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Swedish Contributions to the Fourteenth International Congress of Slavists

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Swedish Contributions to the Fourteenth International Congress of Slavists swedish contributions to the fourteenth international congress of slavists Per Ambrosiani (ed.) Swedish Contributions to the Fourteenth International Congress of Slavists (Ohrid, 10–16 September 2008) Umeå Studies in Language and Literature 6 Department of Language Studies Umeå University 2009 Umeå University Department of Language Studies SE-901 87 Umeå www.sprak.umu.se Umeå Studies in Language and Literature 6 © 2009 The authors Cover photograph: Sveti Zaum, Macedonia © 2008 Tora Hedin Cover layout: Gabriella Dekombis, Print & Media Printed in Sweden by Print & Media, Umeå 2009 ISBN 978-91-7264-814-2 Preface The present volume—the second separate volume with Swedish contributions to the International Congresses of Slavists1—includes seven articles by Swedish Slavists presented at the Fourteenth International Congress of Slavists, which was held in Ohrid, Macedonia, 10–16 September 2008.2 The articles cover the following topics: Russian historical parish names, Hunno- Bulgarian loanwords in the Slavic languages, linguistic variation in the spoken language of contemporary Czech television, seventeenth-century translations of German and Dutch phraseologisms into Russian, the history of the translation of the South Slavic folk ballad “The Wife of Hasan Aga” into Swedish, the image of women in the works of the Polish writers Natasza Goerke and Olga Tokarczuk, and the use of irony in Soviet totalitarian and anti-totalitarian discourse. The Swedish Association of Slavists (Svenska slavistförbundet)wishes to express its gratitude to the Department of Language Studies at Umeå University for the decision to accept the present volume in the series “Studier i språk och litteratur från Umeå universitet / Umeå Studies in Language and Literature”. The editor 1 Cf. Englund Dimitrova, B. & A. Pereswetoff-Morath (eds.), Swedish Contributions to the Thirteenth International Congress of Slavists, Ljubljana, 15–21 August 2003 (= Slavica Lundensia Supplementa 2), Lund 2003. 2 Three Swedish contributions are published elsewhere, see Gustavsson, Sven, “Slavenski književni mikrojezici, regionalni jezici i manjinski jezici”, in Duličenko, A.D. (ed.), Slavjanskoe jazykoznanie: pokidaja XX vek (= Slavica Tartuensia VIII), Tartu: Universitas Tartuensis, Kafedra slavjanskoj filologii 2008, pp. 54–62; Törnquist-Plewa, Barbara, “Flygande universitetets återkomst. Underjordisk undervisning som en motståndsstrategi i det polska samhället”, in Dietsch, J., Karlsson, K-G., Törnquist-Plewa, B. & U. Zander (eds.), Historia mot strömmen. Kultur och konflikt i det moderna Europa, Stockholm: Carlsson 2007, pp. 191–211; Zorikhina Nilsson, Nadezhda, “Negated imperative in Russian and other Slavic Languages. Aspectual and modal meanings”, in Josephson, F. & I. Söhrman (eds.), Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Language Typology in a Diachronical Perspective held at Göteborg University, May 18th–20th, 2006, Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins (in preparation). Contents Пер Амбросиани (Per Ambrosiani) Историческая топонимика Новгородской земли: названия погостов Водской пятины ……………………………………………………………………………9 Antoaneta Granberg Classification of the Hunno-Bulgarian Loan-Words in Slavonic ……………… 19 Tora Hedin Codification and Language Norm in Czech—Examples from a Corpus Analysis of Spoken Language in Television …………………………………………………… 33 Ингрид Майер (Ingrid Maier) Как московские переводчики XVII в. справлялись с фразеологизмами иностранных источников? (На материале переводов с немецкого и нидерландского языков) ……………………………………………………………… 47 Sonja Miladinović Tri “Hasanaginice” na švedskom ……………………………………………………… 67 Małgorzata Anna Packalén Nieobecna obecność: kobieca mimikra literackiej konwencji na przykładzie wybranych utworów Nataszy Goerke i Olgi Tokarczuk ………………………… 81 Людмила Пёппель (Ludmila Pöppel) Ирония в тоталитарном и антитоталитарном советском дискурсе ……… 93 Пер Амбросиани Историческая топонимика Новгородской земли: названия погостов Водской пятины 1. Территориальное деление бывшего Новгородского княжества в пятины – Водская, Шелонская, Обонежская, Деревская, Бежецкая – известно с кон- ца XV в.: она впервые засвидетельствована в писцовых книгах 1490–1505 гг. (ср. Баранов 1999:12–23). Сведения о территориальном делении Новгород- ской земли до 1490–х гг. малочисленны, но по всей видимости, уже до вве- дения пятин существовало древнее разделение земли по более мелким тер- риториальным единицам, погостам. Среди фактов, подтверждающих этот вывод, можно отметить, что границы пятин не совпадают везде с границами погостов: например, границей между Водской и Обонежской пятиной явля- ется река Волхов, тогда как большинство погостов вдоль этой реки охваты- вает территорию по обоим берегам ее. Водская пятина, которая охватывала значительную область к северу и се- верозападу от г. Новгорода в сегодняшней Новгородской и Ленинградской областях и в республике Карелия, была разделена на шесть уездов: Новгород- ский, Ямской, Копорский, Ореховский, Ладожский, и Корельский, с 57 по- гостами (ср. приложение).1 Самым важным архивным источником для изу- чения Водской пятины является писцовая книга 1499/1500 г., изданная уже в XIX в.2 В источниках засвидетельствована значительная орфографическая вари- ативность в написании названий погостов. Нормализованные К.А. Неволи- ным названия3 прежде всего основаны на написаниях, встречающихся в уже 1 Среди 60 территориальных единиц, описанных К.А. Неволиным (Неволин 1853:120–137) в составе Водской пятины, 57 называются погостами. Исключениями являются Ямское окологородье (Ямской уезд, ср. Неволин 1853:136, № 57), Заверяжье (Новгородский уезд, ср. Неволин 1853:125, № 18), и Малая Лопца (Ладожский уезд, ср. Неволин 1853:124, № 14). 2 Писцовая книга письма Дмитрия Васильевича Китаева и Никиты Семенова сына Губы Моклокова 7008 (1499/1500) г., доступная в изданиях НПК (том III, 1868 г.) и кн. М.А. Обо- ленского (Оболенский 1851–1852), ср. Баранов 1999:13. 3 Ср. Неволин 1853. В исследовательской литературе встречаются и другие нормализиро- ванные формы названий погостов. Например, в работе Селин 2003 (охватывающей только Новгородский и Ладожский уезды) Иванский Переездьский на Волхове погост (Неволин 1853) упоминается как Ивановский Переездовский погост (Селин 2003:79, 231). 10 • ПЕР АМБРОСИАНИ упомянутых писцовых книгах конца XV–начала XVI вв., но в более поздних источниках находим и другие написания: например, в материалах Новго- родской приказной избы начала XVII в.,4 Егорьевский Теребужский погост упоминается как Теребоский, Теребужский и Теребуский погост; Егорьевский Вздылицкий погост встречается в формах Вздылицкого, Вздылитцкого, Взды‑ лецкого и Вздылинского погоста. 2. В состав названий большинства погостов Водской пятины входят два глав- ных элемента, «церковное» название (А), и «нецерковное» название (Б). Кро- ме того, некоторые названия погостов содержат элемент локализации (л), со- стоящий из предлога на или в вместе с названием реки и т. п., указывающем на географическое положение погоста. Среди названий погостов, которые содержат как церковный, так и нецер- ковный элемент (двучленные названия) можно выделить два главных типа: 1. Тип АБ (42 погостов): Никольский Будковский пог., Дмитреевский Горо‑ денский пог., и др. 2. Тип АБ+л (5 погостов): Иванский Переездьский на Волхове пог., Успенский Коломенский на Волхове пог. (оба Новг.), Никольский Толдожский в Чуди пог., Воздвиженский Опольский в Чуди пог., (оба Ям.), Ильинский Замозский в Бегуницах пог. (Коп.). В архивных источниках нередко из двучленных названий погостов опуска- ется церковный элемент названия: например, Ильинский Тигодский погост встречается в форме Тигодского погоста, Богородицкий Дягиленский пог. на- зывается только Дягиленским погостом, и т. д. Кроме двучленных названий погостов встречаются также несколько ти- пов, которые содержат только один главный элемент (одночленные назва- ния). Можно выделить следующие типы: 1. Тип А+л (6 погостов): Петровский на Волхове пог., Спасский на Оредежи пог., и др. 2. Тип Б (3 погоста): Косицкий пог., Сабельский пог.,5 Каргальский пог. 3. Тип Б+л (1 погост): Солецкий на Волхове пог.6 4 Материалы Новгородской приказной избы от 1611–1617 гг. хранятся в составе фонда так называемого Новгородского Оккупационного Архива (НОА) в Государственном Ар- хиве Швеции, Стокгольм, см. Löfstrand & Nordqvist 2005. В 2008 г. опубликован русский перевод основной части этой работы, см. НОАКС. 5 Ср. Селин 2003:79, 173 Успенский Сабельский погост (тип АБ). 6 Ср. Селин 2003:79, 255 Рождественский Солецкий погост (тип АБ). ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ ТОПОНИМИКА НОВГОРОДСКОЙ ЗЕМЛИ • 11 Из одночленных названий иногда опускается элемент локализации: ср., на- пример, НПК, стлб. 82, где под рубрикой «Погостъ Спаской на Аредежы» на- писан текст «Въ Спаскомъ же погостѣ великого князя волости и села и де- ревни […]». 3.1. Церковные названия, как правило, являются производными от названий церквей, находящихся в главном селе погоста, «на погосте»7: ср., например, в Спасском на Оредежи пог. «На погостѣ церковь Спасъ-Преображенье» (НПК, стлб. 82), в Никольском Будковском пог. «на погостѣ церковь Велики Никола» (НПК, стлб. 278), в Егорьевском Вздылитцком пог. «на погостѣ церковь ве- ликій Георгій» (НПК, стлб. 861), и т. д. Самыми многочисленными являются «Никольские» погосты: в Новгородский уезд входят Никольский Будковский пог., Никольский Передольский пог., Никольский Пидебский пог.; в Ямской уезд Никольский Толдожский в Чуди пог.; в Копопорский уезд Никольский Грезневский пог., Никольский Суйдовский пог., Никольский Ястребинский пог.; в Ореховский уезд Никольский Ижорский
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