DOCSLIB.ORG

The Changing Dimensions of Cattle Rustling in Teso Sub

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY, ARCHAEOLOGY AND POLITICAL STUDIES THE GENESIS, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACT OF CATTLE RUSTLING IN TESO SUB-REGION, 1600-2001: A CASE OF KATAKWI DISTRICT, UGANDA. BY JOHN AMODOI OKOBOI A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILLOSOPHY IN HISTORY OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY JUNE 2016 ii DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University. Signature: .................................................................. DATE: .................................. John Amodoi Okoboi BA/ED (HONS), MED – (C82/15722/05) Supervisors: This work was submitted for examination with our approval as University Supervisors. 1. Signature: ................................................ Date: ............................................. Prof. Samson Omwoyo Department of Social Studies, Religion and Community Development, Maasai Mara University. 2. Signature: ................................................ Date: ............................................. Dr. Pius W. Kakai Department of History, Archaeology and Political Studies, Kenyatta University. iii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my wife, Rebecca Okoboi, for the painful emotional stress she went through in the early years of our marriage. Tears rolled down her cheeks and she stood by my side at the time I nearly died in 1984. “Be strong, for the fruits of your suffering are here.” iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the first place, I do appreciate from the bottom of my heart, the role played by the management of Kyambogo University and Kenyatta University for signing a memorandum of understanding that enabled me to register for Doctoral study in Kenyatta University. Even when I missed the opportunity for a Fulbright Scholarship, I found this a consolation. In the same vein, I do appreciate the words of encouragement from my colleagues in Kyambogo University whose inspiration motivated me to study and to carry on even when I felt discouraged. These included Prof. Opuda- Asibo, Prof. William Epeju, Dr. Nathan S. Senkomago, Dr. Cyprian Adupa, Dr. Elisabeth Kyazike, Filda Ojok, Daniel Ndawula, Dr. James Magezi, Dr. Yokana Ogola, John Baptist Okware and others. I am deeply indebted to my supervisors, Prof. Samson Omwoyo and Dr. Pius W. Kakai for their professionalism, patience and mature guidance that I received from them. Their comments and corrections were a big push in shaping this thesis in the right direction. May God reward you abundantly. I am also grateful to my research assistants Venasio Edeket, a retired Agricultural Officer and Emmanuel Ocepa for traversing the counties of Magoro, Ngariam, Ongongoja (in Katakwi district) and Acowa, Kapelebyong and Wera (in Amuria district) administering oral interviews and organising Focused Group Discussions with respondents. They did a commendable job. I would like to particularly thank John v Robert Ekongot the Local Council (LC) V Chairman of Katakwi district, for receiving me with open hands, Mathew Olemo, the District Planner (Katakwi distict), Angella Atim, the District Education Officer (Katakwi district) and Michael Richard Orwanga, the Inspector of Schools (Amuria district) for giving me valuable information. On a special note I extend my gratitude to Simon Okanya, the Principal Personnel Officer (Soroti district), for giving me access to Soroti District Archives. I should not forget some of the elders that I interviewed for giving me valuable information. These among others were Naboth Oduc, a retired teacher, Nico O. Akwang, a former Sub- County Chief and Eugenio Osele, a peasant farmer. I am deeply grateful to my wife Rebecca Okoboi and children: Leah Amuron, Sam Okoboi, James Mudidi, Ann Rhoda Agwang and Ignatius Eli Odongo for withstanding the difficult financial times when at times there was no “good” meal on their plate. My wife’s words of encouragement were always “You will finish”. I am particularly thankful to my son, James Mudidi, for his helping hand in computer work. vi ABSTRACT This study examined the genesis, development and impact of cattle rustling in Teso sub- region in the period 1600-2001. It analysed the early history of the Iteso, origins of cattle rustling, the causes of cattle rustling, the changing dimensions of cattle rustling and the impact of cattle rustling on the people of Katakwi district. A case of Katakwi district was taken because of its proximity to Karamoja sub-region where the rustlers came from. In analysing the genesis, development and impact of cattle rustling in Teso sub-region, the theories of social conflict, ecological and materialist paradigms were applicable. The study considered cattle rustling as a form of conflict brought about by ecological factors and materialist gains. The descriptive survey research design was applicable in the study because the information collected from respondents, archives and secondary sources was analysed as regards the genesis, development and impact of cattle rustling in Teso sub- region. The study revealed that the Iteso and the Karimojong originated from South West Abbyssinia (Ethiopia) where they had once lived together as pastoralists. The two communities migrated into Karamoja where they separated in about 1620s. The study found that the separation of the Iteso and Karimojong partly contributed to stealing of Teso cattle by the Karimojong because the Iteso had moved with the cattle from Karamoja. The burning of the carcasses of the Karimojong captured cattle in 1952 largely sparked cattle rustling in Katakwi district as a wayof revenge.The acquisition of modern weapons ( machine guns) escalated cattle rustling especially in the 1980s. This changing dimension from using traditional weapons (spears, bows and arrows, clubs) to modern ones adversely affected the socio-economic and political development in the area of study. Though cattle rustling had been brought about by ecological disparities between Teso and Karamoja sub-regions thereby leading to conflict, this was overshadowed by materialist gain in the post-independence period. The study is significant as it contributes to the growing historiography of cattle rustling within the East African region and Uganda specifically. The study is also significant to the policy makers who cherish the value of peace and living in harmony in North-Eastern Uganda, Uganda as a whole and East Africa in general. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................ iv ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................vii LIST OF MAPS..............................................................................................................................x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ..................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... xiv LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... xv DEFINITION OF TERMS ......................................................................................................... xvi GLOSSARY..............................................................................................................................xviii CHAPTER ONE............................................................................................................................1 1.0 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................1 1.1 Background to the Study......................................................................................................1 1.1.1 The Teso Sub-Region ......................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................... 22 1.3 Objectives of the Study ...................................................................................................... 23 1.4 Research Premises .............................................................................................................. 23 1.5 Justification and Significance of the Study ........................................................................ 24 1.6 The Scope and Limitations of the study .............................................................................. 24 1.7 Literature Review and Theoretical Framework .................................................................. 25 1.7.1 Review of Related Literature..............................................................................................35 1.7.2 Theoretical Framework.......................................................................................................45
Recommended publications
  • Perceptions of the Impact of Informal Peace Education Training in Uganda

    Perceptions of the Impact of Informal Peace Education Training in Uganda

    International School for Humanities and Social Sciences Prins Hendrikkade 189-B 1011 TD Amsterdam The Netherlands Masters Thesis for the MSc Programme International Development Studies Field Research carried out in Uganda 30th January - 27th May 2006 Teaching Peace – Transforming Conflict? Exploring Participants’ Perceptions of the Impact of Informal Peace Education Training in Uganda Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed. (Constitution of UNESCO, 1945) First Supervisor: Prof. Dr. G.C.A. Junne Second Supervisor: Dr. M. Novelli Anika May Student Number: 0430129 Email: [email protected] Table of Contents Acknowledgements 4 Abstract 5 Chapter One: Introduction – Subject of Research 6 1.1 Purpose of the Study 8 1.2 Research Questions 9 1.3 Relevance of the Study 9 1.4 Structure of Thesis 12 Chapter Two: Background of the Research/Research Setting 14 2.1 Violence and Conflict in the History of Uganda 14 2.2 The Legacy of Violence in Ugandan Society 18 2.2.1 The Present State of Human Rights and Violence in Uganda 18 2.2.2 Contemporary Ugandan Conflicts 20 2.2.2.1 The Case of Acholiland 20 2.2.2.2 The Case of Karamoja 22 2.2.3 Beyond the Public Eye – The Issue of Gender-Based Domestic Violence in Uganda 23 Chapter Three: Theoretical Framework - Peace Education 25 3.1 The Ultimate Goal: a Peaceful Society 25 3.1.1 Defining Peace 26 3.1.2 Defining a Peaceful Society 27 3.2 Education for Peace: Using Education to Create a Peaceful Society 29 3.2.1 A Short History of Peace Education
  • Peoples Voice COP21 Uganda

    Peoples Voice COP21 Uganda

    the People’s voice uganda COMMUNITY PRIORITY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PEPFAR UGANDA FOR 2021 Introduction: Developing “The People’s Voice” Since 2012, communities of People living with HIV (PLHIV), Key and Vulnerable Populations (KVPs) and Civil Society Organisations (CSOs), under the leadership of the International Community of Women Living with HIV Eastern Africa (ICWEA), the Coalition for Health Promotion and Social Development (HEPS-Uganda) and Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG) in collaboration with global partners including Health GAP and AVAC have been monitoring and informing PEPFAR Country Operational Planning (COP) processes. At that time, there were no minimum standards for the meaningful engagement of PLHIV, KVPs and CSOs and discussions with the U.S. government regarding Uganda’s COP would take place only in meetings at the U.S. Embassy. PLHIV, KVP and CSOs worked to ensure that the engagement processes became truly community- owned and community-led. They established a structured calendar, clear expectations of civil society and of PEPFAR Uganda, and a shared focus with PEPFAR Uganda on improving the accountability of the HIV response for communities and CSOs. This is the third edition of The People’s Voice; the first was facilities which are located in 28 districts (see Table A, page 3) published in 20191 and the second in 2020.2 Successes resulting during the CLM pilot phase (August-September 2020) and Focus from these efforts over the years include: introduction and scale Group Discussions (FGDs) with community representatives.
  • HIV/AIDS Treatment and Care in a Long-Term Conflict Setting: Observations from the AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in the Teso Region Emma Smith SIT Study Abroad

    HIV/AIDS Treatment and Care in a Long-Term Conflict Setting: Observations from the AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in the Teso Region Emma Smith SIT Study Abroad

    SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Spring 2008 HIV/AIDS Treatment and Care in a Long-Term Conflict Setting: Observations From The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in the Teso Region Emma Smith SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Recommended Citation Smith, Emma, "HIV/AIDS Treatment and Care in a Long-Term Conflict Setting: Observations From The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in the Teso Region" (2008). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 99. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/99 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HIV/AIDS Treatment and Care in a Long-Term Conflict Setting: Observations from The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in the Teso Region Emma Smith Advisor: Alutia Samuel Academic Directors: Charlotte Mafumbo and Martha Wandera Location: TASO Soroti SIT Uganda Spring 2008 Dedication To all the people living with HIV/AIDS in Teso, who continue to live strongly despite decades of suffering from continuous war, displacement and neglect. May the world come to recognize the struggles that you live with. Acknowledgements There are so many people to whom thanks is owed, it would not be possible to acknowledge them all even if time and space allowed. Primarily, I would like to thank the clients of TASO Soroti, who so willingly welcomed a stranger into their communities and allowed so many questions to be asked of them.
  • The EIA Process in Uganda 63 Figure 9-1: Flow Chart Highlighting the Main Steps in the Environmental & Social Management Framework (ESMF) 109

    The EIA Process in Uganda 63 Figure 9-1: Flow Chart Highlighting the Main Steps in the Environmental & Social Management Framework (ESMF) 109

    DECEMBER 2013 Public Disclosure Authorized Republic of Uganda Uganda National Roads Authority NORTH EASTERN CORRIDOR ROAD ASSET MANAGEMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized (NECRAMP) - TORORO-MBALE- SOROTI-LIRA- KAMDINI ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ADDRESS C O WI A /S P arallelvej 2 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark TEL +4 5 5 6 4 0 0 0 0 0 FAX +4 5 5 6 4 0 9 9 9 9 WWW c owi.c om DECEMBER 2013 UGANDA NATIONAL ROADS AUTHORITY NORTH EASTERN CORRIDOR ROAD ASSET MANAGEMENT PROJECT (NECRAMP) - TORORO-MBALE- SOROTI-LIRA-KAMDINI ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK PROJECT NO. A 0 1 3 6 9 3 DOCUMENT NO. 13693/ESMF VERSION 6 DATE OF ISSUE 3 Dec ember 2013 PREPARED RE M E /P A AO CHECKED DRS APPROVED MVJ i E nvironment and Soc ial Management Framework for T ororo-Mbale-Soroti-Lira-Kamdini Road (340 km) BASIC INFORMATION Basic Project Information Country: Uganda Project ID: P125590 Project Name: North Eastern Corridor Road Asset Management Project (NECRAMP) Task Team Negede Lewi Leader: Estimated 13-Jan-2014 Estimated 10-Jun-2014 Appraisal Board Date: ManagingDate: AFTTR Lending Specific Investment Loan Unit: Instrument: Sector(s): Rural and Inter-Urban Roads and Highways (80%), Public administration- Transportation (10%), General transportation sector Theme(s): Infrastructure(10%) services for private sector development (50%), Regional integration (20%), Rural services and infrastructure (20%), Administrative
  • View/Download

    View/Download

    Research Article Food Science & Nutrition Research Risk Factors to Persistent Dysentery among Children under the Age of Five in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa; the Case of Kumi, Eastern Uganda Peter Kirabira1*, David Omondi Okeyo2, and John C. Ssempebwa3 1MD, MPH; Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda. *Correspondence: 2PhD; School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition and Peter Kirabira, Clarke International University, P.O Box 7782, Health, Maseno University, Maseno Township, Kenya. Kampala, Uganda, Tel: +256 772 627 554; E-mail: drpkirabs@ gmail.com; [email protected]. 3MD, MPH, PhD; Disease Control and Environmental Health Department, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Received: 02 July 2018; Accepted: 13 August 2018 Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Citation: Peter Kirabira, David Omondi Okeyo, John C Ssempebwa. Risk Factors to Persistent Dysentery among Children under the Age of Five in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa; the Case of Kumi, Eastern Uganda. Food Sci Nutr Res. 2018; 1(1): 1-6. ABSTRACT Introduction: Dysentery, otherwise called bloody diarrhoea, is a problem of Public Health importance globally, contributing 54% of the cases of childhood diarrhoeal diseases in Kumi district, Uganda. We set out to assess the risk factors associated with the persistently high prevalence of childhood dysentery in Kumi district. Methods: We conducted an analytical matched case-control study, with the under five child as the study unit. We collected quantitative data from the mothers or caretakers of the under five children using semi-structured questionnaires and checklists and qualitative data using Key informer interview guides. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS while qualitative data was analysed manually.
  • Knowledge Sovereignty Among African Cattle Herders

    Knowledge Sovereignty Among African Cattle Herders

    Knowledge Sovereignty ‘This ground-breaking ethnography of Beni-Amer pastoralists in the Horn of Africa shows how a partnership of conventional science and local indigenous knowledge can generate a hybrid knowledge system which underpins a productive cattle economy. This has implications for sustainable pastoral development around the world.’ Knowledge Jeremy Swift, Emeritus Fellow, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex ‘Indigenous knowledge and the sovereignty issues addressed in the book are hallmarks to Sovereignty recognize African cattle herders and also to use this knowledge to mitigate climate change and appreciate the resilience of these herders. The book will be a major resource for students, researchers among and policy makers in Africa and worldwide.’ Mitiku Haile, Professor of Soil Science and Sustainable Land Management, Mekelle University ‘This important book arrives at a key moment of climate and food security challenges. Fre deploys among African great wisdom in writing about the wisdom of traditional pastoralists, which – refl ecting the way complex natural systems really work – has been tested through history, and remains capable of future evolution. The more general lesson is that both land, and ideas, should be a common treasury.’ Cattle African Cattle Herders Cattle African Robert Biel, Senior Lecturer, the Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL Beni-Amer cattle owners in the western part of the Horn of Africa are not only masters in cattle Herders breeding, they are also knowledge sovereign, in terms of owning productive genes of cattle and the cognitive knowledge base crucial to sustainable development. The strong bonds between the Beni- Amer, their animals, and their environment constitute the basis of their ways of knowing, and much of their knowledge system is built on experience and embedded in their cultural practices.
  • Surrogate Surfaces: a Contextual Interpretive Approach to the Rock Art of Uganda

    Surrogate Surfaces: a Contextual Interpretive Approach to the Rock Art of Uganda

    SURROGATE SURFACES: A CONTEXTUAL INTERPRETIVE APPROACH TO THE ROCK ART OF UGANDA by Catherine Namono The Rock Art Research Institute Department of Archaeology School of Geography, Archaeology & Environmental Studies University of the Witwatersrand A thesis submitted to the Graduate School of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2010 i ii Declaration I declare that this is my own unaided work. It is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted before for any other degree or examination in any other university. Signed:……………………………….. Catherine Namono 5th March 2010 iii Dedication To the memory of my beloved mother, Joyce Lucy Epaku Wambwa To my beloved father and friend, Engineer Martin Wangutusi Wambwa To my twin, Phillip Mukhwana Wambwa and Dear sisters and brothers, nieces and nephews iv Acknowledgements There are so many things to be thankful for and so many people to give gratitude to that I will not forget them, but only mention a few. First and foremost, I am grateful to my mentor and supervisor, Associate Professor Benjamin Smith who has had an immense impact on my academic evolution, for guidance on previous drafts and for the insightful discussions that helped direct this study. Smith‘s previous intellectual contribution has been one of the corner stones around which this thesis was built. I extend deep gratitude to Professor David Lewis-Williams for his constant encouragement, the many discussions and comments on parts of this study. His invaluable contribution helped ideas to ferment.

  • Planned Shutdown Web October 2020.Indd

    PLANNED SHUTDOWN FOR SEPTEMBER 2020 SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT AND ROUTINE MAINTENANCE REGION DAY DATE SUBSTATION FEEDER/PLANT PLANNED WORK DISTRICT AREAS & CUSTOMERS TO BE AFFECTED Kampala West Saturday 3rd October 2020 Mutundwe Kampala South 1 33kV Replacement of rotten vertical section at SAFARI gardens Najja Najja Non and completion of flying angle at MUKUTANO mutundwe. North Eastern Saturday 3rd October 2020 Tororo Main Mbale 1 33kV Create Two Tee-offs at Namicero Village MBALE Bubulo T/C, Bududa Tc Bulukyeke, Naisu, Bukigayi, Kufu, Bugobero, Bupoto Namisindwa, Magale, Namutembi Kampala West Sunday 4th October 2020 Kampala North 132/33kV 32/40MVA TX2 Routine Maintenance of 132/33kV 32/40MVA TX 2 Wandegeya Hilton Hotel, Nsooda Atc Mast, Kawempe Hariss International, Kawempe Town, Spencon,Kyadondo, Tula Rd, Ngondwe Feeds, Jinja Kawempe, Maganjo, Kagoma, Kidokolo, Kawempe Mbogo, Kalerwe, Elisa Zone, Kanyanya, Bahai, Kitala Taso, Kilokole, Namere, Lusanjja, Kitezi, Katalemwa Estates, Komamboga, Mambule Rd, Bwaise Tc, Kazo, Nabweru Rd, Lugoba Kazinga, Mawanda Rd, East Nsooba, Kyebando, Tilupati Industrial Park, Mulago Hill, Turfnel Drive, Tagole Cresent, Kamwokya, Kubiri Gayaza Rd, Katanga, Wandegeya Byashara Street, Wandegaya Tc, Bombo Rd, Makerere University, Veterans Mkt, Mulago Hospital, Makerere Kavule, Makerere Kikumikikumi, Makerere Kikoni, Mulago, Nalweuba Zone Kampala East Sunday 4th October 2020 Jinja Industrial Walukuba 11kV Feeder Jinja Industrial 11kV feeders upgrade JINJA Walukuba Village Area, Masese, National Water Kampala East
  • The Rural Non-Farm Economy in Uganda: a Review of Policy (NRI Report No

    The Rural Non-Farm Economy in Uganda: a Review of Policy (NRI Report No

    The rural non-farm economy in Uganda: a review of policy (NRI report no. 2702) Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (GALA) Citation: Marter, Alan (2002) The rural non-farm economy in Uganda: a review of policy (NRI report no. 2702). [Working Paper] Available at: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/11656 Copyright Status: Permission is granted by the Natural Resources Institute (NRI), University of Greenwich for the copying, distribution and/or transmitting of this work under the conditions that it is attributed in the manner specified by the author or licensor and it is not used for commercial purposes. However you may not alter, transform or build upon this work. Please note that any of the aforementioned conditions can be waived with permission from the NRI. Where the work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by this license. This license in no way affects your fair dealing or fair use rights, or other applicable copyright exemptions and limitations and neither does it affect the author’s moral rights or the rights other persons may have either in the work itself or in how the work is used, such as publicity or privacy rights. For any reuse or distribution, you must make it clear to others the license terms of this work. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Contact: GALA Repository Team: [email protected] Natural Resources Institute: [email protected] NATURAL RESOURCES INSTITUTE NRI Report No. 2702 Rural Non-Farm Economy The Rural Non-Farm Economy in Uganda: A Review of Policy by Alan Marter September 2002 The views expressed in this document are solely those of the author and not necessarily those of DFID or the World Bank World Bank Preface The importance of the Rural Non-Farm Economy (RNFE) is reflected in the rural development strategies of many organisations.
  • Survival Strategies of the Northern Paiute a Thesis Submitted in Parti

    Survival Strategies of the Northern Paiute a Thesis Submitted in Parti

    University of Nevada, Reno Persistence in Aurora, Nevada: Survival Strategies of the Northern Paiute A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology By Lauren Walkling Dr. Carolyn White/Thesis Advisor May 2018 THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by LAUREN WALKLING Entitled Persistence in Aurora, Nevada: Survival Strategies of the Northern Paiute be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Carolyn L White, Ph.D., Advisor Sarah Cowie, Ph.D, Committee Member Meredith Oda, Ph.D., Graduate School Representative David W. Zeh, Ph.D., Dean, Graduate School May, 2018 i Abstract Negotiation and agency are crucial topics of discussion, especially in areas of colonial and cultural entanglement in relation to indigenous groups. Studies of agency explore the changes, or lack thereof, in material culture use and expression in response to colonial intrusion and cultural entanglement. Agency studies, based on dominance and resistance, use material and documentary evidence on varying scales of analysis, such as group and individual scales. Agency also discusses how social aspects including gender, race, and socioeconomic status affect decision making practices. One alternative framework to this dichotomy is that of persistence, a framework that focuses on how identity and cultural practices were modified or preserved as they were passed on (Panich 2013: 107; Silliman 2009: 212). Using the definition of persistence as discussed by Lee Panich (2013), archaeological evidence surveyed from a group of historic Paiute sites located outside of the mining town, Aurora, Nevada, and historical documentation will be used to track potential persistence tactics.
  • Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies

    Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies

    Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies Series Editor: Oliver P. Richmond, Professor, School of International Relations, University of St Andrews Editorial Board: Roland Bleiker, University of Queensland, Australia; Henry F. Carey, Georgia State University, USA; Costas Constantinou, University of Keele, UK; A.J.R. Groom, University of Kent, UK; Vivienne Jabri, King’s College London, UK; Edward Newman, University of Birmingham, UK; Sorpong Peou, Sophia University, Japan; Caroline Kennedy-Pipe, University of Sheffield, UK; Professor Michael Pugh, University of Bradford, UK; Chandra Sriram, University of East London, UK; Ian Taylor, University of St Andrews, UK; Alison Watson, University of St Andrews, UK; R.B.J. Walker, University of Victoria, Canada; Andrew Williams, University of St Andrews, UK. Titles include: Susanne Buckley-Zistel CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN UGANDA Remembering after Violence Jason Franks RETHINKING THE ROOTS OF TERRORISM Vivienne Jabri WAR AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF GLOBAL POLITICS James Ker-Lindsay EU ACCESSION AND UN PEACEKEEPING IN CYPRUS Roger MacGinty NO WAR, NO PEACE The Rejuvenation of Stalled Peace Processes and Peace Accords Carol McQueen HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION AND SAFETY ZONES Iraq, Bosnia and Rwanda Sorpong Peou INTERNATIONAL DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE FOR PEACEBUILDING The Cambodian Experience Sergei Prozorov UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT BETWEEN RUSSIA AND THE EU The Limits of Integration Oliver P. Richmond THE TRANSFORMATION OF PEACE Bahar Rumelili CONSTRUCTING REGIONAL AND GLOBAL ORDER Europe and Southeast Asia Chandra Lekha Sriram PEACE AS GOVERNANCE Stephan Stetter WORLD SOCIETY AND THE MIDDLE EAST Reconstructions in Regional Politics Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies Series Standing Order ISBN 978--1--4039--9575--9 (hardback) & 978--1--4039--9576--6 (paperback) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order.
  • The Origin of the Maasai and Kindred African Tribes and of Bornean Tribes

    The Origin of the Maasai and Kindred African Tribes and of Bornean Tribes

    ct (MEMO' 5(t(I1MET• fiAltOtOHHE4GfO HATHOl\-ASMTAi\f 0E\I1l: HALF MAti AtSO '''fJ1nFHH> \.,/i1'~ NUT. t1At~ Bl~t),WHO HEAD OF· PROPElS HIM:. ENtiAt 5ftFwITI'f ("ufCn MATr4OR, (OW ~F f1AA~AI PLATE: .0'\. PREFACE. The research with which this review deals having been entirely carried out here in Central Africa, far away from all centres of science, the writer is only too well aware that his work must shown signs of the inadequacy of the material for reference at his disposal. He has been obliged to rely entirely on such literature as he could get out from Home, and, in this respect, being obliged for the most psrt to base his selection on the scanty information supplied by publishers' catalogues, he has often had many disappointments when, after months of waiting, the books eventually arrived. That in consequence certain errors may have found their way into the following pages is quite posaible, but he ventures to believe that they are neither many nor of great importance to the subject as a whole. With regard to linguistic comparisons, these have been confined within restricted limits, and the writer has only been able to make comparison with Hebrew, though possibly Aramaic and other Semitic dialects might have carried him further. As there is no Hebrew type in this country he has not been able to give the Hebrew words in their original character as he should have wished. All the quotations from Capt. M. Merker in the following pages are translations of the writer; he is aware that it would have been more correct to have given them in the original German, but in this case they would have been of little value to the majority of the readers of this Journal in Kenya.