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Social Studies Chapters 10 & 11 Study Guide Test Friday, February 5th

Vocabulary:

 Loyalists – people in the American colonies who wanted the colonies to remain under the control of the king of England; about 1/5 (20%) of the colonists opposed independence

 Neutralists – American colonists who did not support either side (Loyalists or Patriots) in the fight for independence; about 2/5 (40%) of the colonists were undecided

 Patriots – people in the American colonies who wanted the colonies to break away from Great Britain; about 2/5 (40%) of the colonists favored independence

Notes:

British Act Colonists Response Proclamation of 1763 – Some colonists rebelled by moving into this Britain is concerned about fighting between Native territory anyway. Many colonists became upset by Americans and colonists in the territory west of the way Britain was trying to control the colonies. the Appalachians. The Quartering Act – The colonists were angry about the Quartering Britain left soldiers in America to protect the Act. They didn’t want to pay for British troops colonist. They thought the colonists should help staying in the colonies. Many colonists treated pay the expense of having that protection, so they soldiers badly. passed a law stating that colonists must provide “quarters” (places to live), food, fuel, and transportation for British soldiers while they were in America. The Stamp Act – The colonists protested against “taxation without This act said that the colonists would have to pay a representation”. Some of them refused to buy the tax on printed papers such as newspaper, marriage stamps. Some protested in the streets and town licenses, pamphlets, and playing cards. To prove squares. Many people boycotted, or refused to that the tax was paid, almost every piece of buy, British goods. The act was eventually printed-paper would have to show a large blue repealed. stamp. The Massacre: Samuel , a leader of protests against the Crowds of angry colonists insulted and threw British, made sure that news of the massacre snowballs at a British soldier. Several more spread throughout the colonies. This caused the soldiers came and crowded around the Customs colonists to dislike the British even more. House. Someone fired a gun and within moments Although only a few people died, colonists five people were dead and six more were referred to this incident as the . wounded.

British Act Colonists Response The : Colonists were upset at being forced to purchase Britain passed a law that all tea must be bought tea from the British . Many from the British East India company and pay a refused to buy tea. Some men decided to dress up high tax on that tea. as Mohawk Indians, clam about the tea ships in , and dump the tea into the harbor. This became known as the Boston Tea Party. The : People throughout the colonies promised to help Britain wanted to punish the colonists for the Boston by sending money, food, and supplies. Boston Tea Party, so they passed several new Leaders from 12 colonies gathered to discuss laws. One law closed the Boston Harbor until all problems with Britain. This First Continental of the tea was paid for. Colonists could not Congress worked to fight the Intolerable Acts. tolerate (accept) these laws, so they called them the Intolerable Acts.

Loyalists Patriots Thomas Hutchinson: :  governor of  writer, printer inventor, scientist, and colonial  enforced British laws like the Stamp Act representative to British government  believed that King George III of England knew  tried to persuade Britain to stop making laws what was best for colonists because he had that the colonists thought were unfair experience and was wise  believed the colonists had the ability to govern themselves Jonathan Boucher: :  priest in the Church of England  writer  preached that disobeying the king was like  wrote plays and poems supporting disobeying God; feared a Patriot attack so he independence kept a loaded pistol nearby during his sermons  believed Britain was too far away to  believed a war for independence would hurt understand the colonists’ needs and daily lives people much more than living with a few bad laws Lord Dunmore: :  governor of Virginia  politician  attacked Patriots’ homes and plantations along  organized the and led the the James River in Virginia Boston Tea Party to protest unfair British taxes  believed colonists had a duty to obey British  believed the colonists should be able to elect laws and not become traitors their own governors and to have the power to change unfair laws