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309696 - MODULO DE MICROPROCESADORES & MICROCONTROLADORES HECTOR URIEL VILLAMIL GONZALEZ (Director Nacional)

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309696 - MODULO DE MICROPROCESADORES & MICROCONTROLADORES HECTOR URIEL VILLAMIL GONZALEZ (Director Nacional) UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA – UNAD Escuela de Ciencias Básicas Tecnología e Ingeniería Contenido didáctico del curso Microprocesadores y Microcontroladores UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BASICAS TECNOLOGIA E INGENIERIA PROGRAMA DE INGENIERIA ELECTRONICA 309696 - MODULO DE MICROPROCESADORES & MICROCONTROLADORES HECTOR URIEL VILLAMIL GONZALEZ (Director Nacional) MIGUEL PINTO APARICIO Acreditador CHIQUINQUIRA Julio de 2009 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA – UNAD Escuela de Ciencias Básicas Tecnología e Ingeniería Contenido didáctico del curso Microprocesadores y Microcontroladores INDICE DE CONTENIDO INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................... ix UNIDAD 1.............................................................................................................. 10 CAPÍTULO 1: MICROPROCESADOR, PRINCIPIOS BASICOS ....................... 11 Lección 1: Invención y evolución histórica del Microprocesador. ................... 11 lección 2: Bases numéricas, bits y bytes. ....................................................... 22 lección 3: Estructura interna y funcionamiento. .............................................. 27 lección 4: Registros y segmentos. .................................................................. 39 lección 5: Modos de direccionamiento. .......................................................... 40 CAPÍTULO 2: FAMILIAS DE MICROPROCESADORES................................... 43 lección 1: Principales familias de microprocesadores. ................................... 43 lección 2: Microprocesadores de 8 bits. ......................................................... 57 lección 3: Microprocesadores de 16 bits. ....................................................... 69 lección 4: Microprocesadores de 32 bits. ....................................................... 73 lección 5: Microprocesadores de 64 bits. ....................................................... 88 CAPÍTULO 3: ENSAMBLADOR (ASSEMBLER) ............................................... 92 lección 1: Fundamentos de programación. .................................................... 92 lección 2: Diagrama de flujo o bloques. ......................................................... 98 lección 3: Programación con debug y assembler. ........................................ 103 lección 4: Instrucciones básicas en assembler. ........................................... 111 lección 5: Ejemplos de aplicación. ............................................................... 119 ACTIVIDADES DE AUTOEVALUACIÓN DE LA UNIDAD ............................... 126 BIBLIOGRAFIA ................................................................................................ 127 UNIDAD 2: MICROCONTROLADORES ............................................................. 128 CAPÍTULO 4: INTRODUCCIÓN A LOS MICROCONTROLADORES ............. 129 lección 1: Generalidades de los microcontroladores. ................................... 129 lección 2: Sistemas microcontrolados. ......................................................... 135 lección 3: Diferencias entre sistemas basados en microprocesadores y microcontroladores. ...................................................................................... 139 lección 4: Arquitectura interna. ..................................................................... 144 lección 5: Familias de microcontroladores. .................................................. 151 CAPÍTULO 5 .................................................................................................... 164 MICROCONTROLADORES DE 8 BITS PIC16F84 y PIC16F877 ................... 164 lección 1: Microcontroladores pic. ................................................................ 164 lección 2: Modos de direccionamiento y diagrama de pines. ....................... 166 lección 3: Arquitectura, funcionamiento y set de instrucciones. ................... 170 lección 4: Puertos i/o y principales módulos en los pic. ............................... 185 lección 5: Herramientas de desarrollo y ejercicios básicos. ......................... 194 ii UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA – UNAD Escuela de Ciencias Básicas Tecnología e Ingeniería Contenido didáctico del curso Microprocesadores y Microcontroladores CAPÍTULO 6: MICROCONTROLADORES DE 8 BITS MOTOROLA FREESCALE MC68H(R)C908/JL3/JK3/JK1 .................................................... 202 lección 1: Familias de microcontroladores motorola freescale. .................... 202 lección 2: Modos de direccionamiento y diagrama de pines. ....................... 204 Funciones y diagrama de pines ................................................................... 205 lección 3: Arquitectura, funcionamiento y set de instrucciones. ................... 206 lección 4: Puertos I/O y principales módulos en los microcontroladores motorola freescale. ....................................................................................... 212 lección 5: Herramientas de desarrollo y ejercicios básicos. ......................... 226 ACTIVIDADES DE AUTOEVALUACIÓN DE LA UNIDAD ............................... 230 BIBLIOGRAFIA ................................................................................................ 232 UNIDAD 3:........................................................................................................... 233 CAPITULO 7: PROGRAMACION EN LOS MICROPROCESADORES Y MICROCONTROLADORES ............................................................................ 234 lección 1: Conceptos básicos de programación en microcontroladores. ...... 234 lección 2: Ensamblador en los microcontroladores. ..................................... 236 lección 3: Modos de direccionamiento. ........................................................ 239 lección 4: Programación en microcontroladores. ......................................... 241 lección 5: Ejercicios de programación en mplab. ......................................... 243 CAPITULO 8: PRIMEROS PASOS EN LA PROGRAMACION DE PICs ......... 249 lección 1: Introducción e implementación de circuitos. ................................ 249 lección 2: Subrutinas y llamados. ................................................................. 254 lección 3: Ramificaciones en los programas con pic. ................................... 256 lección 4: Consultas de tablas. ..................................................................... 259 lección 5: Operación de entrada/salida. ....................................................... 260 CAPITULO 9: PROYECTOS DE APLICACION ............................................... 263 lección 1: Manejo de display 7 segmentos. .................................................. 263 lección 2: Exploración de teclado. ................................................................ 265 lección 3: Interfaz pic – display lcd. .............................................................. 268 lección 4: Servicio de interrupción. ............................................................... 272 lección 5: Comunicación serial. .................................................................... 275 ACTIVIDADES DE AUTOEVALUACIÓN DE LA UNIDAD ............................... 279 BIBLIOGRAFIA ................................................................................................ 281 SOFTWARE LIBRE ............................................................................................. 282 RECURSOS AUDIOVISUALES .......................................................................... 283 GLOSARIO DE TÉRMINOS .......................................................................... 284 FUENTES DOCUMENTALES ............................................................................. 294 DOCUMENTOS IMPRESOS ....................................................................... 294 DIRECCIONES DE SITIOS WEB ................................................................ 295 iii UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA – UNAD Escuela de Ciencias Básicas Tecnología e Ingeniería Contenido didáctico del curso Microprocesadores y Microcontroladores LISTADO DE TABLAS Tabla 1. Evolución en el tiempo de las instrucciones por segundo. ...................... 21 Tabla 2. Conversión y códigos ............................................................................. 25 Tabla 3. Representación con signo en la ALU ...................................................... 33 Tabla 4. Generaciones Spark ................................................................................ 45 Tabla 5. Intel 8080 descripción de pines ............................................................... 59 Tabla 6. Descripción general de pines .................................................................. 60 Tabla 7. Intel 8085 Descripción de pines .............................................................. 62 Tabla 8. Señales de control del 8085 .................................................................... 63 Tabla 9. Bit en registro señalizador del 8085 ........................................................ 72 Tabla 10. Bit en registro señalizador del 80386 .................................................... 79 Tabla 11. Código maquina ................................................................................... 94 Tabla 12. Código maquina y nemotécnico ........................................................... 95 Tabla 13. Microcontroladores vs Microprocesadores .........................................
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