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Ent21 3 229 256 Sharova.Pmd Russian Entomol. J. 21(3): 229256 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2012 Æèçíåííûå ôîðìû è àäàïòèâíàÿ ðàäèàöèÿ ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö (Coleoptera: Carabidae) ìèðîâîé ôàóíû Life forms and adaptive radiation of ground beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the World fauna È.Õ. Øàðîâà, Ê.Â. Ìàêàðîâ I.Kh. Sharova, K.V. Makarov Ìîñêîâñêèé ïåäàãîãè÷åñêèé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé óíèâåðñèòåò, êàôåäðà çîîëîãèè è ýêîëîãèè, óë.Êèáàëü÷è÷à, ä. 6, êîðï. 5, Ìîñêâà 129278, Ðîññèÿ. E-mail: sharova.inessa@gmail.com; kvmac@inbox.ru Moscow State Pedagogical University, Department of Zoology & Ecology, Kibalchicha str. 6, build. 5, Moscow, 129278 Russia ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: ëè÷èíêè, æóæåëèöû, ìîðôîëîãèô, æèçíåííûå ôîðìû, àäàïòàöèè, ñïåêòðû æèçíåííûõ ôîðì, ïàðàëëåëèçì. KEY WORDS: larvae, Carabidae, morphology, life forms, adaptations, life form spectra, parallelism. ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Ïðåäëîæåíà èåðàðõè÷åñêàÿ ñèñòåìà âî÷íû è ñâîäèëèñü ê îïèñàíèþ îòäåëüíûõ âèäîâ. æèçíåííûõ ôîðì ëè÷èíîê Carabidae ìèðîâîé ôàóíû Îáîáùåíèå ýòèõ ñâåäåíèé ñòàëî âîçìîæíûì ëèøü ñ íà îñíîâå ñèíòåçà îðèãèíàëüíûõ è îïóáëèêîâàííûõ ïîÿâëåíèåì ïåðâûõ ñâîäîê ïî ìîðôîëîãèè è ñèñòå- äàííûõ ïî èõ ìîðôîëîãèè, ñèñòåìàòèêå è ýêîëîãèè. ìàòèêå ëè÷èíîê Carabidae [van Emden, 1942; Jeannel, Íîâàÿ ñèñòåìà æèçíåííûõ ôîðì ëè÷èíîê Carabidae 1941, 1942; Larsson, 1941].  Ðîññèè ïåðâûå îïðåäå- îòëè÷àåòñÿ îò ïðåæíåé [Øàðîâà, 1981] ââåäåíèåì ëèòåëè ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö áûëè ñîñòàâëåíû Çíîéêî äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ êàòåãîðèé.  ñèñòåìó âêëþ÷åíî 6 [1929], Ãèëÿðîâûì, Øàðîâîé [1954] è Øàðîâîé êëàññîâ è 45 ãðóïï æèçíåííûõ ôîðì, õàðàêåòðèçóþ- [1958, 1964]. Íàêîïëåííûå ñâåäåíèÿ î ëè÷èíêàõ ùèõñÿ êîìïëåêñîì ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêèõ è ïîâåäåí÷åñ- æóæåëèö ïîçâîëèëè èçó÷àòü èõ àäàïòèâíîå ìíîãî- êèõ àäàïòàöèé. Íà îñíîâå íîâîé ñèñòåìû æèçíåííûõ îáðàçèå. Âïåðâûå íåñêîëüêî ìîðôî-ýêîëîãè÷åñêèõ ôîðì ëè÷èíîê Carabidae ïðåäëîæåíà ãèïîòåçà èõ àäàï- òèïîâ ïî÷âîîáèòàþùèõ ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö âûäåëèë òèâíîé ðàäèàöèè îò ìàëîñïåöèàëèçèðîâàííûõ çîîôà- Ì.Ñ. Ãèëÿðîâ [1949]. Áîëåå ïîäðîáíàÿ ñèñòåìà æèç- ãîâ-ñòðàòîáèîíòîâ. Ïðèâåäåíû ïðèìåðû ïàðàëëåëü- íåííûõ ôîðì ëè÷èíîê è èìàãî áûëà ðàçðàáîòàíà íîãî âîçíèêíîâåíèÿ æèçíåííûõ ôîðì. È.Õ. Øàðîâîé [1960, 1967, 1981]. Îñíîâîé äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ ïî÷òè ëþáîé ñèñòåìû æèç- SUMMARY. Hierarchical system of life forms of íåííûõ ôîðì ñëóæèò àíàëèç ïàðàëëåëèçìîâ è êîí- Carabid larvae was elaborated, wich is based on the âåðãåíöèé, ïîçâîëÿþùèé âûäåëèòü àäàïòèâíûå îñî- synthesis of original and published data on their áåííîñòè ñòðîåíèÿ îðãàíèçìîâ.  èçó÷åíèè æóæåëèö morphology, systematics and ecology. This proposed ïðîãðåññ â ýòîì íàïðàâëåíèè îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ êàê îá- system differs from the previous one [Sharova, 1981] by ùèì óðîâíåì ðàçâèòèÿ ñèñòåìàòèêè (òðàäèöèîííî the inclusion of additional categories of life forms. The îïèðàþùåéñÿ íà èçó÷åíèå èìàãî), òàê è íàêîïëåíèåì system incorporates 6 classes and 45 groups of life forms, äàííûõ î ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêîì ðàçíîîáðàçèè è îñîáåí- which are characterized by the complex of morphological íîñòÿõ îáðàçà æèçíè ëè÷èíîê. Áëàãîäàðÿ ðÿäó ðàáîò and behavioral adaptations. On the base of this updated ïî ìîðôîëîãèè è àíàòîìèè êàðàáèä, íàðÿäó ñ áûñòðî system of Carabidae larvae life forms, the hypothesis of ðàñøèðÿþùèìèñÿ èññëåäîâàíèÿìè ïî êàðèîëîãèè è their adaptive radiation from low-specialized zoophages- ìîëåêóëÿðíîé áèîëîãèè, ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ î ìàêðîñè- stratobionts is proposed. Examples of parallel origin of ñòåìàòèêå æóæåëèö çàìåòíî èçìåíèëèñü. Èíòåíñèâ- the same life forms are given. íîå èçó÷åíèå ïðèðîäû òðîïè÷åñêîé çîíû, â òîì ÷èñëå ïåùåð è äðåâåñíîãî ïîëîãà ëåñîâ, äàëè ðàçíî- Ââåäåíèå îáðàçíûå è èíòåðåñíûå ìàòåðèàëû ïî ýêîëîãèè æó- æåëèö è ïîçâîëèëè èçó÷èòü ñâîåîáðàçíûõ, ðàíåå Æóæåëèöû (Carabidae) îäíî èç ñàìûõ êðóï- ìàëî èëè ñîâñåì íå èçâåñòíûõ ëè÷èíîê òðèá íûõ ñåìåéñòâ æåñòêîêðûëûõ, íàñ÷èòûâàþùåå îêî- Ozaenini, Agrini, Ctenodactylini è äð. ëî 40 òûñ. âèäîâ ìèðîâîé ôàóíû. Ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ î Äðóãîé âàæíåéøèé èñòî÷íèê äàííûõ ïðè ïîñòðî- ìîðôîëîãèè èõ ëè÷èíîê äîëãîå âðåìÿ áûëè îòðû- åíèè ñèñòåìû æèçíåííûõ ôîðì ðàçâèòèå ñðàâíè- òåëüíîé ìîðôîëîãèè, â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü â ôóíêöèî- Ñòàòüÿ ïîñâÿùåíà Áåëëå Ðàôàèëîâíå Ñòðèãàíîâîé â ÷åñòü íàëüíîì àñïåêòå. Èññëåäîâàíèÿ òàêîãî ðîäà íà ìàòå- å¸ 80-ëåòèÿ. ðèàëàõ ïî ëè÷èíêàì æóæåëèö îòíîñèòåëüíî ðåäêè. Ê 230 È.Õ. Øàðîâà, Ê.Â. Ìàêàðîâ èõ ÷èñëó ìîæíî îòíåñòè, ïîìèìî êëàññè÷åñêîãî èñ- ëîêîìîòîðíîãî àïïàðàòà â ñâÿçè ñî ñïîñîáîì äâè- ëåäîâàíèÿ Ãèëÿðîâûì [1949] ëîêîìîöèè ïî÷âîîáè- æåíèÿ è îñîáåííîñòÿìè ñóáñòðàòà [Zaitzev, 2007; òàþùèõ ëè÷èíîê, ðàáîòû ïî ñòðîåíèþ ìàíäèáóë è èõ íåîïóáëèêîâàííûå äàííûå], ìîðôîìåòðèè îòäåëîâ ìóñêóëàòóðû [Spence & Sutcliffe, 1982; Zetto Brand- òåëà è ïðèäàòêîâ ëè÷èíîê. Ìîðôîìåòðè÷åñêèå äàí- mayr et al., 1998], ïî ìåõàíèçìàì îõîòû ëè÷èíîê- íûå õðàíÿòñÿ â òàáëèöàõ MS Excel è Visual FoxPro, êîëëåìáîëîôàãîâ [Altner & Bauer, 1982; Bauer, 1979, ìàòåìàòè÷åñêàÿ îáðàáîòêà ïðîâîäèëàñü â ïðîãðàì- 1982, 1986; Bauer & Kredler, 1988], ïî èçó÷åíèþ ìå PAST v.2.11. Êðîìå ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêîãî ìàòåðèà- àáðàçèâíîãî äåéñòâèÿ ïèùè íà ìàíäèáóëû [Arndt, ëà èñïîëüçîâàëèñü ìíîãî÷èñëåííûå íàáëþäåíèÿ çà Paarmann & Adis, 1996]. Ïîíèìàíèå ðÿäà àñïåêòîâ îáðàçîì æèçíè ëè÷èíîê, ñäåëàííûå â ïðèðîäå è ïðè àäàïòèâíîé ìîðôîëîãèè ñòàëî âîçìîæíûì áëàãîäà- ðàçâåäåíèè æóæåëèö â ëàáîðàòîðèè. ðÿ ïîÿâëåíèþ ìåòîäîâ õåòîòàêñèè [Bousquet & Goulet, Ñèíòåç äàííûõ ïî ýêîëîãè÷åñêîé ìîðôîëîãèè 1984], ðàçâèòèþ êîíöåïöèè õåòîìà è ïðèìåíåíèþ ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö îñóùåñòâëåí íà îñíîâå ìíîãî- åãî ýëåìåíòîâ â êà÷åñòâå ìèêðîìàðê¸ðîâ [Makarov, ÷èñëåííûõ ïóáëèêàöèé îòå÷åñòâåííûõ è çàðóáåæ- 1996; Ìàêàðîâ, 1998, 2002]. Ïîñëåäíåå ïîçâîëÿåò íûõ êàðàáèäîëîãîâ è ëè÷íûõ ðàáîò àâòîðîâ. îáúåêòèâíî ñðàâíèâàòü èçìåíåíèÿ ìàêðîìîðôîëî- ãè÷åñêèõ ñòðóêòóð, ðàñøèðÿåò âîçìîæíîñòè âûÿâëå- Ðåçóëüòàòû íèÿ ïàðàëëåëèçìîâ è óâåëè÷èâàåò íàä¸æíîñòü óñòà- íîâëåíèÿ ãîìîëîãèé. Àêòóàëüíîñòü ñîçäàíèÿ íîâîé ñèñòåìû îïðåäå- Ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêîå îáîñíîâàíèå ñèñòåìû ëÿëàñü íåîáõîäèìîñòüþ îáîáùåíèÿ èíòåðåñíåéøèõ æèçíåííûõ ôîðì ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö ìàòåðèàëîâ ïî ìîðôî-àäàïòàöèÿì ðàíåå íåèçâåñò-  ïåðâîé ñèñòåìå æèçíåííûõ ôîðì ëè÷èíîê æó- íûõ ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö èç ðàçíûõ ðåãèîíîâ ìèðà. æåëèö, ïðåäëîæåííîé áîëåå 30 ëåò íàçàä [Øàðîâà, 1981], âûñøèå åäèíèöû (êëàññû) áûëè âûäåëåíû ïî Ìàòåðèàë è ìåòîäû òèïó ïèòàíèÿ.  äàëüíåéøåì áûëè îïóáëèêîâàíû ðåçóëüòàòû ìîðôîìåòðè÷åñêîãî èçó÷åíèÿ ëè÷èíîê Ìàòåðèàëîì äëÿ äàííîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ ïîñëó- æóæåëèö [Zetto Brandmayr et al., 1998], ïîäòâåðäèâ- æèëà, â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü, êîëëåêöèÿ ëè÷èíîê æóæå- øèå àäåêâàòíîñòü ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêîé òðàêòîâêè ïðè- ëèö, ñîáðàííàÿ àâòîðàìè íà êàôåäðå çîîëîãèè è çíàêîâ òðîôè÷åñêîé ñïåöèàëèçàöèè. Îäíàêî ÿñíàÿ ýêîëîãèè ÌÏÃÓ. Êîëëåêöèÿ ñîäåðæèò áîëåå 30 òû- ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêàÿ äèçúþíêöèÿ â ñòðîåíèè ðîòîâûõ ñÿ÷ ýêçåìïëÿðîâ, îòíîñÿùèõñÿ ê 6 ïîäñåìåéñòâàì, àïïàðàòîâ îòñóòñòâóåò (Ðèñ. 1), ÷òî, â ÷àñòíîñòè, ïî- 19 íàäòðèáàì è 29 òðèáàì Carabidae. áóäèëî Öåòòî Áðàíäìàéð [loc. cit.] îòêàçàòüñÿ îò èåðàð-  îñíîâå àíàëèçà ëåæàò äàííûå ìîðôîìåòðèè, â õè÷åñêîãî ïðèíöèïà ïîñòðîåíèÿ ñèñòåìû (ñì. íèæå). çíà÷èòåëüíîé ñòåïåíè ïîëó÷åííûå è îáðàáîòàííûå Îäíàêî, íåîäíîçíà÷íîñòü òðàêòîâêè ïðîïîðöèé ìàí- ïðè ïîñòðîåíèè ïåðâîãî âàðèàíòà ñèñòåìû æèçíåí- äèáóë â çíà÷èòåëüíîé ìåðå ìîæåò áûòü êîìïåíñèðî- íûõ ôîðì [Øàðîâà, 1981]. Êðîìå òîãî, áûëè íàêîï- âàíà ïðèâëå÷åíèåì äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ïðèçíàêîâ. Òàê, ëåíû îáøèðíûå ñâåäåíèÿ î çàêîíîìåðíîñòÿõ âèäî- äëÿ ëè÷èíîê-çîîôàãîâ ìîæíî óêàçàòü åù¸ ðÿä ÷àñò- èçìåíåíèÿ õåòîìà [Ìàêàðîâ, 1998, 2002], ñòðîåíèè íûõ àäàïòèâíûõ ÷åðò, îòñóòñòâóþùèõ ó ìèêñîôèòî- Ðèñ. 1. Ïðîïîðöèè ìàíäèáóë ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö; ñâåòëûå êðóæêè âèäû-çîîôàãè, ÷¸ðíûå âèäû-ôèòîôàãè [ïî Zetto Brandmayr et al., 1998]. Fig. 1. Ratio of the mandilble length and curvature of carabid larvae: white circles species-zoophages, black circles species-phytophages [after Zetto Brandmayr et al., 1998]. Æèçíåííûå ôîðìû è àäàïòèâíàÿ ðàäèàöèÿ ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö 231 ôàãîâ è ôèòîôàãîâ.  ÷àñòíîñòè, äëÿ ìíîãèõ õèùíûõ òû, îáëàäàþùèå óêîðî÷åííûìè ïðîêñèìàëüíûìè ôîðì õàðàêòåðíî âûñòóïàþùåå íàçàëå, îáðàçóþùåå îòäåëàìè è óäëèí¸ííûìè äèñòàëüíûìè (ëàïêà âñå- êðóïíûå ïàðíûå çóáöû. Îíè, ñ îäíîé ñòîðîíû, âûïîë- ãäà äëèíåå òàçèêà) è ãåîáèîíòû, ó êîòîðûõ äèñòàëü- íÿþò ôóíêöèþ ìåõàíè÷åñêîãî ðàçðóøåíèÿ ïîêðîâîâ íûå îòäåëû ñèëüíî óêîðî÷åíû (ëàïêà â 4 è áîëåå ðàç æåðòâû ïðè ñæèìàíèè ìàíäèáóë, à ñ äðóãîé íåñóò êîðî÷å òàçèêà). Ñðåäè ãåîáèîíòîâ ïî÷òè âñåãäà âû- íà âåðøèíå ñåíñèëëû, ðàçäðàæåíèå êîòîðûõ ïðè êîí- äåëÿåòñÿ ãðóïïà ëè÷èíîê, îáèòàþùèèõ â âåðòèêàëü- òàêòå ñ æåðòâîé âûçûâàåò ðåôëåêòîðíîå áûñòðîå çàõ- íûõ íîðàõ è îáëàäàþùèõ îòíîñèòåëüíî êðóïíûì ëîïûâàíèå ìàíäèáóë [Altner & Bauer, 1982]. Îòñóò- áåäðîì (â 7 è áîëåå ðàç äëèíåå ëàïêè) è î÷åíü ñòâèå ó ëè÷èíîê æóæåëèö íàñòîÿùèõ äèñòàíòíûõ êîðîòêîé ëàïêîé (â 10 è áîëåå ðàç êîðî÷å òàçèêà). õåìîðåöåïòîðîâ êîìïåíñèðóåòñÿ óäëèíåíèåì è óâå- Êðîìå ýòèõ ãðóïï, ðàçäåë¸ííûõ îò÷¸òëèâûì ãèàòó- ëè÷åíèåì ïîäâèæíîñòè ïðèäàòêîâ, íåñóùèõ ñåíñîð- ñîì, ñòàòèñòè÷åñêèìè ìåòîäàìè âûäåëÿåòñÿ åù¸ è íûå ñòðóêòóðû, è âîçðàñòàíèåì ðàçìåðà ñàìèõ ñåí- îáøèðíàÿ öåíòðàëüíàÿ ãðóïïà, êîòîðàÿ ìîæåò ðàñ- ñèëë, ÷òî ìíîãîêðàòíî óâåëè÷èâàåò ðåöåïòèðóåìûé ïàäàòüñÿ íà ðÿä êëàñòåðîâ â çàâèñìîñòè îò èñïîëü- îáú¸ì [Ìàêàðîâ, 1999] è ïîçâîëÿåò îõîòèòüñÿ íà çîâàííûõ àëãîðèòìîâ. Íà ñîâðåìåííîì óðîâíå èçó- ïîäâèæíóþ äîáû÷ó. Äëÿ ôèòîôàãîâ õàðàêòåðíî äè- ÷åííîñòè ìû ñ÷èòàåì íåâîçìîæíûì òî÷íóþ äèñê- ñòàëüíîå ïîëîæåíèå ðåòèíàêóëóìà è/èëè ðàñøèðåí- ðèìèíàöèþ ýòèõ ðàçíîñòåé, ïîýòîìó ñîõðàíÿåì çà íàÿ, ÷àñòî äâóçóá÷àòàÿ âåðøèíà ìàíäèáóëû; îáû÷íî âñåé ãðóïïîé òðàêòîâêó ñòðàòîáèîíòîâ ñ ðàçëè÷- òàêæå âîçíèêíîâåíèå ðàçíîáðàçíûõ «ò¸ðîê» â ëà- íûì óðîâíåì ñïåöèàëèçàöèè. áèî-ìàêñèëëÿðíîì êîìïëåêñå è äð. Îòäåëüíîãî óïîìèíàíèÿ çàñëóæèâàåò àäàïòèâíàÿ Âòîðîé óðîâåíü ñèñòåìû ïîäêëàññû âûäå- ïåðåñòðîéêà
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    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Publikationen Naturschutz Kaernten Jahr/Year: 1999 Band/Volume: 1999_RL Autor(en)/Author(s): Paill Wolfgang, Schnitter Peer Hajo Artikel/Article: Rote Liste der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae). 369-412 © Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung W. E. HOLZINGER, P. M ILDNER, T. ROTTENBURG & C. WIESER (Hrsg.): Rote Listen gefährdeter Tiere Kärntens Naturschutz in Kärnten 15: 369 - 412 ? Klagenfurt 1999 Rote Liste der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae) Wolfgang PAILL & Peer Hajo SCHNITTER unter der Mitarbeit von Thomas LEBENBAUER & Friedrich RASSE 232 Erforschungsstand gut Nachgewiesene Arten 474 (444) Erwartete Gesamtartenzahl ? 480 57 49 36 Anzahl der Fundmeldungen 9500 28 19 1 11 11 0 1 R 2 G 3 V ? - © Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung Laufkäfer 370 EINLEITUNG Als eine der artenreichsten Käferfamilien Rahmen von Eingriffsplanungen, besiedeln Laufkäfer nahezu alle Erfolgskontrollen und im Landlebensräume. In Kärnten reicht das Ökosystemmonitoring. Beachtliche Spektrum vom uferbewohnenden, zeitweise Siedlungsdichten von bis zu 200 Käfern pro unter Wasser Nahrung suchenden Schwarzen Quadratmeter an vegetationslosen Grubenlaufkäfer, dem ausschließlich Schotterbänken der Alpenflüsse (HERING & anthropogene Höhlensysteme besiedelnden PLACHTER 1997) oder sogar 1000 Individuen/m2 Kellerlaufkäfer über den auf Brand- an Ackerrändern (THOMAS et al. 1992) sind gute Sukzessionsflächen spezialisierten
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  • 00 WNAN 2007 New PAGE Template
    Western North American Naturalist 81(1), © 2021, pp. 54–62 Cold tolerance of mountain stoneflies (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from the high Rocky Mountains SCOTT HOTALING1,*,†, ALISHA A. SHAH2,†, MICHAEL E. DILLON3, J. JOSEPH GIERSCH4, LUSHA M. TRONSTAD5, DEBRA S. FINN6, H. ARTHUR WOODS2, AND JOANNA L. KELLEY1 1School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 2Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 3Department of Zoology and Physiology and Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 4Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, West Glacier, MT 5Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 6Department of Biology, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO ABSTRACT.—How aquatic insects cope with cold temperatures is poorly understood. This is particularly true for high-elevation species, which often experience a seasonal risk of freezing. In the Rocky Mountains, nemourid stoneflies (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) are a major component of mountain stream biodiversity and are typically found in streams fed by glaciers and snowfields, which are rapidly receding due to climate change. Predicting the effects of climate change on mountain stoneflies is difficult because their thermal physiology is largely unknown. We investigated cold tolerance of several alpine stoneflies (Lednia tumana, Lednia tetonica, and Zapada spp.) from the Rocky Mountains, USA. We mea- sured the supercooling point (SCP) and tolerance to ice enclosure of late-instar nymphs collected from a range of thermal regimes. SCPs varied among species and populations, with the lowest SCP measured for nymphs from an alpine pond, which was much more likely to freeze solid in winter than flowing streams.
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  • Species Rediscovery Or Lucky Endemic? Looking for the Supposed Missing Species Leistus Punctatissimus Through a Biogeographer’S Eye (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 740: 97–108Species (2018) rediscovery or lucky endemic? Looking for the supposed missing species... 97 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.740.23495 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Species rediscovery or lucky endemic? Looking for the supposed missing species Leistus punctatissimus through a biogeographer’s eye (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Pizzolotto Roberto1, Brandmayr Pietro1 1 Dept. Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Italy Corresponding author: Pizzolotto Roberto (piz@unical.it) Academic editor: T. Erwin | Received 9 January 2018 | Accepted 8 February 2018 | Published 2 March 2018 http://zoobank.org/88814FEC-5780-49E8-AE21-F381506031E3 Citation: Pizzolotto R, Brandmayr P (2018) Species rediscovery or lucky endemic? Looking for the supposed missing species Leistus punctatissimus through a biogeographer’s eye (Coleoptera, Carabidae). ZooKeys 740: 97–108. https:// doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.740.23495 Abstract Is it correct to look for a supposedly missing species by focusing research at the type locality? A species can be declared extinct because for an unusual amount of time it has not been seen again; however, in the frame of the climate change it is likely that a supposedly missing species is a lucky survivor not seen because it was not searched for in the correct environment. We used the strictly endemic Leistus punctatis- simus Breit, 1914 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) as the case study for testing the latter hypothesis vs. the type locality approach. On the basis of past unsuccessful searches in the Dolomites (a mountain range in the eastern Alps, Italy) driven by the type locality approach, a study area was selected where climate change may have exerted environmental constraints on endemic species.
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  • Entomologische Blätter Und Coleoptera Bildunterschriften 9 10 Nach Überschrift = Einrücken 5 Mm Ent
    Titel Schriftgröße 13 Abstand 14 Name 12 Abstract 8 12 Art-Überschrift 12 Txte 10 12 Entomologische Blätter und Coleoptera Bildunterschriften 9 10 nach Überschrift = einrücken 5 mm Ent. Bl. Col. (2016) 112 (1): 107 - 120 ISSN 0013-8835 © Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Peks Löschen 3,578 in Word festgelegt. Bilan d’une année de recherches ciblées de Carabiques en Suisse: découverte de Notiophilus quadripunctatus DEJEAN, 1826 et autres captures remarquables (Coleoptera, Carabidae) YANNICK CHITTARO & WERNER MARGGI Résumé De nombreuses espèces de Carabiques rares et menacées ont été recherchées de façon ciblée en Suisse par le premier auteur en 2015. Au total, 345 espèces ont été recensées, uniquement par des méthodes de chasse active (sans utilisation de pièges). Parmi elles, Notiophilus quadripunctatus s’avère être nouvelle pour la faune du pays. Confirmé maintenant par plusieurs captures récentes,Harpalus neglectus doit également être ajouté à la liste des Carabiques de Suisse. Considérés comme disparus, Acupalpus exiguus et Chlaenius olivieri ont été retrouvés, alors qu’Agonum anten- narium, Bembidion elongatum, Bembidion fumigatum, Dicheirotrichus placidus, Patrobus septentrionis et Platynus longiventris n’avaient plus été signalés à l’échelle nationale depuis plus de 20 ans. Quelques autres captures d’intérêt régional complètent ce bilan réjouissant. L’efficacité de la chasse active dans un but de recherche d’espèces rares est discutée. Abstract Results of one year of targeted carabid collecting in Switzerland: discovery of Notiophilus quadripunctatus DEJEAN, 1826 and other remark- able finds (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Numerous rare, threatened carabids were the subject of targeted investigations by the first author in 2015. In total, 345 species were recorded, using only active collecting methods (no traps).
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  • (Insecta, Coleoptera) В Фауне Арктики. Сообщение 1
    ЗООЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ, 2014, том 93, № 1, с. 7–44 ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ЗООГЕОГРАФИЯ УДК 595.76 ОТРЯД ЖЕСТКОКРЫЛЫХ (INSECTA, COLEOPTERA) В ФАУНЕ АРКТИКИ. СООБЩЕНИЕ 1. СОСТАВ ФАУНЫ © 2014 г. Ю. И. Чернов1, О. Л. Макарова1, Л. Д. Пенев2, О. А. Хрулёва1 1 Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова РАН, Москва 119071, Россия e(mail: ol_makarova@mail.ru e(mail: oa(khruleva@mail.ru 2 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, София, Болгария e(mail: info@pensoft.net Поступила в редакцию 01.09.2013 г. Жесткокрылые, крупнейший отряд насекомых, в условиях Арктики уступают двукрылым первен ство в полноте освоения среды. На долю Coleoptera приходится около 13% энтомофауны тундровой зоны, однако несколько семейств жуков сохраняют в высоких широтах значительное видовое раз нообразие и существенную ценотическую роль. В этом сообщении мы даем обзор циркумполярной колеоптерофауны Арктики. На основе оригинальных данных, литературных сведений и фондовых коллекционных материалов с использованием экстраполяций и аналогий отмечены особенности таксономического и экологического разнообразия подотрядов, серий и семейств Coleoptera, про анализированы широтнозональное распределение и северные пределы распространения видов, специфика адаптаций и ценотических связей. Ключевые слова: Арктика, жуки, природная зональность, видовое разнообразие, ареал, адаптации. DOI: 10.7868/S004451341401005X Жесткокрылые (Coleoptera) – самый крупный основных широтных трендов параметров их раз отряд насекомых, включающий почти 386500 ви нообразия. дов (Slipinski et al., 2011). На его долю приходится Накопленные к настоящему времени данные почти 40% видов класса. Доминирование этого свидетельствуют о том, что в фауне Арктики на отряда в энтомофауне наиболее отчетливо в теп долю жесткокрылых приходится около 13% видо лых поясах, в тропиках и субтропиках. В умерен вого богатства насекомых, в северной полосе ном поясе жесткокрылые составляют треть видо тундровой зоны их доля снижается до 4%, а в по вого богатства насекомых.
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  • Vol 4 Part 2. Coleoptera. Carabidae
    Royal Entomological Society HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BRITISH INSECTS To purchase current handbooks and to download out-of-print parts visit: http://www.royensoc.co.uk/publications/index.htm This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Copyright © Royal Entomological Society 2012 ROYAL ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON . Vol. IV. Part 2 -HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION / OF BRITISH INSECT-s COLEOPTERA CARABIDAE By CARL H. LINDROTH LONDON Published by the Society and Sold at its Rooms .p, Queen's Gate, S.W. 7 August I 974- HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BRITISH INSECTS The aim of this series of publications is to provide illustrated keys to the whole of the British Insects (in so far as this is possible), in ten volumes, as follows: I. Part 1. General Introduction. Part 9. Ephemeroptera. , 2. Thysanura. , 10. Odonata. , 3. Protura. , 11. Thysanoptera. , 4. Collembola. , 12. Neuroptera. , 5. Dermaptera and , 13. Mecoptera. Orthoptera. , 14. Trichoptera. , 6. Plecoptera. , 15. Strepsiptera. , 7. Psocoptera. , 16. Siphonaptera. , 8. Anoplura. II. Hemiptera. III. Lepidoptera. IV. and V. Coleoptera. VI. Hymenoptera : Symphyta and Aculeata. VII. Hymenoptera : lchneumonoidea. VIII. Hymenoptera : Cynipoidea, Chalcidoidea, and Serphoidea. IX. Diptera: Nematocera and Brachycera. X. Diptera : Cyclorrhapha. Volumes II to X will be divided into parts of convenient size, but it is not possible to specifyin advance the taxonomic content of each part. Conciseness and cheapness are main objectives in this series, and each part is the work of a specialist, or of a group of specialists. Although much of the work is based on existing published keys, suitably adapted, much new and original matter is also included.
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  • Ecology of Alpine Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in a Norwegian Glacier Foreland, with a Special Focus on Claw Wearing to Indicate Relative Age
    © Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 12 December 2017 Ecology of alpine carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in a Norwegian glacier foreland, with a special focus on claw wearing to indicate relative age SIGMUND HÅGVAR, RONNY STEEN & DANIEL FLØ Hågvar, S., Steen, R. & Flø, D. 2017. Ecology of alpine carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in a Norwegian glacier foreland, with a special focus on claw wearing to indicate relative age. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 64, 82–111. Nine species of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) were pitfall-trapped during two years in an alpine glacier foreland of southern Norway. A two-year (biennial) life cycle was documented for Nebria nivalis (Paykull, 1790), N. rufescens (Ström, 1768), and Patrobus septentrionis Dejean, 1828. This was based on the simultaneous hibernation of larvae and adults. In P. septentrionis, both larvae and adults showed a considerable activity beneath snow. A limited larval material of Amara alpina (Paykull, 1790) and A. quenseli (Schönherr, 1806) from the snow-free period indicated larval hibernation. A. quenseli was, however, not synchronized with respect to developmental stages, and its life cycle was difficult to interpret. Measurements of claw lengths in eight species showed a considerable wearing during adult life. The data indicated that some individuals might hibernate a second time and thus experience two egg-laying seasons. Wearing of mandible tooth was not suited as age indictor in Nebria nivalis and N. rufescens, since some individuals hatched with a small tooth. Supplied with literature data, a “niche profile” is presented for each species. The most important ecological factors that contributed to niche segregation were: preference for vegetation-free ground, occurrence along the successional and time gradient, humidity or temperature preference, nocturnal versus diurnal activity, flight ability, food habits, phenology, and the ability to be active under snow.
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  • A Key to the Genera of the Ground-Beetle Larvae (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Paleartic Region
    ISSN 0392-758 X MUSEO REGIONALE DI SCIENZE NATURALI A key to the genera of the Ground-beetle larvae (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Paleartic region Kirill V. Makarow ESTRATTO dal Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali - Torino Volume 12 - N. 1 - 1994 Boll. Mus. reg. Sci. nat. Torino Vol. 12 - N. 1 pp. 221-254 4-5-1994 K.irill V. MAKAR.ow* A key to the genera of the Ground-beetle larvae (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Palearctic region INTRODUCTION It is necessary to use the data about the preimaginal stages, especially lar­ vae, forthe successful decision of many taxonomic and ecological questions, but it's rather difficult, because of the little knowledge on the larvae biology and morphology as well as the absence of modern identification keys. So, van Emden's monograph (1942) appears hitherto the most complete generalizing work. The available keys for the USSR (Sharova, 1958, 1964) and Middle Europe carabid larvae (Hurka, 1978; Arndt, 1991) do not contain a number of larval descriptions, published from 1942-1991. Besides, the finemorphologi­ cal investigations ofY. Bousquet and H. Goulet (Goulet, 1979; Bousquet and Goulet, 1984) produced on new opportunities forlarval descriptions. Unfor­ tunately, this method is currently poorly used (Arndt, 1989a, b; Arndt and Hurka, 1990; Bousquet, 1985a, b; 1986; Hurka, 1986; Makarow and Shilenkov, 1991 etc.) and can not be considered as a basis of the practical keys. The present work contains a key for determination of the main Palearctic carabid groups and takes into account most of the works that followed van Emden's monograph.
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  • Accepted Version
    This document is the accepted manuscript version of the following article: Fournier, B., Frey, D., & Moretti, M. (2019). The origin of urban communities: from the regional species pool to community assemblages in city. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13772 1 Title: The origin of urban communities: from the regional species pool to 2 community assemblages in city 3 4 Running title: The assembly of urban communities 5 6 Authors: 7 *Fournier, Bertrand; Concordia University; Department of Biology; Montreal, Canada 8 (bfourni@gmail.com; +33 79 917 08 41) 9 Frey, David; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Biodiversity and Conservation Biology; 10 Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich (david.frey@wsl.ch) 11 Moretti, Marco; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Biodiversity and Conservation 12 Biology (marco.moretti@wsl.ch) 13 14 *Corresponding author 15 16 Abstract: 17 Aim: Cities worldwide are characterized by unique human stressors that filter species based 18 on their traits, potentially leading to biodiversity loss. The knowledge of which species are 19 filtered and at which scale is important to gain a more mechanistic understanding of urban 20 community assembly and to develop strategies to manage human impact on urban 21 ecosystems. We investigate the ecological mechanisms shaping urban community assembly, 22 taking into account changes across scales, taxa, and urban green space types. 23 Location: City of Zurich, Switzerland 24 Taxon: Carabid beetles and wild bees 1 25 Methods: We use a large species occurrence and trait dataset with a high spatial resolution to 26 assess the filtering effect of a medium-sized city on a regional pool of potential colonists.
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  • Ponel Et Al the Holocene 2011
    Holocene history of Lac des Lauzons (2180 m a.s.l.), reconstructed from multiproxy analyses of Coleoptera, plant macroremains and pollen (Hautes-Alpes, France) Philippe Ponel, Mona Court-Picon, Monika Badura, Frédéric Guiter, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Valérie Andrieu-Ponel, Morteza Djamali, Michelle Leydet, Emmanuel Gandouin, Alexandre Buttler To cite this version: Philippe Ponel, Mona Court-Picon, Monika Badura, Frédéric Guiter, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, et al.. Holocene history of Lac des Lauzons (2180 m a.s.l.), reconstructed from multiproxy analyses of Coleoptera, plant macroremains and pollen (Hautes-Alpes, France). The Holocene, London: Sage, 2010, 21 (4), pp.565-582. 10.1177/0959683610385725. hal-01968828v2 HAL Id: hal-01968828 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01968828v2 Submitted on 8 Jan 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License DOI: 10.1177/0959683610385725 Holocene history of Lac des Lauzons (2180 m a.s.l.), reconstructed from multiproxy analyses
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  • Asian Ecological Transect: Evaluation of Biodiversity of Soil and Animal Communities in Central Siberia
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  • Climatic Tolerances and Zoogeography of the Late
    Document generated on 09/23/2021 12:31 p.m. Géographie physique et Quaternaire Climatic tolerances and zoogeography of the late Pleistocene beetle fauna of Beringia La tolérance au climat et la zoogéographie de la faune des coléoptères de la Béringie, à la fin du Pléistocène Klima-Toleranzen und Zoogeographie der Käfer-Fauna der Bering-Insel im späten Pleistozän Scott A. Elias Volume 54, Number 2, 2000 Article abstract The study of fossil beetles has played an important role in the reconstruction of URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/004813ar Beringian paleoenvironments. More than 25 fossil localities have yielded Late DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/004813ar Pleistocene beetle assemblages, comprising more than 300 species, of which about 147 are predators and scavengers, groups which are suitable for See table of contents paleoclimatic reconstruction. The author has developed climate envelopes (climatic parameters characterizing the modern localities in which species are found) for these species, in order to perform mutual climatic range pale- Publisher(s) otemperature studies. This paper describes the thermal requirements of these beetles, and their zoogeographic history since the interval just prior to the last Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal interglacial period. The fossil assemblages include 14 arctic and alpine species, 66 boreo-arctic species, and 68 boreal and temperate species. The greatest ISSN percentage of species with restricted thermal requirements occurs in the arctic and alpine group. The majority of boreo-arctic and boreal and temperate 0705-7199 (print) species have very broad thermal requirements. Based on modern distribution 1492-143X (digital) and the North American fossil record, it appears that some species resided exclusively in Beringia during the Late Pleistocene.
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