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¬Óô Óò˚ Ú˛ Íòíóè Ùëîóîó„Ëë ÃÓÒÍÓ‚ÒÍËÈ √ÓÒÛ‰‡ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚È ÛÌË‚ÂÒËÚÂÚ ËÏ. Ã.¬. ÀÓÏÓÌÓÒÓ‚‡ »ÌÒÚËÚÛÚ ÒÚ‡Ì ¿ÁËË Ë ¿ÙËÍË ¬ÓÔÓÒ˚ Ú˛ÍÒÍÓÈ ÙËÎÓÎÓ„ËË ¬˚ÔÛÒÍ ’ Ìàòåðèàëû Äìèòðèåâñêèõ ÷òåíèé ÃÓÒÍ‚‡ 2014 УДК [8О:811.512. 1](08) ББК 80(=63)я431 В74 Вопросы тюркской филологии. Выпуск Х: Материалы Дмит- риевских чтений / Отв. ред. Д.М. Насилов, Е.А. Оганова. – М.: ООО «Издательство МБА», 2014. – 352 с. – В надзаг.: Моск. гос. ун-т имени М.В. Ломоносова, Ин-т стран Азии и Африки. ISBN 978-5-906325-93-8 I. Насилов Д.М.., ред. Утверждено к печати Учёным советом ИСАА МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова Рецензенты Доктор филологических наук А.А. Чеченов Кандидат филологических наук Е.И. Ларионова Ответственные редакторы Д.М. Насилов, Е.А. Оганова Данный сборник содержит доклады, прочитанные в 2012–2013 гг. на ежегодных Дмитриевских чтениях в Институте стран Азии и Африки МГУ. Книга отражает некоторые ключевые проблемы современной тюркологии и рассчитана на специализирующихся в этой области ра- ботников высшей школы, академической науки, аспирантов, студентов и всех тех, кого интересуют актуальные вопросы лингвистической и литературоведческой тюркологии. ISBN 978-5-906325-93-8 © Сборник, 2014 г. © ИСАА МГУ имени М.В. Ломонсова, 2014 © Авторы статей, 2014 Îò ðåäàêòîðîâ Îò ðåäàêòîðîâ Десятый выпуск «Вопросов тюркской филологии», осуществ- ленный кафедрой тюркской филологии Института стран Азии и Африки МГУ, содержит статьи, подготовленные на основе док- ладов, прочитанных на Дмитриевских чтениях 2012 г. и 2013 г. учеными этого института, а также ряда тюркологических цен- тров Российской Федерации и зарубежных стран. Традиционно материалы представлены в двух разделах: тюркологическая лин- гвистика и тюркологическое литературоведение. Проведение ежегодных Дмитриевских чтений с публикацией их материалов воплощает заложенную основателем нашей кафедры Н.К. Дмит- риевым традицию: позволяет сочетать в университетском тюр- кологическом образовании как прикладное (преподавание турец- кого и других тюркских языков), так и теоретическое (обеспече- ние широкой тюркологической подготовки) начало. Этот выпуск «Вопросов тюркской филологии» мы считаем юбилейным. Само по себе издание десятого сборника научных работ является в наше время достаточно ярким фактом, демонст- рирующим заинтересованность наших тюркологов и их зарубеж- ных коллег в сохранении и развитии традиций российской тюр- кологии, завоевавшей высокий международный авторитет. В то же время «Вопросы тюркской филологии» в известной мере от- ражают научные интересы и результаты разысканий именно мо- сковских тюркологов. В этом отношении наш сборник стоит в одном ряду с научным сборником «Вопросы алтайской филоло- гии», который включает материалы постоянно действующей конференции «Тенишевские чтения», проводимой Институтом языкознания РАН и собирающей более широкий круг участни- ков. Здесь же следует упомянуть выходящий в Санкт-Петербург- 3 Îò ðåäàêòîðîâ ском университете сборник «Востоковедение. Филологические исследования», где находит отражение научная деятельность не только членов кафедры Тюркской филологии Востфака, но и дру- гих тюркологов Петербурга, принимающих участие в ежегодных кафедральных «Кононовских чтениях». Дмитриевские чтения проводятся на кафедре тюркской фило- логии ИСАА вот уже третье десятилетие – с 1993 г. Тогда, 14– 15 октября 1993 г., по инициативе зав. кафедрой проф. Э.А. Гру- ниной в ИСАА состоялась научная конференция «Фундамен- тальная и прикладная вузовская тюркология: перспективы и на- правления дальнейшего развития», приуроченная к 50-летию кафедры тюркской филологии в МГУ. В работе конференции приняли участие московские тюркологи, коллеги из Санкт-Пе- тербурга, Казани, Комрата, а также гость из Турции. Работали две секции: лингвистическая и литературоведческая. В своем вступительном слове Э.А. Грунина, говоря о нелегкой судьбе тюркологии в Московском университете, остановилась на той роли, которую сыграл в становлении и развитии университет- ской тюркологии Н.К. Дмитриев. Ему впервые в истории рос- сийского востоковедения удалось соединить фундаментальность университетского образования (общая тюркология) с всесторон- ним специальным знанием нескольких тюркских языков, срав- нительно-исторической тюркологии, фольклора, истории и куль- туры тюркских народов и т. д. Н.К. Дмитриева как удивительно синтетического ученого характеризовало общее понимание тюр- кологии прежде всего как высшего звена в парадигме частных тюркских языкознаний, значимость языкового факта как необхо- димой предпосылки всякого рода научных обобщений, одинако- вое внимание даже к самым «малым» языкам и их носителям, бережное отношение к речевому (устному и письменному) дос- тоянию каждого тюркского языка, уважение к научной традиции и трудам своих предшественников, наконец, стремление гло- бально увидеть задачи тюркологии. Именно тогда было принято решение о превращение организо- ванного мероприятия в ежегодные Дмитриевские чтения – в па- мять об основателе кафедры чл.-корр. АН СССР Н.К. Дмитриеве (1898–1954). Предложение нашло поддержку у Дирекции ИСАА 4 Îò ðåäàêòîðîâ МГУ, и эти чтения утвердились в научной жизни института. Это- му способствовала также неустанная забота как первого организа- тора чтений зав. кафедрой тюркской филологии проф. Эльвиры Александровны Груниной, так и её преемника проф. Юрия Вла- димировича Щеки о технической организации чтений и после- дующей публикации их материалов в виде сборника научных тру- дов «Вопросы тюркской филологии». Заветы Н.К. Дмитриева, которые оказываются сегодня как нельзя весьма актуальными, стремятся осуществлять питомцы его школы и их ученики. Многие проблемы, им поставленные, уже нашли свое решение (вспомним создание Этимологического словаря тюркских языков, Сравнительно-исторической грамма- тики, диалектологических трудов, разработку целого комплекса теоретических грамматических и лексикологических вопросов и пр.), однако в рамках сменившейся научной парадигмы совре- менной российской тюркологии предстоит сделать новый шаг, чтобы оставаться на уровне мировой лингвистики, литературо- ведения и культурологии. За последние два года кафедре тюркской филологии пришлось пережить две большие утраты. 8 августа 2012 г. не стало Э.А. Гру- ниной, которая заведовала кафедрой в 1983−95 гг. 15 марта 2013 г. ушел из жизни Ю.В. Щека, перенявший у Э.А. Груниной бразды руководства кафедрой и заведовавший ею вплоть до сво- ей скоропостижной смерти. С уходом этих людей кафедра тюрк- ской филологии поистине осиротела… Однако задача кафедры – сохранить и приумножить то интеллектуальное богатство, кото- рое оставили нам в наследие наши учителя и коллеги. И снова в начале октября (традиционно в первую пятницу) 2014 г. здесь соберутся тюркологи на очередные – двадцать вторые – чтения. Надеемся, что Дмитриевские чтения в ИСАА МГУ и далее будут оставаться одной из вех на сложном и трудном пути оте- чественной тюркологии. проф. Д.М. Насилов доц. Е.А. Оганова 5 Èíôîðìàöèÿ ÄÌÈÒÐÈÉ ÌÈÕÀÉËÎÂÈ× ÍÀÑÈËΠÍÀÃÐÀÆÄÅÍ ÎÐÄÅÍÎÌ ÒÓÐÅÖÊÎÉ ÐÅÑÏÓÁËÈÊÈ «ËÈßÊÀÒ» Вице-президент Российского комитета тюркологов при ОИФН РАН и главный редактор журнала «Российская тюркология», профессор Института стран Азии и Африки Московского госу- дарственного университета Дмитрий Михайлович Насилов, из- вестный своими исследованиями по истории тюркских литера- турных языков, награжден за «выдающийся вклад в области “Тюркология”» oрденом Турецкой Республики «Лиякат» («За- слуга»). Орден «Заслуга», вручаемый иностранцам за заслуги по попу- ляризации и прославлению Турецкой Республики на междуна- родной арене в сфере «науки и искусства», присуждается прези- дентом Турецкой Республики по инициативе Министерства ино- странных дел и Высшего Совета имени Ататюрка по культуре, языку и истории Турецкой Республики, по предложению соот- ветствующего министра и с одобрения премьер-министра Турец- кой Республики. Созданная веками традиция присуждения меда- лей и орденов, имевшая место в недрах турецкой государствен- ности и закрепившаяся во времена Османской империи, продол- жает существовать и ныне в Турецкой Республике. В предыдущие годы орденом Турецкой Республики «Заслуга» «за вклад в тюркологию» были награждены Эдхям Рахимович Тенишев (Россия), Джеффрей Льюис (Великобритания), Жан- Поль Ру (Франция), Геза Давид (Венгрия), Омельян Прицак (Украина), Бюбийну Орузбаева (Кыргызстан), Камиль Вели Не- риманоглу (Азербайджан). 6 Èíôîðìàöèÿ На последней церемонии, организованной 20 октября 2008 го- да, в день открытия VI Международного конгресса исследовате- лей турецкого языка, президентом Турецкой Республики Абдул- лах Гюлем были награждены орденом «Заслуга» за «вклад в изу- чении турецкого языка» Виктор Гузев из России, Андреас Рона-- Таш из Венгрии, Роберт Данков и Вальтер Дж. Эндрюс из США, Ларс Йохансон из Швеции. Примерно шесть лет спустя, на церемонии, состоявшейся 11 июня 2014 года в Президентском дворце Турецкой Респуб- лики, четырнадцать иностранных ученых были представлены президентом Абдуллах Гюлем к ордену «Заслуга» – высшей на- граде, присваемой представителям науки и искусства. Среди тюркологов, награжденных в этом году орденом «Заслуга» стали Дмитрий Михайлович Насилов из России, Георг Хазаи из Вен- грии, М. Киль из Нидерландов, Клаудия Ремер из Австрии, Абу- дурехити Якуфу из Китая, Эвангелиа Балта из Греции. На торжественной церемонии, прошедшей с участием свыше 500 почетных гостей, орден «Заслуга» на лацкан Дмитрия Ми- хайловича Насилова закрепил лично Президент Турции Абдул- лах Гюль. На церемонии присутствовали спикер Верховного парламента Республики Турции, Вице-премьер-министр, ми- нистры, депутаты, послы, писатели, главы учреждений науки и 7 Èíôîðìàöèÿ
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