DOCSLIB.ORG

World Report 2009 Book

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Report 2009 Book HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH WORLD REPORT 2009 EVENTS OF 2008 Copyright © 2009 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN-13: 978-1-58322-858-6 Front cover photo: A young man enters South Africa on the Zimbabwe-South Africa border. © 2007 Dirk-Jan Visser Cover and book design by Rafael Jiménez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor Avenue des Gaulois, 7 New York, NY 10118-3299 USA 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +1 212 290 4700 Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009 Fax: +1 212 736 1300 Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., 64-66 Rue de Lausanne Suite 500 1201 Geneva, Switzerland Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +41 22 738 0481 Tel: +1 202 612 4321 Fax: +41 22 738 1791 Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor 10178 Berlin, Germany London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10 Tel: +44 20 7713 1995 Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (0) 1 43 59 55 35 Fax: +33 (0) 1 43 59 55 22 [email protected] www.hrw.org Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. WORLD REPORT 2009 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH Human Rights Watch is one of the world’s leading independent organizations dedicated to defending and protecting human rights. By focusing international attention where human rights are violated, we give voice to the oppressed and hold oppressors accountable for their crimes. Our rigorous, objective investigations and strategic, targeted advocacy build intense pressure for action and raise the cost of human rights abuse. For 30 years, Human Rights Watch has worked tenaciously to lay the legal and moral groundwork for deep-rooted change and has fought to bring greater justice and security to people around the world. Human Rights Watch began in 1978 with the founding of its Europe and Central Asia division (then known as Helsinki Watch). Today, it also includes divisions covering Africa, the Americas, Asia, and the Middle East and North Africa; a United States program; thematic divisions or programs on arms, business and human rights, children’s rights, HIV/AIDS and human rights, international justice, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender rights, refugees, terrorism/counterterrorism, and women’s rights; and an emergencies program. It maintains offices in Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, and Washington DC, and field presences in around a dozen more locations globally. Human Rights Watch is an independent, nongovernmental organization, supported by contributions from private individuals and foundations worldwide. It accepts no government funds, directly or indirectly. HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH The staff includes Kenneth Roth, Executive Director; Michele Alexander, Development and Outreach Director; Clive Baldwin, Senior Legal Advisor; Carroll Bogert, Associate Director; Emma Daly, Communications Director; Ian Gorvin, Senior Program Officer; Barbara Guglielmo, Finance and Administration Director; Peggy Hicks, Global Advocacy Director; Iain Levine, Program Director; Andrew Mawson, Deputy Program Director; Suzanne Nossel, Chief Operating Officer; Dinah PoKempner, General Counsel; Aisling Reidy, Senior Legal Advisor; James Ross, Legal and Policy Director; Joseph Saunders, Deputy Program Director; and Minky Worden, Media Director. The division directors of Human Rights Watch are Brad Adams, Asia; Joseph Amon, HIV/AIDS and Human Rights; John Biaggi, International Film Festival; Peter Bouckaert, Emergencies; Holly Cartner, Europe and Central Asia; Richard Dicker, International Justice; David Fathi, United States; Bill Frelick, Refugees; Georgette Gagnon, Africa; Arvind Ganesan, Business and Human Rights; Liesl Gerntholtz, Women’s Rights; Steve Goose, Arms; Scott Long, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights; Joanne Mariner, Terrorism/Counterterrorism; José Miguel Vivanco, Americas; Lois Whitman, Children’s Rights; and Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East and North Africa. The advocacy directors of Human Rights Watch are Steve Crawshaw, United Nations– New York; Juliette De Rivero, United Nations—Geneva; Jean-Marie Fardeau, Paris; Marianne Heuwagen, Berlin; Lotte Leicht, European Union; Tom Porteous, London; and Tom Malinowski, Washington DC. The members of the board of directors are Jane Olson, Chair, Bruce J. Klatsky, Vice Chair, Sid Sheinberg, Vice Chair, John J. Studzinski, Vice Chair, Louise Arbour, Lloyd Axworthy, Jorge Castañeda, Geoffrey Cowan, Tony Elliott, Hassan Elmasry, Michael G. Fisch, Michael E. Gellert, Richard J. Goldstone, James F. Hoge, Jr., Wendy Keys, Robert Kissane, Joanne Leedom-Ackerman, Susan Manilow, Kati Marton, Linda Mason, Barry Meyer, Pat Mitchell, Joel Motley, Catherine Powell, Sigrid Rausing, Victoria Riskin, Shelley Rubin, Kevin P. Ryan, Jean-Louis Servan-Schreiber, Darian W. Swig, John R. Taylor, Shibley Telhami, Catherine Zennström. Emeritus board members are Robert L. Bernstein, Founding Chair, 1979-1997, Jonathan F. Fanton, Chair, 1998-2003, Lisa Anderson, David M. Brown, William D. Carmichael, Dorothy Cullman, Adrian W. DeWind, Edith Everett, Vartan Gregorian, Alice H. Henkin, Stephen L. Kass, Marina Pinto Kaufman, Josh Mailman, Samuel K. Murumba, Peter Osnos, Kathleen Peratis, Bruce Rabb, Orville Schell, Gary Sick, and Malcolm B. Smith. WORLD REPORT 2009 Acknowledgments A compilation of this magnitude requires contribution from a large number of people, including most of the Human Rights Watch staff. The contributors were: Fred Abrahams, Pema Abrahams, Brad Adams, Paola Adriazola, Chris Albin-Lackey, Susie Alegre, Henrik Alffram, Nada Ali, Joseph Amon, Leeam Azulay-Yagev, Laurie Ball, Nadia Barhoum, Clarisa Bencomo, Andrea Berg, Helene Blary, Jackie Bornstein, Sebastian Brett, Selena Brewer, Cynthia Brown, Jane Buchanan, David Buchbinder, Maria Burnett, Elizabeth Calvin, Juliana Cano Nieto, Holly Cartner, Haleh Chahrokh, Grace Choi, Jonathan Cohen, Sara Colm, Tanya Cooper, Steve Crawshaw, Kiran D’Amico, Sara Darehshori, Jennifer Daskal, Juliette De Rivero, Farida Deif, Fernando Delgado, Rachel Denber, Alison Des Forges, Thodleen Dessources, Richard Dicker, Corinne Dufka, Andrej Dynko, Dahlia El Zein, Elizabeth Evenson, Jean-Marie Fardeau, Alice Farmer, David Fathi, Jamie Fellner, Conor Fortune, Bill Frelick, Chloë Fussell, Georgette Gagnon, Arvind Ganesan, Meenakshi Ganguly, Liesl Gerntholtz, Neela Ghoshal, Brent Giannotta, Thomas Gilchrist, Allison Gill, Sebastian Gillioz, Giorgi Gogia, Eric Goldstein, Veronika Szente Goldston, Steve Goose, Ian Gorvin, Brian Griffey, Eric Guttschuss, Julia Hall, Ali Hasan Dayan, Leslie Haskell, Angela Heimburger, Jehanne Henry, Marianne Heuwagen, Peggy Hicks, Nadim Houry, Claire Ivers, Pamela Jao, Rafael Jiménez, Tiseke Kasambala, Elise Keppler, Carolyn Kindelan, Juliane Kippenberg, Kennji Kizuka, Sonya Kleshik, Kathryn Koonce, Charu Lata Hogg, Leslie Lefkow, Lotte Leicht, Iain Levine, Maria Lisitsyna, Joseph Logan, Tanya Lokshina, Scott Long, Anna Lopriore, Tom Malinowski, Joanne Mariner, Abigail Marshak, Sarah Mathewson, David Mathieson, Veronica Matushaj, Andrew Mawson, Maria McFarland, Megan McLemore, Omid Memarian, Rikky Minyuku, Lisa Misol, Marianne Møllmann, Ashoka Mukpo, Jim Murphy, Zama Coursen Neff, Stephanie Neider, Carolyn Norris, Alison Parker, Elaine Pearson, Sasha Petrov, Sunai Phasuk, Carol Pier, Tom Porteous, McKenzie Price, Mia Psorn, Ayla Qadeer, Ben Rawlence, Meg Reber, Emina Redzic, Rachel Reid, Aisling Reidy, Meghan Rhoad, Sophie Richardson, Lisa Rimli, James Ross, Kenneth Roth, Joe Saunders, Ida Sawyer, Matthew Schaaf, Rebecca Schleifer, Kay Seok, Jeffrey Severson, Kavita Shah, Bede Sheppard, Emma Sinclair-Webb, Param-Preet Singh, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Ole Solvang, Alexandra South, Mickey Spiegel, Nik Steinberg, Joe Stork, Rania Suidan, Stacy Sullivan, Jude Sunderland, Tamara Taraciuk, Sarah Tofte, Geoff Traugh, Simone Troller, Wanda Troszczynska-van Genderen, Bill Van Esveld, Anneke Van Woudenberg, Nisha Varia, Jose Miguel Vivanco, Igor Vorontsov, Benjamin Ward, Lois Whitman, Sarah Leah Whitson, Christoph Wilcke, Daniel Wilkinson, Nicholas Wood, Kreshnik Zhega, Iwona Zielinska. Ian Gorvin edited the report with assistance from Iain Levine, Andrew Mawson, and Joe Saunders. Dahlia El Zein coordinated the editing process. Layout and production were coordinated by Grace Choi and Rafael Jiménez, with assistance from Anna Lopriore, Veronica Matushaj, and Jim Murphy. Leeam Azulay-Yagev, Jonathan Cohen, Dahlia El Zein, Conor Fortune, Chloë Fussell, Thomas Gilchrist, Brian Griffey, Carolyn Kindelan, Kennji Kizuka, Kathryn Koonce, Mignon Lamia, Abigail Marshak, Ashoka Mukpo, Stephanie Neider, McKenzie Price, and Alexandra South proofread the report. For a full list of Human Rights Watch staff, please go to our website: www.hrw.org/about/info/staff.html. WORLD REPORT 2009 Table of Contents Taking Back the Initiative from the Human Rights Spoilers 1 by Kenneth Roth Africa 33
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Perceptions of the Impact of Informal Peace Education Training in Uganda
    International School for Humanities and Social Sciences Prins Hendrikkade 189-B 1011 TD Amsterdam The Netherlands Masters Thesis for the MSc Programme International Development Studies Field Research carried out in Uganda 30th January - 27th May 2006 Teaching Peace – Transforming Conflict? Exploring Participants’ Perceptions of the Impact of Informal Peace Education Training in Uganda Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed. (Constitution of UNESCO, 1945) First Supervisor: Prof. Dr. G.C.A. Junne Second Supervisor: Dr. M. Novelli Anika May Student Number: 0430129 Email: [email protected] Table of Contents Acknowledgements 4 Abstract 5 Chapter One: Introduction – Subject of Research 6 1.1 Purpose of the Study 8 1.2 Research Questions 9 1.3 Relevance of the Study 9 1.4 Structure of Thesis 12 Chapter Two: Background of the Research/Research Setting 14 2.1 Violence and Conflict in the History of Uganda 14 2.2 The Legacy of Violence in Ugandan Society 18 2.2.1 The Present State of Human Rights and Violence in Uganda 18 2.2.2 Contemporary Ugandan Conflicts 20 2.2.2.1 The Case of Acholiland 20 2.2.2.2 The Case of Karamoja 22 2.2.3 Beyond the Public Eye – The Issue of Gender-Based Domestic Violence in Uganda 23 Chapter Three: Theoretical Framework - Peace Education 25 3.1 The Ultimate Goal: a Peaceful Society 25 3.1.1 Defining Peace 26 3.1.2 Defining a Peaceful Society 27 3.2 Education for Peace: Using Education to Create a Peaceful Society 29 3.2.1 A Short History of Peace Education
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge Sovereignty Among African Cattle Herders
    Knowledge Sovereignty ‘This ground-breaking ethnography of Beni-Amer pastoralists in the Horn of Africa shows how a partnership of conventional science and local indigenous knowledge can generate a hybrid knowledge system which underpins a productive cattle economy. This has implications for sustainable pastoral development around the world.’ Knowledge Jeremy Swift, Emeritus Fellow, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex ‘Indigenous knowledge and the sovereignty issues addressed in the book are hallmarks to Sovereignty recognize African cattle herders and also to use this knowledge to mitigate climate change and appreciate the resilience of these herders. The book will be a major resource for students, researchers among and policy makers in Africa and worldwide.’ Mitiku Haile, Professor of Soil Science and Sustainable Land Management, Mekelle University ‘This important book arrives at a key moment of climate and food security challenges. Fre deploys among African great wisdom in writing about the wisdom of traditional pastoralists, which – refl ecting the way complex natural systems really work – has been tested through history, and remains capable of future evolution. The more general lesson is that both land, and ideas, should be a common treasury.’ Cattle African Cattle Herders Cattle African Robert Biel, Senior Lecturer, the Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL Beni-Amer cattle owners in the western part of the Horn of Africa are not only masters in cattle Herders breeding, they are also knowledge sovereign, in terms of owning productive genes of cattle and the cognitive knowledge base crucial to sustainable development. The strong bonds between the Beni- Amer, their animals, and their environment constitute the basis of their ways of knowing, and much of their knowledge system is built on experience and embedded in their cultural practices.
    [Show full text]
  • Survival Strategies of the Northern Paiute a Thesis Submitted in Parti
    University of Nevada, Reno Persistence in Aurora, Nevada: Survival Strategies of the Northern Paiute A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology By Lauren Walkling Dr. Carolyn White/Thesis Advisor May 2018 THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by LAUREN WALKLING Entitled Persistence in Aurora, Nevada: Survival Strategies of the Northern Paiute be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Carolyn L White, Ph.D., Advisor Sarah Cowie, Ph.D, Committee Member Meredith Oda, Ph.D., Graduate School Representative David W. Zeh, Ph.D., Dean, Graduate School May, 2018 i Abstract Negotiation and agency are crucial topics of discussion, especially in areas of colonial and cultural entanglement in relation to indigenous groups. Studies of agency explore the changes, or lack thereof, in material culture use and expression in response to colonial intrusion and cultural entanglement. Agency studies, based on dominance and resistance, use material and documentary evidence on varying scales of analysis, such as group and individual scales. Agency also discusses how social aspects including gender, race, and socioeconomic status affect decision making practices. One alternative framework to this dichotomy is that of persistence, a framework that focuses on how identity and cultural practices were modified or preserved as they were passed on (Panich 2013: 107; Silliman 2009: 212). Using the definition of persistence as discussed by Lee Panich (2013), archaeological evidence surveyed from a group of historic Paiute sites located outside of the mining town, Aurora, Nevada, and historical documentation will be used to track potential persistence tactics.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origin of the Maasai and Kindred African Tribes and of Bornean Tribes
    ct (MEMO' 5(t(I1MET• fiAltOtOHHE4GfO HATHOl\-ASMTAi\f 0E\I1l: HALF MAti AtSO '''fJ1nFHH> \.,/i1'~ NUT. t1At~ Bl~t),WHO HEAD OF· PROPElS HIM:. ENtiAt 5ftFwITI'f ("ufCn MATr4OR, (OW ~F f1AA~AI PLATE: .0'\. PREFACE. The research with which this review deals having been entirely carried out here in Central Africa, far away from all centres of science, the writer is only too well aware that his work must shown signs of the inadequacy of the material for reference at his disposal. He has been obliged to rely entirely on such literature as he could get out from Home, and, in this respect, being obliged for the most psrt to base his selection on the scanty information supplied by publishers' catalogues, he has often had many disappointments when, after months of waiting, the books eventually arrived. That in consequence certain errors may have found their way into the following pages is quite posaible, but he ventures to believe that they are neither many nor of great importance to the subject as a whole. With regard to linguistic comparisons, these have been confined within restricted limits, and the writer has only been able to make comparison with Hebrew, though possibly Aramaic and other Semitic dialects might have carried him further. As there is no Hebrew type in this country he has not been able to give the Hebrew words in their original character as he should have wished. All the quotations from Capt. M. Merker in the following pages are translations of the writer; he is aware that it would have been more correct to have given them in the original German, but in this case they would have been of little value to the majority of the readers of this Journal in Kenya.
    [Show full text]
  • Appropriation and Resistance Mechanisms in (Post-) Colonial Constellations of Actors
    Appropriation and Resistance Mechanisms in (Post-) Colonial Constellations of Actors The Latin American Frontiers in the 18th and 19th Century Stefan Rinke/Mónika Contreras Saiz/Lasse Hölck SFB-Governance Working Paper Series • No. 30 • June 2012 DFG Sonderforschungsbereich 700 Governance in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit - Neue Formen des Regierens? DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance? SFB-Governance Working Paper Series Edited by the Research Center (SFB) 700 “Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance?” The SFB-Governance Working Paper Series serves to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publication to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Paper Series should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright remains with the authors. Copyright for this issue: Stefan Rinke/Mónika Contreras Saiz/Lasse Hölck Editorial assistance and production: Tanja Kilper/Sophie Perl All SFB-Governance Working Papers can be downloaded free of charge from our website www.sfb-governance.de/en/ publikationen or ordered in print via e-mail to [email protected]. Rinke, Stefan/Contreras Saiz, Mónika/Hölck, Lasse 2012: Appropriation and Resistance Mechanisms in (Post-) Colonial Con- stellations of Actors. The Latin American Frontiers in the 18th and 19th Century, SFB-Governance Working Paper Series, No. 30, Research Center (SFB) 700, Berlin, June 2012 ISSN 1864-1024 (Internet) ISSN 1863-6896 (Print) This publication has been funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Freie Universität Berlin Alfried-Krupp-Haus Berlin Binger Straße 40 14197 Berlin Germany Phone: +49-30-838 58502 Fax: +49-30-838 58540 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sfb-governance.de SFB-Governance Working Paper Series • No.
    [Show full text]
  • The University of Chicago Circuits of Empire: The
    THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO CIRCUITS OF EMPIRE: THE CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH AND THE MAKING OF AMERICA’S PACIFIC A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY MINYONG LEE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS JUNE 2018 To My Loving Parents, Lee Jae Eun and Yim You Kyoung TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................ v Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................. vii List of Figures .................................................................................................................................................... ix Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 Chapter 1. Colonizing the Pacific: Indigenous Labor and the Settler Colonial Societies in California and Hawaii After 1848 .................................................................................................................................... 27 1.1. California before 1848: Indians, Kanakas, and Settlers .................................................................. 31 1.2. Anglo-American Settler Colonialism and the Freedom to Move in California........................... 38 1.3. The California Gold
    [Show full text]
  • Policies and Strategies to Address the Vulnerability of Pastoralists in Sub-Saharan Africa Nikola Rass
    Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative Policies and Strategies to Address the Vulnerability of Pastoralists in Sub-Saharan Africa Nikola Rass A Living from Livestock PPLPI Working Paper No. 37 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface................................................................................................................iv Abbreviations ........................................................................................................ v 1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................. 1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 1 Pastoralism in Sub-Saharan Africa............................................................................. 1 The Vulnerability of Pastoral Livelihoods .................................................................... 2 Risk Management Policies/Strategies ......................................................................... 2 Diversification and Exit Strategies ............................................................................ 4 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................... 5 2. Introduction and Rationale ..................................................................................... 6 3. Pastoralism in East and West Africa........................................................................... 7 3.1 Definition of Pastoralism/Agro-Pastoralism ............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • We Are Refugees in Our Own Homeland": Land Dispossession and Resettlement Challenges in Post-Conflict Eso,T Uganda
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 6-2014 "We are Refugees in Our Own Homeland": Land Dispossession and Resettlement Challenges in Post-Conflict eso,T Uganda Matt Kandel Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/234 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] “We Are Refugees in Our Own Homeland”: Land Dispossession and Resettlement Challenges in Post-Conflict Teso, Uganda By Matthew Kandel A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, the City University of New York 2014 ii This manuscript has been read and accepted by the Graduate Faculty in Cultural Anthropology in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Matt Kandel Date Chair of Examining Committee Donald Robotham Date Executive Officer Gerald Creed Ida Susser Marc Edelman John Collins The City University of New York iii ©2014 Matt Kandel All Rights Reserved iv Abstract “We Are Refugees in Our Own Homeland”: Land Dispossession and Resettlement Challenges in Post-Conflict Teso by Matt Kandel Adviser: Donald Robotham This dissertation is based off of fieldwork that I conducted in post-conflict Teso region in northeastern Uganda from 2012-2013. It focuses primarily on land dispossession and challenges to resettlement.
    [Show full text]
  • The Changing Dimensions of Cattle Rustling in Teso Sub
    KENYATTA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY, ARCHAEOLOGY AND POLITICAL STUDIES THE GENESIS, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACT OF CATTLE RUSTLING IN TESO SUB-REGION, 1600-2001: A CASE OF KATAKWI DISTRICT, UGANDA. BY JOHN AMODOI OKOBOI A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILLOSOPHY IN HISTORY OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY JUNE 2016 ii DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University. Signature: .................................................................. DATE: .................................. John Amodoi Okoboi BA/ED (HONS), MED – (C82/15722/05) Supervisors: This work was submitted for examination with our approval as University Supervisors. 1. Signature: ................................................ Date: ............................................. Prof. Samson Omwoyo Department of Social Studies, Religion and Community Development, Maasai Mara University. 2. Signature: ................................................ Date: ............................................. Dr. Pius W. Kakai Department of History, Archaeology and Political Studies, Kenyatta University. iii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my wife, Rebecca Okoboi, for the painful emotional stress she went through in the early years of our marriage. Tears rolled down her cheeks and she stood by my side at the time I nearly died in 1984. “Be strong, for the fruits of your suffering are here.” iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the first place, I do appreciate from the bottom of my heart, the role played by the management of Kyambogo University and Kenyatta University for signing a memorandum of understanding that enabled me to register for Doctoral study in Kenyatta University. Even when I missed the opportunity for a Fulbright Scholarship, I found this a consolation.
    [Show full text]
  • Women Involvement in Cattle Rustling Between the Marakwet and the Pokot Communities of North-Western Kenya
    UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL WORK WOMEN INVOLVEMENT IN CATTLE RUSTLING BETWEEN THE MARAKWET AND THE POKOT COMMUNITIES OF NORTH-WESTERN KENYA DAVID MWOLE KIMAIYO A THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN SOCIOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 2016 i DECLARATION I, the undersigned, declare that this is my original work and has not been presented in any other institution or forum for any other award or favour prior to this declaration. Signature:………………………………… Date…………………………………... David Mwole Kimaiyo, Reg. No. C80/92861/2013 This thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as the university supervisors: Signature:……………………………………….. Date: ………………………….…… Prof. Octavian Nyaga Gakuru Signature:……………………………………….. Date: ………………………….…… Dr Beneah Manyuru Mutsotso ii TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION .................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... ix LIST OF PLATES .............................................................................................................. x ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Pastoralism and Mobility in Drylands
    DRAFT 9 (26 MARCH 03) GLOBAL DRYLANDS IMPERATIVE CHALLENGE PAPER PASTORALISM AND MOBILITY IN DRYLANDS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Nomadic pastoralists and the dryland ecosystems they occupy form a critically important but little known livelihood system. Pastoralists have been ill-served by development policies and actions so far, since planners have almost without exception tried to convert the pastoralists into something else, judged more modern, more progressive and more productive. Happily this is now changing, as researchers and planners revise their ideas and identify a new development agenda. Many of these changes have resulted from successfully listening to herders themselves. On closer study, many widely believed ideas about pastoralists turn out to be myths without logical or factual basis, grounded in large part on ignorance and prejudice. A more realistic vision of future pastoralism envisages a flourishing economy, with well- educated and successful pastoral producers, no longer marginalised from mainstream society. To achieve this, we need for new policies about: • the basic structure of the pastoral economy: a ranching model will not be successful; • pastoral population growth: in many cases an overflow channel for herders who want to leave pastoralism is needed, so that pastoral populations can regain flexibility in relation to the natural resources that sustain them; • managing natural resources to give priority to pastoralism where that is justified; • improving natural resource tenure to remove present ambiguities and strengthen corporate tenure; • improving pastoral productivity; • providing more efficient markets, and encouraging pastoralists to identify and produce for particular markets; • providing services including education and health, often through a mix of mobile and static facilities; • providing financial services such as credit, savings, hire purchase and insurance, in forms adapted to a nomadic lifestyle; • developing risk management plans, and ways to reduce conflict; • improving pastoral governance.
    [Show full text]
  • Annex a Compendium of Country Studies
    Rapid Evidence Review Impacts............................................................... 23 Response ............................................................ 24 Livelihoods and Markets in Protracted Conflict: A Review of Evidence and Practice Outcomes and effectiveness.............................. 24 Annexes References and sources ......................................... 25 Key sources ........................................................ 25 May 2021 Other literature .................................................. 25 Steve Wiggins, Simon Levine, Mary Allen, Maha Appendices ............................................................ 26 Elsamahi, Vaidehi Krishnan, Irina Mosel and Neema Patel Appendix 1: a timeline of Darfur conflict ........... 26 Appendix 2: Map of conflict and displacement in Darfur, Sudan 2017 ............................................ 28 Annex A Compendium of Democratic Republic of Congo .................................. 29 country studies The nature of conflict in eastern DRC .................... 29 Impact of conflict on livelihoods in eastern DRC ... 30 Food security and livelihood Interventions in Contents eastern DRC ........................................................... 31 Annexes .................................................................... 1 Relief interventions ............................................ 31 Annex A Compendium of country studies ................... 1 Livelihood support interventions ....................... 34 Afghanistan .................................................................
    [Show full text]