Dave Hewitt Cathy Higgins Ric Cochrane Executive Director, NBI Research Director, NBI Project Manager, PGL
Dave Hewitt, nbi
• NBI is a national non-profit working to • PGL functions as a programmatic field improve energy performance of office of the National Trust for Historic commercial buildings Preservation and works closely with local, • Board of Directors represent leaders in state and national partners to develop energy and green building innovative content and strategic partnerships • Sponsors include progressive utilities, PBAs, market transformation entities • Advances research that explores the and state governments value that older buildings bring to their communities • Strategic relationships with leading organizations such as National Trust for • Pioneers policy solutions that make it Historic Preservation’s Preservation easier to reuse and green older and Green Lab (PGL) historic buildings
• Existing buildings are the critical market opportunity now for significant energy savings.
• A focus on new construction strategies can only address 1-2% of the building stock each year.
• There are more than 70 billion square feet of existing commercial building space in the United States alone.
• Part of the critical path to meeting climate and energy policy goals as well as utility efficiency targets and real estate objectives.
• Need to move beyond building-by-building and widget-based approaches in a way that integrates profound energy savings into the urban fabric. • Held September 14-16, 2011 in Boulder, Colorado at the historic Hotel Boulderado
• Convened 80 national experts in critical aspects of energy efficiency in existing Photo courtesy of Fitzmartin Consulting buildings including:
• Implementation • Design “Aimed at defining the • Ownership & Management framework and tools needed to • Research & Policy support much more aggressive • Energy efficiency programs levels of efficiency in the
existing commercial building marketplace.”
. Learn from the latest case studies & research . Inform and refine efforts underway to develop tools as well as market and regulatory approaches for catalyzing deep energy savings . Connect companies, professionals and policymakers with experience in distinct disciplines of commercial real estate and energy efficiency . Develop specific and replicable solutions that successfully address market barriers . Identify strategies to accelerate deep energy savings in existing buildings throughout North America
Acknowledgements Alliance for Sustainable Colorado Energy Foundation National Trust for Historic Preservation - Preservation Green Lab Alliance to Save Energy Energy RM NYSERDA Architectural Heritage Foundation Fitzmartin Consulting Oak Ridge National Lab BC Hydro Gelfand and Partners Architects Pacific Gas & Electric Bestway Insulation, LLC Goody Clancy Architects PECI Better Bricks/NEEA Green Building Services Resource Media Cadmus Group IESRMS Rocky Mountain Institute CB Richard Ellis Joyce Foundation Sacramento Municipal Utility District City of Portland BPS K Energy/Better Bricks SERA City of Seattle Living City Block Southern California Edison Clanton & Associates M.A. Mortenson Company Southwest Energy Efficiency Projects CNT Energy McKinstry State of Illinois Commonwealth Edison Muldavin Consulting SWEEP Consulting Engineer National Grid The Kresge Foundation Crestone Partners, LLC NBBJ Architects UC Davis Energy Efficiency Center Design Alliance NEEP University of Idaho Earth Advantage Institute New Buildings Institute University of Washington Ecology Action New Jersey Institute of Technology US Department of Energy Ecotope North Atlantic Energy Advisors Wave Palo Alto Efficiency Maine NRDC Waypoint Building Group Energy Center of Wisconsin NREL Blach Intermediate School
Modernization and Additions Energy use intensity Before: 56 kBtu/ft2
After: 33 kBtu/ft2 Source: Gelfand Architects, CA
. Deep Savings are Possible . Create Solution Sets . Smaller Buildings Matter . Facilitate Financing . Learn from Leaders . Align Programs & Policies . Simplify Delivery . Leverage Trigger Points . Aggregate Buildings . Partner for Outreach & . Use Urban Strategies Training . Target Tenants
Webinar Objective: Inform – Connect - Change
Today’s Topics: 1. Market and Trends 2. Bright Spots 3. Key Topics 4. Typologies and Tools 5. Driving Change
MARKET AND TRENDS: UNDERSTANDING OPPORTUNITY Cathy Higgins, nbi . Deep: 30% minimum and 50% target savings . Retrofit: multiple measures/systems others: renovation – upgrade – change-out – TI . Energy Use Intensity (EUI): Watts/square foot/year . Ultra-low energy building: achieving maximum energy efficiency of all systems and designs . Small /medium buildings (SMB): < 50,000 square feet . Getting to Fifty TM (GT50): cutting energy use in half U.S. Commercial Non-Mall Buildings by Size
80% % of Bldgs % of Sq. Ft. % of Energy Use 70% Buildings under 50,000 SF are: 60% • 95% of the buildings 50% • 50% of the square footage • 45% of Energy Use 40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Source: nbi created from Energy Information Administration Commercial Building End-Use Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2003. Plug loads End-Use Projected Growth for the Residential and Commercial Sectors
2-29-2012 Source: Graph created by Ecova with data from EIA 2008 Annual Energy Outlook . CO2 / NO2 . Building’s price/value is flat or in decline . New Construction lagging . Renovation and Repositioning active . Tenant & corporate sustainability criteria . Energy ratings and disclosure ordinances . Stretch or reach codes . LEED – LEED - LEED
USGBC Building Performance Report thru NBI’s First View
Today’s Topics: 1. Market and Savings 2. Bright Spots
3. Key Topics Stop Waste Building, Oakland, CA 4. Typologies and Tools 5. Driving Change
BRIGHT SPOTS: LEARNING FROM LEADERS
Cathy Higgins, nbi . Verify . Document outcomes . Establish metrics . Increase confidence . Identify Lessons . Inspire / Influence
. Showcase . Individuals and Organizations
Prompt our natural interest to compare
2-29-2012 Case Study
• Office • 1-Story, 8,500 sf • Constructed in 1940 • Retrofit 2006 • EUI: 46 kBtu/sf/yr • Energy Star Rating: 99 Credit: Northern Plains Resource Council and High Plains Architects • LEED-NC Platinum • 2007 Energy Star Award
“The fact that we were able to ‘walk our talk’ has given us an advantage point as an organization.” -Teresa Erickson, Northern Plains Resource Council Mercy Corps Headquarters | Portland, OR
Renovation
• EUI 36 kBtu/sf/yr • 62% reduction from CBECS average
Photo Source: Green Building Services Mercy Corps Headquarters | Portland, OR Energy
Efficiency Measures • Variable speed compressor heat pump condensing units • Variable air volume (VAV) box with CO2 sensors • Increased insulation • Motorized clerestory National Average EUI windows to exhaust air • Low-e glazing Portfolio Manager EUI • Direct/Indirect T8 fixtures with dimmable ballasts • Daylighting controls Mercy Corp EUI Ultra-low energy building • Building Management System – controls • Commissioning
The Alliance Center | Denver, CO Overview Case Study
. Multi-Tenant nonprofit Office . 6-Story, 38,800 sf . Constructed in 1908 . Retrofit 2006 . EUI: 42 kBtu/sf/yr . Energy Star Rating: 85 . LEED EB Gold, LEED CI Silver, Energy Star Leader and Colorado Energy Champion Award Credit: Alliance for Sustainable Colorado . Owner: Alliance for Sustainable Colorado
The Alliance Center | Denver, CO Business
. Total project cost: $3.07/sq ft . Average annual energy savings: $8,800 . 35 tenants focused on advancing sustainability . Serves as a public demonstration project for advanced design strategies
Credit: Slaterpaull Architects
Case Study
• Multi-Tenant Office • 14-Story, 134,000 sf • Constructed in 1929 • Retrofit 2007 • EUI: 39 kBtu/sf/yr • Energy Star Rating: 98 • LEED EB Gold and AIA Seattle 2009 Top 10 Awards • Owner: Rose Smart Growth Credit: William Wright Photography Investment Fund
“In ten years every building will either be a brown building or a green building.” Jonathan Rose, March 2011 Efficiency Measures . Removed ducted heating systems . Recalibrated steam heating system Portfolio Mgr. EUI . Localized thermostats . Operable windows Nat. avg. EUI . Automated sunshades . Lighting retrofit with automated controls Pre-retrofit . Light shelves EUI Vance EUI . CO2 sensors Ultra-low energy . Re-commissioning building
. Building occupied during renovation . Improvement cost: $26/sq ft . Increased occupancy by 26% since renovation . Created TI guidelines for tenant
retrofits to guide design decisions Credit: Lara Swimmer for daylighting, ventilation, and finishes. The Aventine| La Jolla, CA Overview Case Study
. Multi-Tenant Office . 11-Story, 253,000 sf . Constructed in 1990 . Retrofit 2010 . EUI: 23 kBtu/sf/yr . Energy Star Rating: 100 . LEED EB Platinum Credit: Glenborough, LLC . Owner: Glenborough, LLC
The Aventine| La Jolla, CA Energy
Efficiency Measures • Replaced chiller compressors • Automated chiller controls • EPA cool roof • Lighting retrofit Nat. avg. EUI • Automated lighting controls • Daylighting: 50% daylighting views Portfolio Mgr. • Whole Building Control/Mgmt: EUI Best practice Piloting integrated energy Aventine existing information systems program EUI building 1525 Wilson Boulevard| Rosslyn, VA Overview Case Study
. Multi-Tenant Office . 12-Story, 313,000 sf . Constructed in 1987 . Retrofit 2010 . EUI: 64 kBtu/sf/yr . Energy Star Rating: 97 . 4th Place in EPA National Building Competition . Honored as one of EPA’s EnergyStar “Top Performers” in 2008, 2009, and Credit: Glenborough, LLC 2010 . Owner: Glenborough, LLC
Deep Retrofit On 3 buildings from portfolio of 3000
Savings Of 50–70% energy cost With 13% IRR
Learned 2/3 of savings came from 5 measures Across portfolio 30–50% savings for 20+% IRR
RMI Case Study, V. Olgyay Savings Strategies
• Lighting Measures: high efficiency lighting, integrated daylighting and lighting controls • HVAC: advanced systems, radiant heating / cooling, evaporative cooling, energy mgmt. controls, motorized ventilation dampers,
demand controlled (CO2) ventilation • Daylighting: integrated lighting controls, automated blinds, exterior shades, skylights • Envelope: operable windows, increased insulation, improved glazing • Controls/Monitoring/Cx: whole building monitoring, tenant- level metering, ongoing tracking, continuous commissioning (Cx) LIGHTING High efficiency lighting Daylighting Occupancy sensors / Lighting… Exterior window shading Interior window blinds Reported Light sensor controls HEATING, COOLING efficiency Energy monitoring systems High efficiency condensing boilers measures in Underfloor air distribution Evaporative cooling 22 CA High Energy recovery Other high efficiency equipment Performance Radiant floor heating VENTILATION Buildings CO2 Sensors Natural ventilation Increased ventilation rate Operable windows Night venting
SHELL Reflective roofs High performance glass Increased insulation Thermal mass
ON-SITE RENEWABLES Solar PV
0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Reported Measure Frequency (from total of 22 participants) Integrated design and multiple measures are more critical to low- energy buildings than any given technology. Readily available technologies can be applied within standard budgets. Major renovations offer a major opportunity for deep savings. Re- positioning existing buildings is currently an attractive real estate move.
Building ratings, labels and recognition were a strong influence on increased efficiency targets.
There is need for a consistent, long-term metric to measure the performance of buildings and policies. Today’s Topics: 1. Market and Savings 2. Bright Spots 3. Key Topics 4. Typologies and Tools 5. Driving Change
KEY TOPICS: THE WORK OF THE WORKING GROUPS
Cathy Higgins, nbi 1. Programs & Policy 2. Outreach, Education & Information Flow 3. Delivery Approaches 4. Urban Strategies
5. Technical Solutions / Typologies Ric Cochrane, PGL
. Establish long-term energy plans . Advance outcome-based and EB codes and compliance . Utilities / Regulators must: – value deeper savings more – remove cost effectiveness and resource cost barriers to bundled measures – maintain reliable multi-year programs – initiate on-bill financing – purchase proven/tracked savings . Consider tax modifications to stir market investment . Streamline access – reduce process side 36 2) Outreach, Education & Information Flow . Increase and standardize cost, market and finance information . Drive performance data and value . Establish green leases and tenant energy guidance . Work through trusted sources . Timing is everything – customize and target Office Plug Loads:
Best Practice Guideline nbi, ecova & others . Expand third-party models . Pursue portfolios . Establish power purchase agreements . Leverage and support leading design firms . Pilot alternative delivery and aggregation models
Ecology Action SMB Efficiency Delivery Approach Source: Peter Larsen, LBL Study, NECC Briefing Jan. 2011 . Adopt benchmarking and disclosure ordinances . Advance codes, fee-bates, density bonuses etc. . Incorporate energy into infrastructure and planning . Leverage community for aggregation . Facilitate district energy
Today’s Topics: 1. Market and Savings 2. Bright Spots 3. Key Topics 4. Typologies and Tools 5. Driving Change
5) TYPOLOGIES AND TOOLS: BUILDING CHARACTERIZATION Building Characterization: Identifying Opportunities Outreach and Marketing
Ric Cochrane, PGL
Characterizing Existing Buildings
Focus on: • Underserved building types • Buildings of interest • Buildings at risk • Market share • Repeatability of simplified guidelines Bridging the Information Gap
What do we need to know about buildings to identify deep retrofit opportunities?
How are buildings the same? What are the commonalities that enable repeatability – “rules of thumb?”
How are buildings different? What do we need to know to achieve DER in underserved buildings?
Characterization Resources
. CBECS micro-data . National characterization/segmen tation efforts . Municipal permit and building data . Architectural taxonomies . Market analysis Key Physical Variables
Things That Can’t Change Things That Can Change . Building Area . Current building use . Age . HVAC equipment . Number of floors . Major fuel source . Exterior wall construction . Lighting, refrigeration and . Percent glazing area plug loads . Glazing location . Energy consumption (Btu) . Glazing size . Roof composition . Glazing type . Freestanding versus attached . Shape . Location/Climate zone
Market Analysis
• Market conditions • Ownership and management • Financial pressures • Operations and maintenance Scorecards Building Types 51% of commercial buildings by number 33% of commercial buildings by area
1-Story Freestanding Pre-WWII Restaurant/Office/Retail Post-WWII Restaurant/Office/Retail/Grocery 1-Story Attached Pre-WWII N’hood Storefront Rows - Office/Rest/Retail Post-WWII N’hood Storefront Rows - Office/Rest/Retail Strip Mall <50K Strip Mall 50-100K 2+ Story Freestanding Post-WWII Office 2+ Story Attached Pre-WWII Main Street mixed-use Lodging Freestanding Post-WWII Motel - West Coast style Pre-WWII Boutique Hotel Post-WWII Hotel School 1-2 Story Free Pre-WWII K-12, Elementary, Junior HS, HS Post-WWII K-12, Elementary, Junior HS, HS <50K K-12, Elementary, Junior HS, HS 50-100K
National Building Survey Pilot Phase
The Green Lab and nbi will test the effectiveness of retrofit tools through strategic partnerships and determine how best to deliver deep energy savings to the target building types. Today’s Topics: 1. Market and Savings 2. Bright Spots 3. Key Topics 4. Typologies and Tools 5. Driving Change
DRIVING CHANGE: NEXT STEPS TOWARD DEEP SAVINGS
Dave Hewitt, nbi . FirstView analytical tool for existing buildings on the website soon . Largely completed prototype analysis – beginning work on the “Multi-Measure” tool . Looking for pilot projects to utilize tools . Developing proposals for funding around energy codes and policies to encourage deep savings in existing buildings . Seeking performance data and case studies for GT50
. Consolidated data repository from NBI whole-building performance projects . Used for analysis, benchmarking and integration with new tools . Primarily anonymous
. Next Summit . Deep Savings in Existing Buildings National Initiative . Network Sponsors . Strengthen Collaborations . Delivery Partners: Urban Entities, possible third- party strategies
make all buildings new buildings . City of Denver action with Alliance for Sustainable Colorado and Living City Block . RMI, NBI and True Market Solutions to announce a portfolio energy retrofit challenge . ULI announces Greenprint Center for Building Performance . CA Commercial Building ZNE Champions network prioritizes existing buildings.
. NEEA Existing Building Renewal Initiative getting ready to announce first buildings . Rocky Mountain regional group formed at the Summit – ad hoc meetings to drive deep energy savings . Energy and momentum for going deep in existing buildings . Increased collaboration and dialog . Need more bright spots!!!
Brief survey at end of webinar Access the Report: A copy of the summit report, links to resources and webinar recording are available at: www.newbuildings.org/summit