S W AHILI- N GLISH

Charles W. Rechenbach

Assisted by

Angelica Wanjinu Gesuga Leslie R. Leinone

Harold M. Onyango Josiah Florence G. Kuipers

Bureau of Special Research

in Modern

The Catholic University of Americ a Prei . B. C. 20017 1967 INTRODUCTION

The compilers of this Swahili-English dictionary, the first new lexical work for English speakers

in many years, hope that they are offering to students and translators a more reliable and certainly a

more up-to-date working tool than any previously available. They trust that it will prove to be of

value to libraries, researchers, scholars, and governmental and commercial agencies alike, whose in- terests and concerns will benefit from a better understanding and closer communication with peoples

of .

The Swahili (Kisuiahili) is a Bantu language spoken by perhaps as many as forty mil-

people throughout a large part of East and . It is, however, a native or 'first' lan-

guage only in a nnitp restricted area consisting of the islands of and Pemba and the oppo-

site coast, roughly from to ,

Outside this relatively small territory, elsewhere in , in (formerly ),

Copyright © 1968 and to a lesser degree in , in the Republic of the , and in other fringe regions hard to

delimit, Swahili is a of long standing, a 'second' (or 'third' or 'fourth') language enjoy- ing a reasonably well accepted status as a supra-tribal or supra-regional medium of communication. THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS, INC. Its chief competitor in this function is English, and English is of course a formidable competi-

tor indeed in Kenya and Tanzania and particularly in Uganda. The competitors are both English and All Rights Reserved in Uganda, both French and in the Congo. In the long view, the future of Swahili

is difficult to predict; but, for the present, its position appears to be more stable than that of any other African language.

The older literature of the language, written in characters, goes back to the seventeenth

century and includes a wide range of subject matter and forms, from poetry to chronicles and history. Library of Congress Catalog Number 67-3143 8' There is an abundance of modern material, including perhaps a thousand titles in short stories, poet- ry, scholarly works, and text books for elementary and secondary schools. Swahili can no longer be

considered in the category of the 'rarer' languages. There are several Swahili newspapers as well

as various commercial media in circulation, and there is an abundance of excellent teaching aids,

such as E.V. Parrott's Teach Yourself Swahili (The English Universities Press Ltd., London). The

East Bureau of has published a great many Swahili titles, and Longmans, Green and Company Ltd., London, should also be mentioned as having made much educational mate-

rial available in the language.

In view of these resources, the compilers of this dictionary have not felt it necessary or advis-

able to expand the volume with phonetic or grammatical aids. This volume is primarily and specific-

ally a word source for readers and translators. Like all subsequent compilations, it builds gratefully

upon the Standard Swahili-English and English-Swahili Dictionary in two volumes, prepared under

the direction of Frederick Johnson and published by the in 1939. The pres- ent dictionary has critically reappraised the entire word-stock of the language, modernizing and aug-

menting from many sources. It brings the vocabulary up to date, including the fantastic developments

since World War II. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The compilers are moved by piety and by a sense of real and deep indebtedness when they ac- knowledge the long line of earlier toilers in this particular vineyard: Krapf, Steere, Madan, Johnson (and his many associates), Sacleux, Olderogge, and Hoftmann.*

They wish also to acknowledge the very substantial assistance of Miss Barbara Dudley and Mr.

Harold A. Goldklang, who furnished lists of new entries and of new senses for old entries drawn from their long experience in reading contemporary Swahili texts of many kinds.

They must finally express their very great obligation to Messrs. Harry Goff and Eugene R, Gar- nett, who prepared the final lexl uf the dictionary, and tc the Right Reverend James A. Maener and other officials of the Catholic University of America Press, who have given it a handsome and practi- cal outward form.

*See Marcel van Spaandonck, Practical and Systematical Swahili Bibliography, Linguistics 1850-

1963. Leiden (E.. Brill), 1965. A NOTE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE DICTIONARY SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS

1. Derivative verb (applicative, , etc.) are listed under the base form of the forms * foreign (from Arabic aux., auxil. auxiliary verb. When the base form is not in current use, the derivative forms appear as separate entries. unless otherwise specified) av. aviation In cases where derivative forms are much commoner than, or differ drastically in sense from, the (— ) plural the same as singular base verb, they also appear as separate entries. (i.e., without prefix) Bibl. Biblical

2. Derivative nouns (formed with the prefixes Id-, m-, u-, etc.) appear in the normal alphabeti- < derived from... biol. biological term cal order of the prefix, with a cross-reference to the base word. = (more or less) synonymous with... bot. botanical term

3. At the end of the entry for each base word there is an alphabetical list of derivative words ahhr. abbreviation, abbreviated as... caus. causative (if any) appearing as main entries in this dictionary: Cf. ... abs. absolute chem. chemistry 4. Words of Arabic origin are likewise cross-referenced to derivative or related words.

= adj. adjective Christ. Christian (as opposed to parentheses: ...) 5. Common synonyms of rare entries are given in ( Muslim) usage adv. adverb(ial) in the indications sing, 6. Each noun is followed by its plural prefix parentheses or by or . cl. class if the entry is commonly used only in the singular or in the plural. The indication (—) after an entry affirm, affirmative coll. colloquial means that the entry is a noun having in the plural the same form as in the singular. Afr. collec. collective agr., agric. agriculture comm. communist terminology = amplic. amplicative ( augmentative) conj. conjunction anat. anatomical conn, connective anth. anthropology

consec. consecutive app. approximately

cont. contactive appl. applicative

contr. contrast(ed) approx. approximately

Ar. Arabic cul. culinary

arch, archaic dem., demon, demonstrative

arith. arithmetic derog. derogatory

ass. associative det. determinative

astr., astron. astronomy dial, dialectal

augm., augment, augmentative dimin. diminutive

auto, automotive term dur. durative econ. economics interr., interrog. interrogative num. numeral pron. pronoun

oh\. object prov. proverb elec. electricity intr. intransitive

obs. obsolete psych, psychology emph. emphatic inv. inversive onom. onomatopoeic punct. punctuation encl. enclitic Isl. (term usually restricted to) Islamic (contexts) opp. (as) opposed (in meaning to...) railw. railway term Engl. English Jap. Japanese opt. optics rec. recent esp. especially jur. jurisprudence orig. originally red. reduplicated, eth., ethn. ethnology hat. Latin ornith. ornithology ref. reference euph. euphemism leg. legal term pari, parliamentary term re/7, reflexive expr. expression ling, linguistics part, particle rel. religious

feminine lit. literal(ly) fern, pass, passive relat. relative

liter, literary fig. figurative(ly) pej., pejor. pejorative Russ. Russian

loc. locative fin. finance pers. person, personal sing, (occurring commonly only in the) singular Lug. Luganda foil, following Pers. Persian si, slang Mai. Malay Fr. French pharm. pharmaceutical term . Spanish masc. masculine phon. phonetics gen. general(ly) stat. stative math, mathematics phot, photography geogr. geographical term suffix(ed) mech. mechanics suff. phy. physiology geom. geometry tech. technology med. medical term phys. physics

Germ. German tr., trans, transitive meteor, meteorology pi., plur. (occurring commonly only gramm. grammatical term in the) plural Turk. Turkish mil. military pol. political term hist, historical typ. typography min. mining, mineralogy polyg. (term relating to the practice id. ideophone us. usually mod. modern of)

imp., imper. imperative v. verb Port. Portuguese mus. Ind. Indian (, Gujerati, etc.) vulg. vulgar poss. possessive myth, mythology indef. indefinite pr. proper (noun) w. with n. noun inf. infinitive prep, preposition(al) zool. zoology

naut. nautical int. intensive prob. probable, probably Zu. Zulu

neg. negative interj. interjection a, aa, ah inter), expressing surprise, joy, 2 a biria* (ma-) passenger, meli ya -.

ain ' P passenger ship, motakaa ya — . bus.

gari la — . passenger train, motokaa aali* adj. good, excellent, first-class. ya __ tax j b USci Cf. abiri.

aasi* see lasi. * l abu ( _) Uten father> (= Da .)

abadan* 1. adv. never, hawatakuja kwetu abudi* (— ) see budi.

— . They will never come to us.

2. interj. Make way! abudu* pray, worship; serve; fear. — Mungu. worship/serve /fear God. abadi, abidi adv., rare always, constantly. appl. abudia. caus. abudisha. Cf. (= daima, sikuzote, kila mara, milele.) ibada, uabudiwaji, maabadi, maabudu,

kazi yake ni kuiba — . is always mwabudu. stealing.

Abunuwasi*, Banawasi liter, proper name slave. abd* (— ) liter, servant, See abudu. ; n tales of Arabic origin; one who tells

such tales. Cf. kibanawasi. abe* see labeka.

acha, dial, ata leave (behind), desert, labedari* LPort. ?] (-) pulley, block abandon; divorce (wife, husband).

(used on ). Fulani amemwacha mkevve. X is divorced from his wife, wameuacha mji wao. They

^abedari* see habedari. have left their town. 2. stop, cease, dis-

continue; fail to do, neglect. 3. release, abidi* see abadi. acquit, pardon. 4. allow, permit, ass. achana. leave each other, separate, be abiri* 1. travel by sea; pass over, cross separated; be different, diverge (views,

(river, lake, sea). 2. go, travel (by ship, opinions), appl. achia. leave something railway, automobile, airplane), appl. to someone, let someone have something;

abiria. intr. abirika. caus. abirisha. bequeath, achia mtu . bequeath prop-

pass, abiriwa. Cf. ^abiria. erty to someone, double appl. achilia.

I. pardon, forgive. 2. :aclii!ia niba'i.

^abiria* awl. of abiri. cease, break off; leave alone, abandon. ) .

:hali adhini adhi ifikana

adhiri*, aziri find fault with, reprove, double appl.-intr. achilika. be excusable/ adhama*, adhima (— ) 1. greatness, grandeur, adimika*, hadimika be rare /unobtainable.

pardonable, caus. achisha. cause to dignity. 2. fame. 3. power, authority, criticize; degrade, humiliate; slander, Cf. adimu.

leave/abandon/divorce; wean (a child)* 4. pomp, splendor. Cf. adhimisho, defame. Usiniadhiri mbele za watu. ass. achana. leave each other; diverge, adhimu, taadhima, taadhimika, Don't criticize me in front of the people. adimu* adj. 1. rare, scarce, unobtainable,

be different. uadhimishaji. 2. insufficient, inadequate; deficient,

adhuhuri*, adhuuri (— ) midday, noon (be- faulty, unsatisfactory. Cf. adimika. tween 12 and 2 o' clock), wakati wa — achali* (— ) see achari. adhana* 1. (— ) Isl. call to prayer of the

— . Isl. time of the ) 1. arch, free muezzin, piga — . call to prayer. noontime, sala ya adinasi*, wadinasi (— man. achana ass. of acha. 2. see adhini. second prayers. 2. a man of good birth. Cf. ^wadi.

adhmiri* (—) set adhuhuri. I ( acnari'% acnaii, ajari Ltna. j \— ; appetizer, aaniDisna sec auiiiuu. admpli*. admirali Knel. I — ) admiral. relish, chutney.

adhibu*, adhibisha 1. punish, chastise; adi* arch, go part of the way with some- adua* arch. 1. make offerings/sacrifices. achisha caus. of acha. pass judgment/sentence. 2. cause pain/ one (e.g., a guest), escort. 2. prepare magic charms (against the (= torment; harass, molest, annoy. ^sindikiza.) evil eye) . ada* 1. {— ) fee, (customary) payment, gift watakapochelewa kurudi kwenye masomo

(that is expected to be forthcoming). — tutawaadhibu. If they return late to the adia*, hidaya (— ) arch, gift, present. Cf. adui* (ma-) enemy, opponent. — mbaya.

ya mganga. doctor's fee. maada ya lessons we shall punish them. Cf. hedaya. rel. devil. Cf. uadui.

harusi. wedding-present, kiasi cha — tu. adhabu.

as is fitting/appropriate. — ya shule. adibisha* caus. of adibu. aenzi* (— ) see enzi

school fees. 2. (ma-) contribution, pay- adhima* (— ) see adhama.

ment. — ya kuingilia. admission fee. adibu* (also taadabu) 1. (also caus. afa* (ma-) (more commonly ) 1. mis- adhimisha* see adhimu. adibisha) bring up, educate, teach good fortune, catastrophe, disaster, calamity,

manners. 2. adj. polite, courteous, mishap, accident, bad luck, damage, adabu* (— ) politeness, courtesy, consid- well-bred. 3. interj. taadabu! injury. 2. danger, peril; threat, menace; eration; good manners. Huna — . You have adhimisho* (ma-) {more commonly gracious, yourself! horror, terror. 3. injustice. no manners, Cf. adibu. maadhimisho) celebration, solemnity, or — nafsi yako! Behave ceremony. — la misa takatifu. rel. Cf. adabu.

Adamu* (wa-) 1. pr. n. masc. 2. see celebration of the mass. Cf. adhama. afadhali*, afdhali, afudhali adv. rather, mwanadamu, binadamu. adili* 1. be just (righteous, impartial); better, particularly, ni — kuliko adhimu* 1. adj. & adv., liter, great, conduct oneself well. 2. (ma-, — kukaa. It is better to travel than to stay. conduct; justice, fadhili. adawa* (— ) see uadui. important, significant. 2. (also caus. morality, ethics; good Cf. adhimisha) praise, honor, glorify, impartiality. 3. (also adilifu) adj. right,

Aden, Edeni sing, (the city of) Aden. celebrate. — (adhimisha) sikukuu. correct; just, righteous, impartial; afdhali* see afadhali. celebrate a holiday, appl. adhimia. straightforward, honest. Cf. adilisha,

adhama. afendi*, efendi \_Turk. J (— ) mil. effendi adesi* (— ) bot. lentils. Cf. uadilifu. (title of rank).

adhabu* 1. punishment, penalty. 2. pain, adhini*, adhana Isl, call to prayer. adilifu* see adili 3.

anaadhini. muezzin calls afia* (— ) see ^afya. torment, tia (pa, patisha) — . punish, Mwadhini The

chastise. 3. pursuit, persecution. to prayer. Cf. adhana, mwadhini. adilisha* cause to be righteous/moral, conduct. adili. afikana* ass. of afiki. Cf. adhibu. teach morality /good Cf. agano ibu afiki agano

understanding. Agano Jipya. New ahali*, ahli (— ) 1. relations, family, afiki* agree, correspond; be the same as; afua* 2afu. Testament. Agano la Kale. Old Testa- (distant) relative, ndugu — . brothers fit, be fitting; satisfy, appease; {usually ment. 2. promise, vow. Cf. aga. and (other) relatives. 2. rare wife. ass. afikiana, afikana) come to an agree- afudhali* see afadhali. ment, make a settlement, be reconciled. 2agano (ma-) rare departure, farewell. ahera*, akhera (— ) hereafter, life to come, ass.-caus. afikanisha. satisfy, appease, lafya*, afia (-) health; strength, vigor. fig. enda — . die. Cf. aheri. thing is health. Cf. !aga. reconcile, conciliate. Cf. maafikiano, bora — . The main mwafaka. hana — nzuri or — yake si nzuri. He aghalabu*, aghlabu adv. usually, ordi- aheri*, akheri (— ) end; limit, border, toka is not in good health. narily, mostly; mainly, chiefly, as a awali hata — . from beginning to end. — afikiano* (ma-) see maafikiano. rule, — yako nini? or — yako kiasi gani? What is 2afya caus. of apa. maji huchotwa kwa ndoo, na v.tj- ~.r:cs? f, ahera. ng'ombe. Water is drawn with buckets, r ~."k br.ttnm C afisa* lEngl.i (ma-) see ofisa. but the work is usually done by oxen. afyuni*, afiuni (-) opium. (= kasumba.) ahi* (— ) see yahe. afisi*, ofisi LEngl.i {-) office, department, aghlabu* see aghalabu. bureau. laga take one's leave, say good-bye, ahidi*, w ahidi promise, vow, agree. Cf. leave. — dunia. euph. to die. oppL ahadi. ass. agiza (caus. of *aga, q.v.) order, direct, afiuni* (-) see afyuni. agia. take leave of, dismiss, commission, give instructions. agana. take leave of each other (for ahiri*, akhiri 1. be put off/postponed. Afrika* LEngl.i sing, -ya kaskazini. a long period), agana buriani. bid 2. delay, hesitate, procrastinate. 2 (more commonly maagizo) North Africa. — ya kusini. . each other a final farewell. Cf. agano, agizo (ma-) caus. ahirisha. put off, postpone. order, commission, instruction; regula- - ya kati (or katikati). Central Africa. kiago, 4 m wago. 2 mtihani umeahirishwa mpaka kesho. - ya magharibi. West Africa. - ya tion, directive. Cf. aga. The examination is postponed until nchi ya -. mashariki. , 2 a ga (usually ass. agana) agree, come to tomorrow, pass, ahiriwa. Cf. taahari, Agosti* LEngl.J (month of) August. African continent. Cf. kiafrika, reach a settlement, make an , taahira. Mwafrika. a contract, caus. agiza. charge, order, agua 1. foretell, predict, prophesy; inter- commission; instruct, fanya kama ahli* (— ) see ahali. sing. Africani- pret (a dream or omen). 2. med. treat afrikanaizesheni* lEngl.i nilivyokuagiza. Do as I have instructed with charms or potions ). zation. agizia. order/commis- (usually Cf. you. caus.-appl. ahsante* see asante. aguzi, mwaguzi, uaguzi. sion for... Cf. Ugano, agizo, kiaga, devil. wicked/ afriti* (-) 1. (evil) spirit, 2. ^mwago, uagizaji. aibika* 1. be disgraced/dishonored. maaguzi) 1. medicine, malicious person. aguzi (ma-) (usually 2. be ashamed/abashed, ameaibika. He remedy. 2. interpretation (of a dream or ^aga rare destroy. is ashamed, caus. aibisha. disgrace, lafu* (-) of the wild jasmine. omen). 3. prophecy, prediction. Cf. dishonor; abash, disconcert. Cf. aibu. agua. Cf. mwafu. Agami* see Uajemi.

aibisho* (ma-) see aibu. pardon. 2. guard, ahadi*, wahadi (— ) promise, obligation, 2 a fu*, afua 1. forgive, agana ass. of laga, 2 aga.

re- toa (funga, pa) — . make protect, defend. 3. free, liberate, vow, agreement, aibu* (— ), aibisho (ma-) shame, dishonor, \— ma-) a promise, vunja — . break a promise/ lease. 4. heal, cure. 5. , maagano) lagano (ma-) (more commonly scandal, disgrace. Cf. aibika. pro- titniza (fikisha, shika) — . keep a liberation, redemption, salvation, vow. 1. agreement, settlement, contract, promise/vow. ahidi, miadi. tection, defense. Cf. treaty, covenant; arrangement, . .

lidha aka ska -ako

^aka build, erect (with stone), caus. akida* (ma-) 1. chief, leader. 2. official. aidha*, waaidha conj. then, thereupon; ^ajari* (— ) see achari. akisha, moreover, furthermore. asha. 3. officer, adjutant. 4. manager, super- visor, foreman. ajazi* rare be weak/infirm/helpless. ^aka act as if.,,, pretend to be..., feign. aili* (& caus. ailisha) rare reproach, intr. ajizika. Cf. ajizi, uajizi. — kimya. feign akidi* criticize. Cf. uaili. muteness, rare suffice; end, conclude, finish. Ajemi* see Uajemi.

akali* 1. ) rare isolation, akidu* contractor. ailisha* caus. of aili. {— segregation. (ma-) 2. -adj. few, individual, isolated. — ya ajenti* LEngl.J (—) agent, manager,

. akifia* entrust aina* (— ) 1, kind, sort, class, kila — ya... vitu or vitu — few things. with (a task, money, foreman. Cf. uajenti. all kinds of... 2. biol. sex. 3. bot. property).

species, 4. breed (of cattle, etc.). ajibu* see ajabu. akifu* see wakifu. 5. grade (of merchandise). Cf. aini.

akari* (— ) intoxicating drink. ajihi* rare pay a visit on someone (at a

akika* (— ) akika: 1. ceremony of a baby's aini* show; explain, define; classify, considerable distance). -ake (rare -akwe) poss. first haircut. 2. burial ceremony for a differentiate, distinguish. Cf. aina, pron. 3rd pers. 2 sing, his, her. kiti chake. his chair. child. Cf. akiki. a j ili* (— ) arch, reason, cause. Now viti vyake. his chairs. aisei* inter}., coll. VEngl. J I say, hello. occurring only in the expressions kwa

— ya as a result of, thanks to and kwa ^akiki* (— ) min. carnelian.

akhera* ) aishi* see ishi. — therefore, because of, on the strength (— see ahera. of. Cf. minajili. ^akiki* 1. the slaughtering of a goat for the

akheri* ) ajabu*, ajibu, staajabu 1. marvel, be (— see aheri. festival of the first hair-cutting. Cf.

ajiri* hire, engage, employ, enlist, 2. — . surprised/astonished/amazed. 2. (— , ma-) akika 1. soma hold the burial akhiri* see prise, amazement, ona -*. be astounded. recruit (laborers, soldiers), caus. ahiri. ceremony for a child. Cf. akika 2.

1. someone for pay. 3. adj. & adv. amazing, astonishing, ex- ajirisha. employ akhiyari* adv., rare well, better. traordinary. 4. (reinforcing mno & sana): 2. lease, rent. Cf. ijara, ujira. akili* (— ) 1. understanding, reason, intel- ligence, intellect; judgment, discretion. nyingi mno — . extraordinarily many, an

akhtari* (— ) see aktari. 2. ability, capability, amazing number. See also staajabu. ajiza* (— ) see aji proficiency, com- petence. 3. sense, thought, fanya —

aki* ) see ajizi* (also ajiza) 1. (— ) weakness, (— yahe. consider, reflect, prov. — ni mali. Sense ajali* (— ) 1. fate, ; destination; is wealth. chance, prov. haina kinga wala kafara. limpness, laziness, negligence. 2. 4. trick; (in a good sense) akia* swallow, devour, gulp down; gorge plan. Nothing can avert an impending blow of (— ) delay, indecision, hesitancy, prov. oneself. fate, {lit.: Fate has neither defense nor — nyumba ya njaa. Indecision is the

house of hunger, 3. adj. weak, slack, akina*, kina, wakina (— ) family; descent, sacrifice.) prov. tabibu hazuii — . The

akiba* (— ) supply, reserve; savings. extraction; physician does not delay fate, 2. hour hesitant, dilatory. Cf. ajazi, uajizi. a person/people like... —

vyombo vya — . spare parts. — ya Said. Said's family. like of death. 3. accident, hapa leo pana — — sisi. people = wananchi. savings bonds, weka — . lay us, — bibi (bvvana). collec. (men). An accident occurred there today. ajuza* (— ) rare old woman. ( kizee.) women

aside, save, toa — . dip into one's

savings, prov.: — haiozi. What is saved lajari* (-) see layari. *aka interj. expressing amazement, -ako poss. pron. 2nd pers. sing. your. impatience, negation. does not spoil. tunda lako. your fruit, matunda yako. your fruits. .

ilika amba akrab ilika

^alika 1. call, invite; challenge. — ama* (rare ima) conj. or. — ... — . either akrab* sing., rare: — magharibi. south- 2. indication, marking, trace, tia — karamuni. invite to a feast. — vita. ... or. either west. — matlai. southeast. mark, indicate. 3. postmark. 4. symptom, — hii — hii. this or that, summon to battle, declare war. = wa — , yet, however. ( au. ) prognosis, prediction. Cf. mialamu. 2. beckon, entice. 3. inform, explain. akraba* (— ) relation, relative (only of the Cf. Imwaliko, Ijnwalishi. ama!* 1. inter/, expressing amazement or first degree). alamsiki* inter], farewell, goodbye. impatience. 2. introduction of a question.

"alika confine (a sick person, etc. to a ••, huna habari ya baba yako? It is true akrabu*, akarabu (— ) pointer, indicator, alamu* (— ) 1, flag, banner. 2. signalling house or room). that of your hand. — ya saa. hand of a watch or flag, warning. you have no news father? clock. aliki* hang, hang up; fasten, attach. ''ama rare lie prone. alasiri* (—) 1. afternoon. 2. [si. prayer aksidenti*, eksidenti lEngl.} (— ) rare (between 3 and 5 o'clock). aliko (ma-) see mwaliko. lamali* (— ) 1. act, action; behavior. accident. Cf. ajali. 2. activity, work, employment, — yao alau* see walau. alili adv., rare very. ni kujenga nyumba. Their business is aktari*, akhtari (— ) crowd, gathering. - house-building, 3. occupation, business, ya watu. crowd of people. alfabeti* l.Engl.1 {—) alphabet. {= herufi.) alisa (— ) rare dancing place. profession, speciality. Cf. amili, mwamali. -akwe see -ake. alfafa* (—) alfafa (cloth worn after circum- Allah* God (usually in Arabic formulas). cision to protect the wound).

Allah akbar. Allah is great, la ill ah i ila ^amali* (— ) amali (kind of charm) *ala* inter], expressing amazement or Allah. There is no God but Allah, impatience. alfajiri* (— ) 1. dawn, daybreak. 2. Isl.

Praise to ) security, prayer (at 4:00 A.M.). Alhamdulillahi. be Allah. mana* (— vow; pledge, trust,

Bismillahi. In the name of Allah. weka — . leave as a pledge, give as ^ala* (nyala, ala, maala) 1. case, sheath, wallahi. By Allah. security. lamini. »lfu* ;lfu. Cf. scabbard (for knife, sword). 2. instru-

ment, tool, implement, apparatus, appli- almari* (— ) chest of drawers, amani* (— peace, security, safety. !* Praise be to ) ance, kila - ya kazi. all kinds of in- Alhamdulillahi inter;. mapatano ya — . peace treaty. Cf. struments/tools. amekuja na — zake Allah! almaria*, halmaria LPort.j(-) 1. embroi- amana, lamini. kamili. He came fully equipped. dery. 2. braid. Alhamisi* (— ) Thursday. — kuu. Maundy Thursday. amania* liter, trust, believe in, depend/ alaf* see elfu. almasi*, alma/.i (— ) 1. diamond, brilliant. rely on. Cf. amana, lamini.

alhasil*, alhasir adv. 1. then, thereupon; 2. pr. n. masc. ^alafu* see elfu. hence, consequently. 2, thus, in this amara* (— ) rare (- muhimu) 1. urgent almuradi*, mradi conj. then, thereupon; way, similarly, na — . and so forth, matter/business. 2. help, aid, assistance. ^alafu* adv., conj. see halafu. hence, consequently. haja — ? Can I do something for you?

alia make marks on the body (by a blow). alama* (— ) 1. sign, mark, symbol. — alowensi* LEngl. J (— ) allowance. amari* LPort. J anchor-chain/cable. ndogo. dot, — ya kushangaa. exclama- = water). 2, ( kipimo.) . .. . , lalika 1. splash, ripple (of go tion mark. — ya kuuliza. question mark. off, explode (of bombs). 3. snap, crack. 'amba 1. arch, speak. 2, speak ill of some- — ya kutaja. quotation mark. — ya alwaridi* (— ) see halwaridi. caus. alisha. — vidole. make the joints one, slander, kumwamba mtu. talk about usawa. equals mark, sign of equality. of one's fingers crack. Cf. ^mwaliko, 'mwalishi. .

11 10

reliability. 3. adj. {also aminifu) amria* appl. of amuru. someone behind his back. appl. see ambo (ma-) gum, glue. Cf. ^amba, faithful, devoted, reliable, trustworthy. ambia. Cf. jigamba, kigambo, mgambo, Cf. amana, amani, amania, imani, amrisha* caus. of amuru. mwambaji. ambua {inv. of 2 am ba) 1. loosen, detach, mwamana, mwamini, uaminifu, toamini. separate, pull off. — ngozi. remove amriwa* pass, of amuru. ^amba rare be in contact, stick together, skin (rind, bark). — mchungwa. peel an ^amini*, yamini (— ) blood brother, huyu ni adhere, us. intr. ambika. 1. hold/stick orange. 2. profit, benefit, alisoma miaka amini yangu. This man is my blood amsha caus. of amka, together, cohere. 2. prepare a trap for mingi lakini hana alichoambua. He has brother. fish; bait, lure. inv. see ambua. Cf. studied for a long time, but hasn't *Amu (the island of) . atnbata, ambo, ambua, ambukizo, benefited from it. intr. ambuka. intr.- aminifu* adj. see *amini 3. lohamha. chambo. ohambua. ^earaba, caus. ambukiza. med. be infectious/ ^arnn*. ami (— ) (paternal) uncle, Cf. ngambi, uambukizo, wamba, wambiso. contagious, ugonjwa wa kuambukiza. amiri* (ma-) commander, leader, officer, binamu. contagious disease. Cf. ambukizo, colonel, — jeshi. leader of an army. 'amba relat. pron. who, which, that (in chambua, uambukizo. Cf. amri. *amua end/settle a dispute; adjudge, conj. w. det.J. wale ambao wamekwenda. decide by arbitration; reach a decision; those who have gone. ambukizo (ma-) med. infection, contagion. ^amiri* begin/start something. — shamba act as an arbitrator, appl. amulia. Cf. ambua. (mji). lay out a new field (). caus. amuliza. Cf. maamuzi, mwamua, ambaa come near to without touching, pass uamuzi. by, skirt, hug (the shore); avoid, amdelahane* (— ) amdelahane (soft, silky amirisho* (ma-) start, beginning. Cf. escape, waliambaa mji bila ya kuingia. material). Cf. mdarahani. 9 ^amiri. 'amna - amwa. They went past the town without enter- merekani. ing it. waliambaa hatari. They escaped amerikani* LEngl. J see amulia appl. ^amua. amka wake up, stir. caus. amsha. wake of from danger, caus. ambaza. Cf. up, rouse. — {usually fungua) kinywa. mwambao, tnmwambao. ami* (—) see ^amu. amuliza caus. ^amua. eat breakfast. Cf. amkia, changamka, of kiamshakinywa, maamkio. birds ambari* (— ) ambergris. amia* protect (a field or garden from amuru* 1. order, command, prescribe, and animals). Cf. mwamizi; also hami, decide, decree aliniamuru niende. He amkia, amkua {appl. of amka) 1. wake up ambata clasp, cling, stick to, adhere. himaya. ordered to for/because of someone. 2. show some- me go. 2. administer, manage, caus. ambatisha. fix, attach, ass. govern, lead. one one's respect/esteem. 3. greet appl. amria. pass, amriwa. ambatana. nguo imeambatana na amili* 1. do, act; complete, accomplish. someone. 4. grow light, dawn. caus. amrisha. drill, train (soldiers). kidonda. The cloth has adhered to the 2. lead, guide, steer. Cf. ^amali. Cf. amri, wound. Cf. ''amba. amkua see amkia. ^amini* {also staamani) 1. trust, entrust; amuzi (ma-) (us. pi.) judgment, verdict. {appl. lamba) 1. speak/say believe; prove oneself worthy of trust, ambia of Cf. ^amua. amri* (— , ma-) 1. order, command, directive, something to someone. 2. inform; tell, nilimwamini na fedha yangu. I trusted toa — . give an order, shika (fuata) — relate, pass, ambiwa. nimeambiwa. him with my money, intr. aminika. be carry out an order, obey a command. amwa suck. caus. amwisha. nurse/suckle trustworthy /reliable, mtu huyu haaminiki. I told, double appl. ambilia. (a baby). 2. authority, rule, mastery, responsi- chatter, gossip. This man is not reliable, caus. aminisha. bility, power, ana amri juu yao. He has inspire confidence, give certainty. anana adj. soft, mild, gentle, upepo power over them. Cf. ^amiri, amuru. fidelity, devotion, ambika intr. of -amba. 2. (— ) faithfulness, mwanana. gentle wind. fig. mtu mwanana. a gentle, modest person. anga 13 anguka 12 anga

angani. spaceship, ya angani. angamizi (ma-) (us. pi.) destruction, ruin. 1. put in order, arrange, appl. space flight, mwanaanga. cosmonaut. anasa* (— ) 1. pleasure, joy; festive mood. andika Cf. angamia. meza. 5. adj. - 2. comfort, prosperity, luxury, maisha andikia. arrange something. — angavu. Cf. angaa. circumstances. set the table. 2. write; register, enter; ya — . a life in easy Cf. angao, angalao conj. 1. although, even if. sign on. appl. andikia. write 'anga arch, compute, count. = anisi, taanasa. recruit, ( ^wanga.) nipe chakula — ni kidogo tu. Give me alimwandikia barua. He to someone, food even if it is only a little. 2. so draw, sketch. andaa prepare, make preparations; cook wrote him a letter. 3. angaa shine, be bright; give light, gleam, that, in order that. picha. draw a picture, caus. (food), appl. andalia. make preparations andikia flash, appl. angalia. be alert, watch; cause to write, dictate; have for. waliandalia vita (kazi). They are andikisha. look, observe; be careful/cautious; in- angavu, anga adj. 1. bright, gleaming, (work). the table set (for a meal); (or jiandikisha) making preparations for war Cf. spect, test, check, angalia! Look! shining. 2. transparent, clear. 3. 'fig. ass. andikiana. andao. andazi, maandalio, mwandaliaji, register (for voting), Watch out! caus. & int. angaza. light intelligent, open-minded, clever. Cf. ass.- mwandao, mwandazi. write to each other, correspond, up, illuminate; look fixedly, stare. angaa. each other to write. caus. andikanya. get mwezi huangaza usiku. The moon lights mwezi andiko, maandiko, maandishi, andama follow, succeed; accompany, Cf. up the night, angaza macho, fix one's angaza caus. Si int. of angaa. ass. andamana. mwandiko, mwandikaji, mwandishi, 2 umeandama. new moon. eyes on something, stare. Cf. an g 3i uandikishaji, uandishi. follow one another, go together/in a angalifu, angavu, kianga, kiangaza, angema 1. be despondent/dejected. 2. be

company; walk in a line or row (proces- maangalio, maangalizi, mwanga, timid/timorous. andikanya ass. -caus. of andika. sion, demonstration). Cf. andamano, mwangalifu, mwangalizi, mwangaza, andamo, mwandamano, mwandamo, uangaliaji, uangalifu, uangavu. hang up (on the wall, on a , (usually maandiko) 1. what is mwandani, uandamano, uandamizi. andiko (ma-) etc.). Cf. langa, angama, angua. inscrip- written: manuscript, text, book, angaika see hangaika. address, label, heading, title; andamano, andamizi (ma-) {usually tion, -angu poss. pron. 1st pers. sing. my. recent (written) statement, communique. maandamano, maandamizi) 1. series, angalao see angao. mtoto wangu. my child, nyumba yangu. 2. pi., rel. scriptures. Maandiko Mata- sequence, succession. 2. procession, my house. katifu. The Holy Scriptures. 3. prepara- demonstration. Cf. andama. angalia appl. of angaa. tion, arrangement. Cf. andika. angua (inv. of langa) 1. take off/down, see andamizi (ma-) (usually maandamizi) angalifu adj. cautious, careful; consid- throw down, bring down; drop. — nazi. rare hang, be suspended, langa, wanga 1. erate. andama, andamano. Cf. angaa. pick coconuts. 2. hatch. — mayai. hatch float (in the air). 2. bewitch, enchant, eggs. 3. pass into a state of..., fall con- cast a spell. 3. spend the night. Cf. andamo adj. following, subsequent, angama (stat. of langa) hang, be suspend- into... — kicheko (machozi). burst out 3 new angama, angika, angua, chango, kiango. secutive, mwezi mwandamo. rare ed (in, on); hover, float (in the air); be laughing, burst into tears, appl. angulia.

moon. Cf. andama. caught on, be stuck/tangled. — mtini. intr. anguka. 1. fall down; drip, trickle; 2anga (ma-) 1. brightness, radiance, be caught/tangled in the tree. caus. crash (of an airplane). 2. be ruined. preparation, brilliance. — la jua. sunlight. — la andao (ma-) {usually maandao) angamiza. cause to hang, hang up; (fig.) 3. be seized by, be overtaken by. intr.- lighting, cook- mwezi. moonlight. 2. tech. arrangement, provision, measure; store, stockpile. Cf. 2uangamizi. appl. angukia. fall down (into, on, be- illumination. 3. psych, intuition, per- ing (of food). Cf. andaa. fore), angukia miguu. prostrate oneself ception. 4. meteor., av. sky, space; angamia perish, be ruined; fail, be un- at someone's feet. caus. angusha. hali ya anga. pastry, atmosphere, weather, andazi (ma-) {usually maandazi) successful; be destroyed, caus. cause to fall, fell, bring down; ruin. conditions, anga la juu. orbit, garnishing; weather confectionery; seasoning, angamiza. destroy, ruin. Cf. maanga- Cf. anguko, kiangushio, mwangushi. angani. cosmos, space, chombo cha pastry/confectionery shop. Cf. andaa. mizi, maangamizo, mwangamizi,

uangamio, luangamizi. anguka intr. of angua. .

anguko 14 apizo April 15 asfari

— ya barua. Aprili* \_Engl.~\ April. anguko (ma-) (usually maanguko) 1. fall, anwani* (— ) address, andika arifu* 1. state, report, inform (usually by drop, collapse, crash, maanguko ya address a letter. letter); tell, relate, say. 2. adj. well- apua inv. of apa. informed, maji. waterfall. 2. fig. downfall, decay, educated; experienced, versed, start, set about (something). ruin. 3. Tuin(s) (of a building, etc.). anza begin, proficient. Cf. maarifa, maarufu, taarifa, — kazi. begin to work. appl. anzia. Arabu*: Bara Arabu. Arabia. (= Uarabu.) Cf. angua. umaarufu. caus. anzisha, or double appl. -caus. Cf. Mwarabu. anziliza. found, establish, arithi* angusha caus. of angua. anzilisha, rare want, wish. anzisha chama. found a party. Cf. ^Arabuni* (— ) 1. an object of Arabian chanzo, maanzilisho, mwanzilishi, origin. 2. sing. Arabia. Cf. Mwarabu; aroba ania* 1. intend, plan, propose, have in see arba. uanzishaji. also ^Manga. mind, anaania kazi ya ualimu. He mwanzo,

intends tO DCCOiac a icaiuu. -. „..,^,.u, ^arabuni* (— ) deposit, advance (payment). ) depraved/despised person. 2. forty days fight for. aliania maisha yake. He anzali* (— of impurity of a woman after childbirth. arba. fought for his life. Cf. nia, nuia. Cf. anzilisha, anziliza double appl. -caus. of araka* (— ) arrack; any intoxicating liquor.

anza. arteri* ) anika, janika put out to dry /air. - nyama LEngl.J (— see ateri. arba*, aroba arch. four. = nne.) -a —• (samaki). dry meat (fish). - nguo. air/ ( fourteen. — Anzwani* Anjouan (island of the ). fourth, arbalashara. mia. arubaini* see dry clothes. Cf. anua. arobaini. four hundred.

please, 1-ao poss. pron. 3rd pers. plur. their. arufu* see harufu. anisi* 1. [also taanisi, taanasa) nchi yao. their country, nchi zao. their arbaini* see arobaini. delight, cause pleasure, be pleasing.

countries. arusi*, harusi (— ) wedding (ceremony and 2. adj. pleasant, delightful; luxurious. arda lay eggs. festivity), bwana — . bridegroom, bibi — Cf. anasa.

2ao* see au. bride, fanya — . get married.

ardhi* (— ) ground, earth; (dry) land (as anjili* (-) see injili. swear sea); world, apa swear, take an oath. — Kurani. opp. to (rare) globe. asa*, wasa forbid, prohibit; warn. by the Koran, caus. 1. apisha, (rare) ankachifu* lEngl.l {-) handkerchief. (w. int. force) ari* ) 1. shame, disgrace, dishonor. afya. put on oath. caus. 2. (— asaa* conj., arch. if. apiza. swear at, curse, caus. 1-pass. 2. special effort exerted to prevent ankra* [/»<*.] (-) 1. bill of lading; bill, sworn in, take an oath being disgraced, will to succeed/win. (kw)apishwa. be asali* (— ) honey, syrup. — ya nyuki. invoice. 2. label, tag, ticket. honey. oath. (of office), inv. apua. break an — ya miwa. molasses, prov. fuata nyuki 3. mortgage. kiapo, mwapaji, mwapizi, aria* (— ) rare part, section, party, Cf. apizo, ukale — . Follow the bee and you will get ^uapo. (eat) honey. (= Attach anna* -LlndJ (-) anna (1/16 of a ). yourself to the aridhia* explain, expound, demonstrate; right friend.) Cf. rupia. aparati* [.Germ. ?] (-) apparatus. inform, report; interpret, aliniaridhia away (- nyambo vya kufania kazi.) maneno. He explained (interpreted) the asante*, ahsante thanks. — sana. Thank anua {inv. of anika) remove, take words for me. washing. you very much, toa (sema) — . thank. (out of the sun), take down apizo (ma-) (us. maapizo) curse, impreca- intr. anuka. be dry (of washing), fig. raining tion, invective. Cf. apa. aridhilihali* (— ) rare, arch, request, asfari* adj. rare yellow. (= kumeanuka sasa. It has stopped kimanjano.) petition; memorandum. It has cleared up. .

astahili 17 auka aspinni 16

people are maasi, astahili* see stahili. strangers. 3. in requests for (us. pi.) revolt, rebellion. Cf. asha cans, of aka. for repetition: — umesema nini? What did mwasi, uasi. aste* ilnd.J adv., rare slowly. (= polepole.) you say? ashakum* Excuse it. Pardon the expres- see . a vulgar word asikari* (-) sion. (Used in for asubuhi*, asubui, asuhukhi 1. (— ) morning. atia* see ^hatia.

or expression). — na mapema. in the early morning, tangu origin, source, home; asili* (— ) 1- beginning; — hata jioni. from morning to evening. atibu* scold, swear, abuse, insult; blame, foundation, basis; (gramm.) root; (math.) ashara* arch. ten. (~ kumi.) 2. adv. in the morning. Cf. sabahi. find fault with, criticize, reprimand; be denominator. 2. ancestor, forebear; dissatisfied, appl. atibia. intr. atibika. ancestry. 3. nature, tempera- asherati. descent, asharati* (-) see asubui* (— ) see asubuhi. ment. 4. essence, basic principle; aiika replant, Uauspitiiil, piaiil uui. (sKKu.ii.iif!, something). 5. adv. originally, ona — reason (for ashekali* 1. rare improvement, asusa* (— ) 1. meat dish. 2. something old times. cuttings). the beginning, by nature; in better, im- from note improvement. 2. adj. eaten when one is drinking alcoholic bever- babu — of original/proved quality. proved (after an illness). ages. atikali* rare understand, know; estimate. asilia. 6. adj.: -a -. original. Cf.

asharati (-) 1. dissipation, ata* see acha. be injured, deformed (after an asherati*, real, true. atilika* rare asilia* adj. original, genuine, prodigality, waste; debauch, excess; , accident or illness). Cf. asili. amusement, good time. 2. adultery, atamia, tamia, latatnia brood, hatch (eggs),

immorality, fornication. Cf. caus. atamisha, atamiza. Atlantiki* [.Engl. J (-) geogr. Atlantic asisha* caus. of *asi. mwasherati, uasherati. (Ocean).

ateri*, arteri [Engl.j 1. anat. artery. pass. 2. fig. asisiwa found, establish; appoint, ishirini. asherini* see arterial road, main route. atlasi* (— ) silk cloth, nguo ya — . satin. asiswa. be named/appointed.

in , love passion- ishiki*, ashki 1. be athari* (— ) 1. mark, spot, blemish. 2. scratch, atomiki* [Engl. J adj. —a—, (or kiatomik). jskafu* (ma-) see askofu. passion for, be enamored ately, have a abrasion, wound, scar, sore. 3. fig. fault, atomic, nuclear, bomu la — . atomic bomb. passionate desire; { # 2. {—) love, defect, mistake, omission, deficiency, ana asikari (-) 1. warrior, soldier, fondness; yearning, askari*, feeling, affection, - — ya jicho. He has only one eye (euph.). atua split, chop (wood); tear, crack, intr. military man. 2. guard, overseer. tia — evoke affection/yearn- 4. influence. 5. v.: (ku)athari. to influ- be split, torn, imeatuka kwa longing, prison guard. atuka. nchi polisi. policeman. - jela. ing. Cf. shauku. ence. Cf. athiri. joto la jua. The ground is cracked from - . local constable/constabulary theheatof the sun. Cf. mwatuko. rather than uniform). give (wearing kanzu ashiria* signal, inform promptly, athiri* damage, injure, destroy, disfigure, de- - wapanda farasi. cavalry. Cf. uaskari. indication/warning. Cf. = someone an face, pass, athiri wa. be corrupted. Cf. au*, ao conj. or. — ... — . either ... or. ( ama.)

ishara. mkuu. athari. askofu*, askafu (ma-) bishop. - bishop. aua 1. inspect, examine, investigate, check archbishop. - msaidizi. auxiliary ashki* see ashiki. ati!, eti! interj. 1. exclamation to attract at- on. — skuli. inspect a school. 2. survey, Cf. uaskofu. tention: Hey! Hey there! — wewe! Hey, mark out, lay out. — shamba. survey (mark disobedient, not meet an asi*, aasi 1. be sukutu. you! 2. exclamation introducing a state- out) a field, appl. aulia. intr. auka. askuti* Be still! Silence! Cf. rebel, wameasia obligation; revolt, ment: Say..,, Listen... — ! yasemwa watu caus. auza or ausha, have rebelled again* serikali yao. They aspirin. wale ni wageni ! Say, they tell me those aspirini* [EnglJ (-) pharm. asisha. incite auka rare develop, open up (). their government, caus. agitate. 2. (ma-) to rebellion, stir up, 19 baba 18

at first, in the first place, ^azima lend, borrow; borrow something azimo (ma-) (usually maazimo) something more impor- 2. adj. & aeZw. aula* adj. better, superior, almost, beginning; earlier, formerly; from someone (without leaving an borrowed or : loan, debt. Cf. azima. hili ni in the tant, more suitable, - ya nchi. border/boundary/ equivalent or furnishing security), better (more nearly. 3.: aula... This matter is (i.e., where the appl. maazimo, azimu* 1. do magic, cast spells. 2 intend, unimportant/ frontier of a country azimia. Cf. mwazimo, important)... si -. It is = mwanzo, kwanza). determine, propose. azimio (maazi- country begins; asili, uazimaji. Cf. inconsequential. mio).

rare ~ azimio. sup- awaza* see awadha. ^azima* (ma-) awuni, awini 1. help, assist, auni*, aziri* see adhiri. aunika. cans. port, appl. aunia. intr. (kind of ). assistance, sup- awesia* (-) awesia azimio* (ma-) {usually maazimio) 1. in- aunisha. 2. rare help, tention, purpose, resolution; motive. azizi* 1. (— ) rarity, treasure. 2. adj. muawana. port. Cf. i __. - j / __. _ __ _ i awini* see auni. 2. proposal, scheme, project, pian. i 3. pari, motion. — la kutokuwa na ce (=28.3gr.>. aunsi* lEnglJ W °™ awuni* see auni. imani. no-confidence motion. Cf. azur* (— ) see * zuri. azimu. uracil. uradi* see paragraph (of a laya* (-) section, part, the Koran). book), verse (esp. of ausha caus. of aua.

(children's) nurse(maid). permanence, 2aya* (-) aushi* (-) rare 1. life. 2. (= Imlezi.) -. durable durability, vyungu vya

pottery. Cf. ishi. ayala* (-) stag, hart.

ausi see eusi. rascal, cheat, swindler, some of th< layari*. ajari (-) baa*, balaa, balia ( — ) 1. evil; disaster, quantity, some. — ya watu. - huyu wamegawanyika — scoundrel, prov. mwangalie disturbance, calamity, catastrophe, people. Wanafunzi „l;* C_-1 sccsee awali. auwali \—l out for the scoundrel students are divided into aliyeko mtini. Watch mvua hii imetuletea baa na balaa. This mbili. The sections. who is in the tree. rain has led to a great catastrophe. two auza caws, of aua. 2. pestilence, epidemic. 3. person who chain. 2. rope upright. 2 naut. 1. anchor trouble or does damage. baathi*, buathi rare set up, place waste; squander. aya ri (-) creates dial, destroy, avya 3. pulley, block. money (prop- for hoisting a sail. - fedha (mail), squander baada* prep, after, behind {usually — ^baba (— ) 1. father, (paternal) uncle. — erty). you. (= asanti.) ay e arch, thank ya after). — ya miaka mingi. after mkubwa (mdogo). uncle (older/younger work. brother of one's father). — Mtakatifu. away. many years. — ya kazi. after dial, go out, go awa fore- aza see waza. Cf. baidi. Holy Father, Pope. 2. ancestor, bear. 3. patron, protector. 4, guard, assign, allot; awadha*, awaza rare beginning. eternal, without < watchman. ubaba; also babu. mwawazi. azali* adj.,rel. baadaye* ( baada yake) adv. & conj. Cf. arrange, organize. Cf. thereafter, afterwards, after, then; next. nose ring. start, azama* (-) *rch. <-) beginning, awali*, auwali 1. baadhi* ( — part, section (of a larger - hata aheri. from ) inception, tangu magic. (-) talisman, charm; (small) amount/ ^baba rare fasten/tie tightly. - ni -, hakuna lazima* whole or number); beginning to end. prov. or nothing. - mbovu. Take the first .

badilifu bahasha 20 badili babaika

badilifu* adj. exchangeable, interchange- baghairi*, minghairi 1. prep., conj. with- category; character, able; changeable, inconstant; un- apart stammer 2babu* (-) kind, sort, fig. out, from, except. 2. adv. exclusive- babaika, babayika 1. stutter, of superior stable, whimsical. badili, ubadilifu. deliriously, rave (in quality. - kubwa (ndogo) Cf. ly. Cf. ghairi. (from fear). 2. talk (character). deceive, (inferior) quality etc.). caus. babaisha. a fever, = ubabaiko. badiliko*, badilisho (usually mabadiliko, baghala* (— ) mule. ( nyumbu). swindle, cheat. Cf. babaiko, remove (skin, mabadilisho) change, babua pull off, strip off, (ma-) alteration, babulia. words, clean, polish, appl. , transformation (conditions, baghami* 1. (— ) fool, stupid person. babayiko (ma-) meaningless rind); babaiko, disfiguring expla- babuka. suffer from a customs, practices). Cf. badili. 2. adj. foolish, stupid. nonsense; confused/unintelligible intr. skin disease. nation. Cf. babaika. badilisho* (ma-) see badiliko. bagua separate, detach; discriminate,

• • • replacement, i - i i - - i _ .- Ibadala* (-) substitute, ~~n lc 5 at ~> U1V1UC lip, lay asiuc, pUl. babaisha caus. of babaika. - ya. instead of. Cf. away. appl. bagulia. appl. -intr. bagu- representation. ^badiri* ( — ) 1. meteor, celestial phenome- lika. be separated/divided; in disagree- marine snail). badili. non. 2. omen. babaje (-) babaje (large ment/conflict, intr. baguka. intr. -ass. bagukana. dispute with one another; be convince. 2. fight, ?] Badala (name of an babaka 1. prove; argue; 2badala* llnd. badiri* see badhiri. opposed to one another in hostile camps, struggle. Indian sect). be divided (into parties, factions). Cf. bado* adv. 1. still, huyu ni mtoto — . He back ubaguzi. proletariat, (-) badani (front or babakabwela sing, badani*. bidani is still a child. 2. not yet (usually w. kanzu, q.v.). piece of a the negative particle -\a-). hawajafika bahameli*, mahameli (— ) velvet, corduroy. adv. just, then. babale [? 1 — . They have not yet arrived. embezzle, misappropriate, badhiri*, badiri 1. (metal), (money, property). bahari* (— ) 1. sea, ocean. — ya Sham. lightly, tap; hammer defalcate; squander babata strike bafe (— ) poisonous snake, puff adder extrava- . — ya Atlantiki. Atlantic Ocean. (- mbawa) flutter, beat also badhirifu wasteful, intr. babatika. 2. adj. (Bitis arietans). — ya Arktiki. Arctic Ocean. — ya Hindi. badhirifu, budhara, mbadhiri, (with the ). gant. Cf. . — Nyeusi. Black Sea. ubadirifu. bafta*, bafuta (— ) bafta (thin, bleached — ya Pasifiki. Pacific Ocean, safiri/ babayika see babaika. cotton cloth, used for lining clothes). extravagant. safari (ya) baharini. navigation. 2. fig. badhirifu* adj. wasteful, something vast or immeasurable. babaiko. ubadhirifu. Cf. babayiko (ma-) see Cf. badhiri, Ibafu* [Engl.l (-) bathtub, bath. baharia, ubaharia.

(species exchange. - shauri. babewana (-) ornith. badili* 1. change, babewatoto, = have a ^bafu (ma-) see pafu. baharia* (ma-) sailor, seaman. ( mwanamaji.) one's mind. - hewa. of) owl. change recuperation). - Cf. bahari, ubaharia. change of air (rest,

nguo. change bafuta* (— ) see bafta. (someone). change money. - babia overfeed fedha. intr. badilika. bahasa* adj. cheap, reasonable (in price), clothes. appLbadilia.

change, alter- bagala* \_Ind. J (— ) bagala (sailing vessel worth the money. grandfather. 2. ancestor, badilibadili. 2. (ma-) Ibabu (-, ma-) 1. int. exchange; innovation. with large stern, usually two-masted). Mababu wa Kanisa. ation, modification; forbear, patriarch. badiliko, mbadi- bahasha* (— , ma-) 1. envelope. 2. bag, Church. 3. respectful 1 badala, badilifu, the Fathers of the Cft ubadilishaji. bagawa use indecent/filthy language. sack. 3. package, bundle. an old man. Cf. lishaji, ubadilifu, term of address for 1 baba. . .

bahashika 22 bald bako 23 bambo

amebaini. That murderer is now recognized. bahashika* be deceived/embarrassed/ bakora* (-) 1. stick; walking-stick, cane. bearing stage. 3. (ma-) (also mbalehe, 2. make clear, show. intr. bainika and confused. - ya kiaskofu. rel. crozier. 2. blow wa-) girl or boy at the age of puberty, intr.-ass. bainikana. be clear/obvious/ (with a stick). 3. fee (given by a father mtoto huyu sasa -. This girl is now at irrefutable. baina, bainifu, bayana, bahati*, bakhti (— ) 1. luck, fortune; Cf. to the master who teaches his son a the age of puberty. Cf. ubalehe. success. — nasibu. lottery. — njema. mbayana, ubainifu. trade). good luck, success. — mbaya. bad luck, bali* conj. but, however, on the contrary. misfortune, ana bahati. He has good bainifu* adj. clear, plain, apparent, bakshishi*, bakhshishi (-) gratuity, gift, obvious, evident, manifest, generally luck. He is successful, hana bahati. alms, tip, donation, bonus. 2 bali* Llnd.'] He is unlucky /unsuccessful. 2. lot, fate, known. Cf. baini. (-) earring.

destiny. 3. chance, accident. 4, -a — bakua see bakwia.

haisikeli*, haiskeli lEngl.1 (-) bicycle. balia* ( — ) see baa.

bahatika, bahatisha, bahatisho. bakuli* (-) (also kibakuli, vi-) basin,

baiskeli* (— ) see baisikeli. balozi* (ma-) 1. -hist, administrator, deep dish, tureen, kibakuli cha chumvi. political agent. bahatika* be lucky/fortunate. Cf. bahati. saltcellar. 2. representative of a bajia* llnd. J bajia (small cake made of foreign country (ambassador, minister,

flour, ground beans, and pepper). consul). Cf. ubalozi. bahatisha* try one's fortune, trust to luck; bakwia, bakua take by force, rob, plunder. guess, speculate, hazard. Cf. bahati. Cf. ubakuaji. Bajuni, Bajun (ma-) member of the Bajuni balungi* llnd. Pers. ?] (-) grapefruit. tribe, native of the coast north of Mombasa. Cf. mbalungi. ) 1. guesswork. 2. bahatisho* (— comm. balaa* (— ) see baa adventurism. Cf. bahati, bahatisha. baka* (ma-) mark on the body, birthmark; balamwezi (-) see mbalamwezi. bamba (-) rare discussion; affair, scar; ringworm; marking (of animals), bahili* 1. {— , ma-) miser, prov. mali ya matter; advice. (= shauri.) stigma. — huliwa na wadudu. The property of a (fig.) balanga (-) see mbalanga.

miser is apt to be eaten by insects. 2. 2 bamba 1. arrest, catch, detain. 2. resist, bakhshishi* (-) see bakshishi. adj. miserly, parsimonious, stingy, balari* (-) (kind of) chisel. oppose. frugal. Cf. ubahili. bakhti* (-) see bahati. Halasi* (-, ma-) balasi (large jug for bamba (ma-) 1. any thin, flat object: sheet be apart/separated; be by oneself/ baidi* storing water). remain metal, cardboard, paper. - la chuma. distant/remote, caus. baidisha. baki* 1. remain, be left over, caus. bakisha, sheet of metal. - la . shell of a segregate; avoid. baada. behind, appl. bakia. separate, Cf. 2 balasi* (-) see barasi. tortoise. rare bakiza. 2. (ma-) remainder, residue, 2. tin (container, for gasoline, 2 remnant; (math.) remainder (in sub- etc.). Cf. 'bambo, bambo, baina*, bayana (-) clarity, certainty, in- balbu* lEngl.] z mbamba, ubamba, ubambo. balance. 3. n. adj. (-) (electric-light) bulb. controvertible fact. — ya. between, traction), & neutrality, impartiality; neutral, among, in the midst of. — ya Tanga na bambika dip, bale (ma-) augment, ubale (larger soak, steep (in water). impartial, mtu — . a neutral/impartial of than Daressalam, between Tanga and Dar 2 a quarrel, etc.) siasa ya — mbale). es Salaam. — ya watu. among the person (in bambo (-) 1. sampling pol. (policy of) neutrality. rod (for examining people. Cf. baini. baiegi* see baiehe. the contents of sacks). 2. walking-stick.

bakiza* caus. baki. Cf. bamba. baini*, bayini 1. see clearly, recognize, of balehe*, baiegi 1. be ready for marriage, know with certainty, yule mwuaji sasa 2bambo (ma-) strip reach puberty. 2. bot. reach the fruit- of palm-leaf (used to weave baskets and mats). Cf. <* bamba. ) .

24 bambu bangili bango 25 baraka

bambua peel/strip off. bandari*, bendari LPers.J (— ) harbor, bango (ma-) 1. broad part of the palm-leaf bapa (ma-) 1. flat or slightly curved port, anchorage, roadstead, bandari ya stem, 2. fender, mud-guard (bicycle, surfac?. — la mpanga. flat (side) of a bamia* (ma-) bot. olcra (lady's fingers, mto. river port. Cf. mbandarini. automobile). 3. placard, sign. sword. — la kisu. blade of a knife. fruit of the mbamia, Hibiscus esculentas). 2, adj. flat, level, sura — . level sur-

bandera* (— ) see bendera. banguzi (ma-) (large) wound, sore, abscess. face. Cf. ubapa. bamvua (ma-) spring-tide.

bandi (ma-) stitch (in sewing); a row of baniani (ma-) see banyani. bara* ( — ) 1. land, mainland, interior (as bana press, squeeze, pinch, crush, intr. stitches, fanya (shona) — . stitch, sew. opp. to coast). 2. territory, continent. banika. be fixed (meat, fish) on a spit; banika {intr. of bana.) roast, toast. Cf. — ya Afrika (Ulaya). continent of Africa (w. trans, roast (on a spit, at a bandia* llnd., Ar. ?] (-) 1. bolt of cloth. force) kibaniko. (). — Arabu. Arabia. fire), toast, cans, ban za. inv. bannas 2. mtotrs iv a -, drill. loosen, release pressure, separate, take banja crack (nuts, etc.), break, break baraba* see barabara. apart. — miguu. spread the legs. Cf. bandika 1. fit together, join, connect, open. Cf. mbanjo. bano, banzi, kibaniko, kibanzi, mbano. fasten to, attach, stick on, affix, fasten/ ^barabara* 1. ( — ) wide road, highway. glue down. — stempu. affix a stamp. — banki* (— ) see benki. kanuni za barabarani. traffic regulations. banada*, banaderi LPers. ? J (— ) 1. Somali dawa. apply a plaster. 2. fig. attach av. runway, landing strip. 2. coll. oneself to someone, amejibandika kwa Coast. 2. ports on the coast north of bano (ma-) clamp, vise, press. C bana. f. prostitute. Mombasa. Cf. bandari. fulani. He has taken up with X.

3. load — mzigo. put on a load. (up). banua inv. of bana. bandikiza. inv. 2barabara*, baraba LPers.'] adj. & adv. banaderi* (— ) see banada. caus. bandikisha, bandua. loosen, remove, strip off (bark, proper, right, regular, correct. banyani*, baniani [_Ind. J ( — ) Hindu skin). mbandiko, mbanduko. banagiri* (— ) see bangili. Cf. (neither Moslem nor Christian); Banyan,

baradhuli*, bardhuli (— , ma-) 1. ordinary (Indian) small retail tradesman, crafts- bandikiza caus. .bandika. person. 2. stupid person, fool. 3, banajili* (— ) see bangili. of man (carpenter, tinsmith, barber). rascal. 4. fop, dandy. Cf. ubaradhuli.

Banawasi* see Abunuwasi. ^bandua inv. of bandika. banza caus. of bana. barafu* LPers.J (— ) ice. mto wa ~. glacier. banzi 1. *banda (ma-) 1. hut, shed. 2. workshop, ^bandua chop up (wood). (ma-) rod, pole; spit (for roasting factory. 3. stable. — la farasi. horse meat). 2. peg, pin; stick of wood. 3. baragumu* (— , ma-) 1. horn (used as an garage. la med. splint. Cf. bana. stable. — la motakaa. — banduru* (— ) naut. bilge, ship's well. instrument for giving signals, 'war- gari. railway station. — la ndege. horn'). 2. name of a newspaper appear- erected on bao, bau (ma-) (also mbao, mi-) 1. board, hangar. — la starehe. shed ) (kind of fish). bange (— bange ing in Tanganyika. plantations as a rest place for workers. plank. — la kuruka. diving-board, . 2. divining board, piga — Cf. kibanda. bangi* Llnd. J (— ) hemp, hashish, vuta baraji* (— ) naut. halyard. prophesy, tell fortunes. 3. bao or bao la — . smoke hashish. mtaji. game played on a board. 4. fig., ^banda (— ) flower-stem of the coconut palm. baraka* (-) 1. blessing, benefaction. sport goal, score, bangili*, banagiri, banajili Llnd. A (— tuliwafunga (coll. 2. fortune, luck, hana — . He has had bad tuliwapiga) mabao sita. We scored six (chased silver) bracelet. — za mguu. bandama (— ) anat. spleen. (= wengu.) luck. 3. prosperity, advantage. 4. rare goals. 5. platform (at railroad stations). ankle ring. gift. Cf. bariki, kibaraka, tabaruki. Cf. kibao, kimbaombao, ubao. . .

barakinya 26 basba basbasi 27

barakinya* \_Port. J (— ) rare, naut. brig, mildness, gentleness, maneno ya — basbasi* - basibasi. bathdei* [Engl.] (-) birthday. schooner. gentle words. 5. med. (intermittent)

fever. — yabis(i). rheumatism. Cf. bati (ma-) 1. tin, , tia -. coat or line basha* barakoa* (— ) veil, mask. buruda, burudi, kiburudishaji, kibu- [.Turk.'] (-) cards king ith tin. 2. sheet-metal, galvanized rudisho, maburudisho, ubaridi, iron > corrugated iron, nyumba ya - bashiri* barangeni*, burangeni [Pers.] (— ) two- uburudisho. 1. predict, announce; interpret. mabati) . ( corrugated-iron hut. fundi wa colored dhow. 2. report, bring news; deliver, convey -. sheet-metal worker. (a report, bariki* bless; bloom, thrive, prosper, be news). - heri! I hope it is good barare (— ) see parare. successful, appl. barikia. 1. bless news. Cf. .bashiri, ubashiri. batili* 1. revoke, declare invalid, cancel, someone. 2. accept a final bid, knock annul, appl. batilia. caus. batilisha. barasati* Und.j {-) muiticoiorecl woven down (at an auction), pass, barikiwa. 1 basi*, bassi, bas conj. I. at the 2. {also batilifu) adj. invalid, worth- fabric. De approved/ratified (by a government). beginning of a clause: less well, and then, . ineffective; dishonest, insincere, Cf. baraka. so. twende. - Well, let's go. 2. alone: deceitful. Cf. mbatilifu, ubatili. barasi*, balasi ( — ) med. eruption, rash; very well, agreed, OK; stop.

leprosy. bariyo* (— ) leftover (food saved for the batilifu see batili 2. following morning). 2 basi* [Engl.] (ma-) (motor)bus. barawaji* Und.j (— ) barawaji (fabric with batini* (-) rare innermost thoughts/ gold threads). barizi* 1. receive guests, give an audience; basibasi* intentions. (-) nutmeg (the spice). Cf. convene a council. 2. attend a meeting. kungumanga, mkungumanga. of doors, baraza* (— ) 1. orig. reception room, 3. sit (together) out appl. batiza* [Engl.'] rel. baptize. Cf. entrance hall. 2. recent assembly, barizia. ass. bariziana. Cf. baraza. bassi* see basi. mbatizaji, ubatizo. meeting; council, committee. — ya

mawaziri. cabinet (of ministers). — la barua* (— ) 1. letter, document. — ya ndege. balH * (_) nauL bastola*. pistola [Port.] (-) pistol, < shi P's) log(-book). kufanya sheria. legislative assembly. airmail letter. — ya mtengenezaji. revolver. — editorial, leading , andikiana — la Amani la Dunia. World Peace bato (ma-) 1. med. ringworm (on the head). Council. — la Usalama. Security correspond (with each other), 2. docu- 2 Sp0t basua* ' mark (on the skin (-) confusion (of ideas), weakness ' )' Council. — kuu. parliament. — Kuu la ment, testimonial, certificate. — ya (of intellect). Cf. mbasua. Jumuiya ya Madola. General Assembly fedha. (postal) money-order. Cf. batobato (ma-) {also kibatobato, vi-) of the . 3. members of kibarua. bata (ma-) 1. duck. marking(s), - Bukini. goose. spot, stripe (of animals). a council or cabinet; elders of a tribe. - mzinga. . 2. {also batabata, Cf. barizi. barubaru* (ma-) vigorous young man. batua) walk like a duck, waddle, walk 2 batobato Cf. beberu(?). (ma-) open, level place- (rare)

flatfooted. j • dancing place., barazahi* (— ) rel. paradise. (= peponi, barudi* (— ) see baruti. ferdausi.) batabata see bata 2. batua see bata 2. bardhuli* (— , ma-) see baradhuli. baruti*, barudi [Turk. J (— ) gunpowder.

batela*. betela [Port. ?] (-) batela . bau (ma } see bao< baridi* ^— ) 1= cold, frost; damp, vita — * bas* see basi- (small boat).

cold war. pata — . catch cold, ugonjwa baura* [Engl, bower wa — . cold, chill, ague. 2. wind, air, basbas* (— ) see basibasi. ?] (_) anchor (with bateri* (_) see betri. two 3. coolness, refreshment. 4. fig. flukes). ) .

begi 28 bega 29 bendi

kwa — — . shoulder to shoulder, hand in ^avu, rabavu (ma-) strength, power; force, bazazi* (ma-), mbazazi (wa-) 1. dealer, beleko (ma-) see mbeleko. hand, closely (inter-)connected, in- trader; speculator, gambler. 2. cheat, violence, coll. usiniletee — ! Don't separable. sharper, belenga strut, show off; boast, force me ! swindler. Cf. ubazazi. brag.

begi* [.Engl. ] ( J) bag, sack. beba 1. carry, transport (in gen.), caus. belewasi* (-) kind of . ^bavu (ma-) augment, of ubavu. bebesha. put a load on the back/head;

behedani (— ) see bedani. steal, swipe. 2. recent tune (a belghamu* (-) see belaghami. bavuni, ubavuni adv. along, alongside, (fig.) radio, etc.). sidewards, at the side; on the other behewa* (ma-) 1. orig. inner court of beluwa* [ind. , Pers. ?] (_) difficulty, side. Cf. ubavu. houses. 2. empty space bebea see pepea. (in gen.). trouble, care, worry.

nyumba hi i ni — . This house consists bawa (ma-) (augment, of ubawa) wing of a single room (i.e., is not divided up beberu 1. {ma-) billy goat; male animal bemba 1. carry tales, meddle in someone's (of a bird or airplane). by partitions). 3. railroad car. — la (especially of certain domestic vari- affairs. 2. flatter; wheedle, coax; flirt. abiria (bidhaa). passenger (freight) car. eties); (fig.) strong man. 2. adj. hard, 3. annoy, pester, appl. bembea. double bawaba* (ma-) hinge a door, etc.). (of 4. storage area. strong; recent dictatorial, imperialis- appl.-int. bembeleza. pet, caress (a Cf. bawabu. child); tic, serikali ya kibeberu. dictatorial (fig,) coax, persuade. Cf. bembe,

bei* (-) value, price, fanya — . set a government. Cf. ubeberu, barubaru (?). bembejea, *mbembe, ubembelezi. bawabu* (ma-) doorkeeper, porter. — wa price, pandisha — . push up the price, gereza. guard in a prison. Cf. bawaba, piga — . bargain, dicker, hati ya — bebesha caus. of beba. bembe (ma-) confectionery, dessert (pre- ubawabu. bill of sale, contract. sented as a gift during Ramadhan and on visits). bedani*, behedani [Pers.J (— ) 1. bedani Cf. bemba. bawasili*, bawasiri (— ) med. hemor- beit* rare house. — al mal. treasury. (sticky substance used for dressing rhoids, piles. women's hair). 2. of the bedani bembea rare see pembea. beja scorn, disdain, treat with contempt. . bawasiri (— ) see bawasili. Cf. beza. bembejea obtain by coaxing; curry favor,

bedari see habedari. ingratiate oneself. Cf. bemba. baya 1. adj. bad, evil, wicked, mtu beki* [.Engl. ] (ma-) sport back. mbaya. bad person, chakula kibaya. bedawi (ma-) see bedui. bendari* (-) see bandari. bad food. 2. adv. vibaya, kubaya. bekua 1. keep off, divert. — mpira. leo — nje. The weather is bad today. (receive and) return a ball, lazima bedeni* (ma-) bedeni (Arab sailing vessel bendera*, bandera [Port.1 (-) flag, 3. (ma-) see mabaya. Cf. ubaya. ubekue mbu. Mosquitos must be kept with cut-water and sharp stern). banner, tweka -. hoist the flag, bendera off. 2. treat with contempt. 3. take hufuata upepo. The flag flutters in the J-bayana* adj., adv. clear, plain, by force. bedui*, bedawi (ma-) 1. bedouin, nomad. wind. fig. yeye ni - hufuata upepo. He obvious; legible; well-known, famous. 2. vagrant, tramp. turns like a flag in the wind (= he is baina, baini, mbayana. Cf. belaghami*, belghami, belghamu (— fickle /unreliable). 1. mucus, saliva, phlegm. 2. med. bee see labeka.

^bayana* (— ) see baina. discharge, excretion. bendi*, beni [Engl. J (-) (jazz-)band, bega (ma-) shoulder (of man or animal). orchestra. beled* (-) see buldani. bayini* see baini. chukua begani. carry on the shoulder. ) . .

31 biki beneti 30

*bia (ma-) clay vessel, basin. bichi (dial, biti) adj. 1. unripe, raw, beneti* [£ragL ] (-) bayonet. (= singe.) beseni* [Engl. J (-) basin, dish. fresh. 2. young, immature. 3. damp, moist (earth). ^bia* ) cooperation, Cf. ubichi, [/reef.] (-) besera (frame for (— partnership; bengi* (— ) see benki. besera* business mosquito-netting). company, changa — . assume

bidaa* (— ) see bidhaa. an equal share of expenses, hili ni beni* (— ) see bendi.

duka letu la . * (— ) see beti. — This is our joint business. bidani* (— ) see badani. benibeni* sideways, edgeways; askew, road or wrong, amiss. betabeta twist, wind, meander (of a bidhaa*, bidaa (— goods, merchandise. river); turn, rotate. 3bia* lEngl.l (-) beer. )

benki*, banki. bengi [Engl. J (— bidhalik(a)* see kadhalika. (savings-) bank. — ya shirika. coopera- betela* (-) see batela. biabia be industrious, diligent; like to do

tive bank. — ya akiba kwa njia ya something. bidi* strain, exert pressure; obligate, posta. postal savings bank. — ya beteri* (-) see betri. compel, force (always used impersonally). ugawaji. bank of issue. biashara* (— ) business, trade, commerce; inabidi. It is necessary. It must be. Ibeti*, bet (-) rare house. Cf. ubeti. business company, concern, fanya — imembidi kwenda. He had to go. appl. benua, binua stick out, protrude, put engage in trade, carry on business, bidia. caus. & intr. bidisha. refl. out one's mali ya — . merchandise, tangaza — forward. — kifua. throw ubeti. 2beti* pi. of jibidisha. exert oneself, make a special chest, swagger, appl. benulia. caus. advertise. — ya nje. foreign trade. — effort. Cf. bidii. benusha. Cf. mbenuko, mbinu. ya nchi(ni). domestic trade. 3beti* [.Engl, belt ?] (ma-) (cartridge)

i* pouch. bid i (— ) exertion, effort; diligence, benusha caus. of benua. bibi*, bi LPers.J (ma-) 1. madam, miss industry; energy, activity, alacrity, (term of polite address); lady, mistress elec. battery. betri*, beteri [.Engl.] (-) fanya — . exert oneself, display energy, bepari* &nd. ] (ma-) rare (dishonest) (of a household). — mkubwa. madam kwa — . diligent, energetic, industrious. merchant; hoarder, monopolist. Cf. (showing a higher degree of respect disregard, beua scorn, disdain, despise; Cf. bidi. kibepari, ubepari. than bibi alone). — harusi, bride. slight; detest, abhor; displease, offend. 2. grandmother. Cf. kibibi. appl. beulia. caus. beusha. bighairi* ya..., baghairi ya... without, bera despise, scorn, disdain; treat dis- except, apart from. Cf. ghairi. dainfully, contemptuously. bibidia show contempt (by protruding the beusha caus. of beua. lower lip). bihi* 1. forego, renounce, abdicate; flag. = bendera.) beramu* [Port.] (-) ( disre- beza think little of, scorn, despise; revoke, repudiate, withdraw. 2. forgive biblia* [Port.] (-) Bible. Cf. agano. gard, slight, neglect. Cf. bezo, mbezi. (a debt, etc.). berenge* (ma-) rare, railway car. Cf.

bibo* [Port. J (— ) bibo ( fruit). kiberenge. (usually words bezo (ma-) scorn, contempt of bikari* (— ) compass (for drawing circles). Cf. mbibo. or admonitions). Cf. beza. beresati* [lnd.1 (-) beresati (kind of bikira* (ma-) 1. virgin, virginity. 2. some- cloth). bichboi* [Engl.] ( — ) beach boy (who p-cp. uy, thing untouche assists passengers in the harbor). biki ri, u bikira. Cf. bila, bilashi, binafsi, bismillahi. bereu* [Port.] (-, ma-) 1. orig. mixture of oil and lime for caulking 2bi see bibi. boats. 2. mod. tar, asphalt, pitch. binada bikiri 32 binafsi 33 bisho

deflower, pass, bikiriwa. bilisi* 1. tempt, entice; stir up, incite. bikiri* Cf. binafsi* Lbi + nafsij 1. adv. personally, biriani (-) see birinzi. enticement, coll. bikira. 2. (— ) temptation, by myself, etc. nimefika hapa kwa ana — ya mpira. He is a fanatical foot- matembezi yangu binafsi. I have come Birigiji* \_Fr. Belgique] 1. adj. Belgian. bila* prep, without. — ruhusa (udhuru). ball fan. 3. (— ) see ibilisi. here on my own personal business. Kongo — . . 2. sing. without permission (excuse). — idadi. 2. n. = ( ubinafsi). birigiji (a kind of cloth of a light — kusita. without number, numberless. Ibiliwili (— ) biliwili (kind of fish). brownish yellow color).

constantly. Cf. bilashi. binamu* [bin + "^amu] (— ) cousin. birika* 2 biliwili (-) hot. thistle. (ma-) 1. (metal) vessel for water. (anything relating to a) town. biladia* (— ) Hinda* [ind. ] (ma-) hot. , lady's- 2. kettle. 3. tank, cistern.

billahi* see bilahi. finjrer (Hibiscus caculr.nt.iis ', bilahi*, billahi! inter j. by Allah! birimbi* [Port.l (-) see bilimbi.

bilula*, bulule [.At. ?] (-, ma-) (water-) ^binda* [Engl. J bind, hem, enclose. bilashi*, bileshi adv. in vain, for faucet, tap. biringa see viringa.

nothing, gratuitously, alimpiga — . He bindo (ma-) see kibindo. struck him without reason. Cf. bila. biringani*, bima* [ind. ] (-) 1. insurance. — ya biringanya (— , ma-) see life-insurance. — ya kitaifa ya bilingani. maisha. bingiria roll (a stone, etc.) intr, bingi- bilau* (-) [Pers.] pilau (rice boiled afya. national health insurance, mwenye rika. caus. bingirisha. with meat).. pilau. Cf. birinzi*, biriani [Pers.[\ ) birinzi kupiga — . insurance agent. 2. lottery, (— (highly spiced — . organize a lottery. dish of meat and rice). raffle, fanya bingwa 1. (ma-) capable/competent see bilauri. bilauli* (-) lottery, take a chance cheza — . hold a person (worker); specialist, expert. a lottery. bisari (— ) bisari (annual edible plant). in 2. adj. capable, competent. Cf. ubingwa. bilauri*, bilauli (-) glass, crystal;

drinking-glass. mil. bimbashi (rank bisbis* (-) see bisibisi. bimbashi* [Turk.l (-) bini* 1. forge, hammer. 2. forge, counter- officer). of noncommissioned feit, fake. Cf. mbini, ^ubini. lead, tia bildi* (-) 1. naut. (sounding) bisha 1. knock, rap (on a door). — mlango 2. -weight (piga) — . take soundings. ass. bimbiri- (hodi). ask admittance. 2. resist, bimbiriza flame up, flare up. binti* (ma-) 1. daughter (only in proper (of a clock). oppose; quarrel. 3. joke, zana. quarrel with each other, provoke/ names. — Ali. Daughter of Ali. . 4. naut. tack. ass. bishana. argue, dispute, exasperate each other. 2. forming names of certain birds and bileshi* see bilashi. quarrel (with each other); tease plants. — Athmani/Ali. (varieties of) (each other). bimbirizana ass. of bimbiriza. cassava. — Chuma. Kersten's weaver Cf. bishi, bisho, mabishano, bilimbi bilimbi*, birimbi {.Port.'] (-) = *mbishi, ubishi. finch ( kinanda). (fruit of the cucumber tree). Cf. bin* (— ) son (only in proper names). mbilimbi. bin Zaid. Son of Zaid. Cf. binadamu, binua see benua. bishaushi* [.Turk. ?] (ma-) sergeant. binamu, ^ubini.

bilingani*, biringani, biringanya (— , ma-) binya pinch, nip, tweak. bishi adj. 1. quarrelsome; nagging, (fruit of the) . Cf. mbilingani. + adamu) human being, binadamu* (-) (bin grumbling, fault-finding; obstinate.

man; fellow. Cf. kibinadamu, ubinadamu. 2. binzari* (— ) spice, {us. -) curry powder. humorous, fun-loving. Cf. bisha. bilioni* [Engl.1 (ma-) billion.

biri* Llnd. J (— ) tobacco leaf (rolled up bisho (-) 1. blow, knock (on the door).

for smoking). 2. naut. tacking, upepo ya — . head wind. Cf. bisha. boji 35 bonyea bisi 34 boi

boji* (— ) 1. intoxicating beverage, new bombwe (ma-) 1. carving, sculpture, beer. 2. oatmeal porridge. ornament. 2. pattern, model, kata bisi* [? ] (— ), mbisi (mi-) roasted/ bluu* see buluu. parched corn, maize; popcorn. mabombwe. carve figures/ornaments.

boba rare bind, tie. bokhari* (— ) see bohari. bisibisi*, bisbis [ind. ?1 (-) screw- bomoa break down, tear down, demolish; = boko (ma-) augment, driver, wrench. bobari* (— ) chisel, gouge , ( ngabu.) of kiboko. break through, pierce. — ukuta. tear down/pierce a wall. appl. bomolea.

bokoa 1. penetrate forcibly; decompose, intr. bomoka. caus. bomosha. biskiti* (— ) see biskuti. bobo* (— ) see popoo. Cf.

disintegrate; break in, invade. 2. have bomoko, mbomoshi. a biskuti*, biskiti [Engl. J (-) biscuit, boboka talk indiscreetly, blabber, let the good harvest. . cat out ol the bag. bomoko (ma-) (us. pi.) I. (act of) destroy-

bokoboko ( — ) something soft/gelatinous: ing/demolishing, destruction. 2. col-

of Allah! 1. a kind of meat pie. 2. a variety of lapse, landslide. 3. ruins. Cf. bomoa. bismillahi!* inter], in the name Ibodi* [.Engl. J (— ) body (of an automo- banana. 3. a kind of sugarcane. Cf. simile. bile). bomolea appl. of bomoa.

bokoka fall off, come loose, come off bitana* (— ) thin fabric, lining (of cloth- ^bodi* [Engl. J (— ) board. — ya taifa. (button, etc.); be separated/detached. Ibomu (ma-) 1. id. a loud noise (shot, ing). national board. drum). 2. rare a kind of dance. bitarehe see tarehe. * LPers. J (ma-) 1. pile of earth/ bodoa obs. see jibodoa. stones; mound, wall; palisade, en- 2bomu*, bom [Engl. J (ma-) bomb. — la closure. 2. fort, fortress, fanya (tia) biti see bichi. atomiki. atom bomb. (ma-) {augment, of kibofu) 1. anat. — la kutoa moslii. — . fortify, enclose, fence in. 3. (govern- smokepot. bladder. 2. fig. balloon. bivu adj. ripe (of fruits); cooked, well ment) administrative office. 4. rare framework a house). 5. stable {for done. Cf. iva, ubivu. {of bonas* [Engl. } {—) bonus, bofulo* [.Port. ?J sing. (European type premium, cattle). 6. — mainstay. fig.: kubwa. prize, dividend. of) bread. biwi (ma-) heap, pile (of weeds, leaves,

* [Port. , ma-) 1. (water) pump. refuse). J (— bonde (ma-) valley, hollow, low bofya caus. of bopa. ground. 2. (large) pipe. — la mafuta. petroleum — la mto. river bed. bizari* (-) 1. seed, grain (of pepper, pipeline, mabomba. piping. 3. (water) boga (ma-) pumpkin, gourd. Cf. mboga. curry powder. tap, faucet. 4. chimney, smokestack, coriander, etc.). 2. (pi.) bonge (ma-) 1. clod (of earth); ball (of stack (of a ship). 5. med. syringe, yarn). bohara* (ma-) see bohora. 2. pharm. {us. kibonge) tablet. bizi* [Engl.'] adj. busy. hypodermic needle.

bongo (ma-) coll. brain, hana — . He is bohari*, bokhari (— , ma-) 1. storehouse,

(-) 1. buckle. 2. brooch, clasp, bombo* sing. 1.: suruali — . short, baggy bizimu* warehouse; large store, department store. stupid. Cf. ubongo. = fastener. ( kifungo.) trousers. 2. see bom bom 2. 2. rare chronicle, annals.

bong'oa 1. bend down, stoop, bow. 2. fig. blangeti* see blanketi. bombom*. bombomu [Engl. J (— ) 1.. 'bomb, show one's respect bohora*, bohara Und.j (ma-) member of the for someone.

shell, (mzinga wa) — . machine gun. Bohora (sect of Indian Moslems). blanketi*, blangeti, bulangeti [.Engl. J 2. {also bombo) (homa ya) — . dial., med. bonyea be soft/yielding, yield to pressure, influenza, grippe, pneumonia. give way. (ma-) blanket. boi* [.Engl. ] (ma-) boy, house-servant, caus. bonyeza, bonyesha. waiter. ,

37 bonyeza 36 buba bubu bui

squeeze out (also fig., of examinations bovu adj. 1. bad, spoiled, decayed, un- Ibubu, bubwi 1. (ma-) mute person. bufuu, bupu, bupura, bupuru (ma-) empty etc.: 'put through the wringer'). wholesome. 2. unhealthy; worthless, fig. shell/husk. 2. adj. dumb, mute. Cf. ububu. — la kichwa. skull. unreliable, mtu mbovu. unreliable person. bonyeza caus. of bonyea. Cf. ubovu. buga 1. hunt for, gather, collect, glean. ^bubu (ma-) anat. nipple. 2. sponge, cadge. boosa rare be lame. boya* LPort.J (ma-) naut. buoy. bubujika, buguika 1. gush/stream out, buge (ma-) person or animal missing a foam up, burst out. maji yanabubujika. bopa 1. be soft to the touch, feel soft boza* LPers.j (— ) 1. intoxicating beverage, finger or toe. The water gushes out. — maneno. (fruit,, sores), ndizi zikibopa zimeiva. beer. 2. narcotic. burst out with a flood of words. 2. When the bananas feel soft they are bughudha* (-) 1. aversion, dislike, repug- burst, explode. Cf. bubujiko. 2. sink become hollow, caus. bozi* 1. (ma-) fool, idiot, useless person. ripe. in, nance, abhorrence, hatred, hostility. bofya. Cf. bopo. 2. red.: bozibozi adj. stupid, useless. 2. slander, calumny. Cf. bughudhi. bubujiko (ma-) spring (of water). Cf. Cf. ubozi. bubujika. hole, pit, groove, furrow; dent, bopo (ma-) bughudhi*, bughudhu hate, abhor; insult, depression. bopa. bozibozi see bozi 2. Cf. slander. Cf. bughudha. buburusha 1. scrape, scratch, paw (of

animals). 2. push, shove, ass. bora* adj. excellent, first-class; best. bradha* LEngl.J, bruda* {.Germ. A (wa-) bughudhu* see bughudhi. buburushana. watu walibuburushana. — afya. The best thing is good health. rel. brother. The people were pushing and shoving Cf. ubora. bugia, bwakia, bwia bite off, put into the (each other). brashi*, burashi LEngl.l (— ) brush, piga month. Cf. mbuge, ubuge. — . to brush. ^bori* CPers.J (— ) 1. bowl of a pipe. bubuta rare strike, hit. Cf. buta. 2. dial, (ma-) fruit of the mkunazi tree. bugu (ma-) flexible twig/wand (used for breki* {Engl. J (— ) brake (of automobile, weaving baskets). bubwi (ma-) see bubu. etc.). tia (piga) — . put on the brake. ^bori* (— ) see buri. buguika see bubujika. buchari* Und. (large) knife. bruda* [.Germ. J (wa-) see bradha. J (— ) boriti* {.Port. ?] (-, ma-) 1. (mangrove)

post. 2. (in gen.), post, , girder. buheri*: — wa afya. recovery (of health, bua (ma-) hot, stem, stalk (, maize, budaa become lumpy (soup, etc.). after an illness). Cf. heri. grass). borohoa* LPers.l (-) native dish of buddi (— ) see budi. cooked beans. buhumu* (ma-) anat. lung. (= pafu, pumu.) buabua cut/hew/slice (a little off the top of something). budhara* (— ) extravagance. Cf. badhiri. boromoka intr. of poromoa. buhuri* (— ) 1. incense; fumigation. 2. steam bath (for invalids). budi*, buddi, abudi ) way out, loophole, buana (— , ma-) see bwana. ( — boronga 1. botch, bungle, do sloppy work. evasion, alternative, usually in neg. 2. confuse, throw into disorder. Cf. bui (— ) 1- large spider, tarantula. 2. mchezi buathi see baathi. expressions: hapana — . There is no borongo. wa — . children's game (a kind of hide-andi alternative. One must... seek). Cf. buibui. buba (ma-) med. frambesia, yaws. borongo (ma-) disorder, confusion, bueta (ma-) see bweta.

muddle, mess. Cf. boronga. . .

38 buibui bunda bunde 39

buibui (— , ma-) 1. spider, utando — bumba, pumba (ma-) 1. lump, heap. — la wa z bunde ( — ) empty coconut. buni* 1. construct, put together, arrange; spider's web, . 2. buibui (a nyuki. swarm of bees. 2. package, pack, write (fiction). — kitabu. write a book. black veil for women). Cf. bui. — la sigara. pack of cigarettes. bundi (— , ma-) ornith. (species of) owl. 2. invent; fabricate, start false rumors.

— maneno. fabricate statements, appl. bujua press out, squeeze out. bumbi (— ) bot. kind of salad herb, cress bunduki* ( gun, rifle, . — ) piga — shoot. . Cf. ^mbuni. (Barbarea vulgaris). elekeza — . aim. — ya marisaa. shotgun. buka (— ) rare care, worry, grief. — ya midomo miwili. double-barreled bunju (— ) round, inedible fish. prov. bumbuasa adj. lumpy. gun. — ya kupigia vifaru. antitank gun. mimi — , akili yangu kichwani. I am like ^Buki, Bukini , komba wa — — ya mtombo. machine gun. — ya nusu = a bunju, I am clever. ( I overcome all lemur. Cf. Mbuki. bumbuaza 1. confuse/perplex someone, mtombo. su hmarhinp pun. cause someone discomfort. 2. startle, ^buki (ma-) kidney. (- nso, figo.) frighten, astonish. 3. drive a person into bunga adj.: mtu — . feeble-minded/foolish/ bunta* [.Engl.] (— ) pontoon, landing- a corner; disconcert, embarrass. Cf. Bukini see *Buki. silly person. stage, pier. bumbuazi.

Bungala* geogr. , mpunga (muhogo) Ibuku (ma-) large rat (Cricetomys *bunzi (ma-) large stinging fly, bumbuazi (— , ma-) confusion, consterna- wa — . Bengal rice, manioc. gambianus). tion, dismay, embarrassment, perplexity.

shikwa na — . be perplexed/dismayed. ^bunzi (ma-) see gunzi. bunge sing, parliament. Cf. mbunge. ^buku [.Engl. J rare (large) book. Cf. bumbuaza.

(= kitabu.) bupu (ma-) see bufuu. *bungo (— ) bungo (small dish). bumbura* \_lnd. J (— ) edible sea-fish;

bukua uncover, discover, reveal (secret, dried fish. bupura, bupuru (ma-) see bufuu. ^bungo (ma-) bot. bungo (fruit of the scandal), appl. bukulia. intr. bukuka. bumburuka be startled, be scared away; rubber liana). Cf. mbukulia, ubukuzi. ^buraa* (— ) buraa (Arab garment). run away, bolt. caus. bumburusha.

bungu (— ) 1. a stinging insect which bores bulangeti* (ma-) see blanketi. start up, scare away (birds). ^buraa* (— ) forgiveness, exemption. Cf. holes in wood. 2. kind of caterpillar. burai. bungua. buldani*, beled (-) (of a city). bumbwi (— ) see bwimbwi. Cf.

buraha* (— ) rest, comfort. Cf. burahi. bungua bore insects which bore holes buli* LPort.l (ma-) teapot. bumia* [.Pers. ? J (— ) naut. sternpost (of (of a native boat). in wood), intr. bunguka. be eaten away burahi* rest, make oneself comfortable, by insects (wood, grain). Cf. bungu. bulibuli* (— ): kofia ya — embroidered take it easy. buraha. made Cf. white cap. bumunda (ma-) bumunda (dumplings of flour and bananas). bunguu (ma-) large earthenware cooking- burai* forgive, remit (debts); release, pot. bulula (— , ma-) see bilula. absolve (from obligations); vindicate, bunda* \_Engl.1 (ma-) 1. bundle, package. exculpate, acquit, appl. buraia. Cf. — la tumbaku (ehai). a package of tobacco lbur.i* buluu*, biuu, kibuluu L.Engt.. _i j.. adj. (-) coffee-bean, coffee. Cf. ^buraa. — la noti. a bundle of banknotes. blue. 2. sing, bluing, bleach. (tea). tnbuni. 2. bale. 3. knot. buraia appl. of burai.

bumani* (— ) building, structure. .

burangeni 40 busha bushashi 41 bweha

bushashi* (— ) bushashi (thin cotton fabric buyuka burst, explode; open up an burangeni* (-) see barangeni. to planting). 3. fig. confuse, complicate (of = similar to muslin). ( shashi.) ulcer). (affairs), ass. -caus. buruganya. mix

burashi* (— ) see brashi. together. Cf. mburugo; also vuruga.

bushti* (— , ma-) see bushuti. buza* (— ) intoxicating beverage (made with honey). burda* (— ) see buruda. buruganya ass. -caus. of buruga.

bushuti*, bushti (— , ma-) bushuti (Arab

cloak). bwabwaja, bwata id. talk confusedly/ bure* adv. 1. for nothing, free of charge, buruhani* (— ) 1. test, evidence, proof.

gratis. 2. uselessly, without purpose, 2. power of efficacious prayer. meaninglessly. bustani* (flower) garden (us. fruitlessly, in vain, fanya kazi — , do LPers.J (— ) 1. throw off/down. 2. free one- work to no purpose. 3. without cause/ a small plot in the back yard, for raising bwaga -fig. Ihuruii* (— ) arch-, battlement. or vegetables). self of something. — moyo. free the reason, tukana — . scold/swear without

reason. 4. rashly, frivolously, heart, be comforted. 3. fig., sport.: sema 2 buruji* [Engl. ?.] (-) bugle. busu* LAr., Pers.l 1. (-) kiss. 2. to Wanderers iliwabwaga Brazil kwa mabao maneno ya — . make rash statements. Wanderers ubure. kiss. appl. busia. appl.-ass, busiana. matatu. The defeated (the) Cf. = buruma* (— ) water-pipe, . kikororo.) ( busiana mikono. kiss each other's Brazil (team) by three goals. Cf. mbwago. hands. buri*, bori (— ) buri (medium-sized burunga make balls of earth/clay. elephant tusk). bwakia 1. put/toss into the mouth (e.g., busuri* take care, be careful; worry. nuts, tobacco). 2. see bugia, bwia. burura, buruta 1. pull, haul, drag. 2. fan buriani* (— ) leave-taking, farewell (only (a fire), mama anaburuta moto. bvvakua tear away, take away by force; before a journey of some length), peana buta, puta rare strike, hit. Cf. bubuta. is fanning the fire. (- pepea). Cf. fig. snatch. — . take leave, say farewell, agana — kiburuta, maburuzo, mburuzo. exchange farewells. butaa* (— ) surprise, amazement.

bwana, buana (— , ma-) 1. sir, Mr. (term of buruta see burura. address), sir (showing buru (ma-) rare calabash (used for churn- butu 1. {ma-) stump, stub. 2. adj. dull, bwana mkubwa. a higher degree respect than bwana ing butter). obtuse, kisu — . a dull knife, pembetatu of busa* (— ) busa (Arab beer, made of barley — . an obtuse-angled triangle, fig. dull- alone, but sometimes humorous or con- and millet). witted, feeble-minded. Cf. butua, kibu- temptuous, especially when used of buruda*, burda, burudai (— ) Isl. prayer butu, ubutu. women). 2. owner, proprietor. — shamba. (in distress, illness, etc.). Cf. baridi, busara* {rare tabasuri) ) 1. sense, (— landlord; supervisor of a shamba; (some- burudi. prudence, sagacity, foresight, astute- butua 1. cut off, knock off (the end of times used in a derogatory way to refer

ness, skill, adroitness, tumia — . act dull. 2. amputate. to the former) colonial landowners. burudai* (— ) see buruda. something), fig. shrewdly, astutely, leta — . display Cf. butu. 3. arch. — arusi. bridegroom. 4.: — sagacity. 2. intention, plan. 3. trick, shauri. administrative officer (Tangan- burudi* be cool/cold, usually intr.: buru- stratagem. yika). 5. rel. Lord. Cf. kibwana, ubwana. dika. fig. be soothed, appeased, paci- *buu! inter j. Be quiet! fied, caus. burudisha (also tabaradi,

, of) mat (used busati* (— ma-) (kind chief- bwata see bwabwaja. tabaridi, tabarudu). cool, refresh; calm, larva. ly in mosques). ^buu (ma-) zool. grub, maggot, sooth, appease, Cf. baridi, maburudisho. bwawa (ma-) swamp, fen, bog, quagmire. 1. (fruit the busha*, fusha ( — ) 1. mil. wad, swab. buyu (ma-) bot. buyu of buruga 1. stir up, mix (foods). 2. turn up 2. med. elephantiasis of the scrotum. baobab). 2. calabash (made from the bweha, mbweha (— ) jackal. the ground (hoe, weed, etc., preparatory shell of the fruit). Cf. mbuyu, ubuyu. bweka 42 3hacht chacha 43 chafu

^chacha turn sour, ferment, foam; chache adj. 1, little, few; insufficient, bweka bark (of dogs), appl. bwekea. bwenzi (— ) tuft of hair (left on top of the (fig.) incomplete; unimportant. 2. distant, bark at. Cf. mbweko. shaven head). be angry, caus. chachisha. make sour; (fig.) challenge, provoke someone, remote. 3. rare, scarce. Cf. uchache.

bvveshu (ma-) unpleasant, ill-disposed inv. chachua. allow something to

= ) person. ferment, inv. -intr. chachuka. chacha. chachi* (— see shashi. bwende (ma-) bwende (garment worn by Cf, chachu, uchachu. those working in the fields). chachia 1. be difficult, complicated; be bvveta*, bueta L Port. J (ma-) small box, case. chachachika be pounded/crushed. too much. 2. confuse, involve in dif- ficulties, pass, chachiwa.

chachaga wash (clothes). bweni (— ) 1. sleeping quarters of un- bwimbwi, bumbwi (— , ma-) bwimbwi (rice- chachiii (ma-) ignorant person; timid person. married young men or girls. 2. sport flour mixed with sugar and coconut milk; junior team. 3. boarding-school pupil. eaten uncooked). chachaniza see chachawiza.

chachu (— ) leaven, yeast, -a — , sour.

chachari (ma-) {usually machachari) Cf. chacha.

1. unrest, excitement, restlessness. chachua inv. of '^chacha. 2. stubbornness, obstinacy. 3. diffi-

culty. CH ^chachuka surge, roll, heave (of the sea).

chacharika, chachatika 1. tingle, sizzle. "^chachuka inv. -intr. of chacha. T:ha conn. ki-/ch- class: kitabu — late. appl. -pass. -caus. chelewesha. 2. insist strongly, persist. 3. gesticu-

mwanafunzi. the pupil's book. let someone wait. Cf. ^chelezo, ki- late. 4. run quickly back and forth. ehadi* see jadi, ^jadi, jadi. chea, *kucha, macheo, uchao, uchea- appl. chacharikia. chea, uchelewaji. ^cha fear, be afraid of; tremble, appl. *chal'i, tasi (— ) chafi (kind of fish). chachatika see chacharika. chea. double appl. chelea. intr. ^cha see ja. cheka. caus. chesha. ass. chana. ^-chafi ) chafi chachawa 1. jump, leap; be delighted, (— (kind of insect). Cf, kicho, macheleo, mcha, mchea, enjoy oneself. 2. emulate someone, mchelea, uchaji. ^chaa (— ) chaa (edible sea-fish). make a strong effort. chafia see chafya.

of people cultivate ''cha dawn, become light, kunakucha. It ^chaa (— ) group who chachawi ( — ) confused speech. *chafu adj. 1. dirty, unclean. 2. fig. is growing light. Day is breaking. land in common. indecent, obscene. Cf. chafua, appl. chea. double appl. chelea. chachawiza {rare chachaniza) interrupt/ uchafu. to double appl. -caus. cheleza. cause "'chaa (— ) dial, cattle-pen. disturb someone (with noises). Cf. remain (all night, for a long time), de- chachawizo. ^chafu (— ) chafu (basket, pannier). lay, pass, chewa. be surprised/over- chacha ( — ) chacha (kind of grass which taken by sunrise, caus. chesha. re- grows in damp places), chachawizo (ma-) 1. noise. 2. inter- main until morning, tumechesha tukii- •^chafu (ma-) see shavu. mbi. We sang the whole night through. ?hach£ appl.-pass. chelewa. oversleep, be ^chacha be stormy (of the sea). )

chafuE 44 chaka chaka 45

1. (— ) brave, courageous person; chafua 1. soil, pollute; spoil; (fig.) dis- chagina chakaa grow old, be worn out/used up/ chakua 1. stir (foods). 2. chew. daring, impudent person. 2. adj. turb, disarrange; ruin, destroy. bold, exhausted; use up, wear out. appl. 3. clean the teeth. 4.: — matakataka. bold, audacious, impudent. 2. smoke, blacken. 3. be disorderly, brave; chakalia. caus. chakaza. use up, (of fowl) peck, pick up (grains).

messy. 4. surge, be rough (of the spend, consume. Cf. chakavu. caus. chaga. sea), appl. chafulia. intr. chafuka. chagiza of chakubimbi (vi-) liar, slanderer.

bahari ilichafuka saga. The sea was chakaazi (— ) hot. a succulent tree

very rough, caus. chafusha. Cf. Ichago (-, ma-) (also mchago, uchago) (Euphorbia tirucalle). chakugea, chakogea (yyakugea) bathtub.

chafu, chafuko, machafuko, mchafuko, head end of a bedstead, (

walks through it), crackle, murmur. chakula (vyakula) food, nourishment, ^chago ( — ) land-crab. chafuka intr. of chafua. — menoni. gnash the teeth. 2. crush, victuals; something edible. — cha grind. Cf. chakarisha, mchakacho, asubuhi (mchana, jioni). breakfast chagua 1. seek out, select, choose. unrest, uchakacho. (lunch, dinner), vyakula vikavu. chafuko (ma-), mchafuko (mi-) 1. - kwa kura. 2. pol. elect. 3. distort,

food (as opp. to drink). (

— . chakura 1. scrape, scratch, paw chafua. mchaguzi, uchaguzi. alikuwa He was drunk. (of horses). 2. fig. search carefully, spy. mchakuro. chafulia appl. of chafua. chagulia appl. of chagua. chakarisha, charakisha frighten, startle, Cf. start (game); make a rustling sound chakuzidishwa (vy-) math., multiplicand. chafuo (-) tsetse fly (= mbungo.) chaguza caus. of chagua. (in dry grass). Cf. chakacha. < ( cha kuzidishwa; cf. zidi.)

caus. chafua. chakavu, chakafu adj. old, worn-out, chafusha of chaguzi adj. fastidious, critical. chagua. shabby, ragged. Cf. chakaa. ^chale (— , ma-) cut, scratch; tattooing chafya, chafia sing, sneezing, piga Cf. (tribal marks), chanja — . tattoo. (enda) — . to sneeze. chai* LChin.-Ar.l (-) tea (the bever- chakaza caus. of chakaa. Cf. uchale.

age). Cf. mchai. 1 chaga 1. be excited/startled. 2. begin chake see -ake. chale: — cha pwani. sea-urchin. something (work). 3. emulate (some- chaji* lEng.l (-) charges, expenditure, one). 4. be prevalent (disease, etc.). cost. chakeleti* (— ) see chokoleti. ^chale (— ) chale (kind of fish). caus. & int. chagiza. annoy, pester, be insistent; press one's point; be (December to chaki* [ Engl. J (— see choki. Ichaka (ma-) 1. hot season chani, tani adv., arch, backwards, talkative/garrulous. chali, 2. heat, blazing sun. February). on the back, lala — . lie on one's chakleti* (— ) see chokoleti. back. Cf. kichali. ^chaga pi. of uchaga. ^chaka (ma-) thicket, bushes, under- growth; clump of . chako see -ako. chama (vyama) 1. association, society, chagernati* Llnd.'] chagernati (bleached club. — cha biashara. business cotton cloth). chakogea (vyakogea) see chakugea. company. — cha ushirika. cooperative. .

chamanda 46 chanaba chande changamka

2. organization, party. — cha wafanya chamka 1. be repeated, recur (of lehanda (ma-) chanda (leaf of the coco- take apart, dissect; analyse. Cf. cha disease). 2. open up, break (wounds, kazi. labor union, trade union. — palm). changamano, *chango, kichango, — abscesses). chamko. siasa. political party, utawala wa Cf. kichangany iko, machanganyiko, chanda (vyanda) kimoja. one-party rule. — cha Msalaba arch, finger, toe. machanganyo, mchanganuo, - kidole.) Mwekundu. Red Cross Society. — Kikuu chamkano (ma-) 1. separation, division, ( Only in the prov. chanda mchanganyaji, mchanganyiko, fraction; section, de- na kidole. stick = cha Dunia. United Nations Organiza- partition. 2. together ( be in- mchanganyo, ''mchango, uchanganuo. tion. partment. separable like fingers or toes).

changa 1. chop up (firewood, etc.). ) repetition; recurrence, chandalua*, chandarua, tandarua, chamanda* (— ) see jamanda. chamko ( — return, jandaru 2. fig. damage, injure; cause pain. relapse (diseases). Cf. chamka. L Ind . J ( — , vvandalua) (protective)

covering: 1. mosquito-net. 2. tar- Ichamba (vyamba) 1. hot. bark (of a tree). changa, janga adj. young, immature, championi* LEngl.J (ma-) sport cham- paulin, awning, canopy. 3. hood 2. anat. cornea. Cf. amba. undeveloped, in an early stage of pion. (of an automobile). growth, mwezi mchanga. new moon. chamba wash (esp. after using the 2 Cf, ucnan g a= chamshakinywa (vy-) see kiamshakinywa. chandarua* ( — ) see chandalua. toilet), caus, chambiza. wipe up.

changamana stat.-ass. of ^changa. chamvi see chambi. chando ( — ) kind of dance; dance-step. chambi, chamvi (— ) movement in dancing, dance-step. changamano {dial, tangamano) (ma-) chamvua see chambua. chane ( — ) 1. strip of leaf (for weaving

mats). 2, union, association; connection, bundle. C f. chana. (vyambo) 1. bait, lure. prov. chambo contact; mixture, blend. Cf. ^changa. Ichana (— ) bundle; cluster, bunch mtego bila — haunasi. A trap without 1 large fruits). changa 1. bring together, gather, col- bait catches nothing. 2. tempta- (of fig. changamfu adj. gay, cheerful, good- lect; recruit (soldiers). — fedha. col- tion. Cf. ^amba. humored, ; enlivening, lect (voluntary contributions of) money, ^chana (— ) larva of the bee. Cf. jana. animating, encouraging. Cf. changam- take up a collection. 2. shuffle 1. clean (fruits, meat); chambua, chamvua ka, uchangamfu. (cards), caus. changisha, changiza. husk, shell (grain, beans); pull off, ^chana separate, slit, split, cleave, cut ass. changana. ass. -caus. changanya. out, tease (fibers). 2. fig. pluck up, dissect, kitambaa. tear cloth. changamka {dial, chanjamka) 1. wake gather, assemble; mix, mingle; jumble, criticize, appl. chambulia. Cf. ambua. plaiting). — miyaa. slit leaves (for up (from sleep). 2. be gay/cheerful/ confuse, changanya maneno. jumble — nywele. comb the hair. intr. merry; look happy, caus. changamsha, words, ass. -double caus. changanyisha. chambulia appl. of chambua. chanika. be torn/cut up. inv. chanua. chanjamsha. 1. wake someone up. ass. -caus. -intr. changanyika. be mixed/ comb, smooth out; loosen, detach. 2. please, make happy, cheer up, jumbled/confused, ass. -int. changa- chamburo (— ) flat-nosed pliers (used by -intr. inv. -appl. chanulia. inv. cause pleasure, intr. changamuka, niza. falsify, forge; produce utter silversmiths). kichane. chanuka. Cf. chane, chanuo, changanuka, chanjanuka. 1. be awake. confusion, stat.-ass. changamana 2. fig. be enlightened/progressive. {dial, tangamana) be in a condition of chamchela (-) whirlwind; hurricane, T;ha. Cf. amka, changamfu, changamko, ^chana ass. of mixture; mix with (people); adjoin, cyclone, tornado. K i c h a n ga Hi s a a , u e u an ga rn i u border on. inv. changua. take apart,

janaba. dismember, ass. -inv. changanua. chamia* rare gather, collect. chanaba* (— ) see ! .

changamko 48 chanjo 49 charo

(ma-) (also kichangamko, vi-) chano (vyano) 1. wooden trough, board changamko ^changua inv. of ^changa. — magazeti. print newspapers, inv. 1. entertainment, amusement; play, for carrying mortar. 2. serving-tray. chapua. strike; run fast, intr, chapuka. game. 2. annoyance, nuisance. 3. (— ) blow, stroke; stamp, ^chani see chali. impression, Cf. changamka. ^chanua inv. of ^;hana. printing; trademark, brand, piga — stamp, print. Cf. mchapaji, mchapo, ^chani, chanui (— ) sea-urchin, sea- changamsha caus. of changamka. uehapaji, uchapishaji. ^chanua unfold, open buds). porcupine. (of changaniza ass. -int. of changa. = chanui see ^chani. chapa ad], many, numerous, chania (— ) rare comb. ( chanuo.) changanua ass.-inv. of changa. .-_.. -/3 chanuk . uj chitiia. chanikiwiti adj., rare see janikiwiti. "-"chapa, chapara tie very drunk. changanya ass. -caus. of changa. chanulia inv.-appl. o/3 c hana. chapara see ''chapa. Ichanja (-), kichanja (vi-) 1. basket- changanyika ass. -caus. -intr. Changa. of work, wickerwork, grill, screen. — ya chanuo (also shanuo) (— ) 1. wooden chapeo* (— ) see chepeo. chuma. iron grillwork, wire netting. comb (with long teeth). 2. comb changarawe, changawe (— , vi-; us. pi.) 2. stand for storing grain (in a house). 3 , gravel. (in gen.). Cf. c hana. chapua inv. of *chapa.

^chanja 1. cut in pieces, cut up; make chanyata 1. cut up, slice (fruits). changawe (— , vi-) see changarawe. chapuchapu 1. adv. quickly, speedily, a cut/incision in something. — kuni. 2. wash carefully/gently (fine fabrics). briskly. 2. inter j. hurry up chop up firewood. 2. fig. inoculate, Cf. mchanyato. ^chango (— , ma-)l. contribution (of money, give a hypodermic injection. — ndui. chapukia be delicious/appetizing. etc.). 2. fee, subscription (to a food, vaccinate against smallpox, appl.- chanyatia (— ) chanyatia (kind of fish, newspaper or magazine). 3. recruit- make cuts in each ass. chanjiana. appearing usually in mangrove swamps). chapuo (— ) chapuo (small drum). ment, levy (of soldiers). Cf. ^changa. other, chanjiana uchale. conclude

blood-brotherhood. Cf. chanjo, chanzi (ma-, — ) see ganzi. chapwa adj. 1. tasteless, insipid, flat. ^chango (— , ma-) 1. small intestine mchanjo. 2. repulsive, nasty; unpleasant, = uchengelele). 2. intestinal worm. ( chanzo (vya-) start, beginning; source; painful. see changamka. chanjamka basis, foundation; cat'se. — cha

^chango (vi-) hook, (wooden) peg/pin, dharuba. storm center. Cf. anza. charahani* (— ) see cherehani. changamka. dowel; cross-beam, railing. Cf. anga. chanjanuka intr. of

^ see -ao. charakisha see chakarisha. chanjari see sanjari. *changu see -angu.

^chao (— ) naut. roller (used for charaza 1. play (an instrument); dance; chanje (-) (variety of) crab. beat time. 2, fig. do something ^changu (— ) changu (small edible fish). launching). skilfully or energetically. chanjo (ma-) 1. cut, incision; slit,

"changua (— ) rare wilderness, desert. scratch, gash, slash. 2. inoculation, Ichapa* Lind.?J 1. strike, stamp. charo (vyaro) caravan, party of travelers. Cf. jangwa. vaccination. 3. tattooing. Cf. ^chanja. — miguu. stamp the feet, walk = ( msafara.) heavily. 2. fig. print, stamp. charuka 50 chegama chege 51 chele

, mcheche, charuka 1. begin something over again, Icheche, chechi (— ma-) {and ^chege (ma-) see tege. chekenene ( — ) rare, med. sty. start anew. 2. emulate someone. mi-) small piece, slice (of cassava, = ( chokea.) etc.). — ya (la) moto. spark, ray. chege, tege adj. 1. moist, damp, watery. chasasa (— ) chasasa (kind of pearl). — ya (la) umeme (stimu). electric chekerea see chekelea. muhogo mchege. watery manioc. 2. fig. spark. Cf. checha. feebleminded, inane, stupid, foolish. chasi (vi-) abundance, plenty, a great chekeshaji adj. gay, jolly, amusing. many. ^cheche (— ), kieheche (vi-) a small chegema see egama. ni mtu mchekeshaji. He is an amusing animal resembling a mongoose. person. Cf. Icheka. chasiri* venture, dare, risk. Cf. jasiri. chego (ma-) see gego. be lame, limp. chechea walk carefully; cheki* I Engl. J (— ) fin. check. buzz. chata hiss; hum, stat.-appl. chechemea. be lame, limp. cheka 1. laugh; smile, 2. checheza. support, grin. (also caus. chechesha, cheko (— , ma-) laugh, laughter. appl. chati* [EregZ.] (_) chart. chekelea, chekerea) laugh at, help someone walk. Cf. Icheka. deride, mock, tease, caus. chekesha. make someone laugh; amuse, stimu- chatu (— ) python, constrictor. chechele (— ) forgetfulness, absentminded- chekua dig out. late. Cf. chekeshaji, cheko, *cheshi, ness. kichekesho, kicheko, mchekeshi, ^chavu (— ) rare net. wavu. Cf. chekwa, chekwachekvva adj. mcheko, mcheshi, ueheshi. many, in stat.-appl. chechea. chechemea of great numbers. ^chavu (ma-) see shavu. chechemua stimulate. cheka intr. of cha. ^chekwa pass, of *cheka.

chawa ( — ) louse, prov. kidole kimoja chekeamwezi ( — ) ornith. stone curlew. chechesha caus. of chechea. hakivunji — . A single finger kills no chekwachekvva see ^chekwa.

louse. chekecha sift, select; shake; reduce, chechevu, kekevu (— ) hiccup. chelebi* ( — ) chelebi (kind of light Cf. chekecheke, mchekecho. chaza*, shaza [Pers.PJ (-) oyster. pastry). checheza caus. of chechea.

ehekechea ( — ) ornith. bishop-bird chazi (— ) hot. (kind of) liana {Cissus chelema adj. watery (of fruit after (Euplectes hordacea). chechi (— ) see cheche. rotundifolia). cooking). Cf. mchelema.

chekecheke (— ) 1. sieve. 2. chefua cause nausea, intr. chefuka. fig. re- chazo (— ) sucker-fish. ^cheleo (ma-) {usually macheleo) trenchment, frugality, have a feeling of nausea. Cf. economy, thrift. 1. fear, terror. 2. fig. awe, rever- kichefuchefu. Cf. chekecha. chea appZ. of 4ha, **cha. ence. Cf. cha.

chekehukwa (— ) ornith. golden plover, chega shave off, shave; cut off, dock, checha 1. divide, cut up. 2. object, ^cheleo (ma-) delay, dotterel. postponement. clip; cut the hair. criticize. contradict; forbid; Cf. fig.-, fin. respite, delay of payment. cheche. 3 chekelea. chekerea anpL Cf. cha. chegama see egama. of cheka.

cnelewajhel see cha. . )

chenga 53 chenga cheti chelewa 52

^chenga 1. deceive. 2. {— ) excuse, chepeo*, chapeo, chepeu Port. chemko (-), mchemko (mi-) bubbling, L J (— 2 chelewa (-) rattle (used in dances). evasion, piga — . sport dribble (European) hat. seething, effervescence; boiling, (a football), avoid, dodge. cooking. chemka. 3 chelewa (-) vein in a leaf. Cf. cherahani* (— ) see cherehani.

3 chemli lEngl.} chengachenga see ^chenga. 1 cheleza see cha. chemne*, chemni, cheraka* (— ) see jeraha. (-, ma-) chimney (of a lamp). chengechenge (vi-) see ^chenga. 2 cheleza unload, discharge cargo (ships). cherehani*, cherahani, charahani LPers.J chemni (-, ma-) see chemne.

chengelele (ma-) see jengelele. (— ) small machine. — ya kushonea. sew- 1 chelezo (vyelezo) buoy; life-belt; float chemka. (on a fishing-line). Cf. elea. chemsha caus. of chengeu (vi-) lampshade. sewn work, fundi — . tailor, shona

kwa — . sew with the sewing machine. 2 chelezo (ma-) hindrance, obstacle, chemua sneeze. chengo (vyengo) (dwelling-)house, resi- — ya barafu. refrigerator. disturbance; delay. Cf. cha. chemuka see chemka. dence; stopping-place, camp; village. cherehe* LPers.J (— grindstone, whet- chembamba (vyembamba) chembamba ) stone. caus. of chemka. chengua rare tear down, demolish (a small, thin worm). chemusha (buildings).

of haddock). cheruhi* see jeruhi. grain chena (- ) chena (kind Ichembe (-) {and kichembe, vi-) chenji* LEngl.J 1. (— ) substitute. (cereal, sand), tiny particle. o chesha caus. cha. chenene (-) (kind of) . fin. change, exchange, fedha ya — of chembechembe adj. granular, granu- (small) change. 2. v. to change/ sukari chembechembe. granu- lated, exchange. cheneo, kieneo (vi-) rare, usually cheshi adj. funny, amusing, comical. lated sugar. eneo, q.v. Cf. *cheka. :henu see -enu. 2 chembe (vyembe) point, head (of arrow, irritate; become inflamed; kijembe. cheneta itch, •^cheshi see jeshi. spear, harpoon). Cf. jembe, (ma-) smart, hurt. chenza (ma-) chenza (kind of Mandarin orange). Cf. mchenza. chete (— ) dial, market-place, market- 1 chembeu (vi-) rare chisel. kienezo (vi-) measure chenezo, day. (measuring-rod, yardstick, tape- cheo (vyeo) 1. rare measure, measure- 2 chembeu (-) anat. diaphragm. measure, etc.) Cf. enea. ment, dimension(s); scale. 2. fig. chetezo (— ) incense burner, censer. rank, degree, status, title; class chemchemi (-) spring (of water). Cf. cut/saw/hack/chop (railway), abiria wa — cha kwanza. Ichenga, shenga 1. chethamu* (— ) see jethamu. chemka. firewood. Cf. first-class passenger. off, split, -kuni. chop

2. (-) {also chenge, -; chemka, chemuka bubble, seethe, effer- mchengo. cheti* Llnd.J (— , vyeti) 1. chit, note, particle, chepe 1. (ma-) rude, ill-bred person. caus. chengechenge, vi-) grain, paper. 2. certificate, receipt, ticket. vesce, boil; boil over; be hot. chengachenga. 2. adj. rude, coarse, rough, ill-bred. some- shaving, splinter, 3«: — cha njia. passport. 4. testi- chemsha, chemusha. boil/cook chip, small particles, granular, unga heat (up). Cf. chemko, adv. in monial, document. thing, chepechepe adj. wet, moist, damp, -. flour that is not well ground. chemchemi. wa watery. Cf. uchepechepe. . . .

chetu 54 chiku chikwaya 55 chinjoni

chetu see -etu. chezacheza int. of cheza. chikwaya (— ) bot.: — dume. Dichapeta- 1. be late, be delayed, fail to show

lum mosambicense. — jike. Dichape- up. 2. stay on the shelf, find no takers cheu (— ) 1. ruminating, chewing the cud. chezo (-) 1. game. 2. sport. Cf. chezc talum macrocarpum. (merchandise). 3. (of a girl) fail to 2. belch(ing). Cf. cheua. mchezo. find a husband at the proper age (the

chimba (dial, ) 1. dig, excavate. girl is not only disappointed because cheua 1. chew the cud (cattle). chiazi* (-) mil. cartridge. Cf. ^kiasi. — kisima. dig a well. fig. injure, she has not met the expectations of 2. belch, intr. cheuka. caus. cheusha. damage, inv. chimbua. inv.-intr. her society, but is actually considered cheu, Cf. cheuo. chibene (— ) see jibini. chimbuka. appear, come up (sun, moon). to be delinquent).

inv.-int.(-caus.). chimbuza. force its 1 cheuka dial, boil, bubble. chiboa (— ) rare young dog. Cf. mbwa. way out, make its appearance, appear chindi (— ) dial, see kindi.

through the clouds (sun). 2. fig. cause chicha (-, ma-) oilcake (flesh of a cheuka intr. of cheua. ripe trouble/misfortune (to one's parents). chingirisha pour off (water, etc., gently coconut after the oil has been pressed = Cf. chimbo, chimvu, mchimbaji, so as to leave the sediment). ( gida.) out). cheuo (-) cnA (of ruminants). Cf. cheu, mchimbi, uchimbaji, uchimvi. cheua. chini 1. (— ) underside, lower part;

chicha coll. very drunk, alikuwa — chimbi (ma-) dial. cook. ground, floor; (euph.) the genital cheusha caus. of cheua. He was very drunk. organs. — ya utaw ala wa ... under

chimbo, chimbuko (ma-) 1. hole. 2, min. the domination/rule of... 2. adv. be- cheuzi* (vyeuzi) pair (of shoes, etc.),. chichiri (— ), kijiri (vi-) bribe. shaft, pit. 3. excavation, ditch, low, underneath; on the ground; down-

Cf. ijozi. (~ rushwa, hongo.) trench. Cf. chimba. stairs; at the feet; on foot, enda —

go on foot. — kwa — . very far below, chewa (-) chewa (large sea-fish; kind of chifu* {.Engl.l (ma-) chief, leader, chimbua inv. of chimba. underground; (fig.) secretly, weka — rock-cod with very large mouth), coll. chairman. Cf. uchifu. underestimate. 3. —a — . adj. low; kinywa — kama . very large mouth chimbuko (ma-) 1. see chimbo. inferior, humble. Cf. kichinichini.

(of a person). chigi (-) chigi (a small yellow bird). 2. source; beginning, start.

chinja (dial, tinda) slaughter, cut the cheyaman* L Engl. J (vyeaman) chair- chika (—) chika (kind of plant: chimbule (— ) chimbule (kind of bird). throat, stick (pigs, etc.). Cf. chinjo, = man. ( mwenye kiti.) Abyssinian dock, sorrel). chinyango, kichinja, mchinjoni,

chimbuza inv. -int. of chimba. mchinjaji, mchinjo. cheyo (ma-) see gego chikicha, tikita rare cut (as with a dull

knife), saw away at something. chimvi (ma-) (rare mtimbi, wa-) 1. un- chinjo (ma-) 1. slaughter(ing). 2. fig. cheza 1. play, amuse oneself; dance; Cf. tikisa. lucky person (with certain peculiari- massacre, carnage, bloodshed.

engage in sports; waste time. 2. set ties which are regarded as bad omens), Cf. chinja.

in motion, start (a mechanism), int. chikichi (— ) bot. palm-nut (fruit of the one who brings misfortune, jinx,

chezacheza. dally, joke. appl. oil-palm). Cf. mchikichi. troublemaker. 2. medicine man (who chinjoni see machinjoni.

chezea. play with; make fun of, tease. prepares charms). Cf. chimba,

intr. chezeka. Cf, chezo, mchcza, mchimbi, uchimvi. chiku (— ) see chiriku. mchezo, uchezaji. choka 57 choma 56 chogoe

exhausted; be tired chokocha see chokoa. chinusi, chunusi (ma-) 1. liter, sea- chirwa (— ) med. rickets (- nyongea). Ichoka grow tired, be with something; be im- monster, water-sprite, na — . be Cf. chira. of/disgusted difficulty, trouble, tired of a chokochoko (-) eaten by the sea-monster (i.e., drown). patient. - safari (kazi). be dispute, disagreement, strength (or good annoyance; 2. (swimmer's) cramp. chisi* (— ) see chizi. trip (job), fig. lose provocation. Cf. chokoa. properties), be exhausted (e.g., the chokeza, chosha. chinyango (— ) piece of meat (prepared chizi*, chisi LEngl.J (—) cheese. soil), caus. chokesha, chokoa. = caus.-ass. choshana. chokolea oppZ. of for cooking). Cf, chinja. ( jibini.) tire out, exhaust, tire/weary each other. Cf. choshi, chokoleti*, chakeleti, chakleti LEngl.J chipua grow, bud, sprout, intr. chipuka. cho det. ki- cl.: kitu — chote. anything chovu, mchoshi, uchovu. (-) chocolate. caus. chipukisha, chipuza. Cf. chipu- whatsoever.

kizi, kichipukizi, mchipukizi, uchipuko. 2 choka (ma-) see joka. ! hokora (ma-) see chotara. choa (— ) med. 1. growth, tumor, 2. skin C chipukizi, chipuko (ma-) sprout, shoot. disease, ringworm. 3 choka (ma-) see shoka. Cf. chipua. 2 chokora see chokoa. chobea (and ass. chobeana) stand op- chokaa (-) lime, mortar, plaster, stucco. chipuko (ma-) see chipukizi. posite each other (in dancing). chokoza (caus. of chokoa) tease, annoy; choma — prepare lime by burning. deceive, cheat. chira, chura do harm (e.g., to a child) by chobeana see chobea. chokea (-) med. sty. failure to observe taboos and tradi- ichole (-) chole (edible fish). tional restrictions, cause bad luck chocha prod, urge forward (animals); chokesha, chokeza caus. of choka. (to someone). Cf. chirwa, churo, stir, poke, stir up. appl. chochea. 2 chole (-) chole (kind of bird). uchuro. stir (a fire), chochea matata (ugomvi). Ichoki (-) hot. liana (Strophanthus stir up unrest (conflict), incite, in- used for kombe, the of which are ichoma stick, stab, pierce; hurt, injure. chiriku, chiku (— ) 1. ornith. finch flame, double appl, chochelea. caus. poison). spur on, impel. preparing arrow fig. stimulate, excite, (Fringilla coelebs), canary. 2. fig. & int. chocheleza. enrage, provoke, oppZ. chomea. intr. chomeka. be talkative person, chatterbox. excite, irritate, challenge. Cf. kicho- chalk, stuck/pierced/stimulated (also tr.: cheo, kichocho, mchocheaji, mchocheo, 2 choki*. chaki LEngl.l (-) pipeclay. chokaa. stick /thrust into something), inv. chiririka (dial, tiririka) 1. drip, trickle; mchochezi, uchochezi. whiting, Cf. chomoa (rare shumua). pull out; lick; flow, run. 2. glide (of snakes). pull out/borrow kichochoro. (vyoko) rare oven. borrow, chomoa kisu. Cf. chirizi, mchiririko, mchirizi. chochoro (ma-) see choko a knife, chomoa fedha (nguo). borrow clear inv. -appl. chomolea. suffer pain); chokocha, chokora pick at, money (clothes), chiriwa (— ) see jiriwa. chochota feel, (severe chokoa, (e.g., the for/from someone; (fig.) steal burn/scald oneself. Cf. chonyota, out, take out the contents pull out appear, stir up. - meno. from. inv. -caus. chomoza. chirizi adj. dripping, trickling, machozi mchochota. meat of a coconut); 1^homeo, i chomo, teeth. oppZ. chokolea. caus. come out (sun). Cf. machirizi. trickling tears. Cf. chiri- pick the 2 2 uchomozi. tease, irritate, annoy; de- kichomi, mchoma, mchomo, rika. chogoe (— ) 1. hooked stick (used to chokoza. chokochoko, pull down branches in fruit-picking), ceive, cheat. Cf. 2 be on fire; set fire to; smoke kichokoo, mchokocho, mchokoo, choma burn, chiroko (— ) see choroko. 2. golf-club. linachoma. The mchokozi, uchokozi. out (bees, etc.). jua .

chombo 58 chongo chongo 59

2 2 sun is very hot. Cf. chomeo, chomo, chomoza inv.-caus. lopsided, of *choma. ^chongo (— ) chongo (purulent discharge chopi adj. /adv. 1. crooked, kichoma, kichomo, * mchoma, mchomaji, 2. drunk, from the eye). enda — . be lame, limp. fig. A mchomo, uchomaji. intoxicated. *chondo ( — ) 1. musical instrument chombo (vyombo) 1. tool, implement, (kind of xylophone). 2. signaling chongoa inv. of chonga. chopoa inv. of chopa. instrument, utensil, apparatus; item of

household goods, piece of furniture, chongoe (vi-) chongoe (large fish). chopa. cha kufanyia chopoka inv.-intr. of kazi. tool, implement ^chondo (vyondo) chondo (small travel- 1 jongoo. (used in working), vyombo vya akiba. ing-bag). chongoo (ma-) see

spare parts. 2. cooking-pot, pan, jar, ^chora 1. scratch, carve; cut/carve in

) incitement (to quarrel, combat). jug, cup. 3.: vyombo. household chonjo (— stone. 2. int. chorachora. scribble, "'chondo (vyondo) chondo (small sea- goods, personal belongings; gear, write illegioiy. u/. cnoro, nicuuiu, mussel). machinery. 4. sailing-vessel (of vari- mchorachora, mchoraji, mchoro, instigate, stimulate, ous kinds), loc. chomboni. on board. chonjomoa incite, mchorochoro, uchoraji. chonga 1. cut (with an instrument), — cha angani. spaceship. — cha impel. Cf. chonjo. chop, carve. — sanamu. carve a 2 kuandikishia maneno. tape-recorder. chora* (— ) see shura. statue. 2. cut to a point, sharpen. — cha kunyunyizia. pulverizer, chonyota prickle, sting, burn, pilipili — kalamu. sharpen a pencil, appl. inachonyota ulimini. The pepper burns atomizer. — cha kukuzia sauti. micro- chorachora int. chora. chongea. cut, sharpen something. of phone. — cha simu. telephone booth. on the tongue. Cf. chochota. 3. fig. slander, chongea kwa maneno (-, ma-) scratch; drawing, engrav- mabaya. bring someone into discredit choro chonza (— ) discord, unrest, tia — ^-chomeo (ma-) 1. pointed ing; (chorochoro) scribble, scrawl. object (stick, by spreading tales about him. in v. cause unrest. *chora. awl, etc.). 2. pain. 3. small wound, chongoa. shape, round off. inv.-intr. Cf.

prick (left after removing a thorn, etc.) chongoka. Cf. chonge, chongelezo, privy, water closet. choo (vyoo) 1. toilet, fringe-eared oryx. Cf. *choma. mchongezi, mchongo, uchongezi. choroa (-) zool. enda chooni. go to the toilet. 2. need oneself; bowel movement, to relieve chorochoro (ma-) see choro. ^chomeo (ma-) something used for cook- chonge (— ) anat. canine tooth; tooth urination. — yabisi. constipation, ing: frying-pan, grill, etc. Cf. 2 c homa. filed to a point. Cf. chonga. vyoo excreta. — kidogo. urine. — choroko, chooko, chiroko (— ) choroko kikubwa. feces. bean). chongelezo (ma-) slander, calumny, (small green chomo (ma-) blow, cut, stab, prick. gossip. Cf. chonga. Cf. choma. (— ) see choroko. chooko chosha caus. of choka.

^chongo (— ) see mchongo. amount, a hand- ^chomo (ma-) 1. burn, scar from burn- chopa 1. take (a small choshi adj. tiring, exhausting. ing. 2. in business on a small product of combustion, slag. ful); engage Cf. Ichoka. — la chuma. iron slag. Cf. ^choma. ^chongo (— ) hump (on the back). scale, vend, hawk. inv. chopoa. pull away, seize; steal. out; snatch (fig.) chosho (ma-) see josho. stolen. chomoa inv. of ^chortia. ''chongo (— ) condition of having only inv.-intr. slip away; (fig.) be

one eye. mwenye — . one-eyed person. 2. (ma-) handful, bundle (of firewood). chosi (— ) chosi (kind of bird). inv. -appl. *choma. chomolea of ana — . He has only one eye. Cf. Cf. kichopa, mchopozi. uchongo. chota 60 chuchi chuchu 61 ?huku£

chota take a little of something. — maji. ^chuchu (ma-) rare dwarf, pygmy. chujio (— , ma-), kichujio (vi-) filter, ^chozi (— ) ornith. sunbird. Cf. kichozi, draw water (by the bucketful), caus. strainer. Cf. chuja.

chotesha, choteza. fig. alinichota ^chuchu ( — , ma-) anat. nipple. chua, tua rub, rub in, massage; clean, = akili. He deceived/cheated me. chujo (— , ma-) 1. chujio. 2. product (= titi.) polish (by rubbing); (fig.) flatter, de- of filtering/straining: Cf. choto, mchoto. residue, de- ceive, appl. chulia. rub something, posit, precipitate. Cf. chuja. chuchumaa squat, crouch, caus. jiwe la kuchulia. pestle, grindstone. chotara*, chokora (ma-) 1. half-breed, chuchumaza. ass. chuana. rub/massage each other; chujua inv. chuja. mestizo* 2. person who works at odd of (fig.) quarrel, caus. chusha. irri- jobs, servant performing heavy /dirty chuchumaza caus. chuchumaa. tate, anger, provoke, jichua. of refl. chujuka inv.-intr. chuja. work. 3. fig. hanger-on. of masturbate. chuchumia stretch, stand on tiptoe or chote see -ote. chuki (— ) 1. bad humor/mood, dis- hind legs (animals). ^chua (vyua) see chura. satisfaction. 2. dislike, aversion,

contempt, ona — . be in a bad humor. choto (ma-) small amount: piece, bit, chuchunge (— ) swordfish (Nemiramphus chuakari (— ) rare precious stone, — na majivuno ya kitaifa. chauvinism. fragment, morsel. Cf. chota. far). {- mchumbururu.) jewel. Cf. johari. Cf. chukia, chukio, uchukivu. chovu adj. 1. tired, exhausted. chudi (— ) see jadi. chub! inter j. Be quiet! chukia hate, despise, abhor, loath. 2. tiring, boring, annoying. caus. chukiza. offend, insult. Cf. *choka. chugachuga be uneasy, feel uncomfort- chubua abrade, rub off (skin), rub sore, refl. -caus. jichukiza. be annoyed able; be confused, unprepared. Cf. bruise badly, gall. — miguu. get sore with oneself, ass. chukiana. Cf. chovya put/dip/plunge into a liquid; machugachuga. feet. appl. chubulia. intr. chubuka. chuki. submerge, appl. chovyea. pass. Cf. chubuko. chovywa. chovyo, mchovya, Cf. chuguu ( — ) (augment . of kichuguu) chukio, chukizo (ma-) (usually machukio, mchovyo. 1. anthill, termite-heap. 2. pile of chubui (— ) see chubwi. machukizo) hatred, disgust; offense, ashes or refuse. insult. chuki, chukia. chovyo (ma-) dipping, plunging, sub- Cf. chubuko (ma-) abrasion, bruise, sore. merging. chovya. Cf. chui (— ) leopard, comm. chui wa Cf. chubua. chukiza caus. of chukia. karatasi. paper tiger. chovywa pass, chovya. of chukizo (ma-) see chukio. chubwi, chubui (— ) 1. naut. lead. chuja filter, strain; press out; cleanse, 2. sinker (on a fishing line), plumb- chuku ( — ) 1. med. cupping-glass. choyo (— ) greed, avarice; parsimony, purify; fig. separate, isolate, pick line. piga — . cup, bleed; (fig.) exagger- stinginess; meanness, pettiness, out, select, sort, refine. — watu ate, tell unbelievable stories. mwenye — . miser, ana — . He is wengine. pick out a few people. chucha see ^chicha. 2. rare lie, falsehood; something stingy. Cf. ntoyo. inv. chujua. thin, dilute, water down. invented, fiction; nostrum, hadithi

inv.-intr. chujuka. be washed-out/ ya — . story, fiction. chuchia shake, move back and forth, faded; fade (of colors), appl. chujia. *chozi, jozi (ma-) tear, lia (toka) swing. — mtoto. rock a child. chukua 1. carry, take along; take, take chujia mvuke. liquefy. Cf. chujio, machozi. shed tears. away, remove, maji yanachukua chujo, uchujo. mchanga. The water washes the sand . .

shukuli 62 chunga chunga 63 chupa

away. 2. fig. bear, endure. — taabu. turret airplane). — cha (of an dwa. ^chunga, shunga watch over, take care of, chuni (— ) chuni (waterfowl). endure hardships. 3. last. — muda drugstore. — shed, barn. chakuni. tend, take to pasture (cattle, sheep, mkubvva. last a long time. appl. — cha kulala. bedroom. — cha kulia. etc.). Cf. machunga, mchungaji, chunjua ( — ) med. wart. chukulia. 1. carry to/for someone. dining-room. — cha maktaba. reading- uchungaji. 2. fig. have sympathy, feel for. room. chumbisha, jumba, kichu- Cf. A chuno (ma-) (usually machuno) skinning appl.-intT. chukulika. haichukuliki. mba, kijichumba, mchumba, nyumba, ''chunga (— ) hull, pod, shell. flaying. Cf. chuna. It is unbearable, ass. chukuana. sup- uchumba, unyumba.

port each other, agree together, con- chungio (— ) sieve. Cf. ^chunga. chuno (— ) see kiuno. form, appl.-ass. chukuliana. caus. chumbe (vyumbe) see kiumbe.

chukuza. to 1 employ someone carry chungu (vyungu), ungu (nyungu) clay something, hire as a bearer, ass.- bring about an engagement. chumbisha vessel, cooking pot. kufinyanga caus. chukuzana. 1. pass, be engaged carry by turns. chumbishvva. (of vyungu. pottery. kichungu, Cf. chunuka favor/encourage someone, be 2. accompany each other, go together. a girl). Cf. chumba, mchumba, jungu, ^mkungu. well-disposed toward someone. See Cf. mchukuzi, uchukuzi. uchumba. also tunuka. ^chungu, kichungu adj. 1. bitter, sharp, chukulia appl. of chukua. chumi (— ) cowrie-shell(s) (used in acrid. 2. fig. unpleasant, angry, playing games). Cf. ^chuma. ^chunusi, kinusi (— ) med. acne. harsh, maneno machungu. bitter/harsh chukuti pi. of uchukuti. words. Cf. uchungu. chumo (ma-) total product, yield; (fig.) "'chunusi (ma-) see chinusi. chukuza caus. of chukua. receipts, earnings, profits. Cf. ^chuma.

"chungu (— , ma-), kichungu (vi-) heap, chur.yu (— ) salt-deposit/incrustation pile; quantity; mass, crowd. — nzima. chula (vyula) see chura. chumu (vi-) rare good luck. (from sea-water); salinity, ardhi ina — a great deal, a lot (of...), mkutanoni saiiferous earth. Cf. chumvi, munyu. walikuwapo watu — nzima. There were chumvi (— ) salt; saltiness, salinity; *chuma (vyuma) 1. (piece of) iron. sharpness, pungency. — ya haluli. a lot of people in the gathering. — cha pua. steel, mabamba ya — *chuo (vyuo) 1. school. — kikuu. uni- Epsom salts, sulphate of magnesia. chunguchungu. adv. in great quantity/ sheet iron. — cha noti. tuning-fork, versity, enda chuoni. go to school, number. fig. tia — . exaggerate, boast. bao la — . iron bar. — cha reli. rail, mwana chuoni. learned man, scholar. coll. kula — nyingi. have a long life. chuma chapua kisioganda/kisichoingia 2. rare book (~ kitabu). — cha sala.

^chungu (— ) (black) ant. kutu. stainless steel. 2. fig. hard- prayer-book. chuna (and inv. chunua) skin, flay ness, severity, mtu huyu ni — . This (animals); strip off (bark), scrape off. chungua inv. of chunga. man is steady /reliable. chuo (vyuo) chuo (pointed stick used Cf. chuno, mchunaji. o chunguchungu see chungu. for opening coconuts). ^chuma {dial, tunda) 1. gather, pick Ichunga sift, screen; shake; (fig.) (fruit). 2. fig. earn, make a profit. -appl. chunga. chungulia inv. of chupa (— , ma-) 1. bottle. 2. jar (for tremble (from fear), inv. chungua. chumi, chumo, uchumaji, uchumi. Cf. jam, etc.). 3. anat. uterus, womb. inv. -appl. chungulia. inv. -caus. (int.) chunguza inv. -caus. int. chunga, & of kuvunja — . first stages of childbirth. chunguza. examine/investigate care- chumba (vyumba) room (of a house). fully; (fig.) pry into/meddle in someone — cha mwendesha ndege. cockpit, chungwa (ma-) orange. Cf. mchungwa. else's affairs. Cf. chungio, mchunguzi, uchunguzi. , !

chupa 64 chwele 65 daga

^chupa 1. jump, hop. chura anachura. churuwa* (— ) med measles Cf, surua.

The frog jumps. 2. fig. become too short/small (of clothes), suruali churuza int. of churura. daa ( — ) daa (kind of worm used for fish- inquisitive, appl. dadisia. caus. da- yangu imechupa. My trousers have be- bait). disiza. Cf. mdadisi, udadisi. come too small for me. appZ. chupia. chusa*, chussa L?J (vyusa) harpoon

move fast, gallop. (for large fish) intr. daawa*, dai ( — , ma-) lawsuit, (legal) dadisika* of dadisi.

action, (civil) suit, claim. Cf. dai, chusha caus. of chua. chura (vyura) {rare chula, chua) frog, mdaawa, mdai, mdaiwa. dadisiza* caus. of dadisi. toad. chussa* (vyussa) see chusa.

Hadn* ( — . ma-) see dadu. Maba* (ma-) simpleton, fooi. chura see chira. chut! inter/. - kefii dadu*, dado LPort.J (-, ma-) 1. die,

"daba (— , ma-) see debe. churo adj. unlucky, ill-omened, mtoto dice. 2. any game played with dice. chutama squat, crouch. mchuro. child who is supposed to dabaulo* see tahawali. bring misfortune to his family because dafi* ( — ) tambourine. ^chuuza int. of churura. of omens (marks, etc.). Cf. chira,

dabiku* ( — ) rare sacrifice, offering. uchuro. dafina* ( — ) 1. something valuable/pre- Cf. dhabihu. ''chuuza engage in business in a small cious. 2. hidden treasure, find, churua see surua. way, be a hawker/peddler, have a treasure trove. 3. unexpected gift, dabiri* rare find (again). small shop. Cf. mchuuzi, uchuuzi. windfall.

churupuka flee, run away, escape; slip debwedebwe adj. fluid, ) tuzuu. dabwadabwa, from one's hand. chuzuu* (— see dafrao*, dafurao 1. (— ) collision, im-

watery, diluted, wa — . watery pact, clash; accident, motakaa mbili twa) go down, set (sun). rice. churura {and int. churuza, chuuza) drip, chwa {also ziligongona (pigana) — . Two automo-

trickle; run, flow (off), drain, intr. kumekuchwa. The sun has gone biles collided. 2. adv. face to face.

down. It is evening, mchana kutwa. chururika {and int. chururiza). fig. iDachi* I Engl.'] adj. Dutch. piga (pigana) — . fight hand to hand. the whole day long, kutwa kucha. be wasted away, emaciated (after an every day and every night, kucha daftari*, deftari (— ) 1. ledger, account illness). Cf. chururu. ^Dachi* L Germ. J adj., arch. German. hata (mpaka) kuchwa. from morning = book, catalogue, index, list. — ya ( -a kijeremani.) Cf. Kidachi, Mda- till evening, the whole day through. chururika intr. churura. hesabu. account book. 2. notebook, of chi, Udachi. kesho kutwa. day after tomorrow. exercise book. appl. chwea. double appl.-pass. chururiza int. of churura. dada (— , ma-) 1. sister. 2. form of po- chwelewa. be overtaken by darkness. dafu (— ) dafu (coconut in the unripe lite address among women. Cf. machwa. stage, with milk), dafu or chururu (— ) efflux, trickle; leak, seepage. much maji

churura. ya — . coconut milk. Cf. dadisa gird, wind around. chwelewa double appl.-pass. of chwa.

dafurao* (— ) see dafrao. churusi (vyurusi) chisel. dadisi* besiege with questions, pump;

spy on. intr. dadisika. be curious/ daga* (— ) see dagaa. dagaa 66 dakiz dakta 67 danganya

dagaa*, daga (-) 1. dagaa (small fish, — dawamu. 2. adj. -a — . permanent, dakta* (ma-) see daktari. dama* {.Port. J (— ) game played on a anchovy, sardine). 2. fig. trifle, constant, lasting. 3. mil. regular, = board. ( bao 3.) inconsequential thing. afisa — wa . regular officer. Cf. dumu. daktari*, dakta L Engl. J (ma-) doctor,

physician. Cf. mganga. — wa kupa- dambwa (ma-) dambwa (secret place daghadagha* 1. (-) confusion (of mind), 1 = daka 1. grasp, seize; catch. — suwa. rare surgeon. ( kuchinja.) mpira, where preparations are made for the uncertainty. 2. v. be uncertain. catch a ball. udaktari. 2. fig. catch at (an Cf. circumcision ceremonies). Cf. dukuduku. idea). — maneno. make a quick/

shrewd reply, contradict, appl. dakia. daku* (— ) feast of Muhammadans at the damisi* adj. cheerful, jolly. Cf. dagla* [lnd.1 (ma-) cloth coat (dec- jump over/across (water, tree to conclusion of Ramadhan. from udamisi. orated with ornaments). tree), caus. dakiza. retort, object,

contradict, interrupt (a conversation), dakua inv. A daka. of damka obs. see jidamka. daha* see dai. inv. dakua. talk foolishly, chatter,

gossip, dakua siri. divulge secrets, dakuliza inv. -appl. -caus. of daka. damu* (— ) 1. blood, toa — . bleed. dahabu* (-) see dhahabu. blab. inv. -appl. -caus. dakuliza. 2. fig. menstruation, ingia damuni. protest, object to, demur, disavow, dalali* (ma-) agent, broker, auctioneer. menstruate. 3. blood relationship. dahari* 1. (— ) epoch, century, age. Cf. dakizo, mdakizi, mdako, mdaku- Cf. udalali. coll. — yangu mwenyewe. my own 2. adv. always, constantly. lizi, udakaji, udaku, udakuzi; also flesh and blood (i.e., child), watu dukiza, dukizi. dalasini*, daliasini LPers.J cinnamon. wenye — . blood relatives. dahi dial, offer, sacrifice, Cf. mdalasini. prov. — ni nzito kuliko maji. Blood

^daka (ma-) 1. hiding-place, niche. is thicker than water. dahili* 1. be well informed about a per- dalia* (— ) powder (cosmetic). 2. shelf (on a wall), cupboard. son. 2. (ma-) inquiry, investigation. Cf. kidaka. danda rare see panda. Cf. mdahalo. dalili*, delili (— ) 1. sign, trace, signal,

dakalika rare be tired/exhausted. indication. — ya mguu. footprint. dandalo (— ) dandalo (a kind of dance). dai*, daha 1. demand, claim; (leg.) prov.: — ya mvua ni mawingu. Clouds press = claims, bring action, sue. appl. are the signs of rain ( one can always dakawa* (— ) naut. tow-rope, hawser. Manga: — maji dip up water (carefully, daia. demand in someone else's name, tell when there is something wrong vuta — . to tow. in small quantities). act as attorney/solicitor, ass. with someone whom one knows well).

daiana. refl. jidai. demand something a bad omen, si dakika* (— ) minute, (brief) period of 2. omen. — mbaya.

for oneself (without justification, ^danga (— ) (white) yam (Dioscorea time, kwa — moja. in a moment, hata — . not a bit, not in the least. falsely). 2. (ma-) (also alata). daawa) de- immediately, at once, ndani ya — mand, claim, madai ya fedha. claim chache. in a few minutes. dalji* adv. kuenda — . walk gracefully;

for ) dang'a (the first milk of an money, amount due, debt. Cf. amble (of horses). dang'a (— daawa, mdaawa, mdai, mdaiwa. animal after having given birth; dakiza caus. of daka. dalki* see telki. beestings). daifu* dahifu. dakizo (ma-) objection, protest, con- (-) see dalasini. danganya lie to someone, deceive, tradiction; interruption (of a conver- daliasini* daima*, dawamu, dawama 1. adv. always, cheat, swindle. appl. danganyia. sation). Cf. daka. constantly, continually, emph. caus. danganyisha. Cf. danganyifu, dama* (— ) see tama. danganyo, mdanganyi, udanganyifu. ) )

danganyifu darubini 69 dege

— darubini*, durubini, darbini LPers.J ( — ya kuhara (kuharisha). purgative, danganyifu adj. deceitful, fraudulent. daraka* (ma-) (usually madaraka) 1. ar- telescope, binoculars. — ya vidudu. laxative. — ya kupatisha. emetic. mtu mdanganyifu. a deceitful person, rangement, regulation, precept. 2. ob- microscope. — ya kunywa. medicine for internal mke mdanganyifu. an unfaithful wife. ligation, responsibility, duty, chukua use. — ya kupaka. salve, ointment.

Cf. danganya. — . have responsibility, be responsible. — ya sindano. vaccine, serum. darumeti* L ? J ( — ) interior framework of madaraka ya kiasi. limited responsi- a (native) ship. 2. (also nyumba ya — or nyumba ya danganyo (ma-) (usually madanganyo) bility/liability, madaraka bila kiasi. kutoa — ) pharmacy, drugstore, deceit, deception, fraud; hypocrisy. unlimited responsibility /liability. darzeni* ( — ) see dazani. Cf. danganya. 3. pledge, security, guarantee. 4. full dawaa* see duwaa. responsibility, plenary powers; (pol.) ^dasi* LP ers.? J ( — ) naut. rope (sewed splf.irnvp.nm.nt =„t rt \--\}-\ dawama*, dawamu* see daima. into the edge of a sail).

darasa* (ma-, — ) instruction; lesson, danguro*, dangro LPort.J (ma-) 1. house dawati*, dauati (— ) (also kidawati) class; classroom, madarasa rare ^dasi* ( — ) med. dasi (disease of don- = of ill fame, brothel, loc. danguroni. writing desk. ( meza.) school. durusi. keys). section of a city where brothels are Cf.

located. 2. rare prostitute, whore. dazani*, dazeni, darzeni L Engl. J ( — ) darau* see dharau. dasili* (— ) dasili (a powder used as a dozen. remedy for skin diseases; prepared dansi*, densi lEngl. J (— ) (European) daraza* see darizi. from the leaves of the mkunazi tree). dance. dazeni* (— ) see dazani.

darbini* (— ) see darubini. dasturi* (— ) naut. bowsprit. ( , ma-) 1. tin danzi (ma-) bitter orange. Cf. mdanzi. debe*, daba [ Ind. J —

can, tank (for gasoline or kerosine ). * (—) 1. roof, attic; upper LPers.J 2. sheet metal. dapa see tapa. dasturi* (— ) see desturi. floor; ceiling (of a room); (flat) roof. (Originally the space under the roof data rare crack, crackle (noise of twigs debwani* ( — ) turban cloth. * LPers.J 1. touch, feel. 2. fig. where clothing and food were stored.) breaking). try out, put to the test. anakaa katika nyumba ya — . He lives debwedebwe see dabwadabwa. in a house of more than one floor/story. datama crouch down, bend over. daraba* (— ) lavatory space (on a dhow), 2. fig., naut. deck of a boat/ship. dede adv.: simama — . stand unsteadily walk). dau* ( — ) dhow (sailing vessel). (as an infant first learning to darabi* (ma-) rose apple. Cf. mdarabi. darii* (— ) see deraya.

dauati* (— ) see dawati. defa* (— ) rare time, occasion. — mbili. daraja* (ma-, — ) 1. bridge. — ya reli. darizi*, daraza, tarizi, taraza 1. em- = twice. ( mara.)

railroad bridge. 2. fig. rank, degree, broider (a border, edging). 2. (— daula* ( — , ma-) see dola. social status, amepewa — ya juu. He (also tarazo) embroidery, decoration. deftari* ( — ) see daftari.

has been promoted. 3. terrace (in kanzu ya — . a kanzu decorated with dausi*, tausi (— ) ornith. peacock. agriculture). 4. pi. steps, (flight of) embroidery. 3. adj. decorated, or- dega see tega. stairs; ladder (= ngazi). Cf. kida- namented. dawa* (— , ma-) 1. medicine, remedy, raja. drug. — ya homa. febrifuge. ^dege (ma-) see ndege. . . .

dege 70 deraya derereka 71 dha

demokrasi* LEngl. J (— ) democracy. derereka drip, trickle, flow. dhahabu*, ) — ''dege (— ) dege (kind of moth). dahabu (— min. gold, -a — yenye kiini kimoja. comm. demo- golden.

cratic centralism, jamhuri ya — dereva*, dreva LEngl. J (ma-) 1. driver, dege (— ) med. cramps, convulsions democratic republic, kidemokrasi. chauffeur. — wa ndege. pilot. 2. ma- dhahiri* adj. & adv. (well) known, clear, (esp. of small children). adj. democratic. chinist, mechanic. Cf. udereva. plain, evident, obvious. Cf. dhihiri, dhihirifu. 4 dege (ma-): — la watoto. hot. kind of demu (ma-) work clothes (for field work). Desemba* LEngl. J (— ) December. fern (Pteris longifolia). dhaifu*, daifu adj. 1. weak, sickly, in-

deski* LEngl.l (-) (school) desk. firm, feeble, powerless. 2. insignifi- Menge (— ) denge (a style of wearing the deheni* 1. (— ) deheni (waterproof mix- cant, slight, poor (in quality); unsuit- hair: the head is shaved leaving only a ture tor caulking boats). 2. v. to deste* (ma-) deste (vessel in which able, useless. 3. bad-tempered. patch on top). Cf. ^dengua. caulk with deheni. halua is stored). Cf. dhoofika, udhaifu.

^denge (— ) 1.: — ya mbuzi. billy goat. deheri* rare be plain/evident. = desturi*, dasturi (— ) custom, usage, prac- dhaka* (— ) rare jest, joke; mockery, ( beberu.) 2. goat pen (on poles; raised tice; customary /prescriptive law; rou- ridicule. off the ground). deka put on airs, be presumptuous/arro- tine, ni — . it is customary, kama — gant, caus. dekeza. spoil (a child). according to custom, fuata — . comply dhakari* (— ) anat. penis. (- uume, dengezi (— ) dengezi (kind of fish). with customs. inboo.) dekua (dial, dengua) bring down, knock

dengo* (— ) see dengu. down (birds with stones). — kichwa. dete, detepwani (— ) ornith. (species of) dhalika* see kadhalika. behead, decapitate, appl. dekulia. kingfisher. dengu*, dengo Llnd.J (—) 1. bot. Cf. udekuaji. dhalili* adj. deplorable, pitiful, miser- lentil. (= adesi.) 2. (us.) the thick detea rare limp, hobble. able, wretched; humble, meek, obse- soup made of lentils (or of beans or delali* L?J (ma-) rare peddler quious. peas). Cf. mdengu. = mchuuzi). ( detepwani (— ) see dete.

dhalimu* 1. (ma-) swindler, cheat; ^dengua see dekua. dele*, deli (— ) {also mdele, mi-) coffee- deua 1. take down/off (a pot from the oppressor, tyrant; unjust person. pot (made of metal). (- mdila.) fire). 2. fig. turn (the head, scorn- 2. adj. unjust, cruel, oppressive, shave off (the hair,, for a par- dengua fully). violent. Cf. mdhalimu, udhalimu. deli* (— ) see dele. ticular hair-style). Cf. denge. 3. v., see dhulumu.

deuli* Llnd.?] (— ) 1. silk sash or delili* (— ) see dalili. debt, (financial) obliga- deni* (-, ma-) waistband. 2. cloth for covering a dhaluma* (— ) see dhuluma.

(ingia) — . run into debt. tion, fanya bier, pall.

dema, ndema (— ) wickerwork fish-trap. lipa — . pay debts. Cf. mdeni. dhamana* (-) pledge, guarantee, se-

devu (ma-) augment, of udevu. curity, bail, weka — . give a guaran-

demani* (— ) 1. season (of the year; densi* (-) see dansi. tee, go bail. — ya maisha. social

period of the southeast monsoon from dhabihu*, (rare) dabiku 1. sacrifice security. Cf. dhamini.

autumn. 2. naut. darii, dirii, durui (— ) armor, August to October), deraya*, (things or animals). 2. (— ) sacrifice.

sheet. 3. (upande — ) lee naut.: wa armament. Cf. madhabahu, madhabuha. side. )

dhamani 72 dhiba dhibiti 73 dhulu

dhamani* sing, last month of the south dhania. think of/about, suspect. dhibiti* defend, monsoon. pass, dhaniwa. Cf. dhana, 'udhani. protect from; manage, misfortune, ana — gani? What kind of control, caus. dhibitisha. Cf. madhubuti, difficulties does he have? Cf. udhiki. udhibiti. dhambi* ( — , ma-) transgression, offense, dhara* (ma-) (usually madhara) damage,

dhikiri*, dhukuru, zikri (— ) Isl. mention crime; (rel.) sin. mwenye — tupu. injury, harm , loss; misfortune, acci- dhidi* ya... adv. anti-, against. of the name of God. constant offender/sinner, incorrigible dent, pata — . come to harm, be

criminal. — ya asili. original sin. damaged/injured, —a — . adj. injuri-

dhifa* ( — guesthouse; feast. dhila* see dhili. ous, harmful. Cf. dhuru. ) dhambu* (— ) see tambuu.

dhihaka* ( — ) derision, mockery, laughter, dharau*, darau 1. despise, disregard, dhili*, dhila 1. degrade, humiliate, despise. inking teasing. «ema (fanya) — . make 2. { — ) humiliation, disparagement, dis- dhamini* 1. (— ) guarantee, bail. 2. v. have a low opinion ot, scorn; deride, fun of, mock, deride. Cf. dhihaki. tress. 3 {also dhilifu) adj. low, abject, vouch for, go bail for, stand up for, ridicule, appl. dharaulia. 2. (— humiliated, degraded. madhilifu, guarantee, sponsor, appl, dhaminia. contempt, scorn; derision. Cf. dhihaki* joke, mock, deride, tease, appl. udhalifu. caus. dhaminisha. Cf. dhamana, dhihakia. caus. dhihakisha. Cf. mdhamini, udhamini. dharba* (— ) see dharuba. dhihaka. dhilifu* see dhili 3.

dhamira* (— ) see dhamiri. dhariri* (— ) radioactive dust.

dhihiri*, dhahiri be clear, obvious, dhima* ( — ) responsibility. apparent^ ) 1. im- prov. kweli ikidhihiri uvvongo dhamiri*, dhamira 1. (— ) thought, wish; dharuba*, dharba (— pressure;

hujitenga. When the truth is obvious, dhiraa* (— ) ell, cubit (unit measure: (innermost) conviction, intention; pact, shock; blow, stroke (of an ax, of Tare, falsehood usually gives way. appl. about 18 inches or half a yard). conscience, ni — ya Waafrika kupata etc.). 2. storm, gust of wind. 3. dhihiria. caus. dhihirisha explain, uhuru. It is the desire of the Africans arith. multiplication. show, reveal, expose. dhahiri, dhoofika*, dhoofu become weak/feeble/ to achieve independence. 2. v. think, Cf. dhihirifu, udhahirifu. infirm, caus. dhoofisha. Cf. dhaifu. intend, appl. dhamiria. reflect (about dharura* (— ) 1. (sudden, unexpected)

something); intend, contemplate; (ur- event, occurrence; confusion, commo- dhihirifu* adj. clear, plain, obvious, dhoofisha caus. dhoofika. gently) desire. tion. 2. rare business transaction, of deal. apparent, well known. Cf. dhahiri, dhihiri. dhoofu see dhoofika. dhamiria* appZ. of dhamiri 2. dhati* (-) 1. intention, plan, purpose,

nature, char- dhii* dwindle, waste away (strength, dhoruba* (— ) storm, hurricane. dhamisa* rare bring to an end, conclude. goal, aim. 2. essence, acter. 3. adv. doubtless, definitely. powers); grow weak, away, perish;

grieve, intr. dhiika. caus. dhiisha. dhuha* (— ) 1. period between sunrise and dhana* (— ) 1. thought, idea; opinion; alert- noon. 2 Isl. prayer of this time. suggestion, proposal. 2. suspicion, dhiaka* (ma-) 1. bait, lure. 2. (to meet a danger). dhiika* intr. of dhii. conjecture, surmise. Cf. dhani, ness, readiness dhuku* rare taste, try. 'udhani.

dhiba* (— ) arch, auxiliary troops, dhiisha* caus. of dhii. dhukuru* 1. remember, think, consider; dhani* think, consider, reflect; believe, auxiliaries. dhiki* 1. be in need, be poor; be in dis- praise (the name of Allah). 2. { — ) see ; assume, conjecture, appl. tress/difficulty; oppress, afflict. appZ. dhikiri.

dhikia. intr. dhikika. be in distress.

2. (ma-) difficulty, want, need, dhulu* rare be discovered, come to light. 75 dhulu 74 dodo

Idira* cut the hair, shave the head. diski* [Engl. J (— ) rare disc, phonograph dhuluma*, dhaluma (— ) injustice, oppres- digali* (— ) stem of a hookah. Cf. mdakale. sion, tyranny, exploitation. Cf. record.

dhulumu, dhalima. digrii* [.Engl. J (— , ma-) 1. (academic) ^dira* (— , ma-) 1. naut. compass. 2. elec.

dispensari* [Engl. J (— ) 1. dispensary, degree, rank. 2. degree (of temperature, meter. dhulumu* 1. treat unjustly, exploit, oppress; etc.). {~ daraja.) pharmacy. 2. public health service. do wrong, deceive, appl. dhulumia. 3dira (-) dira (kind of bird). divai* [Fr. du vinj (— ) wine. 2. (—•, ma-) injustice, oppression, dike* see tike.

tyranny. Cf. dhuluma, dhalimu. dirabu* arch. spin. diko* (ma-) naut. landing-place, moorings. divisheni* [Engl. J (— ) division, part, dhumna* (— ) dice game, dominoes. section. dirauira* tSiK cvasivclj', beat muunu the

dikteshin*, diktesheni (—) [Engl. J dicta- bush. Cf. duara, duru. diwani* (ma-) 1. adviser. 2. public servant; dhuria* (— ) descendants, progeny. tion (in school). Cf. imla. civil leader, dignitary. 3. collection of dirhamu* (— ) arch. dirhem (coin). dhurisha* caus. of dhuru. dikteta* [Engl. ] (-) dictator. Cf. poems. 4. arch, court/council of a king. udikteta. dirii* (— ) see deraya. doa 1. (ma-) spot, blot. la dhuru* damage, hurt, injure, haidhuru. It — mafuta. grease spot. 2. pi. madoa {also red. madoadoa does no harm. It does not matter. All dila* (— ) dipper, bailer. diriki* {also tadariki, tadaraki) be able, w. adj. spotted, varicolored. right, OK. appl. dhuria. caus. dhurisha. sense: be in time (for something); manage, Cf. dhara. dili (— ) dili (kind of snake). achieve, attain; be successful, have doana (ma-) see ndoana. possibilities; undertake, venture, appl.

dia* (— ) punishment, penalty, fine; atone- dimba (ma-) dimba (camp at which initiation dirikia. Cf. daraka. ment (for homicide); ransom; (rel.) re- rites are performed). *dobi* [ind. J (ma-) laundryman. Cf.

tribution, toa (lipa) — . pay a penalty. udobi. dirisha* [Pers.j (ma-) 1. square, dimbwi (ma-) pool, puddle. Cf. kidimbwi. rectangle, -a madirisha. checkered,

dibaji* (— ) style (of writing); introduction checked; divided into squares. ^dobi adj. heavily laden (a vessel, etc.). (to a letter or book). Cf. udibaji. dimu (— ) see ndimu. 2. window. Cf. kidirisha. doda 1. turn bad (of perishable goods),

sub- dinari* (— ) arch, dinar (gold coin). didima, didimia sink in/down, be become cold Idirizi* [Fr. diriger?J direct, lead (singing, (of foods), appl. dodea. swallowed up. intr. didimika merged, be caus. dodesha. 2. fail dancing). to get something intr.-appl. didimikia. bore, pierce, dinda 1. be firm /taut. 2. phy. be erect, & which one has long desired. 3. drop, caus. have an erection (of the penis). 3. be penetrate (with an implement), drip, trickle. ^dirizi* (— ) arch, iron armor. didimisha. put/stuff into. lasting/durable. 4. be contrary /opposed.

dodi (ma-), udodi (dodi) 1. wire (iron or be erect the penis). see didima. dindi (ma-) see lindi. disa vulg. (of didimia brass). 2. -bracelet (made of such wire). = ( dinda.)

sport 1. <-) defense. dindia sink down, go to the bottom; difensi* [Engl.l dodo (ma-) 1. breast (of a young woman). dishi*, disi [.Engl. J (ma-) dish, tureen; 2. (ma-) fullback (football). penetrate. 2.:- embe — . large mango. (rare) dishes, crockery.

difu* (ma-) {also kidifu, kilifu, vi-) fiber dini* (— ) religion, creed, faith, worship.

(of young coconut leaves). ,

dodo 76 dolola dominika 77

, keep, lay aside. dohori* (— ) 1. rare midday, noon. 2. dodoa rare Isl. dominika* i_Lal. j (—) re I. Sunday ^dondoo (ma-) see ^dondo. time of prayer. = ( siku ya Bwana). — ya . Palm dodofu (— ) dodofu (kind of fish). Sunday. ^dondoo (— ) see dondoro. dokeza 1. indicate, suggest, hint; tell some- dodoki* (ma-) hot. (fruit of the) luffah thing secretly. 2. use something in small domo (ma-) (augment, ofmdomo) 1. {large) 1 dondoro, dondoo (— ) dondoro (kind of (Luffa acutangula). Cf. m dodoki. amounts (e.g., medicine). Cf. dokezo, lip/beak. 2. fig. talkativeness, boast- dokoa, antelope, steinbuck). kidokezo, kidoko. ing, ana — . He talks constantly/

*dodosa 1. hesitate, drawl; falter, stammer chatters, piga — . boast, brag. 3. fig.

dokezi (ma-) hindrance, obstacle, ^dondoro (— ) dondoro (stinging insect, (in speaking or reading). 2. cross- projection, crag; promentory, cape. impediment. hornet). examine.

dona 1. pick at, peck, pick up; bite (fish, dokezo (ma-) suggestion, hint, recommenda- at bait), kuku wanadona nafaka. Chickens donge (ma-) 1. lump, ball. — la uzi. ball ^dodosa strike, beat, knock, rattle; tion. Cf. dokeza. pick up grain, sar aki wanadona sasa. of yarn. — la damu. clot of blood. scratch, scrape. 2. coll. The fish are biting now (it is a good time money; winnings; bonus, raise pay. dokhani* ( — ) see ^dohani. for fishing), appl. donea. caus. donesha. in Cf. tonge, kidonge. doea 1. interfere, meddle; spy; observe, ass. donana. peck each other (chickens investigate, study; pursue. 2. mil. dokoa 1. break/bite off a small amount of etc.). inv. donoa. peck, sting, bite; dongo see udongo. engage in reconnaissance, appl. doelea. something. 2. = dokeza. appl. dokolea. (fig,) kiss. 2. (ma-) grain of poor Cf. doya, mdoezi. report, tell (news). dokeza. dongoa (— ) Cf. quality. Cf. mdono. mass, lump.

dofara*, dofra (ma-) dofara (sailmaker's donoa inv. dokolea appl. of dokoa. donda (ma-) (large) ulcer, sore. — ndugu. of dona. measure). sore that refuses to heal. Cf. dondoa,

dokua (— ) dokua (kind of beer). kijidonda. dopa* (ma-) sailmaker's palm (of leather dofra* (ma-) see dofara. or canvas, to protect the hand when sewing heavy material). Idola*, daula, daulati (— , ma-) government, dogo adj. /adv. 1. small, little; young. *dondo (ma-) 1. {large) cowrie-shell. state, power. Jumuia ya Madola. United 2. starch clothing) gloss. mtolo mdogo. a small child, red. dogo- (for , dopoa rare see Nations, mkuu wa — . chief of state. toboa. dogo. very small, tiny. 2. fig. sub-,

junior, deputy, komiti ndogo. sub- ^dondo, dondoo (ma-) {usually madondo) 2dola* LEngl.l (-) dollar. Idoria* Llnd.l (-) doria (bleached committee, vvaziri mdogo. deputy excerpt, quotation, extract; note(s). muslin). minister. 3. slight, insignificant, un- Cf. ^dondoa. dole (ma-) 1. augment, kidole. 2. (single) important. 4.: kidogo adv. a little, of z banana. 3. clumsy person. doria* (— ) mil. patrol, advance guard. somewhat, not much. Cf. kidogo, udogo. Idondoa 1. pick up a little at a time.

askari — . outpost, picket, linda — . to 2. {also caus. dondosha) drop (one doli* [EnglJ (-) doll. patrol. dogori (ma-) dogori (kind of drum). object after another). 3. make a

selection. 4. quote. dolola 1. dribble, drool, slaver (of saliva). dohani*, dokhani (-) 1. smoke-vent, dosari* (— ) rare error, mistake; fault, 2. be unsuccessful (in getting something). chimney. 2. smoke, soot. 3. long, defect. ^dondoa form/cause sores; wound, injure. 3. take a long time (in agreeing on the narrow basket (for carrying fruit). donda. price, when making a purchase). Cf. dudur 79 doti 78 dudulika dumili

dudumi (— ) dudumi (large horn). a shopping trip. — la vitabu (mboga). doti* Llnd.l (-) 1. loincloth (- ^shuka.) duba* rare be partially/ not quite full/ book (vegetable) store. 2. measure of length (4 yards). — ya filled. dudumia pierce, puncture, perforate, cons. . a part of the kanga (see kanga). dudumiza. intr. dudumika. intr.-ass. dukisa see dukiza. ^dubu* rare improve, correct. dudumikana. cause each other embarrass- dovuo (— ) dribble of saliva (during sleep). ment, intr. -caus. dudumikiza. press, dukisi (ma-) see dukizi.

^dubu* (— ) zool. bear. squeeze. doya, doyadoya reconnoiter, spy, investi- dukiza, dukisa impose oneself, intrude; gate; sponge (o free meal, although un- dubwana* [.Ind.^1 1. (ma-) giant. 2. adj. huge, dudumikiza intr. -caus. of dudumia. listen (secretly), eavesdrop, appl. dukizia. invited), caus. doyeza. Cf. doea, gigantic; extreme, excessive. Cf. daka dukizi. mdoezi. (?), dudumizi (ma-) dudumizi (kind of bird,

dubwasha* Und.J (— ) loud (dull, reverber- coucal). (= tipitipi.) doyadoya see doya. dukizi, dukisi (ma-) eavesdropping, gossip- ating) sound (report of a shotgun, noise mongering. Cf. dukiza. etc.). of an ax striking wood, Cf. duduvule (— ) duduvule (kind of wood-boring doyeza caus. of doya. dubwana. hornet), dudu. Cf. dukuduku* (— ) 1. confusion, embarrassment; amazement, speechlessness; unrest, ex- drammeja* [Engl.} (— ) drummer. dude* (ma-) 1. anything the name of which dufi dufi (— ) (kind of sea-tortoise). citement; alarm, apprehension. 2. urgent one does not know or cannot remember, request. daghadagha. dresa* [.Engl, dresser] (ma-) orderly, Cf. — gani what's-its-name, thingumbob. dufu* 1. (ma-) simplicity, folly, stupidity. nurse's aide. Cf. udresa. hili? What kind of a thing is that? — la — mtu or mtu . foolish/stupid person. dulabu* (— ) spinning wheel. 2. coll. worthless person, good-for- 2. adj. stupid, foolish, silly; dull, dreva* (ma-) see dereva. nothing. Cf. kidude; also dudu (?). narrow-minded; useless, uninteresting; duma (— ) zool. .

(fig.) insipid, in bad taste. Cf. udufu. dua* (— ) 1. prayer; plea, petition, omba dudia rare fill in (a hole); fill up, pour dumaa be stunted, underdeveloped, atrophied; — . pray. prou. — ya kuku haimpati on. dugi adj. dull, blunt, kisu kidugi. a dull be backward, retarded (mentally). mwewe. The prayer of the hen does not knife. Cf. dugika. reach the hawk. 2. curse, spell, incanta- ^dudu* (ma-) 1. augment, of *mdudu. dumbu dial. see umbu. tion. 2. (fig.) parasite (term of abuse). dugika be dull/blunt. Cf. dugi. dume (ma-) male animal, male sex. — dualf duv la ) mat). 2dudu (ma-) med. infectious disease; dugu (— dugu (round farasi or farasi — . stallion, fig. amezaa

smallpox. — mai. chicken pox. Cf. — . She has given birth to a boy. sauti duara*, duwara (— , ma-) 1. circle. duguda shake, jog, jolt. — . bass . Cf. Time. 2. wheel; windlass, winch. — ya maji. duduka. waterwheel. — ya meno. cogwheel. — duduka {also dudulika) be deformed, dis- duhushi* search out; look into, investigate; dumiliza* go through the ceremony of blood- kamili. elec. circuit. 3. adj. round, figured (as a result illness or an spy. friendship. Cf. dumilizo; also dumu, circular, usukani ni mduara. The of accident). — uso. have a pockmarked dumisha. steering wheel is round. Cf. diradira, face. ~dudu, duduvule, kidudusi. duka* (ma-) shop, store, business, weka duru, mduara. Cf.

(anza) — . open a business, up weka dumilizo* (ma-) (ceremony of) blood- sale, dudulika see duduka. dukani. display for vunja — . give friendship. dumiliza. duazi*, duwazi (ma-) a person who is Cf. up a business, tembea madukani. go on speechless from amazement. Cf. duwaa. . . .

dumisha 80 durubini durufu 81

dumisha* conclude a blood-friendship. scaffolding; (rel.) pulpit. — la ndege. durufu (ma-) canvas cover. dutu Cf. dumu caus. cockpit (of an airplane). (-, ma -) 1. form, shape, appearand constitution. 2. fig. spot, blemish; durui* (_) see deraya. 1 dungudungu (ma-) 1. deformity. 2. deformed pimple, wart. dumu (ma-) can, jug, mug, pot. person. 3. something badly made. = mdurau.) ( durusi* duvi 4. confusion of mind. rare attend a school, learn, pi. of uduvi. study. Cf. darasa. dumu* remain, keep on, last (a long time), duwaa*, dawaa, duala be dumbfounded, dungumaro (-) 1. evil spirit. 2. drum for continue. -» daima. last forever, caus. shocked, unnerved; be warding off such a spirit, dusa* appl. silent (from ngoma ya — (& dusia) sponge, live at dumisha. Cf. daima. astonishment); be ceremony for exorcising in a difficult situa- an evil spirit. others' expense. Cf. mdusi. tion; become cnnfnaeA. C f . duazi. dunda strike forcibly against something. duni* adj. insignificant, low, mean, dusamali*(_) see dusumali. duwara* (-, ma .) Cf. mdundo. see duara . inferior; unimportant, useless, jambo — an unimportant matter, lowness, vulgari- dusumali*. duwazi * ( ma -) dusamali [PersJ (-) (colored) *« duazi. *dundu (ma-) dried gourd or pumpkin used ty, mtu — . an insignificant person. kerchief or scarf (worn by women). i as a container for liquids, calabash. duzi (ma-) rare eavesdropper, gossip. dunia* (— ) universe, world, globe, earth. duta rebound, bounce back (a ball); re- sehemu ya — . continent, ^dundu (— ) scavenger beetle. fariki/aga — 2 dUZ '* ^ ma *^ semi - wild verberate; return, reflect ( ) tomcat. euph. depart from the world, die. (light). dundua be deformed/mutilated. dunzi (ma-) see mdunzidunzi. dunduiza begin to ripen (of fruit). 1 dupa step/jump over, cross; press forward, dunduliza put aside, lay away, save, push one's way through.

keep in reserve.

^dupa (ma-) see tupa. dundumio (ma-) anat. larynx, Adam's ebee* see labeka edita* [Engl.1 (-) editor. = apple. ( kikoromeo.) dura* (-) parrot. (= kasuku.) ebu!* see 2 hebu! ee! inter], oh! -walla, certainly, all *dunga bore, pierce (usually the ears, for duriani* \_Mal.~] (-) fruit of the breadfruit right. eda* (-, ma-) eda (ritual seclusion of a ornaments); (fig.) administer a hypo- tree. Cf. mduriani. woman after the death of her husband or eewaa*. dermic injection. Cf. kidungadunga. eewala ,-„ terj. see ewaa. after divorce). duru* 1. surround, encircle; go around. efendi* (-) ^dunga (ma-) dunga (covered basket). fig. akili zimemduru. He has lost his see afendi. edaha* (_) edaha (a sacrifice). mind. 2. {— ) turn, revolution, rotation; efya caus. epa. (green) cashew apple. (fig-) drinking by turn. coll. sasa ni — of dunge (ma-) See edashara*. hedashara (-) arch, eleven. also bibo, mbibo. yangu. Now it is my turn (to drink). Cf. -a — . eleventh. egama, chegama, duara. egema, chegema lean on, rest on, be dungu (ma-) hut or shelter for a watchman supported; approach, prov. Edeni* see Aden. mwega haanguki guarding crops against birds; durubini* (-) see darubini. ela mwega kugwa. Who -

egema 82 ;leka elekanya 83

break (down), destroy, knock supports himself does not fall, unless ekua, wekua elekanya ass. -caus. elea. of eleza caus. of elea. his support falls, appl. egamia, egemea. to pieces, intr. ekuka.

intr. egamika, egameka. caus. egesha, elekea, lekea 1. point to, be directed elezo (ma-) (usually maelezo) explanation, egamiza, egamesha, egameza. ekuka intr. of ekua. egamisha, toward, nyumba yangu inaelekea kusini. description, commentary. Cf. elea, support, prop up; establish, confirm. My house faces south. 2. appear, seem. mwelezo. -ass. egeshana. bring together, ekundu adj. red (all shades from yellow- caus. inaelekea kuwa atakuja. It seems that he red-brown). — kidogo. reddish. connect. Cf. egesha, egemeo, mche- red to will come. 3. realize, understand, sasa elfeen* (-) arch, two thousand. gamo, mwegamo. wanaanza kuelekea. Now they are be- ekwata* LEngl.l (-) see ikweta. ginning to understand. Cf. elea (intr.- elfu*, elafu, alfu, alaf, alafu (ma-) thousand. egema see egama. appl.), elekevu, kielekezo, maelekeo, red. elfu elfu. great number. mwelekeo, uelekeo, uelekevu, uelekezo. egemeo (ma-) 1. prop, support; railing, eliki*, elki, iliki, hiliki Dnd.l (-) carda- elafu* see elfu. banister. 2. fig. support, assistance. -elekeana, -a kuelekeana adj. opposite, mom (E lettaria cardamomum). Cf. egama. mistari inayoelekeana. opposite lines/ elea 1. be on the surface, float, swim. sides. Cf. elea. elimika* be well informed/educated. Fish swim. 2. be Cf. egesha bring up close, bring into contact samaki wanaelea. fig. elimu. clear/plain/evident, maneno yako with; secure, moor, meli imeegesha. elekevu, lekevu, ekevu adj. clear, sensi- yamenielea. Your words are clear/ The ship is moored (at the wharf), appl. ble, reasonable, intelligent, understand- elimisha*, elemisha impart knowledge, obvious to me. caus. eleza. 1. cause egeshea. ass. egeshana. Cf. egama. ing; (fig') enlightened, open-minded. teach, instruct, train, drill, appl. eli- to float. 2. make clear, explain, caus.- caus. -ass. Cf. elekea, uelekevu. mishia. teach something to someone. appl. elezea, appl.-caus. eleleza. pass, elimishwa. Cf. elimu. imitate, copy. intr. -appl. elekea. point ehee! enhee! inter], expressing agreement elekeza intr.-appl.-caus. of elea. to, be directed toward; incline toward, or approval: yes. elimu*, ilmu, ilimu (— ) knowledge, educa- tend to. intr.-appl.-ass. elekeana. be elektrisiti* {.Engl.1 (-) electricity. tion, science. — ya hesabu. arithmetic, face to face, confront each other, be = ehsani* (-) see hisani. ( umeme.) mathematics. — ya afya. hygiene. — ya opposite; agree, correspond, intr. -ass. roho {or nafsi). psychology. — ya ukulima. caus. elekeanisha. intr.-appl.-caus. ehuka be a lunatic, be seized with mad- eleleza appl.-caus. of elea. agricultural science. Cf. elimika, eli- elekeza. show, show the way; order, ness. mwehu. Cf. misha, maalum, mwalimu, taalamu, steer a ship. direct, elekeza chombo. elemea see lemea. taalimu, mtaalamu, utaalamu, uwalimu. intr.-appl.-caus. -ass. elekezana. reach eidi* (-) see idi. agreement, ass. -caus. elekanya. put an elementi* LEngl.J (-) chem. element. Eljuma* see Ijumaa. one object on top of another, pile up. eka* [EngZ.3 (-) acre. See also elekea, elewa, and cf. ^chelezo elemisha* see elimisha. elki* (-) see eliki. elekevu, elezo, kieleaji, kielekezo, kielezo, ekevu see elekevu. maelekeo, maelezi, maelezo, mwelewa, elewa (pass, of elea, used actively) mwelezaji, mwelezo, ueleano, uelekeo, ema adj. good (in gen.), chakula intr.-appl.-caus. elea. chema. ekeza rare of understand, sielewi maana. I don't uelekevu, uelekezo, uelezaji. good food, moyo mwema. a good heart. understand, simuelewi kamwe. I don't upepo mwema. pleasant breeze. eksidenti* {.Engl.1 (-) see aksidenti. understand him. naelewa Cf. hip/back). kwamba eleka carry (a child on one's a, vema, wema. hatafika tena. I understand that he will Cf. mbeleko, mweleko. not come again. Cf. mwelewa. «a (-) dial, weir-basket, fishing-net. embamba 84 85 epa

enenzi yake. Pay no (ma-) (usually maenenzi) embamba adj. 1. thin, narrow; slender, usimwendekeze maneno gait, speech to form adjectives. — gi za . dark. pace, maenenzi attention to his words, caus. endesha, ya pole pole (haraka). - maji. slim, bonde jembamba. a narrow valley. moist, watery. - wa tu wengi. slow (rapid) set in motion, start; steer, con- gait. Cf. enda. thickly mtu mwembamba. a slim/slender person. enza. populated. - kutawala. govern- duct, lead (a meeting); manage, operate ing, ruling. 2. fig. fine, delicate, nafaka nye- Cf. kienyeji, kimwenye, eneo, cheneo, kieneo (ma-) 1. mbamba. fine grain, nguo nyembamba. (a business); carry out (a plan). expansion, mwenye, mwenyeji. area, range, extent; (fig.) sphere fine material, gauze. endesha (rare enza) gari (motakaa). of in- fluence, zone. drive a wagon (an automobile), endesha - la nchi hii. the extent :nyewe adj. -self (emphasizing identity). of this country. eropleni. pilot an airplane. Cf. endapo, - la kushilia kwa embe* \_lnd. ] (-) mango (fruit). Cf. mtu mwenyewe. the man himself, mimi majeshi. military endeleo, enenzi, huenda, kiendeleo, occupation zone. mwembe. mwenyewe. I myself, my very self. 2.: -a eneo. kujiendesha, mwenda, mwendeleo, adj. square (as a measure sehemu inayojitawala wenyewe. autono- of arpn). inotii •»„ „ t mweiiucsiioji, __ „„„„ inn., iuui oijuare ) see embwe. mwendeiezi, mwendesha, emboe (— mous region (i.e., self-governing, which inches. Cf. enea. mwendo, mwenenzi, mwenzi, uendelezo, governs itself). embwe, emboe (-) resin, gum (of the uendeshaji, wenzo. eneza caus. of enea. baobab). *enyi see -enye. endapo conj. in case, in the event that... enezi (ma-) extension, Cf. enda. distribution. Cf. enchini* (-) see injini. 2 enyi! enea. interj. ( < ee ninyi) exclamation

referring to 2nd pers. pi. Hey, double appl. enda. you there! enda 1. go (in gen.), move, progress. - endelea of ienga split, kwa miguu. go on foot. — kwa motokaa. slit, cut up (e.g., manioc). enza, enenza, endelezo (ma-, us. pi.) 1. (act of) eza measure, survey; go by automobile, drive. — kwa farasi. endeleo, increase, compare. go into a advancing, proceeding. 2. 2 enga ride (a horse). — nyumbani. spoil, pamper, red. (int.) engaenga. expansion, development. house. — mbio. run, gallop, tikiti ya growth, overwhelm someone with affection. 9 improvement, enhancement, progress. enza caus. kwenda na kurudi. round-trip ticket. 3. of enda. enda. 3. do, act. — 4. rare success. Cf. 2. go forward, proceed. engua remove foam/cream. — siagi katika enzi*. yawn, in aenzi, ezi 1. (-) power; rule, chafya. sneeze. — miayo. maziwa. separate the cream from the endeleza double appl.-caus. of enda. dominion, sovereignty, con], w. poss. pron.: naenda (njia) milk. kiti cha -. throne, katika - ya... zangu. I go my own way. imp. sing. during the reign caus. of enda. of... 2. invest with nenda, enenda; pZ. nendeni. nendeni endesha enhee! see ehee! power; install, inaugurate (as zenu. Go about your business. oppZ. ruler); exalt, glorify. enea spread, expand; become known, caus. endea. go for/with, endea kuni. go to enjili* (-) see injili. eneza. spread, expand (something); make epa turn aside, get collect firewood, appl.-refl. jiendea. out of the way; go pleasure. known; compare, eneza habari. spread round, make a detour; go by oneself, take a walk for enjine* (-) rare see injini. deviate, diverge; news, advertise, caus. -ass. enezana. reflect; avoid, evade; double appl. endelea. go forward, move (fig. J ma ke ex- habari Cf. eneo, enezi, chenezo, maenezo, cuses, wriggle out of something; ahead; make progress; continue, -enu poss. pron. 2nd pers. pi. your. shirk continued. mwenea, mweneza, mwenezi. (something), make oneself scarce, inaendelea. The story will be nyumba yenu. your house, nyumba zenu. caus. epesha, efya. inv. epua. double appl.-caus. endeleza. develop; your houses. put out of the enenda imper. see enda. way, clear away, spell (words), intr. endeka. njia remove, epua chungu impassable. motoni. take a pot off the haiendeki. The street is -enye, -enyi possessing, having, contain- fire, inv.-intr. see *enza. epuka. fit, adapt, adjust; enenza same senses as epa. inv. -ass. intu-caus. endekeza. ing, used in conj. w. other parts of epukana. pass by each pay attention; spoil (a child). other, avoid epesi 86 ezeko faeia

each other; be at variance, disagree. esi* (— ) rare see hesi. 'A* (-) ezua uncover; remove roofing (grass, inv.-caus. epusha. keep at a distance, straw). Cf. ezeka.

reject, nimeepushwa. I am kept from espesheli* LEngl.J adv. especially. (doing something), -siyoepukika. un-

avoidable, inevitable. *eti conj. as if. epesi adj. 1. light (in weight), kiatu ^eti! see ati! chepesi. slipper. 2. quick, fast, swift;

(fig) energetic; hasty, impatient. 3. un- -etu poss. pron. 1st pers. pi. our. kitabu important, of no consequence, not chetu. our book, vitabu vyetu. our books. fa 1. die, perish. — njaa (baridi). die of fadhaika* be confused/terrified, caus. serious. hunger (cold), be very hungry (cold). fadhaisha. Cf. fadhaa. — kucheka. die laughing, split one's eua 1. cleanse, purify, fig., re I. purify by eproni* LEngl.J (— ) apron. prayer or magic. 2. med. disinfect, appl. sides. — maji. drown. 2. lose fadhili* 1. show kindness/favor; lay under

eulia. strength, suffer loss of..., come to an an obligation, put in one's debt. appl. epua inv. of epa. end. — macho, become blind, lose one's fadh ilia. intr. fadhilika. be well-disposed,

eupe adj. 1. white, light (in color); light eyesight, saa imekufa. The clock has show good will. 2. (— ) kindness, favor, epa. epuka inv.-intr. of stopped, amiability; preference, privilege; grati- bright, transparent, clean, clear. 2. fig. desturi hizi zimekufa. These — open, free, nchi nyeupe. open land (with- practices are no longer observed, appl. tude, prov. ya punda (ni) mashuzi epusha inv.-caus. of epa. donkey's gratitude is out trees), moyo mvveupe. an open/ fia. amefia wapi? Where did he die? The stench. Cf. honest character. double appl. filia. pass. fiwa. amefiwa afadhali, mfadhili, tafadhali, ufadhili. adj. clever, shrewd, talented, erevu na mtotowake. His child has died. capable, ingenious; crafty, sly. Cf. eusi, ausi adj. 1. black, dark (in color). caus. fisha. refl.-caus. jif isha. commit fafanisha contrast, compare; explain. Cf. erevuka, mwerevu, werevu. 2,.„ li suicide. fu, kifa, kifu, fafanua. 2. fig. dark, gloomy. Cf. kifo, ma fa, mafu, mfisha, mfiwa, mfu, ufu. erevuka be shrewd, intelligent, enlightened. fafanua recognize, understand, see evvaa*, eewaa, eewala interj. of assent or clearly. caus. erevusha. make wise, open approval: yes, faa be good, be of use; fit, suit, be appl. fafanulia. make clear to someone. someone's eyes, enlighten. Cf. erevu. suitable/appropriate; be sufficient/ caus. fafanusha. explain, make clear.

intr. fafanuka. be recognizable, clear, ewe! interj. ( < ee wewe) Hey there! adequate; help, haifai. It is useless/ erevusha caus. of erevuka. unsuitable /inappropriate /improper. plain. Cf. fafanusi, mfafanusi, ufafa-

ewedeka see weweseka. appl. falia. ass. faana. be useful to/ nuzi; also fafanisha. eria* LEngl.J (-) area. help each other. Cf. fana, fanana, eza see *enza. fanya, kifaa, kifano, mafaa, mfano, fafanusha caus. of fafanua. LEngl.J (-) elec. aerial, erieli* mfanya, mfanyaji, mfanyizaji, antenna. ezeka 1. cover. — nyumba. cover a roof ufananaji, ufanyaji. fafanusi (— ) theory. Cf. fafanua.

(with grass, straw). 2. fig. beat, thrash. endesha eropleni* {.Engl. J (-) airplane, fagia sweep, brush, remove (dirt), appl. Cf. ezeko, ezua, mwezekaji, mwezeko. fadhaa*, fazaa, fatha ( — ) difficulty, an airplane, njia ya —. air- — . pilot excitement, confusion, shikwa na fagilia. caus. (int.) fagiza. pass. line. fagiwa. Cf. fagio, mfagiaji, mfagio, ezeko (ma-) 1. (act of) covering a roof, (patwa na) — . be involved in diffi-

9 thatching. 2. material for roof covering. culties, be thrown into confusion. Cf. ufagio. esha* (-) see isha. Cf. ezeka. fadhaika. . .

Falada 89 faki

Falada*, Faladi sing., arch. Mombasa. fania see fanya. fagio (ma-), kifagio (vi-) broom, brush. fahuvva* see fauwa.

Cf. fagia. falaki* (— ) astronomy, astrology, piga — fanicha* {.Engl. ] (-) furniture. faida*, fayida (— ) gain, earnings, profit; prophesy, tell fortunes; cast a horo- fagiza caus. (int.) of fagia. (coll.) interest (on a loan), mkopo bila scope. fanidi* choose, select (by comparing). ya — . interest-free loan. — ghafi. gross

profits. — safi. net profits. — ya hesa. fahali* (— , ma-) 1. bull. prov. mafahali falani* (— ) see fulani. fanikia* succeed in something, attain (a wawili hawakai zizi moja. Two bulls dividend. Cf. faidi. goal), pass, fanikiwa. be successful. cannot live in the same herd (farmyard). fali* ( — ) omen, augury; fate, chance. Cf. fanaka, fanikio, mafanikio, bear ufanikivu. 2. adj., fig. manly, brave, strong. faidi* profit/benefit from something; interest; prosper, thrive, appl. faidia. f_l ;.!* i \ laiinr 1 •. • I 1 1 1 > \ '»"" \ — ) icmiurcu a game; Lag;, fanikio" (ma-) success. Cf. fanaka, fahamivu*, fahamifu adj. 1. intelligent, biashara imemfaidia. He made a profit fanikia. quick, acute. 2. understood, implied, on the business. Cf. faida. falka*, faluka (— ) naut. hold (of a ship). sharti — . implied condition.. Cf. fahamu. fanikiwa* see fanikia. faili* {.Engl. J (ma-) file (of papers). falme pi. of ufalme. fahamu* 1. know, be acquainted with, fanusi* (— ) lantern, lamp; headlight,

! LEngl.J {—) sport final (round understand, fahamu Pay attention! fainali* (~ falsafa* (— ) rare philosophy. liekima.) searchlight. kutofahamu. misunderstand, appl. or match).

fahamia. intr. fahamika. be understood/ faluda* (— ) porridge made of corn (maize). fanya, fania make, do, perform, produce. understandable; remember, caus. faha- faini* LEngl. J (-) fine, penalty, toza — — shainba. prepare a field (for planting). a fine, lipa — . pay a fine. misha. inform, remind. 2. (— ) (also charge/exact faluka* (— ) see falka. — amani. make peace. — biashara. carry ufahami sing.) understanding, intelli- on trade. — dawa. give medical treat- gence; consciousness; memory, recol- faiti*, fawiti hinder, check; delay, detain; fana prosper, succeed, ass. fanana, q.v. ment. — kazi. work. — kelele. be noisy. someone waiting, intr. faitika. be lection, potea — . lose consciousness. keep caus. fanya, q.v. Cf. faa. — mali. accumulate wealth, prevented going some- make a profit. Cf. fahamivu, ufahamikiano, ufahamivu. delayed, be (from — matata. cause trouble. — shauri. ad- where). fanaka* (— ) prosperity, success, benefit. vise, negotiate, discuss. — serikali. faharasa*, fahirisi (-) list, index, catalog, Cf. fanikia, fanikio. form a government, appl. fanyia. appl.- (= table of contents. faja* (— ) rare stable. ^zizi.) refl. jifanyia. do something without

fanana be similar, resemble, caus. purpose/unsystematically. intr. fanyika. fahari*, fakhari 1 boast, brag, show off, fajaa* adv., rare suddenly, unexpectedly, fananisha. compare, contrast. Cf. faa, be done, take place; be feasible, practi- plume oneself. appZ. faharia. caus. fana. cable, caus. fanyiza, fanza. repair, put faharisha, fahari. reft, jifaharisha. fakaika*, fakefu adv., rare much more, in order; complete, perfect, ass. fanyana. boast, pride oneself. 2. (-) dignity, much less; not to speak of. Cf. fauka. faneli*, fanel \_Engl. J ( — ) rare funnel act together/jointly, cooperate, refl. glory, magnificence, pomp, ostentation, (of a ship), chimney. jifanya. pretend, pose, feign, pass. pride, arrogance, fanya — . give one- fakefu* fakaika. fanywa. Cf. fa, fana. self airs, be haughty/arrogant. 3. adj. fanguru* L?J (— ) clamp, vise. proud, kwa — . splendid, magnificent; fakhari* fahari. fanza caus. of fanya. pompous, ostentatious. fani* adj. worthy, valuable; favorable, fakiri*, fukara 1. (-) beggar, poor person. successful. fara*, farafara, furifuri adj. /adv. brimful. fahi i* (— ) see faharasa. 2. adj. poor. Cf. fukarika, ufukara. jaa — . be full to the brim. Cf. fori, fura. . )

90 farad hi faris faritha 91 fedeha

faradhi*, faridha ) (— 1. immutability. ^faranga* tPort. J (ma-) {also dimin. faritha* rare pay (for). exposition, interpretation; translation. 2. obligation, — necessity, kula ni ya kifaranga, vi-) young bird, nestling, Cf. mfasiri, tafsiri. kila mtu. Every human being must eat. = chick. ( kinda, mtoto.) faru ( — ) [augment, of kifaru) 1. (large)

rhinoceros. 2. fig., mil. tank, armored fata see fyata. farafara* see fara. car. farangi* (— ) med., rare syphilis. = ( kaswende.) fataki* ( — ) 1. mil. percussion cap. faragha* (rare feraga) 1. {— ) seclusion, faruma*, foroma \_P ort. J (— ) form /last foi 2. fireworks. 3. elec. fuse.

privacy; secrecy, secret, nilisema naye Faransa* 1. adj. French. 2. sing. blocking caps (after washing).

kwa — . I have spoken with him privately. = ) ( Ufaransa). Cf. Mfaransa, Kifaransa. fatha* ( — see fadhaa.

coll. — . He has gone to the amekwenda farumi*, farumu, furumi ( — ) naut. ballast.

1 toilet. 2. adv. personally, privately, ' farasi* (— ) 1. horse, enda kwa ~. ride. Cf. iurumiza. fathah' adv. exceiientiy. secretly. panda —. mount a horse, shuka juu ya = — . dismount. 2. frame, framework, farumu* (— ) see farumi. fatiha* (— ) 'Opener' first sura of the faragua* boast, brag. support. — ya baisikeli. frame of a Koran.

bicycle. 3. knight (chess). Cf. ki- fasaha*, fasihi adj. pure, correct (style); faraja* (— ) rest, comfort, consolation, farasi. faultless, lucid, lugha yake — sana. fatiisha* be curious, inquisitive; search,

relief, support, pata — . get relief/rest. His language is very correct. Cf. spy on. Cf. tafiti, tafuta.

— . is dead. coll. amepatikana na He farasila* (— ) see frasila. ufasaha. Cf. fariji, mfariji. fauka*, foko: — ya. rare more than. Cf.

faridha* (— ) see faradhi. faseha* (— ) rare cleanliness, purity. fakaika. faraji* see fariji. Cf. fasaha.

fariji*, faraji comfort, console, relieve, faulu* 1. succeed, be successful, reach

) naut. rudder- one's goal, bila kufaulu. unsuccess- Ifaraka* (— ) wool-comb, weaver's comb. help. appl. farijia. intr. farijika. Cf. fashini* iPers. ?J (— block. fully. 2. naut. get past, get round (a Cf. fariki. faraja. point, etc.), weather (a storm). 3. (— = fariki*, faraka rare separate from, be fasihi* see fasaha. success ( ufaulu). "faraka* (— ) division, sect. Cf. fariki. divorced from. fig. — dunia. die. appl.

farikia. caus. farikisha. ass. farakana, fasiki* (— ) immoral/dissolute person. fauwa!*, fahuwa ! interj., rare good! all ifaraka* see fariki. farikiana. be separated from each other. Cf. ufasiki. right! it doesn't matter. 1 2 Cf. faraka, faraka, farakano, mfariki, farakana* ass. of fariki. mfaruku. fawiti* see faiti. Masili* (— ) 1. shoot, sprout. 2. fig. off-

spring, descendant, hana asili wala — farakano* (ma-) 1. separation, division, fayida* (— ) see faida. farikiana* ass. of fariki. He has no family connections. split, faction, sect. — la dini. reli-

gious sect. — la chama. splitting up of Farisayo* (ma-) Bibl. Pharisee. fazaa* ( — ) see fadhaa. a party. 2. segregation. Cf. fariki. ^fasili* cut, tailor (clothes).

farisi* adj. experienced, skilful, expert, Februari* LEngLJ (—) February. fasiri* 1. explain, interpret; translate Maranga* (ma-) franc (unit of currency). capable. Cf. ufarisi. (languages), appl. fasiria. caus. fedeha* (— ) see fedheha. fasirisha. 2. (— ) explanation, feuli 93 fedha 92 fetv

feuli* (— ) naut. (ship's) hold. insolent, shameless; rude, unmannerly, fedha* (— ) silver; money, currency, coin. feleti* free, discharge, absolve, release boorish; provoking, defiant. Cf. -a — . (made of) silver. — taslimu (from an obligation or promise).

(mkononi tayari). ready money, cash, fezuli* (ma-) see fidhuli. fidhulika, mfidhuli, ufidhuli.

mambo ya — . financial matters. — za *feli* LEngl.J rare fail, be unsuccessful. fezulika* see fidhulika. mkopo. loan, credit, waziri wa (mambo ^fidhulika*, fedhulika, fezulika. boast, alifeli mtihani wake. He failed the ex-

ya) — . minister of finance, prov. — talk big; be arrogant. fidhuli. amination. Cf. anguka (sub angua). Cf. fedheha. Money does not make happi- fi* prep, in, on, with, by.

ness. 2 ^feli* 1. surprise, catch, discover, detect, fidhulika* see fidhuli 2. Ifia (— ) fia (kind of snake). alimfeli mumewa na bibi mwingine. She fedhaluka*, fethaluka (— ) 1. min. carne- caught her husband with another woman. fidi* redeem, ransom; pay a ransom, put up iian. 2. marijani ya — . red coral. ^fia appl. of fa. alimfeli alipokuwa anaoga. He surprised bail, post bond. appl. fidia. fidia mtu. to ransom someone, pass, fidiwa. him while he was bathing. 2. (— ) mis- Cf. fedheha*, fedeha (— ) shame, disgrace, fianda see fyanda. deed, mishap. fidia, ufidio. insult, scandal. Cf. fedhehi.

fiata fyata. fidia* (— (also kifidio, vi-) 1. ransom fenesi*, finesi Llnd.J (ma-) 1. ; ) , fedhehi* put someone to shame, disgrace, fine, reparation; bail, 2. durian, breadfruit. Cf. mfenesi. bond. rel. re- dishonor. Cf. fedheha. ficha (dial, fita) hide, conceal; put 2. proper name (fern.) (chiefly in demption. Cf. fidi. Mombasa). aside; keep secret, refl. jificha. fedhuli* (ma-) see fidhuli. conceal oneself, hide, jificha mvua. fidia* lEngl.l (-) fiddle, violin. seek shelter from the rain. stat. feraga (— ) rare see faragha. fedhulika* see fidhulika. hidden/concealed, inv. fichama. be fido (— ) wand, sapling, switch. fichua. 1. uncover, reveal, take out. ferdausi* LPers.J (— ) rel. paradise. fefe ) fefe (variety of perennial grass, (— 2. pay someone for something. Cf. fidua, fudua 1. uncover, take out, turn often used for thatching roofs). ficho, fichuo, kifichoficho, maficho, inside out. 2. expose the glans (of the ferefere (— ) see felefele. mfichaji. penis); wash after circumcision. feguli* (ma-) see fidhuli. fereji*, feleji (ma-) channel, canal; ditch, ficho (ma-) (us. maficho or kificho, vi-) fieka see fyeka. sewer; pipe. Cf. mfereji. feka* see fyeka. concealment, screen, hiding-place, kaa

mafichoni. remain in hiding. Cf. ficha. (ma-) see feruzi* (— ) 1. . 2. masc. pr. n. fieko fyeko. felefele, ferefere (— ) felefele (inferior

kind of millet). fichua inv. ficha. fesheni* LEngl.A (—) fashion, style; of fifia disappear, die away; wilt, wither;

(modern) manners, way of life, hii ni — fade (of colors), appl. fifilia. pass, fi- felegi* (-) see feleji. fichuo (ma-) 1. discovery, revelation. ya sasa. This is the latest fashion. fiwa. caus. fifisha, fifiliza. cause to 2. present given by bridegroom to disappear; (fig.) pretend not to hear or bride. ficha. ifeleji*. felegi iPers.l (-) steel (of feta* see fetwa. Cf. understand, feign forgetfulness. Cf. good quality). ufifi. fidhuli*, fedhuli, fezuli, feguli, fudhali. fetwa*, feta 1. pass judgment, make a legal impudent/insolent person. (legal) 1. (ma-) figa (ma-) (usually mafiga) cooking-stone 2feleji* (ma-) see fereji. decision. 2. {— ) decision, judg- 2. {also fidhulika) adj. impudent, ment, verdict. (one of three, supporting a pot), prov. J

94 figili filosofia fimb 95

— mafiga mawili hayaivishi chungu. You deep in thought, kwa (katika) yake. fimbi ( — ) ornith. crowned hornbill. finyo (ma-) (usually mafinyo) 1. fold, = can't cook with only two cooking-stones. in his opinion. ( kwembe.) wrinkle, mafinyo ya uso. wrinkles on

the face. 2. narrowness, coll. njia ya

, of) radish. tafakari) think, reflect, con- fimbo figili* (— ma-) (kind Cf. fikiri* (also (— ) stick, cane, piga — . beat some- — . narrow street, Cf. finya. mfigili. sider; meditate, ponder; examine, appl. one with a stick.

fikiria. fio (— ) arch, rein(s). figo (ma-) anat. kidney. (- buki, nso.) finesi* (ma-) see fenesi.

fikra* (— ) see fikira. fioa see fyoa.

? "finga figu* L J ( — ) quarrel, dispute. protect by magic (field, house),

filam* (— ) see film. caus. fingiza. prevent, forbid. Cf. fira ( — ) cobra. figuta rare work a bellows. Cf. vukuta. lingo.

filifili* (— ) angle iron, carpenter's square. ^fira* practice sodomy/pederasty. Cf. figuto (ma-) rare heat, sweat. Cf. fukuto. finginyika (also vinginyika, vivinyuka) mfiraji. writhe, wriggle; Ifilimbi (— ) ornith. hornbill. coil, twist, wind. fihi*, fii (— ) discord, dispute, dissension, firaha*, firaka, firari (— ) anat. penis. difference of opinion. fingirika, vingirika turn, roll (along), turn ^filimbi, firimbi (ma-) (kind of) flute, somersaults, appl. fingirikia. caus. = whistle. firangi* (— ) rare, med. measles. ( surua.) fika arrive, get to..., reach. — mjini. fingirisha. turn/roll something.

arrive in a city, amesafiri kufika Tanga. fingirisha chuma cha pua. roll steel. filisi*, firisi 1. go bankrupt, declare bank- firari* (— ) see firaha. He traveled to Tanga. appl. fikia. Cf. ufingirishaji. ruptcy. 2. make the highest bid (at an reach someone, intr. fifika. be acces- auction). 3. win all the money (in gam- firashi* (— ) bedspread, quilt. sible; (fig.) be hospitable, caus. fiki- fingo (ma-) charm, spell (as a protection bling), appl. filisia. intr. filisika. sha. cause to reach, lead to, escort. against evil). Cf. finga. mwenye kufilisika. bankrupt (person). firidi* rare have a pleasant smell, be double appl. -caus. fikiliza, fikilisha. caus. filisisha. pass, filisiwa. be fragrant. cause to reach someone, send to, bring finika see funika. overcome/obsessed by a particular ass. fikana. appl.-ass. fikiana. upon. ulifisiliwa desire/ambition, moyo wake firigisi* (— ) crop, craw, gizzard (of birds). arrive/meet at the same place, double finya pinch, nip, tweak; press, squeeze. na tamaa kubwa ya kutumikia Mwenyezi appl.-ass. fikiliana. come to the same kiatu kinamfinya. His shoes are too Mungu. He was overcome by the desire firimbi (ma-) see filimbi. result/conclusion, agree. Cf. kifiko, tight, fig. — uso. scowl, red. (int. to serve God. Cf. mfilisi, mfilisika, kufika, mfiko. finyafinya. crumble, break into small muflisi, ufilisi. firisi* see filisi. pieces, ass. finyana. be drawn/pinched/

fikara* (-) see fikira. wrinkled (the face), dur. finyaa. film*, filmu, filam [Engl.] (-) film, fisadi* (ma-), mfisadi (wa-) corrupter, shrivel, become thin/emaciated, lose movie, tia — katika kamera. put film in seducer, immoral person, libertine. Cf. fikicha break into small pieces, crumble; weight. Cf. finyo, mfinyo. a camera, safisha — . develop a film. fisidi, ufisadi. rub. — macho, rub the eyes. intr. fiki-

chita. be friable/brittle. finyanga knead clay, make pottery, appl. filmu* (— ) see film. fisha caus. of fa. finyangia. caus. finyangiza. Cf. idea; fikira*, fikara, fikra (-) thought, mfinyanzi, ufinyanzi. fisi filosofia* [Engl.] (-) philosophy. (— ) (common) hyena. Cf. kifisifisi. sudden idea, theory, brainstorm; re- (= hekima, falsafa.) flection, yuko katika - zake. He is forota 97 fufua fisidi 96 forosadi

forota* snore. Cf. korota. koroma. fuasa caus. of fuata. fisidi* destroy, ruin, corrupt; (fig.) foka overflow, run over (of liquids), fig. seduce; violate, rape. Cf. fisadi, bubble over, gush (in speaking), appl. forsadi* (— ) see forosadi. fuata 1. follow, succeed, pursue; accompany; ufisadi. fokea. Cf. mfoko. obey, comply with. — sheria. obey the

foto* {.Engl. ] (-) photo(graph). law. 2. imitate, copy. — mfano. take as an fisifisi* (— ) see fusfus. foko* see fauka. example, caus. fuatisha, fuatiza, fuasa.

fotoa* \_Engl. J: — foto. take a photo- copy, trace, ass. fuatana. accompany fita see ficha. fola* (— ) a gift given by a person who holds (graph). one another, go together (in a crowd); be a baby for the first time (both to wish the a (natural) result of, ensue, namba zina- fitina*, fitna 1. {— ) discord, strife; infant good luck and to indicate that the fowadi*, foadi tEngl. J (ma-) sport for- zofuatana. numbers in sequence. Cf.

intrigue; rebellion, mutiny, revolt, fanya person holding the child has no ill-feel- /_..-/ ,.,„..j. i „»..,. _i. kifnas: ir.afsatar.c n-.f-jaoi n-.f-jatsr.c

(leta, tia) — . make trouble, cause dis- ings toward it). ufuasi, ufuataji, ufuatano. sension, agitate. 2. (ma-) mischief- frasila*, farasila (— ) unit of weight (about maker, agitator. Cf. fitini, ufitina. fomu* Y.Engl.1 (— ) form, pattern; (printed) 16 kg, 35 lb.) fuatano (ma-) see mafuatano. form, blank, questionnaire, jaza — . fill fitini* agitate; slander; cause trouble, do out a form/questionnaire. (--, fremu* LEngl.J (— ) frame (of a bicycle, fuawe ma-) anvil. Cf. fua. damage. oppZ. fitinia. appl.-ass. etc.). fitiniana. caus. fitinisha. Cf. fitina, fora* 1. defeat someone (in a game), win, fub aa see fuwaE mfitini, ufitina. be successful. 2. (— ) victory; (sport) fu adj. dead. Waislamu hawali nyamafu. goal, katika mashindano timu yetu Moslems do not eat the meat of dead fudhali* (ma-) see fidhuli. fitiri* (— ) see futari. imetia — . Our team won in the contest, animals. Cf. fa, kifu, mafu, mfu, ufu. piga — . win out, top the list. fudifudi, fulifuli, kifudifudi, kifulifuli adv. fitna* (— ) see fitina. the face, face 'fua 1. strike, beat, hammer. — chuma on down, upside down, fordha* (— ) see forodha. — . lie face down. (fedha). hammer iron (silver). — nazi. lala Cf. fudikiza. fito pi. of ufito. break open a coconut. — nguo. wash fori* adv. (also, rare fulifuli) abundantly, = fudikiza turn over, turn upside down/ ( pound) laundry, appl. fulia. caus. fiwa pass, fa. in great quantities. Cf. fara. of inside out, turn face downwards (e.g., fulisha. caus. & int. fuliza. fig. keep playing cards). fudifudi. on, continue doing something, pass. Cf. furdha (— ) customhouse. fiwi (— ) lima bean. Cf. mfiwi. forodha*, fordha, fuliwa, fuawa. 2. (—, ma-) washtub. loc. forodhani. ship's cargo, reloading fudua see fidua. Cf. fuawe, fuliza, fuo, kifuo, mfua, fizi pi. of ufizi. place. mfulizo, mfululizo, mfuo, ufuaji. fufua 1. wake up, revive, renew. — des- (-) see faruma. flana* (— ) see fulana. foroma* [.Port.l turi. revive ^fua (ma-) see mafua. (old) customs. — deni. ask for payment of a forgotten debt. yard, spar. flotile* (-) see furutile. foromali* (-) naut. 2. - mtu. rel. bring someone back from the 3fua (— , ma-) wooden bowl. dead. intr. fufuka (katika wafu). rise foadi* (ma-) see fowadi. foronya* {.Port. J (— ) pillowcase. from the dead, be resurrected/revived. fuama, fulama, furama lie prone, caus. & Cf. mfufuaji, ufufuko. int. fuamisha, fuamiza. put down flat. fofofo adv. completely, totally, abso- forosadi*, forsadi (-) mulberry. Cf.

lutely, kufa — . be dead as a doornail. mforsadi.

lala — . sleep very soundly. fufuli 98 fukus tnku2 99 fumbi

fufuliza see fuliza. fukarika* become impoverished, be ruined. fukuzano (ma-) {us. mafukuzano) expul- assemblies). Cf. fumukano, mfuma, Cf. fakiri. sion, banishment; persecution, molesta- mfumi, *mfumo, mfumua. fufurika rare boil over, overflow. tion. Cf. fukuza.

fukia dig in, fill up (with earth). — kaburi. ^fuma pierce, penetrate. Cf. fume, fumo. fufutende adj. lukewarm, tepid. fill in a grave, appl. fukilia. caus. ful* fuar

fukiza, fukisha. inv. fukua. dig out, dig fumania 1. surprise, appear unexpectedly, fuga keep in captivity; tame (animals up. — mizizi. dig up roots, fig. rummage fulana*, flana \_Engl.J (— ) 1. sweater, J; take by surprise, catch unawares. 2. Cf raise, breed (livestock). — ng'ombe through, ransack. Cf. "fuko, fukuo, cardigan. 2. undershirt, vest. discover someone in a wrongful act (mbuzi).- keep/raise cattle (goats). mfukuaji. 3. flannel. (e.g., adultery), intr. fumanika. caus. protect, intr. fugika. farasi huyu fig. fumaniza. fukizo, vnti^n (ma-) vapor, steam, hafugiki. This horse is not tameable. fumes, fulani* {rare, falani) 1. (— ) so-and-so,

Cf. fugo, mfuga, mfugo, ufugaji. smoke; something used for fumigation, what's-his-name. — amefika. «hiii.'B- fumba 1. bring together, close. — macho incense, etc. Cf. fuka. his-name has arrived. 2. adj. such and (kinywa). close the eyes (the mouth). fugo (ma-) breeding (of animals); breaking such, some or other, any, a given... 2. disguise, mystify, make a secret of. training; domestication. fuga. bidhaa — . such and such goods, namba in, Cf. fuko (ma-) 1. augment, of mfuko. 2. rare — maneno. speak mysteriously (in rid- womb. — . a given number. dles), refl. jifumba. be wrapped up in fuja confuse, bring into confusion, make a oneself, live in a world of one's own. mess of something; overturn, turn upside ^fulifuli see fudifudi. ^fuko (ma-) 1. hole, pit, ditch, trench, stat. fumbama. be in a state of confusion, down; waste, squander. Cf. fujo, excavation. 2. dam, embankment; mole, fumbama akili. lose one's senses, not be m fuja . pier. 3. zool. mole. Cf. fukia. fulifuli* adv., rare for in one's right mind. cont. fumbata. em-

brace, grasp, seize, clutch, inv. fumbua. fujo (— , ma-) disorder, confusion, unrest; fukombe (— ) see furukombe. fuliza, fululiza, fuuza, fuuliza, fufuliza open. coll. kufumba na kufumbua (macho), noise, tumult, fanya (tia) — . throw into {caus. & intr. of fua) do something un- in a moment, fig. reveal, disclose; ex- disorder, red. fujofujo. extreme dis- fukua inv. of fukia. interruptedly/continuously, mvua ime- plore, inv. -intr. fumbuka. reveal oneself, order, total confusion. Cf. fuja. fuliza siku tano. It rained continuously appear. Cf. fumbo, m fumba, mfumbua,

fukuo (ma-) cavity, excavation. Cf. fukia. for five days. ufumbuzi; also vumbua. Ifuka, vuka smoke, give off smoke/fumes/ stove vapor, jiko iinafuka moshi. The fukuta see vukuta. fuliza. fululiza see ^fumba ( — ) bag made of matting, mkeka wa is smoking, appl. fukia. caus. fukiza, — . 1. woven sleeping bag. 2. shroud. fukisha. smoke (something), fumigate, fukuto, vukuto (ma-) 1. vapor, exhalation, fulusi* (-) 1. fulusi (kind of fish). 2. coll. Cf. kifumba, kifumbu. burn incense. Cf. fukizo, fukuto, fusho, (smell of) perspiration. 2. heat, tem- money, cash. • kifukizo, kifuku, mfukuto, mvuke, ufu- perature. 3. stuffiness, closeness (of a fumba (ma-) heap, lump. kizo, ufukuto. room). Cf. fuka. fuma weave, knit, crochet, embroider;

plait, braid; sew together, inv. fumua. fukuza drive out, drive/chase away; reject, Mumbi (ma-) stream, brook; drain, gutter; 2fuka (— ) fuka (oatmeal porridge with loosen, untie, unravel, undo, unroll. ditch. — la (kupandia) mpunga. furrow for pepper and cardamom). expel, banish; discharge (from a job). fig. 1. release, fumua vita, start war. — katika nchi. expel/banish/exile from planting rice. 2. uncover, reveal, inv. -appl. fumulia. faki a country. Cf. fukuzano, mfukuzi. fuka (-) inv. -intr. fumuka. inv. -intr. -ass. fumu-

fumbi (— ) see ibi. kana. separate, scatter, disperse (after .

fumbo 100 fundo fundua 101 funguo

bundle of clothes. 3. fig. difficulty, birth, amejifungua mtoto wa kike. She *fumbo (ma-) 1. mystery; puzzle, riddle; 2funda learn, caus. fundisha, funza. complication, confusion. — la moyo. has given birth to a girl. Cf. fungasha, . 2. /veiled language, teach, instruct, educate, caus. -ass. bad humor, grudge. Cf. funda, fundika. fungo, kifunga, kifungo, kifungua, ki- hidden/obscure meaning; hint, allusion. funzana. teach each other, study to- funguo, mafungia, mafungulia, m funga, sema kwa — . use veiled language, speak gether, refl. (ku)jifundisha, jifunza. fundua untie, loosen. — chupa. open/un- mfungizo, mfungo, mfungua, mfunguo, in riddles (hints, allusions), mwandiko teach oneself, learn, study. Cf. fundi, cork a bottle, fig. overcome difficulties. mfungwa, ufunguaji, ufunguo. wa — . code, cipher. 3. dial.: jina la — funzo, kifundi, mafundisho, mfundis- Cf. funda, fundika. pseudonym. Cf. fumba. haji, mkufunzi, mwanafunzi, uanafunzi, ^funga pi. of ufunga. ufundi. *funga 1. tie (on, up). — (kwa) kamba. tie ^fumbo (ma-) fumbo (title of a chief). Cf. fungasa see fungasha. 3 with a cord or string. 2. fasten, secure; f„mn fnnJ a (ma-) mouthful, sv/allov/. - yz close, shut, lock. -» mlango. shut/lock maji. a mouthful of water, piga mafunda. fungasha, fungasa {caus. 4"unga) take a door. — barua. seal up a letter. — of fumbua inv. of fumba. to take large bites of food. choo. med. be constipated. — (piga) someone (something) in tow, pull along. breki. put on the brake. — maneno. = fume (ma-) person wounded (by a spear). ^funda rare tie in a knot. ( fundika.) clench the teeth. 3. imprison. — gere- fungate (— ) 1. arch, seven. 2. the first Cf. fuma. zani. put in jail. 4. conclude. — mapa- seven days after a wedding (when food fundarere (— ) fundarere (kind of snake). tano ya biashara. make a business deal, is supplied to the newly-weds by their

Mumi (— ) fumi (kind of fish). conclude a contract. 5. decide on. — relatives), honeymoon. powder. funde (ma-) something pounded; safari (vita), decide on/begin a journey 1 Cf. funda. * 2 fumi (-) see vumi. (war), make preparations, funga fungo (— ) Isl. period of fasting. Cf. vyake. pack one's bags, close out one's iunga.

fundi, funzi (— ) craftsman, skilled worker; fumo (ma-) 1. rare spear. 2. fumo (title of affairs. 6. sport win. 7. elec: — stimu.

expert, master (of something); instructor. turn off. 8. fast. refl. jifunga. 1. de- a chief). Cf. fuma, fumbo. Mfungo (— ) civet cat. yeye ni — kwa kucheza mpira. He is a vote oneself to, give special attention

master at football-playing. — cherehani. to. 2. become involved in a difficult fumua inv. of fuma. tailor. — wa cherehani. sewing-machine Mungu (ma-) 1. part, share; piece. — la situation, intr. fungika. be closeable. 9 repairman. Cf. funda. nyama. a piece of meat, gramm.: — la fumukano (ma-) (us. mafumukano) separa- ass. fungana. ass. -caus. funganya. pack maneno. sentence, liter.: verse. 2. hea get a stat. tion, dispersal, breaking up (of a meet- up, ready for trip. fungama. pile; quantity, group; (mil.) small unit, fundika tie a knot, draw tight, tie up. Cf. be tight/firm/dense, stat.-ass. funga- ing, etc.); spreading, diffusion. Cf. company; (sport) league. 3. naut. sand- funda, fundo, fundua, kifundo, mfundo. mana. be intertwined, be impenetrable fur bank, reef. Cf. kifungu. (forest), siasa ya fungamana. policy of 2 fundisha caus. of funda. alignment, inv. fungua. 1. untie, un- funa see vuna. fasten, loosen. 2. open, fungua mlango. ^fungu (ma-) bot. cockscomb (Celosia fundisho (ma-) see mafundisho. open a door. 3. open, start, inaugurate. Munda pound, pulverize (grain); break up, argentea and Celosia cristata). fungua mkutano. open/begin a meeting. crush (by pounding), red. fundafunda fundo (ma-) 1. knot; thickening, swelling. fungua kinywa. eat breakfast. 4. free, (w. int.-dur. force) pound thoroughly, fungua inv. of funga. — la uzi. knot in thread. — la mti. knot liberate, release (from prison), appl. keep on pounding. -< unga. to mix in wood (a tree). — la ua. bud. — la fungulia. caus. funguza. inv. -refl. ji- several kinds of meal or flour. Cf. funde. funguo pi. of ufunguo. mguu. ankle. 2. bundle. — la nguo. fungua. free oneself, be opened; give funika 102 furahi furahifu 103

furahifu* adj., rare happy, gay. funika, finika cover, close. — chungu. put Ifuo (ma-) 1. place for washing clothes. Cf. Murungu* (ma-) hot. shaddock, pomelo. furaha, furahi. a lid on a pot. — fumba. get into a sleep- 2. place where a dead body is washed. Cf. mfurungu. 1 ing bag. fig.: conceal, keep secret. — Cf. fua. furama see fuama. maneno. express oneself unclearly, re/7. ^furungu* LPers.j (ma-) anklet. jifunika. cover oneself, caus. funikisha, 2fuo (ma-) 1. foam, mafuo ya bahari. sea- furdha* (-) see forodha. funikiza. bave something covered, fig.: furusha scare away (birds); scatter, foam. 2. fig. scum, dregs. maji yameifunikisha nchi. The water has disperse (enemies). furifuri adj. /adv. see fara. flooded the land. Cf. funua, kifuniko, fupa (ma-) augment, of mfupa. mfuniko. furushi* (ma-) package, parcel, bundle. furika intr. of fura.

fupi adj. 1. short, low. mti mfupi. a low funiko (ma-) augment, of kifuniko. furutile*, flotile [Germ. Flotille?] (-) tree, watu wafupi. short/undersized furiko (ma-) see mafuriko. 1. shipyard, dockyard. 2. (— la people. 2. brief, terse, concise, maneno

funo (— ) funo (kind of antelope, common kiwanda). workshop. — la kure- mafupi. brief/terse words. Cf. fupika, furkani* (-) 1. Isl. Furkani (name duiker; cf. mindi). kibisha. assembly shop. kifupi, ufupi, ufupisho. applied to the Koran). 2. rare Bible.

funua 1. open, uncover. — mabawa. spread brief/abbreviated. 1. knock, hit, strike; beat until fupika be short/low, be fursa* (— ) 1. incident, accident. 2. con- the wings. — kitabu. open a book. 2. caus. fupisha, fupiza. make short, - venient time, favorable moment, oppor- soft. 2. fall upon, attack. Cf. fusi, expose, discover. — taksiri. fig.: reveal, fupi, fusia, ufusio. breviate, abridge, condense. Cf. tunity, toa — . give an opportunity. discover a crime, appl. funulia. dis- ufupisho. close/explain to someone, intr. funuka. furufuru (— ) confusion, disorder. fusa* release, let off air (from tires, be open; be obvious/plain. Cf. funika, fura 1. rise/swell up; effervesce. 2. fig. Cf. fura. etc.). funuo, kifunuo, mafunuo, ufunuo. become excited, be furious, rage. intr. inundate; boil furika. flow over, flood, furukobe ( — ) see furukombe. fusfus*, fusus, fisifisi (— ) incrustation. (— ) rumor, report. fununu* over. caus. furisha. cause a flood. Cf. ufurufuru. furufuru, mafuriko, furukombe, furukobe, fukombe (— ) sea fusha* ( — ) see busha. funuo (-) opening. Cf. funua. eagle. furaha* (-) joy, pleasure, gaiety, delight, fusho (ma-) something burnt/producing funutu (-) see tunutu. enthusiasm, fanya(ona) — . be happy/ furukuta be in constant motion, turn, smoke (e.g., fumigant, charm). Cf.

. /enthusiasm. delighted, kwa — with joy twist, move back and forth restlessly, Ifuka. ifunza .(-) chigger; grub, maggot; cater- greet cordially. Cf. furahi, pokea kwa — . roll, toss, alikamata sawasawa hata pillar. (= tekenywa.) furahivu, mfurahivu, ufurahi. hakuweza kufurukuta. He was so Ifusi (ma-), kifusi (vi-) rubble, debris,

tightly bound that he could not move rubbish. Cf. fusa. glad/happy/pleased; enjoy one- ^funza caus. of funda. furahi* be a limb. self, have a good time. appl. furahia. "fusi* (ma-) rare see fuzi. furahika. caus. furahisha. please funzi (-) see fundi. intr. furumi* (— ) see farumi. someone. Cf. furaha, furahivu, mfura- lusia {appl. of fusa) lay the foundation/ teaching, doctrine; hivu, ufurahi. furumiza* rare throw away, Cf. farumi. funzo (ma-; us. pi.) bed (of a house or street). instruction, training, mafunzo ya kias- o kari. military training. Cf. funda. 104 fyanda 105 fyata gadi

fusus* (-) see fusfus. Ifuturi* (— ) span (unit of measure, fyata, fiata, fata press, squeeze 22.5 cm.). (between fyekua see fyeka. the legs). fig. : be discreet in fususi* (— ) precious stone, gem. one's speech, have one's tongue under con- fyeruka become irritated/angry. ^futuri* (— ) hemorrhoids. trol, inv. fyatua. loosen one's grip, *futa 1. wipe (off), clean (up). — lea- release, fyatua mota. start an fyoa, fioa engine. 1. cut (only of grain). 2. fig. rn asi. wipe the nose. 2. fig.: clear futuru* eat the first meal after fasting. fyatua mtego. release a trap, fyatua be subtle, ingenious, keen. 3. use off, remove, abolish, cancel; steal Cf. futari. mkiki (shuti). sport score a goal, abusive/insolent language, caus. from, intr, futika. be wiped away; fyatua bunduki. release the trigger, fyoza. treat with contempt, deride. (fig.) be erased/eradicated (from one's futusha* rare save, rescue, come to the discharge a gun. inv.-appl. fyatulia. Cf. fyozi, mfyozaji, ufyozi. memory). mfuto. Cf. aid of. Cf. futahi. caus. fyatusha. Cf. fyatuko, fyusa, mfyuso. fyonda see fyonza. ^futa (ma-) see mafuta. Ifuu, fuvu (ma-) 1. (empty) shell. — la

yai. eggshell. 2. (— la kichwa) fyatua inv. of fyata. fyonya, sonya make a hissing sound (as cranium, skull. 3. cuttlefish bone. ^futa (— ) futa (variety of large snake). a sign of contempt.) Cf. msono. Cf. kifuu, ufuu. fyatuko (ma-), mfyatuko (mi-) (act of) releasing, futahi* 1. sing, good luck. 2. v. have opening. Cf. fyata. fyonza, fyonda suck. Cf. mfyonza.

a lucky escape, caus. futusha. save, 2fuu (— ) kind of small berry. Cf. mfufu. fyeka, rescue. fieka, feka, fyekua clear (land), fyozi adj., dial, derisive, scornful, con-

fuuliza see fuliza. reclaim, make arable; (fig.) clear away, temptuous. Cf. fyoa. eliminate. futari*, fitiri (— ) evening meal after a — mwitu. clear a forest. appl. fyekea. day's fasting. Cf. futuru. fuuza see fuliza. caus. fyekesha. Cf. fyusa set a trap (for animals). Cf. fyata, fyeko, mafyeko, mfyeka. mfyuso.

fuvu (ma-) see fuu. Muti* [.Engl. J (— ) foot (unit of mea- fyeko, fieko (ma-; fyuzi* surement, 30 cm.). us. pi.) clearing, rec- [Engl.l (-) elec. fus fubaa be retarded (in growth), be fuwaa, lamation (of land). Cf. fyeka. stunted/shrivelled. ^futi (ma-) knee. (- goti.)

fuya rare spoil, ruin; waste, squander futika tuck into (the waistcloth, girdle, (money, property). Cf. fuja. etc.), put into the pocket. Cf. futua.

fuzi*, fusi (ma-) anat. shoulder, shoulder futua 1. take out (of the pocket, a bundle, blade. gaagaa, galagala, garagara 1. turn, toss, Igadi* (ma-) prop, support, stay, brace; etc.); undo, open up. 2. fig. be ex- roll. 2. fig. be idle, lazy; stretch one- pillar. Cf. gudi, gadimu. posed/revealed/brought to light, intr. fuzu* be successful, win (in gambling), self, Cf. mgaagaa. futuka. be revealed/exposed; stick pass (an examination). out (of the pocket, etc.); (fig.) be gadi* [Engl."] (ma-) 1. guard, watch; gabi (-) rare roller, pulley, block(-and- annoyed/angry, intr.-appl. futukia. protection. 2. watchman. fyanda, fianda crush, squash; hurt, in- tackle). (= kapi.) be angry with someone. Cf. futika. jure. } gadi* (-) lump of clay. gadimu 106 gana ganda 107 ganza

ganda 1. thicken, congeal, coagulate gandua inv. of Uganda. gadimu* support, prop up (with posts, galawa (— ) see ngalawa. (blood, milk); (fig.) freeze, be frozen, braces). Cf. gadi. maziwa ya gane (sleeping place for gale (ma-) see ugale. kuganda. curdled milk. gane (— ) un- gadiwana* VEngl.l (—) rare, mil. 2. stick fast, hold tight, clasp, stat. married boys or girls).

guard of honor. galili (ma-) armor, shell (tortoise, gandama. be congealed; be stuck to-

turtle, crab). gether; be sticky, gandama na, stick ganga bind up, splice; mend, repair; to something, bandage. — kidonda. bandage gae, gai (ma-) 1. potsherd, splinter (of stat.-appl. gandamia. (fig.)

) sail of a dhow. adhere, stick to; rely a wound, treat (medically), cure. inv. glass, pottery). 2, fig. nyumba ya galme*, kalme ( — small on something/ gangua. untie, remove (a bandage); vigae. a house roofed with tiles. mlingoti wa — . mast for this sail. someone; (fig.) be faithful/devoted. free from (a charm, taboo, etc.). Cf. kigae. stat.-caus. gandamiza. press heavily mi, tiu»ii, galoni"*, galani izngl.j \ — > gauon stac-ass. gandamana. mganga, mgango, uganga. gafi* see ghafi. (liquid measure, 4.54 I). harden, thicken; freeze (solid), inv. gandua. loosen, pull off, separate; es- gange (ma-) min. chalk stone, (soft) cape {from a danger), gandua stempu. gaga (ma-) crust, coating; (med.) scurf, Igamba (us. refl.: jigamba) boast, show limestone. off new pull off a stamp (from an envelope), scab; tartar (on the teeth). Cf. ki- off. - kwa nguo mpya. show inv.-appl. gandulia. inv.-intr. ga- gaga, ugaga. clothes, gango (ma-) 1. clamp, brace; hoop. nduka, gandulika. 3. (ma-) rind, husk, — la pipa. barrel-hoop. 2. med. shell, crust. — la mkata. bread crust. scale, shell, armor. — la gaga (— ) gaga (a spell cast on a house ^gamba (ma-) bandage, sling, splint. Cf. ganga. — la limau. lemon rind. — la yai. to keep wild animals away). kobe. tortoise-shell, magamba ya eggshell. Cf. gandalo, gando, scales, - la ki- samaki. fish fig.: 2 gangua inv. ganga. mganda, mgando, ugandamano, of tabu. cover/jacket of a book. gaga turn, roll, toss (from one side to ugandisho. amba, chamba. the other). Cf. gani interr. (invariable) what kind of?

sababu — ? for what reason? why? gandalo (ma-) leg-fetter (made of wood), gambia (-) rare dagger. (= jambia.) penetrate, push in(forcibly); wakati — ? at what time? when? gagamiza stocks. Cf. ganda. press/roll together. habari gani? What's the news? 1 gambusi, kambusi (-) gambusi (musical mahali — ? where? in what place? gandama stat. of ganda. similar to a banjo). gai (ma-) see gae. instrument ganja (ma-) see kiganja. gandamana stat. -ass. of Uganda. 2 gambusi (kind of Igaidi* LEngl.J (ma-) guide. gambusi, kambusi (-) ganjo (ma-) 1. abandoned village. fish). gandamia stat.-appl. of ganda. 2. fig. ruin, impoverishment. ^gaidi, mgaidi (ma-) 1. robber, thief. gamdra* (-) naut. hatch(way). gandamiza stat.-caus. of ganda. 2. mil. guerrilla. Cf. ugaidi. gano ( — ) rare sinew, tendon, nerve. (- kano, mkano.) gamti* \_Ind.~\ (-) gamti (inferior kind gala (ma-) gala (kind of wild cat). gando (ma-) claw, pincers (of a crab, unbleached cotton cloth). of etc.) Cf. ganda. ganza {red. ganzaganza) hesitate, galagala see gaagaa. falter, stammer, be clumsy, gan a* (-, ma-) see kana. fig. Mgando (ma-) see ganjo. awkward, caus. ganzisha. med. galani* (-) see galoni. give a local anesthetic. . .

108 ganzi gebali gefyagefya 109 geuzo

ganzi, chanzi (— ) numbness. — la meno. gauni* L Engl. J (ma-) (woman's) gown, gefyagefya see gofyagofya. gereza*, greza L Port. J (— ) fort, prison, numbness of the teeth (produced by an dress, vaa — la kisasa. wear modern tia (funga, peleka) gerezani. imprison. anesthetic), clothes. mguu wangu umekufa — gego, chego, cheyo (ma-) anat. molar toa (fungua, ondoa) gerezani. release My foot is asleep, fig. stupefaction, (tooth), wa na — . have a toothache. from prison, bawabu (mngojezi) wa —

narcosis, med. sindano ya — . local gavana* [.Engl. J (ma-) rare governor. (prison) guard. = anesthetic. ( balozi.) gelada* (— ) see jalada.

gesa rare turn (on a lathe). Cf. kereza. gawa divide, distribute, pass/hand out, gao (ma-) 1. palm (of the hand). geli (— ) geli (children's game similar — chakula. pass out/serve food. 2. handful. — moja la unga. a handful to tipcat). geshi* (— ) rare see jeshi. — karata. deal cards. — nusu kwa of flour. nusu. divide in equal pans, halve. geso (— ) rare latne. <_//. gesa. geli (— ) large knife. ass. gawana. ass.-caus. gawanya. gao (ma-) augment, of ngao. divide up, share, ass.-caus.-intr. geua rare change, avoid, appl. geulia. gema cut, slit, tap (the bark trees, to gawanyika. be divided up. Cf. gawio, of caus. geuza. change, alter; inter- garafuu* (— ) see karafuu. gawo, kigawanye, kigawanyo, mgao, obtain resin). — mpira (tembo). tap change, exchange; change position, mgawaji, mgawanya, mgawanyiko, rubber (palm-wine), prov.: mgema transform garagara see gaagaa, turn around; (fig., elec.) mgawanyo, ugawaji, ugawanyaji. akisifiwa tembo hulitia maji. If the (current), intr. geuka. be changeable/ palm-wine tapper is praised for his interchangeable, be transformed; gari* Llnd.j (ma-) in gen. vehicle, (fig.) gawanya ass.-caus. of gawa. wine, he dilutes it with water. Cf. treat with scorn. Cf. geugeu, geuzi, wagon, car. — la farasi. horse-drawn mgema, mgemo, ugema, ugemo. kigeugeu, mageuzi, m geuzo, ugeuzi. wagon. — la miguu. arch, bicycle. gawio (ma-) 1. division, distribution, — la moshi. locomotive. — la mizigo apportionment. 2. math, divisor, * (ma-) (steep) slope, declivity, (abiria). freight (passenger) car. ^geugeu adj. changeable, fickle, un- Cf. gawa. cliff, crag, escarpment; edge, brink.

chumba cha — . compartment (of a rail- certain. Cf. geua.

road carriage), tikiti ya — . railway gawo (ma-) part, share, portion. ^genge* I Engl. J (— ) gang (of workers), ticket, mkubwa wa magari. driver, gawa. geugeu (— ) see gaugau. Cf. group, troop. engineer. — la kulimia. rare tractor.

— la watering-machine. — la maji. gayagaya (ma-) gayagaya (kind of mat). geuko (ma-) see mageuko. mtoto. baby-carriage, perambulator. ^genge (ma-) coral.

— . enda kwa go by train/car. ende- gazeti* LEngl.l (ma-) newspaper, geuza caus. of geua. adj. strange, foreign; — . drive geni unusual, sha (a car). Cf. kijigari. magazine, periodical. — la jimbo. extraordinary, sema maneno ya kigeni. provincial/local newspaper, coll.: geuzi 1. (ma-) (us. mageuzi) change, speak in a remarkable/unusual way. (ma-) coll. woman. talk such usinipige magazeti. Don't alteration, transformation. 2. adj. jambo — . a remarkable affair. Cf. nonsense. changeable, fickle, inconstant, un-

gati* Llnd.j (— , ma-) naut. landing kigeni, mgeni, ugeni. certain. Cf. geua. stage, pier, dock. gea throw; leave behind, abandon, gensi* (— ) see jinsi. give up. Ugeuzi pi. of ugeuzi. gaugau, geugeu (— ) gaugau (kind of

gereji* Engl. (— ) garage, repair shop. bird). gebali* (ma-) see jabali. I J geuzo (ma-) see mgeuzo. ). .

111 geza 110 ghalibu ghalika ghilibu

ghalika* be scarce, be in short supply; gharikisho* (ma-) geza* LPers.J try on (an article of cloth- kifo cha — . a sudden death. 2. adv. flood, inundation. unexpectedly. ghafi- be expensive; rise in price, caus. Cf. ghariki. ing). Cf. kigezo. suddenly, Cf. raise lika, mghafala, taghafali. ghalisha. the price. Cf. ghali. ghadhabika*, ghadhibika be angry, irri- gharimu* cost, imegharimu paundi ghalisha* caus. ghalika. tated, caus. ghadhabisha. anger, ir- ghaibu* (— ) absence; lack, deficiency; of ishirini. It cost 20 pounds, appl.

ritate, provoke, exasperate. Cf. distance, remoteness, somakwa — gharimia. spend for/on, pay out be ghadhabu. recite from memory. Cf. ghibu, ghamma* unusual/rare. (money), pay expenses, nimemgharimia

ughaibu. safari yake. I have paid his travel

ghamu*, ghammu (— ) sadness, sorrow, expenses. ghadhabu* (— ) anger, vexation, irrita- Cf. gharama. grief, (sudden fit of) melancholy, tia — . grieve. tion, ona (ingia) — . be annoyed, lose ghaidhi*, ghaidi (-) 1.

ingiwa na — . be one's temDer. ineivva (patwa. shikwa) aneer. 2. exertion, (strong) effort, caused grief/distress. Efhashi* ( — ) deceit. (mile- trir\cprv determination. fraud. na — . be vexed, irritated. Cf. ghangi* (— ghangi ghadhabika. ) (kind of ship).

ghaidi* (— ) see ghaidhi. ghasi* confuse, complicate; create a ghani* 1. sing (songs of a serious char- disturbance, appl. ghasia. caus. ghadhia* (— ) unrest, disorder, tumult, acter). rebellion, ghairi* 1. consider, change one's mind, Cf. mghani. 2. (ma-) . ghasisha. pass, ghasiwa. Cf. do something unexpected, appl. ghasia.

ghanima* ) success, ghadhibika* see ghadhabika. ghairia. caus. ghairisha. 2. (— (— good fortune, prosperity, change, surprise, tia — . surprise, advantage, benefit, pata

ghasia* (— ) confusion, disorder; haste, — . derive benefit, ghafala* (-) see ghafula. disappoint. 3. prep, ghairi ya — make a profit; win

excitement, kwa — . hurried, restless, without; except, exclusive of, apart (in a lottery).

agitated, fanya — . cause/produce ghafalika* see ghafilika. from. Cf. baghairi. confusion. Cf. ghasi. gharadhi* (— ) 1. rare aim, intention,

place, desire (= kusudi, nia.) 2, ghafi*, gafi 1. sing, gross weight. ghala* (-, ma-) 1. storage usual/ — chini ya nyumba. cel- routine tasks, odds and ends (of ^ghasia app^. of ghasi. 2. short weight. 3. adj., fig. {also storeroom.

ware- business , etc.) ghafighafi) inferior (in quality); in- lar, basement. — ya bidhaa.

ghera* (— ) 1. rare jealousy, distrust. significant, worthless. house, stock(room). weka ghalani. 2. = ari. put in storage, store away. 2. hot.: gharama* (— ) expense(s), expenditure; — seed-lobe, cotyledon. payment; amount due, fee, charges, ghafilika*, ghafalika be forgetful, ya mbegu.

costs, fanya (toa) — . spend ghibu* be absent; be lost, disappear. absentminded; be surprised, amazed. money, falsehood; fault, go to expense. gharimu. Cf. ghaibu. caus. ghafilisha. divert; neglect; ghalati* (-) lie, Cf. transgression, astonish. Cf. ghafula. mistake,

gharika* (— ) 1, flood, inundation, mvua ghiliba* (— ) deception, cheating, fraud.

scarce, rare; costly, ex- ya — . heavy rain, cloudburst. 2. Cf. ghilibu. ghafilisha* caus. of ghafilika. ghali* adj. fig. pensive. Cf. ghalika. wreck, ruin, downfall. Cf. ghariki, gharikisho, mafuriko. ghilibu*, ghalibu compete; get the better ghafula*, ghafala 1. (-) suddenness, of (by underhanded means), come out abruptness, (unexpected) occurrence, ghalibu* see ghilibu. ghariki* be flooded/inundated, sink into ahead; take advantage of, cheat, de- kwa — . sudden, abrupt, unexpected. the water, caus. gharikisha. flood, fraud, appl. ghilibia. appl.-ass. maradhi ya — . med. apoplexy. inundate. — nchi. flood a country. ghilibiana. pass, ghilibiwa. Cf.

Cf. gharika. ghiliba, mghalaba. ghofira 112 gisikafiri gita 113 gogola

ghofira* (— ) rel. forgiveness, pardon, gita* ghururika* intr. of ghuri. [Engl.l (-, ma-) see gitaa. goe sing. see ugoe. absolution. (- msamaha.)

gitaa*, gita [Engl.l (-, ghushi* see ghoshi. ma-) guitar. gofi ( — ) 1. rind, bark. 2. skin. ghofiri*, gofiri rel. forgive, pardon, piga -. play the guitar. absolve, appl. ghofiria. cans. ^ghushi* be sufficient/adequate. gofia* [?] (-) roller, pulley. ghofirisha. pass, ghofiriwa. giza, kiza, jiza (-, ma-) dark(ness),

gloom. - la usiku. the dark of gofiri* see ghusubu* force, compel, coerce; take by night, ghofiri. ghorofa* see orofa. lanya -. become dark, force, appl. ghusubia. fig.: ignorance. prov.: moyo wa mwenzio ni msitu wa gol'u 1. (ma-) ruin(s). — la nyumba. ghoshi*, ghushi cheat, deceive; falsify, giza. The heart of another person is a ruins of a house, an gia* {.Engl. J (— ) gear, mechanism. fig. emaciated dark forest (i.e., an unfathomable person, human wreck. 2. adj. de- auto. gear, tia — . shift (gears). ghoshisha. pass, ghoshiwa. Cf. mystery), -a -. adj. dark (= not stroyed, collapsed; thin, emaciated. ughoshi. light). Cf. gofua. gida pour off, decant (a liquid, leaving the sediment). (- chingirisha.) ghosubu* swindle, cheat. glasi*, gilasi [Engl.l (-) (drinking) golua fall down, collapse (buildings). glass, wineglass. gidam* (-) see gidamu. fig. become thin, emaciated; weaken, ghuba*, ghubba (ma-) bay, gulf, inlet. debilitate, ugonjwa umemgofua sana. globu* I Engl.l (-) elec. (light) bulb. The illness has greatly weakened gidamu*, gidam (— ) leather strap ghubari* (ma-) cloud rain, vapor, dust). (of him. intr. gofuka. caus. (on sandals). gofusha. J gofu. goba ( — ) dried manioc. Cf. ghubba* (ma-) see ghuba. gilasi* LEngl.l (-) see glasi. o gofyagol'ya, gefyagefya drive, impel. goba rare end, conclude. ghulamu* (— ) 1. young man. 2. cards gilidi* bind (a book in leather). knave, jack. (- wa tatu.) gogadima ( — ) hot. kind of shrub Cf. jalidi. goboa, koboa break, break off, pluck off. (Capparis corymbosa). — pamba. pick cotton, appl. gobolea. ghumia* lose consciousness, grow weak; coriander seed giligilani* (— ) hot. intr. goboka. (fig.) be disconcerted/frightened; be (ma-) (Coriandrum sativum). Cf. mgiligi- gogo log. Cf. kigogo. speechless from amazement, caus. lani. gobolea appl. goboa. ghumisha. pass, ghumiwa. of gogoreka cackle, cluck, chatter.

see ugimbi. gimbi (-) gobori* [?] (-) mil., arch, muzzle- deceive, cheat, mislead; falsify. ghuri* gogoroda force, compel. loader. (= koroboi.) intr. ghurika, ghururika. be conceited/ ginsi* (— ) see jinsi. arrogant; be deluded. Cf. ghururi. gogota 1. strike, tap, beat, hammer goda (us. refl. jigoda) make an effort, guess, believe. (metal). 2. pull, drag. — mti. drag gisi* rare suppose, exert oneself, work hard for (one's (— ) see magharibi. ghurubu* off a tree. appl. gogotea. caus. Cf. kisi. children, parents). gogoteza. gogoteza maneno. speak ghururi* (— , ma-) vanity, conceit, pre- (kind of lizard). imperfectly/haltingly (with apoor pro- gisikafiri (— ) gisikafiri godoro* sumption, arrogance; self-deception. llnd.j (ma-) mattress, bolster, nunciation), cushion. red. (int.) gotagota. Cf. ghuri. )

gogoteza 114 gomboa 115 goshi

hawataki kufanya kazi kabla ya gome gotagota maneno. use a mixture of (ma-) 1. bark, rind, peel, ambua - mountaintop. 2. rare hump (on the kuongezwa mshahara. The people are la words from different dialects. 3. (— mti (tunda). peel the bark off a tree back). 3.: — la mwitu. dense forest, = on strike; they won't work until they (the zool. woodpecker. ( kigogota.) Cf. rind from a fruit). 2. shell (of a heavy undergrowth. a pay increase. Cf. mgomaji, gota. receive crab, etc.). 3. coll. shilling. mgomo, ugomaji. gongoa inv. of gonga. gogoteza caus. of gogota. gomea (appl. of igoma) boycott. -goma see 'gomba gongomea inv.-stat.-appl. of gongo. goigoi 1. (— ) laggard, lazy person. 2 gomvi adj. quarrelsome. Cf. gomba, 2. adj. inactive, idle, lazy, indolent. ngoma. mgomvi, ugomvi. 3goma (ma-) see gongonola (-) woodpecker. (= gogota, ugoigoi. Cf. kigogota.)

9. . gomvi pi. of ugomvi. Igomba (n-.a-) fiber of the banana leal. goka rare gag, retch, choke (in vomiting). gong'ota see kong'ota. Cf. mgomba, ugomba. (~ kokomoka, tapika.) gona rare sleep, lie down. appl. gonea {also gonia). soothe, appease, pacify. gonia appl. of gona. 2„ U quarrel, squabble, i i \ l- l i—lx A: 1 gomua,om a gumao-oma 1. i goko (ma-) anat. shinbone. (- muundi.J 4 , caus. gonya, goneza. Cf. kigono, wrangle; oppose, contradict; refuse. mgoni, ngono, nyono, ugoni. gonjwa 1. adj. ill, sick, unwell. 2. (ma-) 2. go on a strike, strike, appl. igole* \_Pers.~] (ma-) 1. mucus, phlegm, rare see ugonjwa. Cf. gonjweza, gombea. quarrel, argue (about some- saliva. 2. crop, craw (of a bird). gonda (-) gonda (kind of small lizard). mgonjwa. thing); stand up for, lay claim to. gombea cheo. insist on one's social gondi (ma-) 2 pellet of opium claw (of a crab, etc.). gonjweza make ill. refl. gole* [ind.] (ma-) claim the privileges due jigonjweza. position, = ( Igando.) feign illness. Cf. gonjwa. (for smoking). one's rank or class, gombea uchaguz caus. gonya caus. run for office (in an election), of gona. goneza caus. of gona. goligoli ( — ) ornith. golegole, goregore, gombeza. forbid, tumegombezwa goo: mtondo (mi-) -. the fourth day (Phoeni- from Tanganyika kakelaar, hoopoe (kwenda). We are forbidden tusiende today. (- kushinda — gonga strike, tap, knock. - mlango. .) culus purpureus). to go. caus. intr. gombezeka. be knock at a door. appl. gongea. appl.- reprehensible, ass. gombana. quar- gora* (-) see jora. ass. (-) sport goal. gongeana. gongeana bilauri. goli* [Engl.] rel, fall out, have words (with each goregore (-) see touch glasses (when drinking together), golegole. other). Cf. gomvi, magombano, see golegole. ass. gongana. strike against each goligoli (-) magombezi, mgombea, mgombezi, gorof'a* (-) see orofa. other, collide (ships, automobiles), mgomvi, ugomvi. inv. gongoa. inv.-stat.-appl. goromoe (- golikipa* [Engl.'] (ma-) sport goal- gongo- ) goromoe (kind of lizard). mea. hammer, drive (nails). Cf. keeper. gombeza caus. of gomba. !gongo. gorong'ondo (ma-) leg (of an animal). (-) 1. ball of glass, gololi* [Pers.] gombo (ma-) dial, page of a book. igongo (ma-) gorong'ondvva marble (for playing). 2. tech. ball (= ukurasa.) stick, club, knocker. 1. (-) gorongondwa bearing. Cf. gonga. (kind of lizard). 2. move in a zigzag, twist, crawl. gomboa {dial. - komboa) liberate, liberated. gongo Igoma refuse (to do something), stand up pass, gombowa. be (ma-) (amplic. of nigongo) 1. 1 height, pinnacle, top. - la joshi* (-) see joshi. for one's rights, strike, watu wame- mlima. .

116 gota gudulia K"K" guna

gota rap, knock. — mlango. knock at a guama see gwama. gugu (ma-) weed; door. appl. gotea. caus. gotesha, undergrowth, brush, gulio (ma-) rare, dial. ( weekly) market. thicket, vunja (ng'oa) magugu. = goteza. red. gotagota. rap continu- guba* (— ) see kuba. clear ( soko.) out a thicket, ously, beat a drum. Cf. mgoto; also magugu. bush, magugu- ni. in the bush, -. ) -a wild, unculti- guma, gogota. gubari* (— heavy black cloud, dust-cloud. gumia growl, bark (dog). Cf. gumio. vated (plants). gotagota see gota. gubeli* (— , ma-) naut. prow, bow; figure- gumba adj. 1. alone, solitary, isolated. gugumia 1. swallow, gulp. caus. head. & int. 2. childless, sterile, only in certain gugumiza. 2.: gugumiza goti (ma-) anat. knee, piga magoti. maneno. expressions: kidole -. thumb, big stutter, stammer. kneel down, fall to one's knees, kunja gubi (ma-) leaf-stem of the coconut palm, Cf. gugumizi, toe. mtu mgumba. childless/solitary magoti. draw up the knees, oia va — kigugumizi. man. Cf. mgumba. anat. kneecap. gubigubi red. of gubika. gugumizi (ma-) person with a speech- gumbizi (-) dizziness, fainting spell, cover, cover over, cover wrap defect, one who stutters. govi (ma-), ngovi (— ) anat. foreskin, gubika up; Cf. gugumia. ana — . He is dizzy. = prepuce ( zunga). mwenye — . un- up. caus. gubisha. inv. gubua. un-

gugumu (— ) body odor; circumcised person. cover, open; (fig.) discover, reveal, sweat, perspira- gumbo (ma-) dial, need, distress; tion. bring to light, red. (int.). gubigubi. shortage (of food supplies); crop goya sing. see ugoe. cover oneself from head to foot. failure, poor harvest. gugumua (-) (kind of) reed (Phragmites communis gubiti* LPers.J (— ) stick of sugar candy. ). gumbu (-) Igozi (ma-) sport (game of) football. musical instrument (made of a calabash). mcheza — . football player. guguna 1. gnaw, nibble; gubu* (— ) 1. ill humor, annoyance, bite, chew, munch. vexation, anger. 2. forwardness, im- 2. fig. find fault, nag, pester. gumegume (-) arch.: bunduki ya -. gozi (ma-) pejor. negro, black (used by portunity, obtrusiveness, pushiness. caus. guguniza. flintlock musket. of Africans). mwenye — . a forward/pushy person, gugurusha, nuisance, bore. gurugusha 1. pull/drag/haul gumia see guma. gramafoni* L Engl. J (—) gramophone, along (on the ground, with a scraping

record player, sahani ya — . (phono- or rustling sound). gubua inv. of gubika. 2. rustle, scrape, gumio (ma-) (also mgumio, mi-) barking, graph) record. rasp. appl. gugurushia. yelping (of a dog). Cf. guma.

gude (— ) 1. awl. 2. gude (kind of gredi* {.Engl.} ( — ) 1. grade, rank, po- = coucal; dudumizi, tipitipi, guguta (-, ma-) corncob (without bird, grains). gumu adj. 1. hard, firm, strong, tough; sition, ana — gani? What kind of a Cf. gunzi. shundi). severe, mkate mgumu. hard bread. position (social, occupational) does 2. fig. hard, difficult, kazi ngumu. he have? 2. quality, level, kahawa guia see gwia. gudi* (— , ma-) naut. dock, dockyard, hard work, moyo mgumu. hardhearted. ya — ya chini. coffee of inferior shipyard. Cf. gadi. 3. unyielding, obstinate, stubborn. quality, mshahara wake ni wa — ya gulabi* [Pers.li (ma-) litchi (fruit of 4. brave, courageous. Cf. ugumu, juu. His salary is very high. the mgulabi). gudulia* (— , ma-) water-jar. vigumu. greza* (— ) see gereza. gulegule (-) gulegule (kind of fish; guna grumble, growl; be cross/irritable. porpoise). fig. protest, find fault, criticize. Cf. mguno. . .

gunda 118 guruto 119

igunda (ma-) gunda (musical instrument, gura dial, change one's residence, gusa touch, feel, handle, ass. gusana gvvanda (ma-) man's outer garment (knee- move. = liama.) caus. gurisha. get horn). ( fig. acquainted. Cf. mguso. length).

drive away , expel.

^gunda be short (in stature). Cf. kundaa. *guta push, gore, fight (cattle). gwaraza rub, grind. — meno. grind/gnash

guru* Llnd.j { — ): sukari — . unrefined the teeth. sugar. gundi* L Ind. J ( — ) glue, paste, = ^guta shout, yell, call. appl. gutia. ( sherisi.) 1. parade, review; gurudumu* LPers.J (ma-) wheel. — la call out for (someone). gwaride* (ma-) mil.

mbele (nyuma). front (back) wheel. drill exercises. 2. military music, gundua discover, expose, disclose, hunt band. 3. guard. — la heshima. honor jino la — . sprocket. — zenye ndewe. eutu 1. (ma-) stump (of a lee, etc.). ana lobed wheels. — la mzinga. mil. guard, cheza (piga) — . play military divulge a secret, appl. gundulia. ap- mguu (kidole) — . He has lost a leg gun carriage. music; drill (to music), nyumba ya — proach stealthily, sneak up on. caus. (finger). — la mti. tree-stump. 2. adj. barracks. blunt, dull; broken off, chopped of. gundulisha, gunduza. intr. gunduka. gurufa* {.Engl.? J (-) curve, katika ass. gunduana. kisu kigutu. a dull knife, majani ma- reli pana — ya hatari. In this section gutugutu. stubble. gwaru* L Ind. J ( — ) bean (Cyamopsis there is a dangerous curve. psoraloides ). mgvvaru. gunga 1. abstain from, give up (certain Cf.

foods, as tabu); resist a temptation. gutua 1. do something suddenly; startle, gurufu* ( — , ma) rare highway. (- ba- 2. med. observe a diet. 3. warn. gwase (ma-) see gwasi. rabara.) frighten. 2. med. set (reduce) a 4. coax. broken or dislocated arm or leg. appl.

gutulia. intr. gutuka. caus. gutusha. guruguru (ma-) large lizard (Gherrosaurus gwasi, gwase (ma-) warthog. (~ ngiri, gungu (— ) gungu (kind of dance) receive an electric shock; shock, as- major). mbango.) tound, horrify. Cf. mgulusho. Iguni* Llnd.j (ma-) bag made of matting

^guruguru ( — ) guruguru (kind of fish, gwaya tremble, quiver (from fear, cold). (for transporting dates). sole). gutua see kutua.

guni* (ma-) carpenter's square. gvvia, guia 1. catch, seize, hold fast. gurugusha 1. see gugurusha. 2, do guu (ma-) amp lie. of mguu. tia — — mnyama mtegoni. catch an animal badly, bungle, spoil. cause trouble. in a trap. 2. fig. surprise, take by- guni* (— ) unrhymed/blank verse. surprise, catch unawares, appl.

gururu* (— ) curdled milk, whey. gwilia. caus. gwiza. pass, gwiwa. gunia* Llnd.j (ma-) 1. grain-sack. guya rare seize, grasp, hold fast. gwiwa na giza, be overtaken by dark- 2. sacking, burlap. guruta press, flatten, smooth, roll; ness. mangle (clothes). Cf. gurulo, gwa rare fall. guno (ma-) see mguno. mguruto.

gwiji adj. & n. ( — ) brave, clever (per- gwafua bare the teeth, snarl. gunzi, bunzi (ma-) corncob. Cf. ki- guruto (ma-) press, mangle. Cf. son) (chiefly in reference to witch gunzi; also guguta. guruta. doctors). gwama, guama press, squeeze. 120 habc hadhi hadhi 121 hajambo

hadhiri*, hadhirisha make known, an- hafifu* {also tahafifu) adj. trivial,

nounce, publish. Cf. hadhara. worthless, insignificant. Cf. hafi- fisha, uhafifu. hadhirisha* see hadhiri.

hafisi* ( — ) see afisi. *haba* adj. little, slight, insignificant; habu* see *hebu. hadi*, haddi 1. (— ) boundary, limit;

scarce, in short supply, siku — . a few rule. 2. (— ): — mfundo. children's hafla*, halfa (ma-) ceremony, party, days. prov. — na — hujaza kibaba. hadaa* 1. deceive, cheat, trick, appl. jumping game. 3. prep. & conj. until, feast. Little by little fills the measure. hadai. intr. hadaika. pass, hadaiwa. as far as, so far as to...; so, then. Cf. uhaba. ass, hadaana. 2. (— ) deception, tangu asubuhi — jioni. from morning to hafu* L Engl. J (— ) half, sport half-time. fraud, trickery. pvenincr. nilinvnia — aknia. I waited

^haba*, huba, hubba (— , ma-) love, devo- until he came. — nitampiga. I will hafukasti* [.Engl. ] ( — ) half-caste. hadai* appl. of hadaa. tion, friendship, affection. Cf. hebu, even go so far as to beat him. — asu- muhebi, stahabu. buhi. Well then, until tomorrow. hafutaimu* LEngl.J (— ) sport half-time. hadaika* intr. of hadaa. 4. conj. so as to, so that, in order hababi* (ma-) a term respect used in of that. Nitafanya akili gani hadi tugawe hai*, hei adj. living, alive, existent. hadaiwa* pass, hadaa. addressing persons of high rank: Your of sawasawa? What arrangements shall I Cf. hayati, hui, uhai. Excellency. make so that we may divide equally? hadaya* ( — ) see hedaya. haiba*, heiba, heba (ma-, -) 1. beauty, habali* adj., rare 1. irresponsible. hadima*, hedima (ma-) service. Cf. ha- charm, grace (of external appearance haddi* (— ) see hadi. 2. hot-tempered, irritable. dimu, huduma. or of character). 2. good reputation/ character. hadhara* adv.: — ya... in the presence habari* ( — ) 1. report, message, informa- hadimika* see adimika. of... — ya watu. in public, mkutano a report, tion, news, toa — . give pass haidhuru* see dhuru. hadharani. public/open meeting. out information. — gani? What's the hadimu* (ma-) 1. servant. 2. (freed) Cf. hadhiri, *hudhuria, hudhirio. news? are 2. material; How you? slave. Cf. hadima, huduma, hudumu, haini* 1. betray, divulge (a secret), de- tradition, history; event. Cf. hubiri, mhadimu. ceive. 2. (— ) {also mhaini, wa-) hadhari*, hathari {also tahadhari) 1. be m hubiri. traitor, deceiver, informer, deserter, cautious/watchful, avoid, evade. hadithi* 1. {us. appl. hadithia) tell, re- renegade. Cf. uhaini. appl. hadharia. refl. (interj.). habedari!* abedari ! bedari ! interj. late, report; describe, explain, pass. jihadhari! Watch out! Take care! Watch out! Look out! Take care! hadithiwa. nimehadithiwa, I was told. haja* (— ) 1. need, desire; necessity. 2. (— ) caution, discernment, kuwa Cf. hadhari. 2. (— ) report, narrative, story, legend; sina — nayo. I have no need of that. na — . be on one's guard, tia (fanya) myth, ni — tu. It is only a story 2. request, demand, petition. 3. need — , warn. 3. (— ) tenseness, tension. see Habeshi* (ma-) Mhabeshi. (i.e., something made up). to relieve oneself, kwenda — . go to — ya hali ya kisasa. the tenseness of the toilet. Cf. hitaji, hoja, hoji, the present situation. habibu* adj., liter, dear, beloved. hafifisha* 1. reduce, diminish, decrease; uhaji. minimize, disparage; lessen (in value); hadhi* (— ) 1. respect, honor. 2. title. habithi* ( — ) 1. wickedness, cruelty, weaken, debilitate, exhaust. 2. fig. hajambo sing. see ujambo. — ya heshima. honorary title. malice, dishonesty. 2. a malicious/ behave in a careless/frivolous way.

dishonest person. Cf. hafifu. laji 123 halmashauri 122 halafu halahala

(~ haji* 1. (— ) (to Mecca). baadaye, nyumaye.) 2. conj. and kali. oppose/resist the government. the truth of the matter, sina — . I have enda — then... Cf. "halifu. caus. halifisha. incite (to rebellion). . go on the pilgrimage. 2. (ma-) no certainty. 2. adv. undoubtedly, 2. (ma-) mutineer, rebel, insurgent; pilgrim. Cf. hiji. of course, for certain, positively. Cf. halahala!* interj. 1. immediately! disobedient, re- hakiki, hakikisho, uhakikisho. lawbreaker. 3. adj. = 2. Don't forget! ( upcsi, sasa hivi.) ^halafa, hajiri*, hujuru change one's residence, bellious, seditious. Cf. uhalifu. move; emigrate, appl. hajiria. appl.- hakiki* make sure, prove, ascertain,

halali* 1. (— ) 1st. law, lawfulness, ni ass. hajiriana. intr. hajirika. live check on, determine the truth, appl. — yako kula nyama hii. You are per- far away, be an emigrant, caus. ha- hakikia. ask after someone, caus. ^halifu* leave, bequeath. Cf. halafu. mitted to eat this meat. 2. adj. law- jirisha. expel, deport. Cf. mhajiri. hakikisha. 1. have inquiries made. ful, permitted. Cf. halalika. 2. (int.) attest, certify, vouch for; halili* ( — ) beloved/esteemed/distin- (-) person. hajivale (kind of) hawk (Cymnnaeni c / convince, nnss. { kn )hakikishwa. be guished halalika* be lawful, be permitted, caus. polyboroideo typicus). convinced. Cf. hakika. halalisha. permit, legalize; declare to 'halisi* adj. exact, definite; real, haka*, be lawful. Cf. halali. hakali ( — ) payment, price, (en- hakikisho* (ma-) proof, evidence; depo- genuine.

trance) fee; fine (for violating the sition, testimony. Cf. hakiki. halasa* ( — ) 1. profit (from business). rules of a club, etc.). shika — . pay ^halisi* 1. make a profit (from business). 2. arch, payment, wages (of seamen). the entrance fee. hakimu* (ma-) 1. judge. 2. rare leader, 2. rare receive wages. Cf. halasa. Cf. 2(,alisi. chief. Cf. hukumu. hakali* (-) see haka. halitumwa (— ) halitumwa (variety of hakiri* rare scorn, despise, treat with *halfa* ( — ) see ^halafa. sweet potato). hakama*, hakma (ma-) rare (law-)court. contempt, deprecate, humiliate, vilify. = Cf. hukumu, hakimu. ( dharau, tweza.) appl. hakiria. halfa* (ma-) see hafla. halkumu* (-) anat. carotid artery, jugu- caus. hakirisha. abuse, revile, in- lar vein. haki*, hakki (— ) 1. law, legality; sult. hal;* ( — ) {also uhali, ilhali) 1. condi- (legal) claim. — ya kuchagua. right to tion, state (of health). — gani? in halmaria* (-) see almaria.

) see vote, active suffrage. — ya kuchagu- hakki* (— haki. address. How are you? 2. situation. liwa. eligibility. 2. justice, love of — ya kisasa. the present situation. halmashauri*, halm shauri ( — ) council, see truth, shika (fanya) — . be just/up- hakma* (ma-) hakama. — ya hatari. state of emergency, kwa committee, organization. — ya kufanya

right, mtu mwenye — . a just/upright/ kila — . under all circumstances. sheria. legislative body. — ya udha- hakuna there is/are not. righteous person. 3. (lawful, just) — ya anga. weather conditions (for mini. trust company. — ya Umoja wa right, privilege, claim, nipe — yangu. flight purposes). - ya maisha. standard Mataifa. United Nations Organization. Give me what is coming to me (i.e., halafa*, hilafu (— ) dissension, differ- of living. — ya Usalama. Security Council (of

what is mine by right), takia — . take ence, quarrel; rupture, cleavage; op- the United Nations), ya kuwaajiri legal action behalf. on someone's position. Cf. halifu. halifa*, khalifa ( — ) hist., Isl. succes- wafanyakazi. committee for public Cf. stahika, stahiki, ustahiki. sor, caliph. Cf. halafu, ^halifu. services. — kuu. central committee.

2 halafa*, halfa (-) oath. — ya taifa kusimamia mazao. Na- hakika* 1. (— ) certainty, reality, fact, ^halifu* 1. act contrary to, disobey, in- tional Agricultural Products Board. truth, correctness, accuracy, mambo — Kuu ya serikali ya nchi ya Urusi. halafu*, hilafu, alafu 1. adv. afterwards, fringe, violate. — amri (sheria). dis- haya ni — . These are facts. This is Soviet of the USSR. Cf. later; subsequently, in future. obey an order (the law). — kwa seri- Supreme shauri. )

halmshauri 124 hamsa hamsauishirini 125

halmshauri* (— ) see halmashauri. hamarawi* (— ) naut. rope for attaching a yard. hamsauishirini* arch, twenty-five. hani* comfort, show sympathy; condole. = halua* (— ) kind of candy, Turkish delight. ( ishirini na tano.)

hamaya* (— ) see himaya. hanithi* ( — , ma-) 1. pervert, homo- halula* (— ) med. abscess, swelling in hamsini* fifty. sexual. 2. (sexually) impotent man.

the throat, quinsy. hamdi*, hemdi (— ) see hamdu. 3. adj. homosexual, perverted; hamstashara* arch, fifteen. (= kumi na shameful. haluli* ( — ) laxative, Epsom salts. hamdu*, humdu. himdu, hamdi, hemdi (— tano.) = Tel. praise, al — lilahi. Praise be hanjari* ( — ) scimitar, dagger. ( jambia.) halwaridi*, alwaridi (— ) attar of roses. to Allah. himidi. Cf. hamu* (— ) desire, (urgent) wish; anx- = Cf. waridi. hanziri* ( — ) rare pig. ( nguruwe.) iety, ona (kuwa na) — . desire, wish/ place (village, hame (ma-) deserted yearn for. halzeti* ( — ) (also mafuta ya — ) olive town). (~ kihame, mahame, Mongo.) hanzua* (— ) sword dance.

oil. Cf. zeituni. Cf. hama. hamu* be alert/on one's guard, jihamu. hao det. 3rd pers. pi. these/those defend oneself. Cf. u jihamu. hama change one's residence; migrate; hami* protect, defend; show favor. mentioned (already referred to), walu

move out, emigrate, appl. hamia. Cf. amia, himaya, mahamia. — . the people referred to. hamumi* ( — ) hamumi (kind of smoking emigrate /immigrate (from/to a country), tobacco). cans, hamisha. expel; resettle. Cf. hamia appl. of hama. hapa 1. dera. pron. this, mjini — . at hamaji, hame, hamiji, hamio, kihame, this town. 2, adv. here, to this hanamu* 1. ( — ) slope, slant, bevel, edge; mahame, mhamiaji, mhamishi, uhamaji, hamidi*, liemidi (— ) see hamdu. place, aje — . He should come here. (math.) diagonal. — ya chombo. naut. uhamisho. toka — mpaka pale, from here to bow, cutwater. 2. adj. diagonal, hamiji (wa-) 1. homeless person, nomad, there, papa — . at this very place. slanting, oblique. hamaji adj. unsettled, homeless, nomad. vagrant. 2. rel. pilgrim. Cf. hama,

Cf. hama, uhamaji. hamaji. hapana adv. no (lit.: there is no...). handaki* ( — ) trench, ditch, channel;

(sport) sector. hamaki* 1. act heedlessly (suddenly, un- hamio (ma-) move, removal, emigration. hapo 1. demon, that (already mentioned).

expectedly). 2. (— ) rash/inconsider- Cf. hama. mahali — . at the place referred to. hando* L/rc<£.J ( — ) (copper) water-vessel. ate act, burst of temper. 2. adv. there, to/ from that place.

— • ^ait for there, hamira* (— ) yeast, leaven. ningojee me papo hangaika, angaika be excited/restless; hamali* (ma-) 1. carrier, porter. 2. load, — . at that (very) place (previously be disconcerted/upset; be irresolute; cart for mentioned). — then, in burden, freight, gari la — . hamisha caus. of hama. kale, ancient be impatient, fig. rock, swing, caus. transporting goods. Cf. himila, himili, times, (at the be- hangaisha. confuse, worry (someone). mhimili, stahimili, stahimilivu, usta- hamna there is not. Cf. mna. ginning of stories). Cf. hangaiko. himilivu. = hamsa* arch. five. ( tano.) — mia. hara* purge, evacuate; have diarrhea, hangaiko (ma-) restlessness, excitement; (— public bath. hamamu* ) five hundred. Cf. hamsini, hamsta- dawa ya kuhara. laxative, caus. worry; noise, . Cf. hangaika. shara, hamsauishirini. harisha. 1. produce diarrhea, dawa hamanika be confused, disconcerted, dis- hii inaharisha. This medicine has a hangwe, hangue (— ) hook, bend. mayed; be irritated/excited. 127 126 harijia

^harijia* appl. of hariji. laxative effect. 2. (intr.) be terribly haramia* (ma-) robber, bandit, pirate, ^hasa* ( — ) rare castrated man or animal,

frightened (e.g., when caught in wrong- outlaw. Cf. haramu, uharamia. eunuch. Cf. hasi, mhasi.

doing). Cf. liarisho. harijia* ( — ): vvaziri — . foreign minister.

1. (— ) rel. prohibition, avoid- haramu* hasada* ( — ) hasada (kind of porridge). ance (of something unlawful), ni — harikisha* see harakisha. hara* (— ) rare (us. loc. harani) dis- kula nyama ya nguruwe. It is forbidden trict, quarter (of a town). 'hasama* ( — ) nose ring. (= kipini.) illegiti- to eat pork, mtoto wa — . an harimu* 1. forbid, prohibit, appl. hari- mate child. 2. adj. undesirable, for- mia. caus. harimisha. pronounce un- 1. , {also mharabu, wa-) harabu* (— ma-) ^hasama* (ma-) see hasimu 2. bidden, prohibited. Cf. harimu, uha- lawful, declare taboo. destroyer, spoiler, vandal, prov. nazi 2. (ma-) harimu ramu, haramia. (a taboo: person or thing). 3. mbovu — ya nzima. A bad coconut (ma-) ''hasama* (ma-) = uhasama, husuma. [),!,;,,,„ ~ - v (p. a ;o U ccd bv a -sister ' - spoils the good ones. 2. adj. destruc- harara* ( — ) 1. warmth, heat, tempera- brother). Cf. haram, haramu, tive, pernicious; violent, brutal. ihramu, hasanati* ( — ) see hisani. ture, med. fever, inflammation; maharimisho. Cf. haribu. erythema. 2. fig. , enthusiasm,

hasara*, khasara ( — ) loss, damage, in- passion, ana — . He is passionate/ Hariri* (— ) silk. haradali* ( — ) mustard. (- mastadi.) jury, — . uharara. pata lose, lipa — . pay for temperamental. C f. hari, damage incurred, compensate. harisha* caus. Hara. Cf. harani* (ma-) see haragwe. of hasiri. hari*, harri ( — ) 1. heat, fervor. - ja

jua. heat of the sun. 2. rare sweat. haragwe*, haragi iPers.j (ma-) bean harisho (ma-) 1. med. diarrhea. hasha!* inter;, by no means! impossible! . perspire. harara. toka — sweat, Cf. 2. (strong) laxati ve. communis). mharagwe. C f. Miara. (Phasealis Cf. of course not!

haris see heria. harita* ( — ) seeds of the soapberry haraja* 1. (— ) expense, expenditure, tree. hasharati* 1. ( — ) excess, dissipation, loss. 2. incur Cf. mharita. outlay, consumption; intemperance; extravagance, waste- haribil'u*, haribivu adj. destructive, expenses, spend money recklessly. fulness. 2. (ma-) dissolute person, pernicious; extravagant, wasteful. haro* \_Engl. J (— ) rare harrow. Cf. hariji. hard drinker; spendthrift. Cf. haribu, uharibifu.

harri* ( — ) see hari. haraka* 1. (— ) hurry, haste, speed, ra- hashiki* ( — ) liter, ardor, passion. haribivu* see haribifu. pidity, excitement, fanya -. hurry up,

a harul'i* ( — ) see herufi. hasten, enda kwa — . go fast, be in hasho* (ma-), kihasho (vi-) naut. piece haribu* destroy, ruin, damage, fig. de- haina baraka. Haste hurry, prov. of wood for repairing a boat, patch, moralize, — mimba. procure abortion. hasty, harufu* ( — ) smell (good or bad), aroma, brings no blessing. 2, adj. plug. appl. haribia. pass, haribiwa. intr. fast, excited, feverish. Cf. harakisha, scent. haribika. be destroyed, ruined, di- taharaki. hasi* 1. castrate, geld. pass, hasiwa. lapidated, caus. haribisha. bring harusi* ( — ) see arusi. 2. fig.: mtu huyu ni — . This man is misfortune, ruin. Cf. harabu, hari- harakisha*, harikisha urge, press, hurry. an outcast/outlaw . Cf. ^hasa, bifu, uharibifu. Cf. haraka. Hasa*, hassa adv. 1. especially, ex- hasua, maksai, mhasi. ^uhasi. actly, just. 2. completely, wholly, hariji* spend, waste, squander (money), ihramu pi. the Pyramids. Cf. very much. Cf. husu, hususa, mahsusi. haram*, appl. hari jia. 1. spend money on haramu, harimu. (someone), be generous. 2, donate,

contribute to. Cf. haraja. . . . ! !

hasidi 128 hatta hatti 129 hedashara

hasidi* 1. (ma-) envious/malicious per- hatarisha*, hatirisha imperil, endanger, hatti* (-) see hati. humility. 3, esteem, respect, rever- son; enemy. 2. (— ) envy, ill will. risk, jeopardize, refl. jihatarisha. ence, awe. Cf. tahayari, tahayuri. 3. v. (also husudu) envy, hate, hold expose oneself to danger. Cf. hatari. hatua* ( — ) 1. step, pace, pima kwa — a grudge. Cf. husuda, husudu, uhasidi. measure in paces, ni - tu. It is only haya!* inter j. Come hathari* see hadhari. on! Now then! a short distance. 2. fig. progress, Get a hasimu* 1. see husutnu. 2. (ma-) (also move on development; possibility, opportunity.

hasama) opponent, rival; a person with hati*, hatti (— ) (prepared) document; o whom one is not on speaking terms; haya form, blank. — ya maombi. applica- haula* see lahaula. demon, pron. (pi. of hili) these. wrangler, quarrelsome person. Cf. tion form. — ya deni. promissory

husuma, husumu, uhasama. — power of attor- hayati* note. ya uwakala. hawa* (-) deceased (person). Cf. hai. ( — ) 1. longing, yearning, desire. 2. (passionate) love/. — ya hasira* (— ) vexation, anger, pata (wa script. — ya utambulishi. creden- hayawani* (-) rare 1. animal, beast. moyo. deep/fervent love. 3. lust. na) — . be vexed/angry. tials. 2. monster. 3. feeble-minded person, 4. (ma-) concubine. 5. pr. n. fern, imbecile, idiot. Cf. uhayawani. (also Ewa) Eve. hasiri* do harm, damage, wrong, injure. . *hatia* ( — ) error, transgression, - mtu katika ugomvi. injure someone in hayo det. ma- cl. those tion, crime, guilt, tia hatiani. ac- (mentioned, re- hawa* (-) see hewa. a dispute, appl. hasiria. intr. hasi- ferred to), cuse, find guilty, tiwa hatiani. be maneno — . those words rika. decay, deteriorate. Cf. hasara. (which have been mentioned). convicted, ana — . He is guilty.

1 hawa dem. pron. pi. these, — patikana na hatia. be found guilty. watu ha ssa" see ha these people. hazama* (-) hazama (ornament, ring,

etc. worn in the nose). (= kikero, ^hatia* ( — ) rare gift, gratuity, tip. hasua* (— ) anal, testicles. Cf, hasi. hawaa* (ma-) see havvara. kishaufu.) = ( bakshishi.)

hawai* = hata* 1. prep, until, as far as. tangu (ma-) rare whore. ( havvara.) hazamu* (ma-) see mahazamu. hatibu* (ma-) Isl. preacher. Cf. hutubu. asubuhi — jioni. from early to late. hawala* 2. prep, since. 3. conj. so, so that, ( — ) check, draft; money order, hazina* ( — ) 1. treasure (money, hatima* 1. (— ) end, conclusion, termi- in order that; even if. tutasoma kitabu bill of exchange. C f. hawili. jewelry), valuables. 2. treasury, nation. 2. adv. (also hatimaye) gani — tujue maneno yenu? What kind exchequer. finally; then, later, afterwards; (conj.) of a book should we read so that we havvara*, hawaa (ma-) lover, paramour, after. Cf. hiitima, hitimu. may understand your words? — akija. concubine, mistress. Cf. uhavvara. heba* (ma-, -) see haiba.

even if he comes. 4. adv. (or — ki- hatimaye* see hatima. dogo, usually after negation) (not ...) hawili* change, exchange, convert; hebu*, habu love, like; be content/ at all, in the least, maneno haya si transfer (funds). — hawala. refund a happy. hatimisha* caus. of hitimu. Cf. "haba. muhebi, stahabu. kweli — . These words are absolutely note, repay a debt. caus. havvilisha.

untrue. jur. convey, make over, Cf. hawala. hatimu* see hitimu. hebu!* ebu! hela! inter j. well! come now ( — ) bridle, rein, hatamu* ^haya* (-) 1. shame, hatirisha* see hatarisha. modesty, bashful- ness, timidity, tia (ingiwa na) — , ona hedashara* (-) see edashara. hatari* (— ) danger, risk, hali ya — — . feel shame. hatta* see hata. 2. subservience, state of emergency. Cf. hatarisha. . . .

hedj 130

good luck, salutation: — ! or kwa penditures. neno la—, gramm. nu- hedaya*, hidaya, hadaya (-) (valuable) hekimiza* impart knowledge, inform, in- — ya struct. hukumu, hekima. kuonana! Good-b\e! 2.: —a — meral, lanya — . work a sum, draw f Cf. adj. fortunate, successful. 3. adv. up an account, tia katika — . put to

better, rather, prov. — adui row erevu (someone's) account, —a — . mathe- hedhi*, hidhi, hethi ( — ) menstruation, heko* 1. inter j. hurrah! bravo! well kama rafiki mpumbavu. Better a clever matical. 2. sing, compliments, con- kuwa na — . menstruate. done! enemy than a stupid friend. Cf. bu- gratulations. Cf. hekaheka.

ll e r i , u h e r i heshima* ( — ) honor, respect, courtesy, hedikwota* [Engl.'] (— ) headquarters,

esteem, wekeana — . treat each other *hela!* see 2|, e l,u. heria*, haria arrierj U'ort. 1. naut. take with respect, shika kwa — . receive hedima* (ma-) see hadima. in (a sail). 2. lower! (direction to someone with courtesv, prov. —

^hela* LGerm.J (— ) arch, heller, money. crane operators , etc.) huuzwa bure. Politeness costs vou . . .„ r r. , 1 , N i i neaimasta' Lungi.j vma-; ncauma»ic nothing. C f. heshirnu, mahashumu, principal (of a school). hema* (-) tent, piga — . pitch a tent, hcrimu* ( — ) see hiriniu. muhashamu.

ng'oa — . strike a tent. hehema see ^hema. Iierini* I Engl. A ( — ) coll. earring. heshirnu* honor, respect, esteem; be = 2 hema, hehema be outof breath, pant, ( "bali, kipuli.) polite, appl. heshimia. caus. he- hei* see hai.

shim i s h a . heshima, mahashumu, breathe heavily, gasp. appl. hemea. C f. hero (small pass, hemewa. fig. be very busy, (ma-) hero wooden serving m h e s h i m i vv a , muhashamu. heiba* (ma-, — ) see haiba. be overworked. dish). Cf. kihero.

* ( ) h e s i , hessi, esi — screw, bolt; peg hekaheka* (-) 1. confusion, unrest, heron. ( — ) flamingo. (of a musical instrument). hemaya* (-) see himaya. noise. 2. fig., sport cheers, cheering.

Cf. heko. herul'i*, harul'i ( — ) latter the alpha- hethi* — ) see hemdi* (-) see hamdu. (of ( hedhi. bet). — za kiarabu. A.rabic letters. hekalu* (ma-) re/. 1. temple (esp. the heti* LEngl.^ ( — ) hat, cap. hemera buy (or go for) food. Temple of J erusalem). 2. pagoda hesabu* 1. count, calculate; estimate, (China, ). appraise; consider, appl. hesabia. Iiewa*, haw a ( — ) 1. air, atmosphere; hemidi* (-) see hamdu. settle an account with someone; consider, climate, weather; sky. punga — hekaya*, hikaya (-) 1. tale, story, gradually, regard as, alihcsabiwa kuwa ana he- take a walk, get a breath of fresh i it "henezic " c adv. slowly, B in occurrence, ' ' anecdote. 2. remarkable kima. He was regarded as/had the air; enjoy a change of air, take a wonder, miracle. reputation of being a clever man. trip, utabiri wa — . weather fore- henza* ( — ) naut. halyard. intr. hesabika. be countable /calcu- casting, meteorology, kujilinda hc- hekemua 1. stretch oneself. 2. rare — ) wani. air defense. 2. gas. — ya henzarani*, henzerani, henzirani, hinzi- lable. 2. {also hisabu) ( arithme- = chemua.) sneeze. ( = tic, mathematics ( elimu ya — ); ac- kutoa machozi. tear gas. rani (— ) 1. cane, rattan, bamboo.

2„ plaited belt/sash. count, bill; number, sum; settlement: hekima* (-) wisdom, knowledge; phi- calculation, computation; (bank) ac- hezaya* ( — ) see hizaya. losophy; (power of) judgment, discern- count, credit; rate. — ya biashara. heri* 1. (-) good luck, success, ad- ment, wana— . be wise/shrewd. balance of trade. — ya mapato na — . fortunate/suc- Ihiana*, hiyana 1. (— ) treachery, be- well-informed/ vantage, mtu wa mwenye — . philosopher, matumizi. balance of income and ex- cessful person, jaliwa (na) — . have trayal, deceit. 2. (ma-) betrayer, educated person. Cf. hukumu. ) . . . )

133 hianf 132 hiliki hiliki

traitor, renegade. 3. adj. faithless, 1. keep, save; put aside, keep hifadhi* hina*, ^hiliki* be destroyed, be lost; (fig.) die. hinna ( — ) henna (a red dye used disloyal, treacherous, mtu — . a in reserve; preserve. 2. guard, pro- pass, hilikiwa. for staining the nails and hair). Cf. — — . tect; rescue. hadithi. preserve treacherous person, mfanya pol. mhina. renegade. Cf. hini, uhiana. stories/traditions. — maziwa. store hilo det. ji- cl. this (previously men- up milk. appl. hifadhia. intr. hifa- tioned), jina — . the name referred to. *Hindi* adj.: Bara Hindi. India dhika. refl. jihifadhi. protect one- ^hiana* ( — ) rare hardness (of wood ). 2 (= Uhindi). Cf. hindi, Kihindi, self. 3. ( — ) guarding, protection. hima* 1. ( — ) haste, hurry, precipitation. Mhindi, ^muhindi, Uhindi. hiari*, hiyari 1. choose, select; prefer. 2. ( — ) stubbornness, obstinacy; per- hii dem. pron. 1. mi- cl. these, miti 2. (also hitiari, ihtiari, ikhtiari) — ( sistence, perseverance; energy, stami- ^hindi* (ma-) single grain of corn, — , these trees. 2. n- cl. this. wish, choice, (free) will, pleasure, na. 3. adv. hastily, hurriedly, maize, mahindi. corn, maize, unga wa nyumba — . this house. discretion, judgment. — yako. at your •l.. re i I mahindi. cornmeal. Cf. Hindi,

see fit. — . at discretion, as you kwa himiza, muhimu. Mnuhindi. hijabu* ( — ) med. 1, neuralgia. 2. swell one's own discretion, voluntarily. ing of glands in the neck. kazi ya — . voluntary work. himaya*, hamaya, hemaya ( — ) protection; hini* withhold, keep back; refuse, refl.

guardianship, tutelage. Cf. amia.hami. jihini. refrain, abstain; restrain one- hiji* Isl. go on the pilgrimage (to Mecca). gift, present, donation; legacy. hiba* (— ) self, appl. hinia. refl.-caus. ji- Cf. haji. himdu* ( — ) see hamdu. hinisha. deny oneself, practice self- hibia* please/delight (someone). Cf. denial/abstinence. C /. J-hiana, hikaya* (-) see hekaya. hebu. himia* drive, impel; force, urge. Cf. uhiana. hima.

h i ki dem. pron. ki- cl. this, kitu — that (previously men- hicho det. ki- cl. hinikiza break off, interrupt (a conversa- this thing. to), — . the book tioned/referred kitabu himidi* rel. 1, to praise (God), 2. (— tion); be bored. referred to. = hamdu. hila* (— ) trick, strategem, pretext, sub- hinna* (— ) see hina. terfuge, deceit, cunning, kwa — hidaji* see hitaji. himila* ( — ) 1. load, burden; freight, craftily, deceitfully, fanya — . employ cargo. 2. fig. pregnancy. Cf. hamali hinzirani* (— ) see henzarani. a trick, -a -. adj. crafty, deceitful. *hidaya* ( — ) see hedaya.

himili* 1. bear, endure, hold out. 2. fig. hirimia* intend, decide, ^hilafu*' adv. see halafu. be pregnant, appl. h im ilia. intr. ^hidaya* ( — ) see adia.

himilika. caus. himilisha. Cf. hamali. hirimu*, herimu ( — ) 1. time of life, age. 2 hilafu* (-) see halafa. 2. eth. age-group, huyu — yangu. ^hidaya* adj. beautiful, desirable. himiza*, himu urge (to haste); speed up, This man belongs to my age-group.

hilali* (— ) crescent. drive on. refl. jihimiza. make haste, 3. a contemporary. hidlii* (— ) see hedhi. hurry. — mtu kazi. urge someone to hili dem. pron. ji- cl. this, tunda — speed up his work. Cf. hima. hirizi* ( — ) amulet, talisman. hidi* persuade, convert. this fruit.

himu" see himiza. hidima* adv. quickly, promptly; dili- ^hisa* (— ) 1. part, share. 2. math.

( — ) see eliki. gently, carefully. ^hiliki* quotient. 3. econ. share of stock. ) . .

134 hizi 135 hor

at the conclusion of a funeral service. dishonor, debase, appl. hizia. intr. hogo* ^hisa*, hissa (-) forgiveness, pardon. (ma-, — ) see muhogo. Cf. hatima, hitimu. hizika. be disgraced/dishonored.

caus. hizisha. Cf. hizaya. hohehahe* LPers.J (-) lonely/solitary hisabu* ( — ) see hesabu 2. end, stop; complete, hitimu*, hatimu person. Cf. hoi. finish, conclude (esp. school, courses, hisani*, ehsani, ihsani, hasanati (— hizi dem. pron. n- cl. pi. these. etc.). mtoto huyu amehitimu. This nyumba — hoho ( — ) 1.: pilipili — . red pepper. kindness, complaisance, favor, bene- . these houses, siku — child has finished school, appl. hi- these days. recently, 2. a kind of cake (flavored with red faction, preference, fanyia — . show fig. today. caus. hitimisha, hatimisha. timia. zizi — pepper). favor to someone, treat preferentially. . emph. these very... Cf. hatima. Cf. mhisani. hobe!* inter;. Go! Get out! Get started! hoi * ^Pers.J adj. helpless.

hisi* recognize; feel, perceive, sense. vitu — . these things. 2. adv. thus, hobela*: adv. somehow or other, hoihoi* LPers.J (— ) noise, shouting. Cf. hisiya. in this way, of this sort; just, ameni- any old way, hastily and badly. — ya karamu. mirth at a feast or told me. ambia — . This is what he festival. hisiya* (-) feeling. Cf. hisi. leo -. just today. - juzi (karibu). hodari* adj. 1. strong, powerful. 2. fin recently, just now. sasa — (— sasa). 2 stable. 3. active, hoja*, huja (— , ma-) 1. necessity; wish. hissa* (-) see n , sa< energetic. 4. dili- directly. immediately, 2. affair, matter; reason, motive; evi- gent, skilful, capable, mtu — . a ca- pable person. C uhodari. dence, argument, hapana — ya kugo- historia* [Engl. ] (-) history. - ya f. 1. det. vi- cl. these/those (men- hivyo nibana. There is no reason to quarrel. Afrika. African history. tioned), vitu -. the things mentioned. — hodhi* (-) 1. water-tank, boiler. una ? jur. Do you have a question? 2. adv. thus, in this way. vivyo — 2. waste 3. (trumped-up) excuse, evasion. hitaji*, hidaji, ihtaji 1. be lacking; want, land adjoining a cultivated just so, in this very way. field (and usinipe — . Don't make excuses to me! desire; be necessary; need, require. claimed by its owner). Cf. haja. yahitaji. It is necessary, appl. hita- hiyana* (-) see hiana. hodi!* inter j. May I come in? jia. intr. hitajika. 2. (ma-) (usually (before entering a hoji*, huji jur. question, examine, in- mahitaji) necessity, need, requirement, house/room.) piga — . call hiyari* (-) see hiari. vestigate; hodi,' ask for admission. argue; compel, press, appl. requisite; request, petition. Cf. haja, hojia. ass. hojiana. argue, pass. mhitaji, uhitaji. hiyo 1. det. mi- cl. that/those (pre- hoduma* (-) see hiiduma. hojiwa. red. (int.). hojihoji. keep on — those viously mentioned), miti . asking questions, cross-examine. hitiari* (-) see ri 2. det. trees which were mentioned. 2. haja. hofia* appl. of hofu. Cf. n- cl. this, nyumba — . the house hitilafu*, ihtilafu 1. distinguish, differ- 3. adv. in this way. referred to. hojihoji* red. (int.) hofu* 1. fear, be afraid, appl. of hoji. entiate; differ, be different, appl. hofia. kwa — . therefore. be afraid of (someone/something). hkilafia. appl. -ass. hitilafiana.. be intr. hofika. pass, hokumu* see hukumu 1. different/distinct; disagree, contradict. hofiwa. caus. hizaya*, hezaya (-) disgrace, dishonor; hofisha. frighten/intimidate (some- 2. (— ) difference; exception, contra- 1 disfavor, misfortune, curse. Cf. hizi. homa* ( — ) med. fever, imenishika or one). 2. ( — ) fear, fright, diction, discrepancy; fault, defect. terror, wa

nimeshikwa na — . I have a fever/ na (patwa na, shikwa na) — . be dis- Ihizi* {rare stihizai) abuse, insult, afraid, temperature. — ya malaria, an attack hitima* (-) Isl. 1. reading from the dread, kwa—. from fear. execrate; grace, put to shame; curse, of malaria, kipimo cha — . fever Koran. 2. funeral sermon. 3. feast thermometer. ) . )

hubi 137 hukumu hombwe 136 hubba

hubiri* 1. say, tell, report, hombwe (— ) hombwe (kind of snail). horuma* ( — ) see huruma. inform, an- hui* be revived, caus. huisha. revive,

nounce. 2. (ma-) communication, re- resuscitate, revivify. Cf. hai. port, message; homu* (— ) steady wind. horumia* see hurumia. (rel.) sermon. Cf. ha bari, mhubiri. huja* (— , ma-) see hoja. homugadi* LEngl.J sing, home guard. hospitali* LEngl.J {also sipitali)

hudhud* ) (ma-, — ) hospital, clinic. Cf. kiji- (— ornith. hoopoe. hujambo see ^jambo, ujambo. hondo, hondohondo, horohoro (-) ornith. hospitali. = hudhuni* see crowned hornbill. ( kwembe.) huzuni. hui hoji

hosumu* ( — ) see husuma.

hondohondo (— ) see hondo. hudhuria* be present, attend, participate. hujuma* rare attack. give medicine to (against hota treat, — katika mkutano. attend a meeting. encourage the growth of honga 1. pay (toll, tribute). 2. congratu- sterility or to caus. hudhurisha. summon, convene, hujuru* see hajiri.

hongea, teeth in infants). C f. hoto. late. 3. bribe, corrupt, appl. convoke; invite. Cf. hadhara, hudhu- hongela, hongera. 1. pay for some- huko 1. dem. pron. this (previously

Engl, j (-) hotel, restaurant. thing. 2. recover fesp. after child- hoteli* L mentioned), kucheza — . the game re-

of birth). 3. jur. be acquitted/cleared ferred to. shambani — . in the field 'hudhuria* risk, venture. sterility. a charge, caus. hongeza. make some- hoto (ma-) medicine against mentioned. 2. adv. there, to that dawa ya — la uzazi. medicine for in- one pay, ask for a bribe/blackmail. place; here, to this place, huko — . in hudhurio* (ma-) presence, attendance, pregnancy. hota. refl. jihongeza. rid oneself of some- ducing Cf. that very place. 3. conj. — nyuma. participation. Cf. hadhara, hudhuria. thing. Cf. hongera, hongo. while, as when. hotuba* (-) see hutuba. hudhurungi* 1. (— ) light-brown cotton hongera 1. (— ) congratulations; gift, huku 1. dem. pron. this, kucheza — cloth (for making kanzu) 2. adj. light hoza (— ) hoza (medicine for teething present (birthday, holiday). 2. appl. this game, nyumbani — . at his house. brown, yellow. children). of honga. Cf. honga. 2. adv. here, to this place, toka —

mpaka huko. from here to there. huduma*, hoduma (— ) service, attention, remove, eliminate (doubts, hongo (ma-, — ) exaction, tribute; bribe, hozahoza assistance, med. — ya kwanza. first difficulties). blackmail. Cf. honga. hukumu*, hokumu 1. judge, dispense aid. Cf. hadimu, hudumu. justice, sentence; decide; rule, govern. 1. acquire, have, possess. honi* LEngl.J (automobile) horn. hozi* appl. hukumia. pass judgment on. hudumia* see hudumu. monopolist. 2. ( — mwenye kuhozi. caus. hukumiza, hukumisha. 2. (—

jur. property. Ihori* (-) geogr. bay, inlet. administration of justice, judgment, hudumu*, hudumia serve, attend, wait on; sentence, decision; trial; decree, ordi- take care of, nurse. C f. hadimu, hu- hozuni* (-) see huzuni. nance, regulation; jurisdiction, author- 2 hori* LPers.A* (-) 1. watering trough, duma. ity, power. — ya mwisho. rel. last animals). 2. a kind feed-trough (for (Streptopelia (-) ornith. wild dove judgment, hana — hapa. He has no au- of canoe. huduru* gather, assemble. Cf. hadhara. semitorquata). thority here. — ya saa kumi. at the

tenth hour. Cf. hakama, hakimu, saddlebag. huenda adv. possibly, perhaps. horji*, horiji (-) huba* (-) see 2 haba. — akaja. hekima, hekimiza, mahakma. Possibly he will come. Cf. enda. 2 horohoro (— ) see hondo. hubba* (-) see haba. . .

huliv 138 hurunzi husiana 139 huyu

political husiana/kuhusiana huliwa* (— ) fish-roe, caviar. about (e.g., from one party to na... according to.., other, amehusumiana na mwenzangu. another). 4. be disobedient. Cf. mhuni, Cf. husu. He has quarreled with my friend. Cf. hulka*, huluka (— ) status, natural condi- uhuni. hasimu, husuma.

tion, nature, quality, characteristic. husiano* (ma-) relationship. Cf. husu.

mahluki. huntha* ( — ) rare hermaphrodite. Cf. huluki, huluku, husuni* ( — ) fort, fortress, castle. husika* intr. of husu. hulu* 1. cease, desist. 2. allow, permit. dem. pron. m- and u- cl. this (pre- husuniano* (ma-) relationship, connection. — the tree viously mentioned), mti . husisha* caus. of husu. Cf. husu. -~. re- huluka* (— ) see hulka. mentioned, u pan pa the sword

ferred to. husu* (and appl. husia) eive someone a husuru* Suppress. Slinintratp nnnrpsa share, huluki* (— ) 1. creation. 2. creature, divide up; belong to, be due to. fig., mil. besiege, fig. press, assail free person, being. Cf. hulka. huri*, hurri, huria, huru (ma-) alimhusu katika damu. He belonged to (with words).

freedman. Cf. huria, huru, uhuru. him (was related to him), fig. concern, huluku* rel. create. hulka. pertain to, affect: befit, be Cf. suitable; be hususa* 1. adj. special, particular. 2. adi huria* 1. (— ) freedom (of action, choice). in accordance with, maneno haya ya- especially, exactly, extremely, fully, = humdu* ( — ) see hamdu. 2. (ma-) huri. Cf. huri, uhuru. limhusu kila mtu. words These concerned completely. Cf. hasa, husu, mahsusi. everyone, -intr. husika. cans, husisha. humo 1. dem. pron. in this... (previously hurijia* rare invite (to a celebration), ass. husiana. concern each other, be hutuba*, hotuba (-) 1. Isl. reading from

mentioned), nyumbani — . in the house pertinent, (ku)husiana na... according the Koran, sermon. 2. recent, speech, referred to. 2. adv. here, in this place. hurri* (ma-) see huri. to... Cf. hasa, hususa, husiano, address. Cf. hutubu. mumo —. at/in this very place. husuniano, kihusiano, kuhusu, mahsiisi,

hurru* see huru. u h u s i a n o hutubu* 1. Isl. read the Koran, preach.

*humu 1. dem. pron. this, in this... 2. recent make a report, give a speech/ huru*, hurru 1. adj. free; liberated, husuda* (-) envy, ill will, jealousy, nyumbani — . in this house. 2. adv. lecture, appl. hutubia. speak before..., emancipated, sisi ni watu — . We are hostility. Cf. hasidi, husudu. here, in this place, mumu — . in this address. Cf. hatibu, hutuba. free people. 2. (ma-) see huri. Cf. very place. huri, uhuru. husudu*, hasidi be envious, envy. — huu dem. pron. m- and u- cl. this, mti fulani kwa mali yake. envy someone for — . this tree, utawala — . this ^humu* (— ) rare sorrow, grief. govern- hurulaini*, huruleini (ma-) Isl. houri. his wealth, appl. husudia. pass, husu- ment. diwa. Cf. hasidi, husuda.

kwanza. . , humuda (— ) help,r assistance. — ya , huruma*, horuma ( — ) sympathy, compassion; huwa adv. usually, ordinarily, as a rule; first aid. -, . . , attection, generosity, humanity, wa na husuma*, hosumu, hasama ( ) enmity, — perhaps, possibly. Cf. *wa. (patwa na, shikwa na, ona, fanya) — antipathy, antagonism, hostility; quarrel, humusi* (-) a fifth. show sympathy, be sympathetic/gen- dispute, jur. lawsuit, action, — , ' ' ana na k,,„^ j i .-l- / nuyo dem. pron. m- cl. this (previously erous. Cf. rehema, hurumia. mwenzake. He is having a quarrel with mentioned), mtu -. the hundi* [/raa\] (-) bill, draft, check, person mentioned. his friend. Cf. hasima, husumu. money order. hurumia*, horumia show sympathy toward liiiyu dem. pron. m- cl. this, mtu — . this someone, have pity/mercy. Cf. huruma. husumu*, hasimu quarrel, dispute, fig. person. huni* 1. wander around, be idle. 2. do compete, be rivals, appl. husumia.

acts of vandalism/ , wilful damage,s commit .* / \ i ' hurunzi* (— ) see kurunzi appl. -ass. husumiana. quarrel with each robbery. 3. be unstable/flighty, change • ) . .

idili 141 iktisadi huzuni 140

idili* 1. {_) exertion, effort; persever- ijapo, ijapokuwa conj. even if, although. grieve, worry; regret, intr. ance; enthusiasm. huzuni*, hudhuni, hozuni ( — ) mourning, huzunia* 2. v. learn good

sorrow, grief, kwa — kubwa. in deep huzunika. be sad. caus. huzunisha. conduct; teach someone good ijara* manners (-) 1. payment, rent. 2. pay, wages,

mourning, wa na — . be worried/dis- make sad, sadden. Cf. huzuni. earnings. Cf. ajiri. tressed, ona (shikwa na, pata) — iftari* (_) iftari (a talisman).

grieve, worry. Cf. huzunia. ljaza* (-) 1. reward. 2. requital, retribu- ifu (-, ma-) rare, dial. 1. ashes. 2. re- tion, punishment. Cf. jaza. mainder, residue. Cf. jivu.

I.jumaa*, Eljuma Friday. - kuu. Good ifuifu rare, adj. gray, ash-color. Friday.

ika rare put, place. (= weka, ikiza.) ifya be vexed/angry (at someone). ikhiari* iba embezzle, misappropriate, defalcate; idara* (— ) (government) office, department, adv. better. iga imitate, steal, purloin, appl. ibia. steal from ministry. — ya posta. post-office depart- copy. - maneno ya kigeni. ministry of imitate a foreign someone, rob someone, tumeibiwa. We ment. — ya elimu (ukulima). language, hodari wa ikhtiari* (-) see hiari 2. kuiga. have been robbed, caus. ibisha, ibiza. education (agriculture). — ya utibabu wa imitator, mimic, appl. igia. imitate someone, Cf. jizi, kijivi, mwivi, wivi. wanyama. veterinary service. caus. igiza. jina la ikibali* sing. see ukubali. kuigiza. pseudonym. Cf. igizo, mwigaji, ya redio. radio mwigo, uigaji. ikirahi* ibada* (— ) 1. rel. reverence, worship; idhaa* ( — ) program. — (-) see kirahi. liturgy, divine service. 2. cult. — ya program, broadcast. = igizo (ma-) ikirari* ubinafsi. personality cult. ( uabudi- imitation, matendo ya maigizo. (-) jur. plea. Cf. ^iri.

waji.) Cf. abudu. idhara* 1. (— ) slander, calumny; shame, stage setting. Cf. iga.

disgrace, discredit. 2. v. slander, ikiwa conj. if. ihramu* Ibadhi* (-) Isl. (sect of the) Ibadites. cause disgrace. (-) 1. Isl. clothing worn on the pilgrimage to Mecca. 2. the Pyramids. ikiza lay across, place crossways, spread paragraph, clause. idhini* 1. allow, permit; approve, confirm; (= haram.) Cf. out over, ikiza ibara* (— ) haramu, harimu. nyumba boriti. build the empower, authorize; assent, concur. roof of a house.

ibilisi*, iblisi, bilisi (-) devil, satan. appl. idhinia. intr. idhinika. caus. ihsani* (-) see hisani. — iko loc. idhinisha. pass, idhiniwa. 2. ( be. minazi iko shambani. The confirmation, ihtaji* iblisi* (-) see ibilisi. permission, approval, see hitaji. coconut palms are in the plantation. concurrence, authorization, taka — nyumba yake - wapi? Where is his

(remarkable) request approval, toa — . give approval/ ihtiari* (-) see house? sukari ibura* (— ) 1. marvel, miracle, hiari 2. _? Is there sugar there? occurrence. 2. sign, mark, characteristic. consent.

3. spot, speck, blot. ihtilafu* see hitilafu. iktikazi* (-) increase.

idi*, eidi ( — ) Isl. festival, siku kuu ya

. festival. — ndogo. festival ihtinsa* end, iktisadi* idadi* (— ) 1. number, quantity, amount. — Bairam conclude (apprenticeship, (_) thrift, econo my. -a — of Ramadhan. pa mkono wa bila — . without number, numberless. at the end education]. economic. on Bairam 2. counting, computing. — . to visit and shake hands holiday. . .

Ikulu 142 143

es ilmu* (— ) see elimu. imla* (-) Ikulu (the State House in Dar dictation (in. school). much fruit, vitu vingi. many things. Salaam). nyumba nyingi. many houses. Cf. ma see wima. imo loc. be. mizizi imo mchangani. The 1 wingi.. . roots are ikweta*, ekwata LEngl. J (— ) equator. in the sand, nguo imo sandu-

kini. The clothes are in the chest. ingia ima rare eat up (food intended for others). 1. come/go in, enter. — nyumba/

Mia* ( — ) fault, defect, shortcoming; nyumbani. enter a house. 2. have a ina*, inna adv. truly, surely, certainly, shame, disgrace, tia mtu — . to attribute q. share in, take part in, join. - safarini. Mma^ ... ima con]., rare either; ithe positively, start a journey; a failing/fault to someone. = join an expedition. ( *ama.) 3. get, become. — baridi (kutu). get inadi* (-) see inda. cold (rnstv). liofu. / apart irom; _ beccrr.e bc afraid. -11a' , ma, eia con], except, ima ima adv. see kiwimawima. 4. be imported, appl. ingilia. unless; but; otherwise, or else. 1. enter inama 1. bend, decline, sink, —macho. with a purpose, go in for..., pry into... imamia fall upon, attack. cast down the eyes. 2. bow, bend over; 2. cohabit, have ilakini* see lakini. sexual intercourse crouch, appl. inamia. bow to someone; with (pass, ingiliwa, ass. ingiliana). imamu* (— ) Isl. imam. lean/depend on someone, fig. insist on stat. ingika. caus. ingiza. cause/ ilani* (— ) announcement, publication, something, caus. inamisha. - kichwa. permit to enter, effect entry; insert; (public) statement, declaration, pro- imani* (— ) belief; (religious) faith, creed; lower the head (from shame, embarrass- import, appl. clamation. — ya ulimwengu kuhusu confidence, honesty, hana — na mwen- -caus. ingiliza. introduce ment). Cf. jinamizi, kiinatnizi, mwina- someone to (a new job, etc.), haki za binadamu. universal declaration ziwe. He has no confidence in his friend. break in; mishi, mwinamo; also inika, inua. install (in office); import (merchandise), of human rights. — ya kithaura. revolutionary spirit. Cf. ass. ingiana. caus. -ass. ingizana. amana, amini. Cf. Mnchi* [Engl.] (-) inch (2.5 cm). kiingilio, maingiano, maingiliano, ile dem. pron. 1. mi- cl. those, miti — mwingilizi, mwingizaji, uingizaji. those trees. 2. n- cl. that, kazi — imara* 1. {— ) strength, power; (fig.) firm- 2 inchi that work. ness, steadfastness; stubbornness, per- (-) see nchi. ingine adj. 1. other, second; different. sistence, perseverance, stamina, endur- watu wengine. inda*, other people, miti mingine. ilhE hali. ance, kipa — . rel. confirmation {lit. that inadi (— ) obstinacy; tactlessness, other trees, matunda mengine. other which gives strength). 2. adj. strong, troublesomeness. fruits, vilima vingine. other mountains. ili* conj. (so)that, in order that, (in order) powerful; (fig.) firm, steadfast, persis- nyumba nyingine. other houses, to. uimarisho. ingine tent. Cf. imarika, uimara, ^indi inda. ... ingine. some ... others. 2. some, a

few. watu wengine. some people. 3. iliki* (— ) see eliki. imarika* be strong/firm, be steadfast/ inde ( — ) hot. Guinea grass (Panicum next, saba nyingine. next week. persistent, caus. imarisha. strengthen, maximum). Cf, kwingineko, pengine, vingine, ilimu* (-) see elimu. establish, confirm. Cf. imara. vinginevyo.

ingawa, ingawaje conj. although, even if, ingua scare, frighten. (charm against ). ilizi* ( — ) ilizi imarisha* caus. of imarika. notwithstanding.

ini (ma-) 1. anat. liver. 2. heart (as the — ) measure, standard. appl. imbia. appl.-ass. imbiana. ilkanun* ( imba sing. ingi adj. many, numerous, watu wengi. seat of emotions), maneno yale sing together/ in chorus, caus. imbisha, yalim- many people, wale wengi. majority. kata -. Those words cut him to the ilia* see " ila. imbiza: 1. lead singing, direct a chorus. miaka mingi. many years, matunda mengi. quick. (= moyo.) 2. study singing. Cf. mwimba, mwimbi-

shi, wimbaji, wimbo. )

145 inika 144 itikadi

isha end, conclude; stop, cease; inika 1. bend, bend down; lower the head inua 1. Taise, lift, elevate. — mizigo. Israili* see Izraili. load. raise the complete, ugomvi umekwisha. (from shame). 2. lower, pull down. — raise/pick up a — macho, The dis- pute has been ended, kazi tawi. pull down a branch. 3. overturn, eyes. 2. fig. heal, cure, in It. inuka. imekwisha istakabadhi* (-) see stakabadhi. raised, 1'anywa. The work is already done. lay on one side. 4. fig. humble/abase raise oneself, rise; be nchi appl. ishia. double appl./int. istiimari* oneself, caus. inikisha, inikiza. inainuka. The country is a highland. ishilia. sing, , . double appl. -caus. ishiliza. humble/humiliate someone. Cf. kiini- intr.-appl. inukia. get better, improve; Cf. kisha, l mwisho, maishilio. istiska* (-) med. kizo; also inama, inua. pick up, start to thrive. Cf. kiinua, dropsy. mwinuko; also inama, inika. isha*, istiwai* sing., rare equator. (= injili*, anjili, enjili (-) rel. gospel, New esha (-) Isl. evening prayer ikweta.)

- Testament. (,- maandiko ya Agano inuka imr. of inua, w:30 6:30). ita call, summon; name, Jipya.) mention; call upon, invite, intr. inya see nya. ishara*, taashira (-) 1. sign, indication, itika. be called; respond to a call/summons/invitation, injini* {rare enjine, enchini) [Engl.-i (— symptom; phenomenon. 2. something intr.-appl.

inzi (ma-, — ) (common house-) fly. itikia. answer engine, machine, motor. — ya moshi. strange/remarkable. Cf. ashiria. someone, respond to some- thing; steam engine, agree with someone, caus. itisha. summon iowe* ( — ) see yowe. ishi*, aishi live, exist; last, remain. — someone, have someone called. pass. itwa. anaitwa injinia* [Engl.'] (-) engineer. Cf. milele. last forever, kuishi pamoja kwa Saidi. He is called Said. His name is Said, uinjinia. *ipi see pi. amani. peaceful coexistence, appl. kama inavyoitwa. so-called. ishia. Cf. aushi, maisha, maishilio. Cf. itikio, itiko, kiitikio, mwitaji, inkishafi* (-) 1. rel. revelation. = mwito. ^ipi (— ) rare fist. ( ngumi.) 2. Inkishafi (name of a poem). ishirini*, asherini twenty. itakadi* rel. believe. Cf. itikadi. ipo loc. be. miti ipo shambani. The trees inna* see ina. isilahi* are there in the field. (-) see suluhu. itatubwaga bring a curse upon oneself,

(foot- suffer the bad effects of insaidi* [Engl. J (-) sport inside isimu*, ismu (-) 1. name. 2. one's own ipu ( — ) see jipu. essence, action. Cf. bwaga. ball). - kuume (vva raiti). inside right. character; person. - ya mtu. everyone, — kushoto (wa lefti). inside left. each person. ipua inv. of epa. 3, gramm., rare subject. ithibari* (-) see itibari.

(-) 1. essay; theme, composition isipokuwa 1. prep, except, insha* irabu* (— ) sign (in the ). with the ithibati* draft, version. (— ) confirmation, evidence, proof. (school). 2. (written) exception of. 2. conj. if not, unless. 3. work (of literature or music). iriba* ( — ) rare see riba. Islamu* itibari*, ithibari (-) confidence; esteem, 1. (-) Islam, ingia — . accept respect; faith, fidelity. inshallah!* interj. of assent Yes, certain- Islam. 2. (ma-) Moslem, Mohammedan. iriwa (— ) (bench-)vise. ly. (If Allah wills it.) Cf. silimu, Kiislamu, Mwislamu. itifaki* (-) agreement, concord, harmony. Hsa* rare love, like. inspekta* [Engl.] (ma-) inspector. - wa ismu* (-) see isimu. itikadi* (-) 1. belief, faith polisi. inspector. (religion, ^Isa* pr. n. masc. Isa (bin Mariamu). Jesus tradition). 2. endurance, Israfil* see Izraili 2. perseverance. (son of Mary) (when spoken of by Moslems). Cf. itakadi. insurensi* [Engl.] (-) insurance. - ya

maisha. life insurance. itikio 146 jaamati jabali 147 jahinu

jivu. itikio (ma-) 1. answer, echo. 2. liter, re- ivu, ivo (-) see jabali*, jibali, gebali (ma-) 1. mountain, jafi* (_) jafi ( kind of ; nsect) . frain. 3. consent, acceptance, Cf. ita. mountain range; rock, crag, cliff. 2. fig. iwapo conj. if, even if; although. prominent/exceptional person, mtuhuyu jafu(-) weir-basket (for crabs). itiko (ma-) answer. Cf. ita. ~ sana. This is a fearless person. 3. fig. raised embroidery on the (assis- back of a ; iza* rare refuse, decline, reject aed i* Lzngi.[En P l 1 ( ) ;„„ I l S' j { — ) jug. — (a ma|i. water- ituri* ( — ) odor, fragrance, perfume. = kanzu. . . tance); not like, not favor. ( chukia, jug. la — maziwa. milk-can. — la maua. = manukato, marashi.) ( kanusha, zia.) flower-vase. jabari* (— ) 1. almighty, omnipotent fa itwa pass, of ita. title of Allah). proud, 2. fearless person. jaha*(-) 1. dignity, izara* (— ) disgrace, shame, dishonor. honor, fame, glory. 3. martyr (to a cause). Cf. jabali. ,I /_ 9. - r g 00 1-ck, success. u ' iva, wiva 1. ripen, become ripe; be cooked/ ukuu, usitawi, heshima.) mtu aliyeshu- done, embe zinaiva. The mangoes are jaddi* (-) see 4 5 jadi, jadi. shivva — . a person who has . Izraili*, Israili 1. Israel. 2. {also been granted ripening, nyama lmeiva. T,,Ine meat is good fortune, fig. kilango cha -. the * srafil the an el of death ° done. 2. be ready /prepared, coll. mambo ) S jadi* (-) 1. gate of paradise, ancestor, forebear. 2. family ya — . astr. yote yameiva. Everything is prepared/ tree, comet, genealogy. (= nasaba, asili, ukoo, ameona nyota ya -. He has a ready. Cf. bivu. kabila.) watu hawa hawana — nasi. The happy/successful future before him. people pa — show are not related to us. . honor (to someone); raise in rank, promote; appoint (to a responsible post). jadi* 1. wish , desire (strongly); demand.

2. (ma-) {usually majadi) desire; effort, jahabu* 1. shore up ( a ship exertion; persistence. 3. adv. very for repairs). 2. (ma-) naut. much; exorbitantly. brace, stay; slipway. Cf. majahabu. saa imejaza. The clock is wound up. ja {dial, cha) 1. come, arrive. — mbio. fig. 3 jadi*, chadi (-) astr. Capricorn. cans. -ass. jazana. push, crowd (one come running. 2. occur, happen, turn out. jahanum*, jahinu, jehannum, jehena (-) another). 2 jazi, kijaa, ujalivu, nitakuja kusafiri. It will turn out that I Cf. rel. hell. 4 jadi*, jaddi (-) rare hunger, will have to go on a trip. appl. jia. intr. ujazi. famine. = njaa.) njia hii ( jahazi* jika. be accessible/passable, (-, ma-) sailing ship (in gen.).

haijiki. This road is impassable. Cf. 2jaa (— ) rubbish-heap, dunghill. Cf. jalala. 5 jadi*, jio, kijakazi, kijio, kinjia, mja, mjakazi, jaddi (-) kafir corn. jahi* (-) geogr. North Pole.

.. .. 9 miio, njia, ^njaji, ujia, ujio. 3j aa * (_) r are north. (- kaskazi, kibla.) jadili* discuss, jahili*, argue, debate, appl. jaahiri rare 1. (ma-) rough, in- jadilia. ass, jadiliana. prove/demon- sensitive person. 2. adj. cruel; Vjaa 1. be/become full, mtungi umejaa jaahiri* (ma-) see jahili. ignorant, strate something to each other. Cf. uncivilized. (= katili, jinga, pumbavu.) maji. The jug is full of water, maji ya jadiliano. favor, Cf. ujahili. kujaa. flood. 2. fig. be abundant/plen- jaali* 1. be powerful. 2.

tiful; have plenty of something, be abun- jadiliano* (ma-) {usually majadiliano) dis- jahina* adj. bold, brave, courageous, dantly supplied, amejaa ujanja. He has jaamati* (-) 1. mosque. 2. meeting-place, cussion, argument, debate, shirikiana very great skill, appl. jalia. caus. jaza. Cf. jamii. -. take part in a debate. Cf. jadili. jahinu* (-) see jahanum. fill (up, out), jaza hati. fill out a form. jambo jambo a a 148 149 l l janga

This is an obvious fact. 3. general Aneilema jaliko (ma-) see ^waliko. for- -. all together. jaja (— ) jaja (perennial plant, Cf. jaamati, jamaa, mula of greeting, jambo! Good Day, jumuiya, . aequinoctiale). Hello (to a single person), jamboni! jaluba*, jaruba (-), kijaluba (vi-) metal (to several persons), hujambo? How are jamvi* wash (cloth, by rubbing be- box (usually for betel). (_) (plaited floor-)matting. jajaga rare you? jambo or sijambo. Good, thank hands). tween the you. -. Cf. ujambo. jamaa* (-) 1. family, relatives, mtu wa jamvia* (-) see jambia.

a member of the family, a relative; (fig.) Ijaji* {.Engl.'] (ma-) judge. Cf. Vijaji. 2 jambo (-) (fishing-)bait. companion, , inter], jamani ijana (ma-) 1. large/healthy child. 2. young twendeni. Let us go, friends. 2. company, person, young man/woman (= kijana). 2iaii (ma-) XPP. Vai. jamhlia rnre rlea n ~l„« gathering, meeting; coopcialiuu. d. larva of insects, majana ya nyuki. jamii, ujamaa. bees in the Cf. larval stage. Cf. mwana. jamda jajua make sour. (-) , caraway. Cf. kisibiti. jamadari* (ma-) see jemadari. o. jana time gelada (-) bookbinding, 1. (_) past/previous, siku ya jalada*, jelada, jamdani* {Pers.] (-) (white) brocade, -. the previous day. cover< _ ya karatasi. cardboard, paste- ribbon. wiki (ya) -. last jamala* (-) 1. courtesy, manners, propriety, week. 2. adv. yesterday, board; case/folder (for documents). Cf. has tumefika -. decorum, hana jamaa wala — . He We arrived yesterday. 1 jamei* unnatural jalidi. neither breeding (lit. family,) nor manners. sexual relations.

2. kindness, complaisance. Cf. tajamala, janaa* (-) see janaha. rubbish-heap, dump. Cf. jaa. jamhuri* (_) 1. jalala (-) tajamali. republic. - ya , the Republic of the Sudan. - ya Muungano, janaba* (rare chanaba) (-) omnipotent (title of - ya Waarabu. Isl. (ritual) jalali* (-) almighty, jamanda*, chamanda (-) (round) covered United Arab Republic, impurity, pollution, uncleanliness tangaza - (or nchi (after Allah). basket. Cf. kijamanda. kuwa -). proclaim a sexual intercourse). republic. 2. accumulation, gathering,

2. pay attention assembly. - ya watu. jali* 1. honor, respect. jamba 1. break wind loudly. 2. (ma-) a gathering of janaha*, janaa (-) shame, in- people, dishonor, dis- to, observe, regard, bila kujali. (intestinal) wind. crowd; (comm.) People's Re- grace. (= aibu, haya, fedheha.) attentive. public.

jambazi* (ma-) 1. tramp, beggar. 2. rogue, janda (ma-) rare leaf, foliage. jamia* (-) see jamii Ijalia* grant, empower, ; lend sup- cheat, sharper. 3. tukijaliwa. port, pass, jaliwa. tutasafiri jandala (-) leaving, leftover (two-handed). jamii* 1. gather, collect, (after a if we are able (if it jambeni* (— ) crosscut saw assemble. We will make the trip meal). 2. (also ass. jamiiana) copulate, is granted to us). Cf. majaliwa. have sexual jambia*, jamvia (-) dagger (curved, broad- intercourse, caus. jamiisha. jandaru* Qnd.l (-) see 3. {also jamia) chandalua. bladed). Cf. shembea. (-) mass, group, body; jaa. 2jalia appl. of company, community; number, sum; to- jando (ma-) 1. (rite of) initiation/circum- tality. — ya manowari. navy. — 1 1. matter, affair, condition, ya 2. beat, jambo (mambo) cision. 2. secret Ijalidi*, jelidi 1. bind (a book). ndege. place where initiation ya sasa. air force. - ya mizinga. battery. circumstance, katika mambo rites are performed. whip. Cf. jalada, mjelidi. 4. gramm. substantive. — ya dini. under the present circumstances/condi- reli- gious community. - ya mali. - difficult matter. 2. fact, sum (total) tions. gumu. janga 1. (ma-) killing frost. torment, pain, annoyance; 2jalidi* (-) (black) frost, of money. 5. adv. in mass, together. actual state of affairs, hili ni - wazi. failure, patwa na -. be beset by Cf. sakitu. pain/ jasisi 151 janga 150 jembe

caus. jasirisha. 2. (ma-) see mjasiri. e interr. failure. 2, v. grumble, complain; blame, jarabati*, mjarabati, mjaribati adj. tried, how? what? nifanyeje? What 3. adj. brave, courageous, Cf. mjasiri, shall I do? accuse. Cf. mjango. tested, attested, certified. Cf. jaribu. ujasiri.

ebu* jaraka* (— ) rare see jeraha. [Ind.] (ma-) woman's ornament (of 2janga adj. see changa. jasisi* 1. find, locate. 2. rare investi- gold or silver, worn under the chin). gate, go into thoroughly, pursue (a sub- jarari* (— ) naut. halyard. jangwa (ma-) desert, wilderness, desolate ject); shadow, spy on (someone). = edhamu* (-) see jethamu. place. ( nyika, pori, pululu, wangwa.) = ( mpelelezi, mdoya, haini, jaribio*, jaribu (ma-) {usually majaribio) saiiti.) appl. jasisia. caus. jasisisha. attempt, trial, test, experiment; effort. Cf. edwali* (-) list, table, plan, schedule. jani (usually majani) (ma-) 1. leaf, grass; mjasusi, — va maWnmlinra va atom, atomic test. ujasusi. leaves, foliage, bush, ingia majauiiii. Cf. jaribu. efua* rare abhor, feel repugnance/ go into the bush. 2. adj. green, majani jasmini* (-) see yasmini. loathing. mabichi. dark green. jaribosi* (ma-) tinfoil. jasusi* (ma-) see mjasusi. efule* (-) roughness, brutality, violence, janibu* (— ) side; district, region; direction. jaribu*, jeribu 1. try out, test; taste (foods), coercion; tyranny, despotism. jauri* (-) see jeuri. appl. jaribia. intr. jaribika. caus. jari- janika see anika. bisha. 2. (ma-) see jaribio. Cf. jara- ehannum* (-) see jahanum. jawabu* (ma-) 1. answer, math, product. bati, jaribio, majaribu, mjaribu. janikiwiti (rare chanikiwiti) adj. green, 2. matter, affair. — liwe lote. be it (the ehena* (— ) see jahanum. grass-green. matter) as it may. jarida*, jerida (ma-) rare newspaper. (= gazeti.) Cf. jibu, majibizano.

— la serikali. official gazette. eki* [Engl.] (-) 1. jack, kutia -. jack janja 1. (ma-) [augment, of mjanja) thief, *jaza caus. of jaa. up (e.g., an automobile, for repairs). swindler, rogue. — na janjuzi. a great 2. coll. jarifa* (ma-) dragnet (for fishing). money, nipige (tie) — . Lend me rogue outwitted by a still more artful ^jaza* some money. rogue. 2. adj. clever, crafty, cunning, 1. reward, give a present to; main- jaruba* (— ) see jaluba. artful, deceitful. Cf. mjanja, ujanja. tain, support. 2. punish. Cf. jazi, jazua. jela* [Engl.] (-) 1. jail. 2. jailer.

jasho* (ma-) 1. heat, temperature. 2. sweat, janjuzi see janja. *jazi* 1. reward, requite; compensate, jelada* perspiration, fanya (toa) — . sweat, per- (-) see jalada. indemnify, appl. jazia. caus. jazisha. spire, kazi ya — . heavy physical labor. (= peponi, janna* (-) rare paradise. 2. (ma-) reward, compensation; gift. el id i* — . work up a sweat. j see jalidi. jitia 2 ferdausi.) Cf. jaza.

jem* Ijasi* (ma-) rare jasi (ear-ornament, a [Engl.] (-) jam, marmalade. jano (— ) footstool. = jazi, jazo (ma-) enlargement, increase, round silver disc). ( kipali, kipini.) augmentation, increment; abundance, jemadari*, jamauari [ind., Pers.] (ma-) jansi (-) med. cramp, spasm, convulsion. profusion; excess, surplus. Cf. jaa. commander, general. — mkuu. 2jasi* (ma-) white limestone (used on the commander in-chief. Januari* [Engl.] (-) January. fingers when plaiting mats and as a face- jazo (ma-) see ^jazi. powder). jembe (ma-) 1. agric. hoe, mattock, spade, japo conj. although, even if. — hakuja... 1. be reckless, foolhardy; be jazua*, jezwa, jizya (-) indemnification, jasiri*, jusiri plow. — la meno. harrow. — (Jlaya. although he did not come... Cf. ijapo. brave, appl. jasiria. intr. jasirika. compensation; reward; gift, bold, present. plow, piga -. hoe, plow. 2.: majembe. Cf. jaza. . .

152 a jibali 153 ikalifu ;nabu .l'

jibali* (ma-) see jabali. idamka dial, get up (very early in the (= kidonda.) pata -. be wounded. Cf. naut., av. screw, propeller (- rafardha). morning). jeruhi, majeruhi. Cf. '-clu-mbe. kijembe, wembe. jibene* ( — ) see jibini.

ifia (ma-) see ji fya. jeraka* (ma-) rare see jeraha.

jibini*, jibene (dial, chibene) ( — ) cheese. jenabu* (-) jenabu (title of address in = chizi.) iiu (ma-) see jivu. jaribu. ( Arabic letters). jeribu* see

2 jibio* (ma-) see jibu 2. ifundisha refl. -caus. funda. (ma-) see jarida. of jeneral* [£ng/.] (ma-) general. jerida*

jibiza caus. of jibu. ifya, j ifia (mafya) cooking-stone. (Three 'eruhi* ™"™nd injure, nass. jeruhiwa. jeneza* { — > uiei. of these stones form the cooking place). Cf. jeraha, majeruhi. jibodoa praise oneself, boast. jenga build, construct, erect, appl. jengea. (ma-) mil. igamba boast, show off. Cf. amba. inv. jeshi* (rare geshi, cheshi) 1. intr. jengeka. caus. jengesha. army. - la ukombozi la umma. People's 'jibu* 1. answer, reply, respond, appl. jengua. cut down, tear down, destroy, Liberation Army, fanya (kusanya) — jibia. answer someone, intr. jibika. igonjweza see gonjweza. sisi kazi yetu kujenga, sio kujengua. majeshi. armed swali hili to destroy. muster/levy an army, halijibika. This question is It is our task to build up, not regular army/ jenguka. forces, majeshi ya kanuni. not answerable, caus. jibiza, jibisha. iguzo ( — ) 1. pillar, post (in house con- inv. -appl. jengulia. inv. -intr. 2. mass, crowd, host. Cf. 2. (ma-) (also jibio; usually majibu & struction). 2. 'fig. support, comfort. inv.-caus. jengusha. Cf. jengo, jenzi, troops. majibio) answer, response, pata (pokea) Cf. nguzo. mjengo, mjenzi, ujenzi. kijeshi.

— . receive an answer, kupa (toa) —

jeta* LlndJ (-) loafer, lazybones. give an answer. Cf. javvabu, majibi- jihadhari* refl. (inter].) of hadhari. jengelele, chengelele (ma-) {also ujenge- zano. 1. small intestine. 2. l e ] ei _) anal. on (someone, jetea, nyetea 1. rely on, count jihii'adhi* refl. of hifadhi. (vulg.) penis. arrogant/overbearing. something). 2. be 2jibu* LEngl.J (-) naut. jib. jijetea. be self-assured/conceited. jihongeza caus. -re fl. of honga. jengo (ma-) (usually majengo) 1. building, refl. construction, toa (andika) -. draw a jibwa a-) large dog. Cf. mbwa. material. jethamu*, jedhamu, chethamu (-) med. jijetea refl. of jetea. plan for a building. 2. building 1. leprosy. 2. elephantiasis. 3. scaffolding, enclosure, shed. Cf. jicho (macho) eye. I'umba (fumbua) macho. (close) jiji (ma-) rare big town/city. Cf. mji, jenga. open the eyes, angaza — . fix the injustice, (rare (ore) L (-) (also ujeuri) kijiji. jeuri* eye on, look fixedly at. pepesa — . wink, mwenye -. tyrant, brutality, oppression, blink, kaa macho, be/keep awake, jengua inv. of jenga. ana act unjustly/ oppressor, fanya (leta, toa) -. Ijika (yu) macho. He is awake, tazama kwa make an effort ; press, strain (in 2. adj. unjust, also ujenzi) arbitrarily /tyrannically. jenzi (ma-) (usually majenzi; macho, observe, inspect, macho kwa giving birth). Cf. mjiko. arbitrary, violent, tyrannical. style/method of building. Cf. jenga. macho, eye to eye, face to face. fig. —

la maji. spring water). knitted jacket. (of — la ua. ^-jika intr. of ja. jezi* [Engl.~\ (-) jersey, raha. jera* (ma-) rare see j« (opening) bud. rel. Jicho la Mungu. jazua. God Almighty. kijicho, kimacho. jczwa* (-) see Cf. jikalia refl. -appl. of kaa. mark, jeraha* (rare jera, jeraka) (ma-) 1. ja. ulcer, sore. jia appl. of jidai* marking. 2. wound, injury; refl. of dai. jikalifu* refl. of kalifu. s

jikania 154 155 jitukf

jikania refl.-appl. of kana. ^jimbo (ma-) medicine made from tamarind jino (meno) 1. tooth. - l a m bele. front na kwetu. This country is close to ours. tooth, incisor. leaves (used for washing new-born babies). - la nyuma. molar, meno adv. 3. near, close by. shamba -. an j ike (ma-) female animal, farasi — . mare. ya juu. upper teeth, meno ya cliini. adjacent field, tunakaa -. We live near ke. lower teeth, Cf. jina (ma-) name, proper name; appellation, ng'oa - (or, in the case each of other. Cf. majirani, ujirani. a child, designation; (gramm.) substantive, noun. ota -;. pull a tooth, toa meno. jikimbiza refl.-caus. of kimbia. — lako nani? What is your name? — la show/bare the teeth, umwa na -. have iri* 1. start, set in; happen, occur. 2. flow utani). — a toothache, meno kupanga (dhihaka, nickname. ya msumeno. saw- (of water); pass, elapse (of time); (fig.) jiko (meko) fireplace, cooking-place, teeth, la fumbo. pseudonym. Cf. kijina. -a meno meno. notched, serrated, circulate (of money), caus. jirisha. stove, — . a job which kazi ya kijungu crenelated. 2. something toothlike: carry out, execute (laws, etc.). affords a bare subsistence. — or loc. prong jinai* ( — ) crime, delict, kesi ya — . criminal (of a fork, etc.), cog. 3. strand (of jikoni. kitchen. — la umeme. electric case. rope, etc.); plug, twist (of tobacco). - jiriwa* see jiliwa. cooker; dynamo (on a bicycle), zima mkaa la tumbako. plug of pressed tobac- stay-at-home. co. jikoni. jinaki* think well of oneself, be proud, Cf. kimenomeno, msumeno. jisima* (ma-) rare form, figure, (external) boast. Cf. nakawa. appearance. jikohoza refl.-caus. of kohoa. jinsi*, ginsi (-) 1„ kind, sort; class, of fish). quality. manner, jinamisi ( — ) jinamisi (kind 2. procedure, method. jisu (ma-) (augment, of kisu) large knife. jikunjua refl.-inv. of kunja. — gani? in what way? how?

jinamizi (ma-) (also ujinamizi) 1. twist, jitahidi*, jitihadi 1. exert oneself, try jikweza refl.-caus. of kwea. jinywa (ma-) bend, curve. 2. bow, (act of) bending (augment, of kinywa) big hard, take pains, caus. ji tahid isha. over/bowing. 3. humility, self-abase- mouth (as a term of opprobrium). Cf. 2. (ma-) see jitihadi. arrival, occurrence, jilio (ma-) 1. (us. pi.) ment. 4. nightmare. — limenilemea. I

approach. 2. (majilio, usually rel.) ad- had nightmares. Cf. inama. jiti (ma-) (augment. o/"l m ti) large tree, vent. Cf. ja. jio (ma-) 1. rare approach, arrival. 2. fig tree trunk; (large) piece of wood. evening, jinga adj. & adv. stupid, ignorant, foolish. usually loc. jioni. (in the) jilisi* sit down. Cf. majilisi. evening, jioni C f. kijinga, mjinga, ujinga. leo. this evening. ja. jitihadi*, Cf. jitahidi, jitihada (ma-) (also u jitahidi) exertion, effort, industry, jiografia* jiliwa*, jiriwa {rare chiriwa) ( — ) vise. [Engl.] (-) geography. jingi (ma-) quantity, (great) number. zeal. Cf. jitahidi, juhudi

= jioni (loc. Ijimbi (ma-) cock, rooster. ( jogoo.) of jio) (in the) evening. 2jingi (ma-) one of the uprights of a frame jitimai* (-) sorrow, grief, sadness, — lavvika. The cock crows. for rope-making (supporting a cross- melancholy, affliction, kuwa na -. jipu (ma-) med. abscess, tumor, boil. grieve. board, bao la — ).

tumbua — . lance a boil. ijimbi (— ) 1. root (Colocasia anti-

jito, juto l quorum). Cf. myugwa, mayugwa. jingizi see zingizi. (ma-) (augment, of mlo) (large, jira (-) caraway, cumin. Cf. kisibiti. 2. (also mjimbi, vi-) fern, bracken broad) river, lake.

(P teridium aquilinum). jini* (ma-) spirit (chiefly in children' jirani* (-, ma-) 1. neighbor, prov. heri - itu (ma-) stories: beneficent, but sometimes (augment, of mtu) giant. karibu kuliko ndugu mbali. A neighbor Ijimbo (ma-) 1. (inhabited) territory, dis- frightening). (~ zimwi, not .) nearby is better than a relative far away. jituka be frightened/startled/confused- province. 2. rel. diocese. Cf. ujini. be trict, ne.ghborhood, 2. vicinity. „ c hi hii ni - anxious/uneasy. Cf. shtua (?). .

jlVl 156 joshi joshi 157 Juh

joho* ( — ) 1. woolen cloth. 2. a kind of jivi (ma-) see j i z i Arab cloak. joshi ma ( .) {augment, o/moshi) thick/ caus. julisha ( rare juza)> copious smoke. let know .jivi (ma-) wild hog. announce, inform. Cf. juvi, kijuvi, joka, choka (ma-) {amplic. of nyoka) large mjuvi, mjuzi, ujuvi, ujuzi. snake. josho, chosho jivu, jifu (ma-) ash(es). jivujivu, -a kijivu. (,na-) 1. place for washing/ bathing. 2. place for adj. ash-colored, ashen, gray. washing corpses. 1: uba* (_) chisel. joko (ma-) potter's kiln. Cf. oka. Cf. osha. jivujivu adj. see jivu. jongea move, come near, approach, appl. joto (ma-) {augment, juba* (-, ma-) linen of Imoto) 1. (in- shirt/coat. tense) jongelea. caus. jongeza. heat. 2. ne d. jivuna be proud; put on airs, boast. Cf. inflammation, high

""'" I,lma ta ke -juba- adj., vuna. -• the temperature fo/ rare fearless, brave. jongo (ma-) 1. amplic. of mgongo. a person). Cf. ujotojoto. 2. (strong, heavy) seam (in sewing). juburu* jiwe (mawe) 1. stone, nyumba ya mawe. 1. force, compel. 2. encourage. 3.: ugonjwa wa — . med. gout, rheumatism. joya (ma-) oy a stone house, mchongaji wa mawe. j (coconut with spongy shell), kama -. spongy, jugumu* stonemason. — la thamani. precious porous. talk contemptuously /derisively/ ( ) myth, hereafter, life to come. jongomeo — ironically. stone. — la msingi. cornerstone, fig.,

interj. 2. {us. pi.: Jozi*(- ma-) 1. mawe! Nonsense! pair. _ va viatu# a mawe ya mizani) weights scales). jongoo (ma-) millipede. — la pwani. pair of shoes. .!»Swe* [Engl.l (-) sport (of 2. things belonging to- tug-of-war. large sea (~ kiwe, mbwe. beche-de-mer, slug babaje, gether (in a set, Cf. etc.). - ya karata. a kojojo). juha* (ma-) rare deck of playing cards. stupid person, fool. (- mjinga, jiza (— , ma-) see g> za - mpumbavu, baradhuli.) 'jongoo: — halipandi mtungi. coll. impo- .I'ozi* (-) (kernel of a) nut, almond, juhudi* jizi, jivi (ma-) {augment, mwivi, mwizi) tent man. (-) effort, exertion, of walnut. Cf. lozi. zeal. mwenye -. comm. a well-known/habitual thief. Cf. iba. activist. Cf. jitihadi

jora* Llnd.J { — ) 1. cotton, calico. 2. .jozi (ma-) 1, hozi. jizla (unit of 166 kg). piece of calico about 30 yards long. iukumu* Llnd.l (-) jizla* (— ) weight: insurance, guarantee, warranty; responsiblity ; role, task. jua (ma-) 1. sun, sunshine. - I 'pa -. insure jizya* (— ) see jazua. kucha. (commercial jore (— ) jore (kind of bird, Eurystomus goods). sunrise. - kuchwa. sunset. - chukua -. bear the afer). kichwani. responsibility, midday, noon ('sun on the head'). - guarantee, jichukulia jodari* (— ) jodari (kind of dried fish). -. take/assume kali, hot sun. 2. clear, sunny weather. responsiblity. -jore* (-) see jeuri. jogoo (ma-) cock, rooster. — la kwanza. -jua know, ukwaa*, jukwari first cock-crow (2:00 A.M.). — la pili. be acquainted with; recognize; (ma-) 1. scaffold(in f .joshi*, goshi (— ) naut. weather/wind- grasp, understand, platform. 2. second cock-crow (4:00 A.M.). Cf. -jambo. know a gallows, scaffold. 3. ward side. thing, know rostrum. kijogoo, ujogoo. about something. _ kuandi- ka. know how to write, kwa kujua. inten ^joshi adv. (ride) at a gallop, alimpanda tionally, on jukwari* (ma-) see johari* (— ) jewel, precious stone; valu- purpose, appl. jukwaa. juia, j„| ia ,

farasi — . He rode the horse at a gallop. intr. julika. able thing, fig. — ya mtu. valuable intr.-ass. julikana. be

JU ' ^En human quality. known/recognizable/understandable. * ^ (-) July . . . .

158 159 kaanj

Swahili. 2. juma* (ma-) l.-week. — moja. a week. Society for the Study of al- i«vi curious, inquisitive, impudent. Cf. juzijuzi adt see a j liance. — ya madola. commonwealth; 'jua, m u z i — nzitna. the entire week. 2, (usually kijuvi, mjuvi, ujuvi.

jumaa, ijumaa) Friday. 3. pr. n. masc. United Nations. Cf. jamii. juzu* be permissible/admissible; i»ya* ( ma .) rare be suit- fishing net (made of able/proper, inajuzu Jumamosi Saturday, jungu, kungu (ma-) {augment, of chungu) coconut fiber). kwenda. It is per- large cooking pot. missible to go.

juzi Jumanne Tuesday. ( ma -) day before yesterday, , angu fuzuu* ma .) Juni* [.Engl.J (-) June. majuzi ( partj section, paragraph; yale. for some time, mwaka chapter Jumapili Sunday. (vva) -. year before (of the Koran). last. - |,ivi. not jura (ma-) 1. {amplic. of chura) large frog. long ago, recently. = Jumatano Wednesday. ya majivu. Ash 2. rare stupid person, fool. ( mjinga, Wednesday. mpumbavu, baradhuli.)

Jumatatu Monday. jurawa (— ) ornith. (species of) sparrow. jumba (ma-) {augment, of nyumba) (large) jusin see jasiri

house, mansion, palace. — la kufanyia

majiribio. laboratory, experimental juta* regret, deplore; be ashamed/dejected. ka consec. pan.: akaenda. (and) station. — la ukumbusho. National Cf. juto. he went. ~kaa (-) crab.

kaa 1. be; live, stay, dwell, (ma-) {usually majuto) regret, pangs settle; wait. • } juto* kaa ma ( -) {usually makaa): (ma-) village elder, headman, chief. -mjini. live in town. makaa ya jumbe of conscience, contrition, ona (fanya) 2. exist; continue, >nawe. coal, makaa kijumbe, mjumbe, ujumbe. last, endure, remain. ya miti. charcoal. Cf. majuto. have regrets, feel pangs of con- mitungi hii imekaa sana. - la moto. glowing embers, These earthenware pots choma science, shikwa (patwa) na — . be over- have last- makaa. burn ed for a long charcoal. jumla* 1. (— ) final result, math, sum time, i[a kaa siku come by regret/pangs of conscience. nyi„ g i. It will continue for (total), fig. — ya maneno ni. in brief many days. 3. sit. Cf. juta. Kaaba* Kaaba - kitako. sit (in Mecca). ('the result of the words is.,,'), kwa — down, be seated, appl. kalia. in general, 2, adv. all together, as a intr. kalika. caus. kalisha. ^juto (ma-) see j i t o settle someone, kaakaa, kaka (ma-) anat. whole. Cf. jumlisha, ujumla. make someone a resi- palate. dent, pass, kaliwa. nchi hii imekaliwa juu 1. {— ) top, upper part; sky, — ya na watu. This country -kaakaa jumlisha* 1. put together, count up, is settled, refl.- see 'kaa 4. nyumba, the top of the house, — yako. appl. jikalia. 2. math, add, plus. pass, jumlishwa, be idle/inactive, intr.-ass. You are responsible. It is your business. jumla. kalikana. be habitable, Cf. nyumba hizi ^aanga, karanga fry, roast, 2, adv. up, above, panda — . go upstairs. bake, stew. hazikaliki. These houses are uninhabit- - nyama. roast meat, — kwa — . at the top, uppermost, weka — mayai ya kuka anga. chance. able. 4. red.: jumu*, nujumu (— ) luck, fate, kaakaa. wait a while fried eggs. caus. overestimate, red. juujuu. 1. adv. (high) (rare) kaanza, kanza; (before doing something), be dilatory. usually kaanza up, aloft. 2, proud, arrogant. 3, shallow, moto. warm at a fire, Cf. kaza jumuiya*, jumuia (-) 1. society, associa- (?), kikalio, kikao, makao, warm up. superficial; perplexed, Cf. kijuujuu, Cf. kaango, kanzo, kikanza, makazi, I tion. — ya michezo. sports/athletic m kaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukaango. u juu. association. — ya taaluma ya Kiswahili. ukazi. "kaanga, kanga (ma-) branch bearing fruit. kaango 160 kabis kabh 161 kadhe

kwenda mbio -. run kaango, kango (ma-) cooking pot, frying kabichi*, kabeji [Engl. A (— ) cabbage, very fast. 3. abso- 2. fig. a person who conceals his lutely, definitely, true pan. Cf. kaanga. lettuce. lazima - aende. He motives/acts on false pretenses (who definitely has to go. (= kamwe, hasa, claims to need something which he hasili.) kaanza caus. of kaanga. kabidhi*, kabadhi 1. seize; accept, receive; really does not need, etc.), hypocrite, lay hand on something. — mali. keep, deceiver, fraud. ni kabwela kabla*, kabula kaanzo (ma-) see kanzo. save. 2. (in a caus. sense) hand over, 1. conj. before. - hajaja usisadiki yote asemayo. Hassan is a (bado). deliver. — fedha (mali) warithi. leave before he will come. 2.: - ya . deceiver; don't believe anything he tells prep, before, ago. money (property) to heirs, appl. kabidhia. _ ya siku nyingine. you. kaba* 1. press, squeeze, nguo hit ina- Nchi yetu imepoteza viongozi, several days intr. kabidhika. caus. kabidhisha. ago. Cf. kabili. sasa mkaba. This garment is too tight for him. twatawaliwa na makabwela. Our 3. {— ) care, attention; guardianship. r- _ I l l _ ..1 _ _ *»l . n 1 N. rnnntrv K a o !„„ I l ;i . iuuu. uiuac, iiiiumc;. *,. — ,. fi — v icis ana is kabsa* (-) see 4. adj. economical, thrifty, frugal, fig. kamsa. now hana — ya ulimi. He talks too much. run by frauds and hypocrites. greedy, avaricious; penurious, stingy, kabula* see miserly. Cf. mkabidhi, stakabadhi, kabla. kabwiri (-) kabwiri (kind of anchovy). ''kaba* (— ) 1. lining of kanzu. 2. collar. takabadhi, ukabidhu.

kabuli* [ind.] a (-) dish prepared with kachala*, kachara adj. old, kabadhi* see kabidhi. worn-out; of , tribe (a division kabila* (— ma-) smaller rice and curry. inferiorerior quality.aualitv. than taifa, but larger than ufungu, jamaa). kabaila*, kabaili 1. (ma-) important person, Cf. kikabila, ukabila. 2 kabuli* see kubali. kach ara* see kachala. person in high position or much respect-

ed. 2. hist, one born of free parents, kabili* 1. go and stand before/face some- 3 * kabuli* (-) [/„

stand face to face with kada* [Engl.] (-) uso kwa uso. kaburi* (ma-) grave, COTOm . cadre# kabaili* (— ) see kabaila. mound, loc. maka- someone, naut. kuikabili bahari ile. burini. burial-place, cemetery, prov. kadamisha*, shape a course for that sea. appl. kabi- kama hujui kadimisha precede, send kabaka* [Lug. J 1. kabaka (title of the kufa tazatna -. Even though ahead/in lia. appl. -ass. kabiliana. go and face you advance. Cf. kadamu. king of ). 2. (humorous or don't know what dying means, keep each other, have relations with each an eye ironical) one who behaves as if he were out for a grave. - kubwa. tomb , . kadamnasi* other, intr. kabilika. caus. kabilisha. adv. in public, publicly a king. mausoleum. (U u before the — mtu. introduce someone. 2. adj. people; cf. kadamu).

honest, upright. Cf. kabla, kibla, kaburu* lAfr.l ) wedge wood or (ma-) (us.pl.) kabari*, kabali (— (of l.Boor(s); , , * . mkabala. adv., rare Government of before (= mb ele). iron), kaza kwa — . to wedge tightly. South Africa:Africa; (comm.)(mmm ) 2. (ma-) (also mkadamu, mtakadamu, imperialist, colonialist. 2. (in gen.) wa-) rare foreman, 2 kabili* (-) see kabiri. European supervisor. Cf. kabati* [.Engl.] (— , ma-) cupboard, settler/farmer in Africa. kadamisha, kadamnasi, ^idamu, cabinet, takadamu.

kabiri*, kabili ) flute player. kabwela (ma-) (— 1. (unfair, arbitrary) use of kabe* [Engl.] (-) elec. cable. force/power, hakimu wa korti amenipa kadha* adj. & adv. so and so many, kabisa* adv. 1. completely, totally, mji kabwela kubwa ya nguvu kushinda mas- several (an indefinite number). - wa huu umeharibika — . This city is totally taka yangu. kabeji* (— ) see kabichi. The magistrate fined me -. so and so many, and heavily many more, and destroyed, nyuma — . right at the end, for nothing, for he has the power. so on, etcetera, miaka - wa - kabibu* adj. narrow. far to the rear. 2. very, extremely. ) ..

kajayeye 164 kah kalab 165 kalika

kalab* (-) rabies, kajayeye (— ) kajayeye (kind of manioc). kakamizi adj. stubborn, obstinate, un- hydrophobia. Cf. kelb. kale 1, (— ) the past, past ages, antiquity.

yielding, inflexible, uncompromising. watu wa — . ancestors, prov. mavi ya —

kalafati*, kajekaje (— ) naut. (thin) rope (for fasten- Cf. kakamia. kalfati 1. naut. caulk, appl. hayanuki. The filth of ancient times does

ing sails to the yards). kalafatia. pass, kalafatiwa. 2. (— not smell. 2, adv. earlier, formerly.

kakamka inv.-intr. of kakamia. caulking material. hapo — . long ago, once upon a time. kajia (vi-) see kinjia. zamani za — . in ancient times, tangu —

kakamua inv. of kakamia. kalakonje (-) kalakonje (kind of wild cat). long since, long ago. — na — . a very

long time ago. Cf. kikale, mkale. Ikaka (— ) elder brother, brother (in, gen.).

*kakara* (— ) struggle, combat, hand-to- kalala, karara (ma-) woody covering of the

kalenda* Engl. J (— ) calendar, coll. hand fighting, scuffle. Cf. kikiri, flower-stem of the coconut (used as I '-kaka, (rare) kaha (ma-) shell (of an egg), fire- — 1 kukuru. wood). iKo mbaii. here s a long time to go rind (of fruit), husk (of grain). until payday.

^kakara (— ) kakara (variety of vegetable). kalala (ma-): - la nyuki. honeycomb; (ma-) dial., med. circulation. ^kaka kalfati* see kalafati. (fig.) grill, gridwork (something resem-

kakasi (— ) see ukakasi. bling a honeycomb). "*kaka (ma-) see kaakaa. kali adj. 1. sharp, kisu kikali. a sharp knife.

2. sharp, hot, sour, strong (of foods, etc.). kakata feel pain, be in pain. kalambezi (— ) kalambezi (kind of mackerel). siki ni — . The vinegar is sour, tembo — ^kaka (ma-) rare leech. (= ruba.) strong palm-wine. 3. strong, scorching, kakatua break, break off; tear off (with kalamka, karamka be alert/intelligent/quick- intense, jua — . a scorching sun. 4. fig. kakaka ) kakaka (variety of vegetable). (— the teeth), appl. kakatulia. intr. witted, inter j. — ! Watch out! Look violent, cruel, wild, vehement, severe. kakatuka. sharp! appl. kalamkia. outwit/get the simba ni nyama mkali. The lion is a wild kakakaka adv. hastily, precipitately, belter of someone, cheat, cans, kalamsha. animal/a beast of prey, hukumu — . a heels. kikaka. headlong, head over Cf. kakawana 1. be strong/powerful/muscular. enliven, revive, cheer up. appl. -pass. severe verdict. 5. distressing, urgent, 2. (ma-) athlete. kulamkivva. he cheated. swali — . sore point/subject, urgent kakakuona (— ) kakakuona (animal resem- matter. Cf. makali, ukali, and also bling an armadillo; it is believed that kalamu* ikaki* [Pers.] (-) kaki (kind of cloth). (-) 1. pen, penholder. 2.: - ya lisasi karipia, karipio. its scales will ward off wild burning (mate), pencil, chonga — . sharpen a

animals). pencil. — ya vvino. (fountain-)pen. 2kaki* LPers.J (— ) kaki (kind of pastry kalia appl. of kaa. made of rice-flour and sugar). kakamavu adj. sly, cunning, crafty, kalamzi adj. quick-witted, witty, sharp- kalibu* (— ) 1. mold, form, matrix (for cast- deceitful. Cf. kakamia, mkakamavu, tongued. Cf. kalamka. kakindu (— ) kakindu (variety of plant, ing metal, concrete, etc.). 2. heating ukakamavu. Striga pubiflora)* pot, furnace.

kalanga (— , ma-) see karanga. kakamia strive after something, work hard, kalifu*, kilifu {usually refl. jikalifu) force/ = *kala (— ) large mongoose. exert/strain oneself, inv. kakamua kalasha* (— ) small elephant-tusk. drive oneself; torment oneself. Cf. taka- kakamia. inv.-intr. (w. intr. force). lifu, ukalifu, utakalifu. collar. kakamuka, kakamka. make great exer- 2kala*, kola [Engl.l (-) kalasia*, karasia L Ind. J (— ) small metal = tions, take great pains; groan, moan. Cf. ( ukosi.) jug- kalika intr. of kaa. kakamavu, kakamizi, mkakamavu, uka-

( — ) rare, liter, word. kamavu. ^kala* ) .

kai 163 kaimu kadhabu L62 kafini

kafiri* (ma-) Is I. unbeliever, non-Mosler imepita. so and so many years have measure, calculation; amount; extent; kaharabu* [Pers.l (-) amber. atheist. = Cf. kufuru, makufuru, ukafiri. passed. ( vivi hivi, vivyo hivyo.) (arith.) numerator. — gani. K'hat amount? kahawa* (-) coffee. How much? pima — . take a measurement. — ya tangawizi. a kaftani* (-) caftan (outer garment of ginger beverage. f. kadhabu*, kedhabu ( — ) rare liar. — ya miaka kumi. in the course of ten C kahawia, mkahawa. Arabs). = years. 3. — ( mwongo,) Cf. kadhibisha. (also ya) adv. & conj. to the extent that, in accordance with; kahawia* adj. coffee-colored. Cf. kahawa. kafu see kavu. kadhalika*, dhalika, bidhalika adv. like- about, on the average. — upendavyo. as kahini*, kuhani (ma-) wise, similarly; at the same time; again, much as you please, lipa (toa) — ya 1. Bibl. priest, kafua rare thresh (grain). (= pura, piga.! prophet. 2. rare: . na — {abbrr.: n k). and so forth, etc. shilingi ishirini. pay on the average 20 shillings. Cf. kadirifu, makadirio, kafnri* (_) rflmnhor. ^anuiii* — / iure law. kadhi*, (ma-) rare judge. (- hakimu, ukadirifu. v Cf. kahini. mwamuzi.) ? kadirifu* adj., rare moderate, temperate; *kaga dial, protect, ward o.ff evil (by kai* L. J 1. hand over, deliver, surrender. magic). = abstemious, continent; careful, anxious. - sh-amba. protect a field by ( angukia, miguuni, shika miguu.) kadhia* ( — ) rare matter, affair; occur- l magic. kago, 2. rare be timid. rence, event. Cf. kadiri, ukadirifu. Cf. ukago.

kadirio* (ma-) see makadirio. ^kaida* (-) kadhibisha* deny, reject, refute. Cf. kaga ( — ) med. swelling, tumor. see kawaida. kadhabu. kadogo 1. adj. (dial. emph. of kidogo) ex- kaida* Kaida kago 1. protect someone or something by (the second month after tremely small, tiny; (fig.) insignificant. Ramadhan). kadi* (ma-) see kadhi. magic. 2. (-) (Hal.) protective magic. 2. adv. to a very slight extent. — la simba. charm against lions. Cf. kaga, ukago. kaidi* 1. be intractable/obstinate /dis- ^kadi* LEngl.J ( — ) 1. card. — ya kuta- kafala* (— ) rare security, bail. obedient; contradict; offer resistance. mbulisho. identification card. 2. invita- appl. kaidia. caus. kaidisha. incite tion. 2 kafara* (ma-) 1. animal sacrifice, expiatory kago* [Engl.^ (-) naut. 1. cargo. someone to disobedience; dare some- offering; atonement, penalty, toa (fanya) 2. dock. one to contradict. 2. adj. intractable, kadimisha* see kadamisha. — . make a sacrifice, rare: chinja — disobedient, obstinate, mtoto mkaidi. slaughter a sacrificial animal. 2. amulet, kagua inspect, superintend; examine, disobedient child. Cf. mkaidi, ukaidi. kardinali [.Engl. J (ma-) 1. re I. kadinali*, charm. check. — skuli. inspect a school. — cardinal (number). cardinal. 2. math, askari. review troops. — hesabu. check kaimia* force oneself to do something. namba ya kikadinali. cardinal number. kaffi (ma-) see kafi. accounts, appl. kagulia. intr. kaguka.

appl. -caus. kagulika. C f. mkagua, ikaimu* (ma-) 1. 1. reckon, calculate, estimate, representative, substi- kadiri* kafi, kaffi (ma-) naut. paddle, oar. piga mkaguo, mkaguzi, ukaguzi. tute, deputy. assess. — kiasi. estimate/establish — wa president, vice- — . to paddle, row. president. the value of something, judge, 2. manager, agent, legal fig. kaha (ma-) rare pod, shell. — la ye 9 adviser, — appraise, consider, form an opinion of * kuwa wa shughuli. act as ka f ila (_) rare carav a n . (= safari, eggshell. (= "kaka.) legal adviser in a matter. makamu, something. — maneno. weigh words. msafara.) Cf. ukaimu. appl. kadiria. appraise/consider some- kahaba* (ma-) (and mkahaba, wa-) prosti thing, intr. kadirika. be limited/ kafini* rare cover, wrap. - (kwa) sanda. tute. Cf. ukahaba. kaimu* (ma-) leasurable. caus. kadirisha. 2. (— exorcist, necromancer. vrap (a corpse) in a shroud. . .

kalika 166 kamba kamba 167 kar

kalikana intr.-ass. of *kaa. thing from him), fig. extort, demand in- wa — ya siasa. political wire-pulling. kamia appl. of kama. sistently, threaten, appl. -ass. kamiana. Cf. ukambaa. intr. kamika. caus. kamisha, kamiza. kalima* ) arch. word. (— Cf. mkalimani, kamili* 1. end, complete, perfect, appl. mkalimu. ukalimani. inv. kamua. press (out), squeeze, crush. kamilia. intr. kamilika. be whole/com- kamba (-), mkamba (mi-) lobster, crayfish, kamua maluta. extract oil. kamua maziwa. plete/perfect. caus. kamilisha. 2. {also crab, shrimp, meno ya — . crab's claws. kalipia see milk, kamua nguo. wring out clothes. karipia. complete, perfect, whole, — wapwani kamilifu) adj. inv. -appl. kamulia. inv.-intr. kamulika. (bahari). land (sea) crab. intact. Cf. lakamali, ukamilifu. kamulisha. inv.-pass. kamu- — mdogo. shrimp, prawn. kalisha caus. of kaa. inv.-caus. livva. Cf. kamio, kikamulio, ukamio. kamilifu* see kamili 2. kaliwa pass, of kaa. ''kamba (ma-): — ya asali. honeycomb. 1, kamio (ma-) {usually makamio) rare kalme* (— ) see galme. kambaa* (ma-) 1, rope (braided with strips 1, threat, demand. 2. reproach, repri-

1 leaves). (~ 2 spring, of 2. whip. ukambaa.) Cf. kamani* LPers.A (-) watch mand; criticism. -kama. 'kamba. Cf. kaltiveta* v. Engl. J (— ) agric. cultivator. mainspring.

kambare (— , ma-) (kind of) catfish, barbel,

kamisheni* LEngl.A (— ) see komisheni. kalua* \_lnd.? A (ma-) Kalua (name of a sect gen.: any mudfish. kamari* (— ) game of chance (in of Indian fishermen), game played for money), cheza — . play kamiti* (— ) see komiti. kambi* U'.ngl.A (— ) 1. camp, camping-place. for money, gamble.

piga (panga) — , pitch camp, vunja — kama* {rare kana) con}. & adv. 1. if. = kamo (— ) arch, sieve. ( chekecheke, break camp. 2. recent, pol. camp, bloc, {usually makamasi) 1. mucus — ukitaka. if you wish. — ningemwambia kamasi (ma-) chungio.) — ya (ki)soshialisti. socialist camp/bloc. the nose, futa — . blow angefanya. If I told him, he would do it. discharge from — one's nose, vqta -. breathe heavily, 2. as, like; about, approximately, lia kainpuni*, kumpuni (rare kompania) L Engl. A kambo (— ) relationship bv remarriage, step- 2. cold in the head, sniffles. mtoto. scream like a child. — upendavyo. pant. (—, ma-) 1, (business) company, firm. relationship, mtoto vva — . stepchild, — . I have a cold in the head, as you like. — hivi. like this; for example. siwezi — ya biashara. business company. — ya

baba (mama) wa — . stepfather (stepmother). (penga) — . blow one's nose. — maji. watery, fluid. — nini (rare ka- toa kuchimba barabara. street railway com- kikambo. adj. & adv. typical of a step- mani). extraordinarily (lit.: like what). pany, 2. mil. company. grasp; catch, detain. parent, in the way a stepparent typically anakimbia — nini. He ran extraordinarily- kamata 1. seize, — kwamtego. catch in a trap. — mwizi. behaves. fast. — shilingi kumi. about ten shillings. kamsa*, kabsa (— ) 1. alarm, danger signal. — catch a thief, appl. kamatia. intr. 3. than (in comparisons), bora dhahabu piga — . sound an alarm. 2. mil. rev- kambuka 1. drv up, wither. 2. lose kamatika. be seizable/tangible, palp- fig. ledha. do Id is more valuable than silver. eille. strength, become weak, able, hewa haikamatiki. Air is not palp- 4. [also ya — ) that (conj.). tumeona — able. 2. sing, influenza, pneumonia, aliondoka. We have seen that he went kamua inv. of ^kama. kambusi (— ) see 'gambusi, gambusi. away. 5. whether, walimwambia (kama) string. kamusi. aje. They called to him (and asked) Ikamba* (-) rope, cord, twine, kamus* (-) see kame adj. desolate, waste, empty, unculti- fibers. whether he was coming, kama ... kama. — ya nazi. rope made of coconut vated, uninhabited. Cf. ukame. manu- (-) 1. dictionary, glos- whether ... or. — ya ulayiti. rope of European kamusi*, kamus

facture, funga (piga) -. tie/lace up. sary. 2. encyclopedia. kamera* {.Engl. A (— ) camera, kazi ya — 2kama press, press out; milk. appl. kamia. suka (sokota) -. make rope, sport: photography. squeeze someone dry (i.e., extort some- mvutano vva -. tug-of-war. fig.: mvutano .

kamv 168 kanga kanga 169 kanyaga

o kamwe adv. (at the end of neg. sentences) kandamiza stat.-int. of kanda. kanga (-) cotton cloth (with designs in kanju* Llnd. J (ma-) fruit of the cashew tree not at all, by no means, absolutely not, several colors) worn by women. Cf. mkanju. kandanda (— ) rare 1. football game. never, sitaki — . I definitely do not want

that. 2. football. 3 kanga (ma-) see kaanga. *kano (ma-) augment, of mkano.

kandarinya*, kanderinya \_Port. J (— ) arch. *kana deny, reject, repudiate, refuse to re- = kang'a see kanganya. teakettle. ( birika, buli.) kano, karo (ma-) rare 1. refusal, denial, cognize. — deni. repudiate a debt. — ra- disavowal. 2. sudden fit of anger. fiki. disown a friend, appl. kania. kangaga (ma-) 1. (species of) reed, flag. Cf. *kana. *kande (— ) 1. dial, supply of food, pro- appl.-refl. jikania. justify oneself, caus. 2. (species of) fern. 2. rare industry. kanya. reprove, censure; refuse, inv.- visions. kanseli* L Germ. Kanzlei?J (— ) chancery caus. kanusha. dare someone to disagree; Ikangaja (ma-) kangaja (small mandarin (of an embassy), consulate. fin an int. sense) deny, refute. Cf. ^kano, ^kande (— ) kande (a special dish prepared orange). Cf. mkangaja. mkana, mkanya, mkanyo. for New Year's Day LNairuzij in which = kantara* (— ) rare bridge. ( daraja.) seven kinds of grain are included). 2 kangaja (-) kangaja (kind of fish). ^kana*, gana [.Port.? J (— , ma-) naut. tiller. kantini* LEngl.j (— ) canteen, bar. kanderinya* (-) see kandarinya.

^kangaja (— ) kangaja (variety of tall grass 3kana" see !ka kanu (ma-) 1. wild cat. 2. marten, weasel. kandika intr. of ''kanda. growing usually in stagnant water).

Kanani* Palestine. kanuni* (— ) rule, regulation, precept; (es- rare clay coating (on the kandiko (ma-) kanganya, kang'a confuse, surprise; intrigue. sential) condition, principle; theory. walls of a house). Cf. '-"kanda. kanchiri* (— ) cloth worn by women to sup- — za barabarani. traffic regulations, kangara (— ) beer made from corn-husks and port the breasts, (recent) brassiere majeshi ya — . regular army /troops. kandili* (ma-) lantern, lamp. = sweetened with honey. ( sidiria.) — tano za kuishi pamoja kwa amani. the

five principles of peaceful coexistence, kando 1. (-) (also ukando) side, corner, kang'ata 1. feel pain. 2. (— ) rheumatic grain- hana — ya kuja. He doesn't come as a *kanda (— , ma-) {also kikandi, vi-) edge. — ya mto. bank of a river. — pains. rule, sina — . I am not certain. — ya sack (made of matting). zote. on all sides. 2. {also — ya) adv.

sheria. lawbook, —a — . unalterable, sideways, along, aside; by, next to. kango (ma-) see kaango. irrevocable, necessary. . aside. ya nyumba. ^kanda pi. of ukanda. simama — stand — at the side of the house, red. kando- kani* (— ) 1. strength, energy, penda kwa — kanusha inv.-caus. of kana. kando {or kandokando ya): — ya mto. ^kanda knead, press. — unga (udongo) to love passionately. 2. vexation, anger. along the river. knead dough (clay), massage. — fig. kanwa (vi-) see kinywa.

mwili. massage the body. appZ. kandia. kaniki* (— ) 1.0 dark blue) cotton cloth. kandokando see kando. kandika, usually used transitively: 2. kaniki (article of women's clothing). intr. kanya caus. of *kana. plaster a bouse with clay, stat.-int. ka- fowl (— ) ornith. (common) guinea exert pres- ^kanga kanisa* (— , ma-) 1. (Christian) church, ndamiza. impress, compress, kanyaga 1. step/tread/stamp on, trample mitrata). sure; oppress, stat. -caus. kandamisha. (Numida chapel. 2. rare mosque. down, Cf. kanyagio. 2. copulate (of mkandaji, mkandamizo, Cf. kandiko, a male bird). = ^mkando, ukandamizwaji. kanji (— ) starch, starch-flour. ( ^wanga.) .

karabu

kanyagio (ma-) (bicycle) pedal. Cf. kanyaga. kapilari* LEngl.j (— ) 1. p/iy. capillary karadha* (-) loan, credit (without interest). 2.: — mwitu. a perennial herb (Desmodium action. 2. anat. capillary (vessel). omba — . raise a loan, pa — . give a loan. adscendens). kanyo (ma-) see mkanyo. Cf. karidlii.

kapile (— ) any kind of cooked food sold in ^karanga see ^kaanga. kanza cans, of kaanga. the market. karafuu*, karofuu, garat'uu (-) clove(s).

Cf. mkarafuu. * (— ) (hidden) treasure, valuable. kapteni*, kepteni \_Engl. J (ma-) naut. & karangosi*, karagosi iTurk.J (— ) puppet.

sport captain. — wa manowari. captain karagosi* (— ) see karangosi. kanzo, kaanzo (ma-) heating, warming (up). of a warship. karani*, kerani (ma-) clerk, secretary, = = office-worker, bookkeeper. ( katibu, ( akiba, hazina, dafina.) Cf. kaanga. karnha*; iWirahi (-) aversion, dictastc, anti- mwandishi.) — vva kodi. tax-official. kaptura (— ) see kaputula. pathy, abhorrence, rejection, disfavor. kanzu* (— ) kanzu (long, white outer garment, Cf. ukarani. Cf. kirahi, kirihi, makuruhi. the old traditional costume of Swahili men). kapu (ma-) augment, of kikapu.

— ya mfuto. simple kanzu. — ya darizi. karantini* l Engl. J (— ) med. quarantine. karai (ma-) 1. (metal) washbasin. 2. cook- embroidered kanzu. kapungu (-) kapungu (1. kind of eagle. ing pot. — la kukaanga. frying pan. 2. variety of shark). karara (ma-) see ikalala. ksi<> (ma-) (usually makao) dwelling, resi- karakana*, karkana LPers.] (-) workshop, dence. Cf. kaa. kaputa (-) kaputa (kind of dance performed karasa (— ) mongoose, ichneumon (Herpestes factory. in exorcising spirits). ichneumon).

^kapa (— ) sleeveless shirt. Cf. kwapa? karakoli*, karakoni (— ) see korokoroni. kaputi* [Germ.? J adj.: nusu -. stunned, karasia* (— ) see kalasia.

stupefied. ^kapa adv.: enda — . lose fin a card-game), karama* (— ) 1. honor, respect, esteem, karata* l Port. J (— ) playing card, gawa —

coll. amekvvenda — . He owns nothing. favor, ana — . He enjoys respect. 2. worth, deal cards, cheza— . play cards. ^kaputula, kaptura, kapatula (—)( short) value, importance, weight, maneno yake trousers, shorts. kapani* LPers. j (-) (kind of) scales, yana karama. His words have importance/ karatasi*, kartasi (— ) paper, list, kipande balance. carry weight. Cf. ^kirimu, karimu. cha — . a piece of paper. — ya kukaushia 2 kaputula, kapatula (-) med. grippe, wino. blotting paper. — ya kunakilisha. kapatula (— ) see ^kapulula, ^kaputula. influenza. ^karama* see karimu. tracing paper, carbon paper. — ya shashi.

tissue paper. Cf. kikaratasi. kapela, kapera (ma-) unmarried man. ikara* (ma-) splinter, shaving. karamka see kalamka. = mvulana, mseja.) ( kardinali* (ma-) see kadinali. 2 kara* (ma-) Isl. reading from the Koran. karamu* (— ) party, festival, festivity, cele- kapera (ma-) see kapela. bration; feast, banquet. I'anya — . give a karela* Llnd.J (— ) karela (an annual plant, feast, karabai* (— ) 1. lamp (burning gasoline, enda karamuni. go to a festival, Momordica morgos e /charantia). Ikapi (ma-) chaff, husks, makapi ya mpunga. kerosine). 2. recent electric light bulb. — ya kiserikali, state banquet, Cf. ki- rice husks. rimu, karimu. karema be sterile/barren.

karabu* see karibu.

*karanga, , ^kapi (-, ma-) pulley. kalanga (— ma-) 1. , Kariakoo* \_Port.j Kariakoo (center of Dar es groundnut (usually when roasted). Salaam). .

173 172 kasabu karibia

kasabu* (-) cloth of gold, brocade. karibia*, kurubia come closer, approach; be karipia, kalipia scold/reproach/reprimand kasi (-, ma-) calabash (for storing milk or near. ass. karibiana. meet. caus. kari- someone; be vexed with/angry at someone. palm-wine).

bisha. bring closer, approximate; invite, pass, karipiwa. Cf. kali. kasama* (-) see 'mkasama.

make welcome, karibisha chakula. offer kasia (ma-) naut. oar. piga (vuta) ma- food, karibisha kiti. invite someone to sit karipio (ma-) scolding, rebuke, reprimand. kasama* (_) kasama (an oath). kasia. row. — la nyuma. steering-oar, down. pass, karibiwa. Cf. karibisho, Cf. kali, karipia. rudder. karibu, mkaribishaji. kasarobo* see 2 kasa. kariri* say again, repeat; recite. appl. kasia (ma-) kasia (species of antelope, karibisho* (ma-) welcome. karibia. kariria. caus. karirisha. pass, kaririwa. kasha* [Port.l Cf. ( ma -) box, chest, case. oribi). Cf. WiWariri. _ lo r„„ _. i — .^ u ..„. onunguux, sale, karibu* {rare karabu) 1. (—) (close) rela- kasiba* (-) pipe, tube. - ya bunduki. mil. tive, watu hawa ni zangu wa — karkana* {.Pers.1 {-) see karakana. kashabi* ndugu [Pers.l rare crush, squeeze out, rifle-barrel, fig. mdomo kama -. small, These people are my close relatives. press (sugarcane). round mouth (evidence of female beauty). 2. also — ya LnaJ) adv. near, in the karne*, karini, karni (— ) century. — ya sasa. — the present century, modern times. vicinity. — yangu. near me. tunakaa ya kashabu* (-) 1. wooden rod (on a loom). kasida* (-) see kusudi 2. We live near the city. (na) mji huu. 2. hollow bead (of gold, silver, or glass).

3.: hivi — (karibuni). recently, not long karni* (— ) see karne. kasidi* see kusudi. ago; soon. 4. karibu! interj. (plur. kashata* (-) kashata (a confection made of response fee (usually burnt karibuni!) Come in! Welcome! fin Ikaro* (— ) pay, remuneration, sugar and grated coconut). kasikasi red. (int.) of *kasi. to the query Hodi?). karibu kitini! Please in kind); recompense, reward.

be seated, Cf. karibia. kashida* (-) shawl, scarf, neckerchief. kasiki* (ma-) 1. robe, gown 2 (of a clergy- karo* (— ) see ^kano. man). rare 1. (money). kashifa* 2. rel. chalice, communion-cup. karidhi*, kiridhi lend (-) 1. unveiling, exposure. 2. slan- 2. borrow (money), appl. karidhia. pass. der, libel; false statements karofuu* (-) see karafuu. about a person, or secret kasiki* karidhiwa. Cf. karadha. facts the revelation of which is (— , ma-) large earthenware jug injurious to him. (= aibisha, (for storing water). karoti* [£reg/.] (-) . chongea, on karii* (ma-) (recognized) expert/authority singizia). Cf. kashifu, ukashifu.

poetry /literature, literary critic, alitoa kasimile* (— ) coconut kartasi* (-) see karatasi. oil. vyeti na tuzo kwa washindi wa mashairi, kashifu* unveil, reveal, expose; slander, of- — washairi. He awarded naye akiwa wa fend, insult; throw suspicion on someone. kasimu* rare divide (up). (= gawa, gawa- ikasa*, kassa [Pers.?] (-) kassa (sea- the poetry the prizes to the winners of appl. kashifia. intr. kashifika. pass. nya.) Cf. mkasama. tortoise), poetry. contest, for he is an authority on kashifiwa. Cf. kashifa.

kasirani* (— ) anger, annoyance, vexation. 2kasa* adv. less (than), shorter (than). x karimu*, kerimu, kirimu, karama adj. gener- kasi* Cf. kasiri. (— ) 1. intensity, energy, exertion, ef- saa sita- robo. 11:45 o'clock {lit.: sixth ous, magnanimous; hospitable. Cf. ki- fort. 2. hurry, haste, speed, tia (piga) -. hour less a quarter). rimu, mkarimu, ukarimu. make an effort, exert oneself. 3. adv. kasiri* {usually caus. kasirisha) irritate,

quickly, speedily; energetically, vigorously. vex, annoy; make angry, infuriate, appl. kaza. karini* (-) see karne. 'kasa see kasiria. enda (kwa) -. run very fast. red. (int.). intr. kasirika. be annoyed/irri- kasikasi. adj. distorted. tated/angry, intr.-appl. kasirikia. be annoyed with/angry at someone, pass. kasiriwa. Cf. kasirani. . .

kas 174 kataa kata; katu

-kataa*, ^kasiri* (— ) rare end. (- mwisho, up; reduce, abbreviate; {math.) subtract. kata (-, ma-) part, hatima.) section, division. katiba* (-) text, piece of writing, document: 4. buy, purchase, order, fig. — njia. - ya nchi. district. - ya nyumha. roonlc decree; decision, declaration; (pol.) con- shorten/block a road. — mshahara. re- - la kitabu. kasirisha* caus. of kasiri. section/chapter of a book; stitution. Cf. kitabu. J duce/cut wages. — kiu (njaa). appease page. Cf. kata.

thirst (hunger), — shauri. decide, con- kasisi* (ma-) priest. (= padre.) Cf. ukasisi. katibu* 1. write, appl. kalibia. appl. -ass. clude. — hukutnu (maneno). make a de- katabahu* at. the end of letters, preceding the katibiana. correspond (with each other), cision. — tamaa. lose hope. — shauri. signature (lit. 'he wrote it'). kitabu, kaskazi* (— ) 1. north wind, northeasterly Cf. make a settlement/contract/treaty. 2. (ma- frustrate a plan. red. (int.). katakata. katibu. wind. 2. north, kaskazini. in a northerly writer, clerk, secretary. — mwenezi. sec- cut into small pieces, appl. katia. appl.- direction. 3. time of the northeast mon- retary for propaganda. Cf. kitabu, uka- ass. katiana. settle accounts (with each katadole (-) ornith. grosbeak weaver soon hot spasnn of thp vpar (TWprriKpT- tibu. = other), strike a balance, intr. katika. ( yombiyombi). March). ukuni huu haukatiki. This wood cannot be katika prep, in, at, with, from, to, on; dur- cut. caus. katiza. 1. interrupt, katiza katakata red. (int.) of *kata. kasoro* 1. (— ) fault, defect, gari hii ina — ing; concerning, ingia — mji. go to/into maneno. interrupt a conversation, break This car has something wrong with it. a city, toka — nchi. come from a country. in. 2. do away with, end. Cf. ^kataa, katani* (-) sisal, hemp (the fiber). 2. adv. less, except, but. Cf. nimepata vitabu panda — mlima. climb (up) a mountain. kato, mkata, mkataji, mkate, mkato, mka- mkatani. vyote — vitabu vitatu. I have received all — kuenda. while going. — wakati wote. tizo, ukata. the books but three. kasa. Cf. during the whole time. — habari zile. katao* (ma-) rare refusal, rejection, denial. concerning those reports. dipper, ladle a Cf. kalaa. kasri* (— ) palace. ^kata (— , ma-) (made of

coconut shell or of wood). -katika intr. of 'kata. katara (— ) 1. old/dilapidated vehicle. kassa* (— ) see kasa. 2. coll. motor bus.

^kata (— , ma-) pad (made grass) serving of katikati see kali. kassi* (— ) twined thread, tia (piga) — as a rest for loads carried on the head. katavu* adj., rare stubborn, argumentative. twist, twine. katili* 1. (ma-) murderer. 2. adj. murder- Cf. kataa, mkatavu. ataa# ^kata* (— , ma-) see 2k ous; (fig.) bloodthirsty, cruel. Cf. mka- kastabini*, kustabini, kustabani, kustubani tili, ukatili. kataza* {caus. of kataa.) forbid, (-) thimble. prohibit; Ikataa* 1. refuse, decline, reject (some- prevent. Cf. katazo. katiti 1. adj. very small, tiny. thing); refuse to do something, appl. 2. adv. kasuku (-) parrot. (= dura.) very little, not much. katalia. nimemkatalia. I have refused katazo* (ma-) {usually makatazo) 1. pro- him/turned him down. intr. katalika. kasumba* Llnd.J {—) opium. (= afyuni.) hibition. 2. refusal, denial. 3. embargo. katiza caus. kala. kataza. forbid, of pass, kataliwa. caus. Cf. kataa, kataza. wasiende. kaswende (— ) med. syphilis. prohibit; prevent, kataza watu kato* (ma-) section, fragment. Cf. kata. forbid the people to go. 2. adj. final, kati, katikati 1. (— ) middle, center. — ya final definitive, neno hili — . This is the Ikata* 1. cut (off). — kwa kisu. cut with a mahali. in the middle of the place, wa- katoliki* Engl, makataa, I j adj. Catholic, kanisa word. Cf. katao, katavu, katazo, kati vva — knife. — nguo. cut out a garment. 2. chop, . interval, interim, interregnum. (ya) — . . kikatoliki. ukatazaji. Cf. mkataa, mkatavu, ukatavu, 2. {also — ya) adv. fell. — mti. chop down/fell a tree. & prep, in the middle/ midst of, between, — kuni. chop firewood. 3. cut up, divide weka — . put/place in *katu* Llnd.} {—) katu (gum for chewing middle. 3.: -a — . central, komiti ya with betel). kati. central committee. . .

katu 176 kawadia kav 177 kefyakefya

kawaida*, kaida (-) 1. rule, habit, regula- ^katu* interj. no! (emph.) ^kausha (wa-), kikausha ( vi-) one who — ya kibaharia. service in the navy. tion; custom, usage; system, form, — . . brings bad luck, ill-omened person. Cf. scheme. mfanya worker, fanya — to work. 2. norm, standard, mambo ya — . an ordi- shika — . go to work. katua clean, polish, shine up. — fedha. kauka. loc. kazini. at nary, everyday matter, fuata-. follow/ work. 2. business, affairs. — ya bahari. polish silver, appl. katulia. intr. katuka. comply with a rule/custom, —a — , kwa—. naval affairs. 3. product of (skilled) Cf. kwatua. kauta (— ) dust, grit. regular, ordinary, usual, kamiti ya — work, art, decoration, kanzu ya — deco-

standing committee. Cf. kiada. rated (embroidered) kanzu. 4. duty, obli- kauka become dry, dry up. nchi imekauka. *-kavu, kafu adj. 1. dry, dried up. kuni — gation. 5. specialty. Cf. kaza (?). The ground is dried up. fig. sauti imem- dry firewood, mto mkavu. a dried-up kawe (vi-) see kiwe. kauka. He is hoarse (lit.: his voice has stream. 2. fig. sarcastic; deceitful, ( karo 'nia-^ see mka dried

kayamba (— ) rattle. be like dish and lid (j'.e., live in harmony kecha (— ) jealousy, envy. kauli* (— ) 1, expression, voice, kwa — with each other). moja. unanimous. 2. advice; prescription, kayaya (— ) rare trouble, difficulty. kedhabu* (— ) see kadhabu. regulation; report. = ( matata.) kawa (— ) mold, mildew, blight. kefiakefia see kefyakefya. kaumu* (— ) 1. crowd, mass. — ya watu. a kaza, (caus. kasa of *kaa?) ] . fasten {and appl. kawia) be delayed, tarry, gathering of people. 2. representative, ^kawa tighten, make fast, hold tight. — kamba. be late, be in arrears, appl.-caus. kefu!* (also kefule, sefule) interjection delegate. linger, fasten, pull tight a rope/cord. — sukurubu. kawilisha. keep back, hold up, delay. of surprise/disgust/indignation. 1. Shame! exert pressure. 2. exert oneself, intensify caus. kawisha. put off, postpone, ad- You scoundrel! 2. It is not worth men- kaumwa (ma-) kaumwa (root of the mkaumwa one's efforts. — (mwendo) mbio. move dysentery). journ. Cf. ukawiaji. tioning. tree, serving as a medicine for faster, run. fig. persist, insist on. appl.

kazia macho, fix the eyes on something. kauri*, Llnd.J ) cowrie shell. kawadi*, kuwadi (— ) procurer, pimp. kaure (— ass. kazana. hold together. Cf. kikaza, kefu* see kifu. Cf. kawadia, mkuwadi. vyombo vya — . porcelain, china. Cf. kikazo, mkazo.

kaule. kefule!* interj. see *kefu.

kawadia* procure, pander. Cf. kawadi. kazi (— ) 1. work, employment, occupation;

^kausha caus. of kauka. (military) service. — ya kulima. agricul- kefyakefya, kefiakefia torment, annoy, vex,

tural work. — ya hiari. voluntary work. tease; nag; discourage, depress (- sum- bua, tesa, chokoza, udhi.) . . .

kejekeje 178 kengeua kens 179 kete

adj., rare loose, slack. (- kejekeje pwaya, kengewa . ^kema take off, peel (fruits). (-) ornith. African kite. (= mwevve.) 2 _ kereng ende ( } d nfly . legea.)

kerne (— ) call, shout. Cf. kemea. kengeza squint. 1. 2. (ma-) cross-eyed kereza, keleza 1. saw, file, rasp, abrade, kejeli* deride, mock, make fun of someone; condition, convergence. m i u mwenye make- grind, fig. — meno. grind the teeth. slander, malign. kemea scold, reprimand (someone). a ngeza. squinting/cross-eyed person. 2. turn (on a lathe). Cf. kerezo, mkereza. *kema, kerne, kemeo, ukemi. Cf. 3. adj. squinting/cross-eyed. mac ho ma-

kekee (— ) drill, auger, brace and bit. kengeza. squinting eyes. Cf. makengeza. kerezo (ma-) lathe. Cf. kereza. kemeo (ma-) rare rebuke, reprimand; warn-

threat. kemea. = ing, Cf. 2ken geza caus. kekee (— ) broad silver bracelet. ( kikuku, of kenga. kerimu* see karimu, kirimu.

bangiti, urembo.,1 — Ikenda num. (arch., dial.) nine, —a ken>ekenye adv. completely, absolutely, kcro (ma-) unrest, disturbance; annoyance, = keketa cut (by sawing back and forth, as with ninth. ( tisa.) unconditionally. teasing. Cf. kera.

a dull knife). — meno. grit/grind one's

kenyo kerosini* LEngl. J (— ) rare kerosine, teeth. Cf. mkeketo. ^kenda (< ka-enda) see ka and enda. (— ) rare excuse, evasion. (= da- nganyo. zuzuio.) lamp oil.

kekevu, chechevu (— ) hiccup(s). fanya — kende (ma-) anat. scrotum, (pi.) testicles.

have the hiccups. Kepi* lEngl.l sing. Cape (of Good Hope). kesha 1. be awake, not sleep, have insom-

kenga deceive, dupe, cheat, hoax, bam- nia, nimekesha usiku kucha nikisoma.

kepteni* I spent the whole night reading, appl. keki* LEngl.l (-) cake, pastry. boozle, appl. kengea. intr. kengeka. lEngl.2 (ma-) see kapteni. keshea. stay up with, watch caus. kengeza. over. = kera torment, bother, keshea na mgonjwa. stay up with a sick kelb* (— ) rare dog. ( mbwa.) Cf. kalab. tease, worry. Cf. kero, mkero. person, caus. keshesha, kesheza. kenge, mburukenge (— ) monitor lizard

kelele (ma-) (also ukelele, -, ma-) noise, (Varanus niloticus). 2. (ma-) insomnia; night-watch, vigil. kerani* Cf. kesho, mkesha. shouting, tumult, uproar, piga — . be (ma-) see karani. a noisy, shout, scream, nena kwa — . inter- kengee (-) [also ukengee) 1. blade (of kesho 1. (-) the Quiet! spearhead. 2. ray of next day. 2. adv. to- rupt, interject, inter), kelele! knife or sword), kereketa scratch, cause irritation, prickle, morrow. — kutwa, day after tomorrow. sema kwa -. talk loudly. the sun, sunbeam. - za jua. sunrise. cause a rough feeling (in the throat), fig. Cf. kesha. irritate, vex, anger, habari hii inani- ma-) bell, piga (gonga) -. keleli see keti. kengele (-, kereketa sana This report made me very kesi* [.Engl. J (-) case (at law). - ya ring (a bell). angry, appl, kereketea. jinai. criminal case. keleza see kereza. kengemeke rare rebuke, reprimand; accuse. ^kereketa (-) rancid oil. keta rare knock someone down, injure kem* adv. how much? how many? what (= suta, laumu, shutumu, shtaki.) someone. amount? koremkerem (-) ornith. keremkcrem (kind kengeua deviate, diverge, turn aside/ off. of bird, Merops), — depart from/turn off a path/road. kete (— ) 1. small cowrie shell. 2. a game ^kerna dial, shout, roar, yell, scream, appl. njia. played with these shells, kengeuka. caus. kengeusha. pass. meno kama — kemea. scold, caus. kemesha, kemeza. intr. kereng'ende (-) ornith. (kind of) partridge, teeth like cowrie shells (a high compli- kengeuliwa. Cf. ukengef'u. francolin. ment). .

180 kiango keti kiane 181 kibanda

Persian language. 2. adv. kiangu (vi-) kiangu kitini. sit Kiajemi* 1. sing. (kind of fish). kiatu keti {rare keleti) sit down. — (vi-) sandal, shoe. - cha ngozi. in the Persian manner. Cf. Mwajemi, — . Please be leather down in a chair, tafadhali shoe. - chepesi. slipper, mshona kiangushio (vi-) caus. ketisha. Uajemi. parachute. Cf. angua. (mshoni seated. oppZ. ketia. wa) -. shoemaker. Cf. Ikwata, keep someone from leaving; preserve, kwato, liwata. kiama* (-) see kiyama. kiapo (vi-) 1. oath, apa (fanya, protect, pass, ketiwa. Cf. kaa (?). shika) -. swear an oath. - cha uwongo. perjury. kiazi (vi-) sweet potato. - sena (kindoro). also lia -. kiamba (vi-) see mwamba. take an oath. Cf. Ma. white (red) sweet - keu: kupiga — . chew the cud. Cf. cheu. potato. kikuu. yam. 2. myth, test, trial by ordeal, la -. — cha kizungu. European potato. kiambaza, kiwambaza, kiyambaza (vi-) subject oneself to a trial by ordeal. ^keu a cut made with an ax (in order to (outer) wall (made of earth and rubble); — cha moto. trial bv fire. Cf. ana 1 straighten a pole; see keua). kibaba* (vi-) kibaba (unit of weight or ca- (in gen.) wall (of a house). Cf. wamba. pacity: about 700 g. or .56 liters), prov.: Kiarabu* 1. sing, the Arabic language. to haba na haba hujaza -. Little keua cut a notch (in a pole, in order household, housekeep- 2. adv. by little kiambo (vi-) rare 1. in the Arab manner. 3.: -a -. serviceable fills the measure. straighten it and make it for 2. village. adj. Arabic, ing, household furnishings. Arabian, Arab. Cf. Mwarabu, building after a wedge has been inserted). Uarabu. ^kibaba kiamerika*, kiamerikani, kimarekani [Engl. J: (vi-) dimin. of ^baba. khalifa* (-) see halifa. . kiarif'a* —a — . adj. (vi-) gramm. verb. Cf. arifu.

kibafute (vi-) kibafute (a children's game in khasara* (-) see hasara. which the identity kiamerikani* see kiamerika. kiarusi* sing.: ana -. He trembles. of an object hidden in the hand Cf. arusi. must be guessed at). (vy-) *kia (vi-) 1. bolt, latch (on a door). 2. anat. kiamshakinywa (vi-), chamshakinywa kibago (vi-) stool. joint. breakfast. Cf. amka, kinywa. kiasi* (— ) 1. measure, price, value, amount. - gani? What is the price? How much does kibahaluli* Kiamu sing. Old Swahili (the language of (vi-) rare 1. small torch, paper ^kia, kiwa step over, pass, cross, isiokia. it cost? - cha sehemu. math, numerator, Lamu preserved in literary works). spill. 2. foolish/stupid person. impassable. Cf. kiuka. bila -. without measure, inexact; immod-

erate, 2. fig. moderation, temperance. kibakuli* kiangazi (vi-) clearing up (of the (vi-) see bakuli. clear, distinct, sema — kianga, kwa kiada* adj. plain, -. moderately, temperately. 3. adv. weather, after rain), pigwa na -. clear speak slowly and clearly. Cf. kawaida. a little, somewhat; for a short time. up. Cf. angaa. ^kibali* see kubali. tembea — . go walking for a short time. kiafrika* [EnglJ adj.: -a -. African. - macho, reward for finding kiangaza (vi-): kibali* Cf. Afrika. kiasi* sing, see ukubali. (— ) mil. charge, round (of ammuni- something lost {lit.: eye-brightener). tion); cartridge. Cf. risasi. agreement, con- Cf. angaa. kiaga (vi-) dial, promise, kibama (vi-) kibama (cake made of flour 9 tract. Cf. aga. and bananas). kiaskari*: -a -. adj. military, utumishi kiangazi (vi-) see kianga. wa -. military service. Cf. askari. see agano. kiagano (vi-) kibanawasi* (vi-) liter, rabbit, hare. holder. (vi-) arch, lampstand, lamp kiango Cf. Abunuwasi. kiatomiki* [Engl.]: -a-, atomic. Cf. kiago (vi-) rare departure, farewell. Cf. ^anga. atomiki. Cf. ^ga. kibanda, kijibanda (vi-) {dimin. ofbanda)

1. hut, shed, lean-to; pavilion. 2.: —

cha uso. rare, forehead. kibaniko 182 kibibi kibinadamu 183 kibumba

kibaniko (vi-) 1. (roasting) spit. 2. recent kibatobato (vi-) see batobato. kibinadamu*: —a — , adj. human, natural. kiboko* L Pers.? J (vi-) 1. hippopotamus. toaster. Cf. bana. Cf. binadamu, ubinadamu. 2. whip made of hippopotamus hide. kibavu, kibavubavu, kiubavubavu adv. on/at/ 3. zigzag embroidery around the neck of kibano (vi-) see 3. to the side, sideways. Cf. ubavu. mbano kibindo (vi-), bindo (ma-) fold of the loin- a kanzu.

cloth used for carrying money or tobacco. = Kibanyani* Llnd. J sing, language of the kibe (— ) rare noise, shouting. ( ukelele.) kibole (vi-) anat. appendix.

Banyan i . (q.v.) kibinja (vi-) whistle (sound or instrument). kibeberu 1. (vi-) dimin. ofbeberu. 2. —a—. Cf. ubinja. kibonge (vi-) {dimin. of bonge) pharm. kibanzi (vi-) 1. splinter, chip, shaving, adj. dictatorial, imperialistic. Cf. be- rare: tablet, pill, capsule. vibanzi vua beru, ubeberu. msumeno. sawdust. 2. fig. kibiongo (vi-) one who stoops when he walks, pointed instrument: skewer, etc. bana. Cf. a person bent over by age or illness. kibri* (vi-) see kiburi.

kibemasa (— ) children's game (hide-and- kibao (vi-) (dimin. of bao) 1. small board, seek). kibirikizi (vi-) summons, appeal, proclama- kibriti* (vi-) see kiberiti. tray, salver. 2. slate fused by school- tion, piga — , announce, proclaim. children). kibepari* Llnd.j (vi-) (petty) bourgeoisie. ^kibua (vi-) kibua (a small fish). Cf. bepari, ubepari. kibiriti*, kiberiti, kibrili (vi-) 1. sulfur. kibapara (vi-) 1. old, worn-out article of 2. match, ganda la — . matchbox, washa "kibua (vi-) 1. something light/pithy. clothing. 2. pejor. poor person, beggar. kiberenge* (vi-) 1. small locomotive (nar- — . strike a match. 2. dishonest 2. dimin. of bua. 3. kind of cap. row-gage). fig. deceiver, person. 3. rare prostitute. kibisi (vi-) ornith. kibisi (species of grebe, kibubutu (vi-) rare 1. tree-stump. 2. fig. kibaraka* (vi-) vassal, lackey; (comm.) re- dabchick). stump of an amputated limb. Cf. butu, actionary. Cf, baraka. kiberiti* (— ) see kibiriti. butua. kibia*, kibula (— ) 1. Isl. direction of prayer kibaramwezi (vi-) windmill (children s toy). kibete (vi-) see kibeti. (toward Mecca). 2. part of a mosque where kibudu* adv.: fa — . die a natural death. (= kititia 2.) the imam stands. 3. north, tiyumba yangu kibeti, kibweti, kibete (vi-) person or animal inatazama — . My house faces north. Cf. size, dwarf, midget, kibuhudi* (vi-) see kibuhuti. kibarango (vi-) {dimin. mbarango) 1. short, of less than normal of kahili. thick stick. 2. short, heavyset person. bantam, pygmy. kibuhuti*, kibuhudi (vi-) 1. grief, care, kibobwe (vi-) see kibwebwe. {dimin. bia) 1. small trouble, shikwa na — . have troubles. kibarua* (vi-) {dimin. of barua) 1. {also kibia (vi-) of a pot. 2. foreboding, presentiment. kijibarua) slip of paper, card. 2. irregular earthenware pot. 2. lid of such kibofu (vi-) anat. (urinary) bladder. Cf. bofu.

employment, kazi ya — . work by the day. (vi-) {dimin. bibi) kibula* (vi-) see kibia. 3. worker who has no permanent employ- kibibi* LPers.J of kibogoshi (vi-) small traveler's bag. mistress (eldest daughter the ment, day laborer. 4. employment (in gen.). 1. young of (kind of house). 2. liter, princess. 3. young kibuluu* [Engl.! 1. (-) kibuluu — . has no employment at siku hizi hana He kibogoyo (vi-) 1. toothless person. 2. one hen, peahen, female parrot; (in gen.) manioc). 2. adj. see buluu. present, is unemployed. who makes others laugh but does not laugh peacock (- tausi). 4. numbness, going himself, funnyman, (writer of a kibumba, kipumba (vi-) {dimin. of bumba) [ Pers. J (vi-) small oil lamp. to sleep (of the feet). kibatari* humorous column in a newspaper, etc.); lump, ball; (small) package, packet; paper (sometimes dcrog.) card,' box. . .

184 kichalichali kichane 185 kichocheo kibunzi

] kichane (vi-) 1. splinter, shaving. 2. bunch kichele (dial, kichelele) adv. 1. naked, kibunzi (vi-) corncob. (- gunzi.) kibwebwe, kibobwe (vi-) (white) loincloth fruit). chana. bare, bald. 2. well-defined, clear, (worn by women). (of Cf. fig. plain, ameniambia — sana. He spoke to ^kibunzi, kigunzi (vi-) end of the year, last kichangamko (vi-) see ehangamko. me very plainly. kibwengo (vi-) 1. evil sea spirit. 2. dance day of the year* performed in exorcising spirits. kichangamsha (vi-): — kinywa. a confection kichelele see kichele.

^kibunzi (vi-) kibunzi (children's game). (served before the main part of a meal). kibweti (vi-) see kibeti. Cf. changamka. ^kichelema (vi-) watery manioc (or potatoes). kiburi*, kibri (— ) pride, arrogance, presump- kibwiko (vi-) 1. deformed or mutilated foot, tion, conceit, fanya (onyesha, wa na) — kichanganyiko (vi-) math, multiplier; pro- r Inhfnnt (= kiguu). 2. a person with ^kichelema (vi-) see kiselema. 1 be proud/arrogant/conceited, anaweza duct (of multiplication). Cf. changa. mlu such a deformity. kuwa na — bila ya kukionyesha kila siku. *kichembe (vi-) see kitembe. A person can be proud without showing it kichango (vi-) collection (of money), changa kicha (vi-) bunch, bundle (usually of palm-

every day. Cf. takabari. — . contribute to a collection. changa. leaf strips, used for plaiting mats). Cf. ^kichembe (vi-) see ^chembe. kiburu (— ) dial. - kibuyu. kichanio (vi-) see kichanuo. kichaa sing, mental disorder, insanity. = kichinichini adv. underhandedly, secretively, ( wazimu.) ana — . He is deranged/ kiburudishaji* a kichanja (vi-) dimin. chanja. disingenuously. Cf. chini. (vi-) cool and refreshing insane. of confection served as dessert. Cf. baridi,

burudi. kichanuo, kichanio, kitana (vi-) (dimin. kichinja (vi-): — (or kitinda) mimba. the kichaani (vi-) hot. kichaani (annual grass, of chanuo) comb. ''chana. last child to whom a woman gives birth. Striga elegans). Cf. kiburudisho* (vi-) 1. rest, relaxation, re- — udhia. a weed (Dissotis prostrata)

freshment, recreation, recuperation. 2. re- kichea sing., rare 1. dawn. 2. clearing up used as a remedy for headache. Cf. kichaazi (vi-) kichaazi (variety of banana). lief, alleviation (of pain). 3. flavor, (after a rain). Cf. cha. chinja.

savor. baridi, burudi. Cf. kichaga (vi-), uchaga, uchala (— ) con- kichinjo (vi-) see mchinjo. tainer for storing grain (on a raised plat- kicheche (vi-) dimin. of ^cheche. kiburuta (vi-) (kind of) fan (usually made of form). kichipukizi (vi-) 1. sprout, shoot. 2. fig.: tin and used to fan a fire). Cf. burura. Inkichefuchefu sing. see kitefutefu. mtu huyu ni — tu. This person is as yet kichaka (vi-) (dimin. of ^chaka) 1. thicket, undeveloped (is still at the beginning of kibuyu {dial, kiburu) (vi-) {dimin. of buyu) bushes, shrubbery. 2. group of trees,, kichefuchefu sing, nausea, seasickness. his career). Cf. chipua. (small variety of) calabash. grove. coll. nina — . I feel sick. Cf. chefua.

kicho (vi-) 1. fear, anxiety, timidity. kibuzi (vi-) see mbuzi. kichala (vi-) bunch (of fruit). kichekesho (vi-) amusement, entertainment, 2. something arousing fear; danger, diversion, fun. Cf. cheka. peril. Cf. cha. kibwana (vi-) (dimin. of bwana) 1. young kichali, kichalichali (rare chali) adv. master (eldest son of the house). 2. liter. backwards, on the back, lala — . lie on kicheko (vi-) laugh, smile, grin, angua — a prince. kichocheo (vi-) 1. poker (for stirring one's back. burst out laughing. Cf. ^eheka. fire). 2. fig. a quarrelsome person.

kibwanyenye (vi-) (petty) bourgeoisie. kichalichali see kichali. Cf. chocha. . .

186 kichocho Kidachi kidaka 187 kidimu

kichocho (vi-) med. bilharzia. chocha. kichujio (vi-) dimin. chujio. Cf. of ^kidaka (vi-) coconut (in the first stages of kidawati* (vi-) see dawati. growth). kichochoro (vi-), chochoro (ma-), mchochoro kichumba (dimin. of chumba) (vi-) compart- kidazi sing, baldness, bald spot, bald head. (mi-), uchochoro ment, cab. — cha dreva. cab a loco- (ma-) narrow passage, (of = ^kidaka (vi-) 1. niche. 2. anat. throat. ( upaa.) alley (between houses). motive). — tonge. anat. uvula. Cf. daka.

kidei (— ) see kideri. kichogo (vi-) see kisogo. *kichungu: coll. niliwakuta watu — . I met a kidako (vi-) kidako (kind of fish). tremendous crowd of people. Cf. ''chungu. kidemokrasi* LEngl.J adj.: —a — . demo- kichokoo (vi-) 1. dimin. of mchokoo. kidalali* (vi-) (dimin. of dalali) agent, cratic, jamhuri ya — . democratic republic, 2. spur (on a boot). Cf. chokoa. ^kichungu adv. sharply, bitterly, caustically. henchman. sheria za — . democratic laws. Cf. ^chungu. kichoma (vi-): — mguu (nguo). 1. a shrub kideri, kidei (— ) 1. cattle plague, rinder- *kidamu* (— ) naut., rare bow (= (Bidens pilosa, Bidens leucantha). 2. an onto, gu- J ^kichungu, kijungu (vi-) (dimin. of chungu) pest. 2. disease of chickens. beti.) Cf. kadamu. annual plant (Heteropogon contortus). Cf. small cooking pot. 2choma. kidete adv. firmly. ^kidamu* rare - takadamu. ^kichungu (vi-) tuft (of grass). kichomi, kichomo (vi-) sharp (pricking/stab- kidevu (vi-) anat. chin, ndevu za —

bing) pain, twinge, stitch, ana — . He has kidanga (vi-) 1. unripe fruit. 2. adj. goatee. Cf. udevu. kichwa, kitwa (vi-) 1. head. - kikubwa. sharp pains/twinges. Cf. Ichoma. mchungwa — . unripe orange. arrogance, presumption, jipa (pata) — kidhabidhabina* (vi-) see mdhabidhabina. be proud/arrogant/presumptuous, wa na kidani (vi-) necklace. kichomo (vi-) see kichomi. (fanya) — . be obstinate/recalcitrant. kidhi* grant, bestow, lend, present, confer; ana — (kizuri). He is intelligent, nina kidaraja* (vi-) sport steeplechase, hurdle- ^kichomo (vi-) rare (process, manner of) satisfy. — maombi. grant a request. appL (naumvva) — or — kinaniwanga. I have a race, obstacle-race. Cf. daraja. burning, cauterization. 'xb.oma. kidhia. caus. kidhisha. pass, kidhiwa. Cf. headache, fig. — cha gari la moshi. lo- Cf. mkidhi. comotive, coll. — chini miguu juu. up- kidari (vi-) breast, breastbone (usually of kichongochongo see kitongo. side down, topsy-turvy. 2. upper part, animals or birds), coll. toa — . be con- kidifu* (vi-) see difu. main part. loc. kichwani. upper top, ceited/egotistical. kichopa (vi-) small bundle. Cf. chopa. end. — cha maneno. book title. — cha kidiku (vi-) fragment, scrap. mlima. top of a mountain. 3. important kidato (vi-) 1. notch (cut in the trunk of a kichoro (vi-) small, illegible handwriting. person, leader. 4. adv.: kichwa kichwa. palm-tree as an aid for climbing). 2. rung kidimbwi, kidumbwi (vi-) (dimin. dimbwi) Cf. chora, mchoro. headlong, head over heels. of (of a ladder). pool, puddle.

'palm- kichozi (vi-) 1. kichozi (kind of bird: kichwamgomba, kitwamgomba (vi-) somer- kidau* (vi-) dimin. dau. wine drinker'). 2. heavy drinker, of fig. sault. kidimu (vi-): — msitu. wild lemon tree. drunkard, coll.: huyu — sana. He is a

drinker. 2 kidau* (vi-) see heavy Cf. cn0 zi. [Germ.] arch. 1. sing. German kidawa. Kidachi* kidimu (vi-) kidimu (a chicken with ruffled

language. 2.: —a — . adj. German. feathers or a bare neck). 9 kisugulu (vi-) ant/termite kidawa*, kichuguu, kisuguu, (- Kijeremani.) Cf. Dachi. kidau (vi-): — cha wino. inkwell. hill. Cf. chuguu. .

188 kidingapopo kidus kifafa kiduka 189

kidingapopo (vi-) med. dengue fever (tropical mwenye -. gourmet. 3. red. kidomodomo. intermittent fever). kiduka* (vi-) small shop/business. kiendeleo, kiendelezo (vi-) progress, ad- adv.: ana kidomodomo. He talks continu- Cf. duka. vance. enda, endeleo. ously. Cf. kidiplomasi* _ (vi-) LEngl.~]: a _, agj% diplo- kiduku* LAfr. J kiduku (duiker, small

matic, mtumewa— . diplomatic courier. antelope). kiendelezo (vi-) see kiendeleo. kidonda (vi-) see donda.

kidiri (— ) squirrel. (= kindi.) kidumbwi (vi-) see kidimbwi. kieneo (vi-) see eneo. i kidondo (vi-) {usually vidondo) shaving(s);

firewood, kindling. kidirisha* (vi-) ventilator. dirisha. = kienezo (vi-) see chenezo. Cf. ^kidundu (vi-) forehead. ( kipaji.)

2l:j o_j t„;_\ „ _ u33C i kidividivi (vi-) earring. kienge (vi-; see mwenge. kidundu (vi-) see dundu.

kidonge (vi-) {dimin. of donge) 1. small kidogo adv. a little, some, not much, few. kienyeji sing.: —a — . peculiar to or limited kidungadunga (vi-) boring insect, weevil. piece/lump, globule. 2. pharm. tablet, — . maji — . some water, a little water. to a country, national, nguo za na- Cf. *dunga. pill. vita — . civil ekundu — . reddish, bado — . soon. Ted. tional dress/costume, vya

war. enye, mwenye ji. kidogo kidogo, kidogodogo. very little, not = Cf. kidurango (vi-) rare dwarf. ( mbilikitno, kidotia, kilotia (vi-) child's cap. much at all. Cf. dogo. kibeti.) *kifa (vi-) mil. nipple (of a musket), firing kidoto (vi-) 1. blinker, blinder kidokezi (vi-) see kidokezo. (fastened pin, detonator. kid urazi (vi-) see kidurus over a camel's eyes). 2. fig., coll. kidokezo, kidokezi (vi-) suggestion, proposal; funda — . follow blindly. kidurusi, kidurazi (vi-) dial, termite hill. ^kifa (vi-) dying, death. Cf. fa. hint, allusion; advice. dokeza. Cf. = ( chuguu.) '"kidoto (vi-) (small) drinking cup, goblet. kifaa (vi-) 1. implement, utensil, apparatus, *kidoko (vi-) 1. click (of the tongue), piga equipment, material, vifaa vya kuoga kidusi (— ) 1. acrid odor, {e.g., of game, (vi-) {dimin. dude) 1. trifle; — . to click. 2. ling, click (consonant). kidude* of fish). 2. in gen. unusual smell/taste. equipment for washing, vifaa vya nyumbani. undefinable thing, what's-its-name, thing- lugha yenye vidoko. language with click household implements. 2. (us. pi.)

consonants. 3. hint, sign. dokeza, umbob; gadget, device, instrument, Cf. kiduta (vi-) prominence, height, hill. counter (small object used in teaching knob. 2. something unknown/mysterious/ arithmetic, etc.). Cf. faa. frightening. — gani hili? What in the ^kidoko (vi-) kidoko (kind of fish). kieleaji (vi-) something which floats; (pi.) world is this object? flotsam. Cf. elea. kifabakazi (vi-) bot. Nandi flame tree kidole (vi-) finger, toe. Also: — cha tnkono. (Spathodea nilotica). kidudu*, kijidudu (vi-) {dimin. of *mdudu) finger. — cha mguu. toe. — cha gumba. kielekezo (vi-) sign, indication, hint. Cf. microbe, germ. cough. thumb. — shahada. index finger. — cha elea, elekea. kifaduro (vi-) med. whooping

kati. middle finger. — cha kati ya kando. kidudusi (vi-) 1. spot, speck. 2. med. kifafa (vi-) med. convulsion, spasm, fit; ring finger. — cha mvvisho. little finger. kielelezo (vi-) see kielezo.

pimple, rash. Cf. duduka. epilepsy, mwenye — . an epileptic, Cf. dole, udole.

— . be epileptic, have a kielezo, kielelezo (vi-) explanation; pattern, amepata (ugua) kidomo (vi-) 1. dimin. of mdomo. 2. dainti- kidugu, kindugu 1. (vi-) dimin. of ndugu. model, form; example, illustration. Cf. fit of epilepsy. ness, fastidiousness (with respect to food). 2. adv. in a brotherly way. pendana — elea. love each other like brothers. . .

kifalr 190 kifua kifua 191 kifunifuni

kifalme adj. & adv. royal(ly). nguo ya — kifichifichi see kifichoficho. kifuasi (vi-) 1. succession, series, se- kifundo (vi-) (dimin. of fundo) 1. knot, regal clothing. Cf. mfalme, ufalme. quence 2. (of numbers). even number. Cf. piga — . tie a knot. 2. anat. joint. kificboficho, kifichifichi adv. stealthily, in fuata. — cha mkono. wrist. — cha mguu. ankle, kifandugu (— ) anat. coccyx. secret, maneno ya — . intrigues. Cf. heel. loc. kifundoni. up to the ankles. ficha. kifudifudi see fudifudi. 3„ tassel. Cf. funda, fundika. kifani (vi-) see kifano.

kifidio* (vi-) see fidia. kifufu (vi-) see kifuu. kifunga (vi-) 1. rare something used for kifano, kifani (vi-) similar thing, equal, tying/fastening. — mbuzi. a short-lived

match, haina — . It is unequaled/unique kifijo (vi-) (usually vifijo) applause, joyful kifuka (vi-) hot. kifuka (a shrub, V erononia variety of grass (Eleusine indica). nr r p r ...... _ cinerea). 2°: — stimu. elec. fuse. (- falaki.)

Cf. Ifunga. kifaranga* [ Port. J (vi-) (dimin. of Ma- kifiko (vi-) time of arrival; place where one kifukizo, kivukizo (vi-) smoking, fumigation, ranga) young bird, chick. arrives, destination. Cf. fika. burning of incense; fumigating material, kifungo (vi-) 1. (act of, method of) fasten-

incense. Cf. *fuka. ing. 2. fastener (button, buckle, clasp, Kifaransa* 1. sing. . kifisifisi adv. like a hyena; (fig.) secretly, etc.). 3. confinement, prison; jail sen-

2.: —a — . adj. French. Cf. Faransa, surreptitiously. Cf. fisi. kil'uko (vi-) (dimin. of mfuko). 1. pouch, tence, peleka (tia) kifungoni). put into Mfaransa, Ufaransa. small bag/sack. — cha fedha or cha ku- prison. 4. typ. parenthesis, bracket, kifo (vi-) death, dying, manner of death. tilia fedha. purse. 2. anat. tonsil. andika vifungoni. put in parentheses. kifarasi* adj. & adv. like a horse; at a gal- — chake kilituhuzunisha. His death has 3. red.: kifukofuko. cocoon (of an insect). Cf. * funga. distressed us. — lop, galloping, enda mbio — . run at a prov. cha wengi arusi.

gallop. Cf. farasi. The dying of many is like a wedding kifuku (vi-) the hot rainy season. fuka. kifungu (vi-) (dimin. of Mungu) small por- = Cf. ( the awareness of working in common tion; paragraph, section, article (of a law, kifaru (vi-) {or augment, faru) 1. rhinoceros. for a good cause gives one strength). kifuli (vi-) see kivuli. constitution, etc.); (mus.) measure. Cf. fa. 2. fig., mil. tank, bunduki ya kupigia vi-

faru. antitank gun. 3. —a vifaru. adj. kifulifuli see fudifudi. kifungua (vi-) something that opens or un- kikundi cha vifaru. armored bat- armored, *kifu 1. (vi-) something dead (decayed, de- fastens. — kopo. can opener. — kinywa.

talion. composed), carrion. 2. adv. as if dead. breakfast. — kifumba (vi-) [dimin. of ^fumba) small sack mimba. firstborn child. lala — . sleep very soundly. Cf. fa. made of matting. — mkoba. hist, payment to a medicine that which feigns kifauwongo (vi-) (lit. man for discovering the cause of an illness

death; cf. 2|dfa, uwongo) 1. mimosa ^kifu*, kefu 1. be enough, suffice, chakula kifumbazi (vi-) see *kivumbasi. — miango. gift made by the bridegroom to 2. kifauwongo (a shrub, (Mimosa pudica). chako kimenikifu. Your food has satisfied those who, on his wedding day, open the Biophytum sensitivum). 3. (kind of) weevil door to the room of the bride. funga. me (I cannot eat any more), appl. kifia. kifumbu (vi-) filter, sieve (of matting or Cf. death when (or other insect which feigns kifia haja. satisfy desires. 2 someone's basketwork). Cf. fumba, kifumba. touched). 2. sing, sufficiency, plenty, abundance. kifunguo (vi-) 1. dimin. of ufunguo.

2. skeleton key. Cf. funga. kifumufumu (vi-) rare kifumufumu (kind of 1. = ufefe. 2. weak/useless kifefe* (vi-) kifua (vi-) breast, chest men); breast- = (of manioc). ( muhogo.) person. kifunifuni see fudifudi. bone, hawezi — . he coughs. — kikuu.

med. tuberculosis. See also mafua. vva — 2 kifundi: —a — . technical, msaada kifia appZ. of kifu. technical assistance. Cf. "funda, fundi. . .

kigeni 193 kifuniko 192 kigelegele igugumizi

— kigeni: —a . adj. foreign, maneno ya — kigogo. 1. (vi-) dimin. of gogo. 2. adv.: kifuniko (vi-) 1. cover, lid, screen. — cha Kigana* VEngl.^'. —a—. Ghanaian. a foreign language. Cf. geni. lala (kama) — . sleep very soundly. chungu. potlid. — cha saa. case of a

watch. — cha taa. lampshade, globe. *kiganda (vi-) dimin. of Uganda. kigeregenja (vi-) see kigereng'enza. kigogota, kigotagota, kigong'ota, king'oto 2. fig. concealment, refuge, hiding-place. (vi-) woodpecker. Cf. gogota. Cf. funika. ^Kiganda: —a—, adj. pertaining to/char- kigereng enza, kigeregenja (vi-) splinter, acteristic of the Baganda. fragment, chip, shaving. kigoli, kigori (vi-) young girl (before men- kifunuo (vi-) uncovering, revealing. Cf. struation). funua. kigango (vi-) dimin. of gango. kigesi, kigezi (vi-), kugesi (— ) anklet.

kigoma (vi-) (dimin. ngoma) small drum, l,;{\. lit„ (o of = ( v ;_) -oir.ted stake thrust in the kiganja, kiganya (vi-), ganja (ma-) palm of kigeugeu (vi-) 1. inconstant/fickle person. tambourine. husks of ground, used for stripping off the = 9 the hand. ( kitanga.) = 2. chameleon. ( kinyonga). 3. adj. & coconuts). Cf. fua, adv. inconstant, changeable, vacillating, kigomba (vi-) (dimin. of mgomba) young kigao (vi-) (dimin. ngao) (small) shield, of fickle, fanyia fulani — . make someone banana plant. kifupi adv. briefly, in brief. Cf. fupi. screen. vacillate/waver. Cf. geua.

kigombegombe (vi-) kigombegombe (kind of kifusi (vi-) see fusi. (vi-): — forearm. kigasha cha mkono. kigezi (vi-) see kigesi. fish). kifuu, kifufu (vi-) l.( empty) shell of the kigawanye, kigawe (vi-) math, dividend. kigezo* \_Pers.j (vi-) 1. pattern (for cutting kigongo (vi-) see kijongo. coconut. 2. rare: — cha yai. eggshell. 10. Forty is a multiple 40 ni kigawe cha clothes). 2. measuring rod, yardstick. l Cf. fuu. of ten. Cf. gawa. Cf. geza. kigong'ota (vi-) see kigogota. kifyonza: —{or mfyonza) vumbi (vi-) vacuum kigawanyo, kigawo (vi-) division, distribu- kigingi, kigwingwi (vi-) peg, stake, post kigono (vi-) resting place, shelter, camp. cleaner. Cf. fyonza. tion; (math.) divisor. Cf. gawa. (for tying animals). Cf. gona. kiga (vi-) dial, thigh (of an animal), shank, kigawe (vi-) see kigawanye. Kigiriki* LEngl.j 1. sing, (modern) Greek kigori (vi-) see kigoli. = . ( paja.) language. 2. adv. in the Greek manner.

kigawo (vi-) see kigawanyo. 3.: —a — . adj. Greek. Cf. Mgiriki, kigosho (vi-) bend, crookedness, deformity. kigae, kigai (vi-) {dimin. of gae) small Ugiriki. — cha mkono. deformed arm. fragment, splinter, potsherd; (roof-)tile. kigego (vi-) 1. child that develops abnor-

mally (regarded as unluc ). 2. ky fig.: kigo pi. of ukigo. kigotagota (vi-) see kigogota. (vi-) (dimin. gaga) crust, scurf, kigaga of mtoto huyu ni — sana. This child is hard scab. to bring up. Kigoa* Llnd.J 1. sing, language of the kiguba (vi-) see kikuba.

Goanese. 2.: —a — . adj. Goanese. kigagazi (vi-) nausea, seasickness. kigelegele (vi-) [also ugelegele sing.) kigugu 1. (vi-) dimin. of gugu. 2. adv. of joy (usually women, on the oc- shout of kigodo (vi-) kigodo (confection made of rice wild, in confusion, like weeds, jenga — kigai (vi-) see kigae. a returning, a birth, a wedding, casion of flour, sugar, and grated coconut). build in a disorderly fashion (not in rows). = etc.). ( kelele, shangwe, kijijo.) kigambo (vi-) controversy, controversial ques- kigoe (vi-) see kingoe. kigugumizi, kigugumiza (vi-) stuttering. tion, (point at) issue. Cf. amba. ana — . He stutters. Cf. gugumia. . ) .

195 kijicho kigumba 194 kiini kiini

kigumba (vi-) arrowhead, barb on an arrow- Kihindi* 1. sing. Hindustani (language). matter). — ya hoja. central issue. 3. re- Kijampani* sing. & adj. see Kijapani. head. 2. —a — . adj. Indian. Cf. Hindi, cent —a — . nuclear, siasa ya — . comm.

Mhindi, Uhindi. policy of nuclear blackmail, silaha za kijana (vi-) young person, boy, girl, young- kigumi (vi-) see kiguni. vi int. nuclear weapons. Cf. ini. ster, wewe — sisi ni watu wazima. You

kihongwe, kongwe (vi-) (also punda — are a youngster, (but) we are grown-ups. pack donkey. kiguni*, kigumi (vi-) {dimin. of guni) small kiini: — macho (vi-) (conjuring) trick, Cf. mwana. bag of matting (for packing dates). sleight of hand.

kijani 1. (vi-) dimin. 2. *kihori* (vi-) rare dimin. of ^hori. of jani. adv. kigunzi (vi-) 1. like grass. 3. adj. — dimin. of gunzi. 2. fig. kiinikizo (vi-) 1. heavy burden. 2. bribery, kibichi. grass- = ereen. the last day of the year. ( kibunzi.) 2 bribe. C. ir.ika. kihori* (vi-) di.aiu. uf *:.ori. kiguu (vi-) {dimin. of mguu) 1. deformed Kijapani* iEngl.J 1. sing, the kiinua: — mgongo (vi-) extra payment, bonus Japanese kihoro (vi-) grief, pain, tia — . feel grief/ foot, clubfoot. 2. lame person. language. 2.: —a — . adj. Japanese, pain. (for heavy work); tip. Cf. inua. Cf. Mjapani. kiguzo (vi-) (dimin. nguzo) 1. prop, sup- of kiisha* see kisha. kihunzi (vi-) thieves' Latin (a form of con- port, stand (for holding something). kijaruba* (vi-) see kijaluba. cealed speech in which final are 2. (cricket) stump. 3. comfort, assurance. 1. sing, (religion of) Islam. put first). Cf. kinyume 1 Kiislamu* kijembe (vi-) (dimin. of jembe) 1. small 2. adv. in the Moslem manner. 3. : —a —

kigwaru (also kinyevu) (vi-) a growth or knife, pocketknife. 2. fig. cutting/sar- kihusiano (vi-) gramm. relative afformative adj. Islamic, Moslem. Cf. Islamu, silimu. swelling on the genitals. castic language. (infix or suffix). Cf. husu.

kiitikio, kiitiko (vi-) response, repetition, kigwe (vi-) (dimin. of ugwe) string, cord; Kijeremani* L Engl. J 1. sing. German lan- kiinamizi (vi-) share of meat which the refrain. Cf. ita. tape, braid; strap; lace (of a shoe); rein. guage. 2. —a -. adj. German. Cf. Mje- butcher receives for slaughtering an animal. remani, Ujeremani. Cf. inama. kiitiko (vi-) see kiitikio. kigwingwi (vi-) see kigingi.

a kijeshi* 1.: —a — . adj. military, army... Kiingereza* 1. sing, the . kijaa (vi-) 1. millstone. 2. completely

kihanie (vi-) deserted dwelling place. korti la — . court-martial. 2. (vi-) military 2. adv. in the English manner. 3.: —a—. filled vessel. Cf. jaa. = training. ( hame, mahamc, tongo.) Cf. jeshi. adj. English. Cf. Mwingereza, Uingereza. kijakazi (vi-) (dimin. of mjakazi) hist. kiharusi*, kiarusi (vi-) med. stroke, spasm, kijia (vi-) see young slave girl. ja. kinjia. kiingiiio, kiingio (vi-) admission fee. Cf. Cf. apoplexy. ingia. kijibanda kijaluba*, kijaruba (vi-) dimin. of jaluba. (vi-) see kibanda. kiherehere (vi-) confusion, excitement. kiingio (vi-) see kiingiiio. — eha moyo. palpitation of the heart. kijibwa kijamanda* (vi-) 1. dimin. of jamanda. (vi-) little dog; (fig.) lackey, puppet. mbwa. 2. blinker, blinder (of basketwork; fast- Cf. ^kiini, kini (vi-) 1. inside, interior; pith; kihero (vi-) 1. dimin. of hero. 2. crib, ened over the eyes of camels ). kernel, nucleus. — cha matunda. kernel/ manger, trough. kijicho (vi-) 1. envy, jealousy. 2. malice, stone of fruit. — cha yai. yolk of an egg. spite. kijambia* (vi-) 1. dimin. of jambia. 2. gus- 3. malignant/envious glance, kuwa — cha jicho. anat. pupil (of the eye). — . adj. mathematical. kihesabu*: —a Cf. na — or kuwa na — rohoni. be set (of a kanzu). envious/ hesabu. 2. fig. substance, essence, gist (of a jealous. Cf. jicho. 197 kikale kijichumba 196 kijitu

kijivi 1. (vi-) (dimin. mwivi) thievish ^kijusi* (vi-) 1. bad smell. 2. impurity kijichumba (vi-) (dimin. of chumba) cubicle, ^kijinga, kijingajinga adj. stupid, foolish. of person. 2, adv. in a thievish/underhanded (period of forty days after parturition, cabin. Cf. jinga. way. Cf. iba. during which a woman is considered to be

impure). Cf. ujusi. kijidonda (vi-) {dimin. of donda) pimple, kijingajinga see kijinga. kijivu, kijivujivu adj. ash-colored, ashen, pustule. gray. Cf. jivu. kijini* (vi-) (dimin. of jini) liter, spirit, ^kijusi (vi-) dimin. of Imjusi. kijidudu (vi-) see kidudu. fairy, elf.

ki jiwe (vi-) see kiwe. kijusu (vi-) anat. foetus (of four months). kijigari* Llnd.J (vi-) (dimin. of gari) kijino (vi-) 1. dimin. of jino. 2. a small

motor scooter. fish, whitebait. 3. shrimp. kijogoo 1. (dimin. of jogoo. 2. (vi-) kiiutn (vi-) sp.p kijito. (species) of) sea-fish. 3. adv. like cocks/

roosters, shindana — . fight with kijihospitali* L Engl. J (vi-) {dimin. of hos- kijio (vi-) evening meal, dinner. Cf. ja. fig. each kijuujuu adv. 1. above, up, upwards, on other like cocks, prov. — pitali) medical station, first aid. mtu huyu ndiye top. 2. fig. superficially. Cf. juu. vva mji a kijiri (vi-) see chichiri. siku hizi. He is notorious char- acter. jogoo. kijiji (vi-) (dimin. of mji) (small) village, Cf. kijuvi 1. adj. & adv. impertinent, impudent,

= insolent, sema — . talk impudently. hamlet, ( kitongoji.) kijisanduku* (vi-) (dimin. of sanduku) mail- Kijomba Swahili box. sing. arch. (language). 2. (vi-) an impertinent child. Cf. jua, = ( Kiswahili; cf. mjomba, Ujomba.) *kijiko (vi-) (dimin. of *mwiko) spoon (dimin. pkys. (in gen.). — cha chai. teaspoon. — cha kijisehemu* (vi-) of sehemu) kikaango (vi-) (dimin. kaango) (cooking-) micron. kijongo, kigongo (vi-) (dimin. of mgongo) of chakula. tablespoon. — cha kupika.

hump, mwenye — . hunchback. pot, frying pan. serving spoon. kijisu (vi-) (dimin. of kisu) small knife.

kijoyo (vi-) (dimin. of moyo) 1. - kimoyo. kikabaila*: —a — . adj. great, important, ^kijiko (vi-) dimin. of jiko. 2. inclination, desire. serikali za — , the great powers. Cf. ka- kijitabu* (vi-) (dimin. of kitabu) 1. pamph- baila. let, brochure. 2. article, essay. kijimbi: — msitu (vi-) ornith. (species of) kijukuu (vi-) (dimin. of mjukuu) great- kingfisher. grandchild. kikabila* adj. & adv. pertaining to the kijiti (vi-) (dimin. of ^mti) 1. small tree,

people, — . people's popular, bush, shrub. 2. (small) stick, twig, piece —a ..., (vi-) (dimin. bacterium. kijimea of mmea) national. of wood, peg. kijumba (vi-) (dimin. of nyumba) small house, Cf. kabila.

hut; booth. — cha simu. telephone booth. = kijimo (vi-) dwarf. ( mbilikimo, kibeti.) kikaimati* (vi-) 1. (kind of) porridge, gruel kijito, kijuto (vi-) (dimin. of mto) small (made wheat meal). 2. (kind stream, brook, rivulet. kijumbamshale sing, (epithet applied to the) of of) pan- kijina (vi-) (dimin. of jina) gramm. pro- swallow. cake, fritter.

^kijitu (vi-) small person; (often contemptu- kijumbe (vi-) (dimin. of jumbe) intermediary kikaka 1. (vi-) haste, hurry, rush; confu- little man, wretch. mtu, jitu. kijineno (vi-) (dimin. of neno) prattling ous) Cf. in arranging a marriage, go-between. Cf. sion, disorder. 2. adv. hurriedly, (of children), tittle-tattle. Cf. ^nena. mjumbe, ujumbe. hastily. Cf. kakakaka.

kijitu: —a — . adj. huge, gigantic, ameangu-

dimin. ^kin ga. kiwa na kijitu cha jiwe. A huge stone fell kijinga (vi-) of kijungu (vi-) see 4|d c |lun gU> kikale adj. & adv. ancient, archaic; old- on him. Cf. jitu. fashioned, obsolete. Cf. kale. .

kikirika 199 kikongo kikalio 198 kikiri

kikirika* wrestle, fight; push, shove. Cf. ki- kikoloni* {Engl. J- —a — . colonial, seri- kikalio (vi-) coll. luxury (cigarettes, to- kikaufu see kikavu. kiri. kali ya — . colonial administration. Cf. bacco). Cf. kaa. koloni. kikausha (vi-) see -kausha. kikisa speak fast/indistinctly; be confused/ kikambo adv. like a stepparent. Cf. kambo. incoherent. oppZ. kikisia. kikomba (vi-) : — cha njaa or njaa ya — kikausho (vi-): —cha wino. blotting paper. ravenous hunger, tremendous appetite. kikamulio (vi-) press, squeezer (for extracting Cf. kauka. kikisia appl. of kikisa. Cf. 1 komba. juice from fruit). C f. ^kama.

kikavu, kikauvu 1. sing, dryness. 2. adj. kikanda (vi-) kiko (vi-) (tobacco) pipe. kikombe (vi-) 1. cup (mug, goblet, etc.). see kanda. & adv. dry; (fig.) cool, reserved. Cf. 2. elec. insulator, vikombe vya simu. Ijtayn, kauka. insulators kikande (vi-) kikande (fish similar to sole), = on a telegraph-pole. 3. hub ^kiko (vi-) anat. elbow. ( kivi.) (of a wheel). (- kinu.) Cf. komba. kikawaida* —a—, adj. usual, regular, kikanza (vi-) 1. ( act of) warming up. 2. some- natural. Cf. kawaida. ^kiko loc, sing, he (she, it) is there, kiti kikombo thing which warms. Cf. ^kaanga. 1. (vi-) bend, curve. 2. (also — ? Is the chair there? kikombokombo) adv. in a curved/crooked kikawe (vi-) see kiwe. way. kikao (vi-) 1. domicile, residence. — chake fig. unintelligibly, maneno ya — ^kikoa (vi-) people doing something in com- lives/resides in Tanga. 2. du- unintelligible words. Cf. komba. Tanga. He kikaza, kikazo (vi-) 1. fastener (clamp, clip, mon, a thing done in common (meal, collec- ration of one's stay in a place, period of joint, coupling, etc.). 2. lintel (of a door tion of money); group, team, kula — . have residence. 3. way /style of life; (social) *kikomo (vi-) (also komo, ma-) 1. end, con- or window). Cf. kaza. meals in common. position, standing; conduct, behavior, atti- clusion, termination, boundary, goal. —

— live on good terms. = cha uso. forehead. 2. place to stop, tude, kaa kwa enema, kikazo (vi-) 1. kikaza. 2. pressure. 5. ses- kikoa (vi-) dimin. ^koa, "koa. stand. 3. grarrrn. object. * koma. 4. section, division, department. 3. ling, , accent. Cf. kaza. of Cf. sion. — cha Halmashauri. session of par-

kikofi (vi-) palm of the hand, handful. Cf. liament. Cf. *kaa. kike sing. 1. femininity, —a—, female, ^kikomo* (vi-) dimin. of omo. kofi, ukufi. feminine, mtoto wa — . girl, fanya —. be- kikapu (vi-) {also kapu, ma-) basket. — cha have like a woman. 2. adv. like a woman, kikomunisti*, kikomyunisti {Engl.]' —a—. karatasi. wastepaper basket. kikohozi (vi-) cough, fit of coughing, aumwa in a feminine way. Cf. ke. adj. communistic. Cf. mkomunisti, ukomu-

— . He has a cough. kohoa. Cf. nisti. kikaratasi*, kikartasi (vi-) (dimin. of kara- = kikero (vi-) nose ring. ( hazama, kishaufu.) tasi) handbill, broadside, circular. kikoi (vi-) white loincloth (with colored ^kikondo (vi-) kikondo (variety of banana). border). kiki* {Engl. J (— ) sport, kick-off (in foot- kikariri* 1. (vi-) repetition, reiteration. ball). ^kikondo (vi-) dimin. for of mkondo. 2. adv. again, repeatedly, the ump- kikojozi (vi-), kojozi (— ) person with weak

teenth time, over and over. Cf. kariri. kidneys, bed wetter, dawa ya — . diuretic kikiki adv. firmly, tightly, funga — . fasten kikondoo 1. (vi-) (medicine). kojoa. (dimin. of kondoo) lamb. tightly. Cf. 2. adv. like a sheep, unresistingly, pa- kikartasi* (vi-) see kikaratasi. tiently, meekly. kondoo. kikoko (vi-) (dimin. of ukoko) rare scurf, Cf. kikiri* (— ) struggling, wrestling; pushing, kikatoliki* {.Engl.'] 1. sing. (Roman) Catho- scab. crowding. Cf. kikirika; also kakara, kikongo 1. sing. Kikongo language. 2.: —a lic religion, Catholicism. 2.: —a — . adj. kukuru. — . adj. Congolese. (Roman) Catholic. Cf. katoliki. .

200 kikuba kikongwe kikucha 201 kikwata

kikongwe 1. (vi-) very old person, one bent ^kikoromeo (vi-) anat. Adam's apple. kikucha (vi-) dimin. of ukucha. kikunja: — jamvi (vi-) court fee, costs. and feeble from old age, 2. adv.: enda — Cf. ^koroma. Cf. kunja. to walk bent over and with difficulty. kikuchia (vi-) hangnail. Cf. ukucha. Cf. kongwe, konga. kikororo (vi-) water-pipe, hookah. kikunje (vi-) see kikunjo. (- buruma.) *kikuku (vi-) bracelet, anklet. — cha ku- 1. an arm, kikono (vi-) stump of deformed kikunjo, kikunje (vi-) 1. fold, crease, seam, pandia farasi. stirrup. arm. 2. antenna insects ). mkono. (of Cf. *kikosi (vi-) anat. nape of the neck. Cf. pleat, edge. 2. fig. wrinkle. Cf. kunja.

kosi. ^kikuku (vi-) dimin. of *kuku. stalk, kikonyo (vi-) stem (of fruit). Cf. kikuta (vi-) {dimin. of ukuta) stone border, mkono. kikono. unit, squaa, pla- "KiKosi \yi-) mil. troop, kikuli sing, fright, terror, dread, horror. toon. — cha askari. a squad of soldiers. = ( hofu kuu.) kikope (vi-) 1. dimin. of kope, ukope. afisa ya vikosi vya jeshi la East Africa, ^kikuti (vi-) chance, opportunity; event. 2. med. inflammation of the eyes, con- officer of a unit of the East African army. Cf. Ikuta. = kikulia (vi-) someone who grew up in a place junctivitis, sty ( chokea). — cha askari wapanda farasi. cavalry (but was not born there). Cf. Ikua. squadron. kikuti (vi-) dimin. of kuti. kikopo (vi-): mtoto — . ruffian, rascal, cheat. Q kikumbatio (vi-) embrace. Cf. kumbatia. Cf. kopa. kikota, kikoto (vi-) stalk of millet (= ^kota). ^kikuto (vi-) something rolled up, roll. kikumbo (vi-; also kumbo, ma-) push, thrust, kikopwe (vi-) see kilopwe.

^kikoto (vi-) 1. switch, whip (braided of butt, piga — . shove, jostle, butt. Cf. ^kikuto (vi-) rare hyena (= fisi). grass or twigs). 2. pigtail, braid (of hair). kumba. kikora sing., rare joy, rejoicing. Cf. kora.

kikuukuu 1. (vi-) old, worn-out article of ^kikoto (vi-) see kikotwe. kikumbuko sing., rare memory, remembrance. kikore (vi-) a newly laid out garden or clothing. 2. adj. & adv. useless, worth- Cf. kumbuka. field. Cf. kore. less. Cf. kuukuu. "'kikoto (vi-) see kikota. kikumi (vi-) ten-cent piece. Cf. kumi. kikwapa (vi-) 1. see kwapa. 2. perspira- kikore (vi-) rich/famous person. Cf. kora.

kikotwe, kikoto (vi-) kikotwe (kind of fish). tion (from the armpits), ananuka — . He kikunazi* LPers.j (vi-) anat., vulg. clitoris smells of perspiration. 3. armhole (of a (vi-) 1. rare thing, piece of = kikorokoro ( kisimi, kinembe). Cf. kunazi. kikozi (vi-) see kozi. garment). equipment, utensil. 2. (plur.) goods,

chattels, belongings, utensils, appurte- kikundi (vi-) {dimin. of kundi) 1. (small) = —a — . adj. = kikristo*, kikristu LPort.Pj'- kikwaru (vi-) cock's spur. ( kipi.) nances. ( makolokolo.) group, clique, circle, vikundi vya muawana. Christian. Cf. mkristo, Ukristo. cooperatives, vikundi vya kivita. military

^•kikwata, kwata adv.: enda — . go on foot. kikorombwe (vi-) call, shout (with the hands circles. 2. mil. battalion. — cha vifaru. call/ ^kikuba*, kiguba (vi-) bundle of aromatic Cf. kiatu, * kwata. cupped around the mouth), piga — . to armored battalion. Cf. kundi. plants at the throat). shout to someone. (worn by women

kikundu (vi-) med. hemorrhoid(s). Cf. ^kikwata (vi-) a tall thorny shrub (Acacia

^kikoromeo (vi-) a coconut when almost ripe. kikuba* 1. (vi-) dimin. of kuba. 2.: —a—. mkundu. mellifera) used to form hedges.

Cf. Ikoroma. adj. dome-shaped. kilendo 203 kilinzi kikwato 202 kilemea

kilendo (vi-) kilendo (kind of fish). kilimwengu sing, internationalism. — ya kikwato (vi-) dimin. of kwato, ukwato. kile demon, ki- cl. that, kiti — . that chair. wafanya kazi. proletarian internationalism, kitabu —. that book.

kilenga (vi-) foetus (in the fourth month). —a —. international, mchafuko wa — . in- kikwazo (vi-) hindrance, difficulty, impedi- {- kijusu.) ternational crisis. Cf. ulimwengu. ment. Cf. kwaa. kilegesambwa 1. (vi-) anau kneecap. = ( piayagoti.) 2. prov., arch. Everyone kilenge (vi-) kilenge (a children's game). kilinda (vi-) guard, watchman, protector. kikwe (vi-): — cha mkono rare elbow. can expect to have bad things said about Cf. linda. = him during his lifetime. ( kiko [cha mkono J, kivi.) kileo (vi-) 1. intoxication. 2. intoxicating

beverage. Cf. lewa. kilindi (vi-) place where water is deep, kikwi (vikwi, zikwi) 1. crowd, multitude, kileji (vi-) kileji (a cake made of wheat or channel. Cf. lindi. countless number. 2. liter, thousand rice meal). kileti (vi-) 1. handle, (door-)latch, lever. (only in tales; - elfu). 2. naut. thole, rowlock. 3. stick used in Kilindini sing. Kilindini (the harbor of Mom- kilele*, kileleta LPers.J (vi-) tip, peak, rope-making. basa). Cf . kilindi. kikwifukwifu sing. 1. hiccup. 2. sobbing. highest point. — cha mlima. mountain-

top. — cha mti. treetop. Cf. kinyanga- kili pi. of ukili. kilindo (vi-) 1. (act of) watching, guarding, kila*, killa, kula, kulla 1. adj. each, every, lele. protecting (especially planted fields against all, entire. — mtu. every person, all birds). 2. Ikilifu* (vi-) see difu. watchman's platform (on a plan- people. — mji. every city, the entire city. kileleta* (vi-) see kilele. tation). 3. shelter (from rain, etc.). — mara. every time. 2. adv. ever (gen- 4. storage place. Cf. linda. 1. ^kilifu* see kalifu. eralizing). — aendako. Wherever he goes. kilema (vi-) defect, infirmity, mwenye

— aendapo. Whenever he goes. — . cripple. — cha mkono. a one-armed kilinge (vi-) 1. secret meeting-place (of person. 2. deformed/crippled person. kilihafu (vi-) first stomach (of ruminants). medicine-men). 2. secretiveness, = fig. kilabu*, klabu LEngl.l (vi-) 1. club. Cf. lemaa. ( kisafu.) mystification, maneno ya — . mysterious,

mwanachama wa — . club member. 2, bar. unintelligible words. kilemba (vi-) 1. turban, piga— . put on/ kilili (vi-) dimin. of ulili.

wear a turban, vunja — . take off a turban. kilaji (vi-) food. Cf. *la. 1 kilingo (vi-) (dimin. of ulingo) platform fig. — cha jogoo. cock's comb. 2. praise, kilima (vi-) (dimin. of mlima) hill, knoll. keeping a flattery; reputation, coll. usinivike — cha (for watch over planted fields). kilalannngu (vi-) hot. a hardy creeping plant flatter me (Callopsis Yolkensii). ukambaa (ukoka). Don't try to kilimbili (vi-) wrist; (rare) upper arm. (lit.: Don't put a turban of grass on my ^kilingo (vi-) 1. notch, cut, mark (on trees,

head). 3. gift (e.g., that given by a kilalio (vi-) 1. sleeping-place, bed(stead). kilimi (vi-) 1. (dimin. of ulimi) anat. uvula to show the way). 2. fig. example, model, bridegroom to his father-in-law), gratuity. sore throat. 2. evening meal. Cf. lala. 2. med. 3. mouthpiece (of a pattern. Cf. Minga.

Cf. mkilemba. wind instrument). 4. fig. bad/abusive

kilalo (vi-) resting-place, shelter. Cf. lala. language. Cf. limi, mlimi, ulimi. "*kilingo (vi-) war drum, kilembwa (vi-) termination, tip, point.

1. narrow — cha titi. nipple. kilimia sing., astr. Pleiades. Cf. lima. kilango (vi-) {dimin. of mlango) kiliniki* (— ) see kliniki. passage. — cha bahari. strait, channel, kilembwe (vi-) great-great-grandchild. kilimo (vi-) 1. agriculture, cultivation. narrows, fairway, waterway. — cha mlima. kilinzi (vi-) bracelet of beads. ravine, defile, bottleneck. 2. valve. 2. produce, crop(s). Cf. Mima. kilemea: — nembo. (vi-) bot. a shrub

(Cremaspora africana). . . .

kimanc 205 kimea kilic 204 cimangari

kimango (vi-) round grinding stone (for grind- heels, kukimbia kwa kupeana. relay race. adj. adv. kilio (vi-) 1. sound. 2. cry, scream; weep- kimacho, kimachomacho & ing flour, etc.). Cf. mango. intr. kimbika. pass, kimbiwa. appl. kimbilia. ing, lamentation, mourning. 3. gramm. in- 1. alert, wide awake, lala — . lie (stay) 1. run to someone. 2. run up. kimbilia roho. terjection. lia. awake. 2. open, frank, alisema naye — Cf. kimanjano: -a — . adj. yellow, rangi ya — save someone's life, appl.-caus. kimbiliza. He spoke frankly with him. Cf. jicho. yellow pigment (dye, paint). Cf. manjano. 1. save oneself. 2. (w. int. force) hurry, kill a* see kila. hasten, kimbiliza kazi. work fast, kimbiliza kimachomacho see kimacho. kimarekani* see kiamerika. maneno. talk very fast (and unintelligibly). kilo* LEngl. J (-) kilogram. caus. kimbiza. 1. put someone to flight. kimagamaga adv. very fast, in a hurry. kimaridadi* adj. see kimalidadi. 2. help someone escape, abduct someone. kilometa* \_Engl. J (—) kilometer. nilipomwona alikuwa anakw enda — . When caus.-refl. jikimbiza. hide, remain in hiding. 1 saw him, he was in a great hurry. kimasliamba* 1. sing, language/manners/ Cf. kimbilio, kimbio, kimbizi, mkimbiaji, kilopwe, kikopwe (vi-) bot. kilopwe (shrub, Cf. magamaga. customs of the agricultural peoples. 2.: mkimbizi. Jaquemontia capitata). -a — . adj. rural, rustic; rude, crude, rough. kimaji, kimajimaji adj. & adv. watery, wet, Cf, shamba, kimbilio (ma-) 1. refuge, hiding-place, shelter. kilotia (vi-) see kidotia. damp, swampy, misty, steamy. Cf. maji. 2. fig. help, salvation. Cf. kimbia. kimasomaso sing, pretext, excuse, pretence, kilua (vi-) flower of a species of liana. kimajimaji see kimaji. evasion, dissimulation, hypocrisy, fanya — = kimbimbi sing, gooseflesh. ( msisimko.) mkilua. Cf. be evasive, make excuses, pretend. fanya — . shiver (from cold). kimako sing, astonishment, amazement.

kiludhu*, kuludhu (-) velvet. Cf. maka. kimatu (vi-) young locust. Cf. matumatu, kimbio, kimbiombio adv. at full speed, on the tunutu. double, quickly, hastily. Cf. kimbia. kilunzi sing, kilunzi (a secret language in kimalidadi*, kimaridadi: —a — . adj. elegant,

which the final syllables of words become fashionable; (pej.) overdressed. Cf. ma- kimau (vi-) uniform shirt (with short sleeves). kimbiombio see kimbio. the first). lidadi.

kimavi: — eha bot. variety kuku. of weed kimbizi: maji ya — . rushing/turbulent water, kiluwiluwi (vi-) 1. insect larva. 2. tadpole. kitnanda (vi-) 1. {rare kiwanda) omelet, (Ageratum conyzoides, sometimes used as torrent. Cf. kimbia. scrambled eggs. 2. a trial by ordeal a vegetable). (the parties are given bread to eat; the price, value. — chake kadiri Ikima* (vi-) 1. kimbugibugi (vi-) bot. kimbugibugi (variety of guilty person is supposed to be unable to gani? Howmuch is it worth? 2. measure; kimazeru (vi-) see zeru. grass, Dactylotenium aegyptiacum). swallow it). Cf. manda. size, stature. Cf. kimo.

kimba (vi-) ]. rare corpse (= maiti). anguka kimbunga (vi-) 1. storm, = whirlwind, hurricane, Kimanga* rare ( Kiarabu) 1. sing, the kimba lose ^kima (—) kima (kind of monkey, Cercopithe- kimba. consciousness, faint. typhoon. 2. fig.: — cha nyama. rinderpest, Arabic language. 2. adv. in the Arab cus pygerythrus). 2. heap of dung/excrement. hoof-and-mouth disease. manner. 3.: —a — . adj. Arab, Arabic, o Arabian. Cf. Manga, kimbaombao (vi-) 1. kimbaombao (kind of kimburu (vi-) ^kima* LPers.^\ (-) minced meat. 1. half-wild cat. (= shume.) chameleon). 2. coll. tall, thin person. Cf. 2. rare mongoose. (= nguchiro.) kimangalingali see kingalingali. bao. kimaada* adj. right, correct, true; genuine; kimea (vi-) sprouted seed of grain (used for fitting, proper; due. kimangari (vi-) bot. kimangari fhardy plant, kimbia run away, take flight, escape. — mbio, making beer). Cf. mea. Ramphicarpa veronicaefolia). coll. beat a hasty retreat, take to one's kimwinvi kimele 206 kins

kimwinyi see kimwenye. were satisfied, kimelea (vi-) 1. a parasitic plant. 2. a plant/ stature/height of a person. 2. tape measure, fig. be satiated/surfeited; feel disgust/loathing, tree which grows wild, Cf. mea. measuring tape. Cf. kima. amekinai. 1. He has kimwitu 1. (vi-) dimin. of mwitu. 2. adv. in a had enough (to eat). 2. He is surfeited/has wild/uncultivated manner. 3.: -. -a adj. of no appetite, intr. kinaika. caus. kinaisha. kimene sing, pride, arrogance; contempt, ^kimo loc. be in something. the jungle, wild. Cf. kinaifu, kinaya, mkinaifu, disdain. Cf. mena. ukinaifu.

kimondo (vi-) see kimwondo. kimwondo, kimondo (vi-) {also - kinaifu* adj. self-contented, kimenomeno (vi-) disease of the teeth (thrush, cha nyota) complacent, fig. astr. shooting star, proud, arrogant. pyorrhea). jino. meteor. Cf. kinai. Cf. kimoyo, kimoyomoyo (vi-) {dimin. of moyo)

1. grief, sorrow, pain. 2. med. heart disease. kinakilo* sing, carbon kimerimeti (vi-) see kimeti. kimwondo (vi-) rare stupid person fnnL paper, tracing paper. Cf. nakili. ( = mjinga.) kimeta, kimete, kimetameta (vi-) 1. radiance, kimoyomoyo see kimoyo. kinamasi, kinamassi (vi-) 1. slime, slimy glitter, sparkle, brightness. 2. spark. Cf. kimya, kimia 1. sing, calm, quiet, prov. substance (mucilage, 1 — kingi kina etc.). 2. swamp, Kimrima* sing, coast language (- Swahili). mshinda mkuu. Great calm is marsh. followed by a great storm, Cf. mrima. nyamaza — . be silent, kimetameta (vi-) see kimeta. keep silence. 2. adv. (also kimya- kinamassi (vi-) see kimya) still, kinamasi. kimu* 1. lsl. begin prayer (in a mosque). quiet. kimete (vi-) see kimeta. 2. provide with food/clothing. 3. harp on (a kinamisa kimyakimya (-) rare deep/dead silence. subject). Cf. mkimu. see kimya 2. kimeti, kimetimeti, kimerimeti (vi-) glowworm, kinamo sing, flexibility, pliancy, plasticity. firefly. Cf. meta. kimua see kimwa. ^kina (vi-) (great) depth. - cha bahari. deep udongo — wa . potter's clay. Cf. nama. place in the ocean, a deep. Cf. mwina. 1. firefly, kimi (— ) pay, wage(s). — cha chini. minimum kimulimuli, kimurimuri (vi-) glowworm, kinana (vi-) kinana (kind of yam). wage. 2. will-o'-the-wisp. Cf. mulika. 2 kina* (-) see akina.

kinanasi (vi-) kinanasi (variety of grass). kimurimuri (vi-) see kimulimuli. ^kimia (vi-) 1. (fine) network, netting. 2. net, j kina* (vi-) liter, rhyme, tunga (tia) vina. casting net. make rhymes, write poetry, shairi la (lenye) kinanda (vi-) 1. stringed instrument (a kind of Kimvita sing. Swahili dialect of Mombasa. vina. rhyming poem. banjo). 2. . 3. harmonium, (parlor-) Cf. Mvita, Mmvita. ^kimia (— ) see kimya. organ. 4. mouth organ. 5.: - cha rekodi. record kinaa* (— ) see kinaya. player. 6. ornith. (species of) finch kimua 1. fly into a rage, become violent. kimwa, = kimio (vi-) {dimin. of umio) 1. anat. uvula. ( binti chuma). 2. be out of sorts/discontented. Cf. mkimwa, 2. med. sore throat, tonsillitis. kinaganaga adv. 1. personally, oneself, kuja ukimwa. — to come oneself/personally. . 2. thoroughly, 'kinanga (-) kinanga (kind of drum). 1. sing., rare madness, insanity, in kimkumku detail, eleza — . explain in detail. kimwenye, kimwinyi sing, free, comm.) = rare lunacy. ( wazimu, kichaa.) 2. (— ) feudalism. Cf. enye, mwenye. 'kinanga* (vi-) dimin. of nanga. = lie, falsehood. ( uwongo.) kinagiri (vi-) (gold) pendant (on a necklace).

kimwezi (vi-) {dimin. of mwezi) artificial satel- ^kinara* (vi-) 1. (dimin. mnaraj candlestick. kinai* have enough, of *kimo* (vi-) 1. measure, size; height, be satisfied, wamekula lite, sputnik {lit.: little moon). 2. platform, podium (usually for Moslem reli- stature; altitude. — cha mtu. the size/ mpaka wamekinai. They ate until they gious observance in the open air). Cf. nuru. 208 kingama kingana 209 kinjuri(n)juri

kingana ass. 2 of ^inga. Kingozi sing. kinara* ilnd. J (vi-) embroidery (on the kinegwa, kinega (vi-) ornith. swallow. Old Swahili (the language of and Pate, preserved collar of a kanzu). in poetry). = Kingazija sing, language kinembe (vi-) anat. clitoris. ( kisimi.) of the . Cf. Ngazija, Mngazija. kingu* [£ng/.] (-) king. kinaya*, kinaa ( — ) independence, self- anat. groin, mons veneris. Cf. sufficiency; (fig.) self-content, compla- kinena (vi-) 2 kingilizi (-) see kingio. kingubwa (vi-) see kingugwa. cency; arrogance, conceit. Cf. kinai. nena, manena.

kingio, kingo, kingilizi (-, ma-) protection, kingugwa, kingubwa (vi-) . kinda 1. (ma-) {also mkinda, mi-, wa-) Ikinga 1. protect, ninajikinga macho na jua. cover, screen, shield. - ya taa. lampshade, young of animals/birds. Originally only I protect my eyes from the sun. 2. check, ikinf ' Cf. iga. kingune (vi-) stunted 1 I - _! . : -1- m .... _;-- l u„ tree. — la HUCfC. V.11K.H. nw^u - •" "ft «..«>,. obstruct, stop, nipishe usmikinge. uon't calf. — la farasi. foal, colt. 2. adj. young, stand in my way. 3. fig. contradict, object, kingiza caus. kinguo of kinga. (vi-) {dimin. of nguo) small piece (of immature, mnazi mkinda. young coconut oppose. 4. intercept, catch, collect. — cloth), rag. palm. mvua. collect rainwater, caus. kingiza. kingo (-) 1. see kingio. 2. threshold, door- defend, refl.-caus. jikingiza. defend one- step, sill. Kingwana sing. 3. fig., med. cataract. 4. pi. of Congo Swahili. (= kiungwana.) kindakindaki adv. above, up(wards), aloft. self, stat. kingama. be between, be in the ukingo. Cf. ^kinga, ukingo. (= juujuu.) way; cut across, intersect, ass. kingana. ikini*, kinika be true, be probable. protect each other; oppose each other. 5. Cf. yakini. kingoe, kigoe (vi-) protection, 1. hooked stick (for pulling kindana dial, object, protest, aliambiwa (— ) check, obstruction, means of down the branches of fruit trees). 2. rec. 2 kini 1 ahame lakini alikindana. He was told that he screen, safety-device; protection, defense, (vi-) see kiini. golf club. Cf. ngoeka. had to-move, but he protested. Cf. kindano; aid. Cf. kingio, kingo, mkinga, mkingaji,

also kinga, kinza. mkingamo, mkingiko, ukingo. kinika* see *kini. kingojeo (vi-) see kingojo.

kining'ina, kinying'ina kindanindani adv. surreptitiously, furtively, 2kinga (_) 1, piece of firewood, log. 2. f (vi-) great-great-grand- kingojezi (vi-) see kingojo. child. secretly, cheka -. laugh furtively, vita ya brand, prov. — na — ndipo moto uwakapo.

— . partisan warfare. Cf. ndani Log after log keeps the fire burning. kingojo, kingojeo, kingojezi (vi-) 1. keeping, kinini* (-) see kwinini. saving, preservation. 2. watching, guarding. (dial.) objection, protest. Cf. kindano (ma-) Ikingaja (vi-) bracelet (of grains or seeds or kaa (linda) -. keep watch/guard. 3. sentry kinjia, kijia, kajia (vi-) kindana. {dimin. of njia) of glass beads). post, guard station. Cf. ngoja. narrow road/street, path. Cf. ja.

kindi {dial, chindi, sindi) (-) squirrel. ^kingaja (vi-) back of the hand. king'ong'o sing, talking through the nose. kinjorinjori, kinjurinjuri, kinjorijori, kinjurijuri ana — . He talks through his nose. Cf. kindoro (vi-) 1. red pigment. 2. red sweet- (-) style of cutting the hair (one tuft is left kingalingali, kimangalingali adv. backwards, ng'ong'a. potato, muhogo wa -. sweet manioc. 3.: long). Cf. njorinjori. on the back, lala — . to lie on one's back. kofia ya -. red cap, . kingoringori, kinjorinjori adv. lengthwise, 2 kinjorinjori see kingoringori. kingama stat. of kinga. longitudinally. Cf. njorinjori. (-) kindu (fruit of the mkindu).

kinjuri(n)juri (-) see kinjorinjori. king'oto (-) see kigogota. kindugu see kidugu. kinverenyere kinyesi 211 kinofu 210 kinv

kinyesi, kinyago (vi-) 1. comedy, farce, masquerade. kinyezi (vi-), nyesi (ma-) excreta, kinofu (vi-) (dimin.- of mnofu) piece/bite of kinyozi, mnyozi (vi-) barber, hairdr kind of dance excrement, feces. meat. 2. comedian, clown, joker. 3. Cf. nya. Cf. nyoa. (performed at the initiation rites of children). 4 manyago, unyago. kinyevu kinokero (vi-) gazelle, impala. (= paa.) 4. scarecrow. Cf. sing. see kinyenyevu. kinyuma see kinyume.

nona. kinyakuzi (vi-) see kigwaru. kinono (vi-) a (young) fatted animal. Cf. 2kinyevu kinyumba (vi-) (dimin. sing, tickling, itching; prurience, of nyumba) 1. concubine kaa (or ishi) -. live lasciviousness. Cf. 'nyea. with a woman. 2. pi. adv. grindstone, knife kinyama 1. (vi-) dimin. of mnyama. 2. kinoo (vi-) 1. whetstone, household utensils, -a _. household..., like an animal, in a brutish/coarse way. Cf. sharpener. 2. fig. bar (of soap). Cf. noa. domestic. kinyevu (vi-) see kigwaru. mnyama.

ring finger. kinsuiri (vi-) rare kinyevunyevu (vi-) see kinyumbu (vi-) see nyumbu. whirl- kinyenyevu. kinyamkela (vi-) wind spirit, pepo ya -.

press, mill. — cha moshi. wind. kinyezi sing. see kinyesi. kinyume, kinu (vi-) 1. mortar, kinyuma sing. 1. back part, rear; power steam engine. - cha taa (stimu). background; reversal, inversion, msemo point, tip, summit, peak, kinying'inga (vi-) see mafuta. mold for kinyangalele (vi-) kining'inga. wa plant. - cha kushindikia -. thieves' Latin (produced by moving top. kilele. pressing butter. - cha kuchambulia pamba. Cf. the last each kinyo (vi-) anat. anus = of word to the begin- ( mkundu). Cf. nya. a wheel, bicycle, ning; cotton gin. 2. hub (of cf. kihunzi). 2. opposite, contrary; kinyangalika, kinyangarika sing, a nondescript/ etc.). 3.: vinu. coll. machinery. antithesis, habari ya -. a contrary kinyonga report. useless/meaningless thing. Cf. nyangalika, (vi-) med. lameness caused by 3. result, consequence. 4. adv. back- disease/injury of the language, -a -. mnyangalika. hip. Cf. Inyonga, Kinubi* 1. sing. Nubian wards, behind; in the opposite/contrary unyonga. Kinubi (Nubian musical vay. Nubian. 2. (vi-) mpango wa -. reverse order. nyegere. Cf. adj. kinyegele, kinyegere (vi-) see instrument similar to a harp). 3.: -a -. 1,'nyuma. Nubian, Sudanese. Cf. Mnubi. kinyonga (vi-) chameleon. (= kigeugeu.) kinyegenyege sing, prurience, lasciviousness. kinyunga sing, dough. o'clock, nyega. kinyonge kinuka: - jio (-) kind of flower (four Cf. 1. (vi-) misery, wretchedness; de-

jalapa). pravity. 2. adv. miserably, Miribilis wretchedly. kinyunya (vi-) confection, piece of candy/ see nyegere. kinyegere (vi-) kaa -. to live wretchedly/in poverty, lia cake. Cf. nyunyiza. (small) kinundu 1. (vi-) {dimin. of nundu) -. to cry piteously. Cf. nyonge. kinyweleo (vi-); nyeleo, nyweleo, tubercle; (fig.) pushbutton. kinyeleo, kinywa, lump, hump; kinwa, kanwa (vi-) mouth, throat. bumpy, unyweleo (ma-) pore (of the skin). Cf. nya, kinundunundu) adj./adv. kinyongo sing. 1. kwa 2. (also whim, mood; fad; melan- -. orally. - wazi. with open mouth. nywa. uneven. choly, mwenye -. hypochondriac. Cf. nywa.

2. qualms, scruples; aversion, prov. nyemi 1. (-) something good/ see kinundu. kinyemi, mpenzi hana -. kinywaji, kinundunundu A lover has no scruples. kinyweo, kinywewa (vi-) beverage, pleasant. 2. adj. & adv. good, pleasant. 3. bitterness, 2 vindictiveness. Cf. nyonga, drink. Cf. nywa. kinusi (-) see ^hunusi. nyonge. kinyenyevu, kinyevunyevu sing, moistness, kinyweleo (vi-) see kinyeleo. see kinywa. dampness. Cf. nya. kinwa (vi-) kinyong'onyo 1. sing, fatigue, weariness,

weakness. 2. adv. weakly, wearily, enda kinyweo (vi-) 1. see kinywaji. which causes disgust: calmly, slowly, 2. drinking- kinyaa (vi-) 1. something adv . gently, kinyerenyere -. to walk along wearily. Cf. nyong'onyea. vessel. Cf. nywa. discharge, secretion; excrement; filth. 2.

disgust, repugnance. Cf. nyara. kioto 213 kipanga kin? 212 kioteo

kioto (vi-) see kiota. kiongozi (vi-) 1. leader, guide; conductor kipakasa sing, gift of the bridegroom to the kinza retort, object, protest; check, obstruct. bride after band, orchestra). 2. leadership, entering the bedroom . *kipa. ass. kinzana. kinzana na mtu. quarrel (of a Cf. kiowe (vi-) see yowe. vanguard. Cf. ongoa. with someone. Cf. kinzani, kinzano, kipaku (vi-), paku (-) 1. spot of color. mkinzani, ukinzani; and also kinga. kioza sing, decay, kiongwe (vi-) see kihongwe. rottenness; badness; 2. adj. spotted, speckled. Cf. *paka. (med.) gangrene. - cha matunda. decay kinzani adj. obstinate, refractory; quarrel- below of fruit, - kipamba* [Pers.J (vi-) (also upamba, -) kionja (vi-): - mchuzi. small beard fig. ana ndani. He has a bad some. Cf . kinza. character. tuft of cotton, (small piece of) lint, wadding, the lip, imperial (lit.: 'gravy-taster'). Cf. oza. cotton-wool. Cf. Upamba. Cf. onja. kinzano (ma-) {usually makinzano) contra- (..: \ .L-. ~u gives [w. ]ou. diction, objection, protest; obstruction, n.j. kipambio (vi-) taste, sample (of food, etc.). see kipambo. kionjo (vi-) 1.: — mkono. present obstacle. Cf. kinza. given by the bride- onja. Cf. groom to the bride before he enters the kipambo, kipambio (vi-) 1. decoration, orna- bedroom for the first time. 2.: - imara *kio (vi-) see kioo. ment. 2. furnishings, appointments rare characteristic, sign, in- (of a kionyo (vi-) rel. confirmation. Cf. Ipa. ona. house). Cf, Upamba. dication, allusion, hint, warning. Cf. 2 2kio (vi-) see kioo. kipa* LEngl.j (ma-) doorkeeper, porter; kipanda (vi-) dial. see panda. of) glass, (- cha ikioo, kio (vi-) (sheet/pane (sport) goalkeeper. see uyoga. kioga, kiyoga (vi-) win- kujitazamia) mirror. - cha dirisha. kipande (vi-) (also mpande, mi-) dowpane. - cheupe. clear glass. kipaa (vi-) 3 1. piece, part, portion. — cha nyama. kiogajivu (vi-) ornith. blue roller. (dimin. of paa) edge, side, a piece slope (of a roof). - cha mbele (nyuma). of meat. 2. fragment, splinter. 2 fishhook. (= ndoana.) oga. kioo, kio (vi-) rare front 2 3. instrument, equipment. — kiogeo (vi-) bathtub. Cf. (back) slope of a roof. Cf. paa. cha kupimia. surveying instrument. 4. arch, card on kiroja. with a hooked kioja (vi-) see kiopoo (vi-) hook, stick/pole Z which the daily work of a laborer kipaa (vi-) see kipara. is re- a pump). Cf. opoa. end; handle (of corded kazi ya —. work by the day. given the kiokosi, kiokozi (vi-) reward Cf. pande, pandikizi, upande. kipago (vi-) 1. step, rung (of a ladder). okota. (ceremonial wash- finder of a lost object. Cf. kiosha (vi-) 1. -miguu. 2. threshold, doorstep, sill. a mar- ing of the feet (on the occasion of kipandikizo (vi-) see pandikizo. foundling (child). Cf. okota. for kiokote (vi-) riage). 2. payment made at a wedding i osha. kipaji (vi-) 1. gift, present, donation. = such ceremonial washing. Cf. kipandio (vi-) rung of a ladder. ( kipago.) 2. fig. ability, , endowment, ana - recovering/saving/ Cf. ipanda. Ikiokozi (vi-) (act of) kwa lugha. He has a gift for languages. (act of, place for) washing. rescuing. Cf. Tikoa. kiosho (vi-) 1. (usually Cf. V- 2. what is needed for washing; kipandisho (vi-) mus. sharp sign. Cf. 1 panda. washing utensils. Cf. osha. 2kiokozi (vi-) see kiokosi. viosho) 2 kipaji (vi-) (dimin. of 2paji) 1.: - cha ^kipanga (vi-) kipanga (a bird of prey, Falco

uso. forehead, brow , temple. 2. a sample, specimen, kioto (vi-) nest, roost (of fowls). cos- kiolezo (vi-) pattern, kiota, Dickensoni). metic or beauty patch embroidery). 2 ota. applied to the fore- example; samplerfsewmg, Cf. head or temple. Cf. oleza. ^kipanga (vi-) horsefly. 2 kioteo (vi-) see oteo.

(a/so kikomo). kiomo* l.(vi-) dimin. of omo

2. adv. straight ahead. . .

214 kipeo kipanga 215 kipindi

upanga. "kipawa (vi-) dimin. of upawa. ^kipanga (vi-) dimin. of •'kipeo (vi-) rare broom, brush. (= 1 ufagio.) kipilipili (vi-) kipilipili (kind of edible fish). Cf. ^pea. (dimin, *panya) mouse. kipee (vi-) see kipele. kipanya (vi-) of 2 kipilipili* \_Pers.1 adj. adv. = & 1. peppery, ( panya mdogo.) kipepeo (vi-) 1. fan, (recent) ventilator. peppered; resembling peppercorns, kipele, kipee (vi-) {dimin. of upele) nywele 2. butterfly. 3. kipepeo (kind of fish, za — anthr. pustule; (pi.) rash. . peppercorn hair. 2. fig. (act, means, etc., of) ascending/ pimple, kipao (vi-) Zanclus cornutus ). Cf. pepa. 2 clever, shrewd. Cf. pilipili. mounting. Cf. paa. kipembe, kipembepembe adj. & adv. angular; kipepo 1. sing, (gentle) breeze. 2. adj. kipima (vi-) measure(ment), measuring instru- 1. trembling, shudder, tremor. notched, serrated; bent, crooked. Cf. kipapa (vi-) ghostly, ghostlike, anasema — . He speaks o " — ;o.o. ...er:r.c:r.ete:'. utcr.go. 2. med. chill, ague. Cf. papa. "pembe. unclearly/confusedly. Cf. pepa. rangefinder. Cf. pima, kipimo.

kipapae (vi-) witchcraft, black magic. kipembepembe see kipembe. kipera, kiperea (vi-) small canoe (for two kipimio (vi-) scale (of a map). Cf. pima. people). kipapatiko, kipapato (vi-) tip of a bird's wing kipendo (vi-) rare love, affection, devotion. papa. = kipimo (vi-) 1. measure(ment), instrument or of a single feather. Cf. ( upendo.) Cf. penda. kiperea (vi-) see kipera. for measuring, gauge. — cha jasho. baro- meter. — cha homa. fever thermometer. kipapato (vi-) see kipapatiko. kipendwa (vi-) see kipenzi. kipete (vi-) ferrule, ring. Cf. peta. — cha volta. voltmeter. — cha maji. water

head; gauge. — cha urefu. linear measure. — cha kipara, kipaa (vi-) bald spot, bald kipenga, kipyenga (vi-) rare whistle. kipeto (vi-) 1. container (bag, box, case). 2 = ujazo (nafasi). cubic (dry /liquid) measure. (rel.) tonsure. Cf. para. ( filimki, uluzi, miunzi.) — cha barua. 2. rare envelope. Cf. — cha eneo. square/surface measure. *peta. — cha uzito. plate. kipengere (vi-) weight measure. — cha wa- kipasha: - mto (vi-) heater, hot kipenge, kipengee, kipengele, kati. measurement of time. 2. size pata. see pengee. Cf. kipi (vi-) cock's spur. Cf. kipia. (of shoes, clothes, etc.). Cf. upinda.

of kipasuasanda (vi-) kipasuasanda (kind kipenu (vi-) 1. see upenu. 2. side cabin kipia (vi-) I. top, tip (of a mountain, tower). kipinda 1. (vi-) {also pindi, pinda, ma-) bird). Cf. pasua, sanda. (of a ship). 2. post, pillar (supporting a ceiling). cadaver, carcass (of an animal that has 3. fig. see kipi. died island of hole (through a natural death). 2. adv.: kufa — Kipate sing. Swahili dialect of the kipenyo (vi-) 1. perforation, a hedge, die a natural death. Cf. upinda. Pate. something), aperture, break (in kipigi, kipiki (vi-) small stick (thrown to etc.). 2. socket. 3. axis (of a globe, knock down fruit). Cf. piga, Ipikipiki. kipindi pay, wages, circle), nusu-kipenyo. (vi-) 1. (unit, period of) time, period, kipato (vi-) earnings, receipts, etc.), diameter (of a moment. - cha asubuhi. dividend. (in the) morning. salary. - cha shirika. fin. radius. Cf. penya. kipigo (vi-) blow, stroke, thrust, impact. kila — or — chote. at all times, always. Cf. pata. alipata — kikuhwa. He got a good thrash- kwa vipindi. periodically, regularly, —a — kipenzi, kipendwa (vi-) favorite, pet. ing. Cf. piga. temporary, for the time being. 2. set time, Cf. penda. ikipawa (vi-) 1. gift, present. 2. fig. definite period of time. — cha masoma. 1 talent. Cf. pa. kipiki, kipikipiki (vi-) dimin. of pikipiki. period of instruction. 3. med. attack, fit. Ikipeo (vi-) 1. apex, vertex, peak, tip. — cha homa. attack of fever, homa ya vi- o - cha macho, horizon. 2. fig. ideal. = 2 a ladder). ' kipawa (vi-) step, rung (of kipila (vi-) ornith. curlew. ( sululu.) pindi. intermittent fever. 4. sport time, 1 Cf. pea. {- kipago, kipandio.) count. 5. (radio) program. 6. adv. for

the present, for the time being. Cf. pinda. 217 kipora kipo kipuzi kipindo 216

kiporo (vi-) means of getting through, passage. (also uporo) leftovers food). kipumbu kipindo (vi-) 1. wrapper. 2. fold (of cloth- kipito (vi-) (of (vi-) med. scrotal hernia, orchitis, varicocele. ing). 3. winding-sheet (for a corpse). Cf. pita. Cf. pumbu. kiporomoko see poromoko. 4. bag, pocket, purse. Cf. pinda.

kipo loc. be there, kiti — barazani. The kipumziko sing, rest(ing-place), recreation, kipozamataza (vi-) ornith. clapper lark. refreshment. kipindua (vi-): — cha reli. railw. switch. chair is there on the veranda. Cf. pumua.

Cf. pinda. kiprotestanti* [.Engl. ]: (rare mpofu, wa-) a blind -a-, adj. kipofu. 1. (vi-) kipungu (vi-) 1. eagle. 2. osprey. Protestant. person. 2. adj. & adv. blind(ly), heed- Ikipindupindu (vi-) 1. outbreak; spasm , con- pofua. cholera. less(ly), reckless(ly). Cf. 2 vulsion. 2. med. epidemic, kipungu (vi-) kipungu (kind of fish). kipua 1. (vi-) dimin. ^na. 2. rufi, of : — cha nyama. rinderpest. Cf. pinda. through the nose, nasally, sema -. speak kipokee adv. alternately, by turns, in suc- kipunguo (vi-) 1. reduction, through the nose/with a nasal twang. decrease. cession. Cf. pokea. 2. absence, ^kipindupindu adv. headlong, head over lack, shortage. Cf. 2p unga#

heels. Cf. pinda, pindu. kipuku, kipukupuku adv. in great quantity, kipokeo (vi-) mus. accompaniment, refrain. kipunguzi (vi-) deduction, discount, rebate. in abundance, without number, watu wa- Cf. pokea. 2 safety precaution/ Cf. punga. kipinga (vi-): - hatari. nakufa — maradhi. The people perished in

device. Cf. pinga. great numbers from an epidemic. Cf. pu- ^kipolepole see polepole. kipunjo 1. (vi-) short kuta. weight. 2. adv. de- ceitfully, slyly, craftily, cheka -. laugh kipingamizi (vi-) rare difficulty, obstacle, kipolepole (kind of butter- slyly. Cf. punja. impediment. Cf. pinga. ^kipolepole (vi-) kipukupuku see kipuku.

fly). kipupa sing, (excessive) eagerness, haste. kipingili, kipingiri (vi-) 1. thickening; joint, ^kipukusa (vi-) 1. falling, dropping (of two — cha kula. greediness, gluttony. — cha node (of plants). 2. portion between ^kipondo (vi-) dimin. of pondo. leaves, fruit). 2. fig. downfall, ruin. kazi. zeal lower in one's work, kwa — . eagerly, nodes or joints, fig. - cha mkono. 3. med. epidemic, pestilence. Cf. pu- zealously. Cf, pupa. arm. - cha mguu. shinbone. Cf. pinga, ^kipondo (vi-) see kipondwe. kuta. pingua. kipupwe (vi-) 1. cool season (June-August). a dish prepared of kipondwe, kipondo sing, ^kipukusa (vi-) wood-boring beetle. Cf. pu- 2. a cool wind kipingili. blowing during this season. kipingiri (vi-) see grated coconut. Cf. crushed grain and kuta. ponda. hurdle. kipure (-) ornith. (variety of) dove (with red kipingo (vi-) 1. obstruction, barrier, ^kipukusa (vi-) see kipukute. at the throat and beneath the wings). peg, bar, bolt. 3. pin. 4. necklace, 2. kiponya (vi-) medicine, remedy. Cf. pona. bracelet (of beads). Cf. pinga. kipukute, kipukusa (vi-) kipukute (variety kipusa (vi-) 1. small tusk (of a rhinoceros). kipooza 1. sing, (also upooza) insensi- of banana). Cf. pukusa. 2. coll. pretty girl. dimin. pingu. kipingu (vi-) of bility; (med.) paralysis. 2. adj. & adv.

paralyzed, helpless. Cf. pooza. kipuli (vi-) kipuli (ear-pendant) kipuzi (vi-) bauble, trinket, worthless thing. kipingwa (vi-) bar, bolt (on a door). Cf. Cf. puza. pinga. kipopo (vi-) moth, butterfly. (= kipepeo 2.) kipumba (vi-) see kibumba. Cf. popo. tool, kipini (vi-) 1. handle, haft, hilt (of

sword, etc.). 2. ornament worn in knife, kipora (vi-) see pora. the ear or nose. Cf. mpini. . . . .

lpwa 218 kirikhi kirimba 219 kisafu

kirimba (vi-) 1. cage a bird (for or animal) kirumbizi, kiumbizi (vi-) ornith. kipwa (vi-) dry place (rock, etc.) left by the kireaktive* L Engl. J' ndege ya — . jet air- golden \- kizimba); (fig.) meat safe, refrigerator. oriole. tide, shallow place; (pL)reei, sandbank. plane. 2. frame (of a door or window), sill/lintel. Cf. pwa.

kirehani (vi-) kirehani (variety of sweet ^kirumbizi, kiumbizi (vi-) kirumbizi (kind of

kirimu*, kerimu 1. entertain, kipwe (— ) ornith. (species of) shrike potato). give presents dance or mock fight with sticks). (Dryoscopus senegalensis). to a person. 2. be hospitable/generous. appl. kirembo 1. (vi-) (dimin. of rembo) ornament, kirimia. intr. kirimika. pass, kiri- Kirumi* 1. sing. Latin (language). 2. —a —

(line, etc., on the miwa. Cf. karama, karamu, adj. kipwepwe (vi-) med. skin-eruption, rash decoration; beauty spot karimu, mkari- Roman, Latin, kanisa la — . the mu, (applied chiefly to a symptom of leprosy). face). 2. adv. elegantly, with fine clothes, ukarimu. Roman (Catholic) Church. Cf. Rumi, Mruma.

(vi-) see kipenga. kirungu (vi-) (dimin. rungu) knob a kipyenga kirimu* L Engl. J (— ) cream, rangi ya — of (of Kireno* [ Port. J 1. sing, the Portuguese cream-colored, pale yellow. radio, etc.).

kirafiki* adv. in a friendly manner. Cf. language. 2.: —a — . adj. Portuguese. Kirusi*, rafiki. Cf. Reno. kiroboto (vi-) flea. Kirussi 1. sing. .

2.: —a — . adj. Russian. Cf. Mrusi, Urusi.

1. sleeping-mat. 2. belong- kirago (vi-) fig. kiri*, kirri recognize, acknowledge; accept, kiroho*: —a — . adj. spiritual. Cf. roho. Kirussi* sing., adj. ings, (personal) affairs, funga virago vyake. assent, confirm, ratify; approve, grant, see Kirusi.

pack one's bags, close out one's affairs. allow; admit, confess. — kosa plead kiroja*, kioja (vi-) 1.- something astonish-

kirusu (— ) mixture of millet flour Cf. rago. guilty, appl. kiria. intr. kirika. caus. ing/terrifying (e.g., oddity, monster). (prepared for making beer). kirisha. pass, kiriwa, Cf. ikirari, ukiri. 2. rarity, marvel. 3. something that gives

kirahi*, ikirahi, karaha(-) aversion, dislike, pleasure, something amusing/comical.

kiruu* (— ) see abhorrence, antipathy; prejudice. Cf. ka- Cf. roja. kiruhu. ^kiri (— ) strip of matting (for plaiting). raha. (= ukili.) 1 kirokironi*, kirokoroni (-) see korokoroni. kisa*, kissa (vi-) 1. narrative, report, story. — kiraia* 1. adv. as/like a citizen, fanya 2. explanation; cause, reason, nipe — kiriba* (vi-) water-container (made of hide ), cha

a citizen. 2.: —a — . adj. behave as waterskin kirri* see kiri. kunitukana. Tell me the reason why you are raia. civil, haki za -. civil rights. Cf. insulting me. 3. matter, affair, business, kirugu (vi-) 1. top of a wall a house). nipe kiridhi* see karidhi. (of — chako. Tell me your affair (i.e., color. 2. patch. 2. kiraka* 1. (vi-) spot of height of a house-wall. something about yourself). 4. jur. com-

yenye — . a patched garment, shona plaint, charge. nguo kirihi*, kirikhi 1. abhor, feel aversion; be Cf. mkasa. mend. — . apply a patch, patch (up), kiruhu*, kiruu (— ) anger, wrath, rage, fury. (tia) prejudiced. 2. offend, treat discourte- 3. adv. (also kiraraka) spotted, speckled. ously, appl. kirihia. intr. kirihika. kisa (vi-) kernel of a fruit-stone. marakaraka. kirukanjia (vi-) 1. zool. shrew. 2. ornith. Cf. caus. kirihisha. pass, kirihiwa. Cf. nightjar. 3. fig. restless/footloose per- karaha. kisababu* (vi-) (dimin. of sababu) pretext, title applied to the first boy of son. ruka. kiranja (vi-) Cf. excuse, evasion. to be circumcised. a group kirikhi* see kirihi. kirukia (vi-) kirukia (parasitic climbing kisafu (vi-) (first) stomach (of ruminants). kirauni* \_Engl.~\ (-) crown. plant). Cf. ruka. ( = kilihafu.) .

kisaga 220 kishale kishamba 221 kishwara

kisarawanda (vi-) sheet (spread over the bed kishamba* 1. (vi-) villager, *kisaga (vi-) a dry measure (app. one quart). countryman. kishikizo (vi-): - herufi printer's form. on the wedding night). 2. sing, rustic Cf. saga. manners/speech. 3. adj. Cf. shika.

(—a — ) & adv. rustic, countrified (= kima- kisasa* 1. sing, modern times, the present. shamba). Cf. shamba. kishiko (vi-) elec. ^kisaga (vi-) (species of) weevil. contact. Cf. shika. 2. adj. & adv. new, modern, present-day.

up-to-date. Cf. sasa. kisharifu* (vi-), msharifu (mi-) ornith. kishiku* (vi-) 1. (tree) stump, log. - cha kisagalima (vi-) an old worn-out hoe. Cf. (species of) kingfisher. Cf. sharifu. jino. root of a tooth. 2. wooden kiselema. block/ kisase* (vi-) see kisasi. wedge.

kishasi (vi-) see kishazi. kisagaunga (vi-) kisagaunga (species of crab). retaliation. kisasi*. kisase (vi-) 1. revenge, i . Cf. saga, ^unga. "kishina (vi-) see shina. 2. compensation, indemnification, toza kishaufu* (vi-) 1. piece of jewelry, trinket,

(fanya) — . demand compensation. pendant (on a chain). 2. nose ring (= small ki- kisahani* (vi-) {dimin. of sahani) 1. kishina (vi-) kishina (kind of dance). kero, hazama). Cf. shaua, shaufu. plate, saucer. 2. sport discus, tupa — kisawazisha (vi-): — joto. rec. thermostat. record. throw the discus. 3. (phonograph) kishinda (vi-) remainder, Cf. sawa, sawazisha. residue; dregs (in a kishaushi (vi-) see kishawishi. drinking-vessel). Cf. shinda. kisaki* adv. firmly, tightly, funga -. tie kiselema, kichelema (vi-) an implement (hoe, kishawishi*, kishaushi (vi-) temptation, al- tight. Cf. saki. kishindi (vi-) see ushindi. knife, pencil) that has been worn down by lurement; attraction, lure, bait. Cf. sha- much use. wishi. kisalisali* sing. med. gonorrhea; (rare) kishindo (vi-) 1 noise, (sound of a) blow,

diseases are believed to impact, step. 2. bilharzia (the two kisengeseage adv. forward and backward, fig. excitement, uproar. kishazi*, kishasi (vi-) {dimin. of shazi) be the same because their symptons are 3. fig. disorder, confusion. Cf. ^shinda. like a crab, enda— . run like a crab. string/stick on which fish = or fruit are hung. similar). ( kisonosono, kichocho.) kishogo state.. (vi-) see kisogo. kiserikali*: —a — . adj. governmental, kishenzi* LPers.J 1. sing., hist, language kisambare (vi-) kisambare (species of grass, serikali. karamu ya — . state banquet. Cf. of the inhabitants of the interior. 2. sing. Lobelia fervens). kishona (= kichoma nguo.) (vi-) kind of grass wildness, barbarity. 3. adv. in a savage/ (Heteropogon contortus). kisetiri* (vi-) 1. dividing wall, partition, barbarous way. 4.: —a — . adj. wild, un- see kisamvu. kisambo sing, screen. 2. hiding-place. 3. fig. toilet, civilized. Cf. shenzi. kishoroba* (vi-) {also ushoroba sing.) W.G. Cf. stiri. kisamli (vi-) see kitamli. nnrrow strip of land, patch; path (in a field). kisheria*: —a — . legal. See sheria. kiseyeye sing, bleeding of the gums (from vegetable dish (pre- kishungi kisamvu, kisambp sing, scurvy?). (vi-) toupee. Cf. ^shungi. kishigino (vi-) see kisigino. pared with manioc leaves and beans).

kishupi (vi-) small bag or kisha*, kiisha adv. afterwards, thereafter, basket (of matting), kishika: — mkono (vi-) advance (of money), sanamu) picture kisanamu* (vi-) {dimin. of then. Cf. isha. earnest (money), instalment. Cf. shika. postcard. kishutuo (vi-) see kisutuo.

kishale (vi-) dimin. of mshale. kishiki: — cha buga (vi-) climbing plant small kishwara* (vi-) loop kisanduku* (vi-) (dimin. of sanduku) of rope (for holding an ( Cissampelos pariera). oar, etc.). box, casket. kisc 222 kisonc 223 kisutu

water hole, well. kisongo (vi-) kisi*, kissi (rare gisi) 1. presume, sur- kisima (vi-) prov. mchimba 1. pressing, pressure. 2. press, kisukumizi (vi-) 1. - kisukumi. 2. disease/ — hutumbika Who digs a pit for vise. typ. mise, guess; estimate, calculate, consider mwenyewe. 3. ligature, logotype. 4. med. misfortune transferred by one person to others falls into it himself. tourniquet. carefully, appl. kisia. guess at, estimate Cf. songa. another. Cf. sukuma, msukumizi. (something). 2. (ma-) estimate, calcula-

kisimamleo (vi-) aloe(s). See also nidi. kisonono, kisunono (vi-) med. gonorrhea. tion; proposal. Cf. kisio, makisi. kisukuu (vi-) see kitukuu. — cha damu. bilharzia. Cf. sonona. kisimbo (vi-) see msimbo. ^kisi*, kissi naut. change course, tack, put kisuli*, kisulisuli, kizuli, kisunzi (vi-) kisoshialisti* [Engl.] (vi-) socialism. (spell about. of) dizziness, fainting fit, vertigo, kisimi (vi-) coll., anat. clitoris. (- kinembe.) — —a . socialist(ic). swoon, upepo wa kisulisuli. whirlwind. L/. kisibao* (vi-) see kisibau. kisusuli. (usually makisio) estimate, kisio* (ma-) kispoti* [Engl.] adj.: -a-, sport... conjecture; proposal. Cf. *kisi. kisibau*, kizibau, kisibao, kisibayo (vi-) kisumari*, kisomari (vi-) (dimin. of msumari) kissa* (vi-) see kisa. open jacket or vest (worn over the kanzu). pin, peg. (= pini.) kisirani* (— ) 1. failure, (bad) omen, mis-

fortune, atanitia— . He will bring me bad 2 kissi* see ^kisi, kisi. kisunono (vi-) see kisibayo* (vi-) see kisibau. kisonono. luck. 2. annoyance, anger, ana — . He is

vexed/angry. 3. tendency to cause kistari* (vi-) (dimin. of mstari) punct. dash, kisunzi (vi-) kisibiti* (vi-) (also mboga za —) caraway see kisuli, trouble/damage, destructiveness, delin- hyphen. seed, cumin. quency, hoodlumism, hooliganism. Cf. kisura* (vi-) si. pretty girl. Cf. *sura, mkosi. kisu (vi-) knife, kata kvva -. cut with a kisichana (vi-) 1. dimin. of msichana. knife, ukali wa — . edge of a knife, -cha not yet reached puberty. kisusi (vi-) 1. slope of a roof. 2. sloping 2. girl who has kisiri* (vi-) secret; free, pol.) secret ballot. kukunja. pocketknife. coll. wewe - side of a thatched roof. —a—, secret, covert. Cf. siri. mimi nyama. Do whatever you want with kisicholipwa, kisichotendwa (vi-) debt, ar- (lit.: me You are the knife, I am the meat). kisusui* (vi-) see kisusuli. rears. Cf. lipa, tenda. kisiwa (vi-) island. Cf. jisu, kijisu, msumeno.

kisusuli*, kisusui (vi-) 1. scorpion. kisifa* (vi-) gramm. adverb. Cf. sifa. kisogo, kishogo, kichogo (vi-) anat. nape of kisua* (vi-) 1. garment, suit (of clothes). 2. paper kite, windmill (children's the neck, back of the head. prov. akupaye toy). 2, a well-dressed person. anat.: — cha mkono. Cf. kisuli. kisigino, kishigino (vi-) — si mwenzio. Whoever turns his back on

elbow. — cha mguu. heel. you is not your friend, kisogoni. (what is) kisugulu (vi-) see kichuguu. kisutu* (vi-), msuto (mi-) kisutu (large behind, the past. Cf. kogo. piece of printed cotton cloth, kisiki (vi-) 1. tree-stump. 2. block/chunk used as a kisuguu (vi-) see kichuguu. woman's garment or as a screen or of wood, log. 3. fig. prostitute. Cf. ki- kisomari* (vi-) see kisumari. curtain).

shiku. kisukari* 1. (-) kisukari (sweet variety of kisutuo, kishutuo kisombo (= kisamvu, kisambo.) (vi-) paste/ (vi-) 1. payment (especi- banana). 2. adj.: —a—, very sweet, ally in kind). 2. special kisikusiku, kiusikusiku 1. (vi-) evening, porridge made of manioc and beans. remuneration for sugary. Cf. sukari. workers, usually in the form of food re- twilight, dusk. 2. adv. at night, in the ceived during or after the performance nighttime. Cf. *siku, usiku. kisomo (vi-) instruction, training, education. of kisukumi (vi-) growth or swelling on the heavy work. Cf. soma. genitals. (= vitio.) Cf. sukuma. kitambo 225 Kiswahili 224 kitambi kitara

kitambo (vi-) 1. (short) time, moment. - Kiswahili* 1. sing, the . kitakita see kita. ki- kitango (vi-) idleness, indolence, waste of dogo. after a short time, the Swahili manner. Swa- soon thereafter. 2. adv. in Cf. time, trifling. Cf. ^anga. - cha chuo. school a term. 2. (o/so tambo, hili, Mswahili, Uswahili. kitakizo (vi-) kitakizo (head or foot of utambo) (short) space, distance, bedstead). Cf. tako. length, 2 kitango (vi-) lace, fastener height, hapa na (e.g., the tufts B ni _ kidogo. From here prickle, sting, itch. on a mattress, ^kita, kitakita kitako vi-) anat. seat, bottom, buttock; etc.). 1. to B is only a short distance. perineum. 2. seat, place to sit; base.

kitangulizi (vi-) . — . 1. mat 2kita 1. be/stand firm (in the face of danger, mstari wa — base line- kaa seat one- kitambulisho h. uneven/odd num- (vi-) certificate, authentication. self, be seated, sit. — cha baisikeli. saddle ber. 2.: - cha jeshi. = etc.). 2. thrust firmly into the ground (a Cf. tambua. vanguard. 3. utan- a bicycle. 3. med. hemorrhoid(s). gulizi. Cf. tangulia. spear, etc.), place firmly. of 4. adv. below, at the bottom, at the lower kitamli, kisamli (vi-): nrnazi wa -. variety end. tako. kitanguo (vi-), mtanguo Cf. of coconut (mi-) 1. annulment, Ikitaa* (vi-) dimin. of mtaa. palm (the nuts are used only for cancellation, abolition, suspension, revo- their milk). Cf. (vi-) kitale (young coconut in the mkitamli. cation, invalidation, nullification. 2. dis- 2 kitaa (kind of fish). stage milk-formation). kitaa* (vi-) of missal, discharge, removal (from kitana (vi-) see kichanuo. office). Cf. tangua. kitabosha (vi-) kitabosha (pastry made of kitali (vi-) 1. naut. sailcloth, canvas. kitanda (vi-) 1. bed, bedstead. 2. litter, rice-flour, sugar, and honey). 2. recent, sport ring (for boxing). kitani* (-) 1. s i S al, flax, tow. stretcher, enda shamba la -. (panda) kitandani. go to sisal plantation. 2. linen (cloth). 3. string, bed. 3.: - cha mfumi. kitabu* (vi-) 1. book. - cha ram an i. atlas. kitalu (vi-) 1. fence, wall. 2. enclosed ( weaver's) loom. lace (of a shoe). Cf. tanda. ufualaji wa vitabu tu. pedantry, dogma- place (yard, courtyard, garden). katiba, tism. 2.: vitabu. literature. Cf. kitanitani, kitanutanu adv. backwards, on kitandawili (vi-) the maktaba, 1. cloth, rag, see kitendawili. katibu, katabahu, kijitabu, kitiba, kitambaa (vi-), mtambaa (mi-) back, lala -. lie on one's back. mkataba, ukatibu. patch. 2. med. bandage. 3. napkin, 2 kitandiko handkerchief. tambaa, utambaa. (vi-) cover, blanket. tanda. Cf. Cf. kitano (vi-) kitano (small coin, 5-cent piece). kitadali (vi-) bot. kitadali (variety of herb, Cf. Itano. 1 kitanga (vi-) (small, Euphorbia hirta). ^kitambi (vi-) turban-cloth. Cf. ^tambaa. circular) mat, prayer mat. - cha mkono. palm the (of hand). kitanutanu see kitanitani. branch- cha kitagaa (vi-) 1. dividing, splitting, - mguu. sole (of the foot), 2kitambi (vi-) anat. 1. peritoneum. 2. me- -cha

). 2. (rotten) mizani. pan of a ing, forking (of trees, roads scale/balance. Cf. kitanzi sentery. — cha nyama. reticular fat (of a (vi-) (small) loop, noose, eyelet. 2 branch (of a tree). Cf. taga. utanga. slaughtered animal), fig. mwenye — . cor- Cf. tanda, tanzi, utanzi. pulent person. small 2 kitaifa* 1. (vi-) (dimin. of taifa) kitanga (vi-): _ cha pepo. a kitapo (vi-) kind of dance. 1. shivering, trembling. 2. med. tribe. 2.: -a -. adj. popu- ethnic group, chill, ague. Cf. ^tapa. ^kitambi: — cha maskini (vi-) kind of - afya. national lar, national, bima ya ya kitanga 2 vegetable (Talinum cuneifolium). (vi-) dimin. of tanga. health insurance. kitara* [lnd.1 (vi-) scimitar. kitangangaya sing, kitangangaya (children's par- kitambi sing, pride, conceit, arrogance. kitakataka (vi-) (dimin. of takataka) 1. game, hide-and-seek). kitara (-) dial., rare 1. kitara (place bagatelle. Cf. tamba. where ticle of dust/dirt. 2. fig. trifle, a council meets). 2. (law) court. 1 Cf. taka. .

227 kitende kitendo kitita kitarishi 226

kitendo (vi-) 1. act, action. 2. undertaking, kitarishi* (vi-) messenger-boy, 'stooge.' kitefu (vi-) see kitefutefu. kiti (vi-) 1. seat, chair. - cha kifalme. operation. 3. feat, exploit. 4. gramm. throne. Cf. tarishi. - cha farasi. saddle. 2. fig. verb. Cf. tenda. kitefute (vi-) anat. cheekbone. (= kitu- seat (in a representative assembly).

guta.) mwenye — . chairman. 3. headquarters. ^kitasa (vi-) 1. lock (on a door, etc.). kitengele (vi-) 1. band, stripe. 2. small 4.: — cha pweza. starfish. 2. buckle. round mat. ^kitefutefu, kichefuchefu (vi-) 1. sobbing, kitiba* sing, essential nature, character, sighing. 2. hiccup. tasa. kitasa* (vi-) dimin. of kitengeneza: - uvuke (mvuke) (vi-) auto. disposition, constitution. Cf. kitabu. carburetor. Cf. tengenea. ^kitefutefu (also kitefu, kitetefu) (vi-) Ikitata* (vi-} 1. lath, molding. 2. med. LitimKntw.Vo r,.i-1 —7 „» ._ """ "" "" u , op- z '•' f""' ""'6 -i something soft/smooth. Cf. teke. kitengo splint. (vi-) (dimin. of mtengo) gramm. portunist. preposition. Cf. *tenga. kiteku (vi-) X. style, burin; chisel. 2. pick- = kitimbi ^kitata (vi-) 1. matata. 2. speech im- (vi-) deception, deceit, trick, in- ax. Cf. tekua. kiteo (vi-) (dimin. of uteo) (shallow, dish- = trigue. Cf. chimvi. pediment, lisp ( ^kitembe, utasi). Cf. shaped) basket (used for sifting grain). tata. kitelemsho (vi-) 1. downward movement. kitimiri* sing. 1. name of an evil spirit. 2. mus. flat(-sign). Cf. telemua. ^kitete (vi-) (dimin. of ^ete) reed, sedge. 2. charm to ensure easy childbirth. kitata (vi-): — eha asali. honeycomb.

Ikitembe, kichembe (vi-) speech defect, lisp, 4citete (vi-) dial, mongoose. kitinda (vi-), mtinda (wa-): — mimba. last/ kitatange (vi-) 1. kitatange (sea-fish with indistinct pronunciation, stuttering, piga/ youngest child. Cf. tindika. spines). 2. fig. mischief-maker, insuf- sema — . speak with a lisp/indistinctly. kitetefu sing, see kitefutefu. ferable person. Cf. tata. kitingisha (vi-) earthquake. (= tetemeko la ^kitembe (vi-) dimin. of tembe. kitetemeko (vi-) nchi.) Cf. tinga. kitawa* 1. sing, retirement, solitude, seclu- see kitetemo.

sion. 2. adv. retired, secluded, kaa — (vi-) vegetable fiber. Cf. utembo. kitinitini (vi-) see ^kitembwe kitetemo, kitetemeko (vi-) shivering, trem- ^kititi. live in retirement/seclusion. Cf. tawa. bling, shuddering. Cf. tetema. kitisho, kitusho (vi-) threat, menace, danger; ^kitembwe (vi-) kitembwe (kind of fish). 1 kitawi (vi-) 1. dimin. of tawi. 2. kitawi fright, fear, apprehension; confusion, coll. kiteuzi (vi-) chem. separator. Cf. teua. (a kind of weed). amepata — cha kutosha. He has really had kitendakazi (vi-) determining/decisive factor. a scare thrown into him. Cf. tisha. Cf. tend a. kitewatewa, kitewetewe (vi-) kitewatewa kitawi (implement used in weav- ^kitawi (vi-) (small worm).

kitendawili, kitandawili (vi-) riddle, puzzle, kitita, kititi adv. 1. in great numbers, in

a problem. kitewetewe (vi-) tega — . propound a riddle, pose see kitewatewa. abundance. 2. all at once, in cash, cash kitaya (vi-) see taya. Cf. tenda. down, amelipa pesa -. He paid in cash.

kithaura* (vi-) dimin. of thaura. 3. suddenly, unexpectedly. kite sing. 1. groan, moan, wail, sigh, cry kitende (vi-) surroundings, environment, (of pain). 2. suffering, torment, grief. tenda. kithiri* 1. grow, become larger, increase. milieu. Cf. ^kitita (vi-) dimin. of tita 3. passion. 4. effort, exertion, straining 3. 2. (also caus. kithirisha) cause to grow childbirth). (as in enlarge, increase, appl. kithiria. 228 kitovu kititi kitoweleo 229 kituo

kitoweleo (vi-) kititi (vi-) 1. dimin. of titi. 2. med. kitoleo (vi-) math, subtrahend. Cf. toa. see kitoweo. kitumbo 1. (vi-) dimin. of tumbo. 2. (vi-) mastitis (inflammation of the mammary abnormally large stomach, obesity, kitoweo, coll.: glands). kitoma (vi-) 1. small round pumpkin. 2. ki- kitoweleo (vi-), toweo (ma-) usinitie - uchungu. Don't annoy me. toma (the pumpkin shell used as 1. something added to food a vessel (i.e., vege- adv. 3. (also kitumbotumbo) on the for milk or water). 3. med. orchitis, tables to meat, gravy, sauce, ^kititi, kitinitini (vi-) hare. hy- curry, etc.), stomach, small prone. lala -. lie prone. relish. drocele. 2. seasoning, condiment, spice. Cf. towea. kitumbotumbo ''kititi sing.: — cha bahari. the depths of the see kitumbo 2. kitone (vi-) (dimin. of ) drop (of liquid),

(ink) blot. Cf. tona. kitreya* LEngl.'} (vi-) tray. kitumbua (vi-) (rice) fritter (fried in fat). \- 4 andazi.) kititi adv. 1. see kitita. 2. upright, in an kitu kitonge (vi-) small lump, ball, morsel. — cha (vi-) thing, object; matter, substance,

erect position, vertical(ly). simama — . be vitu vya wali. small lump of rice (taken in the fingers starehe. luxuries. - kidogo. kitumwa adv. in a servile/obsequious way. upright, stand erect. and eaten). trifle, small matter, hapana -. nothing. Cf. turn a. kititia (vi-) 1. blade, vane (of a fan, wind- kitongo, kichongochongo adv. from the side, kitubio (vi-) 1„ repentence, atonement; (rel.) kitunda (vi-) 1. pawn (chess). 2. dimin. of mill). 2. windmill (children's toy). 3. fig. on a slant, diagonally, obliquely, penance, confession. tazamia 2. punishment, re- tunda. ventilator. tribution. mtu — . look at someone askance/contempt- Cf. tubu.

uously. Cf. tongoza. ^itunga (vi-): kofia ya -. a kind of kititimo (vi-) 1. (rolling, reverberating) noise kituguta (vi-) fez. anat. cheekbone. (= kitefute.) (like thunder). 2. disorder, confusion. kitongoji (vi-) (small) village, hamlet. titima. kituka kitunga (vi-) dimin. 2 Cf. (= kijiji.) (vi-) 1. clump of trees, copse, grove. of tunga. 2. thicket. (= kichaka.) kitungo (vi-) dimin. of mtungo. *kilo (vi-) (also — cha thamani) precious kitongotongo see kitongo. kituko stone, jewel. (vi-) (usually vituko) 1. fear, terror. kitungule (vi-) 1. hare. (= sungura.) 2. fig. kitoria (vi-) kitoria (edible fruit of the East tia fulani vituko. inspire someone with sly, crafty person. African rubber liana, mtoria). terror. 2. excitement, ^kito (vi-) kito (children's game in which ob- confusion, dismay, consternation, alipokuja akaionyesba vi- kitunguu (vi-) onion, jects are hidden and hunted for). shallot. - saumu. garlic tuko kitoroli* LEngl. lorry or Germ. Motorroller? J vingi. When he came, he found things (vi-) motor scooter. in a state of great confusion. Cf. tukia. kituo (vi-) kitoasi, kitoazi (vi-) castanet. Cf. toasi. 1. pause, interruption, rest. 2. stopping place. _ c ha gari. railway kitororo (vi-) ornith. kitukuu, (species of) barbet. kisukuu (vi-) great-grandchild. station. kitobo, kitobwe (vi-) (dimin. of tobo) 3. settlement, establishment, post, camp. 1. small hole, perforation. 2. fig. dimple. - cha kupumzika. (vacation) kitoto 1. (vi-) (dimin. of mtoto) small child, kitulivu adv. quietly, calmly, peacefully. resort. Cf. toboa. _ c ha biashara. trading post, com- baby. 2. adv. in a childish/foolish way. Cf. tua, tulivu. mercial center. - cha mafuta. auto, filling station. kitobwe (vi-) see kitobo. - cha kivita. military base. kitovu (vi-) 1. anat. navel, umbilical kitulizo (vi-) soothing, cord. relief, alleviation, 4. gramm. alama ya -. punctuation. 2, middle, center. 3. home, place of dawa hii ni - fig. cha maumiwu. This medi- 5. section, paragraph kitokono (vi-) (also tokoni, tokono, ma-) anat. (in a book). Cf. origin, enda kitovuni. go home (to one's cine is a sedative/anodyne. coccyx. Cf. ^ua. *tua. birthplace.). 4. hub (of a wheel), (anything

that serves as a) pivot. .

Kituruki 230 kiunga kiungo kiviringo

Kituruki* sing. , —a — kiubavubavu see kibavu. kiungo adj. Turkish. (vi-) ]. something serving Cf. Mturuki, Uturuki. to con- kiimo (vi-) a / so ( c h uno , _) u (m# kiunonj) nect or join: connection, joint, waist. kiuka step/jump/pass over something. coupling, 2. anat. hip, loins. 3. anat. rump, etc. elec. kitusho (vi-) see 2. connection, switch, buttocks. kitisho. (- kia, chupa, ruka, vuka.) Cf. ukiauaji. contact. anal. 3. & mec li. joint, articulation,

4. gramm. 2 kitutumi conjunction. Cf. kiun/a (vi-) a board (vi-) something.causing a rumbling/ kiuma (vi-) 1. something that stings/bites/ unga. placed in a grave to pro- growling tect the sound. Cf. tutuma. causes pain. — mbuzi. a kind of black corpse from contact with earth and -kiungo (vi-) spice, stones. Cf. l unda. lizard {lit.: 'goat-biter'). 2. fork. Cf. uma. seasoning, condiment kitwa (vi-) see kichwa. (sail, vinegar, etc.). 2 Cf. lln ga . kiunzi (vi-) wooden frame, kiumambuzi (yi-) 'goat-biter.' kind of lizard. scaffolding. Cf. 'unda. kitwamgomba see kichwamgomba. uma, * ''kiungo (vi-) Cf. mbuzi. palm-leaf (used as roofing material), kii-siKiisiku (vi-, adv.) see kisikusiku. kitwana (vi-) (dimin. of mtwana) 1. hist. kiumanzi (vi-) kiumanzi (small insect that

slave boy. 2. scamp, brat. kills flies). Kiunguja 1. sing. Swahili dialect of Zanzibar kiva (-) rare harmony, unity; agreement, ap- (as contrasted w. the dialect of the coast kitwea proval. (= uinoja.) sing, solitude, loneliness. kiumbe (vi-) (rare chumbe, vy-) creature, LKimrima], Mombasa of [kimvita], and of (human) being. Cf. umba. Lamu [Kianiu]). adv. 2. inthemanner kivazi kitwitwi (vi-) dress, clothing; style (vi-) ornith. sandpiper. usual (of dress). in Zanzibar. Cf. L'nguja. Cf. vaa. 1 kiumbo (vi-) nature, character, quality. kiu (— ) 1. thirst, ona (wa na) — . be thirsty. kiungulia Cf. umba. (vi-) 1. stomach upset, indiges- kivi (vi-) anat. 2 komesba (kata) — . quench the thirst. 2. fig. elbow. (= kiko.) tion. 2. belching, eructation. - moyo. dryness, drought. — ya maji. water short- med. heartburn, ^kiumbo (vi-) vessel used for holding pyrosis, ianya -. belch. age. Cf. kwiu. J kivi (vi-) see I kiwi. potter's tools. Cf. ungua.

*kiua 1. kivimba (vi-) (vi-) buttonhole. 2. embroidering kiungurumo (vi-) see ngurumo. see kivimbe. kiume 1. sing, male sex. —a — . male, on a kofia. masculine, mtoto wa — . boy. 2. sing. kivimbc, kivimba, kiunguza, kiunguzo (vi-) 1. kivimbo (vi-) 1. me d. masculinity; strength, vigor; heroism. poison, virus. swelling, 2. medicine containing tumor. 2. arch, vault(ing). ^kiua (vi-) kiua (kind of fish). 3. adv. in a masculine/manly way. viruses. 3. acid. girth, Cf. 'lingua. 3. circumference. _ cha dunia. Cf. J-ume. rare equator (= ikweta). Cf. vimba, kiua (vi-): — mwitu. variety of tree. uvimbe. kiunguzo (vi-) sec kiunguza. kiunda (vi-) kiunda (a kind of trap). Cf. ^unda. 4 = kiua (vi-) something that kills kiuaji). ( kiunguana kivimbo (vi-) see kivimbe. 1. sing. Swahili language (term ^kiunga (vi-) 1. suburb(s), environs (of a used in the back country); manners and town). 2. garden, fruit-orchard. — cha "kiua (vi-) dimin. of Tia, ua. kivinvovinvoiiiju 1.i. y\i(vi-) , m- • speech of a ) trembling, well-bred person. 2. adv. in quivering. minazi (michungwa). coconut (orange) a 2. (vi-) confusion, uncertainty, well-bred/cultivated manner. 3.: -a -. clouding kiuaji (vi-) 1. deadly weapon. 2. something grove. Cf. unga. (of the mind). adj. cultivated, 3. adv. tremblingly. civilized. Cf. mwungwa- Cf. that has a deadly effect (snake, poison, vinya. n a, u imgwan a: also Kin guana. etc.). Cf. ^ua. ^kiunga (vi-) kiunga (kind of fish). kiviringo (vi-) see mviringo. kivita 232 uvyazi 233 kiwe

kivita adj.: —a — . warlike, military, mam bo kivumbazi (vi-) see kivumbasi. kiwa adj. (of persons:) poor; solitary, aban- ya — . matters relating to war, military af- kiwango (vi-) kiwango (variety of cowrie doned, outcast; (of things:) solitary, fairs; military iso- actions/movements. Cf. kivumbi (vi-) 1. dust; vapor, haze. 2. dust- shell). lated. (= upweke, hame, vita. ganjo.) Cf. ma- • cloud, sandstorm. 3. fig. great quantity, kiwa, mkiwa, ukiwa. large kiwanja (vi-) number. 4. fig., coll. crowd, noise, 1. place, plot of land, field. kivivu, kivivuvivu adv. in a lazy /indolent/ confusion, - cha ndege mjini kulikuwa na — . There (eropleni), - cha kutua. air- kiwaa (vi-) see lwaa. bored manner, tazama — look at something a field, landing was great hubbub in the city. Cf. vumbi. field. - cha kurusha roketi. in an indolent/bored launching way (with half-closed pad/platform. - cha michezo. kiwafuwafu adv., rare sideways, eyelids). vivu. anguka -. playing Cf. kivumi, kivumo (vi-) 1. humming, murmuring, field, (sports) stadium, arena. fall sideways. piiBtlir.". 2. foreC01irt: rr,nrt(irarA)_ U- _ 2. H". rurr.cr -ccei- hears::--. ; C kivivuvivu kivuvu. astr. halo see Cf. vuma. of the moon. Cf. uwanja. kiwamba (vi-) see kiwambo. kivo, kizo (vi-) (great) quantity, kiwara* abundance; kivumo (vi-) see kivumi. (vi-) flat land, plain, savannah. = kiwambamoyo (vi-) see kiwambo. superfluity, surplus. ( ^wingi.)

adj. kiwavi (vi-) kivunde fermented, (wa) — por- 1. larva, gru b, caterpillar. kiwambaza (vi-) see kiambaza. ridge 2. kivoteo* lEngl. J (vi-) vote, ballot. of manioc meal which has begun to chrysalis. 3. (variety of) stinging ferment. vunda. nettle (Tragia Cf. furialis, Tragia Scheffleri). kiwambo, kiwamba, kiambo (vi-) tension, kivukizo (vi-) see kifukizo. Cf. wan a. tautness; something stretched tightly, cov- kivunga (vi-) {dimin. of vunga): — cha ering. - cha ngoma. drumskin, drumhead. 1. ford, . nywele. long, thick hair. kiwe, kawe, kijiwe, kikawe kivuko, kivusho (vi-) crossing; (vi-) 1. dimin. of kiwamba cha moyo (or kiwambamoyo) jiwe. (_ — kikavu. isthmus. 2. crossing place, 2. cha uso) pimple, rash (on the anat. diaphragm. Cf. wamba. kivunjavunja, kivunjajungu face). landing stage. 3. ferry time/fare. Cf. %-ua. (vi-) zool. mantis (so called from the superstition that the

kiwanda (vi-) 1. person who kills a mantis will break plot of ground, yard. kiweko (vi-) kivulana (vi-) {dimin. of mvulana) boy, the 1. base, support, prop, under- 2. working place, workshop, next thing he touches; cf. vunja and jungu). factory, plant. pinning. 2. basis, young man. fig. foundation. Cf. - cha jotojoto. heat-treatment plant. weka.

kivunjo (vi-) (act - cha kufanyia unga wamaziwa. kivuli, kifuli (vi-) 1. shadow, shade; shaded 1, of) breaking, splintering. powdered- milk 2. med. fracture. 3. auto, processing plant. - cha kutoa nguvu kiwele (vi-) udder, place, lala kivulini. lie in the shade. breakdown. mammary gland (of animals; za umeme (katika mto). 2 4. tool for breaking (hammer, crowbar, etc.). (hydro-)electric cf. z j wa # 2. vision, , ghost. Cf. mwavuli, ) vunja. power station. 3. mine, forge, uvuli. Cf. foundry. 4. pi. industry, (s). kiweo (vi-) thigh, Cf. shank, ham. (= paja, kiga.) uwanda. kivuno (vi-) rare 1. kivumanyuki (vi-) kivumanyuki (hardy plant, harvest, yield. 2. gain, profit. vuna. kiwete 1. (vi-) lameness, Pentas purpurea). Cf. crippling, enda -. be lame, kiwanda (vi-) rare see kimanda. limp, 2. (vi-) a lame person,

kivusho (vi-) see cripple. 3. adv. in a kivumanzi (vi-) small bell, cowbell. kivuko. limping way, like a cripple. kiwango 4.: -a -. adj. lame, crippled. (vi-) 1. number, quantity. 2. cal- kivyao (vi-) see kivumbasi, kivumbazi, (rare) kifumbazi (vi-) kizao. culating, computing; computation. 3. fig. kiweto (vi-) hen that does kivumbasi (a fragrant wood which, when status, not lay. (social) position. C f. '^wanga. kivyazi ground up with oil, is used as a perfume or (vi-) see kizao. kiwewe (vi-) confusion, to keep off mosquitoes). dismay, astonishment. . .

234 235 kizuka

kizee *kiwi, kiwiwi, kivi (vi-) 1. stick set against kiyoga (vi-) dimin. of uyoga. (vi-) 1. old woman. 2. sorceress kizingiti (vi-) 1. threshold, sill, lintel

a door to hold it shut. 2. bolt (on a door). witch. Cf. zee. = ( top or bottom piece of a door or kiyombo (vi-) bark cloth, window). 2. dam, weir. 3. reef, bar. kizembe (vi-) 'kiwi (vi-) 1. (also — cha macho) blinding, 1. indolent, relaxed posture; kiyowe (vi-) see yowe. (fig.) bad behavior. 2. adv. dazzling (by the sun, etc.). 2. delu- in an idle/ J fig. kizingo (vi-) twist, turn, bend (of a road, indolent/negligent sion. ukiwi. manner. Cf. zembe, Cf. river). Cf. zinga. Kiyunani* 1. sing, (ancient) . mzembe, uzembe 2. adv. in the (ancient) Greek manner. kiwiko (vi-) anat. wrist, ankle. — cha -kizingo (vi-) sand (from the 3. —a — . adj. (ancient) Greek, Hellenic. kizibau seashore). mkono. wrist. — cha mguu. ankle. (vi-) see kisibau.

Jkizio (vi-) 1. halt a kizibo (vi-) 1. stopper, plug, spigot, (of round body, e.g., kiwi 1 i (vi-) eth. community, common interest, tap. kiyuyu (vi-) kiyuyu (poisonous shrub, fruit). 2. fig., geogr.: - cha 2. (act of) stopping up, filling up. 3. dunia. kazi ya — . cooperative work (regarded as a fig. Synadenium carinatum). hemisphere. stopgap, (temporary) expedient. social obligation of all village dwellers). Cf. ziba.

kiza (— , ma-) see giza. kizibuo (vi-) corkscrew. Cf. ziba. ^kizio (vi-) {also - cha simu) elec. msu-

lator. Cf. ' zia. kiwiliwili (vi-) 1. body, trunk. 2. fig. kizalia (vi-) kizalia (someone who was born kizidishe* (vi-) math, multiplicand. girth, size, volume. Cf. mwili. Cf. zidi. in a particular place, native), mimi — cha kiziwi (vi-) 1. a deaf person. 2. a coconut

hapa. I was born here. I am a native of kizidisho* (vi-) math, multiplier. Cf. zidi. that has dried up inside (i.e., kiwimawima, imaima adv. in an upright posi- shell without this place. — cha Tanga. someone born meat or milk; compare Germ, tion, head up, top uppermost; erect, verti- eine taube in Tanga, a native of Tanga. zaa. kizimba, Cf. kizimbi (vi-) 1. birdcage, dovecote. Nuss?). Cf. ziwi, ukiziwi. cal, straight. Cf. wima. 2. jur. witness stand.

kizamaji (vi-) something thrown into the kizo (vi-) see kivo. kiwimbi 1. (vi-) small wave, ripple. 2. adv./ water; (pi.) jetsam. Cf. ^zama. kizimbi (vi-) see kizimba. adj. wavy, undulating. Cf. wimbi. kizuio, kizuizi (vi-) 1. obstacle, impediment. kizamani* adv. in an earlier way, earlier, kizimwe (vi-) hot. blight, smut grains). 2. restriction, limitation, kiwiwi (vi-) see *kiwi. (of curb, prohibition. formerly. Cf. zamani. C f. zima, zimwe. Cf. zuia.

Kiyahudi* 1. sing, the . kizamiadagaa (— ) kizamiadagaa (kind of kizimwi (vi-) liter. L fairy, sorceress. kizuizi (vi-) see kizuio. 2. adv. in the Jewish manner. 3.: —a — bird, kingfisher). 2. evil spirit. Cf. zimwi, mzimu, kuzimu, adj. Jewish. Cf. Myahudi. wazimu. kizuizini (vi-) detention (by police, as in Mau kizao, kivyao, kivyazi (vi-) rare 1. produce, Mau Camps). Cf. zuia. kiyama*, kiama (— ) Isl. resurrection, day of production. 2. product. Cf. zaa, zao. kizinda (vi-) 1. virginity. 2. virgin, weka judgment. (- ufufuo, which is used in -. preserve virginity, tomoa -. deflower. kizuizui (-) kizuizui (children's both Moslem and Christian contexts.) game, simi- kizazi (vi-) 1. procreation, reproduction; 3. anat. hymen. Cf. zinda. lar to blindman's buff).

progeny, offspring, hana — . she is child- kiyambaza (vi-) see kiambaza. less. She cannot bear children. 2. birth. kizingia (vi-) something that revolves/whirls, kizuka (vi-) 1. apparition, vision. 2. liter. 3. generation. — hiki. the present — cha maji. whirlpool. Cf. zinga. fairy, spirit. 3. kiyana* (vi-) earthenware dish. window. Cf. zua, Izuka. (living) generation. Cf. zaa, uzazi. kizuli 236 kodole kodv 237 koka

kizuli (vi-) koba* (vi-) (augm. kodwe small see kisuli. of mkoba): fanya — . be (-) stone; piece, man fin games), kohl* (-) m in. antimony, kohl (for applica- convex/bulgy; belly out a sail). die. Cf. jiwe, mbwe. (of Cf. tion to the eyes as a cosmetic). (- wanja Kizurigu ]. sing, (collective term for kuba, kubaza. any) wa manga.) Cf. mkahale.

European language, —a — . adj. European. koeka see ngoeka.

2. adv. in the European manner. 3.: ki- kobati* [Engl. j sing, cobalt. koho*, korho (-) koho (species of hawk or zunguni. arch. European quarter in an kofi (ma-) 1. (also ukofi) palm of the hand, eagle).

I kobe (— ) 1. land tortoise. 2. Isl. a person African town. Cf. zungu, mzungu, handbreadth. piga makofi. clap, applaud. 2 2 Mzungu, Uzungu. who breaks his fast during Ramadhan. 2. (also ukofi) handful. 3. slap, box on kohoa cough, caus. kohoza. re/7, jikohoza. the ear. 4. hand clapping (with a clear dance). one's throat (from embarrassment or to I.: I.- /..: \ attract attention). Cf. kohozi, kikohozi, ukohozi. dizziness, kofia* (-) headgear, cap, kizunguzungu sing, indisposition. *kobwe (— ) kobwe (variety of bean). fez. - ya bulibuli. embroidered white Cf. zungua. cap. - ya kitunga, - ya kohoo (ma-) see kohozi.

kibandiko. ordinary cap/fez. — ya zari. ^kobvve (— ) kobwe (kind of snail). kizushi (vi-) 1. innovator, revolutionary. cap decorated with braid. kohozi, kohoo (ma-) 1. cough. 2. expec- 2. intruder. 3. novelty, sensation. toration, phlegm, mucus. Cf. kohoa. '-'kobwe (— ) clapping (with cupped hands). zua, ^zuka. X koga Cf. (ma-) 1. mold, mildew, blight, dry rot. koikoi fanya (ota) -. moulder, rot, become moldy. (ma-) 1. evil spirit. 2. heron, stork. koche (ma-) koche (fruit of the dwarf palm). kizuu (vi-) kizuu (evil spirit). Cf. zua, — la meno. tartar on the teeth. — yamaji. Cf. mkoche. 'zuka. seaweed. 2. fig. moldiness, mustiness; koja (-) koja (ornament worn around the uncleanliness, foulness. — la nguo. neck). kocho adj. shrewd, experienced, clever, ex- - la dhahabu. gold necklace. klabu* (vi-) see kilabu. slovenliness = of dress. pert. ( bingwa, hodari, stadi.)

^koja (-) koja (metal pot). kliniki*, kiliniki LEngl.J (— ) clinic. 2 koga show, explain, kochokocho adv. in great abundance, demonstrate. Cf. — clinic. ya watoto. children's ^mkogo. numberless. kojoa urinate, appl. kojolea. cans, ko-

josha/kojoza. dawa ya kukojosha. di- k.m. abbr. for example, of kwamfano. e.g. J kodi* 1. rent, lease, caus. kodisha. ni- koga see *oga. uretic. Cf kojozi, kikojozi, mkojo.

memkodisha fulani shamba. I have leased koa (ma-) 1. metal ring (worn as an orna- a field to X. 2. (— ) rent, lease; tax, kojojo (ma-) sea slug, beche-de-mer. 'kogo (ma-, -), mkogo (mi-) anat. the back ment around the neck or on the arm). duty, taratibu za — . tax regulation. of the head, occiput. 2. leather strap/belt. — . tax-collector. kojozi mtoza Cf. mkodi, uko- (-) 1. see kikojozi, mkojo. 2. ko- dishaji. jozi (species of banana with diuretic ef- ^kogo (-) kogo (string of beads worn by ^koa 1. be sharp/pointed, kisu kinakoa. fect). Cf. kojoa. women around the loins). The knife has a sharp point. 2. fig. be kodoa (usually — macho) look fixedly, stare.

attractive. appl. kodolea. stare at. caus. kodosha. koka 1. (usually - moto) kindle a fire. kogo (ma-) gape, goggle. conceit, presumption, arrogance. 2. warm oneself at a fire. ^koa (ma-) snail, slug; snail-shell. kodolea opp/. of kodoa. kogo* I Engl, cargo] (-) rare, naut. dock. 2koka = kuoka = (inf. of oka). ( gudi, majahabu.) 238 kolt koli 239 komba

^koko (ma-) 1, bush, thicket, kokoto (ma-; us. wilderness. pi.) crushed stone, mako- koli* (_) 1„ nauU s hip' s papers. 2. list, komakanga (_) ornith. 2. see kokwa. index. (species of) finch. koto ya kupigilia. (rough) gravel (for making concrete), makokoto ya kutomelea. paving komamanga (ma-) pomegranate. 2 2 kololo (ma- ll Cf. mkoma- koko* [Engl.] (-) cocoa. Cf. mkoko. manga, 2\] an ga .

kokwa, koloni* [Engl.] kokoa 1. sweep up/away. 2. wash away. koko (— , ma-) 1. fruit-stone. 2. nut. (ma-) colony, colonial prop- komanguku (-) komanguku (a erty, wild herb, appl. kokolea. maji yameukokolea mcha- — ya jicho. eyeball. 3. coll., anat. (— za afisi ya makoloni. Colonial Office, Crotalaria senegalensis). uhuru wa watu nga. The water has washed away the sand. chini/pumba) testicle. wa makoloni. freedom for the colonial peoples. Cf. kikoloni, mkoloni, komanya rare know, understand. uknlnni. (= faliamu.) ciow, cttcKie. caus. komanza. inform, announce; explain. kokomea drive/knock/wedge in. Cf. kongo- 2 koma stop, end, cease; come kola see kc to an end, reach komanza caus. of komanya. a goal/destination, prov. lisilo na mkoma hujikoma lenyewe. A matter that has not komaza caus. *kole (ma-) coconut-palm branch. Cf. Ankole of komaa. kokomoa (& intr. kokomoka) 1. throw been up, settled settles itself, caus. komesha. vomit. 2. fig. blurt out. put a stop to, bring to an end, terminate; komba hollow kole (ma-) hostage (someone held as surety out, scratch out; press out, cut short, curtail, amekomeshwa. He has empty; for another's debt). koleza 2. scrape off, clean out. - kokomoka intr. Cf. dafu. of kokomoa. been compelled to stop, komesha maneno. scrape out the meat of a coconut. - - cut off a debate, komesha vita, break off kolea 1. season, ngu. clean out a pot. kokona, prepare (foods). 2. fig. /i>.-fulani mali. sosona wipe oneself with leaves hostilities. Cf. ^ikomo, 3mkoma, ukomo, take the make something appear attractive (by arts money out of someone's pocket, (after a bowel movement). ukomeshaji. impoverish/ruin of persuasion), caus. koleza. 1. - ko- someone, double appl. kombelea. lea. 2.: koleza moto. start or encourage double appl.-intr. kombeleka. kokoreka see kokoleka. 2 koma (ma-) koma (edible fruit of the mkoma). amekombeleka. a fire (with oil, etc.). He has lost his last cent. He is completely ruined. Cf. komboa, kokorocha see korocha. koma (ma-) ikombe, kolego (ma-) spade, shovel. koma (spirit of a deceased per- 3kombe, Ikombo, 3kom bo, kikomba, son). kikombe, kikombo, ukombe. kokota draw, pull, drag. — gari. pull a wagon.

kolekole (— ) kolekole (large fish). fig. — maneno. speak slowly or with dif- 4koma* 2 komba ficulty. — roho. be short of breath, [Engl.] (-) comma. (-) 1. zool. galago (which drinks

koleo, kweleo (— , ma-) 1. tongs, pincers, the sap breathe with difficulty. — kazi. work of the coconut palm). - wa Bukini. pliers, forceps, tweezers. 2. koleo (a komaa be lemur. coll.: slowly, appl. kokotea. intr. kokoteka. 1. full-grown/mature (people or ani- 2. mlevi kama -. a heavy long pole with a bent end for picking fruit mals). 2. be over-ripe drinker (lit..- one who caus. kokoteza. refl. jikokota. drag one- (fruit). 3. fig. be drinks like a komba). from trees). 3. notch in an arrow. decayed/ruined; self along, move slowly /with difficulty. lose strength/vitality; be demoralized, caus. 3komba Cf. kokotevu, mkokoto. komaza. 1. aid/pro- (_) komba (kind of fish). koleza 1. caus. of kolea. 2. make someone mote/encourage development/growth. 2. de- accountable for another's offense or debt; moralize, kokotevu adj. slow, hesitant, dilatory. ruin. kombaini* [Engl, combine] (-, ma-) 1. keep back/withhold something. Cf. ^kole. Cf. kokota. union, alliance , club. 2. sport combined komafi (ma-) komafi (fruit of the mkomafi). team. kombamoyo 240 komiti

komitii 241 kongoa

kombamoyo (ma-) roof-beam, rafter. komboa 1. get out, scrape out. 2. buy off, komitii* (-) see komiti< redeem, ransom; free, liberate; frel.J save, ^onde (ma-) fist. piga _ kombamwiko usoni# stfike _ (-) cockroach. (= mende.) redeem. — deni. pay /settle a debt. reft. some one , n the komo (ma-) see face with the fist. kikomo. fig. j jikomboa. buy oneself off; p Ra recover/recoup moyo -. display courage/manliness. kombati (ma-) see kumbati. (one's losses, in gambling, etc.). appl. Cf. konzi. komoa inv. of komea. kombolea. intr. komboka. caus. komboza.

Cf, *komba, ^kombo, mkombozi, ukombozi; *kombe (— , ma-) 1. a bivalve shellfish. 2 komoo expulsion, konde (ma-) (-) exorcism. - ya koikoi. (small) field, cultivated — ya pwani. oyster (= chaza). 2. dish, also (dial.) gomboa. plot of exorcising of an land. |i ma evil spirit. Cf. komea. _. cultivate a plot plate. 3. anat. shoulder-blade, scapula. of land.

— la kichwa. skull. Cf. *komba. kombora* (ma-) bomb, shell, grenade, rocket.

^ompania* LPort. °konde ma -) stone, — dogo. (hand-)grenade. — la atomiki. j (-) mil. company. ( pit (of fruit), (= kokwa.) atomic bomb. — la hydrogen, hydrogen ^kombe (—) kombe (a climbing plant yielding 2 bomb. kompania* (_) see ikondo (-) arch., poison for arrows). kampuni. liter, battle, combat, war. (- vita.) komred* kombozi (ma-) see ukombozi. tEngl.l (_) comrade. ''kombe (— ) gouge, scraper. Cf. *komba. kondo (_): _ ya nyuma> afterbirth> siku kome (ma-) pearl oyster (Cassis madagas- komwe y& ( ma -) komwe (seeds of 4 the mkomwe; kondoni. period of a woman's kombe (—): kunywa — . treatment by a recovery cariensis). Cf. *kombe. used as counters in playing bao). after childbirth. witch doctor (the witch doctor writes on a

plate which is then washed and the off komea close, bolt, latch (a door). — mlango. kona* (_) secret meeting place; a kondoo (_) sheep. _ water drunk by the patient). second dume. ram. - jike. bolt a door. appl. komelea. intr. komeka. establishment ewe. maintained by a marriedman manyoyaya-. (sheep's) wool, caus. komeza. in v. komoa. 1. unbolt. for his mistress. fleece. Cf. kikondoo. kombeo, kumbewe (ma-) sling, catapult. 2. fig. free, liberate. 3. fig. dishonor,

—. throw by use a piga of sling. bring into disrepute. komeo. Cf. 2 konesha* kona* L Engl (_) [.EnglJ sport throw a J corner „ corner (football). Cf. 2kona> *kombo (ma-) (usually makombo) 1. piece, komeo (ma-) bar, bolt, latch (on a door or konda waste away, become thin/emaciated, fragment, morsel. 2. leftovers, crumbs. window). Cf. komea. lose ^onga one's strength; pine away, become old/weak/sickly, sili makombo ya mtu mwingine. I don't languish. caus. - kwa njaa. kongesha. become emaciated from star- make old, wear out. eat another man's crumbs. 3. fig. trash, komishena*, komeshena \_Engl. J (— ) com- pass. vation, appl. koitdea. caus. Jongwa. Cf. kikongwe, 2k„ missioner. kondesha. ngoka , kon junk. Cf. komba. goja , refl.-caus. kongwe, mkongojo, jikondesha. languish, pine mkongwe, ukongwe. away, grieve. ^kombo (ma-) pardon; reprieve, amnesty. komisheni*, kamisheni tEngl. J (— ) com- 2 konga (-) konga (dance). omba —. beg pardon, pa — . grant pardon. kondakta* tEngl.'] (ma-) conductor. Cf. komboa. konge pi. pf ukonge. komiti*, komitii, kamiti tEngl. J (—) com- kondavi, kondawi (ma-) string of mittee. — ya uchaguzi. pol. electoral beads worn ^kombo (ma-) 1. curve, bend, twist; crooked- around kongoa the loins by women. draw (pull, tear, committee. — ya kawaida. standing com- break) out, extract; ness. 2. hook, hooked implement. 3. fig. disconnect. - msumari mittee. — ndogo. subcommittee. (ji„o). pull out a fault,. defect; difficulty. 4. fig. fad. kondawi (ma-) nail (tooth), appl. see kondavi. kongolea. take apart/ 1 Cf. komba. to pieces, intr, kongoka. become discon- nected, come apart. kongoja 242 konokono kon 243 koplo

konsonanti* kongoja walk unsteadily, stagger, totter, appl. (a children's game, in which one child walks [Engl.] (-) phon. consonant. koo (ma-) anat. throat, kongojea. fimbo ya kukongojea. walking on stilts and represents a stork). Adam's apple, craw. kontinenti* stick, cane, appl.-refl. jikongojea. walk un- [EnglJ (-) geogr. continent. 2 la koo (ma-) 1. a breeding steadily with the aid of a cane. Cf. konga, kongowea rare greet (in a servile way), salute. - Afrika. the continent of Africa. female animal. - la kondoo. brood mkongojo. ewe. - la kuku. brooding hen. kontrakta* 2. fig., coll. mistress, ^kongwa (ma-) arch, slave stick (a pole with [Engl.] (_, rare ma-) contractor. prostitute. kongojo pi. ukongojo. See mkongojo. of a forked end and a cross pin, used for 3 konya koo pi. iukoo. shackling slaves by the neck). float, hover, swing, rock, wave, of A flutter, kongoka intr. pf kongoa. bendera inakonya.The flag waves. caus. koongo, sep tnnyeza. koroneo (ma-) 1. rl,»p reSE ; G:. :_ .j.. earth; drainage, catchment. ^kongoka be old. Cf. ^konga. fodder, Commelina bracteosa). 2. ravine, gully. 2konya 3. hole dug for planting seed. (-) konya (a children's game). kongomana 1. come together, assemble, meet, Ikongwe (— ) mus. soloist, leader of a chorus/ gather. 2. crowd/pack together, pile/heap/ konyeza {caus. konya) kopa (ma-) (usually choir, toa — . lead (singing), start a song (in of 1. give a sign/ makopa) (pieces of dried) signal; stack up; weld together, agglomerate. 3. be which others join). wink, beckon; warn. ass. konyezana. wink/make joined/united. a gesture at each other (as a sign of mutual 2 understanding or as a greet- kopa* [Port -) ^kongwe (— ) kongwe (a perennial plant, Aneilema J ( ma cards (suit of) hearts, kongomea join, put together, fasten, nail, ing). 2. (ma-) see konyezo. aequinoctale/sinicum). Cf. konyezo, ace of hearts. attach, hang up. Cf. kokomea. mkonyezo, ukonyezo.

3 ^kongwe adj. old, worn-out. bibi kikongwe. kopa 1. borrow, take on credit, konyezo, nimemkopa fastening, konyeza (ma-) sign, signal; kongomeo (ma-) connection. wink; rafiki a very old woman. Cf. *konga, mkongwe, yangu fedha. I have borrowed money warning. Cf. konyeza. from my friend, kikongwe, ukongwe. prov. kukopa rahisi, kulipa ^kongomeo (ma-) anat. larynx, Adam's apple. natanga. Borrowing is pleasure, paying konyo (ma-) great number, abundance. - la back is pain. Cf. koromeo. konje (— ) zool. konje (species of marten). caus. kopesha. lend, extend nazi. a great quantity of coconuts. credit. cheat, 2. defraud. Cf. ^ope, kikopo, mkopaji, kongoni, kuguni (— ) zool. kongoni (species of konjo (ma-) see konzo. mkopeshi, mkopo, ukopaji. konyoa, kongonyoa, konoa tear/pluck/pick off. antelope: , gnu, ). (= nyumbu.) - maua (matunda). pick flowers (fruit). _ (augm. mkono) 1. (fore-)paw. kono (mi-) of kope, kopo (ma-) loan, credit. maungo. divide/separate into parts. Cf. 3kopa. kongonyoa see konyoa. 2. handle, grip. 3.: — la tembo. trunk of an

elephant. Cf. mkono. 2 konzi (_, -) kope (-) burnt end a ma 1. fist; a blow with the fist. of wick. kongoro (-) old bull. Cf. konga. piga -. strike with the fist. 2. the open konoa see konyoa. hand. handful. kope 3. Cf. ^onde. (-, ma -) anat. eyelash, eyelid, kwa - kongosho (— ) anat. pancreas, thymus, sweet- la juu na chini. in the twinkling of an eye. bread. ) slug, snail. (= koa.) Ikonokono (ma-, — konzo, konjo (ma-; augm. of mkonzo), ukonzo, Cf. kikope, ukope.

ukonjo (konzo) stick, rod, pole (with a kong'ola, gong'ota 1. beat (hides, in preparing ^konokono (— ) konokono (variety of tree, hardened tip, used as a hunting kopesa: weapon or i, - macho, blink, wink, leather). 2. hammer (metals). Annona squamosa). pit traps). koplo* [Engl.'] (wa-) mil. corporal. kongoti (ma-) 1. ornith. heron, stork. 2. kongoti kopo 244 koromo korone 245 koti

korofi* 1. adj. rough, wild, brutal, cruel; un- Ikopo see kopc. (ma-) ikorongo korofi (ma-) see lucky, ominous, disastrous, 2. (— ) koongo. offense; sin; lack, deficiency, tia kosani. species of bird supposed to bring bad blame, rebuke; (a accuse. Cf. kosefu, mako- 2 kopo* [Port.] (ma-) 1. metal vessel, can; 2 luck). Cf. korofika, mkorofi, ukorofi. korongo (ma-) 1. heron, sekano, mkosaji, stork. 2. fig. long- ukosekano. pan, pot. 2.: samaki ya —. canned fish. legged person. 3.: — la maji ya mvua. gutter, eaves, rain- korofika* be ruined, suffer misfortune, caus. kosa (_) kosa (sheaf of 60 cornstalks). spout. someone, bring some- korofisha. ruin/injure ^ororo, kololo (ma-) ornith. crested guinea luck/misfortune. korofi. one bad Cf. fowl (Guttera kosakosa adv. pucherani). Cf. ^anga. almost, nearly. kora, kola rare please; be enough/sufficient,

suffice. kikora, kikore. Cf. korofindo* [ ? Cf. KhpL carbine. Germ. Flinte -kororo 'Se. u uu'/. incorrect, erroneous; (ma-) med. Basedow's disease, faulty, ? ] (—) arch, muzzle-loader, musket. defective, kazi ni -. exophthalmic goiter. The work is defecth korani*, kurani (— ) Koran. Cf. ^osa. korofisha* caus. of korofika. 3 kororo (cultivated) field, garden, sing, (sound of) heavy breathing, kore (-) rare kosha* [indj (_) (sweet) palm wine. kikore. snoring. Cf. 2koroma. plantation. (= shamba.) Cf. koroga stir (up), mix, shake; (fig.) agitate,

provoke. — simu. si. call someone up on the koshi* Oers.] (ma-) slipper. (-) see koho. = simu). korosho (ma-) cashew korlio* telephone. ( more formal piga Cf. nut. Cf. mkorosho. mkoroga, mkorogo, ukorogefu. kosi (ma-) anat. (nape of the) neck, cervical korja [lnd.~\ korija (unit of quantity korota* rare 2 korija*, snore, pant. Cf. koroma. vertebra, coll. vun ja -. break one's units). neck. used in selling: score, 20 korokoni* (-) see korokoroni. Cf. kikosi, ukosi. korowai (-) korowai (a variety of rice).

korja* (-) see korija. korokoroni*, korokoni, kirokironi, kirokoroni, ikota (ma-) curve, bend, hook, crook. - la njia. (-) 1. jail. koroweza karakoli, karakoni [Turk.'] 1. confuse, embarrass, baffle, dis- bend in a road. rare altogether, throughout. concert, koro adv., 2. rare guardhouse, police station. take aback. 2. rare seize, grasp (by the throat); catch (a ball, a thief). 3„ 2kota (ma-), kikota (vi-) (sweet) arch. fig. rack one's brains (over millet-stalk ^oroboi* [Engl, carbine ?] (-) ^koroma (ma-) koroma (coconut when almost something). (chewed like = Cf. makorowezo. candy). muzzle-loader. ( gobori.) ripe). Cf. kikoromeo.

korti* [Engl 3kota inf. of ota. J ( ma .) see 2^ 2koroboi* [Engl, carbide?] (-) small lamp. 2 koroma 1. breathe heavily, pant; snore; groan,

(like a cat). 2. (ma-) (also koromo) sigh; purr kotama (-) short, curved knife (used for slash- ^osa 1. err, be mistaken, make a 3 [.Engl, call a boy or crew boy ? ] snoring; groan, sigh; purr(ing). Cf. mistake. koroboi* snore, ing the bark of palm trees in order to collect nimekosa. I was mistaken, (-) arch, native child employed at a koromeo, kikoromeo, mkoromaji, mkoromo. haikosi. undoubt- the sap for making palm wine). edly, doubtless. 2. do wrong; mission. Cf. boi. (rel.) sin, commit a sin. 3. lack, be wanting. 4. (ma-) anat. 1. larynx. 2. esophagus, be un- kote koromeo {loc. of -ote) adv. 1. everywhere. successful, not achieve 2 always korochakorocha, kokorocha poke, 2 one's purpose. korocha, gullet. Cf. koroma. 3. red. kotekote: kisu kinakata -. The knife 5. deviate, go astray; miss one's mark. - stick, pierce. cuts on both edges. njia. lose 2 one's way. pass, koswa. be with- koromo (ma-) see koroma 2. out a means of escape, get korodani* [Pers.'] (-) 1. sheave (of a pulley). into a cul-de-sac. 2 koti* ass. kosekana. [Engl.] (ma-) coat, jacket; be missing/lacking. 6. (women's) 2. anat. scrotum, testicles. (ma-) two-piece suit. error, mistake; blame, censure; wrong, 1

kuba koti 246 kuba 247 kue

kubazi*, kubadhi (ma-) sandal. (= ^koti*, korti lEngl.j (ma-) lawcourt Cf. kikristo, mkristo, ukristo; also masi- kiatu, kucheza sing. see mchezo. = hiya. koshi, mtalawanda, ndara.) ( baraza, hakumu, sheria). — kuu, — rufaa. kuchi court of appeal, supreme court. (— ) gamecock, fighting cock. kubla* (_, ma-) ^kua grow, grow up; be increased/enlarged/ see kuba.

magnified, appl. kulia. caus. kuza. 1. kuchwa see chwa. *koto (— ) 1= arch, obligatory labor (of a slave). kubwa adj. 1. big, large, great, mji raise, rear, cultivate; (fig.) increase, mkubwa. 2. (also kotokoto ) extra earnings (from jobs a big/large city. 2. important, magnify, magazeti yaliikuza habari hii. The fig. signifi- kudhamini* sing, surety, security, outside of one's regular working-hours). bail. Cf. cant, influential. newspapers have magnified/blown up these mtu mkubwa. an important/ dhamini. influential personage. 3. reports. 2. phot, enlarge. — picha. enlarge essential, princi- koto (ma-) large fishhook (for catching - pal; i . = - serious, . _..i n r l i._.i _.__ i. i _ weightv. npnr. _ a w e ;„v, ty L-mJI... — .,„:* ( \ . i— i (juuiugiap... n.uu, ^ui.vu, ^.^u..u, v _, ,„„. Ill - a ^;. r fila „ c v Komamanga,). sharks). utterance. 4. old, dignified, mkulivu, mkuzaji, ukuaji, ukulifu, ukuzaji. ndugu mkubwa. Cf. mkudhumani. the older brother. 5. strong, heavy, mvua kotokoto (— ) see *koto 2. kubwa. a heavy rain. 6. loud, sema kwa kudra* (_) ^kua dial, for kuwa, q.v. see kudura. sauti -. speak in a loud voice. 7. real, kotwe (— ) (white-backed) duck (Thalassornis total, utter; regular, confirmed fused with a kudu (-) kudu (kind kuaga, kuagana sing, parting, farewell. Cf. of fish). leuconotus). n. or another adj. simply 1 to intensify its meaning, like the adv. sanaj. mwizi mkubwa. kudura*, kudra (-) rel. rare power, might.

, ma-) kovu. kovo (— see a regular thief. Mtu huyu ni mlevi mkubwa. (= nguvu, uwezo.) - ya the kuagana sing. see kuaga. Mungu. might This fellow is a confirmed drunkard. (= kuu; of God. Cf. makadara. kovu, kovo (— , ma-) scar, mwenye —. a person also cf. kua, tukuka.) Cf. makubwa, mkubwa, kuamkia sing, greeting. Cf. amkia. disfigured by a scar. ukubwa. kuendesha sing, driving. - motokaa. automo- bile driving. Cf enda. kuba*, kubba, guba, kubla (— , ma-) 1. dome, kowana (— ) kowana (edible fish). kubwebwe, kumbwebwe, kumbewe (ma-) sling. cupola, vault. 2. geogr. gulf, bay. Cf.

piga — . throw with a sling. kufa sing, dying, death. - kikuba. ni kubaya. Dying koya rare be contented/happy. is bad. Cf. fa. 3 kucha {inf. cha) kubadhi* (ma-) see kubazi. of 1. dawn, (early) morning koza be bright, shine, rangi hii imekoza. This kufika (inf. fika, (= pambauko.) 2. dark(ness). usika -. the of used sometimes like a is a very bright color. whole prep.) to, as far as. kubali*, kabuli, kibali, takabali agree, consent; night long, amelala -. He slept the amesafiri -Tanga. He traveled to Tanga. acknowledge; admit, approve, appl. kubalia. whole night through. Ikozi (-), kikozi (vi-) (species of) hawk, appl.-ass. kubaliana. be of one mind, be on 2 kufuli* (_, ma-) padlock. intr. kubalika. kucha (ma-) good terms with each other, {augment, of ukucha) claw (of a ^kozi (— pinnule, fibrous sheath (of the ) be acceptable, be deserving of recognition. lion, etc.), talon (of a bird of prey). kufuru* 1. offend, injure. coconut palm). caus. kubalisha. persuade, talk over, prevail .2. rel. abandon a religion, turn apostate, appl. on someone to agree to something. Cf. kufuria. intr. ^kueha pi. of ukucha. kufurika. caus. kufurisha. krimu* {.Engl.1 (-) cream, salve. Cf. ukubali. 3. (ma-, us. pi.)

2.. . sacrilege, kirimu. atheism. - sakramenti. sacrilege. kuchanganya sing, (act of) mixing, mixture. Cf. kafiri, makufuru. kubaza* LPers.'] puff up, swell, be inflated. — chokaa na mchanga. a mixture of mortar -. Kristo*, Kristu [.Port. ?] Christ. Yesu kuba. Cf. and sand. kugesi Jesus Christ. - Mfalme. Christ the King. (-) (also kigesi, kigezi, vi-) anklet. !

kuguni 248 kuli kulia 249 kumbe

kuguni (— ) see kongoni. kukurika* 1. be excited/upset/distressed. 2 kulia (-) right side. pol. be sad/depressed/melancholy. 3. fight, the right, right- kuma (-) anat,., vulg. vagina (= uke). wing, -a -. kuhani* (ma-) see kahini. wrestle. Cf. kukuru. right, mkono wa -. the right

hand. Cf. la appl. kumba 1. push, shove, jostle; butt. 2. destroy, kuhusiana* na... see husu, husiana. kukuru* (— ) 1. excitement, uneasiness. 2. do away with. caus. kumbiza, kumbisha. 2 distress, depression. 3. fighting, wrestling. kulia appl. kua. of push someone aside; push something off on kakara, kikiri, kukurika. kuhusu* {inf. of husu used as prep.) con- Cf. someone; force something on someone. cerning. kulifu see kulivu. kumbizia fulani kazi. push a job off on kukusa be inattentive/careless/negligent/ someone, ass. kumbana. push/shove each kuingiza sing., econ. import(ing), importation. slovenly. kulihali* adv. in any case, at all events. other; bump into each other, collide: hntt Cf. ingia. (each other), fight (cattle, etc.). Cf. ki- 1. shake off (drops water). 2. gasp kukuta of kuliko 1. than (in comparisons), mji huu kumbo, * mkumbizi, ukumbaji. enda. for breath, breathe with difficulty, intr. kujiendesha: —a — . adj. automatic. Cf. mkubwa — ule. This city is larger than that /dried off. kukutika. be shaken off, be dry one. 2. rare as to, as regards. kumba 1. clear out/away, clean/sweep out; kujitawala* sing. pol. self-government, 3 bail (water out of a boat; - vua). 2. make (e.g., the ground autonomy, independence. Cf. tawala. kukutaa be hard, be dried up kulingana na... according to... Cf. linga. a clean sweep of something, monopolize. by the sun). Cf. kukuta, kukutu. appl. kumbia. pass, kumbwa. Cf. ^kumbo, kujitowa sing. — makosa. self-criticism. Cf. kulivu, kulifu adj. 1. lacking perseverance/ mkumbizi, mkumbo, ^ukumbizi. dry. toa, kutowana. kukutu adv.: kauka — . be completely Cf. grit, slack, indolent, apathetic. 2. oppres- kukuta, kukutaa. sive, burdensome, troublesome. 3. tedious, ' kumba, kumbakumba adj. mixed, miscella- kujiua sing, suicide. Cf. ua. boring. Cf. kua, ukulifu. neous, heterogenous. kukuu adj. see kuukuu.

side a kuke, kuuke sing. 1. the female (of kuliwi (— ) kuliwi (species of insect). 4 kula eat. Cf. la. kumba (-) kumba (kind of fish). family), loc. kukeni. on one's mother's

side, jamaa ya kukeni. relatives on one's kulia* see kila. clamp. kumbakumba mother's side of the family. 2. rare: mkono kulabu*, kalubu (— ) hook, see kumba.

la — . left hand. Cf. ke. kuludhu* (— ) see kiludhu. 2 la, kulasitara* (-) ornith. (black) heron. Cf. kumbati, kombati (-) pole (used in building

stiri. houses). kuki (ma-) see mkuki. kulula* rare be superior, surpass, excel. = ( shinda, pita.) 1. that, in that place. 2. adv. there, kuko adv. there, in/to that place. - huko. in kule adv. kumbatia embrace, take in the arms. intr. place, red. kulekule. in that very that very/same place. in/to that kumbatika. caus. kumbatisha. ass. kumba- kululu 1. (ma-) kululu (large kind of cowrie place, kule-e-e! (in giving directions, etc.) tiana. mtoto alikumbatiana na mamaye. The shell of very small value), 2. fig., adv. of Way over there! A long way off! child and its chicken, hen. mtoto mother embraced each other. Ikuku (— ) poultry, fowl, little value, amepata — . He has received

wa — . chick. something utterly worthless. sing, upbringing, (traditional) education. kulea kumbe interj. expressing surprise. — ni yeye

Cf. lea. aliyevunja nyumba! So he is the one who there, in that very ^kuku adv.: - huku. right kululu (ma-) kululu (species of locust). broke into the house. Ah, — kila mtu ni place. 1. dock-worker, longshoreman. kuli* Llnd. ] (ma-) tayari ila mimi! So everybody is ready except

kulungu, kuungu, kungu (— ) kulungu (species 2. fig. dock, wharf, shipyard. me of antelope, bushbuck, Tragelaphus

sylvaticus ). Ikumbewe (ma-) see kubwebwe. kumbe kuna 250 kuna 251 kungwala

kunazi* 3. memorial, [PersJ (ma-) kunazi (fruit of the ^kumbewe (ma-) see kombeo. monument, statue, jumba la kunge, kungu, kungugu mkunazi, (_) fog, mist. jujube). Cf. mkunazi, kikunazi. makumbusho. museum. Cf. kumbuka.

*kumbi, kutnvi (ma-) 1. vegetable fiber ^ungu (ma-) kungu (edible kernel of kunda (ma-) the mkungu kumbwaya (— ) 1. kumbwaya (kind of drum which kunda (a kind of vegetable (usually from coconut palm leaves. 2. chaff. fruit). Cf. 2 mkungu. similar to spinach). stands on legs). 2.: ngoma ya — . kind of dance. ^kumbi (ma-) 1. circumcision hut (where boys kungu (ma-) see jungu. kunda see kunja. stay before and after being circumcised). kumbwe (ma-) coll. bite, taste, snack. — na 2. rare circumcision. 3 kinyweo. food and drink. kungu (-) see kundaa be small/underdeveloped/stunted/ kulungu. J,.,„.r„j. -ill-, ... ..^.u, omiiiji, smivti, mtu aiiyekundaa. ''kumbi pi. of ukumbi. kumbwebwe (ma-) see kubwebwe. 4 dwarf, pygmy. kungu (-) see kunge.

kumbikumbi (— ) winged white ant (especially kumi 1. ten. —a — . tenth. 2. (ma-) decade (of kunde pi. of ukunde. kungugu (-) see 2 kunge. when in the edible flying stage). a month). — la kwanza (kati, mwisho). first (middle, last) decade. 3. a tenth, tithe. kundi (ma-) herd. 1. _ la wanyama. a herd of kungumanga (-) nutmeg. Cf. mkungumanga; Cf. kikumi. *kumbo (ma-) destruction, cattle. devastation, annihi- 2. swarm, flock. _ la ndege (nyuki). also basibasi.

lation, depopulation. Cf. kumba. a flock/swarm of birds/bees. 3. group, kumoja (— ) one (and the same) kind, uniformity, band, troupe, makundi makundi. in large kunguni (-) 1. bug, bedbug. 2.: - mgunda. homogeneity. Cf. moja. groups/crowds. ^kumbo (ma-) see kikumbo. - la manowari. naut. an insect which eats the roots of growing

flotilla, squadron. - la askari. mil. plants. kumpuni (— ) see kampuni. squadron. 4. an unregistered kumbufu adj.: mtu mkumbufu. a person with a association; (rare) (political) party. - la mbele. comm. kunguru good memory. Cf. kumbuka. kumunta see kung'uta. (_) ornith. (species of) crow (Corvus vanguard. albus). kumbuka remember, call to/bear in mind; recog- kumunto (ma-) see kung'uto. kundu (ma-) anat. anus. {- mkundu.) nize, appl. kumbukia. caus. kumbusha. Cf. kunguru (ma-) blue and white checked cotton kumbufu, kumbuko, kumbukumbu, kumbusho, ^kumvi (ma-) see kum'bi. cloth. Ikunga kikumbuko, mkumbufu, ukumbuko, ukumbusho. fold, hem, seam, edge, trim (with tape). — nguo. hem/trim a garment. kung'uta, kumunta 1. shake, shake off. - ^kumvi pi. of ukumvi. kumbuko (ma-) 1. memory, recollection, remem- mavumbi. shake off dust. 2. separate, sift, brance. 2. reflection, consideration, thought. kunga 1. instruct, teach (especially in con- winnow. 3. check carefully, examine, ^kuna there is/are in that place, shambani — Cf. kumbuka. nection with the initiation of boys and girls scrutinize, reft, jikung'uta. shake oneself. minazi. There are coconut-palms in the when they reach sexual maturity). 2. (ma-) Cf. kung'uto, mkung'uto. kumbukumbu (ma-, — ) 1. - kumbusho. 2. plantation. — nini? What's the matter? secret. Cf. kungwi, Imkunga, ukunga, memory, ana — nzuri. He has a good memory. ukungwi. kung'uto, kumunto (ma-) winnowing or sifting Cf. kumbuka. ''kuna scratch, scrape, grate. — nazi. remove basket. Cf. kung'uta. 3 kunga (-) : ya the meat of a coconut from the shell, reft. - uzazi. anat. umbilical cord. kumbusha caus. of kumbuka. jikuna. scratch oneself. Cf. kuno, mkuno; kunguwala see kungwala.

also kunyua. kunge (-) 1. wood-fiber. 2. center of a tree, kumbusho, kumbukumbu (ma-) 1. memory, re- heart. kungwala, kunguwala stumble. collection. 2. memento, souvenir. kungwi 252 kupia

kupita 253 kushoto

kungwi (ma-) , ngungwi (-) 1. midwife. 2. kunradhi* interj. Excuse me! Pardon me! Cf. assistant at initiation rites, mimi ni radhi. fig. kupita see 1. pita. 2. than (in comparisons). kurumbizi, kurumbiza (-) ornith. golden — lako. I understand the matter better than nyumba oriole hii knbwa - il e . 9 This house is larger (Oriolus oriolus). you do. Cf. kunga. kunvnu (ma-) empty husk/spike (of grain). than that one. (- pepe.) — la mawele. empty /withered ear kurunzi*, hurunzi (-) 1. flashlight, searchlight. kungwia (-) kungwia (kind of dance). of millet. kuponi* [Engl.l (-) coupon. 2. (cigarette-)lighter. kuni pi. pf ukuni. kunusa sing, sense of smell. Cf. nuka. kupua 1. shake out/off; drop. _ nguo. throw kurupuka be surprised/startled/frightened. off one's clothes, _ fig. ma li. waste/ caus. kurupusha. startle/frighten kunja someone. (dial, kunda) fold (up), close (e.g., a kunyanzi (ma-) 1. fold, crease. 2. fig. wrinkle. squander property. 2. pour out, spill. _ refl.-caus. jikurupusha. rise with a start, pocketknife), wind up (string, etc.); (naut.) Cf. kunja. maii. snill w»t»r ~->„7 I i.-_ . i - rr „ napuna. MU. KUpU- iuuse oneseif. furl, take in (sail), fig. — uso. wrinkle the ka. 1. be shaken off; be an outcast/fugitive. forehead, make a face. — uzi. wind up yarn. kunyata press, squeeze, refl. jikunyata. 2. fig. be depraved/infamous (in character). kurupusha caus. of kurupuka. coll. mkewe amemkunja. He is henpecked. 1. embrace. 2. fig. be depressed, mbona Cf. m4

kunjua uso. smile, inv. -refl. jikunjua. be 2. hole for planting seed, bed. 3. cultivated kusa caus. of kuta. hospitable/obliging. kunjo, kunjufu, Cf. plot/parcel of land, nyosha — . mark out a kurani* (-) see korani. kikunja, kikunjo, mkunjaji, mkunjo, uku- field. kusanya (double caus. of ^uta) collect, gather, kurasa* njufu. pi. of ukurasa. assemble, pile up, accumulate. - mali. kuona sing, sensation, feeling. — kwangu. accumulate wealth. - jeshi. assemble an kunjama stat. of kunja. in opinion. ona. my Cf. kurea (-) ornith. kurea (species of king- army. intr. kusanyika. ass. kusanyana. fisher). assemble, meet together. Cf. kusanyiko, kunjo (ma-) 1. fold, crease. 2. wrinkle. - la kupa* (ma-) side-piece of a pulley. mkusanya, mkusanyiko. nywele. lock of hair. Cf. kunja. kuro (-) zool. kuro (species of antelope, = kupanda sing, planting-time. ( wakati wa —.) waterbuck). kusanyiko, kusanyo (ma-) 1. gathering, assem- kunjua inv. of kunja. Cf. panda. blage (without special purpose), crowd. 2. kuru* (_) (solid) cylindrical object. Cf. gathering-place. Cf. kusanya. kunjufu adj. serene, untroubled; frank, honest; kupasuliwa sing., med. operation. — kwa : mzinga.

friendly, cordial, obliging; cheerful, genial. moyo. heart operation. Cf. pasua. kusanyo (ma-) see kusanyiko. kunja (inv.), ukunjufu. Cf. kuruba* (-) curve, bend.

kupe (— ) (cattle-)tick. kusha caus. of kuta. (ma-) 1. scraping, scratching. 2. product kuno kurubia see karibia. of scraping/scratching, that which has been kupia 1. wink, blink. 2. nod, doze, nap. kushoto (-) left side. pol. the left, left-wing, scraped/scratched off. kuna. Cf. kurumbiza (-) see kurumbizi. -a -. left, mkono wa -. left hand, kutoka - kwenda kuume. from left to right. 254 kutowana kusi kutu 255

kutu sing. 1. rust, ingia _. to rust. 2. (plant) kusi*, kussi (— ) 1. south wind, south monsoon. 4^^ / # u lc U ta. kuwa (dial, kua) p f conj. 1.: ya -. (so) that, (in south-southwest monsoon. blight. 2. period of the order) that. 2.: kwa -. because. (May - October). 3. ioc. kusini. in/from the kutaa dry up, wither. (= nyauka, kauka. kutua, gutua 1. jerk, cause a shock, pull south. (sud- kuwadi* (_) see kawadi. denly). 2. fig. land (of airplanes), intr. kutana ass. of kuta. kutuka. be kusi. shocked/startled/frightened. kusini* Ioc. see kuwi (_) kuwi (a fish). caus. kutusha. shock, frighten. Cf. mkutuo. kutano (ma-) {usually mkutano) 1. meeting, kussi* (—) see kusi. kuwili gathering (with a definite purpose). 2. adv. in two ways, in a double way. kisu kutuzi (-) (odor of) perspiration. (= kikwapa.) chenye makali -. a assemblage, crowd. Cf. kuta. double-edged knife. Cf. knetnhnni*. kiistahini. kustubani (— ) see "i!i. kutwa see chwa. kastabini. kutawala* sing, government, rule. Cf. tawala,

utawala. kuyu (-) wild fig. Cf. mkuyu. kuu kusudi*, kasidi 1. intend, purpose, have in adj. 1. large; great, important; distin- guished, plan, propose, us. appl. kusudia. prominent, eminent, famous. 2. old, view, kutayarisha* sing, preparation. Cf. tayari, kuza caus. of kua. experienced. intr. kusudika. caus. kusudisha. 2. {also Cf. makuu, mkuu, ukuu; also tayarisha. kua, kasida) (ma-) intention, purpose, plan, aim. kubvva. kuzaliwa sing, birth. Cf. zaa. to. 3. adv. intentionally, on purpose; in order kuti (ma-) leaf (of the coconut palm). Cf. ukuti. amevunja makusudi. He broke it intentionally, kuuke sing. see kuke. kuzi (-, ma-) water-jug (with one or two amesafiri - akamwone. He traveled with the kutoingilia(na) sing., pol. non-intervention. handles). (= mtungi, chombo.) see intention of seeing him (or: in order to kuukuu, kukuu adj. worn-out, old, useless. Cf. ingia. = nia, mradi.) Cf. him). ( shauri, maana, Cf. kikuukuu. kuzika, kuzikani, kuzikwa sing., rare burial, makusudio. funeral kutoka prep, from, out of. - pale, from there. (= maziko). Cf. zika. 2 kuume sing. 1. male/paternal side (of a Cf. toka. family). Ioc. kuumeni. ^kusuru* try hard, make an effort, do under on one's father's kuzimu sing, realm of the dead, underworld; side, great exertion. jamaa ya kuumeni. relatives on one's (rel.) limbo, difficulties/with kutokana na... according to, as a result of. Cf. amekwenda — (or: kuzimuni). father's side. 2. right side, i —a — . right. He is dead. Cf. mzimu, wazimu, tokana ( toa). zimwe. 2 mkono wa -. right hand. kasa. Cf. ume. 2kusuru* shorten, lessen, reduce. Cf. 9 kuzumburu (-) kuzumburu (species kutokujua sing, ignorance, Cf. jua. of bird, 2 kuuganisha sing, collectivization. Cf. unga. Colivus leucatis). Ikuta come upon, meet, run across (someone or other). kutoshambulia, kutoshambuliana sing., pol. non- something), ass. kutana. meet (each kuungo (-) kuungo (oval stone, used to smooth k. v. abbr. pact. of kama vile, that is, for example create. aggression, mkataba wa — . non-agression caus. kutisha, kusha, kusa. produce, the surface of pottery). (i.e., e.g.). kusanya, shambulia. kutisha mashaka. create doubts. Cf. Cf. mkutano, mkuto. kutano, ^ikuti, kuungu (-) see kwa prep. kulungu. 1. with, by means of, by. safiri _ kutota sing, degeneration. Cf. tota. motokaa. travel by automobile, andika -

2 satisfy (hunger). (- shiba.) kuvu (— , ma-) mold, mildew, blight; fungus, Kiswahili. kuta appease, write in Swahili. 2. because of, as kutowana sing.: - makosa. criticism. - makosa lichen. a result of. walikimbia - hofu. They fled na kujitowa makosa. coram, criticism and self- be- cause of 3 eggs. (= taga.) 1 fear. 3. with, to (a person), at/to kuta: - mayai. lay criticism. Cf. toa. kuvuli rare: mkono wa — . the right hand. home of... kaa _ fulani. live/stay with/at !

kwaa 256 kwanua

kwanyua 257

the home of someone, kwenda — fulani. go kwakura scratch the ground (with the claws). to (see, visit) someone. 4. in, for (a period kwanyua see kwamyua. kwaruza scrape, 1. scratch. 2. be rough/gritty/ time), safiri of — miaka mitatu. be away for , kware, kwara (— ) ornith. partridge. uneven/bumpy. Cf. kwaruzo, mkwaruzo. three years. — mwezi miwili. in two months. kwanyulia appl. of kwamyua.

5. according to. — maoni in kwama 1. stick, be stuck/jammed, yao. their amekwamwa kwaruzo (ma-) file, rasp. Cf. kwaruza. kwanza adv. opinion. 6. forming adverbs: — haraka. na mwiba wa samaki. A fishbone is stuck in first, at first, in the beginning. -a hastily, quickly. — siri. secretly, mysteri- his throat. 2. naut. run aground, be stranded. -. adj. first. Cf. anza. kwasi rare 1. be rich/wealthy/affluent. 2. adj. ously, mara — mara. again and again. — 3. fig. be in a difficult situation, inv. kwamua. rich, wealthy; extravagant, wasteful. loosen, free, lkwao l s moyo. by heart. — miguu. on foot. — kujua. extricate, inv.-appl. kwamulia. - " -ao. 2. loc. poss. 3rd pers. (- tajiri.) Cf. mkwasi, ukwasi. deliberately. kwaa. plur. 7. forming conjunctions: — Cf. to/with/from them, to/at/from their kiiwa. sincp Kprsnw, _ S2 babu («»). sir.ce, U «.» I,-- — ctay . v.Vlu inciii, siay at their ^kwata 1. (also kikwata) adv. on because. foot. 2. (-) 8. interr. — nini? why? 9.: — heri! kwamba (also ya — ) conj. 1. that, in order that, house. 3. (ma-) birthplace, home. mil. drill, review, parade, maneuver. Cf. Good-bye in order to. alisema (ya) ... He said that... kiatu, kwato, liwato. 2.: kama — . as if. alisema — ana 9 kama kwao, kwazo (ma-) obstruction, impediment. kwaa (and refl. jikwaa) bump, stumble (against, hakika. He talked as if he were sure. 3.: njia ya -. a rough, stony road. 2 Cf. kwaa. kwata (-): _ jeupe over), slip. — na jiwe. stumble over a stone. — ... — . whether ... or. — ni view an — ni (jekundo). white (red) sweet potato. fig. 1. be mistaken/wrong. 2. hestitate, ya vibaya. whether it is good or bad. 3 kwao (-) ornith. brown-headed parrot. falter. 3. be pugnacious/quarrelsome. kwato (ma-), amenikwaa. He is trying to pick a fight with kwamua see kwama (inv.) and kwamyua. ukwato (kwato), kikwato (vi-) hoof kwapa 2 (ma-) anat. armpit, chukua (futika) (of an animal). me. caus. kwaza. Cf. kwao, kikwazo; also Cf. kwata. kwapani. carry something kwama. kwamyua, kwanyna, kwamua, kwanna pick, under the arm. Cf. kikwapa. kwatua clean. pluck, tear off, break off (fruit, branches), _ shamba. clear a field, pull weeds, refl. jikwatua. clean/spruce kwadragesima* [Lat. J (— ) see kwaresima. appl. kwanyulia. intr. kwanyulsa. oneself kwapua see kwepua. up. kwaje interrog. how? in what way? why? kwanga (— ) zool. rock rabbit (hyrax, coney). kwara (-) see kwale. kwaya* [Engl.] (-) choir, chorus; choral music, kwangu 1. see angu. 2. loc. poss. 1st anthem. kwaju (—) tamarind (fruit of the mkwaju). — pers. sing, to/with/from me, to /at my ^warara (-) ornith. (species of) ibis. kwaza caus. of kwaa. kwajuka fade, deteriorate, become ugly, house, kaa — . stay with me, stay at my house. shrivel up. kwarara pi. wild fruit. kwazi (-) ornith. kwazi (variety of fish-eating clean, scrape, scour. eagle). kwake 1. see —ake. 2. loc. poss. 3rd pers. kwangua Ikware (-) see kwale. sing, to/with/at/from him (her), his/her kwani (< kwa nini) 1. conj. since, because. kwazo (ma-) see kwao. house, enda —. go to him/her, go to his/her kware adj. lascivious, lewd, prurient. Cf. house. 2. interrog. , si. (pronounced kwa' ) why, for = mkware, ukware. kwea 1. climb what reason. ( kwa satabu, kwa maana, up on, get on top of, mount. -

kwa ajili, kwa kuwa.) mnazi. climb a coconut palm. - kwako 1. see —ako. 2. loc. poss. 2nd pers. meli. go on kwaresima*, kwadragesima [Lat.'] (-) rel. board a ship. 2. mount, cover, sing, to/with/from you, to/at/from your copulate with Lent. kwanua see kwamyua. (of a male animal). 3. go up, rise, become house, ja — . come to you, come to your higher, appl. kwelea. house. rare: mawimbi ya kwaru (-) ornith. Grosbeak weaver (= yombi- kwelea. surf, high seas, appl.-intr. kweleka. yombi, katadole). caus. kweza. raise, increase, kweza bei. raise prices, kweza mashua. pull a boat 259 kweche 258 k.w.k. laghai

onto the beach, refl.-caus. jikvveza. kwenzi (— ) ornith. starling.

exalt oneself, boast, brag. Cf. ^kweleo,

kwezi, tnkweo, mkwezi, ukwezi. kwepua, kwapua take/snatch away, steal. Cf. mkwepuzi. la 1, eat. eat 2. up, devour, consume; use up. iaanifu* rare, accursed, damned. Cf. kweche (ma-) old, worn-out vehicle. fig., dial, itakula siku nyingi. It will last for laana. kwesha fix, fasten. many days. 3. eradicate, destroy, fig. — (= kwechi (—) ornith, bishop bird. chekechea.) fedha. spend money, appl. lia. lia viapo. to labda*, labuda adv. perhaps, possibly, kweta flounder, flop, struggle. take oaths, {lit. to 'eat' oaths, since various probably. kwekwe (— , ma-) weed. tribes contract oaths by eating sacrificial kwetu 1. see -etu. 2. loc. poss. 1st pers. foods siii.li as uie flesh of sheep, cow's iabe* see labeka. plur. to/with us, at our home. kweleka appl.-intr. of kvvea. blood, etc.). mwiko wa kulia. spoon, intr.

lika. be edible; be eaten (up), be consumed. . labeka*, lebeka, labe, bee, abe, ebee! interj. kweu (—) see kvveupe. tunda hili haliliki. This fruit is not edible. At your service! Yes, sir ^kweleo (— , ma-) see koleo. (ma'am)! (formerly used by slaves). kweupe, kweu (—) light, brightness; bright sky, caus. lisha. 1. cause to eat, feed, pasture,

^kvveleo (ma-) peg (or notch) in a tree-trunk good weather, leo ni — . There is fine weather lisha ng'ombe. put cattle out to pasture. 2.

(to facilitate climbing). Cf. kwea. today. fig. bribe, corrupt, pass. liwa. ass. Jana. labuda* see labda.

rare. ,eat together/in company, usually kweli 1. (— ) truth; truthfulness, honesty, kweza caus. kwea. of appl. -ass. liana, refl.-appl. jilia. be ladha*, laza, ludha (— ) 1. odor, aroma, fra- — The truth hurts. candor, colt. inauma. selfish; (wilfully) waste, squander, double grance (used for either pleasant or unpleas- Where truth climbing, twining plants). — ikisimama, wongo hujitenga. kwezi adj. (of Cf. caus. lishisha, lishiza. nourish, support, ant odors, but rarely for unpleasant; - onja, is, falsehood must yield. 2. adv. indeed, kwea. care for. Cf. chakula, kilaji, malaji, ma- harufu). — ya kahawa. the aroma of coffee.

really. — . adj. truly, honestly, 3.: —a lisho, m lisha, mlisho, mla, mlaji, mlo, 2. taste. kwikwi (—) hiccup, sobbing. true. Cf. ukweli. ulaji, ulio.

ladu* und. J (— ) a confection made of kwembe (ma-) 1. ornith. crowned hornbill kwingineko adv. elsewhere. Cf. ingine, = and sugar or meal and syrup. ^la* no, not so. ( siyo, sivyo, hakuna, (Lophoceros melanoleucos ). — maji. African pengine. woolly-necked stork (Dissoura episcopus). hapana, hasha.) kwini* LEngl.J queen. (— ) lafidhi* (— ) see lafudhi. 2. fig.: domo la — . a walking-stick with a

handle shaped like the bill of the kwembe. kwinini*, kinini LEngl.J sing., pharm. quinine. la conn, ji- cl.: tunda — mti. fruit of the tree. lafua 1. be greedy /voracious. 2. be very

hungry, intr. lafuka (in an int. sense), be kweme (— ) kweme (seed of the mkweme plant). kwisha 1.: —a — . last, final. 2. adv. then, laabu* amuse, entertain (oneself). insatiable. Cf. lapa, mlafi, ulafi. subsequently, alikula chakula — akaenda kwenda prep, (going) to. amesafiri - Tanga- zake. He ate his meal, then he went away. laana*, (ma-) curse, imprecation; (rel.) nyika. He traveled to Tanganyika. — baharini, lafudhi*, lafuzi, lafidhi (— ) 1. pronunciation, Cf. ^sha. damnation, ana — la wazee wake. He has sea-going (vessels). Cf. enda. accent. 2. style, manner of speaking. 3. been disowned by his parents, Cf. laani, excuse, evasion.

kwiu (— ) (pangs of) hunger, craving (for meat). laanifu, maleuni, mlaanifu, ulaatiifu. kwenu 1. see -enu. 2. loc. poss. 2nd pers.

to /with you, to/at your home, Cf. kiu. plur. lafuzi* (— ) see lafudhi. laani*, lani curse, damn, execrate, swear at.

see enye. k.w.k. abbr. of kadha wa kadha and so forth, intr. laanika. caus. laanisha. pass, laa- kwenye laghai*, raghai, ragai 1. deceive, cheat; con- etc. niwa. laana. Cf. fuse. 2. (ma-; also mlaghai, wa-) cheat, swindler. 3. adj.. false, fraudulent. Cf. uragai. laha 260 lala lalamika 261

laha* (— ) rare piece/sheet of paper. Maki*, lakki [lnd.~] (-) 1. hundred thousand. forgiveness. appl. = ukurasa.) lalamia. caus. lalamisha. ( lango (ma-) (augment, 2. great pass, of mlango) 1. large number. lalamiwa. Cf. Ialamiko, mlalamishi, door, gate, portal. 2.: malango. initiation ulalamishi; also lalaika. laika, (of boys and girls ulaika (ma-) 1. body hair (on the hands, at puberty; cf. kunga, z laki* (go to) meet, greet, welcome. jando, unyago, arms; cf. vuzi). 2. down (of birds). mizingu;. lalamika see lalama.

lakini*, walakini, ilakini conj. but, however, langu poss. pron. 1st pers. laiki* 1. be suitable/appropriate/proper. 2. sing, ji- cl. Ialamiko (ma-) nevertheless. (usually malalamiko) appeal, see -angu. (— ) suitability, appropriateness, what is entreaty, supplication; request, petition. fitting/proper. 3. adj. suitable, appropriate, Cf. lalama. Iani* s lakiri*, lakri [.Port. J (— ) sealing wax. ee laani. proper (usually in reference to actions /be- h.airinr). maipnrln vaL "snam'.sik:. His iamba, ramba lick. appl. lao lakki* (— ) see laki. lambia. intr. la- poss. pron. 3rd pers. pi. actions are just what you would expect of ji- d. see mbika. caus. lambisha. give -ao. him. someone a taste of something, arouse lako poss. pron. 2nd pers. sing, ji- cl. see someone's desire for something, -ako. appl. -cont. -appl. lambitia. lapa eat greedily/hastily, laini*, leini, lainifu adj. 1. delicate, soft, make be famished. Cf. someone's mouth water, arouse strong desire. Iafua, mlafi, ulafi. fine, smooth, thin, pliable. 2. fig. gentle, Cf. mlamba, lakri* (— ) see lakiri. lambilambi, ulambilambi. good-natured. Cf. lainika, ulaini. lapulapu (-) sandals. lambilambi lala 1. lie, lie stretched out, be horizontal; lie adj. soft (of something lainifu* see laini. that can be down. — macho, lie awake, mstari uliolala. licked off). Cf. Iamba. lasi* [Pers J (-) lasi (kind of silk cloth: horizontal line. 2. sleep, go to sleep. — pongee, shantung). lainika* be soft/delicate/smooth, fig.: 1. be usingizi. sleep soundly. 3 fall down, col- lambitia appl.-cont.-appl. soothing/reassuring. 2. be spoiled/pam- pf Iamba. lapse. 4. tr. sleep with, have sexual inter- latamia 1. see atamia. 2. rear, pered. 3. be gentle/good-natured, caus. fig. bring course with (a woman), appl. lalia. sleep lambo (ma-) weir, dam, dike. up (a child). lainisha. soften, smooth; (fig.) ease, alle- on (in, etc.). intr. lalika. kitanda hiki viate, pass, lainiwa. Cf. laini. lami*, lammi hakilaliki. This is not a good bed to sleep (-) 1. l ue . latifu* g 2 . pitch, tar. bara- (-) goodness, kindness, gentleness. bara in. caus. Ialisha, laza. put to bed, put to ya -. asphalt street, paka _. lainisha* caus. of lainika. tar some- sleep; sport) defeat, beat, timu hii thing. latitude* (fig., [Engl.} geogr. (_) latitude. imewalaza kwa mabao matano. The team has Iainzimani* [Engl. (ma-) sport linesman. J lammi* beaten them by five goals, ass. lalana. (-) see lami. lauka intr. of Iawa. sleep with each other, have sexual inter- laisensi* (— ) see leseni. course, refl.-caus. jilaza. rest, take a rest. lana* (ma-) see laana. laula* rare: kama -. if not , unless. Siwezi amejilaza apumzike. He is lying down to kumaliza kazi hii - laiti* interj. would that..., if only... — kama nitapata msaada. take a rest. Cf. kilalio, kilalo, malale, ma- ^anda, randa I cannot finish this work angalikuja. If he would only come! rare be like/similar, unless I get help. 2 resemble. lalo, mlalaji, mlalavi, mlazi, lulalo, u l a l , = - baba yake. ( isipokuwa, ila.) He looks like his father, ass. landana. resemble laka* {.Germ. Lack? J (— ) sealing wax. tia each other, look alike. lalaika rare complain, groan (from hunger, laumu* (= fanana, Iingana, 1. criticize, reproach, blame, — . seal. Cf. lakiri. -a sawasawa.) accuse. pain). lalama. (= karipia, Cf. kemea, suta, shtaki, hatia, nenea.) 2 2 appl. Iaumia. intr. laumika. lake pass. pron. 3rd pers. sing, ji- cl. Ianda* (-) see randa. caus. lalama (and intr. lalamika) 1. groan, complain, laumisha. (also w. int. force:) see -ake. scold some- lament, wail, cry out. 2. beg for mercy/ one, pass, laumiwa. refl. jilaumu. reproach oneself, blame oneself. 2. (ma-) see lawama. ' .

262 263 lenga

launi* (-) rare. 1. resemblance, similarity. lazimu* must, have to, be obligated; be lega, rega, legalcga, rcgarega 1„ waver, be Ida*, leli (-) rare night. (= usiku.) 2. form, shape, 3. expression the necessary, maneno yamemlazimu. unsteady, (of face). The oscillate, swing, totter. 2. be words have obligated him. loose. appl. lazimia. 3. be indefinite, uncertain, siku ya lde* (ma-) augment, of kilele. intr. lazimika. pass. safari dauni* \_Engl. (make the) rounds] rare walk/ lazimiwa. caus. yangu inalega (legalega). The day of lazimisha (also w. int. force)* force, my departure is indefinite. stroll around. 4. be slack/ leli* (-) see Ida. compel, obligate; punish, refl.-caus. limp; (fig.) be negligent/careless/idle. jilazimisha na... take an interest in/devote appl. legea. caus. launilauni* adv. different, various. Cf. legeza. loosen, slacken, lema (_) dial, fish trap oneself to something, take full responsi- relax, ease (of basketwork). launi. tension; cause to waver/fluctu- bility for something. Cf. lazima. ate. Cf. legevu, mlegevu, ulegevu. dema exorcise a spirit.

legalega see lega. (— ) vanilla. Ie dem. pron. that, those, watu wale, those lemaa 1. be disfigured/deformed/maimed/ people. legeni* legeni mutilated/crippled. 2. he diseased/paralytic; lavya cans, of lawa. (_) (large metal cooking pot). be addicted, mwenye kulemaa maungo. a Ie ( < lake) poss. pron. his/her. jinale. paralytic, legevu adj. loose, amelemaa kwa kuvuta. He is Iawa rare go out. re/7, jilawa and intr. lauka. slack, limp, relaxed; (fig.) his name. addicted idle, easy-going. to tobacco, caus. lemaza. dis- get up/leave one's house early in the Cf. lega, mlegevu, ule- gevu. figure/maim/cripple. 3. (-) defect, morning, intr.-appl. laukia. get up early for blemish, lea rear, bring up, educate; care for, tend. deformity, mutilation. kilema. someone {or to surprise someone), caus. Cf. prov. mwana umleavyo ndivyo akuavyo. As legeza caus. lega. lavya. fig. disclose, reveal. of one rears a child, so it grows (As the twig Memba see remba. is bent, so the tree inclines), appl. lelea. Legiko* see Lejiko. lawalawa, lovulovu (— ) (kind of) candy, dessert. pass, lelewa. amelelewa na shangazi yake. demba (ma-) see l kilemba. He was brought up in his aunt's house. Cf. lehamu* see lawama* (ma-) 1. criticism, fault-finding, lehemu. malezi, mlezi, ulezi. lembea reproach, reprimand, accusation. 2. risk of hand/pass something down to someone lehemu*, lehamu, criticism, responsibility, hatutajitia — lahamu, lihamu 1. solder. (fruit from- a tree, etc.). leba* (— ) rare lie, falsehood, deception. appl. lehemia. kuandika mambo hayo. We are not running nyundo ya kulehemia.

Cf. lebu. soldering iron. intr. the risk/taking the responsibility of writing lehemika. caus. lemea, demea I. press/weigh down, oppress, lehemisha. pass, crush, on those matters. Cf. laumu. lehemiwa. 2. (-) solder, overwhelm, mzigo huu unamlemea.

leba* \_Engl. ) rare labor, waziri vva — soldered joint, soldering, J (— tia -. to solder. This load weighs him down. 2. push forward, _ 2 lawiti* practice sodomy /pederasty. (- fira.) minister of labor. impel. 3. be burdensome/troublesome/ leini* see laini. annoying, pass, lemewa. ass. lemeana.

Iebasi*, libasi .(— ) clothes, clothing. caus. lemeza. pile on, load Maza caus. of lala. up. (- mavazi, nguo.) Lejiko*, Legiko [Engl.] Legico (abbr. of Legislative Council). lenga, linga aim, take aim. - shabaha. take 2laza* (— ) see ladha. lebeka* see labeka. aim at a target, appl. lengea. lekea see elekea.

1. ) necessity, obligation, respon- , , .„ j • lazima* (— ' n r i- i . rt \ u > lebu- rare he, deceive, cheat. Cf. leba. -lenga cut up into sibility. chukua — . assume a responsibility, pieces/slices/strips; clip, lekevu adj. see elekevu. crop, dock. be responsible for, vouch/go bail for. 2. lefti* [_Engl.~\ sing./adj.,, sport left (= kushoto). appl. lengea. ass. lengana.

adv. irrevocably, necessarily. Cf. lazimu. insaidi wa — . inside left (football). ) .

lengalenga 264 265 limbika

lia make a sound/noise lengalenga be on the point of crying, (in gen. , animate likiza rare be tear- lesensi* (— ) see leseni. 1. g i ve a holiday to someone, or inanimate; = ful/lachrymose. toa/paaza sauti, vuma, let go. 2. dismiss, send away. 3. fig. nguruma, imba, etc.): 1. weep, cry. wean (a child). (= leso* L Port. J (— , ma-) 1. leso (woman's acha, ondosha, ruhusu.) mtoto analia. lengelenge (ma-) med. blister (from a burn); kerchief or shawl). 2. rare handkerchief. The child is crying. Cf. likizo. sing, scar, weal, welt; pockmark. 3. scarf, sash. 2. twitter, ndege analia. The bird

is singing. 3. make a loud noise, likizo (ma-) 2 go bang. holiday, vacation. Cf. likiza. bunduki imelia. The lengo (ma-) aim, target; (fig.), goal, objec- leta 1. bring, go and get, fetch. — kiti. pull gun is fired, appl. lilia. weep/mourn for likwama tive. Cf. Ienga. up a chair. 2. fig. produce, bring about, someone, refl.-appl. (ma-) handcart, wheelbarrow. jililia. be result in. vita inaleta uharibifu. War pro- sorry for oneself, caus. liza. iiza bunduki. tire a gun. lilamu*. lensi* (— ) see lenzi. duces destruction. — baina. prove, ass. pass, liliwa. lilam llnd.?] (_) public sale, ass. (rare) letana. appl. letea. appl.-ass. liana. Cf. lio, kilio, malizano, ma- auction. lizi, mlia, mlio, lenu poss. pron. %ndpers. pi. ji- cl. see —enu leteana. leteana barua. correspond (with mlizi, ulizi.

lile each other). Cf. mletaji, uletaji. dem. pron. ji- cl. see le. lenye see —enye. lia appl. of la.

letu poss. pron. lstpers. pi., ji- cl. see —etu. lima 1. hoe, cultivate land. 2. plow. appZ. lenyewe see —enyewe. libasi* (-) see lebasi. limia. jembe la kulimia. a hoe. intr. li- levi adj. drunk(en), intoxicated. Cf. levva. mika. be arable, caus. limisha. Cf. li- lenzi*, lensi [.Engl. J (— ) opt. lens. licha (or - ya) ... hata... conj. not only... maji, kilimia, kilimo, malimo, makulima, levuka (inv.-intr. o/Iewa) sober up, become but (what is more important)... _ ya Said mkulima, mlimaji, mlimo, ukulima, ulimaji.

1. ) the sober. leo (— present day /time. prov. juzi hata Musa amekuja. Not only Said but

najana si kama — . Day before yesterday also Musa has come (Musa being 2 a more lima* (-) wedding feast. and yesterday are not like today, coll. levya caus. of lewa. important personage).

— ni — . today is today. 2. adv. today, limaji adj. engaged in agriculture, agri- caus. lewa. liga si — . a long time ago. ukoloni mambo — levyesha double of rare 1. (ma-) poison. 2. to poison. cultural. Cf. ^lima. = neo-colonialism. ( sumu, sumisha.)

lewa 1. be/become drunk. 2. (also red. lewa- limao* [PersJ (ma-) see limau. lewa) stagger, reel. appl. lewea. caus. lepe (ma-) rare sleepiness, drowsiness. ligi*, ligu [EngLl (-) league, club, asso-

(usually — la usingizi; = usingizi, uzito, levya, lewesha. make someone drunk, refl.- ciation. limatia, lumatia dial, hesitate, delay, stay sinzia.) caus. jilevya get drunk, double caus. behind; be late. caus. Iimatisha. pass. levyesha. fig. confuse, turn someone's ligu* (-) see ligi. limatiwa.

lesani*, lisani (— ) rare tongue, voice, lan- head, pesa nyingi zimemlevyesha. All that

= money has turned his head. kileo, limau*, limao guage. ( ulimi, usemi, lugha.) Cf. lihamu* (-) see lehemu. [PersJ (ma-) lemon.

mleo, levi, mlevi, ulevi, uleoleo. Cf. mlimau.

leseni*, laisensi, lesensi [Engl. J (— lijamu*. luguamu (-) bit (part of a bridle). limbika 1. license, permit, — ya udereva or — ya lewalewa red. of lewa. 1. wait for something to grow/ripen.

kuendeshea motokaa. driver's license. lika intr. of la. - nywele (kucha). let the hair (fingernails) ap- lewesha caus. lewa. grow. — ya bunduki. gun-license, omba— . of — ndizi. let bananas ripen. 2. save,

ply for a license. 2. rare patent. store up. 3. fig. be indulgent/patient. likiza dispose of something quickly, finish, Cf. li aux. v., arch. be. wewe uliye mwalimu. mlimbiko. dispatch. You who are a teacher. limbiko 266 lini 267 loma

limbiko (ma-) see mlimbiko. *linga rare make equal/harmonious, adapt, lipizi ma -; us. ( pi.) L demand for payment Mwata step/tread on. accommodate, usually ass. lingana. fit, Cf. ^wata, liwato. of a debt. 2. extortion, blackmail. 3. re- limbua, rimbua 1. eat the first fruits of a new suit, match; be similar; harmonize, agree. taliation, revenge. 4. rel, atonement, liwato, harvest. liwado (-, -) 2. use for the first time. caus. kulingana na ... according to ... appl. ma 1. flattened grass. penance. Cf. lipa. 2. spoor, trail limbusha. intr. Iimbuka. taste, try out; lingania. caus. linganisha, linganya. (of an animal). 3. butt end of something enjoy an anticipated pleasure, Cf. limbuko. compare; effect agreement/harmony; (mus.) (i.e., the part put on the lipo (ma-; us. pi.) 1. payment. 2. compen- ground). tune (instruments); Cf, ^wata, liwata. check, collate. Cf. sation, reparation. Cf. lipa. Iimbuka intr. of limbua. linganifu, linganisho, ^kilingo, mlingano, liwaza comfort, ulinganifu, ulinganisho, ulingano. calm, reassure; condole, ex- lipu* [lnd.l (_) plaster, stucco. press sympathy. limhllWn (m»- ;, pM Cf. liwazrv m a !;,.. ; ? t m.!;~b»ko (^.: ) 220 .

1. first fruits/benefits. 2. anticipated en- lipuka, ripuka flare "Minga see Menga. up, burst into flames; ex- liwazo joyment/pleasure. limbua. (ma-) rare anything that soothes: Cf. plode; (ft g.) fly into a rage. caus. li- comfort, sympathy, condolence. pusha. Cf. li- explode (something), pass, linganifu, linganyifu adj. fitting, suitable, li- waza. limi adj. talkative, loquacious. Cf. kilimi, puliwa. Cf. mlipuaji, mlipuko. homogeneous, agreeing, harmonious, mlimi, ulimi. sym- metrical. Cf. linga. Iiza (-) see riza. ^isani* (-) lisani (flap under the opening limuka* 1. be sly/cunning. 2. be underhanded/ of linganisho (ma-) comparison. Cf. linga. a kanzu). treacherous, lo det. ji- d.: cans, limusha. (= danganya, - lote. indef. relat. what- ever, hila, hadaa.) Cf. elimu, limuko. no matter what. w. neg. (nothing) linganyifu 2 at see linganifu. lisani* (_) see lesani. all. hakufanya (neno) - lote. He did limuko* (ma-) cunning, craftiness, deceit. nothing at all. lingo pi. of ulingo. lisha caus. Cf. limuka. of Ma.

lo see loo. lingwa be tangled up/caught in something; lishiza linda watch over, guard, protect. — shamba double caus, of ^la. become confused, be perplexed/ — (fig.) (nyuinba). guard a field (house), mil. loa disconcerted. see Iowa, livu* [EnglJ leave, doria. to patrol, refl. jilinda. 1. protect/ (-) leave of absence; break for rest. defend oneself. 2. watch out, be on one's lodi (-) see rodi. lini interrog. when? at what time? guard. Cf. Undo, kilinda, kilindo, mlinda, liwa*. luva mlinzi, ulinzi. (-) liwa (variety of sandalwood). Ioga, roga arch, enchant, lio (ma-) augment, mlio. place under a spell. of Cf. mliwa, msagaliwa. inv. logoa. free from a spell. Cf* m \oz\, ulozi. lindi, dindi (ma-) pit, hole; cesspool, drain. lipa 1. pay, pay for. nitakulipa. fig. liwaa rare forget. — la kupanda mbegu. hole for planting seed. loja see roja. I will pay you back (= get even with you). kitovu cha — . navel. — la choo. cesspool. 2. makeup for, compensate, indemnify. liwado (-, ma-) Cf. kilindi. see liwato. lokalaizesheni* [EnglJ sing, localization. caus. lipisha, lipiza. refl.-caus. jilipiza.

jilipiza kisasi. take revenge. Cf. lipizi, liwali*, luwali, wali (ma-) liwali (administra- lokeshen* tEngl.~} Undo (ma-) lookout, guard-post. linda. ( ma -) location, Cf. lipo, kisicholipwa, majilipo, mlipa, mlipizi, native tive official, headman; generally an Arab settlement area. ulipizi. appointed by the government to handle re- ^lindo (ma-) lindo (a cylindrical box made of lations with the Moslem community). loma (— ) ant-bear. bark). .

lumbv londea 268 lumbui 269 maali

lumbwi, lumbui (_) 2 chameleon. (= kinyo- lungula, londea, rondea 1. hunt/look for something, lozi* rungula 1. take (ma-) almond. Cf. mlozi. nga, kigeugeu.) by force, rob. threaten, want. 2, sponge, live at someone else's 2. extort. Cf. mlungula. expense, caus. luanga (-) luanga (kind of londesha. pass, londewa. bird). lundika, rundika 1. be piled up, be stored. Lusiferi* [Engl.1 rel. Lucifer. gather, Cf. She 2. assemble, store up, accumulate. tani, Ibilisi. longitudo L Engl. J (-) geogr. longitude. ludha* (— ) see ladha. Cf. lundo.

lusu* rare lonjo, ronjo adj., rare big, tall persons). lugha* (— ) language, dialect, maarifa (-) thief, robber. (= ll„j (of ya — Iundo (ma-) pile, heap, a .) stack. Cf. lundika. Cf. ml on jo. linguistics.

luva* (_) see liwa. lungo arch. = 2 ungo. lonyo i.. k—i snow, presentation, demonstra- iuguamu~ \—> see niamu.

luwali* -) tion; ostentation, showing off, bragging. lungu see rungu. ( ma see li wa li.

2. adj. fine, grand, splendid; pretty, smart, Muja* (—) rare thief, robber. (= mwizi, luzu* [.?] coil, chic (of clothes). Cf. ona. mkwepuzi.) broke, on the rocks.

loo, lo interj. of joy or amazement oh! well! ^luja* sing., rare deep thought. (= mawazo,

fikira.) yumo katika — . He is deep in lopoka see ropoka. thought. lori* L Engl. J (ma-) 1. lorry, truck. maabadi* lukuki* Llnd.J (—) countless number, myriad. sing., rel. place of worship. maafikiano*. 2. railw. (open) freight car. maafikano pi. mutual under- Cf. abudu. standing; agreement, settlement, contract, lukuma* (— ) 1. bite, morsel. 2. in- fig. treaty. lote see ote. maabudu* Cf. afiki. ducement, quid pro quo. — yako, basi ni- sing., rel. 1. reverence, worship, religious fanyizie hivi. Here is something for you, observance/service. 2. object maagano pi. lovulovu (— ) see lawalawa. see agano. so you do such-and-such for me. of worship. Cf. abudu.

maagizo Iowa, loa be wet/moist/damp; get wet, be pi. see agizo. lulu* pearl, maadam* 1. conj. (—) ubamba wa — . mother-of- when, while, since, as soaked/saturated, intr. loweka. 1. = long pearl (= lulumizi). as. 2. conj. since, because. _ maaguzi pi. see Iowa. 2. make wet, douse, soak, immerse. umekuja, aguzi. nitakuambia. Since you have 3. be confused/at a loss/perplexed, non- come, I will tell lulumizi* (— ) mother-of-pearl. you. 3.: - ya... prep. maakuli*. makuli pi., plussed, stat. lowama. be in a condition arch, food, victuals, according to, in consequence of. provisions, provender (= of dampness, be wet/soaked. Cf. lowefu. chakula.) lumatia see limatia.

maadili* pi. see adili. maal U m*,maal U mu lowama stat. of Iowa. 1. adj. well-known, fa- lumba 1. rare question. 2. talk, speak; re- mous, acknowledged, esteemed, distin- port; give a (serious, formal) talk/speech. maadini* (_) see madini. guished. 2. adj. special, lowefu adj., rare wet, damp. Cf. Iowa. = particular, ( simulia, hadithia, hoji.) Cf. malumba- characteristic, mwandishi -. specialist, no, mlumbaji. maafa* pi, see afa. expert. lowela settle, establish oneself, remain (in a 3. adv. definitely, certainly; regularly, permanently, certain place). Cf. mlowezi. leo atakujaSaid? lumbui (—) see lumbwi. -. Is Said coming today? Definitely. .

270 271 maarifa mach aguzi

hana — ya kuja hapa. He does not come maandiko ph 1. writing, document; (poh) ^arifa* ph here regularly. (written) statement, communique. — 1. knowledge, information, Cf. elimu. Mata- mabaya ph scence. 1. badness, wickedn ess; - ya lugha. linguistics. spite- katifu. 2. reh Holy Scriptures. 3. {also 2. un- fuln ess, malice. 2. bitterness, derstanding, insight, embitter maalumu* see maalutn. maandikio) preparation, serving food). discernment, erudi- (of ment. Cf. baya. tion. Cf, arifu. Cf. andika, andiko. maambukizo ph see ambukizo. mabembelezo, mapembelezo maarubu* ph, rare ph caressing, 1. literature. 2. content, (concealed) purpose, maandishi ph (ul- coaxing, flattery, cajolery. Cf. bemba.' terior) motive (but not maamkiano ph see maamkio. significance, idea (of a literary work). necessarily bad).

3. theory (in gen.). 4. rare (style of) mabishano pi. 1. quarrel, dispute, alterca- = maarufu* adj. maamkio, handwriting. 5. maandiko 2. 6.: —a — 1. well-known, famous, es- maamkiano, tnaamkizi pL greeting, tion. 2. contradirti'™ ro ;„;_j,_. r- r teemed, distinguished. adj. theoretical. andika, mwandishi. 2. coll. salutation, bow. Cf. amka, amkia. Cf. enthusi- bisha. astic, inveterate, untiring, msikilizaji - wa redio. an inveterate maangalio ph 1. observation, inspection. listener to the maamkizi pi. see maamkio. mabotea pi. plants which radio, come up by chance/ a great radio fan. 2. examination, investigation. Cf. angaa. Cf. arifu. unexpectedly (without seeds having been maamuma*, mahamuma (— ) stupid person, planted). maanisi* attention, attentiveness. ph bride and bridegroom, simpleton, fool. (= mjinga, baradhuli.) maangalizi ph 1. coll. msiende kama -. 2. observation, supervision, care. 3. rare Hurry up! {lit.: Don't Mabruki* pr. n. masc. walk like a bride and bridegroom). maamuzi pi. decision, judgment, verdict. visit. Cf. angaa.

Cf. J amua, maburudisho*. maburudu ph 1. distraction, maasi* P h 1. disobedience, maangamizi ph destruction, ruin, decay, de- insubordination, diversion. ' 2. refreshment, recalcitrance. recreation. cline, downfall. Cf. angamia. 2. revolt, rebellion, insur- maana* (— ) 1. meaning, significance, ma- 3. relief, alleviation, comfort; re- rection. 3. mil. (fy.) desertion. Cf. asi. neno ya — . meaningful words. 2. reason, pairs. Cf. burudi. cause, purpose, intention, objective. maangamizo ph accident, casualty. Cf. maasum* (wa-) see mwasi. 3. {also — ya) conj. since, because, in angamia. maburudu* ph see maburudisho. order that. — yake. namely, that is to say. maawio, maweo, maao maanguko ph see anguko. ph 1. (also - ya jua) maburuzo, maburuzu pi. sunrise. 1. d raft> current 2. east. Cf. 2wa maandalio ph preparation food, etc.). ^ (of air). (of 2. track, rut (left by something maanzilisho ph organization, foundation, — yamkutano. preparations for a meeting. dragged over the ground). Cf. burura. maazimio* ph 1. intention, establishment, introduction. Cf. anza. purpose, aim, Cf. andaa. decision. 2. plan, project, program. Cf. machachari, macharichari ph 1. restless- maawio. maandamano pi. see andamano. maao ph see ness, sleeplessness. 2. awkwardness, clumsiness, ineptitude. maazimo ph 3. harmfulness, maapizo ph see apizo. loan, debt. Cf. azima. maandamizi pi. see andamizi. destructiveness. Cf. chachari.

mabadili*, (a pole mabadiliko ph see maandazi ph see andazi. maarasi* (— ) rare carrying-pole badiliko. machafuko ph 1. disorder, confusion. carried on the shoulder with water in tins 2. violation, infraction mabaki (of a rule or law). hanging from either end). (= mzegazega, pi. see baki. maandikio pi. see maandiko. Cf. chafua. mpika.) mabao ph sport score. Cf. bao. machaguzi ph see uchaeuzi. .

machangamano 272 madakata madanganyo 273 mafaa

madanganyo pi. see danganyo. machangamano pi. see changamano. macho pi. see jicho. madhumuni* (-) intention, purpose, aim.

madaraja* pi. steps, (flight machanganyiko pi. mixture. Cf. ^changa. machozi pi. see chozi. of) stairs, stair- madini*. maadini (-) 1. mineral, metal, ore. way. Cf. daraja. - ya chini. low alloy. 2. metallurgy. machanganyo pi. mixture, mixing up. Cf. machugachuga pi. unrest, excitement, rest- madaraka pL see daraka. Ichanga. lessness. Cf. chugachuga. madoadoa 1. pL spot, blot. 2. adj. spotted, dappled; varicolored. Cf. doa. madarasa* pL 1. see darasa. 2. rare macharichari pi. see machachari. machukio, machukizo pi. see chukio. school, academy. madoido pi. decoration, ornament, embellish- l • _L..l.. .S-L..U...: mauiiu£ti pi. icilovci nuc \\tum trie evening naciiumuv ment. — ya muziki. trill. madati* (-) see inadadi. meal). matubwitubwi pi. med. mumps.

madole pl. : - matano hot. (variety of) fern madenda pi. saliva (which flows from the machungani pi. pastureland, macheko pi. see kicheko. machunga, (P olypodium phymtodes). mouth during 2 sleep). pasturage. Cf. c hunga. machela* LPort.J (—) 1. litter, stretcher. maduhuli* (_) pay, wages; madende pi. rare trill. income, revenue. 2. hammock. machungu pi. see uchungu.

maduyuni* pi. see madevu pi. see udevu, devu. mdeni. macheleo pi. 1. fear, anxiety. 2. trembling, machwa, machweo pi. 1. sunset, dusk.

quivering. Cf. ^cha. 2. west. Cf. chwa. madhabahu* maelekeo (-) 1. place where sacrifices pi. 1. effort, endeavor. 2. ten- are dency, performed, altar. 2. rare slaughter- inclination; talent, gift. _ ya maono. macheo pi. 1. sunrise, dawn. 2. east. machweo pi. see machwa. house. Cf. dhabihu. feeling, ideal. Cf. elea, elekea. 3 Cf. cha. madati (-) opium ball (prepared madadi*, madhabuha* rel. sacrifice, maelezi pi. rare, (-) victim. naut. anchorage. Cf. elea. smoking). iMachi*, Marchi [£ngZ.] (month of) March. for Cf. dhabihu.

maelezo pi. explanation, description, Cf. madaha* pi. self-importance, complacency; madhali* conj. if, in case that; since, elea. ^machi* I Engl. J (— ) march, march-music, be- arrogance. boasting, bragging; presumption, cause; when, while, since. Cf. mithili, . — . play march- enda — to march, piga — ana — . He is conceited, fanya/piga medial i. maendeleo pi. see music. endeleo. show off.

madhehebu* pi. 1. custom, usage; maendelezo pi. see endeleo. machinjioni pi. see machinjoni. 2 principle, madahili* see dahili. tenet. — ya awali. basic principle.

2. rel. creed, maeneo pi. see denomination, sect. U - eneo. machinjo pi. chinjo. madahiro* (-) rare 1. politeness, grace,

ndaji wa — , sectarianism. charm. 2. elegance, distinguished manner. maenezo pi. tendency, trend. machinjoni, machinjioni pi. (rare chinjoni) Cf. enea. madhilifu* pi. difficulty, confusion; mis- 1. (cutting) edge a knife; cf. mafutuni). (of madai* pi. see dai. fortune. Cf. dhili. mafa, mava pi. burial 2. slaughtering place, slaughterhouse. place, graveyard, cemetery, Cf. fa. Cf. chinja. madakata pi. dry leaves (fallen or ready to madhubuti* adj. firm, strict; reliable; accu- fall). rate, precise; mafaa, mafao (fig.) honest, upright. Cf. pi. benefit, profit, privilege, machipukizi pi. see chipukizi. dhibiti. advantage. Cf. faa. . )

magadi 275 ihali 274 mafafanusi

quarrel, dispute. Cf. gomba. time when magamaga 1. walk with the legs wide apart, magombano pL mafungulia pi. (also - ng'ombe) mafafanusi pi. see ufafanusi. A.M.). cattle are driven out to pasture (8-9 straddle, waddle. 2. walk fast. Cf. ki- magombezi, magombezo pi. 1. contradiction, Ifunga. magamaga. dealings. Cf. mafamba pi. secret/underhanded rejoinder, retort. 2. prohibition. 3. en-

mity, hostility, antagonism. Cf. -gomba. papyrus. magangao, magaogao pi. 1. devastation, fa- mafunjo pi. reeds, sedge, mafanikio* pi. prosperity, success. Cf. destruction. 2. ruin, decay, downfall. naka, fanikia. magombezo pi. see magombezi. mafunuo pi. revelation. Cf. funua. magaogao pi. see magangao. mafao pi. see mafaa. flood, magoti pi. see goti. mafuriko pi. 1. rising (of water). 2. (= 3. naut. flood- magendo pi. sellingof crops or other merchan- dis- inundation. gharika.) maficho pi. 1. hiding place, ambush. 2. dise tide. Cf. fura. without keeping records of profits and guise. Cf. ficha. gubika. losses. when entering a city). Cf.

burned in mafusho pi. mafusho (something mafieko pi. see mafyeko. jungle. fuka. m agugu pi. weeds; bush, order to drive out an evil spirit). Cf. magengo pi. contingency (something that will

happen if...); tit for tat, quid pro quo; see finyo. mafinyo pi. (-) affection, devotion, salve, lubri- clandestine bargain, illegal transaction; mahaba*, mahuba mafuta pi. 1. fat, oil, grease, prov. kero- inclination, attachment, sympathy, cant. - Ulaya, - ya taa. petroleum, threat, blackmail, kwa — . on the black -. neap tide. coll. leo maji -. mafu: map - hayanadawa. There is no cure for love. gasoline. - ya uto. market, siasa ya — ya kiini. policy of nu- fishing. sine. - ya motakaa. Today was not a good day for 2 Cf. haba. sesame/semsem oil. tia -. fill up, refuel. clear blackmail. Cf. fa. manner. 2. fig. ingratiating/oily mahabusu 1. (-) prisoner, con- mageuko pi. see mageuzi. mahabusi*, congestion of the mafua pi. med. bronchitis, demned person. 2. (-) rare prison, jail. mafutu pi. anger, rage, fury. respiratory tract, pains in the chest. upper (= korokoroni.) 3. adv.: amefungwa -. mageuzi, mageuzo, mageuko pi. change, a bad cold. Cf. kifua. ana— He has given a jail sentence. blade (as opposed fluctuation, revolution. He has been mafutuni pi. back of a knife mageuzi makuu.

the edge). Cf. geua, mgeuzo. escort; accom- to mafuatano pi. 1. following, mahabusu* (— ) see mahabusi. ya paniment. 2. succession, series. - mageuzo pi. see mageuzi. mas. melody. Cf. fuata. imafuu pi. folly, stupidity. sauti. mahakma* (-) rare place of judgment,

court, Cf. hukumu, hakimu. maghaibi* (— ) see magharibi. see mfukuto. mafukizo, mavukizo pi. 2 mafuu pi. of fuu.

see mahali. magharibi*, maghaibi, mangharibi, ghurubu (— mahala* (-) mafunde pi. see mavunde. mafya pL of jifya. 1. time of sunset. 2. west. — ya kusini. place (in gen.), situa- southwest, nimemtafuta mashariki na — mahali*, mahala (-) instruction, land, pre- mafundisho pi. 1. teaching, mafyeko, mafieko pi. I. clearing tion; area, district, si ... - (po pote). I have hunted for him everywhere (lit.: in instructions, directions (for ground for cultivation. 2. weeding. doctrine. 2. paring - hapa. there, kila -. every- the east and in the west). 3. Isl. evening nowhere. using a device, etc.). taking medicine, Cf. fyeka. - instead of. - pa kufanya prayer. where. pa. nda. Cf. 2fU kazi. place of employment. - pa kanuni

Imagadi pi. soda. kukaa nakulala. permanent place of maghofira* (— ) rel. forgiveness, remission. pa locking, fastening. mafungia pi. closing, - kupigia kura. electoral ghofira, ghofiri. residence. pa 2 Cf. 2 agadi* pi. of Igadi, gadi. Cf. !funga. m precinct. Cf. pahali. .

maingiano majilisi 276 maingilio 277

adj. 1. skilful, adroit, nimble, place. mahiri* maingilio, maingiliano pi. 1. approach. 2. in- mahame, tnahamo pi. deserted majaribu* pi., rel. temptation. Cf. jaribu. = agile, dexterous; clever, quick-witted, terference, intervention. — ya kivita. ( hame, kihame, tongo.) Cf. hama, crafty, deceitful. capable. 2. fig. sly, armed intervention. Cf. ingia. hamaji. najembe pi., naut./av. screw, propeller Cf. umahiri. (= rafardha). Cf. jembe. pi. life, mahameli* (— ) see bahameli. maisha* lifetime, nitakaa hapa —

mahitaji* pi. see hitaji. I will live here forever (my whole life). majengo pi. see jengo. mahamia* pi. protectorate. Cf. hami. — pamoja kwa salama. peaceful coexist-

mahluki*, mahluku (-) rare human being. ence. ishi. Cf. najenzi pi. see ujenzi. hulka. mahamo pi. see mahame. Cf.

maishilio* pi. 1. livelihood, subsistence. najeruhi* rare 1. (— ) wounded person. mahoka, masoka pi. 1. spirit of an ancestor, mahamuma* (— ) see maamuma. 2. adj. wounded. 2. work, occupation, job. Cf. ishi. Cf. jeraha, jeruhi. evil spirit, ibada ya — (or mizimu). an-

cestor worship. 2. delusion, mania, mad- ntaharagwe pi. see haragwe. 2 m ajeshi* P^ armed forces. Cf. jeshi. maishilio pi. end, limit, goal. Cf. ^sha. ness. 3. joke, jest, maneno yake yasiku-

tishe, yeye ni mtu wa — sana. Don't be- maharazi* (— ) awl, bradawl. maji pi. 1. water, liquid. — ya kunywa. maiti*, mayiti (— ) dead body, corpse, cadaver. lieve what he says, he is a wag/joker. drinking water. — ya mvua. rain water. Cf. mauti. mahari* (— ) bride-money, marriage settlement, — chumvi (bahari). salt water, brine, huyu nimeozwa bure, sikulipa mahonyo adv. for nothing, gratis, free. dowry, mice mwana — . sailor. — makuu. spring tides. maiza* (— ) (mark of) respect, honor, distinc- msilematundayangu -. Don't eat my fruit — . I married this woman without making a tion. — mafu. neap tides. — kujaa. high tide. without paying. marriage settlement. — kupwa. low tide. 2. med. secretion,

discharge. 3. —a — (or majimaji). maizi* coll. know, be acquainted with, under- adj. mahsai* (-) see maksai. maharimisho* pi. ban, prohibition. - ya si- watery, damp; (techn.) hydraulic, mka- stand; recognize, ascertain, determine. laha. disarmament. Cf. harimu. ndamizo wa majimaji. hydraulic press. mahsusi*, maksusi adj. /adv. special, par- Cf. kimaji, umaji. majadi* pi. 1. effort, exertion. 2. yearning, ticular, precise, mkutano — . special/ex- maharimu* pi. blood-relatives (who are for- longing, (strong) desire, passion. Cf."jadi. traordinary session. Cf. husu, hususa. bidden to marry). Cf. harimu. majibizano* pi. 1. question and answer, assertion and contradiction, give majahaba* (-) see majahabu. and take. respectable/ mahushumu* (-) see mahashumu. mahashumu*, mahushumu (—) 2. press conference. Cf. jawabu, ljibu. honest person, person of good repute. majahabu*, majahaba (— ) naut. wharf, dock. mahututi* adj. serious, difficult, ugonjwa -. heshima, heshimu, muhashamu. majilio pi. see jilio. Cf. (- gudi.) Cf. jahabu. a serious illness.

majilipio pi. mahati* (— ) scriber, style; (carpenter's mark- see majilipo. majaliwa pi., rel. 1. mercy, grace, favor, aid. maige* \.Pers.~\ (-) young locusts. ing) gauge (for scribing lines parallel to the 2. ( grace of) God. 3. pr. n. masc. Cf. board). majilipo, majilipio, majilipizi pi. 1. edge of a jalia. repay- maili* I Engl.'] (-) mile. ment, amortization (of a loan, debt). 2. re-

mahazamu* pi. belt, girdle, sash. venge, retaliation, reprisal, satisfaction. majani pi. grass; leaves, herbage, foliage; social life. ingia. maingiano pi. society, Cf. Cf. lipa. weeds. — ya mwaka. kind of vegetable. mahindi* pi. (grains of) corn/maize, unga rangi ya— . green (color), anavuta — ma- * wa — . cornmeal. Cf. muhindi. majilisi pi., rare reception room, waiting bichi. fig. He smokes opium. Cf. jani. room, lounge. Cf. jilisi. .

278 majimaji ikamu 279 makombo

makamu*, makamo pi. majimaji see maji 3. majuto pi. 1. rank, status, dignity, regret, contrition. Cf. juta, ^juto. maki* pL 1. thickness, nguoya-. thick social position. 2. age-class (of a person). cloth. 2. stoutness, heaviness, corpulence. majinuni* pi. see majununi. 3. substitute, deputy. - wa rais. vice- majuzi, juzijuzi adv. a few days ago. Cf. ana — . He is heavy (and strong). president juzi. (Tanzania). Cf. Ikaimu, ukaimu. majira* (— ) 1. (point of) time. — ya saa. makini* 1. pi. strength of character, dignity, makani*, maskani, masikani (_) clock-time, 2. watch, clock, saa yangu *Maka* Mecca. residence, composure; calmness, attentiveness. siki- home, settlement. haishiki — . My watch is not keeping good Cf. ^sakmi. liza kwa -. listen attentively. 2. adj.

time. 3. period, season. — ya masika. quietly, calmly, deliberately, with dignity. maka 1. be surprised/astonished/amazed. makanika* [Engl.] the great rainy season. 4. naut. course. (-) 1. mechanic. 9. nttpr a f n evcl?.mstio!<. of surprise. . C 2. yh-ys. mechanics. Cf. umakanika. makiri* (-) cleat (for fastening a rope, etc.). kimako. majirani* pi. 1. neighborhood. 2. environ- makao pi. (place ment, environs. Cf. jirani, ujirani. of) residence, home. makisi*, makisio pL guess, conjecture, sup- makaa pi. 1. coal, charcoal. 2. embers, - makuu. headquarters. Cf. 'kaa. position; estimate, approximation; proposal. cinders. Cf. ^kaa. majisifu* pi. self-praise, conceit, egotism, Cf. ikisi. makapo pi. chaff. Cf. ^kapi. bragging, showing off, arrogance. Cf. makaakaa pi. see kaakaa. sifa, sifu, mjisifu. makisio* pi. see makisi. makasi* pi. (pair of) scissors. (= mkasi.) makaburi* pi. graveyard, cemetery. Cf. ka- majivu 1. pi. ashes. Cf. jivu. 2.: —a — makiwa pi. expression of sympathy, condo- buri. makataa* 1. pi. (final) arrangement, settle- lence, adj. gray, rangi ya — . of a gray color. makiwani! Condolences! (formula ment, decision, conclusion. 2. adv. defi- Cf. kijivu. of greeting when one enters a house where makadara*, makadari pi. 1. rel., rare might, nitely, categorically; firmly, resolutely. a death has recently occurred), hapa pana power, omnipotence (with ref. to God; - Cf. kataa. — majivuno pi. self-praise, conceit, boasting, . There has been a death here (in this nguvu, uwezo). 2. Makadara (name of a showing off, pride, arrogance, anapotembea house). Cf. kiwa, ukiwa. section of Nairobi). kudura. makazi Cf. pi. 1. residence, settlement; environ- ana — sana. The way he walks shows that ment. 2. mode of life; condition, situation. he is arrogant. Cf. vuna. makohoo, makohozi pi. see kohozi. makadari* pi. see makadara. 3. occupation, activity. Cf. ^kaa. majonzi*, mayonzi L^r.Pj pi. sadness, makoko pi. crust (esp. on cooked rice). makadirio* pi. bill, estimate (of cost), makeke pi. 1. excitement, disturbance. sorrow, grief, fanya/ona — . be sad. Cf. ukoko. evaluation. Cf. kadiri. 2. annoyance, vexation. 3. exaggeration, boasting. majuni* (— ) majuni (a narcotic confection makolokolo pi. 1. bundle, pack, baggage. makala* pi. treatise, article, essay. made of opium or hemp and sugar). 2. equipment, utensils. 3. goods, chattels, = makengeza pi. squinting, macho ya-. ( afyuni, madadi, kasumba.) property. (= vikorokoro.) makali pi. 1. edge, point (of a knife, sword, squinting eyes, tazama kwa -. look spear, etc.: the sharp part). 2. fig. dar- askance at, frown on (someone). Cf. majununi*, majinuni (— ) 1. madman, lunatic. makomba pL millet gruel (also used in the ing, bravery. 3. fig. fierceness, cruelty; ^kengeza. 2. clown, buffoon. 3. foolish/silly talk preparation of beer). harshness, severity. Cf. kali. (causing amusement or provoking ridicule). makeruhi* see makuruhi. 4. adj. insane, mad, crazy. makombo pi. see Ikombo, 2kombo, 3kombo. makamo* pi. makamu. majusi* pi. see ^mjusi. .

makombozi 280 makv 281 malimbiko

makombozi pi. see ukombozi. makubwa pi. importance, important matter. ma kwa pi. 1. support, prop, post, pillar. malenga (wa-) 1. professional singer, leader Cf. kubwa. 2. notch, groove (in wood). of singing (at dances). 2. unfermented makopa pi. dried manioc. beer. (- togwa.) makucha pi. see ukucha. Jmalaika* (-) 1. rel. angel, messenger. makoroa* (— ) naut. knot tied in an anchor maleuni*, maluuni 1. (— ) = — mkuu. archangel. — mlinzi. guardian accursed/damned cable. ( mangrini.) makufuru* pi., rel. unbelief, atheism; sacri- person. angel. 2. small child, baby, 2. (-) rel. Satan. 3. (-) good- lege, blasphemy. Cf. kafiri, kufuru, huyu ni — for-nothing. This child is still a 4. adj. accursed, damned, makororo pi. 1. med. swelling of the tonsils. ukafiri. baby. mtoto huyu ni — sana. This child is a 2. heavy /difficult breathing; death rattle, good-for-nothing. Cf. laana. vuta — . breathe with difficulty; have the makulaji ph., coll. food, provisions, victuals. Analaika pi. body hair (usually on the arms

death rattle. Cf. la, chakula. and legs). Cf. laika. malevi pi. see ulevi.

makorowezo pi. 1. confusion. 2. work makuli* pi. see maakuli. malaji pi. 1. food, foodstuffs. 2. diet, malezi pi. (home) education, upbringing. poorly done, botchwork. Cf. koroweza. fare. Cf. ha, kilaji. — mabaya. poor upbringing, bad manners. Anakuli* pi. see kuli. Cf. lea. malale pi.: makosekano pU fault, defect; mistake, over- ugonjwa wa — . med. sleeping

sight. *kosa. sickness, encephalitis. lala. Cf. makulima pi. agriculture. Cf. lima. Cf. malhamu* (— ) see marhamu.

malalo, malazi, malazo pi. 1. sleeping- makoza* pi., rare, anat. testicles, scrotum. makupwa pi. beach, sandbank, rock (exposed mali* (— ) possessions, property, goods. — ya place, bedding, bed; lair, den at low tide). Cf. pwa. (of animals). kusafirisha. export goods. — inayoondoka. 2. rec. housing. Cf. lala. Anakoza pi., rare ivory bracelets. movable possessions, goods and chattels. makuru* (— ) 1. salve, ointment. 2. (ad- — isiyoondoka. real estate. maiango pi. initiation hesive) plaster. (of boys and girls at maksai*, mahsai (— ) castrated animal, puberty). Cf. lango. ng'ombe — . bullock, ox. farasi — . geld- malidadi*, mmalidadi, maridadi, mardadi [? j makuruhi*, makeruhi adj. bad, offensive, dis- ing. hasa, hasi. Cf. 1. (— ) person dressed in up-to-date style. malaya* (-) prostitute. 2 gusting, abominable, nasty. Cf. karaha. Cf. umalaya. 2. (—) showily dressed person, fop, dandy. maksi* [ Engl. J (—) mark, grade (in a class 3. adj. & adv. modern, stylish; vain, con- malazi, malazo pi. see malalo. makusudi* pi. see makusudio. or course). ceited. Cf. kimalidadi, umalidadi.

malele (-) hot. litmus, orchilla makusudi pi. aim, intention, (Rocella maksusi* see mahsusi. makusudio*, Montagnei, Rocella ^maliki* (-) see malki. purpose, —a makusudi. intentional, de- tinctoria).

liberate, kwa — . intentionally, on purpose. maktaba* pi. library, reading room. Cf. ki- maleleji, malelezi pi. period between the ^maliki* begin/start something, set to bila — . unintentionally. Cf. kusudi. work tabu. southwest and northeast monsoons, i.e., on a job, do the spadework of a project.

approx. late March to early April and late makutano pi. see kutano. makubadhi* pi. see makubazi. November to early December. Cf. lala (?). malimati*, maliumati (— ) Isl. 1. ceremony

in commemoration pi. 1. pride, arrogance, vanity, con- of the dead. 2. meal makubazi*, makubadhi pi. leather sandals makuu malendalenda, ambition. marendarenda pi. 1. mucus served after the memorial ceremony. (decorated). ceit. 2. Cf. kuu. (discharge). 2. med. mucus-like or

watery feces. malimbiko pi. see mlimbiko. .

mamba lalir 282 mamanua 283 mang'amung'amu

mamba (-) 1. crocodile. 2. kind of poison- manati* agriculture. meal. 3. destroy, exterminate, ugonjwa (-) sling, catapult. malimo pi. field work, Cf. ous snake. 3. rare leech (= mruba). l|ima, makulima, ukulima. huu umewamaliza watu wengi. Many people have fallen victim to the disease, appl. manawa (-) med. skin disease, herpes mambo malizia. intr. malizika. caas. malizisha. pi. of *jambo. (affecting especially the malimwengu pi., rel. worldly things, mundane hands). Cf. nawa. ass. malizana. matters. Cf. ulimwengu. 2 mambo pi. of uwambo. manda (_) manda (a pastry made of rice-flour and malizano pi. lamenting, sobbing, weeping, grated coconut). Cf. kimanda. *malindi pi. malindi (small apron of beads wailing, Cf. lia. mamboleo adj. modern, present-day. ukoloni worn by women). — mandari* (_) entertainment, revel, . neo-colonialism. Cf. ^jambo, leo. dance. malizi pi. rustling, crackling, rattling. Cf. mandhari.

^malindi pi. of lindi. Cf. Ilia. mamlaka* (-) 1. power, rule, government.

- ya kujitawala. rare self-government. mandhari* (-) (external) appearance, view, see lipizi. scene, malipizi pi. malki*, maliki (-) ruler, monarch, king. 2. jur. jurisdiction. 3. right of owner- sight; prospect, . ship, Cf. %iliki, milki. property right, possession, wa na -. see Iipo. mandusi* malipo pL have the right of possession over a thing. (-) 1. box, chest (= ndusi). 2. trunk, malkia* (-) queen. Cf. malki. 4. (official) position, capacity, status. suitcase. malisaa*, malisao (— ) see marisaa. Cf. Imiliki, malki. manemane* (_) myrrh malu (— ) malu (species of antelope, Strepsi- (Commiphora abyssini- see malisho. ca). malisha pi. ceros strepsiceros). mamoja adv. one and the same, all the same,

immaterial, ukija usije, kwangu ni — malisho, malisha, malishoni pZ., 1. pasture, cross-examination. manena pi., anat. groin. (= malumbano pi., jur. Whether you come or not is immaterial to kinena.)

pasturage. 2. fodder. Cf. la. Cf. lumba. me. Cf. moja. maneno pi. see neno.

malisho. malishoni pi. see maluuni* (— ) see maleuni, mamsahib*, memsahib [llind.-Ar.-Engl.^ maneva* [Engl, (-) lady, mistress. Cf. sahibu, suhubi- maneuver?] (-) pleasure (— trip, excursion, maliumati* ') see malimati. mama (— ) 1. mother, mamangu ( < mama ana. tunakwenda -. We are

yangu). my mother. 2.: — mkubwa. aunt going on an excursion.

maliwato pi. 1. bathroom (inside a house). (older sister of one's mother). — mdogo. mamwana pL of mwana 2. adjoining a house one's mother). manga 2. a small open area aunt (younger sister of eat food plain (without relish, gravy,

where one may wash one's hands, face, 3.: — wakambo. stepmother. 4. a term man* (-) see mani. etc.). Cf. lumanga.

etc. of polite address used by younger men or

or by older men in manamba* [Engl.'] 2 women to older women pi. crow A (of people ). Manga* (-) 1. Arabia. (= Uarabu.) 2. an maliwazo pi. comfort, sympathy, aid. positions of authority to younger women Cf. namba. object of Arabian origin (= Mwarabu, Ara- liwaza, liwazo. who are their subordinates (in an office, Cf. buni). pilipili _. black pepper, mkoma -. etc.). Cf. umama. manane pL: usiku wa -. the dead of night, pomegranate tree, njiwa -. (species of) maliza 1. end, conclude, finish, complete. the small hours (about 2:00 A.M.). (lit. pigeon, wanja wa -. antimony, kohl. — kazi. complete a job. — deni. pay/ mamanua open, loosen, separate, break -apart. 'the eighth hour of night'; cf. nane.) Cf. Kimanga, Mmanga, Umanga. settle a debt. 2. consume, polish off

(food). - chakula. completely consume a manani* sing., rel. Benefactor, the Bene- mang'amung'amu, mang'ang'amu pi. mental ficent (a title of God). derangement; confusion, dismay. Cf. ng'amua. manuwiyo manganja 284 manyago 285 mapacha

manganja pi. 1. rattle/bell worn by dancers manjorinjori pi. see ujorinjori. manyago pi. initiation ceremony (for chil- maonevu pi. see uonevu. on the legs. 2. child's rattle. dren). Cf. kinyago. manju (— ) leader of singing (at dances). maonezi pi. oppression. Cf. ona, uonevu. mangazimbwe pi. optical illusion, mirage. manyatta* tMaasai] (-) . = manoari* L Engl. J (— ) see manowari. ( mazigazi.) usiku — . dark night. maongezi pi. 1. conversation, chat, weka - manyonyota fine pi. rain, drizzle. Cf. nyo- begin a conversation. 2. pastime, manoleo pi. 1. metal ring between the blade amuse- mangharibi* (— ) see magharibi. nyota. ment. 2ongea. and handle of a knife. 2, back of a knife Cf.

blade (as opp. to the edge; ~ mafutani). mangili* (— ) naut, device (cathead) for se- manyoya pi. fur, feathers, wool (of an animal). maongozi pi. 1. order, arrangement, regula- curing a cable/anchor (on native boats). Cf. noa, noleo. tion. — ya siasa. political platform. Cf. mangrini. 2. repair, restoration. 3. management, manong'onezo, manong'ono pi. 1. whisper- manza (— ) 1. crime, offense, delict, outrage. administration. ing. 2. rumor, gossip. 3. prophecy, pre- 4. rel. guidance, provi- mango (—) (augment, of kimango) millstone 2. legal action, trial. dence. diction. nong'ona, mnong ono. — ya Mungu. God's providence. (upper part of a stone mill). Cf. Cf. ongoa.

manzili*, menzili (— ) rel. something sent by manong'ono pi. see manong onezo. mangrini* (— ) naut. knot tied in an anchor God, revelation. maoni pi. view(s), opinion. — ya wananchi. cable. (= makoroa.) Cf. mangili. public opinion. ona, ono. manowari*, manoari L Engl. J (— ) man-of-war, Cf. maokozi pi. rescue, deliverance (from a warship, naval vessel, kundi la — , flotilla, mang'ungumu adv., rare secretly, surreptiti- personal difficulty). Cf. okoa. squadron. maono pi. thought, feeling, sensation, per- ously, on the sly, confidentially. (- siri.) ception. Cf. ona, ono.

maombezi pi. see blanket. maombi. mansuli* (— ) (kind of) woolen cloth, mangwaji pi. ostentation, vanity. maonyesho pi. exhibition, demonstration.

maombi, maombo, maombezi, maomvi pi. — ya ukulima. agricultural exhibition. manufaa* (— ) 1. necessary /useful thing. mani*, man (— ) man (unit of weight: three 1. request, entreaty, petition, appeal. 2. use(fulness), profit, benefit, advantage. Cf. ona. pounds, 1.4 kg). 2. mediation, intercession. Cf. omba. Cf. nafuu.

maonyo pi. warning; sign, hint. Cf. ona. manii* (— phy. semen, sperm. (= shahawa.) ) maombo pi. see maombi. manuku* (-) see manukuu.

maoteo pi. hiding-place, ambush. Cf. n>ta. manisipali, (-) see munisipali. manisipaa*, maombolezo pi. 1. wail(ing), lamentation. manukuu*, manuku (-) rare 1. copy, tran- 2. groaning, moaning. 3. (sound of) maovu pi. 1. evil, script. 2. imitation. 3. translation. wickedness. 2. malice, manja (— ) ornith. Pemba white-eye. mourning, dirge. (= kilio.) Cf. omboleza, spite, 3. unfairness, injustice. ovu, Cf. nakili, nakala. Cf. = shige la manjano.) ( ombolezo; also omba. uovu.

manuwio*, manuwiyo pi., rare intention, aim, (-) naut. rope of the front sail manjali* maomvi pi. see maombi. purpose (especially in respect of a visit to maovyo pi. trash, rubbish. Cf. ovyo. (of a native boat). a witch doctor or the use of acharm). Cf. maondokeo pi. see nuia, nuio. ondokeo. maowidha* pi. see mauidha. manjano (-) 1. turmeric. 2.: rangi ya -. yellow pigment, rangi ya— mabivu. orange maondoleo pi. 1. removal, elimination. manuwiyo pi. see manuwio. maozi pi. marriage arrangements. Cf. oa. pigment. kimanjano. Cf. 2. rel. forgiveness, absolution. — ya

dhambi. forgiveness of sins. Cf. ondoa, mapacha pi. twins. — watatu. triplets. ondoleo. Cf. pacha. mapakio 286 maponea maponyea 287 marehemu

maponyea, maponyo pi. 1. drugs, medicines. maradufu*, mapakio, tnapakizi pi. 1. loading-platform; mapendeleo, mapendo pi. inclination, liking, marudufu, mardufu 1. (_) d ou . 2. cure, (course of) treatment. Cf. pona. bling, (naut.) loading-crane, 2. naut. freight, partiality, preference, predilection, favor. duplicate. 2. (a/so rudufu) adj.

cargo. 3. freightage. Cf. ^pakia. Cf. penda. double, twofold. Cf. rudufu. maponyo pi. see maponyea.

marahaba* mapakizi pi. see mapakio. mapendezi pi. friendliness, kindness, polite- interj. 1. good, thank you. maposo pi., rare 1. courtship, proposal ness, obligingness. Cf. penda. of 2. very well (in response to the salutation marriage. 2. arrangements of marriage. shikamoo). mapalilio pi. see mapalio. Cf. posa. mapendo pi. see mapendeleo. marahamu* (-) see marhamu. mapa!io t mapalilio pi. hoeing, weeding. mati(i7a n/ Ar = J : „ : r i Cf. x paa. pi. see penzi. marakaraka* 1. pi. spot, patch, stripe. mapumziko pi. 1. rest, relaxation. 2. ces- adj. mapepe pi. 1. chaff, grain-husks. 2. empty/ 2. spotted, speckled, striped, mapambano pi. 1. contact; impact, colli- sation (of work), pause, break. barren ears of grain. Cf. pumua. checked. Cf. kiraka. sion. 2. meeting, (close) touch (with a

person). 3. sport contest, match, ka- mapune (-) med. a skin disease. mapepeta pi.: — ya mpunga. unripe grains of Cf. puna. marasharasha* pi. 1. sprinkle, shower, tika — ya timu mbili hizi, Brazil wata- spray. rice (roastedX Cf. pepeta. 2. sprinkling, moistening, shinda Chile. In the contest between the mvua mapurendi* [Engl.l pi. epaulets, gold braid. ya -. light rain, drizzle. rasha. two teams Chile was defeated by Brazil. Cf. mapesa* L Port. J pi. money. — taslimu. Cf. pambana. mapusa pi. augment, kipusa. marashi* cash, ready money. Cf. Ipesa. of (_) perfume. Cf. rasha. mapana pi. 1. width, breadth. 2. diameter. mapwa, mapwaji pi. shore, mapigano, mapigiano pi. fight, conflict, coast, beach. marazi* (-) see maradhi. Cf. Ipana, upana. Cf. pwa. struggle, battle. — ya kitabaka. coram.

class struggle. Cf. piga, pigano. mardadi* see malidadi. mapatano pi. see patano. mapyoro pi. 1. boasting, giving oneself airs.

2. exaggeration, fraud. Cf. pyora, mardudi* mapindu pi. somersault. Cf. pinda, pindu. pyoro. (-) 1. refusal, denial, rejection, mapatilizo pi. see upatilivu. repudiation. 2. rare going over something mara* 1. (— ) time, turn, occasion; series, for a second mapinduzi pi. 1. (radical) change, upheaval. time (e.g., checking one's mapato pi. see pato. sequence. 2. adv. once; immediately; arithmetic 2. revolution. Cf. pinda. to make sure there is no mistake). suddenly, unexpectedly. - moja. once. Cf. rudi. mapayo pi. delirium. Cf. payo. - mbili. twice. - nyingi. mapishi pi. cooking, cookery, prov. mchele often, frequent- ly. — kwa — . again mmoja — mabalimbali. There is only one and again, often. mardufu* (_) see maradufu. mapema adv. early, in good time, asubuhi — hii. immediately, directly. rice, but there are various ways of cooking na — . early in the morning. — mwaka. at marefu it. Cf. pika. pi. length, height, depth, haina - ya the beginning of the year. maraba* pi. see mraba. kutosha. It is not long enough. Cf. ref'u.

mapiswa pi. stupidity, folly, nonsense. mapembelezo pi. see mabembelezo. maradhi*, marazi (-) illness, sickness, dis- marehemu* Cf. piswa. (-) deceased person, the late...; ease; pestilence, (pi.) the epidemic. - ya ng'ombe. dead. Sikukuu ya - Wote. All mapendano pi. (reciprocal) affection, fond- cattle plague. — nyogea. rachitis. - Souls' maponea pi. food, subsistence, livelihood. ya Day. Cf. rehema, rehemu. ness. penda. Cf. mti, scrofula. Cf. pona. marekani 288 masahaba masahala 289 mashine

marekani* adj. American. marini* L ? J adj. 1. pleasant, attractive. masahala*, msaala (-) - question. ya siasa mashabo* (-) 2. fashionable, elegant. 3. fresh. see mashobo. (dini). political (religious) questions. marendarenda pi. see malendalenda. healthy, good-looking. Cf. saili, swali. mashairi* pi. see shairi. marengu pi., naut. outrigger. marisaa*, marisawa, marisao, marisau, mali- masaibu* (-) 1. rel. predestination, divine saa, malisao pi. (small) shot, lead. mashaka* pi. 1. trouble, distress, difficulty. punishment. 2. grief, distress, misfortune, 2. need, bunduki ya — . shotgun. Cf. risasi. privation, misery. Cf. shaka, marhamu*, marahamu, malhamu (— ) 1, grease, affliction. 2 Cf. s jb u , shuku. paste. 2. salve, ointment, plaster.

marisao*, marisau, marisawa (— ) see ma- masakasaka pi. dry leaves/twigs. risaa. mashambizo pi. mashambizo (cloths used maridadi* (— ) see malidadi. for washing a corpse). masala* (-) rare, Isl. law. marmar* (— ) marble. maridhawa* 1. adj. much, plenty of, enough, mashapo pi. 1. residue, sediment, dregs. abundant. 2. adv. in abundance/profu- masalala* (usually lo masalale) interj. of 2. rare pulp, husks fruit, grain, sion. radhi, marudi*, marudio pi. 1. return, arrival. (of etc., Cf, ridhi. amazement. 2. requital, punishment; reprimand. Cf. left after squeezing or pounding). (= ma-

rudi. sira, mashata, masimbi, mashudu.) maridhia*, mridhia (wa-) 1. polite/charming/ masalan* see mathalan. nice person. 2. unassuming, unpretentious, marudio* pi. see marudi. mashariki* (-) 1. sunrise. 2. east. - ya modest person, mke vvangu — . My wife is masalia, masalio pi. see masaa. mbele. Near East. - ya kati/katikati. unassuming. Cf. radhi, ridhi. Middle marudufu* (— ) see maradufu. East, -yambali. Far East. - ya masalkheri* salutation: Good evening. kusini. southeast. 3.: —a — . adj. east- marigedi* (— ) marigedi (large copper kettle). Cf. sabalkheri. ern, oriental. marufaa* (— ) 1. bookrest fused for reading

the Koran). 2. candlestick. 3. part of a marijani* (— ) coral. — ya fedhaluka red masamaha*, masameho pi. see msamaha. masharti* pi. see coral. native loom. Cf. rufaa. shuruti.

masango pi. thick wire of brass or copper marufuku* pi. 1. prohibition. — kuvuta masharubu* pi. moustache. sharubu. marika pi. persons of the same age or belong- Cf. fused to make ornaments). hapa. No smoking. 2. embargo. ru- ing to the same age group, contemporaries, Cf. fuku. mashata* pL lees, residue oil, etc.). hawa ni — yangu. These people are my con- (of masao pi. see masaa. temporaries. Cf. rika. marugurugu pi. swelling, lump(s), mashavu pi. see shavu. masarifu* pi. see masurufu. marikani* (— ) see merikani. marupurupu pi. increase, extra compensation; mashenaka* pL, arch, gallows. masazo pi. see masaa. discount, rebate. (— ) marimba (kind of wooden xylo- mashendea pi. mashendea (thin, watery phone). rice masega p^.; — ya nyuki. honeycomb, masaa, masao, masalio, masalia, masazo pL honey soup). in the comb. 1. remains, remainder, vestige, remnant. mariuda pi. edge, border; pleat (of a skirt, 2. rel. relic. 3. rare corpse. (= maiti.) mashindano pi. see shindano. etc.). masengenyo pi. slander, calumny. se- Cf. 4aa. Cf. ngenya. mashine*, mashini [Engl.] {-) 1„ machine, maringo pi. 1. boasting, arrogance. 2. tale- masahaba* pi., Isl. companions of Muhammad. engine, _ ya kuandika. typewriter. - ya bearing. Cf. ringa. Cf. sahibu. .

291 matagataga shini 290

masiwa, maziwa pi. 1. rare large island. masukosuko pi. see masuko. barafu. refrigerator. — ya electric mashurti*, stimu. mashuruti pi. see shuruti. 2. (small) group of islands. Cf. kisiwa, motor. — za upuraji wa nafaka. thresher, siwa. masuluhu* (-) see masilaha. kwa kutumia — . mechanical. 2. rare loco- mashuuri* see mashuhuri. motive. masiya* (-) see masihiya. masumbul'u pi. see masumbuko. masia* (— ) rare walk, stroll, enda — . go mashini* (— ) see mashine. walking, go for a walk. masizi, masinzi pL soot. masumbuko, masumbufo, masumbuo, masumbu-

Iizi pL 1. pain, torment. 2. disturbance, mashitaka* pi. see mashtaka. masifu* pi. praise, flattery. Cf. sifa, sifu. maskani* (-) see makani. difficulty, obstacle. 3. unrest; annoyance, vexation. 4. pursuit, persecution « U nr>r e s- masihara"', mashkara (— jest, joke; mockery, mashitakiano* pi. see mashtaka. ) maskhara* (-) rare mask, disguise. sion. Cf. sumbua, sumbufu. derision, —a — . ridiculous. mashkara* (— ) see masihara. maskini* 1. (-) poor person, beggar. masumbulizi pi. see masumbuko. masihiya*, masiya 1. (— ) Messiah, Christ. 2. adj. poor, indigent, destitute, = wretched. (- Kristo.) 2. ( mmasihiya, wa-) Chris- mashobo*, mashabo (— ) show(iness), osten- Cf. umaskini. masumbuo pi. see = masumbuko. tation, vanity. tian. ( Mkrislo.) 3. adj. Christian.

Cf. umasihiya. masuo pi. water masoka (— ) iron/brass wire. used for rinsing out the mashono pL, mshono (mi-) 1. sewing, tail- mouth. Cf. 'sua. oring, dressmaking. 2. manner of dress; masika pi. masika (the great rainy season, Anasoka pi. see style, fashion; dress, clothing. — mpya. approx. April-May). mahoka. masurufu*, masarifu pi. expenses, expendi- modern dress. Cf. shona. ture; housekeeping allowance; cost of living. masikani* (— ) see makani. masombo pi. belt, girdle, sash. Cf. sarafu, sarifu. mashtaka*, mashtakiano, mashitaka, mashita-

masikitiko pi. see sikitiko. masomo pi. study, kiano pi. 1. accusation, reproach, impu- studies, alimaliza - yake. masuto pi. reproach(es), He completed faultfinding, criti- tation. 2. jur. charge, indictment, suit, his studies. - ya kujifunza. cism, accusation. self-education. Cf. ^suta. action, prosecution, ameleta — ya uwongo. masilaha*, masilahi, masuluhu rare 1. agree- Cf. soma. reconciliation, He was convicted of falsehood, fanya — ment, concord, harmony. 2. mata rare pL, bow and arrows. Cf. uta; also compromise. 3. (final) result (of bargain- mastadi* [Engl.] (-) (= accuse, sue. — waziwazi na ya kisiri. mustard. haradali.) upinde, mshale. ing, negotiation). suluhu. overt and covert charges. Cf. shtaki. Cf. mastakimu* (-) environment, surroundings. matabwatabwa pi. gruel, paste (anything masilahi* (— ) see masilaha. Cf. stakimu. mashtakiano* pi. see mashtaka. pounded until soft and semi-liquid).

masimbi pi. residue, dregs. (= mashapo, masua*, mazua (-) swoon, fainting spell, mashua* \_lnd. J (— ) boat(s). matafuni, matafuno pi. 1. chewing, ruminat- mashudu.) dizziness. Cf. mbasua. ing. 2. something chewed/nibbled at. mashudu* pL oilcake (residue after seed has Cf. tafuna. masingizio pi. slander, calumny; hypocrisy. masubutu* (-) see been pressed for oil). mathubuti. Cf. singiza. matafuno pi. see matafuni. masuko, masukosuko pi. mashuhuri*, mashuuri adj. famous, well- 1. rocking, tossing masinzi pi. see masizi. = (of a ship], 2. disturbance, convulsion, known, prominent, distinguished. ( maa- matagataga pi.: enda -. walk with the legs excitement, agitation, 2 rufu, enye sifa, ^bayana.) unrest. Cf. su ka. masira* pi. lees (of wine, beer). far apart, walk straddle-legged; take long

strides. Cf. tagaa. .

mataka 292 matengano natuko matengemano 293

matengemano matatizo pi. 1. K eogr. depression. ^mataka, matakwa pi. 1. need, wish, desire. pi. business. Cf. tata. matilaba* pi. 1. desire, request. 2. purpose, 2. calming down, pacification, return 2. inclination, leaning, talent, gift. of aim , intention. 3 peace (after war). 3. prosperity, Cf. taka. mataya pi. chops, jowls. Cf. Maya. stabili- zation. Cf. tengemaa. matilo* (—) naut. stay. matayarisho* LPers.J pi. 1. preparation(s), ^mataka, matakataka pi. refuse, rubbish; dirt, matengenezo precaution. 2. training, education. Cf. ta- pi. 1. arrangement, disposition. matimutimu filth. Cf. ^aka. pi.; — ya nywele or nywele za — 2. regulation. yari, tayarisha. 3. preparation. Cf. tenge- 2 ruffled/unruly hair. Cf. timka. 2 nea. matakataka pi. see mataka. = ) rare (printing-)press. ( mtambo matindi matbaa* (— pi. young maize plant (before the for- matengo, matengu matako pi., anat. buttocks. Cf. tako. wa kupiga chapa na kutoa vitabu, kiwanda pi., naut. outrigger. mation of ears). Cf. tindi. cha kupiga chapa.) matengu pi. see pi. see * matengo. matakwa mataka. matili pi.: enda -. trot (of animals).

mate pi. saliva, tenia — . spit, expectorate. mateso matamalaki* pi. power, rule, reign, govern- Cf. ute. pi. see teso. o ^matili pi. of titi. ment. Cf. lmiliki, malki, milki. matetezi pi. matege pi. bow legs, mwenye — . bow-legged see utetezi. matlaa* (-) see matlai. matambuzi pi. explanation, clarification. person. Cf. tege.

Cf. tambua, tambuzi. mateto pi. protest, objection, argument. matlai*, matlaa (-) rare 1. sunrise. 2. east mategu pi, typographical error, misprint. Cf. teta. (- mashariki.) 3. east wind. matamko, matamshi pi. pronunciation, articu- Cf. Itego. mathalan*, lation, accent, sema — . speak with a for- mathalani, masalan, methalan adv. matokeo pi. 1. event, occurrence, incident, eign accent, speak a language with the ac- mateka pi. 1. prey, booty, plunder. 2. cap- for example. Cf. mithili, methali. episode. 2. result, outcome, upshot. cent of one's mother tongue. Cf. tamka. tive, prisoner-of-war. Cf. teka. Cf. Itoa. mathalani* see mathalan.

matamshi pi. see matamko. matembele pi. sweet-potato leaves (used as matoki pi. see toki. a vegetable). mathubuti*, mathubutu 1. (-) proof, evidence. 2. adj. firm, hard, matana pi., med. leprosy. (= ukoma.) durable, stable. 3. fig. matongo, matongotongo pi. (also utongo) matembezi pi. walking, strolling; gadding honest, trustworthy, dependable. Cf. tha- 4 discharge from the eye. Cf. chongo. matanga pi. 1. pi. of nanga. 2. (ceremon- about, loitering, loafing; loose living. biti, thibiti.

ies of) mourning. Cf. ^tanga. — ya wageni. tourism. Cf. tembea. matope pi. dirt, mud; swamp. Cf. tope. mathubutu* (-) see mathubuti,

malapishi pi. 1. vomit; vomiting, nausea. matemo adj. & adv. 1. slanting, crooked. matubwitubwi pi. see machumbwichumbwi. 2. obscene language, profanity. Cf. ta- 2. deformed, misshapen. matibwitibwi pi..- maji -. stale/muddy water. pika. Cf. tibua. matukano pi. 1. cursing, invective, abuse. matendo pi. activity, occupation, work. 2. quarrel, dispute. 3. terms of abuse, matarajio* pi. hope, expectation. Cf. taraji. Cf. tend a. matiko pi. tempering (of metal), tia -. insults. Cf. tukana. temper (metal, by heating). matata pi. confusion, trouble, mess, commo- matengano pi. sectarianism. Cf. tenga. matuko* [?] (-) grace, charm. complication, difficulty. tata. tion, Cf. 2 matiko pi. of utiko. maundifu Eiatule 294 maungo 295 mawele

pi. matule* 1. vulgarity, baseness, mean- mauidha*, maowidha, mawaidha (— ) (good) maungo pi. body, limbs, extremities. ness. 2. dishonor, disgrace. 3. misery, advice, admonition, instruction. mavundevunde pi. see mavunde. Cf. ^unga, ^ungo. distress, Cf. tule.

mavune (rarely mavunde) pi. 1. *mauja* (— ), muuya, mwuja (miuja) 1, un- weariness, maunzi _p/. building, construction, matumatu pi. grasshoppers, (young) locusts. erection. weakness. 2, stiffness rest, excitement, alarm. 2. danger; mis- (of the joints). Cf. ^unda. kimatu, tunutu. Cf. fortune, accident. mavunga pL: - ya nywele. thick, unkempt mauti* (-) death. matumbawe pi. coral (in the stage before com- - yalimfika njiani or hair, ^mauja* ) (— rare wave (= \vimbi.) alifikwa plete fossilization). na - njiani. Death overtook him on the way. dhambi ya -. rel. mortal sin. mavungu pi. what one has killed/caught maniiidi* (_) rnrP things wM'-h <=t» obtain- Cf. maiti. matumbo pL bowels, intestines, entrails, when hunting, bag, catch. (= mawindo.) able /a vailable/in one's possession/known viscera. Cf. tumbo. from experience. mauzauza (-) 1. trick(s), deception, illu- mavuno pi. 1, harvest, harvesttime, crop. sion, juggling, legerdemain. matumio pL see matumizi. 2. confusior, 2. fig. gain, profit, proceeds. Cf. vuna. mauko pi. 1. leaving, departure, 2. sending bewilderment, embarrassment. off/away. 3. euph. decease, death. matumishi pi. service, attention, care. mavurugano pi. 1, unrest, confusion. 2. dis- Cf. uka. mava pi. see mafa. Cf. tuma, agreement, misunderstanding, difference of

opinion. Cf. vuruga. maulana* (— ) rel. Master, Lord (= God). mavalio pi. decoration, matumizi, matumio pi. 1. use, employment, ornament, adornment, finery. Cf. vaa. utilization, exploitation. 2. expenses, mavurugo pL confusion, mess. Cf. vuruga. maulidi* (— ) Isl. 1. birthday of Muhammad. expenditures. — yake ya mapesa ni maku- 2, festivity celebrating Muhammad's birth- mavazi pi. clothing. bwa. His expenses are great. He spends Cf. vaa. mavuzi pi. body hair (armpits, day, genitals). ya a great deal of money. Cf. tuma. - kwapa. hair in the armpits. Cf. vuzi, mavi pi. 1. waste, rubbish, trash. - ya uvuzi. maulisho (— ) cause of death. Cf. ^ua. chuma. slag. 2. dung, matunguu pi., hot. wild cardamom (Aframo- excrement, prov. - ya kalehayanuki. angustifolium). kitunguu. The bad part of the mawaidha (-) see mauidha. mum Cf. maulizo pi. 1. investigation, interrogation. past is forgotten, {lit.: the offal of the 2. jur. hearing, trial. Cf. uliza. past does not smell.) 3. mawakili* matusi, matushi pi. 1. cursing, insults. a coarse term of pL agency. _ wa kutoa habari. abuse or contempt: rot, 2. quarrel, dispute. 3. terms of abuse. humbug. Cf. mawe. news agency, Cf. wakili. maumbile pi. 1. nature, environment. tusha. Cf. 2. (natural) character, constitution. mavilio pi. stoppage, cessation, stagnation. mawazo pL see wazo. Cf. umba, umbile. — ya damu. med. bruises, matwana (— ) bus, truck. contusions, Cf. via. mawe 1. (pi. of jiwe) stones, maume pi. manly deeds, strength, prowess. stonework. maudhiko* pi. 1. unrest, disturbance. 2. an- 2. (- ya mizani) weights scales). Cf. ^ume. (of mavu (_) hornet. (= nyigu.) noyance, vexation, trouble, grief. Cf. udhi. 3. fig. nonsense, foolishness.

maumivu pi. see umivu. mavukizo pL see mauguzi pi. care of the sick, nursing. mfukuto. 1 mawele pi. mawele (kind of millet, Penicil- Cf. ugua. laria spicata or maundifu pi.: maji — . flood, tidal wave. Pennisetum malacochaete). mavunde, mavundevunde pi. 1. (scattered) rr 2 ill ^f. mwele, uwele. clouds, overcast sky. 2. see mavtine. 296 mazishi 297 mbalehe

2 2 mawele pi., arch. milk. (= maziwa.) maziada pi. see ziada. imaziwa pi. see masiwa. mbacha (mi-) old, worn-out mat. maweo pi. see maavvio. maziga pi. 1. vessel for burning incense, mbadhiri*, mbadhirifu (wa-) maziwa pi. milk, dairy swindler, cheat; censer. 2. earthenware dish/pot. products. - mabichi/ Cf. extravagant ya person, spendthrift. Cf. ba- robu. curdled milk. - ya kopo. mawese pi. palm oil ziga. con- (from the seeds of the dhiri. densed milk. _ matupu. mehikichi palm). powdered milk. 2 Cf. z j wa- mazigazi pi. optical illusion, mirage. mbadhirifu* (wa-) see = mbadhiri. mawimbi pi. breakers, surf. Cf. ^wimbi. ( mangazimbwe.) mazoea pi. 1. habit, custom, usage, practice. mbadilishaji (wa-) changeable/fickle/whimsi- 2. conduct, mawindo pi. bag, catch (in hunting). maziko dI. 1. burial, interment. 2. grave- behavior. Cf. *zoea. i-al/ shiny person; (comm.) revisionist. 2 Cf. w j n(j a) uvvindo. yard, cemetery. 3. funeral service. Cf. badili, mazoezi, mazoezo ubadilishaji. Cf. zika. pi. exercise, practice, training, experience. mawingu pi. clouds, kumefanya —. It is Cf. ^oea. mbafu be uncouth/unmannerly /stupid. cloudy. Cf. wingu. mazimbwezimbwe pi. 1. rare darkness. mazoezo pi. see mazoezi. 2. dark/gloomy weather. 3. fig. dull- mbago: enda — go separately, avoid each mayiti* (-) see maiti. ness, stupidity. other's company, be at outs. mazu* pi. mazu (variety of banana). mayonzi pi. see majonzi. mazingaombwe, mazingaumbo pi. 1. trick, mbaguzi (wa-) racialist, mazua* (-) see masua. racist. Cf. mbago. illusion, cheating (in games). 2. witch- mayowe pi. see yowe. craft, magic. mbahili* (wa-) see mazuka pi. bahili. apparition, ghost. Cf. zua, Izuka. mayugwa pi. leaves of the taro (used as a mazingaumbo pi. see mazingaombwe. mbala, mbaa (-) zool. mbala (species of vegetable). Cf. myugwa. antelope, bushbuck). (= mbawala.) mazunguko pi. 1. circular mazingazinga pi. 1. turn, revolution; movement, turn, rotation, revolution. mayungiyungi pi. 1. water lily. 2. honey- rounds (of a policeman, etc.). 2. decep- 2. round (of a sentry, mbalamwezi, mbaramwezi, = policeman, etc.). mbaamwezi, bala- comb ( kamba ya asali, masega, mazana). tion, misleading. Cf. zungua. Cf. zinga. mwezi (_) 1. moonlight. 2. full moon.

mazungumzo pi. 1. mazao pi. 1. produce, offspring. 2. profit, mazingira, mazingo pi. environment, sur- conversation, chat, dis- mbalanga*, balanga (-) med. cussion. 2. amusement, mbalanga gain. 3. math, product (of multiplication). roundings. Cf. zinga. pastime. (a skin disease), - nyeupe Cf. zungumza, (nyeusi). 4. result, consequence, taabu anayopata zungumzo. white(black) mbalanga. ni — ya upuuzi wake. The difficulties that mazingiwa, mazingo pi. siege, blockade. mba (-) 1. med. acne. 2. dandruff. he has are the result of his folly. Cf. zaa, Cf. zinga. mbalasi* (mi-) see balasi. zao. = mbaa (-) see mbala. mazingo pi. 1. see mazingira. 2. ma- imbale pi. of ubale. mazeka* \_Germ. Musiker?] (mi-) trumpeter, zingiwa. 3. circumstances, conditions. mbaamwezi (-) see horn player, bugler. Cf. zinga. mbalamwezi. 2mbale (mi-) augment, of ubale (smaller than mbaazi (mi-) hot. 1. bale). mazeruzeru pi. see zeruzeru. mazishi pi. 1. preparations for a burial. plant bearing a variety of pea (Cajanus 2. articles used in a burial. Cf. zika. indicus). 2. (-) peas from this plant. mbalehe* (wa-) see balehe. ibali 298 mbarika mbaruti 299 mbeleko

mbali 1. adv. far, distant, remote; at/from a mbanduko (mi-) 1. (act of) pulling off, re- mbaruti (mi-) bot. distance; Mexican poppy (Argemt>ne mbawawa (fig.) aloof. — ya... far from.. . Said na moving. 2. fig. decrease; abolition, an- (-) mbawawa (kind of fish). mexicana). mimi tunakaa —. Said and I live far away from nulment. Cf. bandika. each other, mbayana* nilimwona kwa — . I saw him 1. (wa-) well-known/famous per- mbashiri* (wa-) 1. messenger, one who brings son. from a distance. 2. adv. long since, for mbangi* (mi-) see bangi. 2. adj. evident, apparent, obvious, news. 2. prophet. - dini. a commentator well-known. long time, niliyajua mambo haya — . I 3. adv. see Ibayana. (on religious matters). 3. soothsayer, for- have known about this matter for a long Cf. baina, baini, Ibayana. *mbango (— ) wild pig, warthog (= ngiri). tune-teller. Cf. bashiri. time, 3. adv. (with the appl. form of v.)

completely, entirely, utterly, ulia -. kill mbayuwayu* [PersJ ornitL swallow, swift. ^mbango (— ) si. mbasua* (_) 1. money. spell of dizziness. 2. mad- outright. 4. adj. {also mbalimbali) sep- r.cca, insanity, menial aberration. Lf. ba- arate, different. Cf. umbali. mbazazi* (wa-) see bazazi. mbanjo (mi-) 1. (act of) breaking up, tearing sua, masua.

down. 2. damage, injury. 3. auto, break- mbalimbali adj. different, various. Cf. mbali. mbea 1. (wa-) (also mmbea) slanderer, down. Cf. banja. mbata (-) fully ripe coconut. gossip, talebearer, scandalmonger.

mbalungi* LPers.J (mi-) hot. grapefruit 2. (mi-) slander, denunciation. 3. adj. mbano (mi-) 1. (act of) pressing, squeezing. mbati pi. of ^wati. tree. Cf. balungi. false, untrue. Cf. umbea, mmbea. 2. fig. pressure, tension; effort, exertion

(physical or mental). 3. (also kibano) mbatilifu* (wa-) one who declares something mbega mbega *mbamba (mi-) hot. mbamba (poisonous plant, (-) (species of monkey, - tongs, pincers, tweezers. 4. hand vise. to be invalid/ineffective. Cf. batili. bus spurge: Euphorbia abyssinica). vellerosus). Cf. bana. mbatizaji* [Engl J (wa-) one who baptizes. mbegu (-) L seed, panda -. sow. 2. germ, (mi-) 3 ^mbamba spade, shovel. Cf. Dam ba , Mtakatifu Johana Mbatizaji. ^mbao (mi-) see bao. St. John the bud, shoot, , cutting. 3. race, Baptist. Cf. batiza. breed, species. mbambakofi (mi-) bot. magnolia tree (Afze- ^mbao pi. of ubao. lia quanzensis). mbau (mi-) see bao. mbeja* [_PersJ (wa-) neat/well-dressed person, mbaraka (mi-) see baraka. one who takes pride in his per- mbambangoma (— ) bot. mbambangoma (a mbau pi. of ubao, ubau. sonal appearance. Cf. ubeja. shrub with long spines).

mbaramba (— ) see mramba. mbeko ^mbavu pL ubavu. (-) see mbeleko. mbamia* (mi-) bot. okra plant. Cf. bamia. of mbaramwezi (mi-) see mbalamwezi. mbele 1. (-) front. - yangu. in front of mbandarini* LPers.J (wa-) dock worker, Anbavu (ma-) see ^bavu. me. = mbarango (mi-) stick, club. - ya sheria. before the law. loc. longshoreman. ( kuli.) Cf. bandari. mbeleni. coll. genitals. 2. adv. be- mbawa pi. of ubawa. fore, mbarapi (— ) zool. mbarapi (sable antelope). in front, forward; further, beyond; mbande (— ) rare neap tide. (- maji mafu.) earlier, previously, mbawala, long ago; later, sub- mbawara (-) zool. mbawala (kind of sequently, mbari (—) rare family, clan, tribe. in the future; on the other hand, mbandiko (mi-) 1. pasting, gluing; applica- antelope, bushbuck). (= mbala.) on thecontrary. Cf. umbele. tion. 2. something applied/stuck/pasted mbarika (mi-) bot. castor-oil plant ( (a plaster, etc.). Cf. bandika. mbawara (-) see mbawala. communis), mbono/kokwa ya — . seed of mbeleko, mbeko, ubeleko, uweleko (-) (also

the castor-oil plant, mafuta ya — . castor oil. beleko, ma-) mbeleko (cloth sling used for carrying children on the back). Cf. eleka. .

mbishi 301 mbirimbi lb lit mbelewele 300

mbishi (wa-) 1. stubborn/obstinate mbolea person. (-) 1. manure, fertilizer. 2. richness mbelewele (-) bot. pollen. mbilikitno* (—) 1. dwarf, gnome. 2. pygmy. 2. argumentative/contentious/cavilling per- (of soil). son. 3. mocker, scoffer. Cf. bisha. Mbelgiji* [Germ.?] (wa-) a Belgian. mbilimbi, mbirimbi (mi-) cucumber tree tnbomoko (mi-) see bomoko. (Averrhoa bilimbi). mbishi pi, of ubishi. Ifnbembe, mbembelezi, mbembezi (wa-) mbomoshi (wa-) 1. one who destroys/ruins. mbilingani* LPers.J (mi-) eggplant (Solanum 2. tempter. 3. flirt, 1. flatterer. seducer, 2. rec, mbisho (mi-) see bisho. pol. revolutionist, radical. Cf. melongena). Cf. bilingani. coquette, immoral woman. Cf. bemba. bomoa.

mbisi* (mi-) see bisi. mbinda* [/rarf.] (mi-) okra, lady's finger ^mbembe (mi-) coll. hunger. mbona interrog. (Hibiscus esculentus). (- mbamia.) why? for what reason? (more polite mbiu (-) 1. buffalo horn. 2. announcement, than kwa nini). - umekawia kuja? Why mbembelezi, mbembezi (wa-) see 'mbembe. proclamation (to which attention are you late? mbingu (plur. of uwingu) 1. sky, heaven. was former- ly called by blowing a buffalo horn), 2. clouds, cloudiness. 3. rare darkness. piga mbenuko (mi-) roundness, curve, bulge. — mboni (-) 1. (also - . blow the buffalo horn, make an announce- ya jicho) anat. eyeball,

Cf. benua. ment. pupil. 2. fig. something precious, mbini* (wa-) 1. blacksmith. 2. forger, the apple of one's eye. 3. a lost thing, missing counterfeiter. Cf. bini. person, bourgeois, wadoezi mtumwa mbepari* (wa-) comm. mbiya (-) cutting, seedling: tia -. transplant wa -. a missing slave. 4. reward for

wa wabepari. bourgeois hangers-on. Cf. . finding a lost object. Cf. ona. mbinja (plur. of ubinja) whistle, whistling. bepari, kibepari, ubepari.

mbizi dive, mbono (mi-) mbono (castor-oil mbinu (—) 1. roundness, curvature. — ya (— ) diving, piga — . to dive, plant, Ricinus (wa-) presumptuous/arrogant/conceited mbezi (leg). maji ya — communis), mafuta ya -. mkono (mguu). well-shaped arm . deep water, sport fancy diving. castor oil. Cf. person. Cf. beza. ubono, 2. pressure, arm-twisting. 3. trickery, nyonyo.

fuata — . follow suit. be- 2 distortion, Cf. mbizi (-) mbizi (kind of bird). mbibo* [Port.] (mi-) cashew apple tree mbono nua. (pi. of ubono) seeds of the castor-oil (Anacardium occidentale). Cf. bibo. plant. mbobo (— ) 1. abundance, excess, superfluity.

Imbio 1. (-) (act of) running, race, piga/ 2. fertility. 3. cheapness. mbigili, mbigiri (mi-) mbigili (species of mboo, mboro (mi-) enda — . to run. 2. adv. (also mbiombio) anat., vulg. penis. thorny shrub, Tribulus terrestris). = ( dhakari, uume.) very fast, in haste, at full speed. mboga 1. (-) mboga (large pumpkin, moschata). 2. [also mbogamboga, — ) vege- humiliation. mbiginyo (mi-) mboro table any kind). (mi-) see mboo. ^mbio (— ) mbio (kind of cassava). (of — ya pwani. purslane.

see mbigili. mbigiri (mi-) mboza = •nbogamboga (mi-) mboza (kind of tree, Sterculia mbiomba (—) rare maternal aunt. ( mama (— ) see mboga. cinerea), mkubwa/mdogo.) mbiha (mi-) mbiha (a perennial plant, Abuti- mbogo (-) buffalo (= nyati.) lum zanzibaricum). mbu (— ) mosquito. mbirambi* (— ) see rambirambi.

— . two houses, mara — mbili two. nyumba tnboji (— ) soil moisture. twice, mbili-tatu. two or three, several. mbuai adj., rare wild, brutal, mbirimbi (mi-) see mbilimbi. mnyama -. wild animal. ' ua, Cf. wili. mbokora (-) beer calabash (with a narrow Cf. mwuaji. neck). mbuga 302 11 buz mbv 303 mchanga

mbuga (— ) savannah, steppe, grassland, mbungo, mbung'o (— ) tsetse fly. (- chafuo.) mbwa (-) dog. _ wa mwitu. jackal. _ koko. mohafuzi (wa-) person who creates confusion/ wild dog; mbuge (wa-) a person who is constantly 9 (fig.) bastard. _ ya kuwinda. disorder; (pol.) diversionist, mbung'o (— ) see mbungo. saboteur. Cf. hunting dog. eating. Cf. bugia, ubuge. Cf. jibwa, kijibwa. chafua.

mbungu (— ) zool. mbungu (species of mbwago (mi-) 1. fall, mbugi ) collapse, slump. - (— small bells (fastened to the legs of = wa mchago (mi-) see antelope, eland.) ( *mpofu.) ^hago. bei. drop children or dancers). in price. 2. falling off, subsiding

(of interest, etc.). Cf. bwaga. mchagua (wa-): prov. - j em be si mkulima. *mbuni* (mi-) coffee bush. Cf. buni. A poor workman *mbugu (mi-) mbugu (climbing plant, rubber blames his tools. Cf. chagua. mbwanda (mi-) sword-bean (= mwingasiafu). liana). Cf. mbungo. -mbuni* (— ) zool. ostrich. kiila — ficr Kp =„^or.„f..i _„.. ...i.., mchaguo (mi-j choice, selection. Cf. chagua. wants, rejoice. ^mbugu pi. of ubugu. ^mbuni* (wa-) 1. organizer. 2. inventor; mchaguzi (wa-) 1. fastidious/exacting o mbwe person. author. buni. (-) 1. small stone, pebble. 2. Cf. gravel. 2. pol. voter, elector. mbuguma (— ) cow that has calved. Cf. chagua. Cf. jiwe.

mbura (mi-) mbura (kind of tree with yellow mchai* (mi-) hot. mbuji (wa-) see mmbuji. 1. tea-plant (Thea sinensis). blossoms, Parinarium curatellae folium). mbwedu 1. (wa-) an unpleasant/dirty/disgust- Cf. chai. 2. lemon grass (Andropogon citrio- ing/malicious person. 2. (mi-) a disgusting/ dorus). Mbuki (wa-) a Malagasy. Cf. Buki. mburuga (mi-) magic for identifying a wrong- repulsive thing. doer (by use of the bao, q.v.). mchaji (wa-) see mbukulia, mbukuzi (wa-) chatterbox, gossip, mcha. mbweha (-) jackal (Canis mesomelas). scandalmonger. bukua. Cf. {- bweha.) mburugo (mi-) 1. mixing, mixture. 2. fig. mchakacho (mi-) 1. crushing, pounding, pulver- confusion, disorder, jumble. Cf. buruga. izing. 2. crackling, rustling. mbukuzi (wa-) see mbukulia. Cf. chakacha. mbweko (mi-) bark(ing) (of dogs). Cf. bweka.

mburukenge (— ) zool. monitor lizard. mchakuro (mi-) 1. scratching, scribbling, scrawl; mbulia (mi-) mbulia (a wild shrub). mbwende (= kenge.) (-) mbwende (apron of beads worn scratch, laceration. 2. fig. careful scrutiny, by women beneath their normal clothing). investigation, revision. mbulu, mbulukwa (wa-) insane/feeble-minded Cf. chakura. mburuzo, mbuuzo (mi-) 1. pulling, dragging. person. 2. trace, track, mark. — wa nyoka. track mbweu (-) belch(ing). piga -. to belch. mchamvya (mi-) mchamvya (tree with edible fruit, of a snake. Cf. burura. PachystelaSacleuxii). (= mbulukwa (wa-) see mbulu. mchocha.) mbwoji (mi-) spring (of water); spout, fountain.

mbuuzo (mi-) see mburuzo. mc-hana sing. 1. day. - kutwa (kuchwa). mbungati (mi-) mbungati ('sausage tree,' the mcha, mchaji (wa-): - Mungn. rel. a God-fear- whole day. 2. daytime. - Kigelia pinnata). mdogo. midday ing person. 2 mbuya (— ) 1. concubine, mistress. 2. prostitute. Cf. cha. (period preceding and following noon). chakula cha -. midday meal. 3. mbunge (ma-) member of parliament. Cf. bunge. daylight. mbuyu (mi-) baobab, calabash tree (Adansonia mchachatochachato (_) slow, deliberate gait.

digitata). Cf. buyu, ubuyu. mchanga sing. 1. sand. - mnene (mwembamba). ^mbungo (mi-) rubber liana (Landolphia mchafuko (mi-) 1. something dirty /filthy. 2. coarse (fine) sand, chembe ya -. grain of mbuzi (— ) 1. goat. — mwitu. ibex, klipspringer. florida). disorder, confusion; (pol.) crisis. — wa sand. 2. dust, powder, sukari -. granulated 2. coconut grater. kilimwengu. international crisis. 3. breakers, sugar. Cf. uchanga. surf. Cf. chafua. mchanganuo 304 mchemko mchengo 305 mchocha

mchengo (mi-) mchanganuo (mi-) analysis. changa. mche (mi-) seedling, 1. mowing (grain). 2. cutting, Cf. 1. cutting, slip. 2. fig. mchimbaji, mchimbuzi (wa-) one who digs for felling (trees). Cf. ichenga. descendant, offspring. a living: excavation/construction laborer; mchanganyaji (wa-) 1. one who mixes or com- (— wa madini) miner, mine worker. — mchenza (mi-) pounds something, 2.: — dawa. mchea, mcheaji (wa-) mandarin-orange tree (Citrus dhahabu. druggist, timid/timorous person. goldminer, gold-digger. Cf. chimba. 2 nobilis). pharmacist. Cf. * changa. Cf. cha. Cf. chenza.

mchimbi, mchimvi, mtimvi (wa-) arch, un- mchanganyiko (mi-) mixture. mcheshi (wa-) pleasant/affable person. lucky Cf. ^change. mcheaji (wa-) see mchea. Cf. person, person of ill omen (one for cheka, cheshi. whom an unfortunate life was foretold at mchanganyo (mi-) 1. confusion. 2. forgery, his birth). chimba, Imcheche (mi-) spine, quill (of a porcupine). Cf. chimvi, uchimvi. imitation. Cf. ^changa. mcheza, mchezi; mchezaji (wa-) 1. player, athlete. - gozi. football player. 2.: - wa mchimbuzi (wa-) see mchimbaji. ^mcheche (mi-) spark. (= ^cheche.) michezo ya kuiga. actor. 3.: — ngoma. rochango (mi-) intestinal worm, maw-worm. a dancer, mcheza and mchezi are used gen- mchimvi (wa-) = chango.) see mchimbi. ( mchegamo (mi-) mat placed under the head of erally and without special connotation; a corpse. Cf. egama. mchezaji, however, implies always that mchinja (wa-) z the see mchinjaji. mchango (mi-) 1. payment, deposit; contribu- person is especially skilled or a profes- tion. 2. collection money); fund. mchekecho (mi-) sifting. Cf. chekecha. (of (fin.) sional. Cf. cheza. mchinjadamu (mi-) (kind of) banana. — wa Kitaifa. National Provident Fund. 3.

mil.: — wa askari. recruitment of soldiers. mchekele (mi-) wild olive tree. mzeituni. Cf. mchezaji (wa-) see mcheza. mchinjaji, mchinja (wa-) 1. slaughterer, Cf. changa. butcher. 2. executioner, hangman. 3. mchekeshaji (wa-) see mchekeshi. mchezi (wa-) see mcheza. murderer. Cf. chinja. mchanjo (mi-) 1. cutting, lopping (of branches).

2. cut, wound. 3. med. vaccination. Cf. mchekeshi, mchekeshaji (wa-) jolly/amusing mchezo (mi-) 1. game. 2. sport. - mchinjiko wa mpira. (mi-) cord, rope (made of the fibers chanja, chanjo. person, joker, wag, clown. Cf. cheka. football game. — wa ngumi. boxing the match. of baobab; used by nursing to 3. dance. 4. entertainment, amusement, support the breasts). mchanyato (mi-) mchanyato (a dish consisting mcheko (mi-) (manner of) laughing, laughter. fun. anafanya haya kwa - tu. He does this of bananas and manioc). Cf. chanyata. Cf. ^heka. only for the fun of it. Cf. cheza. mchinjo (mi-), kichinjo (vi-) slaughter, murder, massacre. Cf. chinja. mchapa: — maji. (wa-) coll. drinker. Cf. mchele (mi-; us. collec. sing.) 1. (husked) rice. mchi (michi) 1. pestle, pounding-pole. 2. (- wa chapa. 2. (cleaned) grain (in gen.). — wa mtama. mashine) piston. mchipukizi (wa-) handsome young woman. millet grain. Cf. chipua. mchapaji*, mchapishaji (wa-) printer, publisher. mchicha (mi-) edible plant, spinach (Amaranthus Cf. chapa. mchelea, mcheleaji (wa-) nervous person. Cf. spinosus). mchiririko (mi-) drainage water (from the eaves 2cha. of a house). Cf. chiririka. mchapishaji (wa-) see mchapaji. mchikichi (mi-) oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). mcheleaji (wa-) see mchelea. mawese. Cf. mchirizi, mkirizi (mi-) gutter, eaves, pipe, mchapo (mi-) 1. blow, cut (with a whip). drainage ditch. Cf. chiririka, chirizi. 2. whip. Cf. *chapa. mchelema (mi-) watery manioc. Cf. chelema. mchikicho (mi-) seasoning, flavoring (for foods). mchocha (mi-) mchocha (tree with edible mchawi (wa-) magician, sorcerer, wizard. Cf. mchemko (mi-) see chemko. fruit). (= mchamvya.) uchawi. mchocheaji 306 mchorochoro mchoroko 307 mdahalo

mchocheaji (wa-) (usually — moto) stoker, mchomaji (wa-) arsonist, incendiary. Cf. mchoroko (mi-) plant resembling the pea fireman. Cf. chocha. choma. mchunguti (mi-) see 2 msunguti. (Phaseolus mungo).

mchunguzi mchocheo, mchocho (mi-) 1. (act of) poking, mchomo (wa-) 1. inquisitive/impudent per- (mi-) 1. (act of) burning. 2. rare mchoshi, o mchovu (wa-) annoying/boring person. stirring (a fire); push, shove, kick. 2. son. 2. spy, scout. 3. observer, fig. cooking. Cf. choma. journalist. Cf. ichoka. stimulus, impulse, instigation. Cf. chocha. Cf. ^xhunga.

2 mchomo (mi-) 1, irritation. 2. med. inflamma- mchoto (mi-) small amount, pinch. Cf. chota. mchungwa mchochezi (wa-) one who stirs up, excites, (mi-) orange tree. Cf. chungwa. tion; (sharp, sudden) pain. 3. stab (wound). provokes; agitator. — wa vita, warmonger. Cf. choma. mchovu (wa-) see mchoshi. Cf. chocha. mchuni (wa-) see mchunaji.

mchovya mchongelezi (wa-) see mchongezi. (wa-) a person who dips his finger mchocho (mi-) see mchocheo. mchuruzi (wa-) see mchuuzi. into the food when eating. Cf. chovya. mchongezi, mchongelezi (wa-) 1. betrayer, mchuuzi, mchochoni (mi-) mchochoni (variety of yam; mchuruzi (wa-) retail merchant, shop- talebearer, informer. 2. slanderer, scandal- mchovyo (mi-) hardening, tempering (metals); 2 poisonous, but eaten after the poison has keeper. Cf. chuuza. monger. Cf. chonga. plating, dhahabu ya -. gold-plating, been removed). gilding. Cf. chovya. mchuzi (mi-) soup, broth, gravy, sauce, curry, mchongo (mi-), chongo (— (act of) cutting, ) kionja mchochoro (mi-) see kichochoro. -. small beard below the lip, cut, notch. Cf. chonga. mchu (michu) mchu (species of mangrove, imperial (lit.: 'gravy-taster'). (Avicennia marina). mchochota (mi-) med. itching dry scab. Cf. mchongoma (mi-) mchongoma (thorny shrub, mchwa chochota. (-) white ant, termite. Flacourtia indica). mchukuzi (wa-) carrier, bearer, porter. Cf. chukua. mdaa (mi-) mchokocho (mi-) irritation, vexation, annoy- mdaa (plant used for making a mchoo (mi-) rainy season (July to late September). black dye, Euclea ance. Cf. chokoa. multiflora). (= msirisha.) mchumba (wa-) 1. lover, sweetheart. 2. fiance(e), mchopozi (wa-) 1. thief. 2. miser, skinflint. Cf. chumba, chumbisha, uchumba. mdaawa* 1. (wa-) jur. plaintiff, claimant. Imchokochore (mi-) mchokochore (kind of tree), Cf. chopa. 2. (mi-) = daawa, dai. Cf. daawa, dai. mchumbururu (mi-) swordfish. (= chuchunge.) Anchokochore (mi-): — dume a weed. mchorachora (wa-) 1, poor writer, scrawler. Mdachi* [Cerm.l (wa-) rare a German. 2. (in gen.) one who does something badly, mchunaji, mchuni (wa-) flayer, knacker. 2 Cf. (= Mjeremani.) Cf. Dachi. mchokoo (mi-) pointed stick. Cf. chokoa. botcher, bungler, Cf. chora. chuna.

mdadisi (wa-) inquisitive/impertinent person. mchokozi (wa-) inquisitive/obtrusive/annoy- mchoraji (wa-) engraver. chora. Cf. Whunga (wa-) see mchungaji. Cf. dadisi. ing/troublesome person. Cf. chokoa.

mchoro (mi-) 1. scratching, inscribing. 2. en- mdago 2mchunga (mi-) mdago (a weed, Adenium coeta- (mi-) mchunga (a plant the leaves of ^mchoma: — moto (wa-) stoker, fireman (on a graving. 3. carving, sculpture. 4. tattooing. neum). which are cooked as a vegetable). locomotive). Cf. ^choma. Cf. chora. mdahalo* mchungaji (mi-) discussion, debate, exchange (wa-) {rare mchunga) 1. herdsman, mchorochoro (mi-) 1. scrawling, scribbling, ^mchoma (wa-) one who stabs. choma. of views. Cf. dahili. Cf. shepherd. 2. fig. leader; (rel.) pastor, illegible handwriting. 2. arabesque. Cf. priest. 2 1_L_._ Cf. chunga. mdih 309 ndai 308 rcdhana mduriani

bring bad luck/misfortune. 4. one who brings mdoriani* (mi-) see mduriani. mdai* (wa-) 1. creditor. 2. jur. plaintiff, mdanganyifu (wa-) see mdanganyi. others under suspicion, talebearer, informer. claimant. Cf. dai. mdoshi (mi-) treadle (of a loom). mdanzi (mi-) (Seville) orange tree (Citrus mdila* (mi-) coffeepot. (= dele.) danzi. mdaiwa* (wa-) 1. debtor. 2. jur. defendant, bigaradia). Cf. mdoya (wa-) see mdoezi. accused. Cf. dai. mdimu*, mndimu [ind.J (mi-) lime tree (Citrus mdarabi* [Pers.] (mi-) rose-apple tree auranti ). Cf. ndimu. mduara* 1. adj. round, (Eugenia jambosa). darabi. circular. 2. (mi-) mdakale*, mdakali (mi-) stem of an opium pipe. Cf. see duara. digali. Cf. mdiria (-) ornith. kingfisher. mdarahani*, mdalahani (mi-) mdarahani (soft mdubira* (wa-) unlucky person, = ;lk faKf'V)- someone who mdakair (mi-) see mdaktue. mdirifu* (wa-) well-to-do person, someone who is always unsuccessful. lives in easy circumstances. mdeke* (mi-) see mdeki. mdakizi, mdakuzi, mdukizi, mdaku 1. (wa-) 1. ldudu* (wa-) insect eavesdropper, gossipmonger, talebearer, (any small creeping or mdodoki* (mi-) bot. luffa (Luffa acutangula). mdeki*, mdeke (mi-) mil. ramrod. flying creature). slanderer, informer. 2. (mi-) gossip, slander. Cf. ^udu, kidudu; also Cf. dodoki. dude (?). Cf. 'daka, dukiza. mdele* (mi-) see mdila. mdoea (wa-) see mdoezi. mdudu mdako (mi-) mdako (children's game played with (mi-) mdudu (shrub with tuberous roots, mdengu* (mi-) bot. lentil plant. Cf. dengu. rarely used for food; pebbles). Cf. daka. Thylachium africanum). mdoezi, mdoea, mdoya (wa-) 1. scout, spy, 2. fig. parasite, sponger, wadoezi wa wabe- mdeni* (wa-), maduyuni (— ) debtor. Cf. deni. mdukizi (wa-) see mdakizi. mdaku (wa-) see mdakizi. pari. comm. bourgeois hangers-on. Cf. doea, doya. mdewere (mi-) bot. spinach. mdukuo (mi-) mdakulizi (mi-) 1. slanderer, talebearer, in- push, poke, blow, slap, box on the ear. Cf. dukiza, former. 2. someone who habitually contra- ^aka (?). mdogo (wa-) junior (in age or rank). - wa mdhabidhabina* (wa-), kidhabidhabina (vi-) dicts or protests. Cf. daka. waziri. deputy minister. Cf. dogo. 1. liar, deceiver, cheat, swindler. 2. gossip- mdumu (mi-) 1. pot, jug (usually metal). 2. tin monger. mdakuzi (wa-) see mdakizi. can/box. (= dumu.) mdomo (rare mlomo) (mi-) 1. lip. 2. mouth, tia

nyama .mdomoni. put meat in one's mouth. tndhaha*. msaha (-) mockery, joking, teasing. mdala (mi-) dial, bolt of cloth. mdundo (mi-) 1. sound of a drum. 2. mdundo 3. beak (of a bird). 4. mouth of an animal (kind of drum). Cf. dunda. (snout, maw, etc.), proboscis (of an insect). mdhalimu* (wa-) 1. oppressor, tyrant, despot. mdalahani* (mi-) see mdarahani. 5. opening, hole; nozzle, spout; mouthpiece 2. unjust/cruel person. Cf. dhalimu. mdundugo (mi-) mdundugo (a charm or amulet (of a wind instrument, etc.); barrel (of a gun). supposed mdalasini* (mi-) cinnamon tree (Cinnamomum to make the wearer invulnerable). bunduki ya midomo miwili. double-barrelled mdhamana* (wa-) see mdhamini. zeylanicum), cinnamon (bark). Cf. dalasini. gun. 6. mouth of a river, estuary. Cf. domo, mdunzidunzi (wa-) , dunzi (ma-) 1. spy, kidomo. detective. (wa-) 1. guarantor, bot. mdhamini*, mdhamana 2. prying person, . mdambi (— ) 1. savannah, grassland. 2. trustee, guardian, sponsor. 2. rare oppressor. heather (Erica). mdongea (mi-) mdongea (kind of shawl or wrap). Cf. dhamini. mduriani*, mdoriani [.Mai.'] breadfruit/durian mdanganyifu (wa-) deceiver, cheat, tree (Durio zibethinus). mdanganyi, mdono (mi-) bite, biting (offish at bait). Cf. 1. bad luck, misfortune, calamity. danganya, danganyifu. mdhana* (-) swindler; traitor. Cf. dona. 2. bad omen. 3. thing or person supposed to ndus 310 ;tuko *hib mlafanus

mdusi*, mdusia (wa-) parasite. dusa. neka 1. blaze/flame up, be red-hot, burn, glow. Cf. memsahib* ) see (— mamsahib. meskiti* (— ) see msikiti. 2. be red; (fig.) turn red, be embarrassed. mea 1. sprout, germinate. 2. grow the hair 3. (mekameka) glitter, sparkle. (of mena 1. scorn, disdain, despise. 2. be rude/' [>„„/ 1 messi* \_Engl. J (— ) mess, board, dining- or fingernails), appl. melea. grow on...; impertinent insolent/impudent. Cf. kimene. hali. (intr.) be overgrown, caus. melesha. intr. nekanika* [.Engl. J (-, ma-) mechanic, work-

meleka. kijimea, kimea, kimelea, mimea, Cf. mende (— ) 1. zool. cockroach. 2. vulg. one ^meta 1. gleam, glitter, sparkle, shine, 2. fig. mmea, mmelea. who practices sodomy. do very well at something, be successful. meko pi. of jiko. appl. metea. intr. meteka. caus. metesha.

^mechi* [Engl. J (— ) match, game. — ya meneja* iEngl.j (— ) 1. manager, director, Cf. kimeta, kimeti; also memeteka. melea appl. of mea. mpira. football game. administrator. — wa sinema. movie director.

2. sport trainer.

meleka intr. of mea, "meia* [Engl. J (— ) meter; cubic meter (of ^mechi* [Engl. } (— ) rare match (for lighting wood, building stone), —a — . metric. = mengi see ingi. fires). ( kibiriti.) meli* \_Engl. mail] (— ) 1. steamship (in gen.). kipimo cha — . metric system,

chumba cha — . cabin, ingia (pakia) — . go on meno pi. of iino. medali* [Engl. J (— ) medal. board. 2. cargo. 3. imported goods (brought methalan* see mathalan.

by ship), mpunga wa — . kind of imported mentaa* (— ) see mentari. Ifnede* ) small bed/couch (also used as a (— rice. methali*, mithali, misali (— ) symbol, emblem;

seat for guests). parable, proverb, tumia — katika mazu- mentari*, mentaa (— ) tweezers (for depilation).

melikora (— ) variety of rice. ngumzo. use proverbs in a conversation.

^mede* ) sport 1. goal, winning-post. Cf. mithili. (— menya 1. pull off, peel, husk. — muhogo melimeli*, melmeli [jnd. ] (-) melimeli (kind 2. rare goal, point. (viazi). peel manioc (potatoes). — mpunga. of thin fabric like muslin). Imeza* husk rice. 2. beat, pound, pulverize. [Port.j (-) 1. table, loc. mezani.

mega break off, divide up. — kwa meno. bite dining room. adv. at table. 2. counter, pi. goodness, good actions, prov,: — na off. appl. megea. intr. megeka. caus. me- mema (ticket) menzili* (— ) see manzili. office/window (bank, railroad sta- maovu ndio ulimwengu. There are both good gesha. Cf. mego, mmego. tion). — ya kuandikia. (writing-)desk. and evil in the world. Cf. eraa. kitambaa cha — . tablecloth. 3,: — ya Bwana. merekani*, amerikani, (— ), mrekani (mi-) [Engl.j slice bread). mego (ma-) piece; bite, morsel; (of rough, unbleached cotton cloth, sheeting. rel. altar rail.

memba* [.Engl. J (— ) member. Cf. mega.

meremeta see memeteka. -meza swallow (up), devour, intr. mezeka. membe (— ) ornith. (species of) curlew (Numenius red. megukameguka) be confused, meguka {us. caus. mezesha. pass, mezwa. disjointed, incompletely expressed, unintel- phaeopus). merikebu* (— ) ship, steamship (always a vessel ligible, kifungu hiki cha maneno ya sheria = of European origin; chombo native vessel; mfaa (mi-) mfaa (center piece of a door). memeteka, memetuka, meremeta 1. shine, sparkle, kilitafsiriwa na fundi mmoja lakini maana meli = steamship only), loc. merikebuni. twinkle; give off sparks, 2. rare rage, haipo timamu bali imeme- glitter, kamili ya kisheria aboard. Cf. rakibu. mfadhili* (wa-) benefactor, donor, contributor be furious. umeme, memetuko. gukameguka. This section of law has been Cf. (to a collection of money). Cf. fadhili. its true meaning translated by an expert, but mesenja* [Engl. J (— ) messenger. memetuka see memeteka. is confused. mfafanusi (wa-) draftsman, illustrator. Cf.

meski* (— ) see miski. fafanua. memetuko (-) shining, glittering, sparkling, Mei* LEngl.l (month of) May. twinkling. Cf. memeteka. mtagiaji 312 nfiko ifili.' 313 mfugaji

street from his home and relatives; refugee, dis- mfagiaji (wa-) 1. sweeper. 2. charwoman. mfilisi* (wa-) 1, wasteful/extravagant person, nforsadi* (mi-) mulberry tree (Moras alba). located person. fariki. spendthrift. Cf. fagia. Cf. 2. one who causes financial Cf. f'orosadi. distress for another person, by legal or

hot. mfagio similar to the mfarishi* (mi-) mfarishi (kind of quilt or quilted illegal mfagio (mi-) (plant means: distrainer, swindler, embez- ifu (wa-) dead body, corpse. (= maiti.) Cf.

mallow; used for making brooms: Sida carpini- mattress). zler, etc. Cf. filisi.

folia). Cf. fagia. mfaruku* (wa-) a bereaved person. fariki. Cf. mfilisika (wa-) ruined/impoverished/bankrupt mfua 1. (mi-) {also mfuo) beating, striking, mfalme (wa-) ruler, king. Cf. kifalme, ufalme. person. Cf. filisi. hammering. — wa mawimbi. surf, breakers. mfasa (mi-) hot. mfasa (variety of grass with 2. (wa-) smith, metal-worker. — dhahabu blue blossoms, Veronica obconica). mfano (mi-) 1. sample, model, pattern; (liter.) mfinyanzi (wa-) potter, prov.: — hulia gae. The (fedha). goldsmith (silversmith). 3.: — nguo.

— . analogous. 2. potter parable, kama similar, commonly eats off potsherds. Cf. fi- washerwoman. Cf. M'ua.

example, kwa — . for example. 3. liter. mfasiri* (wa-) 1. interpreter, commentator. nyanga.

2. translator. Cf. fasiri. style (of writing). Cf. faa, fana, fanana. mluasi, mfuataji (wa-) 1. follower, adherent,

mfinyo (mi-) pinch(ing) (with the fingers). Cf. partisan, disciple. 2. pursuer, persecutor. mfeleji* (mi-) see mfereji. mfanya, mfanyi (wa-) 1. someone who performs finya. Cf. fuata.

an action or engages in an activity. — kazi. tree worker. — kazi ya reli. railroad worker. — mfenesi* (mi-) jack-fruit (Artocarpus mfiraji* (wa-) sodomite, pederast. Cf. fira. mfuataji (wa-) see mfuasi. biashara. businessman, merchant, trader. Integra). Cf. fenesi.

— mambo ya magendo. black-marketeer, — mfisadi* (wa-) see fisadi. mfuatano (mi-) 1. sequence, series. 2. retinue. mfereji*, mfeleji (mi-) 1. ditch, sewer, trench, hi an a. pol. renegade. 2. executor. 3. orga- Cf. fuata. irrigation nizer. Cf. faa. channel, mifereji ya kutilia maji. mfisha, mfishaji (wa-) 1. murderer. 2, fighter channels. 2. canal. — wa Panama. Panama (in a war). Cf. fa. mfufu, mfuu (mi-) mfufu (tree with small edible Canal. 3. water-pipe, water-tap. mfanyaji (wa-): — kazi. worker. — kazi uchu- berries). Cf. fuu. kuzi wa magari. chauffeur. — kazi wa relwe. mfishaji (wa-) see mfisha. mfichachani (kind of banana). railroad worker. — kazi wa shamba. agri- mfichachani (mi-) mfufuaji, mfufuzi (wa-) one who brings back

cultural worker. Cf. faa. mfitini* (wa-) troublemaker, agitator. Cf. from the dead/revives/resuscitates. Cf.

mfichaji, mfichifichi (wa-) 1. secretive/reserved litini. fufua. sly/crafty person. ficha. mfanyi (wa-) see mfanya. person. 2. Cf.

mfiwa (wa-) orphan, bereaved person. Cf. fa, mfufumaji (mi-) mfufumaji (kind of tree). mfichaji. mfanyizaji (wa-): — kazi. worker. Cf. faa. mfichifichi (wa-) see

mfiwi (mi-) hot. lima-bean plant (Phaseolus mfufuzi (wa-) see mfufuaji. (wa-) 1. insolent/arrogant person. Mfaransa* (wa-) Frenchman. Cf. Faransa, mfidhuli* lunatus). Cf. fiwi. boor, ruffian. fidhuli. Kifaransa, Ufaransa. 2. Cf. mfuga, mfugaji (wa-) 1. one who breeds and

mfo, mvo (mi-) 1. watercourse, stream, torrent. raises animals or poultry, cattle-breeder, mfigili*, mfigiri (mi-) mfigili (species of radish mfariji* (wa-) comforter, consoler. Cf. fariji. 2. channel/bed of a torrent. — mkavu. dry poultry-raiser, etc. 2. one who tames, breaks plant, Raphanus sativus). Cf. figili. torrent bed. in, or trains animals. Cf. fuga.

mfarika* (wa-) young animal (lamb, calf). distance mfiko (mi-) 1. extent, limit (i.e., the mfoko (mi-) sudden rush (of water, etc.), tor- mfugaji (wa-) see mfuga. will extend or can reach); mfariki*, mfaraka (wa-) lonely /solitary/ that something rent. Cf. foka. a bullet, abandoned person, one who separates himself hence 2.: — wa risasi. mil. range (of

etc.). Cf. fika. . .

314 mfune mfunga 315 mgahawa

mfugo 1. (mi-) breeding/raising/taming/train- mfumba, mtumbaji (wa-) 1. magician. 2. some- mfunga (wa-) 1.: — hesabu. one who checks mfurahivu (wa-) happy/jovial person. Cf. ing of animals. 2. domesticated animah one who conceals/makes a secret of his 3.: figures/audits accounts. 2. one who fasts. furaha, furahi, furahivu. mifugo. flocks, herds, livestock. fuga. activities. Cf. Tumba. Cf. Cf. funga.

mfure (mi-) wooden plate. mfujaji (wa-) 1. extravagant person, spend- mfumbaji (wa-) see mfumba. mfungizo (mi-) 1. obstacle, impediment. 2.

thrift. 2. lazy person, idler, good-for-nothing. fastening up. 3. siege, blockade. Cf. funga. mfuria* (— ) mfuria (kind of loose sleeveless

3. bungler, one who does his work badly. Cf. mfumbati (mi-) mfumbati (side-piece of a bed- coat).

fuja. stead). mfungo (mi-) 1. (act of) fastening/tying/

closing. 2. conclusion. 3. tie, bond. 4. rel. mfurungu* (mi-) mfurungu (citron, shaddock, (mi-) bag, purse; pocket. — mfumbi (mi-) drainage ditch (for rain water). mfuko wa barua. fasting. Cf. funga. Citrus rnedica). Cf. furungu. mailbag. — wa mto. pillowcase. — wa

kubebea. carrying-case. fuko, kifuko. ifumbua, mfumbuaji (wa-) 1. one who explains/ Cf. mfuagua (wa-) one who opens/unfastens. Cf. mfuto (mi-) 1. (act of) wiping, cleaning. 2. clears up obscurities, 2. translator. fig. funga. erasing, obliteration. 3. removal, abolition. fumba. mfukuaji, mfukuzi (wa-) one who digs, miner. Cf. 4. a common/plain/inferior article of any

fukia. kind, — . a plain Cf. mfunguo (mi-) 1. loosening, unfastening. 2. re- mlango wa door (without ifumbuaji (wa-) see miumbua. lease, liberation, rescue. 3. rel. end of carving or ornamentation), mkeka wa — . a mfukuto (mi-) steam, smoke, vapor. Cf. fuka. 1. plain/cheap mat. futa. fasting. Cf. funga Cf. ifumi (wa-) 1. = mfuma, 2.: kitanda cha —

(weaver's) loom. Cf. fuma. mfuu (mi-) see mfufu. ^mfukuzi (wa-) see mfukuaji. mfungwa (wa-) captive, prisoner. Cf. funga.

mfyatuko (mi-) see fyatuko. ''mfukuzi (wa-) one who banishes, persecutor. ^mfumo (mi-) 1. (act of) .plaiting, weaving. mfuniko (mi-) 1. cover, lid. 2. case. 3. pro-

Cf. fukuza. 2. fabric, cloth. Cf. fuma. tection, shelter. Cf. funika. mfyeka (wa-) one who cuts down trees or clears

land. Cf. fyeka. mfulilizo (mi-) see mfululizo. ^mfumo (wa-) see fumo. mfunzaji (wa-) see fundi.

mfyonza (mi-) sucking. — {or kifyonza) vumbi. mfulizo (mi-) 1. regular progression, sequence, mfunzi (wa-) see fundi. mfumua, mfumuaji (wa-) ]. spy, informer. vacuum cleaner. Cf. fyonza. succession, continuity. — wa masomo. a 2. slanderer. Cf. Huma. sequence/course of lessons. 2. series. Cf. *mfuo (mi-) 1. - mfua 1. 2. bellows. mlyozaji, mfyozi (wa-) rude/insolent person. fuliza, fua. mfumuaji (wa-) see mfumua. Cf. fyoa.

^mfuo (mi-) 1. line, stripe, karatasi ya — mfululizo, mfulilizo (mi-) 1. - mfulizo. 2.: — mfundishaji (wa-) 1. - fundi. 2. rare trainer. lined/ruled paper. 2. fuirow, groove, inden- mfyozi (wa-) see mfyozaji. 2 wa milima. a range of mountains, kwa — . one Cf. funda. tation, depression. 3. rare (kind of) drill, after the other. Cf. fuliza, fua. augur. Cf. fua. mfyuso (mi-) (kind of) net, trap. Cf. fyata, mf'undo (mi-) 1. thickening, knot. 2. package, fyusa. mfuma, mfumi, mfumaji (wa-) weaver. Cf. bundle. 3. fig. difficulty; grudge, malice, mfupa (mi-) bone. — wa bega. anat. collar- fuma. ill-humor. 4. fig. fad. Cf. funda, fundika. bone, clavicle, pi. mifupa. skeleton. Cf. mgaagaa (wa-) restless/lazy person, vagrant.

» In pa. Cf. gaagaa. mfune, (mi-) mfune (tree with whitish mfumaji (wa-) see mfuma. mgude bark, Sterculia appendiculata). ifuradi* (mi-) verse, poem. mgaiiawa* (mi-) see mkaliawa. ngaidi 316 mghafala mghalaba 317 mgunga

mga idi* (ma-) see ^ggjdj, mgawanya, mgawanyi (wa-) one who divides or mghalaba* (mi-) rivalry, competition. Cf. ghi- mgomvi, mgombi, mgomba-(wa-) quarrelsome

distributes. Cf. gawa. libu, ghiliba. person. Cf. ''gomba, Mgomvi. mgambo (mi-) public proclamation, official mgawanyi (wa-) see mgawanya. mghani* (wa-) (professional) singer. announcement. Cf. amba. Cf. mgongo (mi-) 1. back. 2. backbone, spine,

ghani. lala mgongoni. lie on one's back. 3. hump mgawanyiko (mi-) division, schism; (comm.) (on the back). — wa ngamia. camel's hump. Imganda (mi-) mganda (kind of drum). splittism. Cf. gawa. mgiligilani* (mi-) hot. coriander plant (Cori- 4. ridge, crest (hill, mountain). Cf. Mgongo, andrum sativum). jongo, kijongo. 2mganda (mi-) bundle, bunch, sheaf (of grain). mgawanyo (mi-) division, distribution. Cf. Cf. panda. gawa. Mgiriki* [Engl. 1 (wa-) a Greek. Cf. Kigiriki, mgoni (wa-) adulterer. Cf. gona. Ugiriki. mgandisho (mi-) see mgando. mgawiaji (wa-) see mgawaji. mgonjwa (wa-) sick person, patient. Cf.

mgodi (mi-) (usually loc. pi. migodini) mine. gonjwa. mgando, mgandisho (mi-) 1. coagulation (of mgawo (mi-) see mgao. milk, blood). 2. hardening, thickening. Cf. mgogoro (mi-) 1. obstacle, impediment. 2. dif- mgono (mi-) mgono (fish-trap). ganda. mgema, mgemi (wa-) mgema (maker of palm ficulty, trouble, nuisance. 3. misunderstand-

wine), prov.: — akisifiwa tembo hulitia ing, problem. mgoto (mi-) (act or sound of) knocking, tapping, 'mganga, mganguzi (wa-) 1. arch, witch doctor. maji. If the maker of palm wine is praised drumming; clap, bang. Cf. gota. 2, rec. doctor, physician. Cf. ganga. for his wine, he adds water to it. Cf. mgomaji (wa-) one who goes on a strike,

gema. striker. Cf. goma. mgude (mi-) see mfune.

^mganga (mi-) mganga (a kind of shrub yielding

a milky latex used as a fish-poison). mgemi (wa-) see mgema. mgulabi* LPers. J (mi-) mgulabi (litchi tree, *mgomba (mi-) banana/plantain palm (Musa Nephelium lappasceum). Cf. gulabi. sapientum). Cf. *gomba, ugomba; also splicing, mending. mgemo (mi-) 1. preparation of palm wine. 2. mgango (mi-) 1. binding up, ndizi. 2. cure, treatment. 3. healing, scarring over tapping of palms (to obtain the sap for pre- mgumba (wa-) 1. sterile person (man or woman).

(of wounds). Cf. ganga. paring wine). Cf. gema. 2. solitary /lonely person. 3. something which Angomba (wa-) see mgomvi. does not serve its proper purpose (because of

mganguzi (wa-) rare see mganga. mgeni (wa-) 1. stranger, foreigner. 2. guest, its nature, inadequate treatment, etc.): mgombea, mgombeaji (wa-) candidate, appli- visitor. Cf. geni. (green) wood that gives off smoke rather than cant, competitor. — uchaguzi. candidate in mgao, mgawo (mi-) 1. division, distribution. heat; beans or maize that have not been com- an election. Cf. Ugomba. change, 2. part, share. — wa faida. dividend. Cf. mgeuzo, geuzo (ma-) (usually mageuzo) pletely cooked and are not fit to eat. Cf. gawa. alteration, transformation; innovation, reform. gumba. mgombeaji (wa-) see mgombea. — wa kidemokrasi. democratic reform. Cf.

mgaragazo (mi-) confusion, disorder. Cf. gaa- geua. mgumio (mi-) see gumio. mgombezi (wa-) 1. faultfinder, carper. 2.

grumbler, surly person. Cf. Ugomba. mghafala* 1. (wa-) fool, simpleton. 2. (mi-) mgunda (mi-) rare plantation. (- shamba.) thoughtlessness, mgawaji, mgawiaji (wa-): — dawa. pharmacist, simplicity, artlessness; mgombi (wa-) see mgomvi. carelessness, negligence. druggist. Cf. gawa. absent-mindedness, mgunga (wa-) a person who must abstain from ghafula. Cf. something (e.g., observe a diet). Cf. gunga. mgomo (mi-) 1. diversion, feint. 2. sabotage,

strike. — baridi. slow-down strike. Cf. *goma. 1

IVihaya 319 iiba 318

Mhaya (Wa-) Haya (member of a tribe in - mhubiri* (wa-) 1. rel. preacher. 2. (political) mhaini* (wa-) see haini 2. ^mgunga (mi-) hot. (species of) acacia. ganyika). speaker. Cf. habari, iiubiri.

mhajiri* (wa-) emigrant. Cf. hajiri. mgunguti (mi-) hot. (species of) acacia, mhenga (wa-) 1. an older person who instructs mhuni* (wa-) 1. hooligan, vandal. 2. vagabond, mimosa. boys and girls in the initiation rites. 2. an tramp. 3. traitor. 4. outlaw, outcast, pariah. mhali* (— ) see muhali. elder who is a member of a native council. Cf. huni. growling, grumbling, mguno (mi-), guno (ma-) 3. (in gen.) one who can be relied on to give mhamaji (wa-) see mhamiaji. complaining, dissatisfaction. Cf. guna. good advice. mhunzi, muhunzi (wa-) craftsman who works in

metal or stone. — wa chuma. blacksmith. mhamiaji, mhamaji (wa-) immigrant, refugee. mguruguru (mi-) see 2gUrU Uru , g mheshimiwa* (wa-) Lille excellency (term of — wa mawe. stonecutter. Cf. uhunzi. Cf. hama.

u.uu/CO.> ,L>, UII.U I ,111 / li HL^H uffl,Lt,uU f, U K fJCI- mguruka (mi-) hot. (species of) mimosa. sons, but still used anyone deserving for mhuri* (mi-, — ) see muhuri. mhamishi (wa-) 1. homeless person. 2. nomad. respect). Cf. lieshimu. 3. rel., rare pilgrim. Cf. hama. of) mimosa, mguruti (mi-) hot. (species mia* hundred.

mhimili* 1. (wa-) patient/forbearing/long-suffer- mhanga (wa-) 1. animal killed as an offering. (act of) pressing. Cf. guruta. mguruto (mi-) ing person. 2. (mi-) support: post, prop, miaa pi. of mwaa, 2. fig. sacrifice. beam, girder. — wa dunia. axis of the earth.

(mi-) 1. (an act of) touching/contacting; mguso Cf. hamali. miadi*, mihadi (— promise (to do something mhanuni* (wa-) see mhina. ) touch, contact. 2. sense of touch. Cf. gusa. at a set time). Cf. ahadi. mhina*, mhanuni (mi-) henna plant (Lawsonia mharabu* (wa-) see harabu. mgutusho (mi-) 1. fright, astonishment, shock. inermis). Cf. hina. mialamu* (— ), mwalamu (mi-) 1. edge, border. (electric) shock. Cf. Igutua. 2. fig. 2. seam, hem 3. stripe (of color, in cloth). mharage* (mi-) see mharagwe. Mhindi*, Muhindi (wa-) Indian. — mwekundu. Cf. alama. miguu. go on mguu (mi-) leg, foot, enda kwa Red Indian, American Indian. Cf. Hindi, mharagwe*, mharage, mharaji iPers.J (mi-) foot, shika miguu. show respect, greet some- Kihindi, Uhindi. miayo pi. yawn(ing). piga (enda) — . to yawn. mharagwe (variety of bean plant, Phaseolus one respectfully; be in a subordinate posi- communis). Cf. haragwe. loc. miguuni. foot end of a bedstead. mhirabu* (mi-) mihrab (apse in a mosque, tion, miehezo pi. games, sport, coll. kufanya — . go mjiguu. showing the direction toward Mecca). Cf. guu, kiguu, in for sports. — ya Olimpiki. Olympic Games. mharaji* (mi-) see mharagwe. Cf. cheza. mgwaru* [/red.] (mi-) mgwaru (bean plant, mhisani* (wa-) benefactor. Cf. hisani. mharibifu* (wa-) see harabu. psoraloides). Cf. gwaru. Cyamopsis mifugo pi. flocks, herds, livestock. Cf. fuga, (wa-) Spaniard. Mhispania* [_Lat. ?j mfugo. mharita*, mwarita \_lnd.~] (mi-) soapberry tree mgwisho (mi-) 1. tuft of horse hair. 2. fly (Sapindus saponaria). Cf. harita. mhitaji* (wa-) 1. petitioner. 2. applicant, switch. mifupa pi. skeleton, Cf. mfupa. candidate. 3. poor/needy person. Cf. (mi-) mharuma (colored woolen shawl, Abyssinian, mharuma* Mhabeshi* (wa-), Habeshi (ma-) hitaji. miguuni see mguu. worn as a turban). Ethiopian. Cf. Uhabeshi. mhogo* (mi-) see muhogo. mihadi* (— ) see miadi. nhasi* (wa-) 1. -castrated person or animal, Mhadimu* (wa-) one of the original inhabitants gelding, eunuch (= towashi, maksai). 2. one hadimu. mhoro (mi-) mhoro (pointed stake in a pit for of Zanzibar. Cf. miiba pi. of mwiba. castrates. hasi. who Cf. trapping game). .

tikahc 320 minya minyara 321

pron. I, — mikaha* (— ) see nikaha. mimi abs. 1st pers. sing. me. minyara (— ) minyara (kind of tree, Euphorbia misitumisitu red. pi. of msitu. mwenyewe (nafsi yangu). I myself, wangu tirucalli). mikasi* pi. see mkasi. — . my own. miski*, meski (— ) musk, panya — . muskrat.

minzani* (— ) see mizani. mila* (— ) usage, custom; tradition; religious mimina pour out, spill; pour in, fill. appl. Misri* Egypt. Cf. Mmisri. prescription, —a — . customary, traditional, miminia. caus. miminisha. intr. miminika. mio 1. pi. of umio. 2. (ma-) (augment, of fig. be present in great number, walu umio) anat. larynx, throat, gullet (e.g., of missa* (— ) see misa. milele* 1. pi. endlessness, infinity; (rel.) walimiminika katika mkutano. There were an animal).

eternity, maisha ya — . life everlasting. crowds of people at the assembly. Cf. mita* {.Engl.l (— ) meter. miminiko. 2.: —a — . adj. eternal, constant. 3. adv. miongoni loc. of *mwongo. always, constantly. — na — forever. miteen*, minteen, miteni arch, two hundred. yadumu — ...! Long live ...! Cf. umilele. miminiko (ma-) 1. pouring out, overflowing. ^mirabaraba*: —a — . adj. checked, checkered. 2. fig. (super)abundance, profusion. 3. Cf. *mraba. miteni* see miteen. 2 milia 1. pi. of m lj a . 2. adj. striped, punda mold, casting. Cf. mimina.

— . zebra. mithali* (— ) see methali. ^mirabaraba* pi. cellulose, min* prep., rare from, of. Cf. minajili, synthetic fiber.

minghairi (sub baghairi), mintarafu. Cf. mraba. Imiliki*, 1. lead, conduct. tamalaki, tamaleki mithili*, misili 1. (— ) similarity, resemblance. 2. rule, govern, appl. milikia. intr. miliki- 2. adv. similarly, like, amekuja kimya mirathi* (— ) 1. inheritance, legacy, bequest. minajili* 1. prep, without; except, apart from, caus. milikisha. 3. ) see milki. ka. (— kimya — ya mwizi. He came stealthily like 2. leg. division of a legacy, masala — because of, as a result of. 2. conj. because, ya Cf. malki, mamlaka. a thief. Cf. madhali, mathalan, methali, rare law of inheritance. rithi. since; so that, in order that, in order to. Cf. mithilisha. kwa (ajili ya) minajili ya. for the sake of. 2miliki* (—) see milki. mirengu pi. see mrengu. Cf. min, ajili. mithilisha* compare. Cf. mithili. milioni* \_Engl. J (— ) million. misa*, missa LLat. J (— ) rel. mass, adhi- mindi (—) zool. mindi (species of antelope, miti (pi. of *mti) framework (of a house, etc.) misho la — takatifu. celebration of the mass. Abbott's duiker; cf. funo). milki*, miliki (— ) 1. rule, dominion, power. — ya kimya. low mass. — kubwa ya kiasko- 2. empire, kingdom. 3. property, prosperity. mitu (— ) ornith. Indian cockatoo. fu. pontifical mass, minenguo pi. minenguo (kind of dance). high — kubwa ya sherehe. 4. econ., rec. asset(s). Cf. miliki, malki. solemn high mass. — ya wafu. requiem mass. miuja* (— ) danger; misfortune, accident. Cf. minghairi* see baghairi. mimba (—) 1. fruit, germ, fanya — . germinate, mauja. misali* (— ) see methali. sprout. 2. . 3. conception, pregnancy, minika fold, turn up (the edge of cloth), hem. (wa na, tia — . fertilize, impregnate, chukua miungano pi. combination. — ya namba mba- misheni* \_Engl, J (— ) 1. rel. mission, skuli

— . procure shika) — . be pregnant, haribu limbali. combination of numbers, Cf. ^unga. mintarafu* prep, concerning, with regard to, ya — . school. 2. (official) mis- abortion. sion, detached service. as a result of. Cf. min, tarafa. miunzi pi. (sing, mwunzi rare) whistle, piga

mimbari* (— ) Tel. pulpit. — . to whistle. minteen* see miteen. misili* (— ) see milhili.

mimea pi. vegetation. Cf. mea, mmea. mivua pi. bellows, Cf. vukuta, mvua. minya press, squeeze, crush. Cf. finya. misioni* [.Engl. J (— ) mission, parish. mji 322 Mjerumani 323

miwa pi. see muwa. mjanja (wa-) deceiver, swindler. Cf. janja, ^mji (mi-) 1. settlement. 2. village; town, city, mjomba (wa-) 1, (maternal) uncle. 2. uncle (in

— mkuu, capital (city). Cf. kijiji. gen.). 3. nephew, niece (child of one's miwani* (eye) glasses, spectacles. — (— ) ya Mjapani*, Mjampani [.Engl.] (— ) a Japanese. sister), 4. polite term of address (for people

jua. sunglasses. Cf. Kijapani. of the older generation). 5= native of the 2mji (mi-) anat. 1. placenta, afterbirth, 2. (— = Swahili-speaking area around Mombasa. Cf. wa uzazi) rare womb ( tumbo Lift uzazij). miyaa pi. see mwaa. mjari*, mjarari (mi-) see ujari. Kijomba, Ujomba.

mjiari*, mi- see ujari. miye see mimi. mjaribati* adj. see jarabati. mjombakaka (— ) mjombakaka (kind of large

lizard), mjibu* (wa-) pleasant/affable person. Cf. mizani*, minzani (— ) 1= balance, scales, mjaribu* (wa-) person who tries out/tests fig. wajibti. something. — wa ndege, av. test pilot. Cf. mjomba (mi-) mjombo (kind of sea-fish).

balance (of a clock, watch). 3, astr. (the jaribu. mjiguu 1. (mi-) augment, of mguu. 2. (wa-) a constellation) Libra. Cf. uzani. mjoo (mi-) see mjoja. person with very large feet. mjasiri* (wa-) brave/daring/foolhardy person. mizigo pi. baggage. Cf. mzigo. Cf. jasiri. mjuba* (wa-) 1. courageous person. 2. impa- mjiko (mi-) 1. anat. rectum, 2. med. hemor- tient/boisterous person, 3.: moto huyu ni rhoids. Cf. Ijika. mja (wa-) rare 1. newcomer, stranger. 2. mjasusi*, mjasusu, jasusi (wa-) 1. spy, — sana; This child is very ill-mannered/

foreigner. 3. hist., liter, slave. Cf. ]a. traitor, 2. detective, plainclothesman. naughty. Cf. ujuba. mjima (wa-) helpful person. Cf. ujima. 3. inquisitive person. Cf. jasisi. mjadala* 1. (wa-) opponent. 2. (mi-) pol. o mjukuu (wa-) 1. grandchild. 2. (in gen.) rela- mjimbi (vi-) see jimbi. tive (on the paternal side) of the second opposition. mjasusu* (wa-) see mjasusi. generation, e.g., grandnephew, Cf. kijukuu. mjinga (wa-) stupid person, fool. Cf. jinga. mjafari* (mi-) mjafari (kind of tree, Erythrina mjeledi* (mi-) strap, whip, piga/tia — . to mjumbe (wa-) 1. messenger, envoy. 2. pol., tomentosa). whip. Cf. ijalidi. mjio (mi-) coming, arrival. Cf. ja. rec. deputy, delegate, representative. — wa

serikali. representative of the government, mjakazi (wa-) liter, female slave. ja, mjenga, mjengaji (wa-) see mjenzi. Cf. mjisifu* (wa-) braggart, conceited person. Cf of state. mja 3. chief Cf. ujumbe; also jumbe, sifu, majisifu. mjengo (mi-) I. (act of) building. 2„ style/ kijumbe. mjali (mi-) see ujali. method of building. 3. structure, building. mjolio* (mi-) mjoho (velvet apple tree). mjume* (wa-) 1. engraver, carver. 2. gunsmith. Cf. jenga. Mjampani (wa-) see Mjapani. Cf, mjumu, ujume. mjohoro (mi-) mjohoro (ironwood tree, Cassia mjenzi, mjengaji, mjenga (wa-) builder, archi- siamea). mjumu* (mi-), njumu ) rare inlay work, in- mjane (wa-) 1. solitary /lonely person. 2. un- tect. Cf. jenga. (—

married person: bachelor, spinster. 3. widow, crustation. Cf. mjume. mjoja, mjoo (mi-) 1. mjoja (kind of tree the widower. Cf. ujane. Mjeremani*, Mjerumani YEngl. J (wa-) a German. wood of which is used for building boats), Cf. Kijeremani, Ujercmani, J-mjusi (mi-) 1. lizard. 2. mjusi (lizard-shaped 2. a small boat similar to a canoe (made of mjango (mi-) a fruitless/unsuccessful visit. ornament on a kanzu). the wood of this tree). Cf. janga. Mjerumani* (wa-) see Mjeremani.

mjoli* Und. ] (wa-) arch, comrade, fellow- ^mjusi (mi-) nosebleed.

slave. Cf. ujoli. mjusi 324 mkalimani mkalimu 325 mkaragazo

'mjusi (wa-) magician, astrologer. (= mjuzi ?) mkahaba* (wa-) see kahaba. mkalimu* (wa-) rare teacher, educator. Cf. imkando (mi-) (act of) kneading, massaging; kalima. 3 massage. Cf. kanda. mjuvi (wa-) presumptuous /impudent person. mkahale* (mi-) pencil for applying kohl to the

Cf. ^jua, juvi. eyes. Cf. kohl. mkalio (mi-) 1. gift gi ven by the bridgegroom 2 mkando (mi-) bar to the bride's (of gold, silver). attendants. 2. gift given by a ljuzi (wa-) connoisseur, 2 expert. Cf. jua, mkahawa*, mgahawa (mi-) cafe', restaurant, young man to a girl's maternal uncle, who ujuzi. Cf. kahawa. mkangaja then presents (mi-) (species of) orange tree. it to the girl's father as_ evi- Cf. kangaja. dence of a proposal of marriage. Cf. ^kaa. mkaidi* (wa-) stubborn/argumentative person. Imkaa, mkaaji, mkazi (wa-) 1. inhabitant, res Cf. kaidi. dent. 2. mkamachuma mkangazi (mi-) fig. stay-at-home. Cf. *kaa. (mi-) mkamachuma (kind of tree), mahogany tree (Khaya nyasica/ fziiKguLensis). mkaja (mi-) 1. bandage 2 worn by women after mkamasi mkaa (mi-) mkaa (kind of tree the bark of (mi-) mkamasi (a fruit tree, Cordia childbirth. 2. gift given by the family of the mkanju* which is used as a medicine), latifolia). [_lnd.~] (mi-) mkanju (cashew apple bridegroom to the mother of the bride. tree, Anacardium occidentale). (= mbibo, mkaaji (wa-) mkorosho.) Cf. kanju. see ^mkaa. mkamba (-) med. tracheal catarrh. mkaka (mi-) mkaka (variety of rubber tree,

Acacia Verek). mkabala* adv. 1. on the contrary. — wa ... 2 2 imkano (mi-), ukano mkamba (mi-) see kamba. (-) anat. sinew, tendon. facing, opposite, contrasting. 2. face to mkakamavu (wa-) sly /shifty person. Cf. kaka- 2 face. Cf. kabili. mkambaa mkano (mi-) see mavu. (mi-) see mkambala. mkanyo. mkabidhi* (wa-) 1. trustee, administrator, mkambala, mkanya mkambaa (mi-) mkambala (species (wa-) one who^rebukes/finds fault with J-mkakasi (mi-) (round) metal box with a lid guardian. 2. frugal person, miser. ka- Cf. of acacia). other people. Cf. ^kana. (for perfumes, cosmetics, etc.). bidhi.

mkanyo, mkamshe* (mi-) see mkamshi. mkano (mi-), kanyo (ma-) 1. prohibi- Ankakasi (mi-) see mkasasi. mkadamu* (wa-) see kadamu. tion, refusal, repudiation. 2. rebuke, re-

mkamshi*, mkamshe [ind.'j (mi-) wooden proach, reprimand. Cf. *kana. nkadi* (mi-) mkadi (kind of tree, screw pine, mkakaya* (mi-) mkakaya (kind of tree, royal spoon/ladle. poinciana, Delonix regia). Pandanus Kirkii/tectorius). mkapitalisti* [_Engl.~\ (wa-) capitalist. Cf. ukapitalisti. mkana (wa-) one who denies/disavows, rel. mkagua, mkaguaji, mkaguzi (wa-) overseer, mkalamu* (mi-) arch, mkalamu (kind of reed - Mungu. atheist. Cf. ^ana. inspector. — shamba. farm inspector. — wa or bamboo used for making pens). Cf. mkarabaka (mi-) mkarabaka (kind of tree, kalamu. hesabu. comptroller. Cf. kagua. Encephalartos mkanda (mi-) rare strap, belt. (= ukanda.) villosus).

mkale (wa-) ancestor, forebear, ancient. nkaguaji (wa-) see mkagua. Cf. mkarafuu* (mi-) clove mkandaa (mi-) variety of mangrove (Ceriops tree, Cf. karafuu. - kale. candolliana). maiti. camphor tree. Cf. kafuri. ikaguo (mi-) examination, inspection. — wa

inspection a school. mkalimana (mi-) mkalimana (kind of banana). skuli. of Cf. kagua. mkandaji 3 imkaragazo (wa-) masseur. Cf. kanda. (mi-) downpour of rain, heavy shower,

nkaguzi (wa-) 1. - mkagua. 2. inspector; mkalimani* (wa-) interpreter. (- mfasiri.) mkandamizo (mi-) press. - wa maji 2 maji. mkaragazo (mi-) an inferior quality of tobacco. Cf. kalima, ukalimani. (liter.) reviewer. Cf. kagua. 3 hydraulic press. Cf. kanda. mkarakala 326 nkavu mka 327 mkinda

mkarakala (mi-) see mtututu. pact; statute, — wa amani. peace treaty. - mkazi (wa-) see ^mkaa. mkichaa (wa-) rare - wa urafiki. treaty of friendship- _ wa kuto- mwenye kichaa. insane person, madman, lunatic. mkarati, mkuruti (mi-) mkarati (kind of tree, shambuliana. nonaggression pact. 3. mil. mkazo (mi-), kazo Baphia (ma-) 1. fastening, securing, Kirkii)* regulations. Cf. kitabu. strengthening. 2, pressing;, mkidhi* compressing. (wa-) rel. the granter (of benefactions) 3, pressure. 4. emphasis, stress. - (= mkaribishaji* (wa-) hospitable/generous wa God). Cf. kidl.i. per- mkataji*, mkati (wa-) cutter [tailor, etc.). Cf. sauti. accent (on a syllable ). 5, fig. stead- son. (= mkarimu.) Cf. karibia. *kata. fastness, constancy; stability, durability. mkiki (-) mkiki (kind of fish). Cf. kaza. karimu* (wa-) host, hospitable person. Cf. mkatale* (mi-) stocks, foot-shackles. kirimu, karimu. mkilemba (wa-) mkilemba (someone who has like (wa-) wife. Cf. ke. earned the right to wear a turban; sec *!;•!;-. niKaiani (mi-i_ sisai nemp plant (Agave sisa- mba): (fig. J successful candidate, mkasa* (mi-) rare 1. event, occurrence, inci- lana). (= Imkonge.) prizewinner. Cf. katani. nkebe* [lnd.1 (mi-), kebe (ma-) 1. pot, can. dent. 2, (piece of) news. Cf. kisa. 2. box, case. mkilua (mi-) mkilua (species of liana the flowers mkatavu. (wa-) stubborn/quarrelsome person. of which are used to make perfume). Cf. ^mkasama* (mi-), kasama (-) 1, part, share. Cf. *kataa, katavu. nkeka (mi-) (sleeping) mat. kilua. 2. division, partition, distribution. 3, math. mkate* (mi-) 1. loaf bread. division. Cf. kasimu. of 2. (— mtamu) mkeketo (mi-) something/someone of the mkilungwana same (mi-) mkilungwana (kind of rubber cake, 3. compact/pressed piece of some- size/height (as something/someone else). tree, Landolphia Kirkii). thing. — wa tumbako. pressed/plug tobacco. Ankasama* (mi-) mkasama (kind of manioc), Cf. kekela. — wa nyuki. honey in the comb. Cf. kata. mkimbiaji, mkimbizi (wa-) sport halfback. Cf. mkasasi*, mkakasi (mi-) mkasasi (kind of tree), mkekewa (mi-) mkekewa (a weed). (= nikwa- kimbia. mkati (wa-) see mkataji. ngwachara.) mkasi*, mkassi (mi-) {also makasi, pL) (pair mkimbizi (wa-) 1. fugitive, deserter. 2. pursuer, mkatili* (wa-) 1. cruel person, 2, aggressor. of) scissors. mkereza (wa-) ]. one who uses a lathe, persecutor. = turner, 3. mkimbiaji. Cf. kimbia. Cf. katili. pol. 2. timeserver, opportunist. Cf. kereza. mkasiri (mi-) mkasiri (shrub the bark of which mkimu* (wa-) 1. provider, supporter (one who mkatizo* (mi-) interruption, pause, break. is used to make a black dye). mkero (wa-) importunate/meddlesome supplies person. someone else with the necessities Cf. ^kata. Cf. kera. of life). 2. careful/attentive person. 3. one mkassi* (mi-) see mkasi. who harps on a subject. Cf. kimu. mkato* (mi-) 1. (act of) cutting, felling (trees). *mkesha (mi-) clearing up (after a rain). 2. cut, incision. 3. section, division, com- mkata* (wa-) 1. poor person. 2. boaster, brag- mkimwa (wa-) unfriendly/ill-humored person. gart, *kata, ukata. partment; (— wa duara) arc (of a circle). Cf. 2 Cf. kimwa. mkesha (mi-), kesha (ma-) night-watch, vigil. 4. cutting down, shortening, reduction, njia Cf. kesha. ya — . shortcut. 5. med. amputation. 6. fig. mkataa* 1. (— ) decision, undertaking directed mkinaifu* independent/self-sufficient person. toward a goal. firmness, decisiveness, determination. 2. adv. definitely, finally, Cf. kinai, kinaifu. mkevve (wa-) arch. (- mke wake) his wife. irrevocably, unalterably. Cf. ^kataa. maneno ya — . resolute words. Cf. kata.

mkia ^mkinda (mi-) (mi-) 1. tail, la -. be last. 2. feeler, mkinda (dance at the initiation mkataba* (mi-) 1. agreement, settlement. 2. nkavu: .— wa macho (wa-) rude/insolent person. antenna (of an insect). 3.: - wa mjusi. ceremony for girls). jut., pol. contract, deed, charter, treaty, Cf. kavu, kauka. lines of embroidery on a kanzu, proceeding 2 from the mjusi (see Imjiisi 2), nikmda (wa-) see kinda. ikole 329 ikono mkindani 328 ikole

mkindani (wa-) see mkinzani. mkizi (mi-) 1. cuttlefish. 2. sepia. ^mkole (mi-) bundle, bunch. — wa nuzi. a mkomunisti* [.Engl. J (wa-) communist. Cf. bunch of coconuts. — wa mvua. rare rain- kikomunisti, ukomunisti. = mkindu (mi-) mkindu (wild date palm, Phoenix mkoba* (mi-) bag, pouch, purse. — wa kike, bow. ( upinde). Cf. kole.

reclinata). Cf. kindu, ukindu. handbag. Cf. koba, kuba, kubaza. mkomwe (mi-) see mkombwe. mkoloni* lEngl. J (wa-) colonialist. Cf.

koloni, ukoloni. mkondo (mi-) 1. flow, course, run, current. — mkinga 1. (mi-) obstruction, obstacle, barrier. mkoche, mkoma (mi-) (species of) dwarf palm

— wa dam, dike. 2. (wa-) .person who wa mto. bed of a river, prov. maji hufuata maji. (Hyphaene coriacea). Cf. koche. obstructs/impedes others. Cf. kinga, ^mkoma (mi-) see mkoche. — wake. The water follows its course/runs mkingamo. in its bed. 2. track (of an animal). — wa ^mkodi (mi-) mkodi (a spirit). 2 simba. the track of the lion. 3. wake (of n m Um., (w H .) rare Uper. (" nr.venyc „kuum.) L mkingaji |.wa-) defender, protector. Cf. kinga. ship). 4. elec: — wa stimu. electric current. 2mkodi* (wa-) one who rents/leases. Cf. kodi. ''mkoma (wa-) one who stops doing something. mkingamo (mi-) 1. obstacle, impediment, njia mkonga (mi-) trunk (of an elephant). (= mkono, Cf. *koma. mkoe (mi-) mkoe (kind of liana, Pergularia mwiro.) ya — . roundabout way, detour; crossing, extensa). crossroads. 2. resistance, opposition, Cf. mkomafi (mi-) mkomafi (kind of tree, Carapa Tdnga. ^mkonge (mi-; sisal plant. Cf. ukonge. moluccensis). ^mkogo (mi-) show, display, demonstration. mkingiko (mi-) cross-beam, roof-beam (of a Cf. koga. mkomamanga (mi-) pomegranate tree (Punica ^mkonge (— ) mkonge (kind of sea-fish with house). kinga, mkinga. Cf. 9 granatum). Cf. komamanga, Manga. poisonous spines). 2mkogo (mi-) see ^kogo. mkingiri (mi-) mkingiri (a shrub the bark of = mkomba (wa-) coll. drunkard. ( mlevi.) mkongojo (mi-), ukongojo (kongojo) stick, staff, is as a remedy for snakebite). which used mkojo, mkojozi (mi-) 1. urine, mwaga — . uri- Cf. ''komba 2. cane, crutch. Cf, ^konga. nate. 2. - kikojozi. Cf. kojoa. mkingu (mi-) mkingu (kind of tree, Albizzia mkombo (mi-) naut. rudder-handle, tiller. nkongwe (wa-) sickly /feeble person. lebbek). mkojozi (mi-) see mkojo. Cf. kongwe, konga

mkombozi (mi-) 1. rescuer, liberator. 2. rel. mkinzani, mkindani (wa-) opponent, adversary. Imkoko (mi-) mkoko (species of mangrove, Saviour, Redeemer. Cf. komboa. mkonjo (mi-) see mkonzo. Cf. kinza, kinzani. Rhizophora mucronata. The wood is used

for house building; the bark, for the soles of mkombwe, mkomwe (mi-) 1. mkombwe (twining mkono (mi-) 1. arm, hand. — wa kuume (kushoto). (wa-) see mkristo. mkiristo sandals). plant, Coesalpinia bonducella). 2. seeds of right (left) hand. — wa ndizi. a hand of bananas.

the mkombwe (used in a board game). 3. 2. unit of length (from the fingertips to the mkirizi (mi-) see mchirizi. 2mkoko* [.Engl. J (mi-) cocoa tree. Cf. koko. mkombwe (a powder used in charms, made elbow, 45 cm). 3. handle. — wa chungu. handle

from these seeds). of a pan. 4. signature, tia — . sign (a letter, mkitamli (mi-) mkitamli (coconut palm, Cocos mkokoto (mi-) 1. pulling, dragging. 2. the track document). 5. inlet (of the sea), branch (of a mucifera). Cf. kitamli. left when something is dragged through the mkomo (mi-) rare end, limit, boundary. river). 6. (— wa tembo) trunk (of an elephant); = variety sand. Cf. kokota. ( kikomo.) (fig.) of banana. Cf. kikono, kono, mkiwa (wa-) 1. poor/destitute person, beggar. ukono. 2. solitary /lonely person. Cf. kiwa. Imkole (mi-) mkole (kind of tree). mkomoka (mi-) mkomoka (kind of manioc). .

330 mkonyezo mkufunzi ikueei!7 331 iikungumanga

mkonyezo (mi-) sign, signal; wink, hint; warn- tikoromo (mi-) 1. snoring, snorting. 2. purring mkugenzi, mkurugenzi (wa-) rare pioneer, mkumbufu (wa-) person with a good memory. a cat). koroma. ing. Cf. konyeza. (of Cf, leader; superior, boss, manager, Cf. ukuru- Cf. kumbuka. genzi. mkonzo, mkonjo (mi-) pointed stick, hunting mkorosho (mi-) mkorosho (cashew apple tree, mkumbuu (mi-) 1. belt, sash, 2. sling, bandage.

spear. Cf. konzo. Anacardium occidentals), Cf. korosho. mkuki (mi-) spear, lance. 3. mil. shoulder strap.

mkoo (wa-) dirty /untidy person. Cf, ukoo. mkosaji, mkosefu, mkosi (wa-) 1. one who vio- mkunazi* \_Pers, ? (mi-) mkunazi (kind 'mkuku (mi-) naut. keel (of a boat, ship). j of lates the law, offender, criminal. 2. rel. tree, Zizyphus jujuba), Cf. kunazi, kiku- mkopaji, mkopi (wa-) 1. debtor. 2. rare sinner. Cf. kosa. nazi. -mkuku (mi-) mkuku (a kind of climbing plant). swindler. Cf. kopa. mkosei'u (wa-) see mkosap. mkundaji (— ) mkundaji (kind of fish). mkule (mi-) mkule (kind of sea-fish). mkopeshi (wa-) 1. lender, creditor. 2, usurer.

Cf. kopa. ^mkosi (wa-) see mkosaji. mkunde (mi-) bean plant (). ikulima (wa-) agricultural worker, farmer. Cf. Cf. ukunde. mkopi (wa-) see mkopaji. ^-mkosi* (— ) bad omen, bad luck. Cf. kisirani. mkundu (mi-) anat. anus. Cf, kikundu. mkulivu (wa-) 1. idle /lazy person. 2, boring/ mkopo (mi-) 1. loan, credit. — bila ya faida. mkota (mi-) mkota (species of sweet sorghum, tiresome person. Cf. Mvua, kulivu. interest-free loan. — wenye faida ya chini 'mkunga 1. Sorghum saccharatum). (wa-) midwife (= mzalishi). low-interest loan, ununuzi wa — kabisa. 2. confidential (female) adviser, older mkulo, mkuro (mi-) filter, strainer (for straining purchase on the instalment plan. 2. trickery, mkowa (mi-) mkowa (bandage worn by women grated coconut). woman friend who makes arrangements for a swindling. Cf. kopa. marriage, during pregnancy; cf. mkaja). Cf. "kunga. ukunga.

^mkumbi (mi-) mkumbi (a shrub, Ochna albo mkorofi* (wa-) 1. cruel/brutal person. 2. one mkiristo (wa-) mkristo*, mkristu, iPort. ?} -mkunga (mi-) (species of) serrata. The bark is usused to prepare a vellow marine eel. who brings bad luck. Cf. koroli. Christian. Cf. kikristo, Lkristo, _ 9 dye). (= Triwungamo.)

imkungu (mi-) 1. cooking pot, frying pan. mkoroga, mkorogaji (wa-) troublemaker, 2. mkubwa (w'a-) 1. leader. 2. director, manager; -^mkumbi lid of a cooking pot, chungu. agitator, insurgent, revolutionary. Cf. koroga. (mi-) track, traces (of an animal or a Cf, superior, employer. Cf. kubwa. person),

mkorogaji (wa-) see mkoroga. Ankungu (mi-) (species of) almond tree (Termi- mkudhumani* (mi-) pomegranate tree (= mkoma- 1 nalia mkumbizi (wa-) one who cleans a catappa). Cf, ^kungu. martga). Cf. kudhumani. up/makes (wa-) see mkorogo 2. mkorogi clean sweep of something; gleaner. Cf. •Jmkungu mkufu (mi-) (ornamental) chain. — wa shingo. kumba. (mi-) fruit stem of the banana plant mkorogo 1. (mi-) agitation, trouble-making, necklace. — wa mguuni. anklet. (with the entire bunch of fruit). discord, confusion. 2. (wa-) {also mkorogi) ^mkumbizi (wa-) one who pushes/jostles, quarrelsome/pugnacious person. Cf. koroga. (wa-) 1. leader. 2. skilled mkunguma (mi-) mkunguma (kind of tree, mkufunzi, rhkurufunzi rough/inconsiderate person. Cf. ^kumba. workman, journeyman. 3. rare teacher, edu- Sorindeia usambaraensis), mkoromaji (wa-) one who habitually snores. cator. Cf, ^funda. mkumbo (mi-) 1. destruction, devastation. Cf. koroma. 2. loss. Cf. ^ktimba. mktingumanga (mi-) nutmeg tree (Myristica fragrans). Cf. kungumanga. mkunguni 332 mkutar mkuto 333

*mkunguni (wa-) lazy person, mkuto (mi-) idler. Cf. uku- mkuranga (mi-) arid region, desert. (= jangwa.) 1. (act of) meeting, running, across, mkwao (wa-) fellow villager, fellow countryman. finding. 2. fold, bend, curve. Cf. kuta. Cf. ' wao. mkuro (mi-) see mkulo. mkutuo (mi-) jerk, ^mkunguni (mi-) mkunguni (species of almond impact, shock. Cf. kutua. mkwara (mi-) mkwara (kind of tree, Millettia tree, Terminalia Fatraea). mkuru (wa-) see mkuu. Bussei). mkuu, mkuru (wa-) 1. superior, manager, director, head. mkurufunzi (wa-) see mkufunzi. _ wa skuli. school principal. ''mkunguni (mi-) a long, stout stick. mkware (wa-) 1. sensual/lascivious person. 2. leader, chairman. _ wa chama (kiti). 2. prostitute. 3. female animal in heat. Cf. party leader. mkurugenzi 3. mil. commander. 4. presi- mkunguru, ukunguru sing, seasoning fever, (wa-) see mkugenzi. ^kware, ukware. dent. - wa serikali/dola. chief of state. newcomer's fever (due to difficulty in adjust- t>. comm. cadre. mkurungu (mi-) mkurungu (kind of tree, Cf. kuu. mkwaruzo ing to a change of climate or diet). Ptero- (mi-) 1. scratching, scraping, grating carpus chrysothrix). (action, sound). 2. scraper. 3. scratch, sur- mkuwadi*, mkwadi (wa-) l.(sexual) impotence. face wound, abrasion. mkung'uto (mi-) 1. shaking, sifting, winnowing. 4. track, trail (of a 2. = mkururo (mi-) line, kawadi. 2. refuse, rubbish, Cf. kung'uta. procession (of people). snake, etc.). Cf. kwaruza.

mkuyati* (_) me d. (sexual) mkunjaji (wa-) one who bends/folds some- mkuruti (mi-) see mkarati. restorative, tonic; mkwasi (wa-) wealthy/well-to-do person. Cf. aphrodisiac. thing; folder. — uso. one who makes faces, kwasi, ukwasi. mkuruzo, clown. Cf. kunja. mkuruzu (mi-) drawstring (cord, etc., mkuyu for closing a bag, a garment at the neck, (mi-) wild fig tree. Cf. kuyu. mkwe (wa-) relative by marriage: father- etc.) mkunjo (mi-) 1. folding, creasing. 2. fold, (mother-) in-law, son- (daughter-) in-law, mkuzaji (wa-) livestock breeder. Cf. crease, suruali yenye — . trousers with a \ua. brother- (sister-) in-law.

pressed crease, 3, wrinkle, Cf. kunja. mkuruzu (mi-) see mkuruzo. mkwachuro (mi-) mkwachuro (disease of coco- mkweme (mi-) mkweme (species of liana, nuts). mkusanya, mkusanyi (wa-) one who mkuno (mi-) (act of) scratching, scraping, collects/ Telfairia pedata), Cf. kweme. gathers/assembles, grating, Cf. kuna. Cf. kusanya. mkwadi* (wa-) see mkuwadi. mkweo (mi-) 1. (act of) climbing, mounting. mkunungu (mi-) mkunungu (kind of tree the mkusanyi (wa-) see mkusanya. 2. climb, ascent. Cf. kwea. mkwaju (mi-) tamarind tree leaves of which are eaten as a vegetable), (Tamarindus indica). Cf. kwaju. mkusanyiko, mkusanyo (mi-) 1. heap, quantity. mkwepuzi (wa-) rare thief. (= mwivi.) Cf. 2. accumulation, collection. mkuo (mi-) 1. heap, lump. 2. bar, ingot (of 3. gathering, kwepua. mkwakwa, mkwakwara (mi-) metal). assembly; crowd, throng; tumult. 4. set, mkwakwa (climbing plant kit, Cf. kusanya. bearing edible fruit, Landolfia florida). mkwezi 1, (wa-) one who climbs/mounts; one mkupuo (mi-) 1. push, shove, blow. 2. (act of) who make a business of climbing coconut mkusanyo (mi-) see mkusanyiko. mkwakwara (mi-) see mkwakwa. trees shaking off, pushing aside, getting rid of to knock down the nuts. 2. (mi-) climb- ing something. Cf. kupua. plant, creeper, liana. Cf. kwea, kwezi. mkwamba (mi-) mkutano (mi-) 1. meeting, — wa umma. mass mkwamba (kind of thorny shrub).

meeting. — hadharani. open meeting. 2. con- mkupuzi (wa-) one who is given to pushing/ Vkwiji (mi-) bag, pouch, purse, sultation, discussion, conference, mkwangwachare (mi-) mkwangwachare (species hitting/horseplay. Cf. kupua. session. of — wa waandishi/wanagazeti. press confer- liana, Smilax Kraussiana). (= mkekewa.) ^mkwiji (wa-) rare = gwiji. ence. 3, contest, competition. Cf. *kuta. 334 mlegevu 33r ilimwengu

mkwiro (mi-) drumstick. 2. quarrelsome/irritable person. Cf. lala. ilei, mlai [E ngl. ^ (wa-) layman; (pi.) lav- mlia (wa-) one who cries (e.g., a people, Iaitv. child). Cf. Jlio mla (wa-) eater, consumer, mla riba. usurer. mlalazamu* (wa-) watchman, guard. Cf. lala,

liter.: — watu. cannibal. Cf. Ma. zamu. ilei (wa-) (children's) nurse, babv-sitter. Cf. *>,-,. ^ , -mha (m.-) 1. colored l stripe. 2. striped ml(>zi- patte mlaanifu*, mlaanizi (wa-) 1. one who curses/ mlamba (wa-) one who licks /has a sweet (of cloth). Cf. milia. swears. 2. accursed person, us. pi. wala- tooth. Cf. lamba. mleli (mi-) tail-feathers of a bird nifu. rel. the damned. laana, laani. (often used mli ,ana Cf. (mi-) mliiana (kind of n langrove, Son- as ornament), toa -. put out a tail-feather neratia cae solaria /ac Ida). ^mlamba (mi-) see mramba. (fig-) show signs of prosperity. mlaanizi* (wa-) see mlaanifu.

'«i i ma (mi-) mountain, large hill; steep mlamu (wa-) see mwamu. climb. mlemhe (mi-) mlembe (the honey birduiiu, Indicator l mladi* (mi-) mladi (stick used by weavers > indicator _ vva to molo# volcano, milima, safu ya miliina. indicator). tighten threads). mountain range, Cf kilima. mlandawa (mi-) banyan tree.

mlenge (mi-) mlenge (game plaved mlafi (wa-) one who eats greedily /voraciously, bv th rowing mlimaji (wa-) rare agricultural worker, farmer. mlangali (mi-) mlangali (kind of tree, Euphorbia). sticks). glutton. lapa, lafua. = Cf. ( mkulima.) Cf. 'lima.

mlangamia (mi-) mlangamia (parasitic plant grow- mlengu (mi-) naut. outrigger. mlaghai* (wa-) deceiver, cheat, swindler. Cf. mlimao* (mi-) - see mlimau. ing on cloves, etc.; Cassytha filiformis), laghai.

mleo (mi-) 1 staggering, reeling . as a drunken „* i- r miimaum l ima mlimao D 1, , , , IPers.j (mi-) lemon tree gate, , mlango {rare mwango) (mi-) 1. door, person). swaying, 1 2. rocking, wavering.~ mlai* \_Engl. J (wa-) see mlei. fC;, r , « V . rr,- [Citrus Limonum). Cf. limau. entrance, fig. milango ya maarifa. the five 3. concussion, vibration. t„ rolling (of a senses. 2.: — wa mto. mouth of a river. — ship). Cf. lewa. I- i -l i \ ,. , , , mlaji (wa-) (great) eater, one who likes to eat mlimbiko (mi-), limbiko (ma-) 1. wa bahari (or sometimes mlangobahari). supply, reserve: certain things. Cf. la. (econj reserve .. , . , fund. 2. thri ft, economy. strait, channel. — wa Suez, the Suez Canal. , mlela|i (wa-) I. messenger, deliverer, bearer. qc |j m i,jk a 3. (mountain) pass, defile; bottleneck. 2. sender (of a letter). 3. porter. mlala (mi-) mlala (species of dwarf palm). Cf. lota. 4. genealogy. 5. liter, chapter. 6. goal (foot- = ( mkoche, mwaa.) iimbolimbo (mi-) mlimbolimbo (a thorn ball). Cf. lango, kilango. bush, iilevi (wa-) heavy drinker, drunkard, alcoholic. Euphorbia cuneata). Cf. ulimbo. C\. Iewa, levi. mlalafi (wa-) see mlalavi. mlariba* (wa-) moneylender, usurer. Cf. mla, mlimbuko (mi-) .see limbuko. riba. 'mle/.i, mlei (wa-) mlalaji (wa-) late sleeper, sleepyhead. Cf. I. nurse, children's maid.

2. governess, tutor. lala. 3. jur, guardian. Cf. mlimi (wa-) 1. chatterer, mlazi 1. (wa-) children's nurse (lit.: one who gossip, talebearer. Ica- 2 " boaster, braggart. limi, puts to sleep,). 2. (mi-) cradle. Cf. lala. Cf. kilimi, ulimi. mlalamishi (wa-) jut., rare plaintiff. (- mdai.)

Cf. lalama. -mle/.i (mi-) med. mlimo ("'-'") cultivation, mle dem. pron. (also adv.) in that, inside there, swelling of the neck glands. agriculture, farming, scrofula. tillage. within. Cf. Mima, kilimo. mlalangwa (mi-) mlalangwa (kind of tree, Ficus

Bussei)* nilimwengu, de- 3 mlezi (mi-) mwulimwengu (wa-) 1. inhabitant mlegevu (wa-) 1. weak, sickly person. 2. (species of) millet plant. Cf.

l of the 7 earth - I'uman being. pressed/dejected person. Cf. lega, legevu. „lozi. 2. easv-going/ mlalavi, mlalafi (wa-) 1. restless sleeper (one happy-go-lucky person. Cf. ulimwengu. who twists and turns in his sleep). inda 336 337 nnads

mlinda, mlindaji (wa-) 1. watchman, guard, mlipuko (mi-) explosion, detonation. Cf. lipuka. ^mlozi* (mi-) almond tree. Cf. lozi. keeper, caretaker. — ndege. one who watches mmelea (mi-) creeping/climbing plant, parasite plant. Cf. mea, kimelea. over a planted field (scares away birds, mlisha, mlishi (wa-) one who feeds/cares for 2 mlozi (wa-) magician, sorcerer. etc.). 2. mil. guard, sentry, Cf. linda. Cf. loga. (people or animals). Cf. la. mmisionari* \_Engl.~] (wa-) missionary. mlumbaji (wa-) speaker, mlindaji (wa-) see mlinda. orator, eloquent per- mlishi (wa-) see mlisha. son. Cf. lumba. Mmisri (wa-) Egyptian. Cf. Misri. mlingano (mi-) 1, resemblance, similarity, 2. mlisho (mi-) 1. feeding, nourishment. 2. Isl. mlungula, mlungura 1. (wa-) thief, mmoja (wa-) a (certain) person, harmony, unison, 3, geom. symmetry, robber, someone, kila 4. (or month of the Muhammadan year (preceding swindler, extortionist. 2. -. each (and every) one. moja. mlinganyo) math, equation, Cf. linga. (mi-) bribery, Cf. Ramadhan). Cf. la. corruption: bribe. Cf. Ii.ngii| 3 .

mmoyomoyo, mmwaka (mi-) mlinganyo (mi-) see mlingano 4. mmoyomoyo (a shrub, mliwa* (mi-) mliwa (kind of tree, Spirostachys mlungura (wa-, mi-) see mlungula. Sapindus saponaria). africana)* Cf. liwa. mlingoti (mi-) 1. (ship's) mast, — wa maji.

mluzi sing. see uluzi. mmrirna* (wa-) coast dweller (i.e., inhabitant bowsprit, — wa mbele. foremast, — wa galme. mlizabu* (mi-) see mrizabu. of the coastal area where mizzenmast. — wa bendera. flagstaff, 2. Swahili is the native mluziluzi (mi-) mluziluzi (a kind of tree; the language). Cf. mrima. vulg. penis. mlizamu* (mi-) spout, eaves, gutter, pipe. seed pods make a whistling noise in the Cf. mrizabu. wind; cf. uluzi). mmumunye, mmung'unye (mi-) mlinzi (wa-) 1. watchman, guard, caretaker; bottle-gourd plant (Lagenaria vulgaris). Cf. mumunye. shepherd. 2. protector, defender, 3. jur. mlizi (wa-) 1. one who cries/screams/whines. mmalidadi* (wa-) see malidadi. guardian. Cf. linda. 2. one who causes someone/something to mmung'unye (mi-) see mmumunye. make a noise. Cf. lia. Mmanga* (wa-) Arab. 2 mlio (mi-) 1. sound (in gen.). 2. bang, report. Cf. Manga. mmunina* (wa-) see muminina. — wa bunduki. rifle shot. 3. cry (of a person mlo (mi-) 1. food, diet; provender, fodder. mmasihiya*, mmasiya (wa-) Christian or animal), roar, bellow., etc, — wa ng'ombe. 2. banquet. Cf. la. (= mkristo). Mmvita (wa-) inhabitant of lowing of cattle. Cf. Mia. Cf. masihiya. Mombasa. Cf. Mvita, Kimvita. mlomo (mi-) see mdomo. mmasiya* (wa-) see mlipa, mlipaji, mlipi (wa-) one who pays, mmasihiya. mmwaka (mi-) see mmoyomoyo. payer. Cf. lipa. mlonge (mi-) mlonge (kind of tree the leaves mmbea (wa-) of which are eaten as a vegetable). 1. chatterer, gossip, scandal- monger. 2. inquisitive/curious mmwambao (wa-) rare one who lives mlipaji (wa-) see mlipa. person. Cf. on the mbea, umbea. coast. Cf. ambaa, mwambao. ^mlongo (mi-) see mwongo. mlipi (wa-) see mlipa. mna, mmbuji*, mbuji (wa-) well-dressed/elegant muna 1. 2nd pers. pi. you have. 2. (in ^mlongo (wa-) see 'mwongo. person. Cf. umbuji. it) there is.., mlipizi (wa-) one who exacts payment. —

kisasi. avenger. Cf. lipa. mlonjo (mi-) stilt (used in various games). mmea (mi-) sprout, shoot; (pi.) vegetation. mnaanaa (mi-) see mnanaa. lonjo. Cf. Cf. mea, kijimea. mlipuaji (wa-): — baruti. minesweeper, explo- mnada* (mi-) 1. sale, auction, piga (uza kwa) expert. lipuka. sives Cf. mlowezi (wa-) settler. Cf. lowela. -. auction mmego (mi-) 1. breaking, biting. 2. ripping, off. 2. rare, rec. chamber of commerce. tearing (up, to pieces), Cf. mega. Cf. nadi. 338 mng aro Mngn: 339

mnadi* (wa-) 1. auctioneer. 2. announcer, mnazaa* 1. (vva-) quarrelsome person; one who Mngazija (wa-) inhabitant of the Comoro m „n n j ve a thing, 2. (mi-) T much; too much, inordinately, — sala. Isl. one who calls to prayer, muez- does shameful/disgraceful Islands. Cf. Ngazij, excessively; unusually; very. (Sometimes zin. Cf. nadi. quarrel, dispute, ill-feeling, Cf. nazaa. used in conjunction , .. . . with m „ , ,, other words of mng oaj. wa-) usually / with a followm , object) _ ^^ ' liar, coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). ^ J mnafiki* (wa-) deceiver, hypocrite, Cf. mnazi (mi-) one who pulls ... out/up. - meno. dentist. unafiki. Cf. nazi. Cf. ng'oa. mnofu (mi-) flesh, lean meat (without fat or bones). Cf. nofu, kinofu, (wa-) see mwana. nofoa. mnajimuu*, mnajimu (wa-) 1, astrologer. mndege mngo|a, mngo|e, mngojaji (wa-) watchman, 2, astronomer, Cf. unajimu. guard, keeper, attendant, mil. guard / \ g sentfsentrvy° mnoga ' (mi-) green tobacco leaf. mndimu* (mi-) see mdimu. — mlango. doorkeeper, porter. Cf. ngoja. mnajisi* (vva-) unclean/impure /profane pcisuu. mnong'onezi, . .. , . mnong'oni (wa-) whisperermsperer, najisi. mndunga (mi-) mndunga (bitter species of mngojai! (wa-) see Cf. mnpoja. r, r prompter. Cf. nong'ona. manioc), mnamo adv. about, approximately. mngoje (wa-) see mngoja. nnong'oni (wa-) see mnong'onezi. mnena (wa-) eloquent, confident speaker. —

1. ornith. finch, golden weaver. watu. popular speaker, demagogue. — uwongo. mngojezi (vva-) mnana (mi-) 1. guard, protector. > -, 2. observerooserver. i ^ , nmong ono (mi-) 1. whispering. . , . 2. (idle) o , talk staining the strips liar, *nena. 3. steward, ' 2. yellow dye (used for Cf. housekeeper. ngoja. , Cf. n n , rumor. Cf. nong ona. from which mats are made). (wa-) 1, talkative person, gossip, mnenaji, mneni mnguri (mi-) wooden hammer, mallet (used •* , . byy u i i v m Mn,lbl wa ") a Nubian. , , ( Cf. Kinubi. mnanaa*, mnaanaa (mi-) hot. mint plant 2, = mnena. Cf. *nena. shoemakers).,

(Mentha viridis /piperita). Cf. nanaa. mnukauvundo (mi-) ... . , mnukauvundo (a (wa-) 1. defender, advocate, proponent. shrub mnenea mngurumizi (wa-) 1. one who roars /growls / - r ... r. Cassia occidentalis). 2. critic. 3. opponent. Cf. *nena. bellows. mnanasi* [Pers. J (mi-) pineapple plant 2. grumbler, faultfinder Cf (Ananas sativa/comosus). Cf. nanasi. nguruma. mnukio (mi-) aromatic substance, mneni (wa-) see mnenaji. perfume. Cf. nuka. mnandi (wa-) ornith. mnandi (cormorant, mngvvana (wa-) see mwungwana. Phalacrocorax). mng'ago (mi-) see mng aro. mnako sm odor ' (either • ^^ ^l pleasant or mmlimniU* (mi-)Ui \ mdigoA- plant1 . n J- r (Indigofera . tinctorialJ , „, nr pleasant). Cf. nuka. (mi-) see mng'aro. L/. mnara* (mi-) 1. tower. - wa taa. lighthouse. mng'ao nili.

2. minaret, steeple. Cf. nuru. mnuna, mnunaji, mnuni (wa-) with very bright/ grumbler, fault- mng'ariza (wa-) 1. a person mnimbi (— ) mnimbi (a large fish). finder, malcontent. Cf. nuna. eyes, wicked person, sorcerer. mnaso (mi-) 1. (act of) catching, trapping. piercing 2. ng'aa. mninga (mi-) (a 2. trap. 3. what is caught (in a trap), Cf mninga tree providing good mnunaji (wa-) see mnuna. lumber). catch. Cf. nasa. mng'arizo (mi-) brightness, gleam, glitter, glare, mnunda (wa-) see nunda. glow. macho, shining/piercing eyes. mnjugumawe mnavu (mi-) hot. nightshade (Soianum nigrum/ - wa (mi-) Madagascar/Bambara peanut nodiflorum). Cf. ng'aa. plant. Cf. njugu. mnuno (mi-) grumbling, complaining, fault- finding. Cf. nuna. for 1. brightness, mnawili* (— ) mnawili (an agreement mng'aro, mng'ao, mngago (mi-) mnjugunyasa (mi-) peanut plant (Arachis nauli. lucidity, intelligibility. Cf. hypogaea). shipping goods). Cf. 2. fig. clarity, Cf. njugu. mnunuzi (wa-) buyer, purchaser, customer. ng'aa. Cf. nunua. mnyama 340 mnyoo mnyoo 341

mnyama (wa-) 1. animal, beast- 2. coarse/ mnyenyekevu (wa-) quiet, humble person. Cf. mnyoo (mi-) roundworm, intestinal fig. worm. moja moja. one after another, one by one, nyenya, nyenyekevu. stupid person. Cf. nyama, kinyama, unyama. one each, walikuja mmoja mmoja. They came mnyororo, mnyoo (mi-) 1. chain, fetter. - wa one at a time, uhusiano wa — na — . one-to- mnyamavu (wa-) taciturn/uncommunicative mnyeo (mi-) 1. tickling, itching. 2. craving, baisikeli. bicycle-chain. 2. jail, confine- one correspondence, pamoja. together. 2. person. nyamaa, nyamavu. yearning. Cf. *nyea. ment. Cf. an individual, a certain one. mtu mmoja. a

certain person, mmoja wetu. one of us. (wa-) head, headman, mnyevu (mi-) dampness, moisture, vapor. Cf. mnyozi (wa-) see kinyozi. mnyampara, mnyapara mojawapo. someone or other. 3. uniform, leader (esp. a caravan or an expedition). nya. of homogeneous, moyo mmoja. harmony (lit.: mnyunyo (mi-) sprinkling, moistening. Cf. one hearty, watu si wamoja. People are not nnyangalika (wa-) nondescript/uselessAope- mnyevunyevu adj. wet, moist, damp. Cf. nya. nyonyota. all alike. Cf. kumoja, mamoja, mmoja, pa- moja, umoja. mnyimaji (wa-) miser, skinflint. nyangalika. mnyima, Cf. mnywa, mnywaji (wa-) drinker. Cf. nywa. nyima. mojawapo see moja 2. mnyang'anyi (wa-) 1. robber, plunderer, brig- mnywanywa (mi-) mnywanywa (a shrub, Pluchea

and, burglar. 2. invader, conqueror. mnyimaji (wa-) see mnyima. dioscorides). Cf. mola* sing., Isl. Lord (= God). nyang'anya. stinginess, miserliness. mnyimo (mi-) Cf. mnywo (mi-) 1. swallow of water. 2. mnywo *moma be spread out/spilled/scattered; to nyima. mnyanya (mi-) tomato plant (Lycopersicum (an alcoholic beverage). Cf. nywa. spread (of fire, water, disease), appl. momea cerasiforme). ^nyanya. Cf. (momia). feeler, arm, tentacle a cuttle- mnyiri (mi-) (of mo 1. relat. pron. 2. adv.: — mote, wherever,

uprising, insurrection. — wa fish, etc.). no matter where, everywhere. mnyanyuko (mi-) 2 moma (ma-) moma (kind of snake, Bitis gabo- silaha. armed uprising. Cf. ^nyanya. urine/feces. mnyo (mi-) 1. (act of) discharging modeli* [.Engl. ] (-) model, type. 2. shower (of rain). Cf. nya. mnyapa (mi-) mnyapa (a plant, spurge). momonyoa see monyoa. moduleta* [Engl. ] (-) mus. modulator,

mnyofu (wa-): mtu — . honest/honorable person. mnyapara (wa-) see mnyampara. monyoa, nyoka, nyofu. momonyoa break off, tear off; pick Cf. mofa (-) 1. small (clay) oven. 2. (also mkate (fruit), appl. monyoiea. caus. monyosha. mnyaufu sing, (process of) drying up, wither- wa — ) round loaf of bread (of millet flour) intr. monyoka, momonyoka. break off, become mnyongaji (wa-) hangman, executioner. Cf. baked in a ing/wasting away. Cf. nyauka. mofa. eroded, crumble away, 2nyonga. fall into ruin.

mnyefu (mi-) see unyefu. mofti* [Engl. J adj. /adv. see mufti. Imori mnyonge (wa-) 1. weak/sickly person. 2. mean/ (-) young animal. _ ya ng'ombe. calf,

malicious person. Cf. nyonge. heifer. — ya farasi. colt, filly. mnyegea (mi-) mnyegea (kind of tree, Kigelia mogo (mi-) see mwogo.

pinnata). 2 mori* (-) (animal) fat, mnyonywaji (wa-): — damu. bloodsucker, moja 1. num. one. kumi na — . eleven (= ten tallow. and one), mnyenyekeo (mi-) 1. honor, respect, esteem, exploiter. Cf. nyonya. mia kwa — . one percent. — kwa

servility, humility, — . straight away, without delay, devotion. 2. deference, immediate- ^mori* (-) 1. excitement, anger, ferocity (e.g., nyenya. ly, amesikia ati mama yake mgonjwa akao- reverence. Cf. *mnyoo (mi-) see mnyororo. of male animals fighting over females, and

ndoka — kwa — . News reached that him his fig.). 2. mori (a medicine which is supposed mother was ill and he left immediately. to produce anger and ferocity). ,

moyo 342 Mozambiki 343 mpambe

morita*, morta (— ) (short) span (distance from — . become hot. tia — . set a fire (arson), fig., Mozambiki . mpakuzi (wa-) 1. one who unloads, (usually) thumb to forefinger when the hand is fully recent, take off (of airplanes), prov.: dawa stevedore, longshoreman. 2. rare one who ya — ni — . The remedy for fire is fire. — wa opened). Cf. shibiri. mpagani* [Engl.l (wa-) pagan, heathen. serves food. Cf. ^pakia. milele. rel. hell. 2. burning, glowing, makaa

Moroko* Morocco. ya — . glowing coals. 3. heat, warmth, tem- mpagazi (wa-) carrier, bearer, porter. Cf. mpalilio, mpalio (mi-) 1. hoeing, weeding. 2. — . water. zeal, perature, maji hot 4. fig. pagaa. hoeing time. Cf. *paa. morta* (— ) see morita. energy, exertion, kazi — . hard/taxing work.

5. rare, elec. current, —a — . charged, live. mpaji (wa-) 1. generous person. 2. benefactor, mpalilizi (wa-) see mpalizi. . 6. adv.: — or moshi (mi-) 1. smoke, pazia la — . recent, pol. isiyo na — without current. donor, rel. - Mungu. God is the giver. Cf. mkate huu u motomoto. This bread smokescreen. 2. soot. 3. vapor, steam. motomoto. *pa. lmnalin fn,i.l -:~: (,i , ,. -- v-. , .,-..., Ui ft luc guige, cnoKing. L/. gari la — . locomotive, prof, palipo na — is very tresh. C/. joto, ujotojoto, umoto, paa. pana moto. Where there is smoke there is vimoto; also ^ota. mpaka (mi-) 1. boundary, border, limit, barrier. fire. Cf. joshi. piga (weka) _. set/establish a boundary, 2mpalio (mi-) see 2moto (mioto) marks/welts (made by beating). mpalilio. draw a limit, ruka -. cross a 4 boundary-line, mosi arch. 1. num. one. Jumamosi. Saturday Cf. ota. trespass, invade (a country). - mmoja. bor- mpalizi, mpalilizi (wa-) (the first day of the week), mwezi — . the one who hoes or pulls dering, neighboring, contiguous. 2. (time) weeds. Cf. Ipaa. first day of the month. 2. rare, adv. first. motobaiki* [Engl.] (— ) coll. motorbike, motor- limit, term. — wa tnwisho. the latest date, — lazima niende, pili... First I must go, cycle. deadline. 3. prep, until. - lini? until when? Impamba* [PersJ secondly... ( mi .) cotton plant (Gossyptum how long? - sasa. until/up to now. toka ... 2 motokaa* (— ) see motakaa. spj, Cf. pamba. 2 -. from ... to. Cf. paka. mota* [.Engl, j (— ) motor, rare baisikeli ya

— . motor scooter. motokari* (— ) see motakaa. 2mpamba, mpambaji, mpambi (wa-) decorator. mpaka, mpakaji, mpaki (wa-) one who spreads Cf. ipamba. or applies motaboti* [Engl. J (-) motorboat. motomoto see moto. something. - chokaa. plasterer.

- rangi. painter. Cf. ipaka. mpambaji (wa-) see 2mpamba. motakaa*, motokaa, motakari, motokari [Engl. J moyo (mioyo; dial, nyoyo) 1. heart, feeling, 2 bus, taxi. center, mpakaji (wa-) see mpaka. (— ) automobile, — ya abiria. conscience, character. 2. interior, mpambanisho (mi-) 1. contest. 2. bankruptcy. middle. — wa mnazi. core at the top of the Cf. pambana. mpakato (mi-) motakari* (-) see motakaa. coconut tree (favored as a delicacy). — wa something applied: patch, plaster, etc. jipu. core of an abscess, fig. kujifunzu Cf. Ipaka. mpambano (mi-) 1. encounter, meeting (sport, mote, mwote indef. pron. (agreeing w. nouns kwa — (or kujifunza). study hard, kimoyo- pol.). 2. mil. skirmish, engagement. mpaki (wa-) 2 3. rare all, whole, entire, nyumbani moyo. learn by heart. 3. courage, deter- see mpaka. w. suff. -nij fig. collision (of vehicles). Cf. pambana.

— . in the whole — . in all the houses, mjini mination, willpower, tia (kuza) — , jipa — mpakizi (wa-) — . wherever, in all places, every- piga — konde. take heart, pluck up courage. packer, loader, stevedore. city, mo Cf. mpambauke (mi-) mpambauke (a shrub, Lippia where. ote. — za kithaura. comm. revolutionary fervor. pakia. Cf. asperifolia), 4. fig. favorite, pet, sweetheart. Iiuyu ndiye

mpako (mi-) 1. spreading, — light/ — wake. This one is his favorite. Cf. choyo, smearing. - wa cho- Imoto (mioto) 1. fire, flame, washa . mpambe, mpambi (wa-) 1. eth. mpambe kaa. (girl who kijoyo, kimoyo, uchoyo. plastering. - wa rangi. painting. 2. kindle a fire, zima -. put out/extinguish a attends a bride at the wedding ceremony). plaster, stucco, pala whitewash. Cf. ^paka. fire, ota — warm oneself at the fire, 2. rec. well-dressed young girl. Cf. ipamba, pambe. mparuzi mpambi 344 mparamuzi 345 mpendi

mparuzi (wa-) 1. idler, lazybones. (wa-) mpangishaji, mpangishi (wa-) landlord, lessor. 2. bungler, L ^mpambi see -mpamba. mpekecho, mpeko (mi-) mpekecho (two sticks 2 blunderer. - wa karatasi. Cf. panga. scribbler, poor used for producing fire). Cf. pekecha. writer. Cf. Ipaa, parua. ^mpambi (wa-) see mpambe. see mpangishaji. mpangishi (wa-) mpeketevu (wa-) vain/arrogant mparuzo person. Cf. (mi-) 1. scratching, scraping. 2. pekecha, peketevu. ^mpanda, mpandaji, m panel i, mpanzi (wa-) scratch. 3. botchwork. 1 Cf. p aa , parua. *mpango (mi-) 1. arrangement, apportionment, planter, sower, Cf. ^panda. classification, order. 2. list, plan. 3. pol. mpeketo (mi-) see Mpekecho. mpasi (wa-) ambitious person, go-getter. Cf. program, platform, constitution, Cf. Mpanga. 2mpanda, mpandaji (wa-) 1. (mountain-)climber. pata. mpeko (mi-) see 2mpekecho. — baisikeli. bicycle rider. — farasi. (horse- 2mpaneo (mi-) 1. (act of) renting, leasing. back) rider, 2. jig. sponger, sycophant. Cf. in K ..sua (wa-) one who cuts/spins, - mbao. mpekuzi (wa-) inquisitive 2. rent. Cf. Mpanga. person. Cf. pekua, ^panda. one who saws boards, sawmill worker. Cf. pekuzi. pasua. mpanje (mi-) mpanje (kind of banana). "mpanda (mi-) see panda, mpelekwa (wa-) 1. messenger, courier. 2. envoy, mpasuasanda (-) (ornith.) nightjar. delegate. mpanzi (wa-) see i mpanda. Cf. peleka. mpandaji (wa-) see ^mpanda, ^mpanda. mpasuka (mi-) see mpasuko. mpelelezi (wa-) 1. observer, mpapai*, mpapayu Und. J (mi-) papaya tree scout, spy. 2. mpande (mi-) see kipande, upande. pursuer, persecutor. (Carica papaya). — mwitu. wild papaya Cf. peleleza. mpasuko, mpasuka, mpasuo (mi-) 1. tear, split. (Melochia melissifolia). Cf. papai. 2. bursting, breaking. 3. explosion, mpandi (wa-) see ^mpanda. detona- impemba (mi-) mpemba (kind of manioc). tion, mipasuko ya bomu la atomiki. atomic mpapatiko (mi-), papatiko (ma-) 1. beating, bomb explosions. Cf. pasua. Impando (mi-), pando (ma-) 1. (act, time, throbbing, fluttering, palpitation, pulsation, mpemba (wa-) coll. ignorant/ill-bred person. method of) planting, sowing. 2. row of vibration. 2, med. spasm, convulsion, Cf. mpasuo (mi-) see mpasuko. plants. 3. furrow, bed. Cf. panda. papa. mpenda, mpendi, mpendao (wa-) (usually w. foil, obj.) one mpatanishi (wa-) mediator, negotiator, arbitra- who is fond of something. - kula. mpapayu (mi-) see mpapai. 2mpando (mi-) (act of) climbing, mounting. tor. Cf. pata. glutton. - michezo. sports fan. - raha. easy-

Cf. ^panda. going person, wapendao vita, warmongers. mpapindi (mi-) mpapindi (kind of palm, Cycas Cf. penda. Jmpato (mi-) 1. = kipato. 2. procurement, mpanga (wa-) see ^mpangaji, 2m pangaji. Thouarsii). acquisition. 3. gain, profit. Cf. pata. mpendao (wa-) see mpenda. mpapuro (mi-) 1. scratching, scraping. 2. Impangaji, mpanga (wa-) arranger, — herufi. 2 mpato (mi-) float (on =1 scraper (an implement). 3. trace fishnets). ( chelezo.) scratcher, mpendelevu (wa-) one who favors/shows typesetter. — viti (meza). one who arranges favor- left by a scratch or scrape; scratch, surface 1 itism. Cf. penda, pendelevu. the chairs (tables) at a feast. Cf. panga. mpayukaji (wa-) chatterbox, wound. 4. fig. scribble, scrawl. Cf. papura. gossip, Cf. paya.

mpendevu, mpendezi (wa-) agreeable/congenial ^mpangaji, mpanga (wa-) 1. renter, tenant, inpea* mparamuzi (mi-) mparamuzi (kind of tree, (mi-) see mpera. person. Cf. penda, pendevu. a house, 2. rare employer. lessee (of field). Sterculia appendiculata)* Cf. ^ panga. lmpekecho, mpeketo (mi-) 1. (act of) twisting, mpendezi (wa-) see mpendevu. twirling, stirring. 2. disturbance, excitement.

3. agitation, trouble-making. Cf. pekecha. mpendi (wa-) see mpenda. mpendv 346 mpima mpima|i 347 mpomoshi

mpendwa (wa-) 1. favorite, pet. 2. youngest mpigaji (wa-) 1. - mpiga. 2.: — ngumi. boxer. mpimaji (wa-) see mpima. child. mpinzani (wa-) Cf. penda. — bendi. orchestra musician. Cf. piga. 1. - mpingaji. 2. stubborn person. Cf. pinga. mpimo (mi-) (act of) measuring, surveying, mpenyezi (wa-) 1. smuggler. 2. secret agent. mpiganaji, mpigani (wa-) warrior, fighter. Cf. weighing. Cf. pima. mpira (mi-) 3. traitor. Cf. penya. piga. 1. rubber tree. 2. rubber. - wa gumdumu. (bicycle, automobile) tire. _ wa mpindani (wa-) a person bent/deformed by ndani. inner mpenyezo (mi-) 1. penetration. 2. smuggling. mpigani (wa-) see mpiganaji. tube. - wa nje. (tire) casing. disease. Cf. pinda. (rubber) 3. bribe, bribery. Cf. penya. 3. ball, football, kucheza -. play football. mpiganisho (mi-) impact, collision; encounter; 4. elasticity, nyama hii ngumu mpindanifu (wa-) unshakable/resolute person. kama — . This meat mpenzf (wa-) favorite; lover, sweetheart. Cf. conflict, combat. Cf. piga. is tough. Cf. pinda, pindani. penaa. mpishi (wa-) cook. mpigano (mi-) see pigano. (= rare mpikaji.) mpindano (mi-) 1. stiffening, straining, press- mpepea (mi-) breeze, draft. Cf. pepa. Cf. pika. ing. 2. med. cramp. Cf. pinda. mpigi (wa-) see mpiga. mpita, mpepetaji, mpetaji (wa-) one who sifts/winnows mpitaji (wa-) 1. (also - njia) passer- mpindu/.i (wa-) 1. disturber of the peace, by. 2. rare traveler, (grain). Cf. pepa. mpigo (mi-) striking, hitting, beating; blow. passenger. Cf. pita. rioter. 2, lawbreaker. 3. rebel, agita- Cf. piga. tor. pinda. Cf. mpitaji (wa-) mpera*, mpea \_Port. J (mi-) guava tree ( see mpita.

guajava). — wa kizungu. myrtle tree (Jambosa mpigwa (wa-) 1. defeated/beaten person. mpinga (wa-) one who obstructs. - maende- mpito (mi-) crossing, vulgaris). 2. rare person killed in combat, casualty. passage. Cf. pita. leo pol. reactionary. _ tliaura. counter- Cf. piga. revolutionary. Cf. pinga. mpoa, mpetaji (wa-) see mpepetaji. mpua (mi-) distant country. - wa = bahari. mpikaji (wa-) rare cook. ( mpishi.) Cf. seacoast. mpingaji, mpingani, mpinzani (wa-) ]. oppo- mpevu (wa-) full-grown person, adult, huyu si pika. nent, adversary. 2. mischief-maker. mtoto mchanga ni — . This person is no longer ^pofu, pofu (_) eland (Boselaphus canna). Cf. pinga. a child but an adult. Cf. pevua, pevu. ^mpiko (mi-) cooking, preparation of food.

Cf. pika. mpofu (wa-) rare see mpingani (wa-) see mpingaji. kipofu. mpevushi (wa-) one who tempts /perverts/

seduces. Cf. pevua. 2mpiko (mi-) 1. carrying-pole; supporting bar mpingi mpokea, mpokeaji, mpokezi (wa-) (mi-) mpingi (kind of thorn tree, one who receives/collects. of a hammock. 2. lever. Ximenia americana). _ kodi. tax collector. w. mpiga, mpigaji, mpigi (wa-) (always foil. Cf. pokea. obj.) one who strikes/makes/produces some- mpilipili* LPers.J (mi-) pepper plant (Capsi- mpingo (mi-) ebony tree (Diospyros thing. — picha. photographer. — simu. teLe- ebenum). cum annuum). — manga, black-pepper plant mpokeaji (wa-) see mpokea. grapher. — chapa. printer. — muziki. musi- (Piper nigrum). — hoho. African pepper 2mpingo• , . v cian. — ramli. soothsayer, fortune-teller. (mi-) see pingo. mpokezi plant (Capsicum frutescens). Cf. pilipili. (wa-) see mpokea. — kura. voter. — maji. coll. drinker. —

— mpini (mi-) {augment, kipini) ngoma. drummer. — nyama. hunter, kelele. of (handle mpomoshi (wa-) one mpima, mpimaji (wa-) one who measures, who destroys. Cf. po- noisy child. — filimbi. sport, umpire, ref- of a knife, etc.). surveyor. Cf. pima. eree. Cf. piga. tnponda 348 mpunga mpungate 349

mponda (wa-) 1. (always w. {oil. obj.) one mposo (mi-) proposal ofmarriage, mpungate, mpungali courtship. (mi-) mpungate (species mpyoro (wa-) who pounds/crushes/pulverizes. — mawa. of cactus, 1. user of obscene Cf. posa. Opuntia fie us). language. 2. one who exaggerates: stonemason. 2. fig., coll. - mali (fedha). boaster, tale- bearer; one who squanders property hypocrite, liar. 3. (money). Cf. mposta* \_Engl.J (wa-) rare post-office em- mpungufu (wa-) onewhosUs person with a defect, one off by using many English ponda. ployee. (= mtu wa lacking words or diffi- posta). Cf. posla. in some respect, mtu huyu - wa cult and unusual Swahili words. akili. Cf. pyo ra This person is stupid/foolish/ pyoro. mpondo (mi-) (act of) crushing, grinding, mpotefu (wa-) see mpotevu. mentally defective. 2 Cf. , a punf , punRuflI . pulverizing. Cf. ponda. mpotevu, mpotefu, mpotezi (wa-) spendthrift, mpupu (mi-) Vaba*, maraba mpupu ( 1. ( mi _) species of bean pJant) square; rectangle> wastrel, libertine. - wa mali (fedha). one Mucuna pruriens cube. _a _. square, mpondo (mi-) see pondo. or Canavalia ensifnrn,.;?). rectaneular. perpen- who squanders property — (money). wa ma- dicular, mistariya-. perpendicular lines. neno. windbag, chatterbox, one who talks mpurukushani 2. adj. right mponyeshaji, mponyi (wa-) 1. one who cures, (wa-) ]. careless/negligent/ (of an angle), pembe -. illogically. Cf. potea, potevu. slipshod person. right angle, pembetatu physician. 2. quack. Cf. pona. 2. carefree/lighthearted mraba. right- person. angled triangle. Cf. purukusha, purukushani. Cf. mirabaraba. mpotezi (wa-) see mponyi (wa-) see mponyeshaji. mpotevu.

mpurule (mi-) 2mraba*, mpurule (a shrub> Chenopodium maraba (mi-) mpoto (mi-) (act of) twisting, braiding, knitting preserves, jam, mar- sp.) mpopoo*, mpopo LPers.j (mi-) mpopoo malade. _ wa tangawizi. Cf. pota. candied ginger, njugu (kind of palm, Areca catechu). Cf. popoo. za -. peanut brittle. mpururo (mi-) 1. (act of) rubbing/ mpotoe, mpotwe, mpotovu, mpotofu (wa-) stub- s trip ping off, shelling (peas, beans, rnrabaha* (mi-) etc.). 2. hist , trading ^mpopoo (mi-) (act of) knocking something born/capricious/unprincipled person. Cf. spin- tax fcollected ning/paying by out (thread through the the chief of a particular down (w. a stick/stone). Cf. popoa. pota. fingers). place for the 3- a single file right to trade (of people, etc.) Cf. pura. in that place). mpororo (mi-) 1. single file, Indian file. mpotofu, mpotovu, mpotwe (wa-) see mpotoe. "ipuzi (wa-) mradi* 1. silly/frivolous 1. ( mi .) {also 2. row tribal person. muradi) intention) of markings down the nose. ' 2. chatterbox, gossip. plan, decision; mpozi (wa-) one who cures/heals, physician. 3. nagger, fault- desire, ambition, goal; finder. 2 (rare) Cf. puza. whim, sasa ni mwalimu Mportugesi* L Engl. J (wa-) rare a Portu- Cf. poa. na ameti- miza-wake. Now he guese. (- Mreno.) is a teacher and has mpwa (wa-) nephew, niece (= child one's achieved his ambition. mpujufu (wa-) mean/vile/shameless person. of 2. con/, and so, sister). accordingly; since, mposa (wa-) see mposaji. Cf. pujua, pujufu. because; provided that. - amelala msimwamshe. Since he is impweke asleep do (wa-) lonely /solitary not wake him. 3. mposaji, mposa, mposi (wa-) one who pro- mpukuti (wa-) coll. money. Cf. pukuta. person adv., rare (without relatives). intentionally. poses marriage, suitor. Cf. posa. Cf. peke. mpumbavu, mpumbafu (wa-) stupid person, 2 mrajis* mpweke (ma-) see rais. mposeaji (wa-) person who acts on behalf of fool. Cf. pumbaa, pumbavu. (mi-) 1. mpweke (kind of hardwood tree). another in proposing marriage, matchmaker. 2. short, thick stick or truncheon mrama* (mi-) naut. mpunga (mi-) rice plant (Oryza sativa), (made from the pitching, rolling Cf. posa. wood of the mpweke tree). (of a ship), enda -. pitch, (grains of) rice (while the plant is still 3. fig. difficulty. roll; (fig.) take a wrong direction, go the mposi (wa-) see mposaji. standing in the field). See also mchele, wrong way. mi- mpyo Pango yetu imekwenda wali. („,{.) rubber liana (Landolphia KirHa -. Our plans have gone awry. mramba 350 351 msaali

mrihi, mriti ( m j.) mramba, mbaramba, mlamba (— ) ornith. mramba mrehani*, mrihani (mi-) bot. (sweet) basil mrihi ( kind of tree produc . mrongo (wa-) dial, ing liar, swindler. See (kind of starling). — mweupe. golden oriole. (Ocimum basilicum). good lumber for building purposes). also mwongo.

mrija (mi-) mranaa*, mranaha, 1. ) business, 1. mrija (kind of reed, mrenaha (ma-) mranaa mrejaa*, mregaa (— commission used for mrua*, murua 1. (_) politeness, courtesy, making musical (kind of tree, Datura metel & Datura fastu- commission, biashara ya — . commission instruments and as a obligingness, good behavior; respect, osa). 2. rare ~ mwegea, q.v. business. rejea, rejareja. drinking tube). 2. pipe, Cf. flute (musical deference. 2. (wa-) courteous, well-bred instrument). 3. rare pipe, tube (in gen.). person. merekani. 4. rec, elec. mranaha* (mi-) see mranaa. mrekani* L Engl. J (mi-) see tube (radio, etc.). 5. (in gen.) tube, straw (for drinking). mruba (mi-), ruba (ma-) leech.

l mreli* \ Engl. J (wa-) rare railroad worker, Irr.rac* rr.i -^ 1. wick. 2. arch. rr.il. match

railwayman. Cf. reli. mrili (mi-) mrili (kind of tree, used fuse, bunduki ya — . matchlock gun. for mak- mrugaruga, rugaruga (wa-) 1. mil. irregular ing dugout canoes). soldier, guerrilla. 2. robber, plunderer. mrembe (mi-) 1. wooden spear with a sharp Anrao* ? (mi-) mrao (cool season, harvest L. J mrima* point, 2. arch. German military helmet, (mi-) 1. coast, coastal region, lit- mrukaji (wa-) time). 1. sport jumper. 2. av., rare toral. 2. Pickelhaube (Tanganyika). continent, mainland (as opp. to flier, pilot. Cf. ruka. islands). Cf. Kimrima, mmrima. mrarua (wa-) one who tears something. mrembo 1. (wa-) person who pays much at- mruko (mi-) Cf. raru a. 1. jumping, jump. 2. flight. mrithi* tention to his dress; fashion plate, fop. (wa-) heir. Cf. rithi. Cf. ruka. = 2. (mi-) ornament, decoration ( rembo). mraruasanda (— ) ornith. nightjar (lit.: Cf. remba. mrithisha*, mrithishi (wa-) executor = fo/ a Mruma*, Mrumi (wa-) Roman. 'shroud-tearer.'). ( pvvaju.) Cf. rumi, will, estate). Cf. rithi. kirumi. mrenaha (mi-) see mranaa. mraruo (mi-) (act of) tearing, rending. mrithishi* (wa-) see mrithisha. Mrusi* (wa-) a Russian. Cf. raru a. mrengu (mi-) naut. outrigger. Cf. Kirusi, Urusi.

mriti (mi-) see mrihi. mrututi*, mrututu mrasharasha*, mrasho (mi-) sprinkling. — wa mreno* LPort. reino] (wa-) a Portuguese. [indj (_) chem. copper sulphate, mvua, mvua ya rasharasha. sprinkle, Reno. blue vitriol. Cf. mrizabu*, mlizabu (mi-) 1. channel, drain, drizzle (of rain). Cf. rasha. pipe. water 2. tap, faucet. Cf. mlizamu. mrera (mi-) mrera (embroidered ornamenta- mrututu* (_) see mrututi. tion on the collar of a kanzu). mrashi* (mi-) 1. scent-bottle, spray. mroho* (wa-) glutton, greedy person (pne who msaada* (mi-) help, aid, scent, perfume. rasha. assistance, support. 2. Cf. eats more than mreteni (mi-) bot. juniper. his share). Cf. roho. - wa fedha. financial assistance/support. - wa iktisadi. economic mrasho (mi-) see mrasharasha. aid. _ wa ki- mriba (mi-) mriba (leaf of the sweet potato mronge (mi-) mronge (horse-radish tree, fundi. technical assistance. Cf. saidia. plant, eaten as a vegetable). Moringa pterigosperma). mratabu* (mi-) mratabu (species of plum tree, msaajaji* (wa-) see Achras zapota). mridhia* (wa-) see maridhia. msaidizi. mrongo (wa-) young person of either sex who has been through mrihani* (mi-) see mrehani. the initiation rites, msaala* (_) see masahala. mregaa* (— ) see mrejaa. one who is experienced in matters of sex. Cf. msungo. msadikifu 352 msakamo msako 353 msangao

msako (mi-) hunting, trapping. msadikifu* (wa-) 1. trusting/friendly per- Cf. saka. msamba ^msago adv. see * sago. (mi-) anat. perineum. (= kilako.) son. 2. trustworthy/reliable person.

sadiki, sadikifu. msala* (mi-) 1. Isl. Cf. prayer mat. 2. (in msambalc (mi-) msambale (flowering ^msaha* (mi-) 1. crowbar. 2. spade, shovel. shrub, gen.) oval/round mat. Cf. sala. Lobelia fervens). msafa* (mi-) see safu. 2msaha* (-) see mdhaha. msala* msambia (mi-) msambia (mi-) toilet, Fv.C. enda msalani. (kind of tree with msafara* (mi-) 1. caravan. 2. journey, ex- edible fruit). go to the toilet. msahafu*, msafu (mi-) 1. book (us. the pedition. 3. crowd of people, nimekutana Koran). 2. na — watu rare page, leaf. 3. rare wa wakitoka mpirani. I met a msameha* (wa-) see msamehaji. msalaba* (mi-) hist., rel. cross, ishara Bible. Cf. sahifa. big crowd of people coming from the font, ya -. sign of the cross. Lhama cha Msa- ball game. Cf. safiri, safari. msamehaji*, msameha laba Mwekundu. Bed Cross (wa-) forgiving/indul- msahala* (mi-) med. laxative, purgative. Society. gent person. Cf. sulibi. Cf. samehe. msafihi*, msafii (wa-) impudent/insolent/ msahau*, msahaulifu, msahaulizi (wa-) for- rude/ill-bred person. Cf. safihi. msamehe* (mi-) see msalata*, msaliti (wa-) 1. traitor, slanderer; msamaha. getful/absent-minded person. Cf. sahau. one who makes a false accusation. 2. des- msafii* (wa-) see msafihi. msamilo (mi-) pot. Cf. salata. msamilo (a kind of wooden msahaulifu* (wa-) see msahau. headrest or pillow). msafiri* (wa-) traveler. Cf. safiri. msalheri* salutation Good morning, msahaulizi* (wa-) see msahau. etc. msana Cf. heri. (mi-) dial, passage, corridor. msafirishaji* (wa-): — mali. econ. exporter. = ( ukumbi.) msaidia* (wa-) see msaidizi. Cf. safiri. msalihina*, msalikhina (wa-) (also salihina, wa-) 2 1. honest/incorruptible person. msana* (wa-) metal msaidizi*, msaidia (wa-) 1. helper, assis- worker, smith. msafishaji* (wa-) 1. cleaner, charwoman 2. pious/devout person. Cf. salihi. - chuma. 2 tant. — wa hospitali. nurse's aid. 2. ac- blacksmith. Cf. sana# — choo. latrine cleaner. 2. medical complice. Cf. saidia. orderly. Cf. safi. msalikhina* (wa-) see msalihina. msanaa*, msa ni, msanii (wa-) skillful/compe- tent craftsman, msaji* (mi-) teak tree (Tectona grandis). specialist. Cf. sanaa. msafu* (mi-) see msahafu. msalimina*, msalimu (wa-) 1. pious/devout person any (of faith). 2. rare Moslem msanaka (mi-) msaka (wa-) see msakaji. msanaka (species of pine, msaga, msagi (wa-) miller. Cf. saga. = ( M wislamu). Cf. silimu. Pandanus sp.).

msakaji, msaka, msasi (wa-) driver, hunter, msagaliwa (wa-) an impotent male who acts msalimu* (wa-) see msalimina. msanapiehi, msanapiti (mi-) Cf. saka. frangipane/jas- as a servant to women, eunuch {lit. grinder mine tree (Plumeria acuminata). of sandalwood; saga, liwa). cf. msaliti* (wa-) see msalata. Msakalawa* (wa-) inhabitant of (the west msandali* ( mi .) sandalwood coast of) Madagascar. tree. Cf. sandali. msagi (wa-) see msaga. msamaha*, msamehe (mi-), masamaha pi.

1. forgiveness, pardon. (= msandarusi* ghofira.) (mi-) (gum-)copal tree. - msakamo (mi-) sticking, jamming. Cf. sa- Cf. sa ^msago (mi-) grinding [of meal, flour). 2. liberation, deliverance, salvation. ndarusi. kama. Cf. saga. Cf. samehe.

msangao (mi-) see mshangao. mshabaha 355 354

mshabaha* (mi-) similarity, resemblance. msharika* (wa-) see mshirika. msani* (wa-) see msanaa. msemi (wa-) 1 - msemaji. 2. speaker Cf. Ishabaha. (parliament), 3. spokesman. — wao. their mshaufu* (wa-) 1. shameless/ill-mannered msanii*, msanifu (wa-) 1. - msanaa. 2. fig. spokesman, yeye ni — wa chama cha kikomu- mshabiki* (wa-) enthusiast, mtu huyu — sana person. 2. frivolous/ostentatious person. one who invents and spreads lies. Cf. nisti katika baraza la kufanya sheria. He wa karata. He is an enthusiastic/inveter- Cf. shaua, shaufu. sanaa, sanifu. is the spokesman of the communist group ate cardplayer. in the legislative body. Cf. sema. mshauri* (wa-) 1. advisor, counsellor. msapata* L Port. J (mi-) msapata (kind of mshadhari* (-) see mshazari. — wa mambo ya sheria. legal advisor, dance). msemo (mi-) 1. speech, address. 2 conver- counsel. 2. pol. representative, sation. 3. dialect; (rare) language. 4. ut- deputy,

mshahara* (— , mi-) payment, remuneration; delegate- _ m. upandc v.a serikali. k

mshazari*, mshadhari 1 (— ) tape, cord, Cf. sengenya. mshale (mi-) 1. arrow. — wa sumu. poisoned string; edging, braid; hem 2. (—) twist, msasi (wa-) see msakaji. arrow. 2. fig. ray. — wa nuru. ray of sun- bend, curve, slant, mstari — . msengenyano (mi-) talebearing, backbiting; wa oblique light. sting 3. (of a bee, etc.). 4. hand, line. 3. adv. slanting, oblique; lopsided, msazo (mi-) 1. remainder, remains, remnant. dissension, quarrel, dispute. Cf. sengenya. pointer, indicator. crooked; cylindrical, fig..- mambo yake 2. fig., rare remains, corpse. Cf. "saa. siku hizi msengenyi, msengenya (wa-) gossip, tale- yanakwenda — . His affairs are mshamo (mi-) stick 1. for digging holes. not in order at present (have not gone well, msegese (mi-) msegese (kind of tree, Bau- bearer. Cf. sengenya. 2. crowbar. 3. naut. marline spike. turned out badly). 4. (wa-) fig. deformed hinia Tkonningii; the wood is used for mak- person. ing bedsteads, and a remedy for bronchitis msengenyo (mi-) rumor, gossip, slander, mshangao, msangao (mi-) {also ushangao) is prepared from the roots). calumny. Cf. sengenya. 1. astonishment, amazement. 2. confu- mshelisheli* [< Seychelles] (mi-) msheli- sion, speechlessness. Cf. shangaa. sheli (species (wa-) see ^mstiri. of breadfruit tree). mseja (wa-) 1. unmarried man, bachelor. msetiri

Cf. ^-useja. 2. a necklace of small beads. msharafu* (wa-) an honored/respected per- mseto (mi-) 1. mseto (a porridge made of mshemali* (wa-) an Arab from . Cf. useja. son. sharifu. beans cooked together with various grains, Cf.

rice), 2. a mixture, pol.: mshenga (wa-) 1. go-between, matchmaker msema (wa-) see msemaji. maize, or fig. msharasi (mi-) awl. (one who arranges a serikali ya — . a government including the marriage for someone

representatives of various tribes/parties, else). 2. messenger, agent, confidant, msemaji, msema (wa-) 1. narrator, speaker, mshari* (wa-) an unlucky seta. person, jinx (some- orator. 2. recent, pol. information officer, coalition government. Cf. one who causes misfortune or injury to other mshenzi* [Pers.] (wa-) spokesman. — wa mkutano huu. the, 1. aboriginal, people). ^hari. (a kind of bear- Cf. native (from the interior). 2. speaker at this meeting. 3. commentator. msewe (mi-) 1. msewe bush savage, bar- barian. pods are used as rattles). 3. (also mtu — ) uncouth/uncivi- 4. - msemi. Cf. sema. ing which msharifu* (mi-) see kisharifu. 2. msewe (rattles worn by dancers). lized/nondescript person. 4. inter], -we!

3. child's rattle. 4. kind of large drum. You scoundrel! Cf. shenzi. shihi 356 mshipi Mshirazi 357 mshupavu

mshihiri* (wa-) an Arab from Sheher (South mshinde (wa-) see mshindwa. Mshirazi* (wa-) a descendant of Persians mshtaka* Arabia). (mi-) complaint, accusation, charge, from Shiraz. Cf. shtaki. mshindi (wa-) see mshinda, mshindaji. mshika, mshiki (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) mshirika*, mshiriki, msharika 1. (wa-) part- mshtaki*, mstaki, mshitaki (wa-) one who holds something. — sukani. mshindikizo (mi-) 1. accompaniment. 2. es- 1. tale- ner, joint-owner. - biashara. business bearer, informer. 2. jur. plaintiff. 1. naut. helmsman. 2. driver (of an cort (for protection), guard. 3. retinue, at- partner. 2. (mi-) partnership. Cf. shiriki. Cf. shtaki. automobile). 3. pilot (of an airplane). tendants. Cf. ^shinda.

— filimbi. sport, rare referee, umpire. mshiriki* (wa-, mi-) see mshirika. mshtakiwa*, mshitakiwa (wa-) jur. accused, — duru. leader of the duru ceremony mshindilio (mi-) 1. (act of) pushing, forcing, defendant. Cf. shtaki. (drinking by turn). Cf. shika. stuffing (e.g., clothes into a suitcase). """ """ \""i-, aupcisuuous person (one 2. mil. loading (a gun, cannon). who believes in magic and ). Mshtarii* (_) astr. Jupiter. mshikaki* (mi-) see mshakiki. Cf. ^shinda. Cf. shiriki.

mshtiri*, mshitiri, (act mstiri (wa-) 1. buyer mshikano (mi-) 1. mass, accumulation, mshindio (mi-) 1. of) working the woof/ mshitaki* (wa-) see mshtaki. (usually at auction). weft into the warp in weaving. 2. woof/ 2. jur. client. group. 2. cluster, bunch (of fruit, etc. ).

Cf. shika. weft. Cf. ^shinda. mshitakiwa* (wa-) see mshtakiwa. mshtuko, mstuko (mi-) 1. sudden fright, con-

vulsion, wincing, flinching. 2. mshiki (wa-) see mshika. mshindo (mi-) 1. (sudden, loud) noise: crash, shock, mshitiri* (wa-) see mshtiri. stroke. bang, rumble, etc. — wa miguu ya farasi. 3. sprain. 4. fig., elec. (elec- trical) shock, the trample of horses. — wa ngoma. beat- Cf. shtua. mshikilizo, mshikizo (mi-) (act of) tacking/ mshokishoki (mi-) mshokishoki (kind of tree ing of a drum. 2. shouting, outcry, din. basting together (in dressmaking). bearing edible fruit, Nephelium lappaceum). mshtuo, mstuo — wa watu walio (katika mkutano) mkuta- (mi-) cause of fright/shock. Cf. shika. Cf. shokishoki. Cf. shtua. noni. noise of people in a crowd. 3. phy.

orgasm. shinda. mshikizo (mi-) see mshikilizo. Cf. mshona (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who mshubiri (mi-) see msubili. sews. - nguo. tailor, dressmaker. - mshindwa, mshinde (wa-) one who is defeated/ viatu. mshinda, mshindi. (wa-) 1. victor. 2. winner shoemaker. Cf. shona. mshuko beaten/conquered. Cf. shinda. (mi-) 1. descent, lowering, decline. (sport). Cf. ^shinda. 2. sinking. - wa jua. sunset. 3. fig., mshonaji (wa-) see mshoni. rare mshipa (mi-) anat. 1. vein, artery. 2. pulse. end, conclusion. Cf. shua. mshindaji, mshindi (wa-) 1. victor, con- — unapiga. the pulse beats. 3. nerve. queror. 2. rival, competitor. Cf. shinda. mshongo (wa-) passionate 4. muscle, sinew, tendon. 5. any illness person (usually in mshuku* (mi-) chewing tobacco. a sexual sense). Cf. shonga. mshindani, mshindanizi (wa-) 1. opponent, involving the nerves or muscles, maradhi mshulu* (mi-) see adversary, rival, prov. asiyekubali ku- ya — . neuralgia, sciatica. 6. (— wa utu- shuru. mshoni, mshonaji (wa-) mbo kutokeza) hernia, 7.: — wa maji. hy- one who sews. - wa shindwa si — . The man who is not willing nguo. tailor. - wa viatu. shoemaker. mshumaa* (mi-) to be beaten is no adversary. 2. partici- drocele. candle, washa (zima) -. Cf. shona. light (extinguish) a pant in a contest. 3. stubborn/contentious candle, kinara cha -.

mshipi (mi-) 1. band, cord, strip (of cloth). candlestick. person. Cf. shinda. mshono (mi-) 1. sewing. 2. seam, 2. belt. 3. suspenders, braces. 4. fish- suture. 3. ready-made mshupavu clothing. Cf. shona, ma- (wa-) 1. tough/hardy/courageous mshindano (mi-) see shindano. ing-line. shona. person. 2. energetic/resolute person. 3. obstinate/persevering person. Cf. - paa, shupavu. 358 msimamizi msimbo 359 msokoto

mshuru* (mi-) see shuru. msiga (mi-) msiga (kind of tree, Dobera loran- msimbo thifolia; twigs from this tree are used for (wa-), kisimbo (vi-) 1. bad reputa- msinzi, msindi, msizi (mi-) msinzi (species mshurutisho* tion/character, (mi-) pressure, force, compul- cleansing the teeth). 2. assumed of name, pseud- mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata; a red onym sion. Cf. shuruti. (to disguise a name dye of bad repute). is prepared from the bark, and the trunk msikiaji (wa-) listener, auditor. Cf. sikia. is used for boat-building). mshushio (mi-) see mshusho. msimiko (mi-) phy. erection. Cf. simama. msikilivu, msikivu (wa-) tractable/docile/ msio (mi-) msio (soft coral stone, used for mshusho, mshushio (mi-) obedient person. sikia, msimu*, musimu 1. (act of) lowering, Cf. sikilivu. (mi-) 1. northeast monsoon. massaging the skin). discharging. 2. phy. ejaculation, orgasm. 2. msimu (season of the northeast mon- Cf. shua. msikilizaji, msikizi (wa-) 1. listener, auditor. soon). 3. (in gen.) period, season (esp. * (wa-) 1. confidant, intimate friend.

'I. w. re f. to 1 attentive person. Cf. sikia. agriculture), sasa ni - wa 2. secret agent, embe. accomplice. Cf. s iri. msia, mzia (mi-) msia (kind of fish similar to Now is the mango-harvesting season.

an eel), msikilizano (mi-) 1. audibility. 2. fig. 4. rec. semester. msirisha (mi-) msirisha (a plant from which a (mutual) understanding. Cf. sikia. black dye is made, Euclea multiflora). msimulizi* (- msiba* (mi-) 1. misfortune, affliction, dis- (wa-) 1. narrator, storyteller. mdaa.)

tress; accident, disaster, calamity, msikiti*, meskiti (mi-) Isl. mosque. 2. rec. reporter, l prov. correspondent. Cf. s i- msisimko hakuna — usio mwenziwe. A misfortune sel- mulia, simulizi. (mi-) gooseflesh, tingling (from

dom comes alone. 2. poverty. 3. sadness, msikivu (wa-) see msikilivu. fright or excitement). (= kimbimbi.) grief; mourning, shikwa (patwa) na — mkuu msindi (mi-) see msinzi. Cf. simua.

(mkubvva). be overcome by great sorrow, msikizi (wa-) see msikilizaji. msitamu*, pa mkono wa— . condole with someone, ex- msindikizo (mi-) (act of) accompanying/ mstamu (mi-) naut. keelson. press msikundazi (mi-) msikundazi (kind speeding a sympathy, nguo za — . mourning dress. of tree; departing guest. Cf. Jshinda, 2 Cf. sibu. the wood is used for building boats). shindikizo 3. msitiri* (wa-) see Imstiri.

msikwao (wa-) + msindusi (mi-) msitu (mi-) land Imsibu* (wa-) one who causes sorrow/mis- ( < si ^kwao) 1. homeless msindusi (kind of tree). covered with low, shrubby person, wanderer, vagrant. 2. vegetation, bush. red. fortune. Cf. ^ibu. fig., pol. misitumisitu. cosmopolitan. msinga (mi-) brushwood, msinga (kind of hardwood tree). undergrowth, thicket. Cf. mwitu.

^msibu* (wa-) one who foretells, prophet. msilimu* (wa-) see mwislamu. msingefuri msiwana (wa-) < si + 4 (mi-) see mzingefuri. ( wana) childless Cf. sibu. person. Cf. mwana. msingi, msimacho (wa-) (

braid. 3. fig.: - wa tumbo. stomachache,

colic. Cf. sokota. mstahivu solo 360 mstaki 361 msukumizi

msolo (mi-) msolo (kind of thorny bush, msongano, msonge (mi-) 1. (act of) pushing/ mstaki* (wa-) see mshtaki. msul'i* (mi-) kapok tree (Bombax rhodogna- Caesalpinia cristata). Cf. solo. shoving/crowding. 2. crowd, mass (of phalon). Cf. sufi, usufi. people or things). Cf. songa. mstamu* (wa-) see msitamu.

^msoma (wa-) {always w. foil, obj.) one who msuka (wa-) msonge (mi-) see msongano. (always w. foil, obj.) one who reads. — gazeti. reader (of a newspaper). mstarehe* (— ) see mustarehe. plaits/braids. — miketa. mat-weaver. soma. Cf. — msongi (mi-) see msonga. nywele. hair-braider. Cf, -^suka, mstari* (mi-) 1. line, row. - wa kitako.

base line, 2msoma (mi-) msoraa (kind of dance). karatasi ya mistari. lined/ruled msongo (mi-) 1. (act of) twisting/squeezing/ -msuka (mi-) 1. the part of a tool which fits paper, piga -. draw a line. _a -. lined/

compressing. 2. crowd, throng, mass. into rhe handlp r 9 : e ™1.J O ...1... rr I . . . ^ spike of a (native)

3. fig. confusion, disorder. Cf. songa. hoe. lecturer. Cf. soma. mstatili* (mi-) oblong, rectangle. msongora (wa-) coll. policeman. msukani* (wa-) 1. naut. helmsman. msomeshaji, msomeshi (wa-) 1. rare - mso- 2. driver (of a vehicle). Cf. usukani. maji. 2. teacher, tutor. Cf. soma. mstiri*, msitiri, mseliri (wa-) one who hides/ msono, msonyo (mi-) msono (a whistling in- conceals/makes a secret of something. take of breath, indicating contempt or de- ^msukano (mi-) quarrel, disagreement, dis- msomeshi (wa-) see msomeshaji. Cf. sliri. rision). fyonya. Cf. sension. Cf. 2 su ka.

msomi (wa-) see msomaji. ^mstiri* (wa-) see mshtiri. msonobari* (mi-) see msunobari. Ansukano (mi-) see msukwano.

msomo (mi-) 1. (act of) reading. 2. reading mstuko* msonyo (mi-) see msono. (mi-) see mshtuko. msuki (wa-) see msusi. matter. 3. studying. 4. subject (of study). = 5. rare class, lesson ( masomo). Cf. mstuo Mspain* tEngl. J (Wa-) Spaniard. (mi-) see mshtuo. 1 soma. msuko, msukosuko (mi-) 1. (act of) braid-

ing, plaiting, twisting. 2. braid, pigtail; mstaarabu* (wa-) 1. civilized/cultivated Msuaheli* (Wa-) see Mswahili. msonde (rare msondo) (mi-) msonde (large plaited work. 3. fig. unrest, movement; person. 2. pi. intelligentsia. Cf. staa- drum). msondo. disorder, fracas, riot. 4. naut. roll- Cf. rabu. msuaki*, mswaki (mi-) 1. a twig or stick fig. % ing, tossing a ship). Isuka, 2 used to clean the teeth. 2. rec. tooth- (of Cf. su |

bili.

msonga, msongi (mi-) (always w. foil, obj.) mstahifu* (wa-) see mstahivu. msukumano (mi-) pushing, shoving; crowd, one who pushes/urges. — mbele. one who msubukuo (mi-) (act of) poking (with the finger, throng. Cf. sukuma, 2 su ka.

presses forward. Cf. songa. as a of mstahivu*, mstahifu (wa-) 1. a person who sign contempt), piga — . poke, nudge, Cf. subukua. respects/esteems others. 2. a person who msukumizi (wa-) 1. one who incites/causes

is respected/esteemed. Cf. stahi, stahivu. trouble. 2. unfair/impetuous person.

Cf. sukuma, suka. msukwano 362 Mswahili 363 mtakadamu

msukwano*, msukano (mi-) 1. shaft of a drill. msungululu (mi-) msungululu (poisonous Mswahili*, Msuaheli (wa-) a speaker of Swa- mtafuni (wa-) one who chews. 2. pouch in which a drill is kept. plant used for medicinal purposes, Stro- Cf. tafuna. hili. Cf. Swahili, Kiswahili, Uswahili. phantus eminii). mtafuno (mi-) (act of) chewing. Cf. tafuna. msuli* (wa-) hist. Arab trader from the Per- mswaki* (mi-) see msuaki. sian Gulf (who arrives in his dhow with the *msunguti (mi-) msunguti (kind of tree, mtafura*, mtafara (mi-) crupper (leather loop Northeast returns Moonsoon and with the A cokanthera longiflora). mtaa* (mi-) 1. district, quarter (of a city). passing under the horse's tail and buckled Southwest Moonsoon). kaa — mmoja. live in the same part of to the saddle).

•'msunguti, mchunguti (mi-) something town, be neighbors. 2. rare state (as an msuluhifu* (wa-) see msuluhivu. administrative strong/highly flavored (tobacco, coffee, or territorial unit). mtafutaji* (wa-) one who searches. Cf. tafuta.

etc.). C]. "-chungu ('?). msuluhisha* (wa-) see msuluhivu. mtaala* (mi-) learning, study. Cf. taali. mtago (mi-) (act of) laying (eggs). Cf. ^taga. msunobari*, msonobari (mi-) 1. (imported) msuluhishi* (wa-) see msuluhivu. pine, fir (timber). 2. rare kind of tree mtaalamu* (wa-) 1. educated person, scholar, mtaguso (mi-) dial, council, assembly, debate. (flamboyant, ironwood). scientist. 2. rec. intellectual, mwandishi — mkuu. rel. ecumenical council. msuluhivu*, msuluhifu, msuluhisha, msuluhishi -. special correspondent. Cf. taalamu, (wa-) conciliator, arbitrator, mediator, msnraki, msuruaki (mi-) wooden peg on a elimu. mtahamari* (wa-) rare drunkard. (= mlevi.) peacemaker. — wa vita, negotiator at a clog or sandal (passing between the toes peace conference. Cf. suluhu. and holding the clog on the foot). mtaawa* (wa-) see mtawa. mtahini* (wa-) one who tests, examiner. Cf. mlihani. msumari*, msomari (mi-) 1. sting(er) (of an msuraki. msuruaki (mi-) see mtabibu* (wa-) see tabibu. insect). 2. nail, peg, pin. pigilia (ng'oa) mtai (mi-) 1. scratch, abrasion, (superficial)

— . drive (pull out) a nail. 3.: — wa para- msuka, msuki (wa-) one who braids/ wound. 2. (small) incision, msusi, mtabiri* (wa-) 1. one who reports (news, piga — . to spur a boot). fujo. rare screw. 4. (of msuka mikcka. mat-weaver, scratch. twists, events). 2. commentator. 3. prophet, msusj wa nywele. (women's) hairdresser. soothsayer. 4. forecaster. — wa hewa. Msumbiji* Mozambique. Cf. *suka. mtaimbo, mtalimbo (mi-) iron bar, crowbar, weather forecaster, meteorologist. Cf. ta-

biri. lever, handspike. msumbufu (wa-) 1. annoying/importunate per- *msusu (mi-) tail feathers (of a bird). son, one who causes exasperation in others. mtajaji (wa-) mtafara* (mi-) see mtafura. pol. candidate (for election to 2. one who is exasperated/angry. Cf. su» public office). Cf. taja. 'msusn (mi-) msusu (kind of tree; the roots mbufu, sumbua. mtafaruku* (mi-) rare disagreement, differ- are used to prepare a medicine), ence of opinion, quarrel, dispute. mtajiri* (wa-) see tajiri.

msumeno (mi-) saw. piga (kata kwa) — . to

— kitanda. bow-saw, frame-saw. ^msuto (mi-) charge, accusation. Cf. ^suta. saw. wa mtaka, mtakaji (wa-) one who asks for some- mtafitafi* (wa-) gossip, talebearer. Cf. ta-

unga wa — . sawdust. Cf. kisu, jino. thing: fiti. applicant, petitioner, prov.: — yote

^msuto* (mi-) see kisutu. hukosa yote. He who asks for everything msungo (wa-) boy or girl who has not been mtafiti* (wa-) inquisitive/impertinent person. receives nothing. Cf. ^taka. through the initiation rites, a person inex- msuzo (mi-) wooden handle (by which the Cf. tafiti. perienced in matters of sex. Cf. *mrongo, upper stone of a hand-mill is turned). mtakadamu* (wa-) see kadamu. usungo. mtambuaitamb mtakaji 364 itambu 365 mtapo

mtakaji (wa-) see mtaka. Imtambaa (wa-) (usually w. foil, adjunct) mtambuu* [ind., Pers.l (mi-) betel plant mtangazi, mtangazaji (wa-) 1. one who pub- creeper, crawler. — chini. coll. snake. (Piper betel). Cf. tambuu. licly announces or proclaims something. mtakalamu* (wa-) see mutakalamu. — jongoo, kind of tree (the wood is used 2. commentator, announcer (radio).

to make hoe handles). — miti. a climbing mtambuzi, mtambua (wa-) 1. knowledgeable/ Cf. tangaa. mtakaso (mi-) 1. cleansing, purification. plant. Cf. nambaa. well-informed person. 2. interpreter, com-

2. fig. menstruation. Cf. takata. mentator. Cf. tambua, tambuzi. mtange (mi-) beam (of scales, balance).

^mtambaa (mi-) see kitambaa. pure/clean person. mtanashati* (wa-) well-dressed person, 1 mtakatifu (wa-) 1. a one mtango (mi-) cucumber plant. Cf. ^tango.

2. rel. saint, takata, takatifu. with good taste in clothing. Cf. tanashati. Cf. mtambaazi (— ) see mtambazi.

^mtango (mi-) wandering, idling, loitering, mtakawa (mi-) mtakawa (kind of tulip tree, mtanda, mtandi (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) mtambatamba (wa-) braggart, show-off. vagrancy. Cf. nanga. one who spreads. — miongo. spreader of Thespesia populned). Cf. tamba. lies, gossip, talebearer. Cf. tanda. mtangulizi (wa-) one who precedes/leads the

(wa-), talaleshi (ma-) 1. prosti- way: leader; herald, harbinger; mtalaleshi* mtambazi, mtambaazi (— ) 1. insect. forerunner, tute. 2. procurer, procuress. 3. slander- = mtande (mi-) 1. something spread out. precursor, predecessor; (rel.) John the Bap- ( mdudu). 2, (mnyama — ) reptile. 2. a strip of meat or fish laid out to dry. er, talebearer. Cf. utalaleshi. Cf. Mambaa, tambazi. tist. Cf, tangulia. 3. (weaver's) loom (= kitanda cha mfumi). mtalawanda (mi-) 1. species of tree. mtambika (wa-) see mtambikaji. Cf. tanda. mtanguo (mi-) see kitanguo.

2. (wooden) clog.

mtambikaji, mtambika (wa-) one who makes mtandi (wa-) see mtanda. mtani* (wa-) 1. member of a family/clan/

mtali (mi-) (silver) anklet. offerings/performs sacrifices. Cf. tambika. tribe. 2. relative. 3. fellow countryman,

mtandio (mi-) mtandio (kind of shawl worn compatriot, conational. 4. close friend

mtalimbo (mi-) see mtaimbo. mtambiko (mi-) act of making an offering to by women). Cf. tanda. (of one's own age-group), hawezi kukasi-

propitiate the spirits of the dead. Cf. ta- rika, kwa sababu ni — wangu. He can't be

mtando (mi-) 1. (act of) spreading. 2. ex-, angry; he is my mtani. tania, utani, Imtama (mi-) mtama (kind of millet, kafir mbika. Cf. pansion, extension. Cf. tanda. watani. corn, sorghum). — mtindi. half-grown sor- mtambo (mi-) 1. arch, (spring) trap. ghum. — mtete. sorghum which has not 2. spring, compression spring. — wa Mtanganyika (wa-) inhabitant of Tanganyika. mtapishi (mi-) med. emetic. tapika. quite ripened, prov. penye kuku wengi Cf. bunduki. lock/action of a gun. 3. mecha- usimwage — . Where there are many nism, drive. — wa saa. works of a watch/ ntangatanga, mtanga (wa-) 1. wanderer, mtapisho (mi-) mtapisho (a kind of shrub chickens one should not spill millet. clock. — wa stimu. elec. switch, commu- tourist. 2. vagabond. Cf. nanga. used in preparing an emetic). Cf. tapika.

tator, 4. machine, motor, engine, (in gen.). ^rntama (mi-) see 5 tama. — kupiga chapa. (printing-)press. — wa wa ntangawizi (mi-) ginger plant (Zingiber offi- ^mtapo (mi-) mtapo (kind of palm, Cycas reli. railw. switch, points. — wa kurushia cinale). Cf. tangawizi. mtamani* (wa-) 1. ambitious/pushy person. Thouarsii). maneno. radio transmitter. 5. factory, 2. greedy /lustful person. Cf. tamani. plant. ntangazaji (wa-) see mtangazi. 'mtapo (mi-) ore (iron, gold, silver).

mtamba (mi-) female animal which has not mtambua (wa-) see mtambuzi. yet produced young. — wa ng'ombe. heifer. mleja mtenge mtapo 366 Ueka 367

mtawala*, ruler, mteka (rare mtekaji) (wa-) (always ^mtapo (mi-) shivering, trembling (- kitapo). mtawalaji, mtawali (wa-) w. foil, ^mtemi, mtema (wa-) one who spits out/ex-

governor. — mmoja, autocrat, absolute obj.) one who takes away. — maji. water- ' Cf. Itapa. pectorates/coughs up blood. Cf. tema. monarch. Cf. tawala. carrier, one who draws water. — mateka.

marauder, plunderer. Cf. teka. mtapta* tEngl. j (wa-) coll. interpreter, '^rnterni (wa-) arch, mtemi (title of a chief in = mtawalaji* (wa-) see mtawala. translator. ( mfasiri.) Tanganyika). mtekaji (wa-) rare see mteka.

mtawali* (wa-) see mtawala. mtaro (mi-) 1. agr. terrace, terracing. mtemo (mi-) (act of) cutting (up, off), carving; mteketeo, mteketezo (mi-) 1. great fire, 2. ditch. 2 slash. Cf. t ema. mtawalia*, mtawalio adv. continuously, per- holocaust. 2. fig. destruction, devasta-

sistently; consecutively, in succession. tion. Cf. fpkptpj., mtasbihi* (mi-) mtasbih; (kind of plant, Csr.r.c ^mtemo (mi-) 1. (act of) spitting out/expec- indica; the seeds are used for Moslem rosa- torating/coughing up, 2. rare matter spit mtawanya (wa-) one who spends lavishly, mteketezo (mi-) see mteketeo. ries). Cf. tasbihi. out/coughed up, phlegm, etc. Cf. Mema. generous person. Cf. tawanya.

mtelemko, mteremko (mi-) 1. (act of) going mtashi (wa-) one who asks/begs/pleads mtenda (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who mtawanyo (mi-) 1. (act of) scattering, strew- down, descending. 2. declivity, slope, earnestly /importunately. ^taka. Cf. does something. — kazi. rare worker. ing. 2. sowing. Cf. tawanya. Cf. telemua. — dhambi. rel. sinner. Cf. tenda. mtata (mi-) 1. mtata (an ornamental plant, (wa-) spectator, observer. mtazamaji ^interna (wa-) also used to make torches). 2. a torch see Wemi. mtendaji (wa-) 1. energetic/enterprising per- Cf. tazama. (made from this plant). son. — kazi. working man, workman. ^interna (wa-) see 2m temi. 2. comm. activist. Cf. tenda. mtazamo (mi-) observation, inspection. mtatago (mi-) 1. small bridge (usually con- Cf. tazama. sisting of a tree trunk). 2. (act of) cross- mtemba (mi-) tobacco pipe. mtende (mi-) date palm. Cf. 2tentJ e- ing; walking with long strides. Cf. tataga. mteba (mi-) mteba (a climbing plant, Flagel- mtembezaji (wa-) see mtembezi. mtendo (mi-) doing, acting, performing; ac- laria guineensis). mtatio (mi-) L coiling, winding (cord, complishing. Cf. tenda.

thread). 2. fig. confusion, complication, mtembezi, mtembezaji (wa-) 1. walker, mtega (wa-) see mtegaji. obscurity. 3. fig. something confusing/ stroller, mwanamke — . coll. girl of easy J mtenga (wa-) 1. one who separates (himself puzzling/intriguing. Cf. tata. morals, prostitute. 2. tourist. — sana. mtegaji, mtega (wa-) one who sets traps/ from the community), solitary person, re- He travels a great deal. 3. idler, fig. cluse. 2. pol. separatist. (fig.) ensnares/deceives. Cf. tega. Cf. tenga. mtatizo (mi-) see tatanisho. vagrant. Cf. tembea.

mtego (mi-) 1. trap, snare. 2. fig., mil. mtenga (mi-) mtenga (carrying-pole, carried mtawa*, mtaawa (wa-) 1. religious/pious mtembo (mi-) 1. bud, shoot (for planting). on the mine, fichia — . lay mines. Cf. tega. shoulders of two men with the load person. 2. a person living in seclusion, 2. med. fistula (usually a crack in the hung in the middle). recluse, hermit. 3. girl who enters a con- sole of the foot caused by yaws). mteja, mteji (wa-) 1. one who is exorcised vent. 4. fig. stay-at-home. 5. rare 3. (rare) scar. (by a mganga). 2. assistant of the mganga mtengauo (mi-) pol. split, faction, separatism. priest, missionary. Cf. tawa. (in exorcising spirits). Cf. *tenga. • ^mteini, mtema (wa-) one who cuts, wood-

cutter, carver. Cf. *• tema. mtenge (mi-) naut. outrigger. mtengenezaji 368 mteule 369

mtengenezaji, mtengezaji (wa-) 1. arranger, mteremuko (mi-) see mtelemko. mteule (wa-) one who is chosen/picked out organizer, producer. 2. editor. 3. com- mtiivu (wa-) see mtiifu. (for some quality or skill), excellent/out- piler. Cf. tengenea. mtesa (wa-) see mtesi. standing person. Cf. teue, leule. mtikiso (mi-) (act of) shaking; concussion, mtengezaji (wa-) see mtengenezaji. mtesaji (wa-) see mtesi. shock, stroke. Cf. tikisa. mteuo (mi-) choice, selection. Cf. teua.

mtikiti (mi-) mtengo (mi-) (act of) separating, dividing off; mtesi, mtesa, mtesaji (wa-) 1. one who watermelon vine. Cf. Itikiti. mteuzi (wa-) see mteua. withdrawing, removing. — katika kazi. dis- causes trouble, quarrelsome/contentious mtima (mi-) rare, liter. (= missal, discharge (from a position/job). person. 2. persecutor, oppressor. moyo) 1. heart. mtezaji, mtezi (wa-) see mtesi. 2. feeling, emotion. Cf. Itenga, kitengo. Cf. tesa. 3. rel. soul.

mti (mi-) tree, 1. miti ya matunda. fruit- mtimbi (wa-) see chimvi. mtengwa (wa-) 1. one who is separated/set mteta (wa-) see mtetaji. trees. 2. wood. 3. (cricket) stump. apart. 2. one who is removed/dismissed. merikebu ya -. wooden mtimvi 3. one who is devoted to something (his mtetaji, mteta, mtetea, mtetezi (wa-) trouble- boat. - mkavu. (wa-) see mchimbi.

dry wood, kaa la -. work, a cause). Cf. Menga. maker, intriguer, schemer. Cf. teta. charcoal. 4. post, pole, shaft, bar. - wa simu. telegraph mtinda (wa-) see kitinda. pole. Cf. jiti, kijiti, ujili, uti. mtenzi (wa-) rare: ( — wa kazi) worker, mtete (mi-) mtete (kind of reed, Phragmites

= mtindi (mi-), tindi ( -) 1. workman, tradesman. Cf. tenda. communis). ( utete.) ma {usually - wa 9 maziwa or maziwa -mti sing. (us. maradlii/uele yaAva -) ya -) buttermilk. 2. in- = toxicating (alcoholic) mteo adv. by boiling, pika — . bring to a mtetea, mteteaji, mtetezi (wa-) 1. mtetaji. (scrofulous/gangrenous) sore, beverage (in gen.).

boil, parboil. 2. defender. 3. opponent, adversary.

4. quarrelsome/argumentative person; poli- mtia, mtiaji mtindo (mi-) (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one 1. form, pattern, model. tician. teta. who kind, (mi-) mtepe (native sailing vessel). Cf. applies/employs something. - rangi. 2. sort. 3. quality, nguo hizi ni —

painter. — dawa. one who prescribes wa zile. These clothes are of the same lazy person, idler. mtetemeko (mi-) see mtetemko. medicines. kind as those. mtepetevu (wa-) Cf. te- - jalada. bookbinder. Cf. tia. petea.

mtetemko, mtetemeko, mtetemo (mi-) trembling, mtiaji (wa-i 1. "- mtia. 2.: - moto. incen- "mtindo (mi-) rare end, conclusion. friendly quivering; vibration. — wa nchi. earth- diary, arsonist. mteremeshi, mteremezi (wa-) /cheer- Cf. tia. Cf. tindika.

ful/good-natured person. Cf. terema. quake. — wa meno. chattering of the teeth.

Cf. tetema. mtihani* (mi-) 1. test, examination. - wa mtini* (mi-) fig tree (Ficus carica). udaktari. doctoral mteremezi (wa-) see mteremeshi. examination. I'anya Cf. tini. see take mtetemo (mi-) mtetemko. an examination, pita (shindwa na) -. mteremko (mi-) see mtelemko. pass (fail) an examination. 2. fig. trial, mtipitipi, mturituri (mi-) mtipitipi (climbing mtetezi (wa-) see mtetea, mtetaji. ordeal, difficult situation, kutana na -. plant, Abrus precatorius), get into a difficult mteremo (mi-), nderemo (— ) joy, happiness; situation. Cf. mtahini. cheerfulness, contentment, comfort; light- mteua, mteuzi (wa-) 1. one who chooses/se- mtiriri (wa-) 1. sensuous/lascivious person heartedness, freedom from care; amusement. lects. 2. fastidious/fussy person, fault- mtii (wa-) see mtiifu. (male or female). 2. restless/lively/irre- terema. finder. Cf. teua, teuzi. Cf. sponsible child. 3. a person in whom one mtiifu*, mtiivu, mtii (wa-) obedient/tractable/ can have no confidence.

obsequious person. Cf. tii. mtondoo mtondoo mtiririko 370 371 mlulc

2 mtiririko (mi-) 1. flowing, trickling, mtondoo (mi-), tondoo (ma-) seeping mtofaha* (mi-) see mtofaa. thimble. mtoza (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who water). (- kastabini.) (of 2. gliding (of snakes, etc .). gathers/collects. - kodi (ushuru). tax- 3. mark, track (left by a snake, etc.) mtohara* (wa-) 1. Isl. circumcised person. collector. Cf. Ifoa. 2. Isl. ritually clean person. mtongotongo 4. traces left by flowing or trickling 3. fig. (mi-) bot. mtongotongo (euphor- water: channel, rill. Cf. tiririka. clean/neat/well-dressed person. Cf. to- bia, spurge, Euphorbia abyssinica). mtozaji, mtozi (wa-) collector (of taxes). hara. Cf. ltoa. mtishaji (wa-) one who frightens/intimidates mtongoza (wa-) see mtongozi.

others. Cf. tisha. mtoki (mi-) {also matoki pi.) med. mtu (watu) 1. human being, person, individ- 1. swollen lymph gland. 2. inflamed mtongozaji (wa-) see mtongozi. ual, _ mume (mke). man (woman). „ . i sore, tumor. C/. ' toa. mtiti (mi-) ornith. mtiti (species of owl). - mzima. grown person, adult, mimi mtongozi, mtongoza, mtongozaji (wa-) se- mtumtu tu. I am only a simple/ordinary mtokoso (mi-) 1. boiling, cooking (by boil- ducer. mtitio (mi-) (act of) sinking, tottering, shak- Cf. tongoza. person, mapato kwa mtu. per capita in- ing). 2. frying (in fat/butter). Cf. tokota. come. ing, rocking, collapsing. Cf. tita. 2. someone, somebody, hakuna -. mtopetope, mtomoko (mi-) mtopetope (cus- No one is there. 3.: pi. watu. people, mtokwe (mi-) mtokwe (kind of tree, Annona tard-apple tree, Annona squamosa). population. Imto (mi-) river, stream, bonde la — . river - wa nchi hii. the population senegalensis), of this country, bed. mkono wa — . branch, tributary (of a -a watu. adj. popular, mtoria (mi-) mtoria (species people's... river). — wa mkono. delta. — wa bahari. of rubber liana, (chiefly comm.). jamhuri ya sweet-potato leaf (used as a mtolilio (mi-) Landolphia petersiana). Cf. kitoria. watu. People's inlet, bay. — wa barafu. glacier, fuata Republic. Cf. jitu, kijitu, vegetable). utu. — . go downstream, kata — . go upstream. mtoro (wa-) 1. deserter, truant, Cf. jito, kijito. runaway; mtombo, mtomboro (mi-) ornith. cuckoo. refugee. 2. pr. n., masc. mtua, Cf. toroka, mtula, mtunguja (mi-) bot. wild egg- utoro. plant (Solanum bojeri), nightshade. ^mto (mi-) pillow, cushion. mtomo (mi-) 1. (act, method of) reinforcing

plaster with stone work. 2. paving (a mtoto (wa-) 1. offspring, descendant, child. mtubwi (mi-) yam. mtoa (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who road/street) with stone. Cf. tomea. - mwanamume (mwanamke). boy (girl). issues/dispenses, — dawa. pharmacist, - mchanga. infant, baby. - mtuchi (mi-) wa ng'ombe. med. mtuchi (a disease of the druggist. — gazeti. editor/publisher of mtomoko (mi-) see mtopetope. (small) calf, -wakuku. chick. - wa stomach). a newspaper. Cf. noa. mgomba. banana shoot/sprout. 2. de- mtomondo (mi-) mtomondo (Malay apple tree, pendent/subordinate person (irrespective mtukufu (wa-) a dignified/respected/impor- mtoaji (wa-) editor. — wa gazeti. editor of Eugenia malaccensis). {- mtofaa.) °f age). 3. subordinate/less tant important/ person, notable, dignitary, rel. a newspaper. Cf. Moa. Cf. Momondo. smaller part or adjunct of a thing. - Mungu -. the wa Most High. Cf. tukuka, tu- meza. drawer. - wa mto. rare branch, kufu. mtobwe (mi-) mtobwe (kind of shrub, Stro- mtondo (mi-) the day following the day after tributary. Cf. , kitoto, utoto. phantus courmonti). tomorrow, the third day from today, ku- mtukutu (wa-) 1. active/mischievous child, shinda — or — goo. the fourth day from mtovu (wa-) person who lacks something or 2. restless/nervous/troublesome person. mtofaa*, mtofaha (mi-) rose apple/Malay today. falls short in some respect, huyu ni - wa Cf. tukuta, tukuta. apple tree (Eugenia jambosa/malaccen- heshima. This is a person who shows too sis). Cf. tofaa. mtondoo (mi-) mtondoo (kind of tree, Calo- little 2 respect (where it is due). Cf. toa, mtula (mi-) see mtua. phyllum inophyllum). Cf. tondoo. tovu. mtungo mtule 372 mtunguja 373

mtule* (wa-) poor/destitute/miserable per- mtumishi, mtumi, (rare) mtumiki (wa-) mtunguja (mi-) see mtua. stomach). — wa mvua. noise of rain. Cf. son. Cf. tule. 1. paid domestic servant. Cf. mtumwa.

2. (in gen.) one who serves/is employed, mtungule (mi-) tomato plant. (= mnyanya.) mtulinga (mi-) anat. clavicle, collarbone, employee. — wa moto. fireman (on a loco- Cf. tungule. mtututu, mkarakala (mi-) mtututu (kind of tree, scapula. motive). 3.: — wa serikali. civil servant. Bridelia zanzibarensis ). Cf. tuma. mtunguo (mi-) ready-made article of clothing. mtulivu (wa-) quiet/reserved person. Cf. * tunga. mtwa (wa-) dwarf, pigmy. Cf. Mua, tulivu. mtumo (mi-) use, employment, utilization,

application. Cf, tuma. mtunza (wa-) protector, keeper; curator (in a mtwaa, mtwaaji. (wa-) one who carries off/takes mtumainifu* (wa-) one who inspires confi- muxriim I etc. hazir.s/fcdha. trcas -r~- x away. Cf. twaa. dence, dependable/reliable person. Cf. mtumwa (wa-) 1. slave. — mwanamke. fe- Cf. tunza.

tumaini, tumainifu. male slave. 2. pr. n. masc. Cf. tuma. mtwaaji (wa-) see mtwaa.

mtupa (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who mtumba (mi-) 1. bale, bundle, bolt (of cloth). mtumwaji (wa-) 1. rare messenger, envoy. throws/hurls something. — mkuki. spear- mtwana (wa-) 1. hist, (young) slave. 2» rogue, 2. burden, load (for one man). — nguo. a 2. someone in another person's employ, thrower. Cf. *tupa. rascal. 3. uncouth/unmannerly person. load of cloth. Cf. Itumba. agent. Cf. tuma. Cf. twana, kitwana.

mtupa (mi-) mtupa (a general designation for mtumbako* tlnd.j (mi-) tobacco plant. mtundu* LPers.J (wa-) 1. sly/crafty person. various poisonous plants). 2 Cf. utupa. mtwana (mi-) naut. a pole strengthening Cf. tumbaku. 2. spoiled/pampered/precocious child. the mast (in native Cf. 2tundu. vessels). mtupio (mi-) (act of) throwing down/away. mtumbuizi (wa-) one who sings/hums under vazi la — . worn-out clothing. nupa. Cf. mtwango (mi-) (act, manner, his breath (to calm his nerves or to soothe mtunduizi (wa-) secret agent; spy; (mil.) etc, of) crushing, scout. grinding, pulverizing (with mortar and a child). Cf. tumbuika. Cf. tunduia, tunduizi. mtupo(mi-) 1. (act of) throwing/hurling. 2. pestle). Cf. twanga. distance a thing can be thrown, throwing mtumbuu (mi-) mtumbuu (kind of small sea mtunga, mtungaji (wa-) 1. one who arranges/ distance. Cf. tupa. mtwanzi (wa-) one fish, sprat). constructs/compiles/designs. — mashairi. who pounds/pulverizes poet. — kitabu. author. — nyimbo. com- (grain). Cf. twanga. mturituri (mi-) see mtipitipi. mtumbwi (mi-) log canoe (dugout, without poser (of music). 2. designer, inventor. *tunga. mtweto (mi-) panting, puffing, outriggers). Cf. tumbua. Cf. gasping, diffi- Mturki* (wa-) see Mturuki. culty in breathing. Cf. tweta. mtungi (mi-) earthenware water jug/pitcher. mtume (mi-) 1. messenger, envoy. 2. cou- Mturuki*, Mturki (wa-) Turk. Cf. Kituruki, mua (miua-) rier. — wa kidiplomasi. diplomatic cou- see muwa. Uturuki. mtungo (mi-) 1. compilation, construction, rier. 3. rel. apostle (Christ.), prophet arrangement, composition. — wa habari. muaa (miuaa) see mwaa. (Isl.). Cf. tuma. mtutu (mi-) barrel a gun). (= kasiba, essay, composition, theme. 2. (act of) (of mwanzi.) arranging in a row (on a string, stick, etc.), muamuzi (wa-) see mtumi (wa-) see mtumishi. mwamua. the things so arranged.. — wa samaki. mtutumo (mi-) deep, rumbling sound. — wa a string of fish. Cf. tunga. muawana* mtumiki (wa-) see mtumishi. (— ) help, support, assistance. Cf. ngurumo (bahari). rumble/roar of thunder auni. (the sea). — wa tumbo. growling (of the .

mubalighi 374 nuhula luhunz 375 munisipali

mubalighi* (wa-) pol. speaker (in the legisla- muharamu* (— ) muharram (the fourth month of muhunzi (wa-) see mhunzi. mumu: — humu, adv. in this very place. live assembly). (- mulakalamu.) Muhammadan year).

muhuri*, mhuri (mi-, -) 1. seal, stamp, tia — mumunya, munya, munyamunya, mung'unya muda* (— ) 1. period (of time). — wa saa nne. muhariri* (wa-) journalist, correspondent, to seal/stamp, hati hii si kwela kwa saba- chew, masticate; gnaw. intr. mumunyika. be a period of four hours, kwa — (wa). in the editor. bu haina — wa serikali. This document is chewed/broken up; be eroded, crumble away course of... — wa. during. — (wa) kitambo. not valid because it does not have the offi- (plaster, etc.).

moment, homa ya — . med. intermittent muhashamu*, muheshamu (in letters) a very cial stamp. 2. visa.

fever. 2. term, set period of time, taka — formal salutation: Esteemed Sir. Cf. ^mumunya (ma-) see mumunye. {better: wakati). ask for a delay /extension. heshima, heshimu. mujibu*, muujibu 1. sing, what is proper and

Cf. mudu. fitting (morally and snrially) according to mumunye, mung'unye, mumunya (ma-) kind of muhebi*, muhibu (in letters) a salutation used tradition and custom; legal/official action. gourd, calabash, vegetable marrow. Cf. mudiri* (wa-) dial, administrative official to those whom one knows rather well but not 2. adv. in accordance with, according to. mmumunye. (in of Zanzibar). Cf. mudiria. intimately (older friends, teachers, etc.): — wa sheria. according to the law. Cf. 2 Dear... Cf. ^ebu, haba. wajibu. muna see mna. mudiria* (— ) dial, (administrative) district (Zanzibar). Cf. mudiri. ahibu* luhebi. mukafaa*, mukofu (— ) econ. extra dividend, *munda = bonus. (miunda) harpoon. ( chusa.) mudu* stretch, extend, us. reft, jimudu. muhimu* 1. (— ) an important/urgent matter.

stretch oneself, move first one limb then especi- 2. adj. important, urgent. 3. adv. mukofu* (— ) see mukafaa. ^munda (miunda) plank, board (used in house-

another (when waking up; after an illness), ally, particularly; significantly. Cf. Iiima. building). self-control; be fig. be temperate, exercise mulika shine, gleam, beam. prov. anayeku-

in moderate circumstances/fairly well-off. muhina* (— ) bleeding from the nose. mulika mchana usiku atakuunguza. Who mundu (miundu) sickle, , billhook. — appl. intr. mudika. muda. mudia. Cf. gives you light by day will burn you by na nyundo. comm. hammer and sickle.

^muhindi* (mi-) 1. maize/corn plant (Zea mays). night, appl. mulikia. cans, mulikisha. filisi. muflisi* sing., jur. bankruptcy. Cf. mungu, muungu 1. (miungu) a 2. a grain of corn. Cf. hindi, mahindi. god. 2. Mungu

mumbi (mi-) see mwumbi. sing, (also Jicho la Mungu) God. 3. (mi- adj. /adv., coll. modern, mufti*, mofti LEngl.J ungu) fate, destiny, providence. Cf. uungu, ^Muhindi* (wa-) see Mhindi. elegant, fashionable, stylish (of clothes). mume (waume) husband. Cf. ume. umungu.

vaa nguo — . wear modern/stylish clothes. muhogo*, mhogo LTupi-Port. J (mi-) (also, hogo, mumiani* LPers.J (ma-) mumiani (a gumlike mung'unya see ^mumunya. ma-) 1. manioc/cassava plant. 2. manioc muhali*, mhali, umhali (-) something very substance used as a medicine both inter- root, difficult/unobtainable/unreasonable/im- nally, e.g., against cramps, and externally mung'unye (ma-) see mumunye. impracticability, possible, impossibility, for fractures, etc.). muhtasari*, mutasari (— ) (brief) outline, ex- unobtainability, unreasonableness, anitaka mungwana (wangwana) see mwungwana. tract, pre'cis, survey, resume, conspectus; impossible of me. ku- — . He is asking the muminina*, mmunina (wa-) Isl. an orthodox table of contents. — ya mafundisho. program, baridi naona — sana. toka nje wakati wa Moslem, a true believer, Cf. ^amini. munisipaa* (— ) see munisipali. schedule (of studies). To go outside in the cold is for me abso-

lutely impossible. muhula* (— ) 1. rare period (of time). 2. inter- lumo (also — humo) adv. in(side) here. munisipali*, manisipali, munisipaa, manisipaa

mission, break, rest period. LEngl.J (— ) city government, municipal munya 376 muungano muungo 377

administration, kodi za nyumba zitalipwa musuli* LEngl.J (mi-) muscle. — . strong muungo, mwungo (mi-) 1. (act of) connecting, mviringano (mi-) something round/circular/

katika afisi ya — . House taxes are paid at muscles. joining; connection, joint. 2. something spherical. Cf. viringa, mviringo, uviringo. 2 the municipal administration offices. joined; (fig.) seam. Cf. un ga.

mutakalamu*, mtakalamu (wa-) pol. speaker (in mviringo (mi-), kiviringo (vi-) 1. circle, round- = munya see 'mumunya. the legislative assembly). ( muhalighi.) muungu (mi-) see mungu. ness; circumference. 2. sphere, globe, ball,

3. adj.: —a — . circular, round, spherical,

mutasari* (— ) see muhtasari. mpira una la — . A is munyu sing., rare salt, Cf. chumvi, cbunyu. muuya* (mi-) see mauja. umbo ball spherical. Cf. viringa, mviringano, uviringo.

mutribu* (— ) one who plays the gambusi or zeze muuzaji (wa-) see mwuzaji. muo (miuo) stick with an iron tip (for digging tarabu. mviru up stones). (q.v.). Cf. (mi-) mviru (kind of tree, A remedy for muwa, mua (miwa) sugarcane. stomach complaints is prepared from its

= roots). muombaji (wa-) see mwombaji. muufi* (wa-) rare potter. ( mfinyanzi.) Cf. muru. muweka see mweka.

muujibu* sing. see mujibu. Mvita sing. muradi* (mi-) see mradi. Mombasa (city and island). Cf. muwi (miwi) muwi (kind of mangrove, Bruguiera Mmvita, Kimvita.

muujiza* (mi-) see mwujiza. muru sing, muru (a root from which is pre- gymnorrhiza).

pared a medicine for stomach disorders). mvivu (wa-) lazy person, idler, loafer. Cf. muumba, mwumba, mwumbaji (wa-) 1. originator, vivu, uvivu. Cf. mviru. muyombo (mi-) see myombo. = founder. 2. rel. Creator ( God; us. — yote

= Creator of All Things). Cf. umba. mviziaji (wa-): murua*, muruwa 1. (wa-, mi-) mrua. 2. muziki*, musiki \_Engl. J sing, music. — faida. fin. speculator. Cf. via. adj. polite, gracious, amiable; elegant, muumbuzi (wa-) one who destroys/annihilates. pretty. mvao, mviko (mi-) manner of dress; style,

Cf. umba. fashion. Cf. vaa. mvo (mi-) see mfo. mushkeli* (— ) uncertainty, obscurity; diffi- mwumishi, mwumizi (wa-) umeniletea muumishi, mwumikaji, mvongonya, mvungunya (mi-) mvongonya culty, problem, ugonjwa huu ^mvi (— ) (also nywele za — ) gray hair, one skilled in medicine (esp. one who cups/ (sausage tree, Datura metel). is trouble. — . This complaint giving me mwenye — . gray-haired person. bleeds people). Cf. umika. Cf. shaka, shuku.

mvua (— ) rain. - inanyesha. It is raining. ^mvi (mi-) arch, arrow. muunda (wa-) see mwunda. musiki* (— ) see muziki. — ya mawe. hail, upinde wa — . rainbow.

wakati wa — . rainy season. — kubwa mviko (mi-) 1. ~ mvao. 2. clothing, garment, musilimu* (wa-) see mwislamu. muundi (miundi) 1. (us. — wa miguu) anat. (nyingi). heavy rain, cloudburst. — ya dress. Cf. vaa. shinbone, tibia. 2. rare leg. mwaka. light rain (us. in August).

musimu* (mi-) see msimu. mvinjari* (wavinjari, wamevinjari) loafer, un- (wa-) see mwunda. ^muundi employed person. Cf. vinjari. mvua, mvuo, mvukuto (mi-) (us. pi.) bellows. mus limu* (wa-) see mwislamu. vukuta mivua. blow/work bellows. Cf.

muundo (mi-) see mwundo. mvinje (mi-) mvinje (cassowary /beefwood vukuta. mustarehe*, mstarehe (-) 1. rest, quiet, tree, Casuarina equisetifolia), repose/comfort. repose, raha — . absolute see mwungamo. muungamo (mi-) 3mvua (wa-) see mvuvi. 2. relaxation, recreation. Cf. raha, mvinyo* [.Port. J (— ) 1. spirits (in gen.). starehe. muungano (mi-) see mwungano. = 2. rare wine ( divai). /uke 378 mvuruga 379

mvuke (— ) (also uvuke, vuke) 1. steam, steam- echo, reverberation. 4. fig. rumor. Cf. mvuruga (wa-) see mvurugaji. mwadhini* (wa-) Isl. muezzin. Cf. adhini. power. 2. (intense, humid) heat. 3. vapori- vuma.

zation, evaporation. 4. moisture, dampness, mvurugaji, mvuruga (wa-) one causes who mwafaka* (mi-) 1. acceptability. 2. unanimity, humidity. 5. rec. gas. Cf. Muka. destruction Anvumo (mi-) mvumo (kind of palm, Borassus /dissension /confusion, trouble- accord. 3. agreement, bargain, pact, con- maker, agitator. Cf. vuruga. flabellifera). tract. 4. conspiracy. Cf. afiki. mvuko (mi-) ford, crossing, ferry. Cf. ^vua.

mvurugo (mi-) 1. (act of) stirring, mixing. 2. mvunaji, mvuni (wa-) reaper, harvester. Cf. Mwafrika* [Engl. J (wa-) an African. Cf. mvukuto (mi-) see ^mvua. strife, dissension. 3. confusion, disorder. vuna. Afrika. Cf. vuruga. mvulana, mvuli (wa-) unmarried young man, mvungu (mi-) 1. hollow, cavity. 2. space under mwafu* (mi-) hot. wild jasmine (Jasminum

i U_1 re \.:-.~\ i ~ ..oiui.— ^,. M'moiia, uvuiaua. mvuSunji, mvuslii (wa-) 1. ferryman. 2. run: — something. — wa meza (kitanda). space mauritianum). Cf. afu. preserver, savior. Cf. 'vua. under a table (bed), prov. mpenda cha mvule (mi-) (species of) teakwood tree (Chlo- mvunguni sharti ainame. Whoever wants to mwaga pour out, empty, spill, intr. mwagika. rophora excelsa). mvushi (wa-) see mvushaji. get something from under the bed must 1. be poured out/spilled, prov. maji yali- stoop over (i.e., good things are not easily yomwagika hayazoleki. Spilled water cannot obtained). vungu. mvuta (wa-): — lumbako. smoker. Cf. vuta. mvuli (wa-) see mvulana. Cf. be picked up (e.g., something once said

cannot be retracted). 2. fig. scatter, dis- mvuto (mi-) 1. (act of) drawing, pulling. 2. mvungunya (mi-) see mvongonya. perse, break up. baada ya mkutano watu ^mvuli (mi-) 1. - kivuli. 2. = vuli. fig. influence. 3. fig. persuasion, con- walimwagika. After the meeting the people viction. Cf. vuta. mvuni (wa-) see mvunaji. dispersed. Cf. mwagano, mwago. mvuma (wa-) see mvumi.

mvuvi, mvua (wa-) (also — samaki) fisher- (wa-) (always w. oh].) one who mvunja foil, mwagano, mwago (mi-) dismissal. Cf. mwaga. man. Cf. vua. ^mvuma (mi-) see 1 mvumo. breaks something. — mawe. stonemason.

— mapesa. money-changer. Cf. vunja. Imwago (mi-) see mwagano. = old ( kizee.) mvumanyuki (mi-) mvumanyuki (kind of shrub, mvyele (wa-) rare woman. Premna chrysoclada). mvunjaji (wa-) one who breaks something. — z mwago (mi-) (act of) pouring out, spilling. Cf. wa sheria. lawbreaker. Cf. vunja. mwa conn.: nyumbani — mchuuzi. in the mwaga. house of the shopkeeper. mvumatiti (— ) see vumatiti. mvunjiko (mi-) see mvunjo. "'mwago mvumbasi (mi-) mvumbasi (kind of plant with mwaa, muaa (miaa, miwaa, miyaa) 1. dwarf (mi-) mwago (gift given by a husband

aromatic leaves, Ocimum sp.). mvunjo (mi-) 1. (act of) breaking, destruction, palm. 2. leaf of the dwarf palm. 3. strip of to his first wife when, she agrees to his taking

demolition. 2. (also mvunjiko) break, leaf from the dwarf palm (used for plaiting a second wife). Cf. aga.

mvumi, mvuma (wa-) grumbler, faultfinder. fracture. Cf. vunja. mats).

Cf. vuma. rawapo (mi-) (act, manner, etc., of) leave- mwaandishi (wa-) see mwandishi. Imvuo (mi-) (act of) undressing. Cf. vaa. taking. Cf. aga.

'mvumo, mvuma (mi-) 1. humming, rustling, mwabudu* (wa-) rel. worshipper. — (wa) mwaguzi (wa-) 1. soothsayer, diviner. Cf. agua. rumbling. — wa mvua. the pounding of 2mvuo (mi-) 1. (act of) fishing. 2. catch, haul sanamu. idolator. Cf. abudu. 2. = mwuguzi. rain. 2. roaring, growling, bellowing (of (of fish). 3. (good) place for fishing. Cf.

various animals, usually wild). 3. fig. *vua. Mwajemi 380 mwambo mwambula 381 mwananct

Mwajemi* (wa-) a Persian. Cf. Kiajemi, ^mwaliko (mi-) cracking (noise), clapping, mwambula (mi-) hot. mwambula (a bush with He is a member of a labor union. — asiye wa Uajemi. snapping (of the fingers). Cf. ^alika. poisonous roots, Plumbago zeylanica). desturi. alternate member. Cf. uanachama. mvvaka (miaka) year, kila — , — kwa — . yearly, mwalimu* (wa-) 1. educated person, scholar, Mwamerika* [.Engl. J (wa-) an American. mwanachuo (wa-) one who learns/studies, annual. — uliopita, — (wa) jana. last year. scientist. 2. teacher, tutor. — rakuu. pro- student. — ujao, — (wa) kesho. next year. — (wa) fessor. 3. rel. Master (= Christ). 4. rare, mwamini*, mwaminifu, mwumini (wa-) 1. trust- juzi. year before last, siku ya — mpya. naut. steersman, pilot. Cf. elimu. worthy/reliable person. 2. a person in whom mwanadamu (wa-) human being. Cf. mwana, New Year's Day. mwakani. in the course of one has confidence, confidant, confidential adamu. a year, in a year's time; sooner or (fig.) agent. 3. devout/religious person, (true) ^mwalishi (wa-) one who invites (to a feast, later. believer, waamini. the faithful. Cf. "amini. mwanafunzi (wa-) pupil, apprentice, student. etc.), host* Cf. ^alika. Cf. funda. mwake poss. pron. 3rd pers. sing. see mwaminifu* (wa-) see mwamini. -ake. ^mwalisbi (wa-) one who makes a cracking/ mwanagazeti* lEngl. J (wana...) newspaper- snapping noise. Cf. ^alika. mwamizi* (wa-) one who watches a planted man.

*mwako (mi-) 1. flame, blaze. 2. blazing, field (and frightens away birds). Cf. amia. mwamali* (wa-) 1. one who has a share in some- burning. 3. heat, ardor; temperament. Cf. mwanahewa* (wa-) aviator, pilot. Cf. uanahewa. thing, sympathizer, participant. 2. accom- Tvaka. mwamu, mlamu (wa-) relative by marriage: plice, (mi-) 1. interest, sympathy, participa- brother/sister-in-law. mwanajeshi* (wana.,.) soldier, serviceman. tion. 2. activity, action. Cf. *amali. Cf. jeshi, uanajeshi. ^mwako poss. pron. 2nd pers. sing. see (wa-) mediator, peace- -ako. mwamua, mwamuzi mwamana* (wa-) one willing to trust others. maker, go-between, arbitrator, umpire. Cf. mwanamaji (wanamaji) sailor, seaman. mtu yule hana — . That person does not trust/ mwalamu* (mi-) see mialamu. have confidence in anybody else. Cf. amana, mwanamimba (wana..., waana...) 1. pregnant 1,amini. woman. 2. ailment of women (pains in the mwale (mi-) raffia palm. mwamuzi (wa-) see mwamua. uterus, chiefly in cases of premature births). mwamba (mi-), kiamba (vi-) 1. rock, crag, reef. mwamvuli (mi-) see mwavuli. mwali, mvvari (wali) 1. a boy or girl before 2. ridge-pole, roof-tree. 3. fig. steadfast/ mwanamizi (wa-) hermit crab, sea urchin. or during the initiation ceremony. 2. (also courageous person. 4. sport, coll. boxer. mwana 1. (wana, waana) child (with respect mwanamwali, pi. wanawali) a girl who mwanamji (wa-) townsman, city-dweller. to relationship: son, daughter), mwanadamu. menstruates for the first time. mwambaji, mwambi (wa-) 1. gossip, slanderer. human being. — haramu. illegitimate child. 2. nagger, faultfinder. Cf. amba. mwanamke (wanawake) woman; (pi.) female sex, — maji. seaman, sailor. — hewa. aviator, mwali* (nyali) (tongue of) flame. womenfolk. — mtembezi. coll. girl of easy pilot. — komiti. member of a committee. mwambao (mi-) rare coast, coastline, shore. morals, prostitute. Cf. ke. 2. (mamwana) lady, mistress. 3. adopted safari ya — . naut. coastal shipping. Cf. mwali, mwari (wa-) ornith. pelican. child, dependent, Cf. ''jana, kijana, am baa. man; uana, ujana. mwanamume (wanaume) lover, paramour; (pi.) male sex, menfolk. Cf. mwana, ^urne. Imwaliko (mi-) (also jaliko, ma-) 1. call, mwambi (wa-) see mwambaji. mwanaanga (wanaanga) cosmonaut. summons. 2. invitation, challenge. Cf. mwanamwali (wa-) see * mwali. 2 alika. mwambo (mi-) financial straits, siku za — . coll. (wa-) member (of an organization, the last few days of the month (before payday). mwanachama mwananchi (wananchi) inhabitant (of a country), party, etc.). yeye ni — cha wafanya kazi. Cf. wamba. citizen. Cf. uwananchi. mwanasesere 382 mwangao mwangati 383 mwaridi

mwanasesere (wa-), sesere (— ) doll (child's mwandikaji, mwandiki (wa-) 1. clerk, copyist. mwangati (mi-) (kind of) cedar tree (Juniperus meno. gap between the teeth, meno yake toy). 2. secretary. 3. writer, author. Cf. andika. pro c era). yana — . He is missing some teeth. mwanashanga sing, northwest wind. mwandiki (wa-) see mwandikaji. mwangavu (wa-) see Imwanga 2. mwanzi (mi-) 1. mwanzi (kind of bamboo). 2.

mwanzi (kind of flute made of bamboo). 3. mwanasheria* (wa-) lawyer, attorney, jurist. mwandiko (mi-) 1. writing, written matter. 2. mwangaza (mi-) 1. hole admitting light, (in gen.) tube, pipe. — wa pua. nostril. — Cf. uanasheria. manner of writing, style. — wa michoro. (small) window. 2. ray of light, brightness. wa bunduki. barrel of a gun. cursive writing. — wa chapa. printing. 3. 3. fig. clarity. 4. fig. enlightenment, cul- mwanasiasa* (wa-) politician, political figure. script, handwriting; manuscript. 4. inscrip- ture, education, pata (shikwa na) — . re- mwanzilishi, mwanzilizi, mwanzishaji (wa-) — mhamaji. political emigrant/refugee. tion, address. Cf. andika. rpivp r >>n!!' htenni?r.t/ci

mwanzishaji (wa-) see mwanzilishi. pre- mwandaliaji, mwandaji (wa-) 1. one who ^mwanga 1. (mi-) {also mwangaza) light, 1 (sets the table, mwango (mi-) mwango (kind of tree, Rauwol- pares/arranges something lightness, radiance, clarity. 2. (wa-) (also mwanzo 1. (mi-) start, beginning. 2. adv. in/ fia sp.). etc.). 2. rare cook. Cf. andaa. mwangavu, mwangazi) enlightened/culti- from the beginning. Cf. anza. vated/educated person. Cf. ^anga, angaa. mwandamano (mi-) 1. suite, entourage, retinue. ^mwango (mi-) rare see mlango. ^mwao (miao) 1. piece of wood used as a sup- 2. procession. Cf. andama. ^mwanga (mi-) mwanga (kind of rice). port/prop. 2. boards in the bottom of a dhow 'mwango (mi-) augment, of kiango. (protecting the cargo the mwandamizi (wa-) 1. one who follows/accom- from bilge). '^mwanga (mi-) mwanga (species of arrowroot, someone. 2. successor. Cf. andama. panies mwangu poss. pron. 1st pers. sing. see Tacca pinnatifida).

mwao '.. -angu. poss. pron 3rd pers. pi. see *-a mwandamo (mi-) 1. (act of) following/accom- mwangachaa (mi-) mwangachaa (kind of tree, 2. succession, heritability. 3. mvvapaji (wa-) one panying. mwangushi, mwanguzi (wa-) 1. one who who swears an oath. Cf. Cerbera Uanghas). people). andama. file, line (of Cf. destroys/ruins something. 2. one who lets apa.

something fall/drop. 3. fig. fruit-picker (by mwangalifu, mwangalizi (wa-) observant/atten- follower, companion. 2. mwapizi (wa-) mwandani (wa-) 1. occupation). — wa nazi. coconut gatherer. one who habitually curses. Cf. tive person. Cf. angaa. andama. apa. ally. Cf. Cf. angua.

mwangalizi (wa-) 1. = mwangalifu. 2. observer. arrangement. Mwarabu* (Waarabu) mwandao (mi-) preparation, mwanguzi (wa-) see mwangushi. an Arab. Cf. Arabu, proctor schools). 3. caretaker, overseer; (in ^rabuni, Kiarabu, (= andao.) Cf. andaa. Uarabu; also Manga. Cf. angaa. mwangwi (mi-) echo. mwan (wa -) see mwandazi (wa-) 1. servant (who sets the •'mwali mwangamizi (wa-) one who destroys/ruins. pastry cook. Cf. andaa. table). 2. mwani (miani) seaweed. Cf. angamia. mwaridi* (ma-) rosebush (Rosa damascena).

waridi, halwaridi. -. get nothing, be dis- Cf. mwande (mi-): la mwanya (mi-) split, crack, cleft, crevice, mwangao (mi-) mwangao (species of clove). appointed. notch, gap, small hole/aperture. — wa .

384 385 mwenge

mwarita*, mharita \_Ind. J (mi-) soapberry tree mwawazi*, mwawadhi (wa-) Almighty (- God). 2 mwele (mi-) mwele (kind of millet plant, mwendeshaji, (Sapindus saponaria). Cf. awadha. mwendeshi (wa-) driver (of any Penicillaria spicata). vehicle). Cf. mawele, ^uwele. - (wa) ndege. aviator, pilot. Cf. enda. mwasha (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who mwayo (miayo) (us. pi.) yawn, piga miayo. to mwelekeo (mi-) attitude, tendency, trend. Cf. lights/kindles/turns on (a fire, light). — yawn. elekea. mwendo, mwenendo (mi-), moto. one who lights /kindles a fire. — wenendo sing. 1. movement. 2. march. - wa siku. a day's stimu. one who turns on a light. Cf. waka. mwaza (wa-) see mwazaji. mweleko (mi-) 1. mweleko (cloth sling, for march. 3. course, route. 4. pace, kaza — carrying children on the back). 2. rifle- speed up one's pace. fig. - wa pigo. mwasherati* (wa-) immoral person, adulterer mwazaji, mwaza, mwazi (wa-) thoughtful/imagi- rhythm sling. Cf. eleka. 5. tempo, (rate of) speed. - wa meli hii ni (one who violates the Islamic code of native/creative person. Cf. waza. n-.u;,; 30 ^ yya y, ua mo ja. This ship makes marriage morals). Cf. asherati. mwelewa (wa-) intelligent/perceptive/quick- thirty miles mwazi (wa-) see mwazaji. an hour. 6. distance (from some- witted person. elea, Cf. elewa. thing). 7. elec, meteor, (rare) current. 8. mwashi (waashi) mason. Cf. ^aka. fig. behavior, conduct, mwazimo (mi-) (act of) lending/borrowing, loan. anajifunza sana mwelezaji (wa-) 1. one who explains. 2. guide lakini - wake si mzuri. He learns well, but mwashiri* (mi-) naut. mwashiri (longitudinal Cf. azima. tourists). (for Cf. elea. his conduct is bad. enda. beam supporting the mast of a native ves- Cf.

sel). mwega (mi-) see mwegamo. mwelezo (mi-) 1. explanation; directions, in- mwene (wa-) rare see mwenye. structions. 2. mark, sign. 3. index (of a mwasi*, maasum (wa-) disobedient/intractable mwegamo 1. (mi-) (also mwega) support, prop, book). 4. program. Cf. elea, elezo. mwenea (wa-): - pote. rel. the Omnipresent person; rebel, insurgent. Cf. asi. post. 2. (wa-) one on whom a feeble person = ( God). Cf. enea. leans. Cf. egama. mwembe* \_lnd. J (mi-) mango tree. Cf. embe. Mwasia* {.Engl. J (wa-) an Asiatic. mwenendo (mi-) see mwegea (mi-) mwegea (sausage tree). mwendo. mwemvuli (mi-) see mwavuli. mwata (— ) mwata (kind of worm used as fish- mwenenzi (wa-) 1. passer-by. 2. traveler. Cf. ing bait). mwehu (wehu) madness, lunacy. Cf. ehuka. mwenda (wa-) one who goes/walks, passer-by. enda. — kwa miguu. pedestrian. — wazimu. mad- mwatuko (mi-) crack, fissure (in the ground, mweka, mwekaji (we-) (always w. foil, obj.) man (or someone who acts like one who keeps/preserves. — fedha/hazina/ one). Cf. mweneza, mwenezaji, mwenezi (wa-) one who etc.). Cf. atua. enda. distributes/bestows = mapesa. treasurer. Cf. weka. (often GodJ. _ habari.

publicity-man, public-relations man. Cf. mwavi (mi-) 1. mwavi (kind of tree with = mwendeleo (ma-) (forward) movement, advance- enea. poisonous bark). 2. arch, a trial by ordeal mwekaji (we-) 1. mweka. 2. owner, proprietor. ment, improvement, progress. Cf. enda. (the suspect drinking a poison prepared from Cf. weka. mwenezaji (wa-) see mweneza. the bark of the mwavi tree). mwendelezi (wa-) 1. one who makes things mweko (mi-) (act of) keeping, preserving, putting move/progress, a progressive person. 2. mwenezi (we-) 1. = mweneza. 2. rec: katibu mwavuli, mwamvuli, mwemvuli (mi-) umbrella, aside (savings). Cf. weka. imitator. -. Cf. enda. secretary for propaganda/publicity. Cf. parasol. — wa kuchuka. parachute. Cf.

kivuli, uvuli. *mwele (waele, wawele) invalid, cripple. Cf. mwendesha (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one ueie. who makes something go. — gari. wagon mwenge (mi-) {rare kienge, vi-) 1. tuft of straw, mwawadhi* (wa-) see mwawazi. driver. — gari la moshi. etc., used for locomotive engi- starting a fire. 2. torch, fig.:

neer. — ndege. aviator, pilot. Cf. enda. — wa jua. sunlight. mwengero 386 mwiga mwigaji 387 mwinyi

mwengero (mi-) 1. mwengero mwerevu (wa-) clever/cunning/deceitful (palm wine in the person, mwigaji, mwiga, mwigishaji (wa-) (exact, care- mwina (mi-) cavity, pit. Cf. kina. fermenting stage), 2. mwengero (the portion fox, cheat. Cf. erevu. ful) imitator, mimic; actor. Cf. iga. of palm wine due the owner of a tree who mwinamishi (wa-) 1. one who forces others to allows others to tap it). mwerezi* (mi-) cedar tree (Pygeum africanum). Imwigo (mi-) 1. (act of) imitating, imitation. bend, oppressor, tyrant. 2. one who submits

to others. Cf. inama. 2. counterfeiting, forging, forgery, Cf. iga. mwenu poss. pron. 2nd pers. pi. see -enn. mwetu poss. pron. 1st pers. pi. see -etu.

mwinamo (mi-) 1. bending, stooping. 2. de- ^mwigo (wa-) ornith. mwigo (large dove). mwenye, mwenyewe, mwenyi, mwinyi (wenye) mwewe (— ) ornith. African kite. clivity, slope. Cf. inama. owner, proprietor (usually w. foil. pbj.). —

nyumba (chombo). owner of a house (ship). has mwiko (miiko) 1. (large) spoon, ladle, 2, mweza (we-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who mwinda (wa-) see mwindaji. — dcr.i. debtor. — kudhamini. ~narantor puWci uvci BumcLuiiig/ someone. — ncni. ruler (mason's) trowel. Cf. kijlKO.

bondsman. - kuhozi. monopolist. — of a country. — mwenyewe. one who is his own mwindaji, mwinda, mwinzi (wa-) hunter, Cf. activist. wazimu. madman. — juhudi. comm. master, a self-reliant/capable person. Mweza ^mwiko (miiko) 1. (act of) abstention; thing winda. yote. Almighty = God). weza. Cf. enye, mwenyeji, umwinyi. ( Cf. abstained from, taboo, — wa nyama. food

taboo, shika (vunja) — . observe (break) a mwingamo (mi-) see "mwungamo. mwenyeji (wenyeji) 1. (regular) owner, pro- mwezekaji (we-) thatcher, roofer. Cf. ezeka. taboo, 2. med. regimen, diet, — wa mganga. prietor. 2, master of a house, host. 3. doctor's orders. mwingasiafu, mbwanda (mi-) mwingasiafu (kind native (of a place), resident, inhabitant. mwezeko (mi-) (act of) thatching (a roof). Cf. of bean, Canavalia ensiformis). enye, mwenye, kienyeji. ezeka. Cf. mwiku sing, leftovers (of food, saved from the evening meal for the following morning). Mwingereza* (Waingereza) Englishman. Cf. mwenyekiti (wenyekiti) 1. chairman, president. mwezi (mi-) 1. moon. — mkubwa. full moon. Kiingereza, Uingereza. 2. member (of parliament, etc.). — mchanga (or mwandamo). new moon. — mwiii (miili) 1. body (human or animal). 2, umepatwa. eclipse of the moon. 2. month. trunk (excluding the head). 3. fig., av. fu- mwingi (wingi) see -ingi. mwenyewe (wenyewe) 1. -self, mimi — nime- — mkubwa. month of thirty days. — mpungufu. selage. Cf. kiwiliwili; also wili (?).

= days, kila — . monthly. mwona. I have seen him myself. 2. rare month of twenty-nine mwingilizi (wi-) mwingilizi (a man who marries mwenye. 3. Tec. artificial satellite, sputnik. 4. rare mwima (wa-) 1. a person who carries himself the wife of his deceased brother, in accor- menstruation. Cf. kimwezi. erect/has good posture. 2, (mi-) a party of dance with the practice of levirate). Cf. (< ezi) ) rel. possessor mwenyezi mwenye (— women who are making arrangements for a ingia. of power (= Cod). - Mungu. God Almighty. mwia (wa-) someone who lends money /gives = funeral, ( maziko.) Cf. wima. credit, creditor. Cf. Avia. mwingine (wingine) see -ingine. acquaintance, mwenzi (wenzi) 1. friend, mwimba, mwimbaji (wa-) singer, waimbaji. companion, comrade, colleague, us. tv. mwiba (miiba) 1. thorn, barb, sting, seng'enge chorus, choir. Cf. imba. mwingizaji, mwingizi (we-) one who introduces poss. suff. mwenzangu. my friend, yenye miiba. barbed wire. — wa nyuki. sting something (a custom, etc.). Cf. ingia. friend, mwenziwe. his — samaki. fishbone. 2. mwenzio. your of a bee. wa fig. mwimbaji (wa-) see mwimba. friend, 2. associate, partner (in a busi- needle, pin. 3. spur (on a boot). mwinjilisti* \_Engl. J (we-) rel. evangelist. ness). 3, accomplice. Cf. enda. mwimbishi (wa-) singing teacher; conductor, mwibaji (wa-) rare see mwizi. director (of a chorus). Cf. imba. mwinuko (mi-) 1. (act of) raising, lifting, eleva- mwere (mi-) mwere (species of wild cotton- tion. 2. prominence, hill, Cf. inua, mwiga (wa-) see mwigaji. plant). mwimo (miimo) (door-) post, (window-) frame.

Cf. wima. mwinyi (we-) see mwenye. .

mwomba mwombaji 389 mwuguzi

mwinzi (we-) rare see mwindaji. mwizi (wezi) see mwivi. mwombaji, muombaji, mwomba, mwombi (wa-) mwongozi (wa-) guide, leader. _ mwenye 1. one who asks for/requests something, madaraka. responsible leader. Cf. ongoa. mvviro (mi-) {us. — wa tembo) trunk of an ele- petitioner. ^mwoga (wa-) timid/timorous person, coward. 2. beggar. 3. rel. one who (re- phant. (~ mkono, mkonga.) 2 gularly, Cf. oga. habitually) prays. Cf. omba. mwongozo (mi-) 1. guidance, direction. 2. instruction, advice. 3. commentary. 4, mwisho. 1. (mi-) end, conclusion, siku ya — mwombelezi (wa-) 1. rare suppliant, ^mwoga (wa-) see mwogaji. petitioner. manual, textbook. Cf. ongoa. {or kiyama). last day, day of judgment. 2. 2. mourner. Cf. omba, omboleza. completion, goal. 3. result, outcome. 4. mwonjaji (wa-) taster, mwogaji, mwoga (wa-) bather. Cf. *oga. one who tastes/tries destruction, death. 5. adv. {also mwishoni, mwombezi (wa-) intercessor, advocate. Cf. food, etc. Cf. onja. mwishowe) finally, conclusively,, irrevo- omba.

_ i mwogeleaji (wa-) swimmer. Cf. k>e&. cably. b. —a — . ad], tmal. C/. "isha. mwonjo (mi-) 1. (act of) tasting/trying. 2. test, mwombi (wa-) see mwombaji. trial. 3. experience. mwogo, mogo (mi-) bathing, siku ya — . day on Cf. onja. mwishowe adv. see mwisho 5. which boys bathe for the first time after cir- mwonevu (wa-) bully; tyrant, despot. Cf. ona, cumcision. Cf, oga. mwonyeshaji (wa-) demonstrator, illustrator. Mwislamu*, Msilimu, Muslimu, Musilimu (wa-) onevu. Cf. ona. Moslem, Mohammedan. Cf. silimu, Islamu. mwogofyo (mi-) threat, intimidation Cf. oga. mwongeza (wa-) see mwongezi. mwonzi (mi-) sunbeam, ray of light. mwita (wa-) see mwitaji. mwoka (wa-) see mwokaji. mwongezi, mwongeza (wa-) 1. fluent/eloquent mwosha (wa-) see mwoshaji. mwitaji, mwita (wa-) one who calls/summons. person, good conversationalist. 2. gossip, mwokaji, mwoka (wa-) baker. Cf. oka, Cf. ita. chatterbox. Cf. ^ongea. mwoshaji, mwosha (wa-) 1. one who washes (in gen.). 2.: maiti. mwoko (mi-) baking, roasting. Cf. oka. — person who makes a busi- mwito (mi-) {also wito) 1. call, summons; ^wongo, mlongo (mi-) ness of washing 1. number, yuko katika corpses, undertaker. Cf. invitation, itikia — . reply to/accept an miongo yao. is osha. mwokosi, mwokoti (wa-) 1. {also mwokotaji) He one of them. loc. mwo- invitation. 2. slogan, watchword. 3. call- ngoni one who picks up/gathers something. 2. {us. miongoni) mwa... in the midst of..., ing, vocation; inclination, proclivity. Cf. from a number of... mwosho (mi-) (act, finder (of a lost object). Cf. okota. 2. decade (division of a manner, place of) washing. ita. month). — wa kwanza. first decade. — wa Cf. osha. = kati. second (middle) decade. mwokotaji (wa-) 1. mwokosi. 2. fig. tax- — wa mwisho. mwitu (mitu, miitu) forest, jungle, mnyama third (last) decade. mwote see collector. Cf. okota. 3. {us. -a miongo) -ote. wa — . wild animal. — mnene, gongo la — decimal, hesabu za miongo. decimal arith- dense forest, jungle. Cf. kimwitu, msitu. mwokoti (wa-) see mwokosi. methic, decimals. mwozi (wa-) one who performs the marriage

ceremony. Cf. oa. mwivi (wevi) {also mwizi, mwibaji) thief, o mwokozi (wa-) 1. one who saves/rescues, 2. mwongo, miongo (waongo, wawongo) liar, robber. iba. Cf. mwua (wa-) (also rel.). deliverer, savior, preserver. see mwuaji. Cf. deceiver. Cf. Iwongo, uwongo. •^okoa. envious/jealous person. mwivu (waivu) Cf. mwuaji, 3 mwua (wa-) murderer. Cf. ua. mwongofu (wa-) {us. w. foil, obj.) one who is wivu. (wa-) mwomba see mwombaji. directed/guided to something. - wa dini. mwuguzi, mwaguzi (wa-) medical attendant, = rel. a convert. - w a kazi. clever/skilful mwiwa (wa-) debtor. ( mdeni.) Cf. Avia. nurse, orderly. Cf. ugua. person, specialist, expert. Cf. ongoa. 390 391

mwuja* (mi-) see mauja. confession. 3. prophet, (us. - Muhammad). mwuza (wa-) see mwuzaji. mzalia (wa-) see mzaliwa. Cf. ^ungama. mwujiza*, mwujizi, muujiza (mi-) 1. something mwuzaji, mwuza, muuzaji (wa-) seller, sales- mzalianyuma (mi-) see mzaanyuma. remarkable/supernatural. 2. rel. miracle. mwungamaji (wa-) see mwungama. man, trader. Cf. uza. 3. surprise. mzalisha, mzalishi, mzalishaji (wa-) midwife. m.y. mwungamishi (wa-) 1. one who receives/elicits/ = maana yake. that is to say, i.e. Cf. zaa. mwulimwengu (wa-) see mlimwengu. forces a confession. 2. rel. confessor, Cf. See maana. ungama. mzaliwa, mzalia, mzawa (wa-) 1. a person born mwumba, mwumbaji (wa-) see muumba. Myahudi* (wa-) Jew. Cf. Kiyahudi. (in a certain place, etc.), native, inhabitant 'mwungamo, muungamo (mi-) 1. admission, (of a place). — mhplp. fJrot.k^™ L _ „„ Ha . mwumbi, mumbi (mi-) ornith. mwumbi (a large myombo, muyombo (mi-) acknowledgment, recognition (of an. obliga- myombo (kind of tree; someone born here. 2. a native/local plant. bird resembling the bittern). the bark is used for making tion, etc.). 2. rel. confession. Cf. ungama. cloth). Cf. zaa. mwumikaji (wa-) see muumishi. myugwa (mi-) bot. taro plant. Cf. mayugwa, mzama, mzamaji (wa-) ^mwungamo, mwingamo (mi-) bot. mwungamo (a drowning person. Cf. 2jimbi. tree from the bark of which a yellow dye is mwumini (wa-) see mwamini. = prepared; ^mkumbi). Cf. ^ungamo. Myunani* (wa-) (ancient) Greek, Hellene. mzamaji (wa-) Cf. 1. = raZama. 2. diver (occupation mwumishi (wa-) see muumishi. Kiyunani, Uyunani. or sport). 2 mwunganisho (mi-) see mwungano. Cf. zama.

(wa-) 1. someone who causes pain. mwumizi mzaa (wa-) 1. one who gives birth/begets, mzambarau* mwungano, mwunganisho, muungano (mi-) con- (mi-) mzambarau (species of plum 2. = uma, umika. muumishi. Cf. parent. 2. coll. mother. - bibi. great- tree. nection, union, combination, alliance, coali- Cf. zambarau. grandmother. Cf. zaa. tion. — wa nchi za Amerika. United States mwunda, muunda, muundi (wa-) (always w. foil, mzamia (wa-) one who dives of America. Cf. ^unga. for something. - builds/constructs something mzaanyuma, obj.) one who mzalianyuma (mi-) mzaanyuma lulu, pearl-diver. 2 Cf. zama, mzamaji 2. shipbuilder. (variety (us. of wood). — chombo. Cf. of spurge/euphorbia; the roots are mwungo (mi-) see muungo. used to lunda. prepare a medicine for treating mzamio, mzamo (mi-) 2 (act of) diving. Cf. zama. gonorrhea). mwungwana, mngwana, mungwana (waungwana, mwundaji, mwundi, mwunzi (wa-) carpenter. mzamishi (wa-) wangwana) 1. hist, free man (as opp. to 1. one who submerges. 2. person mzabibu* Cf. *unda. (mi-) grapevine. - mwitu. wild who 2 mtumwa, q.v.). 2. polite /cultivated/well- employs divers. Cf. zama. grapevine, shamba la mizabibu. vineyard. bred person, gentleman. Cf. kiungwana, mwundi (wa-) see mwundaji. Cf. zabibu. Kingwana, uungwana. mzamisho (mi-) employment of divers. Cf. 2 Z ama.

(mi-) 1. building, structure. mzabuni* mwundo, muundo (wa-) buyer, purchaser, bidder (at ^mwunzi (mi-) see mwundaji. mzamo (mi-) see mzamio. 2. pattern, model. 3. form, shape, kwa ku- auction). Cf. zabuni. fuata -. according to pattern. Cf. unda. mzandiki* (wa-), zandiki (ma-) li ar 2mwunzi sing., rare see uluzi, miunzi. , deceiver, mzaha* (mi-) 1. joke, jest, jina la -. nick- hypocrite. Cf. zandiki, uzandiki. (wa-) 1. one who mwungama, mwungamaji name, fanya -. joke, tease. 2. (act of) mwuo (miuo) pointed stick used for digging. admits/confesses that he has done wrong. laughing at/deriding someone, fanyizia imzao (wa-) 1. child, descendant, offspring 2. rel. penitent, one who confesses/goes to — . laugh at/deride someone. (of a human being or an animal). 2. (wazao)

progeny, issue. Cf. zaa. 392 mzingi mzingi 393

mzao (mi-) birth, delivery. zaa. mziko (mi-) burial, interment. zika. Cf. Cf. mzingi (mi-) ornith. weaverbird. mzizimizi (wa-) see mzizimi. mzawa (wa-) see mzalivva. mzikoziko (mi-) pharm. ipecac(uanha). mzingile (mi-) labyrinth, maze. _ mwambaji. mzizimo (mi-) coolness, freshness. Cf. Zizima rare puzzle. Cf. zinga. (wa-) 1. l mzazi one who gives birth/begets. 2. r izima 1. (wa-) grown-up person, adult. 2. mzo* (mi-) 1. mzo (unit of weight, 160 kg). 2. fertile woman/female animal. 3. parent, baba mzingo (wa-) healthy person. Cf. zima, uzima. (mi-) 1. circle, curve, bend. 2. circum- rare sixty. 3. large number, great amount. (mama) — . real father (mother). 4.: wazazi. ference, periphery. 3. environment, neighbor- parents. Cf. zaa. hood. 4. mil. encirclement, investment. mzoea, 2mzima (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who Cf. mzoevu (wa-) one who is familiar with/ zinga. accustomed extinguishes. — moto. fireman. Cf. zima. to something. _ wa bahari. ex- mzee (wa-) 1. old man/woman. 2. respected/ perienced seatarer. Cf. ^oea, zoevu. dignified man. 3. elder. 4.: wazee. parents. mzinifu*, mzinzi (wa-) mzimu (mi-) myth. 1. soul/spirit of a dead lecherous/immoral per- 5. ancestor. 6. liter.: — ndovu. the old ele- son, adulterer. Cf. zini, zinifu. person/ancestor. 2. place where offerings mzoevu, mzoefu (wa-) see mzoea. phant. Cf. zee. are made to the spirits of ancestors. Cf. mzinzi* (wa-) see mzinifu. kuzimu, wazimu, zimwi. mzofafa* adv.: -. enda walk on tiptoe; (fig.) mzegazega* 1. (wa-) water-carrier (who carries strut, show off. two water-tins suspended from either end of mzio (mi-) prohibition, ban, mzinduko, mzinduo (mi-) 1. sudden awakening. taboo (for medical a carrying pole). 2. (mi-) water-tin. or magical reasons). Izia. 2. formal opening, inauguration ceremony. Cf. mzoga (mi-) dead body, corpse (usually that of zindua. the Cf. victim of an accident, found outside the mzeituni* (mi-) (cultivated) olive tree. Cf. mzira (mi-) mzira (kind of fish, barracuda). home; cf. maiti/- carrion, carcass. zeituni; also mchekele. = mzinga (mi-) 1. (hollow) cylindrical object. ( sansuri.)

nyuki. beehive. 2. mil. mzomari*, {Cf. kuru.) — wa mzumari (mi-) mzomari (a kind of mzembe (wa-) 1. negligent/slovenly person. mzishi (wa-) one who attends to a grass; cannon (barrel), piga — . fire a cannon. burial (either the roots are used for making a per- 2. careless/indifferent/superficial person. a friend mizinga ya salamu. salute, mizinga ya who looks after the details of the fume). Cf. zembe, kizembe, uzembe. kupigia eropleni. antiaircraft artillery. ceremony or a professional undertaker, grave- digger, etc.). Cf. zinga. Cf. zika. mzomeo (mi-) abusive/sarcastic speech/remark, mzengwe (mi-) secret meeting/council. insult. Cf. zoma.

mzingatifu (wa-) see mzingativu. mziwanda, mzuwanda (wa-) last child (that a z mzeze (mi-) mzeze (kind of tree). Cf. zeze. woman is capable of bearing). mzonazanje (-) mzonazanje (kind of snake). mzingativu, mzingatifu (wa-) 1. someone with mzia (mi-) see msia. mziwaziwa (mi-) mziwaziwa a good memory. 2. sensible/thoughtful per- (a swamp plant, mzozo (mi-) quarrel, dispute, difference of

son. 3. person without rigid opinions, un- Cyperus flabelliformis). opinion; nagging, fault-finding. Cf. zoza. mzibo (mi-) 1. (act of) closing, stopping. 2. prejudiced/liberal-minded person. Cf. stopper, plug, bung. 3. (electric) plug. 4. zingatia. mzizi (mi-) 1. root, root-fiber. 2. mzuhali*, medicinal mzohari (wa-) someone who is habit- fig. obstruction, stoppage. 5. fig. bolt (on root. - wa fitina. coll. the ually root of the late/unpunctual, who is never on time. a door). Cf. ziba. mzingefuri*, msingefuri (mi-) kind of plant trouble.

(anatta, from which an orange dye is pre- mzuka (wa-, mi-) spirit, ghost, phantom, vision. mzigo (mi-) 1. load, burden, funga — . pack/tie pared). Cf. zingefuri. mzizimi, mzizimizi (wa-) 1. adventurer, globe- Cf. zua, l zuka. a load. — wa bidhaa. load of merchandise. up trotter. 2. swindler, confidence man. Cf. baggage. 2. sorrow, loss. 1 mizigo. fig. mzingi see msingi. zizima. mzumai* (mi-) mzumai (kind of millet). .

394 395 nafsi

^mzurnai* (mi-) flotsam and jetsam, mzungushi (wa-) someone who twists/dis- driftwood. N torts. — maneno. 1. someone who twists

words. 2. loquacious person. Cf. zungua. na 1. with, and. yeye na baba yake. he and his nadhiri* ^mzumai* (mi-) lemon grass, khuskhus grass. (-) oath, vow (often rel.J. weka -. father (lit.: with his father), = pamoja -. to- take an oath, ondoa -. keep ( mchai.) a vow. gether with. in 2. expressions equivalent to mzungusho (mi-) 1. round, circuit. 2. a forced Engl, 'have,' 'be': alikuwa na fedha. He had nadi* make 1. known, announce, proclaim. 2. turning back/return. Cf. zungua. money, fedha aliyo mzumari* (mi-) see mzomari. nayo. the money which fig. offer for public sale, auction off. appl. he had. hana budi. He has no alternative. nadia. caus. nadisha. pass, nadiwa. Cf. He must. loc. pana, kuna, mna (muna). mnada, mnadi. mzumbao sing. 1. astonishment, amazement. lzushi (wa-) see mzu2 Th, ...). 3. by 2. embarrassment, confusion, pigwa (shi- (expressing the agent w. the pass.), nadra* chakula adj. rare, scarce, uncommon, unusual. kwa) na —. be astonished/embarrassed/ kilipikwa na mke. mzuwanda (wa-) see mziwanda. The food has been cooked nonplussed. by the woman. 4. also, but, however, nafaika*, alisa- nufaika be successful, have an ad- firi kufika Tanga hakukutana na mwenziwe. vantage, prosper, win. caus. nafaisha, He took a trip to Tanga but did not mzuza (wa-) arch, one who visits a witch find his nufaisha. caus.-ass. nafaishana, nufaishana. Imzungu (mi-) 1. something remarkable/ friend. be doctor/who believes in magical powers. mutually profitable. Cf. nafuu. amazing/rare. 2. talent, ability. 3. skill, Cf. zua, -zuka. dexterity. 4. trick, feat. 5. instinct (of naam* 1. affirm, part, yes, certainly, of course, nafaka* (_) grain, cereal (in gen.). an animal). 6. mizungu ethn. instructions 2. intern part. I'm sorry? (would you mind given to girls at the age of puberty. Cf. repeating what you said, I didn't understand). nafasi* (_) 1. nzuzi, mzushi (wa-) 1. innovator, inventor, room, space, facilities. 2. spare zungu, kizungu, uzungu. reformer. 2. slanderer, talebearer. Cf. time, leisure. 3. opportunity, possibility. nabihi* understand, notice, perceive, wa na -. zua, ^zuka. remember, have an opportunity. 4. (also mus.) be fully aware of. intr. nabihika. period caus. nabi- of time, interval. Cf. nafsi, nafisi, 'Mzungu (wa-) 1. a European. 2. cards: — wa hisha. Cf. tanabahi. tanafusi.

mbili. queen. — wa tatu. jack, knave. — wa mzuzu (wa-) 1. someone who is dejected/ nabii* (ma-) nne. king, zungu, Kizungu, ^Uzungu. rel. prophet. nafasika*, nafasisha Cf. shocked/dismayed. 2. simpleton, green- see nafisi*.

horn. Cf. zuzu, zuzua. nadhari* (-) 1. (power of) judgment, nafidhi* discretion, 1. preserve, protect. 2. help, rescue. izunguko (mi-), kizunguko (vi-) 1. circular good sense. 2. perspicacity, penetration,

njia ya — discernment. 3. decision, nafisi* movement. 2. turn, bend, choice, wa na (us. caus. nafisisha, nafasisha) support, mzuzu (mi-) mzuzu (kind of tree, the roots whirlpool, vor- (hana) -. He has the (no) choice. maintain, roundabout way, detour. 3. 4. look, provide for (with money), help out. are used for preparing a medicine). gaze, glance. tex, eddy. 4. surroundings, environment. Cf. tanadhari. intr. nafisika, nafasika. be well off/in easy 5. astr. course, orbit (of a planet). 6. fig. circumstances, refl.-caus. jinafisisha. make nadhifisha* clean up, put in good order, oneself comfortable, outline, contour. Cf. zungua. arrange. take it easy. Cf. nafasi. ''mzuzu (mi-) mzuzu (kind of banana which Cf. nadhifu.

is cooked when unripe). nafsi* (_) 1. breath, vital essence, soul. 2. nzungumzaji (wa-) amusing person, good nadhifu* adj. clean, neat, orderly, well kept. self, individuality, personality. - yangu. I conversationalist. zungumza. Cf. nadhifisha, Cf. unadhifu. myself, anajipenda -. He loves himself. Cf. nafasi. nafu 396 nambawani 397

nami < na ( mimi) and I, I too. nafuu* (— ) 1. advantage, benefit, gain, prov. nakawa* adj. 1. pure, clean. 2. fig. immaculate, nasa seize, grasp; catch, hold on to. mnyama amenaswa kuvuja pakacha — ya mchukuzi. If something faultless; good-looking. Cf. jinaki. katika mtego. The animal namna* [PersJ has (_) i. kind> sort> quality> falls out of the (heavy) basket, that is a been caught in the trap. appl. nasia. intr. kila -. of all sorts, : various, heterogeneous. benefit to the carrier. 2. increase, growth, nak di*, nakudi (— ) cash, payment in cash. nasika. caus. nasisha. inv. nasua. set free, - gani? of what kind? dukani kwake increment. 3. fig., fin. profit, pata — . to kuna release (from a trap). Cf. mnaso; also nata. viatu - kwa _. In his store profit. 4. fig., med. improvement, recupera- nakili*, nakulu 1. copy. 2. translate. appZ. there are shoes of every kind. 2. pattern, model, tion, amepata — . He is improving/getting nakilia. intr. nakilika. caus. nakilisha. example. nasaba*(_) 1. lineage, descent. 2. genealogy, = 3. form, tabulation, paradigm. better. Cf. manufaa, nafaika. 3. (— ) nakala. 4. (-) translation. Cf. family tree. 3. relations, relatives, kinsfolk.' sina manukuu, nakala, kinakilo. - naye. I am not related to him. Cf. namua take out, remove, naliaii* 1. PYnlanaHnn. 9. f»YrijsP Pvasjrm, set free, extricate, nasihn. (_) ;

pretext. 3. , syntax. 4. rare mean- nakisi* 1. lessen, reduce, curtail. 2. (— ) re- nanaa* pi. mint (leaves). Cf. mnanaa. nasaha* ing. duction, cut (in pay); deficit, shortage; flaw, (-) request for forgiveness/pardon. blemish. Cf. nasihi. nanasi* [/>««.] (ma-) pineapple. nahodha* (ma-) 1. naut. captain, prov. chombo Cf. mnanasi, unanasi. cha manahodha wengi huzama. A ship with nako (

deputy, delegate, kwa niabu ya... in the nang'anika be fat/greasy/oily. in the name of. nakudi* (— ) see nakidi. ^asibu* place of, on behalf of, Cf. (-) 1. {us. bahati -) luck, chance, kwa _. by chance, unaibu. perhaps. 2. fate, destiny. nangonango kili. (-) worm (in the bowels). ikulu* see nakili 3.: bahati — . lottery.

nailoni* [.Engl. J (— ) nylon. nani? interrog. pron. nama 1. be flexible/pliable. 2. adj. flexible, who? -a _. whose? nasibu*, nasibisha trace someone's genealogy. see nauruzi. pliable, elastic, plastic, kijiti kinama. (-) Cf. nasaba. nanigwanzula (_) nanigwanzula flexible stick. Cf. kinamo. (a small lizard).

naizesheni benefiting from the effects of... nasiha* (_) 1. true/sincere nanua break/split open, friend. 2. wise/ namba*, nambari [Engl.l 1. (-) number. - open by force, intr. reliable adviser. Cf. nasihi. nanuka. be split open. dis- kwanza. first quality. — ya simu. telephone najisi* 1. (— ) (ritual) uncleanness; filth,

number, tia — . to number — tasa. math. order. 2. adj. unclean, impure, dirty, filthy; nasihi* 1. advise, give (good) advice. quantity, manamba. nanvi (< na ninyi) and you 2. beg profane. 3. v. (also caus. najisisha) prime number. 2. (ma-) (pi.), you too. (fig.) for forgiveness/pardon. Cf. nasaha, nasiha. soil, pollute, defile; (fig.) profane, desecrate; (great) crowd (of people). nao (

natija 398 ndege nd ege 399 ndizi

o natija* (— ) result. nchi, inchi (— ) 1. country. — yetu (or ya kwetu). ndege (-) si gn , om en. - njema (mbaja). a ndimi our country, our homeland. — Unimimi) (emph.) That is me! za Afrika. the good (bad) sign/omen. I'm the one! nauli* 1= hire, pay fare. 2. pay freight, caus. countries of Africa. — kubwa. the great powers.

naulisha. make arrangements for shipping, ndugu wa — moja. compatriot, fellow country- ndema(-) see dema. charter. 3. (-) freight(age) ndimi Cf. mnawili. man, fukuza katika — . deport, exile (from a pi. of ulimi.

country). 2. land, earth. — kavu. dry land (as ndere (-): uganga -. wa (kind of) powder (re- nauruzi*, nairuzi, neruzi LPers.J (—) Nauruz opp. to bahari). — sawa. level country. 3. ndimo (< ni humo) garded as a love-charm). (emph.) In there is where (Persian New Year's Day, 22 March). rare district, region. it is!

nderemo (-) see mteremo. navya caus. of nawa. ndimu* llnd.2 ndago (—) ndago (a weed, 'nut grass,' Cyperus (-) lime (fruit). mdi m „ Cf. : rotundus). — mwitu. papyrus grass. nderi (_) ornith. nderi (large bird of prey nawa wash (hands, face, feet), caus. nawisha, ndinyi < „i ninyi) similar to a condor). ( (emph.) You (pi.) are the

navya. provide with water for washing (be- ndakaka (— ) ndakaka (long thin pole used in ones! Especially you fore a meal), appl. nawia. maji ya kunawa. thatching roofs). ndevu pi. 1. beard, whiskers. 2. fig. awn, water for washing. Cf. manavva. ^dio beard (of grain). 3. (

ndama (— ) 1. calf. 2. young of some other ndewe, njewe (-) 1. anat. lobe of the ear. ndio see ndiyo. nawiri* shine, glow (of the face: have a animals. — ya mbuzi. kid. 2. hole pierced in the lobe of the ear (to healthy appearance, pleasant expression). receive an earring). ndipo (< ni hapo) (emph.) It is there/then Cf. nuru. ndani 1. (— ) inner part, inside. 2. adv. inside, (that...), aliufunga mlango - akaenda within. — ya... inside of... alifika mpaka — zake. ndezi (-) sleepiness, He first drowsiness; indolence, locked the door and then he went naye (< na yeye) and he (she, it), he (she, it) He came all the way inside, aliingia — . He laxity. his way. too. went in. 3. inwardly, secretly, anadhani —

ya moyo wake. He thought in his innermost ndezi ndiposa con/., dial, therefore, (-) ndezi (kind of rat). consequently. nazaa* 1. quarrel, dispute. appZ. nazia. heart. Cf. kindanindani, undani. appl.-ass. naziana. quarrel with each other. ndisi < ni ( sisi ) emph.). ndia (-) see njia. ( We are the ones! 2. (— ) quarrel, dispute, dissension, hostili- ndara, ndala (— ) ndara (leather sandal without

Especially us ! ty. Cf. mnazaa. decoration). ndiga (_) ndiga (kind of wild grass, Dioscorea ndivyo ni hivyo) dumetorum). ( < (emph.) It is in this/that nazi (— ) (ripe) coconut, prov. — mbovu harabu ndaro (—) boasting, bragging, sema maneno ya way (that...), kama -. If that is the way it ya nzima. A bad coconut destroys the good — . make boastful statements. is. _ hivyo. in ndigano (-) ndigano this very way. one. Cf. mnazi. (disease of cattle espe- cially prevalent ndau (— ) dipper, bailer (used for bailing out on the east coast of Africa, ndiyo, ndio ( < „i hiyo) boats). 'east-coast fever'), (emph.) That is the ncha (— ) 1. tip, point. — ya kalamu. point of Cf. ndoo. katika wilaya hiyo iko way it is! Yes! -. The east-coast a pencil. 2. end, extremity, peak. — ya fever has appeared in these districts. kaskazini (kusini). geogr. north (south) ^ndege, dege, (arch. ) nyuni (— ) 1. bird. 2. fig. ndizi (-) banana, plantain (fruit of the imgomba, pole. 3. strand (of a rope, etc.). 4. (final) {also — ulaya) airplane. — yenye kutua majini q.v.). ndilo ni hilo) result, outcome. (< (emph.) That is it! (or — yenye magalawa). seaplane. — ya jet.

jet airplane. — ya upelelezi. reconnaissance

plane. ndc 400 ndu\ ndwele 401

ndoa (— ) marriage, wedding, matrimony, fun pa ndugu (— ) 1. relative of the same generation: ndwele (-) dial. - uele. 3, name, designate; declare, makamu ame- — . conclude a marriage, vunja — . break up brother, sister, cousin. — mume. brother. mnena waziri wa ukulima. The president has a marriage. Cf. oa. — mke. sister. — mzazi. blood brother. — ndweo named the minister (— ) pride, arrogance. of agriculture, caus. nenesha, tumbo moja. child of the same mother, half neneza. appl. nenea. speak against, contradict ndoana (— ) fishhook. brother/sister. — wa kunyonya. foster neema* (-) 1. rel. (divine) favor, grace, someone, appl.-ass. neneana. speak against brother. 2. friend, fellow tribesman. 3, fig. blessing, benefaction. each other, 2. well-being, com- argue, blame/accuse each other, ndoero (— ) ornith. ndoero (kind of bird, crab- citizen, conational. 4. fig. birthmark. Cf. fort. 3. wealth, prosperity, abundance. recriminate. Cf. neno, kijineno, mnena, plover). kidugu, udugu. mnenaji, 4. generosity, aid, support. Cf. neemeka, mnenea, unenaji. neemevu, uneemevn. = ndogoro (— ) zool. ndogoro (species of ante- ndui pi., med. smallpox (a single pustule "nena (ma-) anat. groin. Cf. kinena. lope, waterbuck). udui). mgonjwa wa — . victim of smallpox. neemefu* adj. see neemevu. chanja — . vaccinate for smallpox. nenda see enda. ndole pi. of udole. neemeka* 1. be in comfortable circumstances/ nduli (— ) 1. cruel/brutal person, ruffian, thug. well-off, own property. 2. be nene generous/ adj. 1. thick, broad; fat persons or ndondi adv. with the fist(s). pigana — . fight 2. murderer. 3. rel. angel of death. (of charitable. 3. make a good profit. Cf. animals), corpulent. with the fists, box. 2. complete, full. 3. neema. fig.: sauti -. a deep voice. ndumakuwili (— ) zool. blindworm (which is Cf. nenepa, unene; also nona. ndongoa (— ) ndongoa (custom of killing an popularly believed to have a mouth at either neemevu*, neemefu adj. plentiful, abundant; animal Lgoat, oxj in front of the house of a end; cf. uma, kuwili/ in comfortable circumstances, prosperous; nenepa become fat/corpulent/unwieldy deceased person). (of per- generous, charitable. neema, sons; see Cf. neemeka. nona/ caus. nenepesha. Cf. (— ) 1. see uume. 2. male (of animals). nene. 3. ndonya (— ) ndonya (wooden disc/plug inserted strong/vigorous man. Cf. ume. nektai* [Engl.'] (-) necktie. in a woman's upper lip LMakonde, Wiha, neneza caus. of ^nena. Nyasa]). ndumiko, umiko (— ) instrument (horn) used for neli* Und. ~\ (_) tube, pipe. cupping/bleeding. Cf. umika. neno (ma-) 1. word, expression, utterance. - la ndoo (— ) 1. bucket, pail; dipper, bailer, scoop. nema rare bend (jntr.). caus. nemesha. intr. kweli. a true word. 2. pi., rare 2. bucket of a dredger, one of the recepta- nduni (— ) novelty, latest fashion/rage. language, nemeka. dance gracefully. dialect. 3. pi. discussion, cles on a conveyor belt. debate. 4. state- ment, assertion. ndururu adj., coll. thin, light, weak; small, 5. (important) matter, affair, nembo (-) tribal mark/tattoo. rembo, (matter for) undersize persons). Cf. concern. - hili limetukasirisha. ndorobo (— ) tsetse fly. (= mbung'o, chafuo.) (of urembo. This matter has annoyed us. _ s iri. secret. 6. objection, ndusi* ma-) sina -. I have no objection. ndoto (— ) 1. dream(ing). 2. rare sleep, (-, box (us. covered with rawhide; nemsi* (— ) rare good name, honorable reputa- Cf. *nena. drowsiness. Cf. "'ota. used by women for clothing, personal orna- tion. ments, etc.). Cf. mandusi. nepa bend = down, sink, dip, sag (of a tree branch, ndovu (— ) dial, elephant. ( tembo.) 1 nena 1. speak, talk, articulate. - etc.). caus. nepesha. bend down, press nduu (— ) dial. - njugu. vizuri, down.

usiseme puani. Articulate clearly, nduara (— ) nduara (a sea-fish). don't talk neruzi* (-) see nauruzi. nduvi pi. of uduvi. through the nose. 2. mention, speak of, talk about. Unayemnena na ndubi (— ) naut. outrigger. mfahamu. nesa 1. bend, sag (as a I know the person you are talking about. branch). (Cf. nepa.; 2. strike, beat. 402 n para 403 ngojo

2 ng'amua find out, learn about, discover, un- ngara (-) rare 1. skin, * {.Engl. J (— ) anat. nerve. hide, leather (= ngozi). ng'o, ng'oo inter/, expressing contempt, ravel; disclose (a secret). Cf. mang'amung'amu. 2. ngara (a leather headband worn by chiefs). derision, refusal. ng'aa, ng'ara, ng'ala shine, gleam, glitter, ng'ara see sparkle, caus. ng'aza, ng'ariza, ng'aliza. Ing'anda (— ) handful. ng'aa. ngoa (_) 1. desire, lust, timiza -. satisfy mng'arizo, mng'aro, ung'aro. Cf. mng'ariza, desire. 2. envy, jealousy. ng'arange (-) heartwood ^ng'anda, ng'andu sing., astr. Venus. (of a tree). (~ ngabu (—) chisel, gouge bobari). ng'oa tear 1. out, pull/dig up. _ mzizi. pull ngariba (ma-) professional circumciser. up a root, fig., coll. - mzizi wa fitina. re- ^ng'anda (— ) cards pip, spot. ngadu (— ) ngadu (kind of crab). move the roots of an evil. _ jino. pull a ng'ariza caus. of ng'aa. tooth. 2. raise, hoist. — tanga. naut.. **t ng'akia growl, snarl, show the teeth (dogs, etc). sail. fig. _ safari, set out on a journey. ngavu pi. of ugavu. Cf. mng'oaji. ng'ang'ama seize, grasp, catch hold of, hold ng'ala see ng'aa. fast (something moving, swinging: a branch, ngawa (-) zool. civet cat, serval. ngoe (-) augment, of kingoe. etc.). ngalawa, galawa (— ) naut. native boat with ngazi (-) ladder, steps, (flight of) outriggers. stairs, fig.; ngoeka {rare koeka) get ng'ang'anaa 1. become dry /hard (from the hold of something — ya noti. (musical) scale. (fruit, etc.) with a hook (forked effects of the sun). 2. wilt, wither. stick, etc.). ng'aliza caus. of ng'aa. Cf. kingoe, ugoe. Ngazija sing. Great Comoro Island. Cf. ng'ang'ania 1. rare beg, implore, entreat, plead Kingazija, Mngazija. (kind of white clay). ng'ofu (-) fish-roe. Ingama (— ) ngama (persistently and urgently for something one

wants). 2. vie for, contest (the possession of nge (-) see ng'ge. ngogo (-) ngogo (small fish). 2ngama (-) hold (of a vessel), bilge (= banduru). something). Cf. ng'ang'anivu.

ngedere (-) ngedere (small black monkey). ngoja wait importunate. 1. (for). 2. stay, remain behind, ng'amba (-) 1. (kind of) turtle. 2. (chuma cha ng'ang'anivu adj. persistent, Cf. stop. appl. ngojea. appl.-ass. ng'ang'ania. ngojeana. — ) tortoise-shell. ngema dial. see njema. wait for each other; wait together, caus. ngojeza. postpone, adjourn; work, mutual assistance keep someone ngambi (— ) communal Ingano (—) rare, liter, story, tale, fable. ngeu (-) 1. red ochre. 2. mark, line (made by waiting. 3. guard, be on guard, people living to- keep watch. (organized by a group of native carpenters with red ochre). 3. fig. 4. <-) rare (red., w. int. force): ngoja-ngoja gether). Cf. ^amba. bleeding ^ngano (— ) wheat. from a head wound. yaumiza tumbo. Long waiting hurts the stomach. Cf. ngojo, kingojo, mngoja, 1. either of two opposite sides. ng'ambo (-) (also gao, ma-) 1. shield. 2. house- ng'ge, nge (-) scorpion. ngao (— ) mngojezi, ungojaji. - ya huku. this side. 2. (- ya pili) other/ front, fagade. opposite side a river, etc.). 3. prep.: (of ngimbi pi. of ugimbi. ngojamaliko (-) ornith. (species of) heron, - ya... on the other side of... 4. rec. abroad. ngapi interrog. pron. how many? saa — ? What bittern.

time is it? ngiri (-) 1. warthog. 2. rare wild boar. shingo ngamia* (-) 1. camel. 2. fig., coll.: ana = ( nguruwe wa mwitu). mshipa wa -. ngojo (-) 1. stopping-place, station. 2. wait- -. has a camel neck (of a girl with a ya She swollen scrotum, scrotal Angara ) ngara (male blossom of maize). hernia. ing room. (— 3. guarding, surveillance. 4. mil. long, slim neck, regarded as a mark of patrol. ngoja. ng'si (-) cuttlefish, Cf. beauty). wino wa -. sepia. . . .

ngole 404 n gumma 405 nikwata

) string, angurumapo ngole (— twine. ^ngovi (— ) see govi. simba nani achezaye? When the support, proof, corroboration; comfort, lion roars, who dances then? Cf. ngurumo, assurance. 4. monument. Cf. kiguzo. ngoma (— ) (rare goma, ma-) 1. drum, piga — mngurumizi. Aigovi (— ) see ngozi. beat a drum. 2. dance, cheza (ingia) — ng'wafua snatch, snap at something ngurumo (of an take part in a dance. 3. music. (-), kingurumo (vi-) any loud, deep ngozi, ngovi (— ) 1. skin, hide, leather. 2. fig., animal). sound: rumbling, thundering, sport football, football game. growling, roar- (ma-) 1. cow, ox, cattle. ing, bellowing. ng'ombe (— ), gombe - ya simba. the roaring of a ingwe (-) cow. — maksai. ox, 1. row/bed of plants. 2. plot, parcel — dume. bull. — jike. hon. - ya radi. the rumbling of thunder. nguchiro (— ) mongoose. Cf. (of land). 3. the piece of land that bullock, kama — . milk a cow. ndama ya — nguruma. a man is allotted or assigned to work in a day. calf. prov. wawili hula — . Two can eat an l i \ „:jji„ »».J /„U», n«r0nn /„.,», nguruwe ox. 2. fig. stupid person. (_) 1. swine, hog, pig. _ mw itu. wild 45). 2 pig. ngwe pi. of ugwe. - jike. sow. 2. (also nyama ya -).

ngome (— ) 1. fort, fortress. 2. fortification, pork. ngumbi (— ) ngumbi (winged white ant; cf. kumbi- ngwea be escarpment. 1. exhausted/emaciated. 2. be wilted/ kumbi). nguruzi (-) plug, peg. parched.

ng'onda 1. to dry fish. 2. (-) dried fish. ngumi (ma-) fist, piga — . strike with the fist. ngwena ng'uta see ng'ota. (_) dial, crocodile. (= mamba.) mpiga — . sport boxer.

Ing'ong'a (— ) 1. war horn. 2. the sound of ni aux. v. be nguu (— ) mountaintop, peak. (serving as a copula), yeye ni such a horn. ng'ungwe (— ) 1. furrow (prepared for planting mgonjwa. He is ill. seeds). 2. a piece of land allotted to some-

nguva (— ) dugong, manatee. cultivation. hum, buzz. 2. to make a con- one for ng'ong'a 1. nia* 1. (_) aim, goal, intention, purpose, kwa temptuous noise with tongue and lips (the -. intentionally, nguvu (-) 1. strength, power, force, energy. bila -. unintentionally. ngungwi (— ) dial. see kungwi. 'raspberry'). Cf. king'ong'o. tia 2. (-) thought, idea; nguvuni. arrest, place in custody. _ ya conscience. 3. v. have in mind, intend; decide. umeme. electricity. - za atom, atomic energy. 4. v. consider, re- ng'ongo pi. of ung'ongo. ^nguo (-) 1. cloth, fabric, material. — za kitanda, za flect. Cf. ania, nuia, nuio, - kubuni. creative forces. 2. power, ability, manuwio. bedclothes, fuma — . weave cloth. 2. garment, influence, authority. 3. importance, serious- ng'ong'ona gnaw. clothing, dress, vaa (vua) — . dress (undress) niabu*, ness. 4. passion, niaba (_) see naibu. vehemence, kwa — . 1. oneself, vika — . dress/clothe someone. 3. strongly, energetically; with authority; ngongongo (— (onom.) freight train. loincloth. ) earnestly; nidhamu* (_) order, discipline, passionately, vehemently. 2. by endesha -. maintain discipline. force, under compulsion, reluctantly. ngono pi. 1. sexual intercourse. 2. bedtime, ^nguo (— ) nguo (a kind of bird regarded as a polyg. a wife's turn for sleep- nighttime. 3. bringer of misfortune). nie nie [Germ, nguyu (-) anat. ankle bone. niemand ?] no one at all. ing with her husband. Cf. gona.

shoemakers). nguri (— ) wooden hammer (used by nguzi nikaha*, mikaha, nikahi (-) nguzi (hole in the bottom of a boat to (_) hi. marriage, ng'oo see ng'o. wedding, let out water). fungisha -. solemnize a marriage,

nguru (— ) nguru (a large edible fish). perform the wedding ceremony. ng'ota, ng'uta 1. gnaw. 2. tap, rap (as a wood- nguzo (-) 1. prop, post, pillar, column, beam, pecker). 3. pound, beat (pillows, rugs). 4. nguruma rumble, thunder, growl, roar, bellow girder. nikwata (-) nikwata (a species 2. fig., hi.: - za Uislamu. the five of small lizard shake, sift. (indicating any loud, deep sound), prov. articles of which lives in houses). Muhammadan faith. 3. fig. basis, .

nili 406 njongwanjongwa 407 nong ona

) society. nili* (— ) indigo (the dye; cf. mnili). njatna (— 1. secret 2. secret meeting. njorinjori 1. (ma-) a very tall man (often w. nofoa, nyofoa, nyafua pull off, strip off 3. secret message/communication. (meat to ref. Nubians). 2. adj. tall. Cf. kingori- from bones). Cf. mnofu.

Inina (— ) liter, mother. ngori. kinjorinjori. njari* pi. of ujari. nofu (-) (piece of) lean meat. Cf. mnofu. njozi ^nina aux. v. 1st pers. sing. I have. (— ) phantom, apparition, ghost. nje adv. 1. outside. — ya... outside of..., on noga be tasty /sweet, taste sweet, appl. the surface of... — ya maji. on the surface njuga njuga (a little ninga (— ) 1= ninga (species of pigeon). 2. (-) bell, worn as an orna- nogea. of the water. 2. sport offside, Ninga (pr. n., fern.). ment and by dancers).

nokoa* iPers. J (ma-) 1. observer, spectator. njegere (—) (small variety of) pea, pigeon pea. ning'inia move back and forth, swing, sway, "jUk'u \—i peanut, iijugunyasa. (ordinary) peanut 2. sub-overseer, assistant (on a plantation). = rock. cans, ning'iniza, ning'inisha. ( karanga). njugumawe. a hard variety of 3. comm. flunky, stooge, serf. njeku (— ) undersized bull. peanut (Madagascar/Bambara peanut). Cf. mnjugunyasa, mnjugumawe. noleo nini interrog. pron. what? kwa — ? why? (more ~ (ma-) 1. something used for sharpening: njema, (dial. ) ngema 1. adj. ^ema. 2. inter]. emphatic than mboria, q.v„). ya — (hii). Why whetstone, knife-sharpener, razor strop, etc. Good! Certainly! Cf. vema. njukuti (that)? What for? una -? What's the matter pi. see uchukuti. 2. metal ring, ferrule (between the blade and

with you? — maana yake? What is the mean- handle of a knife). Cf. noa. njenje (— ) coll. money. njumu*, njumunjumu (metal) ing of that? hujambo -? How are you? (— ) inlay work,

studding. Cf. mjume, mjumu. nomi* adv. brimful. njewe (— ) see ndewe. ninyi, nyinyi abs. pron. 2nd pers. pi. you (pi.).

njumunjumu (— ) see njumu. nona become fat (of animals), appl. nonea. njia, ndia (— ) 1. way, route; road, street, path. caus. nonesha. fatten (up). Cf. nono, kinono, nipo see po. — kuu, highway. — ya reli. railway track. — njuti* \_lnd. J (-) shoe (of European style). unono; also nene, nenepa. ya kuzunguka. roundabout way, detour. — ya (ox-)yoke. nira* (-) kukata. shortcut. — panda, crossroads, loc. n.k. abbr. - na kadhalika. and so forth. nondo (— ) 1. (kind of) moth. 2. liter, dragon. njiani. on the way, en route. 2. elec: — kuu. (etc.). nisha*, nishaa (-) rare starch(-flour). (power) main. 3. fig. way, means; method. nonea kiss. ass. (- noneana. kiss each other. *wanga.) tumia — zote uwezavyo umtoe jelani. Use any nne num. four, watu wanne. four people, —a means to get him out of jail, umetumia —

— . see nisha. fourth. nonga be troublesome/importunate/disagree- nishaa* (-) gani? What kind of method are you using? able, caus. nonza. 1. = nonga. 2. bore Cf. ja. someone, exhaust someone's patience. nishani* (-) medal, badge; order, decoration. noa sharpen, whet, hone. — kisu. sharpen a Cf. nongwa. knife, — njiti (— ) 1. - kijiti. 2.: — za kibiriti. match. fig. meno. welcome, approve, appl. rare strength, exertion, energy. nishati* (-) 3. rec. spoke of a bicycle wheel. nolea. ;iwe la kunolea. whetstone, intr. nongo (-) 1. sweat, perspiration, 2. dirt on noleka. caus. nolesha. Cf. noleo, kinoo, — perspiring skin. njaa (-) 1. hunger, appetite, nina (naona) manoleo. njiwa (— ) pigeon, dove.

I am hungry. 2. food shortage, famine. — nong'ona whisper, ilikuwa katika nchi hii. There was a famine int. nong'oneza. whisper njombo (— ) njombo (kind of fish). 4oa see 2 nvoai something to someone. in this country. Cf. manong'onezo, mnong'onezi, mnong'ono, nong'onong'o, njongwanjongwa adv. softly, quietly, stealthily, Noeli* \__Fr.-Engl. ] (-) Christmas. njaanjaa (-) papyrus grass. unong'onezi. surreptitiously, on tiptoe. nong onong o nokta nuku 408 409 nusudunia

nong'onong'o (ma-) 1. whispering. 2. 2. int. concentrate one's thoughts on some- - mbili. colon. 4. fig. moment, fig. second. _ nungunungu (_) see nungu. moja. Just a rumor, gossip. Cf. nong'ona. thing (a particular desire, etc.), make a wish. moment. - tano. five seconds.

nia 2, manuwio. Cf. nunu pi. of ununu. nuku* see nongwa (— ) 1. unpleasantness, annoyance, nakili.

) aim, intention, purpose. nia trouble. 2. malice, spite. Cf. nonga. nuio* (— Cf. 1, nunua buy, purchase; bargain over, make a bid numbi nuia, manuwio. (-) 1. throwing out a net (in fishing). on. appl. nunulia. intr. nunulika. caus. nono adj. fat, plump, well-fed. nona. 2. catch /haul (of fish). Cf. nunuza. Cf. mnunuzi, ununuzi.

nujumu* (— ) see jumu. nonza caus. nonga. nuna sulk, act sullen; be discontented, of nunulia appZ. of nunua. nuka 1. eive off a bad smell, stink. 2. nauseate. BTumble. complain; he nnfn> n d!y. a~"L noo (ma-) augment, kinoo. appl. nukia. smell good/sweet, double appl.- nunia. be discontented/complain of about some- nunuza rub the gums of a child to encourage int. nukilia (caus. nukiliza). smell out, follow thing (to someone); be cross with someone. teething. a scent, sniff, snuffle, nukilia vizuri. detect/ appl.-ass. noti* [Engl. J (— ) 1. banknote, bill. 2. mus. nuniana. grumble to each other, notice a pleasant odor (of perfume, food, etc.). complain about each other, note, caus. nunisha. o nunuza caus. nunua. caus. nusa, nukiza. have something/someone Cf. mnuna, mnuno, ununaji. of nukato, nuko, mnukio, notisi* \JLngl. J (— ) 1. jur. notice, summons. traced/hunted. Cf. nurisha* 1. light up, illuminate, brighten. — ya masaa 24. 24 hours' notice. 2. hand- mnuko. nunda (-), mnunda (wa-) 1. wild animal, beast 2. reflect. nuru. of prey. 2. half-wild Cf. bill. domestic cat. 3. fig. (usually manukato) something having cruel, nukato (ma-) bloodthirsty person. 4. fig. some- (us. pleasant), scent, per- nuru* (-) 1. light, illumination, tia Novemba* {Engl. J November. or producing a smell thing very heavy, -. light up, illuminate, fume. Cf. nuka. brighten; (fig.) clear up, elucidate, nundu toa -. emit light, shine. 2. nso (— ) anat. 1. kidney. (= buki, figo.) (-) bump, lump; hump (of native cattle, brightness, radiance, uso 2. rare liver. (= ini.) nukiza caus. of nuka. etc.). nundunundu. adj. & adv. lumpy, fig..- wa -. a bright/cheerful/friendly hunchbacked. Cf. kinundu. face, 3. bright = adj. nuclear. color. Cf. nawiri, nurisha, nswi (— ) arch. fish. ( samaki.) nuklia* LEngl.J ^inara, mnara. nundunundu see nundu. or bad). — hilo nusa caus. of nuka. nta (— ) wax. — ya nyuki. beeswax. nuko (ma-) smell (either good

mbaya limetokea wapi? What is causing that nunge (— ) leper colony. l bad smell? manukato ya aina hii yana — nusra* (-) see nusura, 2 nti (— ) nti (ear-ornament). nusura. kind of perfume smells very nzuri sana. This nungu, nungunungu (-) 1. porcupine. 2. nungu nusu* nufaika* see nafaika. good. Cf. nuka. (globe fish, = bunju). 1, (-) half, _ saa. half an hour, saa u an -. hour and a half. - kipenyo. radius (of a circle), gawa nufaishana* caus. -ass. of nafaika. nuksani* (— ) see nuksi. nung'unika grumble, complain, pout. appl. - kwa (bi) -. divide in half, halve, bunduki nung'unikia. caus. nung'unisha. Cf. nung'u- ya nusu mtombo. subr bad machine nuhusi* (-) see nuksi. nuksi*, nuksani, nuhusi (— ) misfortune, niko. gun. 2, (-) part, piece, - kidogo. disappointment. a small piece, luck, failure, nusu ... nusu. partly ... partly.

in 3. adv. in small nuia* 1. think, believe, assume. 2. have nung'uniko (ma-) 1. grumbling, pouting, 2, dis- number, wamekuja — tu.

) 1. dot, point, mark. 2. punctuation Only a few people mind, intend, resolve, appl. nuilia. intr. nukta* (— satisfaction, complaint. Cf. nung'unika. came. sign (Arabic). nuika. nuiza: 1. caus. inculcate, instruct. mark. 3. diacritical mark, vowel nung'unisha caus. of nung'unika. nusudunia* (_) hemisphere. 410 nyanda nyangalika 411 nyayo

inv. nyaka. nyangalika adj. unheard-of, ^nusura*, nusra (— ) help, aid, support, pro- nyakua of nondescript, im- *nyara 1. rob, take by force, abduct; take into possible, useless; (of persons) irresponsible, tection. Cf. nusuru. captivity, imprison. 2. (-) plunder, booty, hopeless, nguo hii ni kinyangalika haivaiki. nyala* pi. of ^ala. stolen goods. This dress is so old that I cannot wear it any ^nusura*, nusra adv. almost, nearly; about, more, mtu huyu ni kinyangalika. This person 2 approximately, aliugua — afe (kufa). He was Inyalio (pi. of walio) 1. a fish-trap. 2. sticks nyara be ashamed/embarrassed/humiliated. is irresponsible/hopeless. Cf. kinyangalika, to keep the food so sick he almost died. laid inside a cooking-pot Cf. nyarafu, kinyaa, unyaa, unyarafu. mnyangalika. from burning. nusurika intr. of nusuru. nyarafu feel aversion/repugnance/disgust. nyang'amba (-) nyang'amba (a confection made appl. 2nyalio ) welt, weal. Cf. walio. nyarafia. Cf. ^nyara, unyarafu. (— of arrowroot). nn«iirn* heln. snnnort; smard. protect, defend.

saved from/spared a diffi- = nyaraka* pi. see intr. nusurika. be nyama (— ) 1. mnyama. 2. flesh, meat. — ya waraka. nyang'anya take away by force, rob, plunder; culty. Cf. ^nusura. ng'ombe (nguruwe). beef (pork). — ya ma- abduct, kidnap; annex. Cf. mnyang'anyi, tunda. flesh of a fruit. — ya nazi. meat of nyasi 1. ma- grass (in gen.). 2. pi. unyasi. unyang'anyi. of nusushilingi* [Ar.-Engl.l (-) 50-cent piece, a coconut. 3. substance, matter. Cf. mnyama.

half a shilling. nyata walk quietly /stealthily, steal/sneak nyangumi (— ) whale. nyamaa 1. be silent/still/quiet. 2. suppress along, appl. nyatia. - mnyama. stalk an nwa see nywa. expression of pain. appl. nyamalia. caus. animal. — mtu. creep up on a person, inv. nyani (— ) ape, baboon. — mkubwa. baboon. & int. nyamaza. be (quite) still, keep (per- nyatua. walk unsteadily (with short, quick nya (also inya) 1. drop, discharge. — mvua. fect) silence, imp. sing, nyamaza! pi. nya- steps, as a child first learning to walk). Inyanya 1. stretch oneself, raise oneself. 2. rain, inakunya. It is raining. 2. (coll. also mazeni! Be still! Keep quiet! Cf. nyamavu, Cf. nyatunyatu. come into prominence, put oneself forward. — mavi) defecate, urinate, appl. nyea. prov. mnyamavu, unyamavu. appl. nyanyia. try to get something by under- anayesifu mvua imemnyea. Whoever praises nyati (-) buffalo. (= mbogo.) = handed means, inv. nyanyua. 1. nyanya. rain is rained upon. Cf. nyevu, kinyeleo, *nyamafu see nyamavu. 2. raise, lift. Cf. mnyanyuko, unyanya. kinyenyevu, kinyesi, kinyo, mnyevu, mnyevu- nyatua inv. of nyata.

nyevu, mnyo, unyaji, unyesi, unyevu. 2nyamafu (— ) dead animal, carrion. Cf. nyama, ^nyanya (-) tomato. Cf. mnyanya. nyatunyatu adv. quietly, stealthily. Cf. fu. nyaa (-) rare nail (of finger or toe). (= ukucha.) nyata.

3nyanya (— grandmother. nyamavu, nyamafu adj. 1. still, quiet, silent. ) nyafua see nofoa. nyauka 1. dry up, wither. 2. be distorted (in 2. fig. reserved, taciturn. Cf. nyamaa. nyanyasa tease, bother, annoy. the process of drying), caus. nyausha. nyagonyago (-) coll. howling, wailing, yelling. jinyausha. act/talk in a misleading way, nyambua 1. tear apart/to pieces, crumble; peel give a wrong nyanyua inv. of ^nyanya. impression. Watu nchini wana off (in strips). 2. fig. find fault, rebuke, nyaka inv. nyakua) 1. snatch, grab; filch. njaa sana, bado serikali yajinyausha ati (& criticize, appl. nyambulia. intr. nyambuka. mipango ya ukulima 2. pluck, pull up (plants). nyapa, nyapanyapa stalk (game), follow imendelea. The govern- ment gives the impression stealthily, sneak up on. that agricultural nyambuo (— ) nyambuo (a small fish). nyakanga (-) nyakanga (person in charge of development is increasing; yet people are the kungwi, q.v.). still suffering from hunger. initiation rites, chief of 1 nyapanyapa see nyapa. Cf. mnyaufu, ^nyanda pi. of wanda. unyaufu.

nyakati* pi. of wakati. ^nyanda pi. of uwanda. nyapo pi. of *uapo. nyayo pi. of wayo, unyayo. nyea 412 nyenzo nyerere 413 nyoka

inyea 1. itch, tickle. 2. scratch oneself, appl. nyendo (-) activity, movement; expedient. - ya

,i »„i Umoja wa Afrika na Asia. Afro-Asian Soli- nyerere (— ) 1. nyerere (bracelet of brass/cop- nyinyi nyelea.;lea.„ caus.„„ ,„ nveza.nyeza. pass,„,.„ nvewa.nyewa.„, teel ' see ninyi. darity Movement. — ya hila. technical expe- per wire), 2. Nyerere (pr. n. fern.). itchy, be irritated; be excited sexually. Cf. dient. Cf. enda. nyinyiha 1. shine kinyevu, mnyeo, unyeo; also nyega. (as if smeared with grease). nyerereza 1. hide, conceal; deceive, cheat. 2. 2. shine up, polish. disguise, camouflage. nyenga rare interrogate, pump (a person), Aiyea appl. of nya. nyinyirika, nyiririka glide, force someone to talk, extort an admission. slide, slip. Cf.

nyesi (— ) see kinyesi. tiririka. appl. nyengea. intr. nyengeka. caus. nyega arouse desire (us. sexual), caus. -int. nyengesha. Cf. nyenya. nyengeresha. ayegesha, nyegeresha, Cf. nyeta 1. be proud/arrogant/boastful. 2. be nyiririka see nyinyirika. ^nvpfi. kinvpir#»*»

stimulation. 3. fig., rare exasperation, vexa- ^nyoa 1. pull/strip off, remove. 2. shear (sheep). nyenje, nyenze (— ) nyenje (species of cricket). tion. Cf. nyega. ^nyetea appl. of nyeta. 3. shave, cut/dress the hair. appl. nyolea.

Cf. kinyozi, unyozi. nyenya 1. interrogate, pump (with questions); nyegere (— ), kinyegere, kinyegele (vi-) nyegere o extract information from a person, make some- ^nyetea see jetea. (an animal similar to a skunk). o one admit something; ferret out. 2. talk some- 'nyoa, noa straighten, correct; draw out, stretch;

one into something, persuade, appl. nyenyea. nycvu adj. moist, damp, wet. Cf. nya. extract, intr. nyoka. be/become straight, be nyegeresha caus. -int. of nyega. double appl. nyenyelea. find out a secret. stretched out (to full length).

double appl.-caus. nyenyeleza. let someone nyewa pass, of lnyea. nyekenya 1. decompose (from natural decay or 2 in on a secret, intr. nyenyeka. be talked into nyoe (— ) see n y 0nve- applied chemical action). 2. med. become something, yield to pressure, intr.-appl. nyiga (ma-) see nyigu. necro tic/gangrenous. nyenyekea. subordinate oneself to someone, nyofoa see nofoa. be polite/obsequious to a person, show re- nyigu, nyiga (ma-) hornet, wasp. ^nyele pi- of unywele. politeness/ spect, intr.-caus. teach someone nyofu adj. 1. straight, stretched out, extended. humility; humiliate a person, pass, nyenywa. nyika (ma-) 1. uninhabited place, barren land, 2. fig. straightforward, honest. Cf. ^nyoka. pi. *uwele. 2nyele of Cf. nyenyekevu, mnyenyekeo, mnyenyekevu, wasteland. 2. open, treeless region. unyenyekevu. nyoga pi. of uyoga. nyeleo (ma-) see kinyeleo. nyima 1. refuse, withhold, tutamnyima cha-

nyenyekevu adj. modest, humble, unassuming; kula. refuse to give someone food. 2. hold nyogea (-) see nyongea. steal up on, take by surprise, catch nyemelea servile, obsequious. Cf. nyenya, mnyenye- back, repress, refl. jinyima. lazima uji-

unawares. kevu, unyenyekevu. nyime nafsi yako. You must restrain yourself ^nyoka, nyooka, nyoroka be straight straightened; somewhat. Cf. nyimivu, mnyima, mnyimo, (fig.) be frank/outspoken/honest, mstari nyemi (-) see kinyemi. nyenze (-) see nyenje. unyimivu. ulionyoka. a straight line. caus. nyosha, nyoosha, nyorosha. sly. straighten; (fig.) teach/ nyendea creep up on, stalk, follow on the nyenzo pi. of wenzo. nyiminyimi see nyimivu. bring up to be honest, refl. -caus. jinyosha. rest, take one's afternoon rest. Cf. nyofu, nyimivu, nyiminyimi adj. 1. frugal, stingy. mnyofu, unyofu. 2. poor, .shabby, scanty. Cf. nyima. nyoka 414 nyorosha nyota 415 nyunyiza

^nyoka (— ) 1. snake. 2. worm (in gen.). nyonya suck (of small children and animals). nyota (-, ma-) 1. astr. star. - yenye baridi. 2 nyuma pi. of uma 4. ndugu wa kunyonya. foster brother, caus. planet. 2. fig..- hana - nzuri. He does not suckle, feed at the breast. nyoko! inter], a vulgar term of abuse (arch., nyonyesha. Cf. have a good star (= He has no luck). nyumba (— ) 1. house, dwelling-place. — ya nyonye, mnyonywaji. 'Your mother' ). udongo. clay house. — ya mawe. stone nyotanyota see nyonyota. house. 2, building. — ya dawa. drugstore, ^nyonye, nyonyo (— ) mother's breasts (in the *nyonga 1. (—) anat. hip. 2. pi. of unyonga. pharmacy. - ya simu. telegraph office. speech of small children). Cf. nyonya. nyote (ninyi -) all of you. - lazima mfike. — ya ghorofa. apartment house. 3. fig. You should all come. All of you should come. ^nyonga 1. squeeze (out), press, wring. 2. group of related families. Cf. chumba,

Aiyonye, nyoe ) nyonye (green grasshopper). choke, strangle, throttle. 3. twist, wind, (— jumba, kinyumba, unyumba. r.yotoa L . ut^umc cxiiausLeu/weak (from pain). coil. 4. fig. irritate, annoy, appl. nyongea. 2. feel a sharp pain. nyumbu (also intr. nyongeka. caus. nyongesha. refl. Inyonyo (— ) see ^nyonye. (-) kinyumbu, vi-) l.mule. = jinyonga. strangle/hang oneself, inv. nyo- ( baghala.) 2. nyumbu (some kinds of ante- nyoya (ma-) 1. hair, feather, strand of wool. 2. lope: = 1. straighten out (twists, hartebeest, topi, gnu; kongoni.). ngoa. smoothe out, Aiyonyo (— ) seed of the castor-oil plant. Cf. pi. of unyoya. kinks in something). 2. stretch oneself Imbono, ubono. (after having been in a bent/cramped position). nyumbua stretch, bend, flex (something elastic, nyoyo pi., dial. - mioyo. Cf. moyo. mnyongaji. without breaking), intr. nyumbuka. Cf. nyonge, nyongea, kinyongo, nyonyoa pull out (hair), pluck (feathers), appl. be flexi- ble/elastic. Cf. nyumbufu, unyumbufu. nyonyolea. intr. nyonyoka. caus. nyonyosha. nyua pi. of 2 U a. nyonge adj. 1. low, mean, base, vile. 2. weak, fig. nag, find fault, criticize; annoy, torment. sickly, decrepit. 3. slight, insignificant. 4. nyumbufu adj. flexible, elastic. Cf. nyumbua, nyufa pi. of ufa. degraded, debased. kinyonge, unyumbufu. spurious, Cf. nyonyota, nyotanyota, nyunya trickle, drizzle mnyonge, unyonge; also ^nyonga, nyongea. (of light rain). Cf. manyonyota, mnyunyo. nyuga pi. of *uga. nyundo (— ) hammer. Cf. ^unda. nyongea, nyogea (— ) med. rachitis, rickets. nyonyotoa break into small pieces, crumble. nyugo pi. ugo. of nyundu pi. of undu. Cf. ^nyonga, nyonge. intr. nyonyotoka. fall apart, disintegrate (of

overcooked food, etc.). nyugwe pi. ugwe. of nyungo pi. **ungo. addition, of nyongeza (— ) (pi. of obs. uongeza) 1.

supplement, increase, increment. 2. adden- nyoo! inter], of derision or contempt. nyuka hit, strike, beat. (= piga.) dum, appendix. Cf. *ongea. *nyungunyungu (-) med. inflamed/ulcerous

nyooka see *nyoka. fissures between the toes. nyuki (-) bee. asali ya — . honey. Cf. uki. nyongo (-) 1. bile. 2. gallbladder. see *nyoka. nyoosha ^nyungunyungu nyukua pinch, pluck. (— ) earthworm. nyongoa inv. o/^nyonga. nyoroka see *nyoka. nyuni (-) arch. - ^ndege. ^nyuma 1. (— ) back, rear, reverse, mlango wa nyong'onyea 1. be weak/feeble/slack/languid.

— . nyorora become thin/emaciated/sickly/exhaus- back door. — ya ... behind, after. — 2. be depressed/downcast. Cf. kinyong'o- nyunya see nyonyota. yangu. behind/after me. 2, ) the past. ted disease). Cf. ororo. (— nyo, unyogovu. (from mambo ya — . (things which occurred in) the nyunyiza sprinkle. Cf. nyonyota, nyunyu, past. 3. adv. behind, — . nyorosha see ^nyoka. kwa from behind. nyono (-) the breathing of a sleeping person. kinyunya. 4. adv. back, backwards, rudi — . go back. Cf. gona. Cf. kinyume. nyunyu 416 ofis ofisiboi 417

ofisiboi* nyunyu (ma-) (us. [EnglJ -) manyunyu) light rain, drizzle, nywa, nwa (inv. of nya ?) drink, suck up, ab- ( ma office boy, errand boy, oka 1. roast, bake. messenger. _ mkate. bake bread. - sprinkle, spray, Cf. nyonyota, nyunyiza. sorb, appl. nywea. intr. nyweka. cans. nyama. roast meat. 2. dry (fruit). 3. fire nywesha. give to drink, provide with water. (pottery), caus. ofusaidi* okesha, okeza. inv. koa. nyuo pi. of uo. nywesha wanyama maji. water livestock. lEngLli-) sport offside. take away from the fire, remove from the nywesha (nyweshea) mashamba. water/irri- oven/kiln. inf. (rare) koka (= 2 kuoka). Cf. nyupo pi. gate fields. Cf. jinywa, kinywa, kinywaji, oga (also koga) wash of upo. (the body), bathe, take joko, mwokaji, mwoko, uokaji. kinyweo, mnywa, mnywo, unywaji. a bath. appl. oge a. caus. ogesha. bathe someone (e.g., a nyushi pi. of ushi, unyushi. chili), double appl. ogelea. ^okoa inv. of oka. ^nywea contract, shrivel/curl up; recoil (from 1. swim. 2. fig. turn up, appear, arise (a fright). question), occur fan event), double =--„'.- fiYiiai (Jt. uf usi. z okoa 1. save, intr. ogeleka. baharini preserve, rescue, deliver, help hapa hapaogeliki. It out 2nywea appZ. of nywa. is not of a difficulty/predicament, possible to bathe in this sea. double ametuokoa nyuso pi. of uso. katika taabu zetu. He has appl.-caus. ogeleza, ogelesha. cause/teach helped us out of our nywele pi. of unywele. to swim. difficulties, ameniokoa Cf. kiogeo, mwogaji, mwogeleaji, na hatari ya nyuta pi. of uta. mwogo. mamba. He rescued me from a crocodile (lit.: nyweleo (ma-) see kinyeleo. from the danger of a crocodile), appl. okolea. nyuti pi. of uti. intr. okoka. caus. 2oga adj. & int. okoza. 1. rescue cowardly, timorous, fainthearted, caus. nywa. someone. nywesha of 2. get oneself out of a difficult pusillanimous; timid, shy, nervous. Cf. situation. nyuzi, nyuzinyuzi (pi. threads, fibers. Cf. Ikiokozi, of uzi) ogofyo, maokozi, mwokozi, ogopa, mwoga, mwogofyo, woga, nzige (— ) locust. uokozi, wokovu. — zibuniwazo na watu. synthetic fibers. mogofya.

nzigunzigu (— ) butterfly. okota 1. pick up, nyuzio pi. of uzio. gather; find. 2. come upon by °RO (-) rare see woga. chance/unexpectedly. 3. obtain something without effort, appl. okolea. intr. okoteka. ogeleka double appl.-intr. of ^oga. be capable of being picked up. prov. maji yaliyomwagika hayaokoteki. Spilled water can- ogeleza double appl.-caus. of ioga. not be picked up. caus. okotesha. Cf. kio- kosi, kiokote, mwokosi, mwokotaji, uokosi, ogofisha double caus. of ogopa. uokotaji. oa, owa take a wife, marry (of a man), appl. marriage ceremony, ass. oana. intermarry ogofya caus. oktavo* of ogopa. [EnglJ(-) mus . oc tave. olea. intr. oleka. 1. be married (of a woman). (of families). Cf. maozi, mwozi, ndoa, uozi.

2. be marriageable/nubile, pass, olewa. be/ Oktoba* ogofyo (ma-) 1. danger. 2. threat, menace. [EnglJ October. 2 get married (of a woman), caus. oza. ofisa*, afisa LEngl.J (ma-) 1. official. 2. mil. Cf. oga.

1. cause/allow to marry, marry off. amemwoza officer. Cf. uafisa. ola rare look at, observe. Cf. oleza, ^ioo (?). mtoto wake kwa mtu mzee. He has married off ogopa be afraid/terrified/startled, caus. ogofya {.Engl. J ) 1. (business) office. 2. his daughter to an old man. nioze mtoto wako. ofisi* (— ole * & double caus. ogofisha. frighten, (~) l ' fate, lot, terrify; destiny. 2. woe, grief, Permit me to marry your daughter. 2. make (government) bureau, institution, startle; endanger, jeopardize; mwenye _. threaten, despondent/melancholy person, preparations for a wedding, perform the 2 menace. Cf. oga. 3. inter;.: - wangu ! Woe is me! oleic 418 419 ongoa

omo* (ma-) naut. bow a ship), kiomo. oleic (of Cf. ondoa 1. take away, remove, get rid of, elimi- onea appl. of ona. nate. 2. put an end to, abolish; conclude,

omoa 1. open. 2. dig up, break up (soil). 3. terminate. olevva pass, of oa. — matanga. conclude the burial onekana intr.-ass. of ona. stir cause unrest/disorder. (fig.) up, disturb, ceremony. 3. fig. release, relieve of. — 4. reveal, bring to light, display, appl. oleza, oleleza make even/level; make some- fig. madaraka. release from obligations, appl. oneo (ma-) (us. maoneo) mistreatment, cruelty, omolea. intr. omoka. caus. omosha. thing like something else, imitate, copy. Cf. ondolea. remove from, rid of, relieve of. bullying, persecution. Cf. ona.

kiolezo; also ola (?). ondolea mashaka. relieve of doubts, pass.

omolea appZ. of omoa. ondolewa. be relieved of (doubts), be ab- onevu adj. cruel, malicious, oppressive, vio- omba 1. ask, beg, be a beggar. 2. pray. 3. solved from (sins), intr. ondoka. get up, lent. Cf. ona, mwonevu, uonevu.

1. see, notice, as I see it, in implore, entreat, beseech, appl. ombea. ona nionavyo. my rise; set out, start; leave, depart, withdraw. 2. feel, sense. — (kiu). feel plead/intercede for someone; ask/demand opinion. njaa ondoka katika ulimwengu. euph. die (lit.: *ongea rare grow, increase, us. caus. ongeza. hunger (thirst), be hungry (thirsty). — furaha something of someone, intr. ombeka. caus. depart from the liter.: worlds paliondoka. 1. grow, increase. 2. add to, enlarge, aug- (huzuni). feel joy (sorrow), waonaje? How do ombesha, ombeza. 4. (ma-) request, en- Now it came to pass... (at the beginning of ment, expand, fill up. ongeza mali. add to ombokeza, omboleza, you feel? How are you? 3. think, believe. a story), treaty, petition. Cf. intr. -appl. ondokea. make progress, property, ongeza upana. widen, broaden, amazed. ombolezo, maombi, maombolezo, mwombaji, naona utaona ajabu. I think you will be prosper, be successful; develop, grow; expand, caus. -appl, ongezea. caus. -intr. 4. perceive (hear, smell). — kishindo. hear a mwombezi, mwombelezi, uombaji, uombezi. swell, protrude; stand out, be prominent. ongezeka. be increased/enlarged/expanded, noise. — harufu. detect an odor. — ladha. per- intr. -double appl. ondokelea. get up and chama hiki kinaongezeka katika nchi nzima. ceive a taste. 5. recognize, acknowledge. arch, (approx.) leave to ombasha* [_Turk.~\ (ma-) mil., (a place), caus. ondosha. cause This organization is spread over the entire refl. jiona. 1. feel, jiona na nguvu. feel leave, send away, dismiss, ondosha nanga. corporal. country. Cf. ongezo, nyongeza. conceited/proud/arrogant. strong. 2. fig. be weigh anchor, ondosha mtu kazini. dis- ass. onana. see/meet each other (again), appl. ombojea be soft/overripe/overcooked. charge a worker. Cf. ondokeo, ondoleo, ^ongea 1. talk, converse, chat. 2. waste time. at someone. 2. feel... (a certain onea. 1. look maondoleo. ass. ongeana. chat with each other, pass the emotion, usually hostility) toward someone. ombokeza repeat the words of the formula be- time together. Cf. maongezi, mwongezi. onea fulani chuki. feel hatred for someone. fore swearing an oath. Cf. omba. ondoka intr. of ondoa. onea kijicho. envy someone, onea wivu. be ongeza caus. of *ongea. jealous of someone. 3. look down on some- omboleza 1. bewail, lament, mourn. 2. beseech, ondokelea double appl. of ondoa. one. 4. mistreat, persecute, oppress, intr. request urgently. Cf. omba. ongezeko (ma-) see ongezo. oneka & intr. -ass. onekana. 1. be visible/ ondokeo (ma-) (us. maondokeo) 1. departure, apparent/obvious, seem/appear to be. 2. be ombolezo (ma-) {us. maombolezo) 1. lament, start (of a journey). 2. prospering, success, ongezo, ongezeko (ma-) {us. maongezo, ma- acceptable, caus. onya. 1. cause/permit to weeping/wailing. 2- ceremonial song of advancement. 3. rare progress. Cf. ondoa. ongezeko) increase, growth, addition, en- see, show, explain. 2. warn, admonish, deter, mourning, dirge. 3. earnest entreaty, urgent largement, expansion. Cf. ongea. restrain. 3. criticize, disapprove of. caus.- request. Cf. omboleza. ondolea appl. of ondoa. intr. onyeka. be warned, caus. -ass. onyana. ongoa 1. precede, go straight ahead. 2. lead, warn each other, exchange warning signals. (-) 1. edge, margin, brink. 2. shore. ondoleo (ma-) {us. maondoleo) 1. removal, ombwe guide. 3. instruct, train. 4. make right, double caus. onyesha. 1. show, indicate, elimination, dismissal, maondoleo ya correct, improve, reform. 5. cause someone point out, explain, clarify, demonstrate. 2. unpack, spread out, lay out, display mashaka. removal of doubts. 2. shifting, omeka to change his views, (rel.) convert. 6. be display, exhibit, disclose. Cf. kionyo, lonyo, (wares, objects), appl. omekea. int. ome- transposition. 3. change of residence. Cf. successful, prosper, appl. ongolea. 1. - maonezi, maoni, maono, maonyo, maonyesho, pile up, arrange objects by stacking ondoa. keza. ongoa. 2. liter, rhyme, intr. ongoka. 1. be mboni, mwonevu, mwonyeshaji, oneo, onevu, one on the other. them put on a straight course. 2. be reformed/ ono, onyesho, onyo, uonevu, wonyesho, ondosha caus. of ondoa. converted, ongoka nafsi. change one's ways, wonvesliano. on gofu 420 421

osha wash (us. objects, clothes, turn a new leaf. cans, ongoza. 1. promote, onyeka caus.-intr. of ona. etc.), wash all of us. nyumba yote. the whole house. off, rinse. advance, expedite. 2. show the way. 3. in- appZ. oshea. intr. osheka. be —ote —wili. both. 2. indef. relat. mtu ye washable, struct, teach, train, ongoza maneno. give a onyesha double caus. of ona. haiosheki. It is not washable. yote. anyone whatever. Cf. mote.

good turn to a conversation, cans. -ass. caus. osheza. Cf. josho, kiosha, kiosho,

ongozana. follow each other, move together onyesho (ma-) (us. pi.) display, demonstration, mwoshaji, mwosho, uoshaji. otea appl. of *ota, 'ota, ''ota.

in the same direction/toward a common goal. exhibition, maonyesho ya vita, military re- view, lota Cf. ongofu, kiongozi, maongozi, mwongofu, Cf. ona. grow (of hair, nails; rarely of plants), loteo (ma-) growth. Cf. 'ota.

mwongozi, mwongozo, uongozi, wongofu. appl. otea. intr. oteka. caus. otesha, Cf. onyo (ma-) (us. maonyo) 1. warning, advice, oteo, uotajt, woto. 2oteo (ma-), kioteo (vi-) hiding-place, ambush. exhortation, hint. 2. indication, mark, index. ongofu adj. 1. straightened out, reformed, Cf. 2ota. 3. iuCnccilui (un u ruucwnej, o/. una. tuucticu. 2. successful, prosperous. L.f. ^ota sit, squat, crouch (us. in order to warm ongoa. oneself). — moto. warm oneself at the fire. ovataimu* LEngl. J (— ) overtime. onza 1. wound, hurt, do harm to, damage. 2. appl. otea. 1. - ota. 2. lie in wait/ambush torment, annoy. ongofya caus. of ongopa. fig. for someone, intr. oteka. caus. otesha. ovu 1. (ma-) (us. maovu) badness, wickedness; stat. otama. be in a sitting/squatting posi- injustice, coll. mema na maovu ndio uli- false opoa 1. take/pull out. 2. fig. save, rescue, ongopa 1. lie, deceive. 2. slander, make tion, stat.-appl. otamia, atamia, latamia, mwengu. There are both good and bad in the = extricate [from difficulties), appl. opolea. statements, caus. ongofya. 1. ongopa w. tamia. sit on eggs, brood, kuku anaatamia world. 2. adj. bad, evil, wicked, wrong, astray, mislead. P as s- opolewa. intr. opoka. caus. oposha, int. force. 2. lead Cf. mayai. The hen is sitting on eggs. Cf. depraved; malicious, spiteful. Cf. maovu, won go, mwongo, uwongo. opoza. Cf. kiopoo. *^oteo, kiota; also ^moto. uovu.

orda* LEngl. J (— ) order (for something). onja 1. try, test. 2. taste (foods), fig. ameonja •'ota 1. dream. — ndoto. have a dream. 2. be ovyo 1. adj. worthless, inferior; (fig.) super- mchukuaji — wa chakula. one who takes mapesa. He loves money. 3. examine, inves- half awake, doze, be in a trance. 3. fig. day- ficial, careless. 2. adv. (also ovyoovyo^ orders at the table, waiter. tigate. appZ. onjea. intr. onjeka. caus. dream, indulge in reveries, talk foolishly. haphazardly, aimlessly, carelessly, at ran- onjesha. Cf. onjo, kionja, kionjo, mwonjaji, appl. otea. dream about, intr. oteka. ass. dom. fanya kazi ovyoovyo tu. do one's work orodha*, oroza, worodha (— ) 1. list, register, mwonjo, uonjaji. otana. dream about each other. Cf. ndoto. carelessly /in a slipshod way. Cf. maovyo. inventory. — ya biashara. commercial register.

— ya majina. roll, roster, 2. bill, invoice. onjesha caus. of onja. oya (ma-) handful. (- ukofi, konzi, gao.) 3. catalog, program. — ya masomo. time- ^ota 1. mark, designate. 2. make a mark, leave

table, schedule. marks (us. welts from blows). Cf. moto. onji (ma-) see onjo. *oza turn bad, decay, rot, decompose, matunda o orofa*, ghorofa, gorofa (— ) (upper) floor, story. otama stat. of ota. yameoza. The fruit is rotten, prov. samaki onjo, onji (ma-) trial, test, investigation. Cf. — ya pili. third floor, nyumba ya — nne. a akioza ni mtungo . One bad fish spoils onja. four-story house. otamia stat.-appl. of ota. the whole string. (Cf. mtungo.) appl. ozea. intr. ozeka. caus. ozesha. spoil/ruin (some- ono (ma-) 1. perception, sensation, feeling. 2. r 3 thing, someone). ororo adj. soft, smooth, tender, delicate, sensi- otana ass. of ota. Cf. kioza, wozo. thought, opinion, impression. Cf. ona. tive, ufupa mwororo. gristle, cartilage. Cf. nyorora. ote 1. indef. pron. all, whole, watu wote. all oza caus. oa. onya caus. of ona. of people, nchi yote. all countries, sisi sote.

oroza* (— ) see rodha. onyana caus. -ass. of ona. ) .

pa 422 pachapacha pachika 423 paka

pachika fasten, secure, stick - in. kisu kipi- pagao, pagaro (ma-) charm, amulet (against evil nini. fasten a knife-blade in the handle. spirits or dangers). Cf. pagaa. *pa 1. give. — mkono. give the hand (to ex- ^paa 1. rise, get up. 2. go up, rise, ascend, refl. jipachika. 1. interfere/meddle in a press congratulation/condolence); lend a mount, appl. palia. wali umenipalia. coll. matter. 2. sit with legs spread, sit astride pagaro (ma-) see pagao. helping hand. — mgongo (uso). turn the back I the rice (i.e., it went down the choked over of something, appl. pachikia. intr. pachi- (face). — shauri. give a piece of advice. — wrong way), appl.-caus. (also int.). paliza. kika. inf. pachua. take/draw out, separate, pagawa pass, of pagaa. ruhusa. give permission, allow. 2. carry out, raise, lift, paliza sauti. raise the voice, remove. perform, accomplish. — tnchezo. play out a speak loudly, caus. paaza, paza. paaza pagaza caus. of pagaa. game. — hadithi. tell a story, refl. jipa. ugomvi. goad someone on, start a_ quarrel pachipachi see pacha 3. 1. give oneself, have oneself provided with. with someone. ''paa, ^ pao, *kipaa, Cf. pagua see pogoa. 2. fig. make oneself out to be, act as if, kipao, 1 mpalio. pachua inv. of pachika. pretend to be. jipa ujinga. play the fool, pahala* (— ) see pahali. feign stupidity, jipa mali. play the great man, ''paa (ma-) side of a native thatched pachuri*, sloping pachori, pacholi Llnd.J (— ) pachuri put on airs. appZ. pea {rare pia). ass. pana. roof. Cf. ^paa. (a perfume). pahali*, pahala (-) (proper, expected) place, give each other something, appl.-ass. peana. situation, position. — pa kupumzika. rest- make an agreement/bargain with each other; (= padiri* (ma-) see padre. ing-place. — pa kupikia. cooking-place. — 4paa (— ) paa (kind of gazelle, impala). kino- exchange greetings, peana zawadi. exchange kero. po pote. in all places, everywhere. Cf. presents, kukimbia kwa kupeana. relay race. padre*, padri, padiri \_Port. J (ma-) clergyman mahali. pass. pewa. amepewa_zawadi. He has been paana ass. of paa. (priest, pastor, minister; either Roman given a present. paji, ^kipa, kipaji, Cf. Catholic - or Protestant; kasisi). Cf. Ipainti* \_Engl.~] (-) pint. kipawa, mpaji, uapo, upaji. 4 upadre. paanda (— ) see panda.

2painti* \_Engl.~\ adj. painted, colored. 2pa conn, mahali — uhalifu. on the scene of padri* see paaza caus. of *paa, ^paa. (ma-) padre. the crime. paipu*, peipu [.Engl, pipe] (-) (automobile) = pafu, bafu (ma-) anat. lung. ( buhumu, pacha 1. (ma-) twin, one of twins, watoto hawa horn, (ship's) siren, warning horn, piga — Ipaa, para 1. scrape/scratch (off). — magamba pumu.) ugonjwa wa mapafu. disease of the ni (ma)pacha. These children are twins. 2. sound/blow an automobile horn. lungs. ya samaki. scale fish. — moto. stir the fire (ma-) something closely resembling something (the (and take out burning coals). 2. paw . crossroads, else: double, counterpart, njia — paja (ma-), upaja (paja) anat. 1. thigh, ham is pawing. pagaa 1. carry (a burden, on head or shoulders; ground), farasi anapaa. the horse . that (street) crossing, ndizi — two bananas (of a human being or an animal). 2. (us. of cards. appZ. an amulet). 2. ethn. (us. pass, pagawa,) be 3. fig.: — karata. win a game have grown together. 3. red. pachapacha, pajanij lap. possessed (by a spirit), amepagawa na palia, paria. 1. = paa. 2. rake, gather up pachipachi. adj., adv. similar, of the same appl.-caus. pepo. He is possessed by a spirit, caus. (leaves); weed (a field), double nature; twinned (of rice or millet heads, etc.), Ipaji (ma-) 1. gift, present. 2. sacrifice, offer- pagaza. 1. employ someone as a bearer/ paliliza. 1. employ someone to pull weeds. growing in clusters. 4. v. produce more than ing. Cf. !pa. caus. porter. 2. ethn. cause someone to be pos- 2. fig. stir up, agitate someone, one plant from a single seed; grow in clusters (w. sessed an evil paaza, paraza. grind coarsely, pound (bananas, etc.). ass. pachana. grow in by spirit, bring evil/misfor- 2paji (ma-): — la tune uso. forehead. Cf. ^kipaji, mortar and pestle), pulverize, intr. palika. clusters. upon someone. 3. strike someone dumb panja, 2 3 amazement), ass. paana. Cf. palizi, para, para, (from astound, dumbfound. mpalilio, mpalizi, alitupagaza kwa maneno yake. He dumb- parua, paruparu, mapalio, pachapacha see pacha 3. *paka, pakaa mparuzi, mparuzo. founded us with his words, Cf. pagao, spread/smear/paint on, apply. mpagazi, upagazi. — udongo. plaster (the wall of a house with paka 424 pakio pakiti 425 pambana

mud). — chokaa. whitewash, fig., cul.: sa- pakasa twist (thread, rope). pakiti* see (-) paketi. palizi (ma-) weed (in a cultivated field). Cf. breaded fish. maki wa kupaka. — rangi. Jpaa. paint, stain, dye. — mafuta. rub (the body) pakata hold, carry. — mtoto. carry a child (in pakiza cons, of *pakia.

with oil. dawa ya kupaka. salve, ointment. one's arms), intr. pakatika. mtoto huyu -Ipamba 1. decorate, ornament. 2. prepare, ar- appL pakia. caus. pakaza. apply (a bandage, hapakatiki. This child cannot be held (i.e., pakti* (-) see paketi. range. — maiti. prepare a corpse for burial. splint). Cf. kipaku, Anpaka, mpakato, is wild/unruly). Cf. ^paka. 3. fig. furnish (a room, house), chum ha chake mpako, upakizi. paku (ma-) see kipaku. kimepambwa vizuri. His room is well furnished. pakaza caus. of ^paka. refl. jipamba. adorn oneself, dress well. 2paka rare border on, adjoin, be contiguous. pakua inv. of Ipakia. anapenda kujipamba. He likes to be well

us. ass. pakana. border on each other, lie paketi*, pakiti, pakti [.Engl. J (— ) packet, pack, dressed. s"-l. ".air.bia. I. de^uialc fui some-

side by side, nchi zetu zinapakana. Our package. — ya sigara. a pack of cigarettes. pakulalia (— ) (= mahali pa kulalia) sleeping- thing/someone. 2. set a table, intr. pambika. countries are adjacent. ass.-caus._pakani- place. caus. pambisha. inv. pambua. 1. remove an

sha. set boundaries, delimit. Cf. ^rapaka. pake his, her. pahali — . his/her place. Cf. ornament/decoration. 2. move out furniture,

ake. pakulia (— ) (= mahali pa kulia) eating-place. prepare to change residence. 3. deface, dis-

figure, ''paka (— ) cat. — mwitu. wild cat. inv. -appl. pambulia. inv. -intr. pambu- paki* LEngl.J park (a car). pakuogea, pakogea (— (= mahali pa ) kuogea) lika. Cf. pambe, pambo, kipambo, ^mpamba, washing-place, bathroom, swimming pool. pakaa see *paka. mpambe, upambo. Ipakia 1. load, pack, stow. 2. put on board, palahala (— palahala (sable antelope, ship. 3. fig. export, mwenye kupakia mali. ) Hippo- 2 Ipakacha (ma-) light basket, prov. - kuvuja, pamba* \_Pers. J (-) 1. cotton, kitambaa cha exporter, pass, pakiwa. mali ipakiwayo, tragus niger). — cotton cloth. nafuu ya mchukuzi. A punctured basket is . 2. cotton wool, wadding. bidhaa zipakiwazo. export goods/merchandise/ advantageous to the carrier. Cf. kipamba, ^mpamba. palama see parama. articles, appl. pakilia. load/stow something;

pile up. caus. pakiza, pakisha. have some- ) see pakaja. 3pamba (ma-) see pambo. 2pakacha (— pale 1. demon.: mahali pale, in that place. thing packed/loaded, pakiza gari. have a 2. adv. there; then, afterwards, palepale. wagon/car loaded, refl.-caus. jipakiza. 1. footpad, highwayman, 4 pakaja, pakacha (-) in that very place, in the same place. pamba (— ) large number/quantity, multitude. go on board (a ship); book passage. 2. fig. robber. accept a responsibility, inv. pakua. 1. un-

pi. 2 load, discharge. 2.: us. pakua chakula. Ipalia appl. of paa, ^paa. 5pamba of lupamba, U pamDa . pakana ass. of ^paka. transfer food from a cooking pot to plates,

dish up, serve. Cf. mapakio, mpakizi, mpa- palika intr. of *paa. pambaja 1. embrace, clasp. 2. (— ) an embrace, pakanga (—) wormwood, rue. kuzi, upakizi, upakuzi. piga — . embrace.

palikuwa liter. Once upon a time... (at the pakanisha ass. -caus. of ^paka. 2pakia delimit, fix the limits/bounds of... — beginning of a story). pambana 1. come together, meet (in a hostile or

ngwe. mark out a field for tilling. competitive sense), compete, sport: timu za pakanya (ma-) compensation, indemnification paliliza double ass.-caus. of *paa. mi ji hii zitapambana kesho. The teams of present). (in money or an equivalent these pakilia appl. of *pakia. cities will meet/clash tomorrow. 2. collide palipo loc, rare (place) where there is... (of ships), appl. pambania. compete (flat-nosed) pliers. pakari (-) tongs, for pakio (ma-) see upakio. palipoinuka. highland. Cf. inua. something. Ali na Juma wanapambania kiti cha Mombasa. Ali and Huma are running .

pambano 426 panda panda 427 panga

for election to the seat for Mombasa. Nita- pambo, pamba (ma-) 1. furnishing, decoration amepandishwa cheo. He obtained a degree. pandepande (ma-) see ipande. pambania nambari ya kvvanza darasani mwa- (of a room, house). 2. ornament, adornment. — tanga. set/hoist sail. ass. pandana. lie ngu. I will compete for the first place in my prov. mke mzuri ni — la nyumba. A beautiful across/overlap/cross each other. Cf. pandikiza intr. -int. of 2panda. class, cans, pambanisha, pambanya. 1. wife is the adornment of the house. Cf. pandio, kipandio, kipandisho, 2 mpanda, bring together, put side by side, exhibit. 2 pamba. mpando, 2 upandaji. pandikizi, pandekizi (ma-) 1. large piece, lump, 2. compare, contrast. 3. bring into conflict. block. 2. fig..- - la mtu. large person, giant, 4. contradict, oppose, pambua inv. vote against, inv. of 'pamba. 2panda sow, plant; grow, raise (plants), intr. Cf. *pande. pambanua. separate (for purposes of com- pandika. intr. -int. pandikiza. plant out, parison), distinguish; pick out, select; com- pamoja adv. together, at the same time, in the transplant (seedlings). Cf. pandikizo, pandikizo (ma-), kipandikizo (vi-) 1. (act of) pare, inv.-appl. pambanulia. inv.-intr. same place. — na... together with... — na planting out, tiauaplaiuing. 2. seedling, pambanuka. Cf. mapambano, mpambanisho, hayo. nevertheless, in spite of everything. slip. Cf. 2 panda. mpambano, upambano, upambanuzi. —a — . adj. joint, united, collective, taarifa 3 panda (-, ma-) (& mpanda, mi-) 1. division, ya — . joint communique, umbele mkubwa wa pandio separation. 2. fork(ing), bifurcation, njia (ma-) pandio (a notch cut in a tree-trunk pambano see mapambano. — . pol. a broad united front, uongozi wa — to facilitate -.forking of a road.- ya mto. branching of a climbing). Cf. Ipanda. collective leadership. Cf. moja. river. — ya mti. branches of a tree. 3. pambanua inv. of pambana. fig. catapult, slingshot. pando (ma-) see ^mpando. pampu* LEngl. J (— ) pump. — ya maji. water pambanuka inv.-intr. of pambana. pump. (= bomba.) Ipanga panda, paanda (-) mus. horn, trumpet, piga 1. put in order, line up, set up, arrange. - askari. — . blow a horn/trumpet. draw up, dress ranks. _ pambanulia inv.-appl. of pambana. Ipana, panapana adj. 1. broad, wide, bahari kambi. set up camp. - makundi. group. 2. fig., liter.: panapana. the open sea. 2. flat, level. Cf. 5 compose, write (a book, poem). 3. form, pambanya caus. of pambana. panua, mapana, upana. panda (ma-), kipanda (vi-) dial.: - la uso. conclude. 2 _ udugu. conclude a friendship forehead. Cf. paji. (which implies a relation of kinship). pambauka, pambazuka get light, dawn. Cf. 4. 2pana aux. v. there is, it has. Cf. na. classify, organize, reft, jipanga. put one- pambauko, pambazua. pandana ass. of Ipanda. self in position, straighten oneself up. panapana adj. see pana. appl. pangia. double pambauko, pambazuko (ma-) (us. pi.) dawn, appl. pangilia. set up Ipande {also pandepande) (ma-, -) (augment. in rows/lines, set out (plants), daybreak. Cf. pambauka. caus. panapo relat. 1. where there is/are... 2. when it ofkipande) 1. large piece, lump, chunk, pangisha. take care of the (proper) arrange- is... — saa tisa. When it is three o'clock. block. — la chuma. bar/pig of iron. fig. — la ment/order (of guests at table, pambazua make clear/plain, explain, intr. etc.), seat, mtu. large person, giant. 2. part, section. pangisha watu karamuni. seat guests at pambazuka. only fig. ~ pambauka. a Ipanda 1. get (up) on, mount, ride on. — farasi. — hizi hatuna nazi. In this part of the country feast, inv. pangua. create disorder, dis- get on/mount a horse, — baisikeli. get on a there are no coconuts. arrange; (fig,) Ml out, quarrel. pambazuko (ma-) see pambauko. Cf. pangilio, bicycle, — motokaa. get into an automobile. *mpangaji, ^mpango. climb, ipande: 2. ascend. — mlima (mti). climb a piga — . be out of sorts/in a bad pambe adj. decorated, dressed up. Cf. 'pamba. mountain (a tree). 3. mount, cover, copulate humor. 2 panga 1. rent, lease. _ nyumba. rent/lease a (with a female; a male animal). 4. rise, of house. pambizo, pembizo (ma-) 1. edge, margin, end. 2. fig., coll. live together without increase (in number, weight, quantity, price), Spande pi. of upande. being married, caus. — la meza. the edge of the table. 2 (room pangisha. rent/lease appl. pandia. intr. pandika. caus. panza, (something 2 for) play, clearance, margin. 3. outskirts, to someone). Cf. mpangaji, pandisha. raise, hoist; increase, fig. pandekizi see pandikizi. 2 environs, periphery. 4. suburb. mpangishaji, mpango, upangaji. —

papa 429 paraga panga 428 papa

papatika. flutter, twitch. Cf. papara, papio, papio (ma-) 1. haste, hurry, hastiness,, restless- ^panga (ma-) (augment, o/upanga) 1. long panju (— ) panju (kind of fish). Ipapo, kipapa, kipapatiko, mpapatiko. ness. 2. avarice, greediness. Cf. 'papa. knife, machete. 2.: mapanga. screw, pro- expand, peller (of ship, airplane) (- majembe). panua open up, spread apart, broaden. 2papa be paplini* [Engl.l (-) poplin. — miguu. spread the legs, take long steps. porous/permeable, — maji. let water

fig. — akili. broaden one's mind, enlarge the through, permit water to pass. ^panga (ma-) panga (kind of fish, with prickly range of one's ideas, appl. panulia. intr. Ipapo (ma-) 1. beating, pulsing. - la moyo. skin). panuka. Cf. 'pana, upanuzi. Jpapa: — hapa. in this very place; at this very heartbeat. 2. fig. stimulation, excitement.

time, now. 3. rare, naut, surf, breakers. Cf. ^papa. ^panga (— ): — za wazuka (a prickly plant, Ipanya (—) mouse, rat. prov. paka akiondoka Achyranthes aspera). lint.r. ;„ ^l,^,^ ..« -1 _. ..t -. 4papa (— ) shark. nnan« 9 . su'ordfish. 2nann: _ nJ„ — hutawnln. When the cat is away the mnnsp — r- — — .-v k*">-^» ci. uiai rules. very time/moment. "panga pi. of upanga. papai* llnd. J (ma-) papai (a melon-like fruit, papaya, pawpaw). mpapai. papua rare see papura. ^panya 1. make an incision/notch. 2. ethn. Cf. pange (ma-) gadfly, horsefly. file the teeth (as a family or tribal mark). papara (^-) haste, hurry; hastiness, rashness. papura (rare papua) 1. tear, rip, claw, scratch, pangilio (ma-) {us. mapangilio) 1. succession, ' Cf. Ipapa. lacerate, tear to pieces (of wild animals and Ipanza caus. sequence, alternation, mapangilio ya ma- of *panda. birds of prey). — kwa makucha. scratch/rend tunda. rotation of crops. 2. layer, stratum. papasa 1. stroke, touch. 2. grope, feel one's with the claws/talons. 2. fig. quarrel, dis- left min. — la madini. vein/lode of metal. Cf. 2panza (— ) panza (the residue of coconut way. kipofa anapapasa. A blind man feels pute. Cf. mpapuro. 1 panga. after the white part has been scraped out of his way. the shell). papuri* llnd. J (ma-) papuri (flat cake made of pangisha caus. of Upanga, Upanga. bean meal). papasi (ma-) tick, homa ya — . med. spirillum Ipanzi grasshopper. (— ) tick fever. recess. 2. cave, pango (— , ma-) 1. hole, hollow, Ipara see Ipaa.

cavern. 3. lair, den (of animals). 4. fig.: 2panzi (—), also — bahari. flying fish. papatika cont.-intr. of ^papa.

ana — . He has a protruding tooth. 2para (-) 1. scratch, superficial wound. 2. bald

lpao, ) 1. pao (a thin pole carrying the papatiko (ma-) pau (— see mpapatiko. spot, baldness. Cf. *paa, kipara, upaa. Ipangua inv. of Upanga. thatch in native houses). 2. framework (of a

roof). 3.: — la chuma. iron bar/rod. 4. pi. of papatua remove husk/shell/rind (fruits, vege- 3 para (-) 1. gnashing, grinding (the teeth). 2. upau. tables). — maganda. remove husks/rinds. ^pangua knock off/down (with a single blow). scratching, pawijig (e.g., of a horse; us. red. refl. jipapatua. slough (the skin; of snakes), paraparaj. Cf. *paa. appl. papatulia. intr. papatuka. 1. be clean; 2pao* [Port.] (— ) cards club(s). pangusa wipe/rub off, dry off, dust off. be bright, shine. 2. fig., interj.: nipapatuke! 4 para (ma-) para (kind of cake). Go away! Let me alone! {lit.: Cleanse me of pulse). pania lift up, tuck/turn up (clothing, to protect Ipapa 1« beat, throb (heart, 2. fig. you!) or damp). — kanzu. tuck up the tremble, quiver, shudder. 3. fig. be worried/ it from dirt parafujo* [Port.l (-) 1. screw. 2. rare screw- be in a hurry over some- kanzu. - suruali. turn up the trouser-legs. upset, appl. papia. driver (= bisibisi.) papayuka intr. of paya. thing, do something in haste/hastily, papia

temple, fore- chakula. eat hastily, papia kazi. work hur- panja (ma-), also — la uso. anat. paraga climb (a tree, etc., using arms and legs). papi pi. of upapi. lock. Cf. ^paji, ^kipaji. riedly, conl., arch, papata. cont.-intr. parago 430 past 431 patano

parago (ma-) 1. parago (a stick on which one paru (ma-) paru (a confection made of sugar and ^pasi adj., rare avaricious, grasping; pushing, about ten years old. 3. find, hit upon. — props oneself when picking cloves). 2. naut. opium). ambitious, Cf. pata, mpasi. sababu. find a reason. — njia. find a way/ balancing-pole (used in dugout canoes). method. 4. happen, occur, kupata. As it parua, parura scrape, scratch, coll. — kazi. pasia*, pasira \_Engl. j sport 1. to pass (foot- happened... (at the beginning of stories). parakacha (— ) rustling sound (made by dry do slipshod work. int. paruza. 1. rub on ball). 2. concede the championship to some- 5. (in conj. w. other verbs) can, be able, leaves). something, paruza kibiriti. strike a match. one. Cf. pasi, succeed in doing. — kufanya kazi. He was 2. be rough/harsh; (fig.) be rude /abrupt. Cf. able to work. — kusikia. He succeeded in parama, palama 1. be lacking/deficient. — *paa, paruparu, mparuzi, mparuzo. Pasifiki* yEngl. J geogr. Pacific (Ocean), hearing. 6. suffer, be the victim of. — usingizi. fail to get enough sleep. 2. be (patwa na) homa. have a fever. — ugonjwa. sterile/barren (esp. of trees), appl. paramia. paruparu 1. adj. rough, coarse; (fig.) rude, un- pasipo, pasi, (rare) pasi na prep, without, suffer an illness. — baridi, suffer cold, ~;„;l 9 „J.. f. i~_:i.. :_ i:__l.j/ use* ir. zr„ ir.v. ser.se; see para~.;a „c*gw. w..x. _. ... rwxun.wi.ji, ... H Ol.tlOllUU, — shaka, without doubt. — hofu. without catch a cold, appl. patia. procure, secure. hit-or-miss way, Cf. paa, parua. fear. — nia. without intention, unintention- double appl. patilia. intr. patika, us. intr.- paramende* (ma-) see peremende. ally, ameondoka — kuniambia. He left with- ass. patikana. be procurable/obtainable. parura parua. out telling me (that he was going). bidhaa hizi hazipatikani sasa. These goods paramia (appl. of parama, but used in an inv. are not obtainable now. patikana na hatia. sense ?) 1. climb/clamber up something pasa (caus. ofpata ?) concern, affect; be necessary; pasira see pasia. be found guilty, njia inapatikana kwa upesi. (quickly), simba alipotokea mtu aliparamia be unalterable/irrevocable, imepasa, yapasa. The way could quickly be found, pass, patwa. mit. When the lion appeared the man quickly It is right/fitting. It is necessary. One patwa na ugonjwa. be seized by an illness, paspoti* (— ) see ^pasi. scrambled up a tree. 2. climb onto/get on must... imempasa aende. He had to go. ass. patwa na taabu. be overtaken by difficulties. (vehicles). 3. grasp, take hold of (an oppo- pasana. be mutually obligated, be intimately ass. agree, a passipoti* LEngl.J (—) see ^pasi. patana. 1. strike bargain. 2. nent in fighting); (fig.) assail someone (with concerned with each other, caus. pasisha, be reconciled, reach an understanding. 3. words), have an argument with someone. obligate someone, impose/inflict something work well/harmoniously together, caus. pasta* \_Engl. J (ma-) rare pastor. Cf. on someone, coerce someone. Cf. pata. pasha, patisha, to mchunfiaji. patiza. cause get/have. parange (ma-) broad-bladed knife, machete. — moto. warm up, heat. ass. -caus. pata- Pasaka* [Port.] (-) Easter. nisha. 1. pacify, appease. 2. reconcile. pasua 1. tear (into pieces). 2. cut open, split, parapanda (trumpet used for parapanda (— ) pasa, fpasi, patanisho, patano, — mti. split a tree. — kuni. split firewood. Cf. pato, special ceremonies), rel. the last trump. pasha caus. of pata. kipasha, 3, eviscerate, remove entrails (of an animal). kipato, mpasi, mpatanishi, mpato,

4, vied, operate. 5, tear open. — barua. upasi, upataji, upatanisho, upatikanaji, parare, barare (-) large grasshopper. lpasi* llnd. J (— , ma-) flatiron. piga — . iron open a letter. 6. burst, explode, appl. upalilivu. (clothes). pasulia, operate on (someone), appl.-pass. paraza caus. of *paa. pasuliwa. intr. pasuka. bomu imepasuka. patanisho (ma-) (us. mapatanisho) 1. agree-

2pasi* \_Engl. J (— , ma-) 1. sport pass (foot- The bomb has exploded. Cf. mpasua, ment. 2, reconciliation. Cf. pata. mil. parade, review. paredi* [.Engl. ] (-) ball). 2. pass (in an examination). mpasuko. = patano (ma-; us. pi.) 1. agreement ( pata- paria appl. of *paa. 3pasi*, paspoti, passipoti \_Engl. J (— , ma-) pata 1. get, obtain, receive. — fedha (faida). nisho 1). 2. understanding, settlement, con- tract, pass, passport, usiingie hapa bila ya — . One receive money, make a profit. 2, reach, at- treaty, fanya mapatano. conclude a parokia* \_Port.~] (-) parish. cannot enter this country without a pass(port). tain, achieve. — nguvu. gain strength, be- contract/treaty, mapatano ya biashara.

come strong. — nchi. reach/arrive in a commercial treaty. — la kuridhiana. compro- LPort.l (-) parish priest. 4pasi see pasipo. paroko* mise. 3. alliance. 4. conspiracy. country, fig.: anapata miaka kumi. He is Cf. pata. patashika 432 peipu peke 433 pelelt

patashika pi. jeans, slacks. tongue, get someone to talk (and divulge peke, pekee, pweke (-) solitude, isolation, peketevu, secrets), 2. bombard someone with questions. pekutevu adj. 1. mixed/stirred up, uniqueness. - ya. alone. - yangu. I alone. well stirred, thick, 2. patasi* (— ) chisel. Cf. payo, mpayukaji, upayukaji. mushy. annoying, - yao. they alone, -a peke yake, -a pekee. troublesome; scornful, contemptuous, defi- alone, single, unique; individual, personal, ant, arrogant. Cf. pekecha, pati* LEngl.J (— ) 1. party, social gathering. payapaya see paya. mpeketevu, hukumu ya pekee. personal judgment. 2. rare (political) party. Cf. upeketevu. mpweke, upweke. payo (ma-) (us. pi.) 1. chatter, blabbing. 2. pekua 1. scratch hens); patilizo (ma-) see upatilivu. nonsense. 3. delirium. Cf. paya. (of paw (the earth; of pekecha, peketa twist, horses). 1. twirl, stir, drill. _ 2. fig. search, investigate; be in-

mashimo. drill holes. - moto. produce fire quisitive, appl. pekulia. hunt pato (ma-) (also upato, ma-; us. mapato) payuka intr. of paya. for (someone, by twirling one stick in a hole in anntlpr something): pry intn (snmr> ne' s affairs\ j.. auijuisiLioii; proceeds, return. 2. earnings, spoil, 2. damage, ruin. 3. fig. hurt, ache. intr. pekulika. red. pekuapekua income, mapato kwa mtu. per capita income. payukapayuka intr. of paya. (w. int. mifupa yangu inanipekecha. My bones ache. force), search diligently, investigate inten- 3. profit, biashara ya nazi haina — . Dealing annoy sively. 4. /exasperate/bore someone. 5. con- 3. coll. run away. Cf. pekuzi, in coconuts is not profitable. 4. achieve- payusha caus. of paya. fuse, disorganize, intr. pekecheka, peke- mpekuzi, upekuzi. ment, enrichment. Cf. pata, kipato, *mpato. teka. 1. be drilled/perforated. paza caus. of ^paa. 2. be well stirred, be of a pasty consistency. 3. be pekutevu adj. see peketevu. patu* Und. J 1. pi. of upatu. 2. (ma-) augment, damaged. 4. be disorganized/in a state of of upatu 1. pazi (ma-) village elder/headman. pekuzi adj. confusion. 5. fig. be arrogant/overbearing/ curious, inquisitive. Cf. pekua, impudent, intr.-appl. pekechekea, mpekuzi, upekuzi. pau (ma-) see * pao. pazia* (ma-) curtain, screen. — la tumbo. rare, peketekea treat someone with scorn /contempt. anat. diaphragm. — la moshi. recent, pol. Cf. peketevu, ^mpekecho, 2 mpe kecho, mpe- pele pi. of upele. paua construct the roof of a native house. smokescreen. ketevu, upekecho, upeketevu; also Ipekua. nyumba imekwisha lakini haijapauliwa. The pelea appl. of ^pea. house is finished, but the roof has not yet Ipea 1. be fully developed/mature; be complete- pekecheka intr. of pekecha. been constructed. ly ripe (fruit)._ 2. fig. attain the peak of per- peleka 1. take (to a particular place or person), fection. 3. look well/healthy. Cf. kipeo, pekecho (ma-) see upekecho. convey, transport. 2. send, transmit, deliver. paundi* (— ) see pauni. upeo; also pevua. - simu. telegraph, wire. 3. lead, conduct, pekee (-) see peke. escort. appL-caus. pelekeza. cause pauni*, paundi, [Engl. pound to send, poundi J (— ) 2pea rare sweep. (= fagia.) Cf. ^kipeo. have someone send something, pelekeza (unit of currency or weight). kidole. pekesheni* \_Engl.~\ 1. (-) inspection, inves- point with the finger. Cf. mpelekwa, 3pea (— ) rare rhinoceros. (= kifaru.) tigation, search, nyumbani kwake polisi upelekaji. pawa pi. of upawa.

walil'anya — . The police searched his house. 4pea appl. of pa. 2. v. investigate, search; eavesdrop. pelele (_) pelele paya, payapaya 1. chatter, talk nonsense. 2. (species of rabbit, hyrax).

divulge (a secret), blab. 3. rave, be deliri- adv. like pecha a cripple, enda — . limp, be peketa see pekecha. 2 ous, intr. payukapayuka, papayuka. pelele payuka, (_) pelele (disc inserted in the lip). lame. 1.: alishikwa na homa kali akapayuka. He peketeka intr. of pekecha. a fever was delirious. 2.: siku had high and peleleza 1. observe, examine (surreptitiously); peipu* (— ) see paipu. zote anapayuka ovyo. He always talks non- pry into/be curious about. 2. spy (out), re- peketekea intr.-appl. of pekecha. sense, caus. payusha. 1. loosen someone's connoiter. - siri. pry into secrets. Cf. mpelelezi, upelelezi. pele 434 pendekezo pendeleo 435

pendeleo (ma-) pelezi (ma-) blunt place, nick (in the edge pembejo (ma-) anat. thigh; (rare) hip. (us. mapendeleo) affection, pensili*, of penseli [Engl.'] (_) rare (lead) goodwill, attachment, a cutting tool). favor. Cf. penda. pencil. •(= kalamu.)

pembenne (— ) quadrilateral, rectangle. Cf.

, 2 i pendelevu adj. partial, biased, x pembe. prejudiced fin x pemba 1. get hold of (with a hook). - minazi. penu see -enu. favor of someone). Cf. penda. pull down coconuts. 2. knock off/down (with 2 pembetatu (-) triangle. Cf. pembe. a stick). 3. fig. trick, deceive, cheat. 4. 2 penu pi. of upenu. pendevu adj. kind, affectionate, friendly. Cf. fig., rare lick, taste (with the tongue). Cf. penda. upembo. pembizo (ma-) see pambizo. penya 1. penetrate, make one's way through/ into. - mwituni. make pene* (ma-) see peni. one's way through the pembo pi. of upembo. ~Femba Femba (an island near Zanzibar, forest. 2. fig. arouse desire/greed, ndizi

famous for its cloves). zimempenya. He is greedy penesilini* [Engl. sing, for bananas (lit.: pembua 1. sift, winnow. 2. sort out, cull, ] penicillin. Bananas penetrate into him), caus. penyeza, select, appl. pembulia. intr. pembuka. penyesha. penga put in (by force), force in; smuggle. ^pembe (— , ma-) 1. horn (of an animal or the 1. blow the nose. 2. puff, pant, breathe heavily, — fedha. force money on someone, bribe, substance), piga — . strike with the horns, penalti* [.Engl. J (— ) sport penalty kick. penyeza desturi (kawaida). introduce butt (cattle, goats, etc.; - kumba,). new customs/practices 2. elephant's tusk, ivory. 3. mus. horn. pengee (ma-) (also without considering those penda i. like, love, be fond of. 2. want, wish; kipengee, kipenge, ki- previously observed, 4. powder-horn/flask. 5. wing a build- pengere, kipengele, refl.-caus. jipenyeza. (of choose, prefer, upendavyo. as you like, kwa vi-) 1. side-path, byway, insinuate oneself, steal/slip in. ing, army). indirect route. 2. detour, Cf. penyenye, kupenda kwako. for your sake. intr. pendeka. bypass. 3. evasion, kipenyo, mpenyezi, excuse, subterfuge, mpenyezo, upenyaji. be likeable/popular, intr.-caus. pendekeza. maneno ya mapengee.

excuses. 4. fig. indiscretion, ^pembe (— ) 1. corner. — nne za chumba attract attention, re fl. -intr. -caus. jipende- escapade. penye (

angle, pembetatu. triangle. 3. corner-post; favor for, recommend, caus. pendeza. 1. penyenye (ma-) 1. rare (secret) passage, pengine adv. at another place, elsewhere; at means (fig.) prominent feature. 4.: — za mwaka. cause to like/love, be popular/attractive. of access. 2.: mapenyenye. secret another time, sometime; (us. red. matters/ seasons of the year. Cf. kipembe, upembe. 2. be refreshed/pleased. 3. appease, pengine pe- affairs. penya. ngine) sometimes. Cf. placate, ass. pendana. love each other. — na — . in any event, perhaps. Cf. ingine. pembea (rare bembea) 1. swing, rock, oscillate. ass.-paus. pendanisha. reconcile, make penyewe see -enyewe. appZ. pembelea. intr. pembeka. caus. pe- peace between. Cf. pendevu, pendelevu, pengo (-, ma-) 1. nick, notch, mbeza. pembeza mtoto. rock a child to kipendo, kipenzi, mapendano, mapendeleo, cut. 2. gap. penyezi see upenyaji. ana -. He is missing a tooth. 3. sleep. 2. (— ) swing, seesaw, trapeze, mapendezi, mpenda, mpendelevu, mpendevu, fig. flaw, defect. kiti cha — . rocking chair. mpendwa, mpenzi, pendekezo, pendeleo, penyo (ma-) augment, of kipenyo. penzi, upendaji, upendano, upendeleo, peni*, pene [Engl.l (ma-) penny, pembeja 1. persuade, cajole, talk someone upendelevu, upendezi, upendo, upendwa. penzi (ma-) (us. mapenzi) 1. love, favor, into something. 2. play the hypocrite, inclination. 2. desire, wish. penda. pendekezo (ma-) 1. wish, desire. 2. decision. penseli* [Engl.] (-) see Cf. flatter. pensili.

3. prescription. Cf. penda. peo pi. of upeo. pensheni* [Engl. ] (-) pension. . .

pepa 436 pesa peta 437 pia

pepa 1. swing, shake, wave, fan. 2. stagger, pepesuka caus.-intr. pepa. peta of 1. bend, curve. - uzi. bend a wire. _ petua inv. totter, reel. appl. pepea, bebea. swing/wave/ of lpeta. mguu. bend the leg. 2. turn/roll up. - nguo. shake something, pepea vitambaa. swing pepeta 1. cont. of pepa. 2. (— ): — za mpunga. tuck up a garment, fig. _ uso . wrinkle the cloths, fan. petuka inv.-intr. of lpeta. pepea moto. fan a fire, mvua pulverized grains of rice. Cf. pepa. brow, make a face. caus. petesha. bend inapepea. the rain beats/drives, double round, make a ring of something, ass. appl. pepelea. pepelea fulani pepetua cont.-inv. petulia inv.-appl. lpeta. chakula. cool of pepa. petana. of appl.-stat.-ass. petemana. be bent the food for someone (by fanning), double round, be formed into a ring, appl.-stat.- appl.-intr. peperuka (< pepeluka). flyaway, petusha inv.-caus. lpeta. Ipepo (—) 1. spirit. — mwema (mbaya). a good ass.-caus. of petemanisha. bend round, form be carrieu away, karatasi imepeperuka. the (evil) spirit, ingiwa/shikwa/pagawa na — into a ring/hoop, give a curve (to some- pevu paper is blown away (by the wind), double adj. full grown, mature, be possessed by a spirit, punga/toa — thing), caus. adult. Cf. pesa. wink, blink (the. P * py ; appl.-caus. peperusha. blow away, peperusha pevua, mpevu, upevu. exorcise a spirit, mvvenye — . one possessed cf. pepesa^. inv. petua. turn around/over, bendere ya... fly the flag of... caus. pepesa. by a spirit. 2. dwelling-place of spirits, upset, turn upside down, inv.-appl. petulia. pepesa macho, blink/squint the eyes, pevua 1. develop fully, mature, caus.- world of spirits, abode of the dead (spirits ripen. 2. over- mv.-intr. petuka. inv.-caus. petusha. Cf. stimulate, inv. (w. int. force), pepesua. cause to pervert, corrupt, of ancestors). 3. (also — za kesho or loc. pete intr. pevuka. be ipeto, kipete, kipeto, upeto. fully developed/mature; stagger/stumble. caus.-(inv.-)intr. pepesuka. peponi). the other world, the hereafter. — reach a climax/ culmination, ugonjwa 1. stagger, stumble, reel, lurch. 2. shake. ya leo. the present world, the world of the 9 wake sasa umepevuka. ^peta cont. of pepa. His illness has reached cont. pepeta (also peta). sift, winnow, living. 4.: — punda. evil spirit; (med.) its final stage /culmi- separate, = nation, caus. pevusha. cont.-inv. pepetua pepeta (cf. tetanus. Cf. pepa. 1. allow to ripen/ pete (-, ma-) = 1. ring, circle, hoop. coll. siku mature. also papatua^. inv. pepua pepeta. Cf. 2. corrupt, ruin. re/7, jipevua. put hizi wamekuwa chanda na -. They are now on airs, show off, pepe, pepeo, pepeta, *pepo, kipepeo, kipe- be conceited^ Cf. ^pepo pi. upepo. pevu, of like ring and finger (i.e., close friends). 2. mpevu, po, mpepea, mpepetaji, upepeo, upepezi, mpevushi, upevu; also !pea. hasp, staple (for securing a door). upepo. 3. hole peponi loc. see pepo. pierced in a woman's ears (for inserting pewa pass, of pa. earrings or ornaments), toga mapete. pierce pepe (ma-) empty /barren ear of grain. Cf. pepa. , v v v v ' B i r r ' pepua mv. of pepa. the ears. Cf. lpeta. pezi (ma-) fin (of a fish). pepelea double appl. of pepa. pera* \_PorUA (ma-) guava (fruit of the mpera ). petemana appl.-stat.-ass. of lpeta. pi interrog. 1. which? what? mtuyupi? Which person? kiti (augment, kipepeo) 1. (large) / \ < /_ , , . kipi? Which pepeo (ma-)v v ofi r r i n chair? 2. K " ' " perema (—) med. mumps. (- machumbwi- end. petemanisha etc.). 2. ventila- appl.-stat.-ass. -caus. lpeta. how? atafanyapi? How will fan (for fanning fires, fig. chumbwi.) of he do it? 3. (= wapi) tor. 3. zool. butterfly. 4. pi. of upepeo. where? to what place? unakwendapi? Ipeto pepa. (ma-) 1. bag, sack (made Where are you going? Cf. peremende*, perementi, paramende \_Engl.J of matting). 2.: mapeto. chains, (ma-) peppermint, hard candy. fetters. Cf. lpeta. peperuka double appl.-intr. of pepa. Ipia adv. 1. completely, totally, without excep- 2peto pi. of upeto. tion. 2. also, even. Ipesa* [Port. J (ma-) 1. arch. pice. 2.: mapesa. peperusha double appl-caus. of pepa. money, hana mapesa. He has no money. petroli* 2 [Engl (_) petrol, gasoline, mafuta Pia (-) 1. reel, J spool, spindle. 2. top (child's pepesa caus. of pepa. ya -. gasoline, fuel. toyJ. 3 . anat, - 2pesa caus. of lpeta. fig., ya goti/mguu. kneecap. kilegesambwa.) ( 4. fig.: anazunguka kama caus. -inv. pepa. - pepesua of P6lU 6tU - ^ - He is a^ays °" the move (lit.: like a top). picha 438 pima pimamaji 439 pindul

picha LEngl. J (-) 1. picture, drawing, andika pigo (ma-) 1. blow, stroke. - la ngoma. beat critically, form -. draw (a picture). 2. photograph, piga -. of a drum, mapigo moyo. an estimate, criticize. ya pulsebeat. pindamana stat.-ass. of pinda. nimeyapima photograph, maneno yake nimeyaona si take a snapshot. 2. hardship, misfortune, accident. Cf. piga. kweli. I have weighed his words and pindani adj. stubborn/obstinate/unyielding found that they are untrue, piga strike, hit, appl. pi i beat. used. w. a variety of pika 1. prepare food, cook. 2. boil. Cf. m a . Cf. pinda. kitu cha kupimia. measure. direct objects to form verbal expressions: mapishi, mpishi, Impiko, upishi. 3. (_) fathom, two yards, — mhuri. stamp. fa., C0 H toa macho ___ — chapa. print. — simu. pinde, pindi pi. of upinde, upindi. stare into space. Cf. pimamaji, kipima, telephone, telegraph. — taipu. type (= write piki (ma-) see ^pikipiki. kipimio, kipimo, with the typewriter). mpima, mpimo, upimaji. — muziki. play music. pindi (ma-, -) 1. bend, twist, curve, turn. — ngoma. beat the drum. — tarumbeta. blow lpikipiki, piki, pigipigi (ma-), kipiki, kipikipiki - ya mto. bend of a river. 2. (division •^mama;! ,.,-=,— the trumpet. — kengeie. ring a — piiimsiiarazi) (-) I. water bell. bu- or interval (vi-) stick used for knocking down fruit. of) time, time for something. level, stage. nduki. 2. water gauge. 3. shoot (a gun). — hema. pitch a tent. spirit za - mchana. the times (= divisions) of level. Cf. pima, — pasi. iron (clothes). — msumeno. saw maji. the day. _ ya chakula. lpikipiki (— ) onom. motorcycle. mealtime. _ za (wood). — burashi. brush. — mstari. draw a mti. annual pimasharazi rings (of a tree). 3. lapse, (- ) see pimamaji. line. — picha. draw (pictures), take photo- course, period piku* [.Port. J 1. cards win (a trick or the game). (of time), tutaonana - graphs. — stati. start (a car). — fundo. tie mwakani. We shall see each other 2. cheat (at cards). 3. coll. excel, surpass, pimo (ma-) see kipimo. again a knot. — sindano. vaccinate. — kelele. in the course of outdo (= shinda). ananishinda kwa masomo the year. 4. conj. (at yell, scream. — vita, wage a war. — mbio. the time) when; if, although, ya hesabu, lakini na mimi kwa la pinda supposing. somo jio- 1. twist, bend, curve. - uzi. twist run. — mbizi. dive. — kura. vote. a — hodi. Cf. pinda. grafia nimempiku. He did better than I did in thread, mstari uliopinda. curvefd line). ask admission, knock. — magoti. kneel. — mathematics but I beat him in geography. fold. 2. - upindo/mshono. turn down a fatiha. perform a ceremony. — makuu. put on 4. (ma-) cheating pindi see pinde. (at cards). seam (on a garment), ass. pindana. airs, be arrogant, red, pigapiga. whip (eggs, be folded/fitted together; (fig.) be tense/ etc.). appl. pigia. pigia kura. elect some- pilau*, bilau LPers.J pilau (boiled strained; (-) rice have a cramp; be stubborn, as- pindi, pinda (ma-) = kipinda. one, pigia simu. call someone up (on the with raisins and ghee). sert dogmatically, stat.-ass. pindamana. telephone), send a wire to someone, double be twisted together/entangled/gnarled; pindo (ma-) edge, border, hem. appl. pigilia. 1. strike in, drive home. Cf. pinda. Ipili num. two. —a — . second, ya —.secondly, (fig.) be convulsed, inv. pindua. pigilia msumari. drive a nail. 2. ram down, turn around, overturn, Pindu next, following, mara ya — . for the second reverse; change 1 (ma-) (sudden) turn, tamp. intr. pigika. caus, pigisha. ass. direction. somersault, time. pindua ukarasa wa kitabu. turn the cartwheel. 2. adv. upside pigana. strike each other, fight, ass. -appl. page of a down, kichwa -. book, pindua meli. change the course of a head over heels. Cf. pinda. pigania. fight for something. Cf. kipigi, ship, refl.-inv, jipindua. turn kipigo, mapigano, mpiga, mpigaji, mpiganaji, 2pili, piri (-) pili (kind of adder). around (of a person); change one's mind. pindua inv. of pinda. mpiganisho, mpigo, mpigwa, pigano, pigo, inv. -appl. pindul ia. intr. pinduka. be turned around, upigaji, upiganaji, upigano. pilipili* LPers, J (-) pepper. - manga (hoho). be pinduani changed, take a new direction, inv.-intr.- (ma-) 1. stubborn/determined black (red) pepper. Cf. kipilipili, mpilipili. per- appl. pindukia. climb over something son. 2. revolutionist, radical. pigano (ma-) (us. mapigano; also mpigano, mi-) Cf. pinda. (a wall, etc.). caus. pinduza. Cf. ki- fight, battle, engagement, skirmish; quarrel. pilka-pilka (— ) viewfinder (of a camera). pindi, kipindo, kipindupindu, mpindani, pinduka inv.-jntr. of pinda. Cf. piga. mpindanifu, mpindano, mpinduzi, pima 1. measure, weigh, test. — upana. measure pindani, pinduli lpindi, pindo, pindu, pinduani, pinduli, (ma-) something which pigipigi (ma-) see *pikipiki. the width. — viazi. weigh potatoes. — joto. produces a pinduo, pindupindu, mapindu, mapinduzi, change of direction/radical take a person's temperature. 2. •consider change/revolu- upindani, tion, upinde, upinduzi. cause of change. Cf. pinda. piramidi pofu pindulia 440 441

Piri (-) 2 see pi \ L pindulia inv.-appl. of pinda. pingani adj. wakati. pass/waste (of persons) obstructive, con- time. Cf. pito, ki- pito, trary, troublesome, difficult. Cf. pinga. mpita, mpito. pirikana be well developed/muscular. pinduo (ma-) 1. (radical, drastic) change,

transformation, alteration. 2. pol. revolu- pito (ma-) (augment, 1 pingili (ma-) augment, of kipito) (act, means of kipingili. pisha caus. of pita. of) passing, tion. Cf. pinda. passage. Cf. pita.

^pingili (— ) (augment, of kipingili) piece, pishi (— pishi (a pindupindu ) measure of capacity or plagi* [Engl.1 1. (— ) convulsion, fit, seizure. (-) 1. plug, stopper, bung. section (e.g., of sugarcane, between joints). weight: half a gallon, 6 lb.). 2. (electric) 2. adv. head over heels, anguka — . fall plug. nipe — tatu za mua. Give me three pieces down head over heels. Cf. pinda. of sugarcane. pisho (ma-) (act of) cauterizing (or the mark plau* [Engl. ] (_) pl ow . l ima kwa (na) _ left). to plow. pinga (& caus. pinza) 1. lock, fasten. pingo (ma-) (also mpingo, mi-) obstruction, — mlango. fasten a door (with a bar). barrier, bolt (on a door). Cf. pinga. pistola* (-) see bastola. pi en* [Engl 2. block, obstruct. — njia. block a road. .] /'. plain, simple, under- standable. 3. fig. oppose, counteract, check, frus-

pingu (— , ma-) 1. fetter, shackle; handcuff. piswa 1. speak confusedly /foolishly (like a trate, thwart. — nia ya fulani. thwart 2. a loop of rope used as an aid in climb- feeble-minded or senile person). 2. (ma-) po det.: pote, someone's plans. 4. fig. refute, revoke, popote. wherever, everywhere. ing trees. 3. a disc of wood (ebony) worn ~~ mapiswa. contradict. 5. fig. bet, lay a wager, ass. in the lobe the ear. of 4. a charm protect- poa pingana. thwart/contradict each other; 1. cool off, become cool, chai imepoa. ing against evil spirits. pinga. pita Cf. 1. go past, pass (by); go on, proceed. the tea has make a bet with each other; challenge/defy cooled. 2. recover (from an — mji. pass by a town, mto wapita. the illness), get each other, stat. pingama & stat.-ass. well, amepoa ugonjwa. He pingua (inv. of pinga) cut into pieces/lengths river flows past, mvvaka uliopita. the past has recovered pingamana. be opposed/in opposition to from the illness. 3. cool (e.g., sugarcane). Cf. kipingili. year. 2. go beyond, surpass, excel, ex- off, calm something, stat.-ass. -caus. pingamanisha down, hasira yake imepoa. His ceed; distinguish oneself; be better than... anger has calmed (w. int. force), deliberately obstruct/frus- down. appl. polea. caus. pingulia inv.-appl. pinga. of kitabu hiki ni kizuri kupita kile. This book poza. trate something, inv. pingua. remove, 1. cool something (off). 2. calm, is better than (lit.: surpasses) that one. console, nitakwenda carry away; unfasten (a door); cut open, kumpoza. I will go appl. pini (ma-) augment, of kipini. pitia. go past, pass by (something, to console him/calm cut up (fruit, wood), inv.-appl. pingulia. him down. 3. cure, someone), be forgotten, pass, pitiwa. for- heal. Cf. mapoza, Cf. pingamizi, pingani, pingo, pingu, ki- mpozi. get, nilipitiwa. 2 I have forgotten. I cannot pinga, kipingamizi, kipingili, kipingo, ki- pini* [Engl. ] (-) pin. recall/remember, double appl. pitilia pochi* [ind.p] pingwa, mpinga, mpingaji, mpinzani, (ma-) pochi (kind of bracelet), (w. int. force), nimepitiliwa. I have com- upingaji, upingamishi, upinzani. pinki* \_Engl. J adj. pink. pletely forgotten, appl.-ass. pitiana. be poda* [Engl.1 (-) powder. Cf. podea. in constant pinza caus. pinga. touch/association with each pingama stat. of pinga. of other, be on familiar terms (of social or podea* [EnglJ powder (a baby, etc.). refl. business pipa* tPort. barrel, relationships), caus. pisha, pi- jipodea. powder pingamizi (— ) impediment, obstacle; disturb- J (ma-) cask, water- oneself/one's face. tisha. 1. lead, guide, conduct; allow to Cf. poda. ance, interruption, difficulty, tunataka ku- container, tank. — la maji ya moto. hot- water tank. — pass, make room for. pitisha hewasafi. fanya amani lakini kuna — nyingi. We want la mafuta ya petroli. fuel tank. ventilate, pisha sheria. pass/promulgate podo (ma-) quiver, case for to make peace, but there are many difficul- arrows. a law. 2. miss, neglect; piramidi* \_Engl. J (ma-) pyramid. waste, pitisha ties. Cf. pinga. ^pofu adj. blind. Cf. pofua. - !

pokonya pofu 442 pole 443 pongezi

2 pofu (-) Impofu. pokea 1. accept, receive; obtain. - Pole, barua. polepole adj./adv. 1. calm, cautious, caus. receive a ponyesha. 1. letter. 2. take in, welcome (as careful, cause to flee/run slow, sema pole(pole)! Speak pofua damage, destroy, ruin. - away. 2. rescue, save. maeho. blind a guest), wametupokea vizuri. They have slowly, 3. heal, cure, (kwa) polepole. gradually. {lit.: destroy the eyes), appl, pofulia. given us a good mgonjwa ameponywa na mganga. reception. 3. acknowl- 2. mild, The sick gentle, kind. Cf. upole. intr. pofuka. caus. person was cured pofusha. Cf. pofu, edge, approve, admit; consent, agree. by the doctor, caus.-intr. ponyeka. kipofu, upofu. - maneno. acknowledge/admit words/ haiponyeki. It is incurable. pole inter j. 1. expressing sympathy/com- refl.-caus. jiponya. statements, appl. pokelea. appl.-caus. save oneself. Cf. ki- passion (on occasions of misfortune, ponya, pofuka intr. pofua. maponea, maponyea, of pokeleza. caus. pokeza. cause to re- mponyeshaji, troubles, illness, death). 2. Sorry! Excuse uponyi. ceive, hand out, issue, jana alitupokeza me pofulia appl. of pofua. mshahara. Yesterdav Yip Isenorl tU ,.,„ — ,, , — — „.j fi Ponda 1. pound, ram, tamp. to us. caus.-ass. pokezana & caus. -ass. - udongo. ram/ polea appl. of poa. pofusha caus. tamp clay. 2. pound to of pofua. caus. pokezanya. alternate/take turns pieces, grind, pul- verize. destroy, (at doing something), take/get something 3. overwhelm, annihilate. polisi* [EnglJ 1. ( ma _) a iso ( askari _) 4. fig. run over (w. a 1. (ma-) lopsidedness, irregularity, by turns, pokezana/pokezanya mizigo. vehicle), amepo- policeman. 2. (-) asymmetry, mapogo police force. ndwa na motokaa. He was ya macho, squinting. take turns carrying burdens, wafanya kazi run over by an 2. adv. sideways, automobile, appl. in a crooked/lopsided wanapokezana kazi kila saa nne. The pondea. pondea pili- pombe (_) pombe (an way. — intoxicating drink pre- pili kinuni. grind up pepper enda . limp, tazama — . squint, workers relieve each other on the job in a mortar. pared from millet, bananas, look and sugarcane). caus. ponza & caus.-appl. sideways. Cf. pogoa. every four hours. Cf. pokezi, kipokee, ponzea. 1. have something kipokeo, mpokea, upokeaji. pounded/ground. 2. ex- pombo (-, ma-) 1. (in gen.) the leaf of any pose someone pogoa, pokoa, pagua lop, prune (bushes, trees), to a danger, risk something. plant used as a vegetable. 2. pombo (a ametuponzea tukafungwa. cut off (branches), appl. pogolea. kisu pokelea appl. of pokea. He got us into a kind of vegetable gruel used to thicken dangerous situation, cha kupogolea. pruning knife, caus. po- and we were arrested. gravies). Cf. pondeo, pondo, kipondwe, gosha Cf. pogo, pogoo, upogo. pokeleza appl.-caus. of pokea. mponda, ^mpondo. pomboo (ma-) porpoise. pogoo (ma-) branch cut off a tree. Cf. pogoa. pokeo (ma-) see pokezi, mapokezi. pondeo (ma-) pondeo (wooden hammer/mallet used by pomoka = bomoka shoemakers). Cf. ponda. pointi* L Engl. J (-) point, dot. pokezana caus.-ass. of pokea. intr. of bomoa.

pondo ma ( -), mpondo (mi-), upondo pokezanya caus. -ass. -caus. pomoka see (-), pojo (— pojo (kind of pokea. poromoa. ) of bean, Phaseolus kipondo (vi-) naut. punting pole, boat- mungo). (= choroko.) hook. Cf. ponda. pokezi, pokeo (ma-) (us. mapokezi) pomoni adv. chock-full, crowded. 1. that which is received. 2. acceptance, pojo (— ) pojo (kind of vetch). pongea I. rare bring reception. something difficult to 3. fig. tradition, custom, pona 1. flee, run away (from danger). 2. be a conclusion. 2. rare recover usage. 4. superstition. rescued/saved. (from an . . , fig. 3. ,„ , Cf. pokea. make a living; live, poka (& inv. pokua) take away, appropriate illness), caus. pongeza. exist. congratulate 4. improve; get better (from an (by (someone force) snatch; rob, . steal, ass. pokana. i , , who has recovered pokoa mv. poka. illness), from an ill- of appl. ponea. 1. be saved by. steal from/rob each other, inv.-caus. (? ness). Cf. pongezi. ) live 2, off, be dependent for one's liveli- = pokonya poka. Cf. upokonyaji. . pokonya, , , mv.-caus. of poka. hood on something, caus. ponya & double pongezi (-, ma-) congratulations. Cf. pongea. 444 porojo poro|o 445 potea

pongono (ma-) quiver. lonely/abandoned, tangu ameondoka porojo (-) see poroja. posta* tu- [Engl.'] (-) post office (building mepooza. Since he is gone we feel aban- and services), tikiti ya -. postage stamp. pongoo pi. of upongoo. doned, caus. poromoa poozesha. cripple, muti- (& caus. poromosha, rare pomosha) kwa -. by mail, karani wa -. postal em- late, deform, paralyze. 4. (ma-) slide/roll down. intr. ployee, some- poromoka (rare po- nyumba ya -. post office (build- poni* \_Engl.~] 1. (= (-) pledge. rahani.) thing undeveloped/immature; moka, bpromoka). premature mjenzi ameporomoka ing), idara ya -. post-office department. vveka — . leave as a pledge, pawn. 2. v. birth. 5. adj. undeveloped, kwenye paa immature. la nyumba. The builder fell benki ya akiba kwa njia ya -. postal pledge, pawn. Cf. kipooza, upooza. off the roof of the house, mvua iliporomoka. savings bank. The rain poured down (e.g., in a cloudburst). pono (— ) pono (a kind of sluggish fish that popo (ma-) 1. zool. bat. 2. rare (us. ki- Cf. poromoko. pota (rare popota) twist. - uzi. twist/ lives among coral), prov. mtu huyu ana popo) butterfly, moth. -....._ ....w Utl . — ,„ lf;„u. tiuss me legs. usingizi — . kama This man sleeps like a poromoko (us. maporomoko) (ma-) 1. steep inv. potoa, popotoa. 1. = pota. pono. popoa knock fruit off a tree with a slope, stick/ precipice. 2. fall, crash, maporo- 2. ruin, spoil (work); distort, pervert.

stone, appl, popolea. 2 . moko ya mvua. Cf. m p p 00 cloudburst, maporomoko ya potoa maneno. pervert words, refl.-inv. ponoa 1. pull/strip off (the bark from a tree, maji. waterfall, maporomoko ya mto. cat- jipotoa. ruin oneself (by drinking, im- etc.). 2. wipe off (the hands), appl. po- popoo* iPers.] (rare bobo) (-) areca/ aract. 3. landslide, moral avalanche. Cf. po- conduct), inv.-appl. potolea. inv.- nolea. betel nut. Cf. Impopoo. romoa. intr. potoka. 1. be twisted/crooked.

2. fig. be perverse/eccentric/whimsical. ponta* Port. (— ) back stitch, L J quilting popota see pota. portangi* 3. [indj (-) (paper) kite. (= tiara.) fig. be stubborn/obstinate, inv.-caus. seam. potosha. distort; pervert, lead astray, popote see po. posa 1. ask to marry (a girl), propose; woo, spoil. Cf. potea, potoe, mpoto, mpotoe, ponya caus. of pona. be a suitor, appl. posea. mali ya kuposea. upote, upotovu. popotoa inv. of pota. money for wedding preparations, ass. po- ponyeka caus.-intr. of pona. sana. reach an agreement on a marriage. *pote see —ote. Ipora (ma-) young cock/rooster. 2. (-) see poso. Cf. maposo, mposaji, ponyesha double caus. of pona. mposeaji, mposo. 9 -*pote pi. of upote. 9 pora coll. snatch (at something), mwivi ponyoka slip away, escape (unexpectedly, in- posha amempora mfuko wake. The thief support, maintain, provide with food. potea (appl. of pota) 1. disappear, advertently). — maneno. make a slip of be/get snatched her purse. appl. poshea. caus. posheza. posho. Cf. lost. — njia. lose one's way. — the tongue, say the wrong thing. akili. lose one's head/senses, become excited/ posho ma-) pori* (ma-) wilderness, uninhabited region (-, 1. daily rations (e.g., of confused. — maneno. say the ponza caus. of ponda. wrong corn meal, issued to workers (without trees). on plantations). thing, make a slip of the tongue. 2. be 2. (in gen.) maintenance, support; means of mistaken, be in the wrong. pooza 1. be incompletely developed, tunda 3. perish, be subsistence, livelihood. poroja, porojo 1, (— porridge, gruel; mix- Cf. posha. ) a ruined, appl. potelea. pass, hili limepooza. This fruit is unripe. 2. be potewa. ture of a watery consistency. 2. v. be incur/suffer a loss, amepotewa na mapesa paralyzed/crippled; (fig,.) be impotent. poso, pasty /watery. posa (-) (also uposo, uposa) 1. suit, yake. He has lost his money, mkono umepooza. the arm is paralyzed/ caus. po- proposal of marriage, peleka -. send a teza. 1. lose. 2. throw away. crippled, mwenye kupooza. a cripple; 3. ruin/ proposal of marriage (from the parents ^porojo (ma-) 1. small of talk, chitchat, idle/ corrupt/abuse someone, ass. poteana. (fig.) an impotent man. 3. fig. feel the man to the parents of the girl). 2. wed- empty talk. 2. pol. propaganda. lose each other, be separated/scattered. ding preparations. 3. wedding present. Cf. potevu, mpotevu, upotevu. Cf. posa. potevu 446 pukuchulia

pukupuku 447 pumbo

potevu adj. 1. lost, strayed. 2. destructive. 2 pua* [Pers.^l (-) (us. chumacha-)

3. disastrous, ruinous. 4. wasteful, extrav- tempered iron, steel, tia — . harden, temper. pukupuku see kipukupuku. puliza (rare puza) 1. blow, blow up, agant. Cf. potea, mpotevu, upotevu. in- flate. - mpira. inflate a ball. 2. blow/ uQ pua see puna. pukusa caus. fan of pukuta. fa fire), appl. pulizia, (rare) puzia. potoa inv. of pota. intr. pulizika. 4 pua see pura. pukusa (-) pukusa potoe, potovu 1. adj. bent, crooked, askew; (kind of banana). Cf. puluki* (_) see puleki. deformed, distorted; ruined, depraved, de- kuta

puchari*, buchari L Ind. (— ) large knife. moralized; stubborn, eccentric. 2. rare _J pululu (ma-) wilderness, pukuso (ma-) gift, desolate/uninhabited (— ) obstinacy, wilfulness, caprice. Cf. present (on festive occa- |JU|UO sions) pota. Cf. pukuta.

puma beat, pugi (— ) ornith. wood dove (Turtur afer). pukuta, pulse (of the heart). Cf. pumua. potoka inv. -intr. of pota. pukucha shake off (water), shake down (fruit, etc.), strip off. _ mahindi. strip off pugikikombe (— ) ornith. tambourine dove the grains pumba potolea inv.-appl. of pota. (from an ear of maize), intr. pu- (_, ma-) 1. lump; (small) ball, (Tympanistria tympanistria). kutika. bundle. fall off (in great numbers, like 2. chaff. 3. med. excretion leaves), (under the potosha inv.-caus. of pota. fig. watu walipukutika. People foreskin). pujua, puchua 1. scratch, scrape. 2. pull/ have fallen like flies (as victims of an epi- strip peel a off. — embe. mango. — mu- demic), caus. 2 potovu see potoe. pukutisha. 1. crumble some- pumba (-, ma-) see bumba. Hindi, strip off the grains of an ear of thing. 2. let fall, allow to drip, pukutisha maize. 3. rare skin, flay. chuna. Cf. jasho. drip with sweat, caus. poundi* (— ) see pauni. pukusa. pumbaa 1. be speechless (from astonishment); 4. separate grain from the chaff, appl, 1. shake off/down, pukusa gape, mwembe mzima. stare, be nonplussed. 2. be dull-witted/ pujulia. intr. pujuka. pass, pujuliwa. shake down the fruit of povu (ma-) bubble; lather, foam, froth; scum; the mango tree. stupid/ignorant. 3. be careless/thought- refl. jipujua. 1. scratch oneself. 2. fig. 2. fig. pour out, hand out (presents); effervescence, fanya — . foam, bubble, ef- con- less/absentminded/lazy. _ kazi. do one's undress, strip. 3. expose oneself, fig. gratulate, inv. = fervesce. pukutua, pukuchua pu- work carelessly/in a slipshod fashion; be shameless/immodest. pujufu, mpu- Cf. kuta. Cf. 2pu kusa, pukuso, pukute, kipuku, (fig.) take it easy, amuse oneself, caus. jufu. ikipukusa, poza caus. of poa. 2kjpukusa, m pukuti. pumbaza. 1. render someone speechless,

embarrass/nonplus someone. 2. delude pujufu, pujuzi adj. shameless, immodest; predi- pukute (—): wali wa — or — ya wali. rice someone, prediketo* LEngl.l (-) rare, gramm. make a fool of someone, refl.- wasteful. Cf. pujua, cooked in such a way cate. that the grains are caus. jipumbaza. feign stupidity, caus.- separate. Cf. pukuta. intr. pumbazika. be deluded/deceived/ pujuzi adj. see pujufu. cheated. Cf. pumbavu, mpumbavu, Ipua (— ) 1. nose, piga — . snort; blow the upu- puleki*, puluki [Pers.?] (-) 1. tinsel, mbavu. nose, tundu la — , mwanzi wa — . nostril. puku (— ) field mouse/rat. spangle, trinket. 2. pinchbeck, sham, sema puani or sema na -. talk through the shoddy. pumbavu adj. dull-witted, stupid, foolish, nose, nasalize. 2. sense of smell. pukuchua, pukutua inv. of pukuta. ignorant. Cf. pumbaa, mpumbavu, upu- 3. nozzle, spout. Cf. kip.ua. pulika rare listen, obey. caus. & int. puli- mbavu. pukuchulia dehydrate (foods). Cf. pukuta. kiza. ass. pulikana.

pumbo (ma-) see pumbu. .

punga punga purukusha pumbu 448 449

abate, inv. -caus. punguza. make less, re- punje (ma-) (single) grain wheat, pumbu, pumbo (ma-) 1. anat. scrotum. 2. (us. pumzikio (ma-) see pumziko. (of maize, duce, shorten, lower (prices). Cf. pungufu, etc.). mapumbu) testicle. 3. med. disease of punguani, kipunguo, kipunguzi, mpungufu, the scrotum (orchitis, hernia, etc.). Cf. pumziko, pumzikio (ma-) 1. rest, relaxation. upungufu. punju, punyu (-) ethn. punju (a kipumbu. 2. place/time for rest/relaxation/recrea- medicine for snakebite). tion, holiday resort. 3.: mapumziko. va-

= cation. "'punga pi. of upunga. pumu (ma-) 1. anat. lung ( pafu, buhnmu). Cf. pumua. punua inv. of puna. 2. med. difficulty in breathing, asthma. pumzisha double caus. pumua. Cf. pumua. of Ipungu (— ) pungu (species of eagle). punyeto sing, masturbation. Cf. puna. pumua (inv. of puma?) 1. breathe. 2. take a puna, pua 1. scrape /strip off. — magnme ya "pungu, pungo (— pungu (a large sea fish). ) punyu (-) see punju. deep breath, catch one's breath (after strenu- mti. strip the bark off a tree. 2. wipe off (sweat the face, etc.). caus. punisha. ous effort), sasa naweza kupumua. Now I from ^pungua = (— ) pungua (kind of drum). puo (ma-) see puzo. can catch my breath /take a rest. caus. pu- inv. punua puna. Cf. mapune, punyeto.

muza. caus.-intr. pumzika (< pumuzika). pupa sing, eagerness, zeal, ^pungua inv. of 2pUn a , avidity; haste, 1. take a rest. 2. be pensioned off, retire. punda (— ) ass, donkey. — kihongwe. pack g hurry, fanya - ya... be eager/in a hurry caus.-intr.-appl. pumzikia. mahali pa ku- donkey [in contr. w. — Maskati. riding to do something. kipupa. — . punguani (ma-) 1. feebleminded Cf. pumzikia. resting place, double caus. donkey). — milia. zebra, pepo med. person,

tetanus, lockjaw. idiot. 2. half-breed. Cf. 2pun a , pumzisha. allow someone to rest, give g pura, pua, purura 1. strike, beat, pound. someone peace; (fig.) calm/soothe someone. - nguo. wash/pound punde adv. a little; soon, in a little while. pungufu 1. adj. reduced, shortened; wanting, clothes. 2. knock Cf. pumu, pumzi, pumziko, kipumziko, ma- down tulikuwa tunamngoja, na— akaja. We defective, imperfect, incomplete; on the (fruit from a tree with a stick or stone). pumziko. 3. strip waited for him, and he soon came. — si — wane, mwezi mpungufu. an incomplete off (grains of corn, etc.), shell

(peas, beans). 4. thresh (grain), in a moment, directly. — kwa — . little by month (of 29 days), pesa hizi ni — . It is intr. pu- pumuza caus. of pumua. rurika (rare purika). little, gradually. not the right amount of money (i.e., is too 5. re/7, jipura. mas- turbate. little). 2. (ma-) rare deficiency, defect. 6. ass. purana. fight; have sex- pumuzi (— ) see pumzi. ual intercourse. Cf. 2p un jr at mpungufu, upungufu. Cf. mpururo. punga 1. swing, wave; fan. — mikono.

pumuzika caus.-intr. of pumua. swing the arms, give a signal. 2. fig. pure* DW.J (-) pure (a dish of maize and drive away (by waving the arms, gesticu- punguka inv.-intr. of 2 punga. beans). lating). — pepo. exorcise a spirit. 3. fig.: pumzi, pumuzi (— ) {also upumuo, upumzi punguo (ma-) see upungufo. sing.) 1. breath, breathing, pandisha — upepo/hewa. get a change of air, take a purendi* [Engl.'] (ma-) see mapurendi. trip recreation). pungwa. (vuta) — . breathe in, inhale, toa (shusha) (for Cf. punguza inv.-caus. of 2p un ga . — . breathe out, exhale, hewa ya — . oxy- purukusa see purukusha. gen. 2. rest, break, fanya kazi kutwa bila 'punga decrease, diminish, let up; shorten pungwa (— ) ethn. pungwa (a ceremony/dance — . work the entire day without a break. (a dress, etc.). jua limepunga. the heat of purukusha (rare for exorcising a spirit). Cf. Upunga. purukusa) behave carelessly/ Cf. pumua. the sun is decreasing (toward sunset), inv. frivolously. - tnaneno (sikio). talk (listen) pungua. decrease, diminish (in quantity), punja deceive, cheat, swindle, alinipunja heedlessly/inattentively, reft, jipurukusha. pum zika caus.-intr. of pumua. inv.-intr. punguka. grow less, diminish, be ratli nzima. He cheated me by a whole frivolous/superficial/inattentive. Cf. pu- rukushani, pound. Cf. kipunjo. mpurukushani, upurukushaji. !

pweteka purukushani 450 rafardha 451

purukushani (ma-) carelessness, superfici- 1. fig. have a dry throat, sauti imempwea. Ipweza (— ) cuttlefish, squid, prov. mimi si pya adj. new, fresh; modern, up-to-date. ality, frivolity, negligence, contempt, kwa He has a hoarse voice. 2. naut. run — kujipalia makaa. I will not get myself in- Cf. upya.

— . carelessly, negligently, fanya — . act aground, be stranded, appl.-pass. pwelewa. to difficulties (i.e., I will not contribute to carelessly/negligently, dereva ameiendesha amepwelewa. fig. He had no arguments my own discomfiture, like the cuttlefish, pyagu, pyaguzi, pwagu, pwaguzi (— ) thief. motokaa kwa—. The driver drove the car left (i.e., had to be satisfied), caus. prov. pyagu na pyaguzi wamekutana. which, when roasted on the fire, spasmodi- negligently. Cf. purukusha. pwesha, pweza. allow to dry up (a sore), A clever thief and a still more clever one cally pulls coals onto its own body). — mku- double appl.-caus. pweleza. naut. run met each other. bwa. octopus, kiti cha — . starfish. purupuru adj. gay, playful. aground, strand (a ship). Cf. pwani, kipwa,

mapwa, makupwa. pyora 1. boast, exaggerate, lie. 2. use purura see pura. pweza caus. of pwa. obscene language. Cf. pvoro. pwaga pound, grind, mpunga kinuni. grind pururika intr. of pura. rice in a mortar. pyoro, pyororo adj. 1. boastful, deceitful. pwita beat, throb, pulsate. 2. obscene. Cf. pyora, mapyoro, mpyoro.

pwagu (— ) see pyagu. pusa gradually cease, abate, let up. mvua

imepusa. The rain haslet up.

pwaguzi (— ) see pyagu.

^pusa (ma-) augment, of kipusa. pwaju (— ) ornith. nightjar. puta, buta beat, whip. — zulia. beat a rug. pwani (— ) coast (land), littoral. — nabara.

coast and interior, panda—, run aground, puuza see 2pUZ£u be stranded. Cf. pwa. rabi* (— ) rel. master, lord (used by Moslems faction, approval, blessing, mpango huu

in reference to God (creator) and by Chris- mimi si — nao. This arrangement does not puza see puliza. pwata see pweteka. tians in reference to Christ (savior); meet with my approval, amekosa — ya baba

= Bwana wangu, Mungu wangu). yake. He has been disowned by his father

puza, puuza talk nonsense; be silly/foolish. pwaya hang loose, dangle, be loose, koti (does not have his father's blessing).

— kazi. do one's work in a foolish way. hili linampwaya. This coat/suit is too big rabishi* 1. throw into confusion, disarrange. 3. adj. satisfied, approving, willing. = intr. puzika puza. caus. puzisha. con- for him. 2. confuse, nonplus, distract (a person), 4. v. (also ridhi, taradhia) forgive, par-

fuse/bewilder someone (with nonsensical appl. rabishia. bungle/make a mess of don; satisfy, kumradhi! Pardon me! Cf.

talk). Cf. puzo, kipuzi, mpuzi, upuzi. pwea appl. of pwa. something, intr. rabishika. be in disorder/ ridhi.

confusion. Cf. rabsha.

puzia appl. of puliza. pweke see peke. radi* (— ) (clap of) thunder, lightning.

rabsha* (— ) 1. disorder, confusion. 2. noise, (- mngurumo, umeme.) — imepiga. It is appl.-caus. pwa. puzo, puo (ma-) nonsense; stupid/inept pweleza double of tumult. Cf. rabishi. thundering, pigwa na — . be struck by

speech/behavior. Cf. •'puza. lightning.

pwesha caus. of pwa. rada* (— ) retribution, punishment. Cf. rudi.

radio* ) pwa become dry, dry up. maji yamekupwa. The LEngl. J (— see redio.

water has dried up. maji ya kupwa. ebb pweteka: jipweteka or jipweteka pwata. radhi* 1. forgiveness, pardon, niwie —

rafardha* [?J (— ) naut., av. (ship's) screw, appl. pwelea. in a sitting position. tide. appl. pwea & double throw oneself down Pardon me! taka — . beg pardon. 2. satis- propeller. (- majembe.) afiki 452 ra|amu rajua 453 rands

rafiki* (-) friend, comrade. Cf. kirafiki, rahisisha. cheapen, make cheaper, tajii rajua* change one's mind, be undecided; ramba* [ind.] urafiki. hakurahisisha bei ya ramba (shoemaker's knife). bidhaa. The shop- postpone, delay. keeper has not reduced the prices of the 3ramba see *rafu* (— ) drawer, shelf. goods, prov. rahisi inavunja upishi. lamba. -rajua* (_) hope, wa na -. to hope, have 'Cheap' spoils cookery. Cf. urahisi. hopes. rambaza naut. cruise around (in search A-afu* I Engl. ] adj. rough, (sport) not fair. of rahisisha* caus. of rahisi. fish). timu ya K. ilicheza — sana. The team from raka* (ma-) augment, of kiraka. K. played very unfairly. rambirambi* {-) {also mbirambi) words of *rai*, rairai flatter, play the hypocrite. rakaa* (_) hi. bow (with the hands on the condolence. _ zako. My sincere pass, raiwa. intr. raika. urai. condo- ra^ai*. rap-hai spp lawhai. Cf. cr.ccs, ,*un.u£ piuycr). enda -. to make lence. such a bow. rago (ma-) camp, piga — . pitch camp. -rai* rare give someone something to eat, rambitia, lambitia see lamba. Cf. kirago. feed someone. rakibisha* caus. of Rakibu.

ramia* (_) mil. bullet, round (of ammunition). raha* (— ) rest, peace, quiet; comfort, con- rai* ) rakibu*, 2 (— 1. opinion, point of view, stand- rekibu, rekebu mount, ride on (a (- kiasi, risasi.) tentment; enjoyment, entertainment; happi- point, msimtume huyu kwenye mkutano horse, etc.). appl. rakibia. intr. rakibika. ness, ona — . find peace/contentment, kaa maana hana — . Don't send him to the as- caus. ramisi* rakibisha, rekibisha. 1. cause to LPers.'] amuse/enjoy oneself. — mustarehe. be in very good circumstan- sembly, for he has no opinion (of his own). mount/ride; put on top of. 2. put together, Cf. ramsa. ces. Cf. starehe, starehevu, mustarehe. kwa — ya... in the opinion of... 2. pro- assemble, finish; organize, simplify. 3. be posal, suggestion, advice. directed ramli* ramli toward..., be headed for... ndege (-) (telling fortunes from mark- i* (-) see ramani. ings ilirakibishwa kuelekea Nairobi. The air- on sand), piga-. tell fortunes,

4 plane is headed mpiga fortune-teller. rai* (— ) 1. health, vigor. 2. self-assurance. for Nairobi. 4. rare mend, — - yake inaona rahani*, rehani pledge, loan, (— ) mortgage. (haioni). repair. 5. rare set (a watch or clock). His prophecy came true (did not

weka/tia — . mortgage, pawn, weka nyumba caus. -intr. rakibishika. 2 come true). raia* (ma-, — ) citizen (of a country), subject, Cf. ra |< i DUi rgkg.

— . house, — . mortgage a komboa redeem bisho, tarakibu, national Cf. kiraia, uraia. urekebisho; also merikebu. a pledge, pay off a mortgage. ramsa* Oers. ] (_) a place where people 2 are entertaining rairai* see J-rai. themselves (at a fair, etc.). rakibu (-) good rider. Cf. Rakibu. adj. the Merciful = God). re- rahimu* ( Cf. Cf. ramisi. hema, rehemu. rais*, mrajis (— , ma-) chairman, president. ramadhani* (-) 1. Ramadhan (the last month ^ramu* of the Muhammadan year, a month of fasting (-) sorrow, grief. rahisi* 1. adj. cheap, bidhaa — . cheap raiti* lEngl. J sing. /adj., sport right. between dawn and sunset). 2. pr. n. masc. goods. 2. easy, simple, kazi — . easy (= kuume.) insaidi wa — . inside right 2 = ramu* L?] buildinglot. (= kiwanja.) work, lugha — an easy language ( one (football). ramani*, rahamani (— ) 1. sketch, diagram,

easy to learn), njia — . a simple method. plan, drawing. 2. map. kitabu cha -. ramuka attack (each other). (= shambulia.) 3. cheap; lessen, reduce f the value v. be rajabu*, rajab ) 1. seventh (— month of the atlas. of something), debase; scorn, belittle, de- Muhammadan year. 2. pr. n., masc. randa, randaranda 1. precate, intr. rahisika. bei zimerahisika. dance (a dance sym- *ramba* {.Malagasy lamba] (-) ramba (a reduced, caus. bolizing courage or strength). 2. The prices have been rajamu* (— ) rare mark, stamp (of a business fig. kind of striped cloth made of finely plaited boast, show off, act big. firm), trademark. (= ^chapa.) grass). 454 455

rasi*, ras (— ) 1. cape, promontory. reale*, riale, riali ^randa*, landa [Ar.-Span.] (-) liter. rejareja* adj.: [Pers. J (— ) (carpenter's) 1. biashara ya -. retail 2. leader, chief. riyal, piaster, dollar. - ya mzinga. plane, piga — . to plane. trade, commission business. 2. adv. by/ Spanish dollar. - ya Sham. Maria Theresa on commission, biashara yake ni ya -. He rasilimali* (— ) see rasilmali. dollar. is ''randa see Manda. in the retail business. Cf. rejea.

rasilmali*, rasilimali, raslimali (— ) 1. econ. redio*. radio [Engl.] (-) radio. randaranda see Iranda. rejea* 1. return, go back, begin again. capital, assets, principal. 2. (in gen.) - nyuma. retreat. 2. refer to (something). property, wealth. ree*, re [Port.] (ma-) cards ace. - sarufi. refer to rangi* [ind.J (— ) color, pigment, dye. tia the grammar, intr. re- jeka. caus. rejesha, rejeza. (paka) — . color, paint, geuka— . change take/give rasimu* 1. set a refarii* price; make an opening bid referii, rifarii, rifirii [Engl.] (-) back: rnrrer'f cnmo/j^e, „~..~ _ i L-uiuio — nyeKUiiuu v'lyeusi/. icu vuiauR.; (at an auction). 2. rare copy, imitate. sport referee. rejesheana, rejezeana. pigment/dye. enye — . colored, enye rejesheana fedha. 3. (— ) design, plan, drawing. pay back money to each other. rangirangi. varicolored, —a — . colored. Cf. reja- refu adj. long, tall; high, deep, mti mrefu. reja, rejeo, nyeupe ao ya — ? White or colored? mrejaa. rasisi* plate with tin. appZ. rasisia. intr. a tall tree, kisima kirefu. a deep well. ubaguzi wa — . racial discrimination. rasisika. caus. rasisisha. Cf. risasi, kisu kirefu. a long knife, muda mrefu. rejeo* (ma-) (us. marejeo) return, baada a marisaa. long period of time. Cf. refusha, marefu, ya marejeo yake. after his return. ranki* [Engl. J (—) rank. Cf. urefu. rejea.

raslimali* (— ) see rasilmali. rarua tear, rip (to pieces), appl. rarulia. intr. refusha make long, lengthen, extend. - rejesheana* caus.-appl.-ass. raruka. kitambaa hiki hakiraruki. This of rejea. rasmi* adj. official, legal; formal, fanya mstari. extend a line. Cf. refu. cloth will not rip. ass. raruana. fig. abuse karamu — . give an official reception, rejeza* caus. of rejea. each other, speak ill of each other. Cf. nguo za — . uniform. rega see lega. raruo, mrarua, mraruo. rejista* [Engl.] (-) registered letter. rasuli* (— , ma-) prophet, apostle, messenger. rehani* (-) see rahani. rarulia appl. of rarua. rekabisho* (ma-) see rekebisho. ratibu*, ratibisha put in order, coordinate. rehe* (-) see riahi. raruo (ma-) 1. tear, rip. 2. fig. rage, fury. appl. ratibia. intr. ratibika. Cf. taratibu. rekebisha* caus. of Irakibu. Cf. rarua. rehema* (_) 1. pity, mercy; sympathy, com-

ratili* (— ) see ratli. passion; generosity, magnanimity. 2. rel. rekebisho*, rekabisho (ma-) 1. repair. ras* (— ) see rasi. indulgence. Cf. raliimu, rehemu, mare- 2. organization. Cf. Irakibu. ratili ) ratli (a 1 lb., ratli*, (— unit of weight, hemu; also huruma ('?), rasha*, rasharasha 1. smear/daub on, paint, 450 g). rekebu*, rekibu see ^rakibu. whitewash. 2. do something carelessly/ rehemu* take pity on, show mercy to, feel rashia. 1. daub on superficially, appl. raufu* adj. gentle, well-bred. Cf. uraufu. sympathy for. app^. rehemia. intr. re- rekodi* (-) see rikodi. something. 3. sprinkle, rashia maji. hemika. caus. rehemisha. please someone sprinkle with water. Cf. marasharasha, rauka, lauka see Iavva. with reli* something, make someone apresent of [Engl.] (-) railway, railroad, njia marashi, mrasharasha, mrashi, urasharasha. something. Cf. rehema. ya -. railroad line, idara ya -. railroad rausi* naut. trim sail. company. rasharasha* 1. = rasha. 2. (ma-) drizzle

(of rain). re* (ma-) see ree. .

456 riksha 457 robota

relwe* [Engl. J (— ) railway. riba* (rare iriba) (— ) 1. usury. 2. avarice, rima (ma-) pit trap (for animals). greed (for money), la — . practice usury. risavu*, rizavu LEngl.l 1. (_) reserve, remba make beautiful/handsome/attractive, — . usurer. supply; mla (tribal) reservation. 2. (ma-) rimbua see limbiia. decorate, ornament, appl. rembea. intr. sport reserve player.

rembeka. caus. rembesha. inv. rembua. ridhaa* (— ) satisfaction; agreement, approval. rimende* (-) see destroy the beauty of something, disfigure, rumande. rishai* Cf. ridhi. 1. be wet/damp/moist. 2. exude ruin, inv.-appl. rembulia. inv.-intr. re- (moisture, perspiration). Cf. warishai. rinda see marinda. mbuka. inv.-caus. rembusha. Cf. rembo, ridhi* be satisfied/pleased, appl. ridhia.

kirembo, mrembo, urembo. 1. please someone. 2. accept, intr. ri- risiti* I Engl. J (-) receipt. rindima dhika. caus. ridhisha. please, satisfy. 1. roar, rumble, boom (of thunder, rembo (ma-) ornament, design, pattern. Cf. ass. ridhiana. patano ia kuridhiana. com- "ni- sixiKe, nit. ritaai- i. deviate, swerve (from one's prin- Cf. rindimo. remba. promise. Cf. radhi, ridhaa, maridhawa, ciples, etc.), backslide. 2. rel. aposta-

maridhia, taradhia, uradhi. cize. Cf. rudi. rindimo (ma-) roaring, rembua inv. of remba. thundering. Cf. ri- ndima. rifarii*, rifirii [Engl.] (— ) see refarii. ritani* [EnglJ (-) return, profit, income. rembulia inv.-appl. of remba. rmga 1. act important, put rifrijireta* [Engl. ) refrigerator. on airs, swagger. rithi* J (— inherit, fall heir to. - mali nyingi. 2. irritate, provoke. 3. set one's cap for inherit renga fool, hoax, cheat, pass, rengwa. a great deal ofproperty. appl. someone, Cf. maringo. riha* (— ) odor, fragrance, aroma. rithia. caus. rithisha. 1. leave, be- marengu) naut. outrigger. queath rengu (ma-) (us. something. 2. divide up the prop- rinksho* see riksha. rihani* (— ) hot. basil. erty of a deceased person. Cf. mirathi,

Reno* [Port, reinoj adj. Portuguese. Cf. mrithi, mrithisha, uritlii, warithi. ripea* I EnglJ (_) repair. Kireno, Mreno, Ureno. rihi* (— ) see riahi.

riza*, liza (-) door chain.

ripota* [Engl.j -) resheni* [Engl. J (—) ration, portion, helping. rijali* (— ) rare, liter, man. ( ma reporter.

nzavu* (_, ma -) see risavu. ripoti* lEngl.l 1. (_) resipi* [Engl. J (—) prescription. rika (ma-) ethn. contemporary, member of report, information.

the same age-group, hawa ni marika. They 2. v. report, inform. riziki* (_) means of subsistence, food, are of the same age. nourishment, rewa (— ) rewa (signal drum). tangu asubihi hajapata -. ripuka see lipuka. He has had nothing to eat since morning.

rezolusheni* \_Engl. J resolution, pitisha — rikebu* (— ) see merikebu. Cf. ruzuku. risaia* (-) 1. message. adopt a resolution. 2. summary (of a speech, etc.), epitome, rikodi*, rekodi [Engl. \ 1. (— ) (phonograph) pre'eis. 3. rare robo* (-) 1. fourth, quarter, kasa -. three letter. record; tape(-recorder); (sport) record, quarters, riahi*, rihi, rehe (— ) bloating, flatulence. saa mbili kasa -. 7:45 o'clock.

weka — . set/establish a record. 2. v. 2. (also roboo) coll. one shilling. risasi*, a (tape) recording. lisasi (-) 1. solder (tin, lead). riale*, riali (— ) see reale. record, make tia -. to tin-plate. 2. bullet, tia -. robota* (ma-) bundle, bale. _ | a pamba. 2 load a rifle. Cf. kiasi, rasisi, riaria* rare hunt for; watch, observe. riksha* [jap.-Engl.J (—) rickshaw. marisaa. a bale of cotton. .

jfani 459 rungu robu 458

Wani* (-) jur. appeal, taka rukhsa* (-) see ruhusa. robu* (— ): maziwa ya — . curdled milk, curds. ropoka, lopoka talk nonsense, speak without (chukua) -. appeal thinking, appl. ropokea. caus. ropokesha. (a case), batilisha -. dismiss an ruko (ma-) appeal, kubali -. allow 1. jump, hop. 2. fig. transgres- roda* L Port. J (— ) (sheave of a) pulley, an appeal. sion, trespass. roshani* LPers.] balcony, veranda. 3. fig. omission. Cf. ruka. 2 rodi*, lodi \_Engl. lord J (_ ) 1. pompous/ rufani* (-) see rufaa. rukudhu* 1. lose one's way; arrogant person; talebearer. 2. monocle. ruba (ma-), mruba (mi-) leech; usurer. enter without (fig.) t authorization, trespass. 2. fig. insult rufuku* 1. rare forbid, prohibit; deter. someone. roga see loga. rubani* (ma-) 1. naut. pilot, helmsman. (= kataza.) appl. rufukia. caus. rufukisha 2. av. pilot. 3. leader, director. — la 2. (ma-) see marufuku. -— -l. -:- i - j - riikiin* /.«/. bow with thehar.dcT iL ~ ' rogoa, iogoa inv. of ioga. k- va c c (in prayer). rugaruga (wa-) see mrugaruga. roho* (— ) 1. soul, spirit, life. — Mtakatifu. rubuni* deceive, cheat, lead astray, appl. rubunia. rukwama (-) truck, van. rel. Holy Ghost. 2. breath. 3. throat. ruhsa* (-) see ruhusa.

4. disposition. 5 r character, personality, rula* LEngl.1 ruler. individuality, ana — njema. He has good rudi* 1. come back, return — katika safari. ruhusa*, ruhsa, rukhsa (-) 1. permission. return from a journey. 2. give/take/send character. 6. (also uroho) greed, glut- omba — ask for . permission, toa — . give Rum* arch. Turkey, sultani -. the tony; avarice, miserliness. kiroho, back. 3. reply, respond. 4. find fault, of Cf. permission. 2. vacation, holiday. 3. dis- Turkey. Bahari ya -. Mediterranean. mroho. reprove, correct. — (kwa) makosa. correct missal. 4. econ. permit, license. 5, v. mistakes, appl. rudia. amemrudia mkewe. permit, allow, appl. ruhusia. intr. ruhusi- He went back to his wife (after a separa- rumada* [Port. ] (-) naut. rudder-pivot. roja*, loja be astonished/amazed. Cf. kiroja. ka. caus. ruhusisha. tion), rudia neno. contradict, appl.-ass.

rudiana. 1. return to each other. 2. rep- rumande*, rumenda, rimende [Engl.] (_) rojorojo 1. adj. thick, gelatinous (of foods). rujumu* kill by stoning, appl. rujumia. intr. remand, arrest, gravy. rimand/correct each other, intr. rudika. imprisonment, weka — 2. (— ) rujumika. caus. rujumisha. caus. rudisha. give/send back, return, arrest.

restore, caus. -intr.: hairudishiki. It is roketi* LEngl.J (—) rocket, kiwanja cha ruka 1. jump, hop. bao la kuruka. diving irrevocable. Cf. marudi, mardudi, rada, rumbi (— ) rumbi (large water-jug). kurusha — . launching pad/platform. board, trampoline. - juu. av. take off. ritadi, urudishaji. kuruka kwa mbali. broad jump, kuruka na rumenda* (-) see recent dance the rock-and-roll. rumande. roku* \_Engl. j mti. pole-vault. 2. pass over/beyond, rudufu* 1. to double, intr. rudufika. caus. cross; transgress, trespass. - mpaka. ex- - rumi* adj. rondea see londea. rudufisha, rudufya. 2. adj. maradufu 2. Roman. Cf. kirumi, Mruma. ceed a limit, go beyond bounds. 3. fly.

4. swell, wali umeruka. The rice has runda 1. be retarded rufaani, rufani ) freight, cargo. in development, be rongaronga 1. beseech, implore. 2. carry rufaa*, (— swelled up. appl. rukia. attack someone stunted. 2. be crippled, 3. with great care (something fragile or dam- Cf. rufai, marufaa. fig. be bad- (in a conversation), intr. rukika. caus. tempered/surly. aged). rusha. cause to jump/fly, throw up/off; rufai* L mount. 2. rare go away quickly; launch (a rocket, etc.). nisha akili. cause get rid of something quickly (by throwing rundika see lundika. rongera (— ) rongera (native beer before fer- someone to lose his head, startle, rusha mentation). it away). Cf. rufaa. ndege. fly an airplane, pass, rukwa: rukwa runga rare collect, gather. na akili. lose one's head. Cf. ruko, rusho, ronjo see lonjo. kirukanjia, kirukia, mrukaji, mruko, urukaji. rungu, Iungu (_) knobbed stick. Cf. kirungu. . ) .

runpula 460 sababisha 461 sadifu

sababisha*, sabibisha rungula see lungula. rutubika* 1. be moist/damp. 2. be fertile. give as the reason sabihi* be face to face with someone, for..., regard as the cause of... pass, caus. rutubisha. make moist/fertile, kwa sa- nilimsabihi yeye mwenyewe. I have met = bibishwa. be caused by. rupia* tlnd.] (— ) rupee (l£ 13 ). kutia mbolea sasa shamba limerutubishwa. Cf. sababu. him personally. This manure has made the field fertile.

sababu* (— ) cause, reason, rupu see marupurupu. be refreshed/invigorated. ru- motive, kwa — 3. fig. Cf. sabiki* 1. (-) cause, reason, supposition. because, since, kwa— ya... because tuba. of... 2. v. go before, lead. (kwa) - gani? why? -. rusha caus. of ruka. ndio for that reason, therefore, bila (pasipo) -. without ) model, pattern. reason. sabili* ruwaza* (— sample, 1. make way /room for, allow to pass. toa _. give a reason. of) throwing off/away. Cf. sababisha. ki- rusho (ma-) (act Cf. 2. remove, clear away. 3. permit, allow, sababu. aA™;t a x,„ ...•-. . . -.r .... -„ ..ui^|,uuwn,civitu someone.

5. loosen, relax, relieve, appl. sabilia. sabaha* (ma-) successor (in an . bribe, difficulties; impoverished; office). Cf. rushwa* (— ) bribe, toa — to la — ruzu* get into be intr. sabilika. 6. (-) removal; permis- usabaha. accept a bribe. abandon hope. appZ. ruzia. intr. ruzika. sion; relief, relaxation. 7. adj. free, mobile, unimpeded, relaxed. sabahi*, sabihi wish someone good morning, rusu* (— ) layer, tier, row (of piled objects); ruzuku*, tarazaki provide for, support, main- pay a morning call on stratum, level. tain; preserve, store up. Cf. riziki. someone. Cf. asu- sabini*, sabaini num. seventy. buhi.

for = rutuba* (— ) dampness, moisture; fertility. ruzuna* (— ): us. dawa ya — . a medicine sabiti* rare thabiti. sabaini* see sabini. ardhi ina — . The soil is fertile. Cf. rutu- whooping cough.

bika. sabmarini* [Engl.l (-) submarine. sabalheri* (-) see sabalklieri.

sabuni* (-) soap povu la -. suds, lather. sabalkheri*, sabalheri, subalkheri salutation: Good morning. Cf. masalkheri. saburi*, subiri 1. be patient/calm/resigned.

2. wait {more polite than ngoja). nisaburi. Saba-Saba 7 July, the Anniversary of TANU wait for me. appl. saburia. caus. sabu- *saa* (— ) 1. hour, (period of) time. - ngapi? Isaada* (— see seyyida. (- Tanzania National Union). risha. calm, pacify. 3. {also subira) (-) What time is it? {lit.: what kind of an hour?) patience, forbearance, resignation, prov. nusu -. half an hour. 2. watch, clock. - ya 2 * saada (_) see msaad a . sabasi* (-) enmity, hostility, ill-will, dissen- — yavutaheri. Patience brings blessing. mkono. wristwatch. — yamfuko. pocket sion. coll. kutokuwa na — ni kubaya. To be im- watch. - ya ukuta. wall-clock. saanda* (-) see sanda. patient is bad. sabatashara* arch. num. seventeen. (= kumi 2saa* remain, be left (over), fig. stay, linger. saari* (— ) 1. rare price, value. (= bei, na saba.) —a — . seventeenth. sadaka* (-) 1. alms, charity. 2. rel. of- oppZ. salia - saa. caus. saza. 1, leave thamani, 1 kiasi, Ikima.) 2. econ. face fering, sacrifice. Cf. sadaki, sadiki. leave un- (over/behind). 2. leave out, omit; value (of money, etc.). sabibisha* see sababisha.

done/unfinished/unsaid, Cf. masaa, msazo. sadaki* 1. give alms. 2. make a sacrifice.

saba* 1. num. seven, —a — . seventh. 2. sahidi* arrange, settle (a debt). Cf. sadaka, coll. week. - mbili. two weeks. ''saa inter], of impatience or amazement. (-) ^sabihi* = will you? See also Saba-Saba. sabahi. sadifu* sema -. Well, say something, 1. be true /right/proper/exact. 2. adj. true, right, proper, correct, exact. .

sadiki 462 463

sagu* (_) see lsago. sadiki* believe, trust, appl. sadikia. intr. safii* see safihi. sahihi* 1. {us. caus. sahihisha) correct, sadikika. be credible/trustworthy, caus. read proof; attest, authenticate, prove; sagua laugh at, deride. sadikisha. win confidence; justify, con- safika* intr. of safi. Cf. saguo. sign, appl., rare, sahihia, as. sahihishia.

firm; convince; (w. int. force) believe intr. sahihika. 2. (— ) correction, revi- saguo (ma-) (act of) laughing at someone, firmly, trust implicitly. Cf. sadikifu, msa- safina* sing. (orig. boat, ship; now only:) de- sion; proof; attestation, security, guaran- rision, mockery. dikifu, suduku; also sadaka, sadaki. rel. Noah's ark. Cf. sagua. tee. 3. signature. — yako. your signa-

ture, tia — . sign fa document) {see also sahala* adj. sadikifu* adj. 1. trusting, credulous. safiri* travel, set out on a journey/expedi- light, easy. Cf. sahalia, tasi- saini). 4. adj. & adv. {also sahihifu) hili. right, 2. credible, trustworthy; dependable, re- tion. appZ. safiria. intr. safirika. caus. correct, true, genuine, valid. Cf.

hnnpst-. = safirisha. 1. preparations for a sahihisho. usahihi. UaMe, Cf »diki ; make sahalia* be light/easy. journey. 2. send off/out, transport. caus. sahalisha.

lighten, facilitate. Cf. sahala. sahihisho* sadoka, sotoka (— ) dial, cattle plague, 3. econ. export. Cf. safari, msafara, (ma-) correction, revision; at-

rinderpest. msafiri, msafirishaji, usafiri, usafirishaji. testation, authentication, confirmation.

sahalisha* caus. of sahalia. Cf. sahihi. safari* (— ) 1. journey, trip, expedition; de- safisha* caus. of safi. sahani* (-) 1. dish, plate. - za kaule. saidi*, parture. 2. see msafara. 3. time, moment. sayidi (ma-) 1. hist, lord, master,

(imported) earthenware, china. 2. ruler. 2. pr. n. masc. — hii sitasema naye. This time I shall not safu* (— , ma-), msafa (mi-) row, line, series. fig.: Cf. seyyedia, — ya santuri. seyyid, talk with him. — nyingine. at another time. — ya milima. range of mountains, weka (phonograph) record. 3. cav- seyyida. ity, . depression. Cf. kisahani. Cf. safiri. (panga) — put/set in a row. jipanga — mil. form ranks. saidia* help, assist, aid, support; favor, pro-

sahau* 1. forget, not remember; fail mote; protect, safi* 1. {also swafi) adj. clean, pure, clear, to do defend; approve, sanction. something; be careless/inattentive, intr. saidika. caus. bright; transparent; true, honest, candid, un- safura* (— ) med. 1. jaundice. 2. anemia. appl. saidiza. pass. saidiwa. 3.: — . adj. pale, pallid. sahaulia. intr. sahaulika. caus. sa- Cf. msaada, msaidizi. selfish; real, genuine, hewa — . fresh air. —a haulisha. 2. n. failure to remember sema Kisvvahili — . speak good/pure Swa- some- thing, lapse of saikoloji*, saikolojia, hili. 2. (us. caus. safisha) v. clean, saga 1. grind, pulverize. — meno. grind/ memory. Cf. sahaulifu, sikolojia [Engl. ] (-) msahau, usahaulifu. psychology. purify; clarify, put in order; correct; defe- gnash the teeth. 2. fig. oppress, appl.

cate, safisha picha (filmu). develop a sagia. kinu cha kusagia kahawa. coffee

mill. 3. ass. sagana) commit an act sahaulifu* adj. forgetful, absentminded, in- saili* ask, inquire; investigate, examine. film. appZ. safia. intr. safika. Cf. rasa- {& of attentive. appl. sailia. caus. sailisha. fishaji, usafi, usafishaji. female homosexuality/lesbianism. Cf. sahau. ass. saili-

Cf. ^aago (?), *kisaga, msaga, msaga- ana. Cf. swali, masahala. liwa, Amsago. sahib* (-, ma-) see sahibu. safidi*, tasifida [fers.J clean, put in order, saini* I Engl. J (-) signature, arrange, appl. safidia. intr. safidika. sign, mark, sahibu*, sagai* (— ) (short) spear, assegai. sahib, suhuba (-, ma-) 1. friend. tia/weka — . to sign. See also caus. safidisha. Cf. safi, usafidi. sahihi. 2. master, sir. Cf. suhubiana, masahaba, sagama rare ~ sakama. mamsahib. safihi*, safii 1. offend, insult, abuse; treat sairi* 1. paddle, loll about fin the water).

with scorn/contempt/derision. 2. be rude/ 2. fig., nauU hug the shore. sahifa*, sahifu (-) rare page (of a book). insolent/impudent. 3. (— ) boor, lout, im- sago*, sagu Llnd. J (— ) sago. {- ukurasa.) Cf. msahafu. person. 4. adj. rude, offensive, pudent sairi* pound a residue on the side of a mortar. ^sago, msago adv. without interruption, insolent. Cf. msafihi, usafihi. continuously. Cf. saga (?). )

464 sala 465

saisi* (ma-) groom, coachman. sakifu* pack mud, make a (hard-packed) mud come. 3. adv. (also salama salimini). 3. save, or concrete floor, appZ. sakifia. intr. rescue, appl. salimia. 1. greet (quite) safely, in perfectly good order. Cf. someone, give someone saiti* L Engl. J (—) auto, turn-signal, de- sakifika. caus. sakifisha. pass, saki- regards, ukimwona salamu, salimu, usalama. fulani nisalimie. If you reva hakutoa — . The driver did not give a fiwa. Cf. sakafu. meet X, give him my regards. turn-signal. 2. entrust something to some- salamu*, salaam 1. (_) greeting, = salutation; one, intr. salimika. sakimu* rare be ill/ailing. ( ugua. caus. salimisha. bow. toa (pa) -. greet, salute, mizinga refl.-caus. jisalimisha. saizi* LEngl. J (—) size. surrender (one- ya -. salute (by firing guns), pokea -. self), give oneself up. Cf. salama, salamu. ^sakini* settle down, stay in a place. Cf. accept a greeting, peana _. greet each sajin* {.Engl.} (ma-) mil. sergeant. makani. other. 2. adj. safe and sound, prosperous, salio (ma-) see masaa.

f| n .,.,vl;.. rr i --- — *""•" 5- •-/. summa, saiimu, taslimu, saka chase, hunt (wild animals by driving); ^sakini (— ) see sekini. usalama. catch (in a trap), caus. sakiza. Cf. saliti* put together, mix. ukisaliti jinsi msakaji, msako, usasi; also sakama. mbili za mchanga huu utapata mchanga sakiti* 1. reduce, diminish. 2. fig. soothe, salasila* (-) see silasila. mzuri. If you mix these two kinds of sand appease. sakafu* (— ) 1. floor (of hard-packed mud or together, you will get good sand. salata* (_) harshness, want of consideration, concrete). 2. roof (of a flat-roofed clay or hoarfrost. sakitu* (— ) (white) frost, ruthlessness; sharpness, sarcasm. stone building). sakifu. 2 Cf. saliti* 1. be sharp/sarcastic. 2. irritate, Cf. jalidi. Cf. 2 saliti, msalata, lasliti. stir up, disturb, annoy, confuse. 3. be- sakama (rare sagama) stick, be caught ('e.g., tray, sali* falsify, deceive, cheat. 4. set at sakubimbi, chakubimbi (— ) troublemaker, Isl. pray. appl. salia. caus. salisha. an animal in a trap), mwibawa samaki of = variance, alienate, mgeni ndiye aliyetu- gossip, talebearer, sneak. ( mfitini, ass. saliana. Cf. sala. umemsakama kooni. The fishbone stuck in saliti. mdakuzi.) It was a stranger who alienated us.

his throat, fig. maneno yao yametusakama appl. salitia. Cf. salata. ^salia* appl. of sali. moyoni. Their words made a lasting im- sala* (— ) rel. prayer. — ya Bwana. the pression on us (lit.: stuck in our hearts). saluti* lEngl.l Lord's Prayer. — ya kupunga pepo (-) salute, greeting. ^salia* 2 appl. of saa . caus. sakamisha. fasten, secure. Cf. pokea -. accept a greeting, be wabaya. exorcism. Cf. sali, msala. made saka, msakamo. welcome. salihi* adj. good, in good condition, sound; salaam* (— ) see salama, salamu. honest, 1. be upright, of good character; sakara* (us. intr. sakarika) exhausted/ useful, sama* stop up, choke; stick in the throat. proper, debilitated (by hunger, thirst, heat). 2. over- suitable. Cf. msalihina. saladi* L Engl. J (—) salad. eat (with resulting sluggishness). samadari* [/rarf.] (-) bedstead (iron or salihina* (-) see msalihina. wood) Isalala*, sarara (— ) chine, sirloin, fillet. sakata 1. strike, hit, beat. (= piga.) 2. de- salili (various species vour, eat up, finish off. (-) of) duck. (= bata.) samadi* (-) fertilizer (natural manure mixed ^salala* interj. of surprise. with ashes). Cf. simadi. salimini* adv. saki* 1. press, squeeze, be tight, njaa ina- see salama.

salama*, salaam 1. (—) peace, tranquillity, saki. I am dying of hunger. 2. fig. have samaha* (ma-) see msamaha. security; health, well-being. 2. adj. salimu* a profound influence, affect deeply, move. 1. greet, salute; congratulate; bow. favorable, peaceful, calm, safe, unharmed; 2. hand over, deliver; entrust; appl. sakia. intr. sakika. caus. sakisha. capitulate. samaki* (-) fish (in gen.) - mbichi (mkavu).

— . a favorable out- satisfactory, mwisho fig. — roho. give up the ghost, pass, sakiwa. Cf. kisaki. die. fresh (dried) fish, vua -. to fish, tunga-. .

466 sanda sandal i 467

string fish a sandali* (-) sandalwood, on stick (for drying), prov. samli* {rare samuli) (— ) clarified butter, mafuta ya -. sapa (us. red. sapasapa) sandalwood 1. tout, spiel — mmoja akioza, wote wameoza^ One bad ghee (used only cooking). oil. Cf. msandali. for (to attract customers). 2. take everything fish infects all the rest. one has, make a clean sweep. sandarusi* (-) gum copa l. sampuli* [Engl.] (—) sample, model, ex- Cf. msandarusi. samani* \_Ind. J (— ) instrument, implement, ample. Sapatu* Port sanduku* L J (_) (house-)slipper. tool, utensil; piece of (movable) property, (-, ma -) box, chest, trunk. _ la kupiga kura. ballot box. article of furniture. — za mwashi. stone- samu* (— ) see saumu. _ I a posta. mail- box; sapatu (-, ma-) sapatu mason's tools. letters to the editor (in a newspaper). (plaited cording to Cf. kijisanduku. support a bed). samuli* (— ) rare see samli.

>J V— ) vcoiiee-;urn sarabi* (with brazier). sangaa see shangaa. (-) mirage, fata morgana. *sana* adv. very, very much, to a high de-

gree, to a great extent, tazamia — . ex- sangara sarafa* (ma-) see samawati*, samawi (— ) 1. sky. 2.: rangi (-) sangara (red ant). sharafa. amine carefully, lia — . weep copiously.

ya — . sky-blue, azure. la —. eat heavily, asante — . many thanks, sarafu*, sarufu, sangaza caus. of shangaa. sarifu, sarifa (-) 1. coin, sema — . speak loudly/emphatically. (small) change. 2. (rate of) samawi* (— ) see samawati. exchange. sanifu* work Cf. Isarifu, masurufu. skilfully, invent, compose, write. sana* hammer, forge (something). Cf. sambaa be spread/scattered. appl. sambalia. Cf. usanifu. -msana, usani. saraka* [PersJ (-) drawer intr. sambalika. caus. sambalisha. (of a chest of drawers or a table/desk). sanii* see sanaa 2. sanaa* 1. (— ) (work of) skilled craftsman- sambamba adv. side by side, shoulder to ship, art. 2. v. {also sanii) make, con- sanjari*, sarakasi* [Engl.'] (-) circus. shoulder; parallel; simultaneously, shanjari, chanjari [Pers.l 1. ac- struct, fabricate, appl. sanalia. Cf. company, escort; mistari iliyo — . parallel lines. follow in succession, msanaa. sarara* move (_) see sa l a la. in a line or column (ships, etc.).

2. adv. in sambaratika disintegrate. single file, in line/column for- sanamaki* (— ) senna (used as a purgative). mation. sare (-) the incision made in the ritual of sambusa* [Pers.j sambusa (a pastry made of blood brotherhood. sanamu* (— ) 1. image, idol, ibada ya — sansuri* meat, onions, and pepper). (-) 1. sansuri (kind of fish, barra- idolatry. 2. statue, chora — . make a cuda). (= mzira.) 2. a large knife with a sare (-) sport draw, tie. statue, mchonga — . sculptor. 3. picture, blunt samehe* 1. forgive, pardon, remit, pass over edge. painting, photograph; figure, diagram. o (mistakes, offenses, etc.). — makosa. pass sare Cf. kisanamu. adv. at the same time, simultaneously. santuri*, senturi over/overlook mistakes (failings). 2. give (-) 1. santuri (a musical in- = 2 ( su lul Ul ) strument resembling up, stop trying, nimeitafuta sikuiona, kwa a zither). 2. fig. sanati*, sene (— ) arch., liter, year (in dating phonograph, hiyo nimeisamehe. I have hunted for it, but barrel organ (or other devices). letters). sare (-) 1. (= jinala-) the name given to did not find it; so I have given up. 3. rare a child immediately sao after birth. 2. nick- save, rescue. Cf. msamaha, msamehaji. (ma-) see masalio. sanda*, saanda, shanda (— ) burial cloth, name. shroud.

samesame* (— ) 1. samesame (red glass bead).

2. samesame (a kind of red ant). .. )

468 sawajika sawanyisha 469 sekunde

* \_Ind. sari (woman's garment). sawanyisha* J J-saumu*, tumu l.(— ) Isl. fasting. 2. to see sawazisha. sefule!* inter], see fast. \du.

sarifa* (— ) see sarafu. sawasawa* see sawa 3. sega (ma-) (us. pi.) honeycomb. ^saumu, samu, thumu, tumu (— ): kitunguu — sawazisha* Isarifu*, serifu 1. exchange money. 2. ar- garlic. (rare sawanyisha) make even, of equal, similar; sega lift, turn up (skirt, range, put in order; have a good command compare. Cf. sawa, ki- trousers, to keep sawazisha. them clean). a language. — maneno (mwandiko) kwa sauti* (— ) 1. voice, sound, noise. — moja. - nguo. tuck up a dress. a?pl. uzuri. speak (write) correctly /well. Cf. unanimity; (mus.) unison. — ya kiume. segea. intr. segeka. sawia* adv. sarafu. deep (male) voice. — ya kitoto. high then, at that time; at that very

rr.orr.er.t. seeele. shprolo (_\ *,<-„: *l__j- r.syc " "- > ' -"-"& "i andiiku— . Ke arrived ^auo worn too at that very around the loins by a loud voice, paza — . raise the voice. 2. time. Cf. children. Cf. kondavi. -sarifu* (— ) see sarafu. sawa.

fig., pari. vote, tutawapa — wanachama sawidi* make segua see sekua. wa chama chetu. We will give our vote to black; (fig.) calumniate, sarufi* (— ) grammar, kitabu cha — . a gram- the members of our party, — ya slander, besmirch. mar (book). fig. sehelea Tanganyika. The Voice of Tanganyika see Iselea. sawiri* (the radio company). form, shape; draw a picture. sarufu* (— ) see sarafu. sehemu* (-) 1. part, share. - ya mwe- sayansi* nzangu. my friend's sawa* 1. (— ) 1. likeness, similarity. 2. (— [EnglJ (_) science. share. 2. fraction, *saruji*, seruji (— ) 1. cement, concrete. instalment. geogr. plain. 3. adj. alike, the same, - ya kumi. a tenth. - za (a 2. rubble. tia — . to cement floor). kumi. tenths, similar, equal; right, exact; fair, just, im- sayari* (-) astr. planet. decimals. _ za m ia. hun- dredths, percentages. partial. 4. adj. level, flat, straight. 3. section, para-

^saruji*, seruji (—) saddle. sayidi* graph. 4. mil. unit, nchi — . flat country. 5. adv. (also sawa- (ma-) see saidi. detachment. 5.: _ ya mtambo. sawa) equally, fairly, (just) the same, ex- part/element of a machine. sasa* 1. adv. now, at present, nowadays. saza* caus. 2 6. region, district. actly, fanya — . make even, equalize; act of saa , - inayojitawala we- — hivi. at once, immediately; now. —a — nyewe. autonomous region. fairly, gawia — . divide into equal parts. Cf. kijise- or kisasa. modern, up-to-date, fashion- sazo (ma-) hemu. —a saa hii inakwenda — . This watch is run- see masaa. Well, what do able. 2. inter], pf surprise ning right, mtoto huyu nababa yake ni — sekeneka be infected you know? Cf. kisasa. This child resembles his father, coll.: sebeha* rare to breakfast. (by syphilis), waste a way. Cf. sekeneko. — kama sahani na kawa. getting on to-

) chess. 2. a kind of sleep- sebule* sataranji* (— 1. gether like a dish and its cover. Cf. sa- (-) reception room, antechamber, sekeneko (-) rare, med. syphilis. ing-mat. wia, sawazisha, kisawazisha, usawa, hall, porch. (= kaswende.) Cf. sekeneka. usawanisho.

satini* (— ) satini (kind of cloth). sebusebu* refuse, reject (unwillingly, regret- sekini, sakini (-) eth. sekini (shaving fully); the sawadi* (— ) see zawadi. relinquish, forgo. head so that only a tuft or strip is left satua* [?](—) rare possibility, chance. in the middle). sedeka*. seteka sawajika*, saujika 1. be exhausted/debili- belong/protracted (of an saujika* see sawajika. tated/emaciated (from illness, hunger). illness). sekua, segua push, shove (along, aside). 2. be disfigured/crippled. sefu* [EnglJ (_) 1. safe. 2. refrigerator. sekunde* (-) see sekundi. skundi 470 sengenya 471 setle

sekundi*, sekunde [Engl.] second (of time). moja sikupi sembuse shilingi. I will not senta* [Engl.] (_) sport center (football); serikali* give you a single cent, let alone (much also geom. [Pers.l (_) 1. government, - ya pembetatu. center of (public) authority. selaha* (— ) see silaha. less, to say nothing of) a shilling. triangle, - ya mseto. coalition enye - moja. concentric, duara government. _ ya kibeberu, - ya nguvu. zenye - moja. concentric circles. dictatorship, Selani* [Engl.] Ceylon. semezano (ma-) rare conversation. Cf. sema. prov. - ina mkono mrefu. The government has a long arm. 2. ad- senti* [Engl.] (_) cent . 1 eo sina -. Tode ministration, Iselea, semifainali* [Engl.J (— ) sport semifinal. amri ya -. a directive of sehelea (& appZ. selelea) 1. stay, I don't have a cent. the administrative officials, continue to live in (a place that one visits jimbo Ienye = yake. semsem*, simsim (— ) sesame. ( ufuta 1.) - autonomous territory senturi* /region. Cf. and finds attractive), join (a new group). (_) see santuri< kiserikali. 2. be attracted/attached to something.

sena (— ) 1. sena (kind of sugarcane). seperuka see sepetuka. sermala* 2. sena (kind of sweet potato). 3. sena ( ma -) see seremala. selea (— ) s ee selehaleha (kind of rice). sepeto* [Engl.] (_) spade, shovel. seruji* ( ma -) see l 2 sa ruji, saruji . seleha, selea (— ) seleha (a red glass bead). sene* (— ) see sanati. sepetuka, seperuka reel, stagger; stumble, sesere (-) see mwanasesere. trip, slip. selehi* see suluhi. senea be dull/blunt (of a knife, etc.). caus. seneza, seza. make dull; smooth (with an sesereka, seseteka, sesetuka Septemba* [Engl reel, stagger. selo* [Engl. Sail ho U (— ) signal (of arrival J September. adze). Cf. senezo. or departure of a ship/train). — ya kuingia seseteka see sesereka. isera* haijapanda. The signal of arrival has not (_) fort, seneta* [Engl.] (ma-) senator. fortification. yet been given. sesetuka see sesereka. 2sera seneza caus. of senea. (-) beeswax. 1. speak, talk, say. — na... speak sema seta crush, 1. squeeze, mash. 2. shove, with... 2. rare converse; tell, narrate. serahangi*. senezo, sezo rare adze. Cf. senea. serangi, serehangi crowd, jostle, appl. setea. I Pers.l ( ma-) intr. seteka. appl. semea. intr. semeka {or intr.-ass. naut. caus. 1. boatswain, mate. 2. foreman setesha. Cf. mseto. semekana). be pronounceable; be said/re- senge* coll., adj. 1. unmarried. 2. homo- (of dock workers). usual/customary, hasara ported to; be fig. sexual. seteka* see sedeka. iliyopatikana haisemeki. The loss incurred serangi* (ma-) see serahangi. is tremendous (lit.: unspeakable), inase- seng'enge (— (iron) wire. — yenye miiba. iseti* ) [Port.] (-) cards seven. mekana ya kuwa haji tena. It is said seredani* barbed wire. [Pers.l (-) (charcoal) brazier. (= it is probable) that he will no longer 2 seti* (-) coll. a wealthy come. cans, semesha, semeza. ass. Indian. sengenya 1. slander, calumniate, speak ill serehangi* (ma-) see serahangi. speak ill semana. scold/abuse each other, of someone. 2. abuse, insult, deride. 3seti* of each other. Cf. semezano, msemaji, seremala*. I Engl.] (_) set (of something). ass. sengenyana. Cf, masengenyo, sermala (ma-) carpenter, cabinet- msemo, usemaji, usemi. msengenyaji, msengenyano, msengenyi, maker, joiner. Cf. useremala. setiri* see msengenyo. stiri. apart from, not to men- sembuse conj. & adv. serifu* see Isarifu. sella* [Engl.] (ma-) settler. tion, to say nothing of, let alone. Senti shahamu 473 shambiro seyyedia 472 shahada

covenant, 3. testament. 4. testimony, seyyedia* adj. lordly, grand. Cf. saidi. tion, excess, kila neno kwake ni — . He shakevale (-) shakevale (species of hawk). evidence. 5. certificate, makes much of every trifle. 3. trap, diploma, docu- Cf. hajivale. ment. Cf. shahidi, shuhuda, Seyyid* title of the Sultan of Zanzibar. Cf. snare; trick. Cf. ushabaki. shuhudu, ushahidi. saidi. shakiri* be satisfied/sated. Cf. shukuru. *, shaabani 1. eighth month of the shahamu* Muhammadan year (preceding Ramadhan). (-) (animal) fat, grease, lard, shakwe seyyida*, saada hist., liter, (in direct address) (ma-) ornith. gull, tern. tallow. lady, mistress. Cf. saidi. 2. pr. n. masc.

shalaka* (-) 1. loop, noose. 2. hole in th £ shahara* rare = be- (_) see mshahara. seza ( seneza) caus. of senea. shabihi* 1. (— ) (external) appearance, gunwale of a boat holding a loop of rope 2. ~ ^shabaha 2. 3. (also havior. adv. serving as an oarlock. See shahawa* also kishwara. (-) phy . semen ass. shabihiana) be like/similar, re- , sperm. (= manii.) *sezo (ma-) see senezo. Cf. shaliki. semble, mtoto huyu amemshabihi {or ana- shahidi* (ma-) 1. witness, shabihiana na) mama yake sana. This guarantor. 2. (- shali* (_) shawl. ^sezo (ma-) see ltezo. wa dini) martyr. child greatly resembles his mother. Cf. Cf. shahada, ushahidi.

l.shabaha. shaliki* tie/fasten loosely, tie in a bow. shaabani* (— ) see shabani. shaibu* (_) old man/woman. Cf. shalaka.

shabu* (— ) alum. shaba* (— ): — nyekundu. copper. — nyeupe. shairi* (ma-) 1. poem, line of poetry, verse, Sham* , bahari ya -. the Red brass, prov. wengine — huidhani dhahabu. Sea. rhyme. 2.: mashairi. poetry, shabuka* (— ) see 2 s habaki. versification. reali ya -. Maria Theresa people mistake brass for gold. dollar. Many tunga mashairi. write poetry. Cf. mshairi, ushairi. (— , ma-) 1. bunch, cluster. — la shada* shamari* (-) hot. fennel. shababi* (— ) youth, young man. Cf. ushababi. maua. a bunch of flowers, bouquet. — la shaitani* nywele. a tuft of hair (tied up at the back (_) see s hetani. shamasi*, shemasi (ma-) 1. rel. deacon. shababu* (—) storm. of the head). 2. string (of beads, etc.), 2. an older person (not necessarily a shajara* necklace. — la ushanga. a pearl necklace. [?] (_) (pocket) diary, notebook. clergyman) who gives advice on religious *shabaha* 1. (—) similarity, resemblance. (a child's toy). 3. tassel, fringe. 4. kite matters. Cf. ushamasi. 2. adv. like, same as. mtunda — embe. shaka* (ma-) 1. doubt, uncertainty, wa na -. a fruit like /resembling the mango. Cf. be in doubt, be shafaka* (— ) see shufaka. perplexed, bila -. shamba* doubt- [prob. < Fr. champ] (ma-) shabihi, mshabaha. less. difficulty, 2. concern, uneasiness. 1. (cultivated) field, plantation, garden, adv. at random, amekutana na mashaka. shaghala*, baghala L?J He had a series of farm. l - a Mungu. cemetery. 2. country ^shabaha* (— ) mark, target, pata — . hit the any old problems to solve. haphazardly, indiscriminately, Cf. shakawa, shake, (as opp. to town). - „akaa ( or mashamba). mark, twaa (piga, shika) — . aim, take aim, shuku, mashaka, way. mushkeli. I live in the country, vvatu wa -. country is a shot. sight, ana — sana. He good folk, -a mashamba. rustic, countrified, shakawa* shaha*, sheha, shehe (ma-) 1. chief, leader. (_) difficulty, problem, rough anxiety. (= _ a kishamba, -a kimashamba). Ishabaki* (— ) fishing-net, weir-basket. 2. minstrel, storyteller, composer of bal- Cf. shaka.

lads. 3. king (chess). Cf. sheikh, usheha. shambiro* adv. for common use, without shake* (ma-) grief, misery, ^shabaki*, shabuka (-) 1. a quarrelsome/de- ingiwa na - la regulation or restriction. kulia. shahada* (-) 1. obligation, liability. 2. Isl. weep and sob. ceitful person. 2. (us. shabuka) exaggera- Cf. shaka. shahada (the Moslem confession of faith). ) .

shambulia 474 sharabu sharaf 475 shauri

shambulia sharaf* sing, honor, status. attack (suddenly), invade; bombard. mshangalia. they received/greeted him sharubu*. shuarub, shuarubu (ma-) moustache. ass. shambuliana. attack each other, pass. joyfully, pass, shangiliwa. be given a sharafa*. sarafa (ma-): - la ndevu or ndevu shambuliwa. Cf. shambulio, ushambulizi, festive reception. Cf, shangilio. za shashi*, chachi (_) 1. thin, white muslin; — a long, kutoshambulia. . flowing beard. gauze. 2.: karatasi ya — . tissue paper.

shangilio (ma-) rare rejoicing, festive re- shari* shambulio (ma-) (sudden) attack, raid, inva- ception, ovation; congratulations. Cf. 1. (_) malice, hatred, spite; harm, shashimamishi* adj. proud, arrogant, con-

sion. Cf. shambulia. shangilia. mischief, bad luck, disaster, taka -. defy, temptuous, conceited.

challenge. 2. (-) misery, distress, illness, shamili* (ma-) earring, pendant. shangwe (— ) 1. rejoicing, ovation, wali- poverty. 3. adj. evil, malicious; miserable; shasira* (ma-) see shazia.

— . mpokea kwa They greeted him joyfully. bad, depraved (of character). Cf mshari. shamiri* 1. load a gun. 2. fit together (in 2. festivity; hubbub, commotion, arusi hii shata* (ma-) (us. pi.) shata (the solids re-

carpentry, cabinetmaking). haina —. This wedding was quiet (without 2 maining after coconut meat has been sbari* (_) watch spring. (= kamani.) boiled commotion). to produce oil). shamrashamra hustle and bustle. * (-) see sheria. shani* (— ) 1. (rare, unexpected) occurrence, shati* [Engl. ] (ma-) shirt, blouse. shamua, chemua sneeze, snort, appl. shamu- event. 2, marvel, novelty, curiosity, ad- sharifu*, sherifu 1. treat respectfully, respect, lia. caus. shamulisha. venture. 3. mishap, accident, catastrophe. shatomma* [Pers.] (_) a broad sash or shawl regard. 2. (ma-) a respected person. 3. adj.. 4. important/notable event, karamu hii worn around the waist. respectable, honorable, highly regarded/ imetia — kuliko jana. party was shanda* (— ) see sanda. ileya This esteemed, excellent. Cf. kisharifu, msharafu, a more notable event than the one of yester- shau* see shaua, usharifu. shaufu. day. shanga pi. of ushanga. shaua*, shau 1. be pleasing, arouse (unsatis- sharika* (ma-) see shirika. fied) shangaa, sangaa 1. stare. 2. be astonished/ shanjari* see sanjari. desire. 2, deceive, delude, disappoint.

amazed/dumbfounded/perplexed/stupefied/ appl. shaulia. intr. shauka. caus. shariki* see shiriki. shausha. shocked. 3. be thrilled/enraptured/filled shanta* (—) knapsack. Cf. shaufu, kishaufu, mshaufu, ushaufu.

with enthusiasm. 4. admire, caus. sha- shariti* lie; twist, distort; evade, make excuses, ngaza, astonish/confuse someone. shanuo (— ) see chanuo. shaufu*, shau adj. delusive, pretentious, sangaza. talk oneself out of something. showy; frivolous, Cf. mshangao. of easy morals. Cf. shaua, shapa (ma-) raft, ferry. — la nyuki. honey- mshaufu, ushaufu. shard*, shurti, shuruti, sherti (ma-) 1. necessity, comb. shangama (— ) shangama (short-sleeved shirt). obligation. - uje (kuja). You must come. 2. shauku* (— ) desire, longing, passion; eager- (us. masharti) stipulations, terms, conditions; shapo (ma-) see mashapo. ness, impatience, ana - nao. shangaza caus. of shangaa. binding He longs for agreement, contract, kwa — . by agree- them. — ya michezo. a passion for sports. ment, as stipulated, fanya — . make an agree- sharabeti*, sherbeti, shebeti, sharubati (— Cf. ashiki. shangazi (ma-) 1. paternal aunt, sister of ment, conclude a contract, pol. masharti ya sherbet, syrup; soft drink, soda water. one's father. 2. aunt.fin gen). chama. statutes of a party /organization. 3. shauri* Cf. sharabu. (— ) 1. advice, suggestion, uliza — bet, wager, stake. Cf. shuruti. ask for advice, toa -. shangilia, shangalia receive (with joy, enthusi- give (a piece of) sharabu* 1. drink (alcoholic beverages). advice. 2. intention, plan, project; problem asm), greet, welcome, congratulate, wame- sharubati* (-) see sharabeti. 2. (—) alcoholic/intoxicating beverage. (on which one needs advice), una — ? Do you

Cf. sharabeti. ) )

shaushi 476 shembe 477 shifta

have a problem? — yako. It is your affair/ shazia* (ma-) (large) needle, bodkin (used in shembea* (— ) knife with a curved blade. sherifu* see sharifu. = business, mwenye — . a helpless person (who making mats). ( jambia.)

constantly needs the advice of others). 3. sherisi*, sherizi, sheresi (— ) glue. sbemeji* discussion, debate, negotiations. 4. opinion, shebeti* (— ) see sharabeli. (— ) relative by marriage, brother/

voice (in a matter). 5. telephone conversa- sister-in-law. sherizi* (-) see sherisi.

tion. — moja, kwa — . unanimously. 6. v. shegele (— see segele.

take counsel, consult, confer; ask for advice. shemeri* (-) nose ring (for cattle). sherti* (— ) see sharti.

appl, shauria. caus. shaurisha, shauriza. sheha* (ma-) see shaha.

shemshi*, shumusi ) (= ass. shauriana. Cf. mshauri, halmashauri. (— rare sun. jua.) sheshe (— ) beauty. — ya nchi. the beauty of

shehe* (ma-) see sheikh, shaha. llie country. shenga see *chenga. "shaushi* \_Turk.J (ma-) mil. noncommissioned shehena* (— freight, cargo. Cf. sheheni. shetani*, sheitani, officer, corporal. shaitani (ma-) rel. devil, shenzi* LPers.J adj. savage, barbarous, un- demon, supernatural power, punga — . exor- sheheni* be loaded, have cargo (on board). Cf. couth, uncivilized, ill-mannered; pagan, cise. ^shaushi* see shawishi. shehena. heathen. Cf. kishenzi, mshenzi, ushenzi.

shetri* (— ) naut. stern, poop. shauwa* see shawali. sheikh*, shehe, shekhe, sheki (ma-) important/ sherbeti* (— ) see sharabeli.

influential person, leader, chief, ruler. shiba* 1. be satisfied/sated/appeased, utashiba shavu [rare chavu, chafu) (ma-): — la uso. shere* (— ) see sheri. chakula hiki? Will this be enough for you to cheek. - la mkono. biceps. — la mguu. calf see shetani. sheitani* (ma-) eat? mimi ninashiba nikiia viazi. When I eat (of the leg). - la samaki. gill (of a fish). sberehe* rejoicing, (—) 1. merriment. 2. cele- potatoes I am satisfied. 2. fig. be filled with/ — la jogoo. wattles (of a cock). see sheikh. shekhe* (ma-) bration, ceremony, festival. 3. pomp, magnif- absorbed in (a subject, etc.). — masomo. be

icence, display. Cf. sherehekea. absorbed in one's studies, appl. shibia. shawali*, shauwi (— ) tenth month of the sheki* (ma-) see sheikh. caus. shibisha. satisfy/sate someone; (fig.) Muhammadan year. sherehekea* celebrate. Cf. sherehe. fill someone with enthusiasm. Cf. shibe. Ishela* (ma-) shela (black veil worn by Arab shawishi*, shaushi 1. entice, lure, tempt. 2. women). sheresi* (— ) see sherisi. shibe* sing. 1. satisfaction, satiation. 2. appease- persuade, talk someone into something. 3. ment (of hunger, thirst). Cf. shiba. pol. agitate. appZ. shawishia. intr. shawi- sheri*, shere (—) joke, fun; derision, mockery. ^shela* (— ) shela (sword dance). shika. caus. shawishisha. 4. (ma-) tempta- cheza/fanya — . joke; mock, ridicule, deride. shibiri*, shubiri (— ) shibiri (unit of length, tion, enticement, persuasion. Cf. kishawishi, span; about 9 inches). adv. indiscriminately; (of merchan- mshawishi, ushawishi. shelabela* sheria*, sharia (— ) 1. law, prescription, regula- dise) as a lot, 'as is.' tion. — na utengamano. law and order. shida* (— , ma-) 1. trouble, hardship, distress, shayiri* sing, barley. baraza la . legislative = kufanya — body. — difficulty, patwa na (wa na, ingia) — . have sheleli* rare sew, stitch, ( shona.)

haina kwao. The law knows no favorites trouble/difficulty, kwa — . with difficulty. shaza* (— ) see chaza. (lit.: has no homej. 2. legal proceedings, 2. lack, scarcity, shortage, ni — kumwona. shemali* (-) liter. 1. left hand. 2. north, justice, loc. sheriani. (law) court, peleka He is rarely to be seen, chuma ni — . There north-wind. shazasi* (— ) sal ammoniac. sheriani. prosecute, mwana — . lawyer. 3. is a shortage of iron, kwa — . seldom, rarely. pol. constitution. — ya jamhuri. republican (ma-) see shamasi. shazi* (ma-), kishazi (vi-) bunch, cluster (of shemasi* shifta* \_Engl. J (—) shifter (member of a trouble- constitution. 4.: —a (ki)sheria. adj. legal. fruit); string (of fish). some nomadic group in Kenya). shige 478 shina 479 shindikizo

shige (-): - la manjano. ornith. Pemba white- shikio (ma-) 1. handle, mashikio ya chungu. 2 shina (ma-) eye. agr. hole for planting seed. the handles of a pot. 2. naut. lugha. be defeated rudder. Cf. by a language (admit that it is too shika. much for one), inv. shindua, sindua. shinda shika 1. grasp, seize, hold on to, keep; 1. conquer, overcome, release pressure; (mil.) overpower, sub- open; be open to (arguments, occupy (= shikilia, below), 2. due. _ adui. conquer the persuasion); follow, ob- shikizo (ma-) 1. support, prop, post. 2. tack(ing enemy. 2. outdo, reveal, give vent to. shindua serve, comply with. - sheria surpass, be better than. - maneno. give (desturi). ob- stitch) (in sewing). Cf. shika. mtihani. pass an vent to utterances, argue, per- serve the law (custom). examination, yule mrefu suade, inv.-appl. 3. persist in, insist kushinda mimi. He shindulia. inv.-intr. shindu- is on. insist taller than I. kushinda ka. — bei. on a price, bargain, haggle. shiku (ma-) augment, of kishiku. jana. day before maji yameshinduka. The fLood has receded. — njia. follow a yesterday. 3. win. - shinda, road, hold to an established mchezo. win a game. Cf. shindani, ishindano, shindikizo, course. 4. hold, rarrv nn 4. bear, endure. manmiv.i. shindo. kishinda. ki«hin^ (= An maU some- shilnmn* [M=] (_) stem of a hookah. _ endure ~a:n. 0j "..shinda rr.shi- 5. be left, ndaji, thing). — mazungumzo. carry on a conversa- remain, anashinda nyumbani. He mshindani, mshindikizo, mshindilio, is always at tion. — miguu ya... greet someone (respect- shilingi* [.Engl. J (—) shilling. home/is a stay-at-home. appl. mshindio, mshindo, mshindwa, msindikizo, shindia. fully), appl. shikia. double appl. shikilia. double appl. shindilia. press ushinda, ushindani, ushinde, ushindi, hold (down), shindilia ushindwaji. onto (stubbornly, resolutely), keep shimbi, simbi (— , ma-) lees of palm-wine (used nguo sandukuni. pack clothes permanently, occupy, intr. shikika. prov. as yeast). in a chest, sindilia chakula kinywani. stuff food 2 maji hayashikiki. Water cannot be held fast. into one's mouth, shindilia bundu- shinda (ma-,-) remainder, residue. - la kinu. caus. shikisha, shimbika tie, fasten ki. load a gun. intr. shindika, residue shikiza. shikisha mkono. (a fishhook to a line), sindika. 1. be in a mortar. Cf. Shinda.

guide the hand (e.g., of a child learning to caus. shimbikisha, shimbisha. Cf. shimbiko. defeated/overpowered/subjugated. 2. (trans.) do something forcibly, write), ass. shikana. 1. be good friends. 2. apply force to some- shindama stat. of ^shinda. thing, wrestle with each other, stat. shikama. shimbiko (ma-) 1. act of fastening a hook to a shindika miwa. press/crush sugarcane.

line. 2. thread used for 3. feign, sham, intr.-int. stat.-ass. shikamana. stick tight, form a this purpose. Cf. shindikiza, sindi- shindamana stat.-ass. of ^shinda. kiza. = bond, set (of mortar, etc.). stat.-ass. -caus. shimbika. 1. shindika. 2. see a guest to the

door (or go part of the way shindani adj. shikamanisha. join (firmly), fasten together. with him), caus. competitive, contentious, hostile. shindisha, pass, shikwa. be grasped/seized, shikwa na shime! inter j. of encouragement to increased shindiza. 1. cause/help to conquer Cf. ^shinda. (excel, win). homa. have a fever, shikwa na hofu. be effort, haya — , tusaidiane. Come on now, 2. cause to remain, take in a guest/lodger; seized by terror, be afraid, shikwa na kazi. let's all pull together! hinder, impede, caus-intr. shindania ass.-appl. of Shinda. shindizika. be very busy. Cf. shikamuu, shikio, shikizo, be hindered/impeded; be blunted

shimiri*, simiri fit, be suitable/useful, mavazi (of a tool), ass. shindana. Jshindano kishika, kishikizo, kishiko, mshika, mshi- 1. try to defeat (ma-) (us. mashindano; also mshinda- yake hayamshimiri. His clothes do not fit/ each other, fight. 2. dispute, kano, mshiikilizo, ushikimano. fall out with no, mi-) competition, contest; comparison. become him. each other. 3. compete, contend, ya shindana - mpira. football match. Cf. ^shinda. shikamoo, shikamu see shikamuu. mpira. settle a football contest, shindana

shimo (ma-) 1, hole, cavity, rut; hollow, depres- sawasawa. be well/evenly matched, ass.-appl. 2 shindano (ma-) see 1 sindano. shindania. shikamuu, shikamu, shikamoo formula of saluta- sion, cave, excavation, —la sahani. the hollow strive /struggle for something.

of a plate. 2. pit, trench; shindania fedha. tion, lit. I grasp (your) feet (orig. used only tunnel, 3. shaft, haggle over a price, stat. shindikiza intr.-int. of ^shinda. shindama. by young people to older persons or, in well, mine. — la almasi (dhahabu). diamond rare, us. stat.-ass. shindamana.

(gold) mine. — la kaa. vertical shaft (mining). be firmly pressed/packed general, in addressing an elder or chief). together, be com- shindikizo, sindikizo (ma-) 1. (act of) press- pact, pass, shindwa. be defeated/outdone, Cf. shika. ing, pressure. 2. press, mill (for pressing capitulate, ^shina (ma-) (also kishina, vi-) 1. tree-trunk shindwa na mzigo mzilo. be over- oil, fruit, etc.). 3. sindikizo: escorting, loaded, try to carry too heavy a load shikilia double appl. of shika. (from root to top). 2. fig. source, origin. (lit.: be accompanying (a departing guest). Cf. defeated by a heavy burden), shindwa na shinda, sindikiza. .

shogi 481 shtaki shindilia 480 shoga

shogi*, sogi (ma-) saddlebag, packsaddle. shonga (ma-) persuasion, seduction, incite-

ment, enticement. Cf. mshongo. shindilia double appl. of *shinda. addicted to. — ulevi. be addicted to drink. shogoa* (_) see shokoa. — kazi. be heart and soul in one's work. — shoni shindiza caus. of shinda. karata. be a confirmed cardplayer. — sanamu. (ma-) see shono. shoka, choka (ma-) ax. rel. worship an idol. appl. shirikia. intr. shono, shindizika caus.-intr. of shinda. shirikika. caus. shirikisha, shirikiza. give shoni (ma-) (us. mashono) 1. (act/ shokishoki (ma-) shokishoki (fruit of the msho- someone a share in something, allow to method of) sewing. 2. sewing equipment. kishoki, q.v.). shindo (ma-): enda kjva — (or mashindo). trot participate, make a member of a society. Cf. shona.

(of horses). Cf. shinda, mshindo. ass. shirikiana. be partners together, co- shokoa*, shogoa LPersJ (_) 1. compulsory operate, join forces; be jointly responsible/ shonoa inv. of shona. labnr. _ ; -o-p-Iscrv military ™,rc ui i- shindua inv. of shinda. liable. Cf. shirika, shirikisho, mshirika, versal conscription, draft. Kamatwa -. be shonoka mshirikina, ushirika, ushirikina. inv.-intr. of shona. subject to forced labor/military service. shingo (— , ma-) neck, fig., geogr. — la nchi. shonolea inv.-appl. isthmus, mwenye — ngumu. a stiff-necked/ shirikisho* (ma-) union, federation, associa- of shona. shombo (-) (natural, sharp) odor of fresh fish. stubborn person. tion. — la Ulimwengu la Vijana wa Kidemo- vumba. Cf. shonosha krasi. World Federation of Democratic Youth. inv.-caus. of shona. shinikiza, sinikiza press, crush, pulverize. — la Ulimwengu la Wanawake wa Kidemo- shomoro (-) ornith. shomoro (bird similar to = shore (-) ornith. (species of) bulbuh - ( shindikiza 1. Cf. shinda.) appl. shini- krasi. Women's International Democratic kishungi the sparrow). paradise flycatcher. _ kizia. Federation, soko la — . common market. Cf. wanda. (species of)

shiriki. sparrow. shona sew, stitch, appl. shonea. sindano ya shinikizo, sinikizo (ma-) 1. (act of) pressing, kushonea. sewing-needle, intr. shoneka. shoroba* crushing. 2. press, mill. (= shindikizo. shisha* (— ) hourglass. (ma-) (augment, of kishoroba) path, caus. shonesha. have sewn, have (clothes) passage. Cf. shinda.) made, shonesha nguo. have clothes made. shitaka* (ma-) see mashtaka. ""'• shonoa. unsew, undo, take out stitches, shoti* (-) gallop, enda (piga) -. to gallop. shira* (— ) rare sail. (= nanga.) unravel, inv.-appl. shonolea. inv.-intr. shitaki* see shtaki. shonoka. inv.-caus. shonosha. Cf. mashono, shoto 1. (ma-) left hand/side; left-handedness. shiraa* (— ) astron. Sirius. mshona, mshoni, mshono, shono, ushoni, mwenye -. left-handed person. 2. (also Ishiti* (ma-) cotton print (cloth). ushono. shotoshoto) adv. in a left-handed way, shirika*, sharika 1. (ma-) partnership, commu- awkwardly, backwards, anafanya kazi -. nity of interests, cooperation; organization. 2shiti* [Engl.l (— , ma-) (bed)sheet. shonde (ma-) 1. dung (of animals), manure. He does his work clumsily. mali yetu ni — . We own our property jointly. 2. (cake of) dried dung (used for fuel). fanya — . do something in common, go shares. shitua* see shtua. shtaka* (ma-) see mashtaka. 2. (ma-) share, tia — . share, divide up. 3. shonde adv. in common, jointly, together. Cf. shiri- (-) grudge, resentment, vindictive- shituko* (ma-) see shtuko. ness. shtaki*, shitaki 1. make a complaint, blame, ki. ingawa tumegombana usiniwekee — accuse. 2. jur. charge, Even though we have quarrelled, don't be sue, bring action shoga* (ma-, — ) 1. a woman (or older girl) who against, appl. shtakia. intr. shtakika. shiriki*, shariki 1. participate, have a part in; vindictive/don't hold a grudge against me. instructs a girl who has reached the age of caus. shtakisha, shtakiza. refl. jishtaki. be partners, act in common. 2. be associated, puberty. 2. term of endearment used between accuse/blame oneself, refl.-appl. , combine, join. — katika biashara. shonesha caus. of shona. jishtakia. women. 3. an impotent man who acts as a complain about someone. Cf. mashtaka, combine for business purposes, 3. be devoted/ servant to women. 4. catamite. Cf. ushoga. mshtaka, mshtaki, mshtakiwa, ushtaki. shtiri 482 shuhudu shuhul 483 shupaa

shuhuli* (— ) rear part of a house. shulu*, shuru 1. sew, stitch; whip, overcast, shtiri* make the final (successful) bid (at an shubiri* (— ) see shibiri. oversew. 2. (ma-) {also mshulu, mshuru, auction). Cf. rasimu. shujaa* 1. (ma-) hero, warrior, brave man. mi-) stitch, seam; backstitch, shudu* (ma-) residue (of seeds, when oil is Mashujaa wa Uhuru. Freedom Fighters. 2. shtua, shitua, stua 1. move suddenly /violently; pressed), oil cake. adj. brave, courageous. Cf. ushujaa. shumberere*, shumbulele [Port. J (ma-) sombrero. (fig.) wrench, sprain. — mguu. sprain one's

foot. 2. surprise, startle, shock. 3. remove shufaka*, shafaka (-) sympathy, compassion,

shumbi* ) 1. deep water. 2. heap, — = Ishuka (-, ma-) 1. loincloth. 2. shuka (piece (— ya quickly. — chungu. take a pot off the fire pity. ( huruma.) mchanga. heap of sand. of calico (to keep the contents from burning). 4. elec. about two yards in length, common- ly worn as a loincloth; receive a shock. appZ. shtulia. intr, shtuka. shufu* 1. perceive, notice, detect, see. 2. hence a unit of measure), shumbulele* (ma-) see shumberere. 1. be alarmed/startled. 2. be sprained. watch, observe, look at.

cans, shtusha. Cf. shtuko, mshtuko,

shume (ma-): paka — . large, half-wild tomcat. mshtuo; also jituka (?). shufwa* (— ) math, even number, Cf. witiri. ^shuka intr. of shua.

shumua rare inv. of choma. ) 1. shtuka intr. of shtua. shughuli* (— duty, task, occupation, busi- shuke (— ) see suke. ness, affairs, work, function, career, ana —

shumusi* (— ) see shemshi. shtuko, shituko (ma-) jerk, twitch, shudder; muhimu. He has an important task/piece of ^shukia* appl. of shuku.

(elec.) shock. Cf. shtua. business, kwa — . in the line of business,

shundi (— ) shundi (kind ofbird, coucal). professional(ly). — za nchi. public affairs. = ^shukia intr. -appl. of shua. ( dudumizi, tipitipi.) shtusha* caus. pf shtua. 2. worry, trouble; excitement, disturbance, Cf. shughulika. shukiwa* pass, of shuku. shundwa (— ) shundwa (large striped hyena). shua lower, let down (e.g., a boat into the

water), appl. shulia. intr. shuka (often w. shughulika* 1. be busy/active, have much to do.

shukrani* (— ) thanks, gratitude. (- asante.) shunga 1,: — ng'omba. tend/drive cattle. inv. int. 1. disembark, land; alight, 2. be worried/disturbed/harassed, caus. & force). = Cf. shukuru. ( ^chunga.) 2. rare drive (chase, scare) get out. shuka motokaa. get out of an auto- shughulisha. give work, employ; overburden away. (= fukuza.) — ndege. scare away mobile. 2. fall (to the ground), collapse. 3. someone; disturb, harass, refl.-caus. jishughu- shuku* 1, doubt, have doubts/misgivings/ birds. be steep/precipitous. 4. be humbled/humili- iisha. be busy; be worried/agitated; pretend scruples, suspect, appl. shukia. have ated/depressed, intr. -appl. shukia. get down to be busy, make excuses (for not doing the doubts about something, pass, shukiwa. be ^shungi (ma-) 1. tress, tuft, plait, lock (of hair); from/out of something, caus. shusha (& work at hand). Cf. shughuli. doubted/suspected/suspect, 2. (ma-) doubt, mane (of a lion). 2. crest, plume, comb a caus. -appl. shushia). 1. lower, bring/take (of suspicion. Cf. shaka. cock). 3. fringe, tassel. kishungi, down, discharge (cargo, etc.). shusha shuhuda* (ma-) proof, evidence; testimonial, Cf. ushungi. bendere. haul down a flag. 2. have an diploma. Cf. shahada, shuhudu. shukuru* 1. thank, be grateful, tulimshukuru orgasm (in coitus). 3. uv. land. Cf. mshuko, kwa wema wake. We have thanked him for his mshusho. shuhudia* appZ. of shuhudu. '-shungi pi. of ushungi. kindness. 2. console oneself, be contented/

resigned. Cf. shukrani, ushukuru; also shuarub*, shuarubu (ma-) see sharabu. shuhudika* intr. of shuhudu. shupaa 1. be strong, vigorous, tough, hardy. shakiri. 2. be stubborn, obstinate, unyielding. — maneno.

shubaka* (ma-), kishubaka (vi-) 1. peephole, shuhudisha* caus. of shuhudu. affirm, insist. — mwili. be muscular, caus.

shule* \_Germ. J (— , ma-) rare school, academy. porthole, small opening/window. 2. hiding- shupaza. strengthen, harden, toughen; support, = ( chuo, skuli.) place, niche. 3. mil. loophole, embrasure. shuhudu* prove, confirm, attest, corroborate, confirm, ass. shupana. Cf. shupavu, mshu- certify, appl. shuhudia. intr. shuhu- 4. (shelved) recess in a wall. verify, pavu, ushupavu. dika. caus. shuhudisha. Cf. shahada, shahidi. )

shupatu 484 sibabi sibi 485 sihi

shupatu (ma-) plaited strip (of grass/palm-leaf caus. shutumisha. 2. (ma-) insult, abuse, sibia appl. of *sibu, ^sibu, ^sibu. sifu* 1. praise, recommend. 2. flatter, appl.

fiber) used as lacing for beds. reproach, reprimand, rebuke. sifia. intr. sifika. caus. sifisha. pass.

Isibu*, sibabi abuse, insult, revile; slander. sifiwa. amesifiwa kwa nguvu zake. He was shuzi (ma-) {us. mashuzi; also ushuzi) breaking shupavu adj. firm, hard, tough; stubborn, un- appl. sibia. praised for his strength, refl. jisifu. praise wind, flatulence; stench, prov. shukrani za yielding. Cf. shupaa, mshupavu, ushupavu. oneself, boast. 3. (— ) = *sifa. Cf. ^sifa, punda ni mashuzi. The donkey's gratitude is msifu, masifu, majisifu, mjisifu. Asibu* distress, afflict, cause pain, bring mis- stench, Cf. shuta. ^shupaza causr, shupaa, of fortune, appl. sibia. intr. sibika. Cf. ma- sifunjo* (— ) see sifongo. saibu, msiba, msibu, subiani. shvvari* (— ) naut. calm. ^shupaza* [Port. J (—) cards spades. lsifuri*, sufuri (— ) math. zero. 3 =J k„* U„„. ,1,„ „!„„„ :I:1 :L.. si adv. (is/are) not; non-. — vema. (It is) not shura*, chora [Pers.] (— ) saltpeter, Iini? When did it happen to appl. good, wao — wagonjwa. They are not ill. — you? sibia. ^sifuri* (— ) copper, brass. (= shaba.) Cf. mwanachama. non-member. intr. sibika. caus. sibisha. sufuria. shuri* (ma-) anat. steatopygia.

4sibu*, prophesy, Isia plant (rice, in holes); transplant, set out subu foretell the future. sigara* (— ) see sigereti. shurti* (— ) see sharti. in rows.

sidiboi* L ? J (ma-) native member of the crew sigareti* ) see shuru* see shulu. (— sigereti. of a warship. 2sia drive away ants (with burning grass).

sigereti*, sigareti, sigara [Engl.] (— shurua* (— ) see surua. sidiria* (— ) 1. arch, sidiria (cloth worn by siafu (— ) siafu (kind of brown ant). cigarette, cigar. native women to support the breasts), 2. shuruti* 1. oblige, compel, necessitate, appl. (recent) brassiere. (= kanchiri.) ) cream. siagi* (— butter, sigida* (— ) see sijida. shurutia. caus. shurutisha, shurutiza.

oblige, compel = shuruti); demand, insist on. ( sidukia* intr. of suduku. /scream. sihi. siaha* (— ) loud cry Cf. signali* [Engl. ] (— ) 1. signal. 2. naut. helio- ass. shurutiana. obligate/make terms with graph. each other; make a bet/wager. 2. (ma-) = siala* (ma-) see swali. Isifa*, sifu (— ) 1. praise, commendation; sharti. Cf. sharti, shurutisho, mshurutisho. applause; recommendation. 2. reputation, siha* (— ) strength, good constitution, health.

siasa* (— ) 1. politics, political activity. 2. character. — zake njema. He has a good shurutisho* (ma-) compulsion, pressure; stipu- policy. — ya fungamana. policy of alignment. reputation. 3. gramm. adjective. Cf. sifu, Isihi* be acceptable/appropriate /suitable. lation. Cf. shuruti.

chama cha — . political party, maongozi ya kisifa.

— . political platform, mtu wa — . politician. shusha caus. of shua. 2sihi* call, cry; beg, beseech, implore, appl. —a — . political. 3. attentiveness, careful- ^sifa* [Port. ] (— ) shark-oil (used for caulking sihia. intr. sihika. Cf. siaha. accuracy; tact, mtu mwenye — . a ness, boats). shuta break wind. Cf. shuzi. tactful/diplomatic person, hana — . He is sihia* 1. transfer. — mali. transfer (ownership tactless/indiscreet. 4. adv. careful, orderly, sport sifia* appl. of sifu. = shuti* [Engl.'] (-) 1. shooting, firing. 2. of) property. 2. appl. of ^sihi. meticulous. shot, stroke, drive.

sifongo*, sifonjo, sifunjo (— ) sponge. sihiri* 1. enchant, bewitch, fascinate, appl. sibabi* see siibu. 1. nag; abuse, insult; reproach, shutumu* scold, sihiria. 2, (— ) witchcraft, magic. 3. charm, shutumika. sifonjo* (— ) see sifongo. find fault, appl. shutumia. intr. talisman, Cf. usihiri. . )

sijafu 486 silasila ilika 487

sijafu* [Pers. ] (_) cult (of a coat, etc.). sikitiko (ma-) grief, sorrow; cause of sorrow/ silika*, sirika (— ) 1. character, nature, disposi- (another's misfortune, discomfiture); mock,

regret; object of pity. Cf. sikitika. tion, ana — mbaya. He has a bad character. deride, ass. simangana. reproach/blame each

sijambo see jambo. 2. instinct. other. Cf. usimango.

sikivu see sikilivu. sijida*, sigida (-) sijida (a calloused place silimu* be converted to Islam, turn Muham- simango (ma-) see usimango.

on the foreheads of Muhammadans caused by sikizano (ma-) {us. masikizano) mutual under- madan. intr. silimika. caus. silimisha. Cf.

the traditional prostrations at prayer). Islamu, Kiislamu, msalimina, Mwislamu. simanzi (— ) sorrow, sadness, grief, distress. Cf. standing, agreement, pata — . reach an under- sujudu. standing, hali ya amani na masikizano. peace-

ful coexistence. Cf. sikia. silinda* \_Engl.j (ma-) cylinder. simba (— , ma-) 1. lion {also — dume). — j ike. siki* [PersJ {- vinegar. lioness. — mrara. large spotted hyena. 2.

-i .1 1 .. ... Tr. , "I , > - - r^ ... , , . ,, iKoiojia- Lznguj \-) see saikoloji. silingi-, slingi \_cngt. sungj \—) windlass, fig. brave person, courageous warrior. 3. fig. sikia 1. hear. 2. listen, pay attention. 3. winch, derrick, crane. cruel /bloodthirsty person. 4. fig. fine,

notice, understand. 4. obey, mtoto huyi healthy child. Isiku (— ) day (= period of 24 hours). - zote {or hasikii. This child does not obey. 5. per- silisila* (— see silasila. sikuzote). always, — hizi. now, at this time;

ceive, detect, nasikia harufu. I notice/ nowadays, at present. — za kale, formerly, *simbi (— ) simbi (small cowry shell).

detect a smell, appl. sikilia. listen to/for sima (— ) dial, sima (a thick porridge made of in ancient times, kila — . every day, daily. something, intr. sikika. be audible/per- flour and water; = ugali). — — . from day . kwa to day. — hata — day ^simbi (— , ma-) see shimbi. ceptible/noticeable, caus. sikiza. make after day. — ya mwaka mpya. New Year's someone understand/obey, appl.-caus. (us. simadi* to manure (a field, etc., with natural Day. Cf. sikukuu. usiku. simbu see sumba. w. int. force) sikiliza. listen intently, appl.- fertilizer; cf. samadij. caus. -ass. sikilizana. listen to each other, (double- ^siku pi. of usiku. sime (ma-) 1. large knife. 2. short come to an understanding, caus. -ass. simama stand, be in an upright position; stand siki- edged) sword. zana. be intelligible to each other, under- up, rise; stand still, stop, be stationary; sikukuu (— ) holiday, festival. Cf. ^siku. appl. stand each other's languages. Cf. sikilivu, (fig.) be steady/steadfast/immovable, = simika ( simamika) intr. of simama. sikio, sikizano, msikiaji, msikilivu, msiki- simamia. 1. confront/oppose someone. 2. sikuzote see siku. lizaji, msikilizano, usikilizaji, usikivu, supervise, superintend, direct, manage, intr. simile*, sumile, similla! (< bismillahi, q.v.) usikizano. simamika, simika. 1. stand, be upright sila* Lfers.J (— ) dipper, scoop, bailer. (= ndoo, inter j. Make way! Gangway! = simama). 2. be erect (of the penis), ^kata.) ( sikilivu, sikivu adj. be attentive, obedient, have an erection. 3. set up, establish, similla!* see simile. docile, teachable. Cf. sikia. appoint, caus. simamisha. 1. cause to stand, silabi*, silabu LEngl.J (— ) syllable. make steady, stabilize. 2. (cause to) stop, simiri* see shimiri. election). sikio (ma-) 1. ear. tega — . listen carefully. obstruct. 3. put up (a candidate for silabu* (— ) see silabi. prices, inv. simua. tia — . remember, toga —. pierce the earlobe simamisha bei. stabilize ^simo* [_Pers. ?](— ) 1. something remarkable/ position, (for earrings). 2. rare feeling, sensation. move from a vertical to a horizontal noteworthy, event, news. 2. rare kind, sort, Isilaha*, selaha ) weapon, (shika) — (— twaa overturn, inv. -appl. simulia. 3. fig.: — la simu. telephone receiver. Cf. lower, lay down, 3. adj. new, novel, strange. arm oneself, take up arms. — za viini. nuclear quality. sikia. inv. -intr. simulika. Cf. msimamazi, msimiko, weapons. usimamao, usimamizi, usimeme. 2simo neg. 1st pers. sing. det. 1. I am not (in) sikitika be sorry, regret; grieve, mourn for, there. 2. It is no concern of mine. miss. appl. sikitikia. caus. sikitikisha, 2silaha* (ma-) see masilaha. simanga 1. exult, triumph (over something). fig.

sikitisha. grieve (someone), make sorry, 2. gloat over, take a malicious pleasure in

silasila*, salasila, silisila (— ) chain, anchor- sadden. Cf. sikitiko. chain. . ,

singafuri

489

simsim* (_) see semsem. an injection/shot, vaccinate, dawa ya — vaccine, serum. 3. magnetic needle. 4„: — to singe* [Turk. J (— ) bayonet. (- beneti.) caus. sinzisha. put/lull sleep. Cf. *simu* [Pers.] (-) 1„ telegraph, telegraphy. ya santuri. phonograph-needle. usingizi.

uzi wa — . telegraph wire, — ya upepo. wire- singefuri*, singafuri (— ) see zingefuri. less (telegraphy). 2. telegram, peleka -. ^sindano (-) sindano (kind of rice). sio (— ) grog (powdered potsherds, mixed with send a telegram, wire, pata — . receive a singiza {us. appl. singizia) 1. accuse falsely, clay for making new pots).

telegram. 3. telephone, telephone conversa- sindi (— ) dial. see kindi. slander, calumniate. 2. pretend, feign. tion, = piga/sema kwa — . to telephone, call walinisingizia. I have been falsely accused. -siofaa impotent (sexually). ( hanithi.) Cf.

up. pigivva — . be called up. sindika, shindika intr. of shinda. appl.-refl. jisingizia. amejisingizia ugonjwa.

He pretended to be ill. Cf. singizio.

• i ^simu (— ) simu (kind of small fish, snrat). 1„:_ J-l i.i.,. . - -.-..uiMz.tt, siimuiKiza uur.-mt. of "shinda.

( = dagaa.) singizio (ma-) {us. masingizio) 1. false accusa-

tion, slander, calumny. 2. pretense, sham, sira* (ma-) {us. pi.) residue, lees, dregs. — "^sindikiza go part of the way with someone la pombe. residue formed when beer is simua inv. of simama. make-believe, pretext. Cf. singiza. (e.g., a departing guest), give (someone) a brewed. (= masimbi.) send-off (prob. a_specialized sense of

Isini* (— ) appearance, features (of the face). ^simulia*, sumulia tell (a story), relate, nar- *sindikiza; cf. ^shinda,). siraji* (— ) rare lamp, candlestick, torch. rate, report, give an of. account appl. si- 2 (= taa.) mulika. caus. simulisha. ass. simuliana. sindikizo (ma-) see shindikizo. 'Sini*, Sina sing. China. (= China, Chaina.)

converse, carry on a conversation. Cf. si- lsiri* 1. (— ) secret, secrecy; mystery. mulizi, msimulizi. sindua, shindua inv. of shinda. sinia* (— , ma-) tray.

maneno ya— . mysterious/unintelligible

words, mwandiko wa — . code, cipher, kwa 2 sine* (ma-) anat. gum(s) the sinikiza see shinikiza. simulia inv. -appl. of simama. (of teeth). = — . secretly, mysteriously. 2. v., rare ( ufizi.) secrete, hide. us. refl, jisiri. secrete one- sinikizo (ma-) see shinikizo. simulika inv.-intr. of simama. self, appl. siria. Cf. msiri. sinema* \_Engl. J (— ) 1. cinema, motion pictures,

movies, movie theater. 2. sinua turn/push over; uproot, tear out. intr. simulizi* (ma-) {us. masimulizi) 1. news, fig., coll. spectacle, ^siri* rare become, turn/change into. occurrence, episode, hapo sokoni tuliona — sinuka. intr.-appl. sinukia. lie every which report. 2. story, legend. Cf. simulia. wanawake vvawili walipigana. In the market we way/in confusion/pell-mell, intr.-caus.

witnessed the spectacle of two women fighting. sinukisha. turn something upside down. siridado* sing, dry rot. *sina neg. auxil. v. 1st pers. sing. I do not have. sineri* Und.J {—) (gold, silver) foil/leaf. sinyaa 1. wither, shrivel, become wrinkled. sirika* (— ) see silika.

2. fade (of colors), become discolored, appl. Sina* sing. see Sini. Isinga rub/massage with an aromatic substance. sinyalia. Isirima* make someone wait, try a person's

— kwa sandali. massage with sandalwood oil. patience by letting him wait; (fig.) torture. sinasina be on the verge of tears, be ready to sinzia 1. doze, daydream. 2. fig. be absent- cry. indolent/in- minded/inattentive. 3. fig. be 2sirima rare see ^sisiraa. ^singa pi. of usinga. different/negligent. 4. fig. lose strength,

^sindano, shindano (ma-) 1. needle. 2. med. become weaker, taa inasinzia. The light is sirinji* LEngl. J (— ) med. syringe. singafuri* (—) see singefuri.

injection, vaccination, shot, piga — . give getting weaker/fainter, appl. sinzilia. kwa macho ya kusinzilia. with dreamy eyes. sisi {rare siye) abs. pron. Jst pers. pi. we. — sote. all of us. — tunakwenda. We shall go. 490 skati skauti 491

1 skauti* LEngl. J (ma-) scout, spy. sisima (rare sirima) smooth a surface; oil, circumstances, miti imesitawi. The trees ^soga (— ) elhn. blood-brotherhood.

grease, lubricate. are thriving, caus. sitawisha. cause to

skeli* \_Engl. J ) mus. scale. — ya prosper, (— do. help to succeed, encourage, promote, ^sogea, songea move (closer, further away). major scale. — ya la. minor scale. 2 • • further, ^sisima see sisimua. jumuiya ya kusitawishi Kiswahili. — mbali! Go away! — karibu! Come here! Society for the Promotion of the Swahili appl. sogelea. caus. sogeza. move some- sketa* (— ) see skati. Language. Cf. usitawi. sisimizi (— ) sisimizi (small black ant). one (closer, further away), appl.-ass.

sogeleana. come nearer to each other, draw skrubu*, skurubu \_Engl. J (— ) screw, bolt; siti* (—) rare, liter, lady (of the house); (in sisimka intr. of sisimua. together. corkscrew. address) madam. (- bibi, mwana.)

sisimsba cans, of sisimua. ^sogea (— ) sogea (kind of manioc). skuli* LEngl. J, rare shule \_Cerm. J (— ) school. sitima* (— ) see stima. — ndogo. rare, elementary school. — ya kali, sisimua, sisima tremble (with fright) appl. sogi* (ma-) see shogi. intermediate school. = sitini* num. sixty. ( chuo.) sisimulia, intr. sisimuka, sisimka. be

excited/stimulated (also sexually), have sogonea wipe oneself (with grass, etc., after skurubu* ) see skrubu. sitiri* see stiri. (— gooseflesh (from fear), cans, sisimusha, going to the toilet).

sisimsha. frighten, terrify; excite, stimulate, skuta* \_Engl. (motor-)scooter. sitoo* (ma-) see stoo. J (— ) arouse interest. Cf. msisimko. sogora (ma-) sogora (a skilful drummer).

skweya* LEngl. (carpenter's, mason's) sivyo, siyo no. J (— ) 1. 2. sisitiza say emphatically, emphasize. soka* LEngl. J (— ) rare soccer, square. advise, urge, warn (repeatedly), ass. sisi- ^siwa (ma-) augment, of kisiwa. tizana. give each other good advice. sokisi* (— ) see soksi. skwota* LEngl. J (ma-) squatter (on land). sista* LEngl.] (ma-) sister, nurse. 2siwa* (ma-) arch, horn, trumpet (of wood or soko* (— , ma-) (established) market, market- slingi* (— ) see silingi. ivory; emblem of a chief). place, trading center. — la shirikisho.

Isita, sitasita 1. walk/move slowly or uncer- common market. '•soda* LEngl.] (— ) soda, soda water, mineral tainly; dawdle. 2. be uncertain/perplexed, siyara* (— ) nature, character; behavior, conduct. water. hesitate, waver, vacillate, bila kusita. with- sokota 1. twist, twine, spin, roll (e.g., a

out hesitation, constantly. siye rare see sisi. cigarette, the hair), wind. 2. fig. have colic

Asoda* (— ) dejection, melancholy. pains, opp^. sokotea. intr. sokoteka. caus.

siyo see sivyo. sokotesha. Cf. sokoto, msokoto. ^sita* num. six. —a — . sixth. sodawi* adj. proud, arrogant. Cf. usodawi,

-siyoepukika unavoidable, inevitable, mahanga sokoto (ma-) 1. something twisted, twine, rope, sitaha* (— ) see ^staha. ) menstruation). isiyoepukika. inevitable sacrifices. Cf. epa. sodo* (— sodo (cloth used during 2. med. colic. Cf. sokota.

sitashara* num., arch, sixteen. sofa, 2. seat (of an sizi (mi-, ma-) (us. pi.) 1. soot. 2. piece of sofa \_Engl.~] (-) 1. couch. soksi*, sokisi LEngl. J {—) socks, stockings,

charcoal. automobile). — ndefu. stockings. sitasita see *sita.

skati*, sketa LEngl. J (— ) skirt, coattail. *soga* (ma-) chat, conversation. sokwe (— ) chimpanzee. sitawi*, stawi bloom, flourish, prosper; be in

good condition, be successful, live in easy 493 staarabu 492

sonoa harm, injure (someone), cause pain; dis- landed; be beached/run ashore, caus. *soli* [Turk.] (— ) mil., arch, sergeant major. sonara* [ind.] (-) jeweler, goldsmith, silver- turb, annoy, irritate, bore. Cf. sonona. sozesha. ass. sozana. 1. approach/accost smith. someone. 2. bump against each other, 2soli adv. unexpectedly, face to face. sonona, sununa grieve, regret, mourn; feel collide. songa 1. press, compress, squeeze. 2. crowd, sorrow/pain. appl. sononea. intr. sononeka. throng. 3. apply pressure, close (by exerting 3soIi* [Engl. ] (_) sole (of a shoe). be sorrowful /depressed /gloomy /melancholy/ spaki* [.Engl. J (—) spark, flame. pressure); choke, throttle. — roho. strangle. out-of-sorts. caus. sononesha. cause some- 4. fig. oppress, weigh down, overwhelm. solo, soro (— ) solo (seeds of the msolo tree, one pain/sorrow; annoy /irritate someone. spesheli* [Engl.~\ adj. /adv. special(ly). taabu zinanisonga. My troubles are weighing used as counters in games). Cf. sonoa, sononeko, kisonono, usononi. me down. 5. press forward, make progress. spidi* [Engl.'] (-) speed. fi„ twist, hraid. _ nvwele- brf.id the hair. soma 1. read; read aloud, recite. — kitabu. sononeko (ma-) sorrow, trouble, care, grief, appl. songea. intr. songeka. caus. songesha. read a book. — shairi. recite a poem. 2, suffering; unrest, excitement. Cf. sonona. spika* [Engl.] (— ) speaker (in parliament, stat. songama. ass. songana. push/jostle learn by heart. 3. go to school, receive of a radio, etc.). each other (in a crowd); oppress with taxation. education, mtoto huyu anasoma. This child sonya see fyonya. stat.-ass. songamana. be rolled/pressed to- goes to school/can read, umesoma nini spiringi*, springi [Engl. J (-) mech. spring, gether; writhe, wriggle, stat.-caus. songamiza. did . — . springy, skuli? What you learn at school? 4. soro (— ) see solo. kitanda cha — spring bed. —a disgrace/embarrass publicly; accuse publicly. study, appl. somea. intr. someka. be de- resilient. inv. songoa. twist, wring, songoa nguo. wring cipherable/legible, caus. somesha. send to sororo (— ) sororo (edible sea fish). out clothes, songoa kuku. wring a chicken's school, teach to read; instruct. Cf. ^somo, spoki* [Engl.] (-) spoke (of a wheel). neck, inv.-appl. songolea. inv. -intr. songoka. kisomo, masomo, ^msoma, msomaji, mso- soshialisti* [Engl. J socialist. inv.-ass. songona. inv.-ass.-caus. songonyoa meshaji, msomo, usomaji. spoti* [Engl. ] (-) sport. (w. int. force), press tightly together, pack sosi* l_Engl.~\ (-) sauce. tight (one thing on top of another), inv.-stat.- somba carry, transport, convey. — mchanga. springi* (— ) see spiringi. int. (rare), songomeza. roll up, coil, nyoka transport sand. sosona see kokona. anajisongomeza. The snake is coiling itself spuni* [Engl.] (— ) rare spoon. (= kijiko, = up. Cf. songo, kisongo, msonga, msongano, sombea, sombera 1. climb (a tree, etc.). 2. sota, sowera slide, drag oneself (on the *mwiko.) msongo. sota. buttocks, as one who has lost the use of

his legs). staajabu*, taajabu 1. be astonished/amazed. songea see l c sombera nbea. appl. staajabia. intr. staajabika. be amazed/

sote see ote, sisi. speechless, caus. staajabisha. astonish, sombo (ma-) see masombo. '-songea appl. of songa. amaze. 2. (ma-) (us. mastaajabu) astonish- ment, amazement; an amazing thing, wonder, sotoka (— ) see sadoka.

songo (ma-) 1. twisting, writhing. 2. loop, miracle. Cf. ajabu. Isomo (ma-) 1. something to read, reading noose. 3. twist, coil, braid. — la nywele. matter. 2. lesson. 3. education, study. 4. a braid of hair, Cf. songa. staamani* see amini. section, paragraph. Cf. soma. soza 1. reach (one's destination), arrive.

songomeza inv.-stat.-int. of songa. naut.: - pwani. land. fig. be high and dry/ staarabika* see staarabu. 2somo (ma-) 1. (intimate, confidential) friend. without resources. 2.: — kidole. point with 2. a women who instructs a young girl in soni (— ) shame, modesty, timidity. the finger, appl. sozea. intr. sozeka. 1. be staarabu* [us. intr. staarabika) 1. (originally) sexual matters; assistant at initiation rites. suitable for a landing (of a place). 2. have be Arabized, live according to Arab customs. 3. namesake. .

stadi 494 starehe 495 Btoki

2. fig. adopt Western/European ways, be stahilika. caus. stahilisha. 3. (also (-) reticence, reserve. 4= proper covering (of steringi* [Engl. J (_) rare see stiringi. civilized/cultivated, show good manners/ astahili) merit, worthiness. 4. adj. worthy, the genitals). Cf. stiri. breeding, caus. staarabisha. 3. adj. civi- deserving; suitable, qualified; obligatory. stesheni* [Engl. J (— ) station, stopping- lized, wise. Cf. mstaarabu, ustaarabu. Cf. ustahili. starehe* 1. (— ) rest, peace, ease. 2. (in re- place). — ya mafuta/petroli. gas station.

sponse to the greeting karibu ! Come in!) — ya redio. radio station. — za mabomba stadi* 1. (ma-) experienced/capable/skilful stahimili* endure, suffer, stand, put up with; Don't disturb yourself! Keep your seat! 3. ya kuvutia maji. pumping station. person. 2. adj. experienced, capable, skilful. be patient, persevere, appl. stahimilia. intr. comfort, well-being, prosperity, vitu vya — Cf. mstadi, ustadi. stahimilika. be patient/long-suffering; be luxuries. 4. recent welfare, recreation. 5. stichi* LEngl.J (—) 1. stitch. 2. loop, eyelet, persevering/persistent. Cf. hamali. v. live quietly /peacefully; be in comfortable catch. stafeli* [ind.] (-, ma-) 1. fruit of the mstafeli, circumstances/well off. siku hizi amestarehe.

O. V. 2. cinnamnn ( = cf^;™;],-..,,* „J; . :_- -•-._ . " /• |'i-io. = i.cilL, r"-""~»^'»"K, At present he is living in comfortable circum- stihizai*, stihizaya see hizi. tenacious, stubborn; patient, long-suffering. stances, caus. starehesha. make comfortable, ^staha*, Cf. hamali. sitaha (—) naut. deck. relieve, give aid to. Cf. raha, starehevu, stima*, sitima LEngl.J (—) 1. steamer, steam- = mustarehe. ship. 2. electricity, electric light ( umeme); stahivu* adj., rare deserving respect, estimable, utilities. Wizara ya Kazi na Stima. Ministry ^staha* (—) honor, respect, esteem, reverence, honorable. stahi. Cf. starehefu* adj. see starehevu. of Public Works and Utilities. deference, toa — . show respect. Cf. stahi.

staili* [Engl."] (-) style, manner. starehefu adj. quiet, peaceful; stimu* [.Engl. J (—) 1. arch, steam. 2. current stahabu*, stahiba, stehebu like, prefer, favor. starehevu*, = raha, starehe. air). 3. now rare electricity ( umeme). Cf. ihebu^haba. comfortable. Cf. (of staka* (— ) sandal. taa za — . electric light. — ya njia kuu.

stashahada* (— ) evidence, testimony, deposi- main (electrical) line, majiko ya — . electric stahi* honor, respect, revere, appl. stahia. stakabadhi* 1. turn over/deliver (for safekeeping/ tion; certificate, receipt; bill, account. Cf. stove/cooker. — kubwa. high tension/volt- ass. stahiana. intr. stahika. Cf. ^staha, deposit). — pesa. tum over/entrust/deposit shahada. age. stahivu, mstahivu, ustahivu. money. 2. (—) (also istakabadhi) care, safe-

keeping, deposit; (acknowledgement of) re- [Engl. ] (— ) start, tia (piga) — . start (a stiri*, sitiri, setiri 1. hide, conceal. 2. cover stahiba see stahabu. stati* ceipt, quittance. Cf. kabidhi. car), alipopiga — ile motokaa haikuwaka. (up). 3. fig. protect, preserve, appi. stiria.

When he stepped on the starter the engine intr. stirika. be concealed, keep oneself stahika* be upright/worthy/respected. Cf. haki. stakimu* thrive, prosper, be successful. Cf. didn't turn over. hidden; be safe/not to be found/out of mastakimu. harm's way. caus. stirisha. hide/conceal stahiki* 1. be fitting/proper/suitable; be worthy/ stawi* see sitawi. someone, keep safe, Cf. stara, kisetiri, deserving of; be obligatory. 2. adj. worthy, stampa* [Engl. J (—) rare (rubber,_metal) mstiri. deserving; respected, honorable. Cf. haki. stamp, punch; mark, stamp. (= *chapa, stedi* [Engl. ] adj. steady, firm, hard. muhuri.) stiringi*, steringi, steling [Engl. J (—) stahili* 1. merit, deserve, Juma, wee mkaidi stehebu* see stahabu. steering wheel. sana siku hizi, wastahili kupigwa. Juma, you stampu*, stempu LEngl.J (— ) (postage) stamp. are very naughty these days; you deserve a see stiringi. steling* (— ) rare stoa* (— ) see stoo. beating. 2. be fitting/proper; be due, be standi*, stendi LEngl.J (—) rare stand, obligatory. Amepata kazi nzuri sana, si — stopping-place, bus stop. stempu* (-) see stampu. stoki*, stokingi [Engl. J (— ) rare stocking(s). yake. He has a very good job; in fact it is = ( soksi [ndefuj.) too good for him. appl. stahilia. intr. stara* 1. (— ) cover, concealment. 2. (place stendi* [Engl.] (-) see standi. of) refuge, asylum. 3. fig. modesty, 496 sugua

497 llisuli

stoo*, sitoo, stoa [Engl.l (-) 1. store, shop. *subu* cast, mold (metals), appl. subia. 2. storehouse, warehouse, 3, stock, supply. intr. subika. caus. subisha. smooth a cement floor, intr. suguika. be/ sukari* (-) sugar. — mchanga/cheucheu/ become hard/insensitive, appl. sugulia. chembechembe. granulated sugar. — ya mawe. stovu* [Engl. ] (-) stove. appl. /caus. sugulisha. lump sugar. kisukari. ^subu* see ^sibu. Cf. sugu, suguo, Cf. usugu. stua see shtua. suke, shuke (— ) ear (of grain). subukua jab someone with the finger (as a sign

suguo (— ) 1. (coarse) whetstone, strop. 2. of contempt). Cf. msubukuo. stuka, shtuka intr. of shtua. scraper. Cf. sugua. sukua inv. of suka.

sudi* (— ) rare good luck, success. stusha caus. shtua. of = 1. push, shove; aside, crowd, suheli* sing, (in the) south. ( kusini.) sukuma push jostle, hatfai knsiikiima waipp. One should .^uuun.u viio,. mil. suuuKia, siauKia; i. contirm, *sua eject, spit out. — not elderly aside. 2. urge maji. spit out water suhuba* (— , ma-) see sahibu. push people on, verify, make sure, prove. 2. admit, accept, (after rinsing the mouth), refl. jisua. retch, incite, spur on, stimulate, encourage, appl. agree, concur. Cf. sadiki. vomit. Cf. masuo. suhubiana* (rare suhubu) be good friends, be on sukumia. intr. sukumika. int. sukumiza.

intimate terms. Cf. sahibu, mamsahib, usu- drive on, push forward; drive back, ward off; sudusi* (— ) see sudusu. incite, stimulate, sukumiza gari. drive a car ^sua clean, rub, brush. — meno. clean the huba. fast, taabu. ward off difficulties. teeth. sukumiza sudusu*, sudusi (— ) a sixth. jhubu* see suhubiana.hubis ass. sukumana. shove/crowd each other, o kwa kusukumana. with much crowding/ sufi*, sua see sulika. sufu (— ) (also usufi sing.) 1. kapok. Cf. prostrate oneself, down, worship; jostling. Cf. ^suka, kisukumi, kisukumizi, msufi. 2. (commercial) wool, woolen cloth. sujudu* bow msukumizi, msukumano, usukumizi. implore. oppZ. sujudia. intr. sujudika. cons. subahiya* (— ) see subaya. sujudisha. cause someone to bow down; con- sufii* (— ) hermit, pious/saintly person. Cf. sukutu* 1. rare be still/quiet/silent. 2. inter;.: usufii. vert (to Islam). Cf. sijida. subalkheri* (— ) see sabalkheri. askut! Be still! Silence!

sufu* (—) see sufi. braid the subana* (— ) 1. (also subano) thimble. *suka twist, plait, braid. — nywele. sukutua 1. rinse the mouth, gargle (before and = a inv. ( kastabini.) 2. small piece of meat. hair. — mkeka. plait mat. sukua. un- after meals), dawa ya kusukutua. mouth- sufuri* (— ) see sifuri. twist, loosen, sukua nazi. remove a coconut wash, gargle. 2. rare, fig. eat. from its shell. ^msuka, *msuko, msusi, subano* (— ) see subana. Cf.

sufuria* (— , ma-) (metal) cooking-pot. Cf. ususi. 2 sulibi*, sulubu 1. force, compel. 2. torment, sifuri. subaya*, subahiya (— ) cloth covering a bier, torture. 3. rel. crucify, appl. sulibia. intr. pall. quickly back and forth, shake, rock. 2suka move sulibika, sulubika. be forced (to work); be sugu (— ) 1. callous, callosity; corn (on the foot); the tail. — (us. sukasuka) mkia. wag — accustomed to hard work; be strong/hard/ wart. 2. callousness, want of feeling, in- subiani* (ma-) an evil spirit. Cf. ^sibu. fig. milk. — kichwa. shake the maziwa. churn firm. caus. sulibisha = sulibi. pass, su- sensitivity, heartlessness, apathy, mtu — . a head. red. sukasuka. 1. - suka. 2. cause libiwa. Cf. ^sulubu, msalaba. coarse/unfeeling person. Cf. sugua, usugu. subili* (— ) subili (species of aloe). Cf. someone trouble, disturb, worry, appl. sukia. msubili. mashine ya kusukia maziwa. centrifuge, sulika* (rare sua) feel unwell, be dizzy/faint, sugua rub, scour, clean, polish. — meno. clean msukano, (cream) separator. Cf. masuko, be subject to vertigo. Cf. sulisuli. the teeth. — kisu. whet a knife (by stroking subira*, subiri see saburi. ^msuko. it against an earthenware pot). — sakafu.

sulisuli* (— ) dizziness, vertigo. Cf. sulika. sukani* (ma-) see usukani. sumbulio 499 sultani 498 sumbuko

sumbulio (ma-) 1. = sumbuo 1, 2. 2. persecu- sunobari* (-) sunobari (kind of pine wood). sultani* (ma-) sultan, ruler, monarch. Cf. suluhu* see suluhi. Cf. tion, oppression, subjugation. Cf. sumbua. msunobari. usultani.

Isululu, sururu (— ) 1. pickax, 2. zool. sword- sumbuo, sumbuko (ma-) 1. unrest, disquiet, snlu adv.: piga — . rub, polish, scour. fish. anxiety. 2. trouble, annoyance, vexation,

teasing. 3. hindrance, obstacle, difficulty. sunza 1. part with reluctantly, give grudgingly; sulubika* intr. of sulibi. ^sululu adv. at the same time, simultaneously. Cf. sumbua. move hesitantly/uncertainly. — mguu (mkono). (- sare.) grope one's way (in the dark). - teo (kombea). *sulubu* (— ) (also usulubu sing.) 1. (power of) sumile!* see simile! throw with a sling. 2. tease, annoy. resistance, strong constitution, stamina. 2. = 3sululu (— ) ornith. curlew. ( kipila.) strength, energy; exertion, effort, kazi ya sunzu (,— ) sunzu (a tuft of hair left when the rest kuchimba makaa ni ya — sana. Coal-mining is sumaku* (— ) magnet, —a — . magnetic. of the head is shaved), very hard work. Cf. sulibi. sumu* 1. poison. — mshale. to poison an arrow.

appl. intr. *sumba, simbu light, ignite, kindle (a fire). sumia. sumika. caus. sumisha. supu* LEngl.} (— ) soup, gravy, nywa — . eat ^sulubu* see sulibi. 2. (— ) poison, venom, virus, lisha — . give (lit.: drink) soup.

poison (to someone), kwa — . poisonous. 'sumba sell at a much reduced price (under — suluhi*, suluhu, selehi 1. improve, perfect. 2. ya kuambukiza. me.d. virus. Isura* pressure of circumstances). (— ) 1. look, appearance, expression (of reconcile; adapt, adjust, accommodate; effect sumughu* (— gum(-arabic). ) the face), ana — nzuri. She is attractive in an understanding/agreement; come to terms, appearance/makes a pleasing impression. ^sumba: ana kichwa cha msumba. He is reach a compromise, appl. suluhia. appl.-ass. sumulia see *simulia. 2. similarity, resemblance. annoyed/worried. Ana sura kama suluhiana. make peace with each other, become ya mama yake. She looks like her mother. be re- = adjusted to each other, intr. suluhika. suna* 1. ) 2S uni. 2. adj. commendable, (— 3. surface. — ya nchi. surface of the earth. sumbivi (— ) crisis. Cf. sumbua, sumbufu. conciled; be adaptable, caus. suluhisha. creditable, praiseworthy, meritorious, = ( uso.) Cf. kisura. bring into harmony, reconcile, conciliate. sumbua 1. worry, upset, disconcert, distress, suluhisha. sunagogi* LEngl. J (— ) synagogue. katika vita wanaoshindwa huomba 2 torment, harass, annoy, tease. 2. oppress, sura* (-) 1. Isl. surah of the Koran. 2. (in In the war the conquered asked for a cessation subjugate, appl. sumbulia. appl.-ass. gen.) chapter (of a book). of hostilities. 3, suluhu, isilahi (— ) reconcili- sungua sweep up the chaff (after winnowing sumbuliana. get on each other's nerves. ation, agreement, compromise, peace; (sport) grain). intr. sumbuka. be distressed/harassed/ suria* (ma-) hist. 1. female servant (who lives tie. taka/omba — . ask for peace, capitulate. exhausted, caus. sumbusha. (w. int. force) as a concubine with her master). 2. concubine. unanidai sh. 100 (shilingi mia moja), lakini sungura (— ) 1, hare. 2. fig. a shrewd/cunning annoy /torment someone (constantly, inten- Cf. suriama, usuria. kwa kuwa nimevunya kinanda chako, sasa person. tionally). Cf. sumbufu, sumbulio, sumbuo, suluhu yako ni sh. 25 (shilingi ishirini) na masumbuko, msumbufu, usumbufu. suriama* (ma-) 1. suriama (child of a concubine). tano tu. You owe me a hundred shillings, but sungusungu (— ) sungusungu (large black ant). 2. half-caste. Cf. suria. since I have broken your record player, you sumbufu adj. annoying, troublesome, vexatious, owe me only twenty-five shillings Cf. now Isuni* (— ) Isl. Sunnite. yeye ni — . He belongs distressing. Cf. sumbua, msumbufu, usu- surua*, shurua, churua iPers.J (— ) med, msuluhivu, usuluhi. suluhivu, masilaha, to the Sunnite sect. mbufu. measles.

suluhivu* adj., rare conciliatory, peaceable. 2suni*, suna (— ) 1. good tradition, 2, commend- sumbuko (ma-) see sumbuo. suruali*, surwali (— ) trousers, — fupi/kipande. Cf. suluhi. able . 3. (piece of) good advice. shorts (= kaputula), — ndefu. long trousers. .

500 501 taaradhi

*sururu (— ) see ^sululu. 2suta (-) spendthrift, bankrupt person.

2sururu (— ) sururu (kind of beetle which destroys soti* [Engl.] (-) suit (of clothes). taa (— ) 1. obedience, discipline. 2. devotion, taahira* (— ) delay, postponement; respite. Cf. coconut palms). submissiveness, humility. Cf. tii. suto (ma-) (also msuto, mi-) (public), accusa-

snrwali* (— ) see suruali. tion, indictment; rebuke, reprimand. Cf. taajabu* see staajabu. ^taa (— ) lamp, washa (zima) — . light (extin- *suta. guish) a lamp. — ya umeme. 1. electric lamp. sus* (— ) see Isusu. taala*, taa isl. be exalted. Allah — . God is 2. rare electric light bulb. — za mbele, — suuza see suza. most high. kubwa. searchlight, headlight (of an auto-

i •. i > \ . . . . ,,,, *»usa v—; i. tartar (on me leeinj. L. mea. mobile), kinu cha — . electric power plant. suza, suuza rinse — taalamu* be learned; be well educated/well decay, caries. (off). nguo. rinse clothes. — mikono. rinse off the hands (to remove the informed. Cf. elimu, maalum, utaalamu. 3taa (— ) taa (kind of fish: skate, ray). soap). 4susa (& appl. susia) refuse (food, etc., in a taali* learn, study. Cf. mtaala. pout), have nothing to do with, despise, dis- swafi* see safi 1. 4taa see taala. dain; (recent) boycott, sabotage. — amri. taalimu*, taaluma (— ) 1. education, culture. boycott a regulation. swaga drive (cattle). 2. instruction, study. elimu. taa pi. of utaa. Cf.

9 susia see ^susa. Swahili* sing, the . Kiswa- ) taalimu. Cf. taabika* 1. be in difficulty /distress. 2. be taaluma* (— see hili, Mswahili, Uswahili. worried/perturbed, caus. taabisha. distress, *susu*, sus ) licorice. (— taamali* think, reflect, ponder. Cf. taamuli. trouble, worry; oppress. Cf. taabu.

Iswala, swara (— ) swala (impala, Grant's

2susu (— ) 1. clothes-rack, shelf, (etc., on a gazelle). taamamu* take a chance, avail oneself of an taabu (— ) 1. difficulty; toil, trouble, hardship. opportunity. wall). 2. hammock, (child's) cot. 2. inconvenience, annoyance. 3. want, priva-

2swala (ma-) see swali. tion, misery, distress. Cf. taabika. susuika 1, withdraw an accusation when con- taamuli* (_) thought, reflection, meditation.

fronted by the person accused, back down. 2. swali*, swala, siala (ma-) question, nina — taadabu* see adibu. Cf. taamali. bring false charges (against someone). 3. I have a question, Cf. saili. intensively, give the third degree. taanasa* 1. be a pleasure seeker, lead a life question taadhima* (-) 1. fame, splendor, glory. 2. re- of luxury. 2. (-) = anasa. swara (— ) see *swala. spect, esteem, honor. Cf. adhama, taadhimika. susurika wander around, loiter; waste time.

Cf. zurura. taanisi* see anisi. sweta* [.Engl. J (—) sweater. taadhimika* 1. be glorious/majestic/exalted.

2. be honored/respected. Cf. adhama, susuwaa become dry /hard, dry up. taaraa* see taraa. swichi*, swisi [.Engl. J (— ) switch (railw., taadhima. elec). taaradhi*, taaradhia 1. interfere/meddle (in lsnta confront, accuse, make open charges taadi* see tadi. = other people's affairs); concern oneself against a person, ass. sutana. accuse each swila (— ) (spitting) cobra. ( M'ira.) with, become involved in (a matter). 2. other, pass, sutwa. amesutwa mbele ya taahari* delay, procrastinate, be late. Cf. disturb; obstruct, impede. watu. He has been publicly accused. Cf. swisi* (— ) see swichi. ahiri. masuto, msuto, suto. taaradhia 502 tabii tabiki 503 tafuta

spoil tabiki* 1. lie directly taaradhia* see taaradhi. tabangatabanga (by mixing with some- on top of something, ad- the favor). Would you please be so kind. here to, cover, line. thing of an inferior quality), adulterate. 2. be folded/creased. Cf. fadhili. 3. taarifa*, taarifu (— ) report, statement (written be/become attached to, grow fond of (a tabana. person), or spoken); (pol.) communique'. — ya tabanya caus. of appl. tabikia. ass. tabikiana. be tafaka fiki

pamoja. joint communique'. Cf. arifu. close friends, caus. tabikisha. put on top

tabaradi*, tabaridi, tabarudu see burudi. of, cover; fold; paste/glue together; (fig.) tafaraji*, tafaruji enjoy /amuse oneself, find establish friendly contacts. taarifu* (— ) see taarifa. Cf. tabaka. relaxation. Cf. tafrija. tabaruki*, tabaruku 1. Isl. gather for prayer.

2. gather for social purposes (conversation, tabiri* foretell, taashira* (— ) see ishara. predict, tell fortunes, interpret tafaruji* see tafaraji.

etc.). 3. dedicate. — kanisa. dedicate a dreams; (in gen.) explain, interpret, appl. taataa* 1. move restlessly; toss, writhe (in church. Cf. baraka. tabiria. intr. tabirika. caus. tabirisha. Cf. tafauti* (— ) see tofauti.

pain). 2. be confused/bewildered, talk inco- mtabiri, utabiri. tabaruki. herently. tabaruku* see tafi (— ) see tasi.

tabu (— ) see taba.

tabasamu* 1. smile. (= *cheka.) 2. fig. be tafiti* taathiri* (— ) effect, influence, Cf. athari. 1. interfere, meddle, pry. 2. be inquisi-

hypocritical, feign innocence. 3. (— ) smile, tabua break/tear off, pluck, appl. tabulia. tive/critical. Cf. fatiisha, tafuta, mtafitaji, = grin, smirk. ( kicheko.) intr. tabulika. taba. mtafiti, taba, tabu, tabutabu (— ) 1. piece, fragment, Cf. utafiti.

scrap. 2. strip of palm leaf (for plaiting

tabasuri* (— ) see busara. tabulia baskets). Cf. tabua. appl. of tabua. taflisi* (-) bankruptcy. (= ufilisi.)

= tabawali*, dabaulo rare urinate. kojoa.) tabahani* be learned/well-educated. ( tabura* (— ) mil. training, drill. tafrija*, tafriji (— ) entertainment, amusement, relaxation, diversion; party, reception; con-

) 1. (natural) environment, (geographi- tabia* (— tabutabu (— ) see taba. cert. tafaraji. tabaka* (— , ma-) 1. cover, lid. fig. — moja. Cf. cal, climatic) features/conditions. 2. nature, side by side, close together, nearby. 2. lining character, disposition (of people), property (of a garment). 3. fold, crease, - ya suruali. tadaraki*, tadariki see diriki. lafsiri* 1. explain, interpret, comment on. 2. a thing). (ironed) crease (in trousers). 4. layer, stra- (of translate, interpret. 3. (ma-) explanation, tadhibiri*, interpretation, commentary; tum; class (of society). — za makaa (madini). tadubiri 1, put in order, mend, repair, translation. Cf.

bed/deposit of coal (ore), — ya tanuu. charge/ Mabibia* treat (medically), cure, nurse back revise. 2. look/hunt for, search. fasiri. = batch (in a lime kiln), mapigiano ya kitabaka. to health. ( nibu.) intr. tabibika. pass. * tadi* taadi 1. transgress, observe, tafuna chew, gnaw, nibble. comm. class struggle. Cf. tabiki. tabibwa. Cf. Uiba, tibu, tabibu. violate, not Cf. matafuni,

fail to comply with (customs, laws). 2. of- mtafuni, mtafuno.

snuffbox. fend (someone), mistreat, abuse, bully. 3. labakelo* [Tort. ] (-) tobacco-case, 2 ta (,ibia* (-) see tiba. tafuta* 1. look/hunt for, attack. appL tadia. 4. (— ) {also utadi, search, — vitu. hunt

sing.) violation, infraction; offense, insult; for things, — ugomvi. look for trouble, pick tabakwa be/become poor/impoverished, fall tabibu*, mtabibu(wa-) doctor, physician. attack. a fight. — maneno. try to find words. 2. upon evil days. (= mganga.) Cf. niba, tibu, tabibia, utabibu. find, discover. appZ. tafutia. search out, look for (something/someone), tabana arch, pronounce magic formulas/incanta- tadubiri* see tadhibiri. caus. tafu- tisha. red. tafutatafuta (w. intr. hunt tions (in preparing medicines), caus. tabanya. tabii* become accustomed to something, con- force) everywhere. fatiisha, tafiti, tract a habit. tafadhali* 1. please, do a favor, be so kind (as Cf. m tafuta ji,

to do something). 2. interj. Please (do me utafutaji. taga 504 taibika 505 taka

*taga (us. — yai) lay (an egg), pass, tagwa taharaki*, taharuki 1. be in a hurry, be busy. taibika* intr. of taibu. taja 1. name, mention. — jina. call by name.

caus. tagisha. Cf. tago, mtago. 2. be excited, appl. taharukia. caus, taha- 2. rare nominate (for election). (~ chagua.)

rukisha. Cf, haraka. taibu*, tayibu 1. be goodAind/obliging. 2. be intr. tajika. be worthy of mention, pass.

"taga, tagaa (ma-) (also utagaa sing., kitagaa, well/in good health, intr. taibika. be happy/ tajwa. be mentioned/reported/quoted. Cf.

taharizi* ) side pieces of a kanzu. Cf. contented. 3. adv. good, well, right(ly). mtajaji. vi-) .branching, forking (of a tree, a road). (— 4. badani. interj. tayib! Good! Very well! Cf. tagaa.

tajamala* (— ) 1. favor, kindness. 2. approval,

taharuki* see taharaki. taifa* (ma-) 1. race, (large) tribe. 2. rec, pol. agreement. Cf. jamala. Magaa 1. walk fast (with long steps), stride. nation. Umoja wa Mataifa. the United Nations. 2. straddle, sit straddle-legged. 3. waddle tahayari* 1. (& intr. tahayarika) be ashamed; mataifa makuu. the Great Powers. — a tajamali* show favor /kindness, do a favor to 2 1 mataifa (= bata, magamaga); Cf. taga, kitagaa, by shy/bashful; be humiliated, caus. tahaya- mbalimbali. international. Cf. kitaifa, utaifa. someone, help, assist. Cf. jamala, taja- matagataga. = risha. put to shame, humiliate. 2. (— ) mala. haya. haya, tahayuri. Cf. laifod* (— ) see taifoid. Aagaa (ma-) see ^taga. taji* (— ) crown, , coronet.

) 1. shame, humiliation, disgrace. tahayuri* (— taifoid*, taifod [.Engl. J (— ) med. typhoid taghafali* 1. be taken unawares, be surprised/ 2. embarrassment, confusion. Cf. haya, (fever). tajiri* 1. (also tijara) engage in commerce, amazed. 2. be distracted/absentminded/in- tahayari. become rich. appl. tajiria. intr. tajirika. attentive; act thoughtlessly/imprudently. taileni, tailetai, tawireni inter;'., ethn. Help! caus. tajirisha. refl. jitajirisha. enrich caus. taghafalisha. pass, taghafaliwa. Cf. tahidi* see jitahidi. (a cry introducing and concluding the cere- oneself. 2. (ma-) (also mtajiri, wa-) rich ghafula. mony for exorcising spirits). man, (wholesale) merchant, capitalist.

tahiri* 1. purify (ritually). 2. eth. circumcise. prov. — na maliye, maskini na mwanawe. tagio (ma-) see tago. 3. med. operate, pass, tahiriwa. mtoto huyu tailetai see taileni. A rich man and his property are like a poor

ametahiriwa. This child has been circumcised. man and his son. Cf. utajiri. tago, tagio (ma-) place where a hen lays eggs, caus. tahirisha. 4. (— ) rare circumcision; taili* see talii. nest. naga. Cf. (usually:) a ritually pure person. Cf. tohara. tajwa pass, of taja.

taimu* \_Engl. J (— ) sport time. frequently the imperative of hadhari: tahadhari* tahlili*, tahalili (-) song of mourning, dirge. Maka, takataka (ma-) 1. dirt, rubbish, garbage. - mbele ya simba! Beware of the lion! taipu* [Engl. J (— ) typewriter, piga — . to type, 2. a worthless thing, junk, trash. Cf. kita- tahyati* interj.(in salutation) (I wish you) a kwa maandiko ya — . typewritten. kataka, I ma taka. see hafifu. tahafifu* adj. long life! Cf. hai.

[.Engl. (automobile) tire. tairi* J (— ) 2 taka* (-) bolt (of cloth/calico, about 30 tahalili* (-) see tahlili. Mai* (— ) tai (a small pastry). yards), Haiti* be in (financial) need, be poverty- tahamaki* 1. pay heed to, notice, observe. 2. (neck)tie. stricken, be hard up. Cf. utaiti. adv. sud- 2tai* [.Engl. ] (-) inter j. (imper.) Look! Behold! 3. ''taka 1. want, wish. 2. ask for, request,

denly, tulipokwenda njiani, — akatokea inquire about. — shauri. ask for advice,

(a large bird of prey: eagle, vul- [Engl. ) tight/close-fitting dress, chui. While we were on our way, a leopard 3tai (— ) tai naiti* J (— 3. need. 4. have a tendency to..,, incline

suddenly appeared. ture). sheath. to... 5. intend, be going to..., be about

to..., be on the verge of... inataka kunye-

sha. It is going to rain. appl. takia. intr. )

takabadhi 506 takshi taksiri 507 tamani

takika, us. intr.-ass. takikana. be desired/ ritually (e.g., after menstruation). taka- Cf. taksiri* (-) fault, defect; shortage, deficit; taliza* smear, plaster (a wall with clay, desirable, haitakikani. It is not desirable. tifu, takato, mtakaso, m takalifu, utakaso, offense, crime. mortar). ass. takana. desire each other (sexually). utakatifu.

Cf. Imataka, mtaka, mtashi, utashi. *takua pride, (— ) arrogance, ostentation. Mama* 1. be ended, come to an end. 2. (— takataka (ma-) see naka. end, conclusion, final stage; (final) deci- takabadhi* 1. see kabidhi. 2. caus. takabadhi- Hakua dial, scratch, scrape, kuku wanapo- sion. 3. adv. final, conclusive, decisive. sha. entrust someone with something. — takatifu adj. 1. clean, pure, clear. 2. rel. tafuta chakula hutakua mchanga. When Cf. tamati. fedha. entrust someone with money. Cf. ka- holy, sanctified. Cf. takata, mtakatifu, chickens hunt for food they ordinarily bidhi. utakatifu. scratch in the sand. nama*, dama (-) 1. dirt, rubbish. 2. a

wuiuucss Luiug, i.rasn, Liifle; nonsense. takabali* see kubali. takato (ma-) 1. cleaning, cleansing, purifica- takwimu* (— ) calendar, almanac. tion. 2. cleanness, purity. 3. carefulness, takabari* (also refl. jitakabari) be proud/arro- neatness. 4. fig. innocence, chastity. Cf. tama rare move, change one's residence; taladadi* see taradadi. = gant, show off. Cf. kiburi. takata. emigrate. ( hama.)

talaka* (— ) divorce, kumpa fulani — . grant 1. go forward, precede, lead the way. takbira* Isl. to repeat the formula 'Allah akbar, 4 takadamu* tama (— ): shika — . to rest the head on one's someone a divorce. Cf. taliki. 2. lead, guide, escort. 3. (of timepieces) go Allah is great, hands,

(too) fast. Cf. kadamu. = talakeki*, talakaki (— ) powderhorn. ( pembe.) Uakia (ma-) {us. matakia) request, demand, D tama: — (or mtama) la bibi. ornith. takalifu* 1. go to trouble, take pains; obligate claim. = (species of) cuckoo. talakim* (— ) Isl. burial prayers. ( uradi.) oneself. 2. (— ) difficulty, trouble, inconve-

nience; disorder, disturbance. Cf. kalifu. ^takia* (ma-) large cushion, talaleshi* (ma-) see mtalaleshi. tamaa* (— ), tamani (ma-), tamanio (ma-) 1. longing, yearning, striving, desire, am- takamali* be complete/perfect. Cf. kamili.

bition, wa na . 3takia appl. of taka. talasimu* (ma-) talisman, amulet, charm. (fanya) — desire, wish.

2. hope, shika — . live in hope, kata takaramu* (— ) see karama. takikana intr.-ass. ''taka. (ondoa) — . give up hope. 3. avarice, of tale (ma-) see kitale. greed, — ya mapesa. greed for money. takarimu* see karimu, karama. takilifu* see takalifu 2. ana — . He is avaricious. 4. (sexual) de- talibisi* (— ) talibisi (mat protecting cargo sire, lust, tamani, mtamani, on a heavily loaded dhow). Cf. tamauka, takasa caus. of takata. tako (ma-) 1. (us. pi.) seat, buttocks. 2. butt- tumaini. the end (of something), base. — la mkuki. talii*, taili 1. investigate, examine. 1. be clean/pure, nguo yangu imetakata takata tamaduni* become refined/civilized. butt(-end) of the spear, mstari wa (ki)tako. ameenda kwenye safari ya kutalii nchi. Cf. kwa sababu nimeifua na sabuni bora. My main point, kitakizo, utamaduni. base line. 3. end, Cf. He is touring the country. 2. teach, in- dress is clean/white because I washed it with kitako, matako, utako. struct. good soap. 2. be clear/bright, kumetakata. tamalaki*, tamaleki see 'miliki. It is clear/has cleared up (the weather). 3. karibu, takriban* adv. almost, nearly. Cf. taliki* divorce, annul a marriage, alimtaliki rel. be holy/sanctified/consecrated, intr. tamani* 1. yearn, desire, strive, natamani karibia. mkewe. He has divorced his wife. pass. takatika. caus. takasa. 1. clean, cleanse, kurudi nyumbani. I yearn to return home. talikiwa. be divorced, mke alitalikiwa. clear, clear up. 3. purify purify. 2. make ) fez, tarboosh. (- tarbushi.) takshi* (— 2, hope. intr. tamanika be worth striving The woman has been divorced. Cf. talaka. .. .

508 tambiko tambo 509

for; be attractive/absorbing, caus, tama- creep up to. caus. tambaza (rare tamba- Often when people have made sacrifices, tambuza forge, weld, hammer. nisha. arouse desire; attract, fascinate, risha). drag, tambaza manena. speak they are accustomed to drink the tambiko - 3, (ma-) tamaa. Cf. tamaa, mtamani, slowly, drawl. Cf. tambazi, Imtambaa, beer. 2. tambiko (a totem). Cf. tambika. tambuzi adj. intelligent, clever. Cf. tambua. utamanifu. mtambazi, utambazi.

tamfu adj. easily pronounceable, herufi — tambo (ma-), utambo (— ) strutting, swagger- tamanio (ma-) (us. matamanio) see tamaa. nambaa, tambara (ma-) 1. a piece/length/ vowel. Cf. tamka. ing; prancing, rearing (of horses). Cf. tamba. strip/scrap of cotton cloth (calico). 2. an * , ma-) 1. festival, entertainment, (— old article of clothing, piece of old cloth, tamia, atamia, otamia, (rare) latamia 1. sit festivity, sikukuu ya uhuru ilikuwa na — nambo (— ), utambo sing, length, width; rag. Cf. kitambaa, utambaa. on eggs, brood, hatch. 2. fig. , rare bring nyingi. The independence holiday was height, tallness, stature; distance. Cf. ki- tambo. celebrated with great festivity. 2. show, tambara (ma-) see "tambaa. a hen. Cf. ^ota. pageant, spectacle.

•"tambo (ma-) riddle, tambarajika 1. be old/worn-out. 2. fig. be 1. enigma. 2. secret tamka 1. pronounce, articulate, analitamka tamati* (— ) liter, finis, end (of a story or feeble/decrepit. Cf. ^ tambaa. language. Cf. tambua. neno hili vibaya. He does not pronounce performance). * tama. Cf. this word well. 2. accent, stress, empha-

tambarare (— ) geogr. plain. nchi ya — ''tambo (ma-) strength, vigor, ana — . He is size. 3. express something publicly, de- tamauka* be satisfied/appeased (of desires). level land. powerful /muscular. clare, announce. Cf. tamfu, tamko, ma- tamaa. Cf. tamko. tambarisha caus. of Hambaa. tamboa (ma-) anat. testicle. (= pumbu, ko- tamba 1. dance, leap (as in the triumphal rodani.) tamko, tamshi (ma-) (us. matamko, matamshi) dance of warriors). 2. fig. strut, swagger. tambaza caus. of 'tambaa. 1. pronunciation, articulation, ana ma- 3. boast (of a success, one's prowess, tambua 1. recognize, 2, remember. 3. per- tamko ya kigeni. He has a foreign (incor- tambazi 1. adj. creeping, crawling. 2. (ma-) personal appearance, etc.), be exultant, ceive, understand, asitambuke. be un- rect) pronunciation. 2, accent, stress. med. a spreading skin-disease, phlegmon. glory (in something). Mariamu alikuwa wa known, be unrecognized, remain incognito. 3. rare declaration, announcement, state- ^tambaa, mtambazi, utambazi. kwanza darasani, mwetu na sikuhizi anata- Cf. appl. tambulia. intr. tambulika. be well- ment. Cf. tamka. mba ajabu. Mary was first in our class, known/remarkable, intr.-ass. tambulikana. and she boasts a lot these days. Cf. '•iambi (— ) noodle, macaroni. Cf. utambi. be re cognizable/memorable /understandable/ tamshi (ma-) see tamko. Itambo, ^kitambi, mtambatamba. distinctive, caus. tambulisha. make

tambi pi. of utambi. known, determine; explain; point out, iden- tamthili* (— ) similarity, analogy. Hambaa 1. creep, crawl, move forward un- tify; guess, make out, decipher, ass. ta- The child steadily, mtoto anatambaa. tambika ethn. make a sacrifice/offering to mbuana. baada ya kukutana walitambuana. tamu* adj. /adv. 1. sweet, maji matamu. crawl, wriggle (of rep- crawls around. 2. propitiate the spirits of the dead (mizimu). After they had met they recognized each sweet water (in contr. w. salt water). tiles), ugonjwa utambaao. a creep- tambiko, mtambikaji, mtambiko. 2. pleasant, agreeable; appetizing, good fig. Cf. other. Cf. tambuzi, kitambulisho, mata- twist, twine, mimea ing sickness. 3. mbuzi, mtambuzi, utambulisho, utambuzi. (of foods), maneno matamu. pleasant inayotambaa. creeping/twining plants. tambiko (ma-) 1. a sacrifice /offering (ani- words, chakula kitamu. tasty /appetizing

4. stretch, extend, pori linatambaa. The mals, fowls, beer, cloth) made to propitiate foods (not necessarily sweet). 3 mild, tambuu*, dhambu und., Pers. J (— ) betel. savannah stretches out a long way. the spirits of the dead, mara nyingi watu gentle, upepo mtamu. a gentle breeze. jani la — . betel leaf, tafuna — . chew betel. fawn, curry favor. oppZ. tambalia. 4. adv. in a pleasant way. 5. wakiisha tambika, hunywa pombe ya — Cf. mtambuu. anasema 510 tandf tanda 511 tangi

tandaza caus. of tanda. tangaa be spread/circulated, utamu. He speaks pleasantly. 5° (— ; also tanda. jitanda nguo. cover oneself with become (widely) = tamutamu) candy, confectionery, dessert, a garment, intr. tandika tanda. tandi- known, habari hizi zimetangaa ulimwengu tandiko (ma-) Cf. utamu. ka kitanda. make a bed. tandika mikeka. 1. cover(ing). matandiko ya ki- mzima. These reports have been spread spread mats, tandika punda. harness a tanda. bedding, bedclothes. 2. mat, mat- over the entire world, caus. tangaza.

tress, carpet. 3. saddlery. make spread, tamutamu (— ) see tamu 5. donkey, caus. tandaza, tandisha, spread Cf. tanda. known, publish, propagate,

out, stretch out (often = tanda), tandaza tangaza biashara. advertise, caus.-appl. tamvua (ma-), utamvua sing, fringe, tassel. mtama. spread out millet (to dry), stat. tando 1. (ma-) (also tandu) something spread tangazia. make something known, caus.- out. — la buibui. spider (= ass. tangazana. make acquainted with Cf. chambua. tandama. lie stretched out. mamba anata- web tandabui). ndama juani. The crocodile is lying — la macho, med. cataract (lit.: eye mem- each other. Cf. tangazo, mtangazi, uta-

Kr»n»^ 9 f m<,-1 i, J. ll.:.J ./ I 1 l — 1 . stretchfd out in the sun. stat. -ass. ta- -tana (,ma-) Duncn oi Dananas, <_,/. cnana.

ndamana, be extended/drawn out full 3. (— ) swarm, pack. Cf. tanda.

length, inv. tandua, take off, uncover. tangamana, changamana stat.-ass, of *changa. tana see chana. tandua kitanda. strip a bed. tandua punda. nandu* LPers.J (— ) centipede. unharness a donkey, inv.-appl. tandulia. tangamano (ma-) see changamano. tanabahi* 1. pay attention, notice, observe. inv.-intr. tanduka. inv. -caus. tanduza. 2. be awake /alert/on one's guard/ready. Aandu (ma-) see tando. Cf. tandaa, tandabui, tandiko, tando, tangambili (— ) rare period of changing winds 3. understand. Cf. nabihi. tanzi, kitanda, kitandiko, kitanzi, mtanda, (between the southwest and the northeast tandua inv. of tanda. mtande, mtandio, mtando, utando, utanzi. monsoons; lit. two sails). (= maleleji.) tanadhari* be on one's guard, take care,

be cautious. Cf. nadhari. Manga, tangatanga be idle, waste time; wander tandaa 1. be spread out/scattered over a tangatanga see Hanga. about aimlessly, loiter, lounge around, siku large area. 2. be wide/open (a plain, breathe, catch one's breath; sigh. tanafusi* hizi hana kazi anatangatanga ovyo. He has no tangawizi ginger, etc.). Cf. tanda. (— ) Cf. mtangawizi. Cf. nafasi, nafsi. work at present and lounges around, caus.

tangisha, tangaza. 1. cause to be idle. 1 t 1 tandabelua* (— ) see tanta. tangaza caus. of tanga. (ma-) see tangi. tanaki* {.Engl.l 2. = tanga. Cf. nango, *kitango, mtanga- tanga, ^mtango. tandabui (— ) 1. spider web. 2. a membrane tangaza caus. of tangaa. tanasara* be converted to Christianity, caus. sometimes covering the head of an infant tanasarisha. convert someone to Christian- 9 at birth. 3. fig.: macho yangu yameingia tanga (ma-) naut. sail, tweka — . set sail. tangazo (ma-) 1. announcement, proclama- ity. — . I cannot see clearly. My eyes are tua/kunja — . lower/take in sail, tion, publication. — la serikali. govern- clouded over, (lit.: My eyes are covered ment proclamation. 2. notice, advertise- tanashati* adj. clean, neat, pretty, well- by a membrane.) Cf. tanda, buibui. ''tanga (ma-) (us. matanga) (period of formal) ment. — la biashara, business advertise- dressed. Cf. mtanashati, utanashati. mourning (3-10 days, during which friends of ment. 3. information, advertising, propa-

tandala (— ) zool. tandala (greater kudu). the deceased sleep in the house of mourning). ganda, publicity. Cf. tangaa. tanboi* [Engl.l (ma-) see taniboi.

weka (kaa) matanga, lala — . to observe (this tandama stat. of tanda. overcast/ practice of) mourning. tangi*, lanki, tanaki [Engl. J (ma-) tank, tanda 1. cover, kumetanda. It is reservoir. — la (maji). oil ametandikwa mafuta (water) cloudy, fig. strike, beat, ) see tandarua (— chandalua. tank. with tanga pi. utanga. fimbo nne. He has received four blows of

a stick. 2. spread out, extend, reft, ji- tandawaa 1. be silent/taciturn. 2. be thought- ful/pensive/melancholy. appZ. tandawalia. )

tango 512 513 tapishi

Itango (ma-) idling, loitering, loafing, tanguo (ma-) see tanguko. tanuri* (— ) see tanuu. tapa, dapa {us. red. tapatapa, dapadapa) vagrancy. Cf. tanga. 1. shudder, tremble, shiver, quiver. 2. be

^tani, tanitani adv.: kwa — . on the back, tanuru* (— ) see tanuu. startled, take fright. 3. make excuses, nango (ma-) (kind of) cucumber. Cf. *mtango. backwards, sideways, askew. chali. Cf. talk evasively /confusedly. - kwa hofu tanuu*, tanuru, tanuri, tanu, tano (— ) lime- (baridi). tremble from fright (cold), refl.

kiln, furnace, — . burn lime. — gutter, eaves. choma la jitapa. ''tango (ma-) tani* L Engl. J (— ) ton. fig.: ana — sana. shake, have a chill/ague; hop/jump kuba. cupola furnace. He is very strong. around. appZ. tapia. 1. run away (from tangu prep. (= toka, kutoka.) 1. since. fear). 2. be eager/greedy for something.

tanzi (— , ma-) (also kitanzi,vi-) noose, loop, Qf ^ — lini? since when? — miezi mitano. for tania* be on familiar terms with someone, kitapo mtapo.

five months. 2. from. — lini mpaka lini? treat someone as a friend or relative, ass. — la samaki. catch/haul of fish, ametiwa from when to when? — leo. from now on, taniana. Cf. mtani, utani, watani. napa (ma-) tapa (leaf of the mvumo or

— . He was hanged. Cf. tanda, kitanzi, in future. — hapo mbeleni. in the past, a mnazi, sometimes used as a protection utanzi. long time ago. taniboi*, tanboi lEngl. J (ma-) helper (on a against rain). bus, truck), loader, unloader (one who loads

tanzia* (— ) funeral announcement, death- tangua do away with, abolish, cancel, annul, or unloads baggage or merchandise on a bus tapakaa be scattered/spread, ugonjwa ume-

notice, amepala — . He has received a revoke, suspend, invalidate. — deni. pay or truck and who sits in the back, not with tapakaa nchi nzima. The disease has o a law. death-notice, pa mkono wa — . pay someone off/amortize a debt. — sheria. repeal the driver). Cf. tani, boi. spread over the entire country. Cf. ta- a visit of condolence, express one's sym- — urafiki. break off a friendship, intr. ta- panya, tawanya. pathy (on the occasion of a death). nguka. Cf. tanguko, kitanguo.

tapanya 1. scatter, disperse. 2. waste, tanki* (ma-) see tangi. tanguko, tanguo (ma-) abolishment, cancella- nanzu (ma-) rare branch, bough. (- tawi.) squander. 3. allow to go bad/spoil.

tion, annulment, suspension, abolition, abro- — mapesa. waste money. — chakula. al-

di- gation, repeal, revocation. — la ndoa. *tano (rare tanu) num. five, —a — . fifth. low food to spoil, intr. tapanyika. nchi nanzu pi. of utanzu. vorce. Cf. tangua. Jumatano. Wednesday. Cf. kitano. imetapanyika. The country is inundated. intr. -ass. tapanyikana. scatter/disperse tanzua 1. open. — macho, open the eyes. in various 1. go before, precede. 2. lead, take directions, caus. tapanyisha. tangulia Aano* (— ) see tanuu. 2. uncover, expose, detect. — jambo gumu. lead. 3. anticipate, forestall, alita- Cf. tapakaa, tawanya. the explain a difficult thing. — siri. reveal a kuniambia. He was the first to tell ngulia tanta*, tantabelua, tandabelua \_Ind. J (— secret, intr. tanzuka. 1. be opened/ex- He was born before noise, row, disturbance. tapatapa see ^tapa. me. amenitangulia jua. posed/revealed, jambo halitanzuki. The caus. tanguliza. me (is older than I), matter has been cleared up. 2. be clear. tapika 1. vomit, be ) tanta. nauseated, caus. ta- cause to go before, give precedence/prefer- tantabelua* (— see = kumetanzuka. It is clear ( not cloudy). one- pisha. 2. fig. pour out a torrent of griev- ence to. caus.-refl. jitanguliza. put ances or abuse; orate for one's own interests, l vociferously. Cf. self forward, lookout tanu tao (ma-) 1. bend, twist, curve. — la mto. tapishi, tangulifu, kitangulizi, tapisho, matapishi, mtapishi, defend oneself. Cf. bend of a river. — la njia. curve of a road. mtapisho, utapishi. utangulizi, yaliyotangulia. mtangulizi, nanu* (— ) see tanuu. piga (fanya) — . bend, twist. 2. arch,

vault. 3. math, arc, sector (of a circle). eminent; important, tapishi, tapisho (ma-) 1. nausea, vomiting. tangulifu adj. 1. leading, ^^ Qpen wide> widen> expand; increase> en_ 2. abusive/obscene premature. Cf. ta- fig. language, pro- significant. 2. early, ^^ _ kjnywa> Qpen the mouth wide= fanity. Cf. tapika. ngulia. — miguu. take long steps. appZ. tanulia.

intr. tanuka. ) )

51f tapisho 514 tarawehi

taraza*, tarizo, daraza (— (embroidered) ) (ma-) eth. tattooing of the face tapisho (ma-) 1. - tapishi. 2. pharm. tarajali* (ma-) rare apprentice, trainee. naruma* border/edging, = Cf. tarizi. (as a tribal mark). emetic. Cf. tapika. ( mwanafunzi.)

tarazaki* see ruzuku. taraji* (& appl. tarajia) wish, desire; tarumbeta* [ Engl. J (ma-) 1. trumpet. *tapo* [.Turk. J (ma-) 1. crowd, host (of hope for, expect, intr. tarajika. taraja, 2. danger signal. people); herd (of animals). 2. mil. divi- Cf. tarazia* (— ) tarazia (kind of dance). sion. matarajio.

tasa* (— ) tasa (a metal bowl or basin used

tarazo* (— ) see darizi. taraju* [Pers.J (-) rare 1. scales, balance. for washing the hands before and after ^tapo (ma-) tapo (kind of nut). = ( mizani.) 2. fig. equilibrium, harmony. meals). Cf. bakuli. tarbushi* (— ) tarboosh, fez.

tapureta* L Engl. I (— ) rare = taipu. tarakanya* search for. Aasa* 1. adj. barren, sterile. 2. sing. tarehe*, tarihi (— ) 1. date; date of birth. (also utasa) sterility. taraa*, taaraa conf., rare if, — akija. if he 2. chronology; chronicle, history, bitare- tarakibu* (-) plan, design, pattern, model; comes. he... dated... (in letters). sample. Cf. ^rakibu. ''tasa dial, (always w. neg.) not yet

taraba* rule by force/despotically. (+ another verb), sitasa kufanya kazi. tarakiki* adj., rare narrow, slender, slim. Itari* LPers.J (— ) 1. small drum, tambou-

I have not yet finished the work. (~ embamba.) rine, 2. tari (a dance for exorcising spirits).

tarabe* (— ): mlango wa — . double door.

tarakimu* (— (written) number, figure, nu- ''tasa caus. of tata. ) nan* pi. of utari. tarabu* (— ) tarabu (instrumental music with meral; digit. — za kirumi. Roman numerals. singing). mutribu. Cf. tasawari* 1. be capable/competent. 2. (— tarigia* (— ) rare periodical, magazine. practicability, feasibility; competence. tarare (— ) wild plant (which has seeded itself). = ( gazeti.) taradadi*, taladadi 1. wander around, walk

about aimlessly. 2. hesitate, be uncertain, tasbihi* (— ) Isl. 1. prayer-beads, rosary. taratibu* (— ) 1. (also utaratibu) order, or- tarihi* (— ) see tarehe. be perplexed/at a loss. 3. (—) indecision, . rosary. 2. praise. ganization; system, structure; method, pro- sala — say prayers by a vacillation. cedure. — ya masomo. class schedule. = 3.: maua ya — . a kind of flower. Cf. tariki* (— ) rare road, street, highway. ( njia.) — ya lugha. linguistic structure. 2. com- mtasbihi. taradhia* 1. warn, remonstrate; give advice. posure, collectedness, self-possession. tarishi* (ma-) messenger, courier; postman. 2. reproach, reprimand. 3. see radhi. tashtiti* 1. annoy, tease, provoke. 2. (— 3. adv. (also kwa — ) in an orderly Cf. utarishi. fashion, systematically; composed, self- provocation, incitement, instigation,

tarafa*, tarafu (— ) 1. district. 2. part, share; possessed, sema — ! Speak slowly! Cf. tarizi*, darizi weave a border, make an em- business, duty. 3.: min — , mintarafu. prep, ratibu. tashwishi* (— ) doubt, uncertainty, confusion. broidered edging. Cf. taraza. concerning, regarding, about, shikwa (patwa) na — . have doubts/mis-

givings. Cf. shawishi. taraweha* (— ) see tarawehi. tarjisi* sing., rare education, training. tarafu* (— ) see tarafa.

Itasi, tafi ) tasi (a kind of clamp used for tarawehi*, taraweha (— ) Isi. tarawehi (a long (— taruma* (ma-) support, cross-beam, prop; taraja* (— ) hope, expectation, wish. ta- Cf. prayer pronounced after sunset during smoothing rope after it has been twisted). (naut.j rib (of a ship); spoke (of a wheel); raji. Ramadhan). 2 (railw.) tie, sleeper. tasi (-) tasi (kind of fish). (= ^hafi.) .

tasifida 516 taufiki taulo 517 tawili

tasifida* see afidi complication, difficulty, annoyance; con- taulo* [Engl.l (-) towel, pangusa kichwa vikundi vinavyotawala. governmental/offi- fusion, disorder. — la maneno. a confused kwa -. dry the head a with towel. cial circles, appl. tawalia. caus. tavva- tasihili* 1. quickly, speedily, hastily. comment. Cf. tatanisho, matata, matatizo, adv. za, tawalisha. cause to rule, put in power; mtatio, utasi, utata. taumu* 2. (— ) words of farewell (before leaving on (ma-) naut. prop, shore. install in office, inaugurate, caus.-pass.

a journey). Cf. sahala. tawazwa. Cf. kuji tawala, mtawala, u tawa- 1. (a street, 2. tauni* tataga cross river). cross, (-) med. 1. cholera, (bubonic) plague. la, ujitawala. taslimu* 1. (—) (payment in) cash. 2. adv. fold (the arms). 3. walk quickly/with long 2. in gen. epidemic. - ya mnyama. strides. mtataga. cattle plague, hoof-and-mouth disease. in cash, lipa — . pay in cash, nunua — Cf. tawanya 1. strew, scatter. — mbegu. sow

buy for cash. Cf. salamu, salimu. seeds. 2. fig. throw away, waste, squan- tatai* adj. sly, wily, cunning, deceitful. taurati* (-) see torati. der. — mali. waste/dissipate property.

tasliti* 1. betray, deceive, lead astray. 2. an- intr. tawanyika. pass, tawanywa. wa- tatanisha ass.-caus. tata. tausi*, dausi noy, incite, stir up trouble. — hata wata wa- of (— ) peacock. fanya kazi walitawanywa na polisi. The

nagombana. stir things up until people be- workers were dispersed by the police. tatanisho, tatizo (ma-) (also mtatizo, mi-) gin to quarrel. Cf. salata, saliti. red. tawa* 1. stay at home/indoors; live in retire- tawanyatawanya (w. int. force), dis- confusion, complexity, difficulty; crisis. perse, scatter, ment/seclusion; be isolated. 2, lead a break up. Cf. tawanyiko, tatizo la uchumi. economic crisis. Cf. tasua caus.-inv. tata. of pious/religious life; lead a quiet/moral/ex- mtawanya, mtawanyo; also tapanya. tata. emplary life. caus. tawisha. keep someone taswira* (— ) 1. drawing, picture, portrait. at home, anamtawisha mkewe. He keeps tawanyiko (ma-) 1. (act of) scattering, tatanua ass. -inv. of tata. surface of the earth. throwing 2. fig.: — ya dunia. his wife at home. 3. adj. retired, secluded, away, wasting. 2. fig. devas- savviri. tation. Cf. tawanya. Cf. solitary; religious, pious, devout. Cf. ki- tatarika 1. crackle, snap. 2. fig. chatter, tawa, mtawa, utawa. babble. tata 1. complicate, tangle, confuse, make dif- tawasrfu* provide information (on a person's

ficult, intr. be confused/in confusion, appl. "Hawa* character, etc.). Cf. wasifu. tatiza appl.-caus. of tata. (— ) frying pan. tatia. confuse, complicate; wrap, wind, ta-

tia kilemba. wind a turban, ass. tatana. be tawasufi* (— ) 1. moderation, abstinence. tatizo (ma-) see tatanisho. ''tawa (-) tawa (kind of fish). tangled/interlaced; (fig.) be dumbfounded/ 2. rel. pious/secluded life. Cf. wasifu. speechless, ass.-caus. tatanisha. confuse/ three, —a — . third. Jumatatu. tatu num. tawadha* rel. wash ceremonially (esp. the perplex/astound someone, caus. tasa (& tawaza* caus. of tawala. Monday. Cf. utatu. feet: — miguu). appl.-caus. tatiza). perplex, astound (= ta-

tanisha); intrigue, meddle, stir up. inv. ta- tawi (ma-), kitawi (vi-), utawi (tawi & ma-) tatua inv. of tata. tawafa* (-) candle; candlestick, candelabrum. tua. untangle, unwind, loosen; solve; tear 1. branch, frond, bough, matawi.

up, pull apart, split, rip. inv. -appl. tatulia. branches. 2. cluster, bunch. — la tatuka inv.-intr. of tata. tawakali* 1. hope, have hopes of something. inv.-intr. tatuka. be unwound/untangled/ mwembe. bunch of bananas. 3. fig. 2. trust, rely on, have confidence in. Cf. branch, solved; be torn apart/split, inv.-caus. ta- division, section. — jipya la tatulisha inv.-caus. of tata. wakala, wakili. tulisha. caus.-inv. tasua. explain, clarify; chama lafunguliwa. A new section of the tatanua. unwind, unravel; party has been started. display, ass. -inv. grace God). taufiki* (—) rel. (of tawala* rule, govern; come to power, kujita- clear up (a misunderstanding, disagreement), wala. pol. self-government, sehemu ina- tawili* adj., rare long, tall. (= refu.) Cf. solve (a problem). 2. (ma-) {us. matata) yojitawala wenyewe. autonomous region. tawilisha, tuili. .

tawilisha 518 tegemea tegemeo 519 tekenv

tawilisha* lengthen, prolong. — mkutano. pro- tazamo (ma-) look, glance, gaze. Cf. ta- is dependent on his father. 4. confide in a pillage. - mji. plunder a city appl. tekea. long a meeting (unnecessarily). zama. Cf. tawili. person, take someone into one's confidence. pass, tekwa, tekewa. tekewa akili. lose ass. tegemeana. depend on each other, be one's mental powers, caus. tekeza, teke- tawireni* interj. see taileni. tebo* \_Engl. J (— ) table. — ya kujumlisha. interdependent, caus. tegemeza. support/ leza. attract, bewitch, hold spellbound. arith. addition table. protect someone; make someone a prote'ge/ 3. (ma-; us. pi.) booty, captive. Cf. ma- favorite, Maya (ma-), kitaya (vi-), utaya (taya) anat. pass, tegemewa. Cf. tegemeo. teka, mteka. teende (ma-) see * tende. jaw, jawbone.

tegemeo (ma-) prop, support; protection, patron- tekanya: —miguu. cross the legs. tefu adj. soft, tender, nyama — . tender age. Cf. tegemea. ^taya* blame, rebuke, reproach. Cf. tayo. meat, chakula kitefu. soft food.

^teke (ma-) kick, piga — . to kick. tegemeza caus. tayari* LPers.j adj. ready, prepared, fanya — of tegemea. tega 1. set up, prepare, put in position.

make ready, prepare, weka — . provide, fur- — mtego. set a trap. — uchumi. invest neke (us. teketeke, tikitiki) adj. 1. soft.

nish, make available, saa — . The time is tego, tegu (ma-) 1. med. tapeworm. 2.: ma- (money). — sikio. prick up one's ears, matunda mateke. soft fruit, 2. pliable, up. Cf. tayarisha, matayarisho, utayari. tegu. rec. typographical error, misprint. (get ready to) listen. 2. entrap, catch; flaccid, flabby. 3. yielding, compliant,

(fig.) deceive, plot, intrigue. 3. prepare without character, mtu mteke. a weak/ tayarisha* LPers.j make ready, prepare. Cf. a charm/spell, perform witchcraft. — ki- nego (ma-) (dangerous) charm, magic. spineless person. tayari. tendawili. ask ariddle. kitendawili! Cf. tega.

— tega! Here is a riddle! — Go ahead and tekea appl. of teka. tayibu* see taibu. ask it! appl. tegea. intr. tegeka. caus. tegu (ma-) see lego.

tegesha. inv. tegua. 1. remove/release tekelea 1. arrive at, reach. 2. be achieved/ tayo* (ma-) reproach, rebuke, criticism. Cf. something that has been put in position/ tegua inv. of tega. attained/brought to a conclusion; be ful- o ^taya. prepared to go off. tegua mtego. release filled/carried out. ahadi imetekelea. The

a trap, let it go off. tegua chungu. take Meguka inv. -intr. of tega. promise was kept. caus. tekeleza, tekeza. taz (abbr. of tazama) look at! see! a pot off the fire, tegua uchawi. take fulfill, accomplish; bring to a conclusion.

off/lift a spell, make a charm ineffective, pass, tekelewa. "neguka see leuka. Cf. lekelezo. tazama 1. look (at), observe, see. 2. exa- 2. sprain (the ankle, etc.). inv.-app. te- mine, investigate; try, test. — mtego. look gulia. inv. -intr. teguka. Cf. Aego, tekeleza caus. of tekelea. tegukiwa see teuka. at a trap (to see anything has been caught). if 2tezo, mtegaji, mtego. — nyama. inspect meat. appl. tazamia, tekeiezo (ma-) fulfillment, completion, Hehemu* 1. be debilitated/emaciated (by look into, investigate (something); (eth.) crookedness, curvature. tege, chege (ma-) realization. Cf. tekelea. a divining board, take omens; scru- sickness). 2. be unable to do something. consult ana — la miguu. He is bowlegged. Cf. tinize, check on. kitu cha kutazamia. some- matege. ^tekenya tickle, itch. ass. tekenyana. thing that one looks through (e.g., a tele- Hehemu* see tuhumu. pass, tekenywa. kazi. over work. intr. scope), tazamia check tegemea 1. support/prop oneselfon some- ? tazamika. be good/pleasant to look at; be thing, lean against. — mkongojo. support teitei* L. J (ma-) (fashionable) frock/gown, caus. taza- tekenya (ma-) see Heke nywa. worth looking at/noteworthy, oneself with a stick. 2. take a rest, re- evening gown.

misha. attract attention, be attractive, refl. lax. 3. rely/depend on someone; receive

ji taz am a. look at oneself (in a mirror). Cf. support from someone; be dependent on teka 1. take up and carry away. — maji kisi- ^tekenywa, tekenya (ma-) sand flea, { tazamo, mtazamaji, mtazamo. someone, anamtegemea baba yake. He mani. draw water from a well, 2. plunder, chigger. (= funza.) ,

tekenywa 520 telemuko telemusha 521 tende

anateleza. The fish is slippery. Cf. ute- telemusha caus. of telemua. display, advertise tekenywa pass, of * tekenya (merchandise). Cf. lezi; also telemua, matembezi, mtembezi, tembezi, utembezi.

televishen* LEngl. J (— ) television. teketa 1. grind/gnash the teeth, crunch. telefonj* LEngl.j (— ) rare telephone. tembezi (ma-) (us. matembezi) walk, stroll; 2. gnaw, gnaw through. 3. hollow out, en- = teleza caus. telea. ( Jsimu.) piga — . to telephone. of trip, tour; wandering, gadding about; large a hole (by twisting a knife or tool). irregu- lar/immoral living; vagrancy. Cf. tembea. teli* (— gold (or silver) thread/ Heleka 1. put on the fire. — chungu. put a LPers.j ) teketea 1. be used up/consumed. 2. be (com- braid. pot on the fire. 2. boil, cook. appZ. te- pletely) destroyed (us. by fire), nyumba hii *tembo (— ) palm wine (made from the fer- telekeza. 1. = teleka. imeteketea. This house has burned down. lekea. caus. mented sap of the coconut palm).

I . 9 . - --! j ._„. .„l„l„.„ telki*, dalki \_lnd. J adv. quickly, at a trot. cans, teketeza. consume, destroy, i, nave a ureal ,..1^,^.^. „,,,.,. .„.*,.* — (us.) tekua. take off the fire. enda — . go at a trot, run. ruin, watu wameteketezwa na vita. Many 'nembo (— ) elephant, mkonga wa — . trunk were wiped out in the war. mte- people Cf. of the elephant. Mema spit (out), expectorate. — mate (kiko- keteo, uteketevu, uteketezo. Aeleka (— ) ornith. swallow. hozi). spit out saliva (phlegm), appl. te- temsi* (— ) filigree work (in metal). teketcke see Heke. telekeza 1. caus. of Meleka. 2. leave mea. intr. temeka. caus. temesha. Cf. (behind), tumemtelekeza. We have left 2mtemi, ^mtemo. tena* adv. 1. then, next, further, afterwards, caus. teka. him behind. tekeza of in addition. 2. again, repeatedly, nime-

tema cut (up, into strips), chop. — kuni. sema — na — . I have said it again and teksi* [firc^Z. ] (-) taxi. telemka intr. of telemua. chop firewood. — nakshi. carve. appZ. again.

temea, intr. lemeka. caus. temesha. telemko, telemuko, teremko, teremuko (ma-) Hekua break up, destroy, ruin; undermine. Cf. Tntemi, mtemo. tenda 1. make, do, act, carry out, perform, descent. te- slope, declivity, (abrupt) Cf. accomplish. Cf. kiteku. 2. do something to someone lemua. (us. something bad or unfavorable), ameni- Membe (— ) chicken, hen. tenda. He has done something (harmful) to nekua inv. of Meleka. telemsha caus. of telemua. me. refl. jitenda. 1. claim something for ^tembe (— ) house with a flat roof. oneself. 2, pretend, feign. appZ. tendea. tele* 1. (-) (large) quantity, plenty, abun- telemua, teremua (cause to) go down/sink/ intr. tendeka. be done/accomplished; be dance. 2. adj. much, many, abundant, slip/fall. intr. telemuka, teremuka, tele- 3tembe (— ) dosage, pill. feasible/practicable, caus. tendesha, te- plenty of. 3. adv. in great quantity /num- mka, teremka. go down, descend, slope; ndeza. intr. -caus. tendekeza. make ber, in abundance, kwetu chakula — . We slip/slide (down a steep slope); land tembea 1. go walking, walk around, stroll. feasible/possible, refl. -intr. -caus. jite- have food in abundance, kikombe hiki ki- (intr.). caus. telemusha, teremusha, te- 2. go on a trip, make a tour. — kwa moto- ndekeza. 1. make an effort, strive. 2. com- = ingi, ma- mejaa — . The cup is brimfull. ( cause descend, let kaa. take an automobile trip. 3. wander, lemsha, teremsha. to plete something successfully; graduate ridhawa.) down, lower; land (goods, troops). Cf. gad about, lead an irregular life. appZ. te- (from school). Cf. tendo, kitendakazi, ki- kitelemsho, mtelemko. mbelea. go to visit, call on someone. telea, telemko, tendawili, kitende, kitendo, matendo, 1. slide, slip, skid. 2. come down, telea appl.-refl. jitembelea. go on a pleasure mtenda, mtendaji, mtendo, mtenzi, utenda- slide, slip descend, caus. teleza. about, appl.- telemuka intr. telemua. trip; go for a stroll, saunter of ji, utende, utenzi. (= (intr.) be slick/slippery, mimi telea); ass. tembeleana. visit each other, caus. slipped and fell, barabara nimeteleza. I take for a walk. 2. hawk, telemuko (ma-) see telemko. tembeza. 1. Hende, teende (ma-) med. elephantiasis. inateleza. The street is slick, samaki tengenezo tende 522 tengo 523

tengo (ma-) (us. matengo) naut. outrigger. teremesha caus. terema. ''tende (-) date (fruit of the date palm, tengamajj (ma-) watershed, divide. of

mtende). Cf. Henga, maji. tengua inv. of tenga. teremka intr. of telemua. tendegu (ma-) leg of a bedstead. tenge (—) 1. curve, crookedness. 2. fig. tengura disdain, scorn; offend, insult, debase, teremko (ma-) see telemko. confusion, excitement, bewilderment. dishonor. tendeti (— ) tendeti (a kind of pastry made of teremsha caus. of telemua. rice and coconut juice). tengea see tengenea. tenisi* [ZsrcgZ. ] (_) sport, tennis, cheza -. play tennis. teremua see telemua. tendo (ma-) act, action, deed; cause, effect; tengemaa (also ass. tengemana) settle down,

enicacy, innuence. Cf. ieuua. be restored to "eace te."-., of n rnn.nt.rv teo teremuka intr. teiemua. after a natural catastrophe or a war). (— ) sling (for throwing stones). of tengemano, matengemano, utengemano. Menga 1. divide off, separate, split off. 2. de- Cf. teremuko (ma-) see telemko. Aeo pi. uteo. lay, postpone. 3. put aside, remove, 4. dis- of tengemano (ma-), utengemano sing, peace, miss, discharge (from a position). 5. avert, teremusha caus. of telemua. tranquillity, stabilization, normalcy, (re- 1 prevent. 6. confiscate. 7. rel. excommun- tepe*. utepe \_Engl.~] (ma-) tape, ribbon, stored) prosperity. Cf. tengemaa. icate, refl. ji tenga. 1. seclude oneself. braid, chevrons (on uniforms, etc.). tesa distress, hurt, trouble, torment, tease, amejitenga na wenzake. He has secluded persecute, appl, tesea. intr. teseka. tengenea (rare tengea) 1. be in order, be o himself from his friends. 2. deviate from a ^tepe, tepetepe adj. many, numerous. caus. tesesha. ass. tesana. ass. -caus. in good shape, mashauri yake sasa yame- route/course. 3. move aside, get out of the tesanya. cause dissension/strife, make tengenea. His affairs are now in order. way. appl. tengea. intr. tengeka. caus. tepeta see tepetea. people hostile toward each other, stir up 2. be usable/suitable, be ready for use. tengesha. inv. tengua. 1. often - tenga. trouble. Cf. teso, mtesi, utesi. 3. be regular/steady. Upepo umetenge- 2. (w. int. force) reduce to small pieces, tepete, lepetevu adj. slack, flabby, flaccid, nea. The wind is steady, caus. tenge- chop up. tengua kitabu. read proof. 3. put limp; listless, languid, indolent. Cf. tepetea. tesanya ass.-caus. of tesa. neza. 1. put in order/good shape; regu- aside, remove, eliminate, tengua maneno. late, correct; mend, repair; edit (a book, refute arguments, tengua mtu. push aside/ tepetea (rare tepeta) be limp/listless/weak- teso (ma-) (us. mateso) suffering, pain, etc.). tengeneza baisikeli (redio). repair oust someone, inv. -intr. tenguka. fall willed/indolent. Cf. tepete, mtepetevu, anxiety; persecution, harassment; mis- a bicycle (radio). 2. settle, reach a de- over on one side; be derailed (of a train). utepetevu. fortune, misery, adversity; (rel.) passion. cision (on something), baraza haitenge- Cf. kitengo, matengano, ^mtenga, mtenga- tesa. mashauri haya. The council does Cf. no, mtengo, mtengwa, utengano, utengo. nazi tepetepe see 'nepe. not make decisions on these matters (i.e., teta 1. take energetic action, speak out does not have jurisdiction), caus. -intr. (ma-) tenga flatfish; a Henga (a very large tepetevu see tepete. forcibly, assert strongly. 2. dispute, tengenezeka. saa imetengenezeka. The sea monster). oppose, protest, contradict, tumeteta na. watch has been repaired. Cf. tengenezo, terafini* \_lnd. J (— ) turpentine. We disputed with them. 3. speak ill of kitengeneza, matengenezo, mtengenezaji, •'tenga (ma-) a carrying-net/basket. someone, talk behind someone's back, utengenezaji, utengevu. terema be carefree /cheerful/happy, appl. te- slander, appl. tetea. speak out strongly = remea and intr. teremeka terema. caus. for or against someone; attack, contradict; 'Uenga rare descend, alight (of birds, in- tengenezo (ma-) (us. matengenezo) ar- rangement, regulation; repair. Cf. te- teremesha. 1. make someone carefree/ support, defend (in a dispute), double sects). (~ tua.) ngenea. happy. 2. receive someone hospitably. appl. tetelea. double appl. -caus. tete-

Cf. mteremeshi, mteremo. leza cause strife/conflict, provoke thama 525 thibitisho 524 thabiti

character. 3. genuine, true. Cf. thibiti, thelathini* opposition, intr. teteka. caus. tetesha. tetesi (ma-) whisper(ing); rumor, gossip. num. thirty. thubutu, mathubuti, uthabiti, uthubutifu. ass. tetana. be enemies, quarrel. Cf. teto,

theluji* (— ) snow. mateto, mtetaji, mtetea, utetezi, uteto. tetewanga (— ) see tetekuwanga. thama* adv., rare then, after that; also, like- wise, similarly. theluthi*, teto (ma-) {often mateto) 1. argument, plea. thuluthi num. a third. *tete (ma-) reed. 2. objection, protest. 3. excuse, evasion. thamani* (-) value, price. - yake nini? What themani*, Cf. teta. themanya num., rare eight.

^tete (— ) grain that is formed but not yet fully is the value/price? — . valuable, = —a pre- ( nane.) a grain of millet that has ripe. — za mtama. cious, amevaa nguo za — . She wears ex- teua 1. pick out, select, choose. 2. (also not fully ripened. pensive clothes, fig.: hana -. He is of no .;_...__ tcuUka'1 be {•jssy/hard to "lease/ themanini* num. eighty. value/is good for nothing. Cf. thamini. critical, pass, teuliwa. Cf. teule, teuzi, utete. ''tete pi. of kiteuzi, mteua, mteule, mteuo, uteuzi. themantashara* num., rare eighteen. thamini* 1. price, evaluate, appraise, = assess, ( kumi na nane.) estimate; tetea cackle (of hens). (fig.) respect, appreciate. — Iteuka, teguka, tegukiwa be sprained/dislo- nyumba. appraise a house. 2. fig. form an themanya* see themani. cated, mguu wangu umeteuka. My leg is estimate a tetekuwanga, tetewanga, tetemaji (— ) med. (of person), characterize, intr. sprained. chicken pox. thaminika. caus. thaminisha. pass, thami- themuni*, thumni, thumuni num. an eighth. niwa. Cf. thamani. ^teuka belch, burp, bubble (mostly of in- tetelea double appl. of teta. thenashara* num., rare twelve. (= kumi na fants after feeding). thamra* (— ) thamra (cloves in the first stage mbili.) of growth). tetema {& intr. tetemeka) tremble, quiver, teule adj. select, choice, of the finest shake. — kwa homa (hofu, hasira). tremble theneen* num., rare two. (= mbili, wili.) quality. Cf. teua. from fever (fear, anger). Cf. tetemeko, ki- thari* (—) moisture, dampness.

tetemo, mtetemko. thibiti* 1. be firm/strong/hardy /durable. teuzi adj. choosy, fastidious, dainty; thaura*, thawra (— ), kithaura (vi-) 1. tribal 2. fig. be steadfast/of strong character/ critical. Cf. teua. tetemaji (-) see tetekuwanga. warfare, raiding. 2. pol., recent revolution. inflexible. 3. be brave/courageous/bold.

—a — . revolutionary, moyo za — . revolu- 4. be truthful/honest/upright, intr. thi- (ma-) naut. stern, poop Uezi* [.Pers.^l t tetemeko, tetemo (ma-) trembling, shaking, tionary fervor, mpinga — . counterrevolu- bitika. caus. thibitisha. 1. strengthen, ship). tremor, convulsion. — la nchi {or la ardhi). (of a tionary. make secure. 2. encourage, renew.

earthquake. Cf. tetema. 3. maintain, affirm, prove, establish,

^tezi (ma-) med. swelling, tumor, goiter. thawabu* (— ) 1. reward, recompense, gift. guarantee. Cf. thabiti, thibitisho.

tetemo (ma-) see tetemeko. 2. fig., rel. retribution, punishment.

thibitika* intr. thibiti and Hezo (ma-) adze. of thubutu.

tetere (-) ornith. (species of) dove (Strepto- thawra* (— ) see thaura.

pelia capicola). thibitisha* caus. of thibiti and thubutu. (caused by sorcery). ^tezo (ma-) harm, injury = thelatha* num., rare three. ( tatu.) Cf. tega. tetereka 1. swing, sway; stagger. 2. be un- thibitisho* (ma-) 1. guarantee, assurance. = certain/irresolute. 3. be a little injured/ thabiti* {rare sabiti) adj. 1. firm, strong, thelathashara* num., rare thirteen. ( kumi 2. proof, evidence. Cf. thibiti. damaged, suffer a slight accident. secure. 2. steadfast, reliable, of strong na tatu.) ?

thubutu 526 tifutifu 527

thubutu* venture, risk, dare, have the courage/ tilika. caus. tilisha. pass. tiwa. tiwa tii* 1. obey, submit, subordinate oneself, audacity to do something, hathubutu kuifa- katika taabu. get into trouble. Cf. mtia, nikita see chikieha. yapasa watoto kutii wazee wao. Children nya mbele ya wazee wake. He doesn't dare mtiaji. must obey their parents, intr. tiika. be to do it before his parents, imp. thubutu! Mikiti (— , ma-) watermelon. Cf. mtikiti. obedient/submissive/docile, caus. tiisha. I dare you to... intr. thubutika, thibitika. tiabu* (—) tiabu (a game played with sticks). subjugate, subdue, dominate, pass, tiiwa. caus. thubutisha, thibitisha. Cf. thabiti, = ^tikiti*, tikti \_Engl. ] (-) ticket, pass. ( sikia, tumikia, nyenyekea.) 2. adj. = thibiti, mathubuti, uthubutifu. tiara* (—) kite (children's toy). — yaposta. postage stamp. tiifu. Cf. Itaa, tiifu, mtiifu, utii.

o theluthi. thuluthi* see Hiba*, tahibia (—) medicine. Cf. utabibu. tikitiki see teke. tiifu*, tii adj. obedient, submissive; loyal, ^tibu, Mabibia, tabibu, utabibu. discinlined. Cf. tii. thun the tikiza endure, suffer, put up with, bear

tiba* sing, a term of endearment: dear, be- (pain, grief). tiika* intr. of tii. thumu*, saumu, tumu (— ) garlic. loved.

tikti* LEngl.l (-) see ^t ijkiti. tiisha* caus. of tii. thumuni* see themuni. Mibu* treat medically, heal, cure. (- Habi- tilatila adj. well mixed, variegated, cha- bia.) mganga amenitibu. The doctor has tija* (— ) 1. income, earnings, profit, kazi astr. thurea* (—) 1. chandelier. 2. the kula cha — . various foods .mixed together. cured me. appl. tibia, intr. tibika. hii haina — . This kind of work is unprofit- Pleiades (= kilimia). ugonjwa huu hautibiki. This disease is able. 2. wealth, prosperity. Cf. tijara. tilia appZ. tia. incurable, caus. tibisha. Cf. Hiba, ta- of tia 1. put, set, lay, place. — nanga. cast bibia, tabibu. = tijara* 1. tajiri. 2, (— ) wares, merchan- anchor. — chumvi. salt (food). — mbolea. tilifika intr. of tilifu. dise; profit. fertilize, manure. — adabu. teach good Aibu* (— ) tibu (a perfume prepared from manners. — kazini. set to work seriously. tilifisha caus. of tilifu. powdered sandalwood, rose water, and oil tike*, dike 1. adv. exactly, precisely. — rangi. dye, stain. — saini. sign (a docu- of cloves). 2. interj. good! right! ment). — alama. mark, designate, — jeraha tilifu 1. destroy, ruin. 2. give up, get rid

(kijeraha). inflict a wound. 2. apply, use, of, terminate, intr. tilifika. become less, tibua 1. mix, stir up. intr. tibuka. be tikisa 1. shake, move back and forth. — mti. = bring to bear. — dawa. apply medicine. decrease, be lost. caus. tilifisha tilifu. muddy (of water). 2. fig. provoke, excite. shake a tree. 2. fig. agitate, disturb, ex- — {or tilia) nguvu. strengthen, encourage. Cf. matibwitibwi. cite, shock. — mtu kwa taabu. bother — nguvuni. arrest, place in custody. tililila double appl. of tia. someone with difficulties, appl. tikisia. — moyo. encourage. — moyoni. reflect, tifu 1. (ma-) dust, fine sand. 2. (also ti- intr. tikisika. nchi yote ilitikisika watu consider seriously. 3. produce, cause. tilisika see tiririka. futifu) crumbly, loose, friable, dusty, waliposikia kuwa kuna vita. The whole — ugonjwa. cause an illness. — mashaka. pulverized. Cf. tifua. country was excited when people heard that raise doubts. — hofu. inspire fear. — fura- timamu* 1. (—) completion, conclusion; there was war. caus. tikisisha. Cf. mtiki- ha (huzuni). cause joy (sorrow). — mimba. completed state. 2. adj. completed, tifua make the dust rise, shake, stir up; pul- pregnant, jitia. 1. devote one- finished; present (in full strength, with make refl. verize; rummage about, appl. tifulia. self to, occupy oneself with. 2, adapt one- perfect attendance), je watu wote — intr. tifuka. caus. tifusha. Cf. tifu. tikita 1. grind, pound, pulverize; masticate all self to. 3. pretend, feign, jitia ugonjwa. Are the people present (with no ab- (thoroughly). 2. fig. — usingizi. have a feign illness, appl. tilia. double appl. sences)? Cf. nimu. tifutifu see tifu 2. sound sleep, appl. tikitia. int. tikitiza. til ilia, tililia uzi. mend, darn. intr. 1. grind up fine. 2. roll the hips. 528 tindiga tindika 529

tindika 1. cut/clip/lop timazi* (—) plummet, plumb bob; (sounding-) Itimu* 1. be completed/finished/concluded; off (plants). 2. end, tipitipi (— ) ornith. (species of) coucal.

conclude. fail, = lead; pendulum. be complete/perfect. 2. contain, be in- 3. run out, run short, appl. ( dudumizi.)

cluded, us. appl. timia. fedha hazikuti- tindikia. run short of something, be defi- cient, tindikia chakula. run short of food, tipwa, tipwatipwa adj. strong, vigorous, Himba (— ) string of beads, necklace. mia. Not all the money was there (i.e., the sum was not complete), watu wote wameti- have a food shortage, caus. tindikisha. sturdy, healthy.

mia. All the people are included (in a con- ass. tindikana. be cut off/separated/iso- 2timba (— ) sprouted grain (for making beer). versation or discussion), caus. timiza. lated from each other; be dispossessed. tipwatipwa see tipwa.

complete, finish; include, double appl.- ^timba dial. = chimba. tiringa cut caus. timiliza. carry out, perform, execute tindikali* [Pers.?] (-) solder. (= lehemu.) notches, notch, score.

• j .i rt •;„,„„,,, (e.g., a coruruui,, ,0^,^,^.^,. ~, ,

) of metal, (rough) casting. timbe (— lump tiririka, tilisika timilifu, utimilifu. tindo (— ) chisel. 1. glide, slide, slither (e.g., of a snake). 2. flow, trickle, drip.

Itimbi (ma-) see chimvi. tine (ma-) anat. glans penis. Cf. mtiririko. ^timu* [Engl. J (— ) sport team. — zote

mbili zilicheza kwa bidii sana. Both the tineja* Engl. teen-ager. tisa* num. nine, —a — . ninth. ^timbi (— ) bracelet (of silver globules). teams played with great concentration. L J

tinga {rare tisaini* rare see tisini. timbua stir up (maize or millet, when being timuka see Himka, ^timka. tingatihga) 1. shake, roll, toss, bob up and vibrate. pounded in a mortar, to keep it from stick- down, 2. defeat, over-

come, get the better of. intr. tingika. tisashara*, tisatashara num., rare nineteen. ing). Cf. tibua. caus. tinda (ma-) string of beads, necklace. = tingisha. pass, tingwa. ametingwa na kazi. ( kumi na kenda.) timia appl. of Himu. He is very busy/overworked. 3.: tingatinga Ainda see chinja. tisatashara* see tisashara. (ma-) arch, tractor (= trekta). Cf. tinge- timilifu* adj. complete, finished; perfect, tinge, kitingisha. tindanga 1. make one's way, push through tisau* num. a ninth. faultless. Cf. Mimu. (e.g., dense undergrowth or water), traverse tingatinga (ma-) see tinga 3. (with difficulty, against resistance). timiliza appl.-caus. of ^timu. tisha 1. frighten, scare, intimidate, threaten. through, barely show through 2. shine 2. be timid/timorous/nervous. appZ. ti- ting'ating'a (ma-) 1. tractor. 2. police car (open places in thick vegetation). shia. intr. tishika. ass. tishana. timiza caus. of timu. (with siren). 3. tunnel. Cf. tisho, kitisho, mtishaji, utisho.

Itindi (ma-) spoke (of a bicycle wheel). Itimka, titimka, timuka 1. go at a trot, run tinge (— ) tinge (kind of dance). tishali* (ma-) see tishari. (of animals). 2. run away, flee, simba ali- grain). polikaribia lile kundi ng'ombe wote wali- ^tindi adj. unripe, not fully grown (of tingetinge, tingitingi (— ) bridge. Cf. tinga. tishari*, tishali (ma-) naut. barge, lighter; timka. When the lion approached that herd, tug. away. tingitingi (— ) see tingetinge. all the cattle ran ^tindi (ma-) see mtindi.

tisho (ma-) (also kitisho, vi-) terror, scare, plant). tini* (— ) fig. Cf. mtini. ^timka, timuka be ruffled/dishevelled (of tindiga (-) tindiga (a thorny swamp threat, menace, danger. Cf. tisha. feathers, hair), caus. timsha. tipati* \_Engl.J (—) rare tea party. tisini* {rare tisaini) num. ninety. . )

tofoa 530 531

toa courage/severity. 3. take 1. be lacking. The simple form occurs ^tobwe (ma-) stupid person, fool. tisti* adv. firmly, immovably, simama — — ukali. show save (from something). — ka- only as an auxil. v. forming the negative stand firm. out, remove; of from a job. — makosa. the infinitive, usually in the shortened form zini. discharge ''tobwe (ma-) see tobo. errors, — hatarini. save from a kuto- (< kutoa). kutofanya. not do. kuto- tisu* [.Engl, tissue?] (-) (fine) muslin. correct danger. 4. take away, reduce; (math.) sema. not speak, siasa ya tofungamana. tochi* lEngl. J (—) 1. (electric) torch, kumi kutoa tano ni tano. 10—5 policy of non-alignment, intr. toweka. be tita 1. tie up in a bundle. 2. carry a bundle. subtract, flashlight. 2. (cigarette) lighter. = 5. jitoa. 1. refuse, renounce, dis- lacking/absent, disappear; be beside one- appl. titia. walk in a stooped position, be reft, give in, yield, surrender; come self, caus. towesha. put out of the way; bowed down (under a burden); be arched/ avow. 2. tofaa* (ma-) fruit of the rose-apple tree a peg. appl. tolea, tolia. 1. give ruin, destroy; dissipate, scatter. 2. (— raised; stagger, break down (under a burden), down (mtofaa, q.v.).

i , ii . . ...,- T_ »L: l away/remove from; save from. lack, want; fault, defect. Itrivn. : % fake Cf. mtnvn. conapse. napu arum iiiietiua. i" wn^ ^*"<-~ to utovu. jitolea. make sacrifices, vol- the earth is mounded up. intr. titika. have refl.-appl. tofali*, tufali (ma-) brick, matofali ya ku- unteer, appl.-ass. toleana. 1. give to a heavy burden (also fig.)- caus. titisha. choma. fired brick, matofali ya kuanika. toamini* lack faith, distrust. each other. 2. take away from each other. Cf. 2toa & ^amini. put a (heavy) burden on someone; cause to mud brick, adobe, udongo wa matofali. pass, tolewa. be given out/published; be stagger/collapse. 3. (ma-) bundle (of clay for brick-making. toasi, toazi, tuwazi (ma-) mus. cymbal. driven away /expelled, intr. toka. 1. come/ Cf. grass, firewood). Cf. mtitio. kitoasi. go out; get out, quit, nimetoka kazini. I tofauti, tafauti (— ) 1. difference, distinc- job. am coming from work; I have quit my riti (ma-) anat. nipple, teat. (= chuchu.) tion; discrepancy, hapana — . There is no in. toazi* (ma-) see toasi. 2. come/be from (a place), originate difference. 2. difference of opinion, quar- ametoka . He is from Zanzibar. titiga 1. hit, beat. 2. stir vigorously, whip. rel, dispute, ana — nao. His opinion dif- from, toba* (— ) 1. regret, remorse, repentance, 3. come away from, be rid of, recover con- fers from theirs, 3. fault, defect, nunua trition. 2. rel. confession, penance, toka ugonjwani. recover from an illness. titima roll, rumble, rattle, clatter. samaki hawana — . Buy these fish, they omba — . ask forgiveness, siku za — . day intr.-appl. tokea. 1. come out, appear, are good (have no faults). 4. adj. /adv. of forgiveness. happen. 2. be saved from something. titimka see Himka. different, dissimilar; not exactly what one result from, be a result/consequence of. 3. expected/wanted, not up to standard. tobo, tobwe (ma-) hole, opening. intr.-caus. tokeza. 1. cause to come out, Cf. toboa. tiva (-) ornith. (species of) shrike (bou-bou, make prominent. 2. (intr.) project, be puffback). tofautiana ass. of tofautisha. toboa 1. make a prominent, intr.-caus.-refl. jitoleza. put hole, pierce, penetrate, break through, oneself forward, introduce oneself, caus. ameingia nyumbani kwa kutoboa to— not, non- (forming the negative of infini- tofautisha 1. distinguish, make a distinc- extract, impose, collect, toza kodi. ukula. He got into the house by breaking toza. tion, ni lazima utofautishe kati mtu na tives; cf. noa). ya toza adabu. impose a fine. through the wall. 2. fig. make a way /pas- collect taxes, mtu usiwaamini wote. You must make a /part from each other. sage, force ass. tokana. 1 . leave one's way through something. is- distinction among people; you cannot be- Ifoa, towa 1. put/take/give out, give off, taabu nyingi 2. result from, be caused by. 3. fig. maintain, assert, insist, appl. to- lieve everybody. 2. be different, ass. sue, emit, produce, publish. - amri. give difficulties zimetokana na mtu yule. Many bolea. intr. toboka. caus. tobosha. Cf. tofautiana. be different from each other, order. - habari. give a report. - hotu- an have been caused by that man. Cf. toka, tobo, kitobo. siasa zao zinatofautiana. They are pur- ba. give a speech; (rel.) preach. - saiti. matokeo, tokeo, tolatola, toleo, kitoleo, suing different policies. give a signal. - maua. bloom. — machozi. mtozaji, utoaji, mtoa, mtoaji, mtoki, mtoza, tobosha caus. of toboa. - num. shine, gleam. - pumzi. cry, weep. utokezo, utoko, utolewaji. tofoa, tofua 1. = pofua. 2. stick, stab, exhale. - shauri. give (a piece of) advice. Mobwe (ma-) wood of the mtobwe shrub. na yake. the teeth. amemtofoa jicho kalamu He 2. show, display. - meno. show stabbed him in the eye with his pencil. ,

toleana tonge tofua 532 tole 533

tofua tofoa. tokana ass. of ltoa. toleana appl.-ass. of ltoa. tomoa 1. rare break through, pierce. 2. de- flower (a virgin). toga pierce (the ears, for earrings). — toleo (ma-) that which goes out/is delivered, mtoto *tokea intr.-appl. of ltoa. masikio. pierce the lobes of a child's ears, etc.; (rec.) production. Cf. Moa. tomoko (ma-) custard apple (fruit of the mto- pass, togwa. moko/mtopetope). ^toke a prep. see 2toka toli* (— ) thread, cord, braid.

(ma-) tomondo (fruit of the mtomo- Hogwa (— ) togwa (an unfermented ^tomondo beverage tokeo (ma-) (us. pi.) 1. appearance, occur- toma thrust (in), jitoma. burst in. Cf. choma. ndo, q.v.). made of various grains with water and rence, — la Bwana. Epiphany. 2. result,

sugar), hii si pombe ni — . This is not beer consequence. 3. apparition, vision. Inmasa nress. squeeze (ffently). feel (some- but togwa. (- Cf. ltoa. -tomondo (— ) dial, hippopotamus. kibo- thing soft), knead, ukitaka kununua embe, ko.) kwanza huitomasa uitazame kama ni mbichi Hogwa pass, of toga. toki (— ) see mtoki. au imeiva. When you want to buy a mango tona drip. appl. tonea. intr. toneka. caus. you feel/squeeze it first to see if it is ripe 1. tonesha. tohara* (— ) 1. Isl. ritual purity (us. through tokomea disappear, vanish, ametokomea or not. disappeared in the bush. circumcision), hana — . He is impure (i.e. msituni. He

) tondo (species of snail). cannot enter a mosque). 2. circumcision. 2. be completely destroyed. 3. arrive, tondo (— tomba copulate (of a male animal, and vulg.). 3. Christ, purgatory. Cf. tahiri, mtohara, enter a place (with much noise and confu- ass. tombana. pass, tombwa. Cf. Ipanda, sion), caus. tokomeza. 1. destroy, anni- utohara. tondoo ) tondoo (fruit of the ^mtondoo, kwea. (— hilate. 2. scatter, spread. Cf. u tokomea ji. q.v.). tohe, toi (— ) tohe (kind of wild goat). tombo, tomboo, tomboro, tomboroko (— ) ornith. tokomeza caus. of tokomea. quail. ^tondoo (ma-), mtondoo (mi-) rare thimble. toi (— ) see tohe. (- kastabini, subana.) tokoni, tokono (ma-) anat. coccyx. tomboo (— ) see tombo. toja 1. make an incision, tattoo. — mshipa. tondoti pi. of utondoti. tokosa caus. tokota. open a vein, bleed (a person). 2. rare of tomboro (— ) see tombo. drip. (- tona.) Cf. tojo. tone (ma-) drop (of a liquid). — la maji tokota be boiled/cooked/fried, caus. to- (damu). drop of water (blood), nimepigwa tomboroko (— ) see tombo. kosa. boil, cook, fry. mayai ya kutokosa. = tojo (ma-) 1. incision, cut, slash, gash; tat- na — la mvua. I felt a drop of rain ( It is = boiled eggs. Cf. mtokoso. tooing). 2, rare drop. ( tone.) Cf. toja. to rain). tona. tomea 1. reinforce/surface (a wall, etc.) by beginning Cf.

coating with mortar mixed with small tola* [ind. (—) tola (unit of weight for J tonosha. Moka intr. of noa. stones. 2. roughcast, plaster, caus. tonesha see precious metals and perfumes; about V% tomesha. Cf. mtomo. ounce or 14 grams). tonga (ma-) 1. basket. 2.: - la dafu. co- ^toka, tokea, kutoka prep, from, out of, away conut in the final stage of development. from; since. — huku. from there to here. Homesha egg on, sic on (a dog, etc.); urge/ tolatola adj., rare selected, choice. Cf. amekwenda — nyumbani. He went away from attack, incite, stir up. ltoa. encourage to tonge (-) (augment, of kitonge) lump, ball the house. — hapo. from this time on. — (of rice, etc.). Cf. donge. jana. since yesterday. — leo. from today tolea appZ. of ho ^tomesha caus. of tomea. on. — zamani. for a longtime. Cf. -Hoa. .

535 tongo 534

5tora rare: tope (ma-) (us. matope) 1. mud, dirt. - meno. pick the teeth. (= cho- fedha Mongo (ma-) a deserted settlement/village. yangu, lakini imetota. I have given crowd. koa.) Cf. totora. = 2. rare great number (of people), him my money, but I don't expect to see it ( hame, kihame, mahame.) watu wengi kama — . a great throng of again. 3. become wet/soaked, nguo zangu torati*, taurati people. Cf. topea? (-) rel. the Pentateuch. zimetota. My clothes are soaked. 4. sink Aongo (ma-) tongo (variety of banana; in; be ruined/destroyed, stat. totama. - ^mgomba). topea sink into something, be plunged/sub- toria (ma-) toria (kind of liana). caus. tosa. throw into the water, sub- get into merged/steeped in something; merge (something/someone); (fig.) waste, ^tongo (— ): — kanga/pofu/simba. ornith. toroka trouble, be overwhelmed/swamped with run away, flee, escape; play truant, squander, walizitosa mali zetu baharini. (various species of) finch, mannikin. wafungwa difficulties, mtu yule ugonjwa wa ukoma wawili walitoroka jela. Two pri- They have wasted our property (lit. thrown

. Tl„. „„„ U„o k=o„ ool^orl U soners ::_!_ a. \ n ...... — ..aye ... ,iiiicnii..|« ... *.»-» , escape .r=rr. t„e jail. cuus. m,.u mv. .-.l:u/„ LUUi.-njjl. JllOSa. [MOW tongoza lead astray, seduce (a woman), appl. leprosy, caus. topeza. cause something torosha. Cf. mtoro, utoro. oneself into the water. tongozea. caus. tongozesha. ass. tongo- to sink in, press/push/plunge (something zana. Cf. mtongozi, utongozaji. torosha into something else). caus. of toroka. toto (ma-) 1. augment, of mtoto. 2. part (of a whole). tone. toni* I Engl. J (— ) mus. (ma-) topetope (fruit of the mtope- topetope Mosa 1. (ma-) fruit that is beginning to tope. - tomoko). totoma 1. wander about. 2. ripen or is nearly ripe. 2. adj. ripening, rare get lost. fat, put on appl. totomea. Itonoka, tononeka, tononoka get nearly ripe, embe -. a ripening mango. weight; flourish, prosper; regain strength/ topeza caus. of topea.

health; become healthy/vigorous, caus. totora pick the teeth. (= chokoa.) Cf. ^tora. Hosa caus. of tola. tonokesha, tononosha. topito* [Engl.l (-) 1. torpedo. 2. sling- birds). shot, catapult (for shooting movu adj. tosha be enough/sufficient/adequate/satis- lacking, missing. Cf. noa, mtovu, utovu. intr. tonosha. ^tonoka of factory, suffice, -a kutosha. enough, suf- topoa 1. pull out, extricate (from difficul- ficient, haitoshi. it is not enough, appl. ties), rescue (from a difficult or unpleas- tovu tonokesha caus. of -Honoka. toshea. double appl. toshelea. double (ma-) augment, of kitovu. tungu — ant situation). 2. counteract (a poison, appl.-caus. tosheleza. satisfy, give protruding navel. 3. arch, set free/release (from a Itonoka. etc.). tononoka see satisfaction; fulfill (the terms /requirements magic spell), appl. topolea. intr. topoka. towa of someth.). kazi yake inatosheleza. His see Hoa, ^toa. tononosha caus. of Itonoka. work is satisfactory. topolea appL of topoa. towashi* LPers.J (ma-) eunuch.

tonosha, tonesha hurt someone by inadvert- toshea appl. of tosha. Itora* ?] spear with a narrow head. ently bumping a sore or wound, intr. tonoka. [ towe (-) potter's clay. (= udongo.)

tosheleza double appl.-caus. of tosha. orderliness. towea add to, put into (food); flavor, season. top* LEngl.?1 adv. extremely, to a high de- 2tora* (— ) rare regularity, appl. towelea. gree. tosi pi. of utosi. flavor /season (food with something), eat with... towelea wali kwa ^tora cackle (of hens). mchuzi. flavor rice with topas* [?] (ma-) scavenger, street sweeper, tola 1. sink; be drowned, drown; go down, gravy, nimenu- nua nyama ili nikatowelee na ugali latrine cleaner. founder (of ships), meli imetota. The ship wangu. ^tora see chora. I have bought meat to eat along has sunk. 2. lose irrecoverably, nimempa with my porridge, caus. toweza, towesha. Cf. kito- weo. toweka 536 tubu 537 tukuka

4. come to rest, take a rest, settle down, toweka intr. of ^toa. tubu* regret, repent, feel remorse, ametubu tukana kama maji ya mtungi. He 1. curse, swear. 2. abuse, revile, stop, lazima atue makosa yake. He repents of his shortcom- insult, appl. tukania. intr. tukanika. toweo (ma-) see kitoweo. ought to take to a more regular existence ings, appl. mbia. caus. tubisha. Cf. ass. tukanana. watu (lit. He should settle down like the water wametukanana. The kitubio. people were using abusive in a jug). 5. calm down, satisfy, appl. language to Itowesha caus. of ^toa. each other, caus. tulia. 1. calm down, become/be quiet/ tukanisha. 1. (w. int. tufali* (ma-) see tofali. force) treat , bahari imetulia. The sea has be- someone with the greatest con- ^towesha caus. of lovvea. tempt; avoid come calm. 2. be satisfied, moyo umemtu- someone's company. 2. give tufani* (-) storm, hurricane, typhoon. someone a bad name, lia. He is satisfied. 3. settle down, stay expose someone to toweza caus. of towea. ridicule, make in one place, have an established residence. someone a public laughing- tufe* I-) 1. Knll Uoll /- . > . , , -.-wg^,,^ v iiijjira;. stock, ukienda imp. tulia! Calm yourself! Calm down! nchi ya mbali usitukanishe math, 2. sphere. _ nzima. a solid sphere. Itoza (ma-) pipe bowl. taifa lako. When you visit intr. tulika. convey, forward, transport. a foreign coun- try, behave bring to rest, ease, allay, yourself properly (lit. do not caus. tuliza. tuguu (ma-) tuguu (a mat on which grain is comfort, reassure, disgrace your people). Cf. matukano. Hoza caus. of Hoa. relieve (pain); pacify, ground).

dawa hii inatuliza maumivu. This medicine tukano (ma-) (us. trakta* (ma-) see trekta. relieves the pain, lazima nimtulize. I must matukano) swearing, abu- tuhuma* (-) suspicion, accusation. Cf. tu- sive language, caus. -ass. tulizana. abuse, insults. Cf. tukana. comfort/reassure him. humu. transista* [Engl.l (-) elee. transistor. comfort/pacify each other; live on good tukia along well to- happen, occur, take place; appear, pre- terms with each other, get tuhumu* (rare tehemu) suspect, throw suspi- sent itself; turn out. trekta*, trakta lEngl.l (ma-) tractor, kilimo gether, double appl. -ass. tuliliana. reach jambo baya limenitu- cion on, accuse, charge with something. kia leo. A kwa matrekta. In modern a satisfactory agreement/settlement, stat. terrible thing happened to me kipya cha sasa ni appl. tuhumia. intr. tuhumika. caus. tu- today, ilitukia jinsi agriculture tractors are used. tuama. 1. lead a settled existence, be a alivyosema. It turned humisha. appl.-ass. tuhumiana. Cf. tu- out just as 2. settle muddy he said. caus. tukiza. Cf. permanent resident. (of huma. settle down to- tukio, kituko. treni* [.Engl.] (-) rare (railroad) train. water, etc.). ass. tuana. gether, reach an agreement. Cf. tuli, tu- tui (-) tui (strained coconut juice). tukio (ma-) 1. occurrence, event, incident. tropiki* [Engl.] geogr. tropic(s). -a-. livu, tulizo, kitulivu, kitulizo, kituo, mtu- 2. accident. Cf. tukia. tropical. livu, utulivu, utuvu. tuili* 1. be prolonged/delayed/postponed. caus. tuiliza, tuilisha. prolong, delay, tukiza caus. of tukia. nothing but; utterly, tu adv. only, just, merely, 2 tua * (_) 1„ fate, destiny. 2. blemish, make late; put off, postpone, defer. 2. adj. just a completely. Cf. tupu(?). kidogo -. disgrace, stigma. 3. libel, calumny, lengthy, protracted, prolonged, dilatory, de- tukufu adj. great, important; glorious, mag- little, ni fungu -. It is only a part, mtoto slander. layed, belated. Cf. tawili. nificent; majestic; generally a child, giza recognized, — . a mere child, nothing but widely known. Cf. tukuka, mtukufu, utu- — . utter darkness. o 1 , a tuilisha caus. tuili. tua see chua. of kufu.

down a Itua 1. put/set down. - mzigo. put mama slat, of ^tua. tuiliza caus. of tuili. tukuka be great/important/famous/generally burden. 2. settle (down); set (of the sun). recognized, mashine mpya imetukuka ma- sun has set/gone down. jua limetua. The tuana ass. of nua. tuka (-) post, prop, support. (= nguzo.) hali pengi duniani. The new machine is air- 3. land, ndege imetua kiwanjani. The

plane has landed on the flying field. -

tukusha 538 539 tumbua

d.spatch. 2. w . i well known in many parts of the world, caus. tulia appl. & imp. of tua. ( nt . OTCe) assign f ^^ tumbasi* a (-) med.,rare abscess. tukuza. make famous/prominent, bring special/urgent task/duty. (= jipu.) into pass, tumivva. the ass. tumana. foreground, give publicity to. viongozi tuliliana double appL-ass. of Mua. Cf. tume, kitumwa, matumi- tumbawe (ma-) coral rag shi, matumizi, (i.e., cora l in the wa chama hiki wametukuzwa sana katika mtume, mtumishi, mtumo, state before complete mtumwa, petrifaction; hence magazeti. The leaders of this party have tulivu adj. quiet, still, peaceful. mtumwaji, Cf. ^tua, utume, utumishi, utumizi, light, and used for lime utumwa. burning). Cf. been given a great deal of publicity in the kitulivu, mtulivu, utulivu. marijani. newspapers. Cf. tukufu, mtukufu, utukufu. tumai* tuliza caus. of tua. see tumaini. tumbili, tumbiri (_) tumbili (species of small tukusha caus. of tukuta. monkey). Cf. kima, tumaini*. nyani, ngedere. tumai ' tuli/n (ma-) 1. quieting, soothing; relief, 1. wi«K deeirr - ca tukuta 1. be restless/nervous. 2, be impa- comfort. 2. sedative, anodyne, mgonjwa 2. hope for, expect. 3. trust, have confi- tumbiri (-) see tumbili. dence in, rely tient/bad-tempered/moody, 3. amelala baada ya kupewa — . After taking on , be worried/ beIieve . tunamtumainj mtuhuyu. alarmed, intr. tukutika. 1, be irritable/ a sedative the patient slept. Cf. Hua. We trust this man, appl. tu . tumbo (-) 1. stomach, belly; mainia. abdomen, ma- excitable. 2. tremble, quiver; be jumpy, intr. tumainika. caus. tumainisha. tumbo. bowels, viscera. 2. raise (_ la uzazi) start intr. tuma 1. send, dispatch fa person). 2. give someone's hopes, up (with fright), -caus. tukutiza. give someone assur- womb, ndugu-moja. children ance. of a single cause work to, put to work, employ. — fulani kwa 4. (ma-) (us. restlessness/excitement, caus. tu- matumaini) desire; mother. ngoja ngoja yaumiza -. Waiting kazi. give someone work. appl. tumia. belief, faith, confidence, kusha. make someone nervous/restless; trust; hope, ex-' is painful (lit. hurts the stomach). 3. pain 1. use, make use of, utilize, employ Pectation. 5. adj. confident, annoy, torment. Cf. tukutiko, tukutu, mtu- hopefu'l. Cf. or complaint in the stomach or abdomen, (either person or thing), tumia taratibu tumainifu, mtumainifu; kutu, utukutu. also tamaa, tamani. stomachache, colic. - la kuhara. diarrhea. {or kwa kadiri). use sparingly, be sparing/ - la kuhara damu. dysentery. 4. tumainifu* fig. in- tremor, shud- frugal. 2. have sexual relations with... adj. 1. trusting, tukutiko, tukuto (ma-) trembling, confidentf hope . terior of something (e.g., hold of a ship), 3. (intr.) menstruate, double appl. tu- ful. trustworthy, dering; nervousness, excitement, nervous 2. reliable, Cf. tumaini. capacity. _ l a merikebu. tonnage of a milia. utilize (fully), use (up), tumilia emotion. tukuta. Cf. ship. 5. protuberance, swelling. Cf. ki- mbali. use up completely, consume. itumba (ma-) (augment, of mtumba) cover, tumbo, utumbo. double appl.-refl. jitumilia. waste, squan- tukutiza intr.-caus. of tukuta. container, case; package, bag, bundle, bale. der; waste time, loiter, loaf. intr. tumika. - la nguo. bundle of clothes. - tumbua 1. eviscerate, la ua . bud. draw (poultry). 2. 1. have work, be employed, anaitumikia open tukuto (ma-) see tukutiko. - la kitabu. cover of a up, cut open, book. _ | a make a mwezi . hole (in something). works at school. 2. be skuli yetu. He our halo of the moon. Cf. tumbua, - jipu. lance tumbo. a boil. 3, dissect, appl. usable, be available (for use / employment). tukutu adj. 1. restless, nervous, irritable; tumbulia. tumbulia macho, open the pesa za Wareno hazitumiki tena Afrika eyes annoying, troublesome; nagging, querulous. 2 tumba ma wide, stare, intr. ( .) arch, tumba (calabash tumbuka, tumburujika. Mashariki. Portuguese money is no longer containing 2. fidgety, mischievous (of a small child). a magic be opened up/cut potion). open, break open, intr.- used in East Africa, intr.-appl. tumikia. Cf. tukuta, mtukutu, utukutu. appl. tumbukia. rush/burst/fall/tumble work for (someone), serve, be a servant tumbako* into something, (-) S ee tumbaku. tumbukia kisimani. tumble (of someone); be useful/available to tukuza caus. of tukuka. into a well. rov p . mchimba kisima - (someone); obey; intr.-appl.-pass. tumi- tumbaku*. mbukia mwenyewe. tumbako [/,«£](_) tobacco, Who digs a pit for kiwa. anapenda sana kutumikiwa. He is vuta tule* adj. poor, wretched, miserable. Cf. smoke, others falls nusa- take snuff. - into it himself, intr.-appl.. very fond of being waited on. intr.-caus. ya kunusa. matule, mtule, utule. snuff caus. (= ugolo). tafuna/bugia tumbukiza. cause to fall into, tumikisha. take as a servant/employee. -. chew to- push bacco. into something, Cf. mtumbako. caus. tumbuza. force off, a adj., adv. quiet, still; reserved. Hua. caus. tumisha, tumiza. 1. send tuli Cf. way through something (forest, etc.); look tumbuika 540 tundika

tundiz 541 tungi

at fixedly, glare at. nurnba, Cf. tumbo, numu*, saumu (— ) fasting, time of fasting. mtumbwi, utumbavu, utumbo. tundiza mwezi wa — . month of fasting, Ramadhan. begin to ripen (fruit). tunga put together, tie/string together; ar-

range, put in order; put in a row, line up; tumbuika be soothed/calmed/pacified/con- ^undu ^tumu* (— ) see thumu. 1. (-) hole (in gen.), aperture, pas- form, compose, construct, make. — maua. soled, caus. tumbuiza. soothe, calm, ap- sage, hollow; leak. - ya pua. nostril. _ ya make a bouquet. - uzi katika shindano. pease; delight, amuse, tumbuiza kwa ma- tuna 1. puff up, swell out. — mashavu. sindano. eye of a needle. _ ya bunduki. thread a needle, - samaki. string fish neno mazuri. soothe/placate with pleasant puff cheeks, 2. muzzle of a gun. up the fig. put on airs, 2. (ma-) a hollow recep- (for drying). — ushanga. string beads. — words, walitutumbuiza kwa muziki wao. act high and mighty, anapendasana kutu- tacle, e.g.: den, lair an (of animal), nest usaha. form matter, suppurate (a sore). They have amused us with their music. na. He likes to act big. 3, be annoyed/ (of a bird), cage, pocket, basket. — kitabu. write a book. - mashairi. write Cf. tumbuizo, mtumbuizi, utumbuizi. nut of humor, rpfl. iilnna. raitnn airs r>p poet.-}'. r.y.x.,0. compose s^u6 =, uppl. arrogant. appl. tunia. intr. tunika. caus. 2tundu* tungia. [PersJ adj. 1. ill-bred, insolent, intr. tungika. 1. be joined/tied tumbuiza caus. of tumbuika. tunisha. 1. dress up. 2. blow up, ex- together. impudent, stubborn. 2. troublesome, mis- 2. be hung up/suspended. 3. be aggerate; flatter. 3. anger/offend someone, chievous (child). 3. worthless, good-for- dependent on (something or someone), tumbuizo (ma-) 1. lullaby, soothing song. nothing. Cf. 1 tundua, mtundu, utundu. caus. tungiza. 1. put in order. 2. cause 2. refrain (of a song). Cf. tumbuika. Hunda 1. (ma-) (piece of) fruit. — bivu to follow, lead (people in a single file),

draw/pull (as a locomotive pulls cars), (bichi). unripe (ripe) fruit, matunda. fruit tundua* [Pers.J spoil, pamper tumbuka intr. of tumbua. (a child). result, 2 stat. tungama. 1, be firm/stable/durable. (coll.); (fig.) outcome, product. Cf. tundu. haya ni matunda ya tabia zako. This is 2. become thick, congeal, stat.-ass. tu- tumbulia appl. of tumbua. the result of your disposition. 2. v. dial. ngamana. 1. hold together, be in agree- tundua take/get down (something hanging/ pluck, gather (fruit) (~ chuma). ment/harmony, watu wamelungamana. The suspended). tumbuo*, tumbuu LPers.?J (— ) metal fastener Cf. tundika, tunduo. people present a united front. 2. be packed for a door or window (consisting of a chain together/crowded, stat.-ass. -caus. tunga- Hunda (— ) tunda (belt of beads, worn by securing a hasp and staple). tunduaa see tunduwaa. women). manisha. cause to agree/harmonize, inv. tungua. 1. get out of order, disarrange. tumburujika 1. be decayed/rotten/useless; tunduia keep an eye on, watch, guard, spy on, 2. separate, interrupt. 3. lower, settle reduce = tundama 1. accumulate, (e.g., of investigate, (fig.) be corrupted. 2. tumbuka (intr. appl. tundulia. anamtundulia (prices). 4, take down (e.g., from a hook); water in a hole). 2. stand in line, queue of tumbua). sana mkewe. He keeps a close eye on his (fig.) buy clothing ready-made, suti hii up. watu wametundama tangu mlangoni wife. caus. tunduiza. have someone umeshonesha ao umetungua? Did you have mpaka barabarani. The people were lined tumbuu* (— ) see tumbuo. watched/investigated. Cf. tunduizi, mtu- this suit made to order or did you buy it up from the door to the street, nduizi, utunduizi. ready-made? inv.-appl. tungulia. inv.- tumbuza caus. of tumbua. intr. tunguka. Cf. tungizi, mtunga, tundawaa, tunduaa be motionless, still, tunduiza caus. of tunduia. mtungo, mtunguo, utungaji, utungo. quiet; freeze (in a certain position), tume (— ) 1. messenger; (Isl.) apostle caus. tundawaza. (- Muhammad). 2. employee, servant; rep- tunduizi (ma-) watcher, guard, spy. Cf. tu- ^tunga (— ) tunga (a round, flat basket used resentative, agent. 3. errand, task; busi- nduia, mtunduizi. tundawaza caus. of tundawaa. for winnowing grain). ness, occupation. Cf. tuma. tunduo (ma-) (act of) taking down (something tundika hang up, suspend. appZ. tundikia. tungama stat. of Munga. tumia appl. of tuma. suspended). Cf. tundua, tundika. caus. tundikisha. Cf. ^tundua, tunduo. tungi (ma-) augment, of mtungi. .

tupa tungika 542 tupa 543

1 attention, tungika intr. of tunga. ceive a special honor/distinction, pay a refl. jitupa kitandani. throw turusi* [Engl.l (-) rare truss, supporting high price for something, appl. tunukia. oneself down on one's bed, be completely framework; window frame. tungiza caus. of Munga. have a special liking for something; make exhausted, pass, tupwa. ametupwa. He a present to someone, show someone an has b.een repudiated/has emigrated. tusha annoy, irritate; treat with contempt, x tungizi (ma-) (us. matungizi) 1. invention. honor, ametunukiwa na serikali. He has Cf. mtupa, mtupio, mtupo. humiliate, degrade, abase, appl. tushia. 2. (act of) inventing/devising. Cf. tunga. received a decoration from the government. intr. tushika. refl. jitusha. abase one- ass. tunukana. tunu, 2 Cf. utunu. tupa (also dupa) self, (-) rasp, file. pi Ra -. to submit, yield; disgrace oneself, inv. tungo (ma-) augment, mtungo. of rasp/file, kata kwa -. file through some- tushua = tusha. Cf. tushi, matusi. tunutu, funutu locust. (— ) young th mg. - ya tunga. rasp, wood file. _ ya ltunm. C m <..^ 1 *.„„„:„„ .(I _.1_L--l v'iiei.ai-)fiie. ^al, iusi, iusu (ma-) (us. matushij abuse, 2. {also — tunza 1. care for, take care of, mind, tend; fig. tovu) protruding navel. insult, offensive language/behavior, ame- guard, protect. — mtoto. look after/mind tupu adj. 1. naked, bare, bald, kwa miguu tumia Iugha yamatushi. He used offensive a child. 2. do something carefully/atten- mitupu. with language, ^tungu (— ) wood file, rasp. bare feet, barefoot. 2. empty; kuingia katika nyumba bila ya tively. 3. make a present, show an honor (fig.) meaningless, worthless, mkono kupiga hodi ni matushi. To enter a house = tunukia), make an award, ( ametunzwa. mtupu without tungua 1. inv. of ^tunga. 2.: — usingizi. haurambwi. An empty hand is not knocking is impolite. Cf. tusha. He has been (signally) honored/has re- fall into a deep sleep. welcomed (lit. is not licked), maneno ma- ceived an award, appl. tunzia. look tupu. empty (= meaningless) words. tusi 3. mere, (— ) palanquin, litter; (rare) stretcher after/keep an eye on/take care of (some- tunguja ) 1. tunguja pure, sheer, downright, = (— (fruit of the mtunguja; uwongo mtupu. a ( kitanda). thing/someone), intr. tunzika. kitabu cf. mtua). 2. rare (European) tomato downright/barefaced lie. Cf. utupu. hiki kimetunzika. This book has received = ^nyanya, tungule). ( 2 tusi very favorable notice, caus. tunzisha. (ma-) tushi turbali*, turubai (_) see turubali. 4, (ma-) = tunzo. tunzo, mtunza, 2 Cf. tungule (— ) tomato. (= n anya ,) Cf. mtu- y tusu utunzaji; also tuza. (ma-) see tushi. turubali*, ngule. turbali, turubai [Engl.] (-) 1. tar-

paulin, sailcloth. 2. oilcloth, waxed paper. tuta tunzo, tunza, utunzo (— , ma-) care, atten- 1. pile/heap up (fruit,, grain). 2. carry. tunguri (— ) (small) gourd/calabash. tion; protection; honor, award, distinction. appl. tutia. fill up with something, pour turufu* scorn, despise, disdain; ignore, neg- on, amepewa — . He has received a distinc- throw into a heap, tutia majani. sweep tunguridi (— ) ornith. (species of) finch. lect. tion. Cf. tunza; also tuzo. up leaves, tutia kaburi. close a grave.

intr. tutika (w. tr. force), carry off (one tuni* [Engl. J (—) tune. 2 turufu* [Port.'] (-) cards trump(s). hii load of something after another). Hupa 1. throw, cast, hurl. — chini. throw ndiyo karata ya -. This is the trump card. to the ground. — macho, cast the eyes tunu 1. (— ) something rare/valuable; rarity; on something. 2. throw away, repudiate, Aula (ma-) 1. bed planting). - (valuable) gift, keepsake, souvenir. 2. adj. (for la ku- turuhani* [Pers.l (-) tare (allowance abandon, desert, amemtupa mkewe. He for panda mbegu. seedbed, piga/chimba — rare, valuable; (fig.) dear, precious. Cf. packing, when weighing); has deserted his wife, ametutupa mkono. (fig.) something dig up a bed. tunuka. 2. fig., coll. grave. extra (thrown in w. a sale), bonus. He has died (lit. He has thrown us his

hand). appZ. tupia. 1. throw away, 2. tunuka, chunuka be very fond of, set great '^tuta rare beat (of the heart), pulsate. Turuki* (ma-) see Mturuki. throw something at/to (someone); (fig.) store by; yearn for, have one's heart set on; speak to (someone), refer (something to finally obtain something long desired, re- *tutu (-) tutu (kind of drum). turuma* (mi-) rare molding, panelling, wain- someone), intr. tupika. be thrown down/ scoting. away (carelessly); (fig.) escape the . ) .

544 twalika 545

tuutuu (ma-) see tutuu. ^tutu (—) ornith. tutu (species of wild dove). twalika intr. of ^twa. tweta pant, gasp, breathe heavily/with diffi-

culty, bado anatweta. He is still breath-

tuwanyika (— ) tuwanyika (kind of snake). twaliwa pass, of ^twa. ing a dying ''tutu (— ) med. swelling, tumor. Cf. tutuu, (of person), appl. twetea.

tutuka. Cf. mtweto. tuwazi* (ma-) see toasi. twana (ma-) 1. augment, of ^mtwana.

2. rascal, -swindler. 3. ill-bred/impolite tweza {rare twesha) 1. disgrace, dishonor, *tutu interj. Restrain yourself! Leave it tuza 1. give a present/reward. 2. do honor person. humiliate. 2. offend, injure. alone! to, show respect/appreciation, pass, tu- zwa. be given a present/honored/rewarded. twanga 1. pound/clean/husk grain (in a mor- twiga (— ) giraffe. — mdogo. species of ga- tutuka, tutumka, tutuma 1. swell (up). inv. tuzua. disgrace, humiliate. 3. (— tar). 2. fie. drive a hard bargain Kpat 2. excited, bubble/boil (up). 3. fig. get = tuzo. Cf. tunza. down (the price of something). 3. beat, de- become angry; be puffed up (w. pride), irw. feat, katika mashindano hayo timo yetu twika 1. = tweka. 2. place a load on the tutumua (us. refl.-inv. jitutumua). 1. strain present; reward; honor, tuzo, tuza (ma-) gift, iliwatwanga. In this game our team won. head or shoulders, refl. jitwika. place oneself, make a strong effort. 2. puff one- award, prize. tunzo. distinction; Cf. 4. snap (a photograph), appl. twangia. a load on one's head. caus. twisha. Cf. self up, boast, usitutumke. Don't brag/put intr. twangika. caus. twangisha. Cf. twisho. on airs/act so big. caus. tutuza. caus.- tuzua inv. of tuza. mtwango, mtwanzi. intr. tutuzika. take a rest, catch one's Mwisha, twesha 1. wish someone good night. breath. tutuo, tutuu. Cf. twa see chwa. twawa pass, of *twaa. 2. pay someone an evening visit. 3. in-

vite guests for the evening. Mutuma rumble, growl. Cf. kitutumi, mtutumo. Itwaa 1. take, take away from. 2. get, re- twaza be complacent/proud/arrogant, show ceive, accept. — jina jingine. take/as- off, boast; deceive. Awisha caus. of twika. Autuma see tutuka. sume a different name. 3. mil. take, capture, occupy. 4. have sexual inter- twazana caus. -ass. of twaa. twisho (ma-) twisho (a pad used when carry- bikira. de- tutumka see tutuka. course with (a woman). — ing a load on the head). Cf. twika. flower. appZ. twalia. take away from tweka, twika raise, hoist, merikebu imetweka

intr. twalika. ass. matanga. tutumua inv. of tutuka. someone, rob. The ship has set/hoisted sail. twisti* L Engl. J dance the twist. twaana & caus. -ass. twazana. 1. have — bendera. hoist a flag, appl, twekea. and woman). tutuo (ma-) 1. hurry, haste, impatience. sexual intercourse (of man

2. be on intimate terms. 3. resemble twesha see tweza & nwisha. 2. boasting. Cf. ' tutuka. each other, pass, twaliwa, twawa.

betaken/seized/received. 2. be tutusa grope (for something), feel one's way. 1. have something stolen. Cf. intr. tutusika. med. be infected. robbed, mtwaa.

tutuu, tuutuu (ma-) med. (hard) growth, — swelling; wart. Cf. tutuka. Awaa adv. quietly, silently, lala ua (ma-) flower, blossom, toa maua. bloc ua (nyua) 1. (open) court (behind a house),

sleep peacefully. chuma — . pick flowers, shada ya maua. backyard, ninakwenda uani. I am going

tutuza caus. of tutuka. bouquet. into the backyard (= to the toilet).

twaana ass. of nwa. 2. fence, hedge, enclosure, jenga —

tutuzika caus. -intr. of tutuka. build/put up a fence. uanafunzi 547 uashi 546 uanadamu

uanafunzi sing, (period of) apprenticeship, uangalizi sing. see uangalifu. ''ua kill, murder; destroy, appl. ulia. ass. uaji sing. see uuaji. studies. Cf. ^funda. uana. pass. uawa. refl. jiua. commit uangamio sing, collapse. Cf. angamia. suicide. Cf. kiuaji, maulisho, mwuaji, uajizi*, uajazi sing, weakness, feebleness; uanahewa* sing, aviation. Cf. mwanahewa. uuaji. flabbiness; slowness, sluggishness; hesi- 'uangamizi (ma-) (us. maangamizi) 1. col- tation, indecision; lateness, delay, pro- uanajeshi* sing, military affairs. Cf. mwa- lapse, ruin, destruction. 2. loss, disap- i* crastination. Cf. ajizi. uabudiwaj sing, worship, cult. — wa mtu najeshi. pearance, mvua hii imeleta maangamizi maalamu. cult of the individual. Cf. abudu, makubwa. This rain has caused great ibada. ualimu*, uwalimu sing, teaching; teaching uananchi, uwananchi sing, citizenship, patri- devastation. Cf. angamia. profession, education; instruction, Cf. otism. Cf. mwananchi. plimn. mwalimii- jadhinsiEhaji* cir.~. festival, ceremony. C. ^uangamizi sing, stockpiling. — ya silaha adhama, adhimu. uanasheria* sing, legal matters, (the practice uambukizo (ma-) (us. maambukizo) med. za viini. stockpiling of nuclear weapons. of) law. Cf. mwanasheria. contagion. ambua. Cf. angama. uadilifu* sing, justice, honesty, integrity. infection, Cf.

Cf. adili. uanauke sing. see uke. uamini* sing. see uaminifu. uangavu, wangavu, uangafu, wangafu sing. 1. glow, luster, brightness, clearness, uadui* sing, {also maadui, adawa) enmity, uanaume sing. see uume. transparency, uaminifu*, uamini sing. 1. trust, confidence, nje leo kuna -. The weather hostility, ill-will. Cf. adui. is fair today. 2. clarity, reliance, fulani hana — . So-and-so enjoys fig. intelligence, uanda (nyanda) see uwanda. no confidence, amevunja — wake. He has discernment, penetration. Cf. 2an ga, uafisa*, uofisa LEngl. J sing, status (rank, broken his confidence. 2. trustworthiness, angaa. duties, pay, etc.) of an official/officer. uandamano (ma-) (us. maandamano) proces- veracity, credibility, honesty, accuracy, Cf. ofisa. sion. Cf. andama. reliability, dependability, certainty. uanzishaji sing. 1. beginning, origin, in-

lamini. ception. 2. foundation, establishment. uagizaji sing, request; order, commission. Cf. uandamizi (ma-) (us. maandamizi) 1. de- 2 Cf. anza. Cf. a{?a . pendence, linking. 2. sequence, continua- uamuzi sing, judgment, decision, verdict; tion. Cf. andama. arbitration. Cf. *amua. uaguzi sing. 1. interpretation, explanation, *uapo (nyapo) (self-imposed) oath, vow.

commentary. 2. prophecy, prediction. Cf. apa. uandikishaji sing, registration. Cf. andika. 'uana sing, childhood. Cf. mwana. 3. med. diagnosis. Cf. agua.

^uapo, ) rare Ipa. uandishi sing, manner of writing, style. wapo (— gift, Cf. uaili* sing, accusation, blame, reprimand, ^uana ass. of 3ua. Cf. andika. censure. Cf. aili. Uarabu* sing. Arabia. Cf. Mwarabu. uanaadamu sing. see ubinadamu. uangafu sing. see uangavu. uajazi* sing. see uajizi. uasherati*, washerati sing. 1. immorality, membership (in an organi- uanachama sing, profligacy, debauchery. 2. adultery. uangaliaji sing, guarding, supervision, care, zation). mwanachama. Uajemi*, Agami, Ajemi sing. Persia, Iran. Cf. Cf. asherati. protection. Cf. angaa. Cf. Kiajemi, Mwajemi. see ubinadamu. uanadamu sing. uashi sing, stonemason's craft, masonry, uangalifu, uangalizi sing, attention, careful- uajenti* L Engl. J sing, position (duties, pay, building trade; mason's wages. Cf. ^aka. ness, circumspection. Cf. angaa. etc.) of an agent/manager. Cf. ajenti. . .

548 ubale ubaleghi 549 uba

1. change, uasi*, wasi, uwasi, uhasi (ma-) (us. pi.) ubadilifu*, ubadili, ubadiliko (ma-) ubaleghi* sing. see ubalehe. ubaramaki* (— ) 1. ruse, trickery. 2. fool- 1. insurrection, rebellion, mutiny, fanya — exchange; changeableness. tumepata ma- ish mistake, boner. rebel, resist. 2. disobedience. 3. hesi- pumziko, lakini hatuoni mabadiliko. Al- ubalehe*, ubalehi, ubaleghi (-) (sexual) ma- though we have had a rest, we do not notice tation, misgivings (when requested to do turity, puberty, marriageable age. Cf. ba- ubardhuli* sing. see ubaradhuli. any change. 2. substitution. badili, something), vunja — . agree, accede (to a Cf. lehe.

request, etc., after a period of doubt or badilifu. ubaridi* sing. 1. coldness, coolness; cool- hesitation), (finally) give in. Cf, asi. ubalehi* sing. see ubalehe. ing. 2. fig. reserve, self-control. 3. fig. ubadiliko* (ma-) see ubadilifu. indifference, apathy. 4. fig. gentleness, uaskari* sing, military service/pay, military ubali sing. see umbali. kindness. Cf. baridi. changeableness, fickle- profession. Cf. askari. ubadilishaji* sing, 1 _-.-£;. /--/. i revisionism. Cf. bada!», ubaiozi* sing, embassy, legation, consulate; ubashiri* sing. 1. prophecy, prediction. badili, mbadilishaji. uaskofu* sing., rel. episcopate, bishopric. diplomatic/consular affairs. Cf. balozi. 2. announcement, proclamation. Cf. ba-

Cf. askofu. shiri. ubaguzi sing, different treatment, discrimi- ubamba (— ) 1. metal foil, tinsel. 2. = ^ba- nation, segregation. — wa rangi. racial uati (mbati) see Aiwati. mba. ubati (— ) rare outbuilding, shed; addition discrimination. Cf. bagua. to a house, wing; lean-to. 3 uawa pass, of ^ia. ubambo (ma-) 1. = bambo. 2. strip of ubaharia* sing, navigation, shipping, sea- plaited grass (used for making mats). ubatili*, ubatilifu sing, uselessness, futil- manship, anajifunza kazi ya — . He is uayo (nyayo) see wayo. ity, emptiness, worthlessness. Cf. batili. learning the seaman's trade. Cf. bahari, *ubango (ma-) husk of the betel nut. baharia. uazimaji sing, obligation, commitment; loan ubatHifu* sing. see ubatili.

(for a fixed period of time), maktaba ya — ubahili* sing, avarice, miserliness. ^ubango (ma-) ubango (kind of reed). lending library. Cf. ^azima. ubatizo* I Engl. J sing., rel. baptism. Cf. bahili. Cf. batiza. *ubani* sing, frankincense, ubaba sing, paternity, fatherhood. Cf. baba. ubaini* sing. see ubainifu. ubau (mbau) see ubao. 1. murmuring, whispering. ubabaiko sing. ^ubani* sing, customary fee (e.g., that paid ubaini, ubayana sing, proof, evi- 2. incoherent/meaningless speech, stam- ubainifu*, by a father to the man who teaches his son ubavu (mbavu) 1. anat. rib, 2. (mbavu) notoriety. - umetolewa. mering. babaika. dence, certainty, Cf. a trade, a doctor's fee, etc.). side (of the body and in gen.); (mil.) The proof has been furnished. Cf. baina, flank. — wa mlima. slope of a mountain, see ubadhirifu. baini, bainifu. ubadhiri* sing. ubao, ubau (mbao) 1. board, plank, timber, mbavuni. alongside, on the side(s).

beam. 2. blackboard. Cf. bao. Cf. bavuni, kibavu. sing, dominance, exploitation. ubadhirifu*, ubadhiri sing. 1. waste, extrav- ubakuaji

agance, prodigality. 2. immoderation, Cf. bakwia. ubapa sing. 1. = bapa. 2. geogr. plain. ubavuni see bavuni. lack of restraint. Cf. badhiri, badhirifu. 3. flatness. ubale (mbale) strip, piece, slice. Cf. bale, ubawa (mbawa) 1. wing (of a bird); (wing) ubadili* sing. see ubadilifu. "mbale. ubaradhuli*, ubardhuli sing, stupidity, fool- feather. 2. rec. (us. — za ndege)

ishness, gullibility. Cf. baradhuli. wing (of an airplane). .

ubawabu 550 ubinja ubishi 551 uchachu

ubawabu* sing, position/work/wages of a ubichi sing, rawness, unripeness; (fig.) ubishi (ma- & mbishi) quarrelsomeness, ar- ubukuzi sing, gossiping, doorkeeper. Cf. bawabu. immaturity, shallowness, banality. talebearing, gumentativeness; opposition; excuse, eva- scandalmongering. Cf. bukua, mbukulia. Cf. bichi. sion; mockery, derision, (malicious) ubaya (ma-) badness, wickedness, meanness, joke. Cf. bisha. ubure* sing, uselessness, futility, folly. depravity. Cf. baya. ubikira* sing. 1. virginity, celibacy. = Cf. bure. 2. anat. hymen ( kizinda). Cf. bikira. ubivu sing. 1. ripeness (of fruit, etc .). 2. ma- ubayana* sing. see ubainifu. turity (of character, conduct). Cf. bivu. uburudisho* sing, coolness, refreshment, ubilisi* sing., rel. temptation. Cf. bilisi, rest, recreation. Cf. baridi. nbazazi* (ma-) 1. rare retail trade. 2. cheat- ibilisi. uboi* I Engl. J sing, function/activity of a ing, fraud, trickery. 3. speculation, fanya house-servant f prrand-bov. C . hsi. _ r\*e.*\ defraud; speculate have v.ild Cf. butu. money-making schemes. Cf. bazazi. humanity, human nature. Cf. binadamu. ubongo sing. 1. brain, brain substance.

2. marrow. Cf. bongo. ubuyu sing, the kernel or the powdered pith ubeberu sing, dictatorship, imperialism. ubinafsi* sing, personality, ibada ya — of the baobab nut. Cf. buyu, mbuyu. Cf. beberu. pol. personality cult. Cf. binafsi. ubono (mbono) seed of the castor-oil plant.

Cf. ^mbono. ubwabwa sing. 1. thin rice gruel. 2. coll. ubeja* sing. 1. smartness, elegance (of ubinda*, uwinda L?J (ma-) ubinda (type of cooked rice (in gen,). Indian traders, but not clothing). 2. athletic build (of a man). loincloth worn by ubora* sing, excellence, superiority; (high) Cf. mbeja. by Africans), prov. ukimtaka Baniani quality, merit, advantage. ubwana sing. 1. mastership, position urn lake na — wake. If you like something Cf. bora. (rights, etc.) of a master. 2. lordliness, ubele sing. see umbele. you must take it in its entirety (even if arrogance, overbearing/domineering ways. some part does not please you). ubovu sing, rottenness, putrefaction; (fig.) un- healthiness, weakness; badness, corruption. Cf. bwana. ubeleko (— ) see mbeleko. Cf. bovu. ubingwa sing, skill, proficiency, capability, ubwete sing, idleness, laziness, indolence. ubembe sing. see ubembelezi. expertness; qualification. Cf. bingwa. ubozi* sing, idleness, laziness, indolence; ucha stupidity, folly. Cf. bozi. sing. see uchaji. ubembelezi, ubembe sing. 1. frivolity, flighti- *ubini* sing, forgery, counterfeiting. ness. 2. allurement, coaxing. 3. prostitu- Cf. bini. uchache sing. 1. slightness, scantiness, ubua (— ) see bua. tion. Cf. bemba. meagerness. 2. want, lack, deficiency, tunajua kuwa ^ubini* (— ) family name, scarcity, shortage. — akili. lack of ububu sing, dumbness, muteness. bubu. wa ubepari* \_Ind.J sing, bourgeoisie, capital- Cf. Ali lakini — wake hatuujui. We anaitwa intelligence, , rashness, prov. ism. bepari, kibepari. Cf. that his (given) name is Ali, but we know — are ubuge sing, greed(iness), gluttony, ana wetu si wingi wao. Our lacks not do not know his family name. Cf. bin. = your greatness ( you are no better than mambo ya — . He has nothing but food on his ubeti* (beti) 1. verse, strophe. 2. section, we are). chache. mind. Cf. bugia, mbuge. Cf. paragraph. ^beti. Cf. ubinja, uwinja (mbinja, winja) whistle, whistling. kibinja. Cf. sourness, sour/sharp taste. ubugu (mbugu) the stem of any uchachu sing, ubiashara* sing. see biashara. creeping plant ''chacha, chachu. (used as cord or for plaiting). Cf. uchafu 552 uchengelele uche 553

uchafu sing. 1. dirt(iness), uncleanliness. uchangamfu sing, good-humor, liveliness, ucheo, ucheu, uchoo sing, plot of land, field uchochezi sing, provocation, agitation; 2. nastiness, gaiety, exuberance, indecency, obscenity. exhilaration. Cf. cha- (prepared for cultivation). revolt, sedition, mutiny. Cf. chocha. 3. baseness, vileness. Cf. *chafu, chafua. ngamka, changamfu.

uchepechepe sing, moisture, dampness. uchochoro (ma-) see kichochoro. uchafuko sing, disorder(liness), confusion, uchanganuo sing, analysis. *changa. Cf. ardhi ya hapa ni ya — na nzuri kwa miwa mess. Cf. chafua, mchafuko. tu. The soil is good only for sugarcane uchokezi sing. see uchovu. = uchango (— ) 1. uchengelele. because it contains very much moisture. uchafuzi sing, confusion, disorder; (pol.) di- 2. = ^mchango. Cf. chepechepe. uchokozi (ma-) teasing, nagging, annoyance; version, sabotage, Cf. chafua. obtrusiveness, insolence, impudence. uchao, uche, ucheachea sing., rare dawn, ucheshi. uchekeshi. iichpkpehajj "in", "sietv. rr _u-i--- uchaga, uchaia (— ) see kichaga. daybreak. Cf. ^cha. exuberance; humor, wit. Cf. ^cheka,

*cheshi. uchomaji sing. {us. — wa moto) arson, in- uchago (chago) see Ichago. uchapaji* sing. 1. printing business,. typo- cendiarism. Cf. ^ehoma. graphy. 2. edition, printing. Cf. *chapa. ucheu sing. see ucheo. uchaguo sing. see uchaguzi. uchomozi sing., rare rising, (sudden) appear- uchapishaji* sing, publication. Cf. ^chapa. uchezaji sing, playing, playing/fooling ance (of sun, moon). Cf. *choma. uchaguzi, uchaguo sing. 1. selectiveness, around, mwalimu akiingia darasani watoto discrimination; choice, selection. 2, pol. uchavushi sing., hot. pollination. wasifanye — . When the teacher enters the uchongelezi sing., see uchongezi. election, voting. — wa nafsi (unaibu). di- classroom, the children are supposed to rect (indirect) election. — mkuu. general uchawi sing, witchcraft, sorcery, magic. stop fooling around. Cf. cheza. uchongezi, uchongelezi, uchongezo sing. elections. Cf. mchawi. Cf. chagua. slander, defamation, backbiting, insinua-

tion, talebearing, informing. chonga. uchi sing. 1. nakedness, nudity, yu — . He Cf. uchaji, ucha sing, fear, awe, reverence, re- uche sing., rare see uchao. is naked, enda — wa nyama. go stark spect. Cf. 2cna> naked. 2. coll. genitals. uchongezo sing. see uchongezi. ucheachea, uteatea sing. 1. = uchao. uchakacho sing, rustling, crackling, crunch- 2. brightening, clearing up (of the uchifu* \_Engl. J sing, position (function, uchongo sing., med. condition of being one- cha. • ing (sound). Cf. chakacha. weather). Cf. activities, etc.) of a chief/leader, leader- eyed. Cf. ^chongo.

ship, direction, management. chifu. fewness, small number. Cf. uchalc see kichaga. uchechefu sing. 1. uchoo sing. see ucheo. 2. rare ~ uchache. uchimbaji sing, mining, output, production uchale sing, cut, incision, slash, scratching, . sketching, drawing. (of ore, coal). Cf. chimba. uchoraji sing, uchekeshi, uchekeshaji sing. see ucheshi. scoring, chanja — . make incisions in the Cf. Ichora.

skin, tattoo., undugu wa — . blood brother- uchimvi, utimvi, utimbi sing. 1. intrigue, uchelewaji sing, lateness, tardiness, delay. hood. Cf. *chale. uchovu {rare uchokezi) sing. 1. weariness, machinations, plotting. 2. bad luck. 3c ha. Cf. fatigue, exhaustion. — wa mwili. state of Cf. chimba, chimvi, mchintbi. exhaustion. 2. boredom, ennui, tedium, ^uchanga sing, grain of sand. mchanga,, Cf. uchengelele, ujengelele, uchango sing., ana — . It is boring for him. Cf. Ichoka. uchipuko sing, sprout, shoot. Cf. chipua. anat. small intestines; (fig., vulg.) penis.

9 i . . . . ^uchanga sing, unripeness; immaturity, in-

fancy. Cf. ^changa. .

uchoyo 554 udakaji 555 udaktari udhi

uchoyo sing. 1. greed(iness), avarice, covet- uchumo sing. see uchumi 1. udaktari* [Engl. J sing. 1. (profession, art, udhahiri* sing. see ousness. 2. rare haste, hurry. Cf. choyo. udhahirifu. fees, etc. of) medicine. 2. doctor's degree. uchungaji sing, herding, tending, pasturing. daktari. Cf. udhahirifu*, udhihirifu, udhahiri sing. 1. uchu sing. 1. longing, craving, ana — sana wa Cf. chunga. mani- festation, demonstration. nyama. He has a great craving for meat. 2. 2. plainness, ob- udaku sing. 1. objection, protest; retort, re- viousness, clarity, certainty. 3. vulg. passion, (sexual) desire. uchungu, ulungu (ma-) 1. bitterness, bitter taste. testimony, joinder. 2. gossip(ping), rumor(-spreading). evidence. Cf. dhahiri, dhihiri. 2. fig. vexation, annoyance, resentment. 3. 1 Cf. iaka. uchujo sing, filtering, straining. Cf. chuja. pain, anguish, prof. — wa mwana aujuaye udhaifu* sing. 1. weakness, mzazi. Only one who has borne a child knows feebleness, infir- udakuzi sing, rumor-spreading, mity. 2. weakness of character, meanness, uchuki sing, uchuki (small-grained rice). how painful it is, — wa kuzaa. labor-pains. talebearing. z uascucsa. 3. insignificance, paltriness. 4. dejection, homesickness. Cf. chungu. Cf. dhaifu. uchukivu, uchukizo sing, aversion, repugnance, udalali* sing. 1. (business, fees, etc. of) loathing, disgust. Cf. chuki, chukia. uchunguzi sing, curiosity, inquisitiveness. auctioneering, 2. (salesman's) fee, commis- udhalifu* sing. see udhalilifu. Cf. ^chunga. sion. Cf. dalali. uchukizo sing. see uchukivu. udhalilifu*, udhalifu, udhilifu sing, humiliation, uchuro sing. 1. bad luck, ill omen. 2. incite- udamisi* sing, gaiety, joviality, sociability; abasement; abjectness, submissiveness. Cf. uchukuti (chukuti), ujukuti, unjukuti (njukuti) ment, provocation. Cf. chira, churo. fun. Cf. damisi. dhili. 1. central vein or stem of the coconut-palm

leaf 2. fig. spoke (of a bicycle wheel). uchuruzi sing. see uchuuzi. udanganyifu sing, deceitfulness, trickery, udhalimu* sing. 1. wrong, injustice. 2. oppres-

fraud, imposture; treachery. Cf. danganya, sion, tyranny. 3. aggression. Cf. dhalimu. uchukuzi sing, (means, system, cost, etc. of) uchusichusi, utusitusi sing, cloudiness, dark- danganyifu. transport, transportation, porterage. Cf. ness. udhamini* sing, guarantee, surety, pledge; chukua. udekuaji sing, sureness of aim, expertness sponsorship, tutelage, trusteeship. uchuuzi {rare uchuruzi) sing, business (status, (in Cf. shooting or throwing). Cf. dekua. dhamini, dhamana. uchumaji sing, gathering, picking (of fruit). earnings, etc.) of a small shopkeeper or a dealer second-hand goods. ^chuuza. Cf. ^chuma. in Cf. udelele, udende sing, saliva, slaver, mtoto udhani*, udhanifu sing, guess, suspicion, akitokwa na — mdomoni mama lazima amfute. supposition, uchumba sing. 1. relationship of lovers, Udachi* \_Germ. J sing., arch. assumption; opinion, view, o If saliva flows from a child's mouth, the = Cf. dhana, dhani. wooing, courtship. 2. a gift given by a ( Ujeremani). Cf. Dachi. mother must clean it up. suitor to a girl's father. Cf. chumba, udadisi sing, curiosity, inquisitiveness; z mchumba. udhani* sing., rare see uzani. indiscretion. Cf. dadisi. udende sing. see udelele.

earnings, in- uchumi sing, {also uchumo) 1. udhanifu* sing. see ^udhani. (ndago) udago (kind of reed, Cyperus udereva* [Engl. J sing, (activity of, competence come; gain, profit, proceeds, tega -. invest udago in) driving (a motor vehicle), leseni ya — 2. occupation, employment. 3. (rec.) rotundus). (money). udhi* 1. hurt, offend. 2. annoy, vex, disturb, driver's license. Cf. dereva. industry, economy, -a -. commerce, worry. 3. tire, bore, appl. udhia. intr. udakaji sing, seizing, grasping, snatching. economic, tatizo la -. economic crisis. udhika. be annoyed/disturbed/worried. udevu 1. 2 Cf' ****. (ndevu; also madevu) hair on the face/ Cf. chuma. caus. udhisha. Cf. *udhia, maudhiko. of the beard. 2. fig. feeler, antenna (of an

insect). Cf. kidevu. .

ueleano 557 udhi 556 uele ufanisi

ueleano sing, explanation, clarification. Cf. ufadhili* sing. 1. kindness, kindheartedness. *udhia*, udhiko sing. 1. annoyance, difficulty, udobi* Und. J sing, occupation (pay, etc.) of a elea. 2. affection, partiality, good-will, favor. 3. trouble, worry. 2. disorder, confusion, up- laundryman. Cf. dobi. privilege. 4. obligation. Cf. fadhili. roar. Cf. udhi. uelekeo, welekeo (ma-) direction. - wa mazu- udodi (dodi) see dodi. nguko. direction of rotation. Cf. elea, ele- ufafanusi sing. see ufafanuzi. Aidhia* appl. of udhi. kea. udogo sing. 1. smallness. 2. insignificance. ufafanuzi, ufafanusi (ma-) 1. explanation, 3. childhood, youth. Cf. dogo. udhibiti* sing, control. Cf. dhibiti. uelekevu, welekevu, wekevu, uwekevu sing. interpretation. 2. announcement, revelation. (power of) comprehension, intelligence, 6. certainty, definiteness. Cf. fafanua. udohudohn, udohodoho 1. sing., rare cheapness, udhihirifu* sing. see udhahirifu. ingenuity, aptitude. Cf. elea, elekea. insignificance. 2. adv. cheaply, sparingly, uiagio (-) 1. (small) broom (made of twigs, etc.). economically, nunua — . buy economically. udhiki* sing. 1. narrowness, lack of space, uelekezo sing, instruction, direction, (large) guidance. 2. brush, scrub brush. Cf. fagia. cramped quarters. 2. straitened circum- Cf. elea, elekea. udole (ndole) 1. rare ~ kidole. 2. rare finger- stances, want, distress. Cf. dhiki. ufahami sing. see ufahamivu. nail, toenail; claw (of an animal) (- ukucha). uelezaji sing, explanation, elucidation. Cf. 3. slender/fragile person. udhiko* sing. see udhia. elea. ufahamikiano* sing., rare mutual understanding.

Cf. fahamu. udongo sing. 1. (plowed) earth. 2. soil, clay; udhilifu* sing. see udhalilifu. uendeleo (ma-) see endeleo. potter's clay (— wa kinamo). ponda — . ram/ ufahamivu*, ufahamu, ufahami sing. 1. under- tamp clay. — (or dongo) Ulaya. cement. sing., Isl. (condition of) ritual purity. uendelezo, wendelezo sing. udhu* 1. continuation. standing, intelligence. 2. memory. 3. per- /orderly life. 2. spelling. kaa kwa — . live a respectable Cf. enda. spicacity, penetration, quick-wittedness. udresa* LEngl. J sm^. work (pay, etc.) of an Cf. fahamu. orderly /nurse's aid. Cf. dresa. udhuru* sing. 1. excuse, pretext, toa/jipa — uendeshaji sing. 1. guiding, steering, piloting.

excuse oneself, make an excuse. 2. reason, — wa ndege. the piloting of an airplane. 2. ufahamu* sing. see ufahamivu. udufu* sing. 1. inferior quality, worthlessness. cause, bila — . groundless, without reason/ rare growth, increase; advance, prosperity, 2. insipidity, tastelessness; foolishness. Cf. cause. 3. v., rare make excuses. success. 3. recent secretariat. Cf. enda. ufalme (falme) 1. chieftainship; kingship, dufu. royalty; kingdom. 2. rule, dominion. Cf. uenyekiti* sing. see uenyikiti. mfalme. ludi* ) (— aloe wood. udugu, undugu sing, kinship, brotherhood;

friendship, fanya — . form a friendship. Cf. uenyemali* sing., rare property, fortune. Cf. ufananaji, ufanani sing., rare 1. similarity, 2udi* (— ) udi (a musical instrument similar to ndugu. enye, mali. resemblance, analogy. 2. comparison. Cf. a banjo). faa, fanana. udui (ndui) pustule (of small pox); (pi.) small- uenyikiti*, uenyekiti sing, chairmanship, udibaji* sing. 1. decoration, ornament(ation). pox. presidency. Cf. mwenyekiti. ufanani sing., rare see ufananaji. 2. (mere) form (as opp. to substance), show,

ostentation. 3. elegance, refinement. Cf. udusi sing. see ujusi. ufa (nyufa) opening, tear, split, crack, break. ufanikivu*, ufanisi sing., rare well-being, dibaji. tia — tear, split, . crack, burst, ziba — . fill prosperity. Cf. fanaka, fanikia. uduvi (nduvi, — ) shrimp, prawn. in a crack. udikteta* [.Engl.l sing, dictatorship. (= ube- ufanisi sing., rare see ufanikivu. illness, beru.) Cf. dikteta. uele, uwele (maele) [dial, ndwele, — )

sickness. Cf. mwele. ufanyaji 558 ufu ufus 559 ufungu2

ufanyaji sing. 1. execution, realization. — ufifi, ufifilizi sing, playing deaf, feigning ufuaji sing. 1. business (method, cost, etc.) ufukwe sing. see ufuko. kazi wa pamoja, 2. comm. collectivization. absentmindedness (or incomprehension). Cf. of washing clothes; (rare) washing, laundry. Cf. faa, fanya. fifia. 2. trade (skills, wages, etc.) of a smith. — ufukweni sing. loc. of ufuko. wa fedha (dhahabu). goldsmith's (silver- Ufaransa* sing. France. Cf. Faransa, Ki- ufifilizi sing. see ufifi. smith's) work. Cf. fua. ufumbi (ma-) rare hollow, depression, valley. faransa, Mfaransa. = ( bonde.) ufilisi sing., rare bankruptcy, insolvency. ufuasi sing. 1. accompaniment, escort. 2. ufarisi* sing, capability, competence, expert- (- muflisi.) Cf. filisi. condition of a follower/retainer/adherent/ ufumbulio sing., rare see ufumbuzi. ness; experience. Cf. farisi. disciple. 3. imitation. Cf. fuata. ufingirishaji sing, (act, business of) rolling. uflimhlio .tin*. XPf nfiimKi'Z!. ufasaha*, ufasihi sine. 1. eloauence. facility. ufuataji sing, (act of) following, complying. 2. clarity (of pronunciation); lucidity, purity fingirika. — wa vitabu tu. pedantry, dogmatism. Cf. ufumbuzi, ufumbuo, ufumbulio sing, unfolding, (of style). 3. elegance, good taste. Cf. fuata. clearing up, solution. — wa kitendawili. fasaha. ufinyangi sing. see ufinyanzi. solving of a puzzle. Cf. fumba. ufuatano (fuatano & ma-) 1. succession, ufasihi* sing. see ufasaha. ufinyanzi, ufinyangi sing, work (methods, sequence. 2. file, line people ). (of Cf. ufumwale sing, fiber (of the raffia palm). wages, etc.) of a potter. Cf. finyanga, fuata. ufasiki* sing. 1. immorality, vice, debauchery. mfinyanzi. ufundi sing. 1. position (status, quality, etc.) 2. fornication, adultery. Cf. fasiki. ufufuko, ufufuo sing. 1. renewal, restoration, of a master of a craft /trade /art. 2. craft, ufinzi sing., rare see ufizi. revival. 2. rel. resurrection (Isl. or Christ.; skill, dexterity, proficiency, qualification, ufatani* sing. see ufitina. - Isl. kiyama^. Cf. fufua. pata — . as a craftsman. 3. rec. ufisadi* sing, vice, corruption. Cf. fisadi. technology. Cf. funda. ufaulu* sing, success. Cf. faulu. ufufuo sing. see ufufuko. ufitina*, ufatani sing, quarrel(ing), discord, ufunga (funga) (stone) seat, bench (in front of ufedhuli* sing. see ufidhuli. dissension; agitation, intrigue; rebellion, ufugaji sing, breeding, rearing, taming (of a house, for receiving guests). revolt. Cf. fitina. animals). Cf. fuga. ufefe* sing., rare weakness, worthlessness. ufungu sing. 1. connection, relationship. 2. Cf. kifefe. ufito (fito) 1. stick, rod, bar, lath. — wa chuma. ufukara* sing, poverty, distress, misery; collec. relations, relatives, hawa wako — iron rod/bar. — wa kutembelea. walking begging. Cf. fakiri. (fungu) gani? What connection (relationship) ufidali* \JEngl. J sing., comm. feudalism. stick. 2. ufito (a present given by a father do they have with each other? to the teacher when a boy enters school). ufukizo, uvukizo sing, burning of incense, ufidhuli*, ufedhuli sing, insolence, impudence, fumigation; fragrance of burning incense. ufunguaji sing, opening. — wa maonyesho presumption, arrogance. Cf. fidhuli. ufizi, ufinzi (fizi) anat. gum (of the teeth). Cf. ^uka. (mkutano). the opening of an exhibition (= sine.) (meeting). Cf. funga. ufidio*, ufidiwa sing., rare ransom, redemption; ufuko, ufukwe, ufuo sing. (us. loc. ufukoni, deliverance, salvation. Cf. fidi. ufo (— ) see ufu. ufukweni) beach, shore. ufunguo, ufunguzi (funguo, funguzi) key, Cf. funga. ufidiwa* sing. see ufidio. ufu, ufo (nyufu) rare 1. death (= mauti). 2. fig. ufukuto, uvukuto sing, exhalation, effluvia, = deadness, numbness ( ganzi). Cf. fa. vapor; smell of perspiration. Cf. fuka. ufunguzi (funguzi) see ufunguo. . .

ugawaj 561 ufun 560 ugomba

ufunuo sing, revealing, revelation. — wa Mta- ugawaji, ugawanyaji (rare ugawa) sing. ugeuzi, ugeuzaji.ugeuzo, ugeko, ugeufu (geuzi, *uga (nyuga) 1. open place (in front of or around katifu Joane. the Apocalypse/Revelation of dividing up, division; distribution, issue. — mageuzi) change, alteration, transformation, a house), yard; square, field. 2. threshing- St. John. Cf. funua. huu wa fedha haukuwa wa haki. The division modification. Cf. geua. floor. — wa ngoma. dancing-place.

of the money was unfair, benki ya — . bank

of issue. gawa. ugeuzo sing. see ugeuzi. *ufuo sing., eth. ufuo (a hole dug underneath Cf. 2uga bellow (of bulls). a bier to drain off the water when the corpse ugawanyaji sing. 1. - ugawaji. 2. part, share. ughaibu* sing, state of being absent/missing/ is washed). ugaga, ugwagwa sing, tartar (on the teeth). Cf. gawa. unobtainable, absence, remoteness. Cf. (= igaga.) ghaibu. Aifuo sing. 1. = ufuko. 2. source, origin, uge, ugea sing, fat/grease adhering to a Dot ugaidi''' sing. 1. underhanded/nefarious or pan. ughoshi*, ughushi sing, adulteration. — wa thievery. practices, 2. rec. guerrilla activity/ tembo kwa maji. adulteration of wine with ufupa sing. 1. osseous/cartilaginous state. warfare. gaidi. Cf. ugea sing. see uge water. Cf. ghoshi. 2.: - mwororo. gristle, cartilage. Cf. mfupa.

ugale sing, (also gale, ma-) the soft, white ugege sing, having one's teeth set on edge ughushi* sing. see ughoshi. ufupi sing, shortness, brevity, terseness, part a tree-trunk. of (from eating something sour). See also compactness. Cf. fupi. ukakasi. ugimbi (ngimbi) (also gimbi, — ) intoxicating

ugali sing, porridge, paste, pap. — wa mahindi beverage, beer. ufupisho sing, shortening, abbreviation; (mtama). corn (millet) porridge, songa — ugelegele sing. see kigelegele. summary, extract, re'sume. Cf. fupi, fupika. prepare porridge. Ugiriki* L£ngLjsing. Greece. Cf. Kigiriki,

ugema, ugemi sing, (act, method, etc. of) Mgiriki. ufurahi* sing., rare joy, pleasure, delight. Cf. ugandamano sing, (process of) coagulation. Cf. tapping palms, preparation of palm wine. Cf. furaha, furahi. ganda. gema. ugo (nyugo) enclosure, fenced-in area; fence. 2 Cf. ua. ufurufuru sing, anger, fury. fura. ugandisho sing, quality causing coagulation. Cf. ugemi sing. see ugema. ganda. Cf. ugoe, goe, goya sing, (act of) hooking a foot ufusho sing. see mafusho. ugemo sing ugemo (a short knife used for around an opponent's leg (in wrestling), ugando sing. see mgando. making incisions in the bark of palm trees in tripping someone up. Cf. ngoeka. ufusio sing, (concrete) foundation a house). (of order to drain off the sap for making wine). 1 Cf. fnsa. uganga [rare uganguzi) sing. 1. (profession, Cf. gema. ugoigoi sing, inactivity, indolence. Cf. goigoi. fees etc. of) medicine, doctoring, healing,

ufuta (— ) 1. sesame. 2. roselle. curing. 2. medicine, medicament, remedy, ugeni sing. 1. strangeness, foreignness. 2. ugolo, ugoro sing, snuff, chewing tobacco. 3. arch, charm, magic potion. ganga. Cf. foreign country, safiri ugenini. travel to a ufuu sing., rare hard inner shell of a coconut foreign country. Cf. geni. ugomaji (rare ugomeaji) sing, strike, boycott. = nyama ya nazi). Cf. fuu, kifuu. uganguzi sing., rare see uganga. ( amua ya kuwa kuweko — wa kazi. call a

ugeufu sing. see ugeuzi. strike. Cf. *goma. ufyekwaji sing, elimination. Cf. fyeka. ugavu (ngavu) net (for fishing or trapping

animals). Cf. wavu. ugeuko sing. see ugeuzi. ugomba (ma-) fiber of the banana plant. Cf. ufyozi sing, insolence, impudence. Cf. fyoa, l^omba, mgomba, ugomba. fyozi. ugawa sing. see ugawaji. ugeuzaji sing. see ugeuzi. ugombo 562 uhaii uhakikisho 563 Uhindi

ugombo (— ) ugombo (a musical instrument re- limb, etc.). niauguza mguu wangu. I favor my uhakikisho* sing, sembling a banjo). confirmation, corroboration; uhasama*, injured leg. Cf. mauguzi, mwuguzi, uuguzi. uhusuma sing, (also hasama) quarrel, guarantee, security. Cf. hakiki. dispute; dissension, ill-will, enmity, hostility, ugombozi (dial. = ukombozi) sing, liberation. ugumu sing. 1. hardness, firmness, solidity. antagonism, antipathy, deni hili limeleta - uhali sing. see hali. Cf. gomboa. 2. fig. severity; stubbornness; steadfastness, baina ya rafiki wawili. These debts have caused resoluteness; hard-heartedness, heartlessness. bad feeling between the two friends. uhalifu* (— , ma-) 1. transgression, contraven- ugomeaji sing. see ugomaji. Cf. gumu. Cf. hasimu, husuma, husumu. tion, violation, fault, offense. 2. disobedi-

ence. 3. rare rebellion, revolution. ugomvi ugundi sing, (a Cf. (gomvi, ma-) 1. quarrel, dispute. 2. ugundi powder prepared from the uhasi* ihalifu. sing, castration, condition of being a quarrelsomeness; grumbling, faultfinding. stem of the coconut leaf and used to treat gelding/eunuch. Cf. hasi, hasua. 3. a quarreisome/argumentative person. Cf. uhamaji, uhamiaji sing. 1. (regular) migration ^gomba, Ugomvi. (e.g,, of birds). 2. emigration, immigration. ^uhasi s "i{. see uasi. uguzi sing., dial, purchase, sale, barter. Cf. hama, hamaji. ugoni, ugono sing. 1. sexual intercourse. 2. uhasidi*, uhusuda sing, envy, spite, extramarital relations, adultery. 3. assault, ugwagwa sing. see ugaga. ill-will, uhamiaji sing. see uhamaji. hostility. Cf. hasidi, husnda. rape, shikwa — . be caught with another

man's wife, be accused of adultery, fedha ya ugwe (ngwe, nyugwe) string, twine, cord; fish- uhamisho sing. 1. move, removal, resettlement. uhawara* sing. 1. debauchery, fornication, — . fine imposed for adultery, Cf. gona. ing line; strap. Cf. kigwe. 2. ejection, eviction. 3. transfer, amepata prostitution. 2. cohabitation (of unmarried - kwenda ofisi nyingine. has persons), hawakuoana wanakaa ugonjwa (rare gonjwa) (ma-) illness, sickness, uhaba* sing, fewness, scantiness; inadequacy, He been trans- pamoja kwa ferred to a different office. - tu. They are not married, they disease, malady, complaint. — wa ukoraa. deficiency; poor quality, paltriness, insignif- Cf. hama. only live together. Cf. hawara. leprosy. — wa baridi yabisi. rheumatism. — icance. Cf. Ifiaba. uharabu* see wa ndui. smallpox. — wa puma, asthma. — uharibifu. uhawilishaji* (ma-) jur. conveyance. Cf. wa malale/usingizi). sleeping sickness. Cf. Uhabeshi* sing. Abyssinia. Cf. Mhabeshi. uharamia* hawili, hawala. gonjwa. sing, robbery, brigandage, piracy. Cf. haramu, haramia. uhafifu* sing. 1. = uhaba. 2. trash, junk, rubbish; uhayawani* sing. 1. stupidity, ugono sing. see ugoni. poor quality; worthlessness, insignificance. ignorance. 2. dullness, uharamu* sing. 1. unlawfulness, illegality. 2. brutishness. Cf. hayawani. 3. old/unsaleable merchandise, drug on the violation of religious precepts. Cf. haramu. ugoro sing. see ugolo. market. Cf. hafifu. uhenga sing., arch, (history of) ancient times, antiquity. uharara* sing. 1. heat, warmth. ugoya sing., arch. see unyoya. uhai* sing, life, existence, anakumbuka — 2. fig. passion,

vehemence; temperament. 3. fig. ardor, zeal, wake. He is reviewing his life(-history). Cf. diligence. harara. uheri* sing, good fortune, happiness. ugozi sing, algae, green scum (on stagnant hai. Cf. Cf. heri.

water). uhiana* uharibifu*, uharabu sing. sing, meanness, baseness; faithless- uhaini* sing, deceit, treachery, perfidy, dis- 1. destruction, dev- ness, disloyalty, astation, vandalism. 2. plundering, pillage. treachery, malice, cunning. ugua fall ill, be in pain, feel sick. appl. loyalty, fanya — . commit (an act of) treach- 3. damage, loss. 4. wastefulness, Cf. hiana. ugulia. pass, uguliwa. ninauguliwa. I am ery. Cf. haini. prodigal- ity, extravagance. not feeling well. intr. uguka. be sick. caus. Cf. harabu, haribu, hari- 1 bifu. Uhindi* sing. India. Cf. Hindi, Mhindi, uguza. 1. allow to become ill. 2. tend the uhaji*, uhaja sing, need, necessity. Cf. haja. Kihindi. sick, nurse; be careful of, favor (an injured . .

565 uhitaji 564 ujahili ujengelele

uhajili*, ujuhula sing. 1. heartlessness, ujamii sing. see ujamaa. uhitaji* (hitaji, ma-) (us. pi.) 1. need, want, uhusuda* sing. see uhasidi. mercilessness, cruelty. 2. violence, crime desire, necessity, alinanua mahitaji ya nyu- of violence. 3. ignorance, foolishness. Cf. ujamu* sing, rope (for leading an ox). Cf. mbani. He has bought what is necessary for uhusnma* sing. see uhasama. jahili. lijamu. the household. 2. poverty, indigence. Cf.

hitaji. uigaji, uigizaji sing, imitation. Cf. iga. ujaji* lEngl. J sing, position (duties, pay, ujana sing, youth; youthfulness, sprightliness, youthful appearance. Cf. mwana. uhodari* sing. 1. ability, competence, industry, uigizaji sing. see uigaji. etc.) of a judge, judgeship. Cf. jaji.

aptitude, fitness. 2. energy, vigor, endurance, ujanadume sing, manliness, courage, bravery. stability, durability. 3. courage, bravery. uimara* sing, firmness, solidity, stability, Cf. ^ujaji sing,, rare coming, arrival, Cf. ja. mwana, 'ume, hodari. durability. Cf. imara. Cf.

*ujaka sing, ujaka (kind of spinach). ujane sing, unmarried state, condition of uhondo sing. 1. feast, entertainment. 2. some- uimarisho sing. 1. strengthening, securing. one

thing extra given without charge, bonus, 2. establishment, installation. 3. determi- not yet married or of one who has lost husband Aijaka sing, ujaka (kind of mushroom), Cf. or wife: bachelorhood, spinsterhood, widow- premium. 3. rare gift, nation, fixing; decision, resolution. Cf.

imara, imarika. uyoga. hood, widowerhood. Cf. mjane. uhuni* sing. 1. vagrancy. 2. lawlessness, dis- lampwick. orderly conduct, vandalism, hooliganism, uimbo sing. see wimbo. ujali* Llnd.J sing, {also mjali, mi-) ujanja sing. 1, slyness, cunning, craftiness; = deceit, fraud, peculation, vijana wasiokuwa na kazi wakipatiwa kazi ( utambi.) amenifanyia —

He has cheated me. kwa — . with intent to Iabda na — mjini utapungua. If work were pro- Uingereza* sing. England, Great Britain. ujalifu sing. see ujalivu. vided for the unemployed young people, the Cf. Mwingereza, Kiingereza. deceive, under false pretenses. 2. strategem,

disorderly conduct in the city would probably maneuver. Cf. janja. uingiaji entry, ujalivu, ujalifu (also ujazi) sing. 1. fullness, cease. Cf. huni. sing, entrance, fedha za —

entrance fee, Cf. ingia. satiety. 2. fig. corpulence, obesity. Cf. ujari* (njari) (rare mjari, mjiari, mjarari, mi-)

'iaa. naut. tiller rope. uhunzi sing. 1. trade (skills, pay, etc.) of a

smith. 2. metalwork (engraving, chasing, uingiliaji sing, intervention. Cf. ingia.

ujamii sing. 1. (blood) relationship, ujasiri*, ujasirishaji sing, daring, bravado, etc.). Cf. mhunzi. ujamaa*, uingizaji sing, importation (of merchandise). consanguinity; kin, family; brotherhood, temerity, foolhardiness, recklessness;

(comm.) adventurism. jasiri, uhuru* sing, freedom, liberation, independence. Cf. ingia. fellowship. 2. rec. socialism. — uliodhihiri- Cf. ka. scientific socialism. — wa domo. dema- Cf. huri, huria, huni. uinjinia* \_Engl. J sing, engineering. Cf. gogic socialism. — wa mila. traditional ujasusi* sing. 1. curiosity, inquisitiveness, 2. disloyalty, breach of faith, treachery, uhusiano sing. 1. connection, relation(ship). injinia. socialism. — wa shiriki. cooperative social- — wa mataifa. international relations, ha tuna ism, Cf. jamii, jamaa. Cf. jasisi. — mzuri na Serikali yao kwa sababu wamemfu- Uislamu* sing. Islam. Cf. silimu. ujazi sing. 1. fullness,, abundance. 2. ^gener- kuza balozi wetu. We do not have good rela- ujambo, hujambo, hajambo sing, well-being, = osity, liberality. 3. ujalivu. Cf. jaa. tions with their government because they had uizi sing, stealing, theft, robbery. Cf. iba, good state of health; improvement, mgonjwa is im- our ambassador recalled. 2. correspondence. wetu hana hujambo yoyote. There no ujengaji (ma-) see ujenzi. — wa moja na moja. one-to-one correspondence. provement in the condition of our patient. uja sing., arch., liter, slavery, captivity, 3. relevancy, competence. 4. admissibility. Cf. jambo. ujengelele sing. see uchengelele. servitude, bondage, Cf. mjai Cf. huso. ujenzi 566 ujumbe ujume 567 ukaimu

ujenzi, ujengaji (ma-) 1. style of building, ujirani* sing, 1. neighbors, neighborliness. ujume*, ujumi sing. 1. (trade, methods, pay, ukabaila* sing, importance, architecture. 2. erection, construction. 3. 2. neighborhood, vicinity, environs. prominence, high Cf. etc. of) metalworking. 2. locksmith's social trade. standing. Cf. kabaila. structure, building, installation. Cf. jenga. jirani, majirani. Cf. mjume.

ukabidhu*. ukabidhi sing. 1. hoarding. (rare Ujerumani) sing. ujitahidi* sing., rare see jitihadi. 2. Ujeremani* [.Engl. J ujumi* sing. see ujume. thriftiness, economy. Cf. kabidhi. Germany. Cf. Mjeremani, Kijeremani. self-government, ujitawala* sing, autonomy. ujumla* sing. 1. large quantity, great number. ukabila* sing. 1. nationality, citizenship. Ujerumani* sing. see Ujeremani. Cf. tawala. 2. totality, kwa -. in totality, in general. 2. tribalism, racism. Cf. kabila. Cf. jumla. ujeuri* sing. see jeuri. ujiti (njiti) 1. tall, slender tree. 2.: — waki- ukadiri* sing...... nt 1_... see ukadirifn. ujusi*. udusi sing. 1. ujusi (the ritual impurity uji sing, soup, gruel, porridge. — wa mtama of a new-born child until it has been ceremo- ukadirifu*, ukadiri sing. 1. estimate, appraisal, (mchele). millet (rice) soup. ujogoo sing., rare daring, boldness, bravado. nially washed). 2, (natural) smell (of animals). evaluation. 2. calculation, computation, Cf. jogoo. 3.: fa -. die a natural death animals); settlement (of (fig. (of accounts). 3. fig. estimation, ujia (— passage(way), alley (between two ) of persons) want something very much, yearn judgment. 4. moderation, temperance. ujoli* sing., arch, solidarity, fellow-feeling (of Cf. houses). Cf. ja. for. 4. matter, pus. Cf. kijiisi. kadiri, kadirifu. slaves). Cf. mjoli. 2 ujihamu* sing, self-defense. Cf. hamu. ujuu sing, height, eminence; top, peak. ukafiri*. ukufuru Cf. sing., Is I. unbelief, infidelity; *ujomba sing, relationship between maternal sacrilege, blasphemy. Cf. kafiri, kufuru. work, mutual aid, ujima sing, communal uncles and nephews. Cf. mjomba. neighborhood cooperation (in field work, ujuvi sing, impudence, insolence, boorishness, ukafu sing. see ukavu. house-building); (comm.) collective, duka nJjomba Ujomba (the Swahili-speaking area rudeness, maneno ya -. impudent language, store. mjima. la — . cooperative Cf. fanya around Mombasa). Mjomba, Kijomba. — . be impudent/rude. % Cf. Cf. ua , juvi. ukago sing., arch, j protection (by means of 1 magic). Cf. kaga, kago. ujinamizi (ma-) see jinamizi. ujotojoto sing., rare heat, warmth. Cf. joto, ujuzi, ujuizi sing, wisdom, intelligence; science, knowledge; Imoto. experience; skill, com- ukaguzi sing, inspection, check(ing), examina- stupidity, ignorance, folly. Cf. ujinga sing, petence. — wa matumizi ya nguvu za umeme. tion. - wa skuli. school inspection. - wa jinga. boldness, courage, fearlessness. electrical engineering. 2 kitabu. ujuba* sing. 1. Cf. jua, mjuzi. examination of a book (before print- 2. rare tyranny, oppression. Cf. mjuba. ing). Cf. kagua. ujini* sing. 1. cunning, guile, wickedness. uka rare go away, depart, appl. ukia. caus. 2. diabolical art, magic, sorcery. 3. arch.. usha. ukahaba* ujuhula* sing. see ujahili. Cf. mauko. sing, prostitution. Cf. kahaba. ujinini loc. home of evil spirits. Cf. jini.

ukaa sing., rare ukaidi* ujuizi sing. see ujuzi. see ukaaji. sing, stubbornness, obstinacy; dis- ujio (ma-) (action, manner, time of) coming, obedience, recalcitrance, insubordination. arriving. Cf. ja, ujukuti (njukuti) see uchukuti. ukaaji (rare ukaa, ukao) sing, manner of living, Cf. kaidi.

way of life. Cf. *kaa. ujira* sing, pay, wages, salary, fee. kazi hii ujumbe sing. 1. delegation, deputation, peleka ukaimu* sing, position of a substitute/repre- ni bure, haina — . This work is gratis; there wako ukaango (-) 1. (large) —. send a delegation. 2. message. — cooking-pot. 2. rare sentative/deputy /agent. Cf. ^aimu, is no charge. Cf. ajiri. (action of) 1 nimeufikisha. I have received your message. frying, cooking. Cf. kaanga. makamu.

3. petition. Cf. mjumbe; also jumbe, kijumbe. ukakamavu 568 ukatazaji ukatibu 569 ukinzani

ukakamavu sing, cunning, deceit, treachery. ukanda (kanda) 1. thong, strap, belt. 2. lace ukatibu* sing, Cf. kakamavu. (of a shoe). 3. fig., geogr. zone, — wa position (duties, pay, etc.) of a uketo sing, depth; chasm, abyss. clerk/secretary. mvua. rainy/tropical zone. Cf. kitabu, katibu. ukakasi sing, {also kakasi, — ) 1. grinding/ uki sing. (dial, woki) honey. Cf. nyuki. ukatili* sing. 1. cruelty, gnashing (of the teeth). 2. - ugege. ukandamizwaji sing, suppression. Cf. kanda. bloodthirstiness. 2.

massacre, atrocity. katili. Cf. ukigo (kigo) enclosure, fence, hedge. ukakaya sing, extent, range. ukando sing. see kando.

ukavu, ukafu sing. 1. dryness. 2. fig. wit, ukili (kili) a strip of coconut-palm leaf (used humor. 3. fig.: - wa ukali sing. 1. sharpness (of a knife, etc.). 2. ukano (— ) see ^mkano. macho, impudence, for weaving mats). nonchalence. acidity, sourness, bitterness (to the taste). usiniletee - wa macho. Don't

...„ ^„ ... 3. strength, intensity. — wa jua. intense heat ukao (ma- Sc kao) 1. residence, domicile; 4,uucntiy. ^j. *Kavu, kauka. ukiha i. intend, purpose, have in view; be of the sun. 4. fig. severity, strictness, aus- housing. 2. seat, headquarters, makao intent upon, have designs on. 2. decide on, ukawa sing. terity, harshness. 5. fig. cruelty, fury; makuu ya chama hiki. headquarters of this see ukawiaji. bring about.

tyranny. 6. fig. daring, bravery. 7. fig. party. 3. rare - ukaaji. Cf. kaa.

passion, temperament. kali, makali. ukawiaji, ukawio, ukawa sing, delay, ukimwa Cf. lateness, sing, ill humor, bad temper, moodiness, postponement. 3 ukapitalisti* [Engl. J sing, capitalism. Cf. Cf. kawa. sulkiness. Cf. kimwa. ukalifu* sing. 1. = ukali. 2. tension, intensity. mkapitalisti. ukawio sing. see ukawiaji. Cf. kalifu. ukinaifu* sing. 1. satisfaction, contentment. ukarani* sing, position (duties, pay, etc.) of 2. self-satisfaction, complacency; conceit, ukaya (kaya) sing., arch, interpreting, translating. a karani. arch, ukaya (women's headdress, ukalimani* clerk/secretary. Cf. presumption, arrogance. 3. self-sufficiency, kind of turban). Cf. kalima, mkalimani. independence. Cf. kinai, kinaifu. ukarimu* sing, generosity, liberality; hospi- ukazi (ma-) residence, home. Ikaa. ukambaa* (— ) cord, rope (made of plaited strips tality; beneficence, charity. Cf. kirimu, Cf. ukind ani sing. see ukinzani.

of leaves). Cf. kamba. karimu. uke (rare uanauke) sing. 1. womanhood, ukindu sing, ukindu (fibers from the leaf of measles. (= surua.) femininity; the female sex. 2. condition the ukambi sing., med., rare ukashifu* sing, slander, defamation, libel. of wild date palm; used for weaving mats, being a wife. 3. anat. (= Cf. kashifa, kashifu. vagina vulg. kuma). etc.). Cf. kindu, mkindu. 4.: loc. ukame sing. 1. wilderness, desert. 2. barren- ukeni. (relatives on) the mother's side of the family, huyu ni jamaa kwa ukeni ukingo ness (of land). Cf. kame. ukasisi* sing., rel. priesthood. Cf. kasisi. (kingo) 1. protection, shelter; defense. kwetu. He is a relative of ours on our edge, 2. margin, border, brink. - wa mto. mother's side. Cf. ke. ukamili* sing. see ukamilifu. ukata* sing., rare privation, need, poverty. edge of a river. _ mnyofu. straightedge (= ruler). Cf. kata, mkata. 3. parapet, balustrade, rail, ukelele (-, cry, ukamili sing. 1. completeness, ma-) shout(ing), noise, up- banister. screen, ukamilifu*, 4. curtain, awning. Cf. roar. Cf. kelele. perfection. 2. fulfilment, accomplishment, ukatavu* sing., rare 1. renunciation, abandon- kinga.

consummation. 3. fig. unity. Cf. kamili. ment. 2. obstinacy, sullenness, Cf, kataa, ukemi (-) call, cry, shout. Cf. kemea. ukinzani, ukindani katavu. (-, ma-) 1. objection, pro- test, ukamio sing. 1. threatening, menacing. 2. ex- rejoinder, contradiction, opposition. 2 ukengee sing. see kengee. upande wa tortion. Cf. kama. ukatazaji* sing., rare prohibition. (= maka- -. opposition in parliament. 2.

tazo.) Cf. ^kataa, kataza. obstructiveness, obstinacy, contentiousness. ukengefu sing, deviation (from a proper course). Cf. kinza, kinzani. disloyalty, desertion, backsliding, apostasy.

Cf. kengeua. . ,

uki 570 ukombe ukombo 571 ukosekano

ukiri* sing. 1. recognition, acceptance, ukohozi (ma-) (us. makohozi) 1. coughing, ukombo (kombo) 1. rare bend, curve. ukonyezo (konyezo) {us. mkonyezo, mi-)

acknowledgment, assent, approval. 2. ad- respiratory disease. 2. phlegm, sputum. 2. ukombo (fee paid by a father to the 1. wink, sign, signal, warning. 2. hint,

mission, confession. — wa makosa. ad- Cf. kohoa. teacher upon completion of a boy's school- allusion. Cf. konyeza.

mission of errors. 3. acknowledgment of ing). Cf. komba, komboa.

receipt. Cf. *kiri. ukoja sing, bead necklace. Cf. Ikoja. ukonzo, ukonjo sing. see konzo. ukomboleo sing. see ukombozi. ukiuaji sing, transition. kiuka. Cf. ^ukoka sing, ukoka (a kind of creeping *ukoo (koo) 1. (blood) relationship, family.

grass used for fodder). ukomboo sing. see ukombozi. 2. descent, pedigree, lineage. 3. clan. ukivva sing. 1. solitude, loneliness, aban-

donment. 2. condition of an orphan/widow, ukombozi, ukomboo, ukomboleo sing, (also ^nlrnlra cine. distinrtinn. award, hnnnrarv 2 ..Un nknwn dirt filth, Mnclennli- ¥ sinfr ; bereavement. 3. fig. poverty, want, dis- kombozi, ma-) 1. rescue, deliverance. degree, yeye hakuwa daktari kweli ila ness. Cf. mkoo. tress, nchi hii imepata/imeingiliwa na — 2. redemption, ransom(ing). 3. rel. re- alivikwa kilemba cha — tu. He did not Great distress has come upon this country. demption, salvation. 4. fine. 5. recent earn his doctor's degree, it was given to ukopaji, ukopi sing. 1. credit, loan, ad- 4. fig. desolation, destruction, devasta- . money owed for a service, suti yangu him (to flatter him). vance. 2. rare deception, fraud. tion. Cf. kiwa, makiwa. imekwisha kushonwa, sasa bado — tu. My Cf. kopa. suit is finished; now I have to pay for it, ukoko sing, hard crust, (caked or burnt) de- ukivvi sing, condition of being dazzled/ Cf. komboa. o 2 posit (of foods, us. rice), amekula chaku- ukope (— ) eyelash, eyelid. Cf. kope. blinded (by strong light). Cf. kiwi. la kizuri, mimi akaniachia — tu. He has ukomeshaji sing, (act of) bringing to an end, ukopi sing. ukopaji. eaten all the good food, and left only the see ukiziwi, uziwi sing, deafness. ziwi, Cf. termination, curtailment. — wa silaha kwa (burned) residue (at the bottom of the pot) kiziwi. nchi zote. general disarmament. Cf. koma. ukorofi* sing, ill-temper, malignity, hostil- for me. Cf. kikoko. ity; roughness, coarseness; brutality, uko auxil. v. 1. you are there. — wapi? ukomo sing. 1. end, goaL, termination. tyranny. korofi, mkorofi. ukoloni* LEngl. J sing, colonialism, wa- Cf. Where are you? 2. it is there. 2. euph. death, Cf. koma. kati wa — . colonial times, period of co- ukorogefu, ukorogo sing, mixing, mixture; lonialism. — mambo leo. neo-colonialism. ukoa (-) = koa. ukomunisti* LEngl. j sing, communism. — wa mlango wa nyuma. back-door co- disorder, confusion; disturbance. Cf. kikomunisti, mkomunisti. koroga. lonialism, neo-colonialism. Cf. koioni, Cf. ukodishaji* sing, (payment of) rent, rental. mkoloni. Cf. kodi. ukonge (konge) sisal fiber. Cf. ^mkonge. ukorogo sing. see ukorogefu.

ukoma sing. med. leprosy, mwenye — ukofi, ukufi (kofi, kufi) 1. (upturned) palm of ukongojo see (kongojo) mkongojo. ukosa, ukosefu, ukosekanaji sing. see mgonjwa wa — . leper. the hand. 2. handful (i.e., the amount of ukosekano. anything that will lie on the palm of the ukongwe sing, advanced old age, feebleness, ukomba (— ) see ukombe. hand). Cf. kofi. decrepitude. *konga. Cf. ^kongwe, ukosekano, ukosekanaji, ukosefu, ukosa

sing, fault, defect; lack, want, absence; ukombe, ukomba (— ) 1. scraper (tool for ukoga sing. 1. deposit, incrustation. — wa ukonjo sing. see konzo. hollowing out mortars, dugout canoes, deficiency, deficit, shortage; failure; meno. tartar on the teeth. — wa maji. etc.). 2. rare (small) spoon. 3. rare mistake, error. Cf. kosa. water. mold, mildew, foam/scum on 2. ukono sing., hot. tendril. Cf. mkono. claw, talon. Cf. komba. blight. 3. hot. lichen. . )

ukosi 572 ukunde ukunga 573 ulabibu

ukosi (— ) L rare nape of the neck. 2. col- ukulima sing, agriculture, farming, field

lar. - wa koti (shati). coat (shirt) collar. work. Cf. lima. ukunga sing. 1. midwifery, obstetrics, ana- ukuzaji sing, (stock) raising/breeding, kosi. do- Cf. fanya kazi ya -. She is employed as a mid- mestication (of animals); cultivation ukulivu sing. see ukulifu. (of wife. 2. fee paid a midwife. 2 Cf. kunga, plants). Cf. *kua, mkuzaji. ukowo sing. see ^ykoo, ^mkunga. ukumbaji, ukumbizi sing, pushing, shoving, ukwaju (kwaju) tamarind (used in tanning). Ukristo* LPort.J sing. Christianity. jostling. Cf. *kumba. ukungu (kungu & ma-) 1. mold, mildew; fungus, chakula kina -. The food has turned Cf. Kikristo, Mkristo. lichen. damp, 2. moisture; mist, fog. sour. Cf. kwaju, mkwaju. ukumbi (kumbi) 1. front room of a house,

vestibule, hall, anteroom. 2. porch, ukuaji sing, growth. Cf. *kua. ukunguni sing, laziness, indolence, idleness. ukware sing, sensuality, lasciviousness, veranda. 3. corridor. 4. tribal initiation rr 1 _i.._.. o -,. ...1VU11 K UIU. lust. Lf. "kware, mkware. ukubali* sing, (also kabuli, kibali, ikibali) rites.

1. assent, agreement, approval, concur- ukunguru sing. see mkunguru. ukwasi sing., rare wealth, luxury, comfort. rence. — wake utatusaidia. His approval 'ukumbizi sing, sweeping up/away, removal, Cf. kwasi, mkwasi. will help us. 2. concord, harmony. elimination. Cf. kumba. ukungwi sing, the work (methods, pay, etc.) Cf. kubali. of a kungwi, 2 q.v. Cf. kunga. ukwato (kwato) see kwato. ^ukumbizi sing. see ukumbaji.

ukubwa sing. 1. size, dimensions, capacity, ukuni (kuni) piece of firewood. ukwe sing. 1. relationship through one's volume. 2. greatness, significance, im- ukumbizo sing., rare open veranda. wife, relatives of one's wife, ninakwenda portance. 3. power, authority. — wa jeshi. ukumbi. ukunjufu Cf. sing, good spirits, cheerfulness, ukweni. I am going to visit my wife's army command. 4. manhood, prime, loc. geniality, gaiety, exuberance. Cf. kunja, family. 2. (in gen.) relationship/relatives ukubwani. in one's prime. Cf. kubwa. ukumbuko sing, memory, recollection. kunjufu. by marriage, in-laws. Cf. mkwe. Cf. kumbuka.

ukucha 1. (kucha) fingernail, toenail. ukurasa* (kurasa) sheet (of paper), page/leaf ukweli sing, truth, truthfulness, frankness. 2. (ma-) claw, talon, hoof, piga — ukumbuo (— see ukumbuu. (of a book), leaflet. Cf. kweli. scratch. Cf. ^kucha, kikuchia.

ukumbusho sing, reminder, souvenir; me- ukwezi ukurugenzi sing., rare leadership, pioneering sing, work (methods, pay, etc.) of a ukufi (kufi) see ukofi. morial, monument. Cf. kumbuka. spirit. Cf. mkurugenzi, climber (= mkwezi, one who makes his living by gathering coconuts). Cf. kwea. ukufuru* sing. see ukafiri. ukumbuu, ukumbuo (— ) strip of cloth, ukuruti sing. see ukurutu. scarf, sash; bandage, sling. ulaanifu*, ulaanizi sing, cursing, damnation, ukukwi(kukwi) ukukwi (a species of harmless acha ukurutu, ukuruti sing., med. itch, rash, acne. kufanya mambo ya -. Cease doing snake). chaff, bran. ukumvi (— ) (empty) husk, things which are damnable. Cf. laana, laanifu. ukuta (kuta) stone wall. Cf. kikuta. ukulifu, ukulivu sing, lack of perseverance/ ukunde (kunde; us. pi.) (kind of) bean.

courage/grit, slackness, remissness, indol- Cf. mkunde. ukuti (kuti) single frond of a coconut-palm ulaanizi* sing. see ulaanifu. ence, carelessness, apathy, resignation. leaf {cf. kuti), palm branch. Cf. *kua, kulivu. ulabibu* sing, endurance, perseverance,

ukuu sing. 1. greatness, eminence, distinc- persistency, pertinacity, stubbornness.

tion. 2. superiority. Cf. kuu. ulafi 574 ulevi 575 ulipizi

mania, weakness, sigara ndio - wake. He ulimwengu (ma-) 1.' world, universe, ulafi sing, greed(iness), gluttony, usile kwa ulanga sing, mica, talc. Cf. ^anga, angaa. is a confirmed smoker (lit. cigarettes are ndiyo — . That is the way of the world. — . Don't eat so greedily. Cf. lapa, lafua. his mania/weakness). 3. spirits, alcohol. —a — . universal. 2. sky. 3. environ- Ulaya* sing. 1. Europe. Cf. ulayiti. Cf. lewa, levi. ment, surroundings, living conditions, ulaga dial,, arch, strike dead, kill. 2. district (= wilaya). ana — mgumu. He has a hard life. Cf. ki-

1 ulezi limwengu, malimwengu, mlimwengu. uragai. (rare ulesi) (ma-) (kind of) millet. ulaghai* sing. see ulayiti*, ulaiti sing. 1. ulayiti (unbleached pombeya-. millet beer. mlezi. cotton cloth of European manufacture). Cf. ulindi sing, ulindi (the 'female' of a pair of ulaika (ma-) see laika. 2. (in gen.) something of European manu- firesticks; cf. wimbombo, upekecho). ulezi (ma-) (us. malezi) (work, facture. Cf. Ulaya. methods, nlaini*. nl a in i fn sing. 1. softness, matunda pay, etc. of) caring for/nursing/educating uliiiganilu, ulinganyilu sing. 1. agreement, haya hayana — wa kutosha. This fruit is not (children), amewapa watoto wake malezi ule dem. pron. of the m- and u- classes conformity, harmony. 2. equilibrium, sym- soft enough. 2. fig. gentleness. Cf. laini. mazuri. He has brought his children up that. metry. Cf. linga, linganifu. well. Cf. lea. ulainifu* sing. see ulaini.

uledi* (— ) 1. naut. cabin boy. 2. pr. n. ulinganisho sing, comparison, adaptation, ulia appl. of ua. masc. accommodation. Cf. Minga. ulaiti* sing. see ulayiti.

ulili (ma-) 1. ulili (a wooden bedstead). ulingano. sing, likeness, similarity. ulaji sing. 1. (act, manner of) eating, nour- ulegeo sing. see ulegevu. 2. ethn. ulili (a shrine where offerings are - Cf. *linga. ishment, sustenance, food and drink. 2. made to spirits). l ulafi. Cf. \a. ulegevu, ulegeo sing. 1. exhaustion, slack- ulinganyifu sing. see ulinganifu. ness, limpness, weakness, enervation, ulimaji sing, (work, methods, pay, etc. of) sup- ulalamishi, ulalamizi sing. 1. appeal, msipofanya — kazi yetu tutaimaliza mape- cultivation, agriculture. Cf. lima. ulingo (lingo & ma-) platform (for the watch- groaning, moaning. plication, plea. 2. ma. If you don't go limp we'll finish our man guarding a field), amelala juu ya — Cf. lalama. work ahead of time. 2. laziness, careless- ulimbo, urimbo sing, ulimbo (the sticky sap apate kulinda mihogo yake. He slept on ness, inattentiveness. Cf. lega, legevu. of various plants used as birdlime or glue), the platform in order to guard his manioc ulalamizi sing. see ulalamishi. prof.: Penye urembo udipo penye urimbo. plants. Cf. kilingo. Where there is beauty there is also a trap. uleoleo sing, state of half-consciousness. ulalo (ma-) 1. rare (place, manner, etc. of) Cf. lewa. ulinzi sing. 1. guarding, watching, sur- lying down/sleeping. 2. something laid ulimbwende sing. 1. elegance, fashionable veillance. 2. supervision, control. down (e.g., a log across a stream). Cf. dress. 2. undue attention to dress. ulesi sing., rare see ulezi. 3. defense. Chama eha— cha UNO. lala. Security Council of the UN. Cf. linda. ulimi (ndimi) anat. tongue, ana — mzito. delivery, supply. leta. ulamali* sing. see uramali. uletaji sing, Cf. He lisps/does not pronounce clearly, mtoto ulio (— ) rare dish, platter. Cf. Ma. ana — mzito. The child is having trouble

ulambilambi, urambirambi sing, ulambilambi ulevi sing, (also malevi pi.) 1. drunken- learning to talk, kama — na mate. They ulipizi (ma-) (us. malipizi) 1. enforced (early stage in the growth of the coconut, ness, intoxication, dipsomania. 2. (in gen.) are inseparable (friends) (lit. like tongue payment, exaction, extortion. 2. repay- when the meat is still quite soft; also the and saliva). Cf. limi, kilimi, mlimi. ment; (fig.) retaliation, revenge. Cf. lipa. meat itself at this stage). Cf. lamba, la-

mbilambi. ulisha 576 577 umbo

ulishaji sing, causing to eat, feeding. — wa umana. hurt each other, prof, meno ya umana ass. ^uma. viapo. administering of an oath. Cf. Ma. mbwa hayaumani. A dog's teeth do not of umba form, shape, make, (rel.) create.

bite each other, caus. umiza. injure, - vyungu. form/make clay pots. appl. 2umana umbia. intr. ulitima*, ultima, uritima LPort. A sing. 1. rare cause pain. 4. (uma, nyuma, mauma) 1. close, fit together (of doors, win- umbika & pass, umbwa. ameumbika/ameumbwa unemployment, inactivity. 2. poverty, dis- pointed implement (awl, punch, etc.); fork, dows, etc.). 2. form a line, queue up. vizuri. He is attrac- = watu tive in appearance/is handsome, tress. 3. cards the last trump card in the rake; (rare) sting (of an insect; msumari, wameumana toka sokoni mpaka posta. inv. umi- People umbua. 1. disfigure, deform, game of Arbastini. mwiba). Cf. kiuma, mwumizi, umivu, were lined up from the market to the distort, muti- post office. late. 2. spoil, destroy. 3. kill. 4. cor- rupt, demoralize, inv.-appl. umbuliwa. uliwali* sing, position (duties, pay, etc.) of inv. fame, renown. umande sing, mist, -intr. umbuka. inv. -ass. umbuana. a liwali, q.v. umaarufu* sing., rare fog, dew; cool/damp (of revile/inKMlt/«la n der each other. C. u-' '- Cf. arifu, maarufu. niont,Lii% ur evening). le, kiumbe, ^iumbo, maumbile, muumba, uliza ask (about), inquire, question, interro- muumbuzi. umahiri* sing. 1. skill, cleverness, deft- iumanga gate, appl. ulizia. intr. ulizika. mam bo (_) plain food (without relish). tact. mahiri. yenyewe hayauliziki. One should not ask ness. 2. Cf. Cf. *manga. umbali (rare ubali) sing, distance, remote- questions about this matter. Cf. ulizo. ness, enye - sawa. equidistant. umaji, umajimaji sing. 1. fluid/liquid Cf. Umanga* sing., rare Arabia, the Arabian mbali. state. 2. damp, moisture. 3. vapor. ulizi (ma-) crying, screaming (of a child). Peninsula. (= Uarabu.) Cf. Manga. Cf. maji. Cf. Mia. umbea sing, talebearing, scandalmongering, umaridadi* sing. see umalidadi. gossip. see umaji. Cf. mbea, mmbea. ulizo (ma-) (us. maulizo) question, inquiry, umajimaji sing.

investigation, interrogation. Cf. uliza. umasihiya* sing. Christianity. (= Ukristo.) umbcle, ubele sing. 1. the future. 2. ad- umakanika*, umekanika I Engl. J sing. Cf. masihiya. vancement, progress. = work (methods, pay, etc.) of a mechanic. 3. mbele. 4. pol. ulozi sing, magic, witchcraft. Cf. loga. front. — mkubwa wa pamoja. a broad, Cf. makanika. umasikini* sing. see umaskini. united front. _ wa kuikombowa nchi. Na- ultima* sing. see ulitima. tional Liberation Front. 5. rare forward- iUmalaya* [Engl.~] sing. Malaya. umaskini*, umasikini sing, poverty, distress, ness, presumption. Cf. mbele. uluzi, uruzi {also mluzi, mwunzi) sing. misery, ana — wa roho. He has a bad dis- whistle, whistling, piga -. to whistle. prostitution. malaya. ^umalaya* sing, Cf. position. He is unfriendly /unpleasant. ^mbia soar, glide (of birds); flare up (a fire). Cf. maskini. na mbwa. I have uma 1. bite, nimeumwa umalidadi*, umaridadi sing. 1. care, "^umbia appl. of umba. been bitten by a dog. njaa inamwuma. He dress). 2. fash- neatness, elegance (of umathubuti* sing, firmness, hardness, so- is very hungry (lit. hunger bites him). ionable clothing. 3. excessive attention lidity, stability, durability, Cf. thabiti, umbile, be painful, kidonda hiki kinaniu- umbo (ma-) (us. maumbile) 1. (nat- 2. hurt, to one's appearance, overdressing. Cf. uthabiti. sting, wa- ural, original) condition, shape, form, fig- ma. This wound hurts me. 3. malidadi. ure, dudu hawa wanauma. These insects sting. appearance, sheria ya maumbile. umati* sing. 1. large gathering, crowd, tume- hurt/sting natural law. 2. quality, property, feature. appl. umia (& pass. umwa). sing, motherhood, maternity. umama kuta — wa watu. We found a large crowd of 3. forming, fashioning. (someone), nimeumia (nimeumwa) mkono- 4. rel. creation. Cf. mama. people. 2, followers, adherents. — wa Cf. umba. ni. I have been stung on the arm. ass. Nabii Muhamadi. followers of Muhammad,

Muhammadans. umbo sing. see ibile. unenaji umbu 578

hana — wa kuendelea. He cannot live much unajimu* sing, astronomy, astrology. umbu sing., arch. (dial, dumbu) umbu (term umio (mio) anat. 1. throat, larynx. 2. rare longer. 2. time, period, siwezi kungoja Cf. mnajimu. of address used between brother and sister) esophagus, trachea. Cf. kimio, mio. mpaka — kiyama. I can't live forever.

unajisi* sing., Isl. (ritual) impurity, unclean- umbua inv. of umba. umito sing, swelling (of the feet of a preg- umua 1. take/steal away, deprive liness; desecration, defilement. najisi. nant woman). of; confis- Cf. cate. 2. cause fermentation, put yeast in umbuji* sing. 1. elegance, grace, distinction bread flour. 3. inv. of umika. intr. umuka, unanasi* \_Pers.j sing, fiber of the pine- umivu {rare umo) (ma-) (us. maumivu) pain, (us. in external appearance J. 2. good umka. 1. swell up, ferment. 2. apple plant (used as thread). Cf. mnanasi. ache, sting: torment, suffering. uma. inv.-intr. manners. Cf. mmbuji. Cf. of umika.

umiza caus. of uma. unda build, make, construct, fit together, as- 1 .J. 1 _1 . . - . 1- n r. umuka intr. of umua. semble, form. — slima. build a ship. courageous, strong. 3. /ig., of things big, umizi (ma-) (us. maumizi) harm, injury. — injini. construct a machine, prov. uki- strong, firm, solid. Cf. dume, kiume, kuume, kiona (chombo) kikielea kimeundwa. Keep Cf. uma. ^umuka inv.-intr. of umika. maume, mume, mwanamume, ndume, uume. a thing in good condition; then it will stay

good. Cf. kiunda, kiunza, kiunzi, mwunda, umka intr. of umua. umungu sing, deity, 9 divinity (of God, Allah). 'lime sing. see uume. mwundaji, mwundo, nyundo, lunula ji, uunzi. Cf. mungu, uungu. 'umo (maumo) see umivu. umekanika* sing. see umakanika. umwene sing. see umivinvi. ^unda remove honey from a beehive.

umo auxil. v. det. 1. 2nd pers. sing, you umeme sing. 1. lightning. 2. irradiation. undani sing. 1. (secret) grudge, hatred, are in (the previously mentioned...) 2. 3rd umwinyi (dial, umwene) sing. 1. office 3. electricity. Cf. memeteka. (status, ukigonibana nave habari huisha pale pale, pers. sing., m- and u- cl. he (she, it) is in duties, etc.) of a chief. 2. rec, hana — (tena). When people dispute about (the previously mentioned...) comm. feudalism. Cf. mwenye. umhali* (— ) see muhali. a matter it should be gradually settled and

not leave a grudge behind. 2. innermost umoja sing. 1. oneness, unity, union, kwa una auxil. v. 1. 2nd pers. sing, you have. umika 1, bleed (a person) by cupping, cup feelings, toa — . reveal one's innermost . vva Mataifa. United — unanimously. — 2. 3rd pers. sing., m- and u- cl. he (she, (for blood). 2. make an incision. 3. fasten feelings, azimioya— . ulterior motive. za Afrika Or- Nations. — wa nchi (UNA). it) has. a vessel below a gash in a palm tree (in or- Cf. ndani, ganization for African Unity (OAU). unda der to catch the sap), tap a palm tree. 4. put

— . form a union, prov. — ni nguvu. Union a vessel to one's lips (in order to drink); ^una (— ) una (kind of fish). undu (nyundu) cock's comb. is strength. 2. concord, harmony, agree- take a long draft/drink, appl. umikia. ment, 3. identity. 4. gramm. (jumla pembe ya kuumikia. an instrument for cup- unadhifu* sing, cleanliness, neatness, order- uncemefu* sing. see uneemevu. ya — ) singular. Cf. moja. ping (us. the horn of a goat), inv. umua. liness. Cf. nadhifu.

take off a bleeding cup. inv.-intr. umuka. uneomevu*, uncemefu sing, plenty, abun- umoto, umotomoto sing. 1. warmth, heat. Cf. muumishi, ndumiko, uumikaji. unafiki* sing, deceit, hypocrisy, dissimula- dance, profusion. Cf. neema,' neemevu. 2. fig. passion, temperament. Cf. *moto. tion. Cf. mnafiki.

umiko sing. see ndumiko. unenaji, uneni sing. 1. (power of) speech, umotomoto sing. see umoto. unaibu* sing., rare deputyship. Cf. naibu. speaking. 2. fluency, eloquence. 3. turn umilele* sing, eternity, perpetuity, perma- umri* sing. I. age (of a person), hana — nence. milele. Cf. wa kutosha. He is not yet very old. . .

580 ungua 581 unyao

*ungua ununuzi sing. of speech, speaking, 2 be burnt/baked/scorched/singed/ 1. buying, purchasing. manner of - wake ha- ungama stat. of 2 unga. hardened/damaged 2. price, offer, bid, quotation. — tukuupenda. His manner of speaking did not (by fire). _ moto. be wa

damaged by fire, ng'ombe umekatazwa. The quotation impress us. *nena. fig.; anaungua rohoni. on Cf. ^ungamo (ma-) admission, confession. It cattle has gone down. affected him very deeply (lit. scorched Cf. nunua. Cf. lungama. his unene sing, stoutness, fatness, corpulence. soul), appl. ungulia. 1. apply fire to unyaa sing. 1. something, burn, bake, fire filth, excrement. 2. fig. Cf, nene. (pottery). 2. fig. ^ungamo sing, a yellow pigment. Cf, mwu- disgust, repugnance. 2 have heartburn (from indigestion), caus. Cf. nvara| kinyaa. ngamo. unguza. burn, uneni sing. see unenaji. scorch, singe, sear. unyago sing., Cf. unguzo, kiungulia, kiunguza. ethn. unyago (ceremonies and unganisho (ma-) union, association, federa- dances marking the initiation of children l|ln Ka 1. mPfll, flour. _ wa mtarna, rnillpr tion. o/. "unga. as adult members of a tribe). Cf. kinyago, ^ungua inv. unga. flour. — wa mahindi. cornmeal. kanda — of manyago. anything ground knead dough. 2. fine or ung'aro sing., rare brightness, luster. Unguja sing. Zanzibar. Cf. Kiunguja. pulverized, powder. — wa mbao. sawdust. ng'aa. Cf. unyaji sing, evacuation (of the bowels),

urination. Cf. nya. unguza caus. of ^ungua. 2 unga 1. mix. — mchuzi. stir soup. 2. join, *ungo sing. 1. anat. hymen, vunja —

connect, fasten together. — mbao. join begin to menstruate. 2. virginity. unyakuzi sing., rare see unyang'anyi. unguzo sing., rare (act of) burning, baking, boards/planks. — mfupa. set a bone. — scorching, searing. Cf. ^ungua. mkono. support. 3. — hesabu. count/ unyama sing. 1. nature/behavior of an fig.: 2ungo, ungu (ma-) {arch, lungo; us. maungo) ani-

add up. 4. secure, consolidate, establish. mal. 2. fig. brutishness, beastliness, 1. joint. 2. member (of the body). 3. back, ungwana sing. see uungwana. siku hizi ameunga. His (financial) situation bestiality; stupidity; coarseness, brutality, backbone. 4. (maungo) (entire) body,

is secured, ass. ungana. 1. mix together. amefanya — . He behaved like a beast/was maungo yoteyanamwuma. His entire body unjukuti see uchukuti. 2. join/fit together. 3. unite, combine. brutal. 3. fig., chem. protein. Cf. mnyama. aches. Cf. ^unga. combined/united. ass.-intr. uriganika. be unong onezi sing., rare whispering, rumor. ass. -cans, unganisha. bring together, join, unyamafu sing. see unyamavu. ungo (nyungo & ma-) ungo (a flat basket Cf. nong'ona, mnong'ono. glue together; combine, stat. ungama. used for winnowing grain). stat.-ass. ungamana. be connected/cohe- unyamavu, unyamafu sing., rare quiet, sil- unono sing. 1. fatness (of animals). 2. fig. sive/coherent/interdependent, inv. ungua. ence, taciturnity. Cf. nyamaa, nyamavu. ungojaji, ungoje, ungojezi sing, position comfort, luxury. Cf. nona. separate, take apart, detach, disconnect. (duties, pay, etc.) of a watchman or guard. inv.-appl. ungulika. be separable/divis- unyang'anyi (rare unyakuzi) sing, seizure, Cf. ngoja. ununaji, ununo sing, sullenness, bad temper, 2 1 ible/detachable. ungo, kiunga, ki- plundering, robbery, brigandage, depreda- Cf. discontentment; complaining, grumbling. ungo, maungo, miungano, muungo, uunga- tion, extortion. Cf. nyang'anya. ung'ongo (ng'ongo) strip of palm leaf (used Cf. nuna. nishaji. for weaving baskets). unyanya sing, feeling of superiority, arro- ununo sing, see ununaji. gance., disdain, contempt, aloofness. lungama 1. admit, grant, concede, confess ^ungu (ma-) see ^ungo. Cf. ^nyanya. acknowledge, recog- ununu (numi) ununu (fiber the stalk (also rel.)f 2. allow, from of

ungamia. caus. ungamisha. the coconut-palm leaf). nize, appl. 2 see chungu. ungu (nyungu) unyao sing. see unyayo. cause to confess, (Tel.) hear a confession.

Cf. ungamo, mwungama, mwungamishi, *mwungamo, uungamaji. unyarafu 582 unyong onyevu 583 uombaji

{us. kinyesi) 1. ex- unyarafu sing. 1. disgust, repugnance. unyesi, unyezi (ma-) yu hali gani? is n How our ailing friend? 2. liquid, beverage. 3. rare dampness, _ cretion, elimination. 2. excrement, urine. Cf. nyara, nyarafu. 2. rare - unyanya. 2. vvorthlessness, insignificance. 3. low- moisture, humidity. Cf. nywa. Cf. nya. ness, meanness, baseness, naona — ku- unyasi (nyasi & ma-) (blade of) grass, reed, ianya jambo hili. It seems to me a mean unywele, unyele (nywele, nyele) (a single unyeti sing. 1. conceit, vanity, arrogance, straw (used thatching). Cf. nyasi. for trick to do this. Cf. nyonge, human) hair, nywele za singa. long, presumption, impudence, insolence. 2. ir- straight hair (like that of Europeans). ritability, sensitiveness. Cf. nyeta. shrivelling, wasting unyaufu sing, drying up, unyong onyevu sing. see unyogofu. nywele za kipilipili. hair in wooly tufts,

away, languishing. Cf. nyauka. 'peppercorn' hair. unyevu, unyefu sing, {also mnyefu, mi-) unyonyaji sing., fig. exploitation. Cf. nyonya, dampness, humidity, moisture, ardhi hapa nnyayn. unyao (nyayo) trace, footprint, track iinvwele n fma-1 sre UnveU ina - sana. The earth is very damp here (of an animal). Cf. wayo. unyounyo adv. see unyo. {lit. has dampness). Cf. nya. uo (nyuo) cover (of a book, etc.); envelope,

unyefu sing. see unyevu. unyoya (nyova or ma-) feather; (single wrapper; case, sheath (of a knife), scab- unyezi (ma-) see unyesi. strand of) down, (animal) hair, wool. bard. unyege sing. see nyege. unyimivu sing, stinginess, miserliness. uofisa* \_Engl. unyozi sing. 1. work (methods, pay, etc.) of J sing. see uafisa. Cf. nyima, nyimivu. unyele (nywele) see unywele. a barber, hairdresser; haircutting, shaving, uoga sing. see woga. (style of) haircut, coiffure. — wake close etc. 2. unyo, unyounyo adv. close together, in kinyeleo. unyeleo (nyeleo) see ni rnbava. He (she) does not have a good simama -. stand close together. order, uogeleaji sing, bathing, swimming. haircut (coiffure). Cf. nyoa. loga. unyeme sing, noise, uproar. Cf. unyofu sing. 1. straightness. 2. straight- unvumba sing. 1. household, housekeeping, integrity. Cf. nyoka, forwardness, honesty, uokaji sing., rare roasting, baking, culinary cry, call. unyende, unyenje sing, domesticity. 2. married state, married life, nyofu. art. Cf. oka. relation of man and wife, pa — . fulfill see unyende. unyenje sing. one's marital duties, mvunja — . adulterer. see unyogovu. unyogofu sing. uokosi sing, reward (for finding a lost ob- Cf. nyumba. ject). Cf. okota. unyenyekeo sing. see unyenyekevu. unyogovu, unyogofu, unyong'onyevu sing. unyumbufu sing, flexibility. Cf nyumbua, sluggishness, languidness, slowness; modesty, uokotaji sing. 1. finding, picking up. unyenyekevu, unyenyekeo sing. 1. nyumbufu. weakness. = weariness, exhaustion; 2. find, discovery. 3. uokosi. reticence. 2. humility, deference, obsequi- nyong'onyea. nyenya, nyenyekevu. Cf. Cf. okota. ousness, servility. Cf. unyushi, unyusi (nyushi) (single hair of the)

anat. hip, thigh, side. eyebrow. Cf. ushi. unyonga (nyonga) 1. uokozi, wokozi sing, saving, rescue, de- unyenyevu sing, see kinyenyevu. = 3.: enda -. rare limp, 2. Hinyonga. liverance, salvation. Cf. ^okoa. unyusi sing. see unyushi. hobble (= enda chopi). Cf. Inyonga. unyenyezi sing. 1. mist, fog, haze. 2. hazi- uombaji sing, (habitual, professional) beg- indistinctness. ness, vagueness, 1. (manner of) drinking, ab- weakness, feebleness unywaji sing. unyonge sing. 1. ging, mendicancy. Cf. omba. - sorbing. — wa pombe siku hizi umezidi. (due to illness), rafiki yetu mwenye itching. nyea. unyeo sing, tickling, Cf. Beer-drinking is on the increase today. upamba 585 upatanisho 584 upakuzi

i upanga uombezi, uombi sing, entreaty, supplication; uovu (ma-) badness, wickedness, evil, cor- upamba (pamba) 1. upamba (a knife or bill- (panga) 1. sword, makali (maungo)

ya — . edge (back) of a sword, fig. — wa petition, application. Cf. omba. ruption, immorality, viciousness, wrong. hook used for tapping palm trees). 2. sickle. jogoo. cock's — walitufanyia mambo ya — sana. They have 3. small hoe (used for weeding). comb. wa suruali. crease of trousers. 2. a wooden imple- uombi sing. see uombezi. done us a great wrong. Cf. ovu. ment used by weavers to tighten threads. ^upamba (pamba) tusk (of a boar). uonevu {rare uonezi, uono, uonyo) (ma-) uozi (ma-) rare marriage ceremony, wedding. upangaji sing. 1. (act, terms, etc. of) hiring, 1. warning, notification, exhortation, —a Cf. oa, ndoa. ^upamba* [Pers.] (-) see kipamba. renting, leasing. 2. (money paid for) rent, — . ominous. 2. bullying, oppression. hire. Cf. panga. 3. rec: — wa kitaila. chauvinism. — wa upaa, upara sing. 1. baldness, bald spot. upambano sing. 1. comparison. 2. collision, kitaifa wa nchi kubwa. great-power chau- 2. crown of the head. 3. rec. (use of) conflict, disagreement. Cf. pambana. upanuzi sing., rare widening, broadening, vinism. Cf. ona. cosmetics, makeup. Cf. para. expansion. Cf. *pana, panua.

upambanuzi sing. 1. selecting, sorting out. upadre* \_Port.j sing. (Roman Catholic) uonezi (ma-) see uonevu. 2. (power of) discrimination. Cf. pambana. upanzi sing. see. ^upandaji. priesthood, holy orders. Cf. padre. uongo sing. see uwongo. upambo (ma-) {us. mapambo) decoration, fur- upao (pao) see upau. upagazi sing. 1. work (duties, pay, etc.) of nishing (of a house); furniture. Cf. Upamba. a porter, transport (business). 2. witch- uongofu sing. see wongofu. upapasa sing, upapasa (pastry made of craft. Cf. pagaa. upana 1. (ma-) breadth, width; diameter. manioc flour and coconut juice). uongozi sing, leadership, management. 2.: mapana adv. far and wide; thoroughly, upaja (paja) see paja. Cf. ongoa. inside out. anaijua nchi — na — He knows upapi (papi) 1. long thin strip of wood or

the country inside out. Cf. *pana. metal, beading, stripping, papi za msu- upaji sing. 1. us. rel. gift (of God) 2. in uonjaji sing. 1. sense of taste. 2. tasting, meno. sawblade strips, papi zenye ma- gen. generosity^ liberality, hospitality. testing. onja. sampling, Cf. gololi. bearing strips. 2. gore, gusset ^upandaji, upanzi sing, sowing, planting; Cf. Ipa. (in clothing). time for planting. Cf. panda. uono (ma-) see uonevu. upakiaji sing. see upakizi. upara 1. apply makeup (powder, lipstick, ^upandaj.i sing, ascending, climbing. (ma-) wonyesho. uonyesho see etc.). 2. sing. - upaa. sing. see upakizi. upakio Cf. panda. uonyo sing. see uonevu. upasi sing, trouble, annoyance, difficulty. upakizi, upakiaji, upakio sing. 1. loading, upande (pande) {also mpande, mi-) 1. side.

fanzia — . cause trouble for someone. putting on board (a ship), stowing cargo. pande zote. on all sides. — huu (ule) wa uoshaji sing. 1. rare washing (clothes ). Cf. pata. 2. cargo, freight. 3. (loading) crane. mto. this side (the other side) of the river. 2. preparation of a corpse for burial. carriage* 4. shipping cost, freight, 2. direction. — wa kaskazini (kuzini). osha. Cf. i upataji sing. 1. value, price. 2. purchas- 5. plastering, stucco work. Cf. pakia, northerly (southerly) direction. 3. part, ing power. Cf. pata. *paka. section, district (of a country/city). uotaji, uoto sing, growing, growth (of plants ). 4. wing (of a building/army). 5. prep, by, — waj>amba. the growth of the cotton. upatanisho sing, reconciliation, arbitration, near, beside. 6. adv. aside; sideways, iota. upakuzi sing. 1. unloading, discharging Cf. pacification. Cf. pata. (cargo, freight). 2. serving (of food). awry. Cf. kipande. ipakia. uoto sing., rare see uotaji. Cf. upatano 586 upendelevu upendezi 587 upimaji

upatano sing. see patano. sing. upekuzi 1. curiosity, inquisitiveness, upendezi (ma-) 1. agreeableness, amiability, ka. the wind is changing, punga — . 1. get 2. search, inquiry, investigation. 3. fault- kindness, charm. 2. pleasure fresh (over some- air, go for a change of air. 2. fan upatikanaji sing., rare obtaining, procuring, finding, criticism. Cf. pekua, pekuzi. thing), delight, happiness, 3. = upendo. oneself. Cf. pepa. receipt, delivery. pata. Cf. Cf. penda. upele (pele) me d. itch, skin-rash/eruption, upesi 1. sing, speed, velocity; haste. upatilivu, acne, scabies. upatilizo (ma-) rare blame, re- upendo, upenzi (rare upendezi) (ma-) love, 2. adv. quickly, speedily, fast, fanya proach, accusation, punishment, Cf. pata. affection, liking. Cf. penda. kazi -. work fast, sema -. talk fast. upelekaji sing., rare delivery, transmittal, Cf. epesi, wepesi. upatilizo (ma-) see upatilivu. conveyance. Cf. peleka. upendwa sing, state of being liked/loved.

Cf. penda. upeto (peto) 1. fold, roll. 2. something upato (ma-) see pato. upelelezi sing, spying, espionage, recon- folded/rolled: package, bundle. Cf. lpeta.

naissance, ndege za — . reconnaissance upenu (penu) space covered by the projecting upatu* [}nd. J (patu) 1. gong. 2. gifts pre- plane. Cf. peleleza. roof of a house, (small) addition to a house, upevu sing, ripeness, maturity. Cf. pevua, sented on a tray to the bride and at groom lean-to. pevu. a wedding. upembe (pembe) 1. naut. the upper corner

of a triangular sail. 2. fig.: ananitazama upenyaji, upenyezi (ma-, penyaji, penyezi) upi see pi. upau, upao (pau, pao) one of the poles laid kwa — . He looks askance at me, secret/surreptitious/underhanded action, across the rafters of a native hut to sup- Cf. 2p em b e , upigaji, upigiaji smuggling, bribery; insinuation. Cf. penya. sing. 1. striking, beating, port the thatch. = Ipao.) ( blows. 2.: — wa picha. photography. upembo (pembo) upembo (a hooked stick for upenyezi sing. see upenyaji. — (wa) kura. casting votes, voting. upawa (pawa) 1. a ladle made of coconut pulling down fruit). Cf. Ipemba. Cf. piga. shell. 2. in gen. (wooden) ladle. upenzi (ma-) see upendo. upendaji (ma-) inclination, propensity, pre- upiganaji sing. 1. fight, battle. 2. rivalry, special liking for upayukaji sing, indiscretion (in talking); in- dilection, partiality, competition, upeo (peo) 1. extremity, limit, furthest/high- contest (sport, etc.). coherence, inconsistency. Cf. paya. something. — wa madhehebu. sectarian- est point, apex, peak, summit. — wa macho. Cf. piga. ism. Cf. penda. horizon, pita — . beyond measure, out of all 1. (act upekecho (— ) {also pekecho, ma-) upigano sing, bounds. 2. adv. to the utmost, thoroughly. 1. fighting; contest, rivalry. drilling, boring. 2. making fire by upendano (ma-) liking for each other, mutual of) 2. (ma-) conflict, struggle, battle. piga — . give a sound beating. Cf. pea, twirling one fire-stick in a hole in the affection, congeniality, Cf. penda. kipeo. Cf. piga. other. 3. one of such fire-sticks (either

'male' or 'female'; wimbombo, ulindi). upendeleo (ma-) 1. favoritism, bias, patron- cf. upepeaji (ma-) see upepezi. upigiaji sing. see upigaji. age. 2, indulgence, consideration. 4. fig. annoyance, vexation. 5. fig. per-

sistent ache/pain. pekecha. 3. - upendaji. Cf. penda. Cf. upepeo (pepeo) fan, ventilator. Cf. pepa. upikaji sing., rare cooking, cookery, culi-

nary art. = ( upishi.) Cf. pika. - state sing. see upweke. upendelevu (n.a-) 1. upendeleo. 2. upekee upepezi, upepeaji sing, (act of) fanning; of being liked/favored, charm, attractive- gentle breeze. Cf. pepa. upimaji sing. 1. measuring, weighing. contempt, disdain; arro- ness. Cf. penda. upeketevu sing, 2. registration, recording. 3. criticism,

gance. Cf. pekecha, peketevu. upepo (pepo) wind, current of air, draft. — wa assessment, evaluation. Cf. pima. bahari. sea breeze. — unavuma, — unaangu- upote upotevu upinda 589 urahi

upinda adv.: fa — . die a natural death. upogo (pogo) 1. lopsidedness; squinting/ upotevu sing. 1. loss. 2. impoverishment, upurukushaji, upurukushani, upurukusho sing. Cf. kipinda. cockeyed condition. 2. red.: upogoupogo. destitution. 3. destruction, destructiveness, inattentiveness, carelessness, negligence. adv. from side to side, in a zigzag manner. vandalism. 4. wastefulness, extravagance. Cf. purukusha. upindani sing. 1. stiffness. 2. stubbornness, Cf. pogoa. 5. immoral life. Cf. potea, potevu. obstinacy, contentiousness. Cf. pinda. upurukushani, upurukusho sing. see upu- upokeaji, upokezi sing, collecting, receiving; upotoe sing. see upotovu. rukushaji. upinde, upindi (pinde) 1. rare bending, bend, receipts. Cf. pokea.

something bent. 2. bow (for shooting). upotovu, upotoe sing. 1. capriciousness, upuuzi sing. see upuzi. — wa mvua. rainbow. — wajua. spectrum. upokezi sing. see upokeaji. wrongheadedness. 2. stubbornness, obsti- pinda. Cf. nacy. 3. wickedness, degeneracy, rnmin- upokonyaji, upokonyo sing, seizure, confis- tion, upuzi, perversion. Cf. pota. upuuzi sing, nonsense, foolishness, upindi (pindi) see upinde. cation; robbing, plundering; extortion. foolish talk, gossip. 2 Cf. puza , Cf. poka. upumbavu sing, stupidity, folly, ignorance, upindo sing. see pindo. upweke, upekee sing, thoughtlessness. Cf. pumbaa, pumbavu. solitude, loneliness; upokonyo sing. see upokonyaji. seclusion, retirement. Cf. peke. upinduzi (ma-) overturning, upsetting; (mapi- upumuo, upumzi sing. see pumzi. nduzi) revolution. pinda. upole sing, kindness, gentleness, amiability, upya (ma-) 1. Cf. newness, novelty, hayo ni good nature, easy-going disposition. upunga mapya hayo. This is a (punga) 1. upunga (stage of growth of a novelty for me. upingaji sing. 1. resistance, opposition, chama Cf. lpole. 2. adv. anew, afresh, again, plant which is in full flower and just begin- wameijenga 2. blocking, bar- nyumba cha — . opposition party. ning to yao -. They have rebuilt their form fruit). 2. pi. male flowers of upondo (— ) see pondo. house. ring (of one's way, etc.). Cf. pinga. the coconut palm. Cf. pya.

upingamishi, upingamizi sing, (active) opposi- upongoo (pongoo) central stem of a palm uradhi* sing. 1. satisfaction, upunguaji sing. see upungufu. contentment. = leaf. 2. fulfilment tion, antagonism, obstructionism. ( upi- of desires/claims. 3. as- sent, approval, nzani.) Cf. pinga. upungufu, sanction. Cf. ridhi. upunguo, upunguaji (-, ma-) 1. de- uponyi sing, saving, deliverance, rescue; crease, reduction. 2. defect, fault. 3. de- upinzani sing. 1. spirit of contradiction, ob- cure. Cf. pona. uradi*, auradi sing., Isl. ficiency, inadequacy, insufficiency. prayers pronounced structionism. 2. obstruction, obstacle, dif- at a burial. 4. need, privation. 5. disability, handicap. ficulty. 3. pol. opposition (party). upooza sing. 1. numbness, paralysis. Cf. Upunga, pungufu. = kipooza 1.) 2. dumbness, speechless- urafiki* sing, Cf. pinga. ( friendship. fanya (vunja) -. ness. Cf. pooza. form (break off) a friendship. upunguo sing. see upungufu. Cf. rafiki. upishi sing, {rare upikaji) work (methods, uragai*. pay, etc.) of a cook; cookery, art of cooking. uporo sing. see kiporo. ulaghai sing, deception, upupu sing., hot. upupu (cowage, mucuna fraud, swindle, imposture. Cf. pika. bean). Cf. laghai. uposa, uposo sing. see poso. urahisi* upo (nyupo) upo (dipper for bailing out a boat). 1. cheapness, low price, bargain. upuraji sing, beating, threshing, mashine upote (pote) thong a whip, etc. ); bow- (of 2. adv. cheaply, easily. Cf. rahisi. ya — wa nafaka. thresher. Cf. pura. string. pota. upofu sing, blindness. Cf. pofua. Cf. 590 ibaha usafari 591 usemaji

urimbo sing. see ulimbo. urai* sing, flattery, servility, adulation; cun- usafari* sing. see usafiri. usakaji sing. see usasi. ning. Cf. *rai. urithi* sing, inheritance, bequest, legacy, usafi* sing. 1. cleanliness, purity. 2. order- usalama* sing, safety, security, heritage, mambo ya — . matters/business halmashau- uraia* sing, citizenship. Cf. raia. liness, neatness. 3. frankness, truthful- ri/baraza/chama relating to inheritance. Cf. rithi. ya - (ya UNO). Security ness. Cf. safi. Council (of the UN). Cf. salamu, salama. uraibu* sing, uraibu (a mixture of areca nut see ulitima. and tobacco, with lime, cloves, and a red uritima* sing. usafidi* [Per*.] sing. 1. cleanliness, = neat- usani* sing, forging, work (methods, pay, prepared for chewing). ( tambuu.) gum, ness. 2. friendliness, pleasantness. 3. etc.) of a (black)smith. 2 uroho* sing, greed, avarice, gluttony. dex- Cf. sana> terity, agility. Cf. safidi. = roho 6.) uramali*, ulamali sing, black magic. ( i.. an, crait. Cf. ramli (?). usafihi* sing, impudence, insolence; Cf. sanifu. urongo sing. see uwongo. abuse, affront; presumption, pride, arrogance. urambirambi sing. see ulambilambi. Cf. safihi. usare sing, blood brotherhood. Isare, uru* C Port. 1 sing., cards diamonds. Cf. uchale. balance. urari* sing, evenness, proportion, usafiri*, usafari sing, travel(ing), sing, reconstruction, restoration, journey, — wa hesabu. balancing an account. urudishaji* trip. _ wa wageni. tourism. safiri. rehabilitation. Cf. nidi. Cf. usasi, usakaji sing, (methods, pay, etc. of) fanya — . strike a balance. hunting. Cf. saka. usafirisha* sing. see usafirishaji. urujuani*, urujuwani LPers.J sing, violet uraro sing. see ^ulalo. usawa* sing. (color). 1. likeness, similarity, usafirishaji*, usafirisha sing. 1. sending off, equality; evenness, fairness, balance. urasharasha* (ma-) drizzle, sprinkle, light dispatch. 2. conveyance, transport, urujuwani* sing. see urujuani. trans- 2. level. — wa bahari. sea level. rasha. rain. Cf. portation; communications. 3. customs, 3. sport tie. Cf. sawa. duty. takeoff. 4.: - wa bidhaa. export. safiri. compas- urukaji sing. 1. jump(ing). 2. av. Cf. uraufu* sing, gentleness, sympathy, usawanisho* sing. Cf. ruka. 1. arrangement (in a row, sion. raufu. Cf. usafishaji* sing, cleaning, purification. line), alignment. 2. marking out/off, de- Cf. safi. cough medicine. limiting, demarcation. Cf. sawa. depth. urukususu* sing., pharm. urefu (ma-) length, height, altitude, height (depth). _ wa kwenda juu (chini). usaha* distress, shikwa/ sing, pus, matter, toka -. discharge urumo* sing, poverty, need, useja sing, useja (a necklace or collar of Cf. refu. matter, be in suppurate (a sore, etc.). patwa na —. be reduced to poverty, beads).

fall upon hard adjustment, straitened circumstances, urekebisho* sing. 1, repair. 2. usahaulifu* sing, forgetfulness, absentminded- o times. useja sing, unmarried orientation. Cf. irakibu. state, bachelorhood. ness. Cf. sahau, sahaulifu. Cf. mseja. Urusi* sing. Russia, Soviet Union. Cf. Ki- (ma-, -) ornamentation, adornment, urembo usahibu* sing. see usuhuba. rusi, Mrusi. usemaji decoration; finery; ornamental markings sing. 1. eloquence, public speaking. also Cf. remba, rembo; - wake haukutusaidia. His eloquence did (on the face). usahihi* sing. see uluzi. 1. Tightness, correctness, uruzi sing. not help nembo. us. 2. loquaciousness, talkative- faultlessness. 2. accuracy, precision, ness, garrulousness. 3. pronunciation. rare succession (by inherit- usabaha* sing., punctuality. 3. truthfulness. Cf. sahihi. Port sing. Portugal. Cf. reno. Ureno* L J — wake hautoshi. His pronunciation is ance, in office). Cf. sabaha. faulty. Cf. sema. 592 shindi ushindwaji 593

ushindwaji sing, defeatism. Cf. Ishinda. deception, something mislead- ushukuru* sing. 1. thanks, usemi sing. 1. speech, address, alipomaliza ushaufu* sing, gratitude (= s „u- de- krani). 2. resignation, — wake, when he had finished his speech. ing or disappointing (display, promise), humility. Cf. shu- ushirika*, ushiriki, ushirikiano, ushirikisho kuru. 2. conversation. 3. diction, style, manner lusion. Cf. shaua, shaufu. sing. 1. partnership; cooperation, collabo- of expression. 4. gramm. word. 5. fig. ration, chama eha -. cooperative. allurement, 2. com- ushungi (shungi) attitude, position (on a matter). — wa seri- ushawishi* sing, enticement, 1. (women's) headcloth. munity of interests. 3. association, so- shawishi. 2. tuft of hair, kali. the position of the government. Cf. temptation; (pol.) agitation. Cf. (plaited) knot of hair. ciety, organization. Cf. shiriki. 3. rare cock's sema. comb. Cf. Shungi. usheha* sing. 1. position of/status as a ushirikiano*, ushirikisho sing, see 2. respected social po- ushirika. ushupavu sing. useremala* [Pers.J sing, (craft, pay, etc. chief/councillor. 1. hardness, toughness, so- lidity, durability. narrventrv raliinptmfllfinor. seremala. sition. 3. ethn. place reserved for elders 2, strength, vigor, f) Cf. ushmkina* (_) superstition. Cf. shiriki, energy. at a funeral. Cf. shaha, sheikh. 3. endurance, tenacity, persever- mshirikina. ance, resoluteness. 4. usha caus. of uka. fanaticism, bigo- barbarism; try, dogmatism. ushenzi* [Pers.] sing, savagery, 5. stubbornness, obsti- ushoga* sing, friendship (between uncouthness, unmannerliness; paganism, women, nacy. Cf. shupaa, shupavu. ushababi* sing, youth(fulness). Cf. shababi. etc.; cf. shoga). heathenism. Cf. shenzi. ushuru* sing. 1. taxation, tax, duty. _ ushabaki* sing. 1. cleverness, cunning. wa ushombwe sing., arch, a magic potion. forodha. ushi (nyushi) 1. eyebrow, eyebrow ridge. custom duty, customs. 2. 2. snare; trick, trickery, strategem. rent, (ledge, toa/lipa -. pay 2, fig. (in gen.) ridge, projection taxes/rent, toza -. col- Cf. 2s habaki. ushonaji sing. see ushoni. lect taxes/rent. cornice, brink of a well, etc.). Cf. unyushi

ushahidi*, ushuhuda sing. 1. proof, confir- ushoni, ushonaji sing, occupation (craft, pay, ushikimano sing, (quality of) holding to- ushuzi sing, breaking mation; (jur.J evidence, testimony. 2. rel. wind. Cf. shuta. etc.) of a tailor/seamstress; sewing, gether, tenacity. Cf. shika. martyrdom. Cf. shahada, shahidi, shuhudu. needlework, tailoring, dressmaking. Cf. ushwa sing. see wishwa. shona. ushimbu (-) shrimp (= uduvi). ushairi* sing. 1. poetry, art of poetry. 2. fig usi (nyusi) usi (kind of grass). beauty, high skill. Cf. mshairi, shairi. ushono sing, style/method ushinda sing., rare residue, remainder, re- of sewing, Cf. shona. diaconate. fuse. Cf. shinda. usia*. wosia ushamasi*, ushemasi sing., rel. 1. order, direct, instruct, com- mission, Cf. shamasi. ninakuusia usisahau kununua ushindani sing. 1. rivalry, competition, ushoroba* sing. see kishoroba. vitu hivi. I expressly instructed you not emulation. 2. contest, match. 3. fight aggression. shambulia. to forget to ushambulizi sing, Cf. buy these things. 2. make altercation, argument. ushtaki* sing., jur. legal action, accusation, (ing). 4. dispute, one's last will and testament, bequeath arraignment, 5. rare (legal) action, lawsuit. prosecution. Cf. shtaki. bead; (us. pi.) something ushanga (shanga & ma-) to someone, alimwusia mali ^shinda. beads. - wa kuteremesha. belt Cf. yake. He bequeathed (string of) his property to him. ushuhuda* sing. see ushahidi. appl. usilia. of beads (worn by women). intr. usika. caus. usisha. defeat. Ishinda. ushinde sing, Cf. pass, usiwa. Cf. wasia, wasii. ushujaa* sing. 1. bravery, courage, hero- ushangao sing. see mshangao. ushindi sing. 1. cause of a dispute, point ism. 2. act of heroism, great exploit. -usia* s ing. see wasia. at issue, bone of contention. 2. victory; Cf. shujaa. usharifu* sing, excellence, dignity, respect- conquest, success. Cf. 'shinda. ability. Cf. sharifu. usitawishaji 595 594 usubi

usimanga, simango (ma-) {us. ma- usihiri* sing, magic, witchcraft. Cf. sihiri. usimango, kupata uhuru umeingia - mkubwa katika nchi usono sing. 1. rest, relaxation. mockery; malicious 2. friend- simango) derision, yetu. Since independence our country has ship. pleasure taken in another person's mis- usikilivu sing. see usikivu. made considerable progress. 2. growth, de- fortune, schadenfreude. Cf. simanga. velopment, vitality. — wa miti unategemea usononi, usununo sing. 1. pain, grief, care. usikilizaji sing, make oneself understood rutuba ya ardhi. The growth of trees de- 2. bad humor, irritability. 3. sadness, rare firmness, stability; (at a distance). sikia. usimeme sing., pends on the fertility of the Cf. soil. Cf. sitawi. melancholy. Cf. sonona. steadfastness. Cf. simama. usikivu, usikilivu, usikizi sing. 1. attentive- usitawishaji sing. see usitawi. uss! usu! interj. hush! quiet! (singa) (single) hair (us. of an animal). ness, attention, interest. 2. intelligence, usinga

obedience. usitu (— ) usitu (strip teachability. 3. tractability, of plaited grass or ustaarabu* sing, civilization, refinement; _1 _L:I Ko mrnr. USinglZl SMlf;. =io<-|j. o...«..« ..» . _--.-- sikia, sikilivu. paim-ieaf fiber for making mats). Cf. education; good manners. Cf. staarabu. powered by sleep, lala -. go to sleep.

usingizini. wake up. ugonjwa wa mutual understanding, agree- ondoka uskani* (-) see usikizano sing, usukani. ustadi* sing. 1. skill, dexterity, cleverness. — sopo- — . sleeping sickness, dawa ya . harmony. sikia. ment, Cf. 2. expert knowledge, ability, competence. rific, narcotic. Cf. usingizisha; also uso (nyuso) 1. face; expression (of the face), 3. cunning, craftiness. Cf. stadi. usikizi sing. see usikivu. appearance. - wa kutulia. a kind/friendly face, sina —. I am ashamed {lit. I have no ustahifu* sing. see ustahivu. med. anesthetize. Cf. usingizi. usingizisha face), usiku 1. (siku) night, nighttime (from 6 p.m. kunja — . wrinkle the forehead (from

midnight. — na worry/annoyance), . to 6 a.m.). wa manane. kunjua — smile. — ustahiki* sing, worthiness, respect, honor, usiniombe (— ) usiniombe (kind of manioc). kwa — . face to face, mchana. night and day. prov. moyo wa usoni. what is esteem, regard. Cf. haki.

mwenzio ni — wa giza. The heart of your ahead, the future. Cf. kisogoni. 2. front, usira sing., arch, usira (dried and powdered = not really forward part; exterior; surface, friend is deep night ( one does usoni mwa ustahili* sing, merit, worthiness, deserving- skin of animal or reptile, used as a charm know even one's friends). 2. adv. (us. nyumba kuna duka. There is a shop in the ness. Cf. stahili. or medicine). usiku usiku) at night. - hata/kwa -. night front part of the house. — wa dunia

after night. Cf. ^siku, kisikusiku. (mwezi). the surface of the earth (moon). ustahimili* sing. see ustahimilivu. usiri* 1. stay, tarry, linger, delay, lose time, be slow/late. appl. usiria. intr. usirika. ^usia. usodai* sing. see usodawi. usilia* appl. of ustahimilivu*, ustahimili sing, perseverance, be held up/delayed/detained; be arrested. pertinacity, endurance; patience. ha- caus. usirisha. delay /detain someone. Cf. erect/upright, usodawi*, usodai usimamao sing, state of being sing, pride, arrogance; mali. 2. sing, delay, lateness, mtu huyu ana upright/vertical/erect position. Cf. simama. contempt, disdain. Cf. sodawi. time-consum- mambo ya — . This man has ustahivu*, ustahifu sing, politeness, cour- ing business to do; this man does every- superintend- usoka (ma-) brass wire. usimamizi sing. 1. supervision, tesy; respect, consideration, deference; thing very slowly. control. 2. position (duties, pay, ence, attention, attentiveness. Cf. stahi, etc.) of an overseer/superviser/superintend- usomaji sing, reading, reading matter. stahivu. = njia.) usita (— ) rare way, road, path. ( ent/manager. 3. supervisory body /author- Cf. soma.

administration, management, direction. ity, usubi (— ) gnat, sandfly. usitawishaji sing. aid. usitawi*, usitawishi, 4. fig. protection, assistance, Cf. usoni see uso. 1. prosperity, progress, success, tangu utaalamu 597 utambazi usufi 596

utaalamu* sing., rare learning, education, utakalifu* sing, usufi*, usufu sing., sufi (— ) 1. (us. sufi ya usuluhifu* sing. see usuluhi. weariness, fatigue; disgust, knowledge. Cf. elimu, taalamu. aversion; mti) kapok, 2. (us. sufi ya kondoo) wool. indisposition. Cf. kalifu, taka- sing, (cleaned coconut fiber, lifu. 3. cotton wool, wadding, swab. Cf. msufi. usumba usumba utabibu*, utibabi sing, ready for use in making cord, etc.). (profession, methods, fees, etc. of) medicine, medical science/ utakaso sing, cleansing, usufii* sing, life (character, conduct, etc.) of purifying. practice, treatment. Cf. niba, ^tibu, ta- takata. a dervish/hermit, seclusion, retirement, usumbufu sing. 1. annoyance, vexation. Cf. bibu, disturbance, excitement, agitation. solitary /lonely existence. Cf. sufii. 2.

3. med. irritation, inflammation. Cf. su- utakatifu sing, cleanliness, purity (literal utabiri* sing, soothsaying; interpretation, mbufu, sumbua. ex- or figurative); morality; (rel.) sanctity, usufu* sing. wool. Cf. usufi, sufi. planation; prediction, forecast; announce- holiness. Cf. takata, takatifu. ment. wa usungo sing, inexperience (in matters of — hewa. weather forecasting, usugu sing. 1. callousness, insensitivity. meteorology. sex), lack of knowledge of tribal tradition Cf. tabiri. utako sing. 1. = tako. 2. naut. 2. stubbornness, obstinacy. 3. stupidity, anchorage. (on the part of young people who have not folly. Cf. sugua, sugu. utadi* sing, {also tadi, ) yet been initiated). Cf. msungo. — violation, infrac- utalaleshi* sing. 1. slander, talebearing. tion; offense, insult, rudeness; attack, ag- 2. viciousness, corruptness, immorality. usuhuba*, usahibu sing, friendship gression. Cf. tadi. 3. lasciviousness, lust. Cf. mtalaleshi. (= urafiki). Cf. suhubiana, sahibu. usununo sing. see usononi.

utafiti* sing, curiosity, inquisitiveness, in- utalii* sing, tourism. concubinage. suria. Cf. talii. usukani*, uskani (— ) {also sukani, ma-) usuria* sing, Cf. discretion, meddling. Cf. lafiti. 1. naut. rudder. 2. (in gen.) steering utamaduni* sing, refinement, sing, refusal; boycott, good taste; gear, steering wheel (of an automobile), ususaji, ususiaji utaftishi* sing. see utafutaji. civilization, culture, sabotage. susa. —a — . cultural, handlebar (of a bicycle, etc.). Cf. msukani. Cf. ujumbe wa — . cultural delegation. utafutaji*, utafutishi, utaftishi sing, search, ususi (rare usuki) sing, braiding, plaiting Cf. tamaduni. usuki sing., rare see ususi. investigation; research. Cf. tafuta. (hair, mats). Cf. *suka. utamani* sing. see utamanifu. usukumizi sing. 1. urging, instigation, in- utagaa sing. see Aaga. citement; stimulus, encouragement. 2. rough ususiaji sing. see ususaji. utamanifu*, utamani sing., rare longing, ness, rudeness. 3. abruptness, (sudden) utaifa* sing, nationality. Cf. taifa. covetousness; desire, lust(fulness). ususu sing, hall, passage, corridor. anger, (violent) temper. Cf. sukuma. Cf. tamani.

utaiti* sing., rare poverty, need, distress. Uswahili* sing, the coastal area of East usultani* sing, sultanship, sultanate. Cf. Itaiti. utambaa (tambaa) 1. = Africa where Swahili is spoken as a na- kitambaa. 2. tex- Cf. sultani. 2 tiles. Cf. tam baai kitambaa. tive language. Cf. Swahili, Kiswahili, utaji* LPers.J sing, head covering, head- Mswahili. usulubu* sing. see sulubu. utambazi cloth, veil. (— ) 1. crawling (of insects, rep-

tiles). 2. track, trail (left by a snake, mata. usuluhi*, usuluhifu sing. 1. agreement, con- uta (nyuta) bow (and arrows). Cf. utajiri* sing, wealth, property; business etc.). 3. fig. obsequiousness, servility. cord. 2. mediation, reconciliation, satis- enterprise, capital. Cf. tajiri. 4. plur. - tambazi. Cf. ^tambaa. for drying faction. Cf. suluhu. utaa (taa) dial, utaa (platform and storing grain). utambi 598 utarishi 599 utende

1 utambi (tambi) 1. wick (of a lamp). 2. fuse. utandu sing. see utando. utarishi* sing, position (duties, pay, etc.) utayari* LPers.] sing, readiness, prepared- itambi. of a messenger/postman; Cf. courier service. ness, willingness. Cf. tayari. utanga (tanga) utanga (a mat on which grain Cf. tarishi. is ground; - tuguu). Cf. kitanga. Aitambi sing, turban-cloth. ute (mate) thick/sticky /viscous fluid: mucus, utasa* sing. 1. sterility, barrenness. 2. fig. saliva, mucilage, etc. - wa yayi. white of utangazaji sing. 1. announcement, procla- uselessness, worthlessness. Cf. nasa- egg. tema -. expectorate. ''utambi sing. see ^kitambi. mation. — wa redioni. radio transmission/

broadcasting. 2. public relations, pub- utashi sing. 1. importunity, obtrusiveness. = uteatea sing. see ucheachea. utambo (— ) 1. kitambo. 2. - tambo. licity. tangaa. Cf. 2. (urgent) request, desire, plea, petition. 3. handle, bail (of a bucket, pot). usiniletee -. Don't press me with requests. uteeemeano sine-, interdenpnrlp utangule sing, utangule (strips of palm Cf, taka. gemea. utambulifu sing. see utambuzi. leaf, used for plaiting).

utasi sing. 1. inability /unwillingness to uteketevu sing, destruction (by utambulisho sing. 1. explanation (of a prob- fire). utangulizi sing, foreword, introduction, pre- speak; speech defect/impediment. (= *ki- Cf. teketea. lem). 2. mark, characteristic. Cf. tambua. face. Cf. tangulia. tata.) 2. = utata 2. Cf. tata.

uteketezo utambulizi sing. see utambuzi. sing., rare burning, destruction, 1. membership in a family/ utani* sing. utata sing. 1. utata (wicker fish trap). damage by fire. Cf. teketea. clan/race, kinship. 2. utani (familiarity, 2. anat. frenum (of the tongue, etc.). utambuzi, utambulizi, utambulifu sing. jesting, etc. permissible between persons Cf. tata. utelezi (— , ma-) 1. quickness of wit/perception, intelligence. slipperiness, slipping, of mtani relationship), nimefanya — tu. sliding. telea. 2. recognition, understanding. 3. intelligi- Cf. I was just joking. I didn't mean any harm. utatu sing. 1. state of being triple/threefold. bility. 4. explanation, answer, solution. Cf. tania, mtani, watani. 2. mus. trio. 3. rel. trinity. Cf. tatu. utembe sing, utembe (the expectorated Cf. tambua, tambuzi. re- mains of chewed betel mixture; = mate utaniboi* tEngl.J sing, work (duties, pay, utawa* sing. 1. retirement, seclusion (esp. ya tambuu). utamu* sing. 1. flavor, taste. 2. sweetness. etc.) of a helper/assistant. Cf. taniboi. of women in Moslem households). 2. strict 3. candy, sweets, dessert. 4. fig. pleas- morality /piety. 3. religious order, nyumba utembezi (ma-) 1. (act, methods, antness, kindness, charm. Cf. tamu. etc. of) utanzi sing, loop, noose, eyelet. Cf. ya — . monastery, convent. Cf. tawa. offering for sale, advertising, merchan- tanda, tanzi, kitanzi. dising; advertisement. 2. walking utamvua sing. see tamvua. around, utawala*, utwala sing. 1. ruling, governing; loitering (= matembezi); (coll.) prostitu- (tanzu rare branch a utanzu & ma-) (of reign, rule, government, administration; tion. 3. tourism. Cf. tembea. utanashati* sing, cleanness, neatness (of tree). (- tawi.) power. — wa chama kimoja. one-party rule. dress). Cf. tanashati. 2. form of government. 3. direction, man- utembo, utembwe sing, palm-leaf fiber. utapishi sing. 1. vomiting. 2. emetic. agement; discipline (in a classroom, etc.). Cf. kitembwe. utando, utandu (— ) 1. something spread/ Cf. tapika. Cf. tawala, mtawala. stretched out. — la buibui. spiderweb. utendaji sing, activity, energy, diligence, 2. covering, veil; film, scum, crust. — wa utaratibu* sing. see taratibu. utawi (tawi & ma-) see tawi. industry; work, performance, accomplish- macho, a film over the eyes, clouded vision. ment, productivity. Cf. tenda. 3. swarm (of bees, locusts). 4. rare plain. utari* (tari) string (of a musical instrument); utaya (taya) see taya. tanda. cord, rope. Cf. utende sing., rare magical powers, sorcery. Cf. tenda. utibabi 601 utongozi utendi 600

utibabi* sing. see utabibu. bidhaa. volume of production, ofisi ya utendi sing. see utenzi. utesi, utesaji sing. 1. quarrelling, strife, utoaji wa habari. office of information. discord. 2. annoyance, irritation, agita- utii*, utiifu sing. 1. obedience, tractability, — wa maji. distribution of water, irriga- utengamano sing. see utengemano. tion; persecution. 3. distress, trouble, reliability. 2. discipline. 3. subservi- tion. Cf. 'toa, misfortune. Cf. tesa. ence, servility. Cf. tii. utengano sing, separation, withdrawal; (pol.) utohara* sing. 1. (ceremonial) purity, division, factionalism. Cf. tenga. see utetaji sing. uteto. = utiifu* sing. see utii. cleanliness ( tohara); (us.) circumcision.

2. rare menstruation. Cf. tohara. utengemano, utengamano sing, settling down, utete (tete & ma-) stalk of grass, reed utiko (ma-) ridge (of a thatched roof). recovery (after disorders, war); peace, (re- (used as a pipestem or musical instrument). utokezo (ma-) (act of) issuing; utterance, ex- stored) prosperity, sheria na — . law and utiliaji sing, adding, introducing, applying, planation; publication, appearance. order. Cf. tengemaa. utetezi sing, (also pi. matetezi) 1. argu- supplying. Cf. tia. Cf. ^oa. mentation (for or against); intercession, utengenezaji sing, mending, repairing, cor- advocacy, (jur.) defense; opposition, ob- utimbi sing. see uchimvi. utoko sing, mucus (from the vagina). recting; preparing, editing (of books, etc.). jection; obstructiveness. 2. pol. repre- Cf. \oa. Cf. tengenea. sentative body. Cf. teta. utimilifu* sing, completion, consummation,

fulfilment, accomplishment, execution; utokomeaji sing, disappearance. Cf. to- utengevu sing, accomplishment, performance, uteto, utetaji sing. 1. quarrel, dispute, de- conclusion. Cf. *timu, timilifu. komea. execution. Cf. tengenea (tengea). bate. 2. slander, backbiting. Cf. teta.

utimvi sing. see uchimvi. utolewaji sing, issue, delivery, distribution u ten go (ma-) rare 1. separation, withdrawal, uteuzi sing. 1. choice, selection. 2. se- (of a publication, etc.). Cf. -Hoa. removal, 2. shelter, refuge, hiding place. lectiveness, choosiness, fastidiousness. utingo (ma-) 1. conductor (on a motorbus). Cf. Menga. 3. good taste. Cf, teua, teuzi. 2. driver's mate (on a taxi, truck), appren- utomvu sing. 1. juice, sap (of a plant). = tice driver. 2. mucilage, glue. utenzi, utendi sing. 1. utendaji. 2. (re- uthabiti* sing. 1. firmness, strength, so-

ligious) poem, epic. Utenzi wa Liongo. the lidity, stability, rigidity, reliability. utiriri sing, elusiveness, evasion (of an an- utondoti (tondoti) 1. an old-fashioned orna- Lay of Liongo. Cf. tenda. 2. steadfastness, courage. 3. veracity, swer, difficulty). Cf. tiririka. ment worn by women: a necklace of many authenticity. Cf. thabiti, thibiti. strands of copper wire from which a uteo (teo) uteo (a plaited basket or tray used terrifying; utisho (— ) (act of) frightening, Maria Theresa dollar is suspended. 2. fig., for sifting grain). uthubutifu* sing, certainty, conviction; fright, scare, panic, pata — . take fright, rare repeated action, repetition. self-confidence. Cf. thabiti, thubutu. be given a scare. Cf. tisha. utepe* LEngl. J (ma-) see tepe. utongo (ma-) = matongo. uthubutu* sing. see uthabiti. sing, cattle tick, chicken louse. utepetevu sing, limpness, lassitude; indiffer- utitiri

indolence, carelessness, neg- utongozaji, utongozi sing. 1. immorality, ence, apathy; uti (nyuti) 1. trunk, stem (of a tree, etc.). uto sing, (vegetable) oil. mafuta ya — . sem- lasciviousness. 2. seduction (of a ligence. Cf. tepetea. 2.: — wa mgongo. anat. backbone, sem oil. woman). Cf. tongoza. spine. 3. shaft (of a spear). 4. chip, see utesi. utesaji sing. splinter, shaving. Cf. Imti. utoaji, utowaji sing, (act of) issuing, output; utongozi sing. see utongozaji. publishing, publication; distribution. — wa utope 602 utunda 603 uungamaji

utope sing. see tope. attention, fanya kazi yako kwa — . Do your utunda (tunda) girdle of beads (worn by (- not mixed/adulterated). 3. emptiness, work carefully. Cf. tua, tulivu. women). (~ kondavi.) meaninglessness, worthlessness. 4. coll. utoro sing. 1. flight, desertion; truancy. 2. genitals. Cf. tupu. treachery, betrayal, disloyalty, apostasy. utuma sing. see utume. utundu* LPers. J sing. 1. mischief, trouble- Cf. toroka, mtoro. someness, capriciousness; mischievous- uturi* sing, attar, scent, perfume. utumbavu sing, swelling, bulging. Cf. tumbua, ness, wilfulness, precocity (of a child). utosi (tosi) 1. crown (of the head); fontanel *tumba, tumbot 2. slyness, craftiness. Cf. tundu. Uturuki* sing. Turkey. Cf. Mturuki, Kituruki. (of an infant). 2. fig. top, tip, peak. utumbo (tumbo & ma-) 1. (us. pi.) intestines, utunduizi sing. 1. watchfulness, alertness. utusitusi sing. see uchusichusi. utoto sing. 1# childhood, infancy, youth. 2. entrails, viscera. 2. gut (the substance). Cf. 2. watching, spying. Cf. tunduia. fig. youthfuiness, vigor. 3. dependence. utuvu sing, gentleness, politeness, civility, Cf. mtoto. utungaji, utungo sing, (act of) putting in good manners. Cf. tua. utumbuizi, utumbuizo sing, (singing of a) lullaby; order, arranging, composing, compiling. utotole sing, reward (given for finding some- (singing of a) refrain (during the performance of — wa sheria. drafting of laws. Cf. tunga. utwala* sing. see utawala. l thing lost). Cf. toa (?). a dance). Cf. tumbuika.

utungo sing. 1. = utungaji. 2. (literary) uuaji, uaji sing, murder(ousness), slaughter, utovu sing. lack, want, absence. Cf. noa, utume, utuma sing, (act of) sending (off), dis- composition, essay, poem. — wa sauti. massacre. Cf. ua. tovu. patch; delegation, deputation. Cf. tuma. melody. 3. draft, plan, idea, proposal. 4.

invention, fabrication, lie. 5. line, series, uuguzaji sing. see uuguzi. utowaji sing. see utoaji. utumi, utumiaji sing. see utumizi. succession. Cf. *tunga. uuguzi, uuguzaji sing, (occupation, methods, utu sing. 1. humanity, human nature. — ume. utumishi, utumizi sing. 1. position (duties, pay, utungu sing. see uchungu. etc. of) nursing, caring for the sick. Cf. ugua. manhood. — uke. womanhood. 2. good etc.) of a servant;, employment, service. — wa

human qualities, goodness, kindness, kiaskari. military service. 2. religious service, utunu sing, rarity, value, preciousness. Cf. uume, ume, uanaume sing. 1. masculinity, onyesha —. show kindness/consideration. worship. Cf. tuma. tunuka, tunu. uumeni. on the male side, watu hawa ni Cf. mtu. uumeni/kuumeni kwangu. These people are ^utumizi, utumiaji, utumi, utumo sing. (us. (act of) caring for, relatives on my father's side. 2. anat. penis. utukufu sing, greatness, grandeur, glory; utunzaji, utunzi sing, matumizi) use, employment, utilization, fedha tending, protecting; care, attention, protec- = dhakari, mboo). ume. eminence, prominence, fame. Cf. tukuka, ( Cf. ya — . pocket money, kitu cha — . useful article, — matunda. care/tending of plants. tukufu. tion. wa tool, utensil. Cf. tuma. Cf. tunza. uumikaji, uumizi sing, (act/method of, fee charged for) cupping, blood-letting, umika. utukutu sing, restlessness, excitability, Cf. ^utumizi sing. - utumishi. nervousness; fluster, haste; liveliness, utunzi sing. see utunzaji. exuberance; mischievousness, naughtiness uumizi sing. see uumikaji. utumo sing. see utumizi. utunzo sing. see tunzo. (of children). Cf. tukuta, tukutu. uundaji sing, construction, structure, organiza- utumwa sing. 1. servitude, slavery, exploitation. juice of mtupa tion. unda. utule sing, poverty, need, distress, wretched- utupa sing, utupa (poisonous Cf. 2. recent instructions, directions, nimeutimiza/ plants; ^mtupa). ness. Cf. tule. cf. nimeufanya — vvako. I have followed your uungamaji sing, confession, admission, acknowledg- instructions /carried out your orders. Cf. ment. utulivu sing, rest, quiet(ness), peacefulness, utupu sing. 1. nakedness, bareness, nudity. Cf. ungama. tuma. 2. simplicity, purity composure; forbearance; carefulness, enda — . go naked. fig. )

605 uunganishaji 604 uvumilivu

uunganishaji sing, (act of) uniting, joining, uvoteshaji* lEngl. J sing, (election) campaign. uvumo (ma-) - uvumi 1. uvuto sing, attraction, influence. Cf. vuta.

combining, Cf. ^unga. Cf. votesha.

uvundo sing, bad smell, stink (of bad meat, uvuvi sing, (act, method, etc. of) fishing; uungu sing, deity, divinity (in gen.). Cf. uvuguvugu sing. 1. tepidity, lukewarmness. etc.). Cf. vunda. work (pay, etc.) of a fisherman. Cf. *vua.

mungu, umungu. maji haya si motoyana — tu. This water is not

hot, it is just lukewarm. 2. closeness, stuff- uvungu, uvurungu sing. 1. hollowness, vacuum, uvuvio sing. 1. (act of) blowing. 2. fig. uungwana, ungwana sing. 1. rare status of a iness (of a room, etc.). 3. confusion, discom- 2. cavity. Cf. mvungu. vanity, conceit, arrogance. Cf. vivia.

free man (as opp. to a slave). 2. civiliza- posure, consternation. Cf. vuguvugu.

tion, education, good breeding/manners. uvunjaji, uvunjifu, uvunjo sing. 1. (act, manner, uvuzi (ma-) (us. mavuzi; also vuzi) body hair

3. friendliness, kindness, goodwill. Cf. uvuke sing. see mvuke. etc. of) breaking, destroying, wrecking. 2. (armpits ), pubic hair.

mwungwana, kiungwana. ueslruciivcucss, vaiiuaiiSiiu 3. (r esult:

uvuko sing., rare see uvushi. wreck, ruin, ruinous state. 4. abolition, uvyazi sing. see uzazi. uunzi (ma-) building, carpentry, construction. annulment. Cf. vunja.

Cf. Tinda. uvukuto sing. see ufukuto. uwaasi* sing. see uasi. uvunjifu, uvunjo sing. see uvunjaji.

uuzaji sing, (business of) selling, sales- uvulana sing. 1. youth(fulness). 2. bachelorhood, uwahi* sing, promptness, alacrity. Cf. wahi.

manship. Cf. uza, mwuzaji. life of a bachelor. I'uala mam bo ya — . live like uvuno (ma-) (us. mavuno) reaping, gathering,

a bachelor. Cf. mvulana. picking, harvesting; (fig.) make a profit. Cf. uwakala* sing. see uwakili.

uvi (ma-) (kind of) wasp. vuna.

uvuli sing, shade, shadiness, shadowiness. Cf. uwakfu* sing, dedication, consecration. Cf.

uvimbe sing. 1. swollen condition, tumes- kivuli, mwavuli. uvunzovunzo sing, worn condition (of cloth- wake f.

cence. 2, swelling, protuberance. 3. fig. ing), state of showing much use (a tool,

distention, enlargement, expansion; infla- uyumba sing, uvumba (a fragrant gum). etc.); fragility (of something which is likely uwakili*, uwakala sing. 1. representation,

tion, exaggeration. 4. girth, circumference to tear or break unless carefully handled). stewardship, agency, sintama katika — . rep- act the = = uvumbi sing. 1. (particle of) dust. 2. dustiness. resent, as agent of. 2. ( hati ya ( kivimbe). Cf. vimba. Cf. vunja.

3. fig. (mortal) remains. Cf. vumbi, kivumbi. — ) power of attorney. 3. administration,

uvimbizi sing, thatching (of a house). Cf. uvurungu sing. see uvungu. government business. Cf. wakili. vimba. uvumbuaji, uvumbuzi sing, discovery, explora-

tion. Cf. vumbua. uvushi, uvusho, uvuko sing. 1. work (methods, uwalimu*, ualimu sing, education (as a science), = pedagogy. uvinjari* sing, vigilance. Cf. vinjari. means, pay, etc.) of a ferryman. 2. kivuko. Cf. elimu, mwalimu.

uvumbuzi sing. see uvumbuaji. Cf. vua. = uviringo sing, roundness, curvature, rotundity. uwambo (mambo) 1. kiwambo. 2. cording (of

Cf. viringa, mviringo, mviringano. uvumi sing. 1. (low, indistinct) sound, noise uvusho sing. see uvushi. a native bedstead). 3. pegs (used for stretch- (rumbling, humming, buzzing, murmuring). 2. ing something out, tent-pegs, etc.). Cf. wamba.

uvivu sing, idleness, laziness; carelessness, fig. stir, sensation; approval. 3. rumor. Cf. uvutaji sing, smoking. Cf. vuta.

negligence; indifference; scorn, contempt. vuma. uwananchi, uananchi sing, patriotism, national- attraction/influence. ism. mwananchi. Cf. yivu. uvutano sing, (mutual) Cf.

uvumilivu sing., vumilio (ma-) patience, nguvu ya — . power of attraction. Cf. vuta.

persistence, forti- uvoo sing, bracelet, armlet (of ivory, beads ). tolerance; perseverance, tude; gentleness, meekness, humility. Cf. vuma. . .

uvvanda 606 uwindaji uwindo 607

uwanda, uanda (nyanda), also wanda sing. *uwekevu, uelekevu sing, power of comprehen- 1. open area, (town) square, plaza. 2. open uwindo (ma-) (us. mawindo) what is obtained uzalishaji sing. see uzazi. sion, perceptiveness, penetration, acumen, country, plain. — wa juu. plateau. Cf. by hunting; prey, bag, booty, quarry. Cf. intellect. Cf. elea, elekea. kiwanda. winda. uzalishi sing. 1. - uzazi. 2.: hospitali ya —

maternity hospital. Cf, zaa. 2uwekevu, wekevu sing, thrift(iness), frugality, = A uwingu (mbingu) 1. sky, heavens, firmament. uvvanga sing, starch. ( wanga.) economy. Cf. weka. 2. clouding, cloudiness. Cf. wingu. uzandiki* sing, deceit, hypocrisy, cunning. Cf. uvvanja (wanja) 1. enclosed area, court(yard). zandiki, mzandiki. luwele (ma-, nyele) (grain of) bulrush millet. uwinja, ubinja (mbinja, winja), also kibinja 2. sport (playing-)field, stadium. 3. av.:

Cf. nmwele. (vi-) whistle, piga — . to whistle. — wa ndege. landing field, airfield, airport. uzani*, wizani, winzani sing, weighing, weight.

re I.: :„ Cf. mizani. 2uwele sing. see uele. uwinzi sing. see uwindaji.

A uzanya caus.-ass. of uza. uwasho sing, lighting, illumination. Cf. uweleko (— ) see mbeleko. uwivi sing. see wivi. ''waa, *waka. uzao (ma-) 1. product, production. 2. progeny,

uweza sing, see uwezo. uwivu sing. see wivu. offspring. 3. descent, extraction (through 5 Aiwasho sing, irritation, inflammation. Cf. or 6 generations). Cf. zaa.

uwezekano sing, possibility, feasibility. Cf. uwizi sing, see wizi.

weza. uzazi, uvyazi, uzalishaji sing. 1. reproduction, uwasi (ma-) see uasi. uwongo, wongo, uongo, urongo sing. 1. lie, procreation, propagation, tumbo/mji la/wa —

uwezo, uweza sing. 1. ability, power, capacity, falsehood, untruth. 2. deception, fraud; womb. 2. childbirth, delivery, confinement;

^uwati sing., med. skin-eruption, boil. capability, competence, talent, kila mtu kwa pretence, dissimulation. 3. illusion, delu- (fig.) birthday. 3. descent, parentage. 4.

— wake, each according to his abilities. 2. sion. 4. falsity, spuriousness. kiapo cha (degree of) kinship, relationship. 5. fertility,

possibility, opportunity, — . I no kosa (kuwa na) — . be sterile (fertile). Cf. Aiwati, uati (mbati) side-post/pole (support- sina have — . perjury. Cf. ^wongo, ongopa, ^mwongo. energy, intensity. zaa. ing the rafters of a native house). opportunity. 3. 4. supreme = power (of the state). Cf. weza. uya dial, come back, return. ( rudi.) uzee sing, old age, senility. zee, mzee. uwatu sing, uwatu (a kind of herb, fenugreek, Cf, doubleness, duality. 1. dryness, hardness the Trigonella foenum-graecum). uwili sing, Cf. will. uyabisi* sing. (of soil, etc.). 2. dry, hot climate. 3. drought. uzembe sing, idleness, laziness; carelessness,

sing, uprightness, verticality, perpen- roughness, rudeness; reserve, negligence; indifference; contempt. uwazi sing, clarity, plainness, intelligibility, Uwima 4. fig. Cf. dicularity. Cf. wima. taciturnity. Cf. yabisi. zembe, kizembe, mzembe. cogency. Cf. wazi.

uwimbi (wimbi) (single grain of a variety of) uyoga (nyoga), also kiyoga (vi-) & yoga (ma-) uzi (nyuzi) 1. thread, yarn, sokota — . spin. uwaziri* sing, status (function, pay, etc.) of millet (used for making beer). Cf. mtama. fungus, mushroom, toadstool. 2. string, cord. — wa timazi. plumbline (used a minister, ministry. Cf. waziri, wizara. by masons). 3. wire. — wa chuma. iron wire. = uwinda sing. 1. uwindaji. 2. anat. perineum. Uyunani* sing, (ancient) Greece. Cf. — wa simu. telegraph wire. 4.: nyuzi (also uwazo sing, meditation, reflection; imagina- = 3. ubinda. Kiyunani, Myunani. nyuzinyuzi) threads, fibers, —a nyuzinyuzi. tion, fancy. Cf. waza. fibrous.

uwindaji, uwinda (rare uwinzi) sing, (occupation, uza sell, vend, offer for sale. appl. uzia. uwekaji (rare weko) (ma-) (act of) putting methods, equipment, pay, etc. of) hunting. intr. uzika. be for sale, appl.-ass. uziana. uzima sing. 1. life, vitality; health, vigor, aside, saving; (bank) deposit. Cf. weka. Cf. winda. sell to each other, caus.-ass. uzanya. be energy. 2. rare lifetime. — wote. one's

for sale. pass. uzwa. Cf. mwuzaji. entire lifetime. 3. full development, 609 uzimbezimbe 608 Uzungu

uzuri sing. 1. beauty, elegance. 2. decoration, uzuwiaji sing. maturity, adulthood. 4. fig. completeness, uziwi sing. see uki2 ornament; cosmetic(s). Cf. zuri. perfection. 5. fig. existence, reality. Cf. uzuzi sing.

uzohari* sing, hastiness, overhaste, rush (in jIu.

working, etc.). 1. ignorance, inexperience, uzimbezimbe sing, slackness, weakness; use- uzuzu sing. uzushi, uzuzi sing. 1. appearance, emergence. strangeness (to a place, etc.). 2. embarrass- lessness, worthlessness; impotence. Cf. uzua* see uzulu. 2. discovery, invention; innovation, novelty. zuzu. zembe. ment, perplexity. Cf. 3. rumor, gossip, ni - mtupu. That is a pure uzuhali* sing. 1. friendliness, obligingness. fabrication. Cf. zua, "zuka. uzindusho sing., rare warning, admonition. 2. gentleness, delicacy.

Cf. zindiia.

uzuiaji, uzuwiaji, uzuizi, uzuio, uzuivu sing. uzinge (ma-) (iron) armband, bracelet. Cf. 1. (act of) hindering, checking, obstructing;

zinga. hindrance, obstacle, check. 2. med. prophy-

laxis. Cf. zuia. uzingo, uzungo sing, roundness, something

round; encirclement, (astr.) orbit. Cf. uzuio, uzuivu, uzuizi sing. see uzuiaji.

zinga, zungua. vaa dress, get dressed, put on (clothes). vama lie (heavy) on, weigh down on; cut into a tight cord), go in deep, penetrate uzuka sing, state of mourning/seclusion (of a amevaa nguo ya kisasa. She wears up-to-date (e.g., of uzinzi. (as a plant into the soil), appl. vamia. 1. uzini* sing. see widow after her husband's death). Cf. zua, clothes, appl. valia. dress oneself in some- = 2. pounce on (someone), simba zuka. thing, put on something; dress elegantly/ vama. amemvamia. The lion pounced on him. uzinifu* sing, (sexual) immorality, lechery, fashionably, amevalia leo. He is wearing

lasciviousness. Cf. zini, zinifu. uzulu*, uzuru, uzua 1. remove (from a position), his best clothes today, pass, valiwa. 1. be vao (ma-) 1. clothing. 2. style of clothing/ dismiss, discharge, depose; reduce in rank, worn/shabby (of things). 2. be dressed (of sexual intercourse, dressing. vaa. uzinzi*, uzini sing, illicit demote, appl. uzulia. intr. uzulika. caus. persons), caus. visha, valisha, vika. dress Cf. = zinaa.) zini. fornication, adultery. ( Cf. uzulisha. pass, uzuliwa. refl. jiuzulu. someone, mvike mtoto nguo! Dress the

varanga (— ) rare noise, din, confused sound of resign, retire, abdicate. 2. (ma-) removal, child! int). vua, 1. undress, get undressed, (nyuzio) fish trap. dismissal, discharge, vulia. voices, us. red.: varangavaranga. interrupt, uzio deposition; abdication, strip. 2. fig. rob, plunder, inv.-appl. butt in on a conversation; introduce a discor- resignation. inv.-pass. vuliwa. inv.-intr. vuka. inv-caus. mazishi) (act, method, cost, dant note into a previously enjoyable conver- uzishi (ma-) {us. vulisha. make someone undress, inv.-ass. etc. of) burying, burial, interment. Cf. zika. uzungo sing. see uzingo. kivazi, sation. vuana. Cf. valio, vao, vazi, vulio, mavalio, mavazi, mvao, mviko, mvuo. garment, 1. heaviness, weight. 2. vazi (ma-) (us. mavazi) 1. clothing, uzito sing. fig. uzungu sing, strangeness, unusualness, mavazi ya arusi. difficulty, trouble; sorrow, depression. 3. apparel, attire, costume, novelty, peculiarity, anapenda — . He has a valia appl. of vaa. slowness, slackness; carelessness, stu- wedding apparel. 2. mil. uniform. 3.: mavazi fondness for the novel/unusual. Cf. zungu. vestments. vaa. pidity. 4. harshness, severity. 5. coll. accessory. ya misa. rel. Cf. valio (ma-) ornament, accoutrement, pregnancy. zito. Cf. vaa. ^Uzungu sing. Europe. Cf. zungu, Kizungu, Cf. vema, vyema adv. well, properly, correctly. ^Mzungu. sing., rare sea, ocean. Cf. ziwa. Cf. ema. uziwa valisha caus. of vaa. ) . )

610 611 vitakataka

vena* \_Engl. J (— ) anat. vein. vijimea pi. {dimin. of mmea) bacteria. vimbizi (ma-) overeating, stomach pains vipele pi. rash (on the skin). (- ukurutu.

(from overeating), Cf. vimba. Cf. kipele. vepa* tEngl. J (— ) vapor, steam; exhaust vijiwe plur., med. acne. Cf. kiwe. fumes. (= mvuke.) vimo auxil. v. det. vi- class be in something. vipi vika caus. of vaa. v.h. abbr. of vivi hivi, vivyo hivyo. vimoto adv. heatedly, hastily, energetically, vipo auxil. v. det. vi- class they are there. viko loc, pi. they are there. excitedly, sema — . talk excitedly /fast. via 1. be undeveloped/stunted/atrophied (used Cf. *moto. vipwa pi. reef, sandbank. Cf. pwa, kipwa. anything which has not reached the state of vikope plur.: ana — . He has bleary eyes. Cf. normally expected), mguu wake umevia. kope, kikope. vingi 1. see ingi. 2. adv. in great viringa, biringa 1. roll up, wind up. — uzi His leg is withered/deformed, chakula numbers, in abundance. katika kidonge. wind thread on a ball. kimevia. The food is underdone. 2. stand vikorokoro pi. goods, chattels, belongings; 2. become round, be rounded/curved, intr. still, stagnate, congeal, appl. vilia. stag- utensils, appurtenances. Cf. kikorokoro, vingine 1. see ingine. 2. adv. (kwa — viringika. ass. viringana. 1. be round. nate, congeal, damu imevilia ndani. The makolokolo. differently, otherwise, in another way, 2. fig. be healthy/well nourished, caus. blood has congealed, caus. viza. check the variously. viringisha. 1. make round, round off. development of something, impede, interrupt, vile 1. dem. pron.,\i- class, those, vitu — 2. twist something around. Cf. mviri- retard, kuku huyu ameviza mayai yote. This those things. 2. adv. (also vile vile) also, vinginevyo 1. see ingine. 2. adv. differ- ngano, mviringo, uviringo. hen lays only addled eggs. caus. -appl. too; likewise, in the same way. mwite AM ently, otherwise, in some other way, vizia. 1. spoil, frustrate, thwart, balk; im- vile vile. Call Ali too. shati hili lishone specially. ^virugu pi. 1. anger, excitement. 2. rough- pede, stunt. 2. waylay, ambush, be 'out to vile vile. Sew this shirt in the same way. 2 ness (of the skin). get' someone, harass. Cf. vilio, viza, fanya vile vile, follow suit. vinginyika see finginyika. mviziaji.

^virugu pi. kirugu. vilia opp/. of via. of vingirika see fingirika. vibaya adv. badly, wickedly. Cf. baya. visha caus. vaa. vilio (ma-) (us. pi.) stoppage, stagnation. — la of 1. go back and forth; loiter/loaf embroidery. vinjari* viboko plur. fancywork, fine Cf. damu. bruise, contusion. Cf. via. around; have nothing to do, be unemployed. kiboko. vita {rare zita) (— ) 1. war, battle. 2. fig. (= tangatanga.) mbona unavinjari hapa? contest, dispute, piga/fanya — . make war, ^vimba swell, swell up, expand, be swollen. Why do you keep walking up and down wage a war. leta — . attack, raid, invade, vidondo pZur. kindling. kidole nilichojiumiza kimevimba. The finger here? 2. naut. cruise, manowari ya ku- alika — . challenge to battle, declare war. that I hurt is swollen, appl. vimbia. be be on the watch, vinjari. cruiser. 3. — vya kienyeji. civil war. — kuu (kubwa) plur. necessaries, (personal) belong- vifaa swollen/bloated/stuffed; have digestive search. Cf. uvinjari. ya pili duniani. the Second World War. ings; material(s), utensils; commodities. difficulties, caus. vimbisha. caus-refl.

mchezo wa — . maneuver, kivita. kifaa. ngoma ya Cf. faa, jivimbisha. overeat, pass, vimbivva. 1. shake, swing, rock. 2. vinya, vinyavinya war dance. Cf. kivita. amekula mpaka akavimbiwa. He has eaten so crush, mash (food). 3. move back and vifijo plur. whistling, shouts (of approval), much that he has stomach trouble. vi- Cf. wag, quiver. kivinyovinyo. forth, Cf. vitakataka pi. trifles, odds and ends, mis- applause. mbizi, kivimbe, uvimbe. cellany, ana biashara ya — tu. He carries see vinya. vinyavinya on only a small retail business. Cf. taka. difficulty, ni « , . vieumu adv. hardly, with ... ,, , R •" A'imba, iimba roof/thatch (a house). (- ezeka.) It is hard to vieumu kusadiki mambo hayo. . " mv. vimbua. remove thatch. (- ezua. believe those things. Cf. gumu. 612 613 nbu

vitamini [ Engl. (-) vitamin. vongonya, vungunya (ma-) vongonya (fruit of J vue (— , ma-) clump/thicket of long grass. vulisha inv. -caus. of vaa. the mvongonya, q.v.). vitio pi. growth or swelling on the genitals. vugaza dial, close partially, put to, leave vuma 1. roar, growl, howl (wind, water, wild = rare (= kura). ( kisukumi.) vote* L Engl. J vote Cf. vo- ajar (a door). animals); hum, buzz (insects); roll, rumble

tesha, uvoteshaji. (thunder). 2. fig. be a subject of conver- vitumbuizo pi. entertainment. Cf. tumbuika. vugo (ma-) vugo (a kind of horn, musical sation/the talk of the town. 3. work hard

votesha* \_Engl. J get out the vote, conduct instrument). (carpenters, etc.). 4. lose at cards. vivi adv. — hivi. just so, in this very way. an election campaign. Cf. vote. double appl. vumilia. endure, tolerate,

vuguta dial. - vukuta. put up with; persevere, intr. vumika. be vivia, much talked about/famous/notorious. vuvia 1. blow (with the mouth), blow *vua (or — samaki) fish, (try to) catch fish. caus. vumisha. 1. make a noise, cause up. 2. coll. cheat, swindle, dupe. Cf. — kwamshipi. fish with a line (or trap). vuguvugu adj. lukewarm, tepid; stuffy (of a a commotion. 2. cause to be talked about, uvuvio. appZ. vulia. ndoana ya kuvulia. fishhook. room). Cf. uvuguvugu. make well-known/famous. 3. win at cards. Cf. vuo, 'mvuo, mvuvi, uvuvi. vumi, vumilivu, kivumi, mvumi, vivinyuka see finginyuka. vuja leak, ooze (of a liquid); be leaky, let in Cf.

water (of a roof, wall), appl. vujia. intr. 'mvumo, uvumi, uvumilivu. ^vua save, keep, preserve, get/keep out of vivu adj. 1. slow, idle, lazy; careless; lan- vujika. appl.-pass. vujiwa. leo nimevuji- trouble, intr. vuka. 1. be saved/pre-

guorous, indifferent, apathetic. 2. dull, wa. It rained in on me today. mvumatiti ) 1. vumatiti (species served; escape. 2. pass (safely) through; vumatiti, (— blunt = butu). kivivu, mvivu, of owl). 2. med. convulsions (of children). ( Cf. uvivu. cross, pass over, be ferried across, vuka

mto katika ngalawa. cross a stream in *vuka see *fuka. vivyo adv.: — hivyo. in just the same way vumba (ma-) (bad) smell of fish. an outrigger canoe, fig. nimevuka katika (as before). z taabu hii. I have overcome these difficul- vuka intr. of vua. vumbi (ma-) {also fumbi, — ) 1. dust, ties, caus. vusha & intr. -caus. vukisha. sweepings; sediment (in water), chumba *viza caus. of via. cause to cross, ferry over. Cf. kivuko, ''vuka inv.-intr. of vaa. — tele. The room is very dusty. 2. powder. mvuko, mvushaji, uvushi. 3. chaff. 4. phys. particle. Cf. kivumbi, ^viza adj. & n. (ma-): yai (la) — , — la yai. vuke (ma-) see mvuke. uvumbi. ~ spoiled/addled egg, Cf. via. *vua bail (water out of a boat; kumba).

vukizo (ma-) see fukizo. vumbika 1. cover up, hide, conceal. 2. bury vizuri adv. nicely, beautifully; properly, *vua inv. of vaa. fruit for ripening, ndizi hizi hazikuiva correctly. Cf. zuri. vukuta, fukuta {dial, vuguta) blow/work zenyewe, ni ndizi za kuvumbika. These 9 bellows. ^vua: — macho, cast a glance, raise the Cf. mvua. bananas did not ripen naturally, they were vokali* L Germ. J (—) vowel. eyes. artificially ripened. 3. bake {potatoes, vukuto (ma-) see fukuto, mfukuto. etc.). 4. fig. keep close to home, con- voliboli* LEngl.l {-) volleyball. vuata put/hold in the mouth; chew tobacco. fine to the house, double appl. vumbilia. sing, vuli (the short rainy season: vuli stir up, excite, provoke (trouble, war). volkeno* L Engl. J (—) volcano. November and December in Zanzibar). vuaza 1. cut, pierce. 2. fig. hurt, cause Cf. vumbua, pain, amevuazwa na kisu. He has been volta* \_Engl. J (— ) elec. volt, voltage. vulio (ma-) something laid aside or cast off: cut with a knife, maneno haya yamemvua- vumbu (ma-) lump (in flour, rice). za sana. These words hurt/offended him cast-off clothing; the sloughed-off skin of

very much (cut him to the quick). a snake. Cf. vaa. vunjifu 615 614 vunjifi

vunjifu adj. destructive. Cf. vunja. wa mbali sana. X. has been sent a long vumbua, zumbua uncover, bring to light; study, vundevunde adj. see vunde. way off. refl.-caus. jivurumisha. put on examine; find, invent, discover; explore, vunjilia appl. of vunja. airs, boast, brag. — nchi. explore a country. — vita, begin vunga, vunge (ma-) bunch, bundle, bale.

war. appl. vumbulia. intr, vumbuka. caus. Cf. kivunga. vuno (ma-) see mavuno. vurumai (ma-) rare disorder, destruction, vumbusha. Cf. *fumba, vumbika. chaos. vungavunga 1. break up/into small pieces, ^vuo (ma-) catch fish). {- "mvuo 2.) vutnburuka be startled (of a sleeping animal), crumble. — mkate. crumble up bread. (of 1. Cf. vuruvuru see vuru. cans, vumburusha. startle, start up, scare. 2. crumple, rumple, wrinkle (clothing).

— nguo. wrinkle up a garment. 3. con- cause, vua. ^vuo ) vuo (a medicine prepared from vari- vusha of viimi. viimn (ma-) a dull /indistinct/rnmbline' fuse, perplex. (— ous roots and herbs for use in a vapor bath noise: roar, growl, rumble, hum, buzz. vuta 1. draw, pull, drag. — makasia. row or for inhalation). Cf. vuma. vunge (ma-) see vunga. (a boat). — gari. pull a wagon. — tu-

mbako (sigara, bangi). smoke tobacco vuma) endure, vura pull/take out (of a bundle). vumilia {double appl. of vungu adj. hollow, concave. Cf. mvungu. (a cigarette, hashish). - pumzi. inhale, tolerate, put up with; persevere. Cf. vu- take a deep breath. — mtambo wa bunduki. vuru, vuruvuru adv. with a humming/whirring milivu, uvumilivu. vungunya (ma-) see vongonya. pull the trigger of a gun. — maji. draw sound (e.g., of a spinning top). water. 2. stretch, prolong, protract. vumilio (ma-) see uvumilivu. vunja 1. break {in gen.: up, through, into, — maneno. protract a speech. 3. fig. 1. stir, stir up, mix. to pieces, etc.). 2. tear down, demolish; vuruga, vurugavuruga attract, fascinate; influence, mkutano — maji. stir up/trouble water. — mkate. vumilivu adj. patient, forbearing; steadfast, spoil, damage, destroy. — nyumba. pull umevuta watu wengi sana. The meeting crumble bread. 2. disarrange, disorganize, courageous. Cf. vuma. down a house. 3.: — ungo. reach puberty, attracted a great many people. — macho. create disorder; rumple, wrinkle. — nguo. menstruate for the first time. 4. fig. in- attract attention, appl. vutia. vutia roho. excite, vumo (ma-) see vumi. terrupt, delay. — safari, interrupt a wrinkle a dress. 3. fig. stir up, struggle for breath, ass. vutana. be Cf. journey. 5. diminish, reduce. — mapesa. incite, agitate, intr. vurugika. 1. mvuta, mvuto, uvutano, uvuto, uvutaji. stirred up/mixed. 2. be decayed/decom- vuna, funa 1. gather, pick, reap, harvest. change money. 6. unfold. — kilemba. posed, ass. vurugana. Cf. mavurugano, — matunda. pick fruit. 2. fig. gain, take off a turban. 7. fig.: — moyo. dis- mavurugo, mvurugaji, mvurugu, vuruguvuru- vuvi (— ) vuvi (a large snake), profit, derive an advantage, refl. jivuna. courage, dishearten, intimidate. 8. fig.:

boast, brag, be conceited/insolent. Cf. ki- — uso. humiliate, insult publicly, appl. gu; also buruga. vuvia see vivia. vuno, majivuno, mavuno, mvunaji, uvuno. vunjia, vunjilia. appl.-pass. vunjiwa. vuruga. vunjiwa mwiko. violate a taboo, intr. vurugavuruga see vuvumka develop well, grow fast, thrive vunda spoil, sour, decompose, be high (of vunjika. Cf. vunjifi, vunjifu, kivunja- children, plants), caus. vuvumsha. (ma-) disorder, confusion. (of meat); stink, caus. vundisha & intr.-int. vunja, kivunjo, mvunja, mvunjaji, mvunjo, vuruguvurugu encourage growth or development, feed vundikiza. cause decomposition, produce uvunjaji, uvunzovunzo. Cf. vuruga. well, fatten (animals). a bad smell/stench. Cf. vunde, kivunde, = vuruma 1. vuruga. 2. caus. vurumisha, uvundo. vunjajungu (— ) see kivunjavunja. vurumiza. throw (away), hurl (a long dis- vuvuwaa 1. be lukewarm/tepid. 2. be si- lent/taciturn/reserved. 3. have no opin- tance); (fig.) send (far) away, vurumisha vunde 1. (ma-) something decomposed/pu- vunjifi adj. broken, ruined, destroyed. ions of one's own. jiwe. throw a stone, fulani amevurumish- trid/stinking; meat that has become high. Cf. vunja.

2.: vundevunde adj. cloudy, overcast.

Cf. vunda. 616 61' jibia

vuzi (ma-) (us. navuzi) body hair (armpits, vyenu see -enu.

pubic; cf. Iaika). Ava* con]., rare and. •^wadi* (— ) rare wadi (dry stream-bed);

vyeo pi. 1. see cheo. 2.: - vya juu katika ravine, defile. vya conn, vi- class: vidole — mkono. the elimu. the highest academic rank. ''wa conn. m-/wa- cl. mwalimu — darasa. fingers of the hand. the teacher of the class, watu — tnji. the ''wadi* 1. (us. appl. wadia) be high time

vyero (— ) fish trap. people of the city, mfuko — mke. the to... saa yake ya kusafiri imewadia. It is vyaa dial. see zaa. woman's purse, uzito — mzigo. the heavi- high time for him to start on his journey. vyeti* \jnd. ] pi. of cheti. ness of the burden. 2. (—) appointed time, proper time (to vyake see -ake. leave). vyetu see -etu. Mvaa (ma-) (also kiwaa, vi-) 1. spot, speck, vyako see -ako. vyo det. vi- class — vyote. whatever wafiki* be suitable/appropriate, agree, cor- (you patch (of color), nyama mwenye — . spotted/ please). respond, be the same. appl. wafikia. ass. speckled animal. 2. fig. stain, blot, blem- vyakula pi. of chakula. wafikiana. be equivalent/synonymous. ish, stigma. 3. indication, characteristic, vyoga step/tread/stamp on, trample, crush. Cf. afiki. criterion. vyamba pi. *chamba. of appl. vyogea. intr. vyogeka.

wahabu* sing., liter, god of love. burn, flame. pi. chambo. ^waa shine, gleam; blaze, vyambo of vyombo pi. of chombo. Cf. vvaka, maawio; also wawa. wahadi* (— ) see ahidi. vyanda pi. of ^chanda. vyoo pi. of choo. waadhi*, widhaa (— (also maudhia) rare ) wahed* see wahedi. sermon, speech. vyangu see — angu. vyote see —ote. = wahedi*, wahed num., rare one. ( moja.) waaidha* see aidha. vyao see —ao. vyuma pi. 1. see ^chuma. 2. coll. money.

wahedu* adv. only, solely. waama* conj. afterwards, then; further, vyaro pi. of charo. vyuo pi. of Ichuo, 2c huo. moreover. wahi* 1. be on time, be prompt; reach, arrive vyema see vena, vyura pi. of chura. (on time, at the right time), alitaka kuwahi waana pi. of mwana. gari la moshi. He wanted to reach the train

at the right time. 2. be ready (to do some-

waba* (— ) rare pestilence (us. cholera). thing), aliwahi kufanya kazi. He was = ^kipindupindu.) ( ready to work. appl. wahia. pass, wahi-

wa. Cf. uwahi. wa 1. be, become, exist. — na... be with... once a time upon fat the beginning of tales), wabadahu* conj., rare and now (introducing = ( have). — na imani. have confidence. appl. wia, wea. 1. give someone some- the body of a letter, after the salutation). waima*, waina conj., rare if not, otherwise. — nakazi. have work. — na shaka. have thing, uniwie radhi! Excuse me! 2. be ...

doubt. — na shida. have difficulty. — na to (a person), mambo haya yataniwia ma- wadhifa* (— ) rare position, job. wajadili* (— ) rare opposition, umoja. agree. — sawasawa na. be the gumu. These things will be very hard on

same as, match, correspond. 2. happen, me. See also sub wea, wia. pass. wiwa. son. - Ali. son of Ali. ^wadi* (— ) rare wajibia* appl. of wajibu. occur, palikuwa, alikuwako, palikuwako. arch, wadinasi. a well-born man (the son

of free parents). ,

akili 619 wajibu 618 wakifu

liwali. wakili* 1. represent, act as representative/ 2wali* (ma-) see wajibu* 1. sinj, duty, responsibility, task, wakala* (— ) representation; proxy, power of agent, appl. wakilia. caus. wakilisha. obligation; proper behavior (us. in amoral (ma-) Isl. saint. of attorney; appointment; agency. Cf. wa- appoint as representative/agent/deputy, walii* sense), ni — wako kuwaheshimu wazee kili. empower, authorize, commission. 2. (ma-) wako. It is your (moral) duty to respect representative, agent, deputy; (jur.) at- Iwalio (nyalio) see *nyalio 2. your parents. 2. v. be a duty, be obliga- wakati* (nyakati) 1. time (in gen.), period, torney, lawyer; fpo/Jrepresentative, dele- tory/proper, appl. wajibia. caus. waji- season. — wa mavuno. harvest time. — wa gate; (pi.) agency. — wa kutoa habari. 2walio (nyalio) see Nyalio 1. bisha. obligate, force, compel. Cf. injibu, kulala. bedtime. — wa alasiri. during the news agency. Cf. wakala, mawakili, ta- mujibu. afternoon. — huu. (during) this time. — wakali, uwakili. ^walio (nyalio) welt, weal, scar. ule. at that time, then. — ujao (upitao). wajihi* I. appear; meet (face to face), pre- the future (past). 2. point of time, fixed wakina* (— ) see akina. wallahi!*, wallai! inter j. By God! sent oneself; go to see, visit; greet, sa- time, moment. — haujafika bado. It is not

lute, appl. wajihia. ass. wajihiana. yet the right time/moment. 3. chance, op- ^wako see -ako. wallai!* see wallahi! meet (each other) face to face. 2. sing. portunity, huu ni — wako, angalia! Watch

(external) appearance, exterior, surface, out, this is your chance! wama (us. appl. wamia) 1. lie down on 2wako auxil. v. det. 1. they are there. — wa mtu (kitu). the appearance of a per- one's stomach. 2. bend over something 2. he (she, it) is there. son (thing). 3. sing, visit, reception. wake see -ake. (e.g., a fire).

wakwe pi. parents-in-law. Cf. mkwe. wajomba plur. wajomba (one's male relatives wakef*, wakf, wakfu, wakifu (— ) Isl. 1. en- wamba 1. spread/stretch over, cover. on one's mother's side). mjomba. dowment (land, money) made to a mosque, Cf. — ngoma. cover a drum with a skin. 2. be wala* conj. and not, but not, nor. wala ... trust, settlement, weka — . make an endow- cloudy /overcast/foggy, ukungu umewamba. wala. neither ... nor. Hakuweza kusema ment/bequest (to a mosque). 2.: — ya ma- wa- ^waka 1. burn, catch fire, be in flames, mti It is foggy, appl. wambia. caus. - Kiingereza - Kifaransa. He could speak kaburi. a burial plot acquired during one's unawaka upesi. Wood catches fire quickly. mbisha. Cf. kiambaza, kiwambo, mwambo, neither English nor French. lifetime. 3. rel. consecration, weka — fig., elec. taa inawaka. The lamp is uwambo; also ^amba. consecrate. Cf. uwakfu. turned on. 2. shine, gleam. 3. fig. be walahi* inter], really, indeed. - nitakwe- sing, dust from threshing/winnowing inflamed, be painful. 4. fig. be excited/ wambe nda. I will indeed go. wakf* (— ) see >kef. angry, appl. wakia. catch fire (accident- grain.

ally), caus. washa. cause to burn, set walakini* conj. but, however, nevertheless, wakfu* (—) see wakef. wambiso sing, adherence, attachment. fire to, light; (fig.) turn on (an electric notwithstanding. Cf. also lakini. 2amba. light); start (an automobile); cause pain, Cf.

wakia* (— ) ounce (unit of weight: one-six- sting, hurt, dawa hii katika kidonda ina- even, at least, at any teenth of a ratli). walau*, alau 1. adv. wamevinjari pi. the unemployed. Cf. vi- washa sana. This medicine burns/stings rate, anyhow. 2. conj., rare although. o njari, mvinjari. very much in the wound. Cf. waa, wawa, Imwako, mwasha.^uwasho. ^wakifu*, akifu 1. stop, curb, limit (prices, -. wale dem. pron. wa- cl. those, watu etc.), have a fixed price. 2. refuse, re- wamia appZ. of wama. those people. ject. appZ. wakifia. estimate, evaluate, 2waka 1. = aka. 2. lay a floor (of hard- fix the price (to charge someone), caus. Iwana auxil. v. wa- class they have. packed earth or cement) in a house. iwali* sing, (cooked) rice. - kwa nyama wakifisha. prevent, stop; reduce. — nyumba nzuri. They have pretty houses. (mchuzi) rice with meat (curry). wakaa* (— ) see wasaa. "^wakifu* (— ) see wakef. .

623 ;kua 622 wazira

lay aside, save, deposit. — fe- watani* sing, home, birthplace; native wazira* see wizara. stone, 3. mli umewayawaya. The tree is bent down country, dha. save money. — akiba. store up, keep fatherland. Cf. tania, mtani, (by its burden of fruit). 2. fig. be uncer- reserve. — wakifu. make a donation/ utani, waziri* (ma-) statesman, secretary of state, in tain, vacillate, have no firm opinions. endowment. 4. introduce, establish, put Cf. wayowayo, minister, waziri mkuu. prime minister, into effect. - sheria. put a law into effect. watu {pi. of mtu): -a walu. adj. 1, belong- premier, waziri wa ellmu (ulimaji). minis- — desturi. introduce a custom. 5. install ing to other people, other people's ter of education (agriculture), waziri wa (prop- wayo, uayo (nyayo) 1. sole of the foot. - waziri. install a minister. erty, etc.). foreign minister, (in an office). 2. (chiefly comm.) popular, 2. footprint, track, nyayo za m nyama. mambo.yanchi ngeni. 6. put off, delay, defer. — hukumu, delay people's... Jamhuri ya watu. People's minister of foreign affairs. — bila ya wi- tracks/spoor of an animal, fig. anafuata judgment, put off a trial. 7, found, open. Republic, zara, minister without portfolio. Cf. u wa- nyayo zababa yake. He is following in — duka. open a business, appl. wekea. his father's footsteps. ziri, wizara. place, etc. for someone, wekea ama- wavi (ma-) augment, of kiwavi. put, trust/rely on someone, wekea fedhn. see wazi. na. wayowayo (ma-) swaying, staggering; un- waziwazi save money for someone, appl.-ass, we- wavu (nyavu) net (in gen.), tega — , fish certainty, indecision. Cf. wayawaya. treat each with a net. keana. wekeana heshima. tanda — , spread/set a net. wazo (ma-) (us. mawazo) 1. thought, idea. respect, intr. wekeka. chakula — wa kulalia. supposi- other with rare hammock, Cf. ugavu. waza, a/.a 1. think, consider, reflect, medi- 2. opinion, view, 3. assumption, hiki kinawekeka mpaka kesho. This food tate. 2. suppose, imagine, assume, con- tion, conjecture, hypothesis. 4. reflection, wawa will keep until tomorrow, caus. wekesha, 1, itch. 2. {also intr. waka) bup, jecture, appl. wazia. think about/con- wa (kaa) katika mawazo. be lost/absorbed wekezo. Cf. *wekevu, Iweko, kiweko, smart, be inflamed/irritated; be sunburned, sider/reflect in thought. waza. on something, intr. wazika. Cf. 2uwe - caus. mweka, mwekaji, mweko, nwekaji, washa. Cf. kiwavi, *uwasho; also —a kuwazika tn. abstract, caus. wazisha. waa, kevu. 'waka. 1. get someone to think about something, —we (< wake) poss. pron. 3rd pers. sing.

put someone in a reflective frame of mind. his, her, its. mkewe. his wife. Iwekevu adj. thrifty, frugal, miserly. waya (nyaya) earthenware dish (for baking 2. (w. int. force) think over carefully, cakes). ponder. Cf. wazo, mwazaji, uwazo. wea 1. affect, concern; suit, be good for/ Cf. weka.

useful to. 2. have a claim on, be a credi- wazi, waziwazi 'wa, wia. adj. 1. opened, open; (fig.) tor of. appl. welea. Cf. ^wekevu see 2„we |(evu . 'waya* [£ng/.] (-) wire (of an electrical

overt, miango — , an open door, appliance). mashtaka waziwazi na ya kisiri. overt and wee (< wewe) rare abs. pron, 2nd pers. covert ^wekevu sing. see uelekevu. charges. 2. uncovered, kichwa — . bare- sing. you. 3 waya sing, lack of something, inability to headed. 3. fig. clear, plain; frank, can- place for putting something, afford something. Watu wengine wanashi- *weko (ma-) 1. did, sincere, (— ) madness, insanity, lunacy. maneno yake — , hayana ki- wehu* storehouse, repository ndwa kula hata ratili latu za nyama kwa storage place, ficho. He gives his opinion frankly, with- Cf. mwehu. shelf, drawer, etc.). 2. - mwaka, Wao aio ugonjwa, lakini waya. (stand, base, out concealing anything. Cf. uwazi. weka. Some people cannot consume even three uwekaji, Cf. weka 1. put, place, set, lay. — saini. sign, pounds of meat in a year, not because tayari. make ivazimu 1. madness, insanity, wa (na) — place one's signature upon. — 2 welding, tia -. they are sick, but because they cannot af- be put together. weko (ma-) metal used for mad/insane, tia — . drive mad, ingi- ready, prepare. — pamoja. ford it. overesti- to weld. liwa — , go mad, mwenye — , insane/ — chini. underestimate. — juu.

crazy person, lunatic, maniac. 2. mania, mate. 2. put down, lay aside. — mzigo. wayawaya 1. sway, stagger (under a load), wekua see ekua. hallucination, delusion. Cf. mzimu, put down a burden. — silaha. lay down be loaded down (a tree with fruit, etc.). kuzimu, zimwi. arms, surrender. — msingi. lay a corner- wekundu 624 625

wekundu sing, redness, red color. Cf. ekundu. wengi see -ingi. wezesha. empower, authorize; make it weuo sing. 1. (ritual) purification. 2. fig. possible for someone to do something. menstruation. Cf. eua. lyvele (ma-) see kiwele. wengine see -ingine. Cf. mweza, uwezekano, uwezo.

weupe sing. 1. whiteness, white/gray color. wengu (ma-) anat. spleen. (- bandama.) 2 plur. mwizi. Avele (ma-) grain of millet. Cf. mWele. 2. paleness, pallor. 3. lightness, bright- wezi of naivete, ingen- ness. 4. fig. simplicity, weni (— ) weni (medicinal plant). wi adj., arch, bad, evil, wicked. weledi* 1. (-) skill, art, ability. 2. adj. uousness, innocence. Cf. eupe. skilful, clever, adept. wenu see -enu. to) get hot, start :usi sin". bl?cknpss. black color: gloom, lwia become warm, (begin

weleka see eleka. darkness. Cf. eusi. to boil (water), seethe. wenye see -enye. welekevu sing. see uelekevu. wevi plur. of mwivi. ^wia have a claim on someone (for money wenyewe see -enyewe. owed), be a creditor, mwenye kuwia. welfeya* L Engl. J (— ) welfare, prosperity. abs. pron. 2nd pers. wewe (rare wee, weye) creditor, mwenye kuwiwa. debtor, ass. wenzi 1. plur. of mwenzi. 2. sing, friend- sing, you, wiana. owe /be indebted to each other. ship, friendliness; companionship, society, wema sing, goodness, excellence, kindness. inayowiana. math, rational number. company. namba Cf. *ema. wewedeka rare see weweseka. pass. wiwa. be in someone's debt, owe

(money). Cf. ^wa, wea, mwia, mwiwa. wenzo (nyenzo) (us. pi.) 1. lever, roller, mti wembamba sing, thinness, slenderness; weweseka, wewedeka, ewedeka talk in one's huu hauendi ila kwa nyenzo. This piece of delicacy. Cf. embamba. sleep, have nightmares; talk deliriously. wood not be moved without the help of ^wia appZ. of wa. caus. wewesesha. make one talk in one's rollers. 2. fig. (natural) resources, pro-

very sharp knife. 2 • wembe (nyembe) razor; sleep, give one nightmares. ass. t wia. ducts; raw materials. — za nchi. the wiana of prov. mtoto akililia — mpe. When a child natural resources of a country. Cf. enda. hyrax. cries for a knife, give it to him. Cf. jembe. weye rare see wewe. wibari* (-) wild rabbit,

wepesi sing. 1. lightness (in weight); ease, wembembe (— ) wild bee. 1. can, be able; be strong/well; have widhaa (ma-) see waadhi. agility (of movement, etc.). 2. speed, weza power, mtoto anaweza kuandika. The haste. Cf. epesi, upesi. (brother's wife, hus- wendelezo sing. see uendelezo. child can write. 2. neg. be ill/sick, ha- wifi (ma-) sister-in-law He has stomach trouble. band's sister). werevu sing. 1. shrewdness, cleverness; wezi tumbo. = wendo (nyendo) 1. mwendo. 2. plur.: ametuweza. He intelligence, reasoning power; acuteness, 3. overpower, overwhelm, prov. likiwika lisi- nyendo zake. coll. his character, 4. endure, bear, put wika 1. crow (a cock), penetration. 2. adroitness, adaptability. has overpowered us. day breaks whether Cf. enda. bear up under difficul- wike kutakucha. The 3. deceit, cunning, craftiness. Cf. erevu. up with. - taabu. independent/ the cock crows or not. 2. fig.: siku hizi ties, refl. jiweza. 1. be ndiye wenendo sing. see mwendo. self-control, appl. katika siasa ya Afrika Bwana X. wetu see -etu. self-sufficient. 2. have weze- anayewika. Mr. X. has recently been cre- wezea. intr. wezeka, us. intr-ass. wenga have certain foods disagree with one; ating a stir in African politics. Cf. wiko. kana. be possible/feasible, haiwezekani. weu (nyeu) open place, clearing (in a break out in a rash; (fig.) dislike, feel ab- He is in- It is impossible, hawezekani. forest). (-) week. - ujao. next week. horrence for; refuse, reject. vincible/uncontrollable/intolerable, caus. wiki* [Engl.) — jana. last week. . .

627 jdha wikiendi 626

wogofya, wogofyo (ma-, nyogofya) something wituri (-) math, odd number. Cf. witiri*, 2 threat, menace. Cf. oga, ogopa, wikiendi* LEngl. j (— ) weekend. *winda terrifying, (— ) see ubinda. shufwa. woga.

wiko (ma-) (or — la jogoo) cockcrow; ^winda 1. hunt, chase. 2. pursue, infection, contagion. fig. Iwilo sing., med. wogofya. (mawiko) the morning crowing of cocks. wogofyo see search (for), ass. windana. 1. hunt to- (= ambukizo.) pata (shikwa na) -. be in- Cf. wika. gether/in large numbers. 2. hunt/pursue fected, catch (a disease). woki (-) see uki. each other. Cf. mwindaji, uwindaji, uwindo. wilaya* (— ) district. Cf. Ulaya. 2wito sing. see mwito. wokofu sing. see wokovu. windo (ma-) see uwindo, uwindaji. Vviii nuin. Lwu. -oie -wiii, Doln. c/. kuwiii, sing. 1. rescue, deliver- mbili, uwili. **wilo (-) mold, casting. wokovu, wokofu winga drive/chase away, expel. ance, salvation. 2. reward for finding 2 lost. Cf. okoa. wima (rare ima) 1. sing, state of being up- wituri* (-) see witiri. something 1 wingi sing. 1. large number/quantity, much, right/erect/vertical/perpendicular, (fig.) a great deal. — si hoja. Quantity is not the wokozi sing. see uokozi. uprightness, honesty. 2. (— ) prop, sup- wiva see iva. important thing (= Quality is more important port, post, upright. 3. v. stand upright, be than quantity). 2. gramm. plural, —a — see ole. uwivi, uwizi) theft, wole (-) erect/vertical/straight. 4.: —a —. adj. . wivi, wizi (-) (also adj. plural. 3. majority. — zaidi. abso- upright, vertical, straight, mistari ya — robbery, burglary. Cf. iba. lute majority. Cf. ingi. de- adj., rare lying, untrue, false, vertical lines, simama — . stand upright. !wongo jealousy, (= -a uwongo.). Cf. ongopa, Cf. kiwimawima, mvvima, mwimo, uwima. wivu 1. sing, (also uwivu) envy, ceitful Avingi* LEngl. J (ma-) sport, pol. wing. jealous, spite- ^mwongo, uwongo. ill will. 2. adj. envious, wimbaji sing, (profession, manner, etc. of) ful, malicious. Cf. mwivu. wingu (ma-) cloud. — Iamvua. rain cloud. 2 see uwongo. singing. Cf. imba. Wongo sing. — la moshi. cloud of smoke, coll. pame- Iwiwa pass, of Iwa. piga — la mvua. It has rained, kumefanya wongofu sing. 1. Tightness, correctness. Iwimbi (ma-) 1. wave (in water); (mawimbj) mawingu. It is honesty. cloudy. Cf. uwingu. 2. righteousness, uprightness, surf, swell. 2. fig. excitement. Cf. *ki- 2wiwa pass, of Ava. justness, fairness, justice. 4. legal wimbi, 2kiwimbi. 3. winja pi. uwinja. of matter. 5. rel. conversion. Cf. ongoa. wizani* sing. see uzani.

Avimbi pi. of uwimbi. winji* (— ) see winchi. wonyeshano sing, showing, demonstration, wizara*, wazira (-) ministry, waziri bila ona. wa- exhibition. Cf. wimbo (nyimbo) song, hymn, anthem. — wa ya -. minister without portfolio. Cf. wino* sing. ink. — mwekundu. red ink. dini. hymn. — wa Tanganyika, the (na- ziri, uwaziri. doa la — . inkspot, blot. wonyesho (maonyesho) 1. = wonyeshano. tional) anthem of Tanganyika. Cf. imba. exhibition. 2. show, display; parade; wizi (-) see wivi. winzani* sing. see uzani. - wa biashara. commercial exhibition/ wimbombo sing, wimbombo (the 'male' of a exposition/fair. Cf. ona. sing, (also oga, -) 1. coward- pair of firesticks; cf. ulindi, upekecho). wishwa, wiswa, ushwa sing, chaff, bran. woga, uoga pusillanimity, fear. ice, faintheartedness, worodha* (-) see orodha. shikwa na, ona) -. be afraid. winchi* (rare winji) LEngl. J winch, crane, wiswa sing. see wishwa. pata (ingiwa, nervousness. windlass. 2. timidity, shyness, Cf.

2oga, ogopa. 629 yasini 628 yakama yakama

lyamini rare see 2 amini. ^yakama con]. Ika Avoto sing, warming (oneself), basking;

warmth. Cf. ^ota. yamkini*, yumkini 1. be possible/probable. nvosia*2 • * see wasia. yake -ake. intr. yamkinika. hayamkiniki. It is im- wozo sing. 1. decay, putrefaction, decompo- possible/out of the question. 2. possi- sition. — wa matunda. decay of fruit. — wa yakini* 1. {also intr. yakinika) be true/sure/ bility, probability, eventuality. 3. adj. meno. tooth decay, caries. 2. fig. decline, certain, imeyakinika ya kuwa amekufa. It possible, likely, probable. 4. adv. pos- deterioration, corruption, ruin. Cf. *oza. is certain that he is dead. appl. yakinia. *woto sing, growth, development; vegetation. sibly, perhaps. be sure about something; decide, make up Cf. iota. sing. one's mind, ameyakinia kuja kwetu. He yamo auxil. v., det. mi-, ma-, n- cl. it is/ has decided to come to us. caus. yaki- they are in there. nisha. 2. (— ) truth, certainty, definite- ness. — yahabari. the definiteness of the yana auxil. v. mi-, ma-, n- cl. has/have. report. 3. adj. true, certain, actual, defi-

nite. 4. adv. certainly, definitely, ni — yangeyange (-) ornith. (small) heron, egret. kuwa atakuja. It is certain that he is com- ya conn. 1. mi- cl. mizizi — miti. the yadumu milele... ! Long live...! Cf. 2j umu , ing, kwa — jambo hili halifai. This matter roots of the trees. 2. ma- cl. maji — mito. yangu see -angu. " is certainly not good. Cf. *kini. the water of the rivers, isolated: — nini? yahe* (— ) 1. [also ahi, aki) rare brother,

Why? — kwamba, ya kama. con], that, in friend. 2. pi. common people, rabble. yani* see yaani. yako see -ako. order that. 3. n- cl. nyumba — mwarabu.

the house of the Arab. yahom* adv., naut. straight ahead, with the yao see -ao. yakuti* (—) ruby, sapphire. - ya samawi. wind. sapphire. — ya kimanjano. topaz. maybe; about, approxi- yaa!* inter], oh! us. in the expr.: — Rabi! yapata adv. perhaps, God! Yahudi* (ma-) Jew. mately. yale dem. pron. ma- & n- cl. that, those. maneno -. those words, nyumba -. that -pi. yaani*, yani conj. that is (to say). yai, yayi (ma-) 1. egg. ute wa — . white of yapi see house. egg, albumen, kiini cha — . yolk, ganda

auxiiI. v. mi-, ma-, n- cl. it is/they yabis* see yabisi. la — . eggshell. — bichi. fresh/uncooked yapo yaliyomo, yaliomo, zilizomo pi. {lit. which are there egg. taga — . lay an egg. atamia (tamia) are within) (table of) contents (of a book). yabisi*, yabis 1. dry, hard, ardhi — . dry mayai. hatch eggs, namna ya — . egg- (- faharasa.) shaped, oval. 2. yand* (_) see yadi. earth. 2. stiff, rigid, baridi — . rheuma- fig.: mayai ya pumbu.

tism. 3. fig. inflexible, rude, difficult. anat. testicles. 3. sport nothing, zero yaliyotangulia (-) preamble, preface, pro- yasi* (-) yasi (a yellow powder used as a mtu huyu ni — sana. He is a very difficult (in giving the score of a game). logue. tangulia. Cf. cosmetic). person (to deal with). 4. v. (us. intr. ya-

bisika) be dry /hard. caus. yabisisha. yaiika yeyuka. yasim ini* (— ) see yasmini. lyamini* (-) 1. right hand. 2. fig. oath. Cf, uyabisi. — ya uwongo. perjury, apa (twaa, la, toa) J-yakama sing. 1. runoff (election). 2. ma- lyasini* interj. of scorn or disdain. What s —. swear an oath. yadi*, yard [.Engl. J (— ) yard (unit of jority, quorum. the use? Why should I? I want nothing to measure). do with it! .

zaba yasim 630 yoyomea yua 631

he (she, it) is in yetu see -etu. (us. red. yuayua) move unsteadily, yumo auxil. v. det. m- cl. ^yasini* (— ) yasini (a charm made from the yua there. 36th sura of the Koran, so-called from the wobble, waver; miss one s aim.

two Arabic letters ya and sin which appear yeye abs. pron. 3rd pers. sing, he, she, it.

yungayunga (— ) (intestinal) worm. at the beginning of the sura). yuga see yonga. yeyuka, yayuka, yaika flow, melt, dissolve, yungiyungi (-, ma-) bot. (species of) water liquefy, siagi imeyeyuka yote. The butter yugayuga see yonga. yasmini*, yasimini, jasmini (— ) jasmine. has completely melted, caus. yeyusha. lily.

he (she, it) is yatima* (ma-) orphan, nyumba ya mayatima. melt, dissolve (something); (fig.) — fulani yuko auxil. v. det. m- cl. yunifomu* [EragZ.] (-) rare uniform. orphanage. furaha. spoil someone's pleasure in some- there. thing. see -pi. — that yupi yule dem. pron. m- cl. that, mtu . lyavuyavu (ma-) anat. lung (us. of animals), yo 1. relat. pron. mi-, ma-, n- cl. 2. rare person. lights. yupo auxil. v. det. mi- cl. he (she, it) is abbr. of yako. Cf. -ako. there. yumba, yumbayumba 1. sway, stagger,

'yavuyavu (—) jellyfish. yoga (ma-) augment, of uyoga, stumble. 2. naut. roll (of ships). 3. fig. yuranimu* [Engl. J sing, uranium. be undecided, vacillate.

*yaya* \_Ind. J (ma-) (children's) nurse, yombiyombi (— ) ornith. Grosbeak weaver. yumbayumba see yumba. yusi*, yuzi [EngZ.l (ma-) youth. - wingi. (of KANU). ^yaya det.: — haya. these very things. yonga, yuga, yongayonga, yugayuga 1. move Youth Wing back and forth, swing, sway. 2. stagger, yumkini* see yamkini. walk unsteadily, appl, yongea. caus. yayi (ma-) see yai. yongesha. yayo det.: — hayo. these very things (that we have mentioned). yongayonga see yonga. yayuka see yekuka. yongo (— ) med. nettle rash, urticaria. breed, multiply, caus. zalisha. za conn, n- cl. nyumba - mji. the houses na). 1. beget, fertilize, engender. 2. assist yongoa, yongoya be carried on someone's of the city. ye 1. relat. pron. m- cl. 2. rare abbr. of in childbirth, act as midwife. 3. produce, back (e.g., initiates after the ceremony). yake. Cf. -ake. generate. Cf. zalio, Izao, zazi, kizalia, zaa (dial, vyaa) 1. beget, give birth, ame- kizao, kizazi, mzaa, mzalisha, mzaliwa, yongoya see yongoa. She has given birth to a child. yee rare - yeye. abs. pron. 3rd pers. sing. zaa mtoto. Imzao, ^mzao, mzazi, uzalishi, uzao, 2. bear fruit, miti hii imezaa sana. These he, she, it. yote see -ote. trees are bearing much fruit, appl. zalia. amemzalia mtoto. His wife has yenu see -enu. mkewe arch. ass. zaa. (arch. zaana of yowe*, iowe (— ) (also kiyowe, kiowe, vi-) borne him a child, pass, zaliwa

cry, shout, scream (esp. for help), piga — be a native of a place. yenye see -enye. zawa). be born; zaba* strike (in the face), slap. - makofi. call for help. siku ya kuzaliwa. birthday, amezaliwa box the ears. a native of this place (i.e., yenyewe see -enyewe. hapa. He is yoyomea arrive/enter with much noise and was born here), ass. zaliana (arch, zaa- confusion. .

zabadi 632 633

zabadi* (— ) musk, civet (used in making per- zaidi* 1. adv. more, in greater number. zamani*, zama 1. (— ) time, period (of time), ^zao (ma-) (us. mazao) 1. product, produc- fumes). Cf. zabidi. — ya... more than... 2. besides, in addi- age, epoch. — za kale, ancient times, an- tion, produce, yield, output. 2. offspring. tion. — yahayo. besides this, moreover. tiquity. at — za vita, the time of the war. 3. math, result, product. 4. result (in zabibu* (— ) grape, raisin — kavu. raisin. 3. (— (also increase, ) zaidana) incre- — our times/age. — zetu (hizi). alitawala gen.), taabu anayopata ni mazao ya upuuzi Cf. mzabibu. ment. — yahabari. further reports. gani? At what period did he rule? 2. adv. yake. The difficulties that he has are the earlier, long ago; already, before, nimemwo- result of his foolish behavior. Cf. zaa. zabidi* take civet (from the civet cat), pass. zaini* rare deceive, cheat, dupe, lead astray. na — . I have seen him before. Cf. kizama- zabidiwa Cf, zabadi. ni. "zao see -ao. zaKa \—) pipe-uuvvi. zabuni* bid (at an auction) appl. zabunia. zambarau* 1. (— ) zambarau (kind of plum). = zaraa* (— ) rare agriculture. ( kilimo.) intr. zabunika. pass, zabuniwa. Cf. mza- 2, adj. purple. Cf. mzambarau. 'zaka*, zakati (— ) rel. tithe (given as alms). buni.

zarambo* LPers. J (— ) zarambo (an alcohol zamburu (ma-) zamburu (kind of fish occurring distilled from palm wine). •'zaka* (— , ma-) (arch, ziaka) quiver zaburi* (— ) rel. psalm. (for in swamps). arrows). (- podo.)

zari* LPers. J (—) gold/silver braid/lace. zafarani* zafrani (—) saffron. zamu* (—) 1. (six-hour period of) duty, stint, zakati* (— ) see 2za ka. shift, turn; (period of) guard duty, watch. zartari* (—) zartari (a herb added as flavor- zafe* (— ) slipperiness, slime. mil. sentry, patrol, ngoja (shika, linda) — zake se"e -ake. ing to tea). keep watch; (mil.), stand guard/sentry. zafrani* (— ) see zafarani. 2. relief, change (of guards, etc.). — ya zako see -ako. zatiti* prepare, make ready, arrange, put in

kazi change of (work) shifts, kwa — . by order. — vyombo vya safari, prepare what zagaa* 1. shine, gleam, glitter. 2. coll. turns. zalia appl. of zaa. is needed for a journey. spread, extend, mchungwa wake umezagaa machungwa. He has very many oranges. zana* (— ) 1. apparatus, instrument, devixe; zalio (ma-) anat. placenta. Cf. zaa. zawa arch. pass, of zaa. appl. zagalia. caus. zagasha. pass, zagavva. equipment, fittings. 2. supplies. — za vita.

military supplies, munitions. 1. present, zalisha caus. of zaa. zawadi* (— , ma-) memento, keep- zagaazagaa obstruct, clutter up. — majiani. sake. 2. prize. clutter up the paths. zandiki* 1. play the hypocrite, lie, deceive. zaliwa pass, of zaa. 2. (ma-) = mzandiki. Cf. mzandiki, zawaridi* (— ) ornith. zawaridi (kind of Zahali* sing. see Zohari. uzandiki. sparrow). ^zama* (— ) see zamani.

) 1. annoyance, vexation, zahama*, zahimu (— zangefuri* (— ) see zingefuri. zazi adj. fruitful, fertile, yeye si mzazi, distress. 2. noise, uproar, confusion. ^zama 1. sink, be immersed in, plunge into; be ndio maana hawana mtoto. He/she is 3. (police-)raid. drowned, perish, fig.: — katika kitabu. be zangu see -angu. sterile, so they have no children. Cf. zaa. immersed in a book. 2. dive for something.

) see zahama. — lulu, dive for pearls, appl. zamia. caus. zahimu* (— zani* 1. (— ) (sexual) immorality, debauchery, ze abbr. of zake (see -ake). nduguze. his zamisha. sink, immerse (something); engage fornication; adultery. 2. (ma-) prostitute. brothers. ) see zaidi 2. as a driver. zaidana* (— someone Cf. mzama, mzamaji, Cf. zini. mzamia, mzamio, mzamishi, mzamisho. zebaki 634 ziba zibo 635

mercury. zibo see zebaki* (— ) quicksilver, *zeze (— ) zeze (stringed instrument similar (ma-) kizibo. zikwi rare pi. of kikwi.

to a banjo). zee adj. old, aged. Cf. kizee, mzee, uzee. zibua inv. of ziba. zilabia* (— ) see zelabi

^zeze (ma-) pod of the mzeze tree. zefe* (— ) row, line, panga — . arrange in zibuka inv.-intr. of ziba. zileile demon,di pron. n- class thos rows. *zia, zira 1. hate, detest, abhor, feel an ^zidi* 1. increase, become larger/greater/ ilebi (-) jlabi aversion for. 2. abstain from something, zege* (— ) 1. concrete, cement, matofali longer, grow, multiply. 2. exceed, out- observe a taboo, caus. ziza. forbid — . concrete blocks, piga — . mix con- zilia 1, refuse something (in a pout, ya strip, be too much for. kazi impmyicli. The fit of someone to eat certain foods, impose a crete. 2. rare dome, cupola. 3. rec. temper, etc.). 2. take amiss, be offended. work was too much for him. 3. w. foil, inf.: taboo; prescribe a diet for someone, put (arched) bridge. = 2susa.) anazidi kwenda. He is going faster/farther ( on a diet. Cf. mzio. (lit. He increased to go), azidi kujua. He zeituni* (— ) olive. mzeituni. zilizomo pi. see yaliyomo. Cf. knows better. — kufikiri (kutafuta). think ^zia drive away with fire, burn out, smoke over (search) carefully, appl. zidia. intr. zelabia*, zilabia (-) zelabia (a light pastry). out. — siafu. smoke out ants. zidika. caus. zidisha. 1. increase some- *zima put out, extinguish, quench. — moto

thing, zidisha bei. raise the price. 2. math. (taa). extinguish a fire (lamp). — njaa. zema see ema. **zia waste away, wither, shrink, languish. satisfy hunger. — kiu. quench thirst. multiply. Cf. zaidi, kizidishe, kizidisho. caus. ziza. 1. cause/allow to waste — ugomvi. settle a quarrel, appl. zimia.

zembe adj. idle, lazy, negligent. Cf. kize- away. 2. 'fig. ruin, destroy. Cf. ^kizio. extinguish something; (fig.) lose con- ^zidi*, zidio, zidisho (ma-) see ziada. uzembe; also uzimbezimbe. = mbe, mzembe, sciousness, faint ( zimia roho). pass.

ziada*, ziyada (ma-) 1. increase, increment, zimwa. inv. zimua (us. w. int. force). zidua pull out (nails, etc.), extract. zengea 1. hunt/search for. 2. observe, in- supplement, addition. 2. gain, profit. reduce the strength or intensity of some-

spect, make a tour of. — hapa hapa. See Cf. zaidi. thing, cool down, temper, dilute, etc. ziga (ma-) ziga (a vessel containing hot the sights of a locality. zimua maji ya moto. cool down hotwater. coals, for warming invalids, etc.). Cf. ma- ziaka* (ma-) arch, quiver (for arrows). zimua tembo. dilute palm wine. coll. ziga. zenu see -enu. (~ ^zaka.) kwenda kuzimua. treat a hangover by

drinking again. Cf. ^mzima, zimwe, ki- zika bury, inter; attend a funeral, siku ya ku- zenye see -enye. ziara*, ziyara (ma-) Isl. 1. grave, burial zimwe. zika. day of burial, caus. zisha. prepare place, tomb, monument. 2. place of for a burial; pay funeral expenses, Cf. ma- pilgrimage, shrine. Cf. zuru. zenyewe see -enyewe. ^zima adj. 1. entire, whole, complete, nchi ziko, mazishi, mziko, mzishi, uzishi. nzima. the entire country, mkate mzima, balsam. ziba close up, fill/stop up, plug, cork. zeri* (— ) balm, sio kipande tu. a whole loaf of bread, not ziki* (— ) white embroidered collar (of a — chupa. cork a bottle, ass. zibana & just a piece, namba nzima. math, whole kanzu). (ma-) {also kimazeru, vi-) intr. zibika. be closed/plugged/corked. zeru, zeruzeru numbers. 2. full-grown, adult, mtu mzima caus. zibisha. inv. zibua. open (up), albino. asifanye mambo ya kitoto. A grown-up per- ziko auxil. v. det. n- class they are there. uncork, inv.-appl. zibulia. inv.-intr. son does not behave like a child. 3. sound, zibuka. inv. -pass, zibuliwa. Cf. kizibo, zeruzeru (ma-) see zeru. healthy, alikuwa mgonjwa, lakini sasa zikri* (— ) see dhikiri. kizibuo, mzibo. mzima kabisa. He was ill, but now he is zetu see -etu. )

zimbaa 636 zingamana zingatia 637

quite well again. 4, live, alive, unhurt, zindika protect with a charm/magic, ward zingatia 1, remember, keep in mind. 2. off hold zio (ma-) post (used in building native samaki mzima. live fish. 5. solid, mas- evil spirits, appl. zindikia. zindiko; tight, hold on to. ulichokishika kizingatie = Cf. huts). ( nguzo.) sive, tufe nzima. a solid sphere. Cf. also zinda, zindua. huu ni ulimwengu wa kunyang'anyana. Hold

lmzima, uzima. on to what you have; it is a thievish world. ^zio (ma-) = kizio. zindiko (ma-) protective magic (us. charms Cf. mzingativu. zimbaa be surly /sullen/sulky. buried at the entrance of a house to secure zipi see pi. it from evil spirits). Cf. zindika. zingefuri*, zangefuri, singefuri, singafuri (— zimda* (— ) zimda (medicine for diarrhea). min. cinnabar. Cf. mzingefuri. zira hate, have an aversion for/grudge against. zindua take away, remove; free from a spell. ass. zirana. take a dislike to each other, zimeo (ma-) see zomeo. — usingizini. wake someone up suddenly. zingio (ma-) (act of) surrounding; (mil.) in- be at outs with each other. Cf. *zia. appl. zindulia. intr. zinduka intr.-ass. & vestment, siege. Cf. zinga. zimo auxil. v. det. n- class, they are in... zindukana. be awakened suddenly, wake zirai* lose consciousness, faint. up with a start from a sound sleep, caus. zingira appl. of zinga. zimua inv. of lzima. ztndusha. Cf. zinduo, mzinduko, uzindu- zita (— ) rare see vita.

sho; also zinda, zindika. zingizi, jingizi (— ) 1. pains at the beginning zimwe (ma- or adj.) (something) extinguished/ of menstruation. 2, pains after childbirth. zito adj. 1. heavy, mfuko mzito. a heavy

quenched/lifeless, makaa — . extinguished zinduka intr. zindua. of bag. 2. thick, dense, impenetrable. coals, nazi mazimwe. coconut without zingo (ma-) turn, twist; rotation, revolution. mwitu mzito. a dense forest. 3. difficult, meat or milk. Cf. ^zima, kizimwe. zinduo (ma-) 1. opening, inauguration. — la maji. eddy, whirlpool. Cf. zinga. troublesome, serious, swali — . a difficult = zindua. 2. zindiko. Cf. question. 4. deep, sound, usingizi mzito. zimwi (ma-) spirit, ogre, demon, prov. — li- zingua inv. of zinga. a deep sleep. 5. pregnant. Cf. uzito. kujualo halikuli likakuisha. A demon who zinga 1. turn, change, -veer (of wind, etc.).

knows you won't eat you up. Cf. kizimwi, 2. move in a circle; (fig.) wander about zinguo, zunguo (ma-) (act of) exorcizing, ziua see zua. mzimu, kuzimu, vvazimu. aimlessly, 3. encircle, surround. — mji. magic formula, charm; cure effected by

surround/invest a city, 4. roll up, wind magic. Cf. zinga. *ziwa (ma-) pond, pool, lake. Cf. uziwa. up. — uzi. wind up thread on a ball. pass. ^zina auxil. v. n- class they have.

zingwa. be surrounded, appl. zingia, zini* have illicit sexual intercourse, fornicate, ^ziwa (ma-) 1. (woman's) breast, nyonye- stat.-ass. zingamana. be twist- zingira. commit adultery (of either man or woman), ^zina* (— ) see zinaa. sha — . nurse a child. 2. rare udder ing/winding (a river, etc.), be twisted/ appl. zinia. refl.-appl. jizinia & refl.- = ( kiwele). Cf. ^maziwa. tangled, fungua kamba iliyozingamana. caus. jizinisha. indulge in debauchery, zinaa*, zina (—) sexual immorality, illicit this string is all tangled Unravel which up. lead a dissolute life. Cf. zani, zinaa, zi- sexual intercourse, fornication, adultery. ziwi adj. deaf. Cf. kiziwi, ukiziwi. inv. zingua. 1. unroll, unwind, untangle. nifu, mzinifu, uzinifu, uzinzi. = zini. ( uzinzi.) Cf. 2. free from a charm/illness (by means of ziwia rare see zuia. magic), exorcize. Cf. zingio, zingo, zi- zinifu* adj. (sexually) immoral, lecherous, zinara* (-) 1. flange, lip (of a pot, etc .). nguo, kizingia, kizingo, mazingazinga, adulterous. Cf. zini. 2. molding, cornice. 3 (embroidered) ziyada* (ma-) see ziada. mazingira, mazingiwa, mazingo, mzinga, belt. 4. naut. waterline. mzingile, mzingo, uzinge, uzingo; also zinza 1. display (goods, for sale). 2. exhib- ziyara* (— ) see ziara. zungua. it a thief or malefactor in public (to be zinda rare be hard/firm/resistant, stick fast; hissed at by the crowd). ziza caus. of *zia & *zia. be steady /steadfast/resolute. Cf. kizinda; zingamana stat.-ass. of zinga. also zindika, zindua. 638 639 zuli

zomeo, zimeo (ma-) 1. call/cry (of derision/ zubu* (-) anat. penis. (- mboo, uume.) zoeleza, 1. get someone used to lzizi (ma-) enclosure for animals: yard, lesha, disapproval). 2. war cry. Cf. zoma. something. 2. make familiar with, train, pen, fold, stable, paddock. zugezuge (ma-) imbecile, idiot, fool. break in. refl.-caus. jizoeza. train one- zonga, zongazonga 1. wind, twist, coil self, practice, make oneself familiar with 2zizi pron. n- class: - hizi these dem. (around something); (fig.) embrace, en- zuhura* (— ) astr. Venus. something. Cf. zoevu, zoezi, mazoea, very... close, surround, nyoka amezonga mti. The mazoezi, mzoea. snake has coiled itself around the tree. zuia, zuwia 1. prevent, hinder, hold back,

Izizima 1. become cool/cold, cool off. chai 2. confuse, perplex. appZ. zongea. stat.- withhold, check, restrain, limit, deter, de- ^zoea (ma-) see zoezi. hii imezizima. The tea has cooled off/is ass. zongamana. 1. be rolled up/coiled. tain. 2. support, protect, refl. jizuia.

2. be surrounded, restrain/control cold. 2. fig. be calm/collected/composed, inv. zongoa. unwind, oneself, hold back. appl. zoevu, zoefu, zoelefu adj. accustomed (to), mji umezizima. The city is perfectly quiet, unroll, inv.-stat.-caus. zongameza. zulia. intr. zuika. caus. zuiza. pass. familiar (with), experienced (in), yeye ni = moyo umezizima. be inwardly content. 1. wind/coil/tie around. 2. zongamana. zuiwa. Cf. zuio, kizuio, kizuizini, mzoevu wa hapa. He is well acquainted appl. zizimia. intr. zizimika. cans, zi- uzuiaji. with this locality. Cf. *zoea. zimisha. cool something off, make (very) zongazonga see zonga.

cold; calm down, pacify, inv. zizi- zuika intr. of zuia. (fig.) zoezi, zoea (ma-) {us. mazoezi, mazoea) mua. 1. take the chill off something, warm 1. habit, custom, familiarity. 2. instruc- zuio, zuizi, zuizo (ma-) obstruction, up, become warm. 2. (w. int. force) cool hin- tion, practice, exercize, training. Cf. zoza grumble, complain, nag. usinizoze! drance, limitation, detention; support, pro- off suddenly; (fig.) scare off. 3. fig. be tection. excited/stirred/moved. Cf. ^zima, mzi- Don't nag at me! ass. zozana. nag at Cf. zuia. each other. mzozo. zimo. Zohari*, Zahali (-) astr. Saturn. Cf. zuiwa pass, of zuia.

zua, ziua 1. make a hole, bore through, 2zizima, didima sink down, be swallowed up, zolea oppZ. of zoa. pierce, perforate. — tundu. bore a hole. zuiza caus. of zuia. disappear. appZ. zizimia. caus. zizi- 2. fig. be engrossed in something, medi- misha. Cf. mzizimi. zoleka intr. of zoa. zuizi, (ma-) tate, reflect. 3. fig. bring to light, dis- zuizo see zuio.

= cover, obtain information, find out, ascer- zo 1. relat. pron. n- class. 2. zako. zolesha caus. of zoa. appZ. tell lies tain. zulia. about someone. *zuka (ma-) ghost, apparition, vision. Cf. Cf. ako. ameniznlia. He has accused me falsely. zolewa pass, of zoa. zua, ^zuka, kizuka, mazuka, mzuka, uzuka. intr. zuka, zulika. 1. appear suddenly, zoa gather up, sweep up, pick up. - mataka- larynx, Adam's apple. emerge, pop up. (See also sub ^zuka.) taka. sweep up rubbish in a pile. appZ. zoloto* (-) anat. ^zuka {intr. of zua) appear suddenly, 2. be discovered/found out. caus. zusha, for = zolea. fagio la kuzolea. broom/brush ( kikoromeo.) emerge, pop up. vita imezuka. War has zulisha. 1. think up something, invent. sweeping up rubbish, intr. zoleka. caus. suddenly broken out. umezuka kutoka zoma rare groan (in derision/contempt), 2. fabricate, make up (and spread) lies. zolesha. pass, zolewa. wapi? Where did you come from so sud- hoot, mock. appZ. zomea. groan/hoot at ametuzusha wongo. He has made up lies denly? appl. zukia. caus. zusha. pro- someone, mock, deride, caus. zomesha. about us. Cf. Izuka, ^zuka, zulio, kizuka, duce (suddenly). Izoea be used to/in the habit of, become ac- Cf. zua, 'zuka, kizuka, zomewa. Cf. zomeo, mzomeo. kizushi, kizuu, mazuka, mzuka, mzuza, pass, mazuka, mzuka, uzuka. customed to, be familiar with. ass. zoea- mzuzi, uzuka, uzushi. na. oppZ. zolea. get used to something, zomari*, zumari (-) zomari (a kind of wood- become acclimatized, appl.-intr. zoeleka. 1 zulia* (ma-) carpet, rug. wind instrument). zubaazubaa loiter, hang around. — bure. be customary /usual, caus. zoeza, - loaf around aimlessly. zunguo 640 zungumzo 641 zuzulia

zungu adj. 1. strange, peculiar, extraordi- zunguo (ma-) see zinguo. zururuka intr. of zurura. ^zulia appl. of zua. nary, remarkable. 2. European. Cf. Imzu-

ngu, ^mzungu, kizungu, uzungu. zungusha caus. of zungua. zuruza caus. of zuru. ''zulia appl. of Zulu,

zungua 1. turn around, twist around, rotate. zungusho, zunguko (ma-) (act of) turning, re- zusha caus. of zua & ^zuka. ^zulika intr. of zua. 2. go around, encircle. 3. fig. evade, volving; turn, bend (of a river, etc.); eddy, whirlpool; avoid, intr. zunguka. 1. (w. trans, force) enclosure, fence, fencing. Cf. zuwia see zuia.

^zulika intr. of zulu. go around something, round (a corner); pa- zungua.

trol.- 2 : (intr.) revolve, rotate: (fie. ) wan- yiirn adj. inexnerienned. icrnnrnnt. fnnlish. zuri adj. beautiful, handsome, zulio (ma-) (us. mazulio) 1. false state- der about aimlessly, waste time, intr.- pretty; good, Cf. zuzua, mzuzu, uzuzu. fine, nice; excellent, ment/accusation, 2. rare information, appl. zungukia. circumvent, outwit, caus. splendid; (of food) de- licious, tasty. statement, indication; advice, notice. zungusha. 1. encircle, close in zungusha Cf. uzuri. zuzua make a fool of/play tricks on someone, zua. boma. put up a fence around something. Cf. 9 embarrass, sema maneno ya kweli usijizu- zuri*, azur (-) 1. perjury. 2. v. commit 2. turn around/round and round, rotate zae. Tell the perjury. truth and don't make a fool (something). 3. lead around, take for a ^zulisha caus. of zua. of yourself, intr. zuzuka. be fooled, be walk. 4. put someone off, keep someone, zuru* deceived/confused/at a loss. appl. zu- waiting/in suspense, zungusha maneno. 1. visit a grave. 2. (in gen.) visit, ^zulisha caus. of zulu. zulia. caus. pay a visit, zuzulisha. Cf. zuzu, mzu- talk ambiguously, caus. -ass. zungushana. amezuru nchi yetu. He has zu. paid a visit to our 1. avoid each other, keep out of each country, caus. zuruza. zulizuli* (— ) dizziness; confusion, perplexity. have pay visit, other's way, 2. keep each other waiting; someone a invite. Cf. ziaria. zulu. Cf. zuzuka intr. zuzua. (fig.) try to get the better of each other, of zurura wander around, loaf around, waste time. cheat/outwit each other. Cf. zungusho, zulu* 1. feel dizzy. 2. be confused/be- usizurure ovyo. You shouldn't just loiter kizunguzungu, mazunguko, mzunguko, mind. = wildered. — akili. go out of one's around aimlessly, intr. zururuka zurura. zuzulia appl. of zuzua. mzungushi, mzungusho; also zinga. appl. zulia. intr. zulika. caus. zulisha.

drive crazy, pass, zuliwa. be confused, zunguka intr. of zungua. be driven crazy.

zunguko (ma-) see zungusho. zuma contradict, interrupt.

zungumza 1. carry on a conversation, chat. zumaradi* (— ) see zumaridi. 2. amuse oneself, pass the time. refl.

jizungumza. 1. amuse oneself, occupy zumari* (-) see zomari. one's time. 2. take up someone else's

time. appl. zungumzia. Cf. zungumzo, zumaridi*, zumaradi [Pers.! (-) emerald. mzungumzaji.

zumbua see vumbua. zungumzo (ma-) (us. mazungumzo) conver-

sation, gossip; amusement, pastime. Cf. = zunga (—) anat. foreskin, prepuce ( govi). zungumza.

mwenye — . uncircumcised man.