Howard Associate Professor of Natural History and Curator Of

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Howard Associate Professor of Natural History and Curator Of INGI AGNARSSON PH.D. Howard Associate Professor of Natural History and Curator of Invertebrates, Department of Biology, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405-0086 E-mail: [email protected]; Web: http://theridiidae.com/ and http://www.islandbiogeography.org/; Phone: (+1) 802-656-0460 CURRICULUM VITAE SUMMARY PhD: 2004. #Pubs: 138. G-Scholar-H: 42; i10: 103; citations: 6173. New species: 74. Grants: >$2,500,000. PERSONAL Born: Reykjavík, Iceland, 11 January 1971 Citizenship: Icelandic Languages: (speak/read) – Icelandic, English, Spanish; (read) – Danish; (basic) – German PREPARATION University of Akron, Akron, 2007-2008, Postdoctoral researcher. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 2005-2007, Postdoctoral researcher. George Washington University, Washington DC, 1998-2004, Ph.D. The University of Iceland, Reykjavík, 1992-1995, B.Sc. PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS University of Vermont, Burlington. 2016-present, Associate Professor. University of Vermont, Burlington, 2012-2016, Assistant Professor. University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, 2008-2012, Assistant Professor. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 2004-2007, 2010- present. Research Associate. Hubei University, Wuhan, China. Adjunct Professor. 2016-present. Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavík, 1995-1998. Researcher (Icelandic invertebrates). Institute of Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, 1993-1994. Research Assistant (rocky shore ecology). GRANTS Institute of Museum and Library Services (MA-30-19-0642-19), 2019-2021, co-PI ($222,010). Museums for America Award for infrastructure and staff salaries. National Geographic Society (WW-203R-17), 2017-2020, PI ($30,000). Caribbean Caves as biodiversity drivers and natural units for conservation. National Science Foundation (IOS-1656460), 2017-2021: one of four PIs (total award $903,385 thereof $128,259 to UVM). Collaborative Research: Comparative analyses of structural designs underlying functional performance of the toughest spider silk. UVM Small Grants Research Award. 2016, PI ($3,000). Diversification in Caribbean caves. Smithsonian Institution Biogenomics/Global Genome Initiative Grant Program. 2015, one of three co-PIs with PI Coddington ($20,000). Anchored enrichment phylogeny of spiders based on diverse genome quality tissue sampling. National Science Foundation (DBI-1349205), 2014-2017: co-PI, ($471,072), “CSBR: Natural History: Launching the University of Vermont Natural History Museum Step One: Securing the Collections“ (with PI D. Barrington and co-PI C.W. Kilpatrick). ARRS-Slovenian Research Agency, 2015-2016, co-PI on Bilateral grant Slovenia-USA, with M. Kuntner: “Biology of spiders in the phylogenomic era” (3,500€) Smithsonian Institution 2013 SI Barcode Network, 2013-2019, PI with Jonathan A. Coddington, ($20,000): Barcoding a Mega-diverse Group in a Biodiversity Hotspot – Diversity and Biogeography of Arachnids in the Caribbean. National Science Foundation (DEB-1050187-1050253), 2011-2016, PI, ($833,000). “Collaborative Research: the generation of a biodiversity hotspot - paleobiogeography of the Caribbean inferred from multiple arachnid lineages with differing dispersal abilities” (with PI G. Binford and co-PI P. Selden). The grant originally based at UPR (1050187) was transferred to UVM in 2012, at the remaining amount of $543,632 and designated the new grant number DEB-1314749. National Geographic Society Global Exploration Fund (GEFNE29-11), 2011-2013, PI ($21,100): “Islands on islands: biogeography of spider web parasites and their hosts in the Indian Ocean” National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration (8655-09), 2008-2010, PI, ($23,750): “Casting spider webs across Malagasy rivers: extraordinary silk in giant orb webs” Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS 207-26), collaborator on a postdoctoral grant, PI Helen Smith (198.000AUD), current. Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS Z1-9799-0618-07) PI - research fellowship (~140.000$), 2007- 2009. Killam Postdoctoral Fellowship (~85.000$), PI, University of British Colombia, 2004-2006. The Biodiversity of the Guianas, 2005, (8.000$, with J. Coddington, J. Miller, and M. Kuntner), for fieldwork in French Guiana Smithsonian Small Grants Program, 2005, (4.000$, with J. Coddington, J. Miller, and M. Kuntner), for fieldwork in French Guiana Fulbright Student Grant for Foreign Students (IIE 159 85610; 12.000$), 1998-2003. Doctoral fellowship, 1998-2004, funded by a National Science Foundation PEET grant to Gustavo Hormiga and Jonathan Coddington (DOEB 9712353). Sallee Charitable Trust, 2000, (7.000$, with M. Kuntner) fieldwork in S. Africa and Madagascar PATENTS UA 737 PCT, Humidity Responsive Materials and Systems and Methods Using Humidity Responsive Materials. USA application in process. UA PCT 62/771,210 and 62/753,126. Silk nucleotides and proteins composing the toughest biological material and methods of use. Application in process (notice of recordation received Nov 2019). ACADEMIC SERVICES AND PUBLIC OUTREACH Member – UVM CAS Faculty Standards Committee, 2018-present. ‘Senator’ – UVM Faculty Senate for the Department of Biology, 2014-2016, 2017-present. Director – UVM Department of Biology Undergraduate Research Director, 2017-2018. Scientific program organizer – XX International Congress of Arachnology, Golden, Colorado, 2-9 July 2016. Member – UVM Suiter/Aple committee (student research and travel funds), 2013-2015. Director – American Arachnological Society (2012-2014). Editorial Board Zookeys (2013-present), Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, section Social Evolution 2014-present, Hacquetia, 2007-present. Associate Editor, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013-present, Journal of Arachnology (Systematics and Taxonomy) 2007-2012. Reviewing for (among dozens): Acta Oecologica, Animal Behavior, Arthropoda Selecta, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Biodiversity and Conservation, Biology Letters, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, BMC Evolutionary Biology, BMC Genomics, Cladistics, Ecography, Ecological Entomology, Ethology, Ethology Ecology & Evolution, European Journal of Entomology, Evolution, Fauna of Arabia, Frontiers in Zoology, GENE, Genome Biology and Evolution, Genome Biology and Evolution, Genetica, GREENART, Hacquetia, Insectes Sociaux, Invertebrate Systematics, ISRN Evolutionary Biology, Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Journal of Arachnology, Journal of Biogeography, Journal of Ethology, Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal of Experimental Zoology A, Journal of Insect Behavior, Journal of Molecular Evolution, Journal of Natural History, Journal of Zoology, Molecular Ecology, Molecular Ecology Resources, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, National Science Foundation, Nature Communications, Naturwissenschaften, Oecologia, Pacific Science, Palaios, PeerJ, PLoS One, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, PNAS, Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, Royal Society Interface, Spider Genera of North America, Systematic Biology, Tuhinga, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoological Science, Zoology, Zookeys, Zootaxa. Interactive Key, Agnarsson I. 2003a. Interactive Key to the World Genera of Cobweb Spiders (Theridiidae), version 1.0 beta. George Washington University, online at http://www.gwu.edu/~spiders/keys.htm. Scientific advisor for television series: BBC series ‘Wonders of Life”, Episode 3: Endless forms most beautiful. 2013. BBC, Attenborough series ‘The Hunt’, Episode 1: The Hardest Challenge. 2015. CBBC series ‘Beyond Bionic.’ Episode 10: Darwin Bark Spider. 2018. Press coverage and interviews (selection): August 2006: New Scientist http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9820-societyfocused-spiders-live-and-hunt- together.html, Science 360 http://news.science360.gov/archives/20090616_breaking_story.aspx. December 2006: Science (314: 1516). April 2009: Journal of Zoology “podcast” http://www.wiley.com/bw/podcast/jzo.asp. May 2009: BBC http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8064000/8064075.stm, Inside JEB (J. Exp. Biol. 2009, 212: ii), Teheran Times. June 2009: weirdscience.ca, New Scientist http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20227135.800-spider-silk-could-yield- superpowerful-muscle.html, Science News ScienceShots http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/science-shots/. July 2009: Cosmos Magazine http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/news/2842/how-sticky-too-sticky. November 2009: “Inspirations” interview in The Systematics 29, online: http://systass.org/newsletter/TheSystematist29-cover.pdf, BBC http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8383000/8383070.stm. December 2009: YouTube on Nakanai spiders, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvPPITjcHnw. September 2010: BBC http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_9001000/9001866.stm, Science News http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2010/09/malagasy-spiders-spin-the-worlds.html, National Geographic http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/09/photogalleries/100917-darwins-bark-spider-new-species-spider-webs-madagascar-science- pictures-strongest/?now=2010-09-17-00:01#/huge-spider-webs-kid_26176_600x450.jpg, Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin's_bark_spider, EoL, The Sun, Time Magazine, Live Science, various media worldwide. October 2010: Science (330: 21), Science News http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2010/10/new-species- slideshow.html, New Scientist: http://www.newscientist.com/gallery/dn19531-new-species-discovered-in-papua-new-guinea,
Recommended publications
  • THE SPIDER FAMILIES of EUROPE: Keys, Diagnoses and Diversity DIE
    BEITR. ARANEOL., 8 (2012) THE SPIDER FAMILIES OF EUROPE: keys, diagnoses and diversity A bilingual manual, 192 pp., 165 drawings, linked to 450 coloured photos in a separate volume DIE SPINNEN-FAMILIEN EUROPAS: Bestimmung, Merkmale und Vielfalt Ein zweisprachiges Handbuch, 192 Seiten, 165 Zeichnungen, verbunden mit 450 Farbfotos in einem gesonderten Band Joerg Wunderlich (ed.) BEITR. ARANEOL., 8 (2012) Photos on the front cover / Fotos auf dem Buchdeckel: On the left: Frontal aspect of a Jumping Spider (Salticidae) in Eocene Baltic amber. Note the huge anterior median eyes. Links: Eine Springspinne in Baltischem Bernstein, Vorderansicht. Man beachte die sehr großen, scheinwerferartig nach vorn gerichteten vorderen Mittelaugen. On the right: A male sparassid spider of Eusparassus dufouri SIMON on sand, Portugal. Note the laterigrade leg position of this very large spider, which legs spun seven cms. Rechts: Männliche Riesenkrabbenspinne (Sparassidae) (Eusparassus dufouri) auf Sand, Portugal. Man beachte die zur Seite gerichteten Beine dieser sehr großen Spinne mit einer Spannweite der Vorderbeine von sieben Zentimetern. 1 2 BEITR. ARANEOL., 8 (2012) THE SPIDER FAMILIES OF EUROPE: keys, diagnoses and diversity A bilingual manual, 192 pp., 165 drawings, linked to 450 coloured photos in a separate volume DIE SPINNEN-FAMILIEN EUROPAS: Bestimmung, Merkmale und Vielfalt Ein zweisprachiges Handbuch, 192 Seiten, 165 Zeichnungen, verbunden mit 450 Farbfotos in einem gesonderten Band Editor and author: JOERG WUNDERLICH © Publishing House: Joerg Wunderlich, 69493 Hirschberg, Germany Print: M + M Druck GmbH, Heidelberg. Orders for this and other volume(s) of the Beitr. Araneol. (see p. 192): Publishing House Joerg Wunderlich Oberer Haeuselbergweg 24 69493 Hirschberg Germany E-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978-3-931473-14-2 3 BEITR.
    [Show full text]
  • A Checklist of the Non -Acarine Arachnids
    Original Research A CHECKLIST OF THE NON -A C A RINE A R A CHNIDS (CHELICER A T A : AR A CHNID A ) OF THE DE HOOP NA TURE RESERVE , WESTERN CA PE PROVINCE , SOUTH AFRIC A Authors: ABSTRACT Charles R. Haddad1 As part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) in conserved areas, arachnids Ansie S. Dippenaar- were collected in the De Hoop Nature Reserve in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The Schoeman2 survey was carried out between 1999 and 2007, and consisted of five intensive surveys between Affiliations: two and 12 days in duration. Arachnids were sampled in five broad habitat types, namely fynbos, 1Department of Zoology & wetlands, i.e. De Hoop Vlei, Eucalyptus plantations at Potberg and Cupido’s Kraal, coastal dunes Entomology University of near Koppie Alleen and the intertidal zone at Koppie Alleen. A total of 274 species representing the Free State, five orders, 65 families and 191 determined genera were collected, of which spiders (Araneae) South Africa were the dominant taxon (252 spp., 174 genera, 53 families). The most species rich families collected were the Salticidae (32 spp.), Thomisidae (26 spp.), Gnaphosidae (21 spp.), Araneidae (18 2 Biosystematics: spp.), Theridiidae (16 spp.) and Corinnidae (15 spp.). Notes are provided on the most commonly Arachnology collected arachnids in each habitat. ARC - Plant Protection Research Institute Conservation implications: This study provides valuable baseline data on arachnids conserved South Africa in De Hoop Nature Reserve, which can be used for future assessments of habitat transformation, 2Department of Zoology & alien invasive species and climate change on arachnid biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeography of the Caribbean Cyrtognatha Spiders Klemen Čandek1,6,7, Ingi Agnarsson2,4, Greta J
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Biogeography of the Caribbean Cyrtognatha spiders Klemen Čandek1,6,7, Ingi Agnarsson2,4, Greta J. Binford3 & Matjaž Kuntner 1,4,5,6 Island systems provide excellent arenas to test evolutionary hypotheses pertaining to gene fow and Received: 23 July 2018 diversifcation of dispersal-limited organisms. Here we focus on an orbweaver spider genus Cyrtognatha Accepted: 1 November 2018 (Tetragnathidae) from the Caribbean, with the aims to reconstruct its evolutionary history, examine Published: xx xx xxxx its biogeographic history in the archipelago, and to estimate the timing and route of Caribbean colonization. Specifcally, we test if Cyrtognatha biogeographic history is consistent with an ancient vicariant scenario (the GAARlandia landbridge hypothesis) or overwater dispersal. We reconstructed a species level phylogeny based on one mitochondrial (COI) and one nuclear (28S) marker. We then used this topology to constrain a time-calibrated mtDNA phylogeny, for subsequent biogeographical analyses in BioGeoBEARS of over 100 originally sampled Cyrtognatha individuals, using models with and without a founder event parameter. Our results suggest a radiation of Caribbean Cyrtognatha, containing 11 to 14 species that are exclusively single island endemics. Although biogeographic reconstructions cannot refute a vicariant origin of the Caribbean clade, possibly an artifact of sparse outgroup availability, they indicate timing of colonization that is much too recent for GAARlandia to have played a role. Instead, an overwater colonization to the Caribbean in mid-Miocene better explains the data. From Hispaniola, Cyrtognatha subsequently dispersed to, and diversifed on, the other islands of the Greater, and Lesser Antilles. Within the constraints of our island system and data, a model that omits the founder event parameter from biogeographic analysis is less suitable than the equivalent model with a founder event.
    [Show full text]
  • Supraspecific Names in Spider Systematic and Their Nomenclatural Problems
    Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 55: 42-45 Karlsruhe, April 2018 Supraspecific names in spider systematic and their nomenclatural problems Yuri M. Marusik doi: 10.30963/aramit5507 Abstract. Three different types of the names used in spider systematics are recognized and discussed: 1) typified taxonomic names, 2) non-typified taxonomic names, and 3) non-taxonomic names. Typified names are those from genus to superfamily group names; they are regulated by the ICZN. Non-typified names are used for taxonomic groups higher than superfamilies (e.g., Haplogynae, Mesothelae, etc.); they are not regulated by the ICZN but have an authorship, a fixed year of publication and are incorporated in a hierarchical classification. Non-taxonomic names are not regulated by any formal rules, unranked, have no authorship or description, and are non-typified. Some difficulties connected with the non-typified names in spider systematics are briefly discussed. Senior synonyms of some non-typified and non-taxonomic names are discussed, and suggestions are given on how to deal with the non-typified names lacking senior synonyms. Keywords: clade name, non-typified name, typified name. Zusammenfassung. Supraspezifische Namen in der Spinnensystematik und ihre nomenklatorischen Probleme. Drei verschie- dene Namenstypen in der Spinnensystematik werden diskutiert: 1) typisierte taxonomische Namen, 2) nicht-typisierte taxonomische Namen sowie 3) nicht-taxonomische Namen. Typisierte Namen reichen von Gattungen bis zu Überfamilien und sind durch die ICZN reguliert. Nicht-typisierte Namen werden für taxonomische Einheiten oberhalb von Überfamilien verwendet (z. B. Haplogynae, Meso- thelae), sind nicht durch die ICZN reguliert, haben aber Autoren, ein Erstbeschreibungsjahr und werden in hierarchischen Klassifikatio- nen verwendet.
    [Show full text]
  • How Non-Nestmates Affect the Cohesion of Swarming Groups in Social Spiders
    Insect. Soc. 55 (2008) 355 – 359 0020-1812/08/040355-5 Insectes Sociaux DOI 10.1007/s00040-008-1011-8 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2008 Research article How non-nestmates affect the cohesion of swarming groups in social spiders A.-C. Mailleux1, R. Furey2, F. Saffre1, B. Krafft4 and J.-L. Deneubourg1 1 Service dÉcologie Sociale, Campus de la Plaine, CP 231, UniversitØ Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2 Harrisburg University of Science and Technology 866, HBG.UNIV 215, Market Street, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17101 USA, e-mail: [email protected] 3 UniversitØ Nancy 2, Rue Baron Louis, BP 454 Code postal 54001 Ville Nancy Cedex, France, e-mail: [email protected] Received 30 October 2007; revised 3 April and 19 May 2008; accepted 22 May 2008. Published Online First 17 June 2008 Abstract. In social biology, it is often considered that an Fletcher and Michener, 1987). Unlike most vertebrate organized society cannot exist without exclusion behav- and invertebrate societies (Hepper, 1986; Fletcher and iour towards newcomers from another nest. Unlike most Michener, 1987), social spiders accept artificially intro- vertebrate and invertebrate social species, social spiders duced immigrants without apparent discrimination or such as Anelosimus eximius accept unrelated migrants agonistic behaviour (Evans, 1999). This absence of group without agonistic behaviour. Does it imply that spiders closure prompts some authors to suggest that spiders cannot recognize non-nestmates from nestmates or is cannot identify newcomers (Buskirk, 1981; Howard, there any evidence of recognition without aggression ? In 1982; Darchen and Delage-Darchen, 1986; Pasquet et order to answer this question, we studied behavioural al., 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Sexual Selection Research on Spiders: Progress and Biases
    Biol. Rev. (2005), 80, pp. 363–385. f Cambridge Philosophical Society 363 doi:10.1017/S1464793104006700 Printed in the United Kingdom Sexual selection research on spiders: progress and biases Bernhard A. Huber* Zoological Research Institute and Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany (Received 7 June 2004; revised 25 November 2004; accepted 29 November 2004) ABSTRACT The renaissance of interest in sexual selection during the last decades has fuelled an extraordinary increase of scientific papers on the subject in spiders. Research has focused both on the process of sexual selection itself, for example on the signals and various modalities involved, and on the patterns, that is the outcome of mate choice and competition depending on certain parameters. Sexual selection has most clearly been demonstrated in cases involving visual and acoustical signals but most spiders are myopic and mute, relying rather on vibrations, chemical and tactile stimuli. This review argues that research has been biased towards modalities that are relatively easily accessible to the human observer. Circumstantial and comparative evidence indicates that sexual selection working via substrate-borne vibrations and tactile as well as chemical stimuli may be common and widespread in spiders. Pattern-oriented research has focused on several phenomena for which spiders offer excellent model objects, like sexual size dimorphism, nuptial feeding, sexual cannibalism, and sperm competition. The accumulating evidence argues for a highly complex set of explanations for seemingly uniform patterns like size dimorphism and sexual cannibalism. Sexual selection appears involved as well as natural selection and mechanisms that are adaptive in other contexts only. Sperm competition has resulted in a plethora of morpho- logical and behavioural adaptations, and simplistic models like those linking reproductive morphology with behaviour and sperm priority patterns in a straightforward way are being replaced by complex models involving an array of parameters.
    [Show full text]
  • Redescription and Generic Placement of the Spider Cryptachaea
    Zootaxa 3507: 38–56 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8EDE33EB-3C43-4DFA-A1F4-5CC86DED76C8 Redescription and generic placement of the spider Cryptachaea gigantipes (Keyserling, 1890) (Araneae: Theridiidae) and notes on related synanthropic species in Australasia HELEN M. SMITH1,5, COR J. VINK2,3, BRIAN M. FITZGERALD4 & PHIL J. SIRVID4 1 Australian Museum, 6 College St, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Biosecurity & Biocontrol, AgResearch, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Entomology Research Museum, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. 4 Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 5 Corresponding author Abstract Cryptachaea gigantipes (Keyserling, 1890) n. comb. is redescribed from fresh material, the female is described for the first time and notes on biology are given. Cryptachaea gigantipes has been recorded from natural habitats in south-eastern Australia, but is also commonly encountered around houses and other built structures, there and in the North Island of New Zealand. The earliest New Zealand records are from the year 2000 and it would appear that the species has been accidentally introduced due to its synanthropic tendencies. The idea of a recent and limited initial introduction is supported by cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences, which are extremely homogeneous from New Zealand specimens compared to those from Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild About Learning
    WILD ABOUT LEARNING An Interdisciplinary Unit Fostering Discovery Learning Written on a 4th grade reading level, Wild Discoveries: Wacky New Animals, is perfect for every kid who loves wacky animals! With engaging full-color photos throughout, the book draws readers right into the animal action! Wild Discoveries features newly discovered species from around the world--such as the Shocking Pink Dragon and the Green Bomber. These wacky species are organized by region with fun facts about each one's amazing abilities and traits. The book concludes with a special section featuring new species discovered by kids! Heather L. Montgomery writes about science and nature for kids. Her subject matter ranges from snake tongues to snail poop. Heather is an award-winning teacher who uses yuck appeal to engage young minds. During a typical school visit, petrified parts and tree guts inspire reluctant writers and encourage scientific thinking. Heather has a B.S. in Biology and a M.S. in Environmental Education. When she is not writing, you can find her painting her face with mud at the McDowell Environmental Center where she is the Education Coordinator. Heather resides on the Tennessee/Alabama border. Learn more about her ten books at www.HeatherLMontgomery.com. Dear Teachers, Photo by Sonya Sones As I wrote Wild Discoveries: Wacky New Animals, I was astounded by how much I learned. As expected, I learned amazing facts about animals and the process of scientifically describing new species, but my knowledge also grew in subjects such as geography, math and language arts. I have developed this unit to share that learning growth with children.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>ANOLIS</I> LIZARDS in the FOOD WEBS of STRUCTURALLY
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2016 ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONAL SIMILARITY OF NATIVE AND INVASIVE ANOLIS LIZARDS IN THE FOOD WEBS OF STRUCTURALLY-SIMPLE HABITATS IN FLORIDA Nathan W. Turnbough University of Tennessee, Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Turnbough, Nathan W., "ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONAL SIMILARITY OF NATIVE AND INVASIVE ANOLIS LIZARDS IN THE FOOD WEBS OF STRUCTURALLY-SIMPLE HABITATS IN FLORIDA. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2016. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/4174 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Nathan W. Turnbough entitled "ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONAL SIMILARITY OF NATIVE AND INVASIVE ANOLIS LIZARDS IN THE FOOD WEBS OF STRUCTURALLY-SIMPLE HABITATS IN FLORIDA." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology Distilled Minimize Boom-And-Bust Cycles of Species Outbreaks and Ecosystem Imbalances
    COMMENT BOOKS & ARTS “Serengeti Rules”), which he shows are appli- cable both to the restoration of ecosystems and to the management of the biosphere. The same rule may carry different names in different biological contexts. The double- negative logic rule, for instance, enables a given gene product to feed back to slow down its own synthesis. In an ecosystem the same rule, known as top-down regulation, NHPA/PHOTOSHOT VINCE BURTON/ applies when the abundance of a predator (such as lynx) limits the rise in the popu- lation of prey (such as snowshoe hares). This is why, in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, the reintroduction of wolves has resulted in non-intuitive changes in hydrology and forest cover: wolves prey on elk, which disproportionately feed on streamside willows and tree seedlings. It is also why ecologists can continue to manage the Serengeti, and have been able to ‘rebuild’ a functioning ecosystem from scratch in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique. Carroll argues that the rules regulat- Interactions between predators and prey, such as lynxes and hares, can be modelled with biological rules. ing human bodily functions — which have improved medical care and driven drug dis- ECOLOGY covery — can be applied to ecosystems, to guide conservation and restoration, and to heal our ailing planet. His Serengeti Rules encapsulate the checks and balances that Biology distilled minimize boom-and-bust cycles of species outbreaks and ecosystem imbalances. Eco- Brian J. Enquist reflects on a blueprint to guide logical systems that are missing key regula- the recovery of life on Earth. tory players, such as predators, can collapse; if they are overtaken by organisms spread by human activities, such as the kudzu vine, a an biology become as predictive as the unification of biology ‘cancer-like’ growth of that species can result.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Insights Into the Phylogenetic Structure of the Spider
    MolecularBlackwell Publishing Ltd insights into the phylogenetic structure of the spider genus Theridion (Araneae, Theridiidae) and the origin of the Hawaiian Theridion-like fauna MIQUEL A. ARNEDO, INGI AGNARSSON & ROSEMARY G. GILLESPIE Accepted: 9 March 2007 Arnedo, M. A., Agnarsson, I. & Gillespie, R. G. (2007). Molecular insights into the phylo- doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00280.x genetic structure of the spider genus Theridion (Araneae, Theridiidae) and the origin of the Hawaiian Theridion-like fauna. — Zoologica Scripta, 36, 337–352. The Hawaiian happy face spider (Theridion grallator Simon, 1900), named for a remarkable abdominal colour pattern resembling a smiling face, has served as a model organism for under- standing the generation of genetic diversity. Theridion grallator is one of 11 endemic Hawaiian species of the genus reported to date. Asserting the origin of island endemics informs on the evolutionary context of diversification, and how diversity has arisen on the islands. Studies on the genus Theridion in Hawaii, as elsewhere, have long been hampered by its large size (> 600 species) and poor definition. Here we report results of phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences of five genes conducted on five diverse species of Hawaiian Theridion, along with the most intensive sampling of Theridiinae analysed to date. Results indicate that the Hawai- ian Islands were colonised by two independent Theridiinae lineages, one of which originated in the Americas. Both lineages have undergone local diversification in the archipelago and have convergently evolved similar bizarre morphs. Our findings confirm para- or polyphyletic status of the largest Theridiinae genera: Theridion, Achaearanea and Chrysso.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Checklist of Extant Endemic Species and Subspecies of the Windward Dutch Caribbean (St
    Preliminary checklist of extant endemic species and subspecies of the windward Dutch Caribbean (St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba and the Saba Bank) Authors: O.G. Bos, P.A.J. Bakker, R.J.H.G. Henkens, J. A. de Freitas, A.O. Debrot Wageningen University & Research rapport C067/18 Preliminary checklist of extant endemic species and subspecies of the windward Dutch Caribbean (St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba and the Saba Bank) Authors: O.G. Bos1, P.A.J. Bakker2, R.J.H.G. Henkens3, J. A. de Freitas4, A.O. Debrot1 1. Wageningen Marine Research 2. Naturalis Biodiversity Center 3. Wageningen Environmental Research 4. Carmabi Publication date: 18 October 2018 This research project was carried out by Wageningen Marine Research at the request of and with funding from the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality for the purposes of Policy Support Research Theme ‘Caribbean Netherlands' (project no. BO-43-021.04-012). Wageningen Marine Research Den Helder, October 2018 CONFIDENTIAL no Wageningen Marine Research report C067/18 Bos OG, Bakker PAJ, Henkens RJHG, De Freitas JA, Debrot AO (2018). Preliminary checklist of extant endemic species of St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba and Saba Bank. Wageningen, Wageningen Marine Research (University & Research centre), Wageningen Marine Research report C067/18 Keywords: endemic species, Caribbean, Saba, Saint Eustatius, Saint Marten, Saba Bank Cover photo: endemic Anolis schwartzi in de Quill crater, St Eustatius (photo: A.O. Debrot) Date: 18 th of October 2018 Client: Ministry of LNV Attn.: H. Haanstra PO Box 20401 2500 EK The Hague The Netherlands BAS code BO-43-021.04-012 (KD-2018-055) This report can be downloaded for free from https://doi.org/10.18174/460388 Wageningen Marine Research provides no printed copies of reports Wageningen Marine Research is ISO 9001:2008 certified.
    [Show full text]