Vinyar Tengwar Index
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VINYAR TENGWAR INDEX Version 1.02 – February 2006 This index lists in alphabetical order all words, roots, affixes, etc. belonging to languages invented by J.R.R. Tolkien which appear attested, discussed or mentioned in the journal Vinyar Tengwar (VT). Its purpose is to provide the researcher with quick access to a reference, or to allow focusing on a particular form by checking it against other locations where information can be found. The information here gathered comprises only the bibliographical position of forms: only issue and page numbers are given, without the least of analyses. Neither meaning nor morphology are given. Different forms that a word can adopt (by declension, etc.) are not unified: e.g., each form of the entu, ensi, enta declension in VT36:8 has been given a separate entry. Not even homophones are distinguished: e.g., all attestations of a word written esse (pronoun in VT36:8 and noun in VT45:12) are placed under the same entry. The criterion for inclusion is rather generous. The index lists not only direct attestation, which would be straightforward transcription of Tolkien’s text where the form is given, but also any other occasion where in one way or another reference is made to forms because of their linguistic interest, whether it is directly attested, discussed or used for comparison with other forms. The index is therefore larger than might have been otherwise, but we hope that its thoroughness makes up for size. Hypothetical forms, not actually present in the Tolkienian corpus, have also been included, when they are mentioned as explanations of attested forms, for the sake of analogy, in order to point erroneous forms, etc. (e.g., *assa-t-ʒō in VT36:25, **airelya in VT43:9, etc.)1. Forms are given with the exact spelling as they appear in VT. No attempt has been made to regularize such well-known cases as the equivalence of c and k in Q(u)enya, the use of diaeresis, etc. etc. There is a simple reason for this, related to the one that refrained the compiler from going into deeper analysis: whereas forms as printed impose a limited but coherent method, any analysis and standarization necessitates decisions of various kinds, that can only be idiosincratic and lead to prologues even longer than this one. Besides, VT articles usually seem to quote printed forms with the same spelling as its sources (e.g., the HTM), and it seemed that following the same policy was only fair. Finally, even a short familiarity with Tolkienian linguistics should suffice for this not to mean a problem: for instance, it has not been deemed necessary to make cross-references between alcar and alkar. However, some criteria unavoidable for giving this work some cohesion are as follows: • The use of capitals is meaningful in many cases. Tolkien obviously uses them for marking names, but also for roots, and sometimes for more specific reasons (as highlighting a strengthened consonant in laS-ē, VT39:9). These cases have been distinguished here; fortuitous use of capitals at the beginning of a sentence is only indicated by means of alternative spellings in the same entry (e.g. aire / Aire). • The following symbols have been retained: * (asterisk for unattested forms) - (hyphen for endingless forms, radicals, affixes, endings, morpheme analysis, etc.), · (raised dot separating articles and morphemes; forms with hyphens and raised dots have not been split here), () (brackets for optional sounds), √ (root), etc. Symbols like ? (dubious form) or † (poetic of archaic) have been disregarded. • Forms clearly indicated as roots and bases (without considering further differences between these) have been unified, whether marked by capitals, hyphen, asterisk or √ symbol (e.g., √kam / *KAM / KAM / √KAM). 1 Unfortunately, the editor and contributors to VT usually employ and asterisk (*) to mark non attested forms. This is not objectable in itself, but coincides with Tolkien’s use of this symbol to mark historic forms, so that only context can tell the former from the latter. No effort has been made here to make a distinction between them. 1 • Unfinished or evidently erroneous forms have been added without comment (e.g., ke in VT42:32 is no more than some incomplete form of kemen). • Some very common forms with English affixes have been included, like Feanorian. Not that they can do much harm any more. • Entries are given in strict alphabetical order. Special characters lead to some inconsistency: ʒ is placed after h; ð and þ together with dh and th; æ and œ are placed like ae and oe; no distinction is made between ŋ and ñ, which are placed after n; ǝ is placed at the end; χ stands for ch; variants like đ, , , etc. are considered only variants of other characters. Symbols mentioned in the second item above are not taken into account in the alphabetical arrangement. • Brackets in page references are used when one page gives information about a specific form without mentioning it as given in the entry. Typically, this happens with analytical occurences like assi-nta-s in VT36:25, against attested assintas (not mentioned in that page). This system is also used for forms such as milye, which is only implied in (a)milye (VT47:26-7, etc.). • Editorial errata are included, but the correct form (which is also given a separate entry) is mentioned between brackets, according to the list compiled by Per Lindberg in http://www.elvish.org/errata/ (Vinyar Tengwar section – it is usally necessary to refer to that list in order to understand syntetic referencies in this index). S. Berto’s message (http://groups.yahoo.com/group/lambengolmor/message/753) was also used to list some hyphenated forms in VT45 and VT46. This version of the index covers the following sections: • VT36 pp. 5-6, 34 ‘Letters to VT’; pp. 7-29 ‘The Entu, Ensi, Enta Declension’. • VT39: pp. 4-20 ‘From Quendi and Eldar, Appendix D’; pp. 21-34 ‘Ósanwe-kenta’. • VT40: pp. 6-32 ‘Narqelion and the Early Lexicons’. • VT41 pp. 3-4 ‘Letters to VT’; pp. 5-6 ‘Etymological Notes on the Ósanwe-kenta’; pp. 7-10 ‘From The Shibboleth of Fëanor’. • VT42 pp. 3-4 ‘Letters to VT’; pp. 5-31 ‘The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor’; pp. 32-4 ‘Negation in Quenya’. • VT43: pp. 5-38 ‘Words of Joy’ (Part One). • VT44 p. 4 ‘Letters to VT’; pp. 5-20 ‘Words of Joy’ (Part Two); pp. 21-30 ‘Ae Adar Nín’; pp. 31-38 ‘Alcar mi Tarmenel na Erun’. • VT45: pp. 3-38 ‘Addenda and Corrigenda’ (Part One). • VT46: pp. 3-23 ‘Addenda and Corrigenda’ (Part Two); pp. 28-9 ‘Appendix II: Inserted slips’. • VT47: pp. 3-42 ‘Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals – Part I’. • VT48: pp. 4-34 ‘Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals – Part II’. These, broadly speaking, include most of the linguistic information published in VT for the first time. Previous issues ad other sections will be included some day (?). Also, the index is being updated as new issues appear. PERSONAL NOTE: I started working on this index as a private tool for systematizing information, complementary to any other research project. It eventually grew and required so much time and effort that I was advised to turn it into a public tool, so I revised the whole and tried to give it some cohesion, which is the system explained in the introduction. If the finished index does in any way help other people who want to gain a better insight of Tolkien’s linguistic creations, the effort will be rewarded. I myself have found it extremely useful, both while compiling in and afterwards as a tool proper. Last but not least, I wish to thank Helios de Rosario Martínez, Imrahil, for his valuable advice concerning various technical aspects of the work; and especially Enrique Esteban Mombello, whose 2 generous courage accomplished the astonishing task of developing the Argentia Roman font, used throughout this work, so that even the least diacritic mark is pleaced where Eru meant it to be. ERRORS – this index cannot but contain many: missing forms and wrong transcriptions for one; inconsistencies regarding the self-imposed criteria; or mistakes in the criteria themselves. It has been revised repeatedly, and each time it has come out modified. I will thank those readers who detect such errors and instead of dumping the whole jots them down and email me, so that some day this becomes a really useful tool. Comments about the approach to this kind of task are of particular interest. Hláford Diego A. Seguí [email protected] June 2005 / February 2006 a / A VT43 8-9, 13, 17-8, 23, Adleitho VT45 27 ailissen VT36 26 30; VT44 12-3, 15, 18, 22, 30; adlenc VT45 27 aimaktu VT40 14 VT47 31 Adorn VT42 8, 15 aimaktur VT40 14 a- VT39 34; VT40 22; VT45 5, Adunaic VT42 17 aina / Aina VT43 6, 14, 27, 32; 36; VT46 17 Adûnaic VT42 9 VT44 5, 7, 17-8 -a VT36 23, 29; VT40 9-10; Ae VT44 21-2 Aina Faire VT44 12, 17 VT41 16; VT43 14, 38 a·e VT44 22 aini / Aini VT36 13; VT43 27, A / A- VT45 5, 36; VT46 17, 20 Aeglos VT42 11, 28 32; VT44 5 á VT43 10-1, 14-5, 17-8, 23, 27- Aegnor VT41 19 Ainu VT36 13; VT43 32 8, 32; VT44 7, 10, 20 aer VT44 21, 24 Ainulindale VT36 20 aՆ VT43 17, 22 aerlinn VT44 24 Ainur VT39 24, 31; VT43 6, 14, ab- VT43 (18) Aeros VT45 15 32 AB- VT43 18-9; VT45 5 afarch VT45 5, 36 AIR- VT43 38 ab(a)- VT43 18 Afor VT45 5 aira VT43 11, 14, 38; VT45 13 √aba / *ABA VT42 32-3; VT43 Agathurush VT42 9 aire / Aire VT43 8-12, 14, 26-8, 18 aglar VT43 37; VT47 13 32, 37-8; VT44 18, 24; VT45 abar VT47 13, 24 aglareb VT48 17 13 ABAR- VT45 5; VT47 21 ah VT43 30 airë / Airë VT43 12, 14, 27, 38 ÁBĀR- VT45 5 aha- VT48 20 Airë Tári VT43 14 *abaro VT47 13, 24 ahamar VT48 20 airëa VT43 14 ab(a)sene- VT43 18-9 ai VT43 13; VT44