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 In May, WFP reached 2.5 million people, 73% targeted under the PRRO, including 2 million people with general food assistance, and 64,486 children under five and 27,915 pregnant and nursing women with nutrition assistance. Due to shortage in nutrition commodities impacting malnutrition for prevention and treatment interventions and interruption in food assistance for asset activities with the start Ramadan, WFP was unable to meet its intended targets.  WFP and FAO solidified their partnership in through a country-level declaration aiming to help the Government of Sudan achieve zero hunger.  WFP faces a critical 72% (USD 168 million) funding shortfall in Sudan until the end of 2017. Available stocks will deplete in 3-4 months. Without immediate funding, WFP will not have sufficient WFP Sudan funds to meet even prioritized targets. WFP Sudan is also in need of funding to ensure the continuous implementation of its Country Brief cash-based modality during the lean season from June – November.

WFP Assistance state and the micronutrient powder home fortification 6 month Support for Food Security Total Total Received and stunting reduction pilot in and and Nutrition for Conflict- Requirements (in USD) Net Funding Requirements states. Affected and Chronically (in USD) Vulnerable Populations (in USD)* WFP’s programmatic framework for protracted displacement PRRO 200808 510.3 m 141.8 m Jul 2015-Jun 2017 732 m aims to promote self-reliance of displaced persons through (70%) (69%) integrated and targeted assistance packages. Central to this *June – November 2017 strategy is a vulnerability-based targeting system – IDP Profiling – which allows for response options to be tailored to

In July 2015, WFP Sudan launched a two-year Protracted Relief different levels of vulnerability. and Recovery Operation (PRRO) 200808. The initial number of In line with WFP Strategic Objectives 1 and 2, the Zero Hunger people targeted to receive assistance was 5.2 million. In 2016, Challenge, the PRRO supports implementation of the the influx of South Sudanese refugees, the impact of El Niño, government’s humanitarian and development policies and and Jebel Marra conflict-related displacements resulted in priorities and the Humanitarian Response Plan. Through its increased food and nutrition needs, increasing the total number interventions it mainly contributes to achieve SDG2 but also of people facing acute and chronic food and nutrition insecurity supports the implementation of other SDGs, e.g. 4, 13, 16 and targeted under the PRRO by 17 percent to 6.1 million. 17.

The PRRO maintains a robust relief component (60 percent) for Total Total Received new and protracted displaced populations facing food insecurity Requirements (in USD) and malnutrition complemented by an early recovery portfolio (in USD) (40 percent). For new and longstanding internally displaced Provision of Humanitarian Air Services in Sudan persons (IDPs), WFP provides general food assistance (GFA) SO 201043 10.6 m and cash based transfers (CBTs), food assistance for assets 21.4 m Jan 2017 - Dec 2017 (50%) (FFA) or food assistance for training (FFT) activities. These diverse forms of assistance contribute to reduce gender Road infrastructure repairs in State in support of WFP and the humanitarian community for the safe passage of humanitarian cargo between the disparities between men and women by promoting equal access Republic of Sudan and the Republic of to resources, divisions of labour, decision making power and SO 201041 1.7 m access to information. WFP also provides moderate acute 2.5 m Dec 2016 – May 2018 malnutrition (MAM) treatment and prevention programmes for (68%) malnourished children and pregnant and nursing women. WFP’s school meals for school-age children in food insecure areas The PRRO is complemented by the WFP-managed United contributes to gender equality by acting as an incentive to send Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS), which provides air and keep girls enrolled in and attending school in states such as transport to humanitarian organisations flying to 40 Kassala and Red Sea States where gender disparity ratios are destinations across Sudan. the highest. WFP launched a Special Operation in December 2016 to repair Refugees are provided with GFA and nutrition assistance. a segment of the road corridor from Kosti, Sudan to Renk, Vulnerable refugees receive assistance in the form of seasonal South Sudan to ensure that WFP is able to continue providing support, nutrition assistance, food and CBTs through their emergency food and nutrition assistance to South Sudanese participation in FFA and FFT activities and school meals which communities. includes take-home entitlements to support girls' continued education. In Numbers WFP targets a higher proportion of women as food recipients 3.6 m food insecure persons (IPC Phase 3 & 4) and integrates women into community food management committees – seeing that women are often exposed to the risk 2 m acutely malnourished children under five of violence in areas of conflict and displacement and a large portion of households are led by women, burdened with added 2.5 m assisted by WFP in May 2017 responsibilities during crises. 55% 45% Additional activities implemented through trust funds include People Assisted the Safe Access to Fuel and Energy (SAFE) Initiative in Darfur, May 2017 the Joint Resilience Programme with FAO and UNICEF in Main Credit: WFP/Abdulaziz Abdulmomin Photo Caption: Students enjoy school meals in Tokar, Red Sea May 2017 State.

Country Background & Strategy Operational Updates • The number of new South Sudanese refugee arrivals entering

Sudan has reached 136,962 refugees as of May 2017 – more than the total arrivals in 2016. Estimates for new arrivals in 2017 is expected to reach 180,000 according to UNHCR. This new influx of refugees has put additional pressure on service provision in camps and settlement sites. WFP will continue to prioritize the response to the new arrivals which may require diverting assistance intended for other longer-standing and less vulnerable caseloads.

• The humanitarian corridors from Sudan have enabled WFP to transport a total of 80,133 mt to South Sudan since the opening of the first corridor in November 2014. Since the opening of the corridor to Renk in 2014, WFP has transported 68,133 mt to Upper Nile State – of this, 13,666 mt was transported in 2017 alone. WFP Sudan has also delivered 12,000 mt of food assistance from El Obeid, to Bentiu, Unity State using ten road convoys. WFP is awaiting confirmation of suitable road conditions to Aweil as rains disrupts deliveries through third corridor. WFP aims to reduce hunger and malnutrition as well as • WFP, alongside FAO and UNICEF, continued the implementation enhance communities’ resilience to shocks across Sudan. of Joint Resilience Building Project (JRP) in Kassala state To address protracted and emerging humanitarian needs comprised of health, nutrition, water and sanitation, food and short-term hunger, WFP will reinforce its emergency security and livelihood interventions reaching 263,510 people response capacities while staying focused on its longer-term (51% female; 49% male). In the four vulnerable localities vision to incrementally reduce food assistance dependency. covered by the project, stunting in children under two years of In July 2017, WFP will transition from a PRRO to an 18- age was reduced by 9 percent. The diet diversity score month ICSP which outlines the way forward for WFP increased from low to medium and households’ economic operations in Sudan beyond 2017, focusing on three areas: vulnerability, i.e. expenditure share on food items, reduced crisis response contributing to SDG 2 & 17, addressing below the severity threshold of 65 percent. Women’s malnutrition and its root causes, and resilience building. involvement in development activities and women’s participation in literacy sessions increased (1,200 women Sudan is classified a lower middle-income country by the trained in literacy and numeracy) as well as women’s presence World Bank - and is categorized as a low human and membership in development committees and local development country ranking 165 out of 188 countries in assemblies. the Human Development Index (2016 Human Development Report) with nearly 3.6 million facing food insecurity. Partnerships Sudan's global acute malnutrition rate is 16.3 percent,  In May, WFP welcomed the gift of 70 mt of dates from the according to the 2013 national nutrition survey, and chronic Kingdom of Saudi Arabia – helping reduce hunger among malnutrition rates among children remain a public health 26,000 school children in Red Sea State for a period of two issue. The 2014 Simple Spatial Surveying found 2 million months. The school meals programme, carried out in children under five are acutely malnourished annually. The partnership with the Ministry of Education, is a critical WFP Gender Inequality Index (2015) – reflecting gender-based activity in Sudan. It supports families in areas with limited inequalities in reproductive health, empowerment, and access to food, prevents school dropouts and contributes to economic activity – ranks Sudan 140 out of 159 countries – school enrolment and attendance. in comparison Mozambique ranked 139 and the Republic of  WFP and FAO signed a declaration to enhance the sustainability Congo ranked 141. and impact of country programme interventions in May. The Since the 2011 South Sudan secession, Sudan has been renewed commitment between both agencies will help push unable to fully recover after losing substantial oil output and forward recovery and resilience-building efforts that strengthen fiscal revenue. At present, Sudan’s gross domestic product food security and build on national systems and capacities. WFP growth rate stands at 3.5 percent according to the World and FAO’s partnership will also help promote nutrition security Bank. The country witnessed renewed fighting between through a life-cycle approach which provides an integrated and opposition forces – through package of nutrition-sensitive activities. summer campaigns since 2014 – in Darfur, Challenges and states, as well as increased inter-tribal fighting and crime, marring security and humanitarian • With a possible reduction in funding at this critical juncture conditions. when WFP is looking into more resilience-based activities under the Interim Country Strategic Plan (ICSP) in Sudan, WFP has been present in Sudan since 1963. interventions focusing on life-saving activities will have to be prioritized. 2016 Human Development Index: • WFP anticipates interruptions in cash-based transfer activities Population: 40.2 million 165 out of 188 will start in June 2017 due to funding shortfalls. These funding constraints will affect a wide range of vulnerable individuals – Chronic malnutrition: 38 percent Income Level: Lower middle and could also affect the first unrestricted cash project launched among children under five years in Nyala, state serving 75,000 vulnerable IDPs income expected to start in July 2017. • Normally between June and September, the rainy season hinders access and distribution, where heavy rains render roads Donors impassable. In the event that WFP is unable to fully preposition requirements or carry out advanced distributions by June, Canada, CERF, DEVCO, UK DFID, ECHO, Germany, Italy, Japan, targeted populations in these hard-to-reach areas will not be Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Switzerland and USAID forced to go without support during the lean season and will Contact info: Fadumo Tahlil ([email protected]) only be reachable again in October/November 2017. Country Director: Matthew Hollingworth WFP Sudan Country Brief Further information: www.wfp.org/countries/sudan May 2017