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98 Basic Facts on ASEAN (2000) 8Th ASEAN Summ Study on the Development of Domestic Sea Transportation and Maritime Industry in the Republic of Indonesia (STRAMINDO) - Technical Report 3 - 3.3 First Seminar on the Development Roadmap Towards Competitive Indonesian Maritime Transport 3.3.1. ASEAN Cooperation in Transport (Bernard Tai – ASEAN Secretariat) ASEAN Member Countries ASEAN Cooperation in Transport • Brunei •Myanmar Darussalam STRAMINDO Seminar • Philippines Jakarta • Cambodia • Singapore 15 July 2003 • Indonesia • Thailand By • Lao PDR •Viet Nam Bernard KM Tai ASEAN Secretariat •Malaysia The views expressed here are the author's own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the ASEAN Secretariat Basic Facts on ASEAN (2000) ASEAN vs Other Groupings, ‘98 (source: 2001 ASEAN-Japan Statistical Pocketbook) Member Population GDP Per Capita GDP Population GNP GNP per Trade value Countries (Thousand) (US$ Billion) (US$) (mil) (US$ bil) capita (US$ bil.) Brunei Darussalam 338 4.623 14,094 (US$) Cambodia 12,200 3.230 289 Indonesia 204,790 153.252 723 ASEAN 503 554 1,100 604 Lao PDR 5,218 1.712 315 Malaysia 23,266 89.321 4,016 EU 385 8332 21,600 4248 Myanmar 49,008 7.083 155 Philippines 76,320 75.189 990 NAFTA 396 8852 22,300 2305 Singapore 4,018 92.257 25,864 Thailand 62,405 121.933 1,986 MERCOSUR 210 1087 5,200 185 Viet Nam 77,686 31.611 396 th ASEAN 8 ASEAN Summit, Nov 02 • The idea of striving for an ASEAN Economic • ASEAN: a market of more than 520 Community (AEC) by 2020 was proposed for the million people, half of China’s first time. population • AEC: “A logical extension of ASEAN‘s goal towards integration”. • ASEAN’s GDP of US$556 billion, • Agreed to explore the possibility of transforming about the same as China’s. ASEAN into AEC by 2020 with ASEAN‘s integration being deepened and accelerated through the AEC. Benefits from ASEAN economic Rooms for further regional integration integration? • Export and FDI competitiveness • Intra-ASEAN trade accounts for nearly 25% of ASEAN’s total trade, up slightly • Improved welfare from 21.4% in 1993 • Strengthen role in international arena – (vis-à-vis the Intra-EC trade was at 35.3% in 1958 and 50.3% in 1970) • Political stability Attachment-26 Study on the Development of Domestic Sea Transportation and Maritime Industry in the Republic of Indonesia (STRAMINDO) - Technical Report 3 - FDI in ASEAN (US$ mil) (source: ASEAN Secretariat) 30000 • Export-oriented economic models 25000 20000 • In these times of depressed global 15000 demand, ASEAN may need to find new strategy for growth 10000 5000 • Growth to come from within may be 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 needed. New wave of globalization • Global trade & investment liberalization Rising trend towards • Intertwined regional production and trading integrated production networks network in ASEAN: • Rule-based economic system (WTO, IMO, etc) Regional solution is •IT revolution necessary • Global safety, security and environment concerns IMPLICATIONS FOR ASEAN’s Challenges TRANSPORT SYSTEMS • To stay competitive, ASEAN’s transport • Demand for time reliability • Demand for certainty sector need to be a lead factor • Demand for safety in economic growth • Demand for security • Demand for clean technologies Transport: Leader or laggard? ASEAN’s response Malaysia: Annual Growth Rate of Manufacturing Output and Transport Services • ASEAN Vision 2020 Growth Gap 20.0 Kuala Lumpur, 15 December 18.0 16.0 1997 14.0 12.0 % 10.0 • Hanoi Plan of Action (16 8.0 6.0 December 1998) 4.0 2.0 0.0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Manufacturing Transport Attachment-27 Study on the Development of Domestic Sea Transportation and Maritime Industry in the Republic of Indonesia (STRAMINDO) - Technical Report 3 - ASEAN Vision 2020 ASEAN Vision 2020 Kuala Lumpur, 15 Dec 1997 • Meet the ever increasing demand • “ASEAN as a concert of SEA for improved infrastructure and Nations, outward looking, living communications by: in peace, stability and • Developing an integrated and prosperity, bonded together in harmonized trans-ASEAN partnership in dynamic transportation network development and in a community of caring societies” ASEAN Vision 2020 Hanoi Plan of Action (16 Dec ‘98) • Promoting open-sky policy • A middle term plan • Developing multi-modal transport • It specifies an array of • Facilitating goods in transit. activities designed to achieve ASEAN’s Vision 2020 Hanoi Plan of Action: ASEAN Transport Cooperation - Main Thrusts Scope • Infrastructure Development • Air Transport • Competitive Transport Services • Land Transport • Capacity Building • Maritime Transport • Transport Safety and Environment • Transport Facilitation • Private Sector Participation Hanoi Plan of Action: Transport Infrastructure 1999 Source: ASEAN Transport Statistics 1999 Transport Agenda Length of Length of Country Area Road Railway No. of Int. No. of Int. • Trans-ASEAN • Harmonization of (1000 km2) (km) (km) Port Airport Road Vehicle Transport Network Brunei 5.77 3,768 not applicable 3 1 Standards and Development Regulations Cambodia 181.00 34,000 632 2 1 • Facilitation of Goods • ASEAN Highway Indonesia 1,919.00 268,030 4,616 131 18 in Transit and Inter- Network Project Lao PDR 237.00 3,016 not applicable not applicable 2 State Transport • Singapore-Kunming Malaysia 330.00 64,686 1,949 *6 6 • Multimodal Transport Rail Link Project Myanmar 677.00 27,966 4,746 9 1 Operations • Sectoral Negotiations Philippines 300.00 29,524 474 2 8 in the Air and Singapore 0.64 3,066 N.A. 1 2 • Competitive Air Services Policy Maritime Transport Thailand 514.00 51,339 3,979 10 29 under the 1995 Viet Nam 331.00 210,000 3,143 not available 2 Development ASEAN Framework • Maritime / Shipping Agreement on Policy Development Services (AFAS) Attachment-28 Study on the Development of Domestic Sea Transportation and Maritime Industry in the Republic of Indonesia (STRAMINDO) - Technical Report 3 - Existing ASEAN Transport Network Maritime Transport • Maritime transport plays a critical role in moving intra- and extra-ASEAN trade. • Improvement of ASEAN’s shipping and port facilities and operating environment is of paramount importance. Source: ASEAN Transport Cooperation Framework Plan, 1999 ASEAN Maritime Transport System Present status of maritime transport in ASEAN • Varying in logistics infrastructure and services development • Lack of integration (between different modes of transportation and between member countries) • Fragmented industries • Uncoordinated approach to regional and national maritime transport development • Lack of modern distribution channels: low intra- ASEAN containerization rate • Lack of quality/skilled labour • Varying sophistication of consumers, customers and vendors Source: ASEAN Transport Cooperation Framework Plan, 1999 • High degree of government involvement in CLMV Top 35 maritime countries: fleet size Top 20 container terminals, 2001 World DWT % of world World ranking TEUs ranking total Singapore 11 18 mil 2.37 Singapore 2 15.5 mil Malaysia 22 7 mil 0.88 Port Klang 12 3.8 mil Philippines 26 5 mil 0.64 Manila 17 2.8 mil Indonesia 27 4 mil 0.58 Source: UNCTAD, Review of Maritime Transport, 2002 Source: UNCTAD, Review of Maritime Transport, 2002 Intra-ASEAN containerized traffic What is ASEAN doing in port and shipping co-operation? Year Intra-ASEAN % change trade (in • Hanoi Plan of Action: thousand TEU) – to develop a Maritime/Shipping Policy 1996 989 8.8 for ASEAN 1997 1096 10.82 – enhancing the competitiveness of ASEAN ports 1998 1103 0.64 – further liberalization of maritime transport services; and 1999 1126 2.09 – integration of maritime transport in the 2000 1191 5.77 intermodal and logistics chain. UNCTAD: Review of Maritime Transport, 2002 Attachment-29 Study on the Development of Domestic Sea Transportation and Maritime Industry in the Republic of Indonesia (STRAMINDO) - Technical Report 3 - Formulation of a regional maritime Achieving international standard in transport policy: maritime safety and • The ASEAN Maritime Transport Sector Development legislations/standardization of maritime Study. standards and legislations: • To formulate a medium-term policy and development framework for the ASEAN maritime transport sector • IMO-ASEAN project on the Drafting and covering ports and shipping, which will serve as the guiding document for ASEAN cooperation for the period Updating of Maritime Legislation to 2003-2008. support Adoption and Accession by • The Study puts forward two broad policy and ASEAN Member Countries to IMO development goals in ASEAN maritime transport: (a) Conventions. enhancing competitiveness of the regional maritime transport system, and (b) building capacity and narrowing gaps among member countries. Creating a more liberal and competitive Cooperation in maritime human resource regional maritime transport sector development/capacity building to narrow the development gap • Bilateral MOU for the mutual recognition of • Common ASEAN Near Coastal Voyages to certificates of competency in line with the allow seafarers manning vessels less than 3,000 requirements of the 1995 amendments to the GT to operate within the said defined limits for International Convention on the Standards for the ASEAN region and at the same time Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW 95); seafarers of such vessels in ASEAN countries to also operate within the near coastal voyage • The ASEAN-China Training Project for Vessel limits as prescribed in their respective maritime Masters, Chief Engineers and Safety legislation. Administrative Personnel on the Lancang- Mekong River (Phase 1) in Jinghong China
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