Psylloidea. the Shape of the Parameres Is Highly Variable, Ranging from Simple Lamellate Structures in Species Such As Psy!La Melanoneura (Fig
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Methods and Work Profile
REVIEW OF THE KNOWN AND POTENTIAL BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS OF PHYTOPHTHORA AND THE LIKELY IMPACT ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES JANUARY 2011 Simon Conyers Kate Somerwill Carmel Ramwell John Hughes Ruth Laybourn Naomi Jones Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 8 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 13 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 13 1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 15 2. Review of the potential impacts on species of higher trophic groups .................... 16 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Methods ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Results ............................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 44 3. Review of the potential impacts on ecosystem services ....................................... -
3 Mating Behavior of the Asian Citrus Psyllid
3 Mating Behavior of the Asian Citrus Psyllid Richard W. Mankin1* and Barukh Rohde2 1US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, USA; 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA Many aspects of the mating behavior of Diapho- produce signals ranging approximately 150– rina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), the 500 ms in duration, and females 331–680 ms. Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) are shared by other mem- The spectra of communication signals produced bers of the Psylloidea. Adults are reproductively by D. citri have prominent frequencies that are mature within about 2 days post-eclosion, and multiples (harmonics) of the 170–250 Hz wing- both sexes mate multiple times during their lifetime. beat frequency, and both sexes respond behav- Typically, courtship is mediated by short-range, iorally to synthetic signals containing three or substrate- borne vibrational communication and more wingbeat harmonics. When the male semiochemicals. In citrus orchards, D. citri court- finds the female, he moves alongside with their ship is facilitated by host-seeking and foraging heads pointing in the same direction and grasps behavior, as both sexes are attracted to green and her with his adjacent legs, bringing his abdo- yellow colors, as well as to volatiles of young men from underneath to meet the opening of flush shoots on the host tree, and short-range her genital segment. They remain in copulation communication is sufficient for finding mates in for about 48 min. Dispersal and mating behavior aggregations that develop soon after the flush of D. -
BÖCEKLERİN SINIFLANDIRILMASI (Takım Düzeyinde)
BÖCEKLERİN SINIFLANDIRILMASI (TAKIM DÜZEYİNDE) GÖKHAN AYDIN 2016 Editör : Gökhan AYDIN Dizgi : Ziya ÖNCÜ ISBN : 978-605-87432-3-6 Böceklerin Sınıflandırılması isimli eğitim amaçlı hazırlanan bilgisayar programı için lütfen aşağıda verilen linki tıklayarak programı ücretsiz olarak bilgisayarınıza yükleyin. http://atabeymyo.sdu.edu.tr/assets/uploads/sites/76/files/siniflama-05102016.exe Eğitim Amaçlı Bilgisayar Programı ISBN: 978-605-87432-2-9 İçindekiler İçindekiler i Önsöz vi 1. Protura - Coneheads 1 1.1 Özellikleri 1 1.2 Ekonomik Önemi 2 1.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 2 2. Collembola - Springtails 3 2.1 Özellikleri 3 2.2 Ekonomik Önemi 4 2.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 4 3. Thysanura - Silverfish 6 3.1 Özellikleri 6 3.2 Ekonomik Önemi 7 3.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 7 4. Microcoryphia - Bristletails 8 4.1 Özellikleri 8 4.2 Ekonomik Önemi 9 5. Diplura 10 5.1 Özellikleri 10 5.2 Ekonomik Önemi 10 5.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 11 6. Plocoptera – Stoneflies 12 6.1 Özellikleri 12 6.2 Ekonomik Önemi 12 6.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 13 7. Embioptera - webspinners 14 7.1 Özellikleri 15 7.2 Ekonomik Önemi 15 7.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 15 8. Orthoptera–Grasshoppers, Crickets 16 8.1 Özellikleri 16 8.2 Ekonomik Önemi 16 8.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 17 i 9. Phasmida - Walkingsticks 20 9.1 Özellikleri 20 9.2 Ekonomik Önemi 21 9.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 21 10. Dermaptera - Earwigs 23 10.1 Özellikleri 23 10.2 Ekonomik Önemi 24 10.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 24 11. Zoraptera 25 11.1 Özellikleri 25 11.2 Ekonomik Önemi 25 11.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 26 12. -
Howard Associate Professor of Natural History and Curator Of
INGI AGNARSSON PH.D. Howard Associate Professor of Natural History and Curator of Invertebrates, Department of Biology, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405-0086 E-mail: [email protected]; Web: http://theridiidae.com/ and http://www.islandbiogeography.org/; Phone: (+1) 802-656-0460 CURRICULUM VITAE SUMMARY PhD: 2004. #Pubs: 138. G-Scholar-H: 42; i10: 103; citations: 6173. New species: 74. Grants: >$2,500,000. PERSONAL Born: Reykjavík, Iceland, 11 January 1971 Citizenship: Icelandic Languages: (speak/read) – Icelandic, English, Spanish; (read) – Danish; (basic) – German PREPARATION University of Akron, Akron, 2007-2008, Postdoctoral researcher. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 2005-2007, Postdoctoral researcher. George Washington University, Washington DC, 1998-2004, Ph.D. The University of Iceland, Reykjavík, 1992-1995, B.Sc. PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS University of Vermont, Burlington. 2016-present, Associate Professor. University of Vermont, Burlington, 2012-2016, Assistant Professor. University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, 2008-2012, Assistant Professor. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 2004-2007, 2010- present. Research Associate. Hubei University, Wuhan, China. Adjunct Professor. 2016-present. Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavík, 1995-1998. Researcher (Icelandic invertebrates). Institute of Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, 1993-1994. Research Assistant (rocky shore ecology). GRANTS Institute of Museum and Library Services (MA-30-19-0642-19), 2019-2021, co-PI ($222,010). Museums for America Award for infrastructure and staff salaries. National Geographic Society (WW-203R-17), 2017-2020, PI ($30,000). Caribbean Caves as biodiversity drivers and natural units for conservation. National Science Foundation (IOS-1656460), 2017-2021: one of four PIs (total award $903,385 thereof $128,259 to UVM). -
Distribution of Spiders in Coastal Grey Dunes
kaft_def 7/8/04 11:22 AM Pagina 1 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY D ISTRIBUTION OF SPIDERS IN COASTAL GREY DUNES Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY- ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL - ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL Dries Bonte Dispersal is crucial in structuring species distribution, population structure and species ranges at large geographical scales or within local patchily distributed populations. The knowledge of dispersal evolution, motivation, its effect on metapopulation dynamics and species distribution at multiple scales is poorly understood and many questions remain unsolved or require empirical verification. In this thesis we contribute to the knowledge of dispersal, by studying both ecological and evolutionary aspects of spider dispersal in fragmented grey dunes. Studies were performed at the individual, population and assemblage level and indicate that behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal, con- siderably show [adaptive] variation in function of habitat quality and geometry. Dispersal also determines spider distribution patterns and metapopulation dynamics. Consequently, our results stress the need to integrate knowledge on behavioural ecology within the study of ecological landscapes. / Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eckhart Kuijken [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Dries Bonte Conservation] Co-promotor: Prf. Dr. Jean-Pierre Maelfait [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Conservation] and Prof. Dr. Luc lens [Ghent University] Date of public defence: 6 February 2004 [Ghent University] Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004 Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes: spatial patterns and evolutionary-ecological importance of dispersal Verspreiding van spinnen in grijze kustduinen: ruimtelijke patronen en evolutionair-ecologisch belang van dispersie door Dries Bonte Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof. -
A Chromosomal Study of 11 Species of Psyllinea (Insecta: Homoptera)
© Comparative Cytogenetics, 2007 . Vol. 1, No. 2, P. 149-154. ISSN 1993-0771 (Print), ISSN 1993-078X (Online) A chromosomal study of 11 species of Psyllinea (Insecta: Homoptera) E.S. Labina Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Meiotic karyotypes in males of 10 species (assigned to 5 genera and 3 subfamilies) of the family Psyllidae and one species of the family Triozidae are described for the first time. The first data on the genus Crastina are presented. All the species were shown to exhibit the usual (modal) psyllid karyotype of 2n = 24 + X except for Craspedolepta villosa and Crastina myricariae, in which 2n = 22 + X and 2n = 24 + XY are found respectively. Key words: Psyllinea, karyotypes, sex chromosome systems. INTRODUCTION maining three families only few species were in- vestigated: 3 in Calophyidae, 2 in Carsidaridae, Psyllids or jumping plant-lice (Homoptera, and 4 in Homotomidae. In the family Phaco- Sternorrhyncha, Psyllinea) are widely distributed pteronidae no species has been examined cytoge- mono- or oligophagous phloem-sucking insects netically. feeding on dicotyledonous plants. This suborder Psyllids possess holokinetic chromosomes that includes approximately three thousands species are characteristic for Homoptera as a whole. The (Burckhardt, Kofler, 2004). Many psyllids are psyllid karyotypes show high uniformity. One hun- known to be pests of cultivated plants. dred and sixty of the studied species (i.e., approxi- Although in the last few decades there has been mately 85%) exhibit 24 autosomes and one or two considerable study of the taxonomy and phyloge- X-chromosomes in male and female complements netic relationships of psyllids, there is still much respectively. -
A Taxonomic Study of Jumping Plant Lice of the Subfamily Liviinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in Central America
PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA A taxonomic study of jumping plant lice of the subfamily Liviinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in Central America Bakalářská práce ELIZAVETA KVINIKADZE Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Igor Malenovský, Ph.D.Mgr. Igor Malenovský, Ph.D. Ústav botaniky a zoologie Obor Ekologická a evoluční biologie Brno 2021 Bibliografický záznam Autor: Elizaveta Kvinikadze Přírodovědecká fakulta Masarykova univerzita Ústav botaniky a zoologie Název práce: A taxonomic study of jumping plant lice of the subfamily Liviinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in Central America Studijní program: Ekologická a evoluční biologie Studijní obor: Ekologická a evoluční biologie Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Igor Malenovský, Ph.D. Rok: 2021 Počet stran: 92 Klíčová slova: Central America, Liviinae, Diclidophlebia, new species, Melastomataceae, biocontrol agent A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF JUMPING PLANT LICE OF THE SUBFAMILY LIVIINAE (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLOIDEA) IN CENTRAL AMERICA Bibliographic record Author: Elizaveta Kvinikadze Faculty of Science Masaryk University Department of Botany and Zoology Title of Thesis: A taxonomic study of jumping plant lice of the subfamily Liviinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in Central America Degree Programme: Ecological and Evolutionary Biology Field of Study: Ecological and Evolutionary Biology Supervisor: Mgr. Igor Malenovský, Ph.D. Year: 2021 Number of Pages: 92 Keywords: Central America, Liviinae, Diclidophlebia, new species, Melastomataceae, biocontrol agent 3 Anotace Mery (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psylloidea) jsou fytofágní hmyz většinou úzce specializovaný na své hostitelské rostliny, a proto potenciálně vyu- žitelný v biologické regulaci invazních druhů rostlin. Miconia calvescens (Melastomataceae) je dřevina původně rozšířená ve Střední a Jižní Ame- rice, představující dnes riziko pro mnoho tropických ekosystémů. Rod Diclidophlebia Crawford, 1920 (Liviidae: Liviinae) je nadějná skupina mer pro vyhledání vhodných druhů pro potlačení této invazní rostliny. -
Efficacy and Host Specificity Compared Between Two Populations of The
Biological Control 65 (2013) 53–62 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Biological Control journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Efficacy and host specificity compared between two populations of the psyllid Aphalara itadori, candidates for biological control of invasive knotweeds in North America ⇑ Fritzi Grevstad a, , Richard Shaw b, Robert Bourchier c, Paolo Sanguankeo d, Ghislaine Cortat e, Richard C. Reardon f a Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA b CABI, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, United Kingdom c Agriculture and AgriFood Canada-Lethbridge Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada T1J 4B1 d Olympic Natural Resources Center, University of Washington, Forks, WA 98331, USA e CABI, CH 2800 Delemont, Switzerland f USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA highlights graphical abstract " Two populations of the psyllid Aphalara itadori are effective at reducing knotweed growth and biomass. " The two populations differ in their performance among different knotweed species. " Development of A. itadori occurred infrequently on several non-target plant species. " The psyllid exhibited non-preference and an inability to persist on non- target plants. article info abstract Article history: Invasive knotweeds are large perennial herbs in the Polygonaceae in the genus Fallopia that are native to Received 2 February 2012 Asia and invasive in North America. They include Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed), F. sachalinensis Accepted 4 January 2013 (giant knotweed), and a hybrid species F. x bohemica (Bohemian knotweed). Widespread throughout Available online 12 January 2013 the continent and difficult to control by mechanical or chemical methods, these plants are good targets for classical biological control. -
Assessment of Forest Pests and Diseases in Native Boxwood Forests of Georgia Final Report
Assessment of Forest Pests and Diseases in Native Boxwood Forests of Georgia Final report Dr. Iryna Matsiakh Forestry Department, Ukrainian National Forestry University (Lviv) Tbilisi 2016 TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES .................................................................................................................................. 2 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................... 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................................. 6 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................................. 10 1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................ 11 1.1. Biodiversity of Georgia ........................................................................................................................................ 11 1.2. Forest Ecosystems .................................................................................................................................................. 12 1.3. Boxwood Forests in Forests Habitat Classification ................................................................................. 14 1.4. Georgian Forests Habitat in the Context of Climate Change -
Psyllid Host-Plants (Hemiptera: Psylloidea): Resolving a Semantic Problem
242 Florida Entomologist 97(1) March 2014 PSYLLID HOST-PLANTS (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLOIDEA): RESOLVING A SEMANTIC PROBLEM 1,* 2 3 2 DANIEL BURCKHARDT , DAVID OUVRARD , DALVA QUEIROZ AND DIANA PERCY 1Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland 2Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 3Embrapa Florestas, Colombo/PR, Brazil *Corresponding author; E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Evolutionary and biological patterns can be obscured by inadequate or ill-defined terminol- ogy. An example is the generally very specific relationship between the sap-feeding hemip- teran group, psyllids, and their breeding plants, commonly called host-plants. The literature is clogged with references to so called ‘hosts’, which are often merely plants on which psyllids were found accidentally, and no immature development was detected. Recently the term host has also been applied by some authors to any plant on which immature or adults feed. Here we propose a terminology to clarify associated plant definitions, and we suggest restricting the use of the term host-plant to plants on which a psyllid species completes its immature to adult life cycle. For the other plant associations we suggest the terms overwintering or shel- ter plant (plants on which adult psyllids overwinter and on which they may feed), food plant (plants on which adult psyllids feed, but do not breed and do not spend an extended period of time) and casual plant (plants on which adult psyllids land but do not feed). Key Words: jumping plant-lice, psyllids, host-plant, terminology RESUMEN Patrones evolutivos y biológicos pueden ser oscurecidas por la terminología inadecuada o mal definida. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Agricultural and Food Science, Vol. 20 (2011): 117 S
AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD A gricultural A N D F O O D S ci ence Vol. 20, No. 1, 2011 Contents Hyvönen, T. 1 Preface Agricultural anD food science Hakala, K., Hannukkala, A., Huusela-Veistola, E., Jalli, M. and Peltonen-Sainio, P. 3 Pests and diseases in a changing climate: a major challenge for Finnish crop production Heikkilä, J. 15 A review of risk prioritisation schemes of pathogens, pests and weeds: principles and practices Lemmetty, A., Laamanen J., Soukainen, M. and Tegel, J. 29 SC Emerging virus and viroid pathogen species identified for the first time in horticultural plants in Finland in IENCE 1997–2010 V o l . 2 0 , N o . 1 , 2 0 1 1 Hannukkala, A.O. 42 Examples of alien pathogens in Finnish potato production – their introduction, establishment and conse- quences Special Issue Jalli, M., Laitinen, P. and Latvala, S. 62 The emergence of cereal fungal diseases and the incidence of leaf spot diseases in Finland Alien pest species in agriculture and Lilja, A., Rytkönen, A., Hantula, J., Müller, M., Parikka, P. and Kurkela, T. 74 horticulture in Finland Introduced pathogens found on ornamentals, strawberry and trees in Finland over the past 20 years Hyvönen, T. and Jalli, H. 86 Alien species in the Finnish weed flora Vänninen, I., Worner, S., Huusela-Veistola, E., Tuovinen, T., Nissinen, A. and Saikkonen, K. 96 Recorded and potential alien invertebrate pests in Finnish agriculture and horticulture Saxe, A. 115 Letter to Editor. Third sector organizations in rural development: – A Comment. Valentinov, V. 117 Letter to Editor. Third sector organizations in rural development: – Reply.