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Bangsawan Prampoewan Enlightened Peranakan Chinese Women from Early Twentieth Century Java
422 WacanaWacana Vol. Vol.18 No. 18 2No. (2017): 2 (2017) 422-454 Bangsawan prampoewan Enlightened Peranakan Chinese women from early twentieth century Java Didi Kwartanada ABSTRACT The end of the nineteenth century witnessed paradox among the Chinese in colonial Java. On one hand, they were prospering economically, but were nonetheless held in contempt by the Dutch, encountered legal discrimination and faced challenges if they wanted to educate their children in European schools. Their marginal position motivated them do their utmost to become “civilized subjects”, on a par with Europeans, but they were also inspired to reinvent their Chinese identity. This contribution will highlight role played by “enlightened” Chinese, the kaoem moeda bangsa Tjina. Central to this movement were the Chinese girls known to the public as bangsawan prampoewan (the noblewomen), who wrote letters the newspaper and creating a gendered public sphere. They also performed western classical music in public. Considering the inspirational impact of bangsawan prampoewan’s enlightening achievements on non-Chinese women, it is appropriate to include them into the narrative of the history of the nation’s women’s movements. KEYWORDS Chinese; women; modernity; progress; newspapers; Semarang; Surabaya; western classical music; Kartini. Didi Kwartanada studies history of the ethnic Chinese in Indonesia, especially Java. He is currently the Director of the Nation Building Foundation (NABIL) in Jakarta and is preparing a book on the history of Chinese identity cards in Indonesia. His publications include The encyclopedia of Indonesia in the Pacific War (Leiden: Brill, 2009) as co-editor and contributor, and the most recent work Tionghoa dalam keindonesiaan; Peran dan kontribusi bagi pembangunan bangsa (3 vols; Jakarta: Yayasan Nabil, 2016) as managing editor cum contributor. -
Kwee Kek Beng (Guo Keming)
Denken over de peranakan identiteit: Kwee Kek Beng (Guo Keming) Que Soei Keng (gepubliceerd in het Hua Yi blad van Maart 2009) seudoniemen: Garem (zout); Thio Boen Hiok. Geboren te Jakarta op 16 P nov 1900 en overleden te Jakarta 31 mei 1975. Gehuwd met Tee Lim Nio. Kwee was publicist en hoofdredacteur van het dagblad Sin Po (1925- 1947). Prominent intellectueel leider van de Chinese gemeenschap in Indonesië en filosoof van de Chinese stroming binnen de Indonesische filosofie. Vader van architect Kwee Hin Goan (Jakarta 4 juni 1932) en journalist-schrijver Xing-hu Kuo (Kwee Hin Houw , Jakarta 12 mei 1938). Opleiding Hollands-Chinese School (HCS) en Hollands- Chinese Kweekschool (HCK) te Jakarta. In 1922 werd hij onderwijzer aan de HCS Tanjakan Empang te Bogor, trad na vier maanden in dienst van Bin Seng (een locaal dagblad van Batavia dat net was opgericht door Tjoe Bou San) en de redactie van het Maleis-Chinese blad Sin Po. Na de dood van Tjoe Bou San in 1925 werd hij hoofdredacteur, een functie die hij tot 1947 zou behouden. Hij vertegenwoordigde evenals zijn voorganger de Chinees nationalistische stroming binnen de Chinese gemeenschap Indonesia Raya en Sin Po (Een bewerking uit de autobiografie “BLOEIENDE BRON, Een architectenleven” door Kwee Hin Goan). In oktober 1910, aan de vooravond van de Chinese revolutie tegen het Manchu- regime, verscheen in toenmalig Batavia een weekblad, “Sin Po” of “Nieuw Blad”. Een jaar later werd het omgezet in een dagblad met Razoux Kuhr, een gewezen Indo ambtenaar (Binnenlands Bestuur), als hoofdredacteur. Sin Po was vervuld van jeugdig enthousiasme en vol vuur voor de revolutionaire beweging in China onder Dr. -
1942 Skripsi
DigitalDigital RepositoryRepository UniversitasUniversitas JemberJember PERANAN PERS TIONGHOA PERANAKAN DI SURABAYA DALAM PERGERAKAN NASIONAL 1902 – 1942 SKRIPSI Oleh Saripa Haini Jumita Asmadi NIM. 090110301002 JURUSAN SEJARAH FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2015 DigitalDigital RepositoryRepository UniversitasUniversitas JemberJember PERANAN PERS TIONGHOA PERANAKAN DI SURABAYA DALAM PERGERAKAN NASIONAL 1902 – 1942 SKRIPSI Diajukan guna melengkapi tugas akhir dan memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk menyelesaikan program Studi pada Jurusan Sejarah (S1) dan mencapai gelar Sarjana Sastra. Oleh Saripa Haini Jumita Asmadi NIM. 090110301002 JURUSAN SEJARAH FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2015 DigitalDigital RepositoryRepository UniversitasUniversitas JemberJember PERNYATAAN Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : Saripa Haini Jumita Asmadi NIM : 090110301002 Menyatakan dengan sesungguhnya bahwa karya ilmiah yang berjudul “Peranan Pers Tionghoan Peranakan di Surabaya dalam Pergerakan Nasional 1902-1942” adalah benar-benar hasil karya sendiri, kecuali kutipan yang sudah saya sebutkan sumbernya, belum pernah diajukan pada institusi mana pun dan bukan karya jiplakan. Saya bertanggung jawab atas keabsahan dan kebenaran isinya sesuai dengan sikap ilmiah yang harus dijunjung tinggi. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya, tanpa ada tekanan dan paksaan dari pihak mana pun serta bersedia mendapat sanksi akademik apabila ternyata di kemudian hari pernyataan ini tidak benar. Jember, 12 Februari 2015 Yang menyatakan, Saripa Haini -
Wage Rudolf Supratman
WAGE RUDOLF SUPRATMAN Oleh : Bambang Sularto DEPARTEMEN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDA YAAN DIREKTORAT SEJARAH DAN NILAJ TRADISIONAL PROYEK INVENT ARISASI DAN DOKUMENT ASI SEJARAH NASIONAL JAKARTA 1985 Milik Depdikbud. Tidak'diperdagangkan WAGE RUDOLF SUPRATMAN Oleh: Bambang Sularto DEPARTEMEN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN DIREKTORAT SEJARAH DAN NILAI TRADISIONAL PROYEK INVENTARISASI DAN DOKUMENT ASI SEJARAH NASIONAL JAKARTA 1985 Penyunting : 1. Sutrisno Kutoyo 2. P. Wayong 3. M. Soenjata Kartadarmadja iii Gambar kulit oleh : Hafid Alibasyah iv SAMBUTAN DIREKTUR JENDERAL KEBUDAYAAN Proyek Inventarisasi dan Dokumentasi Sejarah Nasional (IDSN) yang berada pada Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisi onal, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Departemen Pendidik an dan Kebudayaan telah berhasil menerbitkan seri buku-buku biografi dan kesejarahan. Saya menyambut dengan gembira hasil penerbitan tersebut. Buku-buku tersebut dapat diselesaikan berkat adanya kerja sama antara para penulis dengan tenaga-tenaga di dalam proyek. Karena baru merupakan langkah pertama, maka dalam buku-buku hasil Proyek IDSN itu masih terdapat kelemahan dan kekurangan. Diharapkan hal itu dapat disempurnakan pada masa yang akan datang. Usaha penulisan bµku-buku ·kesejarahan wajib kita ting katkan mengingat perlunya kita untuk senantiasa memupuk, memperkaya dan memberi corak pada kebudayaan nasional dengan tetap memelihara dan membina tradisi peninggalan sejarah yang mempunyai nilai perjuangan bangsa, kebanggaan serta kemanfaatan nasional. Saya mengharapkan dengan terbitnya buku-buku -
Pramoedya Ananta Toer and China: the Transformation of a Cultural Intellectual
PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER AND CHINA: THE TRANSFORMATION OF A CULTURAL INTELLECTUAL Hong Liu As one of the most prominent writers in Indonesia, Pramoedya Ananta Toer has been at the center of a number of valuable studies which carefully document his intellectual journey and his place in modern Indonesian cultural history.* 1 It has been generally agreed that the years between 1956 and 1959 were crucial in the evolution of Pramoedya's cultural and political thinking. In an effort to trace the causes of this change, the existing literature focuses almost exclusively on Indonesia's turbulent domestic political transformation and its impact on Pramoedya; very little attention * This is an expanded version of a chapter from my doctoral dissertation, "'The China Metaphor': Indonesian Intellectuals and the PRC, 1949-1965" (Ohio University, 1995). I am indebted to William H. Frederick for his constructive and thorough comments. Charles Alexander, Donald Jordan, Benedict Anderson, Chen Xiaru, Go Gien Tjwan, Kent Mulliner, Kohar Rony, Yong Mun-Cheong, and Tsing Yuan have been helpful in shaping my understanding of the complex questions relating to China in Indonesia, for which I am grateful. Financial support for my overseas research was provided by a fellowship from the Center for International Studies at Ohio University and a grant from the Southeast Asian Council of the Association for Asian Studies, both funded by the Henry Luce Foundation. I alone, of course, am responsible for the views expressed here and any remaining errors. 1 See for example, Bahrum Rangkuti, Pramoedya Ananta Toer dan Karja Seninja (Jakarta: Gunung Agung, 1963); Savitri Scherer, "From Culture to Politics: The Writings of Pramoedya Ananta Toer" (PhD diss., Australian National University, 1981); Mohamad Zamri bin Shaari, "Sebuah Analisa Kebahasaan terhadap Bumi Manusia Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer" (PhD diss., Universitas Nasional Indonesia, 1985); and A. -
A LIFE UNDER THREE FLAGS by Peter Liang Tek
A LIFE UNDER THREE FLAGS By Peter Liang Tek Sun ii Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History At the University of Western Sydney, March, 2008 I thank my Heavenly Father in Jesus Christ very much for this great opportunity to study for the Ph.D. degree with the University of Western Sydney; and for His blessing to me that I may remain alive during the dysentery epidemic, the Second World War and during the dangerous accidents which have happened to me. I had to take a break from finishing this thesis between year 2000 and 2003 because of a heart attack after having some hard times in the Indonesian Presbyterian Church, Randwick, Sydney. Praise the Lord that I now have the strength and courage to finish it as I had hoped before. I am grateful to Elizabeth T.H. Tan, Winny, Abrams, Adela, Alvin, Caroline and Amanda for their support. May God bless them forever. iii To the memory of my beloved late parents: Father SUN SENG TJAY Mother KWA ROSE NIO Who have taken good care of me with love and sacrifice, Especially when I was suffering from Dysentery, Typhus and Eye disease. iv To my loving wife Elizabeth T.H.Tan, and my devoted sons and daughters : Abrams H. Dj. Sun Liana H.L. Sun Lucia H.L. Sun Winny H.B. Sun Loeki H.K. Sun Leo H.L. Sun Benjamin H.Tj. Sun Who all have given me moral support and are eagerly awaiting the result of my thesis. v A LIFE UNDER THREE FLAGS Contents Growing up in the Dutch East Indies, 1919-1942 11 Experiencing War and Japanese Occupation, 1942-1945 83 Making a Life in a Time of Revolution, 1945-1949 131 Turbulent National Politics and Personal Business 176 during the Sukarno Era, 1950-1966 Conclusion 243 Abbreviations 246 Bibliography 250 vi BIOGRAPHICAL SUMMARY The author was born on 2 October 1919, in Cilimus, Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. -
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422 WacanaWacana Vol. Vol.18 No. 18 2No. (2017): 2 (2017) 422-454 Didi Kwartanada, Bangsawan prampoewan 423 Bangsawan prampoewan Enlightened Peranakan Chinese women from early twentieth century Java Didi Kwartanada ABSTRACT The end of the nineteenth century witnessed paradox among the Chinese in colonial Java. On one hand, they were prospering economically, but were nonetheless held in contempt by the Dutch, encountered legal discrimination and faced challenges if they wanted to educate their children in European schools. Their marginal position motivated them do their utmost to become “civilized subjects”, on a par with Europeans, but they were also inspired to reinvent their Chinese identity. This contribution will highlight role played by “enlightened” Chinese, the kaoem moeda bangsa Tjina. Central to this movement were the Chinese girls known to the public as bangsawan prampoewan (the noblewomen), who wrote letters the newspaper and creating a gendered public sphere. They also performed western classical music in public. Considering the inspirational impact of bangsawan prampoewan’s enlightening achievements on non-Chinese women, it is appropriate to include them into the narrative of the history of the nation’s women’s movements. KEYWORDS Chinese; women; modernity; progress; newspapers; Semarang; Surabaya; western classical music; Kartini. Didi Kwartanada studies history of the ethnic Chinese in Indonesia, especially Java. He is currently the Director of the Nation Building Foundation (NABIL) in Jakarta and is preparing a book on the history of Chinese identity cards in Indonesia. His publications include The encyclopedia of Indonesia in the Pacific War (Leiden: Brill, 2009) as co-editor and contributor, and the most recent work Tionghoa dalam keindonesiaan; Peran dan kontribusi bagi pembangunan bangsa (3 vols; Jakarta: Yayasan Nabil, 2016) as managing editor cum contributor. -
BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Lagu Kebangsaan
BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Lagu kebangsaan merupakan lagu yang diakui untuk menjadi suatu lagu resmi serta simbol suatu negara atau daerah. Lagu kebangsaan dapat membentuk identitas nasional suatu negara dan dapat digunakan sebagai ekspresi dalam menunjukkan nasionalisme dan patriotisme. Lagu kebangsaan diakui oleh konstitusi, undang-undang, ataupun tanpa hukum resmi dari pemerintah yang mengatur dan hanya berdasar pada konsesi1 masyarakat saja2. Lagu Indonesia Raya mulanya sebagai lagu perjuangan yang kemudian diangkat menjadi lagu kebangsaan dan disebut juga sebagai musik fungsional. Fungsi bersifat upacara lebih ditonjolkan dari pada nilai estetisnya, dimaksudkan secara seremonial tidak selalu harus memenuhi persyaratan teknik komposisi musik yang sempurna seperti karya musik simponi. Ahli ilmu jiwa massa mengatakan lemahnya lagu kebangsaan tidak hanya ditinjau dari komposisi musik, tetapi juga daya tariknya yang mampu membangkitkan semangat terutama makna yang terkandung dalam syair lagu itu3. Terciptanya lagu Indonesia Raya dimulai dengan sikap patriot W.R. Supratman seorang nasionalis, wartawan, dan seniman yang tergugah hatinya, setelah membaca sebuah artikel dalam surat kabar Fajar Asia, artikel itu menyebutkan “siapa yang dapat menciptakan lagu Kebangsaan Indonesia Raya yang dapat membangkitkan semangat rakyat”. Artikel yang semula dimuat dalam majalah Timboel terbit di Yogyakarta, kemudian dikutip oleh surat 1 Konsesi adalah pemberian hak, izin, atau tanah oleh pemerintah, perusahaan, individu, atau entitas legal lainnya. 2 Rudiyanto, Arief. 2016. STUDI ANALISIS TENTANG NILAI-NILAI KEBANGSAAN DALAM LAGU KEBANGSAAN INDONESIA RAYA, Skripsi. Semarang: Universitas Negeri Semarang, hlm. 21. 3 Mintargo Wisnu, 2012. KONTINUITAS DAN PERUBAHAN MAKNA LAGU KEBANGSAAN INDONESIA RAYA, Jurnal, Universitas Gadjah Mada, hlm 309. kabar Fajar Asia pimpinan H. Agus Salim. Artikel itu dibaca Supratman dan mengilhaminya dalam mempersatukan pemuda Indonesia lewat lagu ciptaannya. -
Iccis 2017 Program Book
Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia August 22 – 24, 2017 ICCIS 2017 PROGRAM BOOK “CHINA’S IMPACT ON SOUTHEAST ASIA AND ITS DIASPORIC COMMUNITIES: PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE” FACULTY OF HUMANITIE S UNIVERSITAS INDONESI A DEPOK, 2017 ICCIS 2017 PROGRAM BOOK “CHINA’S IMPACT ON S OUTHEAST ASIA AND ITS DIASPORIC CO MMUNITIES: PAST, PRESE NT, FUTURE ” August 22 – 24, 2017 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHINESE INDONESIA STUDIES FACULTY OF HUMANITIE S UNIVERSITAS INDONESI A DEPOK, 2017 ICCIS 2017 PROGRAM BOOK 2017. Website: http://iccisfib.ui.ac.id Committee of ICCIS 2017 Patron: Dr. Adrianus L.G. Waworuntu, M.A., Dean of Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia Person in Charge: Dr. Ali Akbar, M.Hum, Manager of Research and Community Service, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia International Advisory Board 1. Prof. Shi Xueqin (Department of Southeast Asian studies, Xiamen University, China) 2. Prof. Masutani Satoshi (Rikkyo University, Japan) 3. Dr. Thock Ker Pong (Department of Chinese Studies, Univ. Of Malaya) Steering Committee & Reviewer: 1. Manneke Budiman, Ph.D 2. Prof. Dr. Susanto Zuhdi 3. Prof. Dr. Hermina Sutami 4. Prof. Riris K. Toha Sarumpaet, Ph.D 5. Nurni W. Wuryandari, Ph.D. 6. Iwan Fridolin, M.Hum. 7. Christine Tala Bachrun, M.A. 8. Dr. Setefanus Suprajitno Conference Director: Dr. R. Tuty Nur Mutia E. Muas Vice Director: Uti Aryanti, M.Hum. Secretaries: Conference & Proceeding: • Hana Nurul Hasanah, M.Hum. • Nita Madona Sulanti, M.A. • Dewi Resminingayu, M.A. • Najwa Abdullah, M.A. Treasurers: • Moch. Aviandy, M.Hum. • Assa Rahmawati Kabul, M.Hum. Accommodation and Consumption: • Hatmi Idris, M.A. • Lily Sagita Tjahjadi, Ph.D. -
Downloaded from Brill.Com09/30/2021 11:32:49AM Via Free Access 54 Tanasaldy
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 173 (2017) 53–82 bki brill.com/bki Legacy of the Past Chinese Indonesian Sporting Achievements During the Sukarno Era Taufiq Tanasaldy* School of Humanities, University of Tasmania [email protected] Abstract In contemporary times, Chinese Indonesian participation in sport is primarily associ- ated with badminton. Less well known, however, is the prominent role Chinese Indone- sians played—before the advent of the New Order—on the wider Indonesian sports scene. For many years they maintained an almost absolute domination in weightlifting and basketball, while enjoying prominence in water sports, lawn tennis, table tennis, and further sports disciplines. This article aims to investigate the determinants influ- encing their prominent role on the Indonesian sports scene during those periods. It will examine the colonial roots—the prevailing economic and socio-political system inherent to the Dutch East Indies—that might have provided a foundational basis for their significant performance in later years. The article will also investigate the political environment manifest during the Sukarno era—one that facilitated Chinese Indone- sians’ enthusiastic participation and achievement in sport.The study is based primarily on official documentation, the print media, as well as the testimonies and insights of more than a dozen former Chinese sports champions—now mostly in their seven- ties. Keywords sports history – Chinese Indonesians – colonial legacy – Sukarno era * The author would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by pt Inti Cakra Anugrah (Jakarta). © taufiq tanasaldy, 2017 | doi: 10.1163/22134379-17301003 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License (cc-by-nc 4.0). -
Dr Oen Boen Ing Patriot Doctor, Social Activist, and Doctor of the Poor
WacanaRavando Vol. Lie18 ,No. Dr Oen2 (2017): Boen 455-484 Ing 455 Dr Oen Boen Ing Patriot doctor, social activist, and doctor of the poor Ravando Lie ABSTRACT This article examines the efforts and achievements of Oen Boen Ing, a Tionghoa doctor, to improve the quality of health of the poorer inhabitants of Surakarta. Dr Oen played an important role in five different periods: Dutch colonialism, the Japanese occupation, the Indonesian revolution, Soekarno’s regime, and Suharto’s New Order. Known for being a benevolent doctor, activist, and patriot of the revolution during his life-time, Dr Oen also gave medical assistance to the needy, which famously earned him the accolade of “doctor of the poor”. During the Indonesian revolution, Dr Oen assisted the Student Soldiers (Tentara Pelajar) and afterwards was appointed the member of Supreme Advisory Council (Dewan Pertimbangan Agung/DPA) by Soekarno in 1949. As a benevolent doctor and activist, Dr Oen is remembered for founding the Panti Kosala Hospital which was renamed to perpetuate his name on 30 October 1983, exactly a year after his passing. When he died, thousands of peoples gathered to pay their final respects to the doctor. He was honoured with a ceremony conducted in the Mangkunegaran Palace. Dr Oen’s name will be eternally respected, especially in Surakarta. KEYWORDS Oen Boen Ing; social doctor; Tionghoa; Mangkunegaran; Panti Kosala. INTRODUCTION1 Thousands of people flocked towards the Panti Kosala Hospital at Kandangsapi, Surakarta on 31 October 1982. Jalan Brigjend Katamso was already crammed with a sea of people. They had been gathering since early 1 The biography of Dr Oen (Ravando Lie 2017) will be launched by Penerbit Buku Kompas in Solo on 3 March 2017. -
Kung Yung Pao,The Only Daily Newspaper for the Ethnic Chinese in Java During Japanese Occupation
TSUDA Koji TSUDA Koji is an Associate Professor at the Department of Cultural Anthropology, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo. He obtained a Ph.D. (Anthropology) from the University of Tokyo in 2008. His expertise is in the ethnography of contemporary ethnic Chinese societies in Southeast Asia, especially in Indonesia, and currently his research scope is broadened to include historical experiences of the same societies. His publications include: “The Legal and Cultural Status of Chinese Temples in ‘ Contemporary Java,” Asian Ethnicity 13(4): 389-398 (2012), “Systematizing Chinese ’ ‘ ’ Religion : The Challenges of Three-teaching Organizations in Contemporary Indonesia,” DORISEA Working Paper Series (18): 1-15 (2015), The Ethnography of “Chineseness”: Fieldwork in a Local Town in Indonesia in the Era of Changing Order (Sekaishisosha, 2011) [『「華人性」の民族誌―体制転換期インドネシアの地方 都市のフィールドから』( 世界思想社 , 2011)]. His recent co-edited works include: A Japanese Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas (Maruzen Publishing, 2017) [『華 僑華人の事典』( 丸善出版 , 2017)] , Nation and Heroes: The Dynamism of Modern Indonesian Society (Mokuseisha, 2017) [『「国家英雄」が映すインドネシア』( 木犀 - I - 社 , 2017)], Describing “Something Chinese”: Anthropological Analysis based on an Action-Centered Approach (Fukyosha, 2016) [『「華人」という描線―行為実践の 場からの人類学的アプローチ』 ( 風響社 , 2016)]. - II - Contents Abstract..................................................................................................... 1 Introduction..............................................................................................