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Entomologische Blätter Und Coleoptera Bildunterschriften 9 10 Nach Überschrift = Einrücken 5 Mm Ent Titel Schriftgröße 13 Abstand 14 Name 12 Abstract 8 12 Art-Überschrift 12 Txte 10 12 Entomologische Blätter und Coleoptera Bildunterschriften 9 10 nach Überschrift = einrücken 5 mm Ent. Bl. Col. (2016) 112 (1): 107 - 120 ISSN 0013-8835 © Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Peks Löschen 3,578 in Word festgelegt. Bilan d’une année de recherches ciblées de Carabiques en Suisse: découverte de Notiophilus quadripunctatus DEJEAN, 1826 et autres captures remarquables (Coleoptera, Carabidae) YANNICK CHITTARO & WERNER MARGGI Résumé De nombreuses espèces de Carabiques rares et menacées ont été recherchées de façon ciblée en Suisse par le premier auteur en 2015. Au total, 345 espèces ont été recensées, uniquement par des méthodes de chasse active (sans utilisation de pièges). Parmi elles, Notiophilus quadripunctatus s’avère être nouvelle pour la faune du pays. Confirmé maintenant par plusieurs captures récentes,Harpalus neglectus doit également être ajouté à la liste des Carabiques de Suisse. Considérés comme disparus, Acupalpus exiguus et Chlaenius olivieri ont été retrouvés, alors qu’Agonum anten- narium, Bembidion elongatum, Bembidion fumigatum, Dicheirotrichus placidus, Patrobus septentrionis et Platynus longiventris n’avaient plus été signalés à l’échelle nationale depuis plus de 20 ans. Quelques autres captures d’intérêt régional complètent ce bilan réjouissant. L’efficacité de la chasse active dans un but de recherche d’espèces rares est discutée. Abstract Results of one year of targeted carabid collecting in Switzerland: discovery of Notiophilus quadripunctatus DEJEAN, 1826 and other remark- able finds (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Numerous rare, threatened carabids were the subject of targeted investigations by the first author in 2015. In total, 345 species were recorded, using only active collecting methods (no traps). One of these species was Notiophilus quadripunctatus, new to the Swiss fauna. Now confirmed by several recent captures, Harpalus neglectus has also to be added to the list of Swiss carabids. Acupalpus exiguus and Chlaenius olivieri, species considered to have disappeared, were rediscovered, as were Agonum antennarium, Bembidion fumigatum, Dicheirotrichus placidus, Patrobus septentrionis and Platynus longiventris, not seen in Switzerland for more than 20 years. Other exciting records of regional interest are presented. The efficiency of active collecting methods in a survey of rare species is discussed. Zusammenfassung Bilanz nach einem Jahr gezielter Suche nach Laufkäfern in der Schweiz: Notiophilus quadripunctatus DEJEAN, 1826, Erstnachweis für die Schweiz, sowie weitere bemerkenswerte Beobachtungen (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Im Jahre 2015 suchte der Erstautor gezielt nach zahlreichen seltenen und bedrohten Laufkäferarten in der Schweiz. Insgesamt wurden 345 Arten erfasst, und zwar nur mittels aktiver Suche (ohne den Einsatz von Fallen). Notiophilus quadripunctatus erweist sich als neue Art für die Schweizer Fauna. Bestätigt durch mehrere Neufunde, ist auch Harpalus neglectus in die Liste der Laufkäfer der Schweiz aufzunehmen. Mehrere Arten konnten wiedergefunden werden, wie die als ausgestorben erach- teten Acupalpus exiguus und Chlaenius olivieri, und die seit über 20 Jahren in der Schweiz nicht mehr nachgewiesenen Agonum antennarium, Bembidion elongatum, Bembidion fumigatum, Dicheirotrichus placidus, Patrobus septentrionis und Platynus longiventris. Einige weitere Fänge von regionalem Interesse vervollständigen diese erfreuliche Bilanz. Der Erfolg der Sichtsuche im Felde für das Auffinden von seltenen Arten wird diskutiert. Keywords: New records, Harpalus neglectus, Chlaenius olivieri, Acupalpus exiguus, faunistics Introduction Présents dans pratiquement tous les milieux terrestres, de et al. (2009), nombre auquel il convient d’ajouter deux la plaine jusqu’à l’étage nival, les Carabiques constituent espèces décrites récemment (SZALLIES & SCHÜLE 2011, un groupe de Coléoptères riche et bien diversifié. Leur SZALLIES & HUBER 2014), deux espèces nouvellement distribution et leurs exigences écologiques sont globale- mises en évidence dans notre pays (MARGGI et al. 2010b, ment bien connues et ils sont régulièrement utilisés dans CHITTARO & MARGGI 2015b) et trois dont le statut taxo- la pratique, que ce soit en bioindication, en biologie de la nomique (précédemment synonyme ou sous-espèce) a conservation ou en écologie (KOTZE et al. 2011). été réévalué (MARGGI et al. 2010a, MARGGI 2013, SZAL- En Suisse, 523 espèces ont été annoncées par LUKA LIES & HUBER 2013), pour un total de 530 espèces. Des 108 YANNICK CHITTARO & WERNER MARGGI cartes de distribution actualisées sont disponibles sur le Matériel et Méthode serveur cartographique du Centre Suisse de Cartographie de la Faune (www.cscf.ch). Parmi ces 530 espèces, 132 En 2015, plus de 140 carrés kilométriques ont été pros- figurent sur la Liste Rouge (HUBER & MARGGI 2005, ac- pectés en Suisse (Fig. 1) au cours de 69 (demi-)journées tualisée dans LUKA et al. 2009) et la conservation de 158 de recherches. Si certains de ces carrés kilométriques est considérée comme prioritaire à l’échelle nationale constituaient la dernière localité connue d’espèces non (OFEV 2011). signalées en Suisse depuis longtemps, une grande par- Afin de disposer de données récentes pour certaines tie des recherches ont été menées dans des localités peu de ces espèces de haute valeur conservatoire, des re- - voire dans quelques cas jamais - prospectées pour le cherches spécifiques ont été menées en 2015, donnant groupe faunistique étudié. suite aux bons résultats obtenus lors de l’année 2014 (CHITTARO & MARGGI 2015a). Fig. 1. Localisation en rouge des carrés kilométriques (1x1 km) prospectés en 2015. Le contour des cantons suisses est délimité en gris. Si des méthodes de piégeage standardisé (pièges bar- Les Carabiques ont donc été recherchés activement sous bers) sont généralement utilisées pour l’étude des Ca- des pierres et des débris végétaux en zones ouvertes, sous rabiques, plusieurs articles récents ont toutefois montré des troncs au sol en forêt, et sur le sable, dans le gra- la plus grande efficacité de la chasse active pour la re- vier et sous les pierres le long des cours d’eau. En haute cherche de certaines espèces rares en Suisse (voir notam- montagne, les combes à neige et les abords des névés ont ment CHITTARO & MARGGI 2015a, HOESS 2009, HOESS et été prospectés à la recherche de certains Nebria, Oreone- al. 2014, HOESS 2015, MARGGI & GERMANN 2013, SZAL- bria et Trechus. Au printemps, en automne, et même en LIES 2013) et ont encouragé le premier auteur à pratiquer hiver (tant que le sol n’était pas gelé), les espèces hiver- cette méthode, le but visé étant principalement d’ordre nantes ont été recherchées dans des troncs pourris, sous faunistique. les mousses poussant sur les troncs ou sous des écorces La chasse à vue a donc été intensément pratiquée (Dromius, Philorizus). Au cours de cette période, le ta- tout au long de l’année (du 10.I.2015 au 14.XI.2015), misage de débris végétaux est venu compléter les re- à toute altitude et dans tous types de milieux. La plu- cherches actives sur le terrain, principalement dans ou part des Carabiques préférant les endroits humides, les aux abords de zones humides, afin d’obtenir certaines es- zones susceptibles de satisfaire à ces exigences ont été pèces de petites tailles (Acupalpus, Bembidion), parfois prospectées systématiquement. Même dans des milieux difficiles à mettre en évidence par d’autres méthodes. plus secs, toute microstructure susceptible de retenir un Plus ponctuellement, le fauchage de la végétation herba- certain degré d’humidité a été attentivement examinée. cée a aussi fourni quelques espèces, notamment certains Bilan d’une année de recherches ciblées de Carabiques en Suisse 109 Amara et Harpalus se nourrissant de végétaux, de même quelques kilomètres de distance (SOWIG 1986). Sa décou- que le battage de branches basses de divers arbres feuil- verte sur territoire suisse était donc attendue. Non loin lus. de là, un exemplaire du très localisé Leistus fulvibarbis DEJEAN, 1826 a été découvert sous l’écorce déhiscente d’un vieux saule, à proximité d’un petit canal. Résultats Bembidion fumigatum (DUFTSCHMID, 1812). Représentant un total de 2326 occurrences, 345 espèces 1 ex., Bex VD, 26.II.2015, 425 m. de Carabiques ont été trouvées en Suisse en 2015 (An- 1 ex., Golaten BE, 16.X.2015, 461 m. nexe 1). Parmi elles, 59 figurent sur la Liste rouge (LUKA L’espèce n’était connue que de trois données suisses et al. 2009) et/ou sur la liste des espèces prioritaires (Laconnex GE en 1983 et Changins VD en 1985, citées (OFEV 2011). dans MARGGI 1992, ainsi que Lauerz SZ en 1991), toutes Les données faunistiques considérées comme les plus obtenues au piège lumineux. Les deux exemplaires de intéressantes sont présentées ci-dessous, par ordre alpha- 2015 ont été capturés en tamisant des débris végétaux bétique. La commune et le canton de découverte sont in- et des mousses dans des bas-marais d’importance natio- diqués, de même que le nombre d’exemplaires récoltés. nale. Les cantons suisses sont abrégés par leur code officiel (GE pour Genève ou TI pour Tessin par exemple). Tous Chlaenius olivieri CROTCH, 1871 (Fig. 3). les exemplaires se trouvent dans la collection du premier 1 ex., Soral GE, 18.VI.2015, 437 m. auteur. Le second auteur a vérifié, respectivement déter- Redécouvert pour la Suisse. L’espèce était considé- miné, les individus relatifs aux espèces les plus difficiles rée comme disparue par LUKA et al. (2009), la dernière ou les plus rares. donnée datant de Locarno TI en 1960. L’individu a été trouvé sous une pierre légèrement enfoncée dans le sol Acupalpus exiguus DEJEAN, 1829 (Fig. 2). d’une zone rudérale (dépôt de machines de chantier) si- 2 ex., Gy GE, 6.III.2015, 489 m. tuée à proximité d’une gravière et de cultures (vignes et Redécouvert pour la Suisse. Considérée comme dis- céréales). parue par LUKA et al. (2009), cette petite espèce discrète a été capturée en tamisant des débris végétaux dans un Cymindis humeralis (GEOFFROY, 1785). bas-marais d’importance nationale. Le rare Philorhizus 1 ex., Boudevilliers NE, 27.V.2015, 1348 m. quadrisignatus (DEJEAN, 1825) a été collecté dans les 1 ex., Le Chenit VD, 17.VI.2015, 1342 m.
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