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Posoni Kert (1664) C GÉCZI JÁNOS I r 5 G ÉCZI J ÁNOS A rózsa és jelképei Fejezetek a 17- 18. századból w i i Gondolat GÉCZI JÁNOS A RÓZSA ÉS JELKÉPEI FEJEZETEK A 17–18. SZÁZADBÓL GONDOLAT KIADÓ BUDAPEST, 2016 GÉCZI JÁNOS A RÓZSA ÉS JELKÉPEI FEJEZETEK A 17–18. SZÁZADBÓL GONDOLAT KIADÓ BUDAPEST, 2016 TARTALOM Bevezetés. A kertbe kerülő A képvers mint iskolai műfaj 123 rózsafajok 7 A barokk rózsajelképek előzményei 127 A 16–17. századi magyar rózsahasználat A humorálpatológia szemlélet és az irodalom rózsajelképei 129 továbbélése 23 A rózsa-képversek 137 Botanikai illusztrációk 39 Gyöngyösi István és a rózsahagyományok 155 A reneszánsz örökség és a barokk Márssal társolkodó Murányi Vénus 155 kertek. 17–18. század 45 Porábúl megéledett Főnix 161 Thököly Imre és Zrínyi Ilona A rózsajelképek festészeti házassága 166 és grafikai megjelenései 53 Palinódia – Kesergő Nimfa 171 Az ismert rózsák 55 A Rózsakoszorú 172 A jelképek rendszere 56 A rózsajelképek a Rózsakoszorúban 177 Emblematikus törekvések 63 Embléma 188 A táblafestészet rózsajelképei 69 Összefoglalás 190 A mitologikus témakör 69 A katolikus vallásosság Lippay János Posoni kert (1664) c. témakörei 71 © Géczi János, 2015 kertészeti munkájának rózsái 193 © Gondolat Kiadó, 2016 Portrék 76 Lippay rózsaváltozatai 195 A zsánerképek 80 Egy kortárs mű: a Hortus Eystettensis Minden jog fenntartva. Bármilyen másolás, sokszorosítás, A csendéletek 83 rózsái 196 illetve adatfeldolgozó rendszerben való tárolás Öt érzék- és vanitas-ábrázolás 91 Besler rózsái 197 a kiadó előzetes írásbeli hozzájárulásához van kötve. A virágképek 95 Lippay János rózsái 204 Összegzés 103 Rózsakertészeti praktikák 206 www.gondolatkiado.hu Grafikai alkotások néhány Összefoglalás 209 A kiadásért felel Bácskai István rózsajelképe 108 Tördelő és borítótervező Pintér László Könyvgrafikák 108 A borítón Jan Steen Fe jé re állt vi lág cí mű képének A rokokó 211 egy részlete látható Az alsóbb népréteg magánáhítatra Nyomta és kötötte Akaprint Nyomda szánt ábrázolásainak rózsái 112 Irodalom 223 Összefoglalás 118 Névmutató 228 ISBN 978 963 693 ??? ? Tárgymutató 5 TARTALOM Bevezetés. A kertbe kerülő A képvers mint iskolai műfaj 123 rózsafajok 7 A barokk rózsajelképek előzményei 127 A 16–17. századi magyar rózsahasználat A humorálpatológia szemlélet és az irodalom rózsajelképei 129 továbbélése 23 A rózsa-képversek 137 Botanikai illusztrációk 39 Gyöngyösi István és a rózsahagyományok 155 A reneszánsz örökség és a barokk Márssal társolkodó Murányi Vénus 155 kertek. 17–18. század 45 Porábúl megéledett Főnix 161 Thököly Imre és Zrínyi Ilona A rózsajelképek festészeti házassága 166 és grafikai megjelenései 53 Palinódia – Kesergő Nimfa 171 Az ismert rózsák 55 A Rózsakoszorú 172 A jelképek rendszere 56 A rózsajelképek a Rózsakoszorúban 177 Emblematikus törekvések 63 Embléma 188 A táblafestészet rózsajelképei 69 Összefoglalás 190 A mitologikus témakör 69 A katolikus vallásosság Lippay János Posoni kert (1664) c. témakörei 71 © Géczi János, 2015 kertészeti munkájának rózsái 193 © Gondolat Kiadó, 2016 Portrék 76 Lippay rózsaváltozatai 195 A zsánerképek 80 Egy kortárs mű: a Hortus Eystettensis Minden jog fenntartva. Bármilyen másolás, sokszorosítás, A csendéletek 83 rózsái 196 illetve adatfeldolgozó rendszerben való tárolás Öt érzék- és vanitas-ábrázolás 91 Besler rózsái 197 a kiadó előzetes írásbeli hozzájárulásához van kötve. A virágképek 95 Lippay János rózsái 204 Összegzés 103 Rózsakertészeti praktikák 206 www.gondolatkiado.hu Grafikai alkotások néhány Összefoglalás 209 A kiadásért felel Bácskai István rózsajelképe 108 Tördelő és borítótervező Pintér László Könyvgrafikák 108 A borítón Jan Steen Fe jé re állt vi lág cí mű képének A rokokó 211 egy részlete látható Az alsóbb népréteg magánáhítatra Nyomta és kötötte Akaprint Nyomda szánt ábrázolásainak rózsái 112 Irodalom 223 Összefoglalás 118 Névmutató 228 ISBN 978 963 693 ??? ? Tárgymutató 5 BE VE ZE TÉS. A KERT BE KE RÜ LŐ RÓ ZSA FA JOK Ugyan az eu ró pai kö zép kor és a re ne szánsz idő sza ká ból nagy szá mú for rás ta nús - ko dik ar ról, hogy a ró zsa je len van a min den na pi élet ben, de az ál ta lá ban bo nyo lult, ap ró össze te vő ben is ki bont ha tó jel kép rend szer ré sze ként fel buk ka nó vi rág ki zá ró- lag a szim bo li kus gon dol ko dás gaz dag sá gá ra utal. A kö zép ko ri as gon dol ko dás ter - mé sze tét be mu ta tó J. Huizinga ér ve lé se nyo mán az iro da lom ró zsa kép ze tei sem egye bek, mint az egyik gon dol ko dá si mód meg je le né sei. Az a ró zsa, amely az iro - dal mi, tör té ne ti, val lá si ér zé keny sé get kép vi se lő szö ve gek ben buk kan fel, s azok is, ame lyek a kép ző mű vé sze ti al ko tá sok ban a tö ké le tes ség meg je le ní tői, s a ró zsa tró - pu sok, a ró zsás alak za tok en nek a tö ké le tes ség nek va la me lyik ol da lát hang sú lyoz - zák. Ut rosa flos florum sic est domus domorum1 – áll a yorki szé kes egy ház káp ta la ni há zá ra vés ve, az ana ló gi á val tör té nő meg je le ní tés ré vén egy szer re utalva a vi rág ki - tün te tett he lyé re s a nagy ra ér té kelt vi rág gal meg je le ní tés re ke rült épít mény sze re - pé re. S a ró zsa kert ben, a kő be fog lalt for rás mel lett vagy az élő víz part ján lát ha tó, a vi lág min den ség égkéke szí nű kö pe nyű Má ria alak ja is a vi rá gok ál tal ér té ke lő dik nagy ra, mi köz ben meg je le ní tő dik a Sirák fia köny ve azon rész le te is, amely a kez - de tén ta lál ha tó a Szűz anyát és a ró zsát egy ség be vo nó kép ze tek egy ház atyák ál tal – s az utó da ik ál tal is – hi vat ko zott ha gyo má nyá nak: vi rul ni fog tok, mint a ró zsa a víz men tén (Sir. 39.13.). A tö kély re utal nak azok a kö zép ko ri tár gyak is, ame lyek meg je le né sük ben ugyan már nem em lé kez tet nek a ró zsá ra, de a szel le mi sé gük ben igen. Ilyen pél dá ul a ka - ted rá li sok ke rek, szí nes üve gek ből össze ál lí tott ró zsa ab la ka, a ma gán áhí ta tos ság - ban sze rep hez ju tó ró zsa fü zé rek, vagy az igé ze tes szövegfragmentumokból össze ál lí tott kis köny vecs kék, a rosariumok. A ró zsa szó – mi ként a ve le meg ne ve - zett vi rág – a kö zép kor ra jel lem ző en cik lo pé di kus mó don egy ség be fog ja az er köl - csi leg ér té kes tar tal mú dol go kat, esz mé ket, ér zé se ket. A szí ne i vel, il la tá val, bo ta ni kai sa já tos sá ga i val meg jel zés re ke rü lő ró zsa szó ké- pek ré sze, a vi lá gi és az egy há zi hasz ná la tú tár gyak ró zsát meg je le ní tő rész le tei pe - dig hol har sány, hol fi nom eti kai uta lá sú il luszt rá ci ók. A ró zsá val kap cso lat ban ál ló Joachim Camerarius, c 1597. Rosa cinericeo kép ze tek meg idé zé sé nek szá ma gaz da gabb, mint a ró zsa ker té sze ti je len lé té re hi - 1 Ahogy a ró zsa a vi rá gok vi rá ga, úgy ez a há zak há za. PATTERSON, A. (2007) 52. 7 BE VE ZE TÉS. A KERT BE KE RÜ LŐ RÓ ZSA FA JOK Ugyan az eu ró pai kö zép kor és a re ne szánsz idő sza ká ból nagy szá mú for rás ta nús - ko dik ar ról, hogy a ró zsa je len van a min den na pi élet ben, de az ál ta lá ban bo nyo lult, ap ró össze te vő ben is ki bont ha tó jel kép rend szer ré sze ként fel buk ka nó vi rág ki zá ró- lag a szim bo li kus gon dol ko dás gaz dag sá gá ra utal. A kö zép ko ri as gon dol ko dás ter - mé sze tét be mu ta tó J. Huizinga ér ve lé se nyo mán az iro da lom ró zsa kép ze tei sem egye bek, mint az egyik gon dol ko dá si mód meg je le né sei. Az a ró zsa, amely az iro - dal mi, tör té ne ti, val lá si ér zé keny sé get kép vi se lő szö ve gek ben buk kan fel, s azok is, ame lyek a kép ző mű vé sze ti al ko tá sok ban a tö ké le tes ség meg je le ní tői, s a ró zsa tró - pu sok, a ró zsás alak za tok en nek a tö ké le tes ség nek va la me lyik ol da lát hang sú lyoz - zák. Ut rosa flos florum sic est domus domorum1 – áll a yorki szé kes egy ház káp ta la ni há zá ra vés ve, az ana ló gi á val tör té nő meg je le ní tés ré vén egy szer re utalva a vi rág ki - tün te tett he lyé re s a nagy ra ér té kelt vi rág gal meg je le ní tés re ke rült épít mény sze re - pé re.
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