito Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [sai] (Philippine (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Inmeas Irahutu Isirawa Assigned collective code [map] USE Saberi (Austronesian (Other)) isiXhosa Iranian (Other) [ira] USE Xhosa Collective code for: Isneg Bactrian Assigned collective code [phi] Bakhtiari (Philippine (Other)) Bartang UF Apayao Gilaki Italian [ita] Gorani Also collective code for: Judeo-Tat Judeo-Italian Khorezmi Milanese MazandaranI Modena Italian Parthian Romagnol Shughni Venetian Italian Talysh Italian, Modena Tat USE Modena Italian Wakhi Italian, Neapolitan Yazghulami USE Neapolitan Italian Iraqw Italian, Old (to 1300) Assigned collective code [cus] Assigned collective code [roa] (Cushitic (Other)) (Romance (Other)) Iraya UF Old Italian USE Mangyan Italian, Sicilian Irish [gle] USE Sicilian Italian UF Gaelic (Irish)

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 67 Name Sequence

Italian, Venetian Iyekhee USE Venetian Italian USE Etsako Itawis Iyo Assigned collective code [phi] USE Ijo (Philippine (Other)) Izere Itbayat Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [phi] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) UF Jarawa (Nigeria) Itelmes Izhorskii USE Kamchadal USE Ingrian Iteso Izi USE Teso Assigned collective code [nic] Itio (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Teke Izo Itonama USE Ijo Assigned collective code [sai] Izon (South American Indian USE Ijo (Other)) Jabem UF Machoto USE Yabim Itsekiri Jacalteca Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [myn] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Mayan languages) UF Isekiri UF Jakalteka Itucale Jacaru USE Urarina USE Cauqui M Jafijufa Assigned collective code [myn] USE Yabiyufa (Mayan languages) Jagane Ivatan USE Yahgan Assigned collective code [phi] Jagataic (Philippine (Other)) USE Chagatai UF Batan Jagga Ibatan USE Chaga Iwaidja Jaguallapai Assigned collective code [aus] USE Hualapai (Australian languages) Jah Hut UF Jiwadja Assigned collective code [mkh] Yiwadja (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Iwal UF Eastern Sakai USE Kaiwa (Papua New Guinea) Sakai, Eastern Iwam Jaipuri Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [raj] (Papuan (Other)) (Rajasthani) Ixcateco UF Dhundhari Assigned collective code [cai] Jakalteka (Central American Indian USE Jacalteca (Other)) Jakarta Malay Ixil USE Betawi Assigned collective code [myn] Jakut (Mayan languages) USE Yakut

page 68 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Jaloof Javanese, Old USE Wolof USE Kawi Jama Mapun Jeh Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [mkh] (Philippine (Other)) (Mon-Khmer (Other)) UF Cagayanon UF Die Mapun Yeh Pullon Mapun Jeji Sama Mapun USE Fon Jamaican Creole Jero Assigned collective code [cpe] Assigned collective code [sit] (Creoles and Pidgins, (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) English-based (Other)) Jibaro, Shuar Jamdena USE Shuar USE Yamdena Jibbali Jaminaua Assigned collective code [sem] Assigned collective code [sai] (Semitic (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) Jicaque UF Nishinahua Assigned collective code [cai] Yaminahua (Central American Indian (Other)) Jandjinung UF Tol USE Djinang Torrupan Janjero Xicaque USE Yemsa Jikai Japanese [jpn] USE Burarra Use for related Japanese languages and Jindjibandji dialects USE Yindjibamdi Jaqaru Jingpho USE Cauqui USE Kachin Jarai Jingulu Assigned collective code [cmc] USE Djingili (Chamic languages) Jino Jarawa (India) USE Chino Assigned collective code [mis] Jivaro, Achuara (Miscellaneous languages) USE Achuar Jarawa (Nigeria) Jivaro, Shuar USE Izere USE Shuar Jarawara Jiw USE Jaruara USE Guayabero Jaroo Jiwadja USE Djaru USE Iwaidja Jaruara Jju Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [nic] (South American Indian (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Jarawara UF Ju (Benue-Congo) Jatu Kaje USE Bangaru Jo Luo USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) Jaunde USE Ewondo Jo Lwo Javanese [jav] USE Lwo (Sudan)

page 69 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Jok Juna USE Chokwe USE Pamoa Joloano Jupda USE Sulu Assigned collective code [sai] Jolof (South American Indian USE Wolof (Other)) Jongor UF Hupde Maku Assigned collective code [afa] Macu de tucano (Affoasiatic (Other)) Jupurina UF Dionkor USE Ipurina Djongor Jur Ju (Benue-Congo) USE Lwo (Sudan) USE Jju Jurak Jualjai USE Nenets USE Yualyai Kaba (Central Sudanic) Judeo-Arabic [jrb] Assigned collective code [ssa] Judeo-German (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Yiddish Kabardian [kbd] Judeo-Italian [ita] UF Cabardan Assigned collective code [ita] Circassian, East (Italian) Circassian, Upper Judeo-Persian [jpr] East Circassian Also collective code for: Qabardian Judeo-Tajik Upper Circassian Judeo-Spanish Kabba Laka USE Ladino USE Gambai Judeo-Tajik Kabi Kabi Assigned collective code [jpr] USE Gubbi-Gubbi (Judeo-Persian) Kabiye Judeo-Tat Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [ira] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Iranian (Other)) UF Kabre UF Bik Kabye Dzhuhuric Kabre Hebrew Tat USE Kabiye Judesmo Kabui USE Ladino Assigned collective code [sit] Ju/’hoan (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [khi] Kabuli (Khoisan (Other)) USE Dari UF Zjuc'hoa Kabye !Xu (!Kung) USE Kabiye s/ Zu/'hoasi Kabyle [kab] Jukaghir Kacchiquel USE Yukaghir USE Cakchikel Jukun Kachari Assigned collective code [nic] USE Dimasa (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Kachari, Plains UF Kurorofa USE Bodo Jula USE Dyula

page 70 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Kachchhi Kaingang Assigned collective code [snd] Assigned collective code [sai] (Sindhi) (South American Indian (Other)) Kachin [kac] UF Caingang UF Chingpaw Taven Jingpho Kaingua Kadaklan Barlig Bontoc USE Caingua USE Southern Bontoc Kainyao Kadazan USE Gumatj USE Dusun Kaiwa (Brazil) Kadiweu USE Caingua USE Caduveo Kaiwa (Papua New Guinea) Kadumodi Assigned collective code [map] USE Krongo (Austronesian (Other)) Kae UF Iwal Assigned collective code [swa] Kaje (Swahili) USE Jju Kafe Kaka (Northwest Bantu) USE Kamano USE Kako Kafir Kakat USE Xhosa USE Baining Kagaba Kako Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [bnt] (South American Indian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) UF Cagaba UF Kaka (Northwest Bantu) Kagate Yaka (Cameroon and Central Assigned collective code [tib] African Republic) (Tibetan) Kala Lagaw Ya Kagayanen Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [mno] (Australian languages) (Manobo languages) UF Mabuiaq UF Cagayano Cillo Kalaallisut Kagoro (Mali) USE Kalatdlisut Assigned collective code [nic] Kalabra (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] Kagoro (Nigeria) (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] Kalagan, Tagakaolo (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Tagakaolo UF Gworok Kalam Kaidipang Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [map] (Papuan (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Karam Kaili Kalamian Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [phi] (Austronesian (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) UF Ledo' UF Calamian Palu Kalanga (Botswana and Zimbabwe) Kaimare Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Purari (Bantu (Other))

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 71 Name Sequence

Kalatdlisut [kal] Kamchadal UF Greenlandic Assigned collective code [mis] Inuit (Miscellaneous languages) Kalaallisut UF Itelmes Also collective code for: Kamentza Ammassalimiut USE Camsa Kalebwe (Luba-Lulua) Kamhau USE Luba-Lulua USE Tiddim Chin Kalenjin Kamhmu Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Khmu' (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Kami (Papua New Guinea) Kalinga, Lower Tanudan USE Yagaria USE Lower Tanudan Kalinga Kammyang Kalinga languages USE Northern Thai Assigned collective code [phi] Kamsa (Philippine (Other)) USE Camsa Kalispel Kamtuk Assigned collective code [sal] Assigned collective code [paa] (Salishan languages) (Papuan (Other)) UF Pend d'Oreille UF Kemtuik Kalkatungu Kamwe Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [afa] (Australian languages) (Afroasiatic (Other)) UF Galgadung UF Higi Kallawaya Kanakuru USE Callahuaya Assigned collective code [afa] Kalmyk (Afroasiatic (Other)) Assigned collective code [xal] UF Dera (Oirat) Kanala UF Calmuck USE Anesu Kaluli Kanamari (Tucanoan) Assigned collective code [paa] USE Canamari (Tucanoan) (Papuan (Other)) Kanarese Kam (China) USE Kannada USE Dong (China) Kanasi Kamano USE Sona (Papua New Guinea) Assigned collective code [paa] Kandawo (Papuan (Other)) USE Narak UF Kafe Kandh Kamasau USE Kui Assigned collective code [paa] Kandoshi (Papuan (Other)) USE Candoshi Kamba [kam] Kanela Kambata USE Canella Assigned collective code [cus] Kangri (Cushitic (Other)) Assigned collective code [doi] Kambera (Dogri) Assigned collective code [map] Kangiitii (Austronesian (Other)) USE Ipurina

page 72 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Kanite Kara (Central African Republic and Sudan) Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [ssa] (Papuan (Other)) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Kemiju Jate UF Fer Kanjaga Gula (Central African Republic and USE Buli Sudan) Kanjobal Yama Assigned collective code [myn] Yamegi (Mayan languages) Kara (Papua New Guinea) UF Conob Assigned collective code [map] Kanjobal, Western (Austronesian (Other)) USE Akatek Kara-Kalpak [kaa] Kankanay UF Karakalpak Assigned collective code [phi] Qaraqalpaq (Philippine (Other)) Kara-Kirghiz UF Cancanai USE Kyrgyz Lepanto-Igorot Karachay-Balkar [krc] Kankanay, Northern UF Balkar USE Northern Kankanay Karaim Kankiti Assigned collective code [tut] USE Ipurina (Altaic (Other)) Kannada [kan] Karaja UF Canarese USE Caraja Kanarese Karakalpak Also collective code for: USE Kara-Kalpak Havyaka Karakhanid Kanuri [kau] Assigned collective code [tut] UF Bomu (Altaic (Other)) Kanyak UF Khakani USE Konyak Qarakhanid Kaonde Karam Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Kalam (Bantu (Other)) Karamojong UF Luba-Kaonde Assigned collective code [ssa] Kapampangan (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Pampanga UF Akarimojong Kapauku Karan Assigned collective code [paa] USE Angas (Papuan (Other)) Karang (Cameroon) UF Ekagi Assigned collective code [nic] Kapikapi (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Mukawa Karang (Nigeria) Kapul USE Angas USE Abaknon Karanga Assigned collective code [sna] (Shona) Karapana (Tucanoan) USE Carapana (Tucanoan) Karawa (Australia) USE Garawa

page 73 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Karay-a Kashinawa USE Kinaray-a USE Cashinawa Karbi Kashmiri [kas] USE Mikir Kashubian [csb] Kare UF Cashubian Assigned collective code [bnt] Kaska (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [ath] UF Akare (Athapascan (Other)) Bakare Kassonke Kare (Sudan) Assigned collective code [nic] USE Toposa (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Karelian [krl] UF Khassonke UF Carelian Kasua Karen languages [kar] Assigned collective code [paa] Collective code for: (Papuan (Other)) Kayah Katanga Pwo Karen USE Luba-Katanga Sgaw Karen Katarqalai Taungthu USE Wotapuri-Katarqalai Karen, Red Katchokue USE Kayah USE Chokwe Karimui Kate USE Daribi Assigned collective code [paa] Kariri (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] Kati (South American Indian USE Bashgali (Other)) Katingan UF Cariri Assigned collective code [map] Kiriri (Austronesian (Other)) Karitiana Katio Assigned collective code [sai] USE Catio (South American Indian Kattang (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] UF Caritiana (Australian languages) Karo-Batak UF Kutthung Assigned collective code [btk] Katu (Batak) Assigned collective code [mkh] Karo-Rawa (Mon-Khmer (Other)) USE Rawa UF Attouat Karok Khat Assigned collective code [nai] Ta River Van Kieu (North American Indian Teu (Other)) Thap Kasem Kaulong Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [map] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Kasena Kaura (Papua New Guinea) Kasena USE Purari USE Kasem Kaus Kashgar-Yarkend USE Coos USE Uighur

page 74 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Kavirondo, Nilotic Kele (Gabon) USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) Assigned collective code [bnt] Kaw (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [sit] Kemai (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Goemai UF Akha Kemak Ekaw Assigned collective code [map] Kawaiisu (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] UF Ema (Central American Indian (Other)) Kemiju Jate Kawchottine USE Kanite Assigned collective code [ath] Kemtuik (Athapascan (Other)) USE Kamtuk UF Hare Kendari Peaux-de-Lievre USE Tolaki Kawesqar Kendayan USE Alacaluf USE Dayak Kawi [kaw] Kenga UF Javanese, Old Assigned collective code [ssa] Old Javanese (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Kawia (Shoshone) Kensiu USE Cahuilla USE Semang Kayah Kenuz Assigned collective code [kar] USE Dongola-Kenuz (Karen languages) Kera UF Karen, Red Assigned collective code [afa] Red Karen (Afroasiatic (Other)) Kayan (Borneo) Keres Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [nai] (Austronesian (Other)) (North American Indian (Other)) Kayapo Kerinci USE Cayapo Assigned collective code [map] Kayowe (Austronesian (Other)) USE Kiowa UF Kinchai Kayu Agung Korintje Assigned collective code [map] Ket (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [mis] Kazakh [kaz] (Miscellaneous languages) UF Kirghiz-Kaissak UF Yenisei-Ostiak Kebadi Kete USE Zaghawa Assigned collective code [bnt] Kechua (Bantu (Other)) USE Quechua Ketengban Kehelala Assigned collective code [paa] USE Tavara (Papua New Guinea) (Papuan (Other)) Kekchi UF Oktengban Assigned collective code [myn] Kewa (Mayan languages) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Cacchi (Papuan (Other)) Ghec-chi Khajuna Quekchi USE Burushaski

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 75 Name Sequence

Khakani Khoikhoi USE Karakhanid Assigned collective code [khi] Khakass (Khoisan (Other)) Assigned collective code [tut] UF Elottentot (Altaic (Other)) Khoisan (Other) [khi] UF Xakas Collective code for: Xaqas Ju/'hoan Khalaj Khoikhoi Assigned collective code [tut] Korana (Altaic (Other)) Nama Khaldian Nharo USE Urartian San languages Khaling !Xo Assigned collective code [sit] Khorasani (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Dari Khalkha Khorezmi Assigned collective code [mon] Assigned collective code [ira] (Mongolian) (Iranian (Other)) Khanty UF Choresmian Assigned collective code [fiu] Khwarezmian (Finno-Ugrian (Other)) Khorezmian Turkic UF Ostiak Assigned collective code [tut] Xanty (Altaic (Other)) Khari Boli UF Khwarezmian Turkic Assigned collective code [hin] Khotan-Saka (Flindi) USE Khotanese Kharia Khotanese [kho] Assigned collective code [mun] UF Khotan-Saka (Munda (Other)) Middle Khotanese Khas North Aryan USE Nepali Old Khotanese Khasi [kha] Saka Khassonke Khovvar USE Kassonke Assigned collective code [inc] Khat (Indie (Other)) USE Katu Khumi (Sudan) Khiamniungan USE Toposa Assigned collective code [sit] Khun (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [tai] Khmer [khm] (Tai (Other)) UF Cambodian UF Hkun Central Khmer Tai Khun Khmer, Northern Khwarezmian USE Northern Khmer USE Khorezmi Khmer, Old (Kui) Khwarezmian Turkic USE Kui (Mon-Khmer) USE Khorezmian Turkic KhimT Kiakh Assigned collective code [mkh] USE Adygei (Mon-Khmer (Other)) KiBembe UF Kamhmu USE Bembe (Congo (Brazzaville)) Phouteng

page 76 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Kibo Kinyarwanda [kin] USE Birom UF Nyaruanda Kibyen Ruanda USE Birom Runyarwanda Kiche Rwanda USE Quiche Kioko Kickapoo USE Chokwe Assigned collective code [alg] Kiowa (Algonquian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Kien (Central American Indian (Other)) USE Tchien UF Kayowe Kija Kiowa Apache USE Kitja Assigned collective code [ath] Kikuyu [kik] (Athapascan (Other)) UF Gikuyu Kipaia Kilari USE Purari USE Laadi Kipchak Kilivila Assigned collective code [tut] USE Kiriwinian (Altaic (Other)) Kiliwa UF Coman Assigned collective code [nai] Cuman (North American Indian (Other)) Falven UF Yukaliwa Kuman Kimbundu [kmb] Polovtsi UF Angola Walwen Bunda Kipende Mbundu (Luanda Province, USE Pende Angola) Kipsikis Nbundu Assigned collective code [ssa] Quimbundo (Luanda Province, (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Angola) Kiput Kimeru Assigned collective code [map] USE Meru (Austronesian (Other)) Kinaray-a Kira Assigned collective code [phi] USE Vagala (Philippine (Other)) Kirata Ral UF Antiqueno USE Bantawa Binukidnon Kirdiwat Hamtiknon USE Ngizim Hinaraya Kirghiz Karay-a USE Kyrgyz Kinchai Kirghiz-Kaissak USE Kerinci USE Kazakh Kingwana Kiribatese Assigned collective code [swa] USE Gilbertese (Swahili) Kiriri Kintaandu USE Kariri USE Ntaandu

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 77 Name Sequence

Kiriwinian Ko Assigned collective code [map] USE Yako (Austronesian (Other)) !Ko (Botswana and Namibia) UF Kilivila USE !Xo Trobriand Koaiker Kirku USE Cuaiquer USE Kurku Kobon Kirmanjki Assigned collective code [paa] USE Zaza (Papuan (Other)) Kirundi Kobroor USE Rundi USE Dobel Kiruri Kodagu USE Ruri Assigned collective code [dra] Kisantu (Dravidian (Other)) USE Ntaandu UF Coorg Kisi (West Africa) Kodava USE Kissi Kurg Kisii Kodava USE Gusii USE Kodagu Kissandaui Kofan USE Sandawe USE Cofan Kissi Kohistani, Indus Assigned collective code [nic] USE Indus Kohistani (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Kohl UF Kisi (West Africa) USE Mundari Kitabul Koho USE Gidabal Assigned collective code [mkh] Kitalinga (Mon-Khmer (Other)) USE Talinga-Bwisi Koiali, Mountain KiTembo USE Mountain Koiari USE Tembo (Sud-Kivu, Congo) Koine (Greek) Kitja USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Assigned collective code [aus] Kok Borok (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [sit] UF Gidja (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Kija UF Mrung Kitswa Tipura USE Tswa Tripuri Kituba Kokama Assigned collective code [crp] USE Cocama (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) Koko Jelandji UF Ikeleve USE Kuku-Yalanji Monokutuba Koko Ya'o Munukutuba USE Kuuku Ya'u Kiusa Kol (Papua New Guinea) USE Ngonde USE Narak Kjax Kolami USE Adygei Assigned collective code [dra] Klingon (Artificial language) [tlh] (Dravidian (Other)) Knistenaux Kololo USE Cree USE Lozi

page 78 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Koluschan Kongo [kon] USE Tlingit UF Congo Koluwawa Kikongo Assigned collective code [map] Also collective code for: (Austronesian (Other)) Laadi Kom (Cameroon) Ntaandu Assigned collective code [bnt] Zombo (Bantu (Other)) Konkani [kok] UF Nkom Konkomba Koma (Ghana) Assigned collective code [nic] USE Konni (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Komaits Konni USE Gumatj Assigned collective code [nic] Komba (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Koma (Ghana) (Papuan (Other)) Konomihu Kombe Assigned collective code [nai] Assigned collective code [bnt] (North American Indian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Konosarola Komi [kom] USE Vagala UF Syryenian Konyak Zyrian Assigned collective code [sit] Also collective code for: (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Komi-Permyak UF Kanyak Komi-Permyak Koon Assigned collective code [kom] USE !Xo (Komi) Kootenai [kut] UF Permiak UF Kutenai Komo (Congo) Koozime Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Bantu (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) UF Kumu Kopagmiut Komodo Assigned collective code [iku] Assigned collective code [map] (Inuktitut) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Chiglit Komuk Sight USE Comox Kope Komunku USE Gope Assigned collective code [paa] Kor (Papuan (Other)) USE Cua Konde (Nyakyusa) Korana USE Ngonde Assigned collective code [khi] Konde (Yao group) (Khoisan (Other)) USE Makonde Koranko Konekor Gadaba USE Kuranko USE Gadaba (Dravidian) Korape Kongabula Assigned collective code [paa] USE Gungabula (Papuan (Other)) Kongara UF Kwarafe Assigned collective code [paa] Okeina (Papuan (Other))

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 79 Name Sequence

Korava (Munda) Kposo USE Korwa Assigned collective code [nic] Korean [kor] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Use for related Korean languages and UF Akposo dialects Ikposo Koriki Krebo USE Purari USE Grebo Korintie Kreish USE Kerinci Assigned collective code [ssa] Korku (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Kurku Krio Koro Lafia Assigned collective code [cpe] USE Migili (Creoles and Pidgins, Koromfe English-based (Other)) USE Kurumba UF Aku (Creole) Korrawa Kriol USE Garawa Assigned collective code [cpe] Korwa (Creoles and Pidgins, Assigned collective code [mun] English-based (Other)) (Munda (Other)) Krongo UF Korava (Munda) Assigned collective code [nic] Koryak (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [mis] UF Kadumodi (Miscellaneous languages) Kurungu Kosena Kroumen Assigned collective code [paa] USE Tepo (Papuan (Other)) Kru Koso Assigned collective code [kro] USE Panamint (Kru (Other)) Kosrae Kru (Other) [kro] USE Kusaie Collective code for: Kota (India) Bete Assigned collective code [dra] Dida (Dravidian (Other)) Godye Kotiria Kru USE Guanano Ngere Kotokoli Nyabwa USE Tem Tchien Koulango Tepo USE Kulango Wobe Kouroumba Kuanua USE Kurumba USE Tolai Koyukon Kuanyama [kua] Assigned collective code [ath] UF Cuanhama (Athapascan (Other)) Kwanyama Kpelego Ovambo (Kuanyama) USE Kulango Kuay Kpelle [kpe] USE Kui (Mon-Khmer) UF Guerze Kubachi Assigned collective code [cau] (Caucasian (Other))

page 80 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Kubu Kumait Assigned collective code [map] USE Gumatj (Austronesian (Other)) Kuman Kuchean USE Kipchak USE Tokharian Kumauni Kui Assigned collective code [inc] Assigned collective code [dra] (Indie (Other)) (Dravidian (Other)) Kumu UF Kandh USE Komo (Congo) Kui (Mon-Khmer) Kumyk [kum] Assigned collective code [mkh] Kuna (Mon-Khmer (Other)) USE Cuna UF Khmer, Old (Kui) Kunama Kuay Assigned collective code [ssa] Kuy (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Old Khmer (Kui) UF Cunama Suai Kundu Suay USE Bakundu Kuitsh Kuni Assigned collective code [nai] Assigned collective code [map] (North American Indian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Lower Umpqua Kunimaipa Umpqua, Lower Assigned collective code [paa] Kuki (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sit] Kuo (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] Kukota (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Gugada Kurada Kuku-Yalanji Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [aus] (Austronesian (Other)) (Australian languages) UF Auhelawa UF Gugu Yalanji Cauhelawa Koko Jelandji Nuakata Kukuruku Kuranko USE Etsako Assigned collective code [nic] Kulaal (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [ssa] UF Koranko (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Kurdish [kur] UF Gula (Lake Iro, Chad) Kurg Kulaman USE Kodagu USE Sarangani Manobo Kurku Kulango Assigned collective code [mun] Assigned collective code [nic] (Munda (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Kirku UF Koulango Korku Kpelego Kurmali Nabe Assigned collective code [bih] Ngwala (Bihari) Nkurange UF Kurumali Zazere Kurobu USE Attie

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 81 Name Sequence

Kurorofa Kuuku Ya’u USE Jukun Assigned collective code [aus] Kurrawar (Australian languages) USE Garawa UF Koko Ya'o Kurukh [kru] Kuvi UF Kurux Assigned collective code [dra] Oraon (Dravidian (Other)) Uraon Kuy Kurumali USE Kui (Mon-Khmer) USE Kurmali Kuyonon Kurumba USE Cuyunon Assigned collective code [nic] Kwakiutl (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [wak] UF Deforo (Wakashan languages) Foulse Kwangali Fulse Assigned collective code [bnt] Koromfe (Bantu (Other)) Kouroumba Kwanja Kurumfe Assigned collective code [nic] Lilse (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Kurumfe Kwanyama USE Kurumba USE Kuanyama Kurungu Kwara’ae USE Krongo Assigned collective code [map] Kurux (Austronesian (Other)) USE Kurukh UF Fiu Kusaal Kwarafe Assigned collective code [nic] USE Korape (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Kweni UF Kusasi Assigned collective code [nic] Kusaie [kos] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Kosrae UF Gouro Kusasi Kwerba USE Kusaal Assigned collective code [paa] Kusunda (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sit] Kwese (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [bnt] Kutai (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Kwezo (Austronesian (Other)) Kwezo UF Tenggarong USE Kwese Kutchin Kwiri USE Gwich’in Assigned collective code [bnt] Kutenai (Bantu (Other)) USE Kootenai UF Mokpwe Kutthung Kwokwoos USE Kattang USE Coos Kuu Kwoma USE Fe'fe' USE Washkuk

page 82 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Kyrgyz [kir] Lakota UF Kara-Kirghiz Assigned collective code [dak] Kirghiz (Dakota) La-oop UF Teton USE Lawa (Thailand) Lala Laadi Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [kon] (Bantu (Other)) (Kongo) Lali UF Kilari USE Teke Lacandon Lallans Assigned collective code [myn] USE Scots (Mayan languages) Lalok Ladakhi USE Bom Assigned collective code [sit] Lamba (Zambia and Congo) [lam] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Lambadi Ladin Assigned collective code [inc] Assigned collective code [roa] (Indie (Other)) (Romance (Other)) UF Banjara Ladino [lad] Lambau UF Judeo-Spanish Assigned collective code [paa] Judesmo (Papuan (Other)) Also collective code for: Lampong Haketia USE Lampung Lagubi Lampung USE Mambila Assigned collective code [map] Lahnda [lah] (Austronesian (Other)) UF Panjabi, Western UF Api Western Panjabi Lampong Also collective code for: Lamut Hindko USE Even Pothwan Land Dayak Siraiki USE Dayak SiraikJ HindkJ Landim Siraiki SindhI USE Ronga Lahnda, Southern Landogo USE Siraiki USE Loko Lahu Landsmaal Assigned collective code [sit] USE Norwegian (Nynorsk) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Lango (Uganda) UF Muhso Assigned collective code [ssa] Lai (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Haka Chin Langue des signes quebecoise Laizo (Burma) USE Quebec Sign Language Assigned collective code [sit] Langue d'oc (post-1500) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Occitan (post-1500) Lak Lanna Thai Assigned collective code [cau] USE Northern Thai (Caucasian (Other)) Lao [lao] Lakalai Lao, Western USE Nakanai USE Northern Thai

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 83 Name Sequence

Lapp Ledo' USE Sami USE Kaili Lapp, Finnish Leearrawa USE Inari Sami USE Garawa Lapp, Russian Lefana USE Skolt Sami Assigned collective code [nic] Lapp, Swedish (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Lule Sami UF Bouem Lapuyan Subanen Buem USE Southern Subanen Bwem Latgalian Lega Assigned collective code [lav] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Latvian) (Bantu (Other)) Latin [lat] Lele (Burkina Faso) UF Latin, Vulgar USE Lyele Vulgar Latin Lelet Latin, Vulgar USE Mandak USE Latin Lembak Bilide Latuka Assigned collective code [map] USE Lotuko (Austronesian (Other)) Latvian [lav] Lenakel UF Lettish Assigned collective code [map] Also collective code for: (Austronesian (Other)) Latgalian Lenape Lau USE Delaware Assigned collective code [map] Lenca (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Lava (Central American Indian USE Lawa (Thailand) (Other)) Laven Lendu Assigned collective code [mkh] Assigned collective code [ssa] (Mon-Khmer (Other)) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Loven Lendu, Southern Lavongai USE Ngiti Assigned collective code [map] Lenge (Austronesian (Other)) USE Chopi UF Dang (Papua New Guinea) Lengua New Hanover Assigned collective code [sai] Tungak (South American Indian Lavua (Other)) USE Lawa (Thailand) Lenje Lawa (Thailand) Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [mkh] (Bantu (Other)) (Mon-Khmer (Other)) UF Bwine-Mukuni UF La-oop Ci-Renje Lava Lenni Lenape Lavua USE Delaware Luwa Lepanto-Igorot Lebou USE Kankanay Assigned collective code [wol] (Wolof)

page 84 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Lepcha Lingala [lin] Assigned collective code [sit] UF Bangala (Congo) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Mangala (Congo) UF Rong Ngala (Congo) Lese Lisu Assigned collective code [ssa] Assigned collective code [sit] (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Lettish UF Yawyin USE Latvian Lithuanian [lit] Letuana Livonian USE Tanimuca-Retuama Assigned collective code [fiu] Letzeburgesch (Finno-Ugrian (Other)) USE Luxembourgish Llaruro Leytean USE Yaruro USE Waray Llimbumi Lezgian [lez] USE Limbum Lifii Lobi USE Dehu Assigned collective code [nic] Ligbi (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] Logbara (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Lugbara Lillooet Loghon Assigned collective code [sal] USE Lorhon (Salishan languages) Loglan (Artificial language) Lilse Assigned collective code [art] USE Kurumba (Artificial (Other)) Limba Logooli Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Limbu UF Ragoli Assigned collective code [sit] Lojban (Artificial language) [jbo] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Lokep Limbum USE Arop-Lokep Assigned collective code [nic] Lokewe (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Arop-Lokep UF Llimbumi Loko Ndzungle Assigned collective code [nic] Njungene (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Nsugni UF Landogo Wimbum Loko (Arawakan) Zungle USE Arawak Limburgish [lim] Lokono Linda USE Arawak Assigned collective code [bad] Lolo (China) (Banda languages) USE Yi Lindrou Lolo (Congo) Assigned collective code [map] USE Mongo-Nkundu (Austronesian (Other))

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 85 Name Sequence

Loma Low German, Old (ca. 850-1050) Assigned collective code [nic] USE Old Saxon (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Lower Circassian UF Barn USE Adygei Buzi Lower Sorbian [dsb] Lorma UF Sorbian, Lower Lombard Lower Tanudan Kalinga Assigned collective code [gem] Assigned collective code [phi] (Germanic (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) Lomongo UF Kalinga, Lower Tanudan USE Mongo-Nkundu Tanudan Kalinga, Lower Lomwe (Malawi) Lower Umpqua Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Kuitsh (Bantu (Other)) Lowland Scots Longuda USE Scots Assigned collective code [nic] Lozi [loz] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Kololo UF Nunguda Rozi Lonkundu Sikololo USE Mongo-Nkundu Lii Lopa Assigned collective code [tai] Assigned collective code [sit] (Tai (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) UF Lue Lorenzo Pai-i USE Amuesha Tai Lii Lorhon Luaan Assigned collective code [nic] USE Bajau (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Luba, Southern UF Loghon USE Sanga Lorma Luba, Western USE Loma USE Luba-Lulua Lotuko Luba-Kaonde Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Kaonde (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Luba-Kasai UF Latuka USE Luba-Lulua Loucheux Luba-Katanga [lub] USE Gwich'in UF Chiluba Louisiana Acadian Katanga USE Cajun French Luba-Lulua [lua] Louisiana French UF Ciluba USE Cajun French Kalebwe (Luba-Lulua) Louisiana French Creole Luba, Western Assigned collective code [cpf| Luba-Kasai (Creoles and Pidgins, Western Luba French-based (Other)) Lubukusu UF French Creole, Louisiana USE Bukusu Loven Lucazi USE Laven Assigned collective code [bnt] Low German [nds] (Bantu (Other)) UF German, Low UF Ponda Plattdeutsch

page 86 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Ludic Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) [luo] Assigned collective code [flu] UF Dho Luo (Finno-Ugrian (Other)) Gaya UF Lydi Jo Luo Lue Kavirondo, Nilotic USE Lii Nife Luganda Nilotic Kavirondo USE Ganda Nyife Lugbara Wagaya Assigned collective code [ssa] Luo (Sudan) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Lwo (Sudan) UF Logbara Lur Lugisu USE Alur USE Gisu Lushai [lus] Luhaya UF Dulien USE Haya Mizo Luiseno [lui] Sailau Luko Lusiba USE Yako USE Haya Lule Luvale Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [bnt] (South American Indian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Lule Sami [smj] Luwa UF Lapp, Swedish USE Lawa (Thailand) Sami, Lule Luwian Swedish Lapp Assigned collective code [ine] Lumasaaba (Indo-European (Other)) USE Gisu Luwunda Lunambe USE Ruund Assigned collective code [paa] Luxembourgish [ltz] (Papuan (Other)) UF Letzeburgesch Lunda [lun] Luyana Lunda, Northern Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Ruund (Bantu (Other)) Lungming Luyia Assigned collective code [tai] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Tai (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Lunyaneka UF Oluluyia USE Nyaneka Lwo Lunyankole USE Acoli USE Nyankole Lwo (Sudan) Lunyoro Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Nyoro (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Dhe Lwo Dyur Giur Jo Lwo Jur Luo (Sudan) Lydi USE Ludic

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 87 Name Sequence

Lyele Macusi Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [sai] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (South American Indian UF Lele (Burkina Faso) (Other)) Maale UF Makushi USE Male (Ethiopia) Mada (Cameroon) Maban Assigned collective code [afa] Assigned collective code [ssa] (Afroasiatic (Other)) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Madagascan UF Meban USE Malagasy Mabuiaq Madurese [mad] USE Kala Lagaw Ya Mafa Maca Assigned collective code [afa] Assigned collective code [sai] (Afroasiatic (Other)) (South American Indian UF Matakam (Other)) Natakan UF Maka (Paraguay) Mafor Macassarese USE Numfor USE Makasar Maga Macedo-Romanian USE Tumak USE Aromanian Magadhi Prakrit Macedonian [mac] Assigned collective code [pra] Machacali (Prakrit languages) USE Masacali Magahi [mag] Machicui Magar USE Mascoi Assigned collective code [sit] Machiguenga (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] Maghi (South American Indian USE Arakanese (Other)) Magindanao Machoto Assigned collective code [phi] USE Itonama (Philippine (Other)) Maclatzinca UF Moro USE Ocuiltec Magong Macu de cubeo USE !Xo USE Cacua Magyar Macu de desano USE Hungarian USE Cacua Mahaga Macu de guanano USE Bugotu USE Cacua Mahas-Fiyadikka Macu de tucano Assigned collective code [nub] USE Jupda (Nubian languages) Macuna UF Fadicca Assigned collective code [sai] Fiadidja (South American Indian Fiyadikka (Other)) Nobiin UF Buhagana Mahican Assigned collective code [alg] (Algonquian (Other)) Mahorais USE Shimaore

page 88 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Mahri Makonde Assigned collective code [sem] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Semitic (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) UF Mehri UF Chimakonde Mai Brat Konde (Yao group) Assigned collective code [paa] Makua (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [bnt] UF Mey Brat (Bantu (Other)) Mai Huna Makushi USE Orejon USE Macusi Maidu Malabar Assigned collective code [nai] USE Malayalam (North American Indian (Other)) Malagasy [mlg] UF Pujunan UF Hova Maipua Madagascan USE Purari Malgache Maithili [mai] Merina UF Tirhutia Also collective code for: Maiya Bara (Madagascar) USE Indus Kohistani Betsileo Majingai Masikoro Assigned collective code [ssa] Sakaiava (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Tsimihety UF Midjinngay Malay [may] Moggingain Also collective code for: Sara-Majingai Palembang Malay Majingai-Ngama Malay, Ambonese USE Sara USE Ambonese Malay Majorcan Catalan Malay, Jakarta Assigned collective code [cat] USE Betawi (Catalan) Malayalam [mal] UF Catalan, Majorcan UF Malabar Maka (Cameroon) Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [bnt] Moplah (Bantu (Other)) Malayo UF Mekaa USE Damana Maka (Paraguay) Malayo-Polynesian (Other) USE Maca USE Austronesian (Other) Makakat Maldivian USE Baining USE Divehi Makarub Male (Ethiopia) USE Daribi Assigned collective code [afa] Makasar [mak] (Afroasiatic (Other)) UF Macassarese UF Maale Makian, East Malecite USE East Makian USE Passamaquoddy Makian, Inner Maleku Jaika USE East Makian USE Guatuso Makian, West Malgache USE West Makian USE Malagasy

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 89 Name Sequence

Malinka Manape USE Mandingo USE Gapapaiwa Maltese [mlt] Manche Malto USE Mopan Assigned collective code [dra] Manchu [mnc] (Dravidian (Other)) Mandailing Malu (Papua New Guinea) Assigned collective code [btk] USE Ramoaaina (Batak) Malvi UF Batak Mandailing Assigned collective code [raj] Mandak (Rajasthani) Assigned collective code [map] Mam (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [myn] UF Lelet (Mayan languages) Mandan UF Zaklohpakap Assigned collective code [sio] Mamainde (Siouan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] Mandar [mdr] (South American Indian UF Andian (Other)) Mandara UF Tamainde USE Wandala Mamanwa Mandarin Assigned collective code [phi] USE Chinese (Philippine (Other)) Mandaya Mamara USE Dibabawon Assigned collective code [nic] Mandean (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [sem] UF Bamana (Senufo) (Semitic (Other)) Mianka Mandeka Minianka USE Mandingo Minyanka Mandingo [man] Mambila UF Malinka Assigned collective code [nic] Mandeka (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Maninka UF Lagubi Meninka Nor Mandjak Tagbo Assigned collective code [nic] Torbi (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mambukush Mandjildjara USE Mbukushu Assigned collective code [aus] Mampruli (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [nic] UF Mantjiltjara (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mangala (Congo) Managalasi USE Lingala Assigned collective code [paa] Mangap (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Manam (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Mangarayi (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Manambu (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Manggarai (Australia) (Papuan (Other)) Mungerry

page 90 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Mangbetu Manobo languages (Continued) Assigned collective code [ssa] MatigSalug (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Sarangani Manobo UF Monbuttu Western Bukidnon Manobo Manggarai (Australia) Mansaka USE Mangarayi Assigned collective code [phi] Manggarai (Indonesia) (Philippine (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Mansi (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [fiu] Mangseng (Finno-Ugrian (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Vogul (Austronesian (Other)) Mantjiltjara Mangue USE Mandjildjara Assigned collective code [cai] Manuvu (Central American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [mno] UF Choluteca (Manobo languages) Mangyan UF Bagobo, Upper Assigned collective code [phi] Upper Bagobo (Philippine (Other)) Manx [glv] UF Iraya Maori [mao] Manihiki Rarotongan Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [rar] South Island Maori (Rarotongan) Maori, Cook Islands UF Rarotongan, Manihiki USE Rarotongan Maninka Maori, South Island USE Mandingo USE South Island Maori Manipuri [mni] Maprik UF Meithei USE Abulas Mankanya Mapuche [arn] Assigned collective code [nic] UF Araucanian (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mapudungun UF Bola (Portuguese Guinea) Mapudungun Brame USE Mapuche Bulama Mapun Mankon USE Jama Mapun Assigned collective code [nic] Maqaqet (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Baining Mano Maquiritare Assigned collective code [nic] USE Yecuana (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Maracasero Manobo languages [mno] USE Damana Collective code for: Maragua Agusan Manobo USE Maue Ata Manobo Maranao Binukid Manobo Assigned collective code [phi] Cotabato Manobo (Philippine (Other)) Dibabawon UF Moro Higaonon Maranunggu Ilianen Manobo Assigned collective code [aus] Kagayanen (Australian languages) Manuvu

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 91 Name Sequence Marari Mascoi Assigned collective code [hin] Assigned collective code [sai] (Hindi) (South American Indian Marathi [mar] (Other)) Margosatubig Subanun UF Emok USE Southern Subanen Machicui Mari [chm] Toba-Emok UF Cheremissian Mashakali Marille USE Masacali USE Dasenech Mashco Marinahua Assigned collective code [sai] USE Sharanahua (South American Indian Marquesan (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Amarakaeri (Austronesian (Other)) Harakmbet Marshallese [mah] Mashi UF Ebon USE Shi Martu Wangka Mashona Assigned collective code [aus] USE Shona (Australian languages) Masikoro Marwari [mwr] Assigned collective code [mlg] Also collective code for: (Malagasy) Dingal Maskegon Mewari USE Cree Masa Maskoki USE Musgu USE Creek Masa (Chadic) Massa Assigned collective code [afa] USE Masa (Chadic) (Afroasiatic (Other)) Massachuset UF MasanaMassaWalai Assigned collective code [alg] Banaa (Algonquian (Other)) Banana (Masa) UF Natick Masana Niantic Massa Nonantum Walai Mataco Masaba Assigned collective code [sai] USE Gisu (South American Indian Masacali (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] Matagalpa (South American Indian Assigned collective code [cai] (Other)) (Central American Indian UF Machacali (Other)) Mashakali UF Cacaopera Maxakali Matakam Masai [mas] USE Mafa Masana Matapi USE Masa (Chadic) USE Yucuna Masbateno Mataveke-paya Assigned collective code [phi] USE Hualapai (Philippine (Other)) UF Minasbate

page 92 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence MatigSalug Mayan languages (Continued) Assigned collective code [mno] Maya (Manobo languages) Mocho Matlatzinca Mopan Assigned collective code [oto] Pokomam (Otomian languages) Pokonchi UF Pirinda Quiche Matses Tectiteco USE Mayoruna Tojolabal Maue Tzeltal Assigned collective code [sai) Tzotzil (South American Indian (Other)) Tzutuhil UF Andira Uspanteca Arapium Mayo (New Guinea) Maragua USE Yessan-Mayo Satere Mayo (Piman) Mauritian French Creole Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [cpf] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Creoles and Pidgins, Mayogo French-based (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] UF French Creole, Mauritian (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mauritian Sign Language Mayoruna Assigned collective code [sgn] Assigned collective code [sai] (Sign languages) (South American Indian (Other)) Mawchi UF Matses Assigned collective code [inc] Mayoyao Ifugao (Indie (Other)) Assigned collective code [phi] Maxakali (Philippine (Other)) USE Masacali UF Ifugao, Mayoyao Maya Mazahua Assigned collective code [myn] Assigned collective code [oto] (Mayan languages) (Otomian languages) UF Yucatecan MazandaranT Mayan languages [myn] Assigned collective code [ira] Collective code for: (Iranian (Other)) Achi Mazateco Akatek Assigned collective code [cai] Awakateko (Central American Indian (Other)) Cakchikel Mbai (Moissala) Choi Assigned collective code [ssa] Chontal of Tabasco (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Chorti UF Moissala Mbai Chuj Sara Mbai (Moissala) Huastec Mbala (Bandundu, Congo) Itza Assigned collective code [bnt] Ixil (Bantu (Other)) Jacalteca Mbam Kanjobal USE Mbum Kekchi Mbembe Lacandon USE Bembe (Congo (Brazzaville)) Mam

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 93 Name Sequence

Mbili Meithei Assigned collective code [nic] USE Manipuri (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mekaa Mbo (Cameroon) USE Maka (Cameroon) Assigned collective code [bnt] Mekeo (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Mbogedo (Austronesian (Other)) USE Diriku Mekusuky Mbomitaba USE Mikasuki USE Bomitaba Mele-Fila Mbosi Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Austronesian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) UF Fila Mbukushu Melebuganon Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [phi] (Bantu (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) UF Goba UF Milebuganon Mambukush Molbog Mpukush Menangkabau Thimbukushu USE Minangkabau Mbum Mende [men] Assigned collective code [nic] Meninka (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Mandingo UF Mb am Menominee Mbunda (Angola and Zambia) Assigned collective code [alg] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Algonquian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Mentawai Mbundu (Benguela Province, Angola) Assigned collective code [map] USE Umbundu (Austronesian (Other)) Mbundu (Luanda Province, Angola) Meo USE Kimbundu USE Hmong Mbya Mereo Assigned collective code [grn] USE Emerillon (Guarani) Merida Meax USE Zaghawa Assigned collective code [paa] Merina (Papuan (Other)) USE Malagasy Meban Meru USE Maban Assigned collective code [bnt] Mech (Bantu (Other)) USE Bodo UF Kimeru Medieval Greek Mescalero USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Assigned collective code [apa] Medlpa (Apache languages) Assigned collective code [paa] Messapian (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [ine] UF Hagen (Indo-European (Other)) Moglei UF Iapygian Mehri Mevadi USE Mahri USE Mewari

page 94 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Mewa Middle French USE Mewari USE French, Middle (ca. 1300-1600) Mewan Middle High German USE Mi wok languages USE German, Middle High (ca. Mewari 1050-1500) Assigned collective code [mwr] Middle Irish (Marwari) USE Irish, Middle (ca. 1100-1550) UF Mevadi Middle Khotanese Mewa USE Khotanese Mexican Middle Persian (Pahlavi) USE Nahuatl USE Pahlavi Mey Brat Middle Welsh (ca. 1100-1400) USE Mai Brat USE Welsh, Middle (ca. 1100-1400) Mi Gangam Midjinngay Assigned collective code [nic] USE Majingai (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Midob UF Dye Assigned collective code [nub] Gangam (Nubian languages) Ngangan Mien Miami (Ind. and Okla.) USE Yao (Southeast Asia) Assigned collective code [alg] Migili (Algonquian (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] Miami (Papua New Guinea) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Tani UF Koro Lafia Miani Mijikenda languages USE Tani Assigned collective code [bnt] Mianka (Bantu (Other)) USE Mamara UF Nika languages Mianmin Nyika languages Assigned collective code [paa] Miju (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sit] Miao (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Hmong Mikaru Miao, White USE Daribi USE White Hmong Mikasuki Michif Assigned collective code [nai] Assigned collective code [cpf] (North American Indian (Other)) (Creoles and Pidgins, French-based UF Mekusuky (Other)) Mikir UF Cree, French Assigned collective code [sit] French Cree (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Mitchif UF Karbi Michoacana Milanese USE Tarascan Assigned collective code [ita] Micmac [mic] (Italian) Mid-Waria Milebuganon USE Guhu-Samane USE Melebuganon Middle Dutch Min-chia USE Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350) USE Bai (China) Middle English Mina (Benin and Togo) USE English, Middle (1100-1500) USE Gen-Gbe

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 95 Name Sequence

Mina (Indonesia) Miskito USE Muna Assigned collective code [cai] Minangkabau [min] (Central American Indian UF Menangkabau (Other)) Minasbate UF Mosquito USE Masbateno Mitaba Mingrelian USE Bomitaba Assigned collective code [cau] Mitani (Caucasian (Other)) USE Hurrian Minianka Mitchif USE Mamara USE Michif Minsi Mitsogo USE Munsee USE Tsogo Miny Mituku USE Dehu Assigned collective code [bnt] Minyanka (Bantu (Other)) USE Mamara Miwok, Northern Sierra Minyung USE Northern Sierra Miwok USE Bandjalang Miwok languages Mirandese [mwl] Assigned collective code [nai] Miri (North American Indian USE Abor (Other)) Miscellaneous languages [mis] UF Mewan Collective code for: Moquelumnan Andamanese Mixe Burushaski Assigned collective code [cai] Calo (Romani) (Central American Indian Chukchi (Other)) Etruscan UF Ayook Gilyak Mixtec Hattie Assigned collective code [cai] Hurrian (Central American Indian Iberian (Other)) Indus script Miya Jarawa (India) Assigned collective code [afa] Kamchadal (Afroasiatic (Other)) Ket Mizo Koryak USE Lushai Nancowry Mkaa’ Nenets Assigned collective code [bnt] Nganasan (Bantu (Other)) Nicobarese UF Bakaka Palan Mmfo Shelta USE Mo (Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana) Yugh Mnong, Eastern Yukaghir USE Eastern Mnong Mishmi Assigned collective code [sit] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Mising USE Abor

page 96 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Mo (Cote d’Ivoire and Ghana) Mojo Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [sai] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Burn (Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana) UF Ignaciano Deg Moxo Mmfo Mojung Moba USE Chang Assigned collective code [nic] Moki (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Hopi Mochda (Tucanoan) Mokilese USE Carapana (Tucanoan) Assigned collective code [map] Mochica (Austronesian (Other)) USE Yunca Moklum Mocho Assigned collective code [sit] Assigned collective code [myn] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) (Mayan languages) Mokpwe UF Motozintlec USE Kwiri Modena Italian Moksha [mdf] Assigned collective code [ita] Molbog (Italian) USE Melebuganon UF Italian, Modena Moldavian [mol] Mofu, Southern Mole USE Southern Mofu USE Moore Mofu-Gudur Mombe USE Southern Mofu USE Ngonde Moggingain Mon USE Majingai Assigned collective code [mkh] Moghol (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Assigned collective code [tut] UF Peguan (Altaic (Other)) Talaing UF Mogol Mon-Khmer (Other) [mkh] Moglei Collective code for: USE Medlpa Bahnar Mogol Blang USE Moghol Chrau Moguex Cua Assigned collective code [sai] Eastern Mnong (South American Indian (Other)) Hie UF Cuambia Jah Hut Guambiano Jeh Mohawk [moh] Katu Mohegan Khmu' Assigned collective code [alg] Koho (Algonquian (Other)) Kui (Mon-Khmer) UF Pequot Laven Mohongia Lawa (Thailand) USE Nocte Mon Moissala Mbai Muong USE Mbai (Moissala) Northern Khmer Nyah Kur Pacoh

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 97 Name Sequence Mon-Khmer (Other) (Continued) Moob Ntsuab Rengao USE Hmong Njua Sedang Moore [mos] Semai UF Mole Semang More Senoic languages Moshi Sre Mossi Stieng Also collective code for: Temiar Yana (Burkina Faso and Togo) Wa Moorish (India) Monbuttu USE Urdu USE Mangbetu Mopan Mong Assigned collective code [myn] USE Hmong (Mayan languages) Mongo UF Manche USE Mongo-Nkundu Moplah Mongo-Nkundu [lol] Assigned collective code [mal] UF Lolo (Congo) (Malayalam) Lomongo Moquelumnan Lonkundu USE Miwok languages Mongo Morato Nkundu USE Candoshi Mongol Mordva USE Mongolian USE Mordvin Mongolian Mordvin UF Mongol Assigned collective code [fiu] Also collective code for: (Finno-Ugrian (Other)) Chahar UF Mordva Khalkha Mordvinian Ordos Mordvinian Mongolian, Northern USE Mordvin USE Buriat More Mongour USE Moore Assigned collective code [tut] Mori (Altaic (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Tu (Austronesian (Other)) Mongsen UF Aikoa USE Ao Moro Monokutuba USE Magindanao USE Kituba Maranao Monpa Sulu Assigned collective code [sit] Moro (South America) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] Montagnais (South American Indian Assigned collective code [alg] (Other)) (Algonquian (Other)) UF Ayore Montagnais (Athapascan) Ayoweo USE Chipewyan Mortlock Monumbo Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [paa] (Austronesian (Other)) (Papuan (Other))

page 98 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Morn Mpongwe Assigned collective code [ssa] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Morvan French UF Pongwe Assigned collective code [fre] Mpukush (French) USE Mbukushu UF French, Morvan Mpur (Congo) Moseten Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [sai] (Bantu (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) Mpur (Indonesia) Moshi Assigned collective code [paa] USE Moore (Papuan (Other)) Moso UF Amberbaken USE Naxi Mrung Mosquito USE Kok Borok USE Miskito Muana Mossi Assigned collective code [nic] USE Moore (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Motilon Muatiamvua Assigned collective code [sai] USE Ruund (South American Indian (Other)) Mugil UF Bari (Venezuela) Assigned collective code [paa] Yupe (Papuan (Other)) Motozintlec UF Bargam USE Mocho Saker Motu Muhso Assigned collective code [map] USE Lahu (Austronesian (Other)) Muinane Motumotu Assigned collective code [sai] USE Toaripi (South American Indian (Other)) Motuna Mukawa USE Siwai Assigned collective code [map] Mouk (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Kapikapi (Austronesian (Other)) Multani Moundang USE Siraiki USE Mundang Multiple languages [mul] Mountain Arapesh Mumuye Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [nic] (Papuan (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Arapesh, Mountain Mun Chin Bukiyup Assigned collective code [sit] Mountain Koiari (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Chinbok (Papuan (Other)) Muna UF Koiali, Mountain Assigned collective code [map] Moxo (Austronesian (Other)) USE Mojo UF Mina (Indonesia) Mozabite Wuna USE Mzab

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 99 Name Sequence

Munda (Other) [mun] Murle Collective code for: Assigned collective code [ssa] Asuri (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Bhumij UF Beir Ho Murmi Kharia USE Tamang Korwa Murrinhpatha Kurku Assigned collective code [aus] Mundari (Australian languages) Nihali Murui Sora Assigned collective code [sai] Mundang (South American Indian Assigned collective code [nic] (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Huitoto, Murui UF Moundang Musa, Upper Mundari USE Aneme Wake Assigned collective code [mun] Muscogee (Munda (Other)) USE Creek UF Kohl Musgu Mundu (Philippines) Assigned collective code [afa] USE Sulod (Afroasiatic (Other)) Munduruku UF Masa Assigned collective code [sai] Mutsun (South American Indian Assigned collective code [nai] (Other)) (North American Indian Mungaka (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] Myang (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Northern Thai UF Bali (Cameroon) Mzab Ngaaka Assigned collective code [ber] Mungerry (Berber (Other)) USE Mangarayi UF Mozabite Munggan Nabak USE Wik-Munkan Assigned collective code [paa] Munggava (Papuan (Other)) USE Rennellese UF Wain Miinkii Nabaloi Assigned collective code [sai] USE Ibaloi (South American Indian Nabe (Other)) USE Kulango Munsee Nafaanra Assigned collective code [del] Assigned collective code [nic] (Delaware) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Minsi Naga languages Munukutuba Assigned collective code [sit] USE Kituba (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Muong Naga Pidgin Assigned collective code [mkh] Assigned collective code [crp] (Mon-Khmer (Other)) (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) Murato UF Nagamese USE Candoshi

page 100 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Nagamese Nande USE Naga Pidgin Assigned collective code [bnt] Nago (Bantu (Other)) USE Yoruba UF Nandi (Congo) Nagpuri (Bhojpuri) Nandi USE Sadani Assigned collective code [ssa] Nahali (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Pipil Nandi (Congo) Nahuat USE Nande USE Ibaloi Nankanse Nahuatl [nah] Assigned collective code [nic] UF Aztec (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mexican UF Frafra Also collective code for: Gurenne Pipil Ninkare Nakanai Nankina Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [paa] (Austronesian (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) UF Lakalai Napu Nakara Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [aus] (Austronesian (Other)) (Australian languages) UF Bara (Indonesia) Nali Nara Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [ssa] (Austronesian (Other)) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Yiru UF Barea Nama Baria Assigned collective code [khi] Narak (Khoisan (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] Namau (Papuan (Other)) USE Purari UF Gandja Nambicuara Kandawo Assigned collective code [sai] Kol (Papua New Guinea) (South American Indian (Other)) Narangga UF Nhambicuara Assigned collective code [aus] Nambya (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [bnt] UF Narangga (Bantu (Other)) Naro Nanai USE Nharo Assigned collective code [tut] Narrinyeri (Altaic (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] UF Goldi (Australian languages) Nancere Narangga Assigned collective code [afa] USE Narangga (Afroasiatic (Other)) Nascapee Nancowry USE Naskapi Assigned collective code [mis] Nasioi (Miscellaneous languages) Assigned collective code [paa] (Papuan (Other)) Naskapee USE Naskapi

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 101 Name Sequence

Naskapi Ndonga [ndo] Assigned collective code [alg] UF Ambo (Angola and Namibia) (Algonquian (Other)) Oshindonga UF Nascapee Oshiwambo Naskapee Ovambo (Ndonga) Natakan Ndore USE Mafa USE Tupuri Nath Ndruna USE Nuer USE Ngiti Natick Ndumu USE Massachuset Assigned collective code [bnt] Nauru [nau] (Bantu (Other)) Navajo [nav] Ndzundza Nawariyi USE Ndebele (South Africa) USE Wandarang Ndzungle Nawazi-Montji USE Limbum USE Chimane Neapolitan Italian [nap] Nawp UF Italian, Neapolitan USE Daga Neengatu Naxi USE Tupi Assigned collective code [sit] Nembe (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [ijo] UF Moso (Ijo) Nayarita UF Nimbi USE Cora Nemi Nbundu Assigned collective code [map] USE Kimbundu (Austronesian (Other)) Nchumburu Nenets Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [mis] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Miscellaneous languages) Ndau UF Jurak Assigned collective code [bnt] Yurak (Bantu (Other)) Nengone UF Chindau Assigned collective code [map] Shona, Southeastern (Austronesian (Other)) Ndebele (South Africa) [nbl] Neo (Artificial language) UF Ndzundza Assigned collective code [art] Nrebele (South Africa) (Artificial (Other)) Transvaal Ndebele Neo-Melanesian Ndebele (Zimbabwe) [nde] USE Tok Pisin UF Nrebele (Zimbabwe) Neo-Syriac Sindebele USE Syriac, Modem Tebele Nepali [nep] Ndjuka UF Gorkhali USE Djuka Khas Ndogo-Sere languages Parbate Assigned collective code [nic] Purbutti (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Also collective code for: Baitadi Netherlandic USE Dutch

page 102 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Netlakapamuk Ngarinyin USE Ntlakyapamuk Assigned collective code [aus] New Britain (Australian languages) USE Tolai UF Ungarinjin New Hanover Wungarinjin USE Lavongai Ngarla Newari [new] Assigned collective code [aus] Newari, Old [nwc] (Australian languages) UF Old Newari Ngarluma Nez Perce Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [nai] (Australian languages) (North American Indian (Other)) Ngas UF Numipu USE Angas Sahaptin Ngatik Ngaaka Assigned collective code [map] USE Mungaka (Austronesian (Other)) Ngaanyatjarra Ngbaka Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [nic] (Australian languages) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Ngada Ngbaka limba Assigned collective code [map] USE Ngbaka ma'bo (Austronesian (Other)) Ngbaka ma'bo Ngaju Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [map] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Bwaka UF Biadju Ngbaka Limba Ngaju Dayak Ngere Ngaju Dayak Assigned collective code [kro] USE Ngaju (Kru (Other)) Ngala (Congo) UF Gere USE Lingala Guere Ngama Ngiti Assigned collective code [ssa] Assigned collective code [ssa] (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Sara Ngama UF Druna Ngambai Lendu, Southern USE Gambai Ndruna Nganasan Southern Lendu Assigned collective code [mis] Ngizim (Miscellaneous languages) Assigned collective code [afa] UF Tavgi (Afroasiatic (Other)) Ngandi UF Gwazum Assigned collective code [aus] Kirdiwat (Australian languages) Nugzum Ngangan Walu USE Mi Gangam Ngo Ngangela USE Babungo USE Ganguela Ngok Pa USE Semang

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 103 Name Sequence

Ngonde Niger-Kordofanian (Other) (Continued) Assigned collective code [bnt] Anyang (Bantu (Other)) Anyi UF Ikinyi-Kiusa Attie Kiusa Avikam Konde (Nyakyusa) Awutu Mombe Babungo Nkonde Bafut Nyakyusa Baka (Cameroon and Gabon) Sochile Bamun Nguemba (Bamileke) Bariba USE Ngyemboon Bassari Nguna Baule Assigned collective code [map] Bedik (Austronesian (Other)) Bekwarra Ngwala Benue-Congo languages USE Kulango Biali Ngyemboon Bijago Assigned collective code [bai] Birifor (Bamileke languages) Birom UF Nguemba (Bamileke) Bobo Fing Nhambicuara Boomu USE Nambicuara Bozo Nhang Brissa USE Bouyei Bua languages Nharo Buli Assigned collective code [khi] Bus a (Khoisan (Other)) Bwamu UF Naro Dagaare Niaboua Dagbani USE Nyabwa Dan (Cote d'Ivoire) Niakuol Diola USE Nyah Kur Dogon Niantic Ebira USE Massachuset Eggon Nias [nia] Ejagbam Nibulu Ekpeye USE Nunuma Engenni Nicobarese Esuulaalu Assigned collective code [mis] Etsako (Miscellaneous languages) Falor Nife Gbagyi USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) Gbandi Niger-Kordofanian (Other) [nic] Gen-Gbe UF Niger-Congo (Other) Gonja Collective code for: Gua Abidji Gun-Gbe Abua Gurma Ahanta Guyuk Aja (Benin and Togo) Hanga (Ghana) Anufo Idoma

page 104 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Niger-Kordofanian (Other) (Continued) Niger-Kordofanian (Other) (Continued) Igede Muana Igo Mumuye Ikwere Mundang Itsekiri Mungaka Izere Nafaanra Izi Nankanse Jju Nchumburu Jukun Ndogo-Sere languages Kabiye Ngbaka Kagoro (Mali) Ngbaka ma'bo Kagoro (Nigeria) Nirere Karang (Cameroon) Nkonya Kasem Nomaante Kassonke Noon Kissi Noone Konkomba Northern Bullom Konni Nunuma Kposo Nupe Krongo Ogbronuagum Kulango Oron Kuo Pinyin Kuranko Sanwi Kurumba Senari Kusaal Senya Kwanja Sherbro Kweni Sissala Lefana Somba Ligbi Tagbana Limba Tampulma Limbum Teen Lobi Tern Loko Tikar Loma Tobote Longuda Tofmgbe Lorhon Tura Lyele Tusia Mamara Tuwunro Mambila Tyembara Mampruli Urhobo Mandjak Vagala Mankanya Vige Mankon Yako Mano Nihali Mayogo Assigned collective code [mun] Mbili (Munda (Other)) Mbum UF Nahali Mi Gangam Nii Migili Assigned collective code [paa] Mo (Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana) (Papuan (Other)) Moba UF Ek Nii

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 105 Name Sequence

Nika languages Nilo-Saharan (Other) (Continued) USE Mijikenda languages Turkana Nilo-Saharan (Other) [ssa] Uduk UF Sub-Saharan African (Other) Yulu Collective code for: Zaghawa Alur Nilotic Kavirondo Anuak USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) Bagirmi Nimbi Baka USE Nembe Bari Ninkare Bongo USE Nankanse Bongo-Bagirmi languages Nirere Bor (Lwo) Assigned collective code [nic] Daza (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Fur Nishinahua Gambai USE Jaminaua Kaba (Central Sudanic) Nisi Kalenjin USE Dafla Kara (Central African Republic Nitinat and Sudan) Assigned collective code [wak] Karamojong (Wakashan languages) Kenga Niuean [niu] Kipsikis Nivacle Kreish USE Chulupi Kulaal Nivkh Kunama USE Gilyak Lango (Uganda) Nj ungene Lendu USE Limbum Lese N'Ko [nqo] Lotuko Nkole Lugbara USE Nyankole Lwo (Sudan) Nkom Maban USE Kom (Cameroon) Majingai Nkonde Mangbetu USE Ngonde Mbai (Moissala) Nkonya Morn Assigned collective code [nic] Murle (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Nandi Nkundu Nara USE Mongo-Nkundu Ngama Nkurange Ngiti USE Kulango Nuer No linguistic content [zxx] Pari (Sudan) Noanama Sabaot USE Waunana Samburu Nobiin Sara USE Mahas-Fiyadikka Suk Nobonob Teda USE Halopa Teso Nochi Toposa USE Notsi

page 106 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Nocte North American Indian (Other) Assigned collective code [sit] (Continued) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Chitimacha UF Borduaria Chumash Mohongia Coahuilteco Paniduaria Cocopa Noemfoor Coos USE Numfor Diegueno Nogai [nog] Eastern Porno Nomaante Eyak Assigned collective code [nic] Hualapai (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Karok Nomatsiguenga Keres Assigned collective code [sai] Kiliwa (South American Indian (Other)) Konomihu UF Pangoa Kuitsh Nonantum Maidu USE Massachuset Mikasuki Noni Miwok languages USE Noone Mutsun Noon Nez Perce Assigned collective code [nic] Northern Sierra Miwok (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Ohlone Noone Paipai Assigned collective code [nic] Pawnee (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Southeastern Pomo UF Noni Timucua Nootka Tlakluit Assigned collective code [wak] Tonkawa (Wakashan languages) Tunica UF Aht Wappo Nutka Wichita Nope Wikchamni USE Nupe Wintu Nor Wiyot USE Mambila Yahi Norman-French Yakama USE Anglo-Norman Yuchi Norse, Old Yuki USE Old Norse North Aryan North American Indian (Other) [nai] USE Khotanese Use for the other languages of North America North Frisian [frr] north of Mexico excluding the languages of UF Frisian, North the Azteco-Tanoan language phylum. Northern Altai Collective code for: Assigned collective code [tut] Alabama (Altaic (Other)) Ankara UF Altai, Northern Atsugewi Northern Barasano Beothuk USE Barasana del Norte Chickasaw Chimariko

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 107 Name Sequence

Northern Bullom Northern Thai Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [tai] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Tai (Other)) UF Bullom, Northern UF Kammyang Northern Cagayan Negrito Lanna Thai USE Atta Lao, Western Northern Epera Myang USE Catio Phayap Northern Kankanay Thai, Northern Assigned collective code [phi] Western Lao (Philippine (Other)) Yuan UF Bontoc, Western Norwegian [nor] Kankanay, Northern UF Bokmal Sagada-Igorot Dano-Norwegian Western Bontoc Riksmaal Northern Khmer Norwegian (Bokmal) [nob] Assigned collective code [mkh] UF Bokmal (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Dano-Norwegian UF Khmer, Northern Norwegian (Nynorsk) [nno] Northern Lunda UF Landsmaal USE Ruund Nynorsk Northern Mongolian Norwegian, Old (to 1350) USE Buriat USE Old Norse Northern Sakai Nosu USE Temiar USE Yi Northern Sami [sme] Notsi UF Sami, Northern Assigned collective code [map] Northern Shilha (Austronesian (Other)) USE Rif UF Nochi Northern Sierra Miwok Notu Assigned collective code [nai] Assigned collective code [paa] (North American Indian (Papuan (Other)) (Other)) UF Ewage UF Miwok, Northern Sierra Nouni Northern Sinama USE Nunuma USE Balangingi Novial (Artificial language) Northern Sotho [nso] Assigned collective code [art] UF Pedi (Artificial (Other)) Sepedi Nrebele (South Africa) Sotho, Northern USE Ndebele (South Africa) Transvaal Sotho Nrebele (Zimbabwe) USE Ndebele (Zimbabwe) Nsenga Assigned collective code [bnt] (Bantu (Other)) Nsima USE Nzima Nsugni USE Limbum

page 108 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Ntaandu Numfor Assigned collective code [kon] Assigned collective code [map] (Kongo) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Kintaandu UF Mafor Kisantu Noemfoor Santu Nufor Ntlakyapamuk Numipu Assigned collective code [sal] USE Nez Perce (Salishan languages) Nunggubuyu UF Netlakapamuk Assigned collective code [aus] Thompson (Australian languages) Ntomba UF Wubuy Assigned collective code [bnt] Nunguda (Bantu (Other)) USE Longuda Nuakata Nunuma USE Kurada Assigned collective code [nic] Nuaulu (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Nibulu (Austronesian (Other)) Nouni Nubian, Old Nupanob USE Old Nubian (to 1300) USE Halopa Nubian Languages Nupe Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [nic] Dongola-Kenuz (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Mahas-Fiyadikka UF Nope Midob Nutka Old Nubian (to 1300) USE Nootka Nuer Nyabungu Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Shi (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Nyabwa UF Abigar Assigned collective code [kro] Nath (Kru (Other)) Nufi UF Niaboua USE Fe'fe' Nyah Kur Nufor Assigned collective code [mkh] USE Numfor (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Nugunu UF Chao Bon USE Nukunu Niakuol Nugzum Nyakyusa USE Ngizim USE Ngonde Nukunu Nyamwezi [nym] Assigned collective code [aus] Nyaneka (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [bnt] UF Nugunu (Bantu (Other)) Nukuoro UF Lunyaneka Assigned collective code [map] Olunyaneka (Austronesian (Other)) Nyang (Cameroon) USE Anyang Nyanga Assigned collective code [bnt] (Bantu (Other))

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 109 Name Sequence Nyanja [nya] Occitan (post-1500) [oci] UF Chinyanja UF Langue d’oc (post-1500) Nyassa Provencal, Modem (post-1500) Also collective code for: Also collective code for: Chewa Beamais (post-1500) Nyankole [nyn] Gascon (post-1500) UF Lunyankole Occitan, Old (to 1500) Nkole USE Proven9al (to 1500) Runyankore Ocuiltec Nyaruanda Assigned collective code [oto] USE Kinyarwanda (Otomian languages) Nyassa UF Atzinca USE Nyanja Maclatzinca Nyife Tlahuica USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) O'dam Nyika languages USE Tepehuan USE Mijikenda languages Odschi Nynorsk USE Twi USE Norwegian (Nynorsk) Ofo Nyoro [nyo] Assigned collective code [sio] UF Lunyoro (Siouan (Other)) Urunyoro UF Ofogoula Nyungwe Ofogoula Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Ofo (Bantu (Other)) Ogbronuagum UF Tete Assigned collective code [nic] Nzakara (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [znd] Ohlone (Zande languages) Assigned collective code [nai] UF Sakara (North American Indian Nzema (Other)) USE Nzima UF Costanoan Nzima [nzi] Oiampi UF Nsima USE Wayampi Nzema Oirat [xal] Zema UF Oyrat O-wen-k'o Also collective code for: USE Evenki Kalmyk Oa Oirat (Turkic) USE Pamoa USE Altai Ocaina Ojibwa [oji] Assigned collective code [sai] UF Anishinabe (South American Indian Chippewa (Other)) Otchipwe Occidental Salteaux USE Interlingue Saulteaux Also collective code for: Ottawa Ojo USE Ijo

page 110 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Okanagan Old Italian Assigned collective code [sal] USE Italian, Old (to 1300) (Salishan languages) Old Javanese UF Okinagan USE Kawi Okeina Old Khmer (Kui) USE Korape USE Kui (Mon-Khmer) Okinagan Old Khotanese USE Okanagan USE Khotanese Oksapmin Old Low Franconian Assigned collective code [paa] USE Dutch, Old (to 1050) (Papuan (Other)) Old Low German (ca. 850-1050) Oktengban USE Old Saxon USE Ketengban Old Newari Okwasar USE Newari, Old USE Saberi Old Norse [non] Olcha UF Icelandic, Old (to 1550) Assigned collective code [tut] Norse, Old (Altaic (Other)) Norwegian, Old (to 1350) UF Ulcha Old Icelandic (to 1550) Old Anatolian Turkish Old Norwegian (to 1350) USE Turkish, Old (to 1500) Old Norwegian (to 1350) Old Bactrian (Avestan) USE Old Norse USE Avestan Old Nubian (to 1300) Old Belarusian Assigned collective code [nub] USE Belarusian, Old (to 1700) (Nubian languages) Old Bulgarian (to 1100) UF Nubian, Old USE Church Slavic Old Occitan (to 1500) Old Church Slavic USE Provencal (to 1500) USE Church Slavic Old Ottoman Turkish Old Czech USE Turkish, Old (to 1500) USE Czech, Old (to 1500) Old Persian (Avestan) Old Danish USE Avestan USE Danish, Old (to 1500) Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.) [peo] Old Dutch UF Persian, Old (ca. 600-400 B.C.) USE Dutch, Old (to 1050) Old Proven9al (to 1500) Old East Slavic USE Provenfal (to 1500) USE Russian, Old (to 1300) Old Prussian Old English USE Prussian USE English, Old (ca. 450-1100) Old Russian Old French USE Russian, Old (to 1300) USE French, Old (ca. 842-1300) Old Saxon Old Frisian Assigned collective code [gem] USE Frisian, Old (to 1500) (Germanic (Other)) Old High German UF Low German, Old (ca. USE German, Old High (ca. 750-1050) 850-1050) Old Icelandic (to 1550) Old Low German (ca. USE Old Norse 850-1050) Old Indie Saxon, Old USE Vedic Old Slovenian Old Irish USE Church Slavic USE Irish, Old (to 1100)

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 111 Name Sequence Old Spanish Orang Laut (Indonesia) USE Spanish, Old (to 1500) USE Bajau Old Swedish Orang Laut (Thailand and Malaysia) USE Swedish, Old (to 1550) USE Urak Lawoi’ Old Turkic Oraon Assigned collective code [tut] USE Kurukh (Altaic (Other)) Oratta-Ikwerri UF Turkic, Old USE Ikwere Old Turkish Ordos USE Turkish, Old (to 1500) Assigned collective code [mon] Old Ukrainian (Mongolian) USE Ukrainian, Old (ca. 1300-1700) Orejon Old Uzbek Assigned collective code [sai] USE Chagatai (South American Indian Old Welsh (to 1100) (Other)) USE Welsh, Old (to 1100) UF Coto (Tucanoan) Ollari Mai Huna USE Gadaba (Dravidian) Payagua Olo Oria Assigned collective code [paa] USE Orya (Papuan (Other)) Oriya [ori] UF Orlei Also collective code for: Oluluyia Sambalpuri USE Luyia Orlei Olunyaneka USE Olo USE Nyaneka Orma Omaha Assigned collective code [orm] Assigned collective code [sio] (Oromo) (Siouan (Other)) UF Uardai Ometo Warday USE Wolayta Oroch Omie Assigned collective code [tut] USE Aomie (Altaic (Other)) Oneida Orochon Assigned collective code [iro] USE Oroqen (Iroquoian (Other)) Orokaiva Ongbe Assigned collective code [paa] USE Be (Papuan (Other)) Ono Orokolo Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [paa] (Papuan (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) Onondaga Oromo [orm] Assigned collective code [iro] UF Afan (Iroquoian (Other)) Galla Opata Gallinya Assigned collective code [cai] Also collective code for: (Central American Indian Boran (Other)) Orma Orak Lawoi’ Oron USE Urak Lawoi’ Assigned collective code [nic] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other))

page 112 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Oroqen Ottoman Turkish Assigned collective code [tut] USE Turkish, Ottoman (Altaic (Other)) Ottoman Turkish, Old UF Orochon USE Turkish, Old (to 1500) Ora Oturkpo USE Ijo USE Idoma Orya Oubykh Assigned collective code [paa] USE Ubykh (Papuan (Other)) Ouldeme UF Oria USE Uldeme Uria Ouobe Osage [osa] USE Wobe Oshindonga Ouolof USE Ndonga USE Wolof Oshiwambo Ovambo (Kuanyama) USE Ndonga USE Kuanyama Osmanli Ovambo (Ndonga) USE Turkish, Ottoman USE Ndonga Ossetic [oss] Ovimbundu UF As! USE Umbundu Usati Oyampi Ostiak USE Wayampi USE Khanty Oyrat Ostiak Samoyed USE Oirat USE Selkup Pa-o Otchipwe USE Taungthu USE Ojibwa Pacific Gulf Yupik Othomi Assigned collective code [ypk] USE Otomi (Yupik languages) Oti UF Aleut (Eskimo) USE Xavante Eskimo, South Alaska Oto Sugpiak Eskimo Assigned collective code [sio] Suk (Eskimo) (Siouan (Other)) Pacoh UF Watoto Assigned collective code [mkh] Otomi (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Assigned collective code [oto] UF Bo (Otomian languages) River Van Kieu UF Hnahnu Padam Othomi Assigned collective code [sit] Otomian languages [oto] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Collective code for: Paduko Chichimeca-Jonaz Assigned collective code [afa] Matlatzinca (Afroasiatic (Other)) Mazahua UF Podoko Ocuiltec Paez Otomi Assigned collective code [sai] Pame (South American Indian (Other)) Ottawa Pahari, Western Assigned collective code [oji] USE Himachali (Ojibwa)

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 113 Name Sequence

Pahlavi [pal] Paleocanaanite UF Huzvaresh USE Eblaite Middle Persian (Pahlavi) Pali [pli] Parsi Palicur Pazend Assigned collective code [sai] Pehlevi (South American Indian Persian, Middle (Pahlavi) (Other)) Pai (China) Pallan USE Bai (China) USE Palan Pai-i r USE Lu USE Falor Paipai Assigned collective code [nai] USE Kaili (North American Indian Pame (Other)) Assigned collective code [oto] Paite (Otomian languages) Assigned collective code [sit] UF Chichimeca Pame (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Pamoa Paiute, Southern Assigned collective code [sai] USE Southern Paiute (South American Indian Paiwan (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Juna (Austronesian (Other)) Oa Pajo Tatutapuyo USE Balaesang Pampanga [pam] Pak Thai UF Kapampangan USE Southern Thai Panamint Pakhto Assigned collective code [cai] USE Pushto (Central American Indian Pakpak (Other)) USE Dairi Pakpak UF Coso Pala Koso Assigned collective code [map] Ttimpisa (Austronesian (Other)) Panare Palan Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [mis] (South American Indian (Miscellaneous languages) (Other)) UF Pallan Panayan Palanan USE Hiligaynon USE Paranan Pangasinan [pag] Palauan [pau] Pangoa UF Pelew USE Nomatsiguenga Palawano Pangutaran Sama Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [phi] (Philippine (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) Palembang Malay UF Sama Pangutaran Assigned collective code [may] Pangwa (Malay) Assigned collective code [bnt] Palenquero (Colombia) (Bantu (Other)) USE San Basilio del Palenque Spanish Paniduaria Creole USE Nocte

page 114 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Panjabi [pan] Papuan (Other) (Continued) UF Eastern Panjabi Daribi Punjabi Dedua Panjabi, Southern Duna USE Siraiki Eipo Panjabi, Western Enga USE Lahnda Faiwol Panobo Fasu Assigned collective code [sai] Folopa (South American Indian (Other)) Fore Papago Gadsup USE Tohono O'odham Gahuku Papiamento [pap] Galela Papuan (Other) [paa] Gimi Collective code for: Gogodala Abau Golin Abulas Gope Agarabe Guhu-Samane Alamblak Gwahatike Ama (Papua New Guinea) Gwedena Amele Halopa Ampale Huli Aneme Wake Iatmul Anggor Inanwatan Ankave Inoke Aomie Irumu Asaro Iwam Asmat Kalabra Au Kalam Auyana Kaluli Awa (Eastern Highlands Kamano Province, Papua New Kamasau Guinea) Kamtuk Bahinemo Kanite Baining Kapauku Barai Kasua Baruya Kate Bauzi Ketengban Benabena Kewa Berik Kobon Biangai Komba Bimin Komunku Binumarien Kongara Bisorio Korape Blagar Kosena Bom Kunimaipa Buin Kwerba Bunak Lambau Burum (Papua New Guinea) Lunambe Chuave Mai Brat Daga Managalasi

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 115 Name Sequence Papuan (Other) (Continued) Papuan (Other) (Continued) Manambu Urii Meax Usarufa Medlpa Waffa Mianmin Wantoat Monumbo Washkuk Mountain Arapesh Wasi Mountain Koiari Were Mpur (Indonesia) West Makian Mugil Wiru Nabak Woisika Nankina Yabiyufa Narak Yagaria Nasioi Yangoru Nii Yareba Notu Yau Oksapmin Yessan-Mayo Olo Yongkom Ono Yopno Orokaiva Yui Orokolo Paramuni Orya USE Patamona Pay Paranan Pinai-Hagahai Assigned collective code [map] Purari (Austronesian (Other)) Rawa UF Palanan Rotokas Paraujano Saberi Assigned collective code [sai] Sahu (South American Indian Samo (Western Province, Papua (Other)) New Guinea) UF Anun Sawos Parbate Selepet USE Nepali Sentani Pare Siane USE Asu Siroi Paressi Siwai Assigned collective code [sai] Sona (Papua New Guinea) (South American Indian Suena (Other)) Sulka UF Ariti Tabla Pari (Sudan) Tairora Assigned collective code [ssa] Tani (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Tauya Parintintin Telefol Assigned collective code [tup] Tepera (Tupi languages) Temate Parsi Tifal USE Pahlavi Timbe Parthian Toaripi Assigned collective code [ira] Tobelo (Iranian (Other))

page 116 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Parya Pekawa Assigned collective code [inc] USE Daa (Indie (Other)) Pelende Pasa Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Siroi (Bantu (Other)) Pashto Pelew USE Pushto USE Palauan Pasir (Lawangan) Pemon Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [sai] (Austronesian (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) Passamaquoddy Pend d'Oreille Assigned collective code [alg] USE Kalispel (Algonquian (Other)) Pende UF Etchemin Assigned collective code [bnt] Malecite (Bantu (Other)) Patamona UF Kipende Assigned collective code [sai] Pindi (Pende) (South American Indian (Other)) Pengo UF Paramuni Assigned collective code [dra] Patristic Greek (Dravidian (Other)) USE Greek, Ancient (to 1453) Pennsylvania German Paumari Assigned collective code [gem] USE Purupuru (Germanic (Other)) Paumotu Penobscot USE Tuamotuan Assigned collective code [alg] Pauwi (Algonquian (Other)) USE Bauzi Pequot Pawnee USE Mohegan Assigned collective code [nai] Permiak (North American Indian (Other)) USE Komi-Permyak Pay Persian [per] Assigned collective code [paa] UF Farsi (Papuan (Other)) Also collective code for: Payagua Dari USE Orejon Persian, Middle (Pahlavi) Pazeh USE Pahlavi Assigned collective code [map] Persian, Old (Avestan) (Austronesian (Other)) USE Avestan UF Bazai Persian, Old (ca. 600-400 B.C.) Pazend USE Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.) USE Pahlavi Petats Peaux-de-Lievre Assigned collective code [map] USE Kawchottine (Austronesian (Other)) Pedi Peul USE Northern Sotho USE Fula Pedraza Phayap USE Tunebo USE Northern Thai Peguan USE Mon Pehlevi USE Pahlavi

page 117 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Philippine (Other) [phi] Philippine (Other) (Continued) Collective code for: Melebuganon Abaknon Northern Kankanay Agta Palawano Agutaynon Pangutaran Sama Aklanon Sama Sibutu Alangan Sambali Amganad Ifugao Southern Bontoc Atta Southern Subanen Ayangan Ifugao Subanun Bagobo Sulod Balangao Sulu Balangingi Tagakaolo Banton Tagbanua Batad Ifugao Tausug Bilaan Tboli Bolinao Tina Sambal Bontoc Tiruray Botolan Sambal Tuwali Caluyanun Western Subanon Central Bontoc Yakan Central Subanen Phoenician [phn] Cuyunon Also collective code for: Dumagat (Casiguran) Punic Dumagat (Umirey) Phouteng Eastern Bontoc USE Khmu' Eastern Ifugao Phurhembe Gaddang USE Tarascan Ibaloi Piapoco Ibanag Assigned collective code [sai] Ifugao (South American Indian Ilongot (Other)) Isinay Piaroa Isneg Assigned collective code [sai] Itawis (South American Indian Itbayat (Other)) Ivatan Pidgin English Jama Mapun Assigned collective code [cpe] Ivatan (Creoles and Pidgins, Kalamian English-based (Other)) Kalinga languages Pidgin Kaffir Kankanay USE Fanakalo Kinaray-a Pidgins Lower Tanudan Kalinga USE Creoles and Pidgins (Other) Magindanao Pilaga Mamanwa Assigned collective code [sai] Mangyan (South American Indian Mansaka (Other)) Maranao Pileni Masbateno Assigned collective code [map] Mayoyao Ifugao (Austronesian (Other))

page 118 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Pilipino Pokomam USE Tagalog Assigned collective code [myn] Pima (Mayan languages) Assigned collective code [cai] UF Pocomam (Central American Indian (Other)) Poqomam Pinai-Hagahai Pokomo Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Papuan (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Pindi (Pende) Pokonchi USE Pende Assigned collective code [myn] Pintupi (Mayan languages) Assigned collective code [aus] Pokot (Australian languages) USE Suk UF Bindubi Polabian Pinyin Assigned collective code [sla] Assigned collective code [nic] (Slavic (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Police Motu Pipikoro USE Hiri Motu USE Uma Polish [pol] Pipil Polovtsi Assigned collective code [nah] USE Kipchak (Nahuatl) Porno, Eastern UF Nahuat USE Eastern Pomo Piratapuyo Porno, Southeastern Assigned collective code [sai] USE Southeastern Pomo (South American Indian (Other)) Ponape [pon] Pirinda Ponda USE Matlatzinca USE Lucazi Piro (Arawakan) Pongwe USE Chontaquiro USE Mpongwe Pisin Popoloca USE Tok Pisin Assigned collective code [cai] Pitjantjatjara (Central American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Popoluca, Highland (Australian languages) USE Sierra Popoluca Pitjara Popoluca of Vera Cruz USE Bidjara USE Sierra Popoluca Plains Kachari Poqomam USE Bodo USE Pokomam Plang Portuguese [por] USE Blang Portuguese-based Creoles and Pidgins (Other) Plattdeutsch USE Creoles and Pidgins, USE Low German Portuguese-based (Other) Pocomam Potawatomi USE Pokomam Assigned collective code [alg] Podoko (Algonquian (Other)) USE Paduko Pothwarl [lah] Poitevin French Assigned collective code [lah] Assigned collective code [fre] (Lahnda) (French) Poul UF French, Poitevin USE Fula

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 119 Name Sequence

Poular Punu USE Pular Assigned collective code [bnt] Pounou (Bantu (Other)) USE Punu UF Bapounou Pove Pounou USE Bubi (Gabon) Puquina Powhatan Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [alg] (South American Indian (Algonquian (Other)) (Other)) Prakrit languages [pra] Puquina (Chipaya) Also collective code for: USE Chipaya Magadhi Prakrit Puquina (Urn) SaurasenT USE Urn Provencal (to 1500) [pro] Purari UF Occitan, Old (to 1500) Assigned collective code [paa] Old Occitan (to 1500) (Papuan (Other)) Old Proven9al (to 1500) UF Eurika Provencal, Modem (post-1500) Evora USE Occitan (post-1500) Iai (Papua New Guinea) Prussian Iare Assigned collective code [bat] Kaimare (Baltic (Other)) Kaura (Papua New Guinea) UF Old Prussian Kipaia Puinave Koriki Assigned collective code [sai] Maipua (South American Indian Namau (Other)) Purbutti Pujunan USE Nepali USE Maidu Purepecha Pulang USE Tarascan USE Blang Purupuru Pular Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [ful] (South American Indian (Fula) (Other)) UF Poular UF Paumari Toucouleur Pushto [pus] Tukolor UF Afghan Pullon Mapun Pakhto USE Jama Mapun Pashto Puluwat Puyi Assigned collective code [map] USE Bouyei (Austronesian (Other)) Pwo Karen Pume Assigned collective code [kar] USE Yaruro (Karen languages) Punic Qabardian Assigned collective code [phn] USE Kabardian (Phoenician) Qaqet Punjabi USE Baining USE Panjabi Qarakhanid USE Karakhanid

page 120 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Qaraqalpaq Raeto-Romance [roh] USE Kara-Kalpak UF Rhaeto-Romance Qollahuaya Romansh USE Callahuaya Rumansh Quebec Sign Language Ragoli Assigned collective code [sgn] USE Logooli (Sign languages) Rajasthani [raj] UF Langue des signes quebecoise Also collective code for: Quechua [que] Bagri UF Inca Gujuri Kechua Harauti Quichua Jaipuri Runasimi Malvi Also collective code for: Rajbangsi Huanca Assigned collective code [ben] Ingano (Bengali) Quekchi Rakhaing USE Kekchi USE Arakanese Querene Raluana USE Tzotzil USE Tolai Quiche Rama Assigned collective code [myn] Assigned collective code [cai] (Mayan languages) (Central American Indian (Other)) UF Kiche Ramoaaina Utlateca Assigned collective code [map] Quichua (Austronesian (Other)) USE Quechua UF Malu (Papua New Guinea) Quileute Rapanui [rap] Assigned collective code [alg] Raramuri (Algonquian (Other)) USE Tarahumara Quimbundo (Benguela Province, Angola) Rarotongan [rar] USE Umbundu UF Cook Islands Maori Quimbundo (Luanda Province, Angola) Maori, Cook Islands USE Kimbundu Also collective code for: Quinault Manihiki Rarotongan Assigned collective code [sal] Rarotongan, Manihiki (Salishan languages) USE Manihiki Rarotongan Quioco Rawa USE Chokwe Assigned collective code [paa] Rabha (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sit] UF Karo-Rawa (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Rawang Rabinal Achi Assigned collective code [sit] USE Achi (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Rade Rebu Assigned collective code [cmc] USE Bobangi (Chamic languages) Red Karen UF Ede USE Kayah Rhade Redjang (Sumatra, Indonesia) USE Rejang (Sumatra, Indonesia)

page 121 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Rejang (Sumatra, Indonesia) Roanoak Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [alg] (Austronesian (Other)) (Algonquian (Other)) UF Redjang (Sumatra, Indonesia) Roglai Rendille Assigned collective code [cmc] Assigned collective code [cus] (Chamic languages) (Cushitic (Other)) Romagnol Rengao Assigned collective code [ita] Assigned collective code [mkh] (Italian) (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Romance (Other) [roa] Rennellese Collective code for: Assigned collective code [map] Anglo-Norman (Austronesian (Other)) Cajun French UF Bellonese Franco- Venetian Munggava Italian, Old (to 1300) Resigero Ladin Assigned collective code [sai] Spanish, Old (to 1500) (South American Indian Romani [rom] (Other)) UF Gipsy Retuara Gypsy USE Tanimuca-Retuama Romanian [rum] Reunionese French Creole UF Rumanian Assigned collective code [cpf| Also collective code for: (Creoles and Pidgins, Boyash French-based (Other)) Romansh UF French Creole, Reunionese USE Raeto-Romance Rhade Ron USE Rade Assigned collective code [afa] Rhaeto-Romance (Afroasiatic (Other)) USE Raeto-Romance UF Chala Rif Run Assigned collective code [ber] Rong (Berber (Other)) USE Lepcha UF Northern Shilha Ronga Shilha, Northern Assigned collective code [bnt] Tarifit (Bantu (Other)) Rikbaktsa UF Landim Assigned collective code [sai] Shironga (South American Indian Xironga (Other)) Rongmei UF Aripaktsa Assigned collective code [sit] Canoeiro (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Riksmaal Roti USE Norwegian Assigned collective code [map] Ritharrngu (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] UF Rottinese (Australian languages) Rotokas River Van Kieu Assigned collective code [paa] USE Pacoh (Papuan (Other)) Rottinese USE Roti

page 122 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Rotuman Rusyn Assigned collective code [map] USE Carpatho-Rusyn (Austronesian (Other)) Ruund Rozi Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Lozi (Bantu (Other)) Ruanda UF Chiluwunda USE Kinyarwanda Lunda, Northern Rugara Luwunda USE Buin Muatiamvua Rugciriku Northern Lunda USE Diriku Uruund Ruhaya Ruuri USE Haya USE Ruri Rukai Rwanda Assigned collective code [map] USE Kinyarwanda (Austronesian (Other)) Sabaean UF Drukai Assigned collective code [sem] Rumanian (Semitic (Other)) USE Romanian Sabaot Rumansh Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Raeto-Romance (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Rumanyo Sahara USE Diriku USE Sora Run Saberi USE Ron Assigned collective code [paa] Runasimi (Papuan (Other)) USE Quechua UF Isirawa Rundi [run] Okwasar UF Kirundi Sabu Runyankore USE Sawu USE Nyankole Sadan (Indonesia) Runyarwanda USE Toraja Sa'dan USE Kinyarwanda Sadani Ruri Assigned collective code [bho] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Bhojpuri) (Bantu (Other)) UF Chota Nagpuri UF Ciruuri Dikkukaji Kiruri Nagpuri (Bhojpuri) Ruuri Sadri Russian [rus] Sadong Russian, Old (to 1300) USE Bukar Sadong Assigned collective code [sla] Sadri (Slavic (Other)) USE Sadani UF East Slavic Safeyoka Old East Slavic USE Ampale Old Russian Sagada-Igorot Russian, White USE Northern Kankanay USE Belarusian Sagalla Russian Lapp USE Taita USE Skolt Sami Sahaptin USE Nez Perce

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 123 Name Sequence

Sahu Salishan languages [sal] Assigned collective code [paa] Collective code for: (Papuan (Other)) Bella Coola Saija Colville USE Epena Saija Comox Sailau Cowlitz USE Lushai Kalispel Saint Lawrence Island Yupik Lillooet USE Yuit Ntlakyapamuk Saintongeais French Okanagan Assigned collective code [fre] Quinault (French) Salish UF French, Saintongeais Sechelt Saixa Shuswap USE Epena Saija Squawmish Saka Stalo USE Khotanese Saliva Sakai, Central Assigned collective code [sai] USE Semai (South American Indian Sakai, Eastern (Other)) USE Jah Hut UF Saliba (Colombia and Sakai, Northern Venezuela) USE Temiar Salt-Yui Sakai languages USE Yui USE Senoic languages Salteaux Sakalava USE Ojibwa Assigned collective code [mlg] Salur (Malagasy) USE Gadaba (Dravidian) Sakara Sama (Indonesia) USE Nzakara USE Bajau Sakata Sama Abaknon Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Abaknon (Bantu (Other)) Sama Bangingi Saker USE Balangingi USE Mugil Sama Mapun Sakha USE Jama Mapun USE Yakut Sama Pangutaran Salampasu USE Pangutaran Sama Assigned collective code [bnt] Sama Sibutu (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [phi] UF Chisalampasu (Philippine (Other)) Salar UF Sibutu Sama Assigned collective code [tut] Southern Sama (Altaic (Other)) Samar-Leyte Saliba (Colombia and Venezuela) USE Waray USE Saliva Samaritan Aramaic [sam] Salish Samaron Assigned collective code [sal] USE Waray (Salishan languages) Sambal Botolan USE Botolan Sambal

page 124 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Sambali Sanga Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Philippine (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) UF Zambal UF Luba, Southern Sambali Botolan Southern Luba USE Botolan Sambal Sangen Sambalpuri Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [ori] (Austronesian (Other)) (Oriya) Sangihe Samburu USE Sangir (Indonesia and Philippines) Assigned collective code [ssa] Sangil (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Sami [smi] (Austronesian (Other)) UF Lapp UF Sangire Sami, Inari Sangir (Indonesia and Philippines) USE Inari Sami Assigned collective code [map] Sami, Lule (Austronesian (Other)) USE Lule Sami UF Sangihe Sami, Northern Sangire USE Northern Sami USE Sangil Sami, Skolt Sango (Ubangi Creole) [sag] USE Skolt Sami Sanja Sami, Southern USE Damana USE Southern Sami Sanskrit [san] Samo (West Africa) Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [afa] Vedic (Afiroasiatic (Other)) Santali [sat] Samo (Western Province, Papua New UF Sonthal Guinea) Santee Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [dak] (Papuan (Other)) (Dakota) UF Supei Santu Samoan [smo] USE Ntaandu Samtao Sanwi USE Blang Assigned collective code [nic] San Basilio del Palenque Spanish Creole (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [crp] Saora (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) USE Sora UF Palenquero (Colombia) Saposa Spanish Creole, San Basilio del Assigned collective code [map] Palenque (Austronesian (Other)) San languages Saqdab Toraja Assigned collective code [khi] USE Toraja Sa'dan (Khoisan (Other)) Sara UF Bushman languages Assigned collective code [ssa] San Miguel Acatan Kanjobal (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Akatek UF Majingai-Ngama Sandawe [sad] Sara Dai UF Kissandaui USE Day (Chad) Wassandaui Sara Gambai USE Gambai

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 125 Name Sequence

Sara-Majingai Sawos USE Majingai Assigned collective code [paa] Sara Mbai (Moissala) (Papuan (Other)) USE Mbai (Moissala) UF Tshwosh Sara Ngama Sawu USE Ngama Assigned collective code [map] Sara Toumak (Austronesian (Other)) USE Tumak UF Havunese Saraiki Hawu USE Siraiki Sabu Saraka Savu USE Tharaka Saxon, Old Sarakole USE Old Saxon USE Soninke Sayaco Saramaccan USE Amahuaca Assigned collective code [cpe] Sazek (Creoles and Pidgins, USE Sedik English-based (Other)) Sbalti Sarangani Manobo USE Balti Assigned collective code [mno] Scots [sco] (Manobo languages) UF Lallans UF Culamanes Lowland Scots Kulaman Scottish Gaelic [gla] Sardinian [srd] UF Gaelic (Scots) Samami Hindi Sea Dyak USE Suriname Hindustani USE Iban Sarsi Sea Islands Creole Assigned collective code [ath] Assigned collective code [cpe] (Athapascan (Other)) (Creoles and Pidgins, Sasak [sas] English-based (Other)) Satere UF Geechee USE Maue Gullah Saulteaux Sea Samal USE Ojibwa USE Balangingi r SaurasenI Sebondoy Assigned collective code [pra] USE Camsa (Prakrit languages) Sebuano Saurashtri USE Cebuano Assigned collective code [guj] Sechelt (Gujarati) Assigned collective code [sal] Savara (Salishan languages) USE Sora UF Seshelt Savu Sechuana USE Sawu USE Tswana Sawara Secoya USE Sora Assigned collective code [sai] Sawiyanu (South American Indian USE Ama (Papua New Guinea) (Other)) Sedang Assigned collective code [mkh] (Mon-Khmer (Other))

page 126 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Sedik Senari Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [nic] (Austronesian (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) UF Sazek UF Senufo Seedik Seneca Shedekka Assigned collective code [iro] Seedik (Iroquoian (Other)) USE Sedik Senhadja Sekani-Beaver USE Zenaga Assigned collective code [ath] Senoi (Athapascan (Other)) USE Semai Selepet Senoic languages Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [mkh] (Papuan (Other)) (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Selkup [sel] UF Aslian languages, Central UF Ostiak Samoyed Central Aslian languages Semai Sakai languages Assigned collective code [mkh] Sentani (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Central Sakai (Papuan (Other)) Sakai, Central Senufo Senoi USE Senari Semana Senya USE Sumbawa Assigned collective code [nic] Semang (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [mkh] Sepedi (Mon-Khmer (Other)) USE Northern Sotho UF Kensiu Serawai Ngok Pa Assigned collective code [map] Semendo (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Serbian [see] (Austronesian (Other)) Serer [srr] Semitic (Other) [sem] Seri Collective code for: Assigned collective code [cai] Ammonite (Central American Indian (Other)) Canaanite Serian Eblaite USE Bukar Sadong Gurage languages Seshelt Harari USE Sechelt Inor Sesuto Jibbali USE Sotho Mahri Seto Mandean USE Setu Sabaean Setswana South Arabic USE Tswana Zway Setu Sena Assigned collective code [est] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Estonian) (Bantu (Other)) UF Seto

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 127 Name Sequence

Seychellois French Creole Shi Assigned collective code [cpf] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Creoles and Pidgins, (Bantu (Other)) French-based (Other)) UF Mashi UF French Creole, Seychellois Nyabungu Sgaw Karen Shilha Assigned collective code (kar] Assigned collective code [her] (Karen languages) (Berber (Other)) Shambala UF Chleuh Assigned collective code [bnt] Solha (Bantu (Other)) Tachelhait Shan [shn] Tashelhiyt Shan, Yunnanese Shilha, Northern USE Tai Niia USE Rif Shangaan Shimacu USE Tsonga USE Urarina Shapra Shimaore USE Candoshi Assigned collective code [bnt] Sharanahua (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Mahorais (South American Indian Shimbogedu (Other)) USE Diriku UF Chandinahua Shina Marinahua Assigned collective code [inc] Sharpa (Indie (Other)) USE Sherpa UF Sheena Shavante Akwe Sina USE Xavante Shipibo-Conibo Shawnee Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [alg] (South American Indian (Algonquian (Other)) (Other)) Shedekka UF Conibo USE Sedik Sipibo Sheena Shironga USE Shina USE Ronga Shelta Shitswa Assigned collective code [mis] USE Tswa (Miscellaneous languages) Shona [sna] Sheminawa UF China (Africa) USE Cashinawa Mashona Sherbro Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [nic] Karanga (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Zezuru UF Bullom, Southern Shona, Southeastern Southern Bullom USE Ndau Sherpa Shor Assigned collective code [tib] Assigned collective code [tut] (Tibetan) (Altaic (Other)) UF Sharpa Shosho Shetimasha USE Birom USE Chitimacha

page 128 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Shoshoni Sigi Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [map] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) Shuar UF Idja Assigned collective code [sai] Sight (South American Indian (Other)) USE Kopagmiut UF Jibaro, Shuar Sign languages [sgn] Jivaro, Shuar Collective code for: Xivaro, Shuar American Sign Language Shughni Australasian Signed English Assigned collective code [ira] British Sign Language (Iranian (Other)) Mauritian Sign Language Shuli Quebec Sign Language USE Acoli Sikka Shuswap Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [sal] (Austronesian (Other)) (Salishan languages) Sikkim Bhotia Si-hia USE Danjong-ka USE Tangut Sikkimese Siamese USE Danjong-ka USE Thai Sikololo Siane USE Lozi Assigned collective code [paa] Siksika [bla] (Papuan (Other)) UF Blackfoot Siberian Yupik Sikuani USE Yuit USE Sicuane Sibo Siladang Assigned collective code [tut] Assigned collective code [map] (Altaic (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Xive Simacu Sibondoy USE Urarina USE Camsa Simba Sibutu Sama USE Himba USE Sama Sibutu Simelungun Sichuan Yi [iii] Assigned collective code [btk] UF Yi, Sichuan (Batak) Sicilian Italian [sen] Simirenchi UF Italian, Sicilian USE Chontaquiro Sicuane Sina Assigned collective code [sai] USE Shina (South American Indian (Other)) Sinagoro UF Sikuani Assigned collective code [map] Sidamo [sid] (Austronesian (Other)) Sie Sinama, Northern USE Eromanga USE Balangingi Sierra Popoluca Sindangan Subanun Assigned collective code [cai] USE Central Subanen (Central American Indian (Other)) Sindebele UF Highland Popoluca USE Ndebele (Zimbabwe) Popoluca, Highland Popoluca of Vera Cruz

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 129 Name Sequence

Sindhi [snd] Sino-Tibetan (Other) (Continued) Also collective code for: Lopa Kachchhi Magar Sindhi, Siraiki Miju USE Siraiki Sindhi Mikir Singpho Mishmi Assigned collective code [sit] Moklum (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Monpa Sinhalese [sin] Mun Chin Sino-Tibetan (Other) [sit] Naga languages Collective code for: Naxi Abor Nocte Achang Padam Angami Paite Ao Rabha Apatani Rawang Arakanese Rongmei Bai (China) Singpho Balti Sunwar Bantawa Tamang Baram Tamu Bodo Tangkhul Chamling Tangsa Chang Tangut Chepang Tenyidie Chinbon Thado Chino Thakali Dafla Thami Danjong-ka Thulung Digaro Tiddim Chin Dimasa Vaiphei Dungan Wambule Gallong Yao (Southeast Asia) Garo Yi Gurung Zang Zung Haka Chin Sio Jero Assigned collective code [map] Kabui (Austronesian (Other)) Kaw Siocan Subanon Khaling USE Western Subanon Khiamniungan Siona Kok Borok USE Sioni Konyak Sioni Kuki Assigned collective code [sai] Kusunda (South American Indian Ladakhi (Other)) Lahu UF Siona Laizo (Burma) Lepcha Limbu Lisu

page 130 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Siouan (Other) [sio] Sissala Collective code for: Assigned collective code [nic] Biloxi (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Chi were Sissano Crow Assigned collective code [map] Dhegiha (Austronesian (Other)) Hidatsa Siswati Mandan USE Swazi Ofo Siti Omaha USE Vagala Oto Siwai Tutelo Assigned collective code [paa] Winnebago (Papuan (Other)) Woccon UF Motuna Sioux Skittagetan USE Dakota USE Haida Sipibo Skolt Sami [sms] USE Shipibo-Conibo UF Lapp, Russian Siraiki Russian Lapp Assigned collective code [lah] Sami, Skolt (Lahnda) Skwamish UF Lahnda, Southern USE Squawmish Multani Slave [den] Panjabi, Southern Slavic (Other) [sla] Saraiki Collective code for: Southern Lahnda Belarusian, Old (to 1700) Southern Panjabi Cakavian Siraiki Hindkl Carpatho-Rusyn Assigned collective code [lah] Czech, Old (to 1500) (Lahnda) Polabian UF Siraiki Lahndi Russian, Old (to 1300) Siraiki Lahndi Ukrainian, Old (ca. 1300-1700) USE Siraiki Hindkl Slavonic, Old Church Siraiki SindhI USE Church Slavic Assigned collective code [lah] Slovak [slo] (Lahnda) Slovenian [slv] UF Sindhi Siraiki UF Windic (Slovenian) Siriano Slovenian, Old Assigned collective code [sai] USE Church Slavic (South American Indian (Other)) Sobei UF Chiranga Assigned collective code [map] Sirinek (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [ypk] Sochile (Yupik languages) USE Ngonde Siroi Soembawa Assigned collective code [paa] USE Sumbawa (Papuan (Other)) Sogdian [sog] UF Pasa Soghaua Suroi USE Zaghawa Soke USE Zoque

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 131 Name Sequence

Sokop Sorko Assigned collective code [map] USE Bozo (Austronesian (Other)) Sorogo Sokte USE Bozo USE Tiddim Chin Soso Solha USE Susu USE Shilha Sotho [sot] Somali [som] UF Sesuto Somba Southern Sotho Assigned collective code [nic] Suto (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Sotho, Northern UF Betammadibe USE Northern Sotho Ditammari Soubiya Tamaba USE Subiya Sona (Papua New Guinea) South American Indian (Other) [sai] Assigned collective code [paa] Collective code for: (Papuan (Other)) Achagua UF Kanasi Achuar Songe Aguaruna USE Songye Alacaluf Songhai Amahuaca Also collective code for: Amuesha Dendi Andoque Zarma Apalai Songye Arabela Assigned collective code [bnt] Araona (Bantu (Other)) Arecuna UF Songe Arekena Soninke [snk] Bakairi UF Sarakole Baniwa Sonsorol-Tobi Barasana del Norte Assigned collective code [map] Barasana del Sur (Austronesian (Other)) Bora UF Tobi Bororo (Brazil) Sonthal Cacua USE Santali Caduveo Sooloo Caingua USE Sulu Callahuaya Sora Campa Assigned collective code [mun] Camsa (Munda (Other)) Canamari (Tucanoan) UF Sahara Canari Saora Candoshi Savara Canella Sawara Capanahua Sorbian (Other) [wen] Caquinte UF Wendic (Other) Caraja Sorbian, Lower Carapana (Tucanoan) USE Lower Sorbian Cashibo Sorbian, Upper Cashinawa USE Upper Sorbian Catio

page 132 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

South American Indian (Other) (Continued) South American Indian (Other) (Continued) Cauqui Kaingang Cavineho Kariri Cayapa Karitiana Cayapo Lengua Chacobo Lule Chamacoco Maca Chami Machiguenga Chamicuro Macuna Chayahuita Macusi Chimane Mamainde Chipaya Masacali Chiquito Mascoi Cholon Mashco Chontaquiro Mataco Choroti Maue Chulupi Mayoruna Cocama Moguex Cofan Mojo Colorado Moro (South America) Coreguaje Moseten Cuaiquer Motilon Cubeo Muinane Cuiba Munduruku Culina Munkti Cumana Murui Cuna Nambicuara Damana Nomatsiguenga Desana Ocaina Emerillon Orejon Epena Saija Paez Ese Ejja Palicur Fulnio Pamoa Gaviao (Para, Brazil) Panare Goajiro Panobo Guahibo Paraujano Guanano Paressi Guarayo Patamona Guayabero Pemon Guayaki Piapoco Hixkaryana Piaroa Huambisa Pilaga Huao Piratapuyo lea Puinave Ipurina Puquina Iquito Purupuru Itonama Resigero Jaminaua Rikbaktsa Jaruara Saliva Jupda Secoya Sharanahua Kagaba

page 133 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

South American Indian (Other) (Continued) Southeastern Pomo Shipibo-Conibo Assigned collective code [nai] Shuar (North American Indian Sicuane (Other)) Sioni UF Pomo, Southeastern Siriano Southern Altai Tacana (Bolivia) USE Altai Tanimuca-Retuama Southern Barasano Tapirape USE Barasana del Sur Tariana Southern Bontoc Tenetehara Assigned collective code [phi] Tenharim (Philippine (Other)) Toba (Indian) UF Barlig Bontoc Trio Bontoc, Southern Tucano Kadaklan Barlig Bontoc Tucuna Southern Bullom Tunebo USE Sherbro Tuyuca Southern Lahnda Urarina USE Siraiki Uru Southern Lendu Urubu USE Ngiti Vilela Southern Luba Waiwai USE Sanga Warao Southern Mofu Waunana Assigned collective code [afa] Wayampi (Afroasiatic (Other)) Witoto UF Mofu, Southern Xavante Mofu-Gudur Yagua Southern Paiute Yahgan Assigned collective code [cai] Yanomamo (Central American Indian Yaruro (Other)) Yecuana UF Paiute, Southern Yucuna Southern Panjabi Yunca USE Siraiki Yupa Southern Sama Yuruti USE Sama Sibutu Zoro Southern Sami [sma] South Arabic UF Sami, Southern Assigned collective code [sem] Southern Sotho (Semitic (Other)) USE Sotho UF Arabic, South Southern Subanen South Island Maori Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [mao] (Philippine (Other)) (Maori) UF Lapuyan Subanen UF Maori, South Island Margosatubig Subanun South Mbundu Subanen, Southern USE Umbundu South Toraja USE Toraja Sa'dan

page 134 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Southern Thai Suau Assigned collective code [tai] Assigned collective code [map] (Tai (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Pak Thai Suay Thai, Southern USE Kui (Mon-Khmer) Southern Tutchone Sub-Saharan African (Other) Assigned collective code [ath] USE Nilo-Saharan (Other) (Athapascan (Other)) Subanen, Central UF Tutchone, Southern USE Central Subanen Soyot Subanen, Southern USE Tuvinian USE Southern Subanen Spanish [spa] Subano UF Castilian USE Subanun Chicano Subanon, Western Also collective code for: USE Western Subanon Cheso Subanun Spanish, Aragonese Assigned collective code [phi] USE Aragonese Spanish (Philippine (Other)) Spanish, Old (to 1500) UF Subano Assigned collective code [roa] Subanun, Sindangan (Romance (Other)) USE Central Subanen UF Old Spanish Subarian Spanish Creole, San Basilio del Palenque USE Human USE San Basilio del Palenque Spanish Subiya Creole Assigned collective code [bnt] Squawmish (Bantu (Other)) Assigned collective code [sal] UF cilkuhane (Salishan languages) Ikuhane UF Skwamish Soubiya Sranan [srn] Sudest UF Taki-Taki USE Tagula Sre Suena Assigned collective code [mkh] Assigned collective code [paa] (Mon-Khmer (Other)) (Papuan (Other)) Ssimaku UF Yarawe USE Huambisa Yema Stalo Sugpiak Eskimo Assigned collective code [sal] USE Pacific Gulf Yupik (Salishan languages) Suk UF Halkomelem Assigned collective code [ssa] Stieng (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Assigned collective code [mkh] UF Pokot (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Suk (Eskimo) Suabo USE Pacific Gulf Yupik USE Inanwatan Suku (Congo) Suai Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Kui (Mon-Khmer) (Bantu (Other)) Suaru Sukuma [suk] USE Tani UF Gwe (Tanzania)

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 135 Name Sequence

Sulka Suto Assigned collective code [paa] USE Sotho (Papuan (Other)) Suwawa Sulod Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [phi] (Austronesian (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) UF Bunda (Indonesia) UF Mundu (Philippines) Svan Sulu Assigned collective code [cau] Assigned collective code [phi] (Caucasian (Other)) (Philippine (Other)) Swahili [swa] UF Joloano Also collective code for: Moro Kae Sooloo Kingwana Sumba Swazi [ssw] Assigned collective code [map] UF Siswati (Austronesian (Other)) Swedish [swe] Sumba, West Swedish, Old (to 1550) USE Wewewa Assigned collective code [gem] Sumbawa (Germanic (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Old Swedish (Austronesian (Other)) Swedish Lapp UF Semana USE Lule Sami Soembawa Swiss German [gsw] Sumerian [sux] UF German, Swiss Sumo Sye Assigned collective code [cai] USE Eromanga (Central American Indian Sym-Ketish (Other)) USE Yugh Sundanese [sun] Syriac [syc] Sunwar UF Classical Syriac Assigned collective code [sit] Syriac, Modern [syr] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) UF Neo-Syriac Supei Syryenian USE Samo (Western Province, Papua USE Komi New Guinea) Ta River Van Kieu Suriname Hindustani USE Katu Assigned collective code [inc] Taba (Indie (Other)) USE East Makian UF Aili-Gaili Tabasaran Hindustani, Suriname Assigned collective code [cau] Samami Hindi (Caucasian (Other)) Suroi Tabla USE Siroi Assigned collective code [paa] Sursurunga (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Tanahmerah (Northeast Irian (Austronesian (Other)) Jaya) Susian Tacana (Bolivia) USE Elamite Assigned collective code [sai] Susu [sus] (South American Indian UF Soso (Other))

page 136 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Tachelhait Tai (Other) (Continued) USE Shilha Tho Tadzhik White Tai USE Tajik Ya Tae' Tai, Black USE Toraja Sa'dan USE Black Tai Tagabili Tai, White USE Tboli USE White Tai Tagakaolo Tai Chung Assigned collective code [phi] USE Ya (Philippine (Other)) Tai Dam UF Kalagan, Tagakaolo USE Black Tai Tagalog [tgl] Tai Khun UF Filipino (Tagalog) USE Khun Pilipino Tai Lii Tagbana USE Lti Assigned collective code [nic] Tai Noir (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Black Tai Tagbanua Tai Niia Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [tai] (Philippine (Other)) (Tai (Other)) UF Aborlan Tagbanwa UF Dai Na Apurahuano Dehong Dai Tagbo Shan, Yunnanese USE Mambila Tay Niia Tagish Te-hung Tai Assigned collective code [ath] Yunnanese Shan (Athapascan (Other)) Tai Ya Tagula USE Ya Assigned collective code [map] Tairora (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Sudest (Papuan (Other)) Tahitian [tah] Taita Tahltan Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [ath] (Bantu (Other)) (Athapascan (Other)) UF Sagalla Tai (Other) [tai] Teita Collective code for: Tajik [tgk] Ahom UF Tadzhik Be Tak Meo Black Tai USE Hmong Njua Bouyei Taki-Taki Cao Lan USE Sranan Dong (China) Takudh Khun USE Gwich'in Lu Takulli Lungming USE Carrier Northern Thai Talaing Southern Thai USE Mon Tai Niia Talaoed Tay-Nung USE Talaud

page 137 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Talaud Tanga (Tanga Islands) Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [map] (Austronesian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Talaoed Tangkhul Talinga-Bwisi Assigned collective code [sit] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) UF Thankhul UF Bwisi-Talinga Tangsa Kitalinga Assigned collective code [sit] Talysh (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [ira] UF Tengsa (Iranian (Other)) Tangut Tamaba Assigned collective code [sit] USE Somba (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Tamainde UF Hsi-hsia USE Mamainde Si-hia Tamang Xixia Assigned collective code [sit] Tani (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Murmi (Papuan (Other)) Tamashek [tmh] UF Miami (Papua New Guinea) UF Tuareg Miani Tamazight Suaru Assigned collective code [ber] Tanimuca-Retuama (Berber (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] Tamboka (South American Indian USE Tumbuka (Other)) Tame UF Letuana USE Tunebo Retuara Tamil [tam] Ufaina Tamprusi Yahuna USE Tampulma Tannu-Tuva Tampulma USE Tuvinian Assigned collective code [nic] Tanudan Kalinga, Lower (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Lower Tanudan Kalinga UF Tamprusi Tapirape Tamu Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [sit] (South American Indian (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) (Other)) Tamuan Taposa Assigned collective code [map] USE Toposa (Austronesian (Other)) Tara Baaka Tanacross USE Baka Assigned collective code [ath] Tarahumara (Athapascan (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Tanahmerah (Northeast Irian Jaya) (Central American Indian USE Tabla (Other)) Tanaina UF Raramuri USE Dena'ina Tarang Tanana, Upper USE Blagar USE Upper Tanana

page 138 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Taraon Tay-Nung USE Digaro Assigned collective code [tai] Tarascan (Tai (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Tayal (Central American Indian (Other)) USE Atayal UF Michoacana Taying Phurhembe USE Digaro Purepecha Tboli Tariana Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [sai] (Philippine (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Tagabili Tarifit Tiboli USE Rif Tchetchen Tat USE Chechen Assigned collective code [ira] Tchien (Iranian (Other)) Assigned collective code [kro] Tashelhiyt (Kru (Other)) USE Shilha UF Gien Tatar [tat] Kien Tatar, Crimean Tie USE Crimean Tatar Tchikai Tatutapuyo USE Burarra USE Pamoa Tchuktchi Taungthu USE Chukchi Assigned collective code [kar] Te-hung Tai (Karen languages) USE Tai Nua UF Pa-o Tebakang Tausug USE Bukar Sadong Assigned collective code [phi] Tebele (Philippine (Other)) USE Ndebele (Zimbabwe) Tauya Teco (Cuitlateco) Assigned collective code [paa] USE Cuitlateco (Papuan (Other)) Teco (Mayan) UF Inafosa USE Tectiteco Tavara (Papua New Guinea) Teco (Tupi) Assigned collective code [map] USE Emerillon (Austronesian (Other)) Tectiteco UF Kehelala Assigned collective code [myn] Tawala (Mayan languages) Taven UF Teco (Mayan) USE Kaingang Teda Tavgi Assigned collective code [ssa] USE Nganasan (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Tawala UF Toda (Africa) USE Tavara (Papua New Guinea) Toubou Tawoyan Tubu Assigned collective code [map] Tuda (Africa) (Austronesian (Other)) Teduray Tay Nua USE Tiruray USE Tai Nua

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 139 Name Sequence

Teen Tenda Assigned collective code [nic] USE Bedik (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Tenetehara Teita Assigned collective code [sai] USE Taita (South American Indian Tejano (Other)) USE Coahuilteco UF Asurini Tejuka Guajajara USE Tuyuca Tembe Teke Tenggarong Assigned collective code [bnt] USE Kutai (Bantu (Other)) Tengsa UF Balali USE Tangsa Ilali Tenharim Itio Assigned collective code [sai] Lali (South American Indian Telefol (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] Tenyidie (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sit] Telegu (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Telugu Teop Telei Assigned collective code [map] USE Buin (Austronesian (Other)) Teleut UF Tiop Assigned collective code [tut] Tepehuan (Altaic (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Telugu [tel] (Central American Indian UF Andhra (Other)) Gentoo UF O'dam Telegu Tepera Tem Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [nic] (Papuan (Other)) (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Tepo UF Cotocoli Assigned collective code [kro] Kotokoli (Kru (Other)) Tim UF Kroumen Tembe Tewi USE Tenetehara Tequistlateca Tembeta USE Chontal USE Chiriguano Tera Tembo (Sud-Kivu, Congo) Assigned collective code [afa] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Affoasiatic (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Terena [ter] UF KiTembo Teribe Temiar USE Terraba Assigned collective code [mkh] Ternate (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Northern Sakai (Papuan (Other)) Sakai, Northern Temne [tem] UF Timne

page 140 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Terraba Tharaka Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) UF Teribe UF Saraka Tirribi Tharrkari Teso Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [ssa] (Australian languages) (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) UF Dhargari UF Ateso Thimbukushu Iteso USE Mbukushu Tete Thlingchadinne USE Nyungwe USE Dogrib Tete-de-Boule Tho USE Atikamekw Assigned collective code [tai] Tetela (Tai (Other)) Assigned collective code [bnt] Thompson (Bantu (Other)) USE Ntlakyapamuk Teton Thonga USE Lakota USE Tsonga Tetum [tet] Thulung UF Belu Assigned collective code [sit] Teu (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Katu Tiapaneco Tewa USE Tlapanec Assigned collective code [cai] Tiatinagua (Central American Indian (Other)) USE Ese Ejja Tewi Tibetan [tib] USE Tepo UF Bhotanta Thado Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [sit] Helambu Sherpa (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Kagate Thai [tha] Sherpa UF Siamese Tiboli Thai, Northern USE Tboli USE Northern Thai Ticuna Thai, Southern USE Tucuna USE Southern Thai Tiddim Chin Thakali Assigned collective code [sit] Assigned collective code [sit] (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) UF Chin, Tiddim Thami Kamhau Assigned collective code [sit] Sokte (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Tidore Thangatti Assigned collective code [map] USE Dhungutti (Austronesian (Other)) Thankhul Tie USE Tangkhul USE Tchien Thap Tifal USE Katu Assigned collective code [paa] (Papuan (Other)) Tigre [tig]

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 141 Name Sequence

Tigrina Tiriki USE Tigrinya Assigned collective code [bnt] Tigrinya [tir] (Bantu (Other)) UF Tigrina Tiriyo Tna USE Trio Tikar Tirribi Assigned collective code [nic] USE Terraba (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Tiruray Tikopia Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [map] (Philippine (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Teduray Tim Titinec USE Tem USE West Makian Timbe Tiv [tiv] Assigned collective code [paa] Tiwi (Australia) (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Timne (Australian languages) USE Temne Tjamoro Timor USE Chamorro Assigned collective code [map] Tjaru (Austronesian (Other)) USE Djaru UF Atoni Tjimba Timorese USE Himba Timorese Tjingili USE Timor USE Djingili Timputs Tjuave USE Tinputz USE Chuave Timucua Tlahuica Assigned collective code [nai] USE Ocuiltec (North American Indian Tlakluit (Other)) Assigned collective code [nai] Timugon (North American Indian Assigned collective code [map] (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) UF Echeloot Tina Sambal Wishram Assigned collective code [phi] TIapanec (Philippine (Other)) Assigned collective code [cai] Tinata Tuna (Central American Indian USE Tolai (Other)) Tinputz UF Chocho (TIapanec) Assigned collective code [map] Tiapaneco (Austronesian (Other)) Tlingit [tli] UF Timputs UF Koluschan Vasuii Also collective code for: Wasoi Tongass Tiop Tna USE Teop USE Tigrinya Tipura Toaripi USE Kok Borok Assigned collective code [paa] Tirhutia (Papuan (Other)) USE Maithili UF Motumotu

page 142 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Toba (Indian) Tolai Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [map] (South American Indian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) Toba-Batak UF Blanche Bay Assigned collective code [btk] Gunantuna (Batak) Kuanua Toba-Emok New Britain USE Mascoi Raluana Tobelo Tinata Tuna Assigned collective code Ipaa] Tuna (Papuan (Other)) Tolaki Tobi Assigned collective code [map] USE Sonsorol-Tobi (Austronesian (Other)) Tobote UF Kendari Assigned collective code [nic] Toolaki (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Tolou UF Basari (Togo and Ghana) USE Tondano Toda (Africa) Tolour USE Teda USE Tondano Toda (India) Tombo Assigned collective code [dra] USE Dogon (Dravidian (Other)) Tombulu UF Tuda (India) Assigned collective code [map] Tofingbe (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [nic] UF Toumbulu (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Tondano Tohono O'odham Assigned collective code [map] Assigned collective code [cai] (Austronesian (Other)) (Central American Indian (Other)) UF Tolou UF Papago Tolour Tojolabal Tong (China) Assigned collective code [myn] USE Dong (China) (Mayan languages) Tonga (Inhambane) UF Chanabal Assigned collective code [bnt] Tok Pisin [tpi] (Bantu (Other)) UF Neo-Melanesian UF Gitonga Pisin Tonga (Nyasa) [tog] Tokelauan [tkl] Tonga (Tonga Islands) Tokharian USE Tongan Assigned collective code [ine] Tonga (Tsonga) (Indo-European (Other)) USE Tsonga UF Kuchean Tonga (Zambezi) Turfanish Assigned collective code [bnt] Tol (Bantu (Other)) USE Jicaque Tongan [ton] UF Tonga (Tonga Islands) Tongass Assigned collective code [tli] (Tlingit) Tonican USE Tunica

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 143 Name Sequence

Tonkawa Toumak Assigned collective code [nai] USE Tumak (North American Indian Toumbulu (Other)) USE Tombulu Tonsea Toura Assigned collective code [map] USE Tura (Austronesian (Other)) Toussia Toolaki USE Tusia USE Tolaki Transvaal Ndebele Tooro USE Ndebele (South Africa) Assigned collective code [bnt] Transvaal Sotho (Bantu (Other)) USE Northern Sotho UF Toro Traw Toposa USE Cua Assigned collective code [ssa] Trio (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Abo (Sudan) (South American Indian Akeroa (Other)) Dabossa UF Tiriyo Huma (Sudan) Tripuri Kare (Sudan) USE Kok Borok Khumi (Sudan) Trique Taposa Assigned collective code [cai] Toradja (Central American Indian USE Toraja (Other)) Toraja Trobriand Assigned collective code [map] USE Kiriwinian (Austronesian (Other)) Truk UF Toradja USE Chuukese Toraja Sa'dan Tsacela Assigned collective code [map] USE Colorado (Austronesian (Other)) Tsaga UF Sadan (Indonesia) USE Enga Saqdab Toraja Tsakhur South Toraja Assigned collective code [cau] Tae' (Caucasian (Other)) Torbi Tsattine USE Mambila Assigned collective code [ath] Toro (Athapascan (Other)) USE Tooro Tschagatai Torrupan USE Chagatai USE Jicaque Tschagga Totonac USE Chaga Assigned collective code [cai] Tseltal (Central American Indian USE Tzeltal (Other)) Tsez Toubou USE Dido USE Teda Tshi Toucouleur USE Twi USE Pular Tshivenda USE Venda

page 144 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Tshwa Tuamotuan USE Tswa Assigned collective code [map] Tshwosh (Austronesian (Other)) USE Sawos UF Paumotu Tsilkotin Tuareg USE Chilcotin USE Tamashek Tsimane Tuba USE Chimane USE Tuvinian Tsimihety Tubetube Assigned collective code [mlg] Assigned collective code [map] (Malagasy) (Austronesian (Other)) Tsimshian [tsi] Tubu UF ZimshTan USE Teda Tsiripa Tuburi USE Chiripa USE Tupuri Tsogo Tticano Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [sai] (Bantu (Other)) (South American Indian (Other)) UF Apindji UF Dagsexe Mitsogo Dase Tsolyani (Artificial language) Tukano Assigned collective code [art] Iticuna (Artificial (Other)) Assigned collective code [sai] Tsonga [tso] (South American Indian (Other)) UF Changana UF Ticuna Gwamba Tuda (Africa) Shangaan USE Teda Thonga Tuda (India) Tonga (Tsonga) USE Toda (India) Xitsonga Tukano Tsova-Tush USE Tucano USE Bats Tukolor Tswa USE Pular Assigned collective code [bnt] Tukudh (Bantu (Other)) USE Gwich'in UF Kitswa lulu Shitswa Assigned collective code [dra] Tshwa (Dravidian (Other)) Xitswa Tumak Tswana [tsn] Assigned collective code [afa] UF Bechuana (Afroasiatic (Other)) Chuana UF Maga Coana Sara Toumak Cuana Toumak Cwana Tumbuka [turn] Sechuana UF Tamboka Setswana Tiimpisa Tu USE Panamint USE Mongour Tuna USE Tolai

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 145 Name Sequence

Tunebo Turkana Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [ssa] (South American Indian (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) (Other)) Turki, Eastern UF Pedraza USE Uighur Tame Turkic, Old Tunen USE Old Turkic Assigned collective code [bnt] Turkish [tur] (Bantu (Other)) Turkish, Crimean UF Banen USE Crimean Tatar T‘ung Turkish, Old (to 1500) USE Dong (China) Assigned collective code [tut] Tungak (Altaic (Other)) USE Lavongai UF Anatolian Turkish, Old Tungus Old Anatolian Turkish USE Evenki Old Ottoman Turkish Tunica Old Turkish Assigned collective code [nai] Ottoman Turkish, Old (North American Indian Turkish, Ottoman [ota] (Other)) UF Osmanli UF YoronYuron Ottoman Turkish Yoron Turkmen [tuk] Yuron UF Turkoman Tunni Turko-Bulgarian Assigned collective code [cus] USE Bulgaro-Turkic (Cushitic (Other)) Turko-Tataric (Other) Tunumiisut USE Altaic (Other) USE Ammassalimiut Turkoman Tupi USE Turkmen Assigned collective code [tup] Tuscarora (Tupi languages) Assigned collective code [iro] UF Neengatu (Iroquoian (Other)) Tupi languages [tup] Tush Also collective code for: USE Bats Parintintin Tusia Tupi Assigned collective code [nic] Tupuri (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [afa] UF Toussia (Afroasiatic (Other)) Tuski UF Ndore USE Chukchi Tuburi Tutchokue Tura USE Chokwe Assigned collective code [nic] Tutchone, Southern (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Southern Tutchone UF Toura Tutelo Turfanish Assigned collective code [sio] USE Tokharian (Siouan (Other)) Turijene’ Tuvaluan [tvl] USE Bajau UF Ellicean

page 146 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Tuvinian [tyv] Uanana UF Soyot USE Guanano Tannu-Tuva Uardai Tuba USE Orma Uriankhai Uarequena Tuwali USE Arekena Assigned collective code [phi] Ubani (Philippine (Other)) USE Ibani Tuwunro Ubykh Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [cau] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Caucasian (Other)) Tuyuca UF Oubykh Assigned collective code [sai] Ucayale (South American Indian (Other)) USE Cocama UF Dochkafuara Uchee Tejuka USE Yuchi Twi [twi] Udekhe UF Akuapem Assigned collective code [tut] Ashanti (Altaic (Other)) Chwee Udi Odschi Assigned collective code [cau] Tshi (Caucasian (Other)) Twi-Fante Udlam USE Akan USE Uldeme Tyamuhi Udmurt [udm] USE Camuhi UF Votiak Tyembara Votyak Assigned collective code [nic] Uduk (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [ssa] Tzeltal (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Assigned collective code [myn] Udzo (Mayan languages) USE Ijo UF Celdal Ufaina Tseltal USE Tanimuca-Retuama Zendal Ugalachmut Tzotzil USE Eyak Assigned collective code [myn] Ugaritic [uga] (Mayan languages) Uighur [uig] UF Chamula UF Eastern Turki Querene Kashgar-Yarkend Zotzil Turki, Eastern Tzutuhil Uigur Assigned collective code [myn] Uyghur (Mayan languages) Wighor UF Zutuhil Yarkend Uaiuai Uigur USE Waiwai USE Uighur Ualari Ukrainian [ukr] USE Yualyai Uallamo USE Wolayta

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 147 Name Sequence

Ukrainian, Old (ca. 1300-1700) Umpila Assigned collective code [sla] Assigned collective code [aus] (Slavic (Other)) (Australian languages) UF Old Ukrainian Umpqua, Lower Ulcha USE Kuitsh USE Olcha Unami jargon Uldeme Assigned collective code [crp] Assigned collective code [afa] (Creoles and Pidgins (Other)) (Afroasiatic (Other)) Undetermined [und] UF Ouldeme Ungarinjin Udlam USE Ngarinyin Uzan Uollaroi Uleai USE Yualyai USE Woleai Upper Asaro Ulithi USE Asaro Assigned collective code [map] Upper Bagobo (Austronesian (Other)) USE Manuvu Ulva Upper Circassian Assigned collective code [cai] USE Kabardian (Central American Indian Upper Musa (Other)) USE Aneme Wake UF Woolwa Upper Sorbian [hsb] Wulwa UF High Sorbian Uma Sorbian, Upper Assigned collective code [map] Upper Tanana (Austronesian (Other)) Assigned collective code [ath] UF Pipikoro (Athapascan (Other)) Umanakaina UF Tanana, Upper USE Gwedena Upper Umpqua Umbundu [umb] Assigned collective code [ath] UF Benguela (Athapascan (Other)) Mbundu (Benguela Province, Urak Lawoi’ Angola) Assigned collective code [map] Ovimbundu (Austronesian (Other)) Quimbundo (Benguela Province, UF Chao Le Angola) Orak Lawoi’ South Mbundu Orang Laut (Thailand and Umbundu [umb] Malaysia) UF Benguela Uraon Mbundu (Benguela Province, USE Kurukh Angola) Urarina Ovimbundu Assigned collective code [sai] Quimbundo (Benguela Province, (South American Indian Angola) (Other)) South Mbundu UF Itucale Umirey Agta Shimacu USE Dumagat (Umirey) Simacu Umirey Dumagat USE Dumagat (Umirey)

page 148 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Urartian Utlateca Assigned collective code [cau] USE Quiche (Caucasian (Other)) Uturupa UF Chaldean (Urartian) USE Usarufa Khaldian Uvean, East Vannic USE East Uvean Urdu [urd] Uyghur UF Moorish (India) USE Uighur Also collective code for: Uzan Dakhini USE Uldeme Urhobo Uzbek [uzb] Assigned collective code [nic] Uzbek, Old (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) USE Chagatai Uria Uzo USE Orya USE Ijo Uriankhai Vagala USE Tuvinian Assigned collective code [nic] Urii (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Kira (Papuan (Other)) Konosarola Uripiv Siti Assigned collective code [map] Vai [vai] (Austronesian (Other)) UF Vei Uru Vaiphei Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [sit] (South American Indian (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) UF Puquina (Uru) UF Bhaipei Urubu Veiphei Assigned collective code [sai] Valencian Catalan (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [cat] Urum (Catalan) USE Greek Tatar UF Catalan, Valencian Urunyoro Vannic USE Nyoro USE Urartian Uruund Vasuii USE Ruund USE Tinputz Usarufa Vatjan Assigned collective code [paa] USE Vo tic (Papuan (Other)) Veddah (Sinhalese) UF Usurufa Assigned collective code [inc] Uturupa (Indie (Other)) Usatl Vedic USE Ossetic Assigned collective code [san] Uspanteca (Sanskrit) Assigned collective code [myn] UF Indie, Old (Mayan languages) Old Indie Usurufa Vei USE Usarufa USE Vai Ute Veiphei Assigned collective code [cai] USE Vaiphei (Central American Indian (Other))

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 149 Name Sequence

Vela (Artificial language) Votyak Assigned collective code [art] USE Udmurt (Artificial (Other)) Vulgar Latin Venda [ven] USE Latin UF Tshivenda Wa Wenda Assigned collective code [mkh] Venetian Italian (Mon-Khmer (Other)) Assigned collective code [ita] Wa-jibi (Italian) USE Guahibo UF Italian, Venetian Waffa Venetic Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [ine] (Papuan (Other)) (Indo-European (Other)) Wagap Veps USE Camuhi Assigned collective code [fiu] Wagaya (Finno-Ugrian (Other)) USE Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) Vietnamese [vie] Waiapi UF Annamese USE Wayampi Vige Waidjewa Assigned collective code [nic] USE Wewewa (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Wailpi Vikol USE Adnyamathanha USE Bikol Wailu Vilela USE Ajie Assigned collective code [sai] Wain (South American Indian USE Nabak (Other)) Waiwai Viti Assigned collective code [sai] USE Fijian (South American Indian Viya (Other)) USE Geviya UF Uaiuai Vogul Wakashan languages [wak] USE Mansi Collective code for: Volapiik [vol] Bella Bella Volof Haisla USE Wolof Heiltsuk Vote Kwakiutl USE Votic Nitinat Votiak Nootka USE Udmurt Wakhi Votian Assigned collective code [ira] USE Votic (Iranian (Other)) Votic [vot] Walai UF Vatjan USE Masa (Chadic) Vote Walamo Votian USE Wolayta Votish Walapai Votish USE Hualapai USE Votic Walbiri Assigned collective code [aus] (Australian languages)

page 150 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Wallaroi Waorani USE Yualyai USE Huao Wallisian Wappo USE East Uvean Assigned collective code [nai] Walloon [win] (North American Indian (Other)) Walmajarri Warao Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [sai] (Australian languages) (South American Indian (Other)) Walser UF Guarauno Assigned collective code [gem] Warrau (Germanic (Other)) Waray [war] Walu UF Leytean USE Ngizim Samar-Leyte Walwen Samar on USE Kipchak Warday Wambisa USE Orma USE Huambisa Warekena Wambule USE Arekena Assigned collective code [sit] Warijio (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Guarijio Wampanoag Warrau Assigned collective code [alg] USE Warao (Algonquian (Other)) Warumungu Wampar Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [map] (Australian languages) (Austronesian (Other)) Washkuk Wanana Assigned collective code [paa] USE Guanano (Papuan (Other)) Wandala UF Kwoma Assigned collective code [afa] Washo [was] (Afroasiatic (Other)) Wasi UF Mandara Assigned collective code [paa] Wandamen (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] Wasoi (Austronesian (Other)) USE Tinputz UF Windesi Wassandaui Wondama USE Sandawe Wandarang Wastek Assigned collective code [aus] USE Huastec (Australian languages) Watapor UF Andarang USE Anggor Nawariyi Watoto Wan’guri USE Oto Assigned collective code [aus] Waunana (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [sai] UF Wonguri (South American Indian (Other)) Wanka UF Chanco USE Huanca Chocama Wantoat Noanama Assigned collective code [paa] Wawi (Papuan (Other)) USE Dida

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 151 Name Sequence

Wayampi Western Arrernte Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [aus] (South American Indian (Australian languages) (Other)) UF Aranda, Western UF Guayapi Arrernte, Western Oiampi Western Bontoc Waiapi USE Northern Kankanay Wayapi Western Bukidnon Manobo Wayao Assigned collective code [mno] USE Yao (Africa) (Manobo languages) Wayapi UF Bukidnon Manobo, Western USE Wayampi Central Manobo Wayunaiki Central Mindanao Manobo USE Goajiro Western Desert Wayuu Assigned collective code [aus] USE Goajiro (Australian languages) Welsh [wel] Western Eskimo languages UF Cymric USE Yupik languages Welsh, Middle (ca. 1100-1400) Western Kanjobal Assigned collective code [cel] USE Akatek (Celtic (Other)) Western Lao UF Middle Welsh (ca. 1100-1400) USE Northern Thai Welsh, Old (to 1100) Western Luba Assigned collective code [cel] USE Luba-Lulua (Celtic (Other)) Western Pahari UF Old Welsh (to 1100) USE Himachali Wenda Western Panjabi USE Venda USE Lahnda Wendic (Other) Western Subanon USE Sorbian (Other) Assigned collective code [phi] Were (Philippine (Other)) Assigned collective code [paa] UF Siocan Subanon (Papuan (Other)) Subanon, Western West Alaska Eskimo Western Yugur USE Central Yupik Assigned collective code [tut] West Circassian (Altaic (Other)) USE Adygei UF Yugur, Western West Frisian Wewewa USE Frisian Assigned collective code [map] West Futuna (Austronesian (Other)) USE Futuna-Aniwa UF Sumba, West West Makian Waidjewa Assigned collective code [paa] West Sumba (Papuan (Other)) White Hmong UF Desite Assigned collective code [hmn] Makian, West (Hmong) Titinec UF Hmong, White West Saxon Hmong Daw USE English, Old (ca. 450-1100) Hmoob Dawb West Sumba Miao, White USE Wewewa White Miao

page 152 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence White Miao Wiyot USE White Hmong Assigned collective code [nai] White Mountain Apache (North American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [apa] Wo (Apache languages) USE Bassari White Russian Wobe USE Belarusian Assigned collective code [kro] White Tai (Kru (Other)) Assigned collective code [tai] UF Ouobe (Tai (Other)) Woccon UF Tai, White Assigned collective code [sio] Wichita (Siouan (Other)) Assigned collective code [nai] Wogu (North American Indian (Other)) USE Bahinemo Wighor Woisika USE Uighur Assigned collective code [paa] Wik-Munkan (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Wolayta [wal] (Australian languages) UF Ometo UF Munggan Uallamo Wikchamni Walamo Assigned collective code [nai] Woleai (North American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [map] UF Wukchamni (Austronesian (Other)) Wimbum UF Uleai USE Limbum Wolio Windesi Assigned collective code [map] USE Wandamen (Austronesian (Other)) Windic (Slovenian) Wolof [wol] USE Slovenian UF Jaloof Winnebago Jolof Assigned collective code [sio] Ouolof (Siouan (Other)) Volof UF Hocak Yolof Wintu Also collective code for: Assigned collective code [nai] Lebou (North American Indian (Other)) Wondama Wira USE Wandamen USE Desana Wonguri Wiru USE Wan’guri Assigned collective code [paa] Woolwa (Papuan (Other)) USE Ulva Wishram Worora USE Tlakluit Assigned collective code [aus] Witoto (Australian languages) Assigned collective code [sai] Wotapuri-Katarqalai (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [inc] UF Huitoto (Indie (Other)) Wiwa UF Katarqalai USE Damana Wubuy USE Nunggubuyu

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 153 Name Sequence

Wukchamni !Xo USE Wikchamni Assigned collective code [khi] Wulwa (Khoisan (Other)) USE Ulva UF Gxon Wuna Hua-owani USE Muna !Ko (Botswana and Namibia) Wungarinjin Koon USE Ngarinyin Magong Wyandot !Xong (Botswana and Namibia) Assigned collective code [iro] !Xong (Botswana and Namibia) (Iroquoian (Other)) USE !Xo UF Huron Xosa Xakas USE Xhosa USE Khakass !Xu (!Kung) Xanty USE Ju/'hoan USE Khanty Ya Xaqas Assigned collective code [tai] USE Khakass (Tai (Other)) Xaracuu UF Tai Chung USE Anesu Tai Ya Xavante Yabim Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [map] (South American Indian (Austronesian (Other)) (Other)) UF Jabem UF Acuan-Shavante Yabiyufa Akwe-Shavante Assigned collective code [paa] Chavante Acuan (Papuan (Other)) Oti UF Jafijufa Shavante Akwe Yacouba Xhosa [xho] USE Dan (Cote d'Ivoire) UF isiXhosa Yagaria Kafir Assigned collective code [paa] Xosa (Papuan (Other)) Xicaque UF Frigano Jate USE Jicaque Kami (Papua New Guinea) Xironga Yagua USE Ronga Assigned collective code [sai] Xitsonga (South American Indian USE Tsonga (Other)) Xitswa UF Yegua USE Tswa Yahgan Xivaro, Shuar Assigned collective code [sai] USE Shuar (South American Indian Xive (Other)) USE Sibo UF Jagane Xixia Yahi USE Tangut Assigned collective code [nai] (North American Indian (Other)) Yahthe USE Fulnio

page 154 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Yahuna Yangoru USE Tanimuca-Retuama Assigned collective code [paa] Yaka (Cameroon and Central African Republic) (Papuan (Other)) USE Kako Yankton Yaka (Congo and Angola) Assigned collective code [dak] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Dakota) (Bantu (Other)) Yanomamo UF Iaka Assigned collective code [sai] Yakama (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [nai] Yanyuwa (North American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] UF Yakima (Australian languages) Yakan Yanzi Assigned collective code [phi] Assigned collective code [bnt] (Philippine (Other)) (Bantu (Other)) Yakima Yao (Africa) [yao] USE Yakama UF Adjaua Yako Ajawa Assigned collective code [nic] Ayo (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Chi-yao UF Ko Ciyao Luko Djao Yakut [sah] Hiao UF Jakut Wayao Sakha Yao (Southeast Asia) Yama Assigned collective code [sit] USE Kara (Central African Republic (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) and Sudan) UF Mien Yamalele Yaounde USE Iamalele USE Ewondo Yambo Yapese [yap] USE Anuak Yaqui Yamdena Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [map] (Central American Indian (Other)) (Austronesian (Other)) Yaracuu UF Jamdena USE Anesu Yamegi Yarawe USE Kara (Central African Republic and USE Suena Sudan) Yareba Yaminahua Assigned collective code [paa] USE Jaminaua (Papuan (Other)) Yana (Burkina Faso and Togo) Yariba Assigned collective code [mos] USE Yoruba (Moore) Yarkend Yandjinung USE Uighur USE Djinang Yandruwandha Assigned collective code [aus] (Australian languages)

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 155 Name Sequence

Yaruro Yessan-Mayo Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [paa] (South American Indian (Papuan (Other)) (Other)) UF Mayo (New Guinea) UF Hapotein Yi Llaruro Assigned collective code [sit] Pume (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) Yuapin UF Lolo (China) Yate (Brazil) Nosu USE Fulnio Yi, Sichuan Yate (Papua New Guinea) USE Sichuan Yi USE Inoke Yiddish [yid] Yau UF Judeo-German Assigned collective code [paa] Yidiny (Papuan (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Yaunde (Australian languages) USE Ewondo Yindjibarndi Yawyin Assigned collective code [aus] USE Lisu (Australian languages) Yay UF Jindjibandji USE Bouyei Yinhawangka Yazghulami Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [ira] (Australian languages) (Iranian (Other)) UF Inawonga Yecuana Yiru Assigned collective code [sai] USE Nali (South American Indian Yiwadja (Other)) USE Iwaidja UF Maquiritare Yofuaha Yegua USE Choroti USE Yagua Yohlmo Yeh USE Helambu Sherpa USE Jeh Yola Yekhee USE Diola USE Etsako Yolof Yema USE Wolof USE Suena Yombe (Congo and Angola) Yemba Assigned collective code [bnt] Assigned collective code [bai] (Bantu (Other)) (Bamileke languages) Yongkom Yemsa Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [afa] (Papuan (Other)) (Afroasiatic (Other)) Yopno UF Janjero Assigned collective code [paa] Yenisei-Ostiak (Papuan (Other)) USE Ket UF Yupna Yerraleroi Yoron USE Yualyai USE Tunica

page 156 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence

Yoruba [yor] Yuit UF Aku Assigned collective code [ypk] Eyo (Yupik languages) Nago UF Asiatic Eskimo Yariba Eskimo, Asiatic Yowalri Saint Lawrence Island Yupik USE Yualyai Siberian Yupik Yualyai Yukaghir Assigned collective code [aus] Assigned collective code [mis] (Australian languages) (Miscellaneous languages) UF Euahlayi UF Jukaghir Jualjai Yukaliwa Ualari USE Kiliwa Uollaroi Yuki Wallaroi Assigned collective code [nai] Yerraleroi (North American Indian (Other)) Yowalri Yulu Yuwaalaraay Assigned collective code [ssa] Yuan (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) USE Northern Thai Yumba Yuapin USE Colorado USE Yaruro Yuna Yucatecan USE Duna USE Maya Yunca Yuchi Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [nai] (South American Indian (Other)) (North American Indian (Other)) UF Chimu UF Uchee Mochica Yucuna Yunnanese Shan Assigned collective code [sai] USE Tai Niia (South American Indian (Other)) Yupa UF Matapi Assigned collective code [sai] Yugambeh (South American Indian (Other)) Assigned collective code [aus] Yupe (Australian languages) USE Motilon Yugh Yupik languages [ypk] Assigned collective code [mis] UF Eskimo languages, Western (Miscellaneous languages) Western Eskimo languages UF Sym-Ketish Collective code for: Yugur, Western Central Yupik USE Western Yugur Cup'ig Pacific Gulf Yupik Yui Assigned collective code [paa] Sirinek (Papuan (Other)) Yuit UF Salt-Yui Yupna USE Yopno Yurak USE Nenets Yurok Assigned collective code [alg] (Algonquian (Other))

page 157 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Name Sequence

Yuron Zazere USE Tunica USE Kulango Yuruti Zeghawa Assigned collective code [sai] USE Zaghawa (South American Indian Zelgwa (Other)) USE Zulgo Yuwaalaraay Zema USE Yualyai USE Nzima Zaghawa Zenaga [zen] Assigned collective code [ssa] UF Senhadja (Nilo-Saharan (Other)) Zend UF Beri-aa USE Avestan Berri Zendal Kebadi USE Tzeltal Merida Zerma Soghaua USE Zarma Zeghawa Zezuru Zaklohpakap Assigned collective code [sna] USE Mam (Shona) Zambal UF Central Shona USE Sambali Zhang-Zhung Zamboangueno USE Zang Zung USE Chabacano Zhuang [zha] Zanaki UF Chuang Assigned collective code [bnt] Ziba (Bantu (Other)) USE Haya Zande Zimshlan Assigned collective code [znd] USE Tsimshian (Zande languages) Zjuc'hoa UF Azande USE Ju/'hoan Zande languages [znd] Zombo Collective code for: Assigned collective code [kon] Nzakara (Kongo) Zande Zoque Zang Zung Assigned collective code [cai] Assigned collective code [sit] (Central American Indian (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) (Other)) UF Zhang-Zhung UF Soke Zapotec [zap] Zoro Zarma Assigned collective code [sai] Assigned collective code [son] (South American Indian (Songhai) (Other)) UF Djerma Zotzil Dyerma USE Tzotzil V Zerma Zu/'hoasi Zay USE Ju/'hoan USE Zway Zulgo Zaza [zza] Assigned collective code [afa] UF Dimli (Afroasiatic (Other)) Kirmanjki UF Zelgwa Zulu [zul]

page 158 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Name Sequence Zungi USE Ao Zungle USE Limbum Zuni [zun] Zutuhil USE Tzutuhil Zway Assigned collective code [sem] (Semitic (Other)) UF Zay Zwingi USE Ao Zyrian USE Komi

page 159 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 '

— page 160 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Code Sequence PART II: CODE SEQUENCE

aar Afar bej Bej a abk Abkhaz bel Belarusian ace Achinese bem Bemba ach Acoli ben Bengali ada Adangme ber Berber (Other) ady Adygei bho Bhojpuri afa Affoasiatic (Other) bih Bihari afh Afrihili (Artificial language) bik Bikol afr Afrikaans bin Edo ain Ainu bis Bislama - a jin Aljamia bla Siksika aka Akan bnt Bantu (Other) akk Akkadian bos Bosnian alb Albanian bra Braj ale Aleut bre Breton alg Algonquian (Other) btk Batak alt Altai bua Buriat amh Amharic bug Bugis ang English, Old (ca. 450-1100) bul Bulgarian anp Angika bur Burmese apa Apache languages byn Bilin ara Arabic cad Caddo arc Aramaic cai Central American Indian (Other) arg Aragonese Spanish - cam Khmer arm Armenian car Carib arn Mapuche cat Catalan arp Arapaho cau Caucasian (Other) art Artificial (Other) ceb Cebuano arw Arawak cel Celtic (Other) asm Assamese cha Chamorro ast Bable chb Chibcha ath Athapascan (Other) che Chechen aus Australian languages chg Chagatai ava Avaric chi Chinese ave Avestan chk Chuukese awa Awadhi chm Mari aym Aymara chn Chinook jargon aze Azerbaijani cho Choctaw bad Banda languages chp Chipewyan bai Bamileke languages chr Cherokee bak Bashkir chu Church Slavic bal Baluchi chv Chuvash bam Bambara chy Cheyenne ban Balinese cmc Chamic languages Coptic baq Basque cop Cornish bas Basa cor Corsican bat Baltic (Other) cos

page 161 MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 Code Sequence

cpe Creoles and Pidgins, English-based fre French (Other) -fri Frisian cpf Creoles and Pidgins, French-based frm French, Middle (ca. 1300-1600) (Other) fro French, Old (ca. 842-1300) cpp Creoles and Pidgins, Portuguese-based frr North Frisian (Other) frs East Frisian ere Cree fry Frisian erh Crimean Tatar ful Fula crp Creoles and Pidgins (Other) fur Friulian csb Kashubian gaa Ga cus Cushitic (Other) -gae Scottish Gaelix cze Czech -gag Galician dak Dakota -gal Oromo dan Danish gay Gayo dar Dargwa gba Gbaya day Dayak gem Germanic (Other) del Delaware geo Georgian den Slave ger German dgr Dogrib gez Ethiopic din Dinka gil Gilbertese div Divehi gla Scottish Gaelic doi Dogri gle Irish dra Dravidian (Other) gig Galician dsb Lower Sorbian glv Manx dua Duala gmh German, Middle High (ca. 1050-1500) dum Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350) goh German, Old High (ca. 750-1050) dut Dutch gon Gondi dyu Dyula gor Gorontalo dzo Dzongkha got Gothic efi Efik grb Grebo egy Egyptian gre Greek, Ancient (to 1453) eka Ekajuk gre Greek, Modem (1453-) elx Elamite grn Guarani eng English gsw Swiss German enm English, Middle (1100-1500) -gua Guarani epo Esperanto g«j Gujarati - esk Eskimo languages gwi Gwich'in - esp Esperanto hai Haida est Estonian hat Haitian French Creole - eth Ethiopic hau Hausa ewe Ewe haw Hawaiian ewo Ewondo heb Hebrew fan Fang her Herero fao Faroese hil Hiligaynon - far Faroese him Himachali fat Fanti hin Hindi fij Fijian hit Hittite fil Filipino hmn Hmong fin Finnish hmo Hiri Motu flu Finno-Ugrian (Other) hsb Upper Sorbian fon Fon hun Hungarian

page 162 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Code Sequence hup Hupa kor Korean iba Iban kos Kusaie ibo Igbo kpe Kpelle ice Icelandic kre Karachay-Balkar ido Ido krl Karelian iii Sichuan Yi kro Kru (Other) ij° Ijo kru Kurukh iku Inuktitut kua Kuanyama ile Interlingue kum Kumyk ilo Iloko kur Kurdish ina Interlingua (International Auxiliary - kus Kusaie Language Association) kut Kootenai inc Indie (Other) lad Ladino ind Indonesian lah Lahnda ine Indo-European (Other) lam Lamba (Zambia and Congo) inh Ingush - Ian Occitan (post 1500) - int Interlingua (International Auxiliary lao Lao Language Association) - lap Sami ipk Inupiaq lat Latin ira Iranian (Other) lav Latvian - iri Irish lez Lezgian iro Iroquoian (Other) lim Limburgish ita Italian lin Lingala jav Javanese lit Lithuanian jbo Lojban (Artificial language) lol Mongo-Nkundu jpn Japanese loz Lozi JPr Judeo-Persian ltz Luxembourgish jrb Judeo-Arabic lua Luba-Lulua kaa Kara-Kalpak lub Luba-Katanga kab Kabyle lug Ganda kac Kachin lui Luiseno kal Kalatdlisut lun Lunda kam Kamba luo Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) kan Kannada lus Lushai kar Karen languages mac Macedonian kas Kashmiri mad Madurese kau Kanuri mag Magahi kaw Kawi mah Marshallese kaz Kazakh mai Maithili kbd Kabardian mak Makasar kha Khasi mal Malayalam khi Khoisan (Other) man Mandingo khm Khmer mao Maori kho Khotanese map Austronesian (Other) kik Kikuyu mar Marathi kin Kinyarwanda mas Masai kir Kyrgyz - max Manx kmb Kimbundu may Malay kok Konkani mdf Moksha kom Komi mdr Mandar kon Kongo men Mende

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 163 Code Sequence

mga Irish, Middle (ca. 1100-1550) °ji Ojibwa mic Micmac ori Oriya min Minangkabau orm Oromo mis Miscellaneous languages osa Osage mkh Mon-Khmer (Other) OSS Ossetic - mla Malagasy ota Turkish, Ottoman mlg Malagasy oto Otomian languages mlt Maltese paa Papuan (Other) mnc Manchu Pag Pangasinan mni Manipuri pal Pahlavi mno Manobo languages pam Pampanga moh Mohawk pan Panjabi mol Moldavian pap Papiamento mon Mongolian pau Palauan mos Moore peo Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.) mul Multiple languages per Persian mun Munda (Other) phi Philippine (Other) mus Creek phn Phoenician mwl Mirandese pli Pali mwr Marwari pol Polish myn Mayan languages pon Ponape myv Erzya por Portuguese nah Nahuatl pra Prakrit languages nai North American Indian (Other) pro Provenfal (to 1500) nap Neapolitan Italian pus Pushto nau Nauru que Quechua nav Navajo raj Rajasthani nbl Ndebele (South Africa) rap Rapanui nde Ndebele (Zimbabwe) rar Rarotongan ndo Ndonga roa Romance (Other) nds Low German roh Raeto-Romance nep Nepali rom Romani new Newari rum Romanian nia Nias run Rundi nic Niger-Kordofanian (Other) rup Aromanian niu Niuean rus Russian nno Norwegian (Nynorsk) sad Sandawe nob Norwegian (Bokmal) sag Sango (Ubangi Creole) nog Nogai sah Yakut non Old Norse sai South American Indian (Other) nor Norwegian sal Salishan languages nqo N'Ko sam Samaritan Aramaic nso Northern Sotho san Sanskrit nub Nubian languages - sao Samoan nwc Newari, Old sas Sasak nya Nyanja sat Santali nym Nyamwezi see Serbian nyn Nyankole sen Sicilian Italian nyo Nyoro SCO Scots nzi Nzima scr Croatian oci Occitan (post 1500) sel Selkup

page 164 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Code Sequence sem Semitic (Other) tem Temne sga Irish, Old (to 1100) ter Terena sgn Sign languages tet Tetum shn Shan tgk Tajik - sho Shona tgl Tagalog sid Sidamo tha Thai sin Sinhalese tib Tibetan sio Siouan (Other) tig Tigre sit Sino-Tibetan (Other) tir Tigrinya sla Slavic (Other) tiv Tiv sio Slovak tkl Tokelauan slv Slovenian tlh Klingon (Artificial language) sma Southern Sami tli Tlingit sme Northern Sami tmh Tamashek smi Sami tog Tonga (Nyasa) smj Lule Sami ton Tongan smn Inari Sami tpi Tok Pisin smo Samoan - tru Tmk sms Skolt Sami tsi Tsimshian sna Shona tsn Tswana snd Sindhi tso Tsonga - snh Sinhalese - tsw Tswana snk Soninke tuk Turkmen sog Sogdian turn Tumbuka som Somali tup Tupi languages son Songhai tur Turkish sot Sotho tut Altaic (Other) spa Spanish tvl Tuvaluan srd Sardinian twi Twi srn Sranan tyv Tuvinian srr Serer udm Udmurt ssa Nilo-Saharan (Other) uga Ugaritic - sso Sotho uig Uighur ssw Swazi ukr Ukrainian suk Sukuma umb Umbundu sun Sundanese und Undetermined sus Susu urd Urdu sux Sumerian uzb Uzbek swa Swahili vai Vai swe Swedish ven Venda - swz Swazi vie Vietnamese syc Syriac vol Volapiik syr Syriac, Modem vot Votic -tag Tagalog wak Wakashan languages tah Tahitian wal Wolayta tai Tai (Other) war Waray -taj Tajik was Washo tam Tamil wel Welsh - tar Tatar wen Sorbian (Other) tat Tatar win Walloon tel Telugu wol Wolof

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 165 Code Sequence xal Oirat xho Xhosa yao Yao (Africa) yap Yapese yid Yiddish yor Yoruba ypk Yupik languages zap Zapotec zbl Blissymbolics zen Zenaga zha Zhuang znd Zande languages zul Zulu zun Zuni zxx No linguistic content zza Zaza

page 166 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages Appendix

APPENDIX: CHANGES

This appendix contains additions and changes to the MARC Code Listfor Languages included since the 2003 edition.

PARTI: NEW CODES

New MARC code Previous collective code Language name

ain mis Ainu

alt tut Altai

anp bih Angika

byn cus Bilin

csb sla Kashubian

dsb wen Lower Sorbian

fil n/a Filipino

fir fry North Frisian

ffs fry East Frisian

gsw n/a Swiss German

hsb wen Upper Sorbian

jbo n/a Lojban (Artificial language)

krc tut Karachay-Balkar

krl fiu Karelian

mdf fiu Moksha

mwl n/a Mirandese

myv fiu Erzya

nqo n/a N’Ko

nwc n/a Newari, Old

rap roa Aromanian

sen ita Sicilian Italian

sm epe Sranan

syc n/a Syriac

MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 167 Appendix

tlh n/a Klingon (Artificial language)

zbl nidi Blissymbolics

zxx n/a No linguistic content

zza n/a Zaza n/a = No collective code had been assigned.

PART II: CHANGED CODE CAPTIONS

MARC code Old language name New language name

bad Banda Banda languages

frm French, Middle (ca. 1400- French, Middle (ca. 1300- 1600) 1600)

fro French, Old (ca. 842-1400) French, Old (ca. 842-1300)

kar Karen Karen languages

kut Kutenai Kootenai

lam Lamba Lamba (Zambia and Congo)

ltz Letzeburgesch Luxembourgish

syr Syriac Syriac, Modem

wal Walamo Wolayta

wen Sorbian languages Sorbian (Other)

xal Kalmyk Oirat

znd Zande Zande languages

page 168 October 2007 MARC Code List for Languages

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