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Reference Guide for the British National Corpus (World Edition) edited by Lou Burnard October 2000

Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Design of the corpus 3 3. Design of the written component 5 4. Design of the spoken component 12 5. Basic structure 16 6. Written texts 23 7. Spoken texts 32 8. The header 36 9. Compatibility issues 53 10. Miscellaneous code tables 58 11. Software for the BNC 74 12. List of works excerpted ?? 1. Introduction This manual contains a description of the design principles underlying the British National Corpus (BNC), and detailed information about the way in which it is encoded, in particular, a definition of the SGML document type declaration (DTD) used. A list giving brief bibliographic details for each text making up the corpus is also included. This edition of the manual is a revised version of the document released with version 1.0 of the corpus, as distributed in May 1995. It describes the BNC World Edition, released in October 2000. Further information about the BNC is also available from its World Wide Web server at http://www.hcu.ox.ac.uk/BNC The material presented in this manual derives from a number of BNC Project internal documents, with original contributions from all the participants in the project. Factual errors, chiefly relating to the composition of the corpus, have been corrected and the description of the encoding scheme has been modified in line with the changes introduced in this version. In other respects, this version of the documentation has been unchanged from the first release of the corpus. A brief list of the revisions made to the corpus encoding is given in section 9 (Compatibility issues). 1.1. Acknowledgments The BNC was created by an academic-industrial consortium whose original members were: • Oxford University Press • Longman Group Ltd • Chambers Harrap • Oxford University Computing Services • Unit for Computer Research on the English (Lancaster University) • British Library Research and Development Department

Creation of the corpus was funded by the UK Department of Trade and Industry and the Science and Engineering Research Council under grant number IED4/1/2184 (1991-1994), within the DTI/SERC Joint Framework for Information Technology. Additional funding was provided by the British Library and the British Academy. Management of the project was co-ordinated by an executive committee whose members were as follows:

OUP Tim Benbow; Simon Murison-Bowie Longman Della Summers; Rob Francis 2 1.1. Acknowledgments

Chambers Harrap John Clement OUCS Lou Burnard UCREL British Library Terry Cannon DTI observers Gerry Gavigan; Donald Bell

An Advisory Council supervised the running of the project 1991-1994. Members of this Council were:

• Dr Michael Brady • Christopher Butler • Professor David Crystal • Sir Antony Kenny (chair) • Dr Nicholas Ostler • Professor Sir Randolph Quirk • Tim Rix • Dr Henry Thompson

Many people within each member organization made major contributions to the success of the project. It is a pleasure to acknowledge their hard work and dedication here.

OUP Lyndsay Brown; Jeremy Clear (project manager 1991-2); Caroline Davis; Ginny Frewer; Frank Keenan; Tom McLean; Anita Sabin; Ray Woodall (project manager 1992-4) Longman Steve Crowdy (project manager); Denise Denney; Duncan Pettigrew Chambers Harrap Robert Allen; Ilona Morison OUCS Glynis Baguley; Gavin Burnage; Tony Dodd; Dominic Dunlop (project manager 1992-4) UCREL Tom Barney; Michael Bryant (project manager 1991-3); Elizabeth Eyes; Jean Forrest; Roger Garside; Mary Hodges; Mary Kinane; Nicholas Smith; Xungfeng Xu.

The project also benefited greatly from the advice and support of many external consultants. Listing all those who have influenced our thinking and to whom we are indebted would be very difficult, but chief amongst them we would like to thank:

• Sue Atkins • Clive Bradley • Ann Brumfitt • Charles Clark • James Clark • Bruce Heywood • Mark Lefanu • Michael Rundle • Richard Sharman • Michael Sperberg-McQueen • Anna-Brita Stenström • Russell Sweeney 2.2. General definitions 3

After the completion of the first edition of the BNC, a phase of tagging improvement was undertaken at Lancaster University with funding from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (Research Grant No. GR/F 99847). This tagging enhancement project was led by Geoffrey Leech, Roger Garside and Tony McEnery. The main objective was to correct as many tagging errors as possible, using an enhanced version of Claws4. In addition, a new tool was developed (the Template Tagger) for ‘patching’ the corpus in such a way as to eliminate further sets of errors by rule. This tool was developed by Michael Pacey, building on a prototype written by Steven Fligelstone. The research team working on tagging improvement was Nicholas Smith (lead researcher), Martin Wynne and Paul Baker. Correction and validation of the bibliographic and contextual information in all the BNC Headers was carried out at OUCS by Lou Burnard, with assistance at various stages from Andrew Hardie and Paul Groves, who helped check demographic details for all spoken texts, and in particular from David Lee, who checked bibliographic and classification information for the bulk of the written texts. Thanks are also due to the many users of the original version of the BNC who took the time to notify us of errors they found. Thanks are also due to Sebastian Rahtz for his help in the production of this manual. 2. Design of the corpus This section discusses some of the basic design issues underlying the creation of the BNC. It summarizes the kinds of uses for which the corpus is intended, and the principles upon which it was created. Some summary information about the composition of the corpus is also included.

2.1. Purpose The uses originally envisaged for the British National Corpus were set out in a working document called Planned Uses of the British National Corpus BNCW02 (11 April 91). This document identified the following as likely application areas for the corpus: • reference book publishing • academic linguistic research • language teaching • artificial intelligence • natural language processing • processing • information retrieval

The same document identified the following categories of linguistic information derivable from the corpus:

• lexical • semantic/pragmatic • syntactic • morphological • graphological/written form/orthographical

2.2. General definitions The British National Corpus is: • a sample corpus: composed of text samples generally no longer than 45,000 words. • a synchronic corpus: the corpus includes imaginative texts from 1960, informative texts from 1975. 4 2.3. Composition

• a general corpus: not specifically restricted to any particular subject field, register or genre. • a monolingual British English corpus: it comprises text samples which are sub- stantially the product of speakers of British English. • a mixed corpus: it contains examples of both spoken and written language.

2.3. Composition There is a broad consensus among the participants in the project and among corpus linguists that a general-purpose corpus of the would ideally contain a high proportion of spoken language in relation to written texts. However, it is significantly more expensive to record and transcribe natural speech than to acquire written text in computer-readable form. Consequently the spoken component of the BNC constitutes approximately 10 per cent (10 million words) of the total and the written component 90 per cent (90 million words). These were agreed to be realistic targets, given the constraints of time and budget, yet large enough to yield valuable empirical statistical data about spoken English. In the BNC sampler, a two per cent sample taken from the whole of the BNC, spoken and written language are present in approximately equal proportions, but other criteria are not equally balanced. From the start, a decision was taken to select material for inclusion in the corpus according to an overt methodology, with specific target quantities of clearly defined types of language. This approach makes it possible for other researchers and corpus compilers to review, emulate or adapt concrete design goals. This section outlines these design considerations, and reports on the final make-up of the BNC. This and the other tables in this section show the actual make-up of the second version of the British National Corpus (the BNC World Edition) in terms of • texts : number of distinct samples not exceeding 45,000 words • S-units: number of elements identified by the CLAWS system (more or less equivalent to sentences) • W-units: number of elements identified by the CLAWS system (more or less equivalent to words)

For further explanation of and elements, see section 5.4 (Segments and words). The BNC World Edition contains 4054 texts and occupies (including SGML markup) 1,508,392 Kbytes, or about 1.5 Gb. In total, it comprises just over 100 million orthographic words (specifically, 100,467,090), but the number of w-units (POS-tagged items) is slightly less: 97,619,934. The total number of s-units identified by CLAWS is just over 6 million (6,053,093). Counts for these and all the other elements tagged in the corpus are provided below in 10.1 (Elements defined by the BNC DTD) In the following tables both an absolute count and a percentage are given for all the counts. The percentage is calculated with reference to the relevant portion of the corpus, for example, in the table for "written text domain", with reference to the total number of written texts. These reference totals are given in the first table below. Table 1. Composition of the BNC World Edition Text type Texts Kbytes W-units S-units percent Spoken demographic 153 4206058 4.30 610563 10.08 Spoken context-governed 757 6135671 6.28 428558 7.07 All Spoken 910 10341729 10.58 1039121 17.78 Written books and periodicals 2688 78580018 80.49 4403803 72.75 3.1. Sampling basis: production and reception 5

Written-to-be-spoken 35 1324480 1.35 120153 1.98 Written miscellaneous 421 7373707 7.55 490016 8.09 All Written 3144 87278205 89.39 5013972 82.82

All texts are also classified according to their date of production. For spoken texts, the date was that of the recording. For written texts, the date used for classification was the date of production of the material actually transcribed, for the most part; in the case of imaginative works, however, the date of first publication was used. Informative texts were selected only from 1975 onwards, imaginative ones from 1960, reflecting their longer “shelf-life”, though most (75 per cent ) of the latter were published no earlier than 1975. Table 2. Date of production Creation date texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 162 1814051 1.85 127132 2.10 Before 1974 47 1741624 1.78 121323 2.00 1974 to 1983 156 4621950 4.73 255057 4.21 1984 to 1994 3689 89442309 91.62 5549581 91.68

Spoken and written components of the corpus are discussed separately in the next two sections. 3. Design of the written component

3.1. Sampling basis: production and reception While it is sometimes useful to distinguish in theory between language which is received (read and heard) and that which is produced (written and spoken), it was agreed that the selection of samples for a general-purpose corpus must take account of both perspectives. Text that is published in the form of books, magazines, etc., is not representative of the totality of written language that is produced, as for publication is a comparatively specialized activity in which few people engage. However, it is much more representative of written language that is received, and is also easier to obtain in useful quantities, and thus forms the greater part of the written component of the corpus. There was no single source of information about published material that could provide a satisfactory basis for a sampling frame, but a combination of various sources furnished useful information about the totality of written text produced and, particularly, received, some sources being more significant than others. They are principally statistics about books and periodicals that are published, bought or borrowed. Catalogues of books published per annum tell us something about production but little about reception as many books are published but hardly read. A list of books in print provides somewhat more information about reception as time will weed out the books that nobody bought (or read): such a list will contain a higher proportion of books that have continued to find a readership. The books that have the widest reception are presumably those that figure in bestseller lists, particularly prize winners of competitions such as the Booker or Whitbread. Such works were certainly candidates for inclusion in the corpus, but the statistics of book-buying are such that very few texts achieve high sales while a vast number sell only a few or in modest numbers. If texts had been selected in strict arithmetical proportion to their sales, their range would have 6 3.2.2. Sample size and method

been severely limited. However, where a text from one particular subject domain was required, it was appropriate to prefer a book which had achieved high sales to one which had not. Library lending statistics, where these are available, also indicate which books enjoy a wide reception and, like lists of books in print, show which books continue to be read. Similar observations hold for magazines and periodicals. lists of current magazines and periodicals are similar to catalogues of published books, but perhaps more informative about language reception, as it may be that periodicals are bought and read by a wider cross-section of the community than books. Also, a periodical that fails to find a readership will not continue to be published for long. Periodical circulation figures have to be treated with the same caution as bestseller lists, as a few titles dominate the market with a very high circulation. To concentrate too exclusively on these would reduce the range of text types in the corpus and make contrastive analysis difficult. Published written texts were selected partly at random from Whitaker’s Books in Print for 1992 and partly systematically, according to the selection features outlined in section 3.2 (Selection features) below. Available sources are concerned almost exclusively with published books and periodicals. It is much more difficult to obtain data concerning the production or reception of unpublished writing. Intuitive estimates were therefore made in order to establish some guidelines for text sampling in the latter area.

3.2. Selection features Texts were chosen for inclusion according to three selection features: domain (subject field), time (within certain dates) and medium (book, periodical, etc.). The purpose of these selection features was to ensure that the corpus contained a broad range of different language styles, for two reasons. The first was so that the corpus could be regarded as a microcosm of current British English in its entirety, not just of particular types. The second was so that different types of text could be compared and contrasted with each other. 3.2.1. Selection Procedure Each selection feature was divided into classes (e.g. “Medium” into books, periodicals, unpublished etc.; “Domain” into imaginative, informative, etc.) and target percentages were set for each class. These percentages are quite independent of each other: there was no attempt, for example, to make 25 per cent of the selected periodicals imaginative. Seventy-five per cent of the samples were to be drawn from informative texts, and the remaining 25 per cent from imaginative texts. titles were to be taken from a variety of media, in the following proportions: 60 per cent from books, 30 per cent from periodicals, 10 per cent from miscellaneous sources (published, unpublished, and written to be spoken). Half of the books in the “Books and Periodicals” class were selected at random from Whitaker’s Books in Print 1992. This was to provide a control group to validate the categories used in the other method of selection: the random selection disregarded Domain and Time, but texts selected by this method were classified according to these other features after selection. 3.2.2. Sample size and method For books, a target sample size of 40,000 words was chosen. No extract included in the corpus exceeds 45,000 words. For the most part, texts which in their entirety were shorter than 40,000 words were further reduced by ten per cent for copyright reasons; a few texts longer than the target size were however included in their entirety. Text samples normally consist of a continuous stretch of discourse from within the whole. A convenient breakpoint (e.g. the end of a section or chapter) was chosen as far as possible to begin and end the sample so that 3.2.4. Medium 7

high-level discourse units were not fragmented. Only one sample was taken from any one text. Samples were taken randomly from the beginning, middle or end of longer texts. (In a few cases, where a publication included essays or articles by a variety of authors of different nationalities, the work of non-UK authors was omitted.) Some types of written material are composite in structure: that is, the physical object in written form is composed of more than one text unit. Important examples are issues of a newspaper or magazine which, though editorially shaped as a document, contain discrete texts, each with its specific authorship, stylistic characteristics, register and domain. The BNC attempts to separate these discrete texts where appropriate and to classify them individually according to the selection and classification features. As far as possible, the individual stories in one issue of a newspaper were grouped according to domain, for example as “Business” articles, “Leisure” articles, etc. The following subsections discuss each selection criterion, and indicate the actual numbers of words in each category included. 3.2.3. Domain Classification according to subject field seems hardly appropriate to texts which are fictional or which are generally perceived to be literary or creative. Consequently, these texts are all labelled imaginative and are not assigned to particular subject areas. All other texts are treated as informative and are assigned to one of the eight domains listed below. Table 3. Written domain Domain texts w-units % s-units % Applied science 370 7104635 8.14 357067 7.12 Arts 261 6520634 7.47 321442 6.41 Belief and thought 146 3007244 3.44 151418 3.01 Commerce and finance 295 7257542 8.31 382717 7.63 Imaginative 477 16377726 18.76 1356458 27.05 Leisure 438 12187946 13.96 760722 15.17 Natural and pure science 146 3784273 4.33 183466 3.65 Social science 527 13906182 15.93 700122 13.96 World affairs 484 17132023 19.62 800560 15.96

The evidence from catalogues of books and periodicals suggests that imaginative texts account for significantly less than 25 per cent of published output, and unpublished reports, correspondence, reference works and so on would seem to add further to the bulk of in- formative text which is produced and consumed. However, the overall distribution between informative and imaginative text samples is set to reflect the influential cultural role of literature and creative writing. The target percentages for the eight informative domains were arrived at by consensus within the project, based loosely upon the pattern of book publishing in the UK during the past 20 years or so, as reflected in the categorized figures for new publications that appear annually in Whitaker’s Book list. 3.2.4. Medium This categorisation is broad, since a detailed taxonomy or feature classification of text medium could have led to such a proliferation of subcategories as to make it impossible for the BNC adequately to represent all of them. The labels used here are intended to be comprehensive in the sense that any text can be assigned with reasonable confidence to these macro categories. The labels we have adopted represent the highest levels of a fuller taxonomy of text medium. 8 3.3.1. Author information

Table 4. Written medium Medium texts w-units % s-units % Book 1414 49891770 57.16 2895652 57.75 Periodical 1208 28356005 32.48 1487725 29.67 Published miscellanea 238 4197450 4.80 288004 5.74 Unpublished miscellanea 249 3508500 4.01 222438 4.43 To-be-spoken 35 1324480 1.51 120153 2.39

The ‘Miscellaneous published’ category includes brochures, leaflets, manuals, advertise- ments. The ‘Miscellaneous unpublished’ category includes letters, memos, reports, minutes, essays. The ‘written-to-be-spoken’ category includes scripted television material, play scripts etc.

3.3. Descriptive features Written texts may be further classified according to sets of descriptive features. These features describe the sample texts; they did not determine their selection. This information is recorded to allow more delicate contrastive analysis of particular sets of texts. As a simple example, the gross division into two time periods in the selection features can, of course, be refined and subcorpora defined over the BNC for more specific dates. However, the relative sizes of such subcorpora are undefined by the BNC design specification. These descriptive features were monitored during the course of the data gathering, and text selection, in cases where a free choice of texts was available, took account of the relative balance of these features. Thus although no relative proportions were defined for different target age groups (for example), we ensured that the corpus does contain texts intended for children as well as for adults. The following tables summarize the results for the first release of the corpus. Note that many texts remain unclassified. 3.3.1. Author information Information about authors of written texts was included only where it was readily available, for example from the dust-wrapper of a book. Consequently, the coverage of such information is very patchy. The authorship of a written text was characterized as ‘corporate’ where it was produced by an organization and no specific author was given, and as ‘multiple’ in cases where several authors were named. Author sex was classified as “mixed” where more than one author of either sex was specified, and “unknown” where it could not reliably be determined from the author’s name. Note that ‘author age’ means the author’s age at the time of creation of the work concerned. Table 5. Type of author Author type texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 211 3750668 4.29 175027 3.49 Corporate 347 6497415 7.44 471152 9.39 Multiple 1323 34284025 39.28 1813636 36.17 Sole 1263 42746097 48.97 2554157 50.94

Table 6. Author sex 3.3.2. Target audience 9

Author sex texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 1573 35825335 41.04 1970482 39.29 Male 922 30434132 34.87 1675236 33.41 Female 415 14480939 16.59 972106 19.38 Mixed 234 6537799 7.49 396148 7.90

Table 7. Author age group Author age texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 2519 65457159 74.99 3707600 73.94 0-14 3 59071 0.06 3447 0.06 15-24 19 537251 0.61 29862 0.59 25-34 67 2286936 2.62 163079 3.25 35-44 191 6660606 7.63 410324 8.18 45-59 205 7157985 8.20 410717 8.19 60+ 140 5119197 5.86 288943 5.76

Table 8. Author domicile Author domicile texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 2273 56750777 65.02 3144578 62.71 UK and Ireland 843 29570097 33.88 1812550 36.14 Commonwealth 12 407076 0.46 25762 0.51 Continental Europe 6 232275 0.26 12469 0.24 USA 8 243177 0.27 15677 0.31 Elsewhere 2 74803 0.08 2936 0.05

3.3.2. Target audience Some attempt was made to characterize the kind of audience for which written texts were produced in terms of age, sex and ‘level’ (a subjective assessment of the text’s technicality or difficulty). The last of these proved very difficult to assess and was very frequently confused with circulation size or audience size; for that reason, no figures for it are included here. Table 9. Target age group age group texts w-units % s-units % Child 42 895413 1.02 81085 1.61 Teenager 77 1769940 2.02 135583 2.70 Adult 2915 81345838 93.20 4625633 92.25 Any 110 3267014 3.74 171671 3.42

Table 10. Target sex sex texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 707 20113523 23.04 1135038 22.63 10 3.4.1.1. Bestsellers

Male 61 2366396 2.71 136564 2.72 Female 176 6882659 7.88 507713 10.12 Mixed 2200 57915627 66.35 3234657 64.51

3.3.3. Miscellaneous classification information Written texts were also characterized according to their place of publication and the type of sampling used Table 11. Place of publication Region texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 690 14583761 16.70 790465 15.76 UK (unspecific) 264 7124424 8.16 383046 7.63 Ireland 37 567046 0.64 31825 0.63 UK (North) 192 3778114 4.32 230008 4.58 UK (Midlands) 93 2622554 3.00 192379 3.83 UK (South) 1854 58066891 66.53 3365045 67.11 United States 14 535415 0.61 21204 0.42

Table 12. Sampling method Sample type texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 1583 35240809 40.37 1994357 39.77 Whole text 270 6463415 7.40 433833 8.65 Beginning sample 585 20890666 23.93 1121658 22.37 Middle sample 512 18344188 21.01 1055383 21.04 End sample 119 4271138 4.89 253413 5.05 Composite 75 2067989 2.36 155328 3.09

In addition to the above, standard bibliographic details such as author, title, publication details, extent, topic keywords etc. were recorded for the majority of texts, as further described below (see 8 (The header)). 3.4. Selection procedures employed 3.4.1. Books Roughly half the titles were randomly selected from available candidates identified in Whitaker’s Books in Print (BIP), 1992, by students of Library and Information Studies at Leeds City University. Each text randomly chosen was accepted only if it fulfilled certain criteria: it had to be published by a British publisher, contain sufficient pages of text to make its incorporation worthwhile, consist mainly of written text, fall within the designated time limits, and cost less than a set price. The students noted the ISBN, author, title and price of each book thus selected; the final selection weeded out texts by non-UK authors. Half of the books having been selected by this method, the remaining half were selected systematically to make up the target percentages in each category. The selection proceeded as follows. 3.4.1.1. Bestsellers Because of their wide reception, bestsellers were obvious candidates for selection. The lists used were those that appeared in the Bookseller at the end of the years 1987 to 1993 inclusive. 3.4.4. Copyright permissions 11

Some of the books in the lists were rejected, for a variety of reasons. Obviously books that had already been selected by the random method were excluded, as were those by non-UK authors. In addition, a limit of 120,000 words from any one author was imposed, and books belonging to a domain or category whose quota had already been reached were not selected. Other bestseller lists were obtained from The Guardian, the British Council, and from Blackwells Paperback Shop. The titles yielded by this search were mostly in the Imaginative category. 3.4.1.2. Literary prizes The criteria for inclusion were the same as for bestsellers. The prize winners, together with runners-up and shortlisted titles, were taken from several sources, principally Anne Strachan, Prizewinning literature: UK literary award winners, London, 1989. For 1990 onwards the sources used were: the last issue of the Bookseller for each year; The Guardian Index, 1989–, entries under the term “Literature”; and The Times Index, 1989-, entries under the term “Literature — Awards”. Literary prizes are in the main awarded to works that fall into the Imaginative category, but there are some Informative ones also. 3.4.1.3. Library loans The source of statistics in this category was the record of loans under Public Lending Right, kindly provided by Dr J. Parker, the Registrar. The information comprised lists of the hundred most issued books and the hundred most issued children’s books, in both cases for the years 1987 to 1993. The lists consist almost exclusively of imaginative literature, and many titles found there also appear in the lists of bestsellers and prize winners. 3.4.1.4. Additional texts As collection proceeded, monitoring disclosed potential shortfalls in certain domains. A further selection was therefore made, based on the “Short Loan” collections of seven University libraries. (Short Loan collections typically contain books required for academic courses, which are consequently in heavy demand.) 3.4.2. Periodicals and magazines Periodicals, magazines and newspapers account for 30 per cent of the total text in the corpus. Of these, about 250 titles were issues of newspapers. These were selected to cover as wide a spectrum of interests and language as possible. Newspapers were selected to represent as wide a geographic spread as possible: The Scotsman and the Belfast Telegraph are both represented, for example. 3.4.3. Other media In addition to samples from books, periodicals, and magazines, the written part of the corpus contains about seven million words classified as “Miscellaneous Published”, “Miscellaneous Unpublished”, or as “Written to be spoken”. The distinction between “published” and “unpublished” is not an easy one; the former category largely contains publicity leaflets, brochures, fact sheets, and similar items, while the latter has a substantial proportion of school and university essays, unpublished creative writing or letters, and internal company memoranda. The “written to be spoken” material includes scripted material, intended to be read aloud such as television news broadcasts; transcripts of more informal broadcast materials such as discussions or phone-ins are included in the spoken part of the corpus. 3.4.4. Copyright permissions Before a selected text could be included, permissions had to be obtained from the copyright owner (publisher, agent, or author). A standard Permissions Request was drafted with consid- erable care, but some requests were refused, or simply not answered even after prompting, so that the texts concerned had to be excluded or replaced. 12 4.1.1. Sampling procedure 4. Design of the spoken component Lexicographers and linguists have long hoped for corpus evidence about spoken language, but the practical difficulties of transcribing sufficiently large quantities of text have prevented the construction of a spoken corpus of over one million words. The British National Corpus project undertook to produce five to ten million words of orthographically transcribed speech, covering a wide range of speech variation. A large proportion of the spoken part of the corpus — over four million words — comprises spontaneous conversational English. The importance of conversational dialogue to linguistic study is unquestionable: it is the dominant component of general language both in terms of language reception and language production. As with the written part of the corpus, the most important considerations in constructing the spoken part were sampling and representativeness. The method of transcription was also an important issue. The issues of corpus sampling and representativeness have been discussed at great length by many corpus linguists. With spoken language there are no obvious objective measures that can be used to define the target population or construct a sampling frame. A comprehensive list of text types can be drawn up but there is no accurate way of estimating the relative proportions of each text type other than by a priori linguistically motivated analysis. An alternative approach, one well known to sociological researchers, is demographic sampling, and this was broadly the approach adopted for approximately half of the spoken part of the corpus. The sampling frame was defined in terms of the language production of the population of British English speakers in the United Kingdom. Representativeness was achieved by sampling a spread of language producers in terms of age, gender, social group, and region, and recording their language output over a set period of time. We recognised, however, that many types of spoken text are produced only rarely in compari- son with the total output of all “speech producers”: for example, broadcast interviews, lectures, legal proceedings, and other texts produced in situations where — broadly speaking — there are few producers and many receivers. A corpus constituted solely on the demographic model would thus omit important spoken text types. Consequently, the demographic component of the corpus was complemented with a separate text typology intended to cover the full range of linguistic variation found in spoken language; this is termed the context-governed part of the corpus.

4.1. The demographically sampled part of the corpus The approach adopted uses demographic parameters to sample the population of British English speakers in the United Kingdom. Established random location sampling procedures were used to select individual members of the population by personal interview from across the country taking into account age, gender, and social group. Selected individuals used a portable tape recorder to record their own speech and the speech of people they conversed with over a period of up to a week. In this way a unique record of the language people use in everyday conversation was constructed. 4.1.1. Sampling procedure 124 adults (aged 15+) were recruited from across the United Kingdom. Recruits were of both sexes and from all age groups and social classes. The intention was, as far as possible, to recruit equal numbers of men and women, equal numbers from each of the six age groups, and equal numbers from each of four social classes. Additional recordings were gathered for the BNC as part of the University of Bergen COLT Teenager Language Project. This project used the same recording methods and transcription scheme as the BNC, but selected only respondents aged 16 or below. 4.1.2. Recording procedure 13

The tables below give figures for the amount of transcribed material collected by each respondent, classified by their age, class, and sex. Table 13. Age group of demographic respondent Age group texts w-units % s-units % 0-14 26 265382 6.30 41035 6.72 15-24 36 660847 15.71 97994 16.04 25-34 29 848162 20.16 121750 19.94 35-44 22 839622 19.96 126688 20.74 45-59 20 957382 22.76 136540 22.36 60+ 20 634663 15.08 86556 14.17

Table 14. Social class of demographic respondent Social class texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 7 37363 0.88 5339 0.87 AB 59 1363571 32.41 197804 32.39 C1 36 1097023 26.08 169384 27.74 C2 31 1080654 25.69 144877 23.72 DE 20 627447 14.91 93159 15.25

Table 15. Sex of demographic respondent Sex texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 5 16151 0.38 2407 0.39 Male 73 1730592 41.14 248247 40.65 Female 75 2459315 58.47 359909 58.94

Recruits who agreed to take part in the project were asked to record all of their conversations over a two to seven day period. The number of days varied depending on how many conversations each recruit was involved in and was prepared to record. Results indicated that most people recorded nearly all of their conversations, and that the limiting factor was usually the number of conversations a person had per day. The placement day was varied, and recruits were asked to record on the day after placement and on any other day or days of the week. In this way a broad spread of days of the week including weekdays and weekends was achieved. A conversation log allowed recruits to enter details of every conversation recorded, and included date, time and setting, and brief details of other participants. 4.1.2. Recording procedure All conversations were recorded as unobtrusively as possible, so that the material gathered approximated closely to natural, spontaneous speech. In many cases the only person aware that the conversation was being taped was the person carrying the recorder. Although an initial unnaturalness on the part of the recruit was not uncommon this soon seemed to disappear. Similarly, where non-intrusive recording was not possible, for example at a family gathering where everyone is aware they are being recorded, the same initial period of unease sometimes occurred, but in our experience again vanished quickly. The guarantee of confidentiality and complete anonymity (all references to full names and addresses have been removed from the 14 4.2. The context-governed part of the corpus

corpus and the log), and the fact that there was an intermediary between those being recorded and those listening to the recordings certainly helped. For each conversational exchange the person carrying the recorder told all participants they had been recorded and explained why. Whenever possible this happened after the conversation had taken place. If any participant was unhappy about being recorded the recording was erased. During the project around 700 hours of recordings were gathered. 4.1.3. Sample size The number of people recruited may seem small in comparison to some demographic studies of the population of the United Kingdom. As with any sampling method, some compromise between what was theoretically desirable and what was feasible within the constraints of the BNC project had to be made. There is no doubt that recruiting 1000 people would have given greater statistical validity but the practical difficulties and cost implications of recruiting 1000 people and transcribing 50–100 million words of speech made this impossible. given that we were not attempting to represent the complete range of age and social groups within each region we considered a sample size between 100 and 130 would be adequate. It is also important to stress that the total number of participants in all conversations was well in excess of a thousand. 4.1.4. Piloting the demographic sampling approach Because this approach to spoken corpus sampling had to our knowledge never previously been attempted a detailed piloting project was carried out to investigate: • the likelihood that enough material would be obtained from a sample of around 100 people • any problems that might be encountered during the recruitment and collection stages • any problems or difficulties experienced by recruits during taping or with logging details of conversations and participants • any areas where the documentation designed for the project could be improved • whether the recording quality under a wide range of conditions would be good enough for accurate transcription • whether the predicted throughput rates for tape editing, transcription and checking were accurate. The results of the pilot generally confirmed predictions and allowed some procedures to be refined for the full project. 4.2. The context-governed part of the corpus As mentioned above, the spoken texts in the demographic part of the corpus consists mainly of conversational English. A complementary approach was developed to create what is termed the context-governed part of the corpus. As in other spoken corpora, the range of text types was selected according to a priori linguistically motivated categories. At the top layer of the typology is a division into four equal-sized contextually based categories: educational, business, public/institutional, and leisure. Each is divided into the subcategories monologue (40 per cent) and dialogue (60 per cent). Each monologue subcategory therefore totals 10 per cent of the context-governed part of the corpus, and each dialogue subcategory 15 per cent. Within each subcategory a range of text types was defined. This range was not fixed, and the design was flexible enough to allow the inclusion of additional text types. The sampling methodology was different for each text type but the overall aim was to achieve a balanced selection within each, taking into account such features as region, level, gender of speakers, and topic. Other features, such as purpose, were applied on the basis of post hoc judgements. 4.2.1.4. Leisure: 15

4.2.1. Sampling procedure For the most part, a variety of text types were sampled within three geographic regions. However, some text types, such as parliamentary proceedings, and most broadcast categories, apply to the country as a whole and were not regionally sampled. Different sampling strategies were required for each text type, and these are outlined below. 4.2.1.1. Educational and informative: Lectures, talks, educational demonstrations Within each sampling area a univer- sity (or college of further education) and a school were selected. A range of lectures and talks was recorded, varying the topic, level, and speaker gender. News commentaries Regional sampling was not applied, but both national and regional broadcasting companies were sampled. The topic, level, and gender of commentator was varied. Classroom interaction Schools were regionally sampled and the level (generally based on student age) and topic were varied. Home tutorials were also included.

4.2.1.2. Business: Company talks and interviews Sampling took into account company size, areas of activity, and gender of speakers. Trade union talks Talks to union members, branch meetings and annual conferences were all sampled. Sales demonstrations A range of topics was included. Business meetings Companies were selected according to size, area of activity, and purpose of meeting. Consultations These included medical, legal, business and professional consulta- tions. All categories under this heading were regionally sampled. 4.2.1.3. Public/ or institutional: Political Regional sampling of local politics, plus speeches in both the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Sermons Different denominations were sampled. Public/government talks Regional sampling of local inquiries and meetings, plus national issues at different levels. Council meetings Regionally sampled, covering parish, town, district, and county councils. Religious meetings Includes church meetings, group discussions, and so on. Parliamentary proceedings Sampling of main sessions and committees, House of Commons and House of Lords. Legal proceedings Royal Courts of Justice, and local Magistrates and similar courts were sampled.

4.2.1.4. Leisure: Speeches Regionally sampled, covering a variety of occasions and speakers. Sports commentaries Exclusively broadcast, sampling a variety of sports, commen- tators, and TV/radio channels. Talks to clubs Regionally sampled, covering a range of topics and speakers. Broadcast chat shows and phone-ins Only those that include a significant amount of unscripted speech were selected from both television and radio. Club meetings Regionally sampled, covering a wide range of clubs. 16 5. Basic structure

4.2.2. Sample size Each monologue text type contains up to 200,000 words of text, and each dialogue text type up to 300,000 words. The length of text units within each text type vary — for example, news commentaries may be only a few minutes long (several hundred words), lectures are typically up to one hour (10,000 words), and some business meetings and parliamentary proceedings may last for several hours (20,000 words+). For the context-governed part of the corpus an upper limit of 10,000 words per text unit was generally imposed, although a few texts are slightly above this. 4.2.3. Composition of the spoken component A total of 757 texts (6,153,671 words) make up the context-governed part of the corpus. The following contexts are distinguished: Table 16. Context in which spoken text was captured Context texts w-units % s-units % Educational/Informative 169 1633303 26.61 119252 27.82 Business 131 1285938 20.95 108101 25.22 Public/Institutional 262 1655263 26.97 96504 22.51 Leisure 195 1561167 25.44 104701 24.43

In addition, the following classifications are applicable to both demographic and context- governed spoken texts: Table 17. Region where spoken text captured Region texts w-units % s-units % Unknown 35 446584 4.31 27706 2.66 South 312 4658232 45.04 458253 44.10 Midlands 213 2471184 23.89 240320 23.12 North 350 2765729 26.74 312842 30.10

Table 18. Interaction type for spoken text Interaction type texts w-units % s-units % Monologue 212 1578614 15.26 94272 9.07 Dialogue 698 8763115 84.73 944849 90.92

5. Basic structure The mark-up scheme chosen for the British National Corpus is an application of ISO 8879, the Standard Generalized Mark-Up Language. This international standard provides, amongst other things, a method of specifying an application-independent document grammar, in terms of the elements which may appear in a document, their attributes, and the ways in which they may legally be combined. It is also a superset of the language XML, the extensible markup language currently proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium for general use on the World Wide Web. A brief summary of the encoding format used in the BNC to represent SGML constructs is given in section 5.1 (Markup conventions) below; more detailed information about SGML and XML is readily available in many places. 5.1. Markup conventions 17

The original BNC encoding format was strongly influenced by the proposals of the (TEI). This international research project resulted in the development of a set of comprehensive guidelines for the encoding and interchange of a wide range of electronic texts amongst researchers. An initial report appeared in 1991, and a substantially revised and expanded version in early 1994. A conscious attempt was made to conform to TEI recommendations, where these had already been formulated, but in the first version of the BNC there were a number of differences in tag names, and models. In the present edition of the BNC, the tagging scheme has been changed to conform as far as possible with the published Recommendations of the TEI. Unless otherwise stated, elements used here have the same meaning as those of the published TEI scheme. More information about the relationship between the BNC’s markup and both its original CDIF format and the TEI standard are given in section 9 (Compatibility issues). Section 5 (Basic structure) describes the basic structure of the British National Corpus, in terms of the SGML elements distinguished and the tags used to mark them up. Section 6 (Written texts) describes the elements which are peculiar to written texts, and section 7 (Spoken texts) those peculiar to spoken texts. In each case, a distinction is made between those elements which are marked up in all texts and those which (for technical or financial reasons) are not always so distinguished, and hence appear in some texts only. Section 8 (The header) describes the structure of the element attached to each component of the corpus, and also to the whole corpus itself. Sections 6 (Written texts) and 7 (Spoken texts) informally describe the elements specific to written and to spoken texts respectively. It should be noted that by no means all of the features described here will be present in every text of the corpus, nor, if present, will they necessarily be tagged. A list of elements actually used in the whole corpus is given below in 10.1 (Elements defined by the BNC DTD).

5.1. Markup conventions The BNC texts use the “reference concrete syntax” of SGML, in which all elements are delimited by the use of tags. There are two forms of tag, a start-tag, marking the beginning of an element, and an end-tag marking its end. Tags are delimited by the characters < and >, and contain the name of the element (its gi, for generic identifier), preceded by a solidus (/) in the case of an end-tag. For example, a heading or title in a written text will be preceded by a tag of the form and followed by a tag in the form . Everything between these two tags is regarded as the content of an element of type . Attributes applicable to element instances, if present, are also indicated within the start-tag, and take the form of an attribute name, an equal sign and the attribute value, which may be a number, a string literal or a quoted literal. Attribute values are used for a variety of purposes, notably to represent the codes allocated to particular words by the CLAWS tagging scheme. For example, the element may take an attribute type which categorizes it in some way. A main heading will thus appear with a start tag , and a subheading with a start tag . In XML (but not always in SGML), case is significant in all tag or attribute names. A consistent style has been adopted throughout the corpus. This style uses lower-case letters for identifiers, unless they are derived from more than one word, in which case the first letter of the second and any subsequent word is capitalized. 18 5.3. Corpus and text elements

SGML (but not XML) permits various kinds of minimization, or abbreviatory conventions. Only two such are used: end-tag omission and attribute-name omission. These conventions apply only to the elements , and (i.e., for sentences, words, and punctuation). For all other non-empty elements, every occurrence in the distributed form of the corpus has both a start-tag and an end-tag, and any attributes specified are supplied in the form attribute name=value (in the body of the texts), or attribute name="value" (in the headers). For the elements , and , and all empty elements, end-tags are routinely omitted. For these three elements only, attribute values are given without any associated attribute name. See section 5.4 (Segments and words) for some examples. In the present release of the corpus, the headers are marked up using XML: this means that empty-tags take a slightly different form and that attribute values are always quoted. Only a restricted range of characters is used in element content: specifically, the upper- and lower-case alphabetics, digits, and a subset of the common punctuation marks. All other characters are represented by SGML entity references, which take the form of an ampersand (&) followed by a mnemonic for the character, and terminated by a semicolon (;) where this is necessary to resolve ambiguity. For example, the pound sign is represented by the string £, the character é by the string é and so forth. The French word “été” (summer), if it appeared in the corpus, would be represented as été The mnemonics used are taken from standard entity sets, and are listed in section 10.2 (Character entities defined by the BNC DTD). Finally, although this is not mandated by either XML or SGML, in the present form of the corpus, tags are never broken across linebreaks. Additionally, an attempt has been made to avoid linebreaks within the content of a single element, so as to simplify processing of the text. 5.2. Global attributes Three global attributes are defined, each of which may potentially be specified for any element. In practice their use is limited to certain specific functions, which are discussed at the appropriate place below, but for convenience their use is also summarized here: id system-generated identifier of an item, unique within the corpus n any name or identifier for an element, not necessarily unique within the corpus rend the rendition or appearance of an element.

5.3. Corpus and text elements The British National Corpus contains a large number of text samples, some spoken and some written. Each such sample has some associated descriptive or bibliographic information particular to it, and there is also a large body of descriptive information which applies to the whole corpus. In SGML terms, the British National Corpus consists of a single SGML element, tagged . This element contains a single element, followed by a sequence of elements. Each such element contains its own , followed by either a element (for written texts) or an element (for spoken texts). The last named element is an extension of the TEI scheme, but the others are all standard TEI elements, possibly renamed as permitted by the TEI scheme. The components of the header are fully documented in section 8 (The header). Further discussion of SGML concepts and practices is provided in section 11 (Software for the BNC). 5.4. Segments and words 19

Note that different elements are used for spoken and written texts because each has a different substructure; this represents a departure from TEI recommended practice. Both and elements take the following attributes in addition to the attributes globally available: org specifies how the content of the text is organised. Legal values are: composite composite content: i.e. no claim is made about the sequence in which elements inferior to this one are to be processed, or their inter-relationships seq sequential content: i.e. the elements contained by this one form a logical unit, to be processed in the sequence given decls supplies the identifiers of any specific encoding or editorial conventions defined in the corpus header and applicable to this specific text

The org attribute is used to characterize the internal organization of written texts. All demographically collected spoken texts have the same internal organization: each element collects together all the conversations for a given respondent, each distinct conversa- tion being represented by a

element (see further 7.1 (Basic structure: spoken texts)). Since the order of these
elements is not significant, the org attribute always has the value “composite”.

5.4. Segments and words At the lowest level, the corpus consists of (word) and (punctuation) elements, grouped into (segment) elements: a segment of spoken or written text as identified by the CLAWS segmentation scheme. The global n attribute is always supplied for elements. represents a grammatical (not necessarily orthographic) word. Note that the CLAWS definition of a ‘word’ does not correspond with the conventional orthogaphic definition. Attributes include: type specifies the word class assigned to this form by the CLAWS system. represents a punctuation character. Attributes include: type specifies the class assigned to this character by the CLAWS system.

For this edition of the BNC, the word class tagging system has been extensively revised. A detailed description of the tagging procedures and their application is provided by the Manual to accompany The British National Corpus (Version 2) with Improved Word-class Tagging by Geoffrey Leech and Nicholas Smith, which is distributed with the corpus in electronic form. A short list of the POS codes used for the type attribute on and is also provided in section 10.9 (Word class codes) below. As noted above, the representation of this attribute used by the current version of the corpus is minimized, so, for example, the word difficulty tagged as a singular noun, appears as Difficulty rather than as the equivalent XML encoding: Difficulty The element is the basic organizational principle for the whole corpus: every text, spoken or written, may be regarded as an end-to-end sequence of elements, possibly grouped into higher-level constructs, such as paragraphs or utterances. 20 5.4. Segments and words

Here is a simple example: Difficulty is being expressed with the method to be used to launch the scheme. The n attribute is specified for each element and gives its sequence number within the text from which it comes. The code within each or tag is the word class code assigned by the CLAWS tagging system. These codes are listed below, in section 10.9 (Word class codes). In most cases, elements will correspond with regular orthographic sentences, and elements with regular orthographic words. However, it should be noted that several common phrases are treated as single elements, typically prepositional phrases such as “in spite of”, while some single orthographic forms such as “can’t” and possessive forms such as “man’s” are decomposed into two elements. Further discussion of these non-orthographic word forms is given in the accompanying Manual to accompany The British National Corpus (Version 2) with Improved Word-class Tagging by Geoffrey Leech and Nicholas Smith. Fragmentary sentences such as headings or labels in lists are sometimes encoded as elements, as in the following example: THEOBALD’S ROAD

He walked through the white corridors, past the notice boards.

Partly for this reason, the white space (if any) following each orthographic word has been retained in the encoded text. Simply removing the tags will in general produce a correctly punctuated text. (Note however that some punctuation marks are represented as entity references: It was thesort of sight —the poor, the strange &mdash which usually alarmed Graham.

Dashes used to separate numbers are represented in a similar way, using the ndash entity. Quotation marks are also represented by entity references The reference name used will depend on whether or not the usage of quotation marks in the text has been normalized. Information in the header should describe the course taken for a particular text, as described in section 8.2.1 (Documentary components of the encoding description). Where the quoted text is a true quotation (that is, a phrase or sequence attributed to someone other than the current narrator or writer) the element discussed in section 6.2.2 (Quotations) may optionally be used. This does not apply to dialogue in fictional works, which is not marked, except by the presence of the quotation mark entities, as in the following example:

5.5. Editorial indications 21

&bquoHe’s a dry stick, Wilson,&equo said Mr Malik, &bquobut he is 100 per cent loyal. And I am looking for 100 per cent loyalty. Everything else can go hang!&equo

5.5. Editorial indications Editorial changes made to the texts during transcription are recorded using the following elements: marks the spot where some part of the original source text has been omitted for some reason. Attributes include: desc brief description of the material omitted e.g. "name and address". extent extent of omitted material e.g. "six words". reason brief explanation e.g. "anonymization", "inaudible". resp code identifying the agency responsible for marking up the omis- sion.

The element is typically used to indicate where words identifying persons or places have been removed during transcription, where labels etc. have been suppressed for ease of processing, or where material has simply not been transcribed because it is inaudible, illegible or not transcribable (e.g. figures, graphs).

any editorial correction or regularization, e.g. of material obviously mistran- scribed or misspelled, or of variant spellings. Attributes include: sic supplies the original form of the word or phrase marked. resp code identifying the agency responsible for making the correction. a word or phrase which has not been corrected, but which is in doubt; for example, a spoken word which the transcribers cannot recognise, or a dubious spelling. Attributes include: reg supplies a corrected form for the word or phrase marked. resp code identifying the agency responsible for noting the need for correction.

In general, the element is used wherever a word appears to be misspelled in the source, and the element where the transcriber is unable to propose a correction, but believes the original to be erroneous. The element is also used to mark words which are intentionally misspelled, for example to indicate non-standard pronunciation; in this case, the corr attribute is used to supply a standard spelling. Slightly different transcription policies have been followed by different transcribers, and consequently these elements may not appear in all texts. The element of the header described in section 8.2.1 (Documentary components of the encoding description) gives further details of the editorial principles applied across the corpus. The value of the decls attribute for an individual text will indicate which principle or set of principles applies to it. The element in each text’s header may also be consulted for an indication of the usage of these and other elements within it (see further section 8.2 (The encoding description)). 22 5.5.1. Some examples

Users are cautioned that the corpus contains a significant number of errors, both in tran- scription and encoding. Every attempt has been made to reduce the incidence of such errors to an acceptable level, using a number of automatic and semi-automatic validation and correction procedures, but exhaustive proof-reading of a corpus of this size was not economically feasible. The corrections indicated by the tags discussed above are included only where errors have been detected, and no claim should be inferred that no other errors remain. 5.5.1. Some examples In the following example, the start of a chapter has been deleted at OUCS for sampling reasons:

Her thin voice trailed off into thin air,

In the following example, a list of proper names has been deleted: 27.6.90 Minutes of a meeting of the Juniper Green Village Association held in the Village Hall on Wednesday, 27th June at 7.30 pm.

In the following example, a telephone number has been omitted:

Ring .

In the following examples, typographic errors in the original are corrected: ... It .... tries soulfully not to lose its integrity. ... I was fourteen then,

In the following example, typographic variation in the original has been regularized: The sum of £60 had been raised for the Telethon Appeal and further weekend competitions are on the programme.

In the following example, the transcriber has expressed a doubt as to the validity of the word “memorandising”, but no correction has been made, as it has for the misspelling “bedeviled” which follows it: 6.1. Divisions of written texts 23

He could listen to her gentle teasing before going into his secret room and memorandising the questions which bedevilled him.

5.6. Pointers Parts of a text are normally transcribed in the same order as they appear in the source text. In certain circumstances, however, parts of a text have been moved from the position in which they appear in the source to simplify linguistic processing. There are two common situations where this is necessary: • where a caption or note appears in the middle of a syntactic unit • where speakers overlap Where re-ordering of the first type has occurred, the moved element is generally re-located to the end of the paragraph or similar element in which it appears. Its original position is recorded using a pointer element (), an empty tag whose target attribute supplies the identifier of the relocated element. In the following example, the note which originally appeared between the words “roughie-toughie” and “types” has been relocated to the end of the paragraph. The note itself is given an automatically-generated identifier C87NT000 which is then supplied as the value of the target attribute. For example, Two men retained their marbles, and as luck would have it they’re both roughie-toughie types as well as military scientists &mdash a cross between Albert Einstein and Action Man! their way to freedom &mdash so get blasting!

continued on page 7

This mechanism is also used to represent captions, notes, etc which interrupt the normal reading sequence. By far the commonest use of the element, however, is to represent alignment of synchronous speech; see further section 7.4 (Alignment of overlapping speech). 6. Written texts 6.1. Divisions of written texts Written texts exhibit a bewildering variety and richness of different structural forms. Some have very little organization at levels higher than the paragraphs; others may have a complex hierarchy of parts, sections, chapters etc. are divided into chapters, newspapers into sections, reference works into articles and so forth. The following elements are used to represent all such textual divisions: major subdivision of a written text, e.g. chapter. 24 6.2. Paragraph-level elements and chunks

further subdivision of a written text, entirely contained within a , e.g. section. further subdivision of a written text, entirely contained within a , e.g. subsection. smallest possible subdivision of a written text, entirely contained within a , e.g. sub-subsection. Most written texts, of whatever kind, are hierarchically subdivided using these elements. Structural subdivisions smaller than level 4 (but above paragraph level) are all tagged . In all texts, structural subdivisions at the highest level () are always identified; lower levels of subdivision (i.e. , or ) may also be supplied where appropri- ate, but are not required. These elements have the following attributes in common, in addition to the global attributes id, n, and r: type categorizes the division in some respect, e.g. as a chapter, section etc. org specifies how the content of the division is organized. Legal values are: compo composite content: i.e. no claim is made about the sequence in which elements inferior to this one are to be processed, or their interrelationships seq sequential content: i.e. elements inferior to this are regarded as forming a logical unit, to be processed in the sequence given complete specifies whether or not this division is complete or a sample. Legal values are: Y the full text of the original has been used N a sample of the original text has been used The n attribute is sometimes used to supply an identifying name or number used within the text for a given division, for example, a chapter number, as in the following example:

More often, however, chapter names or numbers will appear within the text, tagged using the element discussed in section 6.2.1 (Headings and captions) below. The value of the attribute type is used to characterise the function of the textual division, according to an informal taxonomy. The values used are listed in 10.3 (Division types). If a value is supplied for one division at a given level, it may be assumed to apply to all subsequent divisions at the same level until the end of the enclosing element. A sequence of paragraph-level elements of arbitrary length may precede the first structural subdivision at any level. A text may have no structural divisions within it at all. Note that any prefatory or appended matter not forming part of a text will not generally be captured: the tei elements and elements are not used. 6.2. Paragraph-level elements and chunks Written texts may be organized into structural units containing more than one element and smaller than any of the divisions discussed in section 6.1 (Divisions of written texts) above. The most commonly found such element is the

(paragraph), but there are several others. Their common identifying feature is that they may appear directly within divisions (that is, directly within , etc., or within elements, not nested within some other element such as a paragraph). An alphabetically ordered list of these elements follows: a loosely structured bibliographic citation appearing within a corpus text (see 6.2.6 (Notes and citations)). 6.2.1. Headings and captions 25

(1) a heading, title etc. attached to a picture or diagram, usually with deictic content (2) a ‘pull quote’ or other text about or extracted from a text and superimposed upon it to draw attention to it (see 6.2.1 (Headings and captions)). Attributes include: type categorizes the caption. Legal values are: byline caption containing authorship or provenance of an article in a newspaper or periodical display extra-textual caption such as a pull quote or displayed box attached caption describing a non-transcribed item such as a figure or photograph unspec not specified or unknown a title or heading prefixed to some division of a written text or to a poem (see 6.2.1 (Headings and captions)). Attributes include: type characterises the heading in some respect. Legal values are: byline heading containing authorship or provenance of an article in a periodical main a main heading (only one allowed per div) sub a secondary heading (may be zero or more per div) unspec not specified or unknown a collection of distinct items flagged as such by special layout in written texts, often functioning as a single syntactic unit (see 6.2.5 (Lists)). any form of note, additional comment or gloss within a written or spoken text (see 6.2.6 (Notes and citations)).

a paragraph in a written text. a poem, or an extract from one, embedded or quoted within a spoken or written text (see 6.2.4 (Poems)). a quotation from some author other than that of the surrounding text, usually either embedded or displayed (see 6.2.2 (Quotations)). a spoken paragraph, i.e. material marked as “written to be spoken”, usually by the presence of a speaker prefix, for example in a play script or printed interview (see 6.2.3 (Spoken paragraphs)).

Examples for each of these (except

) are discussed in more detail in the following subsections. 6.2.1. Headings and captions Headings and captions serve a variety of functions in written texts. The BNC scheme currently distinguishes between elements, which can appear only at the start of a text division and are logically associated with it (for example, chapter titles, newspaper headlines etc.) and elements which are logically independent of the position they may have within a textual division (for example, captions attached to pictures or figures, “pull-quotes” embedded within the text, “by-lines” identifying authorship and provenance of a newspaper or periodical article). One or more elements may appear in sequence at the start of any , , or element, or at the start of a or , as in the following example:.

26 6.2.2. Quotations

AGEISM THE FOUNDATION OF AGE DISCRIMINATION STEVE SCRUTTON

In the following example, the element is followed by a number of elements introducing particular parts of a magazine : TROUSERS SUIT There is nothing masculine about these new trouser suits in summer’s soft pastels. Smart and acceptable for city wear but soft enough for relaxed days

The type attribute may be used to distinguish more exactly the function of the caption or heading, as indicated below. They’re doing fine Dominic sees double

Where captions would interrupt the normal flow, pointers are used as discussed in section 5.6 (Pointers). 6.2.2. Quotations A quotation is an extract from some other work than the text itself which is embedded within it, for example as an epigraph or illustration. It is marked up using the element. This may contain any combination of other chunks (for example paragraphs, poems, lists) but may not directly contain phrase-level elements. Any reference for the citation should also be contained within it. For example:

This way for the sorrowful city. This way for eternal suffering. 6.2.4. Poems 27

This way to join the lost people&hellip Abandon all hope, you who enter&hellip Dante

6.2.3. Spoken paragraphs As noted above, the element is used to mark parts of a written text which were or are intended to be spoken, for example the speeches in a dramatic text or a published interview. Such parts are generally readily identifiable by the use of such conventions as speaker prefixes (the label supplying the name of the speaker) and stage directions, for which the following specific tags are defined: contains the speech prefix used in the original source to identify the speaker of a passage written to be spoken. contains any kind of stage direction within a dramatic text.

The element is used only for speaker turns identified as such in a written text, by contrast with the element discussed in section 7.2 (Utterances), which is used only for speaker turns identified in a spoken text, i.e. one which has been transcribed from audio tape. If present, a element should appear at the start of the element, followed by one or more

elements containing the actual speech. Any element present will usually be relocated to the end of the paragraph in which it occurs and replaced by a element, as discussed in section 5.6 (Pointers). For example: M

Give her medicine. I’ll kill myself if she dies.

(Sinking to knees and banging head on floor)

6.2.4. Poems Poems or fragments of verse or song may appear both within and between paragraphs. The (line) element is used to mark each metrical line, and any titles or headings present are marked with elements. Each such group of lines is marked as a element, with no indication of its completeness. 28 6.2.5. Lists

No provision is made for marking units of verse such as stanzas, verse paragraphs etc. A part attribute is defined for the which allows incomplete lines to be indicated, but in the current version of the corpus this always takes the value “u” (for unknown). For example: I send my soul through time and space to greet you. You were a poet. You will understand.

Note that the element is not used to mark typographic lineation; on the few occasions where this has been recorded, it is marked with the tag discussed in section 6.3.2 (Miscellaneous phrase-level elements) below. 6.2.5. Lists A list is a collection of distinct items flagged as such by special layout in written texts, often functioning as a single syntactic unit. Lists may appear within or between paragraphs. Where marked, lists are tagged with the element. A element consists of an optional element, followed by one or more elements, each of which may optionally be preceded by a

element. Here is an example of a simple list: Is your nylon nightie fireproof? The hurricane was mighty fierce. Will you mow the lawn? Did you know the time?

Here is an example of a labelled list: 6.2.6. Notes and citations 29

Surya &mdash Sun &mdash Creative agent

Vayu &mdash Air &mdash Preserving agent

Agni &mdash Fire &mdash Destructive agent

6.2.6. Notes and citations Annotations occurring in written texts, and bibliographic citations or references, have been marked up in some texts, using the element. This element has the following additional attributes: type identifies the provenance of the note, i.e. editorial or authorial. Legal values are: ed note supplied by BNC transcriber or encoder orig note present in the original source text ed code for the person or organization responsible for BNC-supplied note. Legal values are: lancs Note supplied by UCREL grammarians longm Note supplied by Longman transcribers oucs Note supplied by OUCS staff oup Note supplied by OUP transcribers undef Provenance of note unknown or unspecified place specifies the location of an original note in the source text. Legal values are: foot foot of page end end of current division or text side left or right margin unspec unknown or unspecified. Notes within headers are tagged using a distinct element, which is a departure from TEI-recommended practice, as is the use of the element for both original and supplied annotation. The two usages are distinguished by the type attribute. 30 6.3.1. Highlighted phrases

Here for example is a typical transcriber’s note: Page numbers not available

Original notes may contain any mixture of other chunks, and may also contain paragraphs: they may appear in written texts only. They will normally be relocated to the end of the section in which they appear, and their original position marked by a element, as discussed in section 5.6 (Pointers). For example: As the UK’s main independent AIDS home care provider, we cared for around 25% of all those who died of AIDS last year . In London, demand for our Home Care services doubled over the last twelve months. I expect demand for this service to continue to grow over the coming year.

AIDS deaths: April 1990 &mdash March 1991, UK total (CDSC figures &mdash 584 April 1991.) Our Home Care teams saw 141 AIDS related deaths last year

Note the use of the n attribute to carry the original footnote number in the above example. Bibliographic citations or references within running texts may also be marked, using the element; this is done in some texts only in the present version of the corpus. For example: Mordechai Chaim Rumkowski, Eldest of the Jews in the Lodz ghetto, speaking in 1942

6.3. Phrase-level elements Phrase-level elements are elements which cannot appear directly within a textual division, but must be contained by some other element. In practice, this means they will be contained within an element. 6.3.1. Highlighted phrases Typographic highlighting in the original may not be marked in the transcript at all. Alterna- tively, highlighted phrases, and the kind of highlighting used, may be recorded in one of two ways: 6.3.2. Miscellaneous phrase-level elements 31

• using the global rend (rendition) attribute • using the (highlighted) element

The former is used where the function of the highlighting is clear, for example to mark a heading, and where the boundaries of the highlighted phrase therefore coincide with the boundaries of some other cdif element. The latter is used where the function is not clear, where the DTD does not provide a tag to identify the feature concerned or where the highlighted phrase is not coterminous with some other element. When the element is used, its rend attribute must be supplied. On all other cdif elements, the rend attribute is optional. Its value indicates the nature of the highlighting used, e.g. italic font, quoted, small caps etc. A list of the values used for this attribute is given in section 10.4 (Rendition codes) below. It should be noted that the purpose of the rend attribute is not to provide information adequate to the needs of a typesetter, but simply to record some qualitative information about the original. In particular, the present version of the corpus includes no indication of size of type or style of writing. Like all other phrase-level elements, each element must be entirely contained by an element. This implies that where, for example, a bolded passage contains more than one sentence, or an italicised phrase begins in one verse line and ends in another, the element must be closed at the end of the enclosing element, and then re-opened within the next. For example, in the following four lines of verse, the first three are rendered in italics, and the rend attribute is therefore specified for each element. In the fourth line, only the first few words are in italics: a element must be used within the to carry this information. It was one of a pair. Its precious twin was stolen by the soldiers. All the time her uncle stood there clutching this one in his big fist &mdash so!

She does a little mime.

6.3.2. Miscellaneous phrase-level elements The following miscellaneous phrase-level elements also appear within elements in written texts: marks the start of a new page in the original source; used to indicate where e.g. articles in periodicals are split across several pages. marks the start of a new (printed) line in the original source. proper name of a person, place or institution. a formulaic greeting or form of address appearing at the start or the end of a spoken or a written text.

In this example, the presence of a page break between two verse lines is indicated by the element: 32 7.1. Basic structure: spoken texts

&mdash and creditors grow cruel, so he bows and scrapes,

In the following example, the element has been used to mark the position of line breaks in the source text, since they seem to be taking the place of conventional punctuation: Man of the Year Design Design Concept Technical Innovation Safety Achievement Environmental Contribution Marketing Initiative Manufacturer in Motorsport Specialist Manufacturer Mid-size Manufacturer Large Manufacturer

In the following example, the element has been used to separate the addressee of a letter from the rest of the text: Ask to see examples of their work and contact references from their past projects. JOHN DIBBLE Partner, Atlam Design Partnership, Portland House, Portland Street, Leamington Spa, Warwickshire.

7. Spoken texts

7.1. Basic structure: spoken texts Spoken texts are organized quite differently from written texts. In particular, a complex hierarchy of divisions and subdivisions is inappropriate. The following structural elements are used to represent the organization of spoken texts: an individual spoken text.

any subdivision or grouping of the utterances (etc.) making up a spoken text.

In demographically sampled spoken texts, each distinct conversation recorded by a given respondent is treated as a distinct

element. All the conversations from a single respondent are grouped together to form a single element. Each
element within a demographically sampled spoken text consists of a sequence of elements (see section 7.2 (Utterances)), interspersed with a variety of empty elements used to indicate para- linguistic phenomena noticed by the transcribers (see section 7.3 (Paralinguistic phenomena)). Context-governed spoken texts do not use the
element; each element containing a context-governed spoken text consists of a sequence of elements again interspersed with a variety of empty elements used to indicate para-linguistic phenomena noticed by the transcribers. 7.3. Paralinguistic phenomena 33

To handle overlapping utterances, TEI recommends the use of a device known as an alignment map, discussed in section 7.4 (Alignment of overlapping speech) below. A single alignment map, represented by the element, may be defined for a whole spoken text, or for each division of it: if overlap is present, the alignment map is given at the start of the division or text concerned. Each utterance is further subdivided into elements, and then into and elements, in the same way as for written texts. The methods and principles applied in transcription and normalisation of speech are dis- cussed in TGCW21 Spoken Corpus Transcription Guide and summarised in the appropriate part of the corpus header. The editorial tags discussed in section 5.5 (Editorial indications) above are also used to represent normalisation practice when dealing with transcribed speech.

7.2. Utterances An utterance is a discrete sequence of speech produced by one participant, or group of participants, in a conversation; it is represented by the element, which has the following additional attribute: who identifies the person or group responsible for the utterance.

The who attribute is mandatory: its function is to identify the person or group of people making the utterance, using the unique code defined for that person in the appropriate section of the header (see section 8.3.2 (The element)). A simple example follows: Mm mm .

The code W0001 used here will be specified as the value for the id attribute of some element within the header of the text from which this example is taken. The code PS000 is used where the speaker cannot be identified and the code PS001 is used for a group of unidentified speakers. Where there are several distinct, but unidentified, speakers within a text, distinct identifiers are used. For example, if text xyz contains two different but unidentified speakers, one of them will be given the identifier XYZSP001, and the other XYZSP002.

7.3. Paralinguistic phenomena In transcribing spoken language, it is necessary to select from the possibly very large set of distinct paralinguistic phenomena which might be of interest. In the texts transcribed for the BNC, encoders were instructed to mark the following such phenomena: voice quality for example, whispering, laughing, etc., both as discrete events and as changes in voice quality affecting passages within an utterance. non-verbal but vocalised sounds for example, coughs, humming noises etc. non-verbal and non-vocal events for example passing lorries, animal noises, and other matters considered worthy of note. significant pauses silence, within or between utterances, longer than was judged normal for the speaker or speakers. unclear passages whole utterances or passages within them which were inaudible or incomprehensible for a variety of reasons. speech management phenomena for example truncation, false starts, and correc- tion. overlap points at which more than one speaker was active. 34 7.3. Paralinguistic phenomena

Other aspects of spoken texts are not explicitly recorded in the encoding, although their headers contain considerable amounts of situational and participant information. The elements used to mark these phenomena are listed below in alphabetical order:

any non-verbal and non-vocal event (such as a door slamming) occurring during a conversation and regarded as worthy of note. Attributes include: desc description of the event. dur duration of the event in seconds. a marked pause during or between utterances. Attributes include: dur duration of the pause in seconds. a marked change in voice quality for any one speaker. Attributes include: new description of the voice quality after the shift. a word or phrase which has been truncated during speech. a point in a spoken text at which it is unclear what is happening, e.g. who is speaking or what is being said. Attributes include: dur the duration of the passage in seconds. who the person or group responsible for the unclear piece of speech. a non-linguistic but communicative sound made by one of the participants in a spoken text. Attributes include: desc the kind of sound made dur duration of the sound in seconds.

The value of the dur attribute is normally specified only if it is greater than 5 seconds, and its accuracy is only approximate. With the exception of the element, which is a special case of the editorial tags discussed in section 5.5 (Editorial indications) above, all of these elements are empty, and may appear anywhere within a transcription. The following example shows an event, several pauses and a patch of unclear speech: You gotta Radio Two with that . Bloody pirate station wouldn’t you ?

Where the whole of an utterance is unclear, that is, where no speech has actually been transcribed, the element is used on its own, with an optional who attribute to indicate who is speaking, if this is identifiable. For example: .... ...

Here YY’s remarks, whatever they are, are too unclear to be transcribed, and so no element is provided. 7.4. Alignment of overlapping speech 35

The values used for the desc attribute of the element are not constrained in the current version of the corpus. Some common examples follow:

As noted above, a distinction is made between discrete vocal events, such as laughter, and changes in voice quality, such as words which are spoken in a laughing tone. The former are encoded using the element, as in the following example: you’ll have to take that off there yeah you can

The element is used instead where the laughter indicates a change in voice quality, as in the following example: And erm and then we went in Top Marks and got them so we never got we went through for a video really , never got round to looking for a video did we?

Here the passage between the tags and is spoken with a laughing intonation. A list of values currently used for the new attribute is given below in section 10.5 (Voice quality codes). 7.4. Alignment of overlapping speech By default it is assumed that the events represented in a transcription are non-overlapping and that they are transcribed in temporal sequence. That is, unless otherwise specified, it is implied that the end of one utterance precedes the start of the next following it in the text, perhaps with an interposed element. Where this is not the case, the following elements are used: defines an alignment map used to synchronise points within a spoken text. a synchronisation point within an alignment map to which other elements may refer. an empty tag pointing from one part of a text to some other element. Attributes include: target supplies the identifier of some other element in a text; for align- ment, specifically, a element within an alignment.

For each point of synchrony, i.e. at each place where the number of simultaneous utterances, events, vocals etc. increases or decreases, a element is defined within an element, which appears at the start of the enclosing

, if any. At each place to be 36 8. The header

synchronised within the text, a element is inserted. The target (target) attributes of these elements are then used to specify the identifier of the with which each is to be synchronised. The following example demonstrates how this mechanism is used to indicate that one speaker’s attempt to take the floor has been unsuccessful: Poor old Luxembourg’s beaten. You you’ve you’ve absolutely just gone straight over it I haven’t. and forgotten the poor little country.

This encoding is the CDIF equivalent of what might be presented in a conventional playscript as follows: W0001: Poor old Luxembourg’s beaten. You, you’ve, you’ve absolutely just gone straight over it -- W0014: (interrupting) I haven’t. W0001: (at the same time) and forgotten the poor little country.

8. The header The header of a TEI-conformant text generally provides a highly structured description of its contents, analogous to the title page and front matter provided for conventional printed books. Such information is all too often missing in electronic texts; or if supplied, provided only in the form of external documentation such as this manual. The component elements of a TEI header are intended to provide in machine-processable form all the information needed to make sensible use of the Corpus. Every separate text in the British National Corpus (i.e. each element) has its own header, referred to below as a text header. In addition, the corpus itself has a header, referred to below as the corpus header, containing information which is applicable to the whole corpus, possibly with some local over-riding, as described in section. Both corpus and text headers are represented by elements. This element carries the following attributes: type specifies the kind of document to which the header is attached. Legal values are: corpus the header is attached to the corpus. text the header is attached to a single text. creator specifies the agency responsible for creating the header. status specifies the revision status of the associated document. Legal values are: new for BNC release 1.0. update for all subsequent releases. update specifies the date on which the header content was last changed or created. 8.1.1. The title statement 37

In the remainder of this section, we describe the components of the element, as used within the BNC. The headers used in this release of the corpus are fully TEI compatible, but do not use all features of the TEI as documented in P3. A TEI header contains a file description (section 8.1 (The file description)), an encoding description (section 8.2 (The encoding description)), a profile description (section 8.3 (The profile description)) and a revision description (section 8.4 (The revision description)), represented by the following four elements:

contains a full bibliographic description of the corpus itself or of a text within it. documents the relationship between an electronic text and the source or sources from which it was derived. provides further information about various aspects of a text, specif- ically the language used, the situation and date of its production, the participants and their setting, and a descriptive classification for it. summarizes the revision history of a file.

8.1. The file description The file description () is the first of the four main constituents of the header. It documents the electronic file itself, i.e. (in the case of a corpus header) the whole corpus, or (in the case of a text header) any characteristics peculiar to an individual file within it. In each case, it contains the following five subdivisions: contains title information, identifying the corpus, or a text within it. contains additional information relating to a particular version of the corpus (not used with individual corpus texts). describes the approximate size of the electronic file as stored on some carrier medium. formally describes the publication or distribution of the corpus and its constituent texts. supplies a bibliographic description for the copy text(s) from which a particular corpus text was derived or generated.

Further detail for each of these is given in the following subsections. 8.1.1. The title statement As used in the BNC, the title statement () element has a simpler structure than the equivalent TEI element: it contains one or more elements, followed by zero or more <author>, <editor>, or <respStmt> elements. These sub-elements are used throughout the header, wherever the title of a work or a statement of responsibility are required. <title> the title or chief name of a work, including any alternative titles or subtitles. <respStmt> supplies information about any person or institution responsible for the intellectual content of a text, edition, or electronic transcription, using the following two sub-elements: <resp> contains a phrase describing the nature of a person’s or institu- tion’s intellectual responsibility. <name> proper name of a person, place or institution.</p><p>For title elements in this version of the BNC, a standardized form of words has been used which includes the following components: 38 8.1.2. The edition statement</p><p>• for written texts, a (possibly shortened) version of the original source title, or, if there is none, a descriptive phrase enclosed in square brackets • an indication of the size and type of the document • a note indicating the domain or subject matter of the document</p><p>Here are some typical examples:</p><p><title>British intelligence services in action. Sample containing about 39645 words from a book (domain: world affairs) Harlow Women’s Institute committee meeting. Sample containing about 246 words speech recorded in public context The Scotsman: Arts section. Sample containing about 48246 words from a periodical (domain: arts) 32 conversations recorded by ‘Frank’ (PS09E) between 21 and 28 February 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling 3193 s-units, 20607 words, and 3 hours 22 minutes 23 seconds of recordings. <title>[Leaflets advertising goods and products]. Sample containing about 23409 words of miscellanea (domain: commerce)

A element is used to indicate each agency responsible for any significant effort in the creation of the text. Since responsibilities for data encoding and storage, and for enrichment, are the same for all texts, they are not repeated in each text header. The responsibility for original data capture and transcription varies text by text, and is therefore stated in each text header, in the following manner:

Data capture and transcription Longman ELT

Author and editor information for the source from which a text is derived (e.g. the author of a book) is not included in the element but in the element discussed below (8.1.5 (The source description)). 8.1.2. The edition statement The standard TEI element is used to specify an edition for each file making up the corpus. For the corpus header this takes the following form:

First World Edition

Note the use of the n attribute to specify that the World Edition is the second major release of the corpus. The form of words used for each text in the current release of the corpus is as follows:

BNC World Edition: Header automatically generated by mkhdr 0.30 8.1.4. The publication statement 39

Note that here, as elsewhere, the element is used to structure the textual note within a header element. This element is defined as a renaming of the standard TEI

element, since the

element itself has been redefined with a more restrictive content model (see further section 9 (Compatibility issues).) 8.1.3. The extent statement The standard TEI element is used to specify the size of the whole corpus, in the corpus header, or of an individual text, in each text header as in the following example:

Approximately 88 Kbytes running text, containing about 5890 orthographically-defined words; for encoding details see <tagUsage> element.

The specified size does not include the size of the header itself. As the text specifies, the size in Kbytes is only approximate (and may vary on different operating systems). The number of words is calculated according to a simple algorithm which defines words as blank-delimited strings. It is not identical to the number of elements actually tagged in the text. For example, the sequence “she’s” would count as one word for the purposes of calculating the extent since it does not contain a blank, but it would be tagged as two distinct elements, whereas the sequence “in spite of” counts as three orthographic words, although this sequence is treated as a single element. Counts are provided for each element actually tagged in a text, as further discussed below (8.2.2 (The tagging declaration) 8.1.4. The publication statement The standard TEI element is used to specify publication and availability information for an electronic text. It contains three parts: name and address of distributor These are tagged using the standard and

elements respectively; for BNC World, in both corpus and text headers, the name and address given is as follows:

Oxford University Computing Services

13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN U.K. Telephone: +44 1865 273221 Facsimile: +44 1865 273275 Internet mail: [email protected]

identification numbers for the published text These are tagged using the standard element. For the corpus header only one such element is specified, as follows:

BNC-W

For individual text headers, two identification numbers are supplied, distin- guished by the value for the type attribute.

A0A CAMfct 40 8.1.5. The source description

The second identifier (of type old) is the old-style mnemonic or numeric code attached to BNC texts in early releases of the corpus, and used to label original printed source materials in the BNC Archive. The first three character code (of type bnc) is the standard BNC identifier. It is used both for the filename in which the text is stored and as the value supplied for the id attribute on the element containing the whole text. availability information For contractual reasons, the corpus header includes a brief rehearsal of the terms and conditions under which the BNC is made available; this is reproduced in section 11.2 (The BNC corpus header) below. A similar brief notice is also provided in the same place for each individual text, as in the following example:

Available worldwide THIS TEXT IS AVAILABLE THROUGHOUT THE WORLD only as part of the British National Corpus at nominal charge FOR ACADEMIC RESEARCH PURPOSES SUBJECT TO A SIGNED END USER LICENCE HAVING BEEN RECEIVED BY OXFORD UNIVERSITY COMPUTING SERVICES, from whom forms and supporting materials are available. THIS TEXT IS NOT AVAILABLE FOR COMMERCIAL RESEARCH AND EXPLOITATION unless terms have first been agreed with the BNC Consortium Exploitation Committee. Apply in the first instance to Oxford University Computing Services. It is your responsibility, as a user, to ensure that an End User Licence is in place. For your information, the Terms of the End User Licence are set out in the corpus header, which is likely to have a file name similar to "corphdr" or "CORPHDR". Distribution of any part of the corpus under the terms of the Licence must include a copy of the corpus header. Distribution of this corpus text under the terms of the Licence must include this header embodying this notice. Permissions grantor for World: CAMRA (imprint) of St Albans

Note the inclusion at the end of the notice of the name and address of the agency owning rights in the text concerned, which has granted permission for its inclusion in the corpus. If no such agency is named, permission for rights additional to those explicitly given by the licencing arrangements in place should be sought from the BNC Consortium in the first instance. Note that the BNC world edition includes only texts for which world rights have been cleared by the BNC Consortium. date of publication The BNC was first officially published on 24 November 1994. The present edition has 31st October 2000 as its official publication date.

8.1.5. The source description The standard TEI element is used to supply bibliographic details for the original source material from which an electronic text derives. In the case of a BNC text, this might be a book, pamphlet, newspaper etc., or a recording. One of the following two elements available within the will be used, as appropriate: describes a set of recordings used in transcription of a spoken text, either as a series of paragraphs or as a formally structured recording element (8.1.5.1 (The recording statement)). 8.1.5.1. The recording statement 41

contains a structured bibliographic citation, in which only bibli- ographic sub-elements appear and in a specified order. (8.1.5.2 (Structured bibliographic record)) These elements are not used within the corpus header, which simply contains a note about the sources from which the corpus was derived, tagged as a (paragraph). The headers of individual texts each contain one of the above elements to specify their source. Context-governed spoken texts derived from broadcast or similar ‘published’ material may have either a recording statement or a bibliographic record as their source. 8.1.5.1. The recording statement The recording statement () element contains one or more elements, defined as follows: details of a particular audio recording used as the source of a spoken text, either directly or from a public broadcast. Attributes include: date specifies the date of the recording dur specifies the duration of the recording, in seconds time specifies the time of day when the recording was made. type characterizes the recording in terms of the equipment used to make it. Legal values include: DAT recording made on Digital Audio tape Unknown recording equipment or quality unknown Walkman recording made on Walkman The standard TEI global attribute n is used (for this element only) to provide the number of the audio tape holding the original recording, as deposited with the National Sound Archive in London. The BNC version of this TEI element has two additional attributes (date and time) and it may contain only character data, rather than the more complex substructure permitted by the TEI equivalent. In the following simple example, typical of most of the ‘context-governed’ parts of the BNC, the element has no content at all:

When, as is often the case for the spoken demographic parts of the BNC, a text has been made up by transcribing several different recordings made by a single respondent over a period of time, each such recording will have its own element, as in the following example:

42 8.1.5.2. Structured bibliographic record

Note the presence of an id attribute on each of the above recordings. The value given here is used to indicate the recording from which a given part of the text was transcribed. Each recording is transcribed as a distinct

(division) element within an , with its identifier supplied as the value of a decls attribute. Thus, in the body of the text from which the above example was taken, there will be a
element starting as follows:

which will contain the part of text transcribed from that recording. As noted above the identifier supplied on the n attribute is quite distinct, and specifies the original tape on which the recording was made. 8.1.5.2. Structured bibliographic record The standard TEI element is used to record bibliographic information for each non-spoken component of the BNC. As defined in the TEI, this element has a complex structure designed to support a wide range of standard bibliographic practices. In the BNC, its structure is restricted as further described below. At the highest level, all BNC element will contain a element holding other elements that describe the item in question. In a few cases, this may be preceded by an element, as further described at the end of this section. At least one element must be present in a element. It may contain the following elements: the title or chief name of a work, including any alternative titles or subtitles; this must be given first. In several cases, a generated title or descriptive paraphrase is used, generally enclosed within square brackets. In the current version of the corpus, subtitles, alternative or series titles are not distinguished from the main title, other than by the use of conventional punctuation. <author> the name of an author (personal or corporate) of a work; names are gen- erally given in canonical form, with surnames preceding forenames. Unlike the TEI equivalent element of the same name, the BNC version has two additional attributes: domicile specifies the author’s domicile, as established for the purposes of the BNC “Britishness” test. born specifies the author’s year of birth, where available. <editor> the name of the editor (personal or corporate) for a work. <imprint> groups information relating to the publication or distribution of a biblio- graphic item. <biblScope> defines the scope of a bibliographic reference, for example as a list of page numbers, or a named subdivision of a larger work. Attributes include: type identifies the type of information conveyed by the element. In the present edition of the corpus the only value used is pp, i.e. page numbers.</p><p>A <title> element must be present and is always given first. None of the other components is mandatory, but if any of them are supplied, they must be in the following order, following the title:</p><p>• one or more statements of intellectual responsibility (i.e. <author> or <editor> elements) 8.1.5.2. Structured bibliographic record 43</p><p>• one or more <imprint> elements</p><p>The n attribute is used with both <author> and <imprint> elements to supply a six-letter code identifying the author or imprint concerned. The values used should be unique across the corpus, but this is not validated by the current release of the DTD. For published texts at least one <imprint> element is supplied, containing the following elements in the order given:</p><p><publisher> name of a publisher. <pubPlace> place of publication. <date> date of publication of the edition transcribed, usually given in normalized format. Note that this may not be the same as the date specified by the <creation> element. Attributes include: value specifies standard value for this date in ISO 8601 format</p><p>The following example demonstrates how these elements are used to record bibliographic details for a typical book:</p><p><biblStruct> <monogr> <title>It might have been Jerusalem. Healy, Thomas Polygon Books Edinburgh 1991 1-81

The following example is typical of the case where a collection of leaflets or newsletters has been treated as a single text:

[Potato Marketing Board leaflets] Potato Marketing Board London 1991

As noted above, a element may be preceded by an element. The element is used on a few occasions where the item encoded as a single text in the BNC is in fact only a part of a larger bibliographic item. In the following example, the source for the text is a single article which was published in a collection with a different title and author:

Damages on death Saunt, Thomas 44 8.2.1. Documentary components of the encoding description

Kemp, David Damages for personal injury and death (5th edition). Longman Group UK Ltd Harlow 1993 52-68

Where ‘series’ information is available for a given title, this is not normally tagged distinctly. Instead the series title is given as part of the monographic title, usually preceded by a colon. This level of bibliographic description has not been carried out with complete consistency across the current release of the corpus.

8.2. The encoding description The second major component of the TEI header is the encoding description (). This contains information about the relationship between an encoded text and its original source and describes the editorial and other principles employed throughout the corpus. It also contains reference information used throughout the corpus. The standard TEI element has the following six components: describes in detail the purpose for which an electronic file was encoded, together with any other relevant information concerning the process by which it was assembled or collected. contains a prose description of the rationale and methods used in sampling texts in the creation of the corpus. provides details of editorial principles and practices applied during the encoding of a text. provides detailed information about the tagging applied to a corpus text. specifies how canonical references are constructed for a text. contains a series of elements, defining the classification codes used for texts within the corpus.

In the BNC, one of each of these elements appears in the corpus header, with the exception of the element which is also given in the individual text headers. 8.2.1. Documentary components of the encoding description The element for the corpus gives a brief description of the goals, organization and results of the BNC project. It is reproduced in section 11.2 (The BNC corpus header) below. The element for the corpus reads as follows:

Different parts of the BNC were constructed using different sampling policies, as further described in the BNC Design Documentation. The policies are summarized below. Note that information about which policy resulted in the selection of a particular text is not available. Published: chosen selectively from candidate population 8.2.2. The tagging declaration 45

Published: chosen at random from candidate population Unpublished: chosen according to relevant design criteria Spoken: obtained from demographic sample of UK population Spoken: obtained in context determined by design criteria

The declaration contains an introductory paragraph (tagged with the standard TEI

— renamed as — element) followed by a list„ each item of which defines a different sampling strategy used in the corpus. The values given for the id attribute on each will be specified in the list of identifier values supplied as the value for the target attribute of the element prefixed to a particular text’s header. For example, the header of a spoken demographic text will include a element like the following:

where the dots indicate other declarations applicable to this text. An exactly equivalent method is used to indicate the various editorial practices applicable in different portion of the corpus. The list of practices is given in an element, reproduced in section 11.2 (The BNC corpus header) below, each item of which has an identifying code which is subsequently referenced via the decls attribute on the

or element to which that editorial practice applies. The following table summarizes the codes used in the present version of the corpus: CN000 Errors tagged with when seen; no normalization CN001 Errors tagged with if seen; normalisation with CN002 Normalized to standard British English or control list member CN004 Corrections and normalizations applied silently HN000 Smart elision of line-end hyphens; &rehy used for remainder HN001 Dumb elision of line-end hyphens; true hyphens hand-reinstated HN002 Line-end hyphens removed by hand where appropriate HN003 Source material contains no line-end hyphens QN000 Open and close quote normalized to &bquo, &equo QN001 Open and close quote normalized to &quo QN002 Quotation may be represented using SN000 Segmentation carried out by CLAWS5.

8.2.2. The tagging declaration The standard tagging declaration () element is used slightly differently in corpus and in text headers. In the corpus header, it is used to list every element name actually used within the corpus, together with a brief description of its function. In text headers, it is used to specify the number of elements actually tagged within each text. In either case it consists of a number of elements, defined as follows: supplies information about the usage of a specific element within a . Attributes include: gi the name (generic identifier) of the element indicated by the tag. occurs the number of occurrences of this element within the text. 46 8.2.3. The reference and classification declarations

In the corpus header, each element contains a brief description of the element specified by its element; the occurs attribute is not supplied, as in the following extract:

Written text division, level 4 Non-verbal event in spoken text Point where source material has omitted Header or headline in written text

. In text headers, the elements are empty, but the occurs attribute is always supplied, and indicates the number of such elements which appear within the text, as in the following example, taken from a typical written text:

8.2.3. The reference and classification declarations The element for the corpus header defines the approved format for references to the corpus. It takes the following form

Canonical references in the British National Corpus are to text segment (<s>) elements, and are constructed by taking the value of the n attribute of the <cdif> element containing the target text, and concatenating a dot separator, followed by the value of the n attribute of the target <s> element.

The standard TEI element is used in the BNC Corpus Header to formally define the text classication scheme applied to the corpus, and the particular codes within it. It consists of a set of elements, each representing a particular textual classification feature and a value for that feature. contains an individual descriptive category or feature-value pair. 8.3. The profile description 47

describes some category within a taxonomy or text typology, in the form of a brief prose description.

For example, the following elements appear within the BNC element in the header:

Domain for written corpus texts Imaginative Informative: natural & pure science Informative: applied science Informative: social science Informative: world affairs Informative: commerce & finance Informative: arts Informative: belief & thought Informative: leisure

The element contained by the outer element here (that with identifier wridom) is understood to apply also to each contained by each of its constituent (daughter) elements. That is, the full description for category wridom3 is “Domain for written corpus texts : informative: natural science”. The category descriptions applicable to a given text are specified by the element within its header, as described above. Its target lists the identifiers of all elements applicable to that text. Thus, the header of a written text assigned to the social science domain which has a corporate author will include a element like the following:

The dots above represent the identifiers of all other category codes applicable to this text. A full list of all category codes, and the numbers of texts so classified in the current release of the corpus is provided in section 10.8 (Text and genre classification codes). Information about the classification and categorization of an individual text is held within the element discussed below (8.3.5 (Text classification))

8.3. The profile description The third component of the TEI header is the profile description () element, which has the following components: contains information about the creation of a text. 48 8.3.3. The participant description

describes the , sublanguages, registers, dialects etc. repre- sented within a text. describes the identifiable participants in a linguistic interaction to- gether with their relationships, where known. describes the setting or settings within which a language interaction takes place. groups information which describes the nature or topic of a text in terms of a standard classification scheme, thesaurus, etc.

These elements are all used in the BNC, as further described in the following sections. 8.3.1. The creation element This element is provided to record the date of first publication of individual published texts, and any details concerning the origination of any spoken or written texts, whether or not covered elsewhere. It is supplied in every text header, although the details provided vary. As a minimum, a date (tagged with the standard element) will be included; this gives the date the content of this text was first created. For a spoken text, this will be the same as the date of the recording; for a written text, it will normally be the date of first publication. Here are two typical examples:

1992-02-11:

1971: originally published by Jonathan Cape.

For imaginative works, the creation date is also the date used to classify the text (by means of the writim category). For other written works, such as textbooks, which are likely to have been extensively revised since their first publication, the date used to classify the text will be that of the edition described in the , but the original date will also be recorded within the element. 8.3.2. The element Unlike the other elements of the profile description, the language usage element occurs only in the corpus header. It contains the following text: The language of the British National Corpus is modern British English. Words, fragments, and passages from many other languages, both ancient and modern, occur within the corpus where these may be represented using a Latin alphabet. Long passages in these languages, and material in other languages, are generally silently deleted. In no case is the lang attribute used to indicate the language of a word, phrase or passage, nor are alternate writing system definitions used.

8.3.3. The participant description The participant description () element is used to provide information about speakers of texts transcribed for the BNC. In its basic structure it is close to the element defined by the TEI but it has been modified to include some more specific elements provided for the BNC. It appears both within the corpus header, to define the generic “unknown participant”, and also within individual spoken text headers to define the participants specific to those texts. 8.3.3.1. The person element 49

It contains a series of elements describing the participants whose speech is transcribed in this text, followed by an optional element describing any relationships or links amongst them. 8.3.3.1. The person element Each element describes a single participant in a language interaction and may take one or more of the following attributes: id (mandatory) supplies a unique code used to identify this speaker and their utterances in the transcription. role specifies the role of this participant with respect to the respondent, as specified by the respondent. sex specifies the sex of the participant. Possible values are: m male f female u unknown or inapplicable age specifies the age group to which the participant belongs. Possible values are: 0 Under 15 years 1 15 to 24 years 2 25 to 34 years 3 35 to 44 years 4 45 to 59 years 5 Over 59 years X Unknown flang specifies the first language or mother tongue of the participant. Possible values are listed in section 10.6 (Regional codes). dialect specifies any dialect spoken by the participant, as specified by the respondent. Possible values are listed in section 10.6 (Regional codes). soc specifies the social class of the participant. Legal values are: AB AB (top or middle management, administrative or professional) C1 C1 (junior management, supervisory or clerical) C2 C2 (skilled manual) DE DE (semi-skilled or unskilled) UU Class unknown educ specifies the age at which the participant ceased full-time education. Possible values are: 0 Still in education 1 Left school aged 14 or under 2 Left school aged 15 or 16 3 Left school aged 17 or 18 4 Education continued until age 19 or over X Information not available resp (for spoken demographic participants only) specifies the identifier of the respon- dent in whose data this participant’s interactions are recorded.

The global id attribute is required for each participant whose speech is included in a text, and its value is unique within the corpus. Although a given individual will always have the same identifier within a single text, there is no way of identifying the same individual appearing 50 8.3.3.2. The particLinks element

in different texts. For this reason, all demographically sampled conversations collected by a single respondent are treated together as a single text. The value for the flang attribute consists of a two-letter language code taken from ISO 639 (normally EN for English), optionally suffixed by a three-letter country code taken from ISO 3166. Thus “EN-GBR” is English as spoken in the United Kingdom; “EN-CAN” is English as spoken in Canada, and “FR-FRA” is French as spoken in France. The value for the dialect attribute is also a three-letter code taken from a local extension to ISO 3166. A full list of codes used and their meanings is given in section 10.6 (Regional codes). Where available, any additional information about a participant will be provided as text within the element, enclosed within a element. In the BNC DTD, the following extra elements are also provided for this purpose:

age specified more exactly than by the age attribute, which groups respondents into age bands. name a proper name used for the person. occupation characterization of the person’s occupation. dialect characterization of the person’s dialect.

In each case, the information provided is that given by the respondent and is taken from the log books issued to all participants in the demographic part of the corpus. It has not been normalized. Here is a typical example from the demographic part of the corpus:

Terry 14 student London

Here is a typical example from the context-defined part of the corpus:

Frank Harasikwa politician Euro candidate presenting self for selection

8.3.3.2. The particLinks element Relationships between participants, where specified, are represented using the standard TEI element which has the following description and attributes: describes any kind of relationship or linkage amongst a specified group of participants. Attributes include: active identifies the “active” participants in a directed relationship, or all the participants in a mutual one. desc supplies a name for the relationship, seen from the point of view of the active participant in a directed relationship. mutual indicates whether the relationship holds equally amongst all participants. Legal values are: Y the relationship is mutual 8.3.4. The setting description 51

N the relationship is directed passive identifies the “passive” participants in a directed relationship. A list of the different types of relationship identified amongst participants is given in section 10.7 (Relationship codes). Following the TEI Guidelines, we distinguish between mutual relationships, in which all participants are on an equal footing, and directed relationships, in which the roles of the par- ticipants are typically described differently. The roles applicable to a directed relationship are arbitrarily classed here as either active or passive. For example, the relationships “colleague” or “spouse” would be classed as mutual, while “employee” or “wife” would be classed as directed. A relationship such as “sister” may or may not be directed, depending on whether it obtains between two women or between a man and a women. For a mutual relationship, only the active attribute will be supplied; for a directed one, both active and passive attributes will be supplied. In either case, these attributes take as value a list of the identifiers of the elements understood to be involved in the relationship concerned. In the current edition of the corpus, relation information is provided in this form only for the context-governed participants. The relationships between participants in the demographically- sampled part of the corpus are indicated by the role attribute as discussed above. 8.3.4. The setting description The TEI element is used to document the context within which a spoken text takes place. It appears once in the header of each spoken text, and contains one or more elements for each distinct recording. describes one particular setting in which a language interaction takes place. The following attributes are used in the BNC: who supplies the identifiers of the participants at this setting. id supplies a unique identifier for this setting. n supplies the identifier used for the element corre- sponding with this setting. The content of each element supplies additional details about the place, time of day, and other activities going on, using the following additional elements: contains a place name, usually prefixed by the name of the English county in which it is located. contains a brief informal description of the nature of a place, for example a room, a restaurant, a park bench etc. contains a brief informal description of what a participant in a language interaction is doing other than speaking, if anything. Bears an additional attribute: spont indicates the degree of spontaneity associated with the activity as either H (high) M (medium) or L (low) Some typical examples follow:

Essex: Harlow Harlow College A’level lecture 52 8.3.5. Text classification

Lancashire: Morecambe at home watching television

8.3.5. Text classification The TEI provides a number of ways in which classification or text-type information may be specified for a text, grouped together within a element, which appears once in the header of each text. Classifications may be represented using references to internally defined classications provided in the element (such as the BNC classification scheme described in section 8.2.3 (The reference and classification declarations)), by reference to some other predefined classification system, or by an open set of keywords. All three methods are used in the BNC, using the following elements: specifies one or more defined categories within some taxonomy or text typology. Attributes include: target identifies all the categories concerned. contains the code used for this text in an externally-defined classifica- tion system: in this release of the BNC, the genre codes defined by David Lee are used. contains a list of keywords or phrases identifying the topic or nature of a text, each of which is tagged as a element. A element is provided in the header of each text. Its target attribute contains values for each of the classification codes listed in the following table and defined in the corpus header. In each case, the classification code consists of an alphabetic prefix (e.g. alltim) identifying the category (e.g. "date"), followed by a single digit indicating a value for that category. Thus the code alltim1 indicates “dated 1960-1974”. The value 0 is always used to indicate missing or unknown values. A list of the values used is given in section 10.8 (Text and genre classification codes) below. This taxonomy is that originally defined for selection and description of texts during the design of the corpus, as further discussed elsewhere. It is of course possible to classify the texts in many other ways, and no claim is made that this method is universally applicable or even generally useful, though it does serve to identify broadly distinct sub-parts of the corpus for investigation. The reader is also cautioned that, although an attempt has been made in the current edition of the corpus to correct the more egregious classification errors noted in the first edition, unquestionably many errors and inconsistencies remain. In particular, the categories wrilev (perceived level of difficulty) and wrista (estimated circulation size) were incorrectly differentiated during the preparation of the corpus and cannot be relied on. A element is also provided for every text in the corpus. It contains the code assigned to this text in David Lee’s genre-based analysis carried out at Lancaster University since publication of the first edition of the BNC. In the first release of the BNC, most texts were assigned a set of descriptive keywords, tagged within the element. These terms were not taken from any particular descriptive thesaurus or closed vocabulary; the words or phrases used are those which seemed useful to the data preparation agency concerned, and are thus often inconsistent or even misleading. They have been retained unchanged in the present version of the BNC, pending a more thorough revision. In this edition of the BNC, a second set of keywords has been supplied for the majority of written texts. These keywords are also tagged using a element, but with 9. Compatibility issues 53

a value for the source attribute of COPAC, indicating that the terms so tagged are derived from a different source. The source used is a major online library catalogue service (see http://www.copac.ac.uk), from which we have taken the subject keywords provided for each title identifiable as forming part of the BNC. Like other public access catalogue systems, COPAC uses a well-defined controlled list of keywords for its subject indexing, details of which are not further given here. Here is an example showing how one text (BND) is classified in each of these three ways:

W_religion Marriage - Religious aspects - Christianity Marriage - Christian viewpoints Christian guide to marriage

8.4. The revision description The revision description () element is the fourth and final element in the standard TEI header. In the BNC, it consists of a series of elements, each containing a , a , and a element. A new element was added at the start of the list for each major change made in the text or header during preparation of the current edition of the corpus. Here is the start of a typical example:

2000-09-01 edOUCS Check all tagcounts 2000-06-23 edOUCS Resequenced s-units and added headers 2000-01-29 edOUCS Revised participant details 10-jan-1994 made headerDD

When any significant change is made to any component of the corpus, the following steps are taken: • a element is added to the of the text affected • the update attribute of the text header is changed to the date of the change • the value of the status attribute of the text header is set to “update”

9. Compatibility issues The first version of the BNC was released slightly in advance of the publication of the TEI’s definitive Recommendations, and over a year before publication of the Corpus Encoding Standard. Although all three standards have much in common (in particular, CDIF - Corpus 54 9.1. Differences between the BNC DTD and TEI

Document Interchange Format - the BNC’s own initial DTD, was influential in the design of the other two), they are not identical. Several elements are named differently, and some, more significantly, have different content models or attributes. In the present release of the Corpus, considerable effort has been made to improve compat- ibility of the BNC DTD with TEI and with CES, while retaining as far as possible a degree of compatibility with CDIF. The objective was to ensure that a document which conformed to the BNC’s DTD would also conform to either of the other two standards, rather than to ensure that any CES or TEI conformant document would also be BNC conformant. This necessarily involved some modification of the original tagging of the corpus, which is detailed in this section. 9.1. Differences between the BNC DTD and TEI The present version of the BNC document type declaration (DTD) can be expressed as a set of extensions against the standard TEI dtd, using the extension mechanism recommended by that standard. Full details of the procedure are given in chapter 3 of the TEI Guidelines. Essentially, the procedure requires the definition of two ‘extension’ files, called here bncMods.ent and bncMods.dtd, the former containing definitions of parameter entities needed for this set of extensions, and the latter containing the actual SGML element and attribute definitions which make up the required modifications. Copies of these files are included in the present release, along with the DTD derived from them. The present section describes their content informally. The DTD described elsewhere in this document makes use of several elements already defined in other TEI tagsets, in particular the base tag sets for prose and for spoken texts, and the additional tagsets for language corpora and analysis. To combine all of these with the extension files mentioned above, a TEI conformant document will begin as follows:

] ]>

This file can be compiled to form a one file version of the DTD, in which all parameter references have been resolved, and any redundant declarations removed, using software such as the TEI PizzaChef. The file bncMods.ent consists of a number of SGML parameter entity definitions, which over-ride the definitions provided in the TEI DTD itself. These declarations have the following effects: • to exclude from the DTD a large number of standard TEI elements which are not actually used in the BNC DTD; • to provide alternative names for some standard TEI elements; • to exclude from the TEI DTD some elements which are redefined, either with a stricter content model, or with differing attribute lists, in the BNC DTD; • to specify the location within the TEI class system of some elements not defined in the TEI DTD. Taking these in turn, some 114 standard TEI elements are excluded from the DTD by means of parameter entity declarations like the following: 9.1. Differences between the BNC DTD and TEI 55

The following is a complete list of standard TEI elements excluded in this way: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

The next part of the bncExtns.ent file contains IGNORE declarations like those above, which have the effect of removing the existing definitions for 22 TEI elements which are to be redefined. The redefinitions are provided in the second of the two BNC extension files, bncExtn.dtd, along with definitions for some new elements not otherwise available. Their effects are summarized in the following table. Table 19. Summary of differences between TEI and BNC TEI Element Difference in BNC dtd Changed content model to allow either text or stext; renamed as bncDoc Simplified content model; added attribute New element New element Simplified content model; added attributes Simplified content model redefined to use endtag and shortref minimization New element Changed content model New element 56 9.2. Differences between the BNC DTD and CDIF

Changed content model, specific to speech Simplified content model Simplified content model Simplified content model Simplified content model Changed to disallow mixed content New element

New simplified element (TEI p is renamed para) Simplified content model; added attributes New element Changed content model to disallow mixed content Simplified content model; added attributes Simplified content model Mandatory attribute made optional Changed content model New element Simplified content model New element Simplified content model; added attributes redefined to use endtag and shortref minimization

Finally, as mentioned above, there are six elements defined in the BNC DTD which do not appear in the TEI DTD. These must be added to the appropriate element class in the TEI content model. The following declarations in the bncMods.ent file have that effect:

Detailed discussion of the extension mechanism and general conformance issues relating to the use of the TEI is given in chapters 28 and 29 of the TEI Guidelines and is not further discussed here. For an explanation of the mechanisms used above, the detailed presentation of the general organization of the TEI DTD provided in chapter 3 of the Guidelines may also be helpful. 9.2. Differences between the BNC DTD and CDIF This section lists significant differences between the current BNC DTD and CDIF 1.0. It lists elements whose names have been changed, elements whose attributes have changed, and elements whose content has been changed in such a way that CDIF-conformant files will not parse against the new DTD. The following CDIF elements have been given different names: • is now is now is now is now is now is now an within is now 9.2. Differences between the BNC DTD and CDIF 57

is now is now

is now is now an within is now is now is now is now is now an within is now is now is now is now is now is now an within is now is now is now is now

The following elements have significantly different attributes

has acquired the attribute spont, formerly present on its parent , , and have all acquired attributes resp (rather than ed) • and no longer have a cause attribute • has acquired the attribute reason (in place of cause) • the complete attribute has been removed from and has a different set of values for its type attribute

The content models for elements in the BNC DTD are generally less restrictive than those of CDIF. In the following list, we specify only those elements where an element conforming to the CDIF model would not also conform to the BNC model. Table 20. CDIF elements whose content model has changed element CDIF model BNC model

#PCDATA (addrLine+ | (name | postBox | postCode | street)*) #PCDATA (para)* (date, respStmt+) (date, respStmt+,para) (category+) (taxonomy+) (corr | quot | hyph | segm | trans)+ (para+) #PCDATA ((edition, respStmt*) | para+) (projDesc, (sampDecl|editDecl)*, projectDesc*, samplingDecl*, refsDecl+, tagsDecl?, clasDecl?) editorialDecl*, tagsDecl?, refsDecl*, classDecl*, para*) (pubPlace | name | date)+ (pubPlace | publisher | date | biblScope)* #PCDATA (para | language)+ 58 10. Miscellaneous code tables

(head*, (label?, item)+) (head?, (item* | (label, item)*)) title+, (author | respStmt)*, ((((author | editor | respStmt)+, (edition, respStmt?)*, imprint*, title+, (editor | respStmt)*) | (title+, (bibNote | idno | biblScop)* (author | editor | respStmt)*))?, (note | meeting)*, (edition, (editor | respStmt)*)*, imprint, (imprint | extent | biblScope)*) (person+, relation* ) (para+ | (person+, particLinks?)) #PCDATA (para)+ #PCDATA (para)+ #PCDATA (para)+ (locName?, locale?, activity?) (para+ | (name | date | locale | activity)*) (spkr*, (p | sp | bibl | caption | list | (spkr?, (p | l | lg | poem | stage | note | poem | quote)* ) +(stage) note | caption)+) ( (p|sp|bibl | caption | list | note | (body) +(gap | lb | milestone | pb | poem | quote)*, (div1)*) +(gap | lb | ptr) loc | pb | ptr)

10. Miscellaneous code tables This section consists of a series of tables identifying a number of codes used in various aspects of the corpus and its encoding. The following code tables are provided: • 10.1 (Elements defined by the BNC DTD) lists all SGML elements used in the corpus, with a brief description of each • 10.2 (Character entities defined by the BNC DTD) lists all SGML entities used in the corpus, with a brief description of each • 10.3 (Division types) lists all values actually used in the corpus for the type attribute on division elements (, etc.) • 10.4 (Rendition codes) lists all values used in the corpus for the r (rendition) attribute, chiefly on elements, to indicate typographic rendering of the source • 10.5 (Voice quality codes) lists all values used in the corpus for the new attribute on the element, to indicate changes in voice quality for spoken texts • 10.6 (Regional codes) lists the codes used to identify regional origins of partici- pants, as specified in the element in the header • 10.7 (Relationship codes) lists the codes used to identify relationships documented between participants, as specified in the element in the header • 10.9 (Word class codes) lists all part of speech codes in the C5 tagset, used to specify the linguistic category for all and elements In addition, a list of ‘non-orthographic words’ recognized by the CLAWS system (i.e. multiword items and clitics) which was included in this section in the first edition of this document is now available in the accompanying Manual to accompany The British National Corpus (Version 2) with Improved Word-class Tagging by Geoffrey Leech and Nicholas Smith. The list of text classification codes present in the first edition of this document is now included only as part of the presentation of the corpus header in section 11.2 (The BNC corpus header). 10.1. Elements defined by the BNC DTD 59

10.1. Elements defined by the BNC DTD The following list gives a brief description of each element defined in the BNC document type definition (DTD). Elements are listed in alphabetical order. Descriptions prefixed by “(H)” are for elements which appear only in the text headers. Counts are given for elements occurring within texts. (H) participants’ activity during recording

(H) postal or other address alignment map for synchronizing overlap points (3461) (H) analytic bibliographic entry (H) author in bibliographic entry (H) availability code for file loosely structured bibliographic reference (1037) (H) page range within bibliographic entry (H) structured bibliographic entry the BNC itself an individual text in the BNC the body of a written text in the BNC (3136) a punctuation mark (13620069) a floating heading or caption (89935) (H) description of a category (H) a category-value pair (H) category codes applicable to a text (H) change note (H) description of classification scheme editorial correction (8323) (H) information about creation of a text (H) a date (H) externally-defined classification code for a text
any subdivision of a spoken text (3779) first-level subdivision of a written text (84777) second-level subdivision of a written text (72697) third-level subdivision of a written text (38122) fourth-level subdivision of a written text (12506) (H) descriptions of editorial policies (H) edition in a bibliographic entry (H) information about a particular edition (H) encoding description non-verbal event within a spoken text (6565) (H) size of a corpus text (H) documentation of an electronic text a spot where part of source text has been omitted (95959) any form of heading or title (222876) typographically highlighted phrase (210927) (H) identifying number for a text (H) imprint within a bibliographic entry item within a list (117207) (H) descriptive keywords for topics of a text line of verse (51559) 60 10.1. Elements defined by the BNC DTD

paragraph in written text (1515002) (H) description of spoken text participants noticeable pause in spoken text (217916) page break in written text (153642) (H) information about a speaker group of verse lines in a written text (3048) (H) additional information about a text (H) background information about BNC project link to a displaced element or to synchronisation point (578248) (H) publication or distribution information (H) place of publication within bibliographic entry quotation from some other work (15221) (H) information about a single recording (H) information about the recordings from which a transcript was made (H) description of reference system used an editorial regularization (8363) (H) relationship between participants in a spoken text (H) nature of responsibility (H) statement of responsibility in a bibliographic entry (H) revision description sentence-like linguistic segment (6053093) salutation or greeting (444) (H) description of sampling policy (H) description of the settings in which speech occurs (H) an individual setting in which speech occurs change in voice quality (36216) apparently erroneous transcription (7797) speech in a written text (29858) speaker of a speech in a written text (23708) (H) description of the source for a text stage direction in a written text (508) an individual spoken text (918) (H) list of tags used in a particular text (H) count for a particular tag in a text meta-information describing a corpus text (H) individual term in a list of keywords an individual written text (3136) 10.2. Character entities defined by the BNC DTD 61

(H) title within a bibliographic entry <titleStmt> (H) title statement for a text <trans> (H) declaration of transcription policy <trunc> truncated form in a spoken text (52724) <textClass> (H) text classification <u> utterance in a spoken text (775799) <unclear> inaudible or incomprehensible passage in a spoken text (204239) <vocal> non-verbal vocalization in a spoken text (44286) <w> POS-tagged lexical item (97619934)</p><p>10.2. Character entities defined by the BNC DTD The following list gives a brief description of each character entity used within the text of the BNC. Declarations for these entities may be found either in standard entity sets or from the entity definitions supplied as part of the BNC document type definition, in the file BNCents.dtd. In either case, system specific values should be supplied for the characters described below. The number in parentheses indicates the number of times this entity reference appears in the current version of the corpus. Table 21. Character entities used in the BNC entity description count Aacute capital A, acute accent 51 aacute small a, acute accent 2145 abreve small A, breve 4 Acirc capital A, circumflex accent 8 acirc small a, circumflex accent 772 acute acute accent 3 AElig capital AE diphthong (ligature) 324 aelig small ae diphthong (ligature) 232 agr small alpha, Greek 1237 Agrave capital A, grave accent 43 agrave small a, grave accent 878 Amacr capital A, macron 20 amacr small a, macron 581 amp ampersand 18931 aogon small a, ogonek 2 ape approximate, equals 5 Aring capital A, ring 141 aring small a, ring 65 ast asterisk 919 atilde small a, tilde 244 Auml capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark 6 auml small a, dieresis or umlaut mark 967 Bgr capital Beta, Greek 186 bgr small beta, Greek 1122 bquo normalized begin quote mark 771009 bsol reverse solidus 226 bull round bullet, filled 2150 cacute small c, acute accent 186 62 10.2. Character entities defined by the BNC DTD</p><p>Ccaron capital C, caron 31 ccaron small c, caron 143 Ccedil capital C, cedilla 17 ccedil small c, cedilla 1320 ccirc small c, circumflex accent 2 cent cent sign 3 check tick, check mark 13 cir circle, open 21 circ circumflex accent 100 commat commercial at 189 copy copyright sign 65 darr downward arrow 17 dash hyphen (true graphic) 1 dcaron small d, caron 1 deg degree sign 4067 Dgr capital Delta, Greek 251 dgr small delta, Greek 151 die dieresis 13 divide divide sign 58 dollar dollar sign 24552 dstrok small d, stroke 18 dtrif dn tri, filled 2 Eacute capital E, acute accent 269 eacute small e, acute accent 16078 Ecaron capital E, caron 2 ecaron small e, caron 67 Ecirc capital E, circumflex accent 2 ecirc small e, circumflex accent 718 eegr small eta, Greek 48 Egr capital Epsilon, Greek 170 egr small epsilon, Greek 207 Egrave capital E, grave accent 14 egrave small e, grave accent 2577 emacr small e, macron 4 eogon small e, ogonek 6 equals equals sign 3 equo normalized end quote mark 752621 eth small eth, Icelandic 4 Euml capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark 15 euml small e, dieresis or umlaut mark 482 flat musical flat 154 formula mathematical formula 6466 frac12 fraction one-half 2795 frac13 fraction one-third 68 frac14 fraction one-quarter 575 frac15 fraction one-fifth 20 frac16 fraction one-sixth 6 frac17 fraction one-seventh 2 10.2. Character entities defined by the BNC DTD 63</p><p> frac18 fraction one-eighth 60 frac19 fraction one-ninth 1 frac23 fraction two-thirds 50 frac25 fraction two-fifths 9 frac34 fraction three-quarters 325 frac35 fraction three-fifths 5 frac38 fraction three-eighths 52 frac45 fraction four-fifths 5 frac47 fraction four-sevenths 1 frac56 fraction five-sixths 1 frac58 fraction five-eighths 33 frac78 fraction seven-eighths 7 ft feet indicator 630 ge greater-than-or-equal 18 Ggr capital Gamma, Greek 33 ggr small gamma, Greek 499 grave grave accent 2 Gt dbl greater-than sign 8 gt greater-than sign 1102 half fraction one-half 74 hearts heart suit symbol 1 hellip ellipsis (horizontal) 77286 horbar horizontal bar 2 hstrok small h, stroke 2 Iacute capital I, acute accent 3 iacute small i, acute accent 1278 Icirc capital I, circumflex accent 21 icirc small i, circumflex accent 225 iexcl inverted exclamation mark 21 igr small iota, Greek 2 igrave small i, grave accent 39 imacr small i, macron 10 infin infinity 15 ins inches indicator 2306 iquest inverted question mark 11 Iuml capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark 1 iuml small i, dieresis or umlaut mark 507 kgr small kappa, Greek 29 khgr small chi, Greek 300 Lacute capital L, acute accent 2 lacute small l, acute accent 2 larr leftward arrow 1 lcub left curly bracket 345 le less-than-or-equal 23 lgr small lambda, Greek 104 lowbar low line 134 lsqb left square bracket 34752 Lstrok capital L, stroke 3 64 10.2. Character entities defined by the BNC DTD</p><p> lstrok small l, stroke 25 Lt double less-than sign 3 lt less-than sign 2295 mdash em dash 275695 Mgr capital Mu, Greek 1 mgr small mu, Greek 376 micro micro sign 1487 middot middle dot 253 nacute small n, acute accent 21 natur music natural 6 ncaron small n, caron 27 ncedil small n, cedilla 2 ndash en dash 43489 ngr small nu, Greek 88 Ntilde capital N, tilde 4 ntilde small n, tilde 771 num number sign 138 Oacute capital O, acute accent 17 oacute small o, acute accent 1328 Ocirc capital O, circumflex accent 7 ocirc small o, circumflex accent 754 OElig capital OE ligature 2 oelig small oe ligature 55 Ogr capital Omicron, Greek 11 ogr small omicron, Greek 52 ograve small o, grave accent 73 OHgr capital Omega, Greek 1 ohgr small omega, Greek 23 ohm ohm sign 15 omacr small o, macron 4 Oslash capital O, slash 16 oslash small o, slash 304 Otilde capital O, tilde 1 otilde small o, tilde 4 Ouml capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark 344 ouml small o, dieresis or umlaut mark 1284 percnt percent sign 144 Pgr capital Pi, Greek 37 pgr small pi, Greek 95 PHgr capital Phi, Greek 9 phgr small phi, Greek 107 plus plus sign 198 plusmn plus-or-minus sign 122 pound pound sign 71698 Prime double prime or second 59 prime prime or minute 128 PSgr capital Psi, Greek 15 psgr small psi, Greek 16 10.2. Character entities defined by the BNC DTD 65</p><p> quot quotation mark 142126 racute small r, acute accent 3 radic surd =radical (square root) 9 rarr rightward arrow 182 Rcaron capital R, caron 1 rcaron small r, caron 103 rcub right curly bracket 343 reg registered sign 11 rehy maps to soft hyphen 3905 rgr small rho, Greek 81 rsqb right square bracket 34807 Sacute capital S, acute accent 13 sacute small s, acute accent 24 Scaron capital S, caron 85 scaron small s, caron 257 Scedil capital S, cedilla 7 scedil small s, cedilla 465 scirc small s, circumflex accent 14 sect section sign 52 Sgr capital Sigma, Greek 13 sgr small sigma, Greek 150 sharp musical sharp 93 shilling British shilling 228 sim similar 68 sol solidus 355 sup1 superscript one 2 sup2 superscript two 45 sup3 superscript three 10 szlig small sharp s, German (sz ligature) 19 tcaron small t, caron 1 tcedil small t, cedilla 26 tgr small tau, Greek 68 THgr capital Theta, Greek 13 thgr small theta, Greek 193 THORN capital THORN, Icelandic 15 thorn small thorn, Icelandic 13 times multiply sign 2300 trade trade mark sign 12 Uacute capital U, acute accent 7 uacute small u, acute accent 326 Ucirc capital U, circumflex accent 1 ucirc small u, circumflex accent 107 Ugr capital Upsilon, Greek 1 ugr small upsilon, Greek 3 ugrave small u, grave accent 38 umacr small u, macron 3 uml umlaut mark 3 uring small u, ring 9 66 10.4. Rendition codes</p><p>Uuml capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark 25 uuml small u, dieresis or umlaut mark 2246 verbar vertical bar 269 wcirc small w, circumflex accent 2 xgr small xi, Greek 8 yacute small y, acute accent 138 Ycirc capital Y, circumflex accent 1 ycirc small y, circumflex accent 6 yen yen sign 120 Yuml capital Y, dieresis or umlaut mark 2 yuml small y, dieresis or umlaut mark 47 zacute small z, acute accent 3 Zcaron capital Z, caron 9 zcaron small z, caron 67 zdot small z, dot above 1 Zgr capital Zeta, Greek 3 zgr small zeta, Greek 33</p><p>10.3. Division types The type attribute on each <div1>, <div2> (etc) element of a written text may be used to supply a value which characterizes the function of the corresponding subdivision in some way. The following table lists the values used and their frequencies in the current version of the Corpus: Table 22. Division types advertisement (6) appendix (1) article (2) blurb (1) body text (3) brochure (1) cartoon (2) chapter (1018) column (162) commentary (1) competition (1) compo (11) contents (2) element (1) fact sheet (1) front (115) headlines (2) insert (2) introduction (1) item (12) leaflet (7) magazine (1) paper (11) paragraph (1) part (85) poster (1) recipe (61) section (59) short story (8) sidebar (4) story (178) strip cartoon (1) sub (2) subsection (109) title page (1) title page obverse (1) toc (1) u (209985)</p><p>10.4. Rendition codes The following codes are used to indicate the kind of typographic rendition associated with an element which is typographically distinct in some way. These codes are mostly used as values for the rend attribute of the <hi> element, but may be used on any element bearing this attribute. 10.5. Voice quality codes 67</p><p> bo bold face qr right aligned bx boxed qc centred it italic font qt quoted ro roman font sc small caps hi superscript st struck out lo subscript ul underlined</p><p>More than one value from the above list may occasionally be specified for a single element. In this case, the values are separated by spaces.</p><p>10.5. Voice quality codes Changes in voice quality in spoken texts are indicated by values for the <new> attribute on a <shift> element, at the point where the speaker’s voice change. The following list summarises the values used in the present version of the corpus:</p><p>• cheering • mimicking crying • crying • mimicking deep voice • eating • mimicking Donald Duck • giggling • mimicking finance lady • humming • mimicking Geordie accent • humming the stripper’s song • mimicking German accent • imitates woman’s voice • mimicking girlie voice • imitating a monkey • mimicking Henry Cooper • imitating a sexy woman’s • mimicking Jamaican accent voice • mimicking Manchester ac- • imitating <a href="/tags/Chinese_Voice/" rel="tag">Chinese voice</a> cent • imitating drunken voice • mimicking mentally handi- • imitating Italian accent capped • imitating man’s voice • mimicking northern accent • imitating posh voice • mimicking Pakistani accent • imitating woman’s voice • mimicking refined accent • in a boyish voice • mimicking Scottish accent • in the distance • mimicking stupid man’s • laughing voice • laughing+reading • mimicking Swedish accent • laughing+shouting • mimicking telephone voice • mimicking • mimicking the German ac- • mimicking American accent cent • mimicking American accent • mimicking whining from Wayne’s World • mimicking witch • mimicking an upper class • mimicking Yorkshire accent person • mimicking+screaming • mimicking baby voice • moaning • mimicking Birmingham ac- • mumbling cent • muttering • mimicking Chinese speaking • on telephone • mimicking Cilla Black’s ac- • praying cent • quoting 68 10.6. Regional codes</p><p>• raising voice • singing+whispering • rapping • singing+yawning • reading • speaking as if mentally hand- • reading+laughing icapped • reading+shouting • speaking dramatically • reading+whispering • speaking with mouth full • screaming • spelling • shouting • talking with mouth full • shouting+laughing • whingeing • shouting+spelling • whining • sighing • whispering • singing • whispering+laughing • singing+laughing • yawning • singing+mimicking • yawning+reading • singing+shouting</p><p>10.6. Regional codes The codes used to mark places of origin, regions, and dialects in the TEI Header are all derived from the same set of ISO 3-letter codes. The codes used are listed here:</p><p>CAN Canada XMI accent: Midlands CHN <a href="/tags/China/" rel="tag">China</a> XMS accent: south Midlands DEU Germany XMW accent: north-west FRA France Midlands GBR United Kingdom XNC accent: central northern IND India England IRL Ireland XNE accent: north-east Eng- USA United States land XXX Unknown XNO accent: northern Eng- ZZG Europe land XDE accent: German XOT accent: other or uniden- XEA accent: East Anglia tifiable XFR accent: French XSD accent: Scottish XHC accent: Home Counties XSL accent: lower south-west XHM accent: Humberside England XIR accent: Irish XSS accent: central south- XIS accent: Indian subconti- west England nent XSU accent: upper south-west XLC accent: Lancashire England XLO accent: London XUR accent: European XMC accent: central Mid- XUS accent: U.S.A. lands XWA accent: Welsh XMD accent: Merseyside XWE accent: West Indian XME accent: north-east Mid- lands 10.8. Text and genre classification codes 69</p><p>10.7. Relationship codes Where relationships between individual participants in spoken texts can be identified, they will be specified by means of the <relation> element within the text header (as discussed in section 8.3.3 (The participant description)). The type attribute of this element may take any of the values listed below. The number in parentheses indicates the number of times this value appears in the current version of the corpus.</p><p> acquaint acquaintance (6) gg-moth great-grandmother audience (4) (1) aunt (8) hairdres hairdresser (1) aunt-i-l aunt-in-law (1) host (1) b-friend boyfriend (5) housekee housekeeper (1) b-i-l brother-in-law (13) husband (103) b-sitter baby sitter (2) intervee interviewee (42) brother (53) lecturer (4) chairman (8) m-i-l mother-in-law (21) child (2) mother (117) church-m church member (1) neighbou neighbour (13) cl-m-i-l common law mother- neph-i-l nephew-in-law (1) in-law (1) nephew (7) client (1) niece (9) colleagu colleague (123) parent (5) cous-i-l cousin-in-law (1) patient (76) cousin (7) s-daught step-daughter (1) customer (3) s-father step-father (1) d-i-l daughter-in-law (11) secretar secretary (3) daughter (84) server (2) doctor (77) sib-i-l sibling-in-law (1) employee (4) sibling (1) employer (9) sis-i-l sister-in-law (12) f-i-l father-in-law (16) sister (48) father (73) son (71) fiance (1) son-i-l son-in-law (18) fiancee (2) speaker (9) friend (123) stranger (13) g-aunt great-aunt (1) student (31) g-daught granddaughter (15) teacher (26) g-fath grand-father (11) trainee (1) g-friend girlfriend (5) trainer (2) g-moth grandmother (21) tutor (4) g-niece great-niece (1) uncle (6) g-son grandson (17) visitor (2) gg-daugh great-granddaughter wife (104) (1)</p><p>10.8. Text and genre classification codes Texts are classified in several different ways in the BNC, as described in section 8.3.5 (Text classification). Each text carries a number of text classification codes, specified a string of 70 10.8. Text and genre classification codes</p><p> values on the target attribute of its <catRefs> element. Possible values for these codes and their significance are listed in the corpus header (see 11.2 (The BNC corpus header)). These values are also used in the BNC indexing files described in section 11.3 (Creating a subcorpus) and distribution tables showing the number of texts, words, and sentences classified under most of them are given above in section 2 (Design of the corpus). One of the codes listed below is also supplied for each text as the content of a <classCode> element in its text header, as an alternative way of characterising each text. Full details of the analysis scheme used and its rationale are provided in an article by David Lee (Genres, registers, text types and styles: clarifying the concepts and navigating a path through the BNC Jungle, to be published in Language Learning and Technology, vol 5 no 3, September 2001) who has also generously agreed to make some of the results of this work available with the current release of the BNC. Table 23. Genre classification for spoken texts code texts S_brdcast_discussn 54 S_brdcast_documentary 10 S_brdcast_news 12 S_classroom 59 S_consult 128 S_conv 153 S_courtroom 13 S_demonstratn 6 S_interview 13 S_interview_oral_history 119 S_lect_commerce 3 S_lect_humanities_arts 4 S_lect_nat_science 4 S_lect_polit_law_edu 7 S_lect_soc_science 13 S_meeting 132 S_parliament 6 S_pub_debate 16 S_sermon 16 S_speech_scripted 26 S_speech_unscripted 51 S_sportslive 4 S_tutorial 18 S_unclassified 44</p><p>Table 24. Genre classification for written texts code texts W_ac_humanities_arts 87 W_ac_medicine 24 W_ac_nat_science 43 W_ac_polit_law_edu 187 W_ac_soc_science 142 10.9. Word class codes 71</p><p>W_ac_tech_engin 23 W_admin 12 W_advert 60 W_biography 100 W_commerce 112 W_email 7 W_essay_school 7 W_essay_univ 4 W_fict_drama 2 W_fict_poetry 31 W_fict_prose 485 W_hansard 4 W_institut_doc 43 W_instructional 15 W_letters_personal 6 W_letters_prof 11 W_misc 501 W_news_script 32 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_arts 51 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_commerce 44 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_editorial 12 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_misc 95 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_report 49 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_science 29 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_social 36 W_newsp_brdsht_nat_sports 24 W_newsp_other_arts 15 W_newsp_other_commerce 17 W_newsp_other_report 27 W_newsp_other_reportage 12 W_newsp_other_science 23 W_newsp_other_social 37 W_newsp_other_sports 9 W_newsp_tabloid 6 W_non_ac_humanities_arts 116 W_non_ac_medicine 17 W_non_ac_nat_science 62 W_non_ac_polit_law_edu 93 W_non_ac_soc_science 128 W_non_ac_tech_engin 123 W_pop_lore 211 W_religion 35</p><p>10.9. Word class codes A full discussion of the principles and practice underlying the CLAWS word class annotation scheme used in the BNC is provided by the document Manual to accompany The British 72 10.9. Word class codes</p><p>National Corpus (Version 2) with Improved Word-class Tagging, which is distributed with the BNC World Edition in HTML format. For convenience, a brief list of the codes used by this scheme extracted from that manual is also provided here. Table 25. Tag Description AJ0 Adjective (general or positive) (e.g. good, old, beautiful) AJC Comparative adjective (e.g. better, older) AJS Superlative adjective (e.g. best, oldest) AT0 Article (e.g. the, a, an, no) AV0 General adverb: an adverb not subclassified as AVP or AVQ (see below) (e.g. often, well, longer (adv.), furthest. AVP Adverb particle (e.g. up, off, out) AVQ Wh-adverb (e.g. when, where, how, why, wherever) CJC Coordinating conjunction (e.g. and, or, but) CJS Subordinating conjunction (e.g. although, when) CJT The subordinating conjunction that CRD Cardinal number (e.g. one, 3, fifty-five, 3609) DPS Possessive determiner-pronoun (e.g. your, their, his) DT0 General determiner-pronoun: i.e. a determiner-pronoun which is not a DTQ or an AT0. DTQ Wh-determiner-pronoun (e.g. which, what, whose, whichever) EX0 Existential there, i.e. there occurring in the there is ... or there are ... construction ITJ Interjection or other isolate (e.g. oh, yes, mhm, wow) NN0 Common noun, neutral for number (e.g. aircraft, data, committee) NN1 Singular common noun (e.g. pencil, goose, time, revelation) NN2 Plural common noun (e.g. pencils, geese, times, revelations) NP0 Proper noun (e.g. London, Michael, Mars, IBM) ORD Ordinal numeral (e.g. first, sixth, 77th, last). PNI Indefinite pronoun (e.g. none, everything, one [as pronoun], nobody) PNP Personal pronoun (e.g. I, you, them, ours) PNQ Wh-pronoun (e.g. who, whoever, whom) PNX Reflexive pronoun (e.g. myself, yourself, itself, ourselves) POS The possessive or genitive marker ’s or ’ PRF The preposition of PRP Preposition (except for of) (e.g. about, at, in, on, on behalf of, with) PUL Punctuation: left bracket - i.e. ( or [ PUN Punctuation: general separating mark - i.e..,!,:;- or ? PUQ Punctuation: quotation mark - i.e. ’ or " PUR Punctuation: right bracket - i.e. ) or ] TO0 Infinitive marker to UNC Unclassified items which are not appropriately considered as items of the English <a href="/tags/Lexicon/" rel="tag">lexicon</a>. VBB The present tense forms of the <a href="/tags/Verb/" rel="tag">verb</a> BE, except for is, ’s: i.e. am, are, ’m, ’re and be [subjunctive or imperative] VBD The past tense forms of the verb BE: was and were 10.9. Word class codes 73</p><p>VBG The -ing form of the verb BE: being VBI The infinitive form of the verb BE: be VBN The past participle form of the verb BE: been VBZ The -s form of the verb BE: is, ’s VDB The finite base form of the verb BE: do VDD The past tense form of the verb DO: did VDG The -ing form of the verb DO: doing VDI The infinitive form of the verb DO: do VDN The past participle form of the verb DO: done VDZ The -s form of the verb DO: does, ’s VHB The finite base form of the verb HAVE: have, ’ve VHD The past tense form of the verb HAVE: had, ’d VHG The -ing form of the verb HAVE: having VHI The infinitive form of the verb HAVE: have VHN The past participle form of the verb HAVE: had VHZ The -s form of the verb HAVE: has, ’s VM0 Modal auxiliary verb (e.g. will, would, can, could, ’ll, ’d) VVB The finite base form of lexical <a href="/tags/Verb/" rel="tag">verbs</a> (e.g. forget, send, live, return) [Including the imperative and present subjunctive] VVD The past tense form of lexical verbs (e.g. forgot, sent, lived, returned) VVG The -ing form of lexical verbs (e.g. forgetting, sending, <a href="/tags/Living_(New_Zealand)/" rel="tag">living</a>, returning) VVI The infinitive form of lexical verbs (e.g. forget, send, live, return) VVN The past participle form of lexical verbs (e.g. forgotten, sent, lived, returned) VVZ The -s form of lexical verbs (e.g. forgets, sends, lives, returns) XX0 The negative particle not or n’t ZZ0 Alphabetical symbols (e.g. A, a, B, b, c, d)</p><p>In addition to the basic 57 codes tabulated above, the BNC World Edition uses thirty ‘portmanteau’ or ‘ambiguity’ tags. These are applied wherever the probabilities assigned by the CLAWS automatic tagger to its first and second choice tags were considered too low for reliable disambiguation. So, for example, the ambiguity tag AJ0-AV0 indicates that the choice between adjective (AJ0) and adverb (AV0) is left open, although the tagger has a preference for an adjective reading. The mirror tag, AV0-AJ0, again shows adjective-adverb ambiguity, but this time the more likely reading is the adverb. The following table lists the ambiguity codes used in BNC World: Table 26. Ambiguity tag Ambiguous between More probable tag AJ0-NN1 AJ0 or NN1 AJ0 AJ0-VVD AJ0 or VVD AJ0 AJ0-VVG AJ0 or VVG AJ0 AJ0-VVN AJ0 or VVN AJ0 AV0-AJ0 AV0 or AJ0 AV0 AVP-PRP AVP or PRP AVP AVQ-CJS AVQ or CJS AVQ CJS-AVQ CJS or AVQ CJS 74 11. Software for the BNC</p><p>CJS-PRP CJS or PRP CJS CJT-DT0 CJT or DT0 CJT CRD-PNI CRD or PNI CRD DT0-CJT DT0 or CJT DT0 NN1-AJ0 NN1 or AJ0 NN1 NN1-NP0 NN1 or NP0 NN1 NN1-VVB NN1 or VVB NN1 NN1-VVG NN1 or VVG NN1 NN2-VVZ NN2 or VVZ NN2 NP0-NN1 NP0 or NN1 NP0 PNI-CRD PNI or CRD PNI PRP-AVP PRP or AVP PRP PRP-CJS PRP or CJS PRP VVB-NN1 VVB or NN1 VVB VVD-AJ0 VVD or AJ0 VVD VVD-VVN VVD or VVN VVD VVG-AJ0 VVG or AJ0 VVG VVG-NN1 VVG or NN1 VVG VVN-AJ0 VVN or AJ0 VVN VVN-VVD VVN or VVD VVN VVZ-NN2 VVZ or NN2 VVZ</p><p>11. Software for the BNC A design goal of the original BNC project was that it should not be delivered in a format which was proprietary or which required the use of any particular piece of software. This, together with the desire to conform to emerging international standards, was a key factor in determining the choice of SGML as the vehicle for the corpus interchange format. Six years after this decision, SGML is still a widely used international standard format for which many public domain and commercial utilities exist. Indeed, in the shape of XML, which is a simplified version of the original standard, SGML now dominates development of the world wide web, and hence of most sectors of the information processing community. New XML software appears almost every week, and it has been adopted by current ‘major players’ from Sun and IBM to Microsoft. That said, it must be recognised that the requirements of corpus linguists and others wishing to make use of the BNC are often rather specialist, and therefore unlikely to be supported by mainstream commercially produced software. For this and other reasons, the research user of the BNC should expect to have to do some programming. This is another reason behind the choice of SGML or XML as a vehicle for the system: because of the wide take up of these formalisms, there exist many utility librariues and generic programming interfaces which greatly simplify such processes as extracting the tags from a file, selecting portions of the text according to its logical structure, picking out files with certain attributes by searching their headers, and so on. The BNC uses SGML in a simple and straightforward way described in the rest of this manual; simple programs can be readily written using standard UNIX utilities such as grep or perl to access the corpus just as plain text files. More reliably, programs can be written to application programming interfaces (APIs) such as the W3C’s Document Object Model (DOM) or the Simple API for XML (SAX), using application libraries developed for almost 11.1.1. Text files 75</p><p> every modern programming language (C, Perl, Python, tcl etc.). Information about such resources is not provided here, but is readily found on the World Wide Web: currently, one good place to start looking is www.xml.com. When the BNC was first published, the top of the range personal computer might have as much as 50 or even 100 megabytes of disk storage and 8 Mb of RAM. At the time of writing, 20 or 30 gigabyte hard disks and 128 Mb of RAM are commonplace on entry level machines. It is thus quite likely that software capable of efficiently handling the 1.5 gigabytes of text which make up the BNC will also soon become commonplace. For the moment, however, it has to be recognized that general purpose tools for SGML and XML do not always cope very well with the large size of the whole corpus, although they can still be very useful for processing subsets extracted from it. To handle the whole of the corpus, special purpose indexing software will usually be necessary. Although such systems exist, they are often expensive or difficult to implement. For that reason, the BNC Project also developed its own low-cost alternative, the SARA package, which is documented separately. It should be emphasized however that use of the BNC is not synonymous with use of SARA. Most generic tools developed for <a href="/tags/Corpus_linguistics/" rel="tag">corpus linguistics</a> and NLP can be used with the BNC, although the tools may be vary in the extent to which they can make use of the markup in the corpus. Whatever software is used, the programmer must have a clear understanding of the various elements tagged in the corpus, the contexts in which they may appear, and their intended <a href="/tags/Semantics/" rel="tag">semantics</a>. The syntax of an SGML document is defined by a document type definition and by an SGML declaration. For TEI conformant texts, the TEI Header provides additional meta- information. The semantics of SGML elements are provided by documentation such as that provided elsewhere in this manual. 11.1. The BNC delivery format An SGML document like the BNC must have the following components: • an SGML declaration defining various SGML-specific limits; • a document type declaration defining the elements entities and attributes which are legal in the document; • an SGML document instance, that is, the document text itself. These three components are all included as part of the standard release of the corpus. 11.1.1. Text files The BNC is delivered in compressed format, using the GNU tar utility. When expanded, it comprises 4054 distinct files, ranging in size from 1 to 45 Kbytes, and totalling about 1.5 Gbytes. Each file contains a single BNC document, i.e. a TEI header and its associated spoken or written text, and has the same name as the value of the id attribute on its <bncDoc> element. Files are grouped according to their names into a three-level hierarchy. For example, all files with names beginning AA are in a subdirectory AA, which is within a subdirectory A (along with all other subdirectories beginning with the letter A). Not all possible three-letter filenames are actually used. Each single-letter subdirectory (A to K, excluding I) is delivered as a separate compressed archive file. The whole corpus should be unpacked into a single hierarchy, which, as delivered, is called BNC/Texts. The full name for the corpus text with identifier ABC is thus BNC/Texts/A/AB/ABC. Note that the three-character identifiers used (and hence the directory structure) are entirely arbitrary and do not convey any information about the type of text contained. Each text contains a TEI Header which specifies all such meta information, either directly, or by reference to the corpus header, as described in section 8 (The header). For convenience, 76 11.1.2. SGML components</p><p> however, this release includes an XML file called bncIndex.xml and a simple finder file called bncfinder.dat either of which may be used to select files of particular types, as further discussed in 11.3 (Creating a subcorpus). 11.1.2. SGML components All ancillary files relating to the SGML structure and processing of the corpus are included in the standard release within a subdirectory called SGML. This contains the following files: bnc.dec The BNC SGML declaration provided has been modified to allow for the use of either an XML or an SGML format: this is necessary since the TEI Headers provided with the current release of the corpus are distributed in XML format. The corpus texts themselves are however still distributed in SGML format. bnc.dtd The BNC document type declaration, as a single SGML file. This file is automatically generated from the standard TEI DTD using a pair of ‘extension files’ as further discussed in section 9 (Compatibility issues). bncMods.dtd and bncMods.ent The two extension files used to parameterize the TEI for BNC usage bncChars.dtd SGML declarations for all character entities used in the BNC bncDocs.dtd SGML declarations for all documents making up the BNC driver1.sgm and driver2.sgm Example SGML driver files for processing the BNC. bncfinder.dat and bncIndex.xml Ancillary data files which may be used to facili- tate access to the corpus (see 11.3 (Creating a subcorpus) below.)</p><p>The remainder of this section discusses how these files may be used together as an SGML document. This is by no means the only way of processing the corpus, of course, and is intended solely to demonstrate the function of the various files listed above. Some basic understanding of the components of an SGML system is assumed. To process a single text from the corpus (say, text ABC), a driver file like the following could be used</p><p><!DOCTYPE bnc SYSTEM "http://www.hcu.ox.ac.uk/TEI/Guidelines/DTD/tei2.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % TEI.prose "INCLUDE"> <!ENTITY % TEI.spoken "INCLUDE"> <!ENTITY % TEI.general "INCLUDE"> <!ENTITY % TEI.analysis "INCLUDE"> <!ENTITY % TEI.corpus "INCLUDE"> <!ENTITY % TEI.extensions.ent SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/bncMods.ent"> <!ENTITY % TEI.extensions.dtd SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/bncMods.dtd"> <!ENTITY % BNCchars SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/BNCchars.ent"> %BNCchars; <!ENTITY corphdr SYSTEM "/home/BNC/Texts/corphdr"> <!ENTITY text SYSTEM "/home/BNC/Texts/A/AB/ABC"> ]> <bnc> &corphdr; &text; </bnc></p><p>This driver assumes that the standard TEI DTD is available from the URL given (which was true as of the date of this manual), and that the files from the BNC World distribution have been installed under /home/BNC. Alternatively, if the driver file is to be used offline, using the ‘compiled’ version of the BNC dtd, it might look like the following: 11.1.2. SGML components 77</p><p><!DOCTYPE bnc SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/bnc.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % BNCchars SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/BNCchars.ent"> %BNCchars; <!ENTITY BNChdr SYSTEM "/home/BNC/Texts/corphdr"> <!ENTITY text1 SYSTEM "/home/BNC/Texts/A/AB/ABC"> ]> <bnc> &corphdr; &text1; </bnc></p><p>To process more than one file from the corpus, a set of declarations like the one given above for the entity text would be necessary, one for each text concerned. For convenenience, a file containing such declarations for every text in the corpus is also provided: this file, bncdocs.dtd, consists of declarations like the following: <!ENTITY ABC SYSTEM "BNC/Texts/A/AB/ABC"> <!ENTITY ABD SYSTEM "BNC/Texts/A/AB/ABD"></p><p>. With these declarations in force, it becomes possible to refer to the corpus file ABC simply by means of the entity reference &ABC;, as in the following example:</p><p><!DOCTYPE bnc SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/bnc.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % BNCdocs SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/bncDocs.ent"> %BNCdocs; <!ENTITY % BNCchars SYSTEM "/home/BNC/SGML/bncChars.ent"> %BNCchars; <!ENTITY BNChdr SYSTEM "/home/BNC/Texts/corphdr"> ]> <bnc> &BNChdr; &ABC; &ABD; </bnc></p><p>The first line declares that what follows is an SGML document and that the dtd describing it is located in the file with the SYSTEM identifier given (/home/BNC/SGML/bnc.dtd). The next few lines (the portion within square brackets) comprise the DTD subset declaration: declarations here are to be processed before the content of the DTD. It comprises three entity declarations. The first, for BNCdocs, associates that name with the external entity containing declarations for all the documents making up the BNC itself (i.e. the file bncDocs.ent), and then immedi- ately references that entity. The percent sign is a syntactic convention of SGML which need not concern us here: the effect is that each file in the corpus can now be referenced using a name such as &ABC;. The second, for BNCchars, does almost exactly the same thing, but for the character references used within the corpus (see further 10.2 (Character entities defined by the BNC DTD)). The third associates the name BNChdr with the file containing the corpus header. Following this, the driver file contains the SGML document itself, beginning with the <bnc> start-tag, and ending with the </bnc> end-tag. Between these tags are entity references, one for the corpus header, followed by one for each file to be included in this view of the corpus. 78 11.2. The BNC corpus header</p><p>11.2. The BNC corpus header As discussed in section 5 (Basic structure) above, the BNC consists of an overall corpus header, and a large number of distinct BNC documents, each with its own header. The corpus header must be present for an SGML processor to work with any part of the Corpus, because the corpus header contains declarations of elements (such as the classification records) referred to by almost every part of the corpus. The various elements making up the header and their functions are discussed in section 8 (The header). The corpus header itself is included in the file corphdr. Its contents are reproduced below, reformatted for legibility. <teiHeader type="corpus" creator="dominic" status="update" date.updated="2000- 10-17" id="BNC-W"> <fileDesc> File Description <titleStmt> The British National Corpus: World Edition</p><p>Lead partner in consortium : Oxford University Press</p><p>Text selection for miscellaneous and unpublished written materials : W R Chambers Text selection, data capture and transcription for spoken texts and for 14% of published written texts : Longman ELT Text selection for 86% published written texts : Oxford University Press Data capture and transcription for all miscellaneous and unpublished written texts and for 86% of published written texts : Oxford University Press</p><p>Encoding, storage and distribution : Oxford University Computing Services</p><p>Text enrichment : Unit for Computer Research into the English Language, University of Lancaster </titleStmt></p><p><editionStmt n="2.0"> First World Edition </editionStmt></p><p><extent> Approximately 100 million words </extent></p><p><publicationStmt></p><p>Publication <distributor> Oxford University Computing Services 11.2. The BNC corpus header 79</p><p></distributor> <address> 13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN U.K. Telephone: +44 1865 273221 Facsimile: +44 1865 273275 Internet mail: natcorp@oucs.ox.ac.uk</p><p></address> <idno type="BNC"> BNC-W </idno> <availability> The British National Corpus is distributed worldwide by Oxford University Computing Ser- vices on a not-for-profit basis, and under the terms of a standard license agreement. Each copy of the corpus must include a copy of this corpus header and any redistribution or republishing of the corpus texts (the "BNC Processed Material") is strictly forbidden. For information, the conditions of the Standard License Agreement are as follows: • The BNC Consortium grants according to the terms and conditions set out herein and in consideration of the payments specified herein a non-exclusive, non-transferable Licence to the Licensee to use the BNC Processed Material for the purposes of linguistic research and/or the development of language products. • Distribution of the BNC Processed Material is restricted to the Licensee or in the event of the Licensee being an organisation, to the Licensee’s research group. This group is defined as consisting only of those Licensee’s employees whom the Licensee authorises to perform the work using the BNC Processed Material for the purposes described in paragraph (a). • Members of the said research group must not, except as herein provided, copy, publish or otherwise give to any third party access to the whole or any part of the BNC Processed Material. It is the responsibility of the Licensee to ensure that the members of the said research group understand and abide by this restriction, and to supervise their activities with respect to the BNC Processed Material. Neither the Licensee nor members of the Licensee’s said research group may assign, transfer, lease, sell, rent, charge or otherwise encumber the BNC Processed Material. • The BNC Processed Material may be installed at the place or places of work of the said research group. The place of work is defined as the computing systems that the members of a research group normally use to conduct their research activities. It can include both work and home computers, and is not restricted to a particular machine or building. • Copies of the BNC Processed Material may be made for backup purposes, or for the purposes of making data available to members of the research group but the Licensee shall ensure that the BNC Consortium’s copyright notice is reproduced on all copies or parts thereof of the BNC Processed Material. Any such copies will be deemed to be part of the BNC Processed Material. • There is no restriction on the use of the Licensee’s Results except that the Licensee may not publish in print or electronic form or exploit commercially in any form whatsoever any extracts from the BNC Processed Material other than as permitted under the provi- sions of the relevant copyright laws. 80 11.2. The BNC corpus header</p><p>• The BNC Consortium does not grant to the Licensee any rights whatsoever to reproduce the BNC Texts or use all or any part of the BNC Texts in commercial products or services in any way other than would be permitted under the fair dealings provision of copyright law. </availability></p><p><date value="2000-11-1"> 31 October 2000 </date></p><p></publicationStmt></p><p><sourceDesc> The British National Corpus has no single source document. For details of the source or sources used in the creation of each electronic text, see the individual text headers. The principles and practices underlying selection and design of the corpus is documented in the BNC User Reference Guide, a copy of which should be supplied with it. </sourceDesc></p><p></fileDesc></p><p><encodingDesc> Encoding <projectDesc></p><p>Goals The British National Corpus (BNC) Consortium was formed in 1990, and started work in 1991 on the three-year task of producing a hundred-million word corpus of modern British English for use in commercial and academic research. The first edition was published in 1994. This second edition was produced during between 1998 and 2000. It contains a thorough revision of the part of speech tagging, several corrections to the headers, and some minor revision of the SGML tagging used. The Consortium Participants The BNC is the result of of a unique collaboration between three major U.K. dictionary publishers, two universities, and the British Library. The dictionary publishers are Chambers Harrap, Longman, and Oxford University Press; the universities are The Unit for Computer Research into the English Language (UCREL) at Lancaster University; and Oxford University Computing Services (OUCS). Funding The development of the BNC was funded by the commercial partners in the consor- tium with assistance from the the U.K. government’s Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) under the Joint Framework for Information Technology (JFIT). Design The British National Corpus is – A large corpus: its hundred million words are made up of ninety million from written and ten million from spoken sources. – A sample corpus: it is composed of text samples, generally of no more than 40,000 words, rather than of complete works. 11.2. The BNC corpus header 81</p><p>– A synchronic corpus: it includes imaginative texts dating from the 1960s to 1994; informative texts dating from 1975 to 1994; and spoken texts gathered primarily between 1990 and 1994. – A general corpus: it is not specifically restricted to any particular subject field, register or genre. It includes language from all age and social groups and a broad spread of U.K. regions. – A monolingual British English Corpus: text samples are substantially the prod- uct of British English speakers. A small proportion of the words in the corpus are in a foreign language or non-British English. – A TEI-conformant Corpus: texts in the corpus are uniformly marked up accord- ing to the recommendations of the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), an international consortium concerned with the mark-up of texts for use in academic research. These recommendations are an application of Standardized General Markup Language (SGML), defined by International Standard IS 8879:1986. Uses : – Lexicography: The corpus provides a body of new data on word meaning, gram- mar and usage. It yields empirical data on word frequencies, word classes and spelling preferences, among other things. It also reveals hitherto undocumented evidence about the spoken language, with consequences that go far beyond the immediate impact on dictionary-writing. – Linguistic research: The corpus provides a standard basis for investigating phenomena and testing competing linguistic theories. – Language technology: Statistical techniques, requiring very large samples of text, are increasingly used in machine <a href="/tags/Translation/" rel="tag">translation</a>, speech recognition, speech synthesizers, spelling and grammar checkers for word-processing and desk-top publishing, hand-held electronic books and other developments in information technology. – Teaching: The corpus provides a rich source of examples of current usage for English Language Teaching, allowing more frequent patterns of use to be distinguished from less frequent. In addition, the corpus provides a valuable didactic resource for use in many areas of higher education. – As a model: Future TEI-conformant corpora, in English and other languages, may base their designs on the experience gained in the production of the BNC.</p><p></projectDesc></p><p><samplingDecl> Different parts of the BNC were constructed using different sampling policies, as further described in the BNC Design Documentation. The policies are summarized below. Note that information about which policy resulted in the selection of a particular text is not available.</p><p>SD000 Published: chosen selectively from candidate population SD001 Published: chosen at random from candidate population SD002 Unpublished: chosen according to relevant design criteria SD003 Spoken: obtained from demographic sample of UK population SD004 Spoken: obtained in context determined by design criteria 82 11.2. The BNC corpus header</p><p></samplingDecl></p><p><editorialDecl> The following editorial policies were applied in creating the BNC. The DECLS attribute indicates which policies apply to a given <text> or <div> element; but not all policies are necessarily marked. Policies are identified by ID codes as follows:</p><p> correction policies : CN000 Errors tagged with <sic> when seen; no normalization CN001 Errors tagged with <sic> if seen; normalisation with <corr> CN002 Normalized to standard British English or control list member CN004 Corrections and normalizations applied silently hyphenation policies : HN000 Smart elision of line-end hyphens; &rehy used for remainder HN001 Dumb elision of line-end hyphens; true hyphens hand-reinstated HN002 Line-end hyphens removed by hand where appropriate HN003 Source material contains no line-end hyphens quotation policies : QN000 Open, close quote normalized to &bquo, &equo QN001 Open and close quote normalized to &quo QN002 Quotation may be represented using <shift> Segmentation In this version of the Corpus, all segmentation and word-class marking was carried out in the same way, using CLAWS5. Transcription methods : TN000 Copy-typed from hard-copy into OUP format; transduced to CDIF TN001 Copy-typed from hard-copy into Longman format; transduced to CDIF TN002 Scanned from hard-copy into OUP format; transduced to CDIF TN003 Scanned from hard-copy into Longman format; transduced to CDIF TN004 Transduced from M-R into OUP format; transduced to CDIF TN005 Transduced from M-R into Longman format; transduced to CDIF TN006 Recording transcribed into Longman format; transduced to CDIF </editorialDecl></p><p><tagsDecl> Tags</p><p><align> Alignment map for synchronizing overlapped speech <bibl> Free format bibliographic citation <bncDoc> an individual text in the BNC <body> The body of a written text <c> A single character, typically punctuation <caption> Floating caption in written material <corr> An editorial correction <div> Spoken text division <div1> Written text division, level 1 <div2> Written text division, level 2 11.2. The BNC corpus header 83</p><p><div3> Written text division, level 3 <div4> Written text division, level 4 <event> Non-verbal event in spoken text <gap> Point where source material omitted from electronic text <head> Header or headline on written text division <hi> Written text highlight indicator <item> List item <l> Poem or verse line <label> List item’s label <lb> Line break indicator <lg> Group of verse lines <list> A list <loc> Anchor indicating synchronization point <note> Editorial or original note pertaining to a text <p> Written text paragraph <pause> Pause indicator in spoken text <pb> Written text page break <poem> Poetic or verse material <ptr> Pointer from one part of a text to another <quote> Written text quoted material indicator <reg> Regularizes questionable or incorrectly-spelled material <s> Text segment <salute> A salutation (as in a letter etc.) <shift> Indicates a change of register etc. in spoken material <sic> Marks questionable spelling or usage <sp> Dramatic written material speech marker <spkr> Dramatic written material speaker indicator <stage> Dramatic written material stage direction <stext> Spoken text <text> Written text <trunc> Indicates truncated word in spoken material <u> Spoken text utterance <unclear> Indicates untranscribable material in spoken text <vocal> Vocalized non-word in spoken material <w> CLAWS-defined word</p><p></tagsDecl></p><p><refsDecl> Canonical references in the British National Corpus are to text segment (<s>) elements, and are constructed by taking the value of the n attribute of the <bncDoc> element containing the target text, and concatenating a dot separator, followed by the value of the n attribute of the target <s> element. Segments are numbered sequentially within each text or stext, starting at 1. There may be gaps in the numeric sequence, as a consequence of post-segmentation corrections. </refsDecl></p><p><classDecl> 84 11.2. The BNC corpus header</p><p>DLee: David Lee’s Register classification as documented at http://members.xoom.com/davidlee00/genre_register.zip COPAC: Keyword classifications as supplied by the UK’s COPAC service at http://copac.ac.uk : allava Text availability allava0 Ownership has not been claimed allava1 Worldwide rights cleared allava2 Worldwide rights cleared allava3 Not available in North America allava4 Not available in U.S.A. allava5 Not available outside the European Union allava6 Not available in U.S.A. & Philippines allava7 Not available in N America & Philippines alltyp Text type alltyp1 Spoken demographic alltyp2 Spoken context-governed alltyp3 Written books and periodicals alltyp4 Written-to-be-spoken alltyp5 Written miscellaneous alltim Publication date alltim1 1960-1974 alltim2 1975-1984 alltim3 1985-1993 alltim0 Unknown scgdom Domain for context-governed spoken material scgdom1 Educational/Informative scgdom2 Business scgdom3 Public/Institutional scgdom4 Leisure sdeage Age band for demographic respondent sdeage1 0-14 sdeage2 15-24 sdeage3 25-34 sdeage4 35-44 sdeage5 45-59 sdeage6 60+ sdecla Social class for demographic repondent sdecla0 Unknown sdecla1 AB sdecla2 C1 sdecla3 C2 sdecla4 DE sdesex Sex of demographic respondent sdesex0 Unknown sdesex1 Male sdesex2 Female spolog Interaction type for spoken text spolog1 Monologue spolog2 Dialogue 11.2. The BNC corpus header 85</p><p> sporeg Region where spoken text captured sporeg0 Unknown sporeg1 South sporeg2 Midlands sporeg3 North wriaag Author age band for written material wriaag0 Unknown wriaag1 0-14 wriaag2 15-24 wriaag3 25-34 wriaag4 35-44 wriaag5 45-59 wriaag6 60+ wriad Author domicile wriad1 UK and Ireland wriad2 Commonwealth wriad3 Continental Europe wriad4 USA wriad5 Elsewhere wriad0 Unknown wriase Written: author sex wriase0 Unknown wriase1 Male wriase2 Female wriase3 Mixed wriase4 Unknown wriaty Written: type of author wriaty1 Corporate wriaty0 Unknown wriaty2 Multiple wriaty3 Sole wriaty4 Unknown wriaud Written: audience age wriaud0 Unknown wriaud1 Child wriaud2 Teenager wriaud3 Adult wriaud4 Any wridom Domain for written corpus texts wridom1 Imaginative wridom2 Informative: natural & pure science wridom3 Informative: applied science wridom4 Informative: social science wridom5 Informative: world affairs wridom6 Informative: commerce & finance wridom7 Informative: arts wridom8 Informative: belief & thought wridom9 Informative: leisure 86 11.2. The BNC corpus header</p><p> wrilev Written: perceived level of difficulty: wrilev0 Unknown wrilev1 Low wrilev2 Medium wrilev3 High wrimed Medium for written corpus texts wrimed1 Book wrimed2 Periodical wrimed3 Miscellaneous: published wrimed4 Miscellaneous: unpublished wrimed5 To-be-spoken wripp Place of publication wripp0 Unknown wripp1 UK (unspecific) wripp2 Ireland wripp6 United States wripp3 UK: North (north of Mersey-Humber line) wripp4 UK: Midlands (north of Bristol Channel-Wash line) wripp5 UK: South (south of Bristol Channel-Wash line) wrisam Written text sample type wrisam0 Unknown wrisam1 Whole text wrisam2 Beginning sample wrisam3 Middle sample wrisam4 End sample wrisam5 Composite wrista Written: estimated circulation size wrista0 Unknown wrista1 Low wrista2 Medium wrista3 High writas Written: target audience sex writas0 Unknown writas1 Male writas2 Female writas3 Mixed writas4 Unknown </classDecl></p><p></encodingDesc></p><p><profileDesc> Profile <creation> This version of the corpus contains only texts accessioned on or before 1994-11-04. </creation> 11.2. The BNC corpus header 87</p><p><langUsage> The language of the British National Corpus is modern British English. Words, fragments, and passages from many other languages, both ancient and modern, occur within the corpus where these may be represented using a Latin alphabet. Long passages in these languages, and material in other languages, are generally silently deleted. In no case is the lang attribute used to indicate the language of a word, phrase or passage, nor are alternate writing system definitions used. </langUsage></p><p><particDesc> <person age="X" id="PS000" n="W0000" role="other" sex="u" soc="UU"> PS000: Unknown speaker </person></p><p><person age="X" id="PS001" n="W000M" role="other" sex="u" soc="UU"> PS001: Group of unknown speakers </person></p><p></particDesc></p><p></profileDesc></p><p><revisionDesc> Revision History</p><p>2000-10-11 2000-10-11 ed Final manual corrections for BNC-W 2000-10-18 2000-10-18 ed Further manual corrections for BNC-W 2000-01-08 2000-01-08 ed Manually changed catdescriptions etc. for BNC-W 1994-11-30 1994-11-30 Edit Corpus Revision</p><p></revisionDesc></p><p></teiHeader> 88 11.3.1. Using bncfinder.dat</p><p>11.3. Creating a subcorpus Two files are provided with this version of the corpus to assist in the selection of files according to their classification codes: bncfinder.dat and bncIndex.xml. 11.3.1. Using bncfinder.dat The file bncfinder.dat is a straightforward ASCII format data file, containing one record for each file in the corpus Within each record, the following blank-delimited fields are present: • three-character identifier • size of text in Kbytes • number of <p> or <u> elements • number of <s> elements • number of <w> elements • number of orthographic words • all classification codes assigned to this text</p><p>Here are two typical records from this file (wrapped to fit on the page: in the original, each is a single line):</p><p>A00 107 112 423 6673 6894 alltim3 allava2 alltyp5 wriaag0 wriad0 wriase0 wriaty2 wriaud3 wridom4 wrilev2 wrimed3 wripp5 wrisam5 wrista2 writas3 KSP 41 259 306 1543 1427 alltim3 allava2 alltyp1 sdeage1 sdecla1 sdesex1 spolog2 sporeg1</p><p>This file can be rapidly searched with simple Unix utilities such as grep to identify subcor- pora having particular characteristics: for example, the following command line will select records for all spoken demographic texts collected by female respondents:</p><p>$grep sdesex2 bncfinder.dat</p><p>The same information could of course be obtained by searching through the corpus texts themselves; however the above is likely to be much quicker. The classification codes used in the bncfinder.dat file are listed in section 10.8 (Text and genre classification codes). The lines selected by such a procedure can be processed in many ways. Here for example is a program written in the perl language which just creates the references needed to embed texts in a driver file like those above: open(out, ">bncrefs.sgm") || die "Cannot create bncrefs.sgm: $!\n"; while (<>) { ($id,$k,$p,$s,$w, $o) = split; $ntexts ++; $kbsz += $k; $nsents += $s; $nwords += $o; print OUT "id\n"; } print "You have selected $ntexts texts, totalling $kbsz Kb, $nsents s-units and $nwords orthographic words\n" ;</p><p>Assuming that this program is stored in the file subcorp.prl, a command line like the following might be used to create a bncrefs.sgm file defining a subcorpus comprising all the spoken demographic texts collected by female respondents:</p><p>$grep sdesex2 bncfinder.dat | perl subcorp.prl 11.3.2. Using bncIndex.xml 89</p><p>11.3.2. Using bncIndex.xml The file bncIndex.xml contains similar information to that provided in bncfinder.dat, but formatted for processing as an XML document. It contains a single <bncIndex> element which encloses a series of <doc> elements, one for each text in the BNC. Each <doc> element contains the following subelements: <idno> The three character identifier of the text <title> Either the short title of the text, taken from the <title> in the <fileDesc>, or the phrase [Unscripted conversation] <class> A classification code applied to the text, as giuven by the target attribute of the <catRef> element. One <class> is given for each classification and the following attributes are used to specify it: type the identifying code specified by some <category> element in the corpus header value a numeric code which, when appended to the type value, gives the classification code for this text. <genre> The genre code assigned to this text in David Lee’s classification scheme, as recorded in the <classCode> element in its header <counts> Size of this text measured in various ways, as specified by the following attributes: kb size in Kbytes ow size in orthographic words w number of <w> elements s number of <s> elements</p><p>Here are the XML elements for the two texts mentioned above (reformatted slightly to fit on the page):</p><p><doc> <idno>A00</idno> <title>[ACET factsheets & newsletters]. W_non_ac_medicine

KSP [Spontaneous conversation] S_conv 90 11.3.2. Using bncIndex.xml

Although XML files do not require a DTD, one is also provided in the directory for convenience. It is called bncIndex.dtd and listed below:

XML files may be processed in many different ways, but one of the most convenient is to use an XSLT stylesheet to transform it for display or search it. XSLT is a very high-level programming language defined by the W3C, which offers the ability to transform and process XML documents in a variety of ways. It is (at the time of writing) the language of choice for manipulating XML on the web, where a large number of free tools and tutorials may also be found. To give a flavour of the language, the following XSLT stylesheet will process the bncIn- dex.xml selecting only texts with classification "wridom4", and displaying their titles, identi- fiers, and size as an HTML format table:

There are BNC World Files with wridom classified as 4

12. List of works excerpted (1991). Sample containing about 12084 words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) A00 [ACET factsheets & newsletters]. Aids A0C Caterer & Hotelkeeper. Reed Publish- Care Education & Training , London ing Group, Sutton, Surrey (1991-19- ( 1991-09 ). Sample containing about 19). Sample containing about 31254 6894 words of miscellanea (domain: words from a periodical (domain: social social science) science) A01 [ACET AIDS leaflets]. Aids Care Ed- A0D A classic English crime. Heald, Tim, ucation & Training, London (1991). Pavilion Books Ltd, London (1990), 96- Sample containing about 8115 words of 216. Sample containing about 39287 miscellanea (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: imagina- A02 ACET Annual Review 1990/91. Aids tive) Care Education & Training, London A0E The seventh Birmingham International (1991). Sample containing about 3430 Film & TV Festival. Enterprise Maga- words of miscellanea (domain: social zines Ltd, Birmingham (1991). Sample science) containing about 15135 words from a A03 Amnesty. Amnesty International, Lon- periodical (domain: arts) don (1991-06). Sample containing A0F Part of the furniture. Falk, Michael, about 19972 words from a periodical Bellew Publishing Company Ltd, Lon- (domain: world affairs) don (1991), 1-146. Sample containing A04 Art criticism: a user’s guide. Darra- about 41971 words from a book (do- cott, Joseph, Bellew Publishing Com- main: imaginative) pany Ltd, London (1991). Sample con- A0G Gardeners’ World. Redwood Publish- taining about 39605 words from a book ing Company., London (1991-19-19). (domain: arts) Sample containing about 37336 words A05 Authors. Miller, Karl, Oxford Uni- from a periodical (domain: natural sci- versity Press, Oxford (1989), 60-163. ences) Sample containing about 42316 words A0H Gliding safety. Piggott, Derek, A from a book (domain: arts) & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, London A06 So you want to be an actor?. Rendle, (1991), pp 9-91. Sample containing Adrian, A & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, about 40241 words from a book (do- London (1991), 5-107. Sample con- main: leisure) taining about 36590 words from a book A0J [Health promotion and education (domain: arts) leaflets]. u.p.. Sample containing about A07 The tragedy of belief. Fulton, John, Ox- 24788 words of miscellanea (domain: ford University Press, Oxford (1991). natural sciences) Sample containing about 39913 words A0K An inside job. Young, Malcolm, Ox- from a book (domain: belief and ford University Press, Oxford (1991), thought) 2-106. Sample containing about 40541 A08 The big glass. Josipovici, Gabriel, Car- words from a book (domain: social sci- canet Press, Manchester (1991). Sam- ence) ple containing about 40135 words from A0L Jay loves Lucy. Cooper, Fiona, Ser- a book (domain: imaginative) pent’s Tail, London (1991), 11-154. A0A [CAMRA fact sheets]. CAMRA, St Sample containing about 43101 words Albans. Sample containing about 5890 from a book (domain: imaginative) words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) A0M Winning karate competition. Mitchell, A0B Trouble brewing. Holder, R, Pow- David, A & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, ers, A, Parissien, S, Langford, N and London (1991), 10-108. Sample con- Gamston, David, CAMRA, St Albans 92 12. List of works excerpted

taining about 24108 words from a book of miscellanea (domain: social science) (domain: leisure) A11 BR in the eighties. St John Thomas, A0N King Cameron. Craig, David, Car- David and Whitehouse, Patrick, David canet Press, Manchester (1991), 15- & Charles Publishers plc, Newton Ab- 113. Sample containing about 41893 bot, Devon (1990). Sample containing words from a book (domain: imagina- about 42442 words from a book (do- tive) main: world affairs) A0P Leonard Cohen: prophet of the heart. A12 A ballet-maker’s handbook. Lawson, Dorman, Loranne S and Rawlins, Clive Joan, A & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, L, Omnibus Press, London (1990). London (1991). Sample containing Sample containing about 43573 words about 47315 words from a book (do- from a book (domain: arts) main: arts) A0R Nudists may be encountered. Scott, A13 [CAMRA information leaflets]. Mary, Serpent’s Tail, London (1991), 7- CAMRA, St Albans. Sample contain- 115. Sample containing about 34443 ing about 4561 words of miscellanea words from a book (domain: imagina- (domain: leisure) tive) A14 What’s brewing. CAMRA, St Albans A0S [Official leaflets]. u.p.. Sample con- (1991-10). Sample containing about taining about 1525 words of miscel- 22899 words of miscellanea (domain: lanea (domain: commerce) leisure) A0T The pursuit of mind. Tallis, Raymond A15 Climber and Hill Walker. George and Robinson, Howard, Carcanet Press, Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow Manchester (1991). Sample containing (1991-08). Sample containing about about 40537 words from a book (do- 30722 words from a periodical (do- main: belief and thought) main: leisure) A0U So very English. Rowe, Martha (ed.), A16 Do It Yourself Magazine. Link House Serpent’s Tail, London (1990). Sample Magazines Ltd, Croydon (1991-09). containing about 36950 words from a Sample containing about 33154 words book (domain: imaginative) from a periodical (domain: leisure) A0V Tennis World. Presswatch, Sussex A17 Dogs Today. Burlington Publish- (1991-08). Sample containing about ing Company Ltd, Windsor (1992-02, 20581 words from a periodical (do- 1992-04). Sample containing about main: leisure) 24085 words from a periodical (do- A0W Fitness with weights. Fleet, Alan, A main: leisure) & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, London A18 Dostoevsky. Jones, John, Clarendon (1991). Sample containing about 10828 Press, Oxford (1983). Sample contain- words from a book (domain: leisure) ing about 35938 words from a book (do- A0X Woodworker. Argus Specialist Publi- main: arts) cations, Hemel Hempstead (1991-08). A19 Electronics and Wireless World. Reed Sample containing about 32599 words Business Publishing Group Ltd, Sutton, from a periodical (domain: leisure) Surrey (1991-09). Sample containing A0Y [Age Concern fact sheets]. Age Con- about 41084 words from a periodical cern England, Mitcham. Sample con- (domain: applied science) taining about 19008 words of miscel- A1A Exploding English. Bergonzi, Bernard, lanea (domain: social science) Clarendon Press, Oxford (1990). Sam- A10 [Age Concern newsletter and informa- ple containing about 41957 words from tion]. Age Concern England, Mitcham. a book (domain: arts) Sample containing about 23795 words A1B Studies in Ezra Pound. Davie, Donald, 12. List of works excerpted 93

Carcanet Press, London (1991). Sample 1989-10-02: Living section. News- containing about 49084 words from a paper Publishing plc, London (1989- book (domain: arts) 19-19). Sample containing about A1C Henry’s leg. Pilling, Ann, Viking 1849 words from a periodical (domain: Kestrel, Harmondsworth (1987). Sam- leisure) ple containing about 40191 words from A1M Independent, electronic edition of a book (domain: imaginative) 1989-10-02: Science pages. Newspa- A1D Independent, electronic edition of per Publishing plc, London (1989-19- 1989-10-02: Arts section. Newspaper 19). Sample containing about 4910 Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). words from a periodical (domain: nat- Sample containing about 4212 words ural sciences) from a periodical (domain: arts) A1N Independent, electronic edition of A1E Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-02: Sport section. Newspaper 1989-10-02: Business section. News- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Sample containing about 14770 words 19-19). Sample containing about 9916 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: com- A1P Independent, electronic edition of merce) 1989-10-02: Frontpages. Newspaper A1F Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-02: Editorials. Newspaper Sample containing about 2595 words Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). from a periodical (domain: world af- Sample containing about 8909 words fairs) from a periodical (domain: world af- A1R Independent, electronic edition of fairs) 1989-10-03: Arts section. Newspaper A1G Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-02: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 1583 words Newspaper Publishing plc, London from a periodical (domain: arts) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A1S Independent, electronic edition of 10242 words from a periodical (do- 1989-10-03: Business section. News- main: world affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A1H Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 11549 1989-10-02: Gazette section. News- words from a periodical (domain: com- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- merce) 19-19). Sample containing about 3108 A1T Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: world 1989-10-03: Editorials. Newspaper affairs) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A1J Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 9114 words 1989-10-02: Home news pages. News- from a periodical (domain: world af- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- fairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 13981 A1U Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: world 1989-10-03: Focus section. Newspaper affairs) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A1K Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 4198 words 1989-10-02: Listings section. News- from a periodical (domain: social sci- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- ence) 19-19). Sample containing about 1905 A1V Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-10-03: Foreign news pages. A1L Independent, electronic edition of Newspaper Publishing plc, London 94 12. List of works excerpted

(1989-19-19). Sample containing about A25 Independent, electronic edition of 23055 words from a periodical (do- 1989-10-04: Arts section. Newspaper main: world affairs) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A1W Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 3483 words 1989-10-03: Gazette section. News- from a periodical (domain: arts) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A26 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 3890 1989-10-04: Business section. News- words from a periodical (domain: world paper Publishing plc, London (1989- affairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 11335 A1X Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1989-10-03: Health pages. Newspaper merce) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A27 Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 3322 words 1989-10-04: Editorials. Newspaper from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). ence) Sample containing about 8731 words A1Y Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: world af- 1989-10-03: Home news pages. News- fairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A28 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 15707 1989-10-04: Foreign news pages. words from a periodical (domain: world Newspaper Publishing plc, London affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A20 Independent, electronic edition of 11560 words from a periodical (do- 1989-10-03: Listings section. News- main: world affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A29 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 1702 1989-10-04: Gazette section. News- words from a periodical (domain: arts) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A21 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 3427 1989-10-03: Business section. News- words from a periodical (domain: social paper Publishing plc, London (1989- science) 19-19). Sample containing about 1411 A2A Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1989-10-04: Home news pages. News- merce) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A22 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 15860 1989-10-03: Sport pages. Newspaper words from a periodical (domain: world Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). affairs) Sample containing about 8489 words A2B Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1989-10-04: Listings section. News- A23 Independent, electronic edition of paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 1989-10-03: Frontpages. Newspaper 19-19). Sample containing about 2064 Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). words from a periodical (domain: arts Sample containing about 2529 words A2C Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: world af- 1989-10-04: Living section. News- fairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A24 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 1989-10-04: Living section. News- 3404 words from a periodical (domain: paper Publishing plc, London (1989- leisure) 19-19). Sample containing about 3315 A2D Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-10-04: Media section. Newspa- 12. List of works excerpted 95

per Publishing plc, London (1989-19- world affairs) 19). Sample containing about 2729 A2N Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-10-05: Gazette section. News- A2E Independent, electronic edition of paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 1989-10-04: Sport pages. Newspaper 19-19). Sample containing about 2960 Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). words from a periodical (domain: world Sample containing about 13141 words affairs) from a periodical (domain: leisure) A2P Independent, electronic edition of A2F Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-05: Home news pages. News- 1989-10-04: Frontpages. Newspaper paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about 16233 Sample containing about 3261 words words from a periodical (domain: world from a periodical (domain: world af- news) fairs) A2R Independent, electronic edition of A2G Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-05: Listings section. News- 1989-10-05: Arts section. Newspaper paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about 2958 Sample containing about 6346 words words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: arts) A2S Independent, electronic edition of A2H Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-05: Sport pages. Newspaper 1989-10-05: Business section. News- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Sample containing about 14775 words 19-19). Sample containing about 12422 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: com- A2T Independent, electronic edition of merce) 1989-10-05: Frontpages. Newspaper A2J Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-05: Editorials. Newspaper Sample containing about 2922 words Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). from a periodical (domain: world af- Sample containing about 8653 words fairs) from a periodical (domain: world af- A2U Independent, electronic edition of fairs) 1989-10-06: Arts section. Newspaper A2K Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-05: Education section. News- Sample containing about 5708 words paper Publishing plc, London (1989- from a periodical (domain: arts) 19-19). Sample containing about 3053 A2V Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: social 1989-10-06: Business section. News- science) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A2L Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 11322 1989-10-05: Focus section. Newspaper words from a periodical (domain: com- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). merce) Sample containing about 4347 words A2W Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: social sci- 1989-10-06: Editorials. Newspaper ence) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A2M Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 8352 words 1989-10-05: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: belief and Newspaper Publishing plc, London thought) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A2X Independent, electronic edition of 9951 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-10-06: Foreign news pages. 96 12. List of works excerpted

Newspaper Publishing plc, London A37 Independent, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-10-07: Business section. News- 11339 words from a periodical (do- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- main: world affairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 9948 A2Y Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1989-10-06: Gazette section. News- merce) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A38 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 3689 1989-10-07: Motoring pages. News- words from a periodical (domain: world paper Publishing plc, London (1989- affairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 3254 A30 Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: ap- 1989-10-06: Home news pages. News- plied science) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A39 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 15718 1989-10-07: Antiques pages. News- words from a periodical (domain: world paper Publishing plc, London (1989- affairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 2355 A31 Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-10-06: Law section. Newspaper A3A Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-07: Editorials. Newspaper Sample containing about 3492 words Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). from a periodical (domain: social sci- Sample containing about 8750 words ence) from a periodical (domain: world af- A32 Independent, electronic edition of fairs) 1989-10-06: Listings section. News- A3B Independent, electronic edition of paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 1989-10-07: Focus section. Newspaper 19-19). Sample containing about 2418 Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). words from a periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 1964 words A33 Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: world af- 1989-10-06: Sport pages. Newspaper fairs) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A3C Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 13231 words 1989-10-07: Food pages. Newspaper from a periodical (domain: leisure) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A34 Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 8522 words 1989-10-06: Frontpages. Newspaper from a periodical (domain: leisure) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A3D Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 1991 words 1989-10-07: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: world af- Newspaper Publishing plc, London fairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A35 Independent, electronic edition of 9599 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-10-07: Arts section. Newspaper world affairs) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A3E Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 7456 words 1989-10-07: Gardening pages. News- from a periodical (domain: arts) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A36 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 1989-10-07: Book reviews. Newspaper 1858 words from a periodical (domain: Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). leisure) Sample containing about 6173 words A3F Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-10-07: Gazette section. News- 12. List of works excerpted 97

paper Publishing plc, London (1989- leisure) 19-19). Sample containing about 3382 A3R Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: social 1989-10-09: Arts section. Newspaper science) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A3G Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 4038 words 1989-10-07: Home news pages. News- from a periodical (domain: arts) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A3S Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 13774 1989-10-09: Business section. News- words from a periodical (domain: world paper Publishing plc, London (1989- affairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 10396 A3H Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1989-10-07: Listings section. News- merce) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A3T Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 1384 1989-10-09: Editorials. Newspaper words from a periodical (domain: arts) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A3J Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 8873 words 1989-10-07: Business section. News- from a periodical (domain: world af- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- fairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 4790 A3U Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1989-10-09: Foreign news pages. merce) Newspaper Publishing plc, London A3K Independent, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-10-07: Property section. News- 10423 words from a periodical (do- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- main: world affairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 3500 A3V Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1989-10-09: Gazette section. News- merce) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A3L Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 4251 1989-10-07: Sport pages. Newspaper words from a periodical (domain: world Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). affairs) Sample containing about 14886 words A3W Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1989-10-09: Home news pages. News- A3M Independent, electronic edition of paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 1989-10-07: Style section. Newspaper 19-19). Sample containing about 13113 Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). words from a periodical (domain: world Sample containing about 3007 words affairs) from a periodical (domain: leisure) A3X Independent, electronic edition of A3N Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-09: Living section. News- 1989-10-07: Frontpages. Newspaper paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about Sample containing about 6384 words 3327 words from a periodical (domain: from a periodical (domain: world af- leisure) fairs) A3Y Independent, electronic edition of A3P Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-09: Science section. News- 1989-10-07: Travel section. News- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 19-19). Sample containing about 4440 19-19). Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: natu- 8032 words from a periodical (domain: ral sciences) 98 12. List of works excerpted

A40 Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-09: Sport section. Newspaper Sample containing about 3041 words Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). from a periodical (domain: applied Sample containing about 14112 words science) from a periodical (domain: leisure) A49 Independent, electronic edition of A41 Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-10: Home news pages. News- 1989-10-09: Frontpages. Newspaper paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about 13841 Sample containing about 2525 words words from a periodical (domain: world from a periodical (domain: world af- affairs) fairs) A4A Independent, electronic edition of A42 Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-10: Listings section. News- 1989-10-10: Arts section. Newspaper paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about 4675 Sample containing about 3244 words words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: arts) A4B Independent, electronic edition of A43 Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-10: Sport section. Newspaper 1989-10-10: Business section. News- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Sample containing about 10588 words 19-19). Sample containing about 12571 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: com- A4C Independent, electronic edition of merce) 1989-10-10: Frontpages. Newspaper A44 Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-10: Editorials. Newspaper Sample containing about 2960 words Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). from a periodical (domain: world af- Sample containing about 8610 words fairs) from a periodical (domain: belief and A4D Independent, electronic edition of thought) 1989-10-11: Architecture section. A45 Independent, electronic edition of Newspaper Publishing plc, London 1989-10-10: Focus section. Newspaper (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 3167 words from a periodical (domain: Sample containing about 3441 words arts) from a periodical (domain: world af- A4E Independent, electronic edition of fairs) 1989-10-11: Arts section. Newspaper A46 Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-10: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 3939 words Newspaper Publishing plc, London from a periodical (domain: arts) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A4F Independent, electronic edition of 12823 words from a periodical (do- 1989-10-11: Business section. News- main: world affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A47 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 12628 1989-10-10: Gazette section. News- words from a periodical (domain: com- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- merce) 19-19). Sample containing about 3603 A4G Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: social 1989-10-11: Editorials. Newspaper science) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A48 Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 8853 words 1989-10-10: Health pages. Newspaper from a periodical (domain: belief and 12. List of works excerpted 99

thought) 1989-10-12: Arts section. Newspaper A4H Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-11: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 5849 words Newspaper Publishing plc, London from a periodical (domain: arts) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A4U Independent, electronic edition of 10445 words from a periodical (do- 1989-10-12: Editorials. Newspaper main: world affairs) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A4J Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 8534 words 1989-10-11: Gazette section. News- from a periodical (domain: world af- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- fairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 3744 A4V Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: world 1989-10-12: Education section. News- affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A4K Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 3949 1989-10-11: Home news pages. News- words from a periodical (domain: social paper Publishing plc, London (1989- science) 19-19). Sample containing about 16218 A4W Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: world 1989-10-12: Focus section. Newspaper affairs) Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). A4L Independent, electronic edition of Sample containing about 3910 words 1989-10-11: Listings section. News- from a periodical (domain: world af- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- fairs) 19-19). Sample containing about 3136 A4X Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-10-12: Foreign news pages. A4M Independent, electronic edition of Newspaper Publishing plc, London 1989-10-11: Living section. News- (1989-19-19). Sample containing about paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 12351 words from a periodical (do- 19-19). Sample containing about main: world affairs) 3246 words from a periodical (domain: A4Y Independent, electronic edition of leisure) 1989-10-12: Gazette section. News- A4N Independent, electronic edition of paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 1989-10-11: Media section. Newspa- 19-19). Sample containing about 3383 per Publishing plc, London (1989-19- words from a periodical (domain: world 19). Sample containing about 2679 affairs) words from a periodical (domain: world A50 Independent, electronic edition of affairs) 1989-10-12: Home news pages. News- A4P Independent, electronic edition of paper Publishing plc, London (1989- 1989-10-11: Sport section. Newspaper 19-19). Sample containing about 16997 Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). words from a periodical (domain: world Sample containing about 11295 words affairs) from a periodical (domain: leisure) A51 Independent, electronic edition of A4R Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-12: Listings section. News- 1989-10-11: Frontpages. Newspaper paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about 2041 Sample containing about 1947 words words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: world af- A52 Independent, electronic edition of fairs) 1989-10-12: Sport section. Newspaper A4S Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 100 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 12270 words ence) from a periodical (domain: leisure) A5B Independent, electronic edition of A53 Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-13: Listings section. News- 1989-10-12: Frontpages. Newspaper paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about Sample containing about 3882 words 3304 words from a periodical (domain: from a periodical (domain: world af- leisure) fairs) A5C Independent, electronic edition of A54 Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-13: Sport section. Newspaper 1989-10-13: Arts section. Newspaper Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 12167 words Sample containing about 5394 words from a periodical (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: arts) A5D Independent, electronic edition of A55 Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-13: Frontpages. Newspaper 1989-10-13: Business section. News- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Sample containing about 2771 words 19-19). Sample containing about 10930 from a periodical (domain: world af- words from a periodical (domain: com- fairs) merce) A5E Independent, electronic edition of A56 Independent, electronic edition of 1989-10-14: Arts section. Newspaper 1989-10-13: Editorials. Newspaper Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 5411 words Sample containing about 8362 words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: world af- A5F Independent, electronic edition of fairs) 1989-10-14: Book reviews. Newspaper A57 Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-13: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 5352 words Newspaper Publishing plc, London from a periodical (domain: arts) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A5G Independent, electronic edition of 11272 words from a periodical (do- 1989-10-14: Business section. News- main: world affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A58 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 10768 1989-10-13: Gazette section. News- words from a periodical (domain: com- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- merce) 19-19). Sample containing about 2859 A5H Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: world 1989-10-14: Motoring pages. News- affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A59 Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 1989-10-13: Home news pages. News- 3265 words from a periodical (domain: paper Publishing plc, London (1989- leisure) 19-19). Sample containing about 17915 A5J Independent, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: world 1989-10-14: Antiques pages. News- affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A5A Independent, electronic edition of 19-19). Sample containing about 1989-10-13: Law pages. Newspaper 2555 words from a periodical (domain: Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). leisure) Sample containing about 4673 words A5K Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: social sci- 1989-10-14: Editorials. Newspaper 12. List of works excerpted 101

Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 15794 words Sample containing about 8852 words from a periodical (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: world af- A5V Independent, electronic edition of fairs) 1989-10-14: Style section. Newspaper A5L Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-14: Food pages. Newspaper Sample containing about 2619 words Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). from a periodical (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 2983 words A5W Independent, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1989-10-14: Frontpages. Newspaper A5M Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-14: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 5468 words Newspaper Publishing plc, London from a periodical (domain: world af- (1989-19-19). Sample containing about fairs) 10040 words from a periodical (do- A5X Independent, electronic edition of main: world affairs) 1989-10-14: Travel pages. Newspaper A5N Independent, electronic edition of Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). 1989-10-14: Gardening pages. News- Sample containing about 7718 words paper Publishing plc, London (1989- from a periodical (domain: leisure) 19-19). Sample containing about A5Y Inside the RUC. Brewer, John and 2089 words from a periodical (domain: Magee, Kathleen, Clarendon Press, Ox- leisure) ford (1991). Sample containing about A5P Independent, electronic edition of 43791 words from a book (domain: 1989-10-14: Gazette section. News- world affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A60 KBS open learning MBA programme. 19-19). Sample containing about 3410 BPP Publishing Ltd, London (1989). words from a periodical (domain: world Sample containing about 16053 words affairs) of miscellanea (domain: commerce) A5R Independent, electronic edition of A61 Invasion. Millin, Bill, The Book Guild 1989-10-14: Home news pages. News- Ltd, Lewes, East Sussex (1991). Sam- paper Publishing plc, London (1989- ple containing about 45915 words from 19-19). Sample containing about 15741 a book (domain: world affairs) words from a periodical (domain: world A62 Media and voters. Miller, William L, affairs) Clarendon Press, Oxford (1991). Sam- A5S Independent, electronic edition of ple containing about 26366 words from 1989-10-14: Business section. News- a book (domain: world affairs) paper Publishing plc, London (1989- A63 National Insurance Statutory Sick Pay. 19-19). Sample containing about 7135 u.p.. Statutory Maternity Pay from 6 words from a periodical (domain: com- April 1991 for employers. Sample con- merce) taining about 7319 words of miscel- A5T Independent, electronic edition of lanea (domain: commerce) 1989-10-14: Property section. News- A64 One step backwards, two steps forward. paper Publishing plc, London (1989- Pethybridge, Roger, Clarendon Press, 19-19). Sample containing about 3622 Oxford (1990), 22-144. Sample con- words from a periodical (domain: com- taining about 42467 words from a book merce) (domain: world affairs) A5U Independent, electronic edition of A65 Outdoor Action. Hawker Consumer 1989-10-14: Sport section. Newspaper Publications, London (1991-08). Sam- Publishing plc, London (1989-19-19). ple containing about 34943 words from 102 12. List of works excerpted

a periodical (domain: leisure) book (domain: world affairs) A66 The people’s peace. Morgan, Ken- A6G Twentieth century British history. Ox- neth O, Oxford University Press, Ox- ford University Press, Oxford (1991), ford (1990), 397-517. Sample contain- 1-106. Sample containing about 45090 ing about 45354 words from a book (do- words from a periodical (domain: social main: world affairs) science) A67 [RAFA journal and miscellaneous A6J Three times table. Maitland, Sara, info]. Royal Air Force Association. Chatto & Windus Ltd, London (1990). Sample containing about 33454 words Sample containing about 37844 words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) from a book (domain: imaginative) A68 Michael Ramsey: a life. Chadwick, A6L Advice from the top. Oates, David and Owen, Oxford University Press, Oxford Ezra, Derek, David & Charles Publish- (1991). Sample containing about 49237 ers plc, Newton Abbot, Devon (1989). words from a book (domain: belief and Sample containing about 43526 words thought) from a book (domain: commerce) A69 Reflections of a statesman. Powell, A6M Africa’s way: a journey from the Enochselected by Rex Collings (ed.), past. Cockcroft, Laurence, I B Tauris & Bellew Publishing Company Ltd, Lon- Company Ltd, London (1990). Sample don (1991), 511-615. Sample contain- containing about 32518 words from a ing about 41550 words from a book (do- book (domain: world affairs) main: world affairs) A6N Amongst women. McGahern, J, Faber A6A file. York, Norton, Oxford & Faber Ltd, London (1990). Sample University Press, Oxford (1991). Sam- containing about 35177 words from a ple containing about 45133 words from book (domain: imaginative) a book (domain: arts) A6R Angler’s Mail. mixed, u.p.. Sample A6B The savage and the city in the work of containing about 28963 words from a T S Eliot. Crawford, Robert, Clarendon periodical (domain: leisure) Press, Oxford (1990). Sample contain- A6S Marxism and anthropology. Bloch, ing about 50030 words from a book (do- Maurice, Oxford University Press, Ox- main: arts) ford (1984), 1-96. Sample containing A6C Seeing in the dark. Breakwell, Ian, about 40258 words from a book (do- Hammond, Paul (eds.), Serpent’s Tail, main: social science) London (1990). Sample containing A6T Arctic odyssey: travelling Arctic Eu- about 33415 words from a book (do- rope. Sale, Richard and Oliver, main: leisure) Tony, The Crowood Press, Marlbor- A6D Sexual dissidence. Dollimore, ough, Wilts (1991). Sample containing Jonathan, Clarendon Press, Oxford about 44899 words from a book (do- (1991). Sample containing about 48246 main: leisure) words from a book (domain: arts) A6U Oxford Art Journal. Oxford University A6E I was a teenage sex pistol. Silver- Press, Oxford (1991). Sample contain- ton, Pete and Matlock, Glen, Omnibus ing about 27329 words from a periodi- Press, London (1990). Sample contain- cal (domain: arts) ing about 25648 words from a book (do- A6V Finding a voice: Asian women in main: arts) Britain. Wilson, Amrit, Virago Press A6F Thatcherism and British politics. Ka- Ltd, London (1988). Sample containing vanagh, Dennis, Oxford University about 44055 words from a book (do- Press, Oxford (1990), 209-319. Sample main: social science) containing about 38851 words from a A6W Autocar and Motor. Haymarket 12. List of works excerpted 103

Magazines Ltd, Teddington, Middlesex N, Collins, UK (1990). Sample con- (1990-10-10; 1990-03-1). Sample con- taining about 38705 words from a book taining about 31551 words from a peri- (domain: arts) odical (domain: leisure) A7D Country Living. The National Mag- A6X Autocar and Motor. Haymarket Mag- azine Company Ltd, London (1991- azines Ltd, Teddington, Middlesex 19-19). Sample containing about (1991-19-19). Sample containing about 42974 words from a periodical (do- 37898 words from a periodical (do- main: leisure) main: leisure) A7F Caterer & Hotelkeeper. Reed Publish- A6Y Sport and the British. Holt, Richard, ing Group, Sutton, Surrey (1991-01- Oxford University Press, Oxford 9725). Sample containing about 27546 (1989). Sample containing about 30750 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a book (domain: social science) science) A7G [Charity leaflets and letters]. u.p.. A70 Best. Periodical Publishers Assoc., Sample containing about 19719 words London (1991-04-11; 1991-01-9). of miscellanea (domain: social science) Sample containing about 36648 words A7H Charles and Diana. Junor, Penny, from a periodical (domain: leisure) Headline Book Publishing plc, London A73 The best man to die. Rendell, Ruth, Ar- (1991). Sample containing about 38700 row Books Ltd, London (1981). Sample words from a book (domain: world af- containing about 43208 words from a fairs) book (domain: imaginative) A7J The charnel house. McGrath, Ea- A74 Billy Bayswater. Watts, Nigel, Hod- monn, The Blackstaff Press Ltd, Belfast der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent (1990). Sample containing about 28317 (1990). Sample containing about 39697 words from a book (domain: imagina- words from a book (domain: imagina- tive) tive) A7K [Church magazines and leaflets]. u.p.. A75 Your body clock: how to live with Sample containing about 24874 words it. Waterhouse, J M, Waterhouse M of unpublished miscellanea (domain: E and Minors, D S, Oxford University belief and thought) Press, Oxford (1990). Sample contain- A7L British cinema: the lights that failed. ing about 34014 words from a book (do- Park, James, B T Batsford Ltd, London main: natural sciences) (1990). Sample containing about 42005 A77 A day in the life of the British Army. De- words from a book (domain: arts) war, Michael, David & Charles Publish- A7M Art in the Cold War. Lindey, Christine, ers plc, Newton Abbot, Devon (1990). The Herbert Press Ltd, London (1990). Sample containing about 40188 words Sample containing about 31840 words from a book (domain: social science) from a book (domain: arts) A79 Converting old buildings. Johnson, A7N Clothes Show. Redwood Publishing Alan, David & Charles Publishers plc, Company., London (1991-19-19). Sam- Newton Abbot, Devon (1988). Sample ple containing about 22548 words from containing about 38266 words from a a periodical (domain: leisure) book (domain: applied science) A7P Clothes Show. Redwood Publishing A7A Bury the dead. Carter, Peter, Oxford Company., London (1991-19-19). Sam- University Press, Oxford (1986). Sam- ple containing about 19001 words from ple containing about 36722 words from a periodical (domain: leisure) a book (domain: imaginative) A7S The Guardian, electronic edition of A7C C S Lewis: a biography. Wilson, A 1989-11-08: Arts section. Guardian 104 12. List of works excerpted

Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). world affairs) Sample containing about 5414 words A82 The Guardian, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-11-11: Applied Science pages. A7T The Guardian, electronic edition Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London of 1989-11-08: Business section. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 219 words from a periodical (domain: (1989-19-19). Sample containing about applied science) 8720 words from a periodical (domain: A83 The Guardian, electronic edition of commerce) 1989-11-11: Arts section. Guardian A7U The Guardian, electronic edition Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). of 1989-11-08: Business section. Sample containing about 7332 words Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London from a periodical (domain: arts) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A84 The Guardian, electronic edition of 300 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-11-11: Religious affairs stories. commerce) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A7V The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-11-08: Foreign news pages. 422 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London belief and thought) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A85 The Guardian, electronic edition 9092 words from a periodical (domain: of 1989-11-11: Business section. world affairs) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A7W The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-11-08: Home news pages. 10182 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: commerce) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A86 The Guardian, electronic edition 25255 words from a periodical (do- of 1989-11-11: Business section. main: world affairs) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A7X The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-11-08: Leisure pages. Guardian 850 words from a periodical (domain: Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). commerce) Sample containing about 753 words A87 The Guardian, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1989-11-11: Foreign news pages. A7Y The Guardian, electronic edition Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London of 1989-11-08: News and features. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 11395 words from a periodical (do- (1989-19-19). Sample containing about main: world affairs) 10862 words from a periodical (do- A88 The Guardian, electronic edition main: social science) of 1989-11-11: Home news pages. A80 The Guardian, electronic edition of Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 1989-11-08: Sport section. Guardian (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). 13648 words from a periodical (do- Sample containing about 10608 words main: world affairs) from a periodical (domain: leisure) A89 The Guardian, electronic edition of A81 The Guardian, electronic edition of 1989-11-11: Leisure pages. Guardian 1989-11-08: Foreign news pages. Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London Sample containing about 13926 words (1989-19-19). Sample containing about from a periodical (domain: leisure) 882 words from a periodical (domain: A8A The Guardian, electronic edition of 12. List of works excerpted 105

1989-11-11: Applied Science pages. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 8327 words from a periodical (domain: (1989-19-19). Sample containing about world affairs) 375 words from a periodical (domain: A8K The Guardian, electronic edition natural sciences) of 1989-11-23: Home news pages. A8B The Guardian, electronic edition Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London of 1989-11-11: News and features. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 23699 words from a periodical (do- (1989-19-19). Sample containing about main: world affairs) 2639 words from a periodical (domain: A8L The Guardian, electronic edition of social science) 1989-11-23: Leisure pages. Guardian A8C The Guardian, electronic edition of Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). 1989-11-11: Sport section. Guardian Sample containing about 1084 words Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). from a periodical (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 12441 words A8M The Guardian, electronic edition from a periodical (domain: leisure) of 1989-11-23: News and features. A8D The Guardian, electronic edition of Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 1989-11-11: Foreign news pages. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 3595 words from a periodical (domain: (1989-19-19). Sample containing about social science) 7228 words from a periodical (domain: A8N The Guardian, electronic edition of world affairs) 1989-11-23: Sport section. Guardian A8E The Guardian, electronic edition of Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). 1989-11-23: Applied Science pages. Sample containing about 12014 words Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A8P The Guardian, electronic edition of 5656 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-11-23: Foreign news pages. applied science) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A8F The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-11-23: Arts section. Guardian 2433 words from a periodical (domain: Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). world affairs) Sample containing about 18922 words A8R The Guardian, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: arts) 1989-12-07: Applied Science pages. A8G The Guardian, electronic edition Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London of 1989-11-23: Business section. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 6735 words from a periodical (domain: (1989-19-19). Sample containing about applied science) 3256 words from a periodical (domain: A8S The Guardian, electronic edition of commerce) 1989-12-07: Arts section. Guardian A8H The Guardian, electronic edition Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). of 1989-11-23: Business section. Sample containing about 1637 words Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London from a periodical (domain: arts) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A8T The Guardian, electronic edition of 8430 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-07: Religious affairs stories. commerce) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A8J The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-11-23: Foreign news pages. 671 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London belief and thought) 106 12. List of works excerpted

A8U The Guardian, electronic edition 1989-12-08: Arts section. Guardian of 1989-12-07: Business section. Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London Sample containing about 2350 words (1989-19-19). Sample containing about from a periodical (domain: arts) 8816 words from a periodical (domain: A94 The Guardian, electronic edition commerce) of 1989-12-08: Business section. A8V The Guardian, electronic edition Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London of 1989-12-07: Business section. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 10684 words from a periodical (do- (1989-19-19). Sample containing about main: commerce) 301 words from a periodical (domain: A95 The Guardian, electronic edition of commerce) 1989-12-08: Foreign news pages. A8W The Guardian, electronic edition of Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 1989-12-07: Foreign news pages. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 10542 words from a periodical (do- (1989-19-19). Sample containing about main: world affairs) 10614 words from a periodical (do- A96 The Guardian, electronic edition main: world affairs) of 1989-12-08: Home news pages. A8X The Guardian, electronic edition Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London of 1989-12-07: Home news pages. (1989-19-19). Sample containing about Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London 23618 words from a periodical (do- (1989-19-19). Sample containing about main: world affairs) 23519 words from a periodical (do- A97 The Guardian, electronic edition of main: world affairs) 1989-12-08: Leisure pages. Guardian A8Y The Guardian, electronic edition Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). of 1989-12-07: News and features. Sample containing about 864 words Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A98 The Guardian, electronic edition 5479 words from a periodical (domain: of 1989-12-08: News and features. social science) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A90 The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-07: Sport section. Guardian 6769 words from a periodical (domain: Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). social science) Sample containing about 12862 words A99 The Guardian, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1989-12-08: Sport section. Guardian A91 The Guardian, electronic edition of Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). 1989-12-07: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 10289 words Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A9A The Guardian, electronic edition of 2404 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-08: Foreign news pages. world affairs) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A92 The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-08: Applied Science pages. 2714 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A9B The Guardian, electronic edition of 6719 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-10: Applied Science pages. applied science) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A93 The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 12. List of works excerpted 107

69 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London applied science) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A9C The Guardian, electronic edition of 3823 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-10: Arts section. Guardian commerce) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). A9M The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 2969 words 1989-12-11: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: arts) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A9D The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-10: Business section. 11697 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A9N The Guardian, electronic edition 24288 words from a periodical (do- of 1989-12-11: Home news pages. main: commerce) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A9E The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-10: Foreign news pages. 12827 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A9P The Guardian, electronic edition of 18849 words from a periodical (do- 1989-12-11: Leisure pages. Guardian main: world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). A9F The Guardian, electronic edition Sample containing about 604 words of 1989-12-10: Home news pages. from a periodical (domain: leisure) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A9R The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-11: Sport section. Guardian 19346 words from a periodical (do- Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). main: world affairs) Sample containing about 14168 words A9G The Guardian, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1989-12-10: Leisure pages. Guardian A9S The Guardian, electronic edition of Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). 1989-12-11: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 286 words Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A9H The Guardian, electronic edition of 781 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-10: Sport section. Guardian world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). A9T The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 24757 words 1989-12-13: Arts section. Guardian from a periodical (domain: leisure) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). A9J The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 9034 words 1989-12-10: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: arts) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A9U The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-13: Business section. 3705 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about A9K The Guardian, electronic edition of 7356 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-11: Arts section. Guardian commerce) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). A9V The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 1021 words 1989-12-13: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: arts) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A9L The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-11: Business section. 7456 words from a periodical (domain: 108 12. List of works excerpted

world affairs) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London A9W The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-13: Home news pages. 19716 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AA6 The Guardian, electronic edition of 20264 words from a periodical (do- 1989-12-20: Leisure pages. Guardian main: world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). A9X The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 1320 words 1989-12-13: Leisure pages. Guardian from a periodical (domain: leisure) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AA7 The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 709 words 1989-12-20: Sport section. Guardian from a periodical (domain: leisure) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). A9Y The Guardian, electronic edition Sample containing about 9270 words of 1989-12-13: News and features. from a periodical (domain: leisure) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AA8 The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-20: Foreign news pages. 258 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London social science) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AA0 The Guardian, electronic edition of 17859 words from a periodical (do- 1989-12-13: Sport section. Guardian main: world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AA9 The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 10406 words 1989-12-21: Arts section. Guardian from a periodical (domain: leisure) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AA1 The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 18760 words 1989-12-13: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: arts) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AAA The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-21: Business section. 15407 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AA2 The Guardian, electronic edition of 6961 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-20: Arts section. Guardian commerce) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AAB The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 5088 words 1989-12-21: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: arts) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AA3 The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-20: Business section. 10209 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AAC The Guardian, electronic edition 9084 words from a periodical (domain: of 1989-12-21: Home news pages. commerce) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AA4 The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-20: Foreign news pages. 17588 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AAD The Guardian, electronic edition of 8542 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-21: Leisure pages. Guardian world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AA5 The Guardian, electronic edition Sample containing about 1333 words of 1989-12-20: Home news pages. from a periodical (domain: leisure) 12. List of works excerpted 109

AAE The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 9248 words 1989-12-21: Sport section. Guardian from a periodical (domain: leisure) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AAP The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 11606 words 1989-12-22: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: leisure) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AAF The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-21: Foreign news pages. 8525 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AAR The Guardian, electronic edition of 17101 words from a periodical (do- 1989-12-31: Arts section. Guardian main: world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AAG The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 2480 words 1989-12-22: Applied Science pages. from a periodical (domain: arts) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AAS The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-31: Business section. 5381 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London applied science) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AAH The Guardian, electronic edition of 10362 words from a periodical (do- 1989-12-22: Arts section. Guardian main: commerce) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AAT The Guardian, electronic edition of Sample containing about 6081 words 1989-12-31: Foreign news pages. from a periodical (domain: arts) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AAJ The Guardian, electronic edition (1989-19-19). Sample containing about of 1989-12-22: Business section. 7149 words from a periodical (domain: Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AAU The Guardian, electronic edition 7356 words from a periodical (domain: of 1989-12-31: Home news pages. commerce) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AAK The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-22: Foreign news pages. 10493 words from a periodical (do- Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London main: world affairs) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AAV The Guardian, electronic edition of 9768 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-31: Leisure pages. Guardian world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AAL The Guardian, electronic edition Sample containing about 21563 words of 1989-12-22: Home news pages. from a periodical (domain: leisure) Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London AAW The Guardian, electronic edition of (1989-19-19). Sample containing about 1989-12-31: Sport section. Guardian 21663 words from a periodical (do- Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). main: world affairs) Sample containing about 12409 words AAM The Guardian, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1989-12-22: Leisure pages. Guardian AAX The Guardian, electronic edition of Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). 1989-12-31: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 1878 words Guardian Newspapers Ltd, London from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1989-19-19). Sample containing about AAN The Guardian, electronic edition of 7623 words from a periodical (domain: 1989-12-22: Sport section. Guardian world affairs) Newspapers Ltd, London (1989-19-19). AAY Adkin. Harnel Heath Ltd (1992). Mov- 110 12. List of works excerpted

ing in Oxfordshire. Sample containing ple containing about 61978 words from about 10814 words of miscellanea (do- a periodical (domain: commerce) main: commerce) ABF The Economist. The Economist News- AB3 Blissed out. Reynolds, Simon, Ser- paper Ltd, London (1990-19-19). Sam- pent’s Tail, London (1990). Sample ple containing about 62136 words from containing about 36397 words from a a periodical (domain: commerce) book (domain: arts) ABG The Economist. The Economist News- AB4 The perfect English country house. paper Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- Lycett Green, Candida, Pavilion Books ple containing about 62186 words from Ltd, London (1991). Sample containing a periodical (domain: commerce) about 37535 words from a book (do- ABH The Economist. The Economist News- main: arts) paper Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- AB5 In other words . Juby, Kerry (ed.), Om- ple containing about 61979 words from nibus Press, London (1986). .. David a periodical (domain: commerce) Bowie. Sample containing about 38969 ABJ The Economist. The Economist News- words from a book (domain: arts) paper Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- AB6 Defending the world. Adamson, ple containing about 83150 words from David, I B Tauris & Company Ltd, Lon- a periodical (domain: commerce) don (1990). Sample containing about ABK The Economist. The Economist News- 39088 words from a book (domain: paper Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- world affairs) ple containing about 60672 words from AB9 Death of a partner. Neel, Janet, Con- a periodical (domain: commerce) stable & Company Ltd, London (1991). ABL Edward Thomas: a portrait. Thomas, Sample containing about 42247 words R George, Oxford University Press, Ox- from a book (domain: imaginative) ford (1987), 1-69. Sample containing ABA Britain’s defence dilemma. Jackson, about 34395 words from a book (do- General Sir William, B T Batsford Ltd, main: arts) London (1990). Sample containing ABM The empiricists. Woolhouse, R S, Ox- about 38309 words from a book (do- ford University Press, Oxford (1988). main: world affairs) Sample containing about 42727 words ABB Delicatessen: a celebration and cook- from a book (domain: belief and book. Moon, Rosemary, David & thought) Charles Publishers plc, Newton Ab- ABP Introduction to English law, 10th edi- bot, Devon (1989). Sample containing tion. Geldart, William and Yardley, D about 41497 words from a book (do- C M, Oxford University Press, Oxford main: leisure) (1991). Sample containing about 40394 ABC Dolphins: their life and survival. words from a book (domain: social sci- Donoghue, Michael and Wheeler, An- ence) nie, Blandford (Cassell plc), London ABR England versus West Indies. Cotter, (1990). Sample containing about 41587 Gerry, The Crowood Press, Marlbor- words from a book (domain: natural ough, Wilts (1991). Sample containing sciences) about 38778 words from a book (do- ABD The Economist. The Economist News- main: leisure) paper Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- ABS Esquire. The National Magazine Com- ple containing about 57353 words from pany Ltd, London (1991-04). Sample a periodical (domain: commerce) containing about 57427 words from a ABE The Economist. The Economist News- periodical (domain: arts) paper Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- ABU Ministers decide. Fowler, Nor- 12. List of works excerpted 111

man, Chapmans Publishers Ltd, Lon- about 34283 words from a book (do- don (1991). Sample containing about main: imaginative) 35295 words from a book (domain: AC9 Science and the past. Bowman, Sheri- world affairs) dan (ed.), British Museum Press, Lon- ABV I believe. Carey, George, SPCK, Lon- don (1991). Sample containing about don (1991). Sample containing about 40786 words from a book (domain: ap- 39020 words from a book (domain: be- plied science) lief and thought) ACA The masks of death. Cecil, Robert, The ABW Jane’s journey. Bow, Jean, The Book Book Guild Ltd, Lewes, East Sussex Guild Ltd, Lewes, East Sussex (1991). (1991). Sample containing about 30791 Sample containing about 35460 words words from a book (domain: belief and from a book (domain: imaginative) thought) ABX Jubilee wood. Hassall, Angela, Ox- ACB The lock. Gates, Susan, Oxford Uni- ford University Press, Oxford (1989). versity Press, Oxford (1990). Sample Sample containing about 39208 words containing about 43194 words from a from a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: imaginative) AC0 Running out of excuses. Cam- ACE Willoughby’s phoney war. Fox, paign for Labour Representation in NI, William, The Book Guild Ltd, Lewes, Belfast/London (1991). Sample con- East Sussex (1991). Sample containing taining about 6700 words from a peri- about 39188 words from a book (do- odical (domain: world affairs) main: imaginative) AC2 Man at the sharp end. Kilby, M, The ACG Lo and behold!. Dennis, Trevor, Book Guild Ltd, Lewes, East Sussex SPCK, London (1991). Sample con- (1991). Sample containing about 37622 taining about 37066 words from a book words from a book (domain: imagina- (domain: belief and thought) tive) ACH Britain on the breadline. Laybourn, AC3 Misfortunes of Nigel. Pitt-Kethley, Keith, Alan Sutton Publishing Ltd, Fiona, P Owen (1991), 67-173. Sample Gloucester (1990). Sample containing containing about 38603 words from a about 38381 words from a book (do- book (domain: imaginative) main: social science) AC4 On . Cross, Gillian, Oxford ACJ Principles of criminal law. Ashworth, University Press, Oxford (1989), 66- Andrew, Oxford University Press, Ox- 170. Sample containing about 36549 ford (1991). Sample containing about words from a book (domain: imagina- 37678 words from a book (domain: so- tive) cial science) AC5 Paper faces. Anderson, Rachel, Ox- ACK Dandelion days. Howell, Bette, Chap- ford University Press, Oxford (1991), mans Publishers Ltd, London (1991). 1-116. Sample containing about 37671 Sample containing about 42304 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: imaginative) tive) ACL Through the devil’s gateway. Archer, AC6 A poet could not but be gay. Kirkup, L J, Joseph, A, et al, Byrne, L and James, Peter Owen Publishers, London Gombrich, S G, SPCK, London (1990). (1991). Sample containing about 41199 Sample containing about 37392 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: belief and tive) thought) AC7 The reluctant Samaritan. Beechey, ACM Dogs Today. Burlington Publish- Winifred, Oxford University Press, Ox- ing Company Ltd, Windsor (1992-02). ford (1991), 1-131. Sample containing Sample containing about 23966 words 112 12. List of works excerpted

from a periodical (domain: leisure) AD7 Great races. Magee, Sean, Anaya Pub- ACN The Face. Nick Logan, London (1990- lishers Ltd, London (1990). Sample 19-19). Sample containing about 43175 containing about 25559 words from a words from a periodical (domain: arts) book (domain: leisure) ACP The Face. Nick Logan, London (1990- AD9 Hermetech. Constantine, Storm, Head- 19-19). Sample containing about 43726 line Book Publishing plc, London words from a periodical (domain: arts) (1991). Sample containing about 42247 ACR Farmers’ Weekly. Reed Business Pub- words from a book (domain: imagina- lishing Group, Haywards Heath, Sus- tive) sex (1991-01-9726). Sample containing ADA Hide and seek. Potter, Dennis, Faber about 63472 words from a periodical & Faber Ltd, London (1990). Sample (domain: applied science) containing about 40281 words from a ACS The fifties: portrait of an age. Lewis, book (domain: imaginative) Peter, The Herbert Press Ltd, London ADB Friends in high places. Paxman, (1989). Sample containing about 40845 Jeremy, Michael Joseph Ltd, London words from a book (domain: leisure) (1990). Sample containing about 36091 ACV The forest of the night. Kelly, words from a book (domain: world af- Chris, Oxford University Press, Oxford fairs) (1991), 2-105. Sample containing about ADC The Oxford illustrated history of 32816 words from a book (domain: Christianity. McManners, John (ed.), imaginative) Oxford University Press, Oxford ACW Frankie. Highsmith, Domini, Bantam (1990). Sample containing about 36417 (Corgi), London (1990). Sample con- words from a book (domain: belief and taining about 32090 words from a book thought) (domain: imaginative) ADD The Hitler myth. Kershaw, Ian, Oxford ACX Gardeners’ World. Redwood Publish- University Press, Oxford (1989). Sam- ing Company., London (1991-19-19). ple containing about 43192 words from Sample containing about 38449 words a book (domain: world affairs) from a periodical (domain: natural sci- ADE How many times can you say good- ences) bye?. Pardoe, Jenifer, SPCK, London ACY The Gardener. Maxwell Consumer (1991). Sample containing about 28174 Magazines, London (1991-03). Sample words from a book (domain: belief and containing about 22853 words from a thought) periodical (domain: leisure) ADF Understanding horses. Langley, AD0 Get slim and stay slim. Ashcroft, Jen- Garda, David & Charles Publishers plc, nifer J, Oxford University Press, Oxford Newton Abbot, Devon (1989). Sample (1989). Sample containing about 34221 containing about 36847 words from a words from a book (domain: natural book (domain: leisure) sciences) ADG How do I look?. Dawson, Jill, Virago AD1 Gentleman and ladies. Hill, Susan, Press Ltd, London (1990). Sample con- Hamish Hamilton Ltd, London (1969), taining about 33828 words from a book 5-138. Sample containing about 43055 (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: imagina- ADH Interpreting the past: coins. Burnett, tive) Andrew, British Museum Press, Lon- AD2 God save Ulster!. Bruce, S, Oxford don (1991). Sample containing about University Press, Oxford (1990). Sam- 22878 words from a book (domain: ple containing about 36359 words from leisure) a book (domain: world affairs) ADK Making an impact. Thomas, Harvey 12. List of works excerpted 113

and Gill, Liz, David & Charles Publish- from a book (domain: social science) ers plc, Newton Abbot, Devon (1989). AE6 The nonconformists. Munson, James, Sample containing about 37205 words SPCK, London (1991). Sample con- from a book (domain: commerce) taining about 39990 words from a book ADL Lives, lies and the Iran-Contra affair. (domain: world affairs) Wroe, Ann, I B Tauris & Company AE7 The problems of biology. Maynard Ltd, London (1991). Sample containing Smith, John, Oxford University Press, about 39749 words from a book (do- Oxford (1989). Sample containing main: world affairs) about 37136 words from a book (do- ADM Jaunting through Ireland. Kerridge, main: natural sciences) Roy, Michael Joseph Ltd, London AE8 Roads that move. Perrie, Walter, Main- (1991). Sample containing about 40848 stream Publishing Company Ltd, Edin- words from a book (domain: social sci- burgh (1991). Sample containing about ence) 41180 words from a book (domain: ADP Conversations with Karajan. Osborne, leisure) Richard, Oxford University Press, Ox- AE9 The royal forests of England. Grant, ford (1991), 2-147. Sample containing Raymond, Alan Sutton Publishing Ltd, about 37578 words from a book (do- Gloucester (1991). Sample containing main: arts) about 39138 words from a book (do- ADR Kylie Minogue: the superstar next main: world affairs) door. Stone, Sasha, Omnibus Press, AEA Tomorrow. Taylor, Elizabeth Rus- London (1989), 4-96. Sample contain- sell, Peter Owen Publishers, London ing about 38811 words from a book (do- (1991), 52-137. Sample containing main: leisure) about 27586 words from a book (do- ADS Lady’s maid. Forster, Margaret, Chatto main: imaginative) & Windus Ltd, London (1990). Sample AEB A twist of fate. Scobie, Pamela, Oxford containing about 34992 words from a University Press, Oxford (1990), 49- book (domain: imaginative) 153. Sample containing about 34577 ADW Libyan politics: tribe and revolution. words from a book (domain: imagina- Davis, John, I B Tauris & Company tive) Ltd, London (1987). Sample containing AH9 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of about 39339 words from a book (do- 1992-04-04: Applied Science pages. main: social science) The Daily Telegraph plc, London ADX Logic and design. Barratt, Krome, (1992-19-19). Sample containing about The Herbert Press Ltd, London (1989). 402 words from a periodical (domain: Sample containing about 35202 words applied science) from a book (domain: arts) AHA Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of ADY Longshot. Francis, Dick, Michael 1992-04-04: Arts section. The Daily Joseph Ltd, London (1990). Sample Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). containing about 39361 words from a Sample containing about 27230 words book (domain: imaginative) from a periodical (domain: arts) AE0 Lying together. Thomas, D M, Victor AHB Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Gollancz Ltd, London (1990). Sample 1992-04-04: Business section. The containing about 41886 words from a Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- book (domain: imaginative) 19). Sample containing about 17314 AE4 Mary Queen of Scots. Wormald, Jenny, words from a periodical (domain: com- Collins & Brown Ltd, London (1991). merce) Sample containing about 38212 words AHC Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 114 12. List of works excerpted

1992-04-04: Leisure pages. The Daily 2552 words from a periodical (domain: Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). natural sciences) Sample containing about 39523 words AHM Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1992-04-05: News and features. The AHD Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-04: Applied Science pages. 19). Sample containing about 2682 The Daily Telegraph plc, London words from a periodical (domain: social (1992-19-19). Sample containing about science) 4236 words from a periodical (domain: AHN Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of natural sciences) 1992-04-05: Foreign news pages. The AHE Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-04: News and features. The 19). Sample containing about 46424 Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- words from a periodical (domain: world 19). Sample containing about 1236 affairs) words from a periodical (domain: social AHP Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of science) 1992-04-06: Applied Science pages. AHF Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of The Daily Telegraph plc, London 1992-04-04: Foreign news pages. The (1992-19-19). Sample containing about Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 3177 words from a periodical (domain: 19). Sample containing about 27457 applied science) words from a periodical (domain: world AHR Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of affairs) 1992-04-06: Arts section. The Daily AHG Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-05: Arts section. The Daily Sample containing about 7647 words Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). from a periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 29950 words AHS Daily Telegraph, electronic edition from a periodical (domain: arts) of 1992-04-06: Religious affairs sto- AHH Daily Telegraph, electronic edition ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London of 1992-04-05: Religious affairs sto- (1992-19-19). Sample containing about ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London 325 words from a periodical (domain: (1992-19-19). Sample containing about belief and thought) 97 words from a periodical (domain: AHT Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of belief and thought) 1992-04-06: Business section. The AHJ Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-05: Business section. The 19). Sample containing about 16894 Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- words from a periodical (domain: com- 19). Sample containing about 21655 merce) words from a periodical (domain: com- AHU Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of merce) 1992-04-06: Leisure pages. The Daily AHK Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-05: Leisure pages. The Daily Sample containing about 36688 words Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). from a periodical (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 39486 words AHV Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1992-04-06: Applied Science pages. AHL Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of The Daily Telegraph plc, London 1992-04-05: Applied Science pages. (1992-19-19). Sample containing about The Daily Telegraph plc, London 1759 words from a periodical (domain: (1992-19-19). Sample containing about natural sciences) 12. List of works excerpted 115

AHW Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-06: News and features. The 19). Sample containing about 3366 Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992- words from a periodical (domain: social 19-19). Sample containing about 830 science) words from a periodical (domain: social AJ6 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of science) 1992-04-07: Foreign news pages. The AHX Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-06: Foreign news pages. The 19). Sample containing about 24148 Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- words from a periodical (domain: world 19). Sample containing about 32862 affairs) words from a periodical (domain: world AJ7 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of affairs) 1992-04-08: Applied Science pages. AHY Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of The Daily Telegraph plc, London 1992-04-07: Applied Science pages. (1992-19-19). Sample containing about The Daily Telegraph plc, London 609 words from a periodical (domain: (1992-19-19). Sample containing about applied science) 6251 words from a periodical (domain: AJ8 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of applied science) 1992-04-08: Arts section. The Daily AJ0 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-07: Arts section. The Daily Sample containing about 10932 words Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). from a periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 5551 words AJ9 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: arts) 1992-04-08: Business section. The AJ1 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-07: Religious affairs sto- 19). Sample containing about 14332 ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London words from a periodical (domain: com- (1992-19-19). Sample containing about merce) 404 words from a periodical (domain: AJA Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of belief and thought) 1992-04-08: Leisure pages. The Daily AJ2 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-07: Business section. The Sample containing about 28477 words Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- from a periodical (domain: leisure) 19). Sample containing about 14606 AJB Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1992-04-08: Applied Science pages. merce) The Daily Telegraph plc, London AJ3 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 1992-04-07: Leisure pages. The Daily 2593 words from a periodical (domain: Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). natural sciences) Sample containing about 18799 words AJC Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1992-04-08: News and features. The AJ4 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992- 1992-04-07: Applied Science pages. 19-19). Sample containing about 503 The Daily Telegraph plc, London words from a periodical (domain: social (1992-19-19). Sample containing about science) 968 words from a periodical (domain: AJD Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of natural sciences) 1992-04-08: Foreign news pages. The AJ5 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-07: News and features. The 19). Sample containing about 29348 116 12. List of works excerpted

words from a periodical (domain: world AJN Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of affairs) 1992-04-10: Arts section. The Daily AJE Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-09: Applied Science pages. Sample containing about 10039 words The Daily Telegraph plc, London from a periodical (domain: arts) (1992-19-19). Sample containing about AJP Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 544 words from a periodical (domain: 1992-04-10: Business section. The applied science) Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- AJF Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 19). Sample containing about 10177 1992-04-09: Arts section. The Daily words from a periodical (domain: com- Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). merce) Sample containing about 6472 words AJR Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: arts) 1992-04-10: Leisure pages. The Daily AJG Daily Telegraph, electronic edition Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). of 1992-04-09: Religious affairs sto- Sample containing about 13442 words ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1992-19-19). Sample containing about AJS Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 612 words from a periodical (domain: 1992-04-10: Applied Science pages. belief and thought) The Daily Telegraph plc, London AJH Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 1992-04-09: Business section. The 1126 words from a periodical (domain: Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- natural sciences) 19). Sample containing about 11711 AJT Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1992-04-10: News and features. The merce) Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- AJJ Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 19). Sample containing about 2583 1992-04-09: Leisure pages. The Daily words from a periodical (domain: social Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). science) Sample containing about 17907 words AJU Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1992-04-10: Foreign news pages. The AJK Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-09: Applied Science pages. 19). Sample containing about 29779 The Daily Telegraph plc, London words from a periodical (domain: world (1992-19-19). Sample containing about affairs) 2013 words from a periodical (domain: AJV Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of natural sciences) 1992-04-11: Arts section. The Daily AJL Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-09: News and features. The Sample containing about 21418 words Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- from a periodical (domain: arts) 19). Sample containing about 2524 AJW Daily Telegraph, electronic edition words from a periodical (domain: social of 1992-04-11: Religious affairs sto- science) ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London AJM Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 1992-04-09: Foreign news pages. The 864 words from a periodical (domain: Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- belief and thought) 19). Sample containing about 26064 AJX Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: world 1992-04-11: Business section. The affairs) Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 12. List of works excerpted 117

19). Sample containing about 15255 AK8 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1992-04-12: News and features. The merce) Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- AJY Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 19). Sample containing about 2979 1992-04-11: Leisure pages. The Daily words from a periodical (domain: social Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). science) Sample containing about 42360 words AK9 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1992-04-12: Foreign news pages. The AK0 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-11: Applied Science pages. 19). Sample containing about 40731 The Daily Telegraph plc, London words from a periodical (domain: world (1992-19-19). Sample containing about affairs) 588 words from a periodical (domain: AKA Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of natural sciences) 1992-04-13: Applied Science pages. AK1 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of The Daily Telegraph plc, London 1992-04-11: News and features. The (1992-19-19). Sample containing about Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992- 853 words from a periodical (domain: 19-19). Sample containing about 775 applied science) words from a periodical (domain: social AKB Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of science) 1992-04-13: Arts section. The Daily AK2 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-11: Foreign news pages. The Sample containing about 8031 words Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- from a periodical (domain: arts) 19). Sample containing about 27255 AKC Daily Telegraph, electronic edition words from a periodical (domain: world of 1992-04-13: Religious affairs sto- affairs) ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London AK3 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 1992-04-12: Applied Science pages. 438 words from a periodical (domain: The Daily Telegraph plc, London belief and thought) (1992-19-19). Sample containing about AKD Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 609 words from a periodical (domain: 1992-04-13: Business section. The applied science) Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- AK4 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of 19). Sample containing about 20881 1992-04-12: Arts section. The Daily words from a periodical (domain: com- Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). merce) Sample containing about 30028 words AKE Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: arts) 1992-04-13: Leisure pages. The Daily AK6 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-12: Leisure pages. The Daily Sample containing about 36253 words Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). from a periodical (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 41505 words AKF Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1992-04-13: Applied Science pages. AK7 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of The Daily Telegraph plc, London 1992-04-12: Applied Science pages. (1992-19-19). Sample containing about The Daily Telegraph plc, London 2277 words from a periodical (domain: (1992-19-19). Sample containing about natural sciences) 552 words from a periodical (domain: AKG Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of natural sciences) 1992-04-13: News and features. The 118 12. List of works excerpted

Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992- words from a periodical (domain: world 19-19). Sample containing about 701 affairs) words from a periodical (domain: social AKS Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of science) 1992-04-16: Arts section. The Daily AKH Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-13: Foreign news pages. The Sample containing about 7393 words Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- from a periodical (domain: arts) 19). Sample containing about 20654 AKT Daily Telegraph, electronic edition words from a periodical (domain: world of 1992-04-16: Religious affairs sto- affairs) ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London AKJ Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 1992-04-15: Arts section. The Daily 960 words from a periodical (domain: Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). belief and thought) Sample containing about 10840 words AKU Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: arts) 1992-04-16: Business section. The AKK Daily Telegraph, electronic edition Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- of 1992-04-15: Religious affairs sto- 19). Sample containing about 15298 ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London words from a periodical (domain: com- (1992-19-19). Sample containing about merce) 530 words from a periodical (domain: AKV Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of belief and thought) 1992-04-16: Leisure pages. The Daily AKL Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-15: Business section. The Sample containing about 19767 words Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- from a periodical (domain: leisure) 19). Sample containing about 14321 AKW Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of words from a periodical (domain: com- 1992-04-16: Applied Science pages. merce) The Daily Telegraph plc, London AKM Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 1992-04-15: Leisure pages. The Daily 585 words from a periodical (domain: Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). natural sciences) Sample containing about 31040 words AKX Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of from a periodical (domain: leisure) 1992-04-16: News and features. The AKN Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-15: Applied Science pages. 19). Sample containing about 3577 The Daily Telegraph plc, London words from a periodical (domain: social (1992-19-19). Sample containing about science) 1127 words from a periodical (domain: AKY Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of natural sciences) 1992-04-16: Foreign news pages. The AKP Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- 1992-04-15: News and features. The 19). Sample containing about 22488 Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- words from a periodical (domain: world 19). Sample containing about 2516 affairs) words from a periodical (domain: social AL0 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of science) 1992-04-17: Arts section. The Daily AKR Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). 1992-04-15: Foreign news pages. The Sample containing about 5143 words Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- from a periodical (domain: arts) 19). Sample containing about 21777 AL1 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition 12. List of works excerpted 119

of 1992-04-17: Religious affairs sto- applied science) ries. The Daily Telegraph plc, London ALA The part-time holding. Grant, J S, (1992-19-19). Sample containing about The Arkleton Trust, Langholm, Dum- 323 words from a periodical (domain: friesshire (1981), 6-25. Sample con- belief and thought) taining about 7670 words of miscel- AL2 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of lanea (domain: applied science) 1992-04-17: Business section. The ALB Popular education for change. Ren- Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- nie, Frank, The Arkleton Trust, Enstone 19). Sample containing about 9361 (1981), 9-40. Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: com- 11179 words of miscellanea (domain: merce) applied science) AL3 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of ALC Effective training for family and 1992-04-17: Leisure pages. The Daily part-time farmers. Birkbeck, David, Telegraph plc, London (1992-19-19). The Arkleton Trust, Langholm, Dum- Sample containing about 39092 words friesshire (1985), 9-96. Sample con- from a periodical (domain: leisure) taining about 28812 words of miscel- AL4 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of lanea (domain: applied science) 1992-04-17: Applied Science pages. ALE Small is beautiful in education too. The Daily Telegraph plc, London Morris, John G, The Arkleton Trust, (1992-19-19). Sample containing about Langholm, Dumfriesshire (1981), 1-17. 281 words from a periodical (domain: Sample containing about 6280 words of natural sciences) miscellanea (domain: applied science) AL5 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of ALF Disadvantaged rural Europe. Moore, 1992-04-17: News and features. The David, The Arkleton Trust, Langholm, Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- Dumfriesshire (1979), 1-34. Sample 19). Sample containing about 2523 containing about 11362 words of mis- words from a periodical (domain: social cellanea (domain: applied science) science) ALG The agricultural potential of marginal AL6 Daily Telegraph, electronic edition of areas. Cunningham, J M M, The Arkle- 1992-04-17: Foreign news pages. The ton Trust, Langholm, Dumfriesshire Daily Telegraph plc, London (1992-19- (1981). Sample containing about 4890 19). Sample containing about 22502 words of miscellanea (domain: applied words from a periodical (domain: world science) affairs) ALH An alternative assembly book. Hoy, AL7 [Leaflets advertising services]. u.p.. Mike and Hoy, Linda, Longman Group Sample containing about 5894 words of UK Ltd, Harlow (1991). Sample con- miscellanea (domain: commerce) taining about 36013 words from a book AL8 Adult education and social pur- (domain: social science) pose. White, G J and Williams, V, ALJ Bad dreams. Newman, Kim, Simon & Graham-Cameron Publishing, Cam- Schuster Ltd, London (1990), 108-207. bridge (1988). Sample containing about Sample containing about 29438 words 41914 words from a book (domain: from a book (domain: imaginative) world affairs) ALK Richard Baxter 1615-1691. Owen, AL9 Rural development in Lewis and Har- Stuart, Owen Publications, Kiddermin- ris. Abercrombie, Keith, The Arkle- ster (1991). Sample containing about ton Trust, Langholm, Dumfriesshire 17238 words of miscellanea (domain: (1981), 3-21. Sample containing about world affairs) 7145 words of miscellanea (domain: ALL Bell in the tree. Chisnall, Edward, 120 12. List of works excerpted

Mainstream Publishing Company Ltd, London (1990), 5-103. Sample con- Edinburgh (1989). The Glasgow story. taining about 36266 words from a book Sample containing about 41743 words (domain: world affairs) from a book (domain: world affairs) AM0 Club 18-30 summer holiday brochure ALM British journal of social work. Oxford 1990. ILG Travel Ltd (1990-19-19). University Press, Oxford (1991-19-19). Sample containing about 34489 words Sample containing about 32585 words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: social sci- AM1 Cosmeston Medieval Village. ence) Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological, ALN British journal of social work. Oxford Swansea (1988), 1-20. Sample contain- University Press, Oxford (1991). Sam- ing about 2883 words of miscellanea ple containing about 23700 words from (domain: world affairs) a periodical (domain: social science) AM2 Cotswold Wildlife Park. Cotswold ALP British journal of social work. Oxford Wildlife Park, Burford (1992). Sample University Press, Oxford (1991-19-19). containing about 9436 words of miscel- Sample containing about 25632 words lanea (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: social sci- AM4 The dirty man of Europe. Rose, ence) Chris, Simon & Schuster Ltd, Lon- ALS Captain Pugwash and the huge re- don (1990), 76-157. Sample containing ward. Ryan, John, Gungarden Books, about 41841 words from a book (do- Rye, East Sussex (1991), 4-43. Sam- main: world affairs) ple containing about 4506 words from a AM5 Do It Yourself. Link House Magazines book (domain: imaginative) Ltd, Milton Keynes (1992-02). Sample ALT Charlemagne: founder of the Holy Ro- containing about 30227 words from a man Empire. Stewart, Bob, Firebird periodical (domain: leisure) Books Ltd, Poole (1988), 5-46. Sample AM6 Drama as education. Bolton, Gavin, containing about 14367 words from a Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow book (domain: world affairs) (1988), 42-139. Sample containing ALU The Chelsea gardener. Le Rougetel, about 33630 words from a book (do- Hazel, Natural History Museum Publi- main: social science) cations, London (1990), 13-124. Sam- AM7 Education management for the 1990s. ple containing about 37093 words from Osborne, Allan, Davies, Brent, West- a book (domain: world affairs) Burnham, John and Ellison, Linda, ALV Chemistry in Britain. Royal Society of Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow Chemistry, London (1992-01). Sample (1990), 1-91. Sample containing about containing about 46562 words from a 29230 words from a book (domain: periodical (domain: natural sciences) commerce) ALW Chemistry in Britain. Royal Society AM8 The best future for Britain. Conser- of Chemistry, London (1992). Sample vative Central Office, London (1992), containing about 59658 words from a 1-50. Sample containing about 30316 periodical (domain: natural sciences) words from a periodical (domain: world ALX Chief Joseph: guardian of the Nez affairs) Perce. Hook, Jason, Firebird Books AM9 Changing Britain for good. Lib- Ltd, Poole (1989), 5-46. Sample con- eral Democrat Publications, Dorchester taining about 19365 words from a book (1992), 2-51. Sample containing about (domain: world affairs) 18348 words from a periodical (do- ALY Glimpses of Chiswick’s place in his- main: world affairs) tory. Roe, William P, Alwyn Press, AMA It’s time to get Britain working again. 12. List of works excerpted 121

The Labour Party, London (1992), 3-28. AMR The Great Central Railway north of Sample containing about 12767 words Nottingham. Kaye, A R, Terminus Pub- from a periodical (domain: world af- lications, Chesterfield (1991). Sample fairs) containing about 8133 words of miscel- AMB The adventures of Endill Swift. Mc- lanea (domain: world affairs) Donald, Stuart, Canongate Publishing AMS Global ecology. Tudge, Colin, Natural Ltd, Edinburgh (1990), 9-116. Sample History Museum Publications, London containing about 33351 words from a (1991), 1-98. Sample containing about book (domain: imaginative) 37927 words from a book (domain: ap- AMC Enigma variations. Young, Irene, plied science) Mainstream Publishing Company Ltd, AMT Does God exist?. Corner, Mark, Edinburgh (1990), 61-168. Sample con- The Bristol Press, Bristol (1991), 4- taining about 41990 words from a book 109. Sample containing about 33539 (domain: world affairs) words from a book (domain: belief and AMD Enterprise lakes and mountains. En- thought) terprise Lakes & Mountains (1990-19- AMU Alistair MacLean’s golden girl. Gan- 19). Sample containing about 45472 dolfi, Simon, Chapmans Publishers Ltd, words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) London (1992), 57-175. Sample con- AMG The evolution of human conscious- taining about 39697 words from a book ness. Crook, John H, Oxford University (domain: imaginative) Press, Oxford (1985), 1-91. Sample AMW HCI club holidays. Horizon Holi- containing about 39013 words from a days Ltd (1990-19-19). Sample con- book (domain: applied science) taining about 27471 words of miscel- AMH A guide to exporting. MW Publica- lanea (domain: leisure) tions Ltd, Belfast, 1-53. Sample con- AMX McDonald’s food: the facts. u.p.. taining about 15618 words from a peri- Sample containing about 2639 words of odical (domain: commerce) miscellanea (domain: natural sciences) AMK Against a federal Europe. Cash, AMY Henley Golf Club – the first 80 years. William, Gerald Duckworth & Com- Henley Golf Club, Henley-on-Thames, pany Ltd, London (1991), 14-118. Oxon (1986), 1-80. Sample containing Sample containing about 41864 words about 34287 words of miscellanea (do- from a book (domain: world affairs) main: world affairs) AML Flora of the Outer Hebrides. Mullin, AN0 The intelligence game. Rusbridger, J M and Pankhurst, R J, Natural History James, I B Tauris & Company Ltd, Lon- Museum Publications, London (1991), don (1991), 11-84. Sample containing 3-61. Sample containing about 30001 about 36678 words from a book (do- words from a book (domain: applied main: world affairs) science) AN1 LM potencies. Barker, Robert AMM Fossils: the key to the past. Fortey, (ed.)Tomlinson, John, Schore, R M and Richard, Natural History Museum Pub- Dey, S P, The Homeopathic Supply lications, London (1991), 52-123. Sam- Company, Norfolk (1991). Sample ple containing about 39563 words from containing about 16143 words of mis- a book (domain: natural sciences) cellanea (domain: applied science) AMN Foxton: locks and barge life. Gardner, AN2 Know your Land Rover. Ivins, Robert, Peter and Foden, Frank, Leicestershire LRO Books Ltd, Diss, Norfolk (1991), County Council, Leicester (1982), 1-40. 5-88. Sample containing about 35724 Sample containing about 19744 words words from a book (domain: leisure) of miscellanea (domain: world affairs) AN3 Latin American society. Cubitt, Tessa, 122 12. List of works excerpted

Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: commerce) (1988), 85-183. Sample containing ANF Modigliani. Rose, June, Constable & about 39788 words from a book (do- Company Ltd, London (1990), 94-213. main: world affairs) Sample containing about 33738 words AN4 Mary Leapor: a study in eighteenth- from a book (domain: arts) century women’s . Greene, ANH The morality of freedom. Raz, Richard, Clarendon Press, Oxford Joseph, Oxford University Press, Ox- (1993). Sample containing about 54670 ford (1986), 38-131. Sample containing words from a book (domain: arts) about 35233 words from a book (do- AN5 The legal context of teaching. John- main: belief and thought) stone, Susan, Pearce, Penelope and Har- ANJ Mozart: prodigy of nature. Rigbie ris, Neville, Longman Group UK Ltd, Turner, J and Banks, C A, British Li- Harlow (1992), 60-154. Sample con- brary, London/New York (1991), 14-51. taining about 38172 words from a book Sample containing about 14664 words (domain: social science) from a book (domain: arts) AN7 Maggie Jordan. Blair, Emma, Bantam ANK Murder in old Berkshire. Long, (Corgi), London (1990), 7-94. Sample Roger, Barracuda Books Ltd, Bucking- containing about 40491 words from a ham (1990), 11-122. Sample containing book (domain: imaginative) about 35956 words from a book (do- AN8 The meddlers. Rayner, Claire, Michael main: world affairs) Joseph Ltd, London (1991), 15-110. ANL Patently murder. Harrison, Ray, Con- Sample containing about 35988 words stable & Company Ltd, London (1991), from a book (domain: imaginative) 7-110. Sample containing about 43818 AN9 Melt down: collapse of a nuclear words from a book (domain: imagina- dream. Aubrey, Crispin, Collins & tive) Brown Ltd, London (1991), 13-112. ANM NCT Birmingham Central Branch Sample containing about 41687 words Newsletter. u.p.. Sample containing from a book (domain: social science) about 27664 words of unpublished mis- ANA Towards a better understanding. Se- cellanea (domain: social science) nior, Robert, Euromonitor Publications ANP The National Trust Magazine. The Ltd, London (1985), 9-111. Sample National Trust, London (1990-19-19). containing about 31418 words from a Sample containing about 21626 words book (domain: social science) from a periodical (domain: arts) ANB Milan: the complete travel organ- ANR Napoleon III. Smith, William H C, iser. Sale, Richard, The Crowood Collins & Brown Ltd, London (1991), Press, Marlborough, Wilts (1991), 37- 6-104. Sample containing about 39062 145. Sample containing about 31872 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: leisure) fairs) ANC The mills of Gloucestershire. Riemer, ANS National curriculum English (ages 5- Pierce and Mills, Stephen, Barracuda 16). Department of Ed. & Science, UK Books Ltd, Buckingham (1989), 35- (1989-07). Sample containing about 126. Sample containing about 38082 28115 words of miscellanea (domain: words from a book (domain: world af- social science) fairs) ANT National liberation. Harris, Nigel, I B AND Marketing your primary school. Sul- Tauris & Company Ltd, London (1990), livan, Mike, Longman Group UK Ltd, 1-100. Sample containing about 38684 Harlow (1991), 1-104. Sample contain- words from a book (domain: world af- ing about 34858 words from a book (do- fairs) 12. List of works excerpted 123

ANU Pity the nation: Lebanon at war. Fisk, don (1990), 39-122. Sample containing Robert, Oxford University Press, Ox- about 33701 words from a book (do- ford (1991), 12-91. Sample containing main: world affairs) about 40226 words from a book (do- APE Parliamentary affairs. Oxford Univer- main: world affairs) sity Press, Oxford (1991-19-19), 125- ANX New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, 225. Sample containing about 37104 London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- words from a periodical (domain: social ing about 54457 words from a periodi- science) cal (domain: applied science) APH Perceptual and associative learn- ANY Nice work. Lodge, David, Secker & ing. Hall, Geoffrey, Oxford University Warburg, London (1988), 1-105. Sam- Press, Oxford (1991), 68-180. Sample ple containing about 43859 words from containing about 44836 words from a a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: applied science) AP0 The joker’s wild: biography of Jack APJ Report on visit to Peto Institute. Ec- Nicholson. Parker, John, Anaya Pub- cleshall, J and Davis, J, u.p.. Sample lishers Ltd, London (1991), 9-109. containing about 3549 words of unpub- Sample containing about 37647 words lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- from a book (domain: arts) ence) AP1 [Collection of letters from OUP]. u.p.. APK Photography. Argus Specialist Publi- Sample containing about 24303 words cations, Hemel Hempstead (1992-02). of unpublished miscellanea (domain: Sample containing about 17279 words commerce) from a periodical (domain: leisure) AP5 [Official leaflets]. u.p.. Sample con- APL Photography. Argus Specialist Pub- taining about 17281 words of miscel- lications, Hemel Hempstead (1991- lanea (domain: commerce) 19-19). Sample containing about AP6 Monster Raving Loony Party’s draft 11489 words from a periodical (do- manifesto for General Election 1992. main: leisure) u.p.. Sample containing about 1919 APM The message to the planet. Murdoch, words of miscellanea (domain: com- Iris, Chatto & Windus Ltd, London merce) (1989), 112-198. Sample containing AP7 I don’t feel old. Abendstern, Michele, about 39520 words from a book (do- Thompson, Paul and Itzin, Cathy, Ox- main: imaginative) ford University Press, Oxford (1990), APN The political economy of soil ero- 1-106. Sample containing about 38087 sion in developing countries. Blaikie, words from a book (domain: social sci- Piers, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- ence) low (1987), 12-106. Sample containing AP8 The old galleries of Cumbria and the about 39913 words from a book (do- early wool trade. Allen, Phoebe, Abbot main: world affairs) Hall Art Gallery, Kendal (1984), 1-56. APP Politics in the streets. Purdie, Bob, The Sample containing about 11802 words Blackstaff Press Ltd, Belfast (1990), of miscellanea (domain: world affairs) 121-197. Sample containing about APC In the palace of serpents. Pow, 30441 words from a book (domain: Tom, Canongate Press plc, Edinburgh world affairs) (1992), 28-124. Sample containing APR Possession. Byatt, A S, Chatto & Win- about 36724 words from a book (do- dus Ltd, London (1990), 1-91. Sample main: leisure) containing about 35672 words from a APD Palestine and Israel. McDowell, book (domain: imaginative) David, I B Tauris & Company Ltd, Lon- APS Postmodernism and contemporary fic- 124 12. List of works excerpted

tion. Smyth, Edmund J, B T Batsford imaginative) Ltd, London (1991), 19-102. Sample AR4 Roman art. Walker, Susan, British Mu- containing about 42270 words from a seum Press, London (1991), 4-37. Sam- book (domain: arts) ple containing about 12575 words from APT Prague. Abel-Smith, Lucy and Kota- a book (domain: world affairs) lik, Jiri, John Murray (Publishers) Ltd, AR5 Rottweilers: an owner’s companion. London (1991), 28-137. Sample con- Price, Les, The Crowood Press, Marl- taining about 39583 words from a book borough, Wilts (1991), 6-104. Sample (domain: leisure) containing about 24860 words from a APU The prince. Brayfield, Celia, Chatto & book (domain: natural sciences) Windus Ltd, London (1990). Sample AR7 Running. Stonehart Leisure Maga- containing about 38559 words from a zines, London (1991-04). Sample con- book (domain: imaginative) taining about 32726 words from a peri- APV Cleaning professional kitchens. North, odical (domain: leisure) Rae, Cresta Publishing Company, Liv- AR8 The SAS at war 1941-1945. Kemp, erpool (1985), 1-90. Sample containing Anthony, John Murray (Publishers) Ltd, about 37396 words from a book (do- London (1991), 1-96. Sample contain- main: applied science) ing about 36687 words from a book (do- APW Quest for a babe. Hendry, Frances main: world affairs) Mary, Canongate Publishing Ltd, Ed- AR9 The Save Britain’s Heritage action inburgh (1990), 43-141. Sample con- guide. Binney, Marcus and Watson- taining about 39142 words from a book Smyth, Marianne, Collins & Brown (domain: imaginative) Ltd, London (1991), 7-127. Sample APX Royal Institute of British Architects containing about 40036 words from a Journal. RIBA Magazines Ltd, London book (domain: arts) (1990-10). Sample containing about ARA Stopping crime starts with you. North- 29542 words from a periodical (do- ern Ireland Office, Belfast, 1-42. Sam- main: arts) ple containing about 9272 words of APY The racket. Mason, Anita, Constable miscellanea (domain: social science) & Company Ltd, London (1990), 84- ARB The best of Sunday Times travel. 192. Sample containing about 33971 Girling, Richard (ed.), David & Charles words from a book (domain: imagina- Publishers plc, Newton Abbot, Devon tive) (1988), 9-124. Sample containing about AR0 The railway station: a social history. 40046 words from a book (domain: Richards, Jeffrey and MacKenzie, John leisure) M, Oxford University Press, Oxford ARC A generation of schooling. Judge, (1988), 1-93. Sample containing about Harry, Oxford University Press, Oxford 41398 words from a book (domain: so- (1984), 1-98. Sample containing about cial science) 36257 words from a book (domain: so- AR2 Ready to catch him should he fall. cial science) Bartlett, Neil, Serpent’s Tail, London ARD Screen. Oxford University Press, Ox- (1990), 9-114. Sample containing about ford (1991), 127-227. Sample contain- 31206 words from a book (domain: ing about 25420 words from a periodi- imaginative) cal (domain: arts) AR3 The remains of the day. Ishiguro, ARE Scuba world. Freestyle Publications Kazuo, Faber & Faber Ltd, London Ltd, Poole (1991-10). Sample contain- (1989), 1-110. Sample containing about ing about 18455 words from a periodi- 36433 words from a book (domain: cal (domain: leisure) 12. List of works excerpted 125

ARF In search of a cure. Weatherall, M, Ox- ARX The strange rise of semi-literate Eng- ford University Press, Oxford (1990), land. West, W J, Gerald Duckworth 161-266. Sample containing about & Company Ltd, London (1992), 7-58. 37153 words from a book (domain: nat- Sample containing about 16210 words ural sciences) from a book (domain: leisure) ARG In search of happiness. Houston, ARY The fundamentals of stability testing. James, Lion Publishing plc, Oxford IFSCC, Weymouth (1992), 5-23. Sam- (1990), 165-275. Sample containing ple containing about 7733 words of about 35217 words from a book (do- miscellanea (domain: natural sciences) main: belief and thought) AS0 Strokes and head injuries. Grisogono, ARH Sexually transmitted diseases: the Vivian and Lynch, Mary, John Murray facts. Barlow, David, Oxford Univer- (Publishers) Ltd, London (1991), 65- sity Press, Oxford (1979), 1-107. Sam- 153. Sample containing about 30887 ple containing about 44200 words from words from a book (domain: applied a book (domain: natural sciences) science) ARJ She magazine. The National Maga- AS1 Do-it-yourself home surveying. Col- zine Company Ltd, London (1989-10). lard, George, David & Charles Publish- Sample containing about 57194 words ers plc, Newton Abbot, Devon (1990), from a periodical (domain: leisure) 13-143. Sample containing about ARK Shockwave. Forbes, Colin, Pan Books 26040 words from a book (domain: ap- Ltd, London (1990). Sample containing plied science) about 28662 words from a book (do- AS3 The first fifty. Gray, Muriel, Main- main: imaginative) stream Publishing Company Ltd, Ed- ARM Skateboard!. Lancastrian Holdings inburgh (1991), 31-162. Sample con- Ltd, Dorset (1991-03). Sample contain- taining about 38659 words from a book ing about 9984 words from a periodical (domain: leisure) (domain: leisure) AS4 Taming the flood. Purseglove, J, Oxford ARP Skinhead. Knight, Nick, Omnibus University Press, Oxford (1989), 1-91. Press, London (1982), 5-52. Sample Sample containing about 32311 words containing about 13762 words from a from a book (domain: natural sciences) book (domain: social science) AS5 Thomas Hardy 1840-1928. James, ARR The selfish gene. Dawkins, Richard, Elizabeth, The British Library Board, Oxford University Press, Oxford London (1990), 1-36. Sample contain- (1989), 166-266. Sample containing ing about 7067 words from a book (do- about 33758 words from a book (do- main: arts) main: natural sciences) AS6 Tackling the inner cities. Pimlott, ARS The challenge of smallholding. Ben and MacGregor, Susanne, Oxford Sweeny, Sedley, Oxford University University Press, Oxford (1991), 1-92. Press, Oxford (1985), 1-113. Sample Sample containing about 30938 words containing about 32323 words from a from a book (domain: social science) book (domain: natural sciences) AS7 Tales of the loch. Sandison, Bruce, ART The Smiths. Middles, Mick, Omnibus Mainstream Publishing Company Ltd, Press, London (1988), 3-124. Sample Edinburgh (1990), 1-102. Sample con- containing about 41129 words from a taining about 38218 words from a book book (domain: arts) (domain: imaginative) ARW Spare Rib. u.p.. Sample containing ASA How we won the open: the cad- about 32315 words from a periodical dies’ stories. Dabell, Norman, Anaya (domain: social science) Publishers Ltd, London (1990), 7-116. 126 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 37344 words (1991), 1-103. Sample containing about from a book (domain: leisure) 29600 words from a book (domain: nat- ASB Freedom under Thatcher. Gearty, C ural sciences) A and Ewing, K D, Oxford University ASN The truth of stone. Mackenzie, David Press, Oxford (1990), 1-117. Sample S, Mainstream Publishing Company containing about 44722 words from a Ltd, Edinburgh (1991), 99-187. Sample book (domain: social science) containing about 38828 words from a ASC Theatre in my blood: biography of book (domain: imaginative) John Cranko. Percival, John, The Her- ASR Volcanoes. Francis, P, Penguin Group, bert Press Ltd, London (1983), v-78. London (1979). Sample containing Sample containing about 34800 words about 40357 words from a book (do- from a book (domain: arts) main: natural sciences) ASD Now we are thirty-something. Jen- ASS The Wimbledon poisoner. Williams, nings, Charles, John Murray (Publish- Nigel, Faber & Faber Ltd, London ers) Ltd, London (1991), 1-120. Sample (1990), 1-127. Sample containing about containing about 27885 words from a 41153 words from a book (domain: book (domain: imaginative) imaginative) ASE The world of Thrush Green. Read, ASU Wainwright in the limestone dales. Michael Joseph Ltd (Penguin), Lon- Wainwright, Alfred, Michael Joseph don (1990), 11-119. Sample containing Ltd, London (1991), 1-122. Sample about 33613 words from a book (do- containing about 27382 words from a main: imaginative) book (domain: leisure) ASF Time in history. Whitrow, G J, Oxford ASV Walking on Water. Martin, Andy, University Press, Oxford (1990), 19- John Murray (Publishers) Ltd, London 120. Sample containing about 39930 (1991), 60-163. Sample containing words from a book (domain: world af- about 37761 words from a book (do- fairs) main: leisure) ASG Battle of the titans: Kasparov-Karpov. ASW Warriors of Christendom. Matthews, Keene, Raymond, B T Batsford Ltd, John and Stewart, Bob, Firebird Books London (1991), 1-123. Sample con- Ltd, Poole (1988), 53-168. Sample con- taining about 26707 words from a book taining about 36671 words from a book (domain: leisure) (domain: world affairs) ASH Today’s Horse. Aceville Publications ASY A common policy for education. Ltd, Colchester, Essex (1991-19-19). Warnock, Mary, Oxford University Sample containing about 23751 words Press, Oxford (1989), 1-103. Sample from a periodical (domain: leisure) containing about 40182 words from a ASJ Travel. Seddon, Sue, Alan Sut- book (domain: social science) ton/Thomas Cook, Stroud/Peterborough AT1 The wedding present. Hodkinson, (1991), 11-144. Sample containing Mark, Omnibus Press, London (1990), about 27522 words from a book (do- 5-91. Sample containing about 39181 main: leisure) words from a book (domain: arts) ASK Treat me right: essays on medical law. AT3 Wheelbarrow across the Sahara. Kennedy, Ian, Oxford University Press, Howard, Geoffrey, Alan Sutton Pub- Oxford (1988), 257-363. Sample con- lishing Ltd, Gloucester (1990), 12-91. taining about 43444 words from a book Sample containing about 39748 words (domain: social science) from a book (domain: leisure) ASL The triumph of the embryo. Wolpert, AT4 Who, sir? Me, sir?. Peyton, K M, Ox- Lewis, Oxford University Press, Oxford ford University Press, Oxford (1988), 5- 12. List of works excerpted 127

138. Sample containing about 47798 u.p.. Sample containing about 20733 words from a book (domain: imagina- words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) tive) AYP [Financial leaflets]. u.p.. Sample con- AT6 Windsurfing: improving techniques. taining about 53481 words of miscel- Oakley, Ben, The Crowood Press, Marl- lanea (domain: commerce) borough, Wilts (1987), 1-118. Sample AYR [Financial letters]. u.p.. Sample containing about 35388 words from a containing about 9374 words of un- book (domain: leisure) published miscellanea (domain: com- AT7 The wingless bird. Cookson, Catherine, merce) Bantam (Corgi), London (1990), 11- AYX [Leaflets advertising services]. u.p.. 128. Sample containing about 40027 Sample containing about 5820 words of words from a book (domain: imagina- miscellanea (domain: commerce) tive) B01 Age. McEwen, Evelyn (ed.), Age Con- AT8 World energy. Hedley, Don, Eu- cern England, Mitcham (1990), 12-112. romonitor Publications Ltd, London The unrecognised discrimination. Sam- (1986), 85-176. Sample containing ple containing about 41764 words from about 34669 words from a book (do- a book (domain: social science) main: commerce) B02 Agriculture and nature conservation in AT9 Women priests: which way will you conflict. Smith, Malcolm, The Arkle- vote?. SPCK, London (1990). Sample ton Trust, Langholm, Dumfriesshire containing about 6845 words of miscel- (1985), 1-94. Sample containing about lanea (domain: belief and thought) 31239 words of miscellanea (domain: ATA Women: a cultural review. Oxford applied science) University Press, Oxford (1991-19-19), B03 The Alton Herald. Farnham Cas- 1-97. Sample containing about 36406 tle Newspapers Ltd, Farnham, Surrey words from a periodical (domain: social (1992-04-17), 1-32. Sample containing science) about 59362 words from a periodical ATE Worlds apart. Cairney, John, Main- (domain: world affairs) stream Publishing Company Ltd, Edin- B04 Animal welfare and the environment. burgh (1991), 217-308. Sample con- Ryder, Richard D (ed.), Gerald Duck- taining about 41723 words from a book worth & Company Ltd, London (1992), (domain: imaginative) 9-116. Sample containing about 38867 ATG Yugoslavia in crisis. Lydall, Harold, words from a book (domain: world af- Oxford University Press, Oxford fairs) (1989), 144-205. Sample containing B05 Approaches to spiritual direction. about 21521 words from a book (do- Long, Anne, Grove Books Ltd, Not- main: world affairs) tingham (1988), 3-25. Sample contain- AYJ Twenty ways to manage better. Leigh, ing about 10323 words of miscellanea Andrew, Institute of Personnel Manage- (domain: belief and thought) ment, London (1992), 13-113. Sample B06 Aromatherapy massage with essential containing about 34738 words from a oils. Wildwood, Christine, Element book (domain: commerce) Books Ltd, Shaftesbury, Dorset (1992), AYK Your four point plan for life. 1-124. Sample containing about 34776 Markham, Ursula, Element Books Ltd, words from a book (domain: leisure) Shaftesbury, Dorset (1991), 3-132. B07 Book selection. Spiller, David, Li- Sample containing about 38948 words brary Association Publishing Ltd, Lon- from a book (domain: applied science) don (1991), 8-127. Principles and prac- AYM [Events and entertainments leaflets]. tice. Sample containing about 40498 128 12. List of works excerpted

words from a book (domain: applied ety of Chemistry, London (1992-19- science) 19). Sample containing about 49086 B08 How to get the best deal from your em- words from a periodical (domain: nat- ployer. Edwards, Martin, Kogan Page ural sciences) Ltd, London (1991), 40-163. Sample B0N Citizens’ Advice Bureaux. Citron, Ju- containing about 38210 words from a dith, Pluto Press, London (1989), 37- book (domain: commerce) 142. Sample containing about 38124 B09 Blackpool’s century of trams. Palmer, words from a book (domain: social sci- Steve, Blackpool Borough Council, ence) Blackpool (1985), 2-113. Sample con- B0P Advanced coarse fishing. Marsden, taining about 30260 words from a book Graham, A & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, (domain: world affairs) London (1987), 5-106. Sample con- B0A A guide to Britain’s industrial past. taining about 38335 words from a book Bailey, Brian, Whittet Books Ltd, Lon- (domain: leisure) don (1985), 17-133. Sample containing B0R Coleridge and Wordsworth in the West about 40083 words from a book (do- Country. Mayberry, Tom, Alan Sutton main: world affairs) Publishing Ltd, Gloucester (1992), 4- B0B The Challenge book of brownie stories. 131. Sample containing about 34186 Moss, Robert, MTB Ltd, Gloucester- words from a book (domain: arts) shire (1988), 44-157. Sample contain- B0S The councillor. Prophet, John, Shaw & ing about 41421 words from a book (do- Sons Ltd, London (1987), 1-76. Sample main: imaginative) containing about 15164 words from a B0G Cornish times reflected. Lister, Martin, book (domain: world affairs) Tamara Publications, Saltash, Cornwall B0U A crowd is not company. Kee, Robert, (1988). Sample containing about 23702 Sphere Books Ltd, London (1991), 22- words from a book (domain: belief and 121. Sample containing about 41954 thought) words from a book (domain: world af- B0H Cabinet. Hennessy, Peter, Basil Black- fairs) well Ltd, Oxford (1990), 34-122. Sam- B0W Dementia and home care. Askham, ple containing about 38718 words from Janet and Thompson, Catherine, Age a book (domain: world affairs) Concern England, Mitcham (1990), 9- B0J Cambridge. Graham-Cameron, Gra- 118. Sample containing about 32143 ham (ed.)Herbert, Helen, Godley words from a book (domain: social sci- & Company Publishers, Cambridge ence) (1988), 6-28. A painter’s view. Sample B0X Diabetes and the heart. Taylor, Ken- containing about 1538 words from a neth G (ed.), Castle House Publications book (domain: arts) Ltd, Tunbridge Wells (1987), 42-134. B0K Cattle. Porter, Valerie, A & C Black Sample containing about 38773 words (Publishers) Ltd, London (1991), 39- from a book (domain: natural sciences) 115. Sample containing about 41445 B0Y The Dickens index. Burgis, Nina, words from a book (domain: applied Slater, Michael and Bentley, Nico- science) las, Oxford University Press, Oxford B0L Herbert Chapman. Studd, Stephen, Pe- (1990), 182-239. Sample containing ter Owen Publishers, London (1981), about 43356 words from a book (do- 43-146. Football emperor. Sample con- main: arts) taining about 37027 words from a book B10 Discipline: a positive guide for parents. (domain: leisure) Herbert, Martin, Basil Blackwell Ltd, B0M Chemistry in Britain. Royal Soci- Oxford (1989), 1-130. Sample contain- 12. List of works excerpted 129

ing about 39924 words from a book (do- say, Jay, The Diamond Press, London main: applied science) (1991), 1-108. Sample containing about B11 In all directions. Dunlop, Roy, 14254 words from a book (domain: Graham-Cameron Publishing, Cam- imaginative) bridge (1986), 77-144. Sample con- B1D The Foreign Office: an architectural taining about 42110 words from a book history. Toplis, Ian, Mansell Publishing (domain: arts) Ltd, London/New York (1987), 13-109. B12 Education in the developing world. Sample containing about 40764 words Graham-Brown, Sarah, Longman from a book (domain: arts) Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1991), 79-171. B1E Global environmental change. Man- Sample containing about 37032 words nion, A M, Longman Scientific & Tech- from a book (domain: social science) nical, Harlow (1991). Sample contain- B13 Edenderry Memorial Methodist ing about 38405 words from a book (do- Church. u.p. (n.d.), 1-61. Sample main: world affairs) containing about 20720 words of mis- B1F Gardens of meditation. Falconar, A cellanea (domain: world affairs) E I, Colin Smythe Ltd, Gerrards Cross B14 The elements of nursing. Tierney, Al- (1980), 7-103. Sample containing about ison J, Logan, Winifred W and Roper, 36283 words from a book (domain: be- Nancy, Churchill Livingstone, Harlow lief and thought) (1990), 67-116. Sample containing B1G Handling geographical information. about 39804 words from a book (do- Blakemore, Michael, Masser, Ian (eds.), main: natural sciences) Longman Scientific & Technical, Har- B15 Environmental scanning and business low (1991), 55-176. Sample containing strategy. Waters, Judith and Lester, about 38559 words from a book (do- Ray, The British Library Board, Lon- main: applied science) don (1989), 1-111. Sample containing B1H Decisions in geography: the United about 24119 words from a book (do- Kingdom. Farleigh Rice, W, Longman main: applied science) Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1985), 4-137. B16 Exploring data. Marsh, Catherine, Sample containing about 40694 words Polity Press, Cambridge (1988), 143- from a book (domain: world affairs) 260. Sample containing about 38183 B1J In good faith. Lamont, Stewart, St words from a book (domain: applied Andrew Press, Edinburgh (1989), 3- science) 89. Sample containing about 40137 B17 Crime. Marsh, Ian, Longman Group words from a book (domain: belief and UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 1-94. Sample thought) containing about 34305 words from a B1K Green belt. Grayson, Lesley (ed.), The book (domain: social science) British Library Board, London (1990), B19 Fighting cancer: a personal story. 1-95. Sample containing about 8529 Hitchcock, Raymond, Angel Press, words from a book (domain: world af- Chichester (1989), 1-130. Sample con- fairs) taining about 39253 words from a book B1L Hampden Babylon. Cosgrove, Stuart, (domain: belief and thought) Canongate Press plc, Edinburgh (1991), B1A [Penultimate Picture Palace pro- 6-109. Sample containing about 42138 gramme]. Penultimate Picture Palace, words from a book (domain: leisure) Oxford (1991). Sample containing B1M [Health promotion and education about 1081 words of miscellanea (do- leaflets]. u.p.. Sample containing about main: arts) 12096 words of miscellanea (domain: B1C For now. Godbert, Geoffrey and Ram- natural sciences) 130 12. List of works excerpted

B1N Highland journey. Hedderwick, Mairi, about 41196 words from a book (do- Canongate Press plc, Edinburgh (1992), main: imaginative) 57-163. Sample containing about B21 Learn to live. Spindler, Stephanie, El- 35260 words from a book (domain: ement Books Ltd, Shaftesbury, Dorset leisure) (1991), 1-93. Sample containing about B1P A companion to local history research. 23668 words from a book (domain: ap- Campbell-Kease, John, A & C Black plied science) (Publishers) Ltd, London (1989), 275- B22 I remember, I remember. Maidment, 364. Sample containing about 39453 Arthur, Baverstock Books, Westbury, words from a book (domain: world af- Wilts (1990), 31-144. Sample contain- fairs) ing about 40284 words from a book (do- B1R How to use homeopathy. Ham- main: leisure) mond, Christopher, Element Books B23 Local management of schools. Gilbert, Ltd, Shaftesbury, Dorset (1991), 1-134. Christine (ed.), Kogan Page Ltd, Lon- Sample containing about 35817 words don (1990), 13-131. Sample containing from a book (domain: applied science) about 41102 words from a book (do- B1S Our family has Huntington’s chorea. main: social science) Slatford, Joy, Graham-Cameron Pub- B24 On the Mersey beat. Brogden, lishing, Cambridge (1987), 2-24. Sam- Mike, Oxford University Press, Ox- ple containing about 677 words from a ford (1991), 36-116. Sample containing book (domain: social science) about 42573 words from a book (do- B1T Images of youth. Hendrick, Harry, Ox- main: social science) ford University Press, Oxford (1990), B25 Methods of social investigation. Mann, 157-259. Sample containing about Peter H, Basil Blackwell Ltd, Oxford 31159 words from a book (domain: so- (1985). Sample containing about 39333 cial science) words from a book (domain: social sci- B1U Britain’s inner cities. Lawless, Paul, ence) Paul Chapman Publishing Ltd, London B26 Microsoft Word: training guide. An- (1989), 14-96. Sample containing about dralojc, Hari, Lambden, Anne and 37271 words from a book (domain: so- Walker, Pauline, Pitman Publishing, cial science) London (1990), 1-74. Sample contain- B1W International finance and developing ing about 19851 words from a book (do- countries. Leslie, James, Longman main: applied science) Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1987), 11-118. B27 [Midland bank leaflets]. u.p.. Sample Sample containing about 37262 words containing about 7306 words of miscel- from a book (domain: commerce) lanea (domain: commerce) B1X The killing frost. Hayden, Thomas, B28 Managing the national curriculum. Random Century Group, London Brighouse, Tim, Moon, Bob (eds.), (1991), 155-256. Sample containing Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow about 42226 words from a book (do- (1991), 27-129. Sample containing main: imaginative) about 38493 words from a book (do- B1Y Life, love and laughter. Horne, Molly, main: social science) Merlin Books ltd, Braunton (1989), 7- B29 [Northern Ireland tourist information]. 77. Sample containing about 26711 u.p.. Sample containing about 29239 words from a book (domain: leisure) words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) B20 Look about and die. Butters, Roger, B2A Changing face of the NHS in the 1990s. The Book Guild Ltd, Lewes, East Sus- Spurgeon, Peter (ed.), Longman Group sex (1991), 45-167. Sample containing UK Ltd, Harlow (1990), 4-106. Sample 12. List of works excerpted 131

containing about 40790 words from a B2L Politics in transition. Anderson, James, book (domain: social science) Cochrane, Allan (eds.), Sage Publi- B2B The Nottingham Graduate. Univer- cations Ltd, London (1989), 95-170. sity of Nottingham, Nottingham (1992). Sample containing about 34615 words Sample containing about 2064 words of from a book (domain: world affairs) miscellanea (domain: leisure) B2M Practical soft systems analysis. Patch- B2C Owls, caves and fossils. Andrews, Pe- ing, David, Pitman Publishing, London ter, Natural History Museum Publica- (1989), 167-268. Sample containing tions, London (1990), 1-89. Sample about 30129 words from a book (do- containing about 39494 words from a main: applied science) book (domain: natural sciences) B2N How Miranda flew down Puddle Lane. B2D Odour nuisances and their control. Ar- McCullagh, Sheila, Ladybird Books tis, Denise, Shaw & Sons Ltd, London Ltd, Loughborough (1991), 4-44. Sam- (1984), 1-118. Sample containing about ple containing about 934 words from a 29909 words from a book (domain: so- book (domain: imaginative) cial science) B2P The Roman law of trusts. Johnston, B2E Oh! sister I saw the bells go down. David, Oxford University Press, Oxford Saunders-Veness, Frances, The Book (1988). Sample containing about 39036 Guild Ltd, Lewes, East Sussex (1989), words from a book (domain: world af- 7-73. Sample containing about 26166 fairs) words from a book (domain: world af- B2S The railwaymen: Wolverton 1838- fairs) 1986. West, Bill, Barracuda Books Ltd, B2F Improve your people skills. Honey, Pe- Buckingham (1987), 25-128. Sample ter, Institute of Personnel Management, containing about 41040 words from a London (1992), 70-177. Sample con- book (domain: world affairs) taining about 31580 words from a book B2T The reality of partnership. Clough, (domain: commerce) Elizabeth, Hedge, R, Gibbs, Bob (eds.), B2G Paganism and the occult. Logan, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow Kevin, Kingsway Publications, East- (1991), 65-178. Sample containing bourne (1988), 79-178. Sample con- about 35394 words from a book (do- taining about 30815 words from a book main: social science) (domain: belief and thought) B2U Retailing: a manual for students. B2H The palace centurions. Sands, Nigel, Leach, Helen, Basil Blackwell Ltd, Ox- Barracuda Books Ltd, Buckingham ford (1989), 45-160. Sample containing (1991), 11-115. Sample containing about 30338 words from a book (do- about 33917 words from a book (do- main: commerce) main: leisure) B2V Rural life in Roman Suffolk. Graham- B2J Habitat of palaeozoic gas in NW Eu- Cameron, Mike and Herbert, Helen, rope. Goff, J, van Hoorne, B, Brooks, Graham-Cameron Publishing, Cam- J (eds.), Scottish Academic Press, Ed- bridge (1984). Sample containing about inburgh (1986), 37-166. Sample con- 2138 words of miscellanea (domain: taining about 40303 words from a book world affairs) (domain: natural sciences) B2W The Royal Veterinary College London. B2K Colliding plane waves in general rela- Cotchin, Ernest, Barracuda Books Ltd, tivity. Griffiths, J B, Oxford University Buckingham (1990), 9-76. Sample con- Press, Oxford (1991), 48-145. Sample taining about 36939 words from a book containing about 25233 words from a (domain: world affairs) book (domain: natural sciences) B2X Journal of semantics. Oxford Uni- 132 12. List of works excerpted

versity Press, Oxford (1990), 321-452. lanea (domain: social science) Sample containing about 19271 words B3B An introduction to postgraduate stud- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ies. University of Ulster, Coleraine ence) (1991). Sample containing about 13940 B2Y Sound recordings. Copeland, Peter, words of miscellanea (domain: social The British Library Board, London science) (1991), 5-76. Sample containing about B3C Undergraduate prospectus for entry 20031 words from a book (domain: 1992. University of Ulster, Coleraine leisure) (1991). Sample containing about 42550 B30 Attempted suicide. Hawton, Keith and words of miscellanea (domain: social Catalan, Jose, Oxford University Press, science) Oxford (1990), 88-189. Sample con- B3D User education in libraries. Fjallbrant, taining about 34591 words from a book Nancy and Malley, Ian, Clive Bingley (domain: social science) Ltd, London (1984). Sample containing B31 The birds of Sussex. Shrubb, Michael, about 38661 words from a book (do- Phillimore & Company Ltd, Chichester main: applied science) (1979), 1-152. Sample containing about B3F One WAAF’s war. Beech, Joan, D 38639 words from a book (domain: J Costello (Publishers) Ltd, Tunbridge leisure) Wells (1989). Sample containing about B32 Taking good care. Worsley, Jenny, Age 36588 words from a book (domain: Concern England, Mitcham (1989), 19- world affairs) 126. Sample containing about 34195 B3G What every woman should know about words from a book (domain: social sci- retirement. Donald, V, Orton, CFranks, ence) Helen (ed.), Dudley, C and Ward, B33 Teaching clinical nursing. Hinchliff, S, Age Concern England, Mitcham Susan M (ed.), Longman Group UK (1987). Sample containing about 33898 Ltd, Harlow (1986), 31-150. Sample words from a book (domain: social sci- containing about 35649 words from a ence) book (domain: social science) B3H William Green of Ambleside. Sloss, J B34 Tiller’s girls. Vernon, Doremy, Rob- D G and Burkett, M E, Abbot Hall Art son Books Ltd, London (1988), 9-127. Gallery, Kendal (1984). Sample con- Sample containing about 37224 words taining about 27737 words from a book from a book (domain: world affairs) (domain: arts) B35 Tour de France 92. Channel 4 (1992). B3J Yanto’s summer. Pickernell, Ray, Mor- Sample containing about 8355 words of gans Technical Books Ltd, Wotton- miscellanea (domain: leisure) under-Edge (1988). Sample containing B38 True confessions and new cliches. about 46508 words from a book (do- Lochhead, Liz, Polygon Books, Edin- main: imaginative) burgh (1985), 1-135. Sample contain- B3K [Tourist information: York]. u.p.. ing about 26513 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 38231 words main: imaginative) of miscellanea (domain: leisure) B39 Graduate enterprise programme. Uni- B71 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, versity of Ulster, Coleraine (1991). London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- Sample containing about 1731 words of ing about 44542 words from a periodi- miscellanea (domain: social science) cal (domain: applied science) B3A Guide for new students 1991. Univer- B72 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, sity of Ulster, Coleraine (1991). Sample London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- containing about 8486 words of miscel- ing about 44553 words from a periodi- 12. List of works excerpted 133

cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B73 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7F New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 47625 words from a periodi- ing about 16005 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B74 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7G New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 38360 words from a periodi- ing about 53321 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B75 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7H New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 45342 words from a periodi- ing about 44308 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B76 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7J New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 41806 words from a periodi- ing about 49050 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B77 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7K New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 45363 words from a periodi- ing about 39394 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B78 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7L New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 49020 words from a periodi- ing about 51195 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B79 New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7M New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 13037 words from a periodi- ing about 43912 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B7A New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, B7N New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- ing about 12802 words from a periodi- ing about 42952 words from a periodi- cal (domain: applied science) cal (domain: applied science) B7B New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, BLW Forty plus. Batchelor, Mary, Lion London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- Publishing plc, Tring, Herts (1988), 48- ing about 14861 words from a periodi- 166. Sample containing about 40414 cal (domain: applied science) words from a book (domain: belief and B7C New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, thought) London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- BLX Animal watching – A field guide to ing about 47149 words from a periodi- animal behaviour. Morris, Desmond, cal (domain: applied science) Cape, London (1991), 7-100. Sample B7D New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, containing about 37855 words from a London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- book (domain: natural sciences) ing about 38693 words from a periodi- BLY Curriculum and reality in African cal (domain: applied science) primary schools. Hawes, Colette, B7E New Scientist. IPC Magazines Ltd, Aarons, Audrey, Hawes, Hugh and London (1991-02-16). Sample contain- Croft, John, Longman Group UK Ltd, ing about 14416 words from a periodi- Harlow (1979), 10-121. Sample con- 134 12. List of works excerpted

taining about 39163 words from a book BMB Business. Business People Pubcs Ltd, (domain: social science) London (1991-07), 9-111. Sample con- BM0 The Alexander technique. Brennan, taining about 44464 words from a peri- Richard, Element Books Ltd, Shaftes- odical (domain: commerce) bury, Dorset (1991), 17-99. Sample BMC CD Review. CD Review Ltd, containing about 21866 words from a Berkhamstead (1992-05), 4-97. Sample book (domain: belief and thought) containing about 83844 words from a BM1 The complete guide to food allergy periodical (domain: arts) and intolerance. Gamlin, Linda and BMD Country Living. The National Maga- Brostoff, Jonathan, Bloomsbury Pub- zine Company Ltd, London (1991-03, lishing Ltd, London (1989), 138-221. 1991-06), 4-180. Sample containing Sample containing about 35892 words about 39395 words from a periodical from a book (domain: social science) (domain: leisure) BM2 The alternative religion. Gale, W E, BME Construction refurbishment & design. Cranebeam Commercial Ltd, East Grin- Robert Headlam (ed.), Estates Gazette stead (1988), 3-85. Sample containing Ltd, London (1986), 59-172. Sample about 41553 words from a book (do- containing about 38065 words from a main: belief and thought) book (domain: applied science) BM4 The Alton Herald. Farnham Cas- BMF Canoeist. S T & R J Fisher, Apple- tle Newspapers Ltd, Farnham, Surrey ford, Oxon (1991-10, 1992-04), 3-56. (1992-03-27; 1992-04-1). Sample con- Sample containing about 30801 words taining about 56316 words from a peri- from a periodical (domain: leisure) odical (domain: world affairs) BMG Catlore. Morris, Desmond, Cape, BM5 Autocar and Motor. Haymarket London (1989), 5-114. Sample con- Magazines Ltd, Teddington, Middlesex taining about 37270 words from a book (1990-10-10; 1990-03-1). Sample con- (domain: applied science) taining about 33641 words from a peri- BMH Censorship and libraries. Malley, odical (domain: leisure) Ian, Library Association Publishing BM6 Ayrshire heritage. Boyle, Andrew, Al- Ltd, London (1990), 1-35. Sample con- loway Publishing Ltd, Darvel, Ayrshire taining about 13375 words from a peri- (1990), 17-94. Sample containing about odical (domain: applied science) 40226 words from a book (domain: be- BMJ Channel tunnel. Grayson, Leslie (ed.), lief and thought) The British Library Board, London BM8 Before eureka. Waterfield, Robin, (1990), 1-103. Sample containing about The Bristol Press, Bristol (1989), 12- 14644 words from a book (domain: 109. Sample containing about 32322 world affairs) words from a book (domain: belief and BMK Chemistry in Britain. Royal Society thought) of Chemistry, London (1992-01, 1992- BM9 Britain’s deaf heritage. Jackson, Peter, 04, 199). Sample containing about British Deaf Association, Haddington, 44652 words from a periodical (do- E. Lothian (1990), 67-265. Sample con- main: natural sciences) taining about 33408 words from a book BML Children as readers. Spink, John, Li- (domain: social science) brary Association Publishing Ltd, Lon- BMA Bukharin’s theory of equilibrium. Tar- don (1989), 1-95. A study. Sample buck, Kenneth J, Pluto Press, London containing about 38317 words from a (1989), 54-158. Sample containing book (domain: social science) about 37380 words from a book (do- BMM Linford Christie: an autobiography. main: world affairs) Christie, Linford and Ward, Tony, Ar- 12. List of works excerpted 135

row Books Ltd, London (1990). Sample book (domain: imaginative) containing about 41623 words from a BMY Natural creation & the formative book (domain: leisure) mind. Davidson, John, Element Books BMN Crown in darkness. Doherty, P C, Ltd, Shaftesbury, Dorset (1991), 44- Headline Book Publishing plc, Lon- 141. Sample containing about 40903 don (1991), 27-151. Sample containing words from a book (domain: belief and about 38547 words from a book (do- thought) main: imaginative) BN1 And thus will I freely sing. David- BMP Way of life: dominant ideologies and son, Tony (ed.), Polygon Books, Ed- local communities. Jackson, A (ed.), inburgh (1989), 41-186. Sample con- Social Science Research Council, Lon- taining about 36954 words from a book don (1980), 1-76. Sample containing (domain: imaginative) about 23321 words from a book (do- BN2 Gdansk. Tighe, Carl, Pluto Press, Lon- main: world affairs) don (1990), 39-128. Sample containing BMR Dirty tricks. Dibdin, Michael, Faber about 38966 words from a book (do- & Faber Ltd, London (1991), 5-142. main: world affairs) Sample containing about 39105 words BN3 Memories of the Gorbals. Caplan, from a book (domain: imaginative) Jack, The Pentland Press Ltd, Durham BMS Gate-crashing the dream party. (1991), 1-97. Sample containing about Leonard, Alison, Walker Books Ltd, 34758 words from a book (domain: London (1990), 7-170. Sample con- world affairs) taining about 41548 words from a book BN4 Here’s health: the green guide. (domain: imaginative) Wheater, Caroline and Smyth, Angela, BMT The elements of earth mysteries. Hes- Argus Books, Hemel Hempstead, Herts elton, Philip, Element Books Ltd, (1990), 21-126. Sample containing Shaftesbury, Dorset (1991), 1-100. about 37899 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 36727 words main: applied science) from a book (domain: belief and BN5 Rosemary Conley’s hip and thigh diet. thought) Conley, Rosemary, Arrow Books Ltd, BMU The distance enchanted. Gervaise, London (1989), 18-96. Sample con- Mary, John Goodchild Publishers, Wen- taining about 15954 words from a book dover, Bucks (1983), 1-109. Sample (domain: leisure) containing about 40592 words from a BN6 Seasons of my life. Hauxwell, Hannah book (domain: imaginative) and Cockcroft, Barry, Random Century BMV Europe in the central middle ages. Group, London (1989), 18-153. Sample Brooke, Christopher, Longman Group containing about 35702 words from a UK Ltd, Harlow (1987). Sample con- book (domain: belief and thought) taining about 39773 words from a book BN7 [Miscellaneous leaflets on health]. (domain: world affairs) u.p.. Sample containing about 25608 BMW Folly’s child. Tanner, Janet, Cen- words of miscellanea (domain: social tury Hutchinson, London (1991), 13- science) 124. Sample containing about 42584 BN8 Hollow promises?. Rogers, A, Keith, words from a book (domain: imagina- M (eds.), Mansell Publishing Ltd, Lon- tive) don (1991), 1-83. Sample containing BMX The affair of the forest. Clifford, about 28709 words from a book (do- Derek, Springwood Books, Windle- main: world affairs) sham, Surrey (1983), 1-102. Sample BN9 The Cricketer. Sporting Magazines & containing about 39296 words from a Pubs, Tunbridge Wells (1992-06). Sam- 136 12. List of works excerpted

ple containing about 42009 words from tol (1991/1992). Sample containing a periodical (domain: leisure) about 25350 words from a periodical BNA How to interview and be interviewed. (domain: leisure) Brandreth, Gyles and Brown, Michele, BNL One’s company. Underwood, Lynn, Sheldon Press, London (1992), 9-123. Ashford, Southampton (1989), 11-141. Sample containing about 35787 words Sample containing about 39981 words from a book (domain: belief and from a book (domain: belief and thought) thought) BNB Island fortress. Longmate, Norman, BNM In-service training in public library Hutchinson, London (1991), 115-200. authorities. Bird, Jean, Library Asso- Sample containing about 41819 words ciation Publishing Ltd, London (1986), from a book (domain: world affairs) 1-71. Sample containing about 20943 BNC It might have been Jerusalem. Healy, words from a book (domain: applied Thomas, Polygon Books, Edinburgh science) (1991), 1-81. Sample containing about BNN And the policeman smiled. Turner, 30831 words from a book (domain: Barry, Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd, imaginative) London (1991), 54-242. Sample con- BND Looking up the aisle?. Ames, Joyce taining about 40409 words from a book and Ames, Dave, Kingsway Publica- (domain: world affairs) tions, Eastbourne (1989), 15-106. Sam- BNP Punch. Punch Publications Ltd, Lon- ple containing about 26527 words from don (1992-01-29/1992-04-08). Sample a book (domain: belief and thought) containing about 21643 words from a BNE Liberty and legislation. Hoggart, periodical (domain: imaginative) Richard (ed.), Frank Cass & Company BNS Punch. Punch Publications Ltd, Lon- Ltd, London (1989), 27-133. Sample don (1992-01-29/1992-04-08). Sample containing about 33730 words from a containing about 21550 words from a book (domain: social science) periodical (domain: imaginative) BNF Marriage inside out. Mattinson, BNT Punch. Punch Publications Ltd, Lon- Janet and Clulow, Christopher, Penguin don (1992-19-19). Sample containing Group, London (1989), 24-117. Sample about 21241 words from a periodical containing about 40656 words from a (domain: imaginative) book (domain: belief and thought) BNU Against a peacock . Connell, Mon- BNG Early mathematical experiences. ica, Viking, London (1991). Sample Schools Council Publications, Long- containing about 40937 words from a man Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1982), 55- book (domain: world affairs) 139. Sample containing about 35176 BNV Pilot. Pilot Publishing Company Ltd, words from a book (domain: social London (1992-06). Sample containing science) about 38964 words from a periodical BNH Marketing Week. Centaur Commu- (domain: leisure) nications, London (1992-04-17, 1992- BNW Problems of unemployment and in- 01-1). Sample containing about 20399 flation. Hardwick, Philip, Longman words from a periodical (domain: com- Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1987), 9-98. merce) Sample containing about 25325 words BNJ Northamptonshire Rose of the Shires. from a book (domain: commerce) u.p.. Sample containing about 22612 BNX [Leaflets advertising various prod- words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) ucts]. u.p.. Sample containing about BNK Nonesuch: the University of Bristol 12631 words of miscellanea (domain: magazine. University of Bristol, Bris- commerce) 12. List of works excerpted 137

BNY Rabbiting. Smithson, Bob, The (domain: imaginative) Crowood Press, Marlborough, Wilts BP9 The edge. Francis, Dick, Pan Books (1988), 10-131. Sample containing Ltd, London (1989), 82-190. Sample about 34345 words from a book (do- containing about 38773 words from a main: leisure) book (domain: imaginative) BP0 Race of scorpions. Dunnett, Dorothy, BPA The titron madness. Bedford, John, Michael Joseph Ltd, London (1989), Dales Large Print, Long Preston, N. 385-470. Sample containing about Yorks (1984), 11-209. Sample contain- 40588 words from a book (domain: ing about 37769 words from a book (do- imaginative) main: imaginative) BP1 The rich pass by. Pope, Pamela, Cen- BPB Today’s Horse. Aceville Publications tury Hutchinson, London (1990), 17- Ltd, Colchester, Essex (1991-10, 1992- 117. Sample containing about 36953 02, 199). Sample containing about words from a book (domain: imagina- 22878 words from a periodical (do- tive) main: leisure) BP2 Artificial intelligence techniques for BPC UK Tourist Brochures. u.p.. Sample improving aircraft maintenance effi- containing about 24000 words of mis- ciency. Royal Aeronautical Society, cellanea (domain: leisure) London (1991). Sample containing BPD Traffic. Masters, Anthony, Simon & about 15421 words of miscellanea (do- Schuster Young Books, Hemel Hemp- main: applied science) stead (1991), 5-110. Sample containing BP3 Sainsbury’s wine. Sainsburys (1992). about 30399 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 6307 words of main: imaginative) miscellanea (domain: leisure) BPE UniView: The National Student News- BP4 The encyclopaedia of sexual trivia. paper. YY4ME (1992-08). Sample Smith, Robin, Robson Books Ltd, Lon- containing about 9287 words from a pe- don (1990), 29-167. Sample containing riodical (domain: leisure) about 28712 words from a book (do- BPF Wedding and Home. Maxwell Con- main: leisure) sumer Magazines, London (1992- BP5 Competition and business regulation in 06/1992-07). Sample containing about the single market. S J Berwin & co., 34050 words from a periodical (do- Mercury in association with CBI, Lon- main: leisure) don (1992), 1-147. Sample containing BPG The walking diet. Humphreys, Mag- about 40527 words from a book (do- gie and Snowdon, Les, Mainstream main: commerce) Publishing Company Ltd, Edinburgh BP6 Welcome to Somerset. u.p.. Sample (1991), 9-116. Sample containing about containing about 6741 words of miscel- 22340 words from a book (domain: lanea (domain: leisure) leisure) BP7 Stone cold. Francome, John, Headline BPH The worst poverty. Barty-King, Hugh, Book Publishing plc, London (1990), Alan Sutton Publishing Ltd, Glouces- 61-197. Sample containing about ter (1991), 85-203. Sample containing 36493 words from a book (domain: about 36146 words from a book (do- imaginative) main: world affairs) BP8 Tales I tell my mother. Wandor, M, BPJ Yorkshire Life. Town & County Maga- Miner, V, Fairbairns, Z, M Roberts and zines, Preston (1992-05). Sample con- Maitland, Sara, The Journeyman Press, taining about 18402 words from a peri- London (1978), 11-115. Sample con- odical (domain: leisure) taining about 30403 words from a book BPK Fairs, feasts and frolics. Smith, Ju- 138 12. List of works excerpted

lia, Smith Settle Ltd, Otley, West Yorks (1990), 5-122. Sample containing about (1989), 22-129. Sample containing 41345 words from a book (domain: about 39983 words from a book (do- world affairs) main: social science) C8G Leeds Diocesan Catholic Voice. C85 The first of midnight. Darke, Marjorie, Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- John Murray (Publishers) Ltd, London erpool (1992-11). Sample containing (1989), 5-132. Sample containing about about 9738 words from a periodical 42053 words from a book (domain: (domain: belief and thought) imaginative) C8H Middlesbrough Diocesan Catholic C86 The five gates of hell. Thomson, Ru- Voice. Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, pert, Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd, Lon- Liverpool (1992-11). Sample contain- don (1991), 123-226. Sample contain- ing about 9549 words from a periodical ing about 43408 words from a book (do- (domain: belief and thought) main: imaginative) C8J Lancaster Diocesan Catholic Voice. C87 Zzap 64!. Newspaper Publications, Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- Ludlow, Shropshire (1992-11). Sample erpool (1992-12). Sample containing containing about 32964 words from a about 7795 words from a periodical periodical (domain: leisure) (domain: belief and thought) C88 The Alton Herald. Farnham Cas- C8K Shrewsbury Diocesan Catholic Voice. tle Newspapers Ltd, Farnham, Surrey Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- (1992-04-17, 1992-04-0). Sample con- erpool (1992-11). Sample containing taining about 42697 words from a peri- about 7482 words from a periodical odical (domain: world affairs) (domain: belief and thought) C89 The Artist’s and Illustrator’s Magazine. C8L Church planting: our future hope. Artist’s & Illustrator’s Mag, London Cleverly, Charlie, Scripture Union, (1991-10). Sample containing about London (1991), 9-141. Sample con- 19656 words from a periodical (do- taining about 40952 words from a book main: arts) (domain: belief and thought) C8A Best. Gruner & Jahr (UK), London C8M Champagne. Stevenson, Tom, Philip (1991-06, 1992-11-12,). Sample con- Wilson Publishers Ltd, London (1988), taining about 33633 words from a pe- 15-120. Sample containing about riodical (domain: leisure) 40131 words from a book (domain: C8B Best. Gruner & Jahr (UK), London leisure) (1991-06, 1992-11-12,). Sample con- C8N The chocolate teapot. Lawrence, taining about 34882 words from a pe- David, Scripture Union, London riodical (domain: leisure) (1992), 17-96. Sample containing about C8D Black justice. Shepherd, Stella, Con- 18226 words from a book (domain: stable & Company Ltd, London (1988), belief and thought) 17-132. Sample containing about C8P Colin the Clown’s party book. Fran- 42458 words from a book (domain: come, Colin, Argus Books, Hemel imaginative) Hempstead, Herts (1990), 5-96. Sample C8E The Buddha of suburbia. Kureishi, containing about 31240 words from a Hanif, Faber & Faber Ltd, London book (domain: leisure) (1990), 62-165. Sample containing C8R An introduction to British constitu- about 42038 words from a book (do- tional law. Calvert, Harry, Blackstone main: imaginative) Press, London (1985), 43-148. Sample C8F Calming traffic in residential areas. containing about 41355 words from a Tolley, Rodney, Brefi Press, Dyfed book (domain: social science) 12. List of works excerpted 139

C8S Destiny. Beauman, Sally, Bantam world affairs) (Corgi), London (1987), 201-306. Sam- C94 The complete F plan diet. Eyton, Au- ple containing about 35631 words from drey, Penguin Group, London (1987). a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 28087 words C8T Devices and desires. James, P D, Faber from a book (domain: social science) & Faber Ltd, London (1989), 17-120. C95 Practical Fishkeeping. EMAP Pursuit Sample containing about 41117 words Publishing Ltd, Peterborough, Cambs from a book (domain: imaginative) (1992-09, 1992-11, 199). Sample con- C8U Dogs Today. Burlington Publish- taining about 51239 words from a peri- ing Company Ltd, Windsor (1992-02, odical (domain: leisure) 1992-04). Sample containing about C96 Practical Fishkeeping. EMAP Pursuit 25896 words from a periodical (do- Publishing Ltd, Peterborough, Cambs main: leisure) (1992-09, 1992-11, 199). Sample con- C8V Doubt. Guinness, Os, Lion Publishing taining about 43176 words from a peri- plc, Tring, Herts (1976), 7-115. Sample odical (domain: leisure) containing about 37912 words from a C97 Practical Fishkeeping. EMAP Pursuit book (domain: belief and thought) Publishing Ltd, Peterborough, Cambs C8X In the echoey tunnel. Reid, Christo- (1992-09, 1992-11, 199). Sample con- pher, Faber & Faber Ltd, London taining about 44524 words from a peri- (1991), 1-36. Sample containing about odical (domain: leisure) 3545 words from a book (domain: C98 Fields in the sun. Sunley, Margaret, imaginative) Century Hutchinson, London (1991). C8Y Caring for elderly parents. Deeping, Sample containing about 41843 words Eleanor, Constable & Company Ltd, from a book (domain: imaginative) London (1979), 7-125. Sample con- C9A The fate of the dinosaurs: new per- taining about 40567 words from a book spectives in evolution. Milne, Antony, (domain: social science) Prism Press, Bridport, Dorset (1991), 3- C90 Empire and the English character. 129. Sample containing about 36893 Tidrick, Kathryn, I B Tauris & Com- words from a book (domain: natural pany Ltd, London (1992), 172-260. sciences) Sample containing about 40509 words C9B The philosophy of Gandhi. Richards, from a book (domain: world affairs) Glyn, Curzon Press Ltd, London C91 Everyday Electronics incorporating (1991). Sample containing about 27819 Electronics Monthly. Wimborne Pub- words from a book (domain: belief and lishing Ltd, Wimborne (1992-07, 1992- thought) 06). Sample containing about 34928 C9C The Gardener. Maxwell Consumer words from a periodical (domain: ap- Magazines, London (1992-12, 1991- plied science) 03). Sample containing about 15430 C92 Everyday Electronics incorporating words from a periodical (domain: Electronics Monthly. Wimborne Pub- leisure) lishing Ltd, Wimborne (1992-07, 1992- C9D A history of the Geological Survey in 06). Sample containing about 38005 Scotland. Wilson, R B, Natural En- words from a periodical (domain: ap- vironment Resources Council (1977), plied science) 3-20. Sample containing about 8042 C93 The East Yorkshire village book. Coun- words from a book (domain: applied tryside Books, Newbury, Berks (1991), science) 115-225. Sample containing about C9E Golf Monthly. Specialist & Leisure 39291 words from a book (domain: Magazines Group, London (1991-02, 140 12. List of works excerpted

1992-11). Sample containing about containing about 37784 words from a 30402 words from a periodical (do- book (domain: arts) main: leisure) C9V Homeopathy for everyone. Gibson, C9F Good Food. Redwood Publishing Robin and Gibson, Sheila, Penguin Company., London (1992-12, 1991- Group, London (1987), 37-173. Sample 03, 199). Sample containing about containing about 38555 words from a 38367 words from a periodical (do- book (domain: applied science) main: leisure) C9W Hypnosis regression therapy. C9H Guitarist. Music Maker Publications, Markham, Ursula, Piatkus Books, Lon- Ely, Cambs (1992-08/1993-01). Sam- don (1991), 1-98. Sample containing ple containing about 40952 words from about 33525 words from a book (do- a periodical (domain: arts) main: applied science) C9J Guitarist. Music Maker Publications, C9X Ideal Home. South Bank Publish- Ely, Cambs (1992-08/1993-01). Sam- ing group, London (1991-04 1991- ple containing about 53361 words from 06, 1992). Sample containing about a periodical (domain: arts) 32909 words from a periodical (do- C9K Guitarist. Music Maker Publications, main: leisure) Ely, Cambs (1992-08/1993-01). Sam- C9Y Rosemary Conley’s inch loss plan. ple containing about 59525 words from Conley, Rosemary, Arrow Books Ltd, a periodical (domain: arts) London (1990), 7-148. Sample con- C9L Guitarist. Music Maker Publications, taining about 37441 words from a book Ely, Cambs (1992-08/1993-01). Sam- (domain: leisure) ple containing about 59174 words from CA0 Polo. Cooper, Jilly, Bantam (Corgi), a periodical (domain: arts) London (1991), 162-267. Sample con- C9M Guitarist. Music Maker Publications, taining about 40478 words from a book Ely, Cambs (1992-08/1993-01). Sam- (domain: imaginative) ple containing about 60473 words from CA1 Kites. Moulton, Ron and Lloyd, Pat, a periodical (domain: arts) Argus Books, Hemel Hempstead, Herts C9N Guitarist. Music Maker Publications, (1992), 10-169. Sample containing Ely, Cambs (1992-08/1993-01). Sam- about 41235 words from a book (do- ple containing about 58764 words from main: leisure) a periodical (domain: arts) CA2 Machine Knitting Monthly. Machine C9P Hair Flair 1992. Shaws Publications Knitting Monthly Ltd, Maidenhead Ltd, London (1992-11). Sample con- (1992-08). Sample containing about taining about 14420 words from a pe- 27749 words from a periodical (do- riodical (domain: leisure) main: leisure) C9R Hearing loss? A guide to self-help. CA3 Lee’s ghost. Pulsford, Petronella, McCall, Rosemary, Robert Hale Ltd, Constable & Company Ltd, London London (1992), 74-200. Sample con- (1990), 24-135. Sample containing taining about 41171 words from a book about 34766 words from a book (do- (domain: social science) main: imaginative) C9S High risk lives. Lincoln, Paul, Kauf- CA4 Linear and nonlinear programming. mann, Tara (eds.), Prism Press, Brid- Hartley, Roger, Ellis Horwood Ltd, port, Dorset (1991), 126-248. Sample Chichester (1985), 85-182. Sample containing about 39150 words from a containing about 25248 words from a book (domain: world affairs) book (domain: natural sciences) C9U Dustin Hoffman. Bergan, Ronald, Vir- CA5 Living magically. Edwards, Gill, gin, London (1991), 43-136. Sample Judy Piatkus (Publishers) Ltd, London 12. List of works excerpted 141

(1991), 45-160. Sample containing tion House, London (1992-04-10/1992- about 37737 words from a book (do- 05-15). Sample containing about 44439 main: belief and thought) words from a periodical (domain: world CA6 Elizabeth and Ivy. Liddell, Robert, Pe- affairs) ter Owen Publishers, London (1986), CAG New Statesman and Society. Founda- 15-111. Sample containing about tion House, London (1992-04-10/1992- 33908 words from a book (domain: 05-15). Sample containing about 49153 arts) words from a periodical (domain: world CA7 Madeira: the complete guide. Farrow, affairs) Susan and Farrow, John, Robert Hale CAH New Statesman and Society. Founda- Ltd, London (1990), 22-121. Sample tion House, London (1992-04-10/1992- containing about 41184 words from a 05-15). Sample containing about 46719 book (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: world CA8 Malta: the hurricane years 1940- affairs) 41. Malizia, Nicola, Cull, Brian and CAJ New Statesman and Society. Founda- Shores, Christopher, Grub Street, Lon- tion House, London (1992-04-10/1992- don (1987), 144-253. Sample contain- 05-15). Sample containing about 41313 ing about 33595 words from a book (do- words from a periodical (domain: world main: world affairs) affairs) CA9 A coward’s chronicles. Caine, Marti, CAK New Statesman and Society. Founda- Century Hutchinson, London (1990), 1- tion House, London (1992-04-10/1992- 139. Sample containing about 41306 05-15). Sample containing about 32025 words from a book (domain: belief and words from a periodical (domain: world thought) affairs) CAA New Millennium summer holidays. CAL New Statesman and Society. Founda- u.p.. Sample containing about 6383 tion House, London (1992-04-10/1992- words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) 05-15). Sample containing about 39827 CAB Goodnight Mister Tom. Mago- words from a periodical (domain: world rian, Michelle, Puffin, Harmondsworth affairs) (1983), 22-156. Sample containing CAM The negotiator. Forsyth, Frederick, about 41949 words from a book (do- Bantam (Corgi), London (1989), 186- main: imaginative) 278. Sample containing about 35796 CAC Myths, gods and fantasy: a source- words from a book (domain: imagina- book. Allardice, Pamela, Prism Press, tive) Bridport, Dorset (1990), 30-155. Sam- CAN New technology at work. Francis, ple containing about 40410 words from Arthur, Oxford University Press, Ox- a book (domain: belief and thought) ford (1986), 1-103. Sample containing CAD New Musical Express. Holborn Pub- about 37895 words from a book (do- lishing Group, London (1991-03-16, main: commerce) 1992-01-9). Sample containing about CAP Nursing Times. Macmillan Magazines 59510 words from a periodical (do- Ltd, London (1992-11-11/1992-11-17). main: arts) Sample containing about 41593 words CAE New Musical Express. Holborn Pub- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- lishing Group, London (1991-03-16, ence) 1992-01-9). Sample containing about CAR Orkney: a place of safety?. Black, 49100 words from a periodical (do- Robert, Canongate Press plc, Edinburgh main: arts) (1992), 9-103. Sample containing about CAF New Statesman and Society. Founda- 38076 words from a book (domain: so- 142 12. List of works excerpted

cial science) ing, Reading (1991-03, 1992-03, 199). CAS Punch. Punch Publications Ltd, Lon- Sample containing about 34549 words don (1992-01-29/1992-04-08). Sample from a periodical (domain: leisure) containing about 20884 words from a CB4 Running. Stonehart Leisure Mag- periodical (domain: leisure) azines, London (1991-04, 1992-05). CAT Punch. Punch Publications Ltd, Lon- Sample containing about 30535 words don (1992-01-29/1992-04-08). Sample from a periodical (domain: leisure) containing about 20411 words from a CB5 Ruth Appleby. Rhodes, Elvi, Corgi periodical (domain: leisure) Books, London (1992), 109-226. Sam- CAU Pilot. Pilot Publishing Company Ltd, ple containing about 41727 words from London (1992-06, 1992-11). Sample a book (domain: imaginative) containing about 39896 words from a CB6 A short history of Sussex. Lower- periodical (domain: leisure) son, John, William Dawson & Son Ltd, CAV Pink rock and postcards. Little, Edith, Folkestone, Kent (1980), 29-140. Sam- Heatherbank Press, Glasgow (1987), 5- ple containing about 40593 words from 43. Sample containing about 3961 a book (domain: world affairs) words from a book (domain: imagina- CB7 A sensible life. Wesley, Mary, Bantam tive) (Corgi), London (1990), 94-226. Sam- CAW A preface to Wordsworth. Purkis, ple containing about 39515 words from John, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- a book (domain: imaginative) low (1986), 11-151. Sample containing CB8 She. The National Magazine Company about 38962 words from a book (do- Ltd, London (1989-10, 1992-05, 199). main: arts) Sample containing about 57982 words CAX Polly and the privet bird. Cartwright, from a periodical (domain: leisure) Reg and Cartwright, Ann, Random CB9 The sign of the serpent. Balfour, House Children’s Books, London Mark, Prism Press, Bridport, Dorset (1992). Sample containing about 1130 (1990), 11-168. Sample containing words from a book (domain: imagina- about 32864 words from a book (do- tive) main: belief and thought) CAY Learning to fly radio controlled he- CBA Crime, justice and society in colonial licopters. Day, Dave, Argus Books, Sri Lanka. Rogers, John D, Curzon Hemel Hempstead, Herts (1990), 7-59. Press Ltd, London (1987), 1-116. Sam- Sample containing about 17723 words ple containing about 40618 words from from a book (domain: leisure) a book (domain: world affairs) CB0 Rich. Raine, Craig, Faber & Faber Ltd, CBB Stamford myths and legends. Smith, London (1984), 13-101. Sample con- Martin, Paul Watkins, Stamford, Lincs taining about 13334 words from a book (1991), 15-108. Sample containing (domain: imaginative) about 19180 words from a book (do- CB1 Reason and spontaneity. Graham, A main: belief and thought) C, Curzon Press Ltd, London (1985), CBC Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, 1-60. Sample containing about 37276 London (1992-12). Sample containing words from a book (domain: belief and about 234249 words from a periodical thought) (domain: social science) CB2 Rugby World and Post. Rugby Publish- CBD Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, ing, Reading (1991-03, 1992-03, 199). London (1992-12). Sample containing Sample containing about 36329 words about 22390 words from a periodical from a periodical (domain: leisure) (domain: commerce) CB3 Rugby World and Post. Rugby Publish- CBE Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, 12. List of works excerpted 143

London (1992-12). Sample containing ing about 40443 words from a book (do- about 46974 words from a periodical main: social science) (domain: world affairs) CBS The fifth child. Lessing, Doris, Cape, CBF Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, London (1988), 3-107. Sample con- London (1992-12). Sample containing taining about 39554 words from a book about 238754 words from a periodical (domain: imaginative) (domain: world affairs) CBT Accountancy. Institute of Char- CBG Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, tered Accountants, London (1993-19- London (1992-12). Sample containing 19). Sample containing about 77755 about 237472 words from a periodical words from a periodical (domain: com- (domain: leisure) merce) CBH Some psychic and political dimensions CBU Accountancy. Institute of Char- of work experiences. Gordon Lawrence, tered Accountants, London (1993-19- W., Tavistock Institute of Human Rela- 19). Sample containing about 106311 tions (1982), 1-35. Sample containing words from a periodical (domain: com- about 20036 words of miscellanea (do- merce) main: social science) CBV Accountancy. Institute of Char- CBJ The Titford family 1547-1947. Tit- tered Accountants, London (1992-19- ford, John, Phillimore & Company Ltd, 19). Sample containing about 87311 Chichester (1989), 84-165. Sample words from a periodical (domain: com- containing about 37052 words from a merce) book (domain: world affairs) CBW Accountancy. Institute of Char- CBK The tramways of Croydon. Badde- tered Accountants, London (1992-19- ley, G E, Light Rail Transit Association, 19). Sample containing about 89827 London (1983), 59-135. Sample con- words from a periodical (domain: com- taining about 40776 words from a book merce) (domain: leisure) CBX Accountancy. Institute of Char- CBL Popular tropical aquarium plants. de tered Accountants, London (1992-19- Thabrew, W Vivian, Thornhill Press, 19). Sample containing about 92066 Cheltenham (1981), 25-185. Sample words from a periodical (domain: com- containing about 23152 words from a merce) book (domain: leisure) CBY Accountancy. Institute of Char- CBM Ulster Newsletter. Century Newspa- tered Accountants, London (1992-19- pers Ltd, Belfast (1991-11-05). Sample 19). Sample containing about 94990 containing about 16888 words from a words from a periodical (domain: com- periodical (domain: world affairs) merce) CBN Van Gogh: a life. Callow, Philip, CC0 The Artist’s and Illustrator’s Maga- W H Allen & Company plc, London zine. Artist’s & Illustrator’s Mag, Lon- (1990), 65-167. Sample containing don (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 42054 words from a book (do- about 20271 words from a periodical main: arts) (domain: arts) CBP The complete video course. Brookes, CC1 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- Keith, Boxtree, London (1989), 7-119. zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about Sample containing about 39083 words 4126 words of unpublished miscellanea from a book (domain: leisure) (domain: belief and thought) CBR Aspects of language teaching. Wid- CC2 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- dowson, H G, Oxford University Press, zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about Oxford (1990), 1-115. Sample contain- 3058 words of unpublished miscellanea 144 12. List of works excerpted

(domain: belief and thought) CCE Enemy territory. Walker, Andrew, CC3 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about Kent (1988), 21-140. Sample contain- 4728 words of unpublished miscellanea ing about 40824 words from a book (do- (domain: belief and thought) main: belief and thought) CC4 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- CCF Middlesbrough Diocesan Catholic zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about Voice. Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, 2160 words of unpublished miscellanea Liverpool (1992-11). Sample contain- (domain: belief and thought) ing about 8501 words from a periodical CC5 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- (domain: belief and thought) zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about CCG Leeds Diocesan Catholic Voice. 3794 words of unpublished miscellanea Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- (domain: belief and thought) erpool (1992-11). Sample containing CC6 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- about 7402 words from a periodical zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about (domain: belief and thought) 4172 words of unpublished miscellanea CCH Shrewsbury Diocesan Catholic Voice. (domain: belief and thought) Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- CC7 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- erpool (1992-11). Sample containing zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about about 8676 words from a periodical 6839 words of unpublished miscellanea (domain: belief and thought) (domain: belief and thought) CCJ Shrewsbury Diocesan Catholic Voice. CC8 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about erpool (1992-11). Sample containing 3640 words of unpublished miscellanea about 6572 words from a periodical (domain: belief and thought) (domain: belief and thought) CC9 [Queen’s Park Baptist church maga- CCK The rise and fall of Nicolae and Elena zines]. u.p.. Sample containing about Ceausescu. Almond, Mark, Chapmans 7851 words of unpublished miscellanea Publishers Ltd, London (1992), 73-190. (domain: belief and thought) Sample containing about 40968 words CCA A bad spell for the worst witch. from a book (domain: world affairs) Murphy, Jill, Puffin, Harmondsworth CCL I believe in church growth. Gibbs, (1988), 7-128. Sample containing about Eddie, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, 12295 words from a book (domain: Sevenoaks, Kent (1992). Sample con- imaginative) taining about 38609 words from a book CCB Understanding book-collecting. Uden, (domain: belief and thought) Grant, Antique Collectors Club, Wood- CCM Circle of friends. Binchy, Maeve, bridge, Suffolk (1986), 32-196. Sample Coronet Books, London (1991). Sam- containing about 41784 words from a ple containing about 38395 words from book (domain: leisure) a book (domain: imaginative) CCC British intelligence services in action. CCN The circle of nine. Gilchrist, Cherry, Lindsay, Kennedy, Dunrod Press, Dun- Penguin Group, London (1991). Sam- dalk, Ireland (1980), 74-176. Sample ple containing about 37839 words from containing about 39645 words from a a book (domain: belief and thought) book (domain: world affairs) CCP Climber and Hill Walker. George CCD The child bride. Wiat, Philippa, Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow Robert Hale Ltd, London (1990). Sam- (1992-19-19). Sample containing about ple containing about 42589 words from 28368 words from a periodical (do- a book (domain: imaginative) main: leisure) 12. List of works excerpted 145

CCR The culture of labourism. Marriott, from a book (domain: imaginative) John, Edinburgh University Press, Ed- CD3 The English way of death – the com- inburgh (1991), 1-67. Sample contain- mon funeral since 1450. Litten, Julian, ing about 29348 words from a book (do- Robert Hale Ltd, London (1991), 5-118. main: world affairs) Sample containing about 40785 words CCS Commandoes and rangers of World from a book (domain: world affairs) War II. Ladd, James, Macdonald & CD4 The English mystics of the 14th cen- Jane Publishers, London (1979), 12-82. tury. Armstrong, Karen (ed.), Kyle Sample containing about 35663 words Cathie Ltd, London (1991). Sample from a book (domain: world affairs) containing about 14068 words from a CCT Consumers and credit. National Con- book (domain: belief and thought) sumer Council, London (1980), 12-110. CD5 The Face. Nick Logan, London (1992- Sample containing about 39608 words 19-19), 11-130. Sample containing from a book (domain: commerce) about 41039 words from a periodical CCU [Collection of publishing contracts]. (domain: arts) u.p.. Sample containing about 35883 CD6 The Face. Nick Logan, London (1992- words of unpublished miscellanea (do- 19-19), 7-109. Sample containing about main: commerce) 36309 words from a periodical (do- CCV Cox on Cox. Cox, Brian, Hod- main: arts) der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent CD8 Flowers of chivalry. Tranter, Nigel, (1991), 3-112. Sample containing about Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, 39973 words from a book (domain: so- Kent (1987), 74-177. Sample contain- cial science) ing about 36404 words from a book (do- CCW Crackdown. Cornwell, Bernard, main: world affairs) Michael Joseph Ltd, London (1990), CD9 The champions of Formula 1 from Fan- 15-124. Sample containing about gio to Piquet. Botsford, Keith, Stanley 40408 words from a book (domain: Paul, London (1988), 11-98. Sample imaginative) containing about 39727 words from a CCX Do It Yourself. Link House Magazines book (domain: leisure) Ltd, Croydon (1992-19-19), 4-62. Sam- CDA Foxbat. Cave, Peter, Severn House, ple containing about 31460 words from Wallington, Surrey (1979), 11-146. a periodical (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 38923 words CCY Do It Yourself Magazine. Link House from a book (domain: imaginative) Magazines Ltd, Croydon (1992-19- CDB A fatal inversion. Vine, Barbara, 19), 4-70. Sample containing about Viking, London (1987), 19-117. Sam- 26220 words from a periodical (do- ple containing about 38169 words from main: leisure) a book (domain: imaginative) CD0 Debt collection made easy. Buckland, CDC Unfinished: George Appleton remem- Peter, Kogan Page Ltd, London (1988). bers and reflects. Appleton, George, Sample containing about 16878 words Collins, UK (1990), 5-117. Sample from a book (domain: commerce) containing about 39928 words from a CD1 Distant relations. Conlon, Kathleen, book (domain: belief and thought) Grafton Books, London (1990), 32-137. CDD Guests of the nation. Jones, Tara and Sample containing about 39170 words Allen, Robert, Earthscan Publications from a book (domain: imaginative) Ltd, London (1990), 46-123. Sample CD2 A dark star passing. Hill, Pamela, containing about 30388 words from a Robert Hale Ltd, London (1990), 7-113. book (domain: world affairs) Sample containing about 40953 words CDE Guilty parties. Street, Pamela, Robert 146 12. List of works excerpted

Hale Ltd, London (1990). Sample con- CDS On my way to the club. Kennedy, Lu- taining about 40933 words from a book dovic, Fontana Press, London (1990), (domain: imaginative) 302-397. Sample containing about CDF Hotel and catering case studies. Ab- 36527 words from a book (domain: bott, Peter and Shepherd, John, Cas- world affairs) sell, London (1989). Sample containing CDT How to live safely in a dangerous about 39212 words from a book (do- world. Romain, Simon, Robson Books main: commerce) Ltd, London (1989), 10-119. Sample CDG Hollywood rogues. Munn, Michael, containing about 21954 words from a Robson Books Ltd, London (1991), 47- book (domain: leisure) 173. Sample containing about 37745 CDU Mass communication in Africa. Myt- words from a book (domain: leisure) ton, Graham, Edward Arnold (Publish- CDH Hair Flair. Shaws Publications Ltd, ers) Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent (1983). Sam- London (1992-19-19), 4-58. Sample ple containing about 39723 words from containing about 9767 words from a pe- a book (domain: social science) riodical (domain: leisure) CDV The road to Middle-Earth. Shippey, CDJ Hair Flair. Shaws Publications Ltd, T A, Allen & Unwin, London (1982), London (1992-19-19). Sample contain- 103-192. Sample containing about ing about 11782 words from a periodi- 41402 words from a book (domain: cal (domain: leisure) arts) CDK Having it all. Stoker, Linda, Blooms- CDW Morality and the market-place. Grif- bury Publishing Ltd, London (1991), fiths, Brian, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, 13-148. Sample containing about Sevenoaks, Kent (1989), 13-124. Sam- 28793 words from a book (domain: ap- ple containing about 39012 words from plied science) a book (domain: commerce) CDL A history of literary criticism. CDX Mother without a mask. Holton, Pa- Blamires, Harry, Macmillan Publish- tricia, Kyle Cathie Ltd, London (1991), ers Ltd, Basingstoke (1991), 127-258. 59-157. Sample containing about Sample containing about 38950 words 41083 words from a book (domain: be- from a book (domain: arts) lief and thought) CDM Where there’s life. Dayus, Kathleen, CDY No enemy but time. Anthony, Evelyn, Virago Press Ltd, London (1991), 1- Arrow Books Ltd, London (1987), 5- 107. Sample containing about 42878 105. Sample containing about 36956 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: imagina- fairs) tive) CDN The latchkey kid. Forrester, Helen, CE0 Now then Davos. Wiley, Martin, Fontana Press, London (1990). Sample Harmer, David and McMillan, Ian, containing about 41246 words from a Amazing Colossal Press, Retford, Notts book (domain: imaginative) (1991). Sample containing about 3460 CDP Law for the haulier. Brown, Largent, words from a book (domain: imagina- Kogan Page Ltd, London (1987), 25- tive) 160. Sample containing about 34493 CE1 Counselling older people. Scrutton, words from a book (domain: social sci- Steve, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd, ence) Sevenoaks, Kent (1991), 56-147. Sam- CDR Total health and fitness. Webb, Lizzie, ple containing about 38052 words from Boxtree, London (1989), 7-138. Sam- a book (domain: social science) ple containing about 39335 words from CE2 Points to prove. Calligan, Stewart, Po- a book (domain: leisure) lice Review Publishing, London (1987), 12. List of works excerpted 147

1-146. Sample containing about 41761 CED Appropriate technology in the devel- words from a book (domain: social sci- oping world. Woodall, N, u.p.. Sam- ence) ple containing about 9754 words of un- CE4 Pressed flowers. Sheen, Joanna, Mere- published miscellanea (domain: applied hurst Ltd, London (1991), 20-142. science) Sample containing about 35497 words CEE The art of starvation. MacLeod, from a book (domain: leisure) Sheila, Virago Press Ltd, London CE5 The professionals: volume 15. Bul- (1989), 24-109. Sample containing mer, Kenneth, Severn House, Walling- about 36360 words from a book (do- ton, Surrey (1983), 1-122. Sample con- main: social science) taining about 41534 words from a book CEF Status: what it is and how to achieve it. (domain: imaginative) Davies, Philippa, Piatkus Books, Lon- CE6 Personal vendetta. Bitumen, John, don (1991). Sample containing about Amazing Colossal Press, Retford, Notts 37485 words from a book (domain: be- (1990), 3-28. Sample containing about lief and thought) 4091 words from a book (domain: CEG The new science of strong materials. imaginative) Gordon, J E, Penguin Group, London CE7 Protests and visions. Hinton, James, (1991), 63-172. Sample containing Hutchinson Radius, London (1989), 20- about 36337 words from a book (do- 152. Sample containing about 39144 main: applied science) words from a book (domain: world af- CEH All the sweet promises. Elgin, Eliz- fairs) abeth, Grafton Books, London (1991), CE8 A right approach to economics?. 7-135. Sample containing about 41405 Hardy, Peter, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, words from a book (domain: imagina- Sevenoaks, Kent (1991), 21-124. Sam- tive) ple containing about 41372 words from CEJ The synoptic gospels: an interpreta- a book (domain: commerce) tion for today. Cooper, Robin, Hod- CE9 Railway ghosts and phantoms. Her- der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent bert, W B, David & Charles Publishers (1990), 1-120. Sample containing about plc, Newton Abbot, Devon (1992), 57- 40880 words from a book (domain: be- 200. Sample containing about 40511 lief and thought) words from a book (domain: world af- CEK Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, fairs) London (1992-12). Sample containing CEA Lords of the scaffold. Abbott, Geof- about 124295 words from a periodical frey, Robert Hale Ltd, London (1991), (domain: social science) 60-166. Sample containing about CEL Today [business news]. News Group 34933 words from a book (domain: Newspapers Ltd, London (1992-12). world affairs) Sample containing about 21874 words CEB A season for murder. Granger, Ann, from a periodical (domain: commerce) Headline Book Publishing plc, Lon- CEM Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, don (1991), 21-134. Sample containing London (1992-12). Sample containing about 37282 words from a book (do- about 44233 words from a periodical main: imaginative) (domain: world affairs) CEC Sons of heaven. Strong, Terence, Hod- CEN Today. News Group Newspapers Ltd, der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent London (1992-12). Sample containing (1990), 73-154. Sample containing about 123035 words from a periodical about 37849 words from a book (do- (domain: world affairs) main: imaginative) CEP Today: sports pages. News Group 148 12. List of works excerpted

Newspapers Ltd, London (1992-12). 3504 words from a periodical (domain: Sample containing about 202283 words world affairs) from a periodical (domain: leisure) CF6 East Anglian Daily Times. East An- CER Too hot to handle. Close, Frank, glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich Penguin Group, London (1992), 1-101. (1993-03). Sample containing about Sample containing about 41137 words 6172 words from a periodical (domain: from a book (domain: natural sciences) world affairs) CES Undertaken with love. Spottiswoode, CF7 East Anglian Daily Times. East An- Jane, Robert Hale Ltd, London (1991), glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich 13-122. Sample containing about (1993-03). Sample containing about 39407 words from a book (domain: be- 496 words from a periodical (domain: lief and thought) world affairs) CET The great unsolved mysteries of sci- CF8 East Anglian Daily Times. East An- ence. Grant, John, Quintet Publishing glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich Ltd, London (1990), 8-123. Sample (1993-03). Sample containing about containing about 40486 words from a 13443 words from a periodical (do- book (domain: natural sciences) main: world affairs) CEU Wings. Pratchett, Terry, Corgi Books, CF9 East Anglian Daily Times. East An- London (1992), 13-172. Sample con- glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich taining about 40975 words from a book (1993-03). Sample containing about (domain: imaginative) 43600 words from a periodical (do- CEV To you with love. Stephenson, Josie, main: leisure) Arthur H Stockwell, Ilfracombe (1988), CFA East Anglian Daily Times. East An- 7-46. Sample containing about 4484 glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich words from a book (domain: imagina- (1993-03). Sample containing about tive) 2378 words from a periodical (domain: CEW Mozart: a bicentennial tribute. world affairs) Thompson, Wendy, Quintet Publishing CFB East Anglian Daily Times. East An- Ltd, London (1989), 6-115. Sample glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich containing about 29302 words from a (1993-03). Sample containing about book (domain: arts) 29047 words from a periodical (do- CEX A woman of my age. Bawden, Nina, main: world affairs) Virago Press Ltd, London (1991), 15- CFC East Anglian Daily Times. East An- 131. Sample containing about 42407 glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich words from a book (domain: imagina- (1993-03). Sample containing about tive) 43674 words from a periodical (do- CEY A woman of style. McDowell, Colin, main: world affairs) Rowan (Arrow), London (1991), 7-133. CFD Action. World Assoc for Christian Sample containing about 42794 words Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample from a book (domain: imaginative) containing about 6657 words from a pe- CF4 Radical records. Cant, Bob, Hem- riodical (domain: belief and thought) mings, Susan (eds.), Routledge & CFE Age and vulnerability. Stevenson, Kegan Paul plc, London (1988). Sam- Olive and Key, Michael, Edward ple containing about 41812 words from Arnold (Publishers) Ltd, Sevenoaks, a book (domain: social science) Kent (1990). Sample containing about CF5 East Anglian Daily Times. East An- 36929 words from a book (domain: so- glian Daily Times Company, Ipswich cial science) (1993-03). Sample containing about CFF Alternative saints. Symonds, Richard, 12. List of works excerpted 149

Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke Sample containing about 7328 words of (1988). Sample containing about 39134 miscellanea (domain: commerce) words from a book (domain: world af- CFV [Advertising Standards Authority]. fairs) u.p.. Sample containing about 30438 CFG Amnesty. Amnesty International, Lon- words of miscellanea (domain: com- don (1992-19-19). Sample containing merce) about 7262 words from a periodical CFW Report of The British Geological (domain: world affairs) Survey 1990-1991. Natural Environ- CFH Amnesty. Amnesty International, Lon- ment Research Council, Swindon, Wilts don (1992-19-19). Sample containing (1991), 2-54. Sample containing about about 17459 words from a periodical 41709 words of miscellanea (domain: (domain: world affairs) natural sciences) CFJ A tale of Anabelle Hedgehog. Law- CFX Sounds from the bell jar. Pryor, Ruth, head, Stephen, Lion Publishing plc, Ox- Watkins, Gwen and Claridge, Gordon, ford (1990). Sample containing about Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke 17414 words from a book (domain: (1990). Sample containing about 32757 imaginative) words from a book (domain: arts) CFK An archaeology of the early Anglo- CFY My beloved son. Cookson, Catherine, Saxon kingdoms. Routledge & Kegan Corgi Books, London (1992), 85-221. Paul plc, London (1988). Sample con- Sample containing about 38926 words taining about 40559 words from a book from a book (domain: imaginative) (domain: world affairs) CG0 China’s students. Cherrington, Ruth, CFL The Artist’s and Illustrator’s Maga- Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London zine. Artist’s & Illustrator’s Mag, Lon- (1991), 51-131. Sample containing don (1991-10). Sample containing about 35836 words from a book (do- about 19509 words from a periodical main: world affairs) (domain: arts) CG1 Climber and Hill Walker. George CFM [Adverts from country living]. u.p.. Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow Sample containing about 5669 words of (1991-19-19). Sample containing about miscellanea (domain: commerce) 31053 words from a periodical (do- CFN [Adverts from The National Trust main: leisure) Magazine]. u.p.. Sample containing CG2 Climber and Hill Walker. George about 7521 words of miscellanea (do- Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow main: leisure) (1991-19-19). Sample containing about CFP [Adverts from Parents]. u.p.. Sample 32599 words from a periodical (do- containing about 7344 words of miscel- main: leisure) lanea (domain: commerce) CG3 Creative writing. Casterton, Julia, CFR [Leaflets advertising goods and prod- Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke ucts]. u.p.. Sample containing about (1992), 1-96. A practical guide. Sample 23409 words of miscellanea (domain: containing about 35011 words from a commerce) book (domain: arts) CFS [Adverts from Clothes Show]. u.p.. CG5 Do It Yourself. Link House Maga- Sample containing about 37735 words zines Ltd, Milton Keynes (1992-19-19). of miscellanea (domain: commerce) Sample containing about 28922 words CFT [Goods adverts]. u.p.. Sample con- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- taining about 59757 words of miscel- ence) lanea (domain: commerce) CG6 Early language development. Harris, CFU [Adverts from The Economist]. u.p.. John, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, 150 12. List of works excerpted

London (1990), 67-170. Sample con- Lincs (1991-11). Sample containing taining about 38242 words from a book about 33183 words from a periodical (domain: social science) (domain: world affairs) CG7 Electronic publishing. John Wiley CGL FlyPast. Key Publishing, Stamford, & Sons Ltd, Chichester (1991-19-19). Lincs (1992-19-19). Sample containing Sample containing about 839 words about 41304 words from a periodical from a periodical (domain: applied sci- (domain: world affairs) ence) CGM Hair Flair. Shaws Publications Ltd, CG8 Electronic publishing. John Wiley & London (1992-19-19). Sample contain- Sons Ltd, Chichester (1992-06). Sam- ing about 10682 words from a periodi- ple containing about 4106 words from a cal (domain: leisure) periodical (domain: applied science) CGN Hair Flair. Shaws Publications Ltd, CG9 Electronic publishing. John Wiley & London (1992-19-19). Sample contain- Sons Ltd, Chichester (1992-06). Sam- ing about 9515 words from a periodical ple containing about 13194 words from (domain: leisure) a periodical (domain: applied science) CGP Hair Flair. Shaws Publications Ltd, CGA Electronic publishing. John Wiley London (1992-19-19). Sample contain- & Sons Ltd, Chichester (1992-19-19). ing about 11325 words from a periodi- Sample containing about 11725 words cal (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- CGS Professionals and parents: manag- ence) ing children’s behaviour. Randall, Pe- CGB The Face. Nick Logan, London (1992- ter and Gibb, Charles, Macmillan Pub- 19-19). Sample containing about 36665 lishers Ltd, Basingstoke (1989), 1-124. words from a periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 32126 words CGC The Face. Nick Logan, London (1992- from a book (domain: applied science) 19-19). Sample containing about 40108 CGT Behaviour problems in young chil- words from a periodical (domain: arts) dren. Douglas, Jo, Routledge & Kegan CGD Family work with elderly people. Paul plc, London (1992), 16-131. Sam- Froggatt, Alison, Macmillan Publishers ple containing about 37009 words from Ltd, Basingstoke (1990), 1-107. Sam- a book (domain: applied science) ple containing about 38630 words from CGU Machine Knitting Monthly. Ma- a book (domain: social science) chine Knitting Monthly Ltd, Maiden- CGE Facing conflict. Lawson, Michael, head (1992-19-19). Sample containing Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, about 27732 words from a periodical Kent (1991), 13-158. Sample contain- (domain: leisure) ing about 41009 words from a book (do- CGV Machine Knitting Monthly. Ma- main: belief and thought) chine Knitting Monthly Ltd, Maiden- CGF Feminism and linguistic theory. head (1992-19-19). Sample containing Cameron, Deborah, Macmillan Pub- about 26906 words from a periodical lishers Ltd, Basingstoke (1992), 36- (domain: leisure) 128. Sample containing about 36582 CGW Machine Knitting Monthly. Ma- words from a book (domain: arts) chine Knitting Monthly Ltd, Maiden- CGH Practical fishkeeping. EMAP Pursuit head (1992-19-19). Sample containing Publishing Ltd, Peterborough, Cambs about 26130 words from a periodical (1992-19-19). Sample containing about (domain: leisure) 45902 words from a periodical (do- CGX Machine Knitting Monthly. Ma- main: leisure) chine Knitting Monthly Ltd, Maiden- CGJ FlyPast. Key Publishing, Stamford, head (1992-19-19). Sample containing 12. List of works excerpted 151

about 30494 words from a periodical words from a book (domain: arts) (domain: leisure) CH9 The Minpins. Dahl, Roald, Cape, Lon- CGY Knowledge ideology and discourse. don (1991), 5-48. Sample containing Dant, Tim, Routledge & Kegan Paul about 7270 words from a book (domain: plc, London (1991), 33-119. Sample imaginative) containing about 35677 words from a CHA New Musical Express. Holborn book (domain: social science) Publishing Group, London (1992-95). CH0 Krokodil tears. Yeovil, Jack, GW Sample containing about 83385 words Books Ltd, Brighton (1990), 9-152. from a periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 40821 words CHB New Musical Express. Holborn Pub- from a book (domain: imaginative) lishing Group, London (1991-03-16). CH1 The Daily Mirror. Mirror Group Sample containing about 48691 words Newspapers, London (1992-08/1992- from a periodical (domain: arts) 10). Sample containing about 144485 CHC Nuclear weapons, the peace move- words from a periodical (domain: ment and the law. Dewar, John, Pic- leisure) ciotto, Sol, Ruete, M, Paliwala, A CH2 The Daily Mirror. Mirror Group (eds.), Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Bas- Newspapers, London (1992-08/1992- ingstoke (1986), 1-46. Sample contain- 10). Sample containing about 187088 ing about 39143 words from a book (do- words from a periodical (domain: main: world affairs) leisure) CHE Owl light. Hadwick, Jon, Kyle Cathie CH3 The Daily Mirror. Mirror Group Ltd, London (1991), 13-146. Sample Newspapers, London (1992-08/1992- containing about 39583 words from a 10). Sample containing about 124251 book (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: CHF The use of orthographic and lexical in- leisure) formation for handwriting recognition. CH4 Matilda. Dahl, Roald, Puffin, Har- Wells, Cynthia Joyce, u.p.. Sample mondsworth (1989), 7-240. Sample containing about 36503 words of un- containing about 43381 words from a published miscellanea (domain: applied book (domain: imaginative) science) CH5 The Daily Mirror. Mirror Group CHG The other side of paradise. Barber, Newspapers, London (1992-08/1992- Noel, Coronet Books, London (1992), 10). Sample containing about 80241 3-108. Sample containing about 39666 words from a periodical (domain: words from a book (domain: imagina- leisure) tive) CH6 The Daily Mirror. Mirror Group CHH Outdoor Action. Hawker Consumer Newspapers, London (1992-08/1992- Publications, London (1992-19-19). 10). Sample containing about 134171 Sample containing about 27282 words words from a periodical (domain: from a periodical (domain: leisure) leisure) CHJ Outdoor Action. Hawker Consumer CH7 The Daily Mirror. Mirror Group Publications, London (1992-19-19). Newspapers, London (1992-08/1992- Sample containing about 22287 words 10). Sample containing about 87903 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: CHK Outdoor Action. Hawker Consumer leisure) Publications, London (1992-19-19). CH8 In good company. Aspel, Michael, Sample containing about 26923 words Robson Books Ltd, London (1989), 13- from a periodical (domain: leisure) 134. Sample containing about 40236 CHL Power, crime, and mystification. Box, 152 12. List of works excerpted

Steven, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, book (domain: social science) London (1992), 1-177. Sample con- CJ2 Democracy and civil war in Spain taining about 32935 words from a book 1931-1939. Blinkhorn, Martin, Rout- (domain: social science) ledge & Kegan Paul plc, London CHP Queen Mary’s dolls’ house. Stewart- (1988), 1-58. Sample containing about Wilson, Mary, The Bodley Head, Lon- 20613 words from a book (domain: don (1989), 10-190. Sample containing world affairs) about 14441 words from a book (do- CJ3 The survival factor. Birkhead, Mike main: world affairs) and Birkhead, Tim, Boxtree, London CHR Return of the red nose joke book. (1989), 17-127. Sample containing Green, Rod (ed.), Boxtree, London about 38801 words from a book (do- (1991). Sample containing about 11353 main: natural sciences) words from a book (domain: imagina- CJ4 Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- tive) dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- CHS Managing relocation. Shortland, Su- 19-19). Sample containing about san M, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Bas- 10286 words from a periodical (do- ingstoke (1987), 1-120. Sample con- main: leisure) taining about 37023 words from a book CJ5 Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- (domain: commerce) dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- CHT Returning to nursing. Morton-Cooper, 19-19). Sample containing about Alison, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Bas- 8344 words from a periodical (domain: ingstoke (1990), ix-121. A guide for leisure) nurses and health visitors. Sample con- CJ6 Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- taining about 36640 words from a book dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- (domain: social science) 19-19). Sample containing about CHU DISASTER! the rise and fall of News 11069 words from a periodical (do- On Sunday. Horrie, Chris and Chip- main: leisure) pindale, Peter, Sphere Books Ltd, Lon- CJ7 Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- don (1988), 1-93. Sample containing dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- about 38317 words from a book (do- 19-19). Sample containing about main: commerce) 10949 words from a periodical (do- CHV Rugby World and Post. Rugby main: leisure) Publishing Ltd, London (1992-19-19). CJ8 Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- Sample containing about 34624 words dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- from a periodical (domain: leisure) 19-19). Sample containing about CHW Rugby World and Post. Rugby 8326 words from a periodical (domain: Publishing Ltd, London (1992-19-19). leisure) Sample containing about 34487 words CJ9 [Selection of leaflets from T Higgins from a periodical (domain: leisure) Trust]. Terrence Higgins Trust, London CHX Rhyme stew. Dahl, Roald, Penguin (1991/1992). Sample containing about Group, London (1990). Sample con- 40103 words of miscellanea (domain: taining about 7684 words from a book social science) (domain: imaginative) CJA Take back plenty. Grafton Books, Lon- CJ1 Societies at peace: anthropological don (1991), 3-150. Sample containing perspectives. Willis, Roy, Howell, about 41854 words from a book (do- Signe (eds.), Routledge & Kegan Paul main: imaginative) plc, London (1989), vii-100. Sample CJB Tennis World. Presswatch, Sussex containing about 36893 words from a (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 12. List of works excerpted 153

14466 words from a periodical (do- about 16813 words from a periodical main: leisure) (domain: world affairs) CJC Tennis World. Presswatch, Sussex CJR Amnesty. Amnesty International, Lon- (1992-19-19). Sample containing about don (1992-19-19). Sample containing 16690 words from a periodical (do- about 14885 words from a periodical main: leisure) (domain: world affairs) CJD The Pacific. Winchester, Simon, Arrow CJS Amnesty. Amnesty International, Lon- Books Ltd, London (1992), 3-97. Sam- don (1991-19-19). Sample containing ple containing about 37762 words from about 13822 words from a periodical a book (domain: world affairs) (domain: world affairs) CJE Train your dog. Harper, Don, Quintet CJT Archangel. Seymour, Gerald, Fontana Publishing Ltd, London (1991). Sample Press, London (1983), 18-125. Sample containing about 29739 words from a containing about 37083 words from a book (domain: leisure) book (domain: imaginative) CJF A taste for death. James, P D, Penguin CJU [Adverts from The Economist]. u.p.. Group, London (1989), 3-115. Sample Sample containing about 24987 words containing about 39848 words from a of miscellanea (domain: commerce) book (domain: imaginative) CJV Climber and Hill Walker. George CJG The visually handicapped child in your Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow classroom. Chapman, Elizabeth K (1992-19-19). Sample containing about and Stone, Juliet M, Cassell, London 28356 words from a periodical (do- (1989), vi-74. Sample containing about main: leisure) 35878 words from a book (domain: so- CJW Command of the king. Lide, Mary, cial science) Grafton Books, London (1991), 29-165. CJH Wainwright in Scotland. Wainwright, Sample containing about 36520 words Alfred, Michael Joseph Ltd, London from a book (domain: imaginative) (1992). Sample containing about 29583 CJX Death in springtime. Nabb, Magdalen, words from a book (domain: leisure) Collins, UK (1989), 13-146. Sample CJJ Space marine. Watson, Ian, Boxtree, containing about 41643 words from a London (1993), 2-152. Sample con- book (domain: imaginative) taining about 40653 words from a book CK0 Hospital circles. Andrews, Lu- (domain: imaginative) cilla, Severn House, Wallington, Sur- CJK Warm welcomes in Britain. Stone, rey (1986), 8-134. Sample containing Mike and Russell, Roger, David & about 41076 words from a book (do- Charles Publishers plc, Newton Abbot, main: imaginative) Devon (1990), 30-253. Sample con- CK1 Inner and outer. Vesey, Godfrey, taining about 41820 words from a book Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke (domain: leisure) (1991), 127-240. Sample containing CJM Action. World Assoc for Christian about 42431 words from a book (do- Comm (1992). Sample containing main: belief and thought) about 6488 words from a periodical CK2 Kingdoms of the East. Willock, Colin, (domain: belief and thought) Boxtree, London (1991), 24-185. Sam- CJN Action. World Assoc for Christian ple containing about 34185 words from Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample a book (domain: natural sciences) containing about 6212 words from a pe- CK3 Machine Knitting Monthly. Machine riodical (domain: belief and thought) Knitting Monthly Ltd, Maidenhead CJP Amnesty. Amnesty International, Lon- (1992-19-19). Sample containing about don (1993-19-19). Sample containing 25662 words from a periodical (do- 154 12. List of works excerpted

main: leisure) dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- CK4 New Musical Express. Holborn Pub- 19-19). Sample containing about lishing Group, London (1992-19-19). 8307 words from a periodical (domain: Sample containing about 60687 words leisure) from a periodical (domain: arts) CKH Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- CK5 New Musical Express. Holborn Pub- dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- lishing Group, London (1992-19-19). 19-19). Sample containing about Sample containing about 56709 words 12784 words from a periodical (do- from a periodical (domain: arts) main: leisure) CK6 New Musical Express. Holborn Pub- CKJ Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- lishing Group, London (1992-19-19). dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- Sample containing about 55981 words 19-19). Sample containing about from a periodical (domain: arts) 5865 words from a periodical (domain: CK8 Peach. Adler, Elizabeth, Coronet leisure) Books, London (1992), 38-153. Sample CKK Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- containing about 38300 words from a dale Trading Estate, Southport (1992- book (domain: imaginative) 19-19). Sample containing about CK9 The rag nymph. Cookson, Catherine, 9220 words from a periodical (domain: Corgi Books, London (1992), 9-155. leisure) Sample containing about 39843 words CKL Tennis World. Presswatch, Sussex from a book (domain: imaginative) (1993-19-19). Sample containing about CKA Rugby World and Post. Rugby 24104 words from a periodical (do- Publishing Ltd, London (1992-19-19). main: leisure) Sample containing about 34501 words CKM Tennis World. Presswatch, Sussex from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1992-19-19). Sample containing about CKB The raven on the water. Taylor, An- 21395 words from a periodical (do- drew, Fontana Press, London (1992), 7- main: leisure) 136. Sample containing about 41380 CKN British literature since 1945. Wat- words from a book (domain: imagina- son, George, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, tive) Basingstoke (1991), 1-119. Sample CKC Santorini. MacLean, Alistair, Fontana containing about 38070 words from a Press, London (1987), 7-136. Sample book (domain: arts) containing about 42696 words from a CKP Growing old in the twentieth century. book (domain: imaginative) Jefferys, Margot (ed.), Routledge & CKD The shoemaker’s daughter. Gower, Kegan Paul plc, London (1989), 1-120. Iris, Corgi Books, London (1992), 20- Sample containing about 39345 words 147. Sample containing about 40309 from a book (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: imagina- CKR Saint Anselm. Southern, R W, Cam- tive) bridge University Press, Cambridge CKE Sergeant Joe. Staples, Mary Jane, (1990), 254-364. A portrait of a land- Corgi Books, London (1992), 11-142. scape. Sample containing about 40480 Sample containing about 43975 words words from a book (domain: belief and from a book (domain: imaginative) thought) CKF Stormy petrel. Stewart, Mary, Coronet CKS Being a teacher. Claxton, Guy, Cas- Books, London (1992), 7-155. Sample sell, London (1989), 1-112. Sample containing about 39935 words from a containing about 36257 words from a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: social science) CKG Steam Railway News. 10A Birk- CKT The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- 12. List of works excerpted 155

mandi & Company, London (1993-19- about 10948 words from a periodical 19). Sample containing about 39677 (domain: belief and thought) words from a periodical (domain: arts) CL6 A century of Protestant theology. CKU The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- Heron, Alasdair I C, Lutterworth Press, mandi & Company, London (1993-19- Cambridge (1993), 1-98. Sample con- 19). Sample containing about 47854 taining about 40002 words from a book words from a periodical (domain: arts) (domain: belief and thought) CKV The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- CL7 Climber and Hill Walker. George mandi & Company, London (1993-19- Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow 19). Sample containing about 31303 (1992-19-19). Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: arts) 25570 words from a periodical (do- CKW The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- main: leisure) mandi & Company, London (1993-19- CL8 Computergram international. u.p.. 19). Sample containing about 44069 Sample containing about 9100 words words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- CKX The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- ence) mandi & Company, London (1993-19- CL9 Computergram international. u.p.. 19). Sample containing about 39610 Sample containing about 6727 words words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- CKY The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- ence) mandi & Company, London (1992-19- CLA Computergram international. u.p.. 19). Sample containing about 59870 Sample containing about 9131 words words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- CL0 The Artist. The Artist Publishing Com- ence) pany Ltd, Tenterden (1993-04), 5-47. CLB Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 23187 words Sample containing about 6880 words from a periodical (domain: arts) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- CL1 Black sportsmen. Cashmore, Ernest, ence) Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London CLC Computergram international. u.p.. (1982), 1-119. Sample containing about Sample containing about 9127 words 40829 words from a book (domain: from a periodical (domain: applied sci- leisure) ence) CL2 Rich. Bragg, Melvyn, Coronet Books, CLD Condition black. Seymour, Gerald, London (1989). The life of Richard Fontana Press, London (1991), 17-142. Burton. Sample containing about 42036 Sample containing about 42128 words words from a book (domain: arts) from a book (domain: imaginative) CL3 Cara’s land. Rhodes, Elvi, Corgi CLE Comparative industrial relations. Books, London (1992), 9-115. Sample Bean, R, Routledge & Kegan Paul containing about 35077 words from a plc, London (1992), 1-109. Sample book (domain: imaginative) containing about 36964 words from a CL4 Lancaster Diocesan Catholic Voice. book (domain: commerce) Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- CLF Daughter of deceit. Holt, Victoria, erpool (1992-11). Sample containing Fontana Press, London (1992), 7-86. about 9295 words from a periodical Sample containing about 29208 words (domain: belief and thought) from a book (domain: imaginative) CL5 Leeds Diocesan Catholic Voice. CLG Do It Yourself. Link House Maga- Catholic Voice Publications Ltd, Liv- zines Ltd, Milton Keynes (1992-19-19). erpool (1992-11). Sample containing Sample containing about 28632 words 156 12. List of works excerpted

from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Publishing Ltd, Peterborough, Cambs ence) (1992-19-19). Sample containing about CLH Sign language. Woll, B and Kyle, J 43251 words from a periodical (do- G, Cambridge University Press, Cam- main: applied science) bridge (1993), 162-262. Sample con- CLU FlyPast. Key Publishing, Stamford, taining about 40758 words from a book Lincs (1991-19-19). Sample containing (domain: social science) about 42823 words from a periodical CLJ The deceiver. Forsyth, Frederick, Corgi (domain: applied science) Books, London (1992), 23-140. Sample CLV FlyPast. Key Publishing, Stamford, containing about 39579 words from a Lincs (1991-11). Sample containing book (domain: imaginative) about 36947 words from a periodical CLK Castle Drachenfels. Sargent, Carl, (domain: applied science) Games Workshop, Nottingham (1992), CLW Frameworks for teaching. Dale, 2-62. Sample containing about 38596 Roger, Robinson, Alison, Fergusson, words from a book (domain: leisure) R (eds.), Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, CLL [Selection of OUP English Language Sevenoaks, Kent (1992), 201-299. Teaching promotional leaflets]. Oxford Sample containing about 38714 words University Press, Oxford (1992/1993). from a book (domain: social science) Sample containing about 43505 words CLX Great battles of World War I. Livesey, of miscellanea (domain: social science) Anthony, Michael Joseph Ltd, London CLM Princes, pastors and people. Durston, (1989), 8-130. Sample containing about Christopher and Doran, Susan, Rout- 38074 words from a book (domain: ledge & Kegan Paul plc, London world affairs) (1991), 1-92. Sample containing about CLY What is happening in our primary 34418 words from a book (domain: schools. Pluckrose, Henry, Blackwell, world affairs) Oxford (1987), 1-138. Sample contain- CLN The culture of English antislavery ing about 39023 words from a book (do- 1780-1860. Turley, David, Routledge main: social science) & Kegan Paul plc, London (1991), 17- CM0 The headhunting business. Jones, 108. Sample containing about 36756 Stephanie, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, words from a book (domain: social sci- Basingstoke (1990), 6-97. Sample con- ence) taining about 40262 words from a book CLP The mind at work. Singleton, W (domain: commerce) T, Cambridge University Press, Cam- CM1 High elves. King, Bill and Cham- bridge (1989), 1-129. Sample contain- bers, Andy, Games Workshop, Notting- ing about 40742 words from a book (do- ham (1993), 4-81. Sample containing main: applied science) about 36941 words from a book (do- CLR The community of Europe. Urwin, main: imaginative) Derek, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- CM2 Minds, machines and evolution. low (1991), 27-115. Sample containing Hookway, Christopher (ed.), Cam- about 36584 words from a book (do- bridge University Press, Cambridge main: world affairs) (1987), non-UK. Sample containing CLS Film and the working class. Stead, Pe- about 39589 words from a book (do- ter, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, Lon- main: belief and thought) don (1989), 1-90. Sample containing CM4 Inquisitor. Watson, Ian, Boxtree, Lon- about 34205 words from a book (do- don (1993), 7-159. Sample containing main: arts) about 41798 words from a book (do- CLT Practical Fishkeeping. EMAP Pursuit main: imaginative) 12. List of works excerpted 157

CM5 Investigating society. Burgess, Robert Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London G (ed.), Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- (1989), 1-113. Sample containing about low (1989), 32-171. Sample containing 32001 words from a book (domain: so- about 37692 words from a book (do- cial science) main: social science) CMG Private charity and the public purse. CM6 Europe 1880-1945. Roberts, J M, Cashman, Bernard, North Bedfordshire Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow Health Authority, Bedford (1988), 3- (1992), 1-115. Sample containing about 107. Sample containing about 37596 37459 words from a book (domain: words from a book (domain: world af- world affairs) fairs) CM7 Lie down with lions. Follett, Ken, CMH Issues in psychobiology. Legg, Corgi Books, London (1992), 11-131. Charles R, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, Sample containing about 40103 words London (1989), 1-81. Sample contain- from a book (domain: imaginative) ing about 38192 words from a book (do- CM8 Against liberation. Leahy, Michael P main: applied science) T, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London CMJ The rector’s wife. Trollope, Joanna, (1991), 140-236. Sample containing Black Swan, London (1992), 7-101. about 41345 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 30175 words main: belief and thought) from a book (domain: imaginative) CM9 Minoans. Castleden, Rodney, Rout- CMK Good retirement guide 1993. Brown, ledge & Kegan Paul plc, London Rosemary, Kogan Page Ltd, London (1993), 68-157. Sample containing (1993). Sample containing about 35525 about 37372 words from a book (do- words from a book (domain: social sci- main: world affairs) ence) CMA Evolution from molecules to men. CML Ring of red roses. Shah, Eddy, Corgi Bendall, D S (ed.), Cambridge Univer- Books, London (1992), 46-167. Sample sity Press, Cambridge (1985), 43-565. containing about 37335 words from a Sample containing about 40043 words book (domain: imaginative) from a book (domain: natural sciences) CMM Roses: questions and answers. CMB Politics and the mass media in Swain, Bill, Cassell, London (1990), Britain. Negrine, Ralph, Routledge & 11-112. Sample containing about Kegan Paul plc, London (1992), 1-115. 41418 words from a book (domain: Sample containing about 39398 words leisure) from a book (domain: arts) CMN Content of social explanation. James, CMC Warhammer armies: orcs & goblins. Susan, Cambridge University Press, Priestley, Rick, Games Workshop, Not- Cambridge (1984), 55-180. Sample tingham (1993), 3-97. Sample contain- containing about 41560 words from a ing about 41751 words from a book (do- book (domain: belief and thought) main: leisure) CMP Sharpe’s Waterloo. Cornwell, CMD Outdoor Action. Hawker Consumer Bernard, Collins, UK (1990), 9-127. Publications, London (1992-19-19). Sample containing about 42376 words Sample containing about 26447 words from a book (domain: imaginative) from a periodical (domain: leisure) CMR Significant differences: feminism in CME Outdoor Action. Hawker Consumer psychology. Squire, Corinne, Routledge Publications, London (1992-19-19). & Kegan Paul plc, London (1989), 7- Sample containing about 26309 words 119. Sample containing about 43315 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a book (domain: social sci- CMF Research methods. McNeill, Patrick, ence) 158 12. List of works excerpted

CMS The sociology of the professions. words from a periodical (domain: arts) Lewis, Philip, Dingwall, Robert (eds.), CN5 School, work and equality. Flude, M, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke Hales, Margaret and Cosin, B, Hod- (1983), 59-149. Sample containing der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent about 31431 words from a book (do- (1989), 1-98. Sample containing about main: social science) 41031 words from a book (domain: so- CMT Soviet power: the continuing chal- cial science) lenge. Sherr, James, Macmillan Pub- CN6 Child care research, policy and prac- lishers Ltd, Basingstoke (1991), 22- tice. Kahan, Barbara (ed.), Hodder 145. Sample containing about 35349 & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent words from a book (domain: world af- (1989), 1-100. Sample containing about fairs) 33186 words from a book (domain: so- CMU Special educational needs. Evans, cial science) Roy (ed.), Blackwell, Oxford (1989), 3- CN9 British economic performance 1945- 108. Sample containing about 42788 1975. Alford, B W E, Macmillan, Lon- words from a book (domain: social sci- don (1988), 1-105. Sample containing ence) about 33576 words from a periodical CMW Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (domain: natural sciences) (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing CNA British Medical Journal. British Med- about 10765 words from a periodical ical Association, London (1993-01-16), (domain: applied science) 1-68. Sample containing about 14063 CMX Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. words from a periodical (domain: natu- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing ral sciences) about 12484 words from a periodical CNC Computergram international. u.p.. (domain: applied science) Sample containing about 7612 words CMY Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. from a periodical (domain: applied sci- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing ence) about 13218 words from a periodical CND Computergram international. u.p.. (domain: applied science) Sample containing about 9125 words CN0 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. from a periodical (domain: applied sci- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ence) ing about 8458 words from a periodical CNE Computergram international. u.p.. (domain: applied science) Sample containing about 6808 words CN1 Warhammer armies: the Empire. from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Games Workshop, Nottingham (1993), ence) 4-76. Sample containing about 41212 CNF Computergram international. u.p.. words from a book (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 9496 words CN2 Safety is no accident. Tench, William from a periodical (domain: applied sci- H, Collins, UK (1985), 1-116. Sample ence) containing about 39990 words from a CNG Computergram international. u.p.. book (domain: applied science) Sample containing about 9558 words CN3 Whirlpool. Forbes, Colin, Pan Books from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Ltd, London (1991), 1-120. Sample ence) containing about 43586 words from a CNH Computergram international. u.p.. book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 6824 words CN4 The Artist. The Artist Publishing Com- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- pany Ltd, Tenterden (1992-19-19), 7- ence) 49. Sample containing about 22546 CNJ Computergram international. u.p.. 12. List of works excerpted 159

Sample containing about 9319 words Sample containing about 9483 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNK Computergram international. u.p.. CNY Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 7455 words Sample containing about 9266 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNL Computergram international. u.p.. CP0 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9654 words Sample containing about 7067 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNM Computergram international. u.p.. CP1 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9227 words Sample containing about 9323 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNN Computergram international. u.p.. CP2 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 7201 words Sample containing about 6633 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNP Computergram international. u.p.. CP3 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9607 words Sample containing about 9239 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNR Computergram international. u.p.. CP4 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 6756 words Sample containing about 9692 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNS Computergram international. u.p.. CP5 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9331 words Sample containing about 6699 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNT Computergram international. u.p.. CP6 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9066 words Sample containing about 9379 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNU Computergram international. u.p.. CP7 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 6623 words Sample containing about 6814 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNV Computergram international. u.p.. CP8 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9051 words Sample containing about 9278 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNW Computergram international. u.p.. CP9 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 7287 words Sample containing about 6884 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CNX Computergram international. u.p.. CPA Computergram international. u.p.. 160 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 8704 words Sample containing about 9116 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPB Computergram international. u.p.. CPP Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9986 words Sample containing about 6978 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPC Computergram international. u.p.. CPR Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 8998 words Sample containing about 9346 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPD Computergram international. u.p.. CPS Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 6503 words Sample containing about 9098 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPE Computergram international. u.p.. CPT Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9473 words Sample containing about 9931 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPF Computergram international. u.p.. CPU Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 6771 words Sample containing about 7269 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPG Computergram international. u.p.. CPV Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9296 words Sample containing about 9726 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPH Computergram international. u.p.. CPW Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9116 words Sample containing about 7143 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPJ Computergram international. u.p.. CPX Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 7310 words Sample containing about 8826 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPK Computergram international. u.p.. CPY Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9164 words Sample containing about 6983 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPL Computergram international. u.p.. CR0 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 7045 words Sample containing about 9226 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPM Computergram international. u.p.. CR1 Computergram international. u.p.. Sample containing about 9874 words Sample containing about 6863 words from a periodical (domain: applied sci- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- ence) ence) CPN Computergram international. u.p.. CR2 Computergram international. u.p.. 12. List of works excerpted 161

Sample containing about 9291 words Hannah, Leslie, Macmillan Publishers from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Ltd, Basingstoke (1993), Middle-122. ence) Sample containing about 39281 words CR3 Computergram international. u.p.. from a book (domain: commerce) Sample containing about 9131 words CRE Imajica. Barker, C, HarperCollins, from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Glasgow (1992), 7-131. Sample con- ence) taining about 41837 words from a book CR4 Community care. Philpot, T (ed.)King, (domain: imaginative) J and Bowry, K, Reed Publishing CRF Family obligations and social change. Group, Sutton, Surrey (1993-19-19), 1- Finch, J, Blackwells (Polity Press), Ox- 74. Sample containing about 19801 ford (1989), 13-85. Sample containing words from a periodical (domain: social about 36864 words from a book (do- science) main: social science) CR5 Community care. Philpot, T (ed.)King, CRJ Migrations: travels of a naturalist. J and Bowry, K, Reed Publishing Tulloch, B, Kyle Cathie Ltd, London Group, Sutton, Surrey (1993-19-19), 1- (1991), 1-122. Sample containing about 74. Sample containing about 20197 37648 words from a book (domain: ap- words from a periodical (domain: social plied science) science) CRK Modern Catholicism: Vatican II and CR6 Dangerous lady. Cole, M, Headline after. et al and Hasting, Adrian, SPCK, Books (>>1992), 3-123. Sample con- London (1991), 1-82. Sample contain- taining about 41560 words from a book ing about 39416 words from a book (do- (domain: imaginative) main: belief and thought) CR7 The Economist. The Economist News- CRM Nature. Macmillan Magazines Ltd, paper Ltd, London (1993-19-19). Sam- London (1993). Sample containing ple containing about 63225 words from about 279119 words from a periodical a periodical (domain: commerce) (domain: natural sciences) CR8 The Economist. The Economist News- CRP Photography. Argus Specialist Pub- paper Ltd, London (1993-19-19). Sam- lications, Hemel Hempstead (1992- ple containing about 59225 words from 02), 4-48. Sample containing about a periodical (domain: commerce) 13048 words from a periodical (do- CR9 The Economist. The Economist News- main: leisure) paper Ltd, London (1993-19-19). Sam- CRR Patronage and politics in Scotland ple containing about 63215 words from 1707-1832. Sunter, R M, John Donald a periodical (domain: commerce) Publishers, Edinburgh (1986), 1-100. CRA The Economist. The Economist News- Sample containing about 38092 words paper Ltd, London (1993-19-19). Sam- from a book (domain: world affairs) ple containing about 60664 words from CRS Policies for diversity in education. a periodical (domain: commerce) Swann, W, Booth, T, Masterton, M, CRB The Economist. The Economist News- Potts, P (eds.), Routledge & Kegan Paul paper Ltd, London (1993-19-19). Sam- plc, London (1992), 112-209. Sample ple containing about 72601 words from containing about 40250 words from a a periodical (domain: commerce) book (domain: social science) CRC The Economist. The Economist News- CRT The state of prisons: 200 years on. paper Ltd, London (1993-19-19). Sam- Whitfield, D (ed.), Routledge & Kegan ple containing about 74230 words from Paul plc, London (1991), 1-200. Sam- a periodical (domain: commerce) ple containing about 37010 words from CRD Engineers, managers and politicians. a book (domain: social science) 162 12. List of works excerpted

CRU Permission and Regulation. Newburn, (1991), 1-150. Sample containing about T, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London 40223 words from a book (domain: (1992), 1-70. Sample containing about imaginative) 32762 words from a book (domain: so- CS5 The British Empire. Lloyd, Trevor cial science) Owen, Oxford University Press, Ox- CRV Returning to Shakespeare. Vickers, ford (1984), 1-84. Sample containing Brian, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, about 41703 words from a book (do- London (1989), 19-134. Sample con- main: world affairs) taining about 40640 words from a book CS6 Fascism in Britain: 1918-1985. Thur- (domain: arts) low, R, Blackwell, Oxford (1987), 22- CRW Childcare: concerns and conflicts. 118. Sample containing about 33887 Morgan, S and Righton, P, Hodder words from a book (domain: world af- & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent fairs) (1989), 11-110. Sample containing CS7 Utopia, community care and retreat. about 41075 words from a book (do- Tomlinson, D, Open University Press, main: social science) Milton Keynes (1991), 5-83. Sample CRX Controlling crime. Roshier, Bob, containing about 32413 words from a Open University Press, Milton Keynes book (domain: social science) (1989), 5-85. Sample containing about CS8 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. 39133 words from a book (domain: so- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- cial science) ing about 7833 words from a periodical CRY The British press and broadcasting (domain: applied science) since 1945. Seymour-Ure, C, Black- CS9 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. well, Oxford (1992). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ing about 41673 words from a book (do- ing about 7960 words from a periodical main: commerce) (domain: applied science) CS0 Social anthropology in perspective. CSA Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. Lewis, I M, Cambridge University (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing Press, Cambridge (1992), 5-130. Sam- about 10523 words from a periodical ple containing about 37204 words from (domain: applied science) a book (domain: social science) CSB Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CS1 Sex crime in the news. Walby, S and (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- Soothill, K, Routledge & Kegan Paul ing about 9450 words from a periodical plc, London (1991), 1-86. Sample con- (domain: applied science) taining about 37155 words from a book CSC Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (domain: social science) (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing CS2 The rational foundations of ethics. about 11181 words from a periodical Sprigge, T L S, Routledge & Kegan (domain: applied science) Paul plc, London (1990), 9-103. Sam- CSD Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. ple containing about 38443 words from (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing a book (domain: belief and thought) about 10417 words from a periodical CS3 Theories of the state. Dunleavy, P and (domain: applied science) O’Leary, Brendan, Macmillan Press CSE Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. Ltd, London (1987), 136-258. Sample (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing containing about 41024 words from a about 10424 words from a periodical book (domain: social science) (domain: applied science) CS4 Sudden death. Hamer, Malcolm, CSF Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. Headline Book Publishing plc, London (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing 12. List of works excerpted 163

about 10202 words from a periodical about 10820 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSG Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CSV Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 11043 words from a periodical about 11841 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSH Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CSW Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 10943 words from a periodical about 10949 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSJ Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CSX Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 10242 words from a periodical about 11135 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSK Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CSY Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 10787 words from a periodical about 10646 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSL Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT0 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 11324 words from a periodical about 11043 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSM Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT1 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- about 10993 words from a periodical ing about 8747 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSN Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT2 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ing about 8211 words from a periodical ing about 9196 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSP Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT3 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 10728 words from a periodical about 11621 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSR Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT4 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing ing about 7492 words from a periodical about 11850 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSS Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT5 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing ing about 9629 words from a periodical about 11986 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CST Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT6 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 10549 words from a periodical about 11201 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CSU Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CT7 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing 164 12. List of works excerpted

about 12749 words from a periodical about 10878 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CT8 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTL Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ing about 8086 words from a periodical ing about 9023 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CT9 Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTM Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ing about 8432 words from a periodical ing about 8042 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTA Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTN Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 10299 words from a periodical about 10318 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTB Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTP Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ing about 8169 words from a periodical ing about 7766 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTC Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTR Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing about 10962 words from a periodical about 11006 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTD Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTS Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- about 10756 words from a periodical ing about 7770 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTE Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTT Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ing about 8594 words from a periodical ing about 8256 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTF Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTU Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- ing about 7917 words from a periodical ing about 7332 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTG Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTV Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing (1993-04/1993-05). Sample contain- about 10521 words from a periodical ing about 6928 words from a periodical (domain: applied science) (domain: applied science) CTH Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. CTW Wealth and society in early 16th (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing century England. Cornwall, J C K, about 11397 words from a periodical Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London (domain: applied science) (1988), 7-115. Sample containing about CTJ Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. 40821 words from a book (domain: (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing world affairs) about 11342 words from a periodical CTX What Personal Computer. EMAP (domain: applied science) Business & Computing, London (1993- CTK Unigram x. APT Data Services Ltd. 04). Sample containing about 49013 (1993-04/1993-05). Sample containing words from a periodical (domain: ap- 12. List of works excerpted 165

plied science) Sample containing about 4639 words CTY White mythologies: writing history speech recorded in public context and the West. Young, R, Routledge & D91 Harlow Playhouse public meeting. Kegan Paul plc, London (1990), 1-90. D91PS000 D91PS001 Sample containing about 43131 words D91PS002 from a book (domain: world affairs) D91PS003 CU0 Wisden Cricket Monthly. Wisden D91PS004 D91PS005 Cricket Magazines, Surrey (1992-03). D91PS006 Sample containing about 34660 words D91PS007 from a periodical (domain: leisure) D91PS008 CU1 Wisden Cricket Monthly. Wisden Sample containing about 16709 words Cricket Magazines, Surrey (1992-19- speech recorded in public context 19). Sample containing about 36805 D92 Harlow Playhouse public meeting. words from a periodical (domain: D92PS000 leisure) Sample containing about 846 words D8Y Museum Society meeting: Make-do speech recorded in public context and mend: Lecture/meeting. D94 Harlow Women’s Institute committee D8YPS000 meeting. D8YPS001 D94PS000 D8YPS002 D8YPS003 Sample containing about 246 words D8YPS004 speech recorded in public context D8YPS005 D95 Pensioners’ and Trades Union Associa- D8YPS006 D8YPS007 tion meeting. D8YPS008 D95PS000 D8YPS009 D95PS001 D8YPS00A D95PS002 D8YPS00B D95PS003 D8YPS00C D95PS004 D8YPS00D D95PS005 D8YPS00E D95PS006 D8YPS00F D95PS007 D8YPS00G D8YPS00H Sample containing about 14706 words D8YPS00J speech recorded in public context D8YPS00K D96 Pensioners’ and Trades Union Associa- D8YPS00L D8YPS00M tion meeting. D8YPS00N D96PS000 D8YPS00P D96PS001 D8YPS00R D96PS002 D8YPS00S D96PS003 D8YPS00T Sample containing about 807 words Sample containing about 6719 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context D97 Friends of the Earth: club meeting. D90 Museum Society meeting: Make-do and D97PS000 mend: Lecture/meeting. D97PS001 D97PS002 D90PS000 D97PS003 D90PS001 D97PS004 D90PS002 D97PS005 D90PS003 D90PS004 Sample containing about 16333 words D90PS005 speech recorded in public context D90PS006 D90PS007 DCH Amnesty International meeting. D90PS008 DCHPS000 D90PS009 DCHPS001 166 12. List of works excerpted

DCHPS002 39125 words from a book (domain: DCHPS003 world affairs) DCHPS004 DCHPS005 E9W The Artist’s and Illustrator’s Maga- DCHPS006 zine. Artist’s & Illustrator’s Mag, Lon- DCHPS007 don (1993-19-19), 5-48. Sample con- Sample containing about 14978 words taining about 24586 words from a peri- speech recorded in public context odical (domain: arts) DCJ ‘A’-level history lecture. E9X Exploration for metalliferous and re- DCJPS000 lated minerals in Britain. Colman, T B, DCJPS001 British Geological Survey, Nottingham Sample containing about 5109 words (1990), 1-37. Sample containing about speech recorded in educational context 21983 words from a book (domain: nat- DCK ‘A’-level history lecture. ural sciences) DCKPS000 E9Y Bookseller. J Whitaker & sons, London Sample containing about 2437 words (1993-01-01), 5-45. Sample containing speech recorded in educational context about 21578 words from a periodical E9N The East Anglian. East Anglian Daily (domain: arts) Times Company, Ipswich (1993-03). EA0 British Medical Journal. British Med- Sample containing about 7939 words ical Association, London (1993-01- from a periodical (domain: world af- 16), 77-138. Sample containing about fairs) 45013 words from a periodical (do- E9P The East Anglian. East Anglian Daily main: natural sciences) Times Company, Ipswich (1993-03). EA1 British Medical Journal. British Medi- Sample containing about 24442 words cal Association, London (1993-01-16), from a periodical (domain: world af- 155-201. Sample containing about fairs) 30638 words from a periodical (do- E9R The East Anglian. East Anglian Daily main: natural sciences) Times Company, Ipswich (1993-03). EA2 British Medical Journal. British Medi- Sample containing about 25252 words cal Association, London (1993-01-16), from a periodical (domain: world af- 347-398. Sample containing about fairs) 36342 words from a periodical (do- E9S The East Anglian. East Anglian Daily main: natural sciences) Times Company, Ipswich (1993-03). EA3 Literacy in theory and practice. Street, Sample containing about 15814 words Brian, Cambridge University Press, from a periodical (domain: world af- Cambridge (1984), 17-94. Sample con- fairs) taining about 37377 words from a book E9T The East Anglian. East Anglian Daily (domain: social science) Times Company, Ipswich (1993-03). EA4 Community care. Philpot, T (ed.)King, Sample containing about 19374 words J and Bowry, K, Reed Publishing from a periodical (domain: world af- Group, Sutton, Surrey (1993-19-19). fairs) Sample containing about 21147 words E9U The East Anglian. East Anglian Daily from a periodical (domain: social sci- Times Company, Ipswich (1993-03). ence) Sample containing about 20351 words EA5 The girl from Cotton Lane. Bowling, from a periodical (domain: world af- Harry, Headline Book Publishing plc, fairs) London (1992), 1-118. Sample con- E9V Crown and nobility 1272-1461. Tuck, taining about 36937 words from a book Anthony, Blackwell, Oxford (1986), (domain: imaginative) 84-186. Sample containing about 12. List of works excerpted 167

EA6 The present and past: Russia. Acton, merce) Edward, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- EAS [New Oxford English Dictionary devel- low (1992), 17-125. Sample containing opment]. Fletcher, Ewen (ed.), Oxford about 38297 words from a book (do- University Press, Oxford (1987). Sam- main: world affairs) ple containing about 3772 words of un- EA7 France in the making, 843-1180. Dun- published miscellanea (domain: com- babin, Jean, Oxford University Press, merce) Oxford (1991), 223-335. Sample con- EAT A future for the Oxford English Dictio- taining about 25531 words from a book nary. u.p. (n.d.), 1-36. Sample contain- (domain: world affairs) ing about 10218 words of unpublished EA8 Making it happen. Harvey-Jones, John, miscellanea (domain: commerce) Fontana Press, London (1988), 7-94. EAU New Oxford English Dictionary – sys- Sample containing about 29795 words tem description. Sabido, Richard (ed.), from a book (domain: commerce) Oxford University Press, Oxford (1987- EA9 The hotel receptionist. Paige, Jane and 07). Sample containing about 11757 Paige, Grace, Cassell Educational, Lon- words of unpublished miscellanea (do- don (1992), 1-181. Sample containing main: commerce) about 40601 words from a book (do- EAW Exploring the night sky with binocu- main: commerce) lars. Moore, Patrick, Cambridge Uni- EAA Managing people at work. Hunt, John, versity Press, Cambridge (1990), 13- u.p., 1-108. Sample containing about 155. Sample containing about 39798 39568 words from a book (domain: so- words from a book (domain: natural cial science) sciences) EAJ Public law and political theory. EAX State and society in post-war Japan. Loughlin, Martin, Oxford University Eccleston, Bernard, Polity Press, Cam- Press, Oxford (1992), 63-181. Sample bridge (1989), 1-33. Sample containing containing about 40030 words from a about 36320 words from a book (do- book (domain: social science) main: world affairs) EAK Nature. Macmillan Magazines Ltd, EAY Ronald Reagan and the American London (1993-19-19), 481-510. Sam- presidency. Mervin, David, Longman ple containing about 30562 words from Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1990), 12-24. a periodical (domain: natural sciences) Sample containing about 41562 words EAM [New Oxford English Dictionary pro- from a book (domain: world affairs) cedures documents]. Sabido, Richard, EB1 Anxiety and stress management. En- Impey, B, Benbow, T (eds.), Oxford right, Simon and Powell, Trevor, Rout- University Press, Oxford (1987-06). ledge & Kegan Paul plc, London Sample containing about 3810 words (1990), 43-153. Sample containing of unpublished miscellanea (domain: about 32145 words from a book (do- commerce) main: applied science) EAP [New Oxford English Dictionary pro- EB2 Legal theory and common law. Twin- cedures documents]. u.p.. Sample ing, William (ed.), Blackwell, Oxford containing about 6375 words of un- (1986), 136-215. Sample containing published miscellanea (domain: com- about 37871 words from a book (do- merce) main: social science) EAR [New Oxford English Dictionary pro- EB3 Wisden Cricket Monthly. Wisden cedures documents]. u.p.. Sample Cricket Magazines, Surrey (1992-19- containing about 4262 words of un- 19), 2-55. Sample containing about published miscellanea (domain: com- 38163 words from a periodical (do- 168 12. List of works excerpted

main: leisure) EBH Action. World Assoc for Christian EB6 Zzap 64!. Newspaper Publications, Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample Ludlow, Shropshire (1992-19-19), 4- containing about 6502 words from a pe- 68. Sample containing about 31780 riodical (domain: belief and thought) words from a periodical (domain: EBJ Action. World Assoc for Christian leisure) Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample EB7 Archaeologist at large. Webster, Gra- containing about 6721 words from a pe- ham, B T Batsford Ltd, London (1991), riodical (domain: belief and thought) 37-158. Sample containing about EBK Action. World Assoc for Christian 41350 words from a book (domain: Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample world affairs) containing about 6715 words from a pe- EB8 Action. World Assoc for Christian riodical (domain: belief and thought) Comm (1991-07/1993-02), 1-8. Sam- EBL [Adverts from Marxism Today June ple containing about 6110 words from a 1990]. Marxism Today, London (1990- periodical (domain: belief and thought) 06). Sample containing about 944 EB9 Action. World Assoc for Chris- words of miscellanea (domain: world tian Comm (1991-07/1993-02), 1-8. affairs) Sample containing about 11300 words EBM An introduction to administrative law. from a periodical (domain: belief and Cane, P, Oxford University Press, New thought) York (1992). Sample containing about EBA Action. World Assoc for Christian 39146 words from a book (domain: so- Comm (1991-07/1993-02), 1-8. Sam- cial science) ple containing about 7852 words from a EBN Amsterdam Travel Service 1992. u.p.. periodical (domain: belief and thought) Sample containing about 19654 words EBB Action. World Assoc for Christian of miscellanea (domain: leisure) Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample EBP The Angevin legacy and the 100 years containing about 6000 words from a pe- war. Vale, M, Blackwell, Cambridge riodical (domain: belief and thought) (1990), 9-102. Sample containing about EBC Action. World Assoc for Christian 34893 words from a book (domain: Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample world affairs) containing about 6261 words from a pe- EBR The sociology of housework. Oakley, riodical (domain: belief and thought) A, Blackwell, Oxford (1990), 1-128. EBD Action. World Assoc for Christian Sample containing about 45374 words Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample from a book (domain: social science) containing about 6621 words from a pe- EBS The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- riodical (domain: belief and thought) mandi & Company, London (1992-19- EBE Action. World Assoc for Christian 19). Sample containing about 65013 Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample words from a periodical (domain: arts) containing about 6385 words from a pe- EBT The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- riodical (domain: belief and thought) mandi & Company, London (1992-19- EBF Action. World Assoc for Christian 19). Sample containing about 71281 Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample words from a periodical (domain: arts) containing about 6488 words from a pe- EBU The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- riodical (domain: belief and thought) mandi & Company, London (1992-19- EBG Action. World Assoc for Christian 19). Sample containing about 66965 Comm (1991-07/1993-02). Sample words from a periodical (domain: arts) containing about 6208 words from a pe- EBV The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- riodical (domain: belief and thought) mandi & Company, London (1992-19- 12. List of works excerpted 169

19). Sample containing about 68981 Sevenoaks, Kent (1986), 9-104. Sample words from a periodical (domain: arts) containing about 40607 words from a EBW The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- book (domain: arts) mandi & Company, London (1992-19- EC9 Short breaks – Brighton and Hove 19). Sample containing about 53070 1992. u.p.. Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: arts) 9701 words of miscellanea (domain: EBX The Art Newspaper. Umberto Alle- leisure) mandi & Company, London (1992-19- ECB Women and social policy. Unger- 19). Sample containing about 52595 son, C, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Bas- words from a periodical (domain: arts) ingstoke (1991), 3-128. Sample con- EBY [ASH – factsheets]. Action on Smok- taining about 42984 words from a book ing & Health, London (1991). Sample (domain: social science) containing about 10589 words of mis- ECD Financial conglomerates and the Chi- cellanea (domain: social science) nese wall. McVea, H, Oxford Univer- EC0 [ASH – information bulletin]. Action sity Press, New York (1993), 1-121. on Smoking & Health, London (1991). Sample containing about 44610 words Sample containing about 2696 words of from a book (domain: commerce) miscellanea (domain: social science) ECE Health and health care in later life. EC1 [ASH – information bulletin]. Action Victor, C, Open University Press, Mil- on Smoking & Health, London (1991). ton Keynes (1991), 14-156. Sample Sample containing about 2289 words of containing about 45568 words from a miscellanea (domain: social science) book (domain: social science) EC2 ASH Supporters’ News Issue No. Ac- ECF Citalia Italy complete. CIT (England) tion on Smoking & Health, London Ltd, Croydon (1992). Sample contain- (1991). 29. Sample containing about ing about 72927 words of miscellanea 7325 words of miscellanea (domain: (domain: leisure) social science) ECG Climber and Hill Walker. George EC3 Applied economics in banking and fi- Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow nance. Partington, I, Oxford University (1991-19-19). Sample containing about Press, New York (1989). Sample con- 31061 words from a periodical (do- taining about 42524 words from a book main: leisure) (domain: commerce) ECH Climber and Hill Walker. George EC4 Brighton Festival. Brighton Festival, Outram & Company Ltd, Glasgow Brighton (1992). Sample containing (1991-08). Sample containing about about 15795 words of miscellanea (do- 26797 words from a periodical (do- main: arts) main: leisure) EC5 [University of Bradford ephemera]. ECJ Do It Yourself. Link House Maga- University of Bradford, Bradford zines Ltd, Milton Keynes (1992-19-19). (1992). Sample containing about 11772 Sample containing about 30759 words words of miscellanea (domain: social from a periodical (domain: applied sci- science) ence) EC7 British Medical Journal. British Med- ECK Death train. MacNeill, Alastair, ical Association, London (1993-01-16), Fontana Press, London (1989), 7-150. 6-327. Sample containing about 45303 Sample containing about 35908 words words from a periodical (domain: natu- from a book (domain: imaginative) ral sciences) ECL Devon and Cornwall Seaside Holiday EC8 The bright face of danger. Fisher, Parks. John Fowler Holidays (1991). Margery, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Sample containing about 3915 words of 170 12. List of works excerpted

miscellanea (domain: leisure) ED1 Germany Switzerland Austria – GTF ECM Diana: her true story. Morton, A, Tours. German Tourist Facilities Ltd, Michael O’Mara, London (1993), 1-90. London (1992). Sample containing Sample containing about 37383 words about 14731 words of miscellanea (do- from a book (domain: world affairs) main: leisure) ECN The rules of disorder. Harre, R, ED2 Moto grandprix. Moto Cycle News, Rosser, E and Marsh, P, Routledge & Kettering, England (1991). Sample Kegan Paul plc, London (1987). Sam- containing about 14823 words from a ple containing about 35773 words from periodical (domain: leisure) a book (domain: social science) ED3 Good Housekeeping. The National ECP Duncton tales. Horwood, W, Fontana Magazine Company Ltd, London Press, London (1992), 17-124. Sample (1992-02). Sample containing about containing about 34058 words from a 39333 words from a periodical (do- book (domain: imaginative) main: leisure) ECR Aesthetic East Lindsey. Furlong, ED4 Good Housekeeping. The National Prisca, Imp-Art Publications, Louth, Magazine Company Ltd, London Lincs (1989), 1-32. Sample containing (1992-02). Sample containing about about 13603 words of miscellanea (do- 50315 words from a periodical (do- main: world affairs) main: leisure) ECS [Tourism ephemera on Edinburgh]. ED5 Local government and urban politics. u.p.. Sample containing about 17944 Hampton, W, Longman, New York words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) (1991), 15-130. Sample containing ECT Esquire. The National Magazine Com- about 44627 words from a book (do- pany Ltd, London (1992-19-19). Sam- main: world affairs) ple containing about 58133 words from ED6 Gramophone. General Gramophone a periodical (domain: arts) Pubcs Ltd, Harrow (1992-06). Sample ECU Esquire. The National Magazine containing about 93532 words from a Company Ltd, London (1991-19-19). periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 57556 words ED7 Hot Press. Hot Press, Dublin, Ireland from a periodical (domain: arts) (1991-11). Sample containing about ECV Feminist perspectives in philosophy. 64637 words from a periodical (do- Whitford, M and Griffiths, M, Macmil- main: arts) lan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke (1989), ED9 Harpers & Queen. The National Mag- 1-109. Sample containing about 40343 azine Company Ltd, London (?). Sam- words from a book (domain: belief and ple containing about 73820 words from thought) a periodical (domain: leisure) ECX Flyer. Insider Publications Ltd (1991- EDA Hitler’s Englishman. Selwyn, F, 02). Sample containing about 35202 Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London words from a periodical (domain: (1987), 3-94. Sample containing about leisure) 32962 words from a book (domain: ECY Freud and modern society. Bocock, world affairs) R, Chapman & Hall, London (1991), 1- EDB [Health promotion and education 119. Sample containing about 45636 leaflets]. u.p.. Sample containing about words from a book (domain: applied 2606 words of miscellanea (domain: science) natural sciences) ED0 Cosmos funbreaks by coach to France. EDC Living with heroin. Newcombe, R, u.p.. Sample containing about 10212 Parker, H and Bakx, K, Open Univer- words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) sity Press, Milton Keynes (1988), 5-94. 12. List of works excerpted 171

Sample containing about 43280 words main: social science) from a book (domain: social science) EDN King Solomon’s carpet. Vine, Barbara, EDD Explaining and understanding inter- Penguin Group, London (1992), 1-122. national relations. Smith, S and Hol- Sample containing about 40226 words lis, M, Oxford University Press, New from a book (domain: imaginative) York (1991), 1-113. Sample containing EDP The origins of the Korean war. Lowe, about 34336 words from a book (do- P, Longman, New York (1989), 1-97. main: world affairs) Sample containing about 41055 words EDE Hooligan: a history of respectable from a book (domain: world affairs) fear. Pearson, G, Macmillan Publishers EDR The Lifeboat. Royal National Lifeboat Ltd, Basingstoke (1983), 1-155. Sam- Institution, Poole, Dorset (1991 (Sum- ple containing about 43229 words from mer)). Sample containing about 21268 a book (domain: social science) words from a periodical (domain: social EDF The Hundred Years War. Allmand, science) C, Cambridge University Press, Cam- EDT Management Today. Haymarket Pub- bridge (1991), 1-90. Sample containing lishing Group, London (1991-03). about 41568 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 45969 words main: world affairs) from a periodical (domain: commerce) EDG Ideal Home. South Bank Publishing EDU Marxism Today. u.p.. Sample contain- group, London (1991-19-19). Sample ing about 38426 words from a periodi- containing about 39125 words from a cal (domain: world affairs) periodical (domain: leisure) EDV A matter of honour. Archer, Jeffrey, EDH Introductory sociology. Sheard, K, Coronet Books, London (1992), 3-164. Stanworth, M, Bilton, T, Jones, P and Sample containing about 42525 words Bonnett, K, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, from a book (domain: imaginative) Basingstoke (1992), 1-100. Sample EDY The messianic legacy. Leigh, R, Lin- containing about 39418 words from a coln, H and Baigent, M, Corgi Books, book (domain: social science) London (1992), 11-160. Sample con- EDJ Talking it over. Barnes, J, Pan Books taining about 43670 words from a book Ltd, London (1992), 1-128. Sample (domain: belief and thought) containing about 36994 words from a EE0 [Midland Bank leaflets]. u.p.. Sample book (domain: imaginative) containing about 29110 words of mis- EDK The British population: patterns, cellanea (domain: commerce) trends. Salt, J and Coleman, D, Oxford EE1 Military Illustrated. Military Illus- University Press, Oxford (1992), 35- trated Ltd, London (1991-03). Sample 174. Sample containing about 42026 containing about 25138 words from a words from a book (domain: social sci- periodical (domain: social science) ence) EE2 The emergence of modern Japan. EDL International judicial assistance. Mc- Hunter, J, Longman, New York (1992), Clean, D, Oxford University Press, New 1-105. Sample containing about 42091 York (1992). Sample containing about words from a book (domain: world af- 48492 words from a book (domain: so- fairs) cial science) EE6 The Nottingham Graduate. Univer- EDM Women in engineering: a good place sity of Nottingham, Nottingham (1992). to be. Kirkup, G and Carter, R, Sample containing about 8671 words of Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke miscellanea (domain: leisure) (1990), 21-121. Sample containing EE7 [Official leaflets from Northern Ire- about 41207 words from a book (do- land]. u.p.. Sample containing about 172 12. List of works excerpted

9059 words of miscellanea (domain: science) commerce) EEJ [Royal Mail information leaflets]. EE8 Professional Nurse. Austen Cor- Royal Mail, Britain (1991). Sample nish Publishers Ltd, London (1992-05). containing about 13048 words of mis- Sample containing about 28490 words cellanea (domain: commerce) from a periodical (domain: social sci- EEK Family, work and education. Reedy, ence) S, Woodhead, M (eds.), Open Univer- EE9 The foundations of the welfare state. sity Press, Milton Keynes (1988), 5-96. Thane, P, Longman, New York (1991), Sample containing about 28698 words 4-98. Sample containing about 36942 from a book (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: world af- EEL [Salford University: miscellaneous fairs) documents]. University of Salford, Sal- EEA [Potato Marketing Board leaflets]. ford (1991). Sample containing about Potato Marketing Board, London 18975 words of miscellanea (domain: (1991). Sample containing about 6560 leisure) words of miscellanea (domain: com- EEM Science and religion. Brooke, J merce) H, Cambridge University Press, Cam- EEB People in organisations. Sallis, E and bridge (1993), 16-116. Sample con- Sallis, K, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, taining about 34245 words from a book Basingstoke (1990), 2-140. Sample (domain: belief and thought) containing about 32720 words from a EEN Sex, politics and society. Weeks, book (domain: commerce) J, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow EEC Responses to crime, volume 2. Windle- (1992), 1-95. Sample containing about sham, Oxford University Press, Oxford 37810 words from a book (domain: so- (1993), 1-143. Sample containing about cial science) 44075 words from a book (domain: so- EER Smallholder. Smallholder Pubs Ltd, cial science) King’s Lynn, Norfolk (1991-10). Sam- EED [Rail travel leaflets]. u.p.. Sample ple containing about 25599 words from containing about 7520 words of miscel- a periodical (domain: leisure) lanea (domain: leisure) EES Large vocabulary semantic analysis EEE Richard III. Horrox, R, Cambridge for text recognition. Rose, Tony Gerard, University Press, Cambridge (1992). u.p.. Sample containing about 42217 Sample containing about 39180 words words of unpublished miscellanea (do- from a book (domain: world affairs) main: applied science) EEF Rival states, rival firms. Henley, J, EET Sovereign worldwide. Sovereign Strange, S and Stopford, J, Cambridge worldwide, Crawley (1989). Sample University Press, Cambridge (1992), containing about 27951 words of mis- 32-136. Sample containing about cellanea (domain: leisure) 41403 words from a book (domain: EEV Steam Railway News. Lancashire Pub- commerce) lications Ltd, Wigan (1991-10). Sample EEG Holidays in Robin Hood country. u.p.. containing about 10390 words from a Sample containing about 5315 words of periodical (domain: leisure) miscellanea (domain: leisure) EEW In sunshine or in shadow. Bingham, EEH Consumer and commercial law. C, Bantam (Corgi), London (1992), 11- Goodge, R, Cranston, R (eds.), Oxford 103. Sample containing about 31057 University Press, New York (1993), 1- words from a book (domain: imagina- 339. Sample containing about 21942 tive) words from a book (domain: social EEX The story of Swanage. Lewer, David, 12. List of works excerpted 173

Harewood Publications, Bournemouth tive) (1986). Sample containing about 9530 EF8 Understanding children. Hughes, M, words of miscellanea (domain: world Grieve, R (eds.), Blackwell, Oxford affairs) (1992), 1-93. Sample containing about EEY The Tudor regime. Williams, P, Oxford 36025 words from a book (domain: so- University Press, Oxford (1991), 19- cial science) 108. Sample containing about 30587 EF9 Ulster Dawn. Ulster Dawn, Belfast words from a book (domain: world af- (1991). Sample containing about 4255 fairs) words of miscellanea (domain: world EF0 Theology and feminism. Hampson, D, affairs) Blackwell, Oxford (1992), 7-96. Sam- EFA The origins of the Vietnam war. Short, ple containing about 38532 words from A, Longman, New York (1990), 21- a book (domain: belief and thought) 101. Sample containing about 34259 EF1 Time of the assassins. MacNeill, Alas- words from a book (domain: world af- tair, Fontana Press, London (1992), 7- fairs) 135. Sample containing about 34892 EFB Women and crime. Heidensohn, F, words from a book (domain: imagina- Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke tive) (1985), 1-109. Sample containing about EF2 A traveller’s history of Scotland. 39757 words from a book (domain: so- Burke, J, John Murray (Publishers) cial science) Ltd, London (1990), 1-123. Sample EFC [Leaflets on tourism in Wales]. u.p.. containing about 34716 words from a Sample containing about 21423 words book (domain: leisure) of miscellanea (domain: leisure) EF3 Third parties in international law. EFD Is West Belfast working?. West Belfast Chinkin, C, Oxford University Press, Economic Forum, Belfast (1990). Sam- New York (1993). Sample containing ple containing about 32867 words from about 43383 words from a book (do- a periodical (domain: commerce) main: social science) EFE Warm hearted weekends. u.p.. Sample EF4 The third way: the promise of in- containing about 5954 words of miscel- dependent democracy. Lawrence, D, lanea (domain: leisure) Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London EFF BBC Wildlife. Wildlife Publications (1988). Sample containing about 39467 Ltd, London (1992-01). Sample con- words from a book (domain: com- taining about 47518 words from a pe- merce) riodical (domain: leisure) EF5 Transforming Britain. Graham, Mar- EFG Woman. IPC Magazines Ltd, Lon- tin (ed.), Conservative Research Dept, don (1991-19-19). Sample containing London (1991). Sample containing about 32459 words from a periodical about 9798 words from a periodical (domain: leisure) (domain: world affairs) EFH Woodworker. Argus Specialist Publi- EF6 Liberating communications. Palmer, M cations, Hemel Hempstead (1992-02). B and Tunstall, C J, Blackwell, Ox- Sample containing about 36016 words ford (1990), 11-95. Sample containing from a periodical (domain: leisure) about 32867 words from a book (do- EFJ Carrie’s war. Bawden, Nina, Puffin, main: commerce) Harmondsworth (1988), 7-142. Sample EF7 A twist in the tale. Archer, Jeffrey, containing about 42851 words from a Coronet Books, London (1992), 11- book (domain: imaginative) 192. Sample containing about 41752 EFN Baldwin. Jenkins, Roy, Collins, UK words from a book (domain: imagina- (1988), 29-166. Sample containing 174 12. List of works excerpted

about 45873 words from a book (do- ers) Ltd, London (1982), 1-58. Sample main: world affairs) containing about 15486 words from a EFP Jerusalem the golden. Drabble, Mar- book (domain: natural sciences) garet, Penguin Group, London (1988), EUS The architecture of digital computers. 27-106. Sample containing about Garside, R G, Oxford University Press, 32868 words from a book (domain: Oxford (1980), 1-137. Sample contain- imaginative) ing about 40516 words from a book (do- EFR Life on earth. Attenborough, David, main: applied science) Collins, UK (1988), 11-200. Sample EUU The City share pushers. David- containing about 43286 words from a son, Alexander, Scope Books Ltd, UK book (domain: natural sciences) (1989), 1-88. Sample containing about EFS Truth, dare or promise. Steedman, Car- 38146 words from a book (domain: olyn, Virago Press Ltd, London (1985), commerce) 103-123. Sample containing about EUW Design and development of programs 7822 words from a book (domain: so- as teaching materials. Fraser, Rose- cial science) mary, Burkhardt, Hugh and et al, Coun- EFT The Lion concise Bible handbook. cil for Educational Technology, UK Alexander, David, Alexander, Pat (1982), 13-77. Sample containing about (eds.), Lion Publishing plc, Tring, Herts 21182 words from a book (domain: ap- (1990), 8-83. Sample containing about plied science) 38377 words from a book (domain: be- EUX Directions in biblical Hebrew poetry. lief and thought) Follis, Elaine R (ed.), JSOT Press, EFU An omelette and a glass of wine. Sheffield (1987), 77-96. Sample con- David, Elizabeth, Penguin Group, Lon- taining about 7697 words from a book don (1987), 156-274. Sample contain- (domain: belief and thought) ing about 46427 words from a book (do- EUY Fallables. Geesin, Ron, Ron Geesin, main: leisure) UK (1975), 1-101. Sample containing EFV Richard the Lionheart. Gillingham, about 10294 words from a book (do- John, George Weidenfeld & Nicolson main: imaginative) Ltd, London (1989), 25-124. Sample EV1 The good terrorist. Lessing, Doris, containing about 40582 words from a Grafton Books, London (1986), 125- book (domain: world affairs) 209. Sample containing about 33620 EFW The siege of Krishnapur. Farrell, J words from a book (domain: imagina- G, Fontana Paperbacks, London (1988), tive) 205-313. Sample containing about EV3 Library provision and curriculum plan- 44348 words from a book (domain: ning. et al and Best, Ron, British Li- imaginative) brary Research & Development, UK EFX T S Eliot. Ackroyd, Peter, Sphere (1988), 1-113. Sample containing about Books Ltd, London (1988), 232-335. 41969 words from a book (domain: so- Sample containing about 45557 words cial science) from a book (domain: arts) EV4 Literacy. Cashdan, Asher (ed.), Black- EG0 Wigan Pier revisited. Campbell, Beat- well, Oxford (1986), 17-161. Sample rix, Virago Press Ltd, London (1985), containing about 40775 words from a 1-115. Sample containing about 42336 book (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: social sci- EV5 Learning to care on the surgical ward. ence) Merchant, Jane and Attree, Moira, Hod- EUR Adventures with small animals. der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent Bishop, Owen, John Murray (Publish- (1989), 1-110. Sample containing about 12. List of works excerpted 175

25119 words from a book (domain: so- taining about 42786 words from a book cial science) (domain: social science) EV6 Mammalian development. Monk, Mar- EVK Nutshells: constitutional and admin- ilyn, IRL Press Ltd, UK (1987), 1-120. istrative law. Hogan, Greer, Sweet Sample containing about 33417 words & Maxwell Ltd, London (1990), 1-92. from a book (domain: natural sciences) Sample containing about 36523 words EV8 Photography now. Howarth-Booth, from a book (domain: social science) Mark, Dirk Nishen Publishing, UK EVM Compacts: an approach through key (1989), 9-136. Sample containing about questions. Lawlor, Sean, Longman 14933 words from a book (domain: Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1989), 3-71. arts) Sample containing about 22589 words EV9 Rings, fields and groups: an introduc- from a book (domain: commerce) tion to abstract algebra. Allenby, R B EVN Cue Bruce. Hockin, Bruce, Redcliffe J T, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd, Press Ltd, UK (1990), 7-78. Sample Sevenoaks, Kent (1989), xi-xxvi. Sam- containing about 23220 words from a ple containing about 31079 words from book (domain: arts) a book (domain: natural sciences) EVP Democracy. Arblaster, Anthony, EVA Sleep and dreaming. Empson, Jacob, Open University Press, Milton Keynes Faber & Faber Ltd, London (1989), 3- (1987), 1-105. Sample containing about 121. Sample containing about 41017 35904 words from a book (domain: words from a book (domain: social sci- world affairs) ence) EVR Egyptian gods and myths. Thomas, EVB Teaching spelling. Torbe, Mike, Ward Angela P, Shire Publications Ltd, UK Lock Education, UK (1988), 5-56. (1989), 6-60. Sample containing about Sample containing about 15786 words 11289 words from a book (domain: be- from a book (domain: social science) lief and thought) EVC Topaz. Bennetts, Pamela, Magna Print EVS Women of El Salvador. Thomson, Mar- Books, UK (1988), 9-206. Sample con- ilyn, Zed Books Ltd, UK (1986), 11- taining about 37942 words from a book 138. Sample containing about 37935 (domain: imaginative) words from a book (domain: world af- EVF A career in advertising and public re- fairs) lations. Whiteaker, Stafford, BT Bats- EVV Graduated tests in mathematics. ford Ltd, London (1986), 9-100. Sam- Thorpe, Jim, Ruddock, Graham and ple containing about 33785 words from Foxman, Derek, Nfer-Nelson Publish- a book (domain: commerce) ing Company Ltd, UK (1989), 1-152. EVG Another time, another season. Dil- Sample containing about 39587 words lon, Anna, Sphere Books Ltd, Lon- from a book (domain: natural sciences) don (1989), 1-128. Sample containing EVW Imms’ general textbook of entomol- about 41755 words from a book (do- ogy vol. Richards, O W and Davies, main: imaginative) R G, Chapman & Hall, London (1977), EVH Basil Rocke: artist and teacher. De- 11-115. 1. Sample containing about vonald, Rosemary, Redcliffe Press Ltd, 29630 words from a book (domain: nat- UK (1989), 14-85. Sample containing ural sciences) about 31278 words from a book (do- EVX Mind and brain. Honderich, Ted, Ox- main: arts) ford University Press, Oxford (1990), EVJ Britannica’s typesetters. Reynolds, 13-89. Sample containing about 36693 Sian, Edinburgh University Press, Ed- words from a book (domain: belief and inburgh (1989), 23-112. Sample con- thought) 176 12. List of works excerpted

EVY Manpower solutions. Dean, Derek J, EWC Watership Down. Adams, Richard, Scutari Projects Ltd, UK (1987), 1-60. Penguin Group, London (1987), 15- Sample containing about 16936 words 136. Sample containing about 45659 from a book (domain: commerce) words from a book (domain: imagina- EW1 The age of Balfour and Baldwin 1902- tive) 1940. Ramsden, John, Longman Group EWF My favourite stories of Lakeland. UK Ltd, Harlow (1978), 65-151. Sam- Bragg, Melvyn, Lutterworth Press, ple containing about 41695 words from Cambridge (1981), 117-122. Sample a book (domain: world affairs) containing about 2049 words from a EW4 Proportional representation: which book (domain: imaginative) system?. Sykes, Leslie, The Hornbeam EWG The Americas. Lancaster, A B, Press, Leicester (1990), 1-76. Sample Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd, containing about 28153 words from a Sevenoaks, Kent (1984), 1-114. Sample book (domain: world affairs) containing about 42453 words from a EW5 Profitboss. Freemantle, David, Pan book (domain: world affairs) Books Ltd, London (1988), 17-221. EWH Armada. Gidley, Charles, Fontana Sample containing about 35596 words Paperbacks, London (1988), 11-120. from a book (domain: commerce) Sample containing about 38580 words EW6 The quantum world. Polkinghorne, J from a book (domain: imaginative) C, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow EWM Landscape for a good woman [from (1984), 1-82. Sample containing about Truth, dare or promise]. Heron, Liz, 32327 words from a book (domain: nat- Virago Press Ltd, London (1985), 153- ural sciences) 169. Sample containing about 6437 EW7 Resource-based learning. Beswick, words from a book (domain: social sci- Norman, Heinemann Educational ence) Books Ltd, UK (1984), 32-121. Sample EWR English & Englishness. Doyle, Brian, containing about 41651 words from a Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London book (domain: social science) (1989), 17-132. Sample containing EW8 Sexual aspects of social work. Stew- about 43258 words from a book (do- art, W F R, Woodhead-Faulkner Ltd, main: social science) UK (1979), 13-146. Sample containing EWW Matrices and engineering dynamics. about 40182 words from a book (do- Simpson, A and Collar, A R, Ellis Hor- main: social science) wood Ltd, Chichester (1987), 11-195. EW9 Stockport Grammar School 1487- Sample containing about 40613 words 1987. Ball, James, Old Vicarage Publi- from a book (domain: natural sciences) cations, Congleton (1987), 12-99. Sam- EWX Myocardial infarction: acute care ple containing about 40980 words from and rehabilitation. Carne, S J and a book (domain: world affairs) Harten-Ash, V J, Duphar Laboratories EWA Style in fiction. Short, Michael H and Ltd, UK (1990), 1-51. Sample con- Leech, Geoffrey N, Longman Group taining about 17808 words from a book UK Ltd, Harlow (1987), 11-146. Sam- (domain: natural sciences) ple containing about 43998 words from EX0 Oriental rugs: a buyer’s guide. Al- a book (domain: arts) lane, Lee, Thames & Hudson Ltd, UK EWB Walking the Dales. Harding, Mike, (1988), 6-108. Sample containing about Michael Joseph Ltd, London (1989), 33825 words from a book (domain: 51-129. Sample containing about leisure) 24218 words from a book (domain: EX1 Motor racing: records, facts and leisure) champions. Morrison, Ian, Guinness 12. List of works excerpted 177

Publications, UK (1989), 7-188. Sam- F72PS002 ple containing about 15224 words from F72PS003 a book (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 6867 words EX2 Regulation of the firm and natural speech recorded in educational context monopoly. Waterson, Michael, Basil F73 [Ralph Gardner High School: talk be- Blackwell Ltd, Oxford (1988), 1-83. tween teacher and caretaker]. Sample containing about 30691 words PS1KU 46, ‘Andrew’, teacher, male PS1KV 40, caretaker, male from a book (domain: commerce) EX4 [Excerpt from My favourite stories of Sample containing about 370 words Lakeland]. Nicholson, Norman, Lut- speech recorded in educational context terworth Press, Cambridge (1981), 96- F74 [Ralph Gardner High School: art les- 101. Sample containing about 2821 son for fourteen-year-olds]. PS1KW 46, ‘Andrew’, teacher, male words from a book (domain: imagina- PS1KX 35+, teacher, female tive) PS1KY 14, ‘Michael’, student, male EX5 Study for survival and success. Mere- Sample containing about 929 words deen, Sander, Paul Chapman Publishing speech recorded in educational context Ltd, London (1988), 1-120. Sample F75 [Mounting a picture: demonstration]. containing about 38689 words from a PS1L0 46, ‘Andrew’, teacher, male book (domain: social science) Sample containing about 597 words EX6 Successful media relations: a practi- speech recorded in educational context tioner’s guide. Ridgway, Judith, Gower F76 [School Registration]. Publishing Company Ltd, Aldershot PS1L1 46, ‘Andrew’, teacher, AB, male (1984), 11-132. Sample containing PS1L2 14, ‘Gillian’, student, DE, female about 34435 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 161 words main: commerce) speech recorded in educational context EX7 Dear Green Place [from Truth, dare or F77 [Etching lesson]. promise]. Riley, Denise, Virago Press PS1L3 46, ‘Andrew’, teacher, male PS1L4 45, teacher, female Ltd, London (1985), 237-248. Sam- PS1L5 14, ‘Kevin’, student, male ple containing about 4001 words from Sample containing about 4901 words a book (domain: social science) speech recorded in educational context EX8 Water supplies and the treatment and F78 [Staff meeting]. disposal of effluents. Little, A H, PS1L6 46, ‘Andrew’, teacher, male The Textile Institute, UK (1975), 1-31. PS1L7 30, teacher, female Sample containing about 11323 words Sample containing about 58 words from a book (domain: applied science) speech recorded in educational context F71 A poet’s response to the pictures of F7A [Tyneside Cinema Board meeting]. Gauguin: [Picture appreciation les- PS1L8 50+, ‘Roger’, male son]. PS1L9 40+, ‘Peter’, chief executive, male PS1LA 30+, ‘Susie’, lecturer, female F71PS000 PS1LB 50+, ‘Geoff’, accountant, male F71PS001 PS1LC 50+, ‘John’, lecturer, male F71PS002 PS1LD 40+, ‘Colin’, male F71PS003 PS1LE 20+, ‘Bryony’, secretary, female F71PS004 F71PS005 Sample containing about 14014 words F71PS006 speech recorded in business context F71PS007 F7C [Audio Description Action Group: Sample containing about 6754 words meeting]. speech recorded in educational context PS1LG 30+, ‘Robert’, arts officer, male F72 [Storytelling workshop]. PS1LH 30+, ‘Brian’, theatre manager, male F72PS000 PS1LJ 50+, ‘Iris’, audio services, female F72PS001 PS1LK 30+, ‘Jane’, social worker, female 178 12. List of works excerpted

PS1LL 40+, ‘Cathy’, social worker, female Sample containing about 1751 words F7CPS000 speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 13805 words F7N [Ampleforth Prep School: remedial speech recorded in business context English lesson for eleven-year-olds]. F7E [Teachers’ conference: discussing PS1MH 50+, teacher, female maths lessons]. Sample containing about 2058 words PS1LS 40+, ‘Alan’, teacher, male speech recorded in educational context PS1LT 40+, ‘Cath’, teacher, female PS1LU 40+, ‘Judith’, teacher, female F7R [Mark Hall School: religious studies PS1LV 30+, ‘Ian’, teacher, male lesson for eleven-year-olds]. F7EPS000 PS1ML 30+, teacher, female Sample containing about 4244 words PS1MM ‘Steve’, male speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 6064 words F7F [Teachers’ conference: discussing as- speech recorded in educational context sessment procedures]. F7S [Mark Hall School: science lesson for PS1LW 50+, ‘Don’, teacher, male fourteen- and fifteen-year-olds]. F7FPS000 PS1MN 30+, teacher, female F7FPS001 F7SPS000 F7FPS002 Sample containing about 444 words F7FPS003 F7FPS004 speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 15742 words F7T [Lecture for eighteen-year-old students speech recorded in educational context on local councils and elections]. PS1MP 30+, ‘Ken’, lecturer, male F7G [Teachers’ conference: discussing as- F7TPS000 sessment procedures]. Sample containing about 7541 words PS1M4 40+, ‘Andrew’, teacher, male PS1M5 30+, ‘Angela’, teacher, female speech recorded in educational context PS1M6 30+, ‘Paul’, teacher, male F7U [Lecture on Isomers]. PS1M7 40+, ‘Rod’, teacher, male PS1MR 46, ‘Danny’, lecturer, male PS1M8 50+, ‘Don’, teacher, male F7UPS000 PS1M9 40+, ‘Alan’, teacher, male PS1MA 30+, ‘Terry’, teacher, male Sample containing about 11065 words Sample containing about 5676 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context F7V [Personal services: meeting of council- F7J [COHSE/NALGO/NUPE/meeting]. lors]. F7VPS000 F7JPS000 F7JPS001 Sample containing about 19876 words F7JPS002 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 11154 words F7W [Clitheroe magistrates’ court: trials]. speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 6984 words F7K [Ampleforth Prep School: remedial speech recorded in public context English lesson for nine-year-olds]. F7X [Clitheroe magistrates’ court: trials]. PS1ME 35+, teacher, female Sample containing about 5367 words Sample containing about 1077 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in educational context F7Y [Harlow Study Centre: oral history in- F7L [Ampleforth Prep School: geography terview]. lesson for twelve-year-olds]. PS1MS interviewer, female PS1MT 70+, ‘Mrs Druce’, retired, female PS1MF 50+, teacher, female Sample containing about 3732 words Sample containing about 4832 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in leisure context F7M [Ampleforth Prep School: English les- F81 [Harlow Study Centre: interview]. PS1MW son for nine-year-olds]. PS1MX , male PS1MG 35+, teacher, male PS1MY , female 12. List of works excerpted 179

Sample containing about 7762 words F89 [Birmingham College of Food: student speech recorded in leisure context union induction speech]. F82 [Harlow Study Centre: interview]. PS1NR 25, ‘Joey’, student union president, male PS1N0 , female Sample containing about 1452 words PS1N1 , male PS1N2 , female speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 5347 words F8A [Birmingham College of Food: lecture speech recorded in leisure context on food]. F84 [Church of Scotland: Meeting on rules PS1NS 40+, ‘Pat’, lecturer, female and regulations]. Sample containing about 3160 words PS1N6 ‘Hugh’, moderator, male speech recorded in educational context PS1N7 ‘Mr Malloch’, male F8B [Harlow Rotary Club: talk on engi- PS1N8 ‘Mr Holt’, male PS1N9 ‘Mr McKweon’, male neering]. F84PS000 PS1NX 50+, ‘Tom Grundy’, AB, male Sample containing about 2066 words PS1NY 50+, ‘John’, DE, male PS1P0 50+, ‘George’, DE, male speech recorded in public context PS1P2 60+, ‘Donald’, male F85 [Church of Scotland: Report on Bap- PS1P3 40+, ‘Alan’, male PS1P4 50+, ‘Tom’, male tism]. PS1P5 50+, male PS1NA ‘Hugh’, moderator, male PS1P6 50+, ‘Tom’, male PS1NB ‘Dr Stuart’, male PS1NC ‘Ian’, male Sample containing about 5756 words F85PS000 speech recorded in leisure context F85PS001 F85PS002 F8C [British Red Cross first aid course]. F85PS003 PS1P7 50, ‘Audrey’, first aid officer, female F85PS004 Sample containing about 5235 words F85PS005 speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 10501 words F8D [British Red Cross first aid course]. speech recorded in public context PS1P8 50, ‘Audrey’, first aid officer, female F86 [Church of Scotland: Meeting on rules PS1P9 40, ‘Elaine’, lecturer, female and regulations]. PS1PA 40, ‘Denise’, lecturer, female PS1NE ‘Hugh’, moderator, AB, male Sample containing about 11556 words PS1NF ‘Mr Boyd’, male PS1NG ‘Mr Torrence’, male speech recorded in educational context PS1NH ‘Mr Forrester’, male F8E [Newcastle University Department of PS1NJ ‘Mr McGilvery’, male Marine Biology and Coastal Manage- F86PS000 F86PS001 ment: lecture on oceanography]. F86PS002 PS1PB 30+, ‘Chris’, lecturer, male F86PS003 Sample containing about 5167 words Sample containing about 9132 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in public context F8F [Newcastle University Department of F87 [Church of Scotland: Report on Church Marine Biology and Coastal Manage- funds]. ment: tutorial]. PS1NK ‘Hugh’, moderator, male F87PS000 PS1PC 40+, tutor, female F87PS001 F8FPS000 F87PS002 F8FPS001 Sample containing about 3638 words Sample containing about 643 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in educational context F88 [Birmingham College of Food: lecture F8G [Newcastle University Department of on tourism]. Marine Biology and Coastal Manage- PS1NP 30, ‘Melvin’, lecturer, male ment: discussion and training video]. Sample containing about 7817 words Sample containing about 3726 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context 180 12. List of works excerpted

F8H [Newcastle University Department of Sample containing about 5243 words Marine Biology and Coastal Manage- speech recorded in educational context ment: lecture on communication skills F8U [BNC Project: weekly progress meet- and training video]. ing]. PS1PD 50+, head of department PS1RA 25, ‘Wendy’, lexicographer, female Sample containing about 4085 words PS1R7 27, ‘Clare’, secretary, female PS1R8 24, ‘Derek’, chemist, male speech recorded in educational context PS1R9 24, ‘David’, physicist, male F8J [Newcastle University: lecture on word processing]. Sample containing about 9511 words PS1PE 30+, lecturer, male speech recorded in business context F98 Computers and the humanities. Kenny, Sample containing about 2066 words A, u.p.. Sample containing about 5688 speech recorded in educational context words of unpublished miscellanea (do- F8L [Norwich City College: NNEB lecture]. PS1PF 30, ‘Cathy’, lecturer, female main: applied science) F99 Adam’s paradise. Rush, A, Macmillan Sample containing about 10567 words Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke (1989), 1- speech recorded in educational context 146. Sample containing about 40400 F8M [Norwich City College: drama course words from a book (domain: imagina- meeting and lecture]. tive) PS1PG 50+, ‘Francis’, lecturer, male F8MPS000 F9A An introduction to archaeology. F8MPS001 Atkins, R and Atkins, L, Quintet Pub- F8MPS002 F8MPS003 lishing Ltd, London (1989), 8-122. F8MPS004 Sample containing about 26812 words F8MPS005 from a book (domain: applied science) F8MPS006 F8MPS007 F9B The administration of justice. u.p. Sample containing about 5757 words (n.d.), 227-312. Sample containing speech recorded in educational context about 40711 words from a book (do- F8N [Harlow Rotary Club : talk on atomic main: social science) engineering]. F9C The adultery department. Bryers, P, PS1PH ‘Ian’, lecturer, male Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd, London PS1PJ ‘Don’, male (1993), 1-130. Sample containing about PS1PK ‘Frank’, male 45093 words from a book (domain: PS1PL ‘Gordon’, male PS1PM ‘Jeff’, male imaginative) Sample containing about 5436 words F9D Advertising: what it is and how to speech recorded in leisure context do it. White, R, McGraw-Hill Book F8P [Walsall Local History Centre: talk Company, Maidenhead (1993), 44-137. about Home Guard]. Sample containing about 40765 words PS1PN ‘Joyce’, interviewer, female from a book (domain: commerce) PS1PP 70, ‘Ernest’, retired, male F9E Introduction to the sociology of devel- Sample containing about 7960 words opment. Webster, A, Macmillan Pub- speech recorded in leisure context lishers Ltd, Basingstoke (1990), 1-128. F8R [Leigh Community Centre: lecture on Sample containing about 42120 words China]. from a book (domain: social science) PS1PR 30, ‘Neil’, lecturer, male F9F The trials of life. Attenborough, David, Sample containing about 15819 words David Collins & sons, London (1990), speech recorded in educational context 1-161. Sample containing about 40771 F8S [Newcastle University: lecture on mi- words from a book (domain: natural crobiology]. sciences) PS1PS 38, lecturer, male F9G Beyond the inner city. Byrne, D, 12. List of works excerpted 181

Open University Press, Milton Keynes Swann, W, Booth, T, Masterton, M and (1989), 3-98. Sample containing about Potts, P, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, 41389 words from a book (domain: so- London (1992), 9-113. Sample con- cial science) taining about 39646 words from a book F9H The birdwatcher’s handbook. Ehrlich, (domain: social science) Paul R. et al, Oxford University Press, F9U Dance till the stars come down. Spald- Oxford (1994), 9-123. Sample contain- ing, F, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, ing about 40135 words from a book (do- Sevenoaks, Kent (1991), 87-205. A bi- main: leisure) ography of John Minton. Sample con- F9J Bookseller. J Whitaker & sons, Lon- taining about 43306 words from a book don (1993-19-19). Sample containing (domain: world affairs) about 30099 words from a periodical F9V Discourse analysis. Yule, G and (domain: arts) Brown, G, Cambridge University Press, F9K Introduction to contemporary episte- Cambridge (1991), 1-112. Sample con- mology. Dancy, J, Blackwell, Oxford taining about 39578 words from a book (1992). Sample containing about 39434 (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: belief and F9W Discourse. Cook, G, Oxford Univer- thought) sity Press, Oxford (1992), 3-110. Sam- F9L Church and realm: 1272-1461. Heath, ple containing about 39288 words from P, Fontana Press, London (1988), 1- a book (domain: social science) 127. Sample containing about 39591 F9X Deceit. Darvill-Evans, P, Virgin, Lon- words from a book (domain: belief and don (1993), 157-295. Sample contain- thought) ing about 46151 words from a book (do- F9M City psalms. Zephaniah, B, Bloodaxe main: imaginative) books ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne (1992), F9Y Doctor Who: the early years. Ben- 11-64. Sample containing about 8494 tham, J, W H Allen & Company plc, words from a book (domain: imagina- London (1986), 29-207. Sample con- tive) taining about 44568 words from a book F9N Cloak of darkness. MacInnes, H, (domain: world affairs) HarperCollins, Glasgow (1982), 7-131. FA0 Restructuring Britain: the economy in Sample containing about 41922 words question. Allen, J and Massey, D, Sage from a book (domain: imaginative) Publications Ltd, London (1988), 8- F9P Cold War Europe: 1945-1989. Young, 108. Sample containing about 42700 J, Edward Arnold, London (1991), 1- words from a book (domain: com- 86. Sample containing about 42862 merce) words from a book (domain: world af- FA1 Environment and enforcement regula- fairs) tion and the social definition. Hawkins, F9R A compass error. Bedford, S, Vi- K, Oxford University Press, Oxford rago Press Ltd, London (1993), 53-168. (1993), 3-93. Sample containing about Sample containing about 39899 words 40557 words from a book (domain: so- from a book (domain: imaginative) cial science) F9S Contemporary British society. Urry, FA2 The French Pyrenees. Sturrock, J, J, Walby, S, Warde, A, Soothill, K Faber & Faber Ltd, London (1988), 5- and Abercrombie, N, Blackwell, Ox- 117. Sample containing about 40717 ford (1993), 206-329. Sample contain- words from a book (domain: leisure) ing about 42163 words from a book (do- FA3 First degree: the undergraduate cur- main: social science) riculum. Squires, G, Open University F9T Curricula for diversity in education. Press, Milton Keynes (1990), 1-118. 182 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 44551 words tram, P, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, from a book (domain: social science) London (1989), 1-69. Sample contain- FA4 Further developments of the electronic ing about 41103 words from a book (do- book. Feldman, Tony, BNBR, London main: arts) (1991). Sample containing about 7574 FAF Losing out: the emergence of a UK words of miscellanea (domain: applied underclass. Field, F, Blackwell, Ox- science) ford (1989), 82-196. Sample containing FA5 Flowers in the rain. Pilcher, R, Coronet about 42508 words from a book (do- Books, London (1991), 1-126. Sample main: social science) containing about 35812 words from a FAG The making of the English landscape. book (domain: imaginative) Hoskins, W, Hodder & Stoughton FA6 Gender and subject in higher educa- Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent (1992), 140-242. tion. Thomas, K, Open University Sample containing about 49257 words Press, Milton Keynes (1990), 1-80. from a book (domain: world affairs) Sample containing about 37923 words FAH Managing innovation. u.p. (n.d.), 7- from a book (domain: social science) 113. Sample containing about 41649 FA7 Governing Germany. Southern, D and words from a book (domain: com- Paterson, W, Blackwell, Oxford (1991), merce) 1-110. Sample containing about 40313 FAJ Masai dreaming. Cartwright, J, words from a book (domain: world af- Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Basingstoke fairs) (1993), 50-182. Sample containing FA8 Human resource strategies. Salaman, about 42500 words from a book (do- G, Mabey, C, Hamblin, H, Thompson, main: imaginative) Cameron, S and Iles, P, Open University FAK Material culture and mass consump- Press, Milton Keynes (1992). Sample tion. Miller, D, Blackwell, Oxford containing about 41426 words from a (1987), 68-167. Sample containing book (domain: commerce) about 41483 words from a book (do- FA9 Ideology and opinions. Billig, M, Sage main: social science) Publications Ltd, London (1991), 57- FAM Curriculum evaluation in schools. 167. Sample containing about 43076 McCormick, R and James, M, Rout- words from a book (domain: social sci- ledge & Kegan Paul plc, London ence) (1990), 5-121. Sample containing about FAB The ladykiller. Cole, M, Headline 39645 words from a book (domain: so- Book Publishing plc, London (1993), cial science) 143-269. Sample containing about FAN Men who overturned empires. Tin- 42303 words from a book (domain: ker, H, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Bas- imaginative) ingstoke (1987). Sample containing FAC Lexical semantics. Cruse, D A, Cam- about 44582 words from a book (do- bridge University Press, Cambridge main: social science) (1991), 1-124. Sample containing about FAP Murder forestalled. Chester, P, Chivers 42643 words from a book (domain: so- Press, UK (1990), 7-151. Sample con- cial science) taining about 44565 words from a book FAD Linguistic variation and change. Mil- (domain: imaginative) roy, J, Blackwell, Oxford (1992), 48- FAS The other country. Duffy, C A, Anvil 160. Sample containing about 42463 Poetry Press, London (1990), 7-55. words from a book (domain: social sci- Sample containing about 8341 words ence) from a book (domain: imaginative) FAE Living space in fact and fiction. Tris- FAT Pillion riders. Taylor, E R, Peter Owen 12. List of works excerpted 183

(1993), 38-165. Sample containing London (1991), 1-91. Sample contain- about 42997 words from a book (do- ing about 21975 words from a book (do- main: imaginative) main: world affairs) FAU Principles of hotel and catering law. FB5 Social classes in Marxist theory. Cot- Pannett, A, Cassell, London (1992). trell, A, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, Sample containing about 41304 words London (1984), 158-265. Sample con- from a book (domain: social science) taining about 45207 words from a book FAV Public sector financial control and ac- (domain: social science) counting. Glynn, J, Blackwell, Ox- FB6 Sociology: themes and perspectives. ford (1993), 15-146. Sample containing Holborn, M and Haralambos, M, about 37803 words from a book (do- HarperCollins, London (1991), 1-80. main: commerce) Sample containing about 38253 words FAW A question of place. Johnston, R J, from a book (domain: social science) Blackwell, Oxford (1991), 9-171. Sam- FB7 Spain 1808-1975. Carr, R, Oxford Uni- ple containing about 30431 words from versity Press, Oxford (1993), 1-129. a book (domain: world affairs) Sample containing about 40568 words FAX Qualitative methods in human geogra- from a book (domain: world affairs) phy. Smith, D, Eyles, J (eds.), Polity FB8 Cinema Secrets: Special effects. Mil- Press, Cambridge (1988), 75-133. Sam- lar, D, Quintet Publishing Ltd, Lon- ple containing about 39305 words from don (1990), 7-103. Sample containing a book (domain: world affairs) about 23773 words from a book (do- FAY Race, culture and difference. Donald, J main: arts) and Rattansi, A, Open University Press, FB9 Summer’s lease. Mortimer, J, Penguin Milton Keynes (1993), 1-97. Sample Group, London (1988), 1-155. Sample containing about 42012 words from a containing about 41871 words from a book (domain: social science) book (domain: imaginative) FB0 The radiant way. Drabble, Margaret, FBA Symbols of excellence. Clark, G, Cam- Penguin Group, London (1988), 1-103. bridge University Press, Cambridge Sample containing about 41456 words (1986), 1-106. Sample containing about from a book (domain: imaginative) 36697 words from a book (domain: FB1 Rethinking the Russian revolution. Ac- world affairs) ton, Edward, Edward Arnold (Publish- FBB The Greek world: 479-323BC. Horn- ers) Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent (1992), 5- blower, S, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, 106. Sample containing about 43703 London (1991), 32-126. Sample con- words from a book (domain: world af- taining about 37698 words from a book fairs) (domain: world affairs) FB2 Rural Britain: a social geography. FBC The penal system. Dignan, J and Williams, A and Phillips, D, Blackwell, Cavadino, M, Sage Publications Ltd, Oxford (1985), 47-174. Sample con- London (1992), 9-117. Sample con- taining about 43850 words from a book taining about 41834 words from a book (domain: world affairs) (domain: social science) FB3 Studying popular music. Middleton, R, FBD Ways of communicating. Mellor, D Open University Press, Milton Keynes M, Bateson, P, Alvey, J, Chomsky, N, (1993), 3-83. Sample containing about Goehr and Barlow, H, Cambridge Uni- 40194 words from a book (domain: versity Press, Cambridge (1990), 4-124. arts) Sample containing about 32242 words FB4 The history of Siberia. Wood, Alan from a book (domain: social science) (ed.), Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, FBE What is this thing called science?. 184 12. List of works excerpted

Chalmers, A F, Open University Press, 12021 words from a periodical (do- Milton Keynes (1992), 1-120. Sample main: leisure) containing about 40070 words from a FBS The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume book (domain: natural sciences) 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 4340 FBF Women’s Art Magazine. Townsend, words from a periodical (domain: social S, Women artists slide library, London science) (1992-10). Sample containing about FBT The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 15261 words from a periodical (do- 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6523 main: arts) words from a periodical (domain: social FBG Zoom. Armitage, S, Bloodaxe books science) ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne (1989), 9-80. FBU The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume Sample containing about 13115 words 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 4931 from a book (domain: imaginative) words from a periodical (domain: social FBH Community development journal. Ox- science) ford University Press, Oxford (1993- FBV The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 07), 199-287. Sample containing about 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 23062 30448 words from a periodical (do- words from a periodical (domain: social main: social science) science) FBJ The Criminal Law Review. Ashworth, FBW The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume Andrew, Oxford University Press, Ox- 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 12850 ford (1992-19-19), 1-138. Sample con- words from a periodical (domain: social taining about 27398 words from a book science) (domain: social science) FBX The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FBK The Criminal Law Review. Ashworth, 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6391 Andrew, Oxford University Press, Ox- words from a periodical (domain: social ford (1992-19-19), 1-386. Sample con- science) taining about 31870 words from a book FBY The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume (domain: social science) 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 7363 FBL Esquire. The National Magazine Com- words from a periodical (domain: social pany Ltd, London (1993-19-19). Sam- science) ple containing about 58743 words from FC0 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume a periodical (domain: arts) 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3451 FBM Esquire. The National Magazine words from a periodical (domain: social Company Ltd, London (1992-19-19). science) Sample containing about 71404 words FC1 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume from a periodical (domain: arts) 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 2440 FBN Practical Fishkeeping. EMAP Pursuit words from a periodical (domain: social Publishing Ltd, Peterborough, Cambs science) (1992-19-19). Sample containing about FC2 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 52613 words from a periodical (do- 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 4312 main: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: social FBP Nature. Macmillan Magazines Ltd, science) London (1993-19-19). Sample contain- FC3 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume ing about 30881 words from a periodi- 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 2772 cal (domain: natural sciences) words from a periodical (domain: social FBR Photography. Argus Specialist Pub- science) lications, Hemel Hempstead (1990- FC4 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 19-19). Sample containing about 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 9254 12. List of works excerpted 185

words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FC5 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCH The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 10340 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5353 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FC6 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCJ The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 12722 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 33093 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FC7 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCK The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 4061 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 12831 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FC8 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCL The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3000 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 34864 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FC9 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCM The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 1984 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5692 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCA The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCN The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6101 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3949 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCB The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCP The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5700 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5581 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCC The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCR The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5973 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 11097 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCD The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCS The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5762 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 10317 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCE The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCT The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 10852 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5663 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCF The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCU The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3687 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3422 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCG The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FCV The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3040 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3774 186 12. List of works excerpted

words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCW The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FD9 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 8166 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 9997 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCX The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDA The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6355 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 12239 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FCY The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDB The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3220 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 8149 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD0 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDC The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6761 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 15291 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD1 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDD The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 19129 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 14261 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD2 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDE The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5857 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 930 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD3 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDF The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 26954 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 2864 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD4 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDG The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 8488 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 8310 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD5 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDH The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6378 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 10035 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD6 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDJ The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 4244 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5516 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD7 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDK The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 12670 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6600 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FD8 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FDL The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 9353 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6206 12. List of works excerpted 187

words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FDM The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FE1 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 4767 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 21473 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FDN The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FE2 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 7465 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 27250 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FDP The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FE3 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 11589 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 13101 words from a periodical (domain: social words from a periodical (domain: social science) science) FDR The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FE5 The repatriations from Austria in 1945. 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 7411 Cowgill, Brigadier Anthony, Sinclair- words from a periodical (domain: social Stevenson Ltd, London (1990), 1-112. science) Sample containing about 29300 words FDS The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume from a book (domain: world affairs) 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 4505 FE6 The computer-based design process. words from a periodical (domain: social Medland, A J, Kogan Page Ltd, Lon- science) don (1986), 13-214. Sample containing FDT The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume about 39555 words from a book (do- 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 5074 main: applied science) words from a periodical (domain: social FEB Herbs. Bonar, Ann, Ward Lock Ltd, science) London (1989), 10-103. Sample con- FDU The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume taining about 35503 words from a book 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6403 (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: social FED Left side right side. Beaton, Alan, science) Batsford Academic & Educational, UK FDV The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume (1985), 62-140. Sample containing 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 22191 about 39035 words from a book (do- words from a periodical (domain: social main: social science) science) FEE The L-shaped room. Banks, Lynne FDW The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume Reid, Penguin Group, London (1987), 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 10006 98-206. Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: social 45473 words from a book (domain: science) imaginative) FDX The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume FEF Lectures on electromagnetic theory. 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 2843 Solymar, L, Oxford University Press, words from a periodical (domain: social Oxford (1984), 5-118. Sample contain- science) ing about 26854 words from a book (do- FDY The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume main: applied science) 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 6164 FEH Living mathematics for the Caribbean. words from a periodical (domain: social Ferguson, I S, Macmillan Publishers science) Ltd, Basingstoke (1988), v-170. Book FE0 The Weekly Law Reports 1992 Volume 1. Sample containing about 24826 3. u.p.. Sample containing about 3298 words from a book (domain: natural 188 12. List of works excerpted

sciences) about 34229 words from a book (do- FEJ Model financial statements for public main: arts) and private companies. Stoy Hayward, FL4 Menopause: television discussion. Butterworth & Company (pub) Ltd, UK FL4PS000 FL4PS001 (1990), 1-115. Sample containing about FL4PS002 17361 words from a book (domain: FL4PS003 commerce) FL4PS004 FL4PS005 FEM Old serpent Nile. Stewart, Stanley, FL4PS006 John Murray (Publishers) Ltd, London FL4PS007 (1991), 3-120. A journey to the source. FL4PS008 Sample containing about 39758 words Sample containing about 4700 words from a book (domain: leisure) speech recorded in leisure context FEP Ring of fire. Blair, Lorne, Bantam FL5 Football: television discussion. FL5PS000 (Corgi), London (1988), 9-127. Sample FL5PS001 containing about 40985 words from a FL5PS002 book (domain: leisure) FL5PS003 FL5PS004 FES The seaman: a history of the National FL5PS005 Union of Seamen. Marsh, Arthur, Malt- FL5PS006 house Publishing, UK (1989), 1-83. FL5PS007 FL5PS008 Sample containing about 39677 words Sample containing about 5108 words from a book (domain: world affairs) speech recorded in leisure context FET Still life. Byatt, A S, Penguin Group, FL6 Eating disorders: television discussion. London (1988), 1-84. Sample contain- FL6PS000 ing about 35526 words from a book (do- FL6PS001 main: imaginative) FL6PS002 FL6PS003 FEU Student’s guide to success. Cassie, W FL6PS004 Fisher and Constantine, T, Macmillan FL6PS005 Education Ltd, UK (1989), 1-119. Sam- FL6PS006 FL6PS007 ple containing about 45256 words from FL6PS008 a book (domain: social science) Sample containing about 4849 words FEV Supersense: perception in the animal speech recorded in leisure context world. Downer, John, BBC Books, UK FL7 Misogyny: television discussion. (1989), 8-145. Sample containing about FL7PS000 38397 words from a book (domain: nat- FL7PS001 FL7PS002 ural sciences) FL7PS003 FEW Temporary employment. Casey, FL7PS004 Bernard, PSI Publications, UK (1988), FL7PS005 FL7PS006 12-147. Sample containing about FL7PS007 37996 words from a book (domain: FL7PS008 commerce) Sample containing about 5144 words FEX The vitality diet. Stewart, Alan and speech recorded in leisure context Stewart, Maryon, Thorsons Publishers, FL8 Scottish Women: discussion about ‘the UK (1990), 7-229. Sample containing body beautiful’. about 34333 words from a book (do- FL8PS000 main: leisure) Sample containing about 5062 words FF0 Writing crime fiction. Keating, H R speech recorded in leisure context F, A & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, Lon- FL9 Scottish Women: discussion about don (1986), 3-72. Sample containing crime. FL9PS000 12. List of works excerpted 189

Sample containing about 5035 words FLFPS007 speech recorded in leisure context FLFPS008 FLA Scottish Women: discussion about Sample containing about 4837 words transport. speech recorded in leisure context FLAPS000 FLG Mental health: television discussion. Sample containing about 4914 words FLGPS000 FLGPS001 speech recorded in leisure context FLGPS002 FLB Scottish Women: discussion about FLGPS003 love. FLGPS004 FLGPS005 FLBPS000 FLGPS006 Sample containing about 4569 words FLGPS007 speech recorded in leisure context FLGPS008 FLC Scottish Women: property, the arts, the Sample containing about 4936 words press, school. speech recorded in leisure context FLCPS000 FLH Animal rights: television discussion. FLCPS001 FLHPS000 FLCPS002 FLHPS001 FLCPS003 FLHPS002 FLCPS004 FLHPS003 FLCPS005 FLHPS004 FLCPS006 FLHPS005 FLCPS007 FLHPS006 FLCPS008 FLHPS007 Sample containing about 4745 words FLHPS008 speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 4861 words FLD Families: television discussion. speech recorded in leisure context FLDPS000 FLK Young women in Scotland: television FLDPS001 discussion. FLDPS002 FLKPS000 FLDPS003 FLKPS001 FLDPS004 FLKPS002 FLDPS005 FLKPS003 FLDPS006 FLKPS004 FLDPS007 FLKPS005 FLDPS008 FLKPS006 Sample containing about 4740 words FLKPS007 speech recorded in leisure context FLKPS008 FLE The Royals: television discussion. Sample containing about 5270 words FLEPS000 speech recorded in leisure context FLEPS001 FLL Traditions: television discussion. FLEPS002 FLLPS000 FLEPS003 FLLPS001 FLEPS004 FLLPS002 FLEPS005 FLLPS003 FLEPS006 FLLPS004 FLEPS007 FLLPS005 FLEPS008 FLLPS006 Sample containing about 4779 words FLLPS007 speech recorded in leisure context FLLPS008 FLF Mental health: television discussion. Sample containing about 4904 words FLFPS000 speech recorded in leisure context FLFPS001 FLM Scottish women: discussion about FLFPS002 FLFPS003 smoking. FLFPS004 FLMPS000 FLFPS005 FLMPS001 FLFPS006 FLMPS002 190 12. List of works excerpted

FLMPS003 Sample containing about 2087 words FLMPS004 speech recorded in public context FLMPS005 FLMPS006 FLX 11th year science lesson on chemistry FLMPS007 of metal processing. FLMPS008 PS1RR 43, ‘Tony’, teacher, male Sample containing about 4982 words Sample containing about 5132 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in educational context FLP Scottish women: discussion about wed- FLY 11th year science lesson on chemistry dings. of metal processing. FLPPS000 FLPPS001 PS1RS 43, ‘Tony’, teacher, male FLPPS002 Sample containing about 6132 words FLPPS003 FLPPS004 speech recorded in educational context FLPPS005 FM0 Defensive driving techniques: Lec- FLPPS006 ture/seminar. FLPPS007 FLPPS008 PS1RT 53, ‘Mike’, driving instructor, male PS1RU 62, ‘Stan’, driving instructor, male Sample containing about 4940 words Sample containing about 9342 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in business context FLR Scottish women: discussion about sex FM1 Defensive driving techniques: Lec- education. FLRPS000 ture/seminar. FLRPS001 PS1RV 62, ‘Stan’, driving instructor, male FLRPS002 FLRPS003 Sample containing about 7508 words FLRPS004 speech recorded in business context FLRPS005 FM2 Missprint planning meeting. FLRPS006 FLRPS007 PS1S1 25, ‘Wendy’, lexicographer, female FLRPS008 PS1S2 21, ‘Clare’, transcriber, female PS1S3 24, ‘Derek’, transcriber, male Sample containing about 5226 words PS1S4 24, ‘David’, transcriber, male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 14349 words FLS General Portfolio health and safety speech recorded in business context meeting. FM3 Body Shop presentation: aromather- PS1PT 38, ‘Roger’, first aid representative, male apy/Body Shop products. PS1PU 47, ‘Roger’, first aid representative, male PS1PV 36, ‘Peter’, first aid representative, male PS1S5 40+, ‘Yvonne’, masseur, female PS1PW 32, ‘Katie’, first aid representative, fe- PS1S6 50+, ‘Emmy’, manageress, female male PS1S7 26, ‘Wendy’, administrator, female PS1PX 24, ‘Dianne’, first aid representative, fe- PS1S8 40+, ‘Celia’, administration tutor, female male Sample containing about 3667 words PS1PY 28, ‘Suzanne’, first aid representative, fe- male speech recorded in educational context PS1R0 58, ‘Norman’, first aid representative, FM4 Tutorial lesson: GCSE maths tutoring male PS1R1 33, ‘Carmel’, first aid representative, fe- session. male PS1S9 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS1R2 26, ‘Steve’, first aid representative, male PS1SA 16, ‘Andrew’, student, male Sample containing about 10719 words Sample containing about 11124 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in educational context FLU Albert Gunter: sermon. FM5 Tutorial lesson: GCSE chemistry tu- PS1RD ‘Albert’, minister, male toring session. Sample containing about 4242 words PS1SB 50, ‘John’, tutor, male speech recorded in public context PS1SC 16, ‘Andrew’, student, male FLW Albert Gunter: sermon. Sample containing about 12889 words PS1RF ‘Albert’, minister, male speech recorded in educational context 12. List of works excerpted 191

FM7 Strangers - talk by PC Bruce: FMGPS000 Talk/presentation. Sample containing about 13669 words PS1SF ‘Pc Bruce’, police officer, male speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 11056 words FMH Tutorial lesson: junior-level spelling speech recorded in educational context and maths. FM8 Strangers - talk by PC Bruce: PS1SY 50+, ‘John’, tutor, male Talk/presentation. PS1T0 9, ‘Simon’, student, male FMHPS000 PS1SG ‘Pc Bruce’, police officer, male Sample containing about 1100 words Sample containing about 6278 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context FM9 Strangers - talk by PC Bruce: FMJ Tutorial lesson: junior-level spelling Talk/presentation. and maths. PS1SH ‘Pc Bruce’, police officer, male PS1T1 50+, ‘John’, tutor, male PS1T2 9, ‘Simon’, student, male Sample containing about 314 words Sample containing about 5903 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context FMA Strangers - talk by PC Bruce: FMK ‘How we can change the world by our Talk/presentation. witness’: confirmation preparation les- PS1SJ ‘Pc Bruce’, police officer, male son. Sample containing about 1539 words PS1T3 42, ‘Elizabeth’, teacher, female speech recorded in educational context PS1T4 13, ‘Peter’, student, male FMB Science lesson: year 10. Sample containing about 5747 words PS1SK 50, ‘John’, teacher, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 3288 words FML What archaeologists do: discussions. speech recorded in educational context PS1T5 20+, ‘Toby’, student, male FMC Music lesson: year 10. PS1T6 48, ‘Andrew’, archaeologist, male PS1SL 50, ‘John’, teacher, male PS1T7 24, ‘Derek’, transcriber, male FMCPS000 PS1T8 20+, student, male PS1T9 20+, student, female Sample containing about 3724 words PS1TA 40+, archaeologist, male speech recorded in educational context PS1TB 20+, ‘Emma’, archaeologist, female FMD York University Careers Service: ca- Sample containing about 7157 words reers interview. speech recorded in educational context PS1SP 50, ‘Martin’, careers advisor, male FMM Tutorial lesson: maths. PS1SR 20+, ‘Ian’, student, male PS1TM 50+, ‘Malcolm’, tutor, male Sample containing about 5553 words PS1TN 13+, student, female speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 5595 words FME Tutorial lesson: GCSE maths. speech recorded in educational context PS1SS 50+, ‘John’, tutor, male FMN Planning and development in York: PS1ST 16, ‘Ian’, student, male greenbelt planning - public enquiry. Sample containing about 10641 words PS1TP 55, ‘John’, department of the environ- speech recorded in educational context ment adjudicator, male FMF Tutorial lesson: junior-level spelling PS1TR 58, ‘Harry’, deputy chairman, male PS1TS 64, ‘George’, barrister, male and maths. PS1TT 46, barrister, male PS1SU 50+, ‘John’, tutor, male PS1TU 30, barrister, male PS1SV 9, ‘Simon’, student, male PS1TV 40, barrister, male Sample containing about 5936 words Sample containing about 11236 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in public context FMG Tutorial lesson: junior-level spelling FMP Planning and development in York: and maths. greenbelt planning - public enquiry. PS1SW 50+, ‘John’, tutor, male PS1TW 55, ‘John’, department of the environ- PS1SX 9, ‘Simon’, student, male ment adjudicator, male 192 12. List of works excerpted

PS1TX 58, ‘Harry’, deputy chairman, male containing about 42225 words from a PS1TY 64, ‘George’, barrister, male book (domain: applied science) PS1U0 46, barrister, male PS1U1 30, barrister, male FP0 The brooch of azure midnight. Gay, A, PS1U2 40, barrister, male Orbit, London (1993), 259-384. Sam- FMPPS000 ple containing about 42383 words from FMPPS001 FMPPS002 a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 15200 words FP1 The Maid of Buttermere. Bragg, speech recorded in public context Melvyn, Sceptre (Hodder), London FMR Tutorial lesson: GCSE chemistry. (1991), 75-192. Sample containing about 44683 words from a book (do- PS1UB 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS1UC 16, ‘Andrew’, student, male main: imaginative) Sample containing about 13083 words FP2 Corporate power and responsibility. speech recorded in educational context Parkinson, JE, Oxford University Press, FMS Legal advice: pre-retirement course. Oxford (1993), 3-136. Sample contain- ing about 44923 words from a book (do- PS1UD 50, solicitor, male main: social science) Sample containing about 11906 words FP3 Callanish. Horwood, W, Penguin speech recorded in public context Group, London (1985), 13-135. Sample FNR Algorithmic learning. Hutchinson, containing about 41087 words from a Alan, Oxford University Press, Oxford book (domain: imaginative) (1992), 2-5. Sample containing about FP4 The changing population of Britain. 42928 words from a book (domain: nat- Brass, WJoshi, H (ed.), Ermisch, J, ural sciences) Thane, P and Kiernan, K, Blackwell, FNS Alice in Wonderland: Oxford Book- Oxford (1990), 56-175. Sample con- worms edition. Oxford University taining about 42301 words from a book Press, Oxford (1993). Sample contain- (domain: social science) ing about 6918 words from a book (do- FP5 The coldest place on earth: Oxford main: imaginative) Bookworms edition. Vicary, Tim, Ox- FNT Memory and desire. Appignanesi, L, ford University Press, Oxford (1992), Fontana Press, London (1992), 295- 1-39. Sample containing about 5858 410. Sample containing about 44039 words from a book (domain: imagina- words from a book (domain: imagina- tive) tive) FP6 Complicity. Banks, Iain, Little, Brown FNU An awfully big adventure. Bainbridge, & Company, London (1993). Sample B, Duckworth & Company Ltd, Lon- containing about 40817 words from a don (1990), 49-192. Sample containing book (domain: imaginative) about 41136 words from a book (do- FP7 Conjure me. Curtis, J, Corgi Books, main: imaginative) London (1993), 203-331. Sample con- FNV Birdsong. Faulks, S, Hutchinson, Lon- taining about 41837 words from a book don (1993), 97-192. Sample containing (domain: imaginative) about 41034 words from a book (do- FP8 Cases & materials on constitutional main: imaginative) & administrative law. Thompson, B, FNW Black holes and Uncle Albert. Stan- Walsh, B and Allen, M, Blackstone nard, R, Faber. (1991), 3-145. Sample Press, London (1990), 1-70. Sample containing about 34061 words from a containing about 35516 words from a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: social science) FNX Richard Branson: the inside story. FP9 Consumption, identity and style. Tom- Brown, M, Headline Book Publishing linson, Alan (ed.)Ewen, S, Cubitt, S, plc, London (1989), 157-303. Sample 12. List of works excerpted 193

Tomlinson, A and Murdock, G, Rout- Sample containing about 41337 words ledge & Kegan Paul plc, London from a book (domain: imaginative) (1991), 121-239. Sample containing FPL The phantom of the opera: Oxford about 39700 words from a book (do- Bookworms edition. Bassett, J, Oxford main: social science) University Press, Oxford (1992), 1-40. FPA Creed. Herbert, J, New English Sample containing about 6738 words Library, Sevenoaks (1991), 129-262. from a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 40796 words FPM Flood water. Ling, P, Headline Book from a book (domain: imaginative) Publishing plc, London (1993), 3-108. FPB Crimson. Conran, S, Penguin Group, Sample containing about 39917 words London (1992), 289-426. Sample con- from a book (domain: imaginative) taining about 41894 words from a book FPN Tell them I’m on my way. Goodman, (domain: imaginative) A, Chapmans Publishers Ltd, London FPC Culture. Williams, R, Fontana Press, (1993), 183-264. Sample containing London (1981), 9-141. Sample con- about 39308 words from a book (do- taining about 37071 words from a book main: world affairs) (domain: social science) FPP Grace Darling: Oxford Bookworms FPD Daughters of the moon. Sallis, S, Corgi edition. Vicary, Tim, Oxford Univer- Books, London (1993), 230-368. Sam- sity Press, Oxford (1991), 1-40. Sam- ple containing about 33378 words from ple containing about 7102 words from a a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: imaginative) FPE Dead Man’s Island: Oxford Book- FPR Green and pleasant land. Newby, worms edition. Escott, John, Oxford H, Wildwood house, Middlesex (1985). University Press, Oxford (1992), 1-39. Sample containing about 41768 words Sample containing about 5695 words from a book (domain: social science) from a book (domain: imaginative) FPS Gridlock. Elton, B, Sphere Books Ltd, FPF The possession of Delia Sutherland. London (1992), 124-297. Sample con- Neil, B, Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd, taining about 39496 words from a book London (1993), 59-179. Sample con- (domain: imaginative) taining about 43530 words from a book FPT Anne of Green Gables: Oxford Book- (domain: imaginative) worms edition. Oxford University FPG Design of computer data files. Han- Press, Oxford. Sample containing about son, O, Pitman Publishing, London 6333 words from a book (domain: (1989), 144-287. Sample containing imaginative) about 38943 words from a book (do- FPU Great Expectations: Oxford Book- main: applied science) worms edition. West, Claire and Dick- FPH The diamond waterfall. Haines, P, ens, C, Oxford University Press, Ox- u.p. (1984), 9-123. Sample containing ford (1992), 1-86. Sample containing about 42326 words from a book (do- about 25558 words from a book (do- main: imaginative) main: imaginative) FPJ Disabling barriers: enabling environ- FPV Gulliver’s travels: Oxford Bookworms ment. Finkelstein, V, Oliver, M, Swain, edition. Oxford University Press, Ox- J and French, S, Sage Publications Ltd, ford. Sample containing about 15713 London (1993). Sample containing words from a book (domain: imagina- about 44352 words from a book (do- tive) main: social science) FPW A shorter history of Greek art. Robert- FPK Don’t cry alone. Cox, J, Headline son, M, Cambridge University Press, Book Publishing plc, London (1992). Cambridge (1992), 1-89. Sample con- 194 12. List of works excerpted

taining about 35368 words from a book FR8 Last man to die. Dobbs, M, Harper- (domain: arts) Collins, London (1991), 92-222. Sam- FPX War in high heels. Falconer, P, Nexus, ple containing about 42193 words from London (1993), 92-199. Sample con- a book (domain: imaginative) taining about 36931 words from a book FR9 Life at the tip. Grist, M, Virgin, Lon- (domain: imaginative) don (1993), 1-201. Sample containing FPY In tune with heaven. Hodder & about 36860 words from a book (do- Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent main: imaginative) (1992), 86-214. Sample containing FRA Learning the law. Williams, G, about 43020 words from a book (do- Stevens & son, London (1982), 97-218. main: belief and thought) Sample containing about 43610 words FR0 The highest science. Roberts, G, Vir- from a book (domain: social science) gin, London (1993), 81-201. Sample FRB The government and politics of Britain. containing about 41881 words from a Richards, P (ed.), Unwin Hyman Ltd, book (domain: imaginative) London (1988), 139-242. Sample con- FR1 House of cards. Dobbs, M, Harper- taining about 42951 words from a book Collins, London (1989), 197-344. Sam- (domain: world affairs) ple containing about 42338 words from FRC The toyshop. Carter, Angela, a book (domain: imaginative) Virago Press Ltd, London (1993), 28- FR2 An introduction to rural geography. 157. Sample containing about 43803 Gilg, A, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, words from a book (domain: imagina- London (1989), 67-137. Sample con- tive) taining about 22305 words from a book FRD Mary Queen of Scots: Oxford Book- (domain: world affairs) worms edition. Vicary, Tim, Oxford FR3 My idea of fun. Self, W, Bloomsbury University Press, Oxford (1992), 1-39. Publishing Ltd, London (1993). Sample Sample containing about 6953 words containing about 37674 words from a from a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: imaginative) FRE Far from the madding crowd: Ox- FR4 The impact of social policy. Wilding, P ford Bookworms edition. Hardy, T and and George, V,Routledge & Kegan Paul West, C, Oxford University Press, Ox- plc, London (1984), 66-172. Sample ford (1992), 1-86. Sample containing containing about 39742 words from a about 26293 words from a book (do- book (domain: social science) main: imaginative) FR5 Insiders: women’s experience of FRF Chung Kuo book one: the Middle prison. Virago Press Ltd, London Kingdom. Wingrove, David, Hod- (1988), 13-107. Sample containing der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent about 40005 words from a book (do- (1989), 251-342. Sample containing main: social science) about 43438 words from a book (do- FR6 Jane Eyre: Oxford Bookworms edi- main: imaginative) tion. Oxford University Press, Oxford FRG Observing and analysing natural lan- (1990), 1-101. Sample containing about guage. Milroy, L, Blackwell, Oxford 33390 words from a book (domain: (1987), 68-167. Sample containing imaginative) about 41752 words from a book (do- FR7 Evolution and present state of the main: social science) ocean bill of lading. Kozolchyk, Boris, FRH Nobody’s business. Gilliat, P, Vi- u.p.. Sample containing about 23324 rago Press Ltd, London (1990), 41-185. words from a book (domain: com- Sample containing about 43409 words merce) from a book (domain: imaginative) 12. List of works excerpted 195

FRJ A land not theirs. Marcus, David, Pool- edition. Defoe, D and Mowat, Di- beg, Dublin: Swords (1993), 7-112. ane, Oxford University Press, Oxford Sample containing about 36898 words (1993), 1-41. Sample containing about from a book (domain: imaginative) 7003 words from a book (domain: FRK Oliver Twist: Oxford Bookworms edi- imaginative) tion. Rogers, R and Dickens, C, Oxford FRY The railway children: Oxford Book- University Press, Oxford (1992), 1-102. worms edition. Nesbit, E and Escott, Sample containing about 28284 words John, Oxford University Press, Oxford from a book (domain: imaginative) (1993). Sample containing about 10122 FRL In other words: a coursebook on trans- words from a book (domain: imagina- lation. Baker, M, Routledge & Kegan tive) Paul plc, London (1992). Sample con- FS0 Some other rainbow. Morrell, J and taining about 42612 words from a book McCarthy, J, Transworld Publishers (domain: social science) Ltd, London (1993). Sample containing FRM Overtime. Holt, T, Orbit, London about 35807 words from a book (do- (1993), 33-164. Sample containing main: applied science) about 33479 words from a book (do- FS1 The spinning wheel. Lorrimer, C, Corgi main: imaginative) Books, London (1993), 289-409. Sam- FRN Oxford Review of Economic Policy. ple containing about 43094 words from Holtham, G, Joshi, V and Helm, D, Ox- a book (domain: imaginative) ford University Press, Oxford (1993), FS2 The secret garden: Oxford Bookworms 1-71. Sample containing about 43425 Edition. Burnett, F, West, C and Bur- words from a periodical (domain: com- nett, F, Oxford University Press, Ox- merce) ford (1993), 1-57. Sample containing FRP The oyster catchers. Gower, Iris, Ban- about 11584 words from a book (do- tam (Corgi), London (1992), 158-283. main: imaginative) Sample containing about 39981 words FS3 The life and times of William Shake- from a book (domain: imaginative) speare: Oxford Bookworms edition. FRR The pearly queen. Staples, Mary Jane, Bassett, J, Oxford University Press, Ox- Corgi Books, London (1992), 7-146. ford (1993), 1-48. Sample containing Sample containing about 40077 words about 9599 words from a book (domain: from a book (domain: imaginative) imaginative) FRS Platinum . Pemberton, L, Harper- FS4 Shrine. Herbert, J, New English Collins, London (1993), 150-291. Sam- Library, Sevenoaks (1992), 243-366. ple containing about 43532 words from Sample containing about 38553 words a book (domain: imaginative) from a book (domain: imaginative) FRT The politics of the judiciary. Griffith, J FS5 Sky ray lolly. Pitt-Kethley, Fiona, A G, Fontana Press, London (1991), 15- Sphere Books Ltd, London (1992), 9- 144. Sample containing about 42312 64. Sample containing about 10419 words from a book (domain: social sci- words from a book (domain: imagina- ence) tive) FRU Prisoner of Zenda: Oxford Book- FS6 Introduction to social administration in worms edition. Hope, A and Mowat, Britain. Payne, S and Brown, M, Un- D, Oxford University Press, Oxford win Hyman Ltd, London (1990), 195- (1993). Sample containing about 11386 319. Sample containing about 42159 words from a book (domain: imagina- words from a book (domain: social sci- tive) ence) FRX Robinson Crusoe: Oxford Bookworms FS7 Understanding social policy. Hill, M, 196 12. List of works excerpted

Blackwell, Oxford (1992). Sample con- 16175 words from a book (domain: taining about 41933 words from a book imaginative) (domain: social science) FSK Tooth and claw: Oxford Bookworms FS8 Sons of the morning. Curtis, J, Corgi edition. "Saki" and Border, Rose- Books, London (1992), 115-265. Sam- mary, Oxford University Press, Ox- ple containing about 44097 words from ford (1991), 1-54. Sample containing a book (domain: imaginative) about 8901 words from a book (domain: FS9 Spinning jenny. Hamilton, R, Corgi imaginative) Books, London (1993), 121-233. Sam- FSL Under the moon: Oxford Bookworms ple containing about 40741 words from edition. Akinyemi, Rowena, (1992)Ox- a book (domain: imaginative) ford University Press, Oxford, 2-39. FSA Stock index futures. Sutcliffe, C, Chap- Sample containing about 5315 words man & Hall, London (1993), 91-200. from a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 38845 words FSM Wall games. Dobbs, M, Harper- from a book (domain: commerce) Collins, London (1990), 91-200. Sam- FSB The star zoo. Gilbert, H, Oxford ple containing about 42952 words from University Press, Oxford (1992), 1-55. a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 9424 words FSN Wedding speeches and toasts. Lans- from a book (domain: imaginative) bury, A, Ward lock (Cassell), London FSC Never such innocence. Wright, (1992), 8-95. Sample containing about Daphne, Michael Joseph Ltd, London 19541 words from a book (domain: (1991), 225-336. Sample containing arts) about 33535 words from a book (do- FSP What’s it like out?. Gilliat, P, Virago main: imaginative) Press Ltd, London (1989), 7-130. Sam- FSD The suitcase kid. Wilson, J, Doubleday, ple containing about 36949 words from London (1993), 7-155. Sample con- a book (domain: imaginative) taining about 25869 words from a book FSR White darkness. McIntee, David, Vir- (domain: imaginative) gin, London (1993), 115-241. Sample FSE The earth is the Lord’s. James, W, containing about 42192 words from a Orbit (Sphere), London (1992), 57-206. book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 43645 words FSS Tort. Rogers, W V H, Sweet & from a book (domain: imaginative) Maxwell Ltd, London (1991), 421-535. FSF The relic. Anthony, E, Arrow (Hutchin- Sample containing about 43570 words son), London (1992), 72-180. Sample from a book (domain: social science) containing about 35495 words from a FST Women and poverty in Britain. book (domain: imaginative) Glendinning, C and Millar, J, Harvester FSG The claw. Campbell, Ramsey, Warner & Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead Books, London (1992), 187-300. Sam- (1992), 127-224. Sample containing ple containing about 39696 words from about 43479 words from a book (do- a book (domain: imaginative) main: social science) FSH The fog. Herbert, J, New English FSU A short history of the Yugoslav peo- Library, Sevenoaks (1993), 115-229. ples. Singleton, F, Cambridge Uni- Sample containing about 36981 words versity Press, Cambridge (1993), 1-91. from a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 39902 words FSJ Treasure Island: Oxford Bookworms from a book (domain: world affairs) edition. Escott, John and Stevenson, FSV The Bookseller. J Whitaker & sons, R L, Oxford University Press, Oxford London (1993-19-19). Sample contain- (1993), 1-73. Sample containing about ing about 29021 words from a periodi- 12. List of works excerpted 197

cal (domain: arts) Sample containing about 15672 words FSW The Bookseller. J Whitaker & sons, from a periodical (domain: leisure) London (1993-19-19). Sample contain- FT8 What personal computer: the ultimate ing about 22809 words from a periodi- guide to choosing and using. EMAP cal (domain: arts) Business & Computing, London (1993- FSY British Medical Journal. British Med- 19-19). Sample containing about 54962 ical Association, London (1975-19-19), words from a periodical (domain: ap- 8-453. Sample containing about 40399 plied science) words from a periodical (domain: natu- FT9 Wisden Cricket Monthly. Wisden ral sciences) Cricket Magazines, Surrey (1992-19- FT0 British Medical Journal. British Med- 19). Sample containing about 35323 ical Association, London (1976-19-19), words from a periodical (domain: 9-513. Sample containing about 37346 leisure) words from a periodical (domain: natu- FTA Shield: the international magazine of ral sciences) the BP group. BP (1993). Sample FT1 British Medical Journal. British Med- containing about 11719 words from a ical Association, London (1977-19-19), periodical (domain: commerce) 3-574. Sample containing about 46226 FTB Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- words from a periodical (domain: natu- versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample ral sciences) containing about 36910 words from a FT2 British Medical Journal. British Med- periodical (domain: natural sciences) ical Association, London (1978-19-19), FTC Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- 5-646. Sample containing about 42225 versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample words from a periodical (domain: natu- containing about 29578 words from a ral sciences) periodical (domain: natural sciences) FT3 British Medical Journal. British Med- FTD Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- ical Association, London (1979-19-19), versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample 3-714. Sample containing about 42346 containing about 14080 words from a words from a periodical (domain: natu- periodical (domain: natural sciences) ral sciences) FTE Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- FT4 British Medical Journal. British Med- versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample ical Association, London (1980-19-19), containing about 38427 words from a 8-789. Sample containing about 43001 periodical (domain: natural sciences) words from a periodical (domain: natu- FTT An Islay notebook. Booth, C Gordon ral sciences) (ed.), Islay museums trust, Port Char- FT5 British Medical Journal. British Med- lotte (1984), 7-101. Sample containing ical Association, London (1981-19-19), about 49229 words from a book (do- 1-852. Sample containing about 39785 main: world affairs) words from a periodical (domain: natu- FTU Off the beaten track: Switzerland. ral sciences) Loveland, Kenneth, Moorland Publish- FT6 Community Care incorporating Social ing Company, UK (1989), 9-140. Sam- Work Today. Philpot, T (ed.)King, J ple containing about 31599 words from and Bowry, K, Reed Publishing Group, a book (domain: leisure) Sutton, Surrey (1993-04-22). Sample FTV The concept of reality. Pivcevic, Edo, containing about 18810 words from a Gerald Duckworth & Company Ltd, periodical (domain: social science) London (1986), 1-100. Sample con- FT7 Photography. Argus Specialist Publi- taining about 39533 words from a book cations, Hemel Hempstead (1992-02). (domain: belief and thought) 198 12. List of works excerpted

FTW Paul Nizan communist novelist. FU7 Revolt in Roundhay [excerpt from Scriven, Michael, Macmillan Press Truth, Dare or Promise]. Row- Ltd, London (1988), 1-120. Sample botham, Sheila, Virago Press Ltd, Lon- containing about 44337 words from a don (1985). Sample containing about book (domain: arts) 8332 words from a book (domain: so- FTX The deaf advance. Grant, Brian, The cial science) Pentland Press Ltd, Durham (1990), 1- FU8 Saigon. Grey, Anthony, Pan Books Ltd, 124. Sample containing about 32722 London (1983), 9-128. Sample con- words from a book (domain: world af- taining about 53157 words from a book fairs) (domain: imaginative) FTY Dementia: sharpening local plans: FU9 Chaos. Muhamad, M A and Holden, priorities for the 90’s. Killeen, Jan M V, Manchester University Press, (ed.), Scottish Action on Dementia, UK Manchester (1987), 15-33. Sample con- (1990), 1-94. Sample containing about taining about 3197 words from a book 34686 words from a book (domain: so- (domain: natural sciences) cial science) FUA Teaching English with video. Allan, FU0 Dog-whelks: an introduction to the bi- Margaret, Longman Group UK Ltd, ology of nucella. Crothers, J H, Field Harlow (1985), 3-105. Sample contain- Studies Council, UK (1985). Sample ing about 34467 words from a book (do- containing about 16844 words from a main: social science) book (domain: natural sciences) FUB The kingdom under the sea and other FU1 Falling for love. Sharpe, Sue, Virago stories. Aiken, Joan, Penguin Books, Press Ltd, London (1987), 1-123. Sam- London (1989), 9-87. Sample contain- ple containing about 42461 words from ing about 17533 words from a book (do- a book (domain: social science) main: imaginative) FU2 Master of the moor. Rendell, Ruth, Ar- FUE Introduction to retirement: pre- row Books Ltd, London (1988), 7-75. retirement course. Sample containing about 23609 words PS1SM 75+, course director, male from a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 4506 words FU3 The modern history manual. Cloake, speech recorded in public context J A, Framework Press Ltd, UK (1987), FUF Introduction to retirement: pre- 1-122. Sample containing about 41796 retirement course. words from a book (domain: social sci- PS1SN 75+, course director, male ence) FU4 Pamela. Morgan, Fidelis and Havergal, Sample containing about 7402 words Giles, Amber Lane Press, UK (1987), speech recorded in public context 5-77. Sample containing about 22686 FUG Management training course. words from a book (domain: imagina- PS1U3 50+, ‘Gordon’, training manager, male PS1U4 ‘Brain’, male tive) PS1U5 ‘Mike’, male FU5 Cometary phases. Evans, Christine, PS1U6 , female Seren Books, UK (1989), 7-106. Sam- PS1U7 ‘Philip’, male PS1U8 ‘Anthony’, male ple containing about 11053 words from PS1U9 ‘Thomas’, male a book (domain: imaginative) PS1UA ‘Jane’, female FU6 Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are FUGPS000 dead. Stoppard, Tom, Faber & Faber Sample containing about 11093 words Ltd, London (1986), 9-93. Sample con- speech recorded in business context taining about 23941 words from a book FUH Tutorial lesson: junior-level maths. (domain: imaginative) PS1UE 50+, ‘John’, tutor, male PS1UF 9, ‘Kerry’, student, female 12. List of works excerpted 199

Sample containing about 11759 words Sample containing about 1459 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in business context FUJ British Rail team brief meeting. FUS Results of prostatectomy survey: semi- PS1UG 55, ‘Dennis’, british rail employee, male nar presentation. PS1UH 45, ‘Terry’, british rail employee, male PS1VE 50, doctor, male PS1UJ 50, ‘Roger’, british rail employee, male PS1UK 48, ‘Trevor’, british rail employee, male Sample containing about 1340 words PS1UL 52, ‘Jim’, british rail employee, male speech recorded in business context PS1UM 54, ‘Hugh’, british rail employee, male PS1UN 50, ‘Dave’, british rail employee, male FUT Presentation on consumer rights. PS1UP 55, ‘Norman’, british rail employee, male PS1VF 60, retired trading standards officer, male PS1UR 55, ‘Nola’, british rail employee, female Sample containing about 8557 words Sample containing about 17918 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context FUU Talk on fire prevention. FUK British Rail team brief meeting. PS1VG 55, ‘Jack’, retired fire prevention officer, PS1US 45, ‘Terry’, british rail employee, male male PS1UT 50, ‘Roger’, british rail employee, male FUUPS000 PS1UU 48, ‘Trevor’, british rail employee, male PS1UV 52, ‘Jim’, british rail employee, male Sample containing about 8040 words PS1UW 54, ‘Hugh’, british rail employee, male speech recorded in public context PS1UX 50, ‘Dave’, british rail employee, male FX5 Radio Forth: radio broadcast. PS1UY 55, ‘Norman’, british rail employee, male PS1V0 55, ‘Nola’, british rail employee, female PS223 ‘David’, disc jockey, Other participants are radio listening phone ins., male Sample containing about 19174 words FX5PS000 speech recorded in business context FX5PS001 FX5PS002 FUL British Rail team brief meeting. FX5PS003 PS1V2 55, ‘Dennis’, british rail employee, male FX5PS004 PS1V3 45, ‘Terry’, british rail employee, male FX5PS005 PS1V4 50, ‘Roger’, british rail employee, male FX5PS006 PS1V5 48, ‘Trevor’, british rail employee, male FX5PS007 PS1V6 52, ‘Jim’, british rail employee, male PS1V7 54, ‘Hugh’, british rail employee, male Sample containing about 9671 words PS1V8 50, ‘Dave’, british rail employee, male speech recorded in leisure context PS1V9 55, ‘Norman’, british rail employee, male FX6 Old Harlow W. Sample containing about 15838 words PS224 ‘Margaret’, secretary, female speech recorded in business context PS225 ‘Vera’, female PS226 ‘Gloria’, Is the speaker., female FUM Bladder cancer check-up timing: sem- PS227 ‘Mildred’, female inar presentation. I. Meeting. Sample containing about PS1VA 45, doctor, male 6777 words speech recorded in leisure Sample containing about 1393 words context speech recorded in business context FX7 General practitioner’s surgery: medi- FUN Clinical evaluation of urology pa- cal consultation. tients: seminar presentation. PS22S ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are PS1VB 50, doctor, male doctors patients, AB, male FX7PS000 Sample containing about 2196 words FX7PS001 speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 280 words FUP Angiogenesis as an indicator in blad- speech recorded in public context der cancer: seminar presentation. FX8 General practitioner’s surgery: medi- PS1VC 55, doctor, male cal consultation. Sample containing about 2577 words PS22T ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are speech recorded in business context doctors patients, AB, male FUR Response to treatment in bladder can- FX8PS000 cers: seminar presentation. Sample containing about 121 words PS1VD 65, doctor, male speech recorded in public context 200 12. List of works excerpted

FX9 General practitioner’s surgery: medi- PS232 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are cal consultation. doctors patients, AB, male FXHPS000 PS22U ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are FXHPS001 doctors patients, AB, male FX9PS000 Sample containing about 1264 words FX9PS001 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 326 words FXJ General practitioner’s surgery: medi- speech recorded in public context cal consultation. FXB General practitioner’s surgery: medi- PS233 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are cal consultation. doctors patients, AB, male FXJPS000 PS22V ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are doctors patients, AB, male Sample containing about 979 words FXBPS000 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 316 words FXK General practitioner’s surgery: medi- speech recorded in public context cal consultation. FXC General practitioner’s surgery: medi- PS234 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are doctors patients, AB, male cal consultation. FXKPS000 PS22W ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are doctors patients, AB, male Sample containing about 106 words FXCPS000 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 609 words FXL General practitioner’s surgery: medi- speech recorded in public context cal consultation. FXD General practitioner’s surgery: medi- PS235 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are doctors patients, AB, male cal consultation. FXLPS000 PS22X ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are FXLPS001 doctors patients, AB, male FXDPS000 Sample containing about 356 words speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 750 words FXM General practitioner’s surgery: medi- speech recorded in public context cal consultation. FXE General practitioner’s surgery: medi- PS236 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are cal consultation. doctors patients, AB, male PS22Y ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are FXMPS000 doctors patients, AB, male FXMPS001 FXEPS000 FXMPS002 Sample containing about 109 words Sample containing about 558 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context FXF General practitioner’s surgery: medi- FXN General practitioner’s surgery: medi- cal consultation. cal consultation. PS230 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are PS237 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are doctors patients, AB, male doctors patients, AB, male FXFPS000 FXNPS000 Sample containing about 192 words Sample containing about 726 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context FXG General practitioner’s surgery: medi- FXP Oral history project: interview. cal consultation. PS238 80+, ‘John’, crofter, male PS239 , male PS231 ‘Doctor’, doctor, other participants are doctors patients, AB, male Sample containing about 1713 words FXGPS000 speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 199 words FXR Orchestral society committee meeting. speech recorded in public context PS23A 23, ‘Greg’, doctor, male PS23B 49, ‘John’, civil servant, male FXH General practitioner’s surgery: medi- PS23C 47, ‘Pauline’, teacher, female cal consultation. PS23D 50, ‘John’, retired teacher, male 12. List of works excerpted 201

PS23E 44, ‘Julia’, translator, female FY0PS000 PS23F 46, ‘Liz’, teacher, female PS23G 58, ‘Malcolm’, retired school master, Sample containing about 3728 words male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 11035 words FY1 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- speech recorded in leisure context terview. FXT Radio Trent: radio talk show. PS25D 30, interviewer, female PS25E 80, retired miner, male PS23H weather forecaster, male PS23J ‘Rob’, disc jockey, male Sample containing about 11004 words PS23K ‘Lisa’, care line worker, female speech recorded in leisure context PS23L ‘Phil’, newsreader, male PS23M ‘Perry’, australian diplomat, male FY2 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- PS23N ‘Rob’, reporter, male terview. PS23P ‘Mick’, council executive, male PS25F PS23R ‘Jenny’, disc jockey, female FY2PS000 PS23S ‘Ken’, reporter, male Sample containing about 3864 words Sample containing about 16234 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context FY3 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- FXU Nottingham Oral History Project: in- terview. terview. PS25G PS256 , male FY3PS000 PS257 79, retired engineering toolmaker, male Sample containing about 3140 words Sample containing about 6185 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context FY4 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- FXV Nottingham Oral History Project: in- terview. terview. PS25H PS258 , male FY4PS000 PS259 79, retired miner, valet, chauffer, male Sample containing about 7036 words Sample containing about 5752 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context FY5 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- FXW Nottingham Oral History Project: in- terview. terview. PS25J FXWPS000 FY5PS000 FXWPS001 Sample containing about 17697 words Sample containing about 3045 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context FY6 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- FXX Nottingham Oral History Project: in- terview. terview. PS25K PS25A FY6PS000 FXXPS000 FXXPS001 Sample containing about 8039 words FXXPS002 speech recorded in leisure context FXXPS003 FY7 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- Sample containing about 9349 words terview. speech recorded in leisure context PS25L FXY Nottingham Oral History Project: in- FY7PS000 terview. Sample containing about 7564 words PS25B speech recorded in leisure context FXYPS000 FY8 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- Sample containing about 7433 words terview. speech recorded in leisure context PS25M nun, social worker FY0 Nottingham Oral History Project: in- PS25N interviewer terview. Sample containing about 12703 words PS25C speech recorded in leisure context 202 12. List of works excerpted

FY9 Tutorial: GCSE mathematics lesson. Sample containing about 14311 words PS25P 50, ‘John’, teacher, male speech recorded in leisure context PS25R 16, ‘Ian’, student, male FYJ Nottinghamshire Oral History Project: Sample containing about 5775 words talk. speech recorded in educational context PS268 20, interviewer, male FYA Tutorial. PS269 70, retired, Ex. Political Activist, male PS25S 50, ‘John’, teacher, male Sample containing about 11508 words PS25T ‘Chris’, student, male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 12019 words FYK Nottinghamshire Oral History speech recorded in educational context Project: interview. FYB Methodist church meeting: oral his- PS26A interviewer tory project interview. PS26B police sergeant, male PS26C police constable, male PS25U FYBPS000 Sample containing about 5033 words FYBPS001 speech recorded in leisure context FYBPS002 FYBPS003 FYL Nottinghamshire Oral History Project: FYBPS004 interview. FYBPS005 PS26D interviewer FYBPS006 PS26E building society manager FYBPS007 Sample containing about 8978 words Sample containing about 2984 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in leisure context FYD Nottinghamshire Oral History Project: FYM Nottinghamshire Oral History interview. Project: interview. PS26F interviewer PS25W 80, ‘Ada’, retired box maker, female PS26G pet shop owner PS25X 30, interviewer, female Sample containing about 7419 words Sample containing about 5738 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context FYE Nottinghamshire Oral History Project: FYP Mothers’ Union general discussion. interview. PS1NT 60+, ‘’chair”, female PS1NU 70+, ‘Jean’, female PS25Y 80, ‘Ada’, retired box maker, female PS1NV 30+, ‘Kate’, doctor, female PS260 30, interviewer, female FYPPS000 Sample containing about 5824 words Sample containing about 7434 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context FYF Nottinghamshire Oral History Project: FYS Financial management for contractors. business meeting. Upson, Alan, BSP Professional Books, PS261 interviewer UK (1987), 108-214. Sample contain- PS262 security guard, male ing about 36799 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 7353 words main: commerce) speech recorded in leisure context FYT After Gorbachev. White, S, Cambridge FYG Nottinghamshire Oral History University Press, Cambridge (1992), Project: business meeting. 143-239. Sample containing about PS263 interviewer 41657 words from a book (domain: PS264 security guard, male world affairs) Sample containing about 7174 words FYV Time’s arrow. Amis, Martin, Jonathan speech recorded in leisure context Cape, London (1991), 9-165. Sample FYH Nottinghamshire Oral History containing about 45646 words from a Project: talk. book (domain: imaginative) PS265 84, ‘Jack’, retired, male PS266 , male FYW After the asylums. Murphy, E, Faber PS267 80, ‘Anne’, retired, female & Faber Ltd, London (1991), 111-217. 12. List of works excerpted 203

Sample containing about 37285 words (domain: imaginative) from a book (domain: social science) G08 Contemporary Britain: a geographi- FYX Black holes and baby universes. cal perspective. Champion, A G and Hawking, Stephen W, Bantam (Corgi), Townsend, A R, Routledge & Kegan London (1993), 1-139. Sample con- Paul plc, London (1990), 1-110. Sam- taining about 39109 words from a book ple containing about 37036 words from (domain: applied science) a book (domain: world affairs) FYY The boat house. Gallagher, Stephen, G09 The crooked scythe. Evans, George E, New English Library, Sevenoaks Faber & Faber Ltd, London (1993), 35- (1992), 43-185. Sample containing 189. Sample containing about 43074 about 41451 words from a book (do- words from a book (domain: social sci- main: imaginative) ence) G00 [Miscellaneous articles about desk-top G0A The Crow Road. Banks, Iain, Abacus, publishing]. Budget, Henry and et al, London (1993), 157-296. Sample con- u.p.. Sample containing about 94394 taining about 43152 words from a book words of miscellanea (domain: com- (domain: imaginative) merce) G0B Crystal rooms. Bragg, Melvyn, Scep- G01 Captives. Hutson, Shaun, Warner tre (Hodder), London (1993). Sample Books, London (1992), 163-322. Sam- containing about 42787 words from a ple containing about 42995 words from book (domain: imaginative) a book (domain: imaginative) G0C A cure for unemployment. Kinnaird, G02 Cathedral. Maitland, I, Headline Book Hugh, Graham-Cameron Publishing, Publishing plc, London (1993), 199- Cambridge (1985), 1-40. Sample con- 341. Sample containing about 41687 taining about 12618 words of miscel- words from a book (domain: imagina- lanea (domain: commerce) tive) G0D Dangerous sexualities. Mort, F, Rout- G03 Chimera. Gallagher, Stephen, New En- ledge & Kegan Paul plc, London glish Library, Sevenoaks (1991), 133- (1987). Sample containing about 40844 250. Sample containing about 39941 words from a book (domain: social sci- words from a book (domain: imagina- ence) tive) G0E Darkfall. Laws, Stephen, New En- G04 Chung Kuo book 2: The broken wheel. glish Library, Sevenoaks (1993), 127- Wingrove, David, NEL, Kent (1990). 275. Sample containing about 44136 Sample containing about 43812 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: imaginative) tive) G05 Cities and plans. Cherry, Gordon G0F Sweet dreams. Frayn, Michael, Pen- E, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd, guin Group, London (1976), 5-136. Sevenoaks, Kent (1988), 78-179. Sam- Sample containing about 45447 words ple containing about 44749 words from from a book (domain: imaginative) a book (domain: social science) G0G The earliest English kings. Kirby, D G06 The clothes in the wardrobe. Ellis, Al- P, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, Lon- ice T, Penguin Group, London (1989), don (1992), 77-179. Sample containing 5-126. Sample containing about 39979 about 46081 words from a book (do- words from a book (domain: imagina- main: world affairs) tive) G0H The Fontana history of the environ- G07 The collector. Fowles, John, Picador, mental sciences. Bowler, P, Fontana London (1989), 115-260. Sample con- Press, London (1992), 248-378. Sam- taining about 41714 words from a book ple containing about 42236 words from 204 12. List of works excerpted

a book (domain: world affairs) main: imaginative) G0J Fallen skies. Gregory, P, Harper- G0W [National Congress on Languages in Collins, London (1993), 167-277. Sam- Education: miscellaneous documents]. ple containing about 42858 words from Brumfit, C (ed.), National Congress a book (domain: imaginative) on Languages in Education, Brighton G0K Fire prevention in high bay ware- (1988/1989). Sample containing about houses. National Materials Handling 68079 words of miscellanea (domain: Centre, Cranfield (1980), 1-82. Sample social science) containing about 16066 words of mis- G0X Unexplained laughter. Ellis, Alice T, cellanea (domain: world affairs) Gerald Duckworth & Company Ltd, G0L The Lucy ghosts. Shah, Eddy, Corgi London (1985), 7-143. Sample con- Books, London (1993), 321-452. Sam- taining about 46159 words from a book ple containing about 43292 words from (domain: imaginative) a book (domain: imaginative) G0Y Passing on. Lively, P, Penguin Group, G0M The holy thief. Peters, Ellis, Headline London (1990), 58-178. Sample con- Book Publishing plc, London (1993). taining about 43952 words from a book Sample containing about 41583 words (domain: imaginative) from a book (domain: imaginative) G10 The lost prince. Wood, B, Headline G0N Hand in glove. Goddard, Robert, Corgi Book Publishing plc, London (1992). Books, London (1993), 267-404. Sam- Sample containing about 36323 words ple containing about 41378 words from from a book (domain: imaginative) a book (domain: imaginative) G11 Making cocoa for Kingsley Amis. G0P Heathen. Hutson, S, Warner Books, Cope, Wendy, Faber & Faber Ltd, Lon- London (1993), 132-321. Sample con- don (1986), 13-69. Sample containing taining about 43262 words from a book about 6234 words from a book (domain: (domain: imaginative) imaginative) G0R The idea of higher education. Bar- G12 Towards the end of the morning. nett, R, Open University Press, Mil- Frayn, Michael, Penguin Group, Lon- ton Keynes (1990). Sample containing don (1969), 62-193. Sample containing about 39867 words from a book (do- about 40845 words from a book (do- main: social science) main: imaginative) G0S Indigo. Warner, Marina, Chatto & G13 The magus. Fowles, J, Pan Books Ltd, Windus Ltd, London (1992), 143-268. London (1988), 72-175. Sample con- Sample containing about 43127 words taining about 41636 words from a book from a book (domain: imaginative) (domain: imaginative) G0T Ceremony of innocence. Carmichael, G14 Making of memory from molecules to K, Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Bas- mind. Rose, Steven, Bantam Press, ingstoke (1991). Sample containing London (1992), 159-273. Sample con- about 38643 words from a book (do- taining about 39963 words from a book main: social science) (domain: applied science) G0U Organisational analysis. BPP Man- G15 A midsummer killing. Barnes, Trevor, agement Education Ltd, London (1990- New English Library, Sevenoaks 10). Sample containing about 49079 (1991). Sample containing about 43003 words from a periodical (domain: com- words from a book (domain: imagina- merce) tive) G0V Lace. Conran, S, Penguin Group, Lon- G16 A nest of singing birds. Murphy, E, don (1983), 369-481. Sample contain- Headline Book Publishing plc, London ing about 41137 words from a book (do- (1993), 235-366. Sample containing 12. List of works excerpted 205

about 43042 words from a book (do- G1J Public order and private lives. Brake, main: imaginative) M and Hale, C, Routledge & Kegan G17 The other side of heaven. James, W, Paul plc, London (1992), 94-173. Sam- Orbit, London (1993). Sample contain- ple containing about 35688 words from ing about 42456 words from a book (do- a book (domain: social science) main: imaginative) G1K Red bride. Fowler, C, Warner Books, G19 Public administration in Britain today. London (1993), 183-340. Sample con- Greenwood, J and Wilson, D, Unwin taining about 41226 words from a book Hyman Ltd, London (1989), 121-221. (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 40611 words G1L Rebel angel. Wood, B, Headline Book from a book (domain: world affairs) Publishing plc, London (1993), 162- G1A Flaubert’s parrot. Barnes, J, Picador, 252. Sample containing about 45899 London (1985), 49-159. Sample con- words from a book (domain: imagina- taining about 40562 words from a book tive) (domain: imaginative) G1M Lucifer rising. Mortimore, J and G1B A very particular murder. Haymon, S Lane, A, Doctor who books, London T, Arrow Books Ltd, London (1991), (1993), 111-248. Sample containing 105-238. Sample containing about about 41423 words from a book (do- 42013 words from a book (domain: main: imaginative) imaginative) G1N Christine Brooke-Rose and contempo- G1C Paying for welfare: The 1990s. Glen- rary fiction. Birch, S, Oxford Univer- nerster, H, Harvester & Wheatsheaf, sity Press, Oxford (1994). Sample con- Hemel Hempstead (1992). Sample con- taining about 50091 words from a book taining about 40756 words from a book (domain: arts) (domain: social science) G1R Soviet relations with Latin America. G1D Pillars of gold. Ellis, Alice T, Penguin Miller, N, Cambridge University Press, Group, London (1993), 1-140. Sample Cambridge (1989), 5-108. Sample con- containing about 44403 words from a taining about 36264 words from a book book (domain: imaginative) (domain: world affairs) G1E Polar ecology. Stonehouse, B, Chap- G1S Strawberries and wine. Nash, E, man & Hall, USA (1989), 62-197. New Author Publications, Cheltenham Sample containing about 40402 words (1993), 181-280. Sample containing from a book (domain: natural sciences) about 39838 words from a book (do- G1F Policy and practice in primary educa- main: imaginative) tion. Alexander, R, Routledge & Kegan G1T Stark. Elton, B, Penguin Group, Lon- Paul plc, London (1992). Sample con- don (1992), 77-204. Sample containing taining about 41731 words from a book about 41700 words from a book (do- (domain: social science) main: imaginative) G1G Power in capitalist society. Furlong, G1U Sunday morning. Connolly, R, Corgi P, Cox, A and Page, E, Wheatsheaf, Books, London (1993), 97-240. Sample London (1986), 45-191. Sample con- containing about 40338 words from a taining about 45474 words from a book book (domain: imaginative) (domain: world affairs) G1V The man with night sweats. Gunn, G1H Contemporary issues in public dis- T, Faber & Faber Ltd, London (1992), order. Waddington, D, Routledge & 1-75. Sample containing about 7604 Kegan Paul plc, London (1992). Sam- words from a book (domain: imagina- ple containing about 40663 words from tive) a book (domain: social science) G1W Taped. Barnes, Trevor, Coronet 206 12. List of works excerpted

Books, London (1993), 66-187. Sample 03). Sample containing about 25683 containing about 41736 words from a words from a periodical (domain: com- book (domain: imaginative) merce) G1Y A walk to the Western Isles. Delaney, F, G2A [Collection of estate agents’ property HarperCollins, London (1993). Sample details]. u.p.. Sample containing about containing about 45510 words from a 12765 words of miscellanea (domain: book (domain: belief and thought) commerce) G20 Reconstructing the welfare state. John- G2B Falcon Sailing. Falcon Sailing (1990). son, N, Harvester & Wheatsheaf, Sample containing about 32179 words Hemel Hempstead (1990). Sample con- of miscellanea (domain: leisure) taining about 42766 words from a book G2C Golf Monthly. Specialist & Leisure (domain: social science) Magazines Group, London (1991-02). G21 The Artist’s and Illustrator’s Magazine. Sample containing about 29235 words Artist’s & Illustrator’s Mag, London from a periodical (domain: leisure) (1991-10). Sample containing about G2D BBC Good Food. Redwood Publishing 21922 words from a periodical (do- Company., London (1991-19-19). Sam- main: arts) ple containing about 32309 words from G22 Brownie. Girl Guides Association, a periodical (domain: leisure) London (1991-12/1992-03). Sample G2E Harpers & Queen. The National Mag- containing about 8990 words from a pe- azine Company Ltd, London (1990-04). riodical (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 61542 words G23 Brownie. Girl Guides Association, from a periodical (domain: leisure) London (1991-12/1992-03). Sample G2F Ideal Home. South Bank Publishing containing about 9796 words from a pe- group, London (1991-19-19). Sample riodical (domain: leisure) containing about 48916 words from a G24 Brownie. Girl Guides Association, periodical (domain: leisure) London (1991-12/1992-03). Sample G2G [JFIT newsletters]. Institutute of Elec- containing about 10340 words from a trical Engineers (1990/1991). Sample periodical (domain: leisure) containing about 16163 words of mis- G25 Brownie. Girl Guides Association, cellanea (domain: applied science) London (1991-12/1992-03). Sample G2J Marxism Today. u.p.. Sample contain- containing about 10561 words from a ing about 39021 words from a periodi- periodical (domain: leisure) cal (domain: world affairs) G26 Canada: Ontario the Unexpected. Na- G2K Which Mortgage. The Brass Tacks tional Holidays, Wigan (1990). Sample Pub Company Ltd, London (1991-10). containing about 2029 words of miscel- Sample containing about 19315 words lanea (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: commerce) G27 Canoeist. S T & R J Fisher, Appleford, G2L The National Trust Magazine. The Oxon (1991-10). Sample containing National Trust, London (1991-19-19). about 25369 words from a periodical Sample containing about 21021 words (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: arts) G28 Credit Management. Institute of Credit G2M The National Waterways Museum. Management, Stamford, Lincs (1992- National Waterways Museum, Glouces- 19-19). Sample containing about 27711 ter (1990). Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: com- 6582 words of miscellanea (domain: merce) leisure) G29 Credit Management. Institute of Credit G2N [Birmingham City Council: official Management, Stamford, Lincs (1992- leaflets]. u.p.. Sample containing about 12. List of works excerpted 207

23151 words of miscellanea (domain: G34 Women’s Art. Townsend, S, Women commerce) artists slide library, London (1993-19- G2P [Official leaflets]. u.p.. Sample con- 19). Sample containing about 21252 taining about 11841 words of miscel- words from a periodical (domain: arts) lanea (domain: commerce) G35 Woman. IPC Magazines Ltd, Lon- G2R [Vale of White Horse District Council: don (1991-19-19). Sample containing official leaflets]. u.p.. Sample contain- about 33038 words from a periodical ing about 3278 words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) (domain: commerce) G36 Woman. IPC Magazines Ltd, Lon- G2S Outdoor Action. Hawker Consumer don (1991-19-19). Sample containing Publications, London (1991-08). Sam- about 31731 words from a periodical ple containing about 27862 words from (domain: leisure) a periodical (domain: leisure) G37 Yachting World. IPC Magazines Ltd, G2T Parents. EMAP Consumer Publica- London (1991-02). Sample containing tions Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- about 47052 words from a periodical ple containing about 35654 words from (domain: leisure) a periodical (domain: social science) G38 Marketing Week January 17. Cen- G2V She. The National Magazine Company taur Communications, London (1992- Ltd, London (1989-10). Sample con- 01-17). Sample containing about 15888 taining about 70724 words from a pe- words from a periodical (domain: com- riodical (domain: leisure) merce) G2W Ski Survey. Ski Club of Great Britain, G39 Daughter of the Dales. Hauxwell, London (1991-19-19). Sample contain- Hannah and Cockcroft, Barry, Century ing about 31222 words from a periodi- Hutchinson, London (1991), 173-318. cal (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 34869 words G2Y Treasure Hunting. Treasure Hunt- from a book (domain: world affairs) ing Publications, Brentwood, Essex G3A I believe in the Holy Spirit. Green, (1991-10). Sample containing about Michael, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, 28364 words from a periodical (do- Sevenoaks, Kent (1985), 6-125. Sample main: leisure) containing about 42439 words from a G30 Treasure Hunting. Treasure Hunt- book (domain: belief and thought) ing Publications, Brentwood, Essex G3B Peace and war: growing up in Fascist (1992-19-19). Sample containing about Italy. Newby, Wanda, Picador, Lon- 30381 words from a periodical (do- don (1991), 59-187. Sample containing main: leisure) about 41753 words from a book (do- G31 The Birmingham Magazine. Birm- main: world affairs) ingham University, Birmingham (1990- G3C The Penguin history of Greece. Burn, 08). Sample containing about 18810 A R, Penguin Group, London (1990 (re- words from a periodical (domain: social vised)), 126-245. Sample containing science) about 42791 words from a book (do- G32 Wave Magazine. Wave Publishing, main: world affairs) London (1990-19-19). Sample contain- G3D How to combat alcoholism & addic- ing about 17842 words from a periodi- tion. Lefever, Robert, Promis Books cal (domain: arts) Ltd, UK (1988), 1-119. Sample con- G33 BBC Wildlife. Wildlife Publications taining about 41690 words from a book Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sample (domain: social science) containing about 48198 words from a G3E Death of an expert witness. James, P periodical (domain: leisure) D, Sphere Books Ltd, London (1979), 208 12. List of works excerpted

9-135. Sample containing about 40157 Oxford (1990), 1-133. Sample contain- words from a book (domain: imagina- ing about 40918 words from a book (do- tive) main: social science) G3F Elements of marketing. Morden, A R, G3R The Shah’s last ride. Shawcross, D P Publications Ltd, London (1987), William, Pan Books Ltd, London 63-234. Sample containing about (1989), 3-113. Sample containing about 42911 words from a book (domain: 43903 words from a book (domain: commerce) world affairs) G3G The Fraxilly fracas. Hill, Douglas, G3S Vets might fly. Herriot, James, Pan Victor Gollancz Ltd, London (1989), 8- Books Ltd, London (1977), 7-120. 127. Sample containing about 40291 Sample containing about 42436 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: imaginative) tive) G3T Weaving’s bankruptcy procedure. G3H Weekly Hansard. House of Commons Frieze, Steven A, Longman Law Tax Official Report and Report, House of & Finance, UK (1990), 1-66. Sample Commons Official, HMSO, London containing about 21186 words from a (1989). Sample containing about 40938 book (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: world af- G3U Justice and Peace Group meeting. fairs) PS1VH 40, ‘Charlie’, traidcraft worker, male PS1VJ 40, ‘Moira’, traidcraft worker, female G3J Heat and dust. Jhabvala, Ruth Prawer, G3UPS000 Futura Publications Ltd, UK (1988). G3UPS001 Sample containing about 43542 words G3UPS002 G3UPS003 from a book (domain: imaginative) G3UPS004 G3K Instrument flying & background G3UPS005 to the instrument & IMC. Agazar- G3UPS006 ian, Monique, GMS Enterprises, UK Sample containing about 12715 words (1988), 1-109. Sample containing about speech recorded in business context 24343 words from a book (domain: G3V Music lesson: grade V music theory:. applied science) PS1VK 50, ‘Gill’, tutor, female PS1VL 14, ‘Tom’, student, male G3L Introduction to British politics. Dearlove, John and Saunders, Peter, Sample containing about 3907 words Polity Press, Cambridge (1988), 12- speech recorded in educational context 109. Sample containing about 45501 G3W Music lesson: grade V music theory. PS1VM 50, ‘Gill’, tutor, female words from a book (domain: world PS1VN 14, ‘Tom’, student, male affairs) Sample containing about 3351 words G3M The Licensing (Scotland) Act 1976. speech recorded in educational context Allan, John and et al, W Green & Sons G3X Flower-arranging demonstration. Ltd, UK (1989), 1-154. Sample con- PS1VP 60, ‘Anna’, retired, female taining about 43542 words from a book PS1VR 55, retired, female (domain: social science) Sample containing about 7341 words G3N The laws of Occam programming. speech recorded in leisure context Hoare, C A R and Roscoe, A W, Oxford G3Y Careers guidance: seminar. University Computing Laboratory, UK PS1VS 50, ‘Martin’, careers advisor, male (1986), 1-77. Sample containing about PS1VT 20, ‘Lente’, student, female 15932 words from a book (domain: ap- Sample containing about 7477 words plied science) speech recorded in educational context G3P The Oxford English programme. Seely, G42 Medical consultation. John and et al, Oxford University Press, PS1VU 60, doctor, male PS1VV 50+, female 12. List of works excerpted 209

Sample containing about 614 words PS1WH 60, doctor, male speech recorded in public context G4DPS000 G43 Medical consultation. Sample containing about 891 words PS1VW 60, doctor, male speech recorded in public context PS1VX 18, ‘John’, male G4E Medical consultation. Sample containing about 660 words PS1WK 60, doctor, male speech recorded in public context G4EPS000 G44 Medical consultation. Sample containing about 499 words PS1VY 60, doctor, male speech recorded in public context PS1W0 65, ‘Isobel’, female G4F Pre-retirement course: presentation. Sample containing about 469 words PS1WM 75+, course director, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 5659 words G45 Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS1W1 60, doctor, male PS1W2 60, ‘Agnes’, female G4G Pre-retirement course: presentation. Sample containing about 1106 words PS1WN 80+, senior fitness instructor, female speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 7515 words G46 Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS1W3 60, doctor, male G4H Pre-retirement course: presentation. PS1W4 20, ‘Jim’, male PS1WP 40, ‘John’, financial advisor, male Sample containing about 590 words Sample containing about 27860 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context G47 Medical consultation. G4J Pre-retirement course: presentation. PS1W5 60, doctor, male PS1WR 40, ‘John’, financial advisor, male PS1W6 30, ‘Cathy’, female G4JPS000 Sample containing about 886 words Sample containing about 2443 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context G48 Medical consultation. G4K Word-processing tutorial. PS1W7 60, doctor, male PS1W8 60, female PS1WS 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS1WT 45, ‘Sue’, secretary, male Sample containing about 366 words PS1WU 16, ‘Sarah’, student, female speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 9310 words G49 Medical consultation. speech recorded in educational context PS1W9 60, doctor, male PS1WA 50, female G4N Lockmaking in Willenhall: conversa- Sample containing about 725 words tion with Dick Brown, lockmaker. PS21S ‘M. Glasson’, interviewer, male speech recorded in public context PS21T ‘Dick’, lockmaker, male G4A Medical consultation. G4NPS000 PS1WB 60, doctor, male Sample containing about 10311 words Sample containing about 926 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in public context G4P Experiences of the leather trade: con- G4B Medical consultation. versation with John Hooper, leather PS1WD 60, doctor, male trader. Sample containing about 800 words PS21U ‘J. Hammond’, interviewer, female speech recorded in public context PS21V ‘John’, leather trader, male G4C Medical consultation. Sample containing about 2683 words PS1WF 60, doctor, male speech recorded in leisure context G4CPS000 G4R Zeppelin raids, 1916: conversation Sample containing about 361 words with Gilbert Bromley. speech recorded in public context PS21W ‘J. Hammond’, interviewer, female G4D Medical consultation. PS21X ‘Gilbert’, leather trader, male 210 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 7785 words G51 Medical consultation. speech recorded in leisure context PS278 doctor, male G4S Life in Caldmore: conversation with PS279 patient Bhagan Singh. Sample containing about 245 words PS21Y ‘J. Hammond’, interviewer, female speech recorded in public context PS220 ‘Bhagan’, male G52 Medical consultation. Sample containing about 5694 words PS27A doctor, male speech recorded in leisure context PS27B patient G4T Co-operative movement: conversation Sample containing about 252 words with Ruth Jackson. speech recorded in public context PS221 ‘M. Glasson’, interviewer, male PS222 ‘Ruth’, female G53 Medical consultation. PS27C doctor, male Sample containing about 11152 words PS27D patient speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 233 words G4U Sewage - Severn-Trent Water: talk. PS26L 50, ‘J. Childs’, sewage tmt expert, female speech recorded in public context G54 Medical consultation. Sample containing about 7124 words PS27E doctor, male speech recorded in leisure context PS27F patient G4V First-year undergraduate tutorial. PS26M 23, ‘Dave’, tutor, male Sample containing about 43 words PS26N 18, ‘Sally-ann’, student, female speech recorded in public context PS26P 18, ‘Marilyn’, student, female G55 Medical consultation. PS26R 18, ‘Chris’, student, male PS27G doctor, male Sample containing about 6846 words PS27H patient speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 568 words G4W First-year undergraduate tutorial: speech recorded in public context linguistics. G56 Medical consultation. PS26U ‘Dave’, tutor, male PS26V ‘Scott’, student, male PS27J doctor, male PS26W ‘Lindsay’, student, female PS27K patient PS26X ‘Rebecca’, student, female Sample containing about 520 words G4WPS000 G4WPS001 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 6308 words G57 Medical consultation. speech recorded in educational context PS27L doctor, male PS27M patient G4X Careers meeting. PS26Y ‘Allan’, manager, male Sample containing about 402 words PS270 ‘Sue’, manager, female speech recorded in public context PS271 ‘Liz’, manager, female G58 Medical consultation. PS272 ‘Cynthia’, manager, female PS273 ‘Jayne’, manager, female PS27N doctor, male PS27P patient Sample containing about 17119 words speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 460 words G4Y Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS274 doctor, male G59 Golf club events meeting. PS275 patient PS27R All participents unknown G4YPS000 PS27S ‘May’, female Sample containing about 56 words PS27T ‘Edith’, female PS27U ‘Jim’, male speech recorded in public context PS27V ‘Duncan’, male G50 Medical consultation. PS27W ‘Agnes’, female PS276 doctor, male PS27X ‘Margaret’, female PS277 patient PS27Y ‘Kell’ Sample containing about 116 words Sample containing about 7575 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in leisure context 12. List of works excerpted 211

G5A Auction rooms. G5J Market research interview. PS281 50, auctioneer, male PS2B2 55, market researcher, female Sample containing about 9283 words PS2B3 65, ‘Bill’, doctor, male PS2B4 59, housewife, female speech recorded in leisure context G5B Rotary Club meeting: lecture. Sample containing about 11164 words PS282 ‘A. Ritchie’, male speech recorded in business context G5BPS000 G5K Bible study group meeting. G5BPS001 PS2B5 ‘Matt’, male G5BPS002 PS2B6 ‘Sarah’, female G5BPS003 PS2B7 ‘Janet’, female G5BPS004 PS2B8 60+, ‘Jack’, male G5BPS005 PS2B9 ‘Alan’, male G5BPS006 PS2BA ‘Dennis’, male G5BPS007 PS2BB ‘Rita’, female Sample containing about 4346 words PS2BC ‘John’, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2BD ‘Pat’, Latecomer to meeting, female G5C Medical consultation. Sample containing about 11074 words PS283 general practitioner speech recorded in public context G5CPS000 G5L Medical consultation. Sample containing about 414 words PS2BE 35, general practitioner, male speech recorded in public context PS2BF Patient of participant 1, male G5D Medical consultation. Sample containing about 906 words PS284 general practitioner speech recorded in public context G5DPS000 G5DPS001 G5M Medical consultation. G5DPS002 PS2BG 35, general practitioner, male Sample containing about 602 words PS2BH , female speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 1680 words G5E Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS285 general practitioner G5N Medical consultation. PS287 PS2BJ 35, general practitioner, Doctor of partic- Sample containing about 1667 words ipants 2, 3, 4, male PS2BK 20+, female speech recorded in public context PS2BL 6, ‘James’, male G5F Medical consultation. PS2BM 3+, male PS288 general practitioner Sample containing about 1210 words PS289 PS28A speech recorded in public context G5FPS000 G5P Medical consultation. Sample containing about 517 words PS2BN 35, general practitioner, male speech recorded in public context PS2BP , female G5G Meeting: selection of candidate for Sample containing about 1139 words election to European Parliament. speech recorded in public context PS2AW Chairperson of meeting., male G5R Medical consultation. PS2AX ‘John Begg’, politician, Euro candidate PS2BR 35, general practitioner, male presenting self for selection, male PS2BS 66, female PS2AY ‘Frank Harasikwa’, politician, Euro can- didate presenting self for selection, male Sample containing about 1430 words PS2B0 ‘Neil Derbyshire’, Returning officer of speech recorded in public context meeting, male G5S Medical consultation. Sample containing about 9802 words PS2BT 35, general practitioner, male speech recorded in public context PS2BU 35+, female G5H Sermons. PS2BV 14, ‘Elizabeth’, schoolchild, female PS2B1 minister, male Sample containing about 1277 words Sample containing about 7564 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context G5T Medical consultation. 212 12. List of works excerpted

PS2BW 35, general practitioner, male PS2CK 60+, ‘Cathie’, housewife, female PS2BX , male PS2CL 60+, ‘Paddy’, retired shipbuilder, male Sample containing about 1719 words Sample containing about 8142 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in leisure context G5U Medical consultation. G64 Oral history project interview. PS2BY 35, general practitioner, male PS2CM 92, ‘Eric’, retired lecturer in pharmacy, PS2C0 19, male Born in Girran., male Sample containing about 1285 words PS2CN ‘Ann’, Interviewing participant 2., fe- speech recorded in public context male G5V Medical consultation. Sample containing about 5801 words PS2C1 35, general practitioner, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2C2 ‘Meryl’, female PS2C3 , male GSX The Dictionary of National Biogra- Sample containing about 3187 words phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S speech recorded in public context (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford G5W Medical consultation. (1993). Sample containing about 44697 PS2C4 35, general practitioner, male words from a book (domain: world af- PS2C5 , male fairs) Sample containing about 1121 words GSY The Dictionary of National Biogra- speech recorded in public context phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S G5X Medical consultation. (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford PS2C6 35, general practitioner, male (1993). Sample containing about 35973 PS2C7 , female words from a book (domain: world af- Sample containing about 1267 words fairs) speech recorded in public context GT0 The Dictionary of National Biogra- G5Y Medical consultation. phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S PS2C8 35, general practitioner, male (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford PS2C9 , female (1993). Sample containing about 33271 Sample containing about 532 words words from a book (domain: world af- speech recorded in public context fairs) G60 Medical consultation. GT1 The Dictionary of National Biogra- PS2CA 35, general practitioner, male PS2CB , female phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S Sample containing about 190 words (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford speech recorded in public context (1993). Sample containing about 31394 G61 Tutorial on differentiation. words from a book (domain: world af- PS2CC 49, ‘John’, tutor, Not a very strong fairs) Merseyside accent., male GT2 The Dictionary of National Biogra- PS2CD 30+, female phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S Sample containing about 3911 words (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford speech recorded in educational context (1993). Sample containing about 31920 G62 Oral history project interview. words from a book (domain: world af- PS2CE 87, ‘Elizabeth’, retired farmer and house- fairs) wife, Born in Dalvaine, Angus., female PS2CF 30+, researcher, Interviewing other 2 par- GT3 The Dictionary of National Biogra- ticipants., male phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S PS2CG 80+, male (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford Sample containing about 14780 words (1993). Sample containing about 33702 speech recorded in leisure context words from a book (domain: world af- G63 Oral history project interview. fairs) PS2CH 40+, Interviewing other three partici- pants., male GT4 The Dictionary of National Biogra- PS2CJ 60+, ‘Hugh’, retired shipbuilder, male phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S 12. List of works excerpted 213

(ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993). Sample containing about 35441 (1993). Sample containing about 31143 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: world af- fairs) fairs) GT5 The Dictionary of National Biogra- GTD The Dictionary of National Biogra- phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993). Sample containing about 32938 (1993). Sample containing about 41129 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: world af- fairs) fairs) GT6 The Dictionary of National Biogra- GTE The Dictionary of National Biogra- phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993). Sample containing about 35048 (1993). Sample containing about 36462 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: world af- fairs) fairs) GT7 The Dictionary of National Biogra- GTF The Dictionary of National Biogra- phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993). Sample containing about 27189 (1993). Sample containing about 34650 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: world af- fairs) fairs) GT8 The Dictionary of National Biogra- GTG The Dictionary of National Biogra- phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993). Sample containing about 30481 (1993). Sample containing about 30982 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: world af- fairs) fairs) GT9 The Dictionary of National Biogra- GTH The Dictionary of National Biogra- phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993). Sample containing about 25623 (1993). Sample containing about 43438 words from a book (domain: world af- words from a book (domain: world af- fairs) fairs) GTA The Dictionary of National Biogra- GU5 Atmospheric pollution. Elsom, Derek phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S M, Blackwell, Oxford (1992), 82-226. (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford Sample containing about 43620 words (1993). Sample containing about 37179 from a book (domain: world affairs) words from a book (domain: world af- GU6 Administrative law. Craig, P P, Sweet fairs) & Maxwell Ltd, London (1991), 197- GTB The Dictionary of National Biogra- 305. Sample containing about 43273 phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S words from a book (domain: social sci- (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford ence) (1993). Sample containing about 29423 GU7 The age of science. Knight, David, words from a book (domain: world af- Basil Blackwell Ltd, Oxford (1988), fairs) 88-205. Sample containing about GTC The Dictionary of National Biogra- 42575 words from a book (domain: nat- phy: Missing persons. Nicholls, C S ural sciences) 214 12. List of works excerpted

GU8 Animal behaviour: a concise introduc- book (domain: arts) tion. Ridley, Mark, Blackwell Scien- GUJ Cubism: a history and an analysis tific Publications, Oxford (1986), 50- 1907-14. Golding, John, Faber & Faber 176. Sample containing about 43041 Ltd, London (1988), 1-95. Sample con- words from a book (domain: natural taining about 37185 words from a book sciences) (domain: arts) GU9 Laura Ashley: a life by design. Sebba, GUK Daughters of the house. Roberts, Anne, George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Michele, Virago Press Ltd, London Ltd, London (1990), 75-169. Sample (1993), 30-153. Sample containing containing about 41102 words from a about 43324 words from a book (do- book (domain: applied science) main: imaginative) GUA Birds of Britain and Europe. Heinzel, GUL Taped. Barnes, Trevor, Coronet H, Fitter, R F and Parslow, J, Harper- Books, London (1993), 1-41. Sample Collins, London (1972). Sample con- containing about 6642 words from a taining about 38686 words from a book book (domain: imaginative) (domain: leisure) GUM Dark dance. Lee, Tanith, Warner GUB Curtains and blinds. Kittier, Eileen, Books, London (1993), 168-335. Sam- Ward Lock Ltd, London (1990), 6-70. ple containing about 43974 words from Sample containing about 22691 words a book (domain: imaginative) from a book (domain: leisure) GUN Dead beat. McDermid, Val, Victor GUC Corporate resource allocation. Gollancz Ltd, London (1992), 87-183. Tomkins, Cyril, Basil Blackwell Ltd, Sample containing about 40266 words Oxford (1991), 89-207. Sample con- from a book (domain: imaginative) taining about 42935 words from a book GUP Dead meat. Barnes, Trevor, New En- (domain: commerce) glish Library, Sevenoaks (1991), 79- GUD A clubbable woman. Hill, Reginald, 194. Sample containing about 41950 Grafton Books, London (1987), 83-250. words from a book (domain: imagina- Sample containing about 43820 words tive) from a book (domain: imaginative) GUR Producing and reducing disaffection: GUE Calypso’s Island. Ash, Rosalie, Mills curricula for all. Coulby, D and & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993), 7- Booth, T, Open University Press, Mil- 181. Sample containing about 48151 ton Keynes (1987), 67-150. Sample words from a book (domain: imagina- containing about 40939 words from a tive) book (domain: social science) GUF Cast in order of disappearance. Brett, GUS The picture of Dorian Gray: Oxford Simon, Vicor Gollancz, London (1975), Bookworms edition. Nevile, Jill, Ox- 31-192. Sample containing about ford University Press, Oxford (1989), 46849 words from a book (domain: 1-57. Sample containing about 11227 imaginative) words from a book (domain: imagina- GUG Chung Kuo: The white mountain. tive) Wingrove, David, New English Library, GUT Dynasty 15: The reckoning. Harrod- Sevenoaks (1991), 91-171. Sample Eagles, Cynthia, Warner Books, Lon- containing about 41823 words from a don (1993). Sample containing about book (domain: imaginative) 38670 words from a book (domain: GUH The concise Oxford history of music. imaginative) Abraham, Gerald, Oxford University GUU Freelance death. Taylor, Andrew, Vic- Press, Oxford (1985), 201-327. Sample tor Gollancz Ltd, London (1993), 52- containing about 40310 words from a 175. Sample containing about 42784 12. List of works excerpted 215

words from a book (domain: imagina- Sample containing about 40950 words tive) from a book (domain: imaginative) GUV Further education today: a critical re- GV7 Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: Oxford Book- view. Roberts, I F and Cantor, Leonard worms edition. Border, Rosemary, Ox- M, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, Lon- ford University Press, Oxford (1991), don (1986), 88-184. Sample containing 1-74. Sample containing about 14319 about 43423 words from a book (do- words from a book (domain: imagina- main: social science) tive) GUW Women in England 1870-1950. GV8 Love over gold. James, Susannah, Lewis, Jane, Harvester & Wheatsheaf, Corgi Books, London (1993), 115-290. Hemel Hempstead (1984), 1-106. Sam- Sample containing about 47336 words ple containing about 43056 words from from a book (domain: imaginative) a book (domain: social science) GV9 The love of a king. Barnes, Trevor and GUX The lost father. Warner, Marina, Pi- Dainty, Peter, Oxford University Press, cador, London (1989), 42-126. Sample Oxford (1989), 1-38. Sample contain- containing about 38783 words from a ing about 6603 words from a book (do- book (domain: imaginative) main: imaginative) GUY Management: theory and practice. GVA Language processing in children and Cole, Gerald A, D P Publications Ltd, adults. Coltheart, Max and Harris, Mar- London, 225-360. Sample containing garet, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, about 41659 words from a book (do- London (1986), 133-252. Sample con- main: commerce) taining about 42693 words from a book GV0 Geomorphology. Sparks, B W, Long- (domain: social science) man Scientific & Technical, Harlow GVB The last enchantment. Stewart, Mary, (1986), 221-342. Sample containing Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, about 45273 words from a book (do- Kent (1979). Sample containing about main: applied science) 42740 words from a book (domain: GV1 Garden pools, waterfalls and foun- imaginative) tains. Booth-Moores, Andrew, Ward GVC The Lazarus tree. Richardson, Robert, Lock Ltd, London (1991), 7-93. Sam- Victor Gollancz Ltd, London (1992). ple containing about 20701 words from Sample containing about 40602 words a book (domain: leisure) from a book (domain: imaginative) GV2 Guilty knowledge. Grant-Adamson, GVD Managing the modular course. Wat- Lesley, Faber & Faber Ltd, London son, David, Open University Press, Mil- (1988), 133-259. Sample containing ton Keynes (1989), 9-135. Sample con- about 45041 words from a book (do- taining about 36505 words from a book main: imaginative) (domain: social science) GV3 The piano. Border, Rosemary, Oxford GVF The martial arts. Lewis, Peter, Tiger University Press, Oxford (1989), 1-39. Books International, London (1991), 6- Sample containing about 6624 words 137. Sample containing about 33867 from a book (domain: imaginative) words from a book (domain: leisure) GV5 Introduction to politics. Gill, Peter GVG Principles of modern company law. and Ponton, Geoffrey, Blackwell, Ox- Gower, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd, London ford (1984), 119-237. Sample contain- (1992), 355-476. Sample containing ing about 41537 words from a book (do- about 40415 words from a book (do- main: world affairs) main: social science) GV6 Isvik. Innes, Hammond, Chapmans GVH The modern English legal system. Publishers Ltd, London (1991), 85-189. Gunn, N J and Bailey, S H, Sweet & 216 12. List of works excerpted

Maxwell Ltd, London (1993). Sample GVU Public sector accounting. Pendlebury, containing about 41690 words from a Maurice and Jones, Rowan, Pitman book (domain: social science) Publishing, London (1992), 109-218. GVJ Musical composition. Brindle Smith, Sample containing about 43303 words Reginald, Oxford University Press, Ox- from a book (domain: commerce) ford (1986), 7-147. Sample containing GVV Persia and the Greeks. Burn, A R, about 38610 words from a book (do- Duckworth & Company Ltd, London main: arts) (1984), 311-422. Sample containing GVK The Soviet Union and the strategy of about 37922 words from a book (do- non-alignment in the Third World. Alli- main: world affairs) son, Roy, Cambridge University Press, GVW The nature of physical geography. Cambridge (1988), 126-217. Sample Gregory, K J, Edward Arnold (Publish- containing about 40883 words from a ers) Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent (1985), 65- book (domain: world affairs) 160. Sample containing about 41207 GVL The night mayor. Newman, Kim, New words from a book (domain: world af- English Library, Sevenoaks (1990), 49- fairs) 185. Sample containing about 43996 GVX Radical approaches to adult educa- words from a book (domain: imagina- tion: A Reader. Lovett, Tom, Routledge tive) & Kegan Paul plc, London (1988), 139- GVM New Yorkers. Mowat, Diane and Hut- 262. Sample containing about 27749 son, S, Oxford University Press, Ox- words from a book (domain: social sci- ford (1991), 6-44. Sample containing ence) about 6447 words from a book (domain: GVY The railway station: a social his- imaginative) tory. Oxford University Press, Oxford GVN Organisation and management in the (1988). Sample containing about 39104 public sector. Lawton, Alan and words from a book (domain: social sci- Rose, Aidan, Pitman Publishing, Lon- ence) don (1991), 37-132. Sample containing GW0 Rain. Gallagher, Stephen, New En- about 39431 words from a book (do- glish Library, Sevenoaks (1990), 132- main: commerce) 293. Sample containing about 46186 GVP Over the edge. Rowlands, Betty, Coro- words from a book (domain: imagina- net Books, London (1993), 59-184. tive) Sample containing about 43343 words GW1 Rape and the legal process. Temkin, from a book (domain: imaginative) Jennifer, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd, Chel- GVR Offences against public order. Smith, tenham (1987). Sample containing A T H, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd, Lon- about 41563 words from a book (do- don (1987), 86-195. Sample containing main: social science) about 45231 words from a book (do- GW2 Sign for the sacred. Storm, Con- main: social science) stantine, Headline Book Publishing plc, GVS Orchestral technique: a manual for London (1993), 127-236. Sample con- students. Jacob, Gordon, Oxford Uni- taining about 41854 words from a book versity Press, Oxford (1982), 6-90. (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 23970 words GW3 Wycliffe and the scapegoat. Burley, W from a book (domain: arts) J, Corgi Books, London (1987), 27-158. GVT The picturegoers. Lodge, David, Pen- Sample containing about 45137 words guin Group, London (1993), 112-238. from a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 40131 words GW4 Sociology of postmodernism. Lash, from a book (domain: imaginative) Scott, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, 12. List of works excerpted 217

London (1990), 151-265. Sample con- 42333 words from a book (domain: taining about 42289 words from a book imaginative) (domain: social science) GWG Wild justice. Grant-Adamson, Lesley, GW5 Skyjack! Oxford Bookworms edition. Faber & Faber Ltd, London (1989), 75- Vicary, Tim, Oxford University Press, 195. Sample containing about 42796 Oxford (1989), 1-54. Sample contain- words from a book (domain: imagina- ing about 9483 words from a book (do- tive) main: imaginative) GWH Wuthering Heights: Oxford Book- GW6 The solar system. Jones, Bar- worms edition. West, Clare, Oxford rie William, Pergamon Press, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1992), 1-87. (1984). Sample containing about 43203 Sample containing about 19839 words words from a book (domain: natural from a book (domain: imaginative) sciences) GWJ The British Journal of Social Work. GW8 Tess of the d’Urbervilles: Oxford Hugman, Richard and Challis, David, Bookworms edition. Hardy, Thomas Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993- and West, Clare, Oxford University 08), 319-434. Sample containing about Press, Oxford (1989), 1-119. Sample 40486 words from a periodical (do- containing about 34886 words from a main: social science) book (domain: imaginative) GWK Bookseller. Uden, Grant, Antique GW9 Trail of the octopus. Goddard, Donald Collectors Club, Woodbridge, Suffolk and Coleman, Lester K, Bloomsbury (1993-19-19). Sample containing about Publishing Ltd, London (1993), 121- 21504 words from a book (domain: 221. Sample containing about 41071 leisure) words from a book (domain: world af- GWL Bookseller. Uden, Grant, Antique fairs) Collectors Club, Woodbridge, Suffolk GWA Voodoo Island. Duckworth, Michael, (1993-19-19). Sample containing about Oxford University Press, Oxford 25069 words from a book (domain: (1989), 1-39. Sample containing about leisure) 6358 words from a book (domain: GWM Early Music. Oxford University imaginative) Press, Oxford (1993-05), 29-120. Sam- GWB Wycliffe and the cycle of death. Bur- ple containing about 28306 words from ley, W J, Corgi Books, London (1991), a periodical (domain: arts) 42-174. Sample containing about GWN Statute Law Review. Bates, J N, Ox- 40691 words from a book (domain: ford University Press, Oxford (1993), imaginative) 1-73. Sample containing about 32490 GWC White death: Oxford Bookworms edi- words from a periodical (domain: social tion. Vicary, Tim, Oxford University science) Press, Oxford (1989), 1-40. Sample GX0 [Miscellaneous prayers]. Smith, containing about 7157 words from a David K, u.p.. Sample containing about book (domain: imaginative) 7243 words of material written to be GWE Waking nightmares. Campbell, Ram- spoken (domain: belief and thought) sey, Warner Books, London (1993), 65- GX1 [Sermons]. Smith, David K, u.p.. 199. Sample containing about 41456 Sample containing about 14792 words words from a book (domain: imagina- of material written to be spoken (do- tive) main: belief and thought) GWF The way to Babylon. Kearney, Paul, GX2 Atomic Energy Authority times and an- Victor Gollancz Ltd, London (1992), nual review. u.p.. Sample containing 155-254. Sample containing about about 13576 words of unpublished mis- 218 12. List of works excerpted

cellanea (domain: applied science) GXH [Juniper Green village association GX3 Competitive edge. AEA Technology, minutes]. u.p.. Sample containing Didcot, Oxfordshire (1993-06). Sample about 12093 words of unpublished mis- containing about 13863 words from a cellanea (domain: social science) periodical (domain: applied science) GXJ [Collection of leaflets from Lothian GX4 [LASMO July 1992 – news releases]. Council]. u.p.. Sample containing u.p.. Sample containing about 2581 about 79904 words of unpublished mis- words of unpublished miscellanea (do- cellanea (domain: social science) main: natural sciences) GXK Notes for my nephews and nieces. GX5 LASMO business profile 92. u.p.. Sam- Robertson, Angela, u.p.. Sample con- ple containing about 5270 words of un- taining about 20146 words of unpub- published miscellanea (domain: natural lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- sciences) ence) GX6 Pipeline. u.p.. Sample containing GXL [Personal letters]. u.p.. Sample con- about 7352 words of unpublished mis- taining about 7839 words of unpub- cellanea (domain: natural sciences) lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) GX7 Pipeline. u.p.. Sample containing GXM [Personal letters and other about 14078 words of unpublished mis- ephemera]. unpublished. Sample cellanea (domain: natural sciences) containing about 6030 words of unpub- GX8 [LASMO plc. u.p.. Annual Reports lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) and Accounts 92]. Sample containing GY4 Neighbourhood Watch talk: crime pre- about 14365 words of unpublished mis- vention. cellanea (domain: natural sciences) PS28B 37, ‘Paul’, police sergeant, male GX9 NewsLine – Royal Bank of Scotland. PS28C 40+, ‘Jan’, housewife, female PS28D 65+, ‘Selwyn’, retired, male u.p.. Sample containing about 20283 PS28E 40+, ‘Lyn’, housewife, female words from a periodical (domain: social PS28F 50+, housewife, female PS28G 65+, retired, female science) PS28H 60+, ‘Dave’, retired, male GXA NewsLine – Royal Bank of Scotland. PS28J 70+, retired, male u.p.. Sample containing about 22611 GY4PS000 words from a periodical (domain: social Sample containing about 13048 words science) speech recorded in public context GXB Where people matter. The Royal Bank GY5 Medical consultation. of Scotland. Sample containing about PS28K doctor 10294 words of unpublished miscel- PS28L lanea (domain: commerce) Sample containing about 345 words GXE National Library of Scotland – speech recorded in public context newsletter. u.p.. Sample containing GY6 Medical consultation. about 9101 words of unpublished mis- PS28M doctor cellanea (domain: applied science) PS28N GXF Chartered builder. Comm. Directorate Sample containing about 1558 words Chart. Inst, Ascot (1993-07). Sample speech recorded in public context containing about 12141 words from a GY7 Medical consultation. periodical (domain: social science) PS28P doctor GXG [Campaign for the Preservation of PS28R Rural Wales: miscellaneous unpub- Sample containing about 1592 words lished documents]. u.p.. Sample con- speech recorded in public context taining about 99334 words of miscel- GY8 Medical consultation. lanea (domain: social science) PS28S doctor PS28T 12. List of works excerpted 219

Sample containing about 1450 words GYK Oral history project: interview on speech recorded in public context housing. GY9 Medical consultation. PS29F worker at law centre PS28U doctor PS29G PS28V Sample containing about 6301 words Sample containing about 1281 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in public context GYL Oral history project: interview on GYA Medical consultation. housing. PS28W doctor PS28X PS29H neighbourhood housing officer PS29J Sample containing about 363 words speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 946 words GYB Medical consultation. speech recorded in leisure context PS28Y doctor GYM Oral history project: interview on PS290 housing. Sample containing about 1016 words PS29K ‘Leona’, unemployed, female speech recorded in public context PS29L PS29M ‘Tiffany’, female GYC Medical consultation. PS291 doctor Sample containing about 4502 words PS292 speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 1459 words GYN Knitwear design and history: speech recorded in public context Women’s Institute meeting. GYD Medical consultation. PS29N 50+, ‘Lewis’, knitwear designer and pro- PS293 doctor ducer, male PS294 , female Sample containing about 6174 words Sample containing about 1724 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in public context GYP Tutorial maths lesson: GCSE paper 3. GYE Medical consultation. PS29P 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS295 doctor PS29R 16, ‘Ian’, student, male PS296 Sample containing about 972 words Sample containing about 9324 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in educational context GYF Medical consultation. GYR Chemistry tutorial: GCSE. PS297 doctor PS29S 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS298 , female PS29T 16, ‘Andrew’, student, male Sample containing about 695 words Sample containing about 13208 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in educational context GYG Medical consultation. GYS Oral history project: interview. PS299 doctor PS29U 72, ‘William’, farmer, male PS29A , male PS29V , male Sample containing about 896 words GYSPS000 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 4568 words GYH Medical consultation. speech recorded in leisure context PS29B doctor GYT Oral history project: interview. PS29C PS29W 72, ‘William’, farmer, male Sample containing about 503 words PS29X , male speech recorded in public context PS29Y ‘Sarah’, female GYJ Medical consultation. Sample containing about 4427 words PS29D doctor speech recorded in leisure context PS29E GYU Oral history project: interview. Sample containing about 232 words PS2A0 76, ‘Laurie’, retired, male speech recorded in public context PS2A1 30+, male 220 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 11701 words Sample containing about 808 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context GYV Oral history project, Scotland: inter- H05 Oral history project: interview. view. PS2AT , female PS2A2 ‘Bill’, engineer, male PS2AU carpet factory worker, female PS2A3 ‘Ken’, male PS2AV ‘Ken’, male Sample containing about 12196 words Sample containing about 3365 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context GYW Oral history project: interview. H06 BBC Good Food. Redwood Publishing PS2A4 ‘Malcolm’, male Company., London (1991-19-19). Sam- PS2A5 72, ‘Swinton’, retired motor engineer, ple containing about 34803 words from male a periodical (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 12930 words H07 Parents. EMAP Consumer Publica- speech recorded in leisure context tions Ltd, London (1991-19-19). Sam- GYX Maths tutorial. ple containing about 35406 words from PS2A6 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS2A7 student, male a periodical (domain: social science) Sample containing about 13586 words H09 Across the low meadow. Church, D speech recorded in educational context and Gowers, E S, Christine Swift Book- GYY Oral history project: interview. shop, UK (1979), 1-89. Sample con- PS2A8 , female taining about 36524 words from a book PS2A9 carpet factory worker, female (domain: world affairs) PS2AA ‘Ken’, male H0A The life of my choice. Thesiger, Sample containing about 3756 words Wilfred, Fontana Paperbacks, London speech recorded in leisure context (1988). Sample containing about 40496 H00 Oral history project: interview. words from a book (domain: leisure) PS2AB , female H0B Coniston copper. Holland, Eric G, Ci- PS2AC carpet factory worker, female PS2AD ‘Ken’, male cerone Press, UK (1986), 16-134. Sam- Sample containing about 1001 words ple containing about 38931 words from speech recorded in leisure context a book (domain: world affairs) H01 Oral history project: interview. H0C Patrol. Bayly, R G, RG Bayly in PS2AE , female assoc with The Self Pub Assoc, UK PS2AF carpet factory worker, female (1989), 29-190. Sample containing PS2AG ‘Ken’, male about 42176 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 3060 words main: commerce) speech recorded in leisure context H0D Death in the City. Anderson, J R L, F H02 Oral history project: interview. A Thorpe (Publishing) Ltd, UK (1980), PS2AH , female PS2AJ carpet factory worker, female 1-200. Sample containing about 43531 PS2AK ‘Ken’, male words from a book (domain: imagina- Sample containing about 716 words tive) speech recorded in leisure context H0E Atlas of management thinking. Bono, H03 Oral history project: interview. Edward de, Penguin Books, London PS2AL , female (1988), 1-201. Sample containing about PS2AM 40+, carpet factory worker, female 39525 words from a book (domain: PS2AN ‘Ken’, male commerce) Sample containing about 3097 words H0F The green behind the glass. Geras, speech recorded in leisure context Adele, Lions Teen Tracks, UK (1989), H04 Oral history project: interview. 1-118. Sample containing about 41764 PS2AP , female PS2AR office worker in carpet factory, female words from a book (domain: imagina- PS2AS ‘Ken’, male tive) 12. List of works excerpted 221

H0H The initial destinations of 1984 in- main: natural sciences) formation technology advanced course H0Y A handbook of English Language students. Gordon, Alan, Science & Eng Teaching terms and practice. Seaton, Research Council, UK (1984), 1-37. Brian, Macmillan Press Ltd, London Sample containing about 7027 words (1982), 1-86. Sample containing about from a book (domain: social science) 37762 words from a book (domain: so- H0J Introduction to language learning: a cial science) handbook. Burgess, Eunice and Ander- H10 Social anthropology. Leach, Edmund, son, Gunilla, Summer Institute of Lin- Fontana Press, London (1986), 55-203. guistics, UK (1989), 1-92. Sample con- Sample containing about 45114 words taining about 28544 words from a book from a book (domain: social science) (domain: social science) H13 Excerpt from My favourite stories of H0K Alien wisdom: the limits of Helleniza- Lakeland. Wyatt, John, Lutterworth tion. Momigliano, Arnaldo, Cambridge Press, Cambridge (1981), 113-116. University Press, Cambridge (1990), 1- Sample containing about 1305 words 116. Sample containing about 40984 from a book (domain: imaginative) words from a book (domain: world af- H45 Nonesuch. University of Bristol, Bris- fairs) tol (1991/1992). Sample containing H0M Money. Amis, Martin, Penguin Group, about 25513 words from a periodical London (1985), 91-202. Sample con- (domain: leisure) taining about 43275 words from a book H46 Bookseller. J Whitaker & sons, Lon- (domain: imaginative) don (1993-19-19). Sample containing H0N Nietzsche on tragedy. Silk, M S and about 26493 words from a periodical Stern, J P, Cambridge University Press, (domain: arts) Cambridge (1981), 1-104. Sample con- H47 British Rail quality assurance seminar. taining about 41777 words from a book PS1X2 45, ‘Dennis’, british rail employee, male (domain: belief and thought) PS1X3 22, ‘Clare’, audio transcriber, female PS1X4 45+, ‘Trevor’, british rail employee, male H0P Optimum conditions for childbearing. PS1X5 55+, ‘Norman’, british rail employee, Acsadi, George T F, Internat Planned male Parenthood Federation, UK (1986), 1- PS1X6 50+, ‘Mike’, consultant, male 97. Sample containing about 33125 Sample containing about 11520 words words from a book (domain: social sci- speech recorded in business context ence) H48 British Rail quality assurance seminar. H0R Offshore. Fitzgerald, Penelope, PS1X7 45, ‘Dennis’, british rail employee, male Fontana Paperbacks, London (1988), PS1X8 45+, ‘Trevor’, british rail employee, male PS1X9 55+, ‘Norman’, british rail employee, 9-140. Sample containing about 42735 male words from a book (domain: imagina- PS1XA 50+, ‘Mike’, consultant, male tive) PS1XB 45+, ‘Granville’, british rail employee, male H0S The online catalogue: developments & directions. Hildreth, Charles R Sample containing about 11253 words (ed.), Library Association Publishing speech recorded in business context Ltd, London (1989), 25-43. Sample H49 Parish Council meeting. containing about 15425 words from a PS1XC 50+, ‘Peter’, male PS1XD 40+, ‘Anne’, female book (domain: social science) PS1XE 45+, ‘Pat’, female H0U An introduction to polymer mechan- PS1XF 50+, ‘Peter’, male ics. Arridge, R G C, Taylor & Francis, PS1XG 35+, ‘Steve’, male PS1XH 50+, ‘Christine’, female UK (1985), vii-202. Sample containing PS1XJ 50+, ‘David’, male about 40320 words from a book (do- PS1XK ‘David’, male PS1XL 40+, ‘Lynn’, female 222 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 15770 words PS1YJ ‘Pete’, male speech recorded in public context PS1YK child, female H4A Labour Club public meeting. Sample containing about 1139 words PS1XR 35, ‘Steve’, health worker, male speech recorded in public context PS1XS 35, ‘John’, council worker, male H4J Medical consultations. PS1XT 56, ‘Jeff’, retired, male PS1YL 60, general practitioner, male PS1XU 28, ‘ED’, trade union officer, male PS1YM , male PS1XV 40, ‘Graham’, member of parliament, male Sample containing about 466 words PS1XW 65+, ‘Ronald’, retired, male speech recorded in public context PS1XX 65+, ‘Ida’, pensioners’ movement repre- sentative, female H4K Medical consultations. PS1XY 43, ‘Alan’, trade union representative, PS1YN 60, general practitioner, male male PS1YP ‘Alec’, male PS1Y0 35, ‘Gwen’, hosiery worker, female Sample containing about 444 words Sample containing about 9805 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H4L Medical consultations. H4B Nottinghamshire Oral History Project: PS1YR 60, general practitioner, male interview. PS1YS , female PS1Y2 , male Sample containing about 24 words PS1Y3 70, retired, male speech recorded in public context PS1Y4 70, retired, female H4M Medical consultations. Sample containing about 12608 words PS1YT 60, general practitioner, male speech recorded in leisure context PS1YU , female H4C Nottinghamshire Oral History Project: Sample containing about 502 words interview. speech recorded in public context PS1Y5 72, retired midwife, female H4N Medical consultations. PS1Y6 , female PS1YV 60, general practitioner, male Sample containing about 16503 words PS1YW ‘William’, male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 271 words H4D Medical consultations. speech recorded in public context PS1Y7 60, general practitioner, male H4P Medical consultations. PS1Y8 , female PS1YX 60, general practitioner, male PS1Y9 child, female PS1YY ‘June’, female Sample containing about 701 words Sample containing about 504 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H4E Medical consultations. H4R Medical consultations. PS1YA 60, general practitioner, male PS200 60, general practitioner, male PS1YB ‘Mary’, female PS201 , male Sample containing about 884 words Sample containing about 203 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H4F Medical consultations. H4S Medical consultations. PS1YC 60, general practitioner, male PS202 60, general practitioner, male PS1YD ‘Mary’, female PS203 ‘Bob’, male Sample containing about 932 words Sample containing about 439 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H4G Medical consultations. H4T Medical consultations. PS1YE 60, general practitioner, male PS204 60, general practitioner, male PS1YF receptionist, female PS205 ‘Suzanne’, female Sample containing about 188 words Sample containing about 408 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H4H Medical consultations. H4U Medical consultations. PS1YG 60, general practitioner, male PS206 60, general practitioner, male PS1YH , female PS207 , male 12. List of works excerpted 223

Sample containing about 415 words H56 Medical consultations. speech recorded in public context PS20V 60, general practitioner, male H4V Medical consultations. PS20W , female PS208 60, general practitioner, male Sample containing about 473 words PS209 ‘Robert’, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 523 words H57 Medical consultations. speech recorded in public context PS20X 60, general practitioner, male H4W Medical consultations. PS20Y ‘Steven’, male PS20A 60, general practitioner, male Sample containing about 877 words PS20B , female speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 1043 words H58 Medical consultations. speech recorded in public context PS210 60, general practitioner, male H4X Medical consultations. PS211 receptionist, female PS20C 60, general practitioner, male PS20D , male Sample containing about 50 words Sample containing about 457 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H59 Medical consultations. PS212 60, general practitioner, male H4Y Medical consultations. PS213 ‘Alison’, female PS20E 60, general practitioner, male PS20F ‘Mary’, female Sample containing about 724 words Sample containing about 943 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H5A Medical consultations. H50 Medical consultations. PS214 60, general practitioner, male PS20G 60, general practitioner, male PS215 ‘William’, male PS20H , female Sample containing about 1059 words Sample containing about 562 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H5B Medical consultations. H51 Medical consultations. PS216 60, general practitioner, male PS20J 60, general practitioner, male PS217 , female PS20K ‘Anne’, female Sample containing about 52 words Sample containing about 495 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H5C Medical consultations. H52 Medical consultations. PS218 60, general practitioner, male PS20L 60, general practitioner, male PS219 , female PS20M ‘Walter’, male PS21A 1, ‘Daniel’, male Sample containing about 89 words Sample containing about 473 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H53 Medical consultations. H5D Careers Service: meeting. PS20N 60, general practitioner, male PS21B 30, ‘Sue’, careers advisor, female PS20P , male PS21C 40, ‘Keith’, careers advisor, male Sample containing about 365 words Sample containing about 9451 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context H54 Medical consultations. PS20R 60, general practitioner, male H5E Careers Service: meeting. PS20S ‘Mary’, female PS21D ‘Sue’, careers advisor, female PS21E ‘Bill’, careers advisor, male Sample containing about 678 words PS21F ‘Sylvia’, careers advisor, female speech recorded in public context PS21G ‘Kevin’, careers advisor, male H55 Medical consultations. PS21H ‘Cath’, careers advisor, female PS21J ‘Diane’, careers advisor, female PS20T 60, general practitioner, male PS20U ‘Carol’, female Sample containing about 8398 words Sample containing about 204 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in public context H5G Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. 224 12. List of works excerpted

PS22C , female PS2D9 30, ‘Cathy’, female PS22D 77, ‘George’, retired, male Sample containing about 515 words Sample containing about 16649 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in leisure context H5T Medical consultation. H5H Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. PS2DA 60, general practitioner, male PS22E , female PS2DB 60, female PS22F 77, ‘George’, retired, male Sample containing about 321 words H5HPS000 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 14477 words H5U Medical consultation. speech recorded in leisure context PS2DC 60, general practitioner, male H5J Suffolk Sound Archive: recording a PS2DD , female message. PS2DE , female PS22R , male Sample containing about 726 words Sample containing about 2959 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in leisure context H5V Medical consultation. H5K Medical consultation. PS2DF 60, general practitioner, male PS2DG 60, ‘Agnes’, female PS2CP 60, general practitioner, male PS2CR 50+, female Sample containing about 1150 words PS2CS 24, ‘David’, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 836 words H5W Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS2DH 60, general practitioner, male H5L Medical consultation. PS2DJ , female PS2CT 60, general practitioner, male Sample containing about 393 words PS2CU 60+, ‘Jonathan’, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 600 words H5X Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS2DK 60, general practitioner, male H5M Medical consultation. PS2DL 75, ‘Jim’, male PS2CV 60, general practitioner, male Sample containing about 283 words PS2CW 20+, female speech recorded in public context PS2CX 35, ‘Jean’, nurse, female PS2CY 50+, ‘John’, male H5Y Medical consultation. PS2DM 60, general practitioner, male Sample containing about 433 words PS2DN 40, ‘Katrina’, female speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 983 words H5N Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS2D0 60, general practitioner, male H60 Medical consultation. PS2D1 45, ‘Flora’, female PS2D2 50, ‘John’, male PS2DP 60, general practitioner, male PS2DR 60+, ‘Cathy’, female Sample containing about 1773 words Sample containing about 336 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context H5P Medical consultation. H61 Computer advice session. PS2D3 60, general practitioner, male PS2D4 70, ‘Thomas’, male PS2DS 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS2DT 26, ‘Simon’, computer analyst, male Sample containing about 788 words Sample containing about 13413 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context H5R Medical consultation. H78 A brief history of time. Hawking, PS2D5 60, general practitioner, male PS2D6 ‘Charlie’, male Stephen W, Bantam Press, London Sample containing about 157 words (1988), 35-167. Sample containing speech recorded in public context about 43319 words from a book (do- H5S Medical consultation. main: natural sciences) PS2D7 60, general practitioner, male H79 The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the north PS2D8 5, ‘Gary’, male Atlantic Ocean. Paterson, Gordon L J, 12. List of works excerpted 225

British Museum (Natural History), UK H7S The Mufti of Istanbul. Repp, R C, (1985), 1-120. Sample containing about Ithaca Press, UK (1986), 27-146. Sam- 39110 words from a book (domain: nat- ple containing about 45440 words from ural sciences) a book (domain: world affairs) H7A The Children of Dynmouth. Trevor, H7T Applied economics. Griffiths, Alan William, Penguin Books, London and Wall, Stuart, Longman Group UK (1987), 91-189. Sample containing Ltd, Harlow (1993). Sample containing about 39500 words from a book (do- about 38648 words from a book (do- main: imaginative) main: commerce) H7B Computers in personnel. Page, Terry H7U Sale of goods and consumer credit. (ed.), IMS, UK (1982), 23-114. Sample Dobson, A P, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd, containing about 36301 words from a London (1989), 115-227. Sample con- book (domain: commerce) taining about 44384 words from a book H7C The election of the Constitutional Con- (domain: commerce) vention May 1975. Knight, James, The H7V The hound of the Baskervilles: Ox- Arthur McDougall Fund, UK (1975), ford Bookworms edition. Nobes, 7-17. Sample containing about 8210 Patrick, Oxford University Press, Ox- words from a book (domain: world af- ford (1989), 1-89. Sample containing fairs) about 21101 words from a book (do- H7E Getting things done: Eva Burrows – main: imaginative) A biography. Green, Wendy, Mar- H7W Bay of rainbows. James, Dana, Mills shall Morgan & Scott, UK (1988), 3- & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). 119. Sample containing about 38260 Sample containing about 53275 words words from a book (domain: belief and from a book (domain: imaginative) thought) H7X The blind watchmaker. Dawkins, H7F Walking on glass. Banks, Iain, Futura Richard, Penguin Group, London Publications Ltd, UK (1988), 11-106. (1991). Sample containing about 37924 Sample containing about 37526 words words from a book (domain: natural from a book (domain: imaginative) sciences) H7H Loving and giving. Keane, Molly, An- H80 Get Carter. Lewis, Ted, Allison & dre Deutsch Ltd, UK (1988), 3-123. Busby, London (1992), 5-138. Sample Sample containing about 42226 words containing about 41147 words from a from a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: imaginative) H7K The nature of the stratigraphical H81 A casebook on contract. Smith, J C, record. Ager, Derek V, Macmillan Pub- u.p., 193-252. Sample containing about lishers Ltd, Basingstoke (1984), 1-106. 36976 words from a book (domain: Sample containing about 36781 words commerce) from a book (domain: natural sciences) H82 The chymical wedding. Clarke, Lind- H7P A song twice over. Jagger, Brenda, say, Jonathan Cape, London (1989), Fontana Press, London (1986), 141- 186-301. Sample containing about 220. Sample containing about 31630 46693 words from a book (domain: words from a book (domain: imagina- imaginative) tive) H83 Claims of feeling. Ross, Malcolm, H7R Stepping motors: a guide to modern The Falmer Press, Lewes, East Sussex theory & practice. Acarnley, P P, Peter (1989), 165-341. Sample containing Peregrins Ltd, UK (1982), 1-152. Sam- about 45091 words from a book (do- ple containing about 40180 words from main: social science) a book (domain: applied science) H84 City of dreams. Gill, Anton, Blooms- 226 12. List of works excerpted

bury Publishing Ltd, London (1993), H8G Frankenstein: Oxford Bookworms edi- 33-153. Sample containing about tion. Nobes, Patrick, Oxford University 43343 words from a book (domain: Press, Oxford (1992), 1-58. Sample imaginative) containing about 10123 words from a H85 Coffin underground. Butler, Gwendo- book (domain: imaginative) line, Fontana Press, London (1991), 54- H8H A French encounter. Williams, Cathy, 215. Sample containing about 43705 Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey words from a book (domain: imagina- (1992). Sample containing about 52484 tive) words from a book (domain: imagina- H86 Conduct of Major Maxim. Lyall, tive) Gavin, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, H8J Gemini girl. Goodman, Liza, Mills & Sevenoaks, Kent (1982), 63-186. Sam- Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1992). Sam- ple containing about 43823 words from ple containing about 50210 words from a book (domain: imaginative) a book (domain: imaginative) H88 Mathematics, teachers and children. H8K General relativity. Kenyon, I R, Ox- Pimm, David, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, ford University Press, Oxford (1990), Sevenoaks, Kent (1988), 69-182. Sam- 1-185. Sample containing about 38866 ple containing about 39997 words from words from a book (domain: natural a book (domain: social science) sciences) H89 City of djinns. Dalrymple, William, H8L City of gold and shadows. Peters, El- HarperCollins, London (1993). Sample lis, Headline Book Publishing plc, Lon- containing about 42700 words from a don (1989), 1-125. Sample containing book (domain: leisure) about 40254 words from a book (do- H8B Clerical errors. Greenwood, D M, main: imaginative) Headline (1991), 31-151. Sample con- H8M Underground. James, Russell, Victor taining about 36921 words from a book Gollancz Ltd, London (1989), 44-169. (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 47566 words H8C Europe in the eighteenth century 1713- from a book (domain: imaginative) 1783. Anderson, M S, Longman Group H8N Her living image. Rogers, Jane, Faber UK Ltd, Harlow (1987), 160-254. Sam- & Faber Ltd, London (1990), 55-187. ple containing about 38971 words from Sample containing about 43187 words a book (domain: world affairs) from a book (domain: imaginative) H8D The education fact file. Hales, H8P Sherlock Holmes short stories: Oxford Margaret, Mackinnon, Donald, Cath- Bookworms edition. West, Clare, Ox- cart, Heather and Statham, Hodder ford University Press, Oxford (1989), & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent 1-38. Sample containing about 6980 (1991), 4-174. Sample containing about words from a book (domain: imagina- 44598 words from a book (domain: so- tive) cial science) H8R Selected poems 1957-1981. Hughes, H8E Financial markets and institutions. Ted, Faber & Faber Ltd, London Howells, P G A and Bain, K, Longman (1982), 35-235. Sample containing Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1990). Sample about 26046 words from a book (do- containing about 32889 words from a main: imaginative) book (domain: commerce) H8S Hunter’s harem. Rees, Eleanor, Mills H8F Forgotten fire. Mansell, Joanna, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1992). & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1992). Sample containing about 55933 words Sample containing about 54007 words from a book (domain: imaginative) from a book (domain: imaginative) H8T Into the blue. Goddard, Robert, 12. List of works excerpted 227

Transworld Publishers Ltd, London from a book (domain: imaginative) (1990), 119-225. Sample containing H95 Murder at the masque. Myers, Amy, about 45739 words from a book (do- Headline Book Publishing plc, Lon- main: imaginative) don (1991), 63-198. Sample containing H8U Interpreting the landscape. Aston, about 41804 words from a book (do- Michael, BT Batsford Ltd, London main: imaginative) (1992), 21-118. Sample containing H97 Miracles can happen. Howard, about 41805 words from a book (do- Stephanie, Mills & Boon, Richmond, main: social science) Surrey (1992). Sample containing H8V Modern literary theory. Jefferson, Ann about 49296 words from a book (do- and Robey, David, BT Batsford Ltd, main: imaginative) London (1986). Sample containing H98 The Nightingale Gallery. Harding, about 44510 words from a book (do- Paul, Headline Book Publishing plc, main: arts) London (1992), 75-226. Sample con- H8W [Access course essays]. Woodall, Ju- taining about 43746 words from a book lia R, u.p.. Sample containing about (domain: imaginative) 14990 words of unpublished miscel- H99 Organizing knowledge. Rowley, Jen- lanea (domain: social science) nifer E, Ashgate Publishing Ltd, Alder- H8X Legacy of love. Harvey, Caroline, shot (1992), 157-293. Sample contain- Transworld Publishers Ltd, London ing about 37095 words from a book (do- (1992), 173-309. Sample containing main: applied science) about 46650 words from a book (do- H9A Oxford Economic Papers. Oxford Uni- main: imaginative) versity Press, Oxford (1993-01), 5-129. H8Y Little victims. Barnard, Robert, Corgi Sample containing about 32566 words Books, London (1993), 5-150. Sample from a periodical (domain: commerce) containing about 43491 words from a H9C The prince of darkness. Doherty, P C, book (domain: imaginative) Headline Book Publishing plc, London H90 The grail murders. Clynes, Michael, (1992). Sample containing about 47412 Headline Book Publishing plc, Lon- words from a book (domain: imagina- don (1993), 77-219. Sample containing tive) about 44368 words from a book (do- H9D Posthumous papers. Barnard, Robert, main: imaginative) Corgi Books, London (1992), 36-171. H91 A treaty too far. Spicer, Michael, Sample containing about 45301 words Fourth Estate, London (1992), 56-200. from a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 42541 words H9E Escape from Planet Zog. Davies, from a book (domain: world affairs) Paul, Oxford University Press, Ox- H92 Murder unprompted. Brett, Simon, Fu- ford (1992), 2-29. Sample containing tura Publications Ltd, UK (1984), 45- about 2587 words from a book (domain: 170. Sample containing about 41970 imaginative) words from a book (domain: imagina- H9F Political sociology. Bottomore, Tom, tive) Pluto Press, London (1993), 12-109. H93 The magician. Escott, John, Oxford Sample containing about 42131 words University Press, Oxford (1993), 2-21. from a book (domain: social science) Sample containing about 1820 words H9G Persephone. Joseph, Jenny, Blood- from a book (domain: imaginative) axe books ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne H94 Mask of deception. Wood, Sara, Mills (1986), 117-260. Sample containing & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). about 44692 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 58450 words main: imaginative) 228 12. List of works excerpted

H9H A private arrangement. Darcy, Lil- H9U Ghost stories: Oxford Bookworms edi- ian, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey tion. Border, Rosemary, Oxford Uni- (1993). Sample containing about 56115 versity Press, Oxford (1989), 1-86. words from a book (domain: imagina- Sample containing about 21569 words tive) from a book (domain: imaginative) H9J Lectures on public economics. Stiglitz, H9V A stranger’s trust. Richmond, Emma, Joseph E and Atkinson, Anthony B, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey McGraw-Hill Book Company, Maiden- (1991). Sample containing about 46154 head (1980), 200-316. Sample contain- words from a book (domain: imagina- ing about 39439 words from a book (do- tive) main: commerce) H9W The Lumsden baby. Roe, C F, H9L Ransacked heart. Bauling, Jane, Mills Headline Book Publishing plc, Lon- & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). don (1990), 77-223. Sample containing Sample containing about 55575 words about 42909 words from a book (do- from a book (domain: imaginative) main: imaginative) H9M Rational expectations in macroeco- H9X T S Eliot: a friendship. Tomlin, Fred- nomics. Attfield, C L F, Demery, D and erick, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, Duck, N W, Basil Blackwell Ltd, Ox- London (1988), 50-174. Sample con- ford (1991). Sample containing about taining about 37705 words from a book 43910 words from a book (domain: (domain: world affairs) commerce) H9Y Thank you for having me. Lipman, H9N The redundancy of courage. Mo, Tim- Maureen, Robson Books Ltd, London othy, Chatto & Windus Ltd, London (1990), 57-188. Sample containing (1991), 315-408. Sample containing about 47961 words from a book (do- about 39136 words from a book (do- main: arts) main: imaginative) HA0 A tupolev too far. Aldiss, Brian, H9P Sweet death come softly. Whitehead, HarperCollins, London (1993), 35-159. Barbara, Headline Book Publishing plc, Sample containing about 44584 words London (1993), 79-229. Sample con- from a book (domain: imaginative) taining about 39955 words from a book HA1 Underground: the London alternative (domain: imaginative) press. Fountain, Nigel, Routledge & H9R Structural methods in inorganic chem- Kegan Paul plc, London (1988), 1-94. istry. Rankin, David W H, Cradock, Sample containing about 44358 words Stephen and Ebsworth, E A V, Black- from a book (domain: commerce) well Scientific Publications, Oxford HA2 Unholy ghosts. Greenwood, D M, (1991). Sample containing about 40037 Headline Book Publishing plc, London words from a book (domain: natural (1991), 1-142. Sample containing about sciences) 43843 words from a book (domain: H9S Techniques in sedimentology. Tucker, imaginative) Maurice, Blackwell Scientific Publica- HA3 The colour of magic. Pratchett, Terry, tions, Oxford (1988), 63-190. Sample Colin Smythe Ltd, Gerrards Cross containing about 42642 words from a (1983), 7-141. Sample containing about book (domain: natural sciences) 46464 words from a book (domain: H9T The sea skater. Dunmore, Helen, imaginative) Bloodaxe books ltd, Newcastle upon HA4 An unsuitable attachment. Pym, Bar- Tyne (1986), 12-72. Sample containing bara, Pan Macmillan Publishers, Lon- about 8326 words from a book (domain: don (1993), 13-154. Sample containing imaginative) about 44445 words from a book (do- 12. List of works excerpted 229

main: imaginative) (1993 May-June). Sample containing HA5 Viking magic. Wells, Angela, Mills & about 8791 words of miscellanea (do- Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). Sam- main: commerce) ple containing about 55373 words from HAL Scotch whisky. u.p.. Sample contain- a book (domain: imaginative) ing about 1676 words of miscellanea HA6 The waters of Eden. Neil, Joanna, (domain: applied science) Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey HAM Don’t take our British spirit for (1993). Sample containing about 50291 granted. u.p.. Sample containing about words from a book (domain: imagina- 1496 words of miscellanea (domain: tive) applied science) HA7 A warning of magic. Kingston, HAN Scotch whisky. u.p.. Sample contain- Kate, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey ing about 1362 words of miscellanea (1993). Sample containing about 56850 (domain: applied science) words from a book (domain: imagina- HAP Wood News. u.p.. Sample containing tive) about 8666 words of unpublished mis- HA9 Winter challenge. Mills & Boon, Rich- cellanea (domain: social science) mond, Surrey (1993). Sample contain- HAR Wood News. u.p.. Sample containing ing about 53623 words from a book (do- about 10403 words of unpublished mis- main: imaginative) cellanea (domain: social science) HAB The Embalmer. British Institute HAS John Wood Group Employee Report of Embalmers, Knebworth (1993-12). 1992. u.p.. Sample containing about Sample containing about 12182 words 4165 words of unpublished miscellanea from a periodical (domain: applied sci- (domain: social science) ence) HAT The Gusher. u.p.. Sample containing HAC [Articles from Practical PC]. Taylor, about 3463 words of unpublished mis- Jennifer (ed.), HHL Publishing group, cellanea (domain: social science) London (1992-11 / 93-02). Sample con- HAU Atomic Energy Authority Times. The taining about 197450 words from a pe- Atomic Energy Authority (1993-09). riodical (domain: applied science) Sample containing about 10957 words HAD Women’s Art Magazine. Townsend, from a periodical (domain: world af- S, Women artists slide library, Lon- fairs) don (1993-19-19). Sample containing HAV Atomic Energy Authority Culham and about 18705 words from a periodical Harwell News. u.p.. Sample containing (domain: arts) about 3054 words of unpublished mis- HAE The Sunday People. Morgan, Ken- cellanea (domain: social science) neth O, Oxford University Press, Ox- HAW Winfrith Journal. u.p.. Sample con- ford (1990). Sample containing about taining about 4181 words of unpub- 72653 words from a periodical (do- lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- main: leisure) ence) HAF The Sunday People. u.p. (1990). Sam- HAX Dounreay Newsletter. u.p.. Sample ple containing about 20287 words from containing about 2592 words of unpub- a periodical (domain: world affairs) lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- HAJ [Law Society Publicity]. u.p.. Sample ence) containing about 43794 words of un- HAY Atomic Energy Authority News for the published miscellanea (domain: social Process Industries. u.p.. Sample con- science) taining about 4334 words of unpub- HAK BAIE News for communicators in lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- business. Hardman Press, Dorking ence) 230 12. List of works excerpted

HB0 Atomic Energy Authority Gazette. u.p.. HBB [Waterford Wedgwood reports & ac- Sample containing about 4670 words of counts 1992]. u.p.. Sample containing unpublished miscellanea (domain: so- about 8303 words of unpublished mis- cial science) cellanea (domain: arts) HB1 The story of Atomic Energy Authority HBC Newsline for the Wedgwood Group. Technology from national mission to in- u.p.. Sample containing about 13644 ternational. u.p.. Sample containing words of unpublished miscellanea (do- about 3654 words of unpublished mis- main: arts) cellanea (domain: social science) HBD Newsline for the Wedgwood Group. HB2 BPXpress. British Petroleum plc. u.p.. Sample containing about 9153 Sample containing about 28905 words words of unpublished miscellanea (do- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- main: arts) ence) HBE Newsline for the Wedgwood Group. HB3 [General Accident miscellaneous doc- u.p.. Sample containing about 8438 uments – Claims]. General Accident. words of unpublished miscellanea (do- Sample containing about 25428 words main: arts) of unpublished miscellanea (domain: HBG [Rentokil publications]. u.p.. Sam- social science) ple containing about 8603 words of un- HB4 [General Accident miscellaneous doc- published miscellanea (domain: com- uments]. General Accident. Sample merce) containing about 29214 words of un- HBH Environmental Issues [Rentokil com- published miscellanea (domain: social pany newsletter]. Rentokil. Sample science) containing about 16193 words from a HB5 [General Accident miscellaneous doc- periodical (domain: commerce) uments]. General Accident. Sample HBJ Environmental Issues [Rentokil com- containing about 27941 words of un- pany newsletter]. Rentokil. Sample published miscellanea (domain: social containing about 14899 words from a science) periodical (domain: commerce) HB6 [General Accident miscellaneous doc- HBK [Scottish Nuclear: miscellaneous doc- uments]. General Accident. Sample uments]. Scottish Nuclear, Scotland. containing about 16062 words of un- Sample containing about 22335 words published miscellanea (domain: social of unpublished miscellanea (domain: science) natural sciences) HB7 Wedgwood product range. u.p.. Sam- HBM [Scotvec (Scottish Vocational Educa- ple containing about 678 words of un- tion Council) publications]. u.p.. Sam- published miscellanea (domain: arts) ple containing about 46343 words of HB8 The history of Wedgwood. u.p.. Sam- unpublished miscellanea (domain: so- ple containing about 1256 words of un- cial science) published miscellanea (domain: arts) HBN [Scotvec (Scottish Vocational Educa- HB9 [Wedgwood Group: environmental tion Council) advanced courses]. u.p.. policy]. u.p.. Sample containing about Sample containing about 24693 words 2016 words of unpublished miscellanea of unpublished miscellanea (domain: (domain: arts) social science) HBA [Wedgwood Group: miscellaneous HBP [Educational certification: miscella- documents: letter from Price Water- neous documents]. u.p.. Sample house]. u.p.. Sample containing about containing about 29099 words of un- 128 words of unpublished miscellanea published miscellanea (domain: com- (domain: arts) merce) 12. List of works excerpted 231

HBR National Library of Scotland annual cellanea (domain: social science) report 1990-1991. National Library of HC4 Hospitality. Hotel Catering & Inst. Scotland ([1991]), 3-29. Sample con- Manag., London (1993-19-19). Sample taining about 13318 words of unpub- containing about 18816 words of mis- lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- cellanea (domain: social science) ence) HC5 Royal Institute of British Architects an- HBS National Library of Scotland. National nual report and accounts. u.p.. Sample library of Scotland, Scotland (1993). containing about 11080 words of un- Sample containing about 6032 words of published miscellanea (domain: social unpublished miscellanea (domain: so- science) cial science) HC6 Spotlights. u.p.. Sample containing HBT Becoming an actuary. u.p.. Sam- about 3355 words of miscellanea (do- ple containing about 2502 words of un- main: social science) published miscellanea (domain: com- HC7 Spotlights. u.p.. Sample containing merce) about 3048 words of miscellanea (do- HBU UK actuarial profession 1992 annual main: social science) review. u.p.. Sample containing about HC8 Spotlights. u.p.. Sample containing 3312 words of unpublished miscellanea about 3657 words of miscellanea (do- (domain: commerce) main: social science) HBV UK actuarial profession 1991 annual HC9 Spotlights. u.p.. Sample containing review. u.p.. Sample containing about about 1853 words of miscellanea (do- 2739 words of unpublished miscellanea main: social science) (domain: commerce) HCA Spotlights. u.p.. Sample containing HBW Institute of Actuaries Education Ser- about 4417 words of miscellanea (do- vice: Tutors’ handbook 1990/91. u.p.. main: social science) Sample containing about 2146 words HCB Spotlights. u.p.. Sample containing of unpublished miscellanea (domain: about 3590 words of miscellanea (do- commerce) main: social science) HBX AES Tuition Noticeboard. u.p.. Sam- HCC Observations: an information ex- ple containing about 1431 words of un- change for teacher researchers. u.p.. published miscellanea (domain: com- Sample containing about 6996 words of merce) miscellanea (domain: social science) HBY Institute of Actuaries: Proceedings. HCD Observations: an information ex- u.p.. Sample containing about 217 change for teacher researchers. u.p.. words of unpublished miscellanea (do- Sample containing about 5530 words of main: commerce) miscellanea (domain: social science) HC0 CA News. u.p.. Sample containing HCE SCRE Newsletter. u.p.. Sample con- about 4423 words of unpublished mis- taining about 9666 words of miscel- cellanea (domain: commerce) lanea (domain: social science) HC1 CA News. u.p.. Sample containing HCG University of Stirling annual report about 23913 words of unpublished mis- 1991-1992. u.p.. Sample containing cellanea (domain: commerce) about 5984 words of unpublished mis- HC2 CA News. u.p.. Sample containing cellanea (domain: social science) about 24149 words of unpublished mis- HCH Edit [alumni magazine]: Issue 1 Jan- cellanea (domain: commerce) uary 1992. u.p.. Sample containing HC3 Hospitality. Hotel Catering & Inst. about 8873 words from a periodical Manag., London (1993-19-19). Sample (domain: belief and thought) containing about 16918 words of mis- HCJ Edit [alumni magazine] Issue 2. u.p. 232 12. List of works excerpted

(n.d.), pp3-8. Sample containing about merce) 7404 words from a periodical (domain: HCX IBOA Newssheet. u.p.. Sample belief and thought) containing about 7641 words of un- HCK Edit [alumni magazine] Issue 3. u.p. published miscellanea (domain: com- (n.d.), 12-34. Sample containing about merce) 7349 words from a periodical (domain: HCY IBOA Newssheet. u.p.. Sample belief and thought) containing about 5739 words of un- HCL [Employment service]. u.p.. Sample published miscellanea (domain: com- containing about 14967 words of un- merce) published miscellanea (domain: social HD0 [Minutes: Juniper Green Village As- science) sociation]. u.p.. Sample containing HCM The annual report and accounts of the about 12518 words of unpublished mis- Law Society May 1992-. u.p.. Sample cellanea (domain: social science) containing about 4254 words of unpub- HD1 [Minutes: Juniper Green Village As- lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- sociation]. u.p.. Sample containing ence) about 12065 words of unpublished mis- HCN Welcome. Historic Scotland, Edin- cellanea (domain: social science) burgh (1992/1993). Sample containing HD2 Lothian Regional Council. u.p.. Sam- about 4957 words of miscellanea (do- ple containing about 56447 words of main: world affairs) unpublished miscellanea (domain: so- HCP Welcome. Historic Scotland, Edin- cial science) burgh (1992/1993). Sample containing HD3 [Personal letters]. u.p.. Sample con- about 5829 words of miscellanea (do- taining about 5346 words of unpub- main: world affairs) lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) HCR Welcome. Historic Scotland, Edin- HD4 [Personal letters]. u.p.. Sample con- burgh (1992/1993). Sample containing taining about 13349 words of unpub- about 5993 words of miscellanea (do- lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) main: world affairs) HD5 [Academic essay on communications HCS Saddle Mews Residents’ Association. theory and linguistics]. u.p. (n.d.), Saddle Mews residents association. 3-16. Sample containing about 5151 Sample containing about 3516 words of words of unpublished miscellanea (do- unpublished miscellanea (domain: so- main: social science) cial science) HD6 [Creative writing by schoolgirls: prose HCT The Scottish Council: Development and verse]. u.p.. Sample containing and industry. u.p.. Sample containing about 11134 words of unpublished mis- about 8359 words of unpublished mis- cellanea (domain: imaginative) cellanea (domain: social science) HD7 [Creative writing: prose]. Robertson, HCU IBOA Newssheet. u.p.. Sample Angela, u.p., 1-89. Sample containing containing about 7021 words of un- about 30962 words of unpublished mis- published miscellanea (domain: com- cellanea (domain: social science) merce) HD8 [English Literature Papers]. Robert- HCV IBOA Newssheet. u.p.. Sample son, Angela, u.p.. Sample containing containing about 6319 words of un- about 10800 words of unpublished mis- published miscellanea (domain: com- cellanea (domain: social science) merce) HD9 [Creative writing: verse]. u.p.. Sam- HCW IBOA Newssheet. u.p.. Sample ple containing about 858 words of un- containing about 4575 words of un- published miscellanea (domain: imagi- published miscellanea (domain: com- native) 12. List of works excerpted 233

HDA [School essays]. u.p.. Sample contain- PS22P retired, male ing about 9557 words of unpublished Sample containing about 11633 words miscellanea (domain: leisure) speech recorded in leisure context HDB [Children’s writing]. u.p.. Sample HDN Trade Union Annual Congress: trade containing about 17724 words of un- union congress. published miscellanea (domain: imag- PS2DU ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male inative) PS2DV ‘Jim’, deputy lord mayor, male PS2DW ‘John’, general secretary of trade union, HDC [Creative writing: prose]. u.p.. male Sample containing about 35530 words PS2DX ‘Steve’, trade unionist, male of unpublished miscellanea (domain: PS2DY ‘John’, trade unionist, male PS2E0 ‘Hughie’, trade unionist, male imaginative) PS2E1 ‘Peggy’, trade unionist, female HDD Confirmation meeting on the gift of the PS2E2 ‘Eric’, trade unionist, male Holy Spirit: church meeting. PS2E3 ‘Giles’, member of parliament, male PS1RN 45, ‘Kay’, notary, female Sample containing about 8856 words PS1RP 49, ‘Jim’, lay pastoral assistant, male speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 6965 words HDP Trade Union Annual Congress: trade speech recorded in public context union congress. HDE Enterprise Two Thousand: seminar. PS2E4 ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS1TC ‘Garry’, software consultant, male PS2E5 ‘Ken’, trade unionist, male PS1TD ‘Phil’, software consultant, male PS2E6 ‘Mary’, trade unionist, female PS1TE ‘John’, software consultant, male PS2E7 ‘ED’, trade unionist, male PS1TH ‘Huw’, software consultant, male PS2E8 ‘John’, trade unionist, male PS1TJ ‘Helen’, course administrator, female PS2E9 ‘Bernie’, trade unionist, male PS2EA ‘Bill’, trade unionist, male Sample containing about 6741 words PS2EB ‘Charlie’, trade unionist, male speech recorded in business context PS2EC ‘Dennis’, trade unionist, male HDH Suffolk Sound Archive oral history Sample containing about 8030 words project: interview. speech recorded in business context PS22A ‘Joyce’, female HDR Trade Union Annual Congress: trade PS22B retired, male union congress. Sample containing about 5383 words PS2ES trade unionist speech recorded in leisure context PS2ET ‘Frank’, trade unionist, male PS2EU ‘John’, trade unionist, male HDJ Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. PS2EV ‘ED’, trade unionist, male PS22G , female PS2EW ‘John’, trade unionist, male PS22H 87, ‘Ivy’, retired catering manageress, fe- PS2EX ‘John’, trade unionist, male male PS2EY ‘Maureen’, trade unionist, female Sample containing about 8031 words HDRPS000 speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 8752 words HDK Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. speech recorded in business context PS22J , female HDS Trade Union Annual Congress: trade PS22K 87, ‘Ivy’, retired catering manageress, fe- union congress. male PS2FS trade unionist Sample containing about 6286 words Sample containing about 750 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in business context HDL Suffolk Sound Archive – Ipswich HDT Trade Union Annual Congress: trade Transport Project: interview. union congress. PS22L , male PS2FT trade unionist PS22M 71, ‘Albert’, retired transport administra- PS2FU ‘Alan’, trade unionist, male tor, male PS2FV ‘Donald’, trade unionist, male Sample containing about 11756 words PS2FW ‘Dave’, trade unionist, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2FX ‘Les’, trade unionist, male PS2FY ‘Charlie’, trade unionist, male HDM Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. PS2G0 ‘Steve’, trade unionist, female PS22N , female PS2G1 ‘Sammy’, trade unionist, male 234 12. List of works excerpted

PS2G2 ‘Peter’, trade unionist, male PS2R8 ‘David Koresh’, religious leader, This is almost certainly David Koresh speaking, Sample containing about 13646 words butthere’s an outside chance it’s an actor speech recorded in business context portraying him. , male HDU Trade Union Annual Congress: trade PS2R9 ‘John’, tv presenter, male PS2RA ‘Janet’, Davidian, female union congress. PS2RB Davidian, female PS2JD trade unionist PS2RC ‘Livingstone’, Davidian, male PS2JE ‘John’, trade unionist, male PS2RD ‘Bonnie’, female PS2JF ‘Mel’, trade unionist PS2RE , female PS2JG ‘Bill’, trade unionist, male PS2RF May well be an actor portraying a David- PS2JH ‘Ron’, trade unionist, male ian, male PS2JJ ‘Mick’, trade unionist, male PS2RG May well be an actor portraying a David- PS2JK ‘Denise’, trade unionist, female ian, male HDUPS000 HDUPS001 Sample containing about 5880 words Sample containing about 13178 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in business context HE4 Assignment - the legacy of the Brazil- HDV Longman Group UK Ltd Lotus 123 ian gold rush: documentary. PS2S7 40+, ‘Julian Pettifer’, tv presenter, Almost seminar. all his speech is scripted., male PS2MP ‘Graham’, managing director, male PS2S8 60+, ‘Rubens’, brazilian minister for the Sample containing about 8483 words environment, First language is Brazilian Portuguese, male speech recorded in business context PS2S9 scientist, First language is probably HDW Longman Group UK Ltd Lotus 123 Brazilian Portuguese, male seminar. PS2SA ‘Roberto’, First language is Brazilian Portuguese, male PS2MR ‘Graham’, managing director, male Sample containing about 4051 words Sample containing about 6564 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in business context HE5 Public Eye - police cautioning: docu- HDX Longman Group UK Ltd Lotus 123 mentary. seminar. PS2SC 30+, ‘Tricia Lawton’, tv presenter, Most PS2MS ‘Graham’, managing director, male of her speech is scripted., female Sample containing about 5133 words PS2SD police officer?, female speech recorded in business context PS2SE police officer, Cautioning offender, male PS2SF Offender being cautioned, male HDY Careers guidance interview. PS2SG ‘Michael Howard’, cabinet minister (con- PS2MW 50+, ‘Martin’, careers advisor, male servative), male PS2MX 20+, ‘Lente’, student, female PS2SH , male PS2SJ Probably an offender. The transcriber de- Sample containing about 8332 words scribed him as ’Thug’., male speech recorded in educational context PS2SK , male HE0 King’s College London: lecture. HE5PS000 PS2N0 30+, ‘Segal’, lecturer, male Sample containing about 4681 words Sample containing about 6234 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in educational context HE6 The Money Programme: documentary. HE1 London School of Economics: lecture PS2SL 30+, tv presenter, male PS2SM 40+, ‘Richard Branson’, entrepreneur, on the psychoanalytic study of society. male PS2R6 45, lecturer, male PS2SN 20+, ‘Floya’, virgin atlantic stewardess, Sample containing about 7472 words female PS2SP 30+, ‘Tessa Curtis’, tv presenter, Most of speech recorded in educational context her speech is scripted. Report on Virginair- HE2 London School of Economics: lecture. lines. , female PS2R7 45, lecturer, male PS2SR virgin atlantic employee, Announcong over PA., male Sample containing about 7872 words PS2SS 40+, economics expert, male speech recorded in educational context PS2ST 20+, ticket desk receptionist, female PS2SU 40+, ‘John Kay’, airline specialist, male HE3 Panorama: the Branch Davidian sect: PS2SV 30+, virgin atlantic stewardess trainer, fe- documentary. male 12. List of works excerpted 235

Sample containing about 5936 words PS2V2 radio presenter, Interviewer, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2V3 30+, ‘Erlend’, oil rig worker, Interviewee, male HE7 Panorama: documentary. PS2TW 30+, ‘Christopher Hird’, tv presenter, Sample containing about 4824 words male speech recorded in leisure context PS2TX 30+, ‘Robert’, information hacker / pri- vate investigator, male HEF Orkney Sound Archive tape PS2TY 30+, bbc interviewer, male OSA/RO/B: interviews. PS2U0 50+, ‘Rodney’, trade union leader, male PS2V4 ‘Kieran’, lifeboat winchman, Intervie- PS2U1 50+, banking expert, male wee, male PS2U2 40+, bank representative, male PS2V5 radio presenter, Interviewer, female PS2U3 40+, legal expert, male PS2V6 ‘Tony’, lifeboat doctor, Interviewee, male PS2U4 20+, ‘Naomi March’, actress, female PS2V7 ‘Jack’, lifeboat coxswain, Interviewee, PS2U5 30+, ‘Lenny Henry’, comedian/actor, male male PS2V8 ‘David’, lifeboat mechanic, Interviewee, Sample containing about 6239 words male PS2V9 ‘Billy’, lifeboat crewmember, Intervie- speech recorded in leisure context wee, male HE8 Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA 335: PS2VA ‘Angus’, lifeboat crewmember, Intervie- interview for oral history project. wee, male PS2VB 60+, ‘Jackie’, lifeboat secretary, Intervie- PS2UP historian, Interviewer, female wee, male PS2UR 80, ‘Ned’, retired farmer, Interviewee., male Sample containing about 1733 words Sample containing about 5854 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context HEG Orkney Sound Archive tape HE9 Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA 337: OSA/RO/B: interview. interview for oral history project. PS2VC 50+, ‘Marcus’, Interviewee. Organizer of PS2US 20+, historian, Interviewer, female ploughing match., male PS2UT 75+, ‘Davie’, retired surveyor, Intervie- PS2VD radio presenter, Interviewer., female wee., male PS2VE ‘William’, Interviewee, male PS2UU 72, ‘Walter’, retired surveyor, Intervie- PS2VF radio reporter, Interviewer, male wee., male PS2VG ‘Jim’, Interviewee, male Sample containing about 6116 words Sample containing about 2589 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context HEA Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA 55: HEH Orkney Sound Archive tape interview for oral history project. OSA/RO/B: interview. PS2UV 20+, ‘Agnes’, historian, Interviewer, fe- PS2VH 60+, ‘Sandy’, retired technician/inventor, male Interviewee, male PS2UW 50+, ‘David’, Interviewee, male PS2VJ ‘Mike’, radio presenter, Interviewer, male Sample containing about 3013 words Sample containing about 3368 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context HEC Orkney Sound Archive tape HEJ Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA/RO/A: interview. OSA/RO/B: interview. PS2UX 70+, ‘Kitty’, Interviewee, female PS2UY radio presenter, Interviewer, female PS2VK 40+, ‘Jean’, dairy farmer, Interviewee, female Sample containing about 2747 words PS2VL radio presenter, Interviewer, male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 690 words HED Orkney Sound Archive tape speech recorded in leisure context OSA/RO/A: interview. HEK Orkney Sound Archive tape PS2V0 84, ‘Isa’, Interviewee, female PS2V1 30+, radio presenter, Interviewer, female OSA/RO/B: reminiscences. Sample containing about 1996 words PS2VM 70+, ‘Edith’, retired farmer, female speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 487 words HEE Orkney Sound Archive tape speech recorded in leisure context OSA/RO/A: interview on ‘Sharing HEL Gwynedd County Council tape 2: in- Time’ show. terview for oral history project. 236 12. List of works excerpted

PS2VN historian, Interviewer, male HEV Gwynedd County Council tape 15: in- PS2VP 84, retired district nurse, Interviewee, fe- terview for oral history project. male PS2W6 historian, Interviewer, male Sample containing about 4505 words PS2W7 92, ‘Harry’, Interviewee, male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 7763 words HEM Gwynedd County Council tape 4: in- speech recorded in leisure context terview for oral history project. HEW Racing: the Morning Line: television PS2VR 67, ‘John’, farmer, Interviewee, male broadcast. PS2VS historian, Interviewer, male PS2W8 40+, ‘Derek Thompson’, tv presenter, Sample containing about 9996 words Main presenter of the programme, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2W9 30+, ‘Lesley Graham’, tv presen- ter/commentator, female HEN Gwynedd County Council tape 5: in- PS2WA 50+, ‘John Oaksey’, tv presen- terview for oral history project. ter/commentator, male PS2VT historian, Interviewer, male PS2WB 40+, ‘Alastair Down’, sports commenta- PS2VU 30+, ‘Kenneth’, unemployed, Intervie- tor, male wee, male Sample containing about 4586 words Sample containing about 9316 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in leisure context HEX Central News and Weather: television HEP Oral history project: interview. news broadcast. PS2VV 87, ‘Nellie’, retired teacher, female PS2WC 30+, newsreader, female PS2VW interviewer, female PS2WD 20+, ‘Tracy Barden’, weather forecaster, HEPPS000 female HEPPS001 Sample containing about 414 words Sample containing about 16600 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in leisure context HEY The Central Match - Goals Extra: HER Gwynedd County Council tape 11: in- Sports report broadcast. terview for oral history project. PS2WE 40+, ‘Bob Hall’, tv presenter, Link man, PS2VX 79, retired forestry worker, Interviewee, male male PS2WF 30+, ‘Phil’, sports reporter, male PS2VY historian, Interviewer, male PS2WG 30+, ‘Dennis’, sports reporter, male Sample containing about 7866 words PS2WH -82+, ‘Keith’, sports reporter, male PS2WJ 40+, ‘Tim’, sports reporter, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2WK 40+, sports reporter, male HES Gwynedd County Council tape 12: in- Sample containing about 938 words terview for oral history project. speech recorded in educational context PS2W0 60+, ‘Evan John’, mechanical engineer, Interviewee, male HF0 Central Lobby: television broadcast. PS2W1 historian, Interviewer, male PS2WL 40+, ‘Judy Laybourn’, tv presenter, fe- male Sample containing about 7751 words PS2WM 30+, ‘Andrew Fox’, reporter, Football speech recorded in leisure context security story., male PS2WN 40+, ‘Peter Snape’, member of parlia- HET Gwynedd County Council tape 13: in- ment, Football security story., male terview for oral history project. PS2WP 30+, ‘John Williams’, researcher, Foot- PS2W2 historian, Interviewer, male ball security story., male PS2W3 76, ‘Aled’, entrepreneur, Interviewee, PS2WR 40+, ‘Bob Jones’, police chief superin- male tendent, Football security story, male PS2WS 50+, ‘Keith Pearson’, football club sec- Sample containing about 7192 words retary, Football security story., male speech recorded in leisure context PS2WT 40+, ‘Richard Faulkner’, football trust HEU Gwynedd County Council tape 14: in- representative, Football security story., male terview for oral history project. PS2WU 40+, undercover police officer, Football PS2W4 historian, Interviewer, male security story., male PS2W5 93, ‘Richard (dick)’, retired seaman, In- PS2WV 40+, police sergeant, Football security terviewee, male story., male Sample containing about 8098 words Sample containing about 3576 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in educational context 12. List of works excerpted 237

HF1 Central News: television news broad- HGH In search of English: a traveller’s cast. guide. Crystal, David, u.p.. Sample PS2X4 30+, ‘Mike Morley’, newsreader, male containing about 7420 words of unpub- PS2X5 50+, ‘Dave Johnson’, police detective su- lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- perintendent, Story about murder of busi- nessman, male ence) PS2X6 60+, pensioner, Story about Christmas HGJ Darcy’s Utopia. Weldon, Fay, lights, female Flamingo, London (1991). Sample PS2X7 30+, ‘Marie Ashby’, newsreader, female PS2X8 ‘Mike Rowbottom’, reporter, Story about containing about 42779 words from a attack on Asian family, male book (domain: imaginative) PS2X9 30+, shopkeeper, Crime victim in story about attack on Asian family., male HGK Dark sunlight. Wilson, Patricia, Mills PS2XA police officer, Story about attack on & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). Asian family., male Sample containing about 60715 words PS2XB ‘Jane Saggars’, reporter, Story about murder of businessman., female from a book (domain: imaginative) PS2XC ‘John Mitchell’, reporter, Story about hit HGL Deliria. Hall, Albyn Leah, Serpent’s and run., male Tail, London (1993), 1-125. Sample Sample containing about 3143 words containing about 40843 words from a speech recorded in educational context book (domain: imaginative) HF2 Gwynedd County Council tape 17: in- HGM Driven by love. McCallum, Kristy, terview for oral history project. Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey PS2Y3 65, ‘Dafydd’, miner, Interviewee. Trea- (1993). Sample containing about 50818 surer of the Ffestiniog slate dispute., male words from a book (domain: imagina- PS2Y4 30+, historian, Interviewer, male tive) Sample containing about 7865 words HGN The dyke & the dybbuk. Galford, speech recorded in leisure context Ellen, Virago Press Ltd, London (1993), HF3 Gwynedd County Council tape 3: in- 98-245. Sample containing about terview for oral history project. 47032 words from a book (domain: PS2Y5 74, retired shopkeeper, Interviewee, fe- imaginative) male PS2Y6 historian, Interviewer, male HGP Economics. Begg, David, Fis- cher, Stanley and Dornbusch, Rudiger, Sample containing about 9682 words McGraw-Hill Book Company, Maiden- speech recorded in leisure context head (1991). Sample containing about HGD A healing fire. Wilson, Patricia, Mills 45806 words from a book (domain: & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). commerce) Sample containing about 60801 words HGR Large vocabulary syntactic analy- from a book (domain: imaginative) sis for text recognition [PhD Thesis]. HGE An American princess. Marshall, Keenan, Frank, [Unpublished PhD The- Paula, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey sis] (1993). Sample containing about (1993). Sample containing about 78843 43795 words of unpublished miscel- words from a book (domain: imagina- lanea (domain: applied science) tive) HGS Frankenstein unbound. Aldiss, Brian, HGF I believe in angels. Cooper, Fiona, New English Library, Sevenoaks Serpent’s Tail, London (1993), 1-128. (1991). Sample containing about 44675 Sample containing about 41166 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: imaginative) tive) HGG A bloody field by Shrewsbury. Par- HGT Garden of desire. Martin, Laura, Mills geter, Edith, Headline Book Publishing & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). plc, London (1989), 31-163. Sample Sample containing about 67546 words containing about 45986 words from a from a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: imaginative) 238 12. List of works excerpted

HGU The Laughter of Heroes. Neale, plc, London (1993), 1-144. Sample Johnathan, Serpent’s Tail, London containing about 42146 words from a (1993), 1-123. Sample containing about book (domain: imaginative) 33908 words from a book (domain: HH6 The Which? book of plumbing and imaginative) central heating. Holloway, David, Con- HGV Hidden flame. Bailey, Elizabeth, Mills sumers’ Association, London (1992), 8- & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). 95. Sample containing about 43414 Sample containing about 77874 words words from a book (domain: applied from a book (domain: imaginative) science) HGW Home design. Gilliatt, Mary, Little, HH7 Sale of goods and consumer credit. Brown & Company, London (1992), 8- Dobson, A P, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd, 183. Sample containing about 38105 London (1989), 1-114. Sample con- words from a book (domain: arts) taining about 44737 words from a book HGX Microprocessor based measurement (domain: commerce) of plant growth. Lucas, Keith, u.p.. HH8 Tower of shadows. Craven, Sara, Mills Sample containing about 27909 words & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). of unpublished miscellanea (domain: Sample containing about 49325 words applied science) from a book (domain: imaginative) HGY Love of my heart. Richmond, Emma, HH9 Tortoise by candlelight. Bawden, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey Nina, Virago Press Ltd, London (1989). (1993). Sample containing about 51646 Sample containing about 43440 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: imaginative) tive) HHA Only two can share. Murray, Annabel, HH0 Lucker and Tiffany peel out. Mild- Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey may, Eroica, Serpent’s Tail, London (1993). Sample containing about 52558 (1993), 57-181. Sample containing words from a book (domain: imagina- about 42601 words from a book (do- tive) main: imaginative) HHB Wilder’s wilderness. Macgregor, HH1 My enemy, my love. Byrne, Julia, Mills Miriam, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Sur- & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). rey (1993). Sample containing about Sample containing about 87955 words 61703 words from a book (domain: from a book (domain: imaginative) imaginative) HH2 Markets. Levacic, Rosalind, Thomp- HHC Wychwood. Thompson, E V, Headline son, Mitchell, Jeremy and Frances, Jen- Book Publishing plc, London (1992). nifer, Sage Publications Ltd, London Sample containing about 40942 words (1993), 21-118. Sample containing from a book (domain: imaginative) about 42623 words from a book (do- HHD Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- main: commerce) nal. Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s castle rail- HH3 New Internationalist. u.p.. Sample way society (1990). Sample containing containing about 251456 words from a about 2576 words of miscellanea (do- periodical (domain: world affairs) main: commerce) HH4 New latitudes. Healy, Thomas, Hod- HHE Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- der & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, Kent nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s (1992), 7-124. Sample containing about castle railway society (1990). Sample 40463 words from a book (domain: containing about 4389 words of miscel- arts) lanea (domain: commerce) HH5 The poisoned chalice. Clynes, HHF Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- Michael, Headline Book Publishing nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s 12. List of works excerpted 239

castle railway society (1990). Sample HHS Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- containing about 5997 words of miscel- nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s lanea (domain: commerce) castle railway society (1990). Sample HHG Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- containing about 6939 words of miscel- nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s lanea (domain: commerce) castle railway society (1990). Sample HHT Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- containing about 4883 words of miscel- nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s lanea (domain: commerce) castle railway society (1990). Sample HHH Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- containing about 6467 words of miscel- nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s lanea (domain: commerce) castle railway society (1990). Sample HHU Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- containing about 4874 words of miscel- nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s lanea (domain: commerce) castle railway society (1990). Sample HHJ Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- containing about 4458 words of miscel- nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s lanea (domain: commerce) castle railway society (1990). Sample HHV [Hansard extracts 1991-1992]. containing about 4214 words of miscel- HMSO, London (1992). Sample con- lanea (domain: commerce) taining about 437508 words of miscel- HHK Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- lanea (domain: world affairs) nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s HHW [Hansard extracts 1991-1992]. castle railway society (1990). Sample HMSO, London (1992). Sample con- containing about 4456 words of miscel- taining about 292389 words of miscel- lanea (domain: commerce) lanea (domain: world affairs) HHL Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- HHX [Hansard extracts 1991-1992]. nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s HMSO, London (1992). Sample con- castle railway society (1990). Sample taining about 410370 words of miscel- containing about 4600 words of miscel- lanea (domain: world affairs) lanea (domain: commerce) HHY Rapid – ESRC grant abstracts. u.p.. HHM Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Sample containing about 59581 words Journal. et al and Lucas, Keith, of miscellanea (domain: social science) Bishop’s castle railway society (1990). HJ0 Rapid – ESRC grant abstracts. u.p.. Sample containing about 6675 words of Sample containing about 199735 words miscellanea (domain: commerce) of miscellanea (domain: social science) HHN Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- HJ1 Rapid – ESRC grant abstracts. u.p.. nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s Sample containing about 194081 words castle railway society (1990). Sample of miscellanea (domain: social science) containing about 7055 words of miscel- HJ2 Rapid – ESRC grant abstracts. u.p.. lanea (domain: commerce) Sample containing about 43679 words HHP Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- of miscellanea (domain: social science) nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s HJ3 The Belfast Telegraph. u.p.. Sample castle railway society (1990). Sample containing about 165406 words from a containing about 4422 words of miscel- periodical (domain: world affairs) lanea (domain: commerce) HJ4 The Belfast Telegraph. u.p.. Sample HHR Bishop’s Castle Railway Society Jour- containing about 200828 words from a nal. et al and Lucas, Keith, Bishop’s periodical (domain: world affairs) castle railway society (1990). Sample HJ5 KPMG MAS engagement manual. containing about 5631 words of miscel- KPMG, London (1993). Sample con- lanea (domain: commerce) taining about 120652 words of un- 240 12. List of works excerpted

published miscellanea (domain: com- HJH Her living image. Rogers, Jane, Faber merce) & Faber Ltd, London (1990), 55-171. HJ6 The red triangle [Alumni Newsletter, Sample containing about 46429 words Napier University]. External Relations from a book (domain: imaginative) Unit, Napier University. Sample con- HJJ Looking for an outdoor activity?. taining about 5117 words from a peri- British Trust for Conservation. Sample odical (domain: world affairs) containing about 344 words of miscel- HJ7 Journal of the Law Society of Scot- lanea (domain: leisure) land. Law Society’s Hall, Edinburgh HJK Pampers and the environment (letter). (1975-04), 115-150. Sample containing u.p.. Sample containing about 261 about 32692 words from a periodical words of miscellanea (domain: applied (domain: social science) science) HJ8 [Collected letters of the Scottish Sports HJL [People’s Trust for Endangered Council]. u.p.. Sample containing Species]. u.p.. Sample containing about about 12721 words of unpublished mis- 560 words of miscellanea (domain: cellanea (domain: leisure) imaginative) HJ9 [Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh: HJM WWF News. World-wide fund for na- miscellaneous documents]. u.p.. Sam- ture, UK (1989). Sample containing ple containing about 31562 words of about 17030 words of miscellanea (do- unpublished miscellanea (domain: so- main: world affairs) cial science) HJN [Publisher’s advertising brochure]. HJA [Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh: Longman UK Ltd. Sample containing miscellaneous documents]. Royal about 1039 words of miscellanea (do- Botanic garden, Edinburgh, Scotland main: applied science) (1985- date marked). Sample contain- HJP [Publisher’s advertising brochure]. ing about 51696 words of unpublished Longman. Sample containing about miscellanea (domain: social science) 857 words of miscellanea (domain: HJB [Edinburgh District Council: assorted applied science) press releases]. u.p.. Sample contain- HJR [Publisher’s advertising brochure]. ing about 6341 words of miscellanea u.p.. A colour atlas of infectious dis- (domain: social science) eases. Sample containing about 350 HJC [Unpublished creative writing : words of miscellanea (domain: applied prose]. u.p. (n.d.), 1-75. Sample science) containing about 28916 words of un- HJS [Advertising leaflet for Nycomed]. u.p.. published miscellanea (domain: imagi- Splendid isolation. Sample containing native) about 148 words of miscellanea (do- HJD [Unpublished creative writing]. Wil- main: applied science) son, Howard, u.p.. Sample containing HJT Research Defence Society. u.p.. Sam- about 45196 words of unpublished mis- ple containing about 764 words of mis- cellanea (domain: imaginative) cellanea (domain: applied science) HJE Coarse Fisherman. Metrocrest Ltd, HJU RDS: Medical progress for man and UK (1989-10). Sample containing animals. u.p.. Sample containing about about 24547 words from a periodical 295 words of miscellanea (domain: ap- (domain: leisure) plied science) HJG Golf Monthly. Golf Monthly, UK HJV Executive courses in business English. (1989-11). Sample containing about u.p.. Sample containing about 1438 36162 words from a periodical (do- words of miscellanea (domain: social main: leisure) science) 12. List of works excerpted 241

HJW Learn the language in the country. HKD Vevay – Free this superb total colour u.p.. Sample containing about 3816 make-up kit. Vevay. Sample contain- words of miscellanea (domain: social ing about 468 words of miscellanea (do- science) main: leisure) HJY It’s something you’ve always wanted to HKE Young additions. u.p.. Sample con- do. u.p.. ... Sample containing about taining about 226 words of miscellanea 466 words of miscellanea (domain: so- (domain: leisure) cial science) HKF Harlow Sport Centre – general in- HK0 Information sources on courses of formation. u.p.. Sample containing higher education. u.p.. Sample con- about 863 words of miscellanea (do- taining about 758 words of miscellanea main: leisure) (domain: social science) HKG Harlow Sport Centre – squash. u.p.. HK1 Sources of information on post- Sample containing about 561 words of graduate courses. u.p.. Sample con- miscellanea (domain: leisure) taining about 574 words of miscellanea HKH Bidwells – Trustees of the Hinxton (domain: social science) Estate. Bidwells. Sample containing HK2 What’s on – The Play House. u.p.. about 138 words of miscellanea (do- Sample containing about 4218 words of main: leisure) miscellanea (domain: arts) HKJ Bidwells – Land adjoining 22 High HK3 Free to you. u.p.. Sample containing Street. Bidwells. Sample containing about 693 words of miscellanea (do- about 108 words of miscellanea (do- main: arts) main: leisure) HK4 The Simon Community: Christianity at HKK Bidwells – The Hinxton Estate. Bid- work. u.p.. Sample containing about wells. Sample containing about 251 828 words of miscellanea (domain: be- words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) lief and thought) HKL British Gypsum – Gyproc cove fixing HK5 Your parish church calendar 1992. instructions. British Gypsum. Sample u.p.. Sample containing about 301 containing about 891 words of miscel- words of miscellanea (domain: belief lanea (domain: leisure) and thought) HKM Rockwell – The better alternative to HK7 Quality champagne specially selected the flat roof. u.p.. Sample containing for Tesco. Tesco stores ltd. Sample con- about 832 words of miscellanea (do- taining about 685 words of miscellanea main: leisure) (domain: leisure) HKN [Letter offering old document]. u.p.. HK8 [Tesco guide to low and no alcohol]. Sample containing about 170 words Tesco stores ltd. Sample containing of unpublished miscellanea (domain: about 1950 words of miscellanea (do- leisure) main: leisure) HKP Keesings Contemporary Archives. HK9 Croxteth Hall & Country Park 1989. Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow u.p.. Sample containing about 480 (1990). Sample containing about 81733 words of miscellanea (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: world HKA [BCP – the no. British Car Parks. 1 affairs) car park for Gatwick Airport]. Sample HKR Keesings Contemporary Archives. containing about 808 words of miscel- Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow lanea (domain: leisure) (1990). Sample containing about 79663 HKC Freemans. Freemans. Sample con- words from a periodical (domain: world taining about 62 words of miscellanea affairs) (domain: leisure) HKS Keesings Contemporary Archives. 242 12. List of works excerpted

Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 78200 HL3 Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about 60314 HKT Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1990). Sample containing about HL4 Keesings Contemporary Archives. 101940 words from a periodical (do- Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: world affairs) (1991). Sample containing about HKU Keesings Contemporary Archives. 118145 words from a periodical (do- Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: world affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 98110 HL5 Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about 58931 HKV Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1990). Sample containing about HL6 Keesings Contemporary Archives. 102419 words from a periodical (do- Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: world affairs) (1991). Sample containing about 58728 HKW Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 42380 HL7 Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about HKX Keesings Contemporary Archives. 128070 words from a periodical (do- Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: world affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 80415 HL8 Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about 60789 HKY Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 80887 HL9 Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about 66338 HL0 Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 97487 HLA Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about 58408 HL1 Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 79665 HLB Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about HL2 Keesings Contemporary Archives. 125944 words from a periodical (do- Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: world affairs) (1990). Sample containing about 44006 HLC Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow 12. List of works excerpted 243

(1991). Sample containing about 62262 HLN Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 53438 HLD Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about HLP Keesings Contemporary Archives. 128749 words from a periodical (do- Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: world affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 60953 HLE Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1991). Sample containing about 61075 HLR Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 63983 HLF Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 61932 HLS Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 54163 HLG Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 63859 HLT Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 41744 HLH Keesings Contemporary Archives. words from a periodical (domain: world Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 62739 HLU Trade Union Annual Congress. words from a periodical (domain: world PS2F7 ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS2F8 ‘Sheila’, trade unionist, female affairs) PS2F9 ‘Kathy’, trade unionist, female HLJ Keesings Contemporary Archives. PS2FA ‘Ethel’, trade unionist, female Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow PS2FB ‘Kathy’, trade unionist, female PS2FC ‘Steve’, trade unionist, male (1992). Sample containing about 61433 PS2FD ‘John’, trade unionist, male words from a periodical (domain: world PS2FE ‘Graham’, trade unionist, male affairs) PS2FF ‘Adrian’, trade unionist, male HLK Keesings Contemporary Archives. Sample containing about 13058 words Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow speech recorded in business context (1992). Sample containing about 60670 HLW Trade Union Annual Congress. words from a periodical (domain: world PS2K5 ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS2K6 ‘Bob’, trade unionist, male affairs) PS2K7 ‘Bill’, trade unionist, male HLL Keesings Contemporary Archives. PS2K8 ‘Avril’, trade unionist, female PS2K9 ‘Mel’, trade unionist, male Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow PS2KA ‘Cliff’, trade unionist, male (1992). Sample containing about 60735 PS2KB ‘John’, trade unionist, male words from a periodical (domain: world HLWPS000 HLWPS001 affairs) HLM Keesings Contemporary Archives. Sample containing about 11704 words Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow speech recorded in business context (1992). Sample containing about 60429 HLX Trade Union Annual Congress. PS2KL ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male words from a periodical (domain: world PS2KM ‘Dave’, trade unionist, male affairs) PS2KN ‘Nick’, trade unionist, male PS2KP ‘Frank’, trade unionist, male 244 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 2425 words Sample containing about 3759 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in business context HLY Trade Union Annual Congress. HMA BBC Radio Nottingham: radio broad- PS2KR ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male cast. PS2KS ‘Neil’, trade unionist, male PS329 ‘Geoff Owen’, radio presenter, male PS2KT ‘Derek’, trade unionist, male PS32A ‘Alison Ford’, newsreader, female PS2KU ‘Len’, trade unionist, male PS32B ‘Jonathan Clays’, reporter, male PS2KV ‘Owen’, trade unionist, male PS32C reporter, female PS2KW ‘Les’, trade unionist, male PS32D 14+, Pre-recorded phone call, female PS2KX ‘Peter’, trade unionist, male PS32E ‘Mick Cox’, police detective superinten- PS2KY ‘Hywel’, trade unionist, male dent, male HLYPS000 PS32F ‘Nigel Bell’, reporter, male Sample containing about 13912 words PS32G ‘Louise’, radio presenter, Action Line speech recorded in business context presenter, female PS32H ‘David’, education and training develop- HM2 Camera club meeting. ment officer, male PS2MT ‘Jean’, female PS2MU ‘Mark’, male Sample containing about 15734 words PS2MV ‘George’, male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 13523 words HMD BBC Radio Nottingham: radio broad- speech recorded in leisure context cast. HM4 London Talkback Radio: radio broad- PS365 ‘Geoff’, radio presenter, male cast. PS366 Caller on ’Loot for Lunchtime’ pro- gramme., female PS2N3 ‘Douglas’, radio presenter, male PS367 ‘John’, weather forecaster, male PS2N4 ‘Pam’, sports presenter, female PS368 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for ’Kids’ PS2N5 ‘Dave’, radio presenter, male County’ game., male PS2N6 ‘Frances’, female PS369 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for ’Kids’ PS2N7 ‘Judy’, astrologer, female County’ game., male PS2N8 ‘Humphrey’, male PS36A 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for ’Kids’ PS2N9 ‘David’, male County’ game., male PS2NA ‘Bob’, male PS36B 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for ’Kids’ PS2NB ‘Madeline’, writer, female County’ game., male Sample containing about 12143 words PS36C 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for ’Kids’ COunty’ game., male speech recorded in leisure context PS36D ‘Elizabeth’, Kids’ County game caller., HM5 London Talkback Radio: radio broad- female cast. Sample containing about 12499 words PS2NL ‘Douglas’, radio presenter, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2NM ‘Pam’, sports presenter, female HM5PS000 HMG Public Eye: documentary. HM5PS001 PS39M 30+, ‘Phil Parry’, tv presenter, male HM5PS002 PS39N , male HM5PS003 PS39P Miner’s widow, female HM5PS004 PS39R mines rescue worker, male HM5PS005 PS39S , male Sample containing about 6896 words PS39T ‘Chris’, retired mines inspector, male PS39U , male speech recorded in leisure context PS39V ‘Len’, miner, male HM6 Pearson: annual general meeting and PS39W mines inspector, male extraordinary general meeting. Sample containing about 4349 words PS2P1 ‘Michael’, director, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2P2 ‘David’, male PS2P3 ‘Simon’, director, male HMH The Money Programme - part 1: doc- PS2P4 ‘John’, male umentary. Sample containing about 6341 words PS3AF tv presenter, Voiceover at start of pro- speech recorded in business context gramme, male PS3AG investor in business, male HM7 Pearson interim results: meeting. PS3AH tv presenter, male PS2P7 ‘Michael’, director, male PS3AJ actor, male PS2P8 ‘Frank’, managing director, male PS3AK business manager, male PS2P9 ‘James’, finance director, male PS3AL business expert, female 12. List of works excerpted 245

PS3AM ‘Ron’, company director, male HMP Jonathan Cowap Morning Show: ra- PS3AN business investor, Might be speaker, male dio broadcast. HMHPS000 PS3BN ‘Jonathan Cowap’, radio presenter, male Sample containing about 3601 words PS3BP ‘Judy’, Phone-in caller, female PS3BR radio presenter, female speech recorded in leisure context PS3BS ‘Mr Mcmillan Scott’, euro member of HMJ The Money Programme - part 2: doc- parliament, male umentary. PS3BT ‘John Reynoldson’, county planning offi- cer, male PS3AR tv presenter, female PS3BU ‘Peter’, minerals planning consultant, PS3AS ‘Paul’, lawyer, male male PS3AT lawyer, male PS3BV ‘Jason Cullen’, radio presenter, A A PS3AU ‘Keith’, departmental head, general mo- Roadwatch report, male tors, male PS3BW ‘Terry’, Phone-in caller, male PS3AV lawyer, male PS3BX ‘Stewart’, Phone-in caller, male PS3AW i c i representative, male PS3AX lawyer, male Sample containing about 9029 words PS3AY mercedes representative, male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 1875 words HNJ Finishing touch. Rowlands, Betty, speech recorded in leisure context Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, HMK The Money Programme - part 3: doc- Kent (1991). Sample containing about umentary. 43020 words from a book (domain: PS3B1 tv presenter, male imaginative) PS3B2 , male HNK The floating voter. Critchley, Julian, PS3B3 bell atlantic representative, male Headline Book Publishing plc, London Sample containing about 557 words (1993), 1-150. Sample containing about speech recorded in leisure context 42579 words from a book (domain: HML Gwynedd County Council tape 16: in- imaginative) terview for oral history project. HNL Financial market analysis. Blake, PS3B4 72, ‘Elizabeth’, Interviewee, female PS3B5 historian, Interviewer., male David, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Maidenhead (1990). Sample containing Sample containing about 8887 words about 40507 words from a book (do- speech recorded in leisure context main: commerce) HMM Gwynedd County Council tape 19: HNM Financial investments. Griffiths, interview for oral history project. Howard, McGraw-Hill Book Company, PS3B6 60+, ‘Robert’, retired miner, male PS3B7 historian, Speaks with a stutter, male Maidenhead (1990), 82-202. Sample Sample containing about 7140 words containing about 39093 words from a speech recorded in leisure context book (domain: commerce) HMN The Central Match - Live: television HNN A good clean fight. Robinson, Derek, sports broadcast. Harvill, London (1993), 300-400. Sam- PS3B8 40+, ‘Tony Francis, ’ton”, tv presen- ple containing about 38526 words from ter/sports commentator, male a book (domain: imaginative) PS3B9 ‘Gary Newbon’, tv presenter/sports com- HNP Idols. Romer, Stephen, Oxford Uni- mentator, male PS3BA 50+, ‘Ron Atkinson’, football manager, versity Press, Oxford (1986), 1-48. sports commentator, male Sample containing about 5937 words PS3BB 50+, ‘Jimmy Greaves, ’greavesey”, tv from a book (domain: imaginative) presenter/sports commentator, male PS3BC ‘Alan Parry’, sports commentator, male HNR The incident book. Adcock, Fleur, Ox- PS3BD ‘Brian Little’, football manager, male ford University Press, Oxford (1993), PS3BE 40+, ‘Frank Clark’, football manager, male 18-53. Sample containing about 5413 PS3BF ‘John Helm’, sports commentator, male words from a book (domain: imagina- PS3BG ‘Theo Foley’, sports commentator, male tive) Sample containing about 18640 words HNS The kiosk on the brink. McKendrick, speech recorded in leisure context Jamie, Oxford University Press, Ox- 246 12. List of works excerpted

ford (1993), 11-52. Sample containing (domain: social science) about 5346 words from a book (domain: HP3 Industrial Law Journal. Davies, Paul imaginative) (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford HNT Pea soup. Reid, Christopher, Oxford (1993-06). Sample containing about University Press, Oxford (1983), 9-62. 27005 words from a periodical (do- Sample containing about 5949 words main: social science) from a book (domain: imaginative) HP4 [Wimpey newsletter]. Wimpey. Sam- HNU Plato’s ladder. Romer, Stephen, Ox- ple containing about 34668 words of ford University Press, Oxford (1992), unpublished miscellanea (domain: ap- 8-78. Sample containing about 7510 plied science) words from a book (domain: imagina- HP5 [BP annual report]. u.p.. Sample tive) containing about 11524 words of un- HNV R&D management: managing published miscellanea (domain: applied projects & new products. Bergen, S science) A, Basil Blackwell Ltd, Oxford (1990), HP6 [Scottish Amicable newsletter]. Scot- 27-208. Sample containing about tish Amicable. Sample containing 44441 words from a book (domain: about 25420 words of unpublished mis- commerce) cellanea (domain: social science) HNW Studies in school self-evaluation. HP7 [Johnson Matthey Annual Report Nuttall, D L, Clift, P S and McCormick, 1993]. u.p.. Sample containing about R, The Falmer Press, Lewes, East Sus- 12675 words of unpublished miscel- sex (1987). Sample containing about lanea (domain: commerce) 41125 words from a book (domain: so- HP8 Assay – magazine of the Johnson cial science) Matthey Group. Reteif, France and HNX The sirocco room. McKendrick, Godwin, Ian D, u.p.. Sample contain- Jamie, Oxford University Press, Ox- ing about 15539 words of unpublished ford (1991), 1-49. Sample containing miscellanea (domain: commerce) about 6554 words from a book (domain: HP9 P&O Services. u.p.. Sample contain- imaginative) ing about 3269 words of unpublished HNY Sister beneath the sheet. Linscott, miscellanea (domain: commerce) Gillian, Warner Futura, London (1992), HPA BNFL News. British Nuclear Fuels plc, 65-184. Sample containing about Manchester (1992 March - May). Sam- 39926 words from a book (domain: ple containing about 10705 words from imaginative) a periodical (domain: applied science) HP0 The rich are with you always. Macdon- HPB BNFL News. British Nuclear Fuels ald, Malcolm, Coronet Books, London plc, Manchester (1992 March - May). (1978), 187-304. Sample containing Sample containing about 10157 words about 46926 words from a book (do- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- main: imaginative) ence) HP1 Time-zones. Adcock, Fleur, Oxford HPC BNFL News. British Nuclear Fuels University Press, Oxford (1991), 1-46. plc, Manchester (1992 March - May). Sample containing about 7982 words Sample containing about 9413 words from a book (domain: imaginative) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- HP2 War and social change: British soci- ence) ety in the Second World War. Smith, HPD Scotvec reports. u.p.. Sample contain- Harold L, Manchester University Press, ing about 26800 words of unpublished Manchester (1986), 3-31. Sample con- miscellanea (domain: social science) taining about 45904 words from a book HPE WISE: Women into Science & Engi- 12. List of works excerpted 247

neering. u.p.. Sample containing about fairs) 3387 words of unpublished miscellanea HPT Charles the Bald. Nelson, Janet, (domain: applied science) Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow HPF The Engineering Council Guidelines (1992), 1-131. Sample containing about on Risk Issues. u.p.. Sample contain- 44920 words from a book (domain: ing about 14690 words of unpublished world affairs) miscellanea (domain: applied science) HPU Data collection in context. Ackroyd, HPG [School essays on literature]. u.p.. Stephen and Hughes, John A, Longman Sample containing about 26627 words Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 13-107. of unpublished miscellanea (domain: Sample containing about 40377 words arts) from a book (domain: social science) HPH [Christian Aid leaflets]. u.p.. Sample HPV Franco. Ellwood, Sheelagh, Longman containing about 21437 words of un- Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 72-184. published miscellanea (domain: social Sample containing about 42259 words science) from a book (domain: world affairs) HPJ [GDA annual report]. u.p.. Sam- HPW Innocent III: leader of Europe 1198- ple containing about 5090 words of un- 1216. Sayers, Jane, Longman Group published miscellanea (domain: com- UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 10-139. Sam- merce) ple containing about 45536 words from HPK [Parish Council letters]. u.p.. Sample a book (domain: world affairs) containing about 28081 words of un- HPX Managing education: the purpose published miscellanea (domain: social and practice of good management in science) schools. Owen, Joslyn, Longman HPL [Lothian Council: unpublished docu- Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 57-153. ments]. u.p.. Sample containing about Sample containing about 45510 words 19411 words of unpublished miscel- from a book (domain: social science) lanea (domain: social science) HPY The meaning of syntax: a study in HPM Subjective risk and memory for driv- the adjectives of English. Ferris, Con- ing situations [Unpublished PhD the- nor, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow sis]. u.p.. Sample containing about (1993), 1-125. Sample containing about 50069 words of unpublished miscel- 45194 words from a book (domain: so- lanea (domain: social science) cial science) HPN The purpose and use of the research HR0 The vital century: England’s de- [Unpublished PhD thesis]. u.p.. Sam- veloping economy 1714-1815. Rule, ple containing about 50262 words of John, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow unpublished miscellanea (domain: so- (1992), 179-303. Sample containing cial science) about 45993 words from a book (do- HPP [Spokes: unpublished letters & arti- main: world affairs) cles]. u.p.. Sample containing about HR1 The architecture of Europe 650-1550. 43325 words of unpublished miscel- Yarwood, Doreen, BT Batsford Ltd, lanea (domain: social science) London (1992), 1-161. Sample con- HPR [Unpublished short stories]. u.p.. taining about 45206 words from a book Sample containing about 7421 words (domain: world affairs) of unpublished miscellanea (domain: HR2 The Brentford triangle. Rankin, imaginative) Robert, Corgi Books, London (1992), HPS [Unpublished essays]. u.p.. Sample 80-219. Sample containing about containing about 9984 words of unpub- 40009 words from a book (domain: lished miscellanea (domain: world af- imaginative) 248 12. List of works excerpted

HR3 Computer applications in geography. HRD Multimedia in the 1990s. Feldman, Mather, Paul M, John Wiley & Sons Tony, The British Library Board, Lon- Ltd, Chichester (1991), 100-224. Sam- don (1991), 1-167. Sample containing ple containing about 42325 words from about 44411 words from a book (do- a book (domain: applied science) main: applied science) HR4 The crocus list. Lyall, Gavin, Coronet HRE Oil on troubled waters – Gulf wars. Books, London (1993), 95-207. Sample Creighton, John, Echoes, London containing about 39165 words from a (1992), 5-117. Sample containing about book (domain: imaginative) 40750 words from a book (domain: HR5 The hunt by night. Mahon, Derek, Ox- world affairs) ford University Press, Oxford (1986), HRF Phantom. Hayward, Anthony, George 9-63. Sample containing about 7246 Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd, London words from a book (domain: imagina- (1992), 001-116. Sample containing tive) about 44837 words from a book (do- HR6 The dean it was that died. White- main: arts) head, Barbara, Constable & Company HRG Polymers: the chemistry and physics Ltd, London (1991), 55-177. Sample of modern materials. Cowie, J M G, containing about 42715 words from a Blackie academic & professional, Glas- book (domain: imaginative) gow (1991), 157-303. Sample contain- HR7 Billion-dollar brain. Deighton, Len, ing about 43281 words from a book (do- Arrow Books Ltd, London (1991), 67- main: natural sciences) 219. Sample containing about 44841 HRH R&D management: managing words from a book (domain: imagina- projects and new products. Bergen, S tive) A, Basil Blackwell, Oxford (1990), 1- HR8 East of Wimbledon. Williams, Nigel, 114. Sample containing about 28850 Faber & Faber Ltd, London (1993), 61- words from a book (domain: com- 191. Sample containing about 43281 merce) words from a book (domain: imagina- HRJ Constitutional texts. Brazier, Rod- tive) ney, Oxford University Press, Oxford HR9 They came from SW19. Williams, (1990), 1-90. Sample containing about Nigel, Faber & Faber Ltd, London 35757 words from a book (domain: (1992), 119-250. Sample containing world affairs) about 44546 words from a book (do- HRK Information systems development. main: imaginative) Avison, D E, Blackwell Scientific HRA Goshawk squadron. Robinson, Derek, Publications, Oxford (1992), 41-181. Fontana Press, London (1993), 60-194. Sample containing about 43190 words Sample containing about 48079 words from a book (domain: applied science) from a book (domain: imaginative) HRL The onion, memory. Raine, Craig, Ox- HRB The ruling passion of John Gould. ford University Press, Oxford (1978), Tree, Isabella, Barrie & Jenkins, Lon- 2-84. Sample containing about 8747 don (1991). Sample containing about words from a book (domain: imagina- 41634 words from a book (domain: tive) world affairs) HRM Urban sociology. Dickens, Pe- HRC King hereafter. Dunnett, Dorothy, Ar- ter, Harvester & Wheatsheaf, Hemel row Books Ltd, London (1992), 637- Hempstead (1990), 28-152. Sample 732. Sample containing about 41820 containing about 43788 words from a words from a book (domain: imagina- book (domain: social science) tive) HRN Nature. Macmillan Magazines Ltd, 12. List of works excerpted 249

London (1993-19-19). Sample contain- lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) ing about 30586 words from a periodi- HS3 Glenpatrick News. u.p.. Sample con- cal (domain: natural sciences) taining about 13171 words of unpub- HRP Women’s Art. Townsend, S, Women lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) artists slide library, London (1992-19- HS4 Glenpatrick News. u.p.. Sample con- 19). Sample containing about 23735 taining about 2057 words of unpub- words from a periodical (domain: arts) lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) HRR Chartered Institute of Bankers Year- HS7 Special religious education division. book. The chartered institute of u.p.. Sample containing about 7992 bankers, London (1992/1919). Sam- words of unpublished miscellanea (do- ple containing about 8054 words of un- main: belief and thought) published miscellanea (domain: com- HS8 Annual report. HCIMA, England, Lon- merce) don (1991/1919). Sample containing HRS [The Chartered Institute of Bankers: about 5237 words of unpublished mis- miscellaneous documents]. The char- cellanea (domain: commerce) tered institute of bankers, London HS9 A guide to the new simplified divorce. (1992/1919). Sample containing about u.p.. Sample containing about 3345 10631 words of unpublished miscel- words of unpublished miscellanea (do- lanea (domain: commerce) main: social science) HRT [Link – the house journal of the Pauls HSA [Unpublished creative writing]. u.p.. group]. u.p.. Sample containing about Sample containing about 15332 words 48653 words of unpublished miscel- of unpublished miscellanea (domain: lanea (domain: arts) imaginative) HRU Guinness Today. u.p.. Sample con- HSB [Unpublished university lecture taining about 7493 words of unpub- notes]. u.p.. Sample containing about lished miscellanea (domain: arts) 12537 words of unpublished miscel- HRV Guinness Globe. u.p.. Sample con- lanea (domain: natural sciences) taining about 7128 words of unpub- HSC [Unpublished university essays]. u.p.. lished miscellanea (domain: arts) Sample containing about 37352 words HRW Dawson International plc: Notice of of unpublished miscellanea (domain: annual general meeting. u.p.. Sample world affairs) containing about 4185 words of unpub- HSD Chemistry in action. Freemantle, lished miscellanea (domain: arts) Michael, Macmillan Education Ltd, UK HRX Dawson International plc: Annual re- (1987), 85-236. Sample containing port ’93. u.p.. Sample containing about about 43106 words from a book (do- 6019 words of unpublished miscellanea main: natural sciences) (domain: arts) HSE Engineering management: Financial HRY Glenpatrick News. u.p.. Sample con- control. Barnes, Martin, Thomas taining about 11455 words of unpub- Telford Ltd, UK (1990), 1-105. Sample lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) containing about 27237 words from a HS0 Glenpatrick News. u.p.. Sample con- book (domain: commerce) taining about 10947 words of unpub- HSF The Economist. The Economist News- lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) paper Ltd, London (1989-04-08). Sam- HS1 Glenpatrick News. u.p.. Sample con- ple containing about 40849 words from taining about 12012 words of unpub- a periodical (domain: commerce) lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) HSG Illustrated London News. Illus- HS2 Glenpatrick News. u.p.. Sample con- trated London News, London (1989- taining about 11646 words of unpub- 04). Sample containing about 18828 250 12. List of works excerpted

words from a periodical (domain: arts) mailing lists. Southdata Ltd.. Sample HSH [RSPB new members brochure]. containing about 539 words of miscel- RSPB, UK (1988). Sample containing lanea (domain: applied science) about 6588 words from a periodical HSX Alex – advanced OCR. Southdata Ltd.. (domain: applied science) Sample containing about 311 words of HSJ Sky. News International-Hachette, UK miscellanea (domain: applied science) (April 1989). Sample containing about HSY CompuAdd. CompuAdd. The cata- 24202 words from a periodical (do- logue. Sample containing about 2915 main: arts) words of miscellanea (domain: applied HSK Small Gardens. EMAP National Pub- science) lications, UK (1989-09). Sample con- HT0 Reading your meter. Eastern Electric- taining about 11632 words from a peri- ity. Sample containing about 254 words odical (domain: leisure) of miscellanea (domain: applied sci- HSL Spare Rib. Spare Rib Ltd, UK (1989- ence) 04). Sample containing about 40514 HT2 Satisfy your desire for a living flame words from a periodical (domain: arts) gas fire. British Gas Eastern. Sample HSM The Spectator. (10 January 1987). containing about 418 words of miscel- Sample containing about 5080 words lanea (domain: applied science) from a periodical (domain: world af- HT3 Let E. Eastern Electricity. T. safeguard fairs) your future. Sample containing about HSN Plant biotechnology. Association of 617 words of miscellanea (domain: ap- Agriculture. Sample containing about plied science) 4295 words from a periodical (domain: HT4 Keep warm – keep well. Department natural sciences) of health/Central office for information. HSP Parasitology [publishers brochure]. Sample containing about 4884 words of Cambridge University Press, Cam- miscellanea (domain: applied science) bridge. Sample containing about 357 HT5 1989 Hoechst farmer competition. words of published miscellanea (do- Hoechst (1989). Sample containing main: natural sciences) about 642 words of miscellanea (do- HSR Exciting new titles in parasitology main: imaginative) from Chapman and Hall. Chapman & HT6 Tesco cares: a guide to the world Hall, London. Sample containing about around us. Tesco stores ltd. Sample 859 words of miscellanea (domain: nat- containing about 2107 words of miscel- ural sciences) lanea (domain: applied science) HSS Man on the moon – 20th anniversary HT7 CFCs and the ozone layer. Tesco stores special offer. u.p.. Sample containing ltd. Sample containing about 703 words about 675 words of miscellanea (do- of miscellanea (domain: applied sci- main: natural sciences) ence) HST Olympus Scientific Products News. HT8 Phosphates and the water supply. Olympus Scientific Products. Sample Tesco stores ltd. Sample containing containing about 2529 words of miscel- about 458 words of miscellanea (do- lanea (domain: applied science) main: applied science) HSU The Queen’s awards for export and HT9 Paper and the environment. Tesco technology 1990. Department of Trade stores ltd. Sample containing about 584 & Industry (1990). Sample containing words of miscellanea (domain: applied about 689 words of miscellanea (do- science) main: applied science) HTA Recycling and the environment. Tesco HSW Superfile – database manager for stores ltd. Sample containing about 856 12. List of works excerpted 251

words of miscellanea (domain: applied Sample containing about 37691 words science) from a book (domain: imaginative) HTC The Embalmer. British Institute HTP Madness and modernity: a study in of Embalmers, Knebworth (1993-12). social psychoanalysis. Badcock, C R, Sample containing about 11503 words Basil Blackwell Ltd, Oxford (1984), 1- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- 134. Sample containing about 39547 ence) words from a book (domain: applied HTE Edinburgh undergraduate prospectus science) 1993. Smith, David, Grosvenor Press, HTR A masculine ending. Smith, Joan, Portsmouth (1993), 1-157. Sample con- Faber & Faber Ltd, London (1988), 38- taining about 56720 words of miscel- 150. Sample containing about 45051 lanea (domain: social science) words from a book (domain: imagina- HTF Bureaucracy and political power. tive) Smith, B C, Wheatsheaf Books Ltd, HTS Other people’s blood. Kippax, Frank, Brighton (1988), 40-175. Sample con- Fontana Press, London (1993), 9-146. taining about 42584 words from a book Sample containing about 43788 words (domain: world affairs) from a book (domain: imaginative) HTG Clubbed to death. Dudley Edwards, HTT Ratking. Dibdin, Michael, Faber & Ruth, Victor Gollancz Ltd, London Faber Ltd, London (1989), 84-201. (1993), 40-158. Sample containing Sample containing about 44197 words about 46879 words from a book (do- from a book (domain: imaginative) main: imaginative) HTU The suburban book of the dead. HTH Diggers. Pratchett, Terry, Doubleday, Rankin, Robert, Corgi Books, London London (1990), 28-153. Sample con- (1993), 103-264. Sample containing taining about 36187 words from a book about 48045 words from a book (do- (domain: imaginative) main: imaginative) HTJ A game of sudden death. Ruther- HTV Sociology of the global system. Sklair, ford, Douglas, Macmillan & Double- Leslie, Harvester & Wheatsheaf, Hemel day, London (1990), 234-461. Sample Hempstead (1991), 001-126. Sample containing about 43353 words from a containing about 45926 words from a book (domain: imaginative) book (domain: social science) HTK A higher education. Silver, Harold, HTW The eagle has flown. Higgins, Jack, The Falmer Press, Basingstoke (1990), Pan Books Ltd, London (1991), 1-170. 65-162. Sample containing about Sample containing about 38705 words 45316 words from a book (domain: so- from a book (domain: imaginative) cial science) HTX The Mamur Zapt and the night of the HTL Angel hunt. Ripley, Mike, Fontana dog. Pearce, Michael, Fontana Press, Press, London (1991), 005-132. Sam- London (1991), 60-197. Sample con- ple containing about 43606 words from taining about 46295 words from a book a book (domain: imaginative) (domain: imaginative) HTM Lavondyss. Holdstock, Robert, HTY The pit. Penswick, Neil, Virgin, Lon- Grafton Books, London (1990), 329- don (1993), 113-257. Sample contain- 448. Sample containing about 38722 ing about 43037 words from a book (do- words from a book (domain: imagina- main: imaginative) tive) HU0 The white rose murder. Clynes, HTN A little lower than the angels. Mc- Michael, Headline Book Publishing plc, Caughrean, Geraldine, Oxford Uni- London (1992), 73-209. Sample con- versity Press, Oxford (1987), 13-133. taining about 42518 words from a book 252 12. List of works excerpted

(domain: imaginative) imaginative) HU1 The Embalmer. British Institute of Em- HUB [Schoolboys’ essays]. u.p.. Sample balmers, Knebworth (1993-12), 3-35. containing about 21358 words of un- Sample containing about 19268 words published miscellanea (domain: social from a periodical (domain: applied sci- science) ence) HUC Trade Union Annual Congress. HU2 Gut: Journal of Gastroenterology and PS2GD ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS2GE ‘Prue’, trade unionist, female Hepatology. Alan, R N (ed.), British PS2GF ‘Les’, trade unionist, male Medical Association, London. Sample PS2GG ‘Dave’, trade unionist, male containing about 168778 words from a PS2GH ‘Duncan’, trade unionist, male PS2GJ ‘Dave’, trade unionist, male periodical (domain: applied science) PS2GK ‘Alan’, trade unionist, male HU3 Gut: Journal of Gastroenterology and PS2GL ‘Peggy’, trade unionist, female Hepatology. Alan, R N (ed.), British HUCPS000 Medical Association, London. Sample Sample containing about 13033 words containing about 176734 words from a speech recorded in business context periodical (domain: applied science) HUD Trade Union Annual Congress. HU4 Gut: Journal of Gastroenterology and PS2H5 ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS2H6 ‘John’, trade unionist, male Hepatology. Alan, R N (ed.), British PS2H7 ‘Denise’, trade unionist, female Medical Association, London. Sample PS2H8 ‘Frank’, trade unionist, male containing about 167165 words from a PS2H9 ‘John’, general secretary of trade union, male periodical (domain: applied science) PS2HA ‘Robert’, trade unionist, male HU5 [Annual report]. The general coun- PS2HB ‘Alan’, trade unionist, male PS2HC ‘Barbara’, trade unionist, female cil of the bar, England (1992), 1-25. PS2HD ‘Billy’, trade unionist, male Sample containing about 15215 words Sample containing about 12880 words of unpublished miscellanea (domain: speech recorded in business context commerce) HUE Trade Union Annual Congress: trade HU6 Wood Group: Energy supporting en- union congress. ergy. John Wood Group plc, Aberdeen PS2LY ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male (1992), 1-24. Sample containing about PS2M0 ‘Mick’, trade unionist, male 6722 words of unpublished miscellanea PS2M1 ‘Eric’, trade unionist, male PS2M2 ‘Doug’, trade unionist, male (domain: natural sciences) PS2M3 ‘John’, trade unionist, male HU7 [Report and accounts]. Guinness PS2M4 ‘Edna’, trade unionist, female Group, London (1992), 1-25. Sam- PS2M5 ‘Les’, trade unionist, male HUEPS000 ple containing about 8125 words of un- HUEPS001 published miscellanea (domain: applied Sample containing about 13483 words science) speech recorded in business context HU8 [Medau Society literature]. The HUF King’s College London: political phi- Medau Society, UK (1990/1919). losophy lecture. Sample containing about 9267 words PS2MY 30+, ‘Wolff’, lecturer, male of unpublished miscellanea (domain: Sample containing about 7579 words leisure) speech recorded in educational context HU9 Bishops’ Conference of Scotland. u.p.. HUG Hatfield Airfield air traffic control. Sample containing about 18293 words PS2PA 47, air traffic controller, male of unpublished miscellanea (domain: PS2PB 46, air traffic controller, male belief and thought) PS2PC 42, air traffic controller, female HUA [Short stories]. Potter, Alistair, u.p.. Sample containing about 1484 words Sample containing about 13283 words speech recorded in public context of unpublished miscellanea (domain: HUH London School of Economics: lecture. PS2PD 45, lecturer, male 12. List of works excerpted 253

Sample containing about 7793 words HUR Christie’s auction rooms: auction of speech recorded in educational context mechanical music. HUJ London School of Economics: lecture. PS308 auctioneer PS2PE 45, ‘Chris’, lecturer, male Sample containing about 14247 words PS2PF ‘Andrea’, student, female speech recorded in leisure context PS2PG ‘Mike’, student, male PS2PH ‘Kirsty’, student, female HUS Christie’s auction rooms: auction of PS2PJ ‘Mary-jane’, student, female oriental ceramics and works of art. PS2PK ‘John’, student, male PS309 auctioneer PS2PL ‘Emma’, student, female PS2PM ‘Anne-marie’, student, female Sample containing about 11749 words PS2PN ‘Katherine’, student, female speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 15927 words HUT Pastoral parish council meeting. speech recorded in educational context HUTPS000 HUK London School of Economics: lecture Sample containing about 7640 words on the psychoanalytical study of society. speech recorded in public context PS2PU 45, ‘Chris’, lecturer, male HUU Trent Law School: lecture. PS2PV ‘Joy’, student, female PS30A 35, lecturer, female PS2PW ‘Tom’, student, male Sample containing about 6649 words PS2PX ‘Dean’, student, male PS2PY ‘Heather’, student, female speech recorded in educational context PS2R0 ‘Duncan’, student, male HUV James Whale Phone-in: radio broad- PS2R1 ‘Oliver’, student, male cast. PS2R2 ‘Sue’, student, female PS3C8 40+, ‘James Whale’, radio presenter, Sample containing about 14078 words male PS3C9 ‘Danny’, radio technician, male speech recorded in educational context PS3CA ‘Douglas’, Phone-in caller, male HUL London School of Economics: lecture PS3CB 60+, ‘Sam’, Phone-in caller, male on the psychoanalytical study of society. PS3CC ‘Melanie’, civil servant, Phone-in caller, female PS2R3 45, ‘Chris’, lecturer, male PS3CD ‘Alf’, Phone-in caller, male Sample containing about 13461 words PS3CE ‘Danny’, radio presenter, A A Roadwatch travel news, male speech recorded in educational context PS3CF ‘David’, nspcc employee, Phone-in HUM London School of Economics: lecture caller, male on the psychoanalytical study of society. PS3CG ‘Michael’, male PS2R4 45, ‘Chris’, lecturer, male Sample containing about 17806 words Sample containing about 15806 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in educational context HUW On the Record: television broadcast. PS3CM 50+, ‘John Humphries’, tv presenter, HUN London School of Economics: lecture male on the psychoanalytical study of society. PS3CN 50+, ‘John Hume’, member of parlia- ment (sdlp leader), male PS2R5 45, ‘Chris’, lecturer, male PS3CP british rail announcer, male Sample containing about 16624 words PS3CR 30+, ‘Michael Gold’, telvision reporter, speech recorded in educational context male PS3CS 50+, Protestor, female HUP Pearson preliminary results: analysts PS3CT 40+, Protestor, female meeting. PS3CU 30+, Protestor, male PS3CV 50+, Protestor, female PS2Y7 ‘Michael’, male PS3CW 20+, waiter, male PS2Y8 ‘David’, chairman, male PS2Y9 ‘Frank’, chief executive, male Sample containing about 10377 words PS2YA ‘James’, finance director, male speech recorded in leisure context PS2YB ‘Robert’, male PS2YC ‘Ken’, male HUX Gwynedd County Council tape 18: in- PS2YD ‘Charles’, male terview for oral history project. PS2YE ‘Lorna’, female HUXPS000 PS2YF ‘Stuart’, chief executive officer, male HUXPS001 Sample containing about 10032 words Sample containing about 8285 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in leisure context 254 12. List of works excerpted

HUY Gwynedd County Council tape 20: in- PS3EM 50+, ‘Michael’, lieutenant-colonel, terview for oral history project. counter-terrorism expert, male PS3EN 40+, ‘Mary’, Representing the Troops PS3D9 historian, Interviewer, male Out movement, female PS3DA 28, ‘David’, quarry worker, Interviewee, male Sample containing about 5297 words Sample containing about 8549 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context HV3 Central Weekend Live - part 3: televi- HV0 James Whale Phone-in: radio broad- sion broadcast. PS3EP 40+, ‘Ed Doolan’, tv presenter, male cast. PS3ER 30+, ‘Beth’, animal rights defender, fe- PS3DB 40+, ‘James Whale’, radio presenter, male male PS3ES 40+, ‘Michael’, representative of circus PS3DC 30+, ‘Alan’, phone-in caller, male society, male PS3DD Recorded voice of American spokesman, PS3ET 30+, ‘Diane’, representative of circus male watch, female PS3DE 30+, ‘Karen’, radio studio technician, fe- PS3EU 30+, ‘Gavin’, circus trainer/performer, male male PS3DF 30+, ‘Danny Savage’, radio presenter, A PS3EV 50+, ‘Pat’, representative of animal wel- A Roadwatch report, male fare alliance, female PS3DG 30+, ‘Noel’, n.u.t. press officer, male PS3EW 40+, ‘Dave’, circus owner, male PS3DH 30+, ‘Rita’, Phone-in caller, female PS3EX 50+, ‘Dr Marthe’, animal behaviourist, PS3DJ 20+, ‘Rachael’, guide for guided tour Slight lisp on R, female company, female PS3EY 40+, ‘Rusty’, clown, male PS3DK 20+, radio studio technician, male Sample containing about 3459 words Sample containing about 16683 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context HV4 Inaugural address of new president of HV1 Central Weekend Live - part 1: televi- National Association of Round Tables sion broadcast. of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. PS3E3 30+, ‘Nicky Campbell’, tv presenter, male PS3F2 ‘Dyfrig James’, businessman, male PS3E4 40+, ‘Sue Jay’, tv presenter, female PS3E5 30+, ‘Oliver James’, consultant psycholo- Sample containing about 862 words gist, Slight lisp on R, male speech recorded in leisure context PS3E6 40+, ‘Dr Vernon Coleman’, medical con- sultant, male HV5 Orkney Sound Archive tape PS3E7 40+, ‘Dr Cosmo Hallstrom’, medical con- OSA/RO/D: radio broadcast. sultant, male PS3F3 60+, ‘Mary’, Native of West Mainland, PS3E8 40+, ‘Donna’, journalist, female female PS3E9 40+, ‘Dr Simon Fradd’, general practi- PS3F4 30+, radio presenter, Interviewer, female tioner, male PS3EA 30+, ‘Graeme Wilson’, representative Sample containing about 3852 words of citizens’ commission on human rights, speech recorded in leisure context male PS3EB 40+, ‘Peter’, male HV6 Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA/RO/D: radio broadcast. Sample containing about 5439 words PS3F5 ‘Mansie Flaws’, radio presenter, Inter- speech recorded in leisure context viewer, female HV2 Central Weekend Live - part 2: televi- PS3F6 70+, retired ferryman, Native of Wyre, sion broadcast. Orkney., male PS3EE 30+, ‘Nicky Campbell’, tv presenter, Sample containing about 3825 words male speech recorded in leisure context PS3EF 50+, ‘John Taylor’, member of parliament HV7 Orkney Sound Archive tape (ulster unionist) for strangford, male PS3EG 40+, ‘Clare Short’, member of parlia- OSA/RO/C: radio broadcast. ment (labour), female PS3F7 10+, school child, male PS3EH 60+, ‘Tim Pat’, historian, ira expert, male PS3F8 radio presenter, Interviewer, male PS3EJ 40+, ‘Martin Dillon’, author, Author of PS3F9 10+, school child, male The Dirty War, about the Irish conflict, PS3FA 10+, school child, male male PS3FB 10+, school child, male PS3EK 50+, ‘Sir William Ross’, member of par- PS3FC 10+, ‘Gary’, school child, male liament for east londonderry, male PS3FD ‘Dennis’, postmaster, male PS3EL 50+, ‘Ray’, ex-soldier, male PS3FE farmer, male 12. List of works excerpted 255

Sample containing about 1409 words PS3GL 30+, ‘Nicky Campbell’, tv presenter, speech recorded in leisure context male PS3GM 50+, ‘Ronnie’, army brigadier, male HV8 Orkney Sound Archive tape PS3GN 30+, ‘Andrew’, ex-soldier, male OSA/RO/C: radio broadcast. PS3GP 20+, ‘Richard’, ex-soldier, male PS3FF school child, female PS3GR 50+, ‘David Lightbown’, member of par- PS3FG radio presenter, Interviewer, female liament (conservative), male PS3FH school child, female PS3GS 30+, ‘Tim’, ex-soldier, male PS3FJ 70+, female PS3GT 40+, ‘Paul’, Slight lisp on S, male PS3FK 70+, female PS3GU 30+, ‘Alan’, rsm in army training regi- ment, male Sample containing about 779 words PS3GV 30+, ex-solder (awol), male speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 5159 words HV9 Orkney Sound Archive tape speech recorded in leisure context OSA/RO/C: radio broadcast. HVE Central Weekend Live - part 3: televi- PS3FL 60+, ‘David’, Native of Hoy., male sion broadcast. Sample containing about 2196 words PS3GX 40+, ‘Sue Jay’, tv presenter, female speech recorded in leisure context PS3GY 40+, ‘Barbara’, journalist, Australian?, female HVA Orkney Sound Archive tape PS3H0 50+, ‘Tony’, male OSA/RO/C: radio broadcast. PS3H1 50+, ‘Vince’, male PS3FM 30+, ‘Fiona’, local councillor, artist, In- PS3H2 60+, ‘Lance’, male terviewee, female PS3H3 30+, ‘Alan’, male PS3FN ‘Liz Davies’, radio presenter, Interviewer, PS3H4 40+, ‘John’, male female PS3H5 40+, ‘Deniel’, stylist, male PS3FP 17+, student, female PS3H6 50+, ‘Joshua’, stylist, male PS3FR 17+, ‘Jenny’, student, female Sample containing about 3572 words PS3FS 17+, ‘Lucy’, student, female speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 929 words HVF EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, speech recorded in leisure context day 1, morning session: public county HVB Orkney Sound Archive tape council meeting. OSA/RO/C: radio broadcast. PS3HD 50+, ‘Eric Barnett’, department of the en- PS3FT radio presenter, Interviewer, female vironment adjudicator, Chairing the meet- PS3FU ‘Stewart’, school child, male ing., male PS3FV school child, male PS3HE 40+, ‘Mr P Davies’, legal representa- PS3FW ‘Carol’, school child, female tive, Representing North Yorkshire County PS3FX ‘Nathan’, school child, male Council, male PS3FY ‘Louise’, school child, female PS3HF 50+, ‘Stuart Cowley’, legal representa- PS3G0 ‘Nanette’, school child, female tive, Representing North Yorkshire County Sample containing about 1643 words Council, male PS3HG 40+, ‘R Whittaker’, senior inspector, fe- speech recorded in leisure context male HVC Central Weekend Live - part 1: televi- PS3HH 35+, ‘Roy Donson’, legal representative, sion broadcast. Representing House Builders Federation, male PS3G1 30+, ‘Nicky Campbell’, tv presenter, PS3HJ 50+, ‘M Rees’, department of the envi- male ronment representative, female PS3G2 40+, ‘Ed Doolan’, tv presenter, male PS3HK 30+, ‘Malcolm Spittle’, north yorkshire PS3G3 30+, ‘Tony’, male county council representative, male PS3G4 20+, ‘Alaina’, female PS3HL 40+, ‘Steven Grigson’, legal representa- PS3G5 50+, ‘Theresa Gorman’, member of par- tive, Representing Barton Wilmore, male liament (conservative), female PS3HM 30+, ‘Mrs Long’, north yorkshire county PS3G6 20+, ‘Lindsey’, female council representative, female PS3G7 20+, ‘John’, male PS3G8 50+, ‘Sir Ivan Lawrence’, member of par- Sample containing about 21960 words liament (conservative), male speech recorded in public context PS3G9 30+, ‘Andrew’, male HVG EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, Sample containing about 6278 words day 1, afternoon session: public county speech recorded in leisure context council meeting. HVD Central Weekend Live - part 2: televi- PS3J0 50+, ‘Eric Barnett’, department of the en- sion broadcast. vironment adjudicator, Chairperson, male 256 12. List of works excerpted

PS3J1 50+, ‘Margaret Rees’, department of the Sample containing about 23224 words environment representative, female speech recorded in public context PS3J2 40+, ‘R Whittaker’, senior inspector, fe- male HVK EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, PS3J3 30+, ‘Dave Girt’, leeds city council repre- day 3, afternoon session: public county sentative, male council planning meeting. PS3J4 50+, ‘W Caulfield (bill)’, bradford district council representative, male PS3LK 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of the PS3J5 35+, ‘Roy Donson’, house builders’ feder- environment adjudicator, male ation representative, male PS3LL 40+, ‘Miss D Whitaker’, senior inspector, PS3J6 40+, ‘Stephen Grigson’, solicitor, male female PS3J7 30+, ‘J Cunnane’, solicitor, Representing PS3LM 35+, ‘Mr Roy Donson’, house builders’ Sam Smith’s Tadcaster Brewery, male federation representative, male PS3J8 40+, ‘P Sedgewick’, solicitor, male PS3LN ‘Mr Paul Brighton’, solicitor, for Barton Willmore, male Sample containing about 15663 words PS3LP ‘Mr Christopher Timothy’, solicitor, for Wood-Frampton, male speech recorded in public context PS3LR ‘Mr Clive Brook’, solicitor, for Clive HVH EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, Brook Associates, male day 4 session: public county council PS3LS ‘Mr Anthony (tony) Sexton’, solicitor, for Connell., male meeting. PS3LT 30+, ‘Mr Michael Jewitt’, hambledon dis- PS3JH 50+, ‘Eric Barnett’, department of the en- trict council legal representative, male vironment adjudicator, Chairing the meet- PS3LU 30+, ‘Mr Girt’, leeds city council repre- ing., male sentative, male PS3JJ 40+, ‘Mr P Davies’, legal representa- Sample containing about 24102 words tive, Representing North Yorkshire County Council, male speech recorded in public context PS3JK 40+, ‘D Whittaker’, senior inspector, fe- HW8 Just another angel. Ripley, Mike, male Fontana Paperbacks, London (1989), PS3JL 35+, ‘Roy Donson’, house builders’ fed- eration representative, male 64-218. Sample containing about PS3JM 30+, ‘R Thomas’, solicitor, male 45298 words from a book (domain: PS3JN ‘Mr Wincup’, department of the environ- ment representative, male imaginative) PS3JP ‘M Courcier’, solicitor, male HW9 Accounting in a business context. PS3JR ‘Mr Brighton’, male Jarvis, Robin and Berry, Aidan, Chap- PS3JS ‘Mr Brooke’, male man & Hall, London (1992), 1-113. Sample containing about 24634 words Sample containing about 29455 words speech recorded in public context from a book (domain: commerce) HVJ EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, HWA The butcher’s bill. Kippax, Frank, day 3, morning session: public county Fontana Press, London (1992), 120- council planning meeting. 233. Sample containing about 43942 PS3L3 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of the words from a book (domain: imagina- environment adjudicator, Chairing the en- tive) quiry, male HWB Architecture of Europe: 3000 BC-AD PS3L4 40+, ‘Mr Peter Davis’, north yorkshire county council legal representative, male 1453. Yarwood, Doreen, BT Batsford PS3L5 40+, ‘Miss D Whittaker’, senior inspector, Ltd, London (1992), 39-157. Sample female PS3L6 30+, ‘Mr David Curtis’, york city council containing about 42841 words from a legal representative, male book (domain: arts) PS3L7 25+, ‘Mr Ian Smith’, ryedale district HWC The wasp factory. Banks, Iain, Aba- council legal representative, male PS3L8 40+, ‘Mr Steven Grigson’, solicitor, from cus, London (1990), 7-126. Sample Barton Willmore, male containing about 41889 words from a PS3L9 30+, ‘Mr Malcolm Spittle’, north york- book (domain: imaginative) shire county council legal representative, male HWD Family history and local history in PS3LA 30+, ‘Mrs Long’, north yorkshire county England. Hey, David, Longman Group council legal representative, female PS3LB 35+, ‘Mr Roy Donson’, house builders’ UK Ltd, Harlow (1987), 46-183. Sam- federation representative, male ple containing about 44043 words from 12. List of works excerpted 257

a book (domain: world affairs) containing about 170292 words from a HWE The house of women. Cook- periodical (domain: applied science) son, Catherine, Corgi Books, London HWT Gut: Journal of Gastroenterology and (1993), 181-320. Sample containing Hepatology. Alan, R N (ed.), British about 33001 words from a book (do- Medical Association, London. Sample main: imaginative) containing about 59868 words from a HWF Lifespan computer manuals. Corpo- periodical (domain: applied science) rate, u.p.. Sample containing about HWU The Lancet. The Lancet Ltd, Lon- 221635 words of unpublished miscel- don (1993-19-19). Sample containing lanea (domain: applied science) about 49445 words from a periodical HWG The transformation of medieval Eng- (domain: applied science) land. Thomson, J A F, Longman, New HWV The Lancet. The Lancet Ltd, Lon- York (1992), 009-082. Sample contain- don (1993-06/19). Sample containing ing about 39754 words from a book (do- about 46180 words from a periodical main: world affairs) (domain: applied science) HWH Public finance and public choice. HWW The Lancet. The Lancet Ltd, Lon- Jones, Philip and Cullis, John, don (1993-19-19). Sample containing McGraw-Hill Book Company, Maiden- about 46574 words from a periodical head (1992). Sample containing about (domain: applied science) 46260 words from a book (domain: HWX Sounds. Spotlight Publications, Lon- commerce) don (1990-11-10). Sample containing HWK Richard III. Pollard, A J, Alan Sutton about 47904 words from a periodical Publishing Ltd, Gloucester (1991), 27- (domain: leisure) 132. Sample containing about 39083 HWY [Prospectus]. Henley Management words from a book (domain: world af- College, England (1993), 1-23. Sample fairs) containing about 8028 words of unpub- HWL Angel touch. Ripley, Mike, Fontana lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- Press, London (1991), 81-203. Sample ence) containing about 44592 words from a HX0 Scotvec update. Scotvec, Glasgow book (domain: imaginative) (1992/1919). Sample containing about HWM The jewel that was ours. Dex- 16564 words of unpublished miscel- ter, Colin, Pan Books Ltd, London lanea (domain: social science) (1992), 89-254. Sample containing HX1 Scotvec report. u.p. (n.d.), 1-45. about 46954 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 14186 words main: imaginative) of unpublished miscellanea (domain: HWN The book of ultimate truths. Rankin, commerce) Robert, Doubleday, London (1993), 13- HX2 [Reference book]. HCIMA, England, 142. Sample containing about 41871 London (1992/1919). Sample contain- words from a book (domain: imagina- ing about 12291 words of unpublished tive) miscellanea (domain: applied science) HWP Wycliffe and the Windsor Blue. Bur- HX3 Hotel, Catering & Institutional Man- ley, W J, Corgi Books, London (1989), agement Association. u.p.. Sample 7-152. Sample containing about 43883 containing about 18426 words of un- words from a book (domain: imagina- published miscellanea (domain: com- tive) merce) HWS Gut: Journal of Gastroenterology and HX4 Hotel, Catering & Institutional Man- Hepatology. Alan, R N (ed.), British agement Association. u.p.. Sample Medical Association, London. Sample containing about 32091 words of un- 258 12. List of works excerpted

published miscellanea (domain: com- Brooks, Ron, Longman Group UK Ltd, merce) Harlow (1993), 1-156. Sample contain- HX5 [Annual report]. Napier Enterprise ing about 45620 words from a book (do- Centre, Scotland, Edinburgh (1993), 2- main: social science) 21. Sample containing about 8264 HXG The English infinitive. Duffley, Patrick words of unpublished miscellanea (do- J, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow main: social science) (1992), 11-149. Sample containing HX6 Christian Aid. Christian Aid, Edin- about 44957 words from a book (do- burgh, Scotland. Sample containing main: social science) about 965 words of unpublished miscel- HXH How to write essays, dissertations & lanea (domain: social science) theses in literary studies. Fabb, Nigel HX7 [Christian Aid: administrative docu- and Durant, Alan, Longman Group UK ments]. Christian Aid, Edinburgh, Scot- Ltd, Harlow (1993), 9-140. Sample land (1986/1919). Sample containing containing about 46432 words from a about 5065 words of unpublished mis- book (domain: arts) cellanea (domain: world affairs) HXJ [Article from] European economic in- HX8 [Medau Society leaflets]. The Medau tegration. European economic inte- Society, UK (1980/1919). Sample con- gration. McDonald, Frank, Dearden, taining about 41219 words of unpub- Stephen (eds.)Penketh, Keith, Longman lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 1-15. HX9 [Unpublished academic thesis]. Wil- Sample containing about 6355 words son, Howard, u.p.. Sample containing from a book (domain: world affairs) about 40822 words of unpublished mis- HXK [Article from] European economic in- cellanea (domain: applied science) tegration. European economic inte- HXA [Articles by a management consul- gration. McDonald, Frank, Dearden, tant]. u.p.. Sample containing about Stephen (eds.)McDonald, Frank, Long- 7261 words of unpublished miscellanea man Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), (domain: commerce) 16-38. Sample containing about 8867 HXB [Solicitors’ information packs]. u.p.. words from a book (domain: world af- Sample containing about 38263 words fairs) of unpublished miscellanea (domain: HXL [article from] European economic in- social science) tegration. European economic inte- HXC Albion’s people. Rule, John, Longman gration. McDonald, Frank, Dearden, Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 105- Stephen (eds.)Zis, George, Longman 225. Sample containing about 46928 Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 39-49. words from a book (domain: world af- Sample containing about 5773 words fairs) from a book (domain: world affairs) HXD Introduction to computer law. Bain- HXM [article from] European economic in- bridge, David I, Longman Group UK tegration. European economic inte- Ltd, Harlow (1993), 24-121. Sample gration. McDonald, Frank, Dearden, containing about 45312 words from a Stephen (eds.)Penketh, Keith, Longman book (domain: social science) Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 50-58. HXE Criminal law. Jefferson, Michael, Sample containing about 4452 words Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow from a book (domain: world affairs) (1992). Sample containing about 48074 HXN [article from] European economic in- words from a book (domain: social sci- tegration. European economic inte- ence) gration. McDonald, Frank, Dearden, HXF The effective teaching of history. Stephen (eds.)Kemp, John, Longman 12. List of works excerpted 259

Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 59-80. (1993), 1-137. Sample containing about Sample containing about 11521 words 48271 words from a book (domain: so- from a book (domain: world affairs) cial science) HXP [article from] European economic in- HY0 The Merovingian kingdoms 450-751. tegration. European economic inte- Wood, Ian, Longman Group UK Ltd, gration. McDonald, Frank, Dearden, Harlow (1994), 5-113. Sample contain- Stephen (eds.)Dearden, Stephen, Long- ing about 45899 words from a book (do- man Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), main: world affairs) 82-98. Sample containing about 7342 HY1 Markets and dealers. Harrington, words from a book (domain: world af- Richard, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- fairs) low (1992), 61-81. Sample containing HXR [article from] European economic in- about 10030 words from a book (do- tegration. European economic inte- main: commerce) gration. McDonald, Frank, Dear- HY2 Markets and dealers. Leslie, James, den, Stephen (eds.)Tomkins, Judith and Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow Twomey, Jim, Longman Group UK Ltd, (1992), 85-109. Sample containing Harlow (1992), 100-115. Sample con- about 13090 words from a book (do- taining about 9039 words from a book main: commerce) (domain: world affairs) HY3 Markets and dealers. Davis, Phil, HXS The fabliau in English. Hines, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow John, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- (1992), 111-134. Sample containing low (1993), 1-139. Sample containing about 11132 words from a book (do- about 44895 words from a book (do- main: commerce) main: arts) HY4 Markets and dealers. Temperton, HXT A future for the NHS?. Ranade, Paul, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow Wendy, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- (1992), 138-161. Sample containing low (1994), 1-118. Sample containing about 9868 words from a book (domain: about 42297 words from a book (do- commerce) main: social science) HY5 The rise of modern diplomacy 1450- HXU De Gaulle. Shennan, Andrew, Long- 1919. Anderson, M S, Longman Group man Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 16- UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 41-148. Sam- 139. Sample containing about 44281 ple containing about 46239 words from words from a book (domain: world af- a book (domain: world affairs) fairs) HY6 English medieval mystics: games of HXV Law of tort. Cooke, John, Longman faith. Glasscoe, Marion, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 72-173. Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 1-159. Sample containing about 43508 words Sample containing about 46423 words from a book (domain: social science) from a book (domain: arts) HXW Land law. Lim, Hilary, Longman HY7 Russia in the age of reaction and re- Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 24-121. form 1801-1881. Saunders, David, Sample containing about 46865 words Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow from a book (domain: social science) (1994), 173-272. Sample containing HXX Cnut. Lawson, M K, Longman Group about 43678 words from a book (do- UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 9-150. Sample main: world affairs) containing about 46337 words from a HY8 The special relationship. Bartlett, C book (domain: world affairs) J, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow HXY London Jamaican. Sebba, Mark, (1992), 1-124. Sample containing about Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow 46090 words from a book (domain: 260 12. List of works excerpted

world affairs) HYG Town council meeting. Sample HY9 Politics under the later Stuarts. Harris, containing about 9767 words speech Tim, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow recorded in public context (1993), 117-239. Sample containing HYH Trent Law School: tutorial. about 46659 words from a book (do- PS30B 35, ‘John’, lecturer, male main: world affairs) Sample containing about 3480 words HYA The teaching of drama in the primary speech recorded in educational context school. Woolland, Brian, Longman HYJ Town council grants meeting. Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 34-138. PS3C0 40+, ‘Graham’, farmer and developer, Sample containing about 38921 words male PS3C1 40+, ‘Paul’, homeopath, male from a book (domain: social science) PS3C2 40+, accountant, female HYB The effective teaching of religious ed- PS3C3 80+, farmer, male ucation. Watson, Brenda, Longman PS3C4 60+, farmer, male PS3C5 50+, ‘Trevor’, builder, male Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 1-125. Sample containing about 15696 words Sample containing about 46271 words speech recorded in public context from a book (domain: social science) HYK Town council planning meeting. HYC Suffolk Sound Archive oral history PS3CH 40+, ‘Graham’, farmer and developer, project: interview. male PS228 ‘Joyce’, female PS3CJ 80+, farmer, male PS229 ‘Jack’, retired head lad, male PS3CK 40+, builder, male Sample containing about 12152 words Sample containing about 7767 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in public context HYD King’s College London: philosophy HYL Nottingham University Economics discussion class. Department: tutorial. PS3K6 30, ‘Lloyd’, lecturer, male PS2N2 30, ‘Brennan’, lecturer, male PS3K7 ‘Matthew’, student, male Sample containing about 8958 words Sample containing about 4947 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context HYE Pearson preliminary results: presenta- HYM Nottingham University Economics tion and press and analysts’ questions. Department: agricultural economics PS2YH ‘Michael’, chief executive officer, male lecture. PS2YJ ‘Frank’, chairman, male PS3K8 30, ‘Chris’, lecturer, male PS2YK ‘James’, male PS2YL ‘Mark’, reporter, male Sample containing about 4490 words PS2YM ‘Jason’, reporter, male speech recorded in educational context PS2YN ‘Richard’, reporter, male PS2YP ‘Raymond’, reporter, male HYN Nottingham University Economics PS2YR ‘William’, reporter, male Department: agricultural economics PS2YS ‘Roger’, reporter, male tutorial. Sample containing about 12023 words PS3K9 30, ‘Tim’, lecturer, male speech recorded in business context HYNPS000 HYF Pearson analyst presentation: ana- Sample containing about 5248 words lysts’ meeting. speech recorded in educational context PS302 ‘Michael’, male HYP Nottingham University Economics De- PS303 ‘Frank’, chief executive, male partment: tutorial. PS304 ‘James’, financial director, male PS3KA 30, ‘Lloyd’, lecturer, male PS305 ‘David’, male PS3KB ‘Nadine’, student, female PS306 ‘Mark’, male PS3KC ‘Lyn’, student, female PS307 ‘Mark’, male PS3KD student, male HYFPS000 PS3KE student, male Sample containing about 6368 words Sample containing about 6147 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in educational context 12. List of works excerpted 261

HYR Nottingham University Economics HYY British Association of Industrial Edi- Department: lecture. tors - Edinburgh Internal Communica- PS3KF lecturer tions Group: informal meeting. Sample containing about 4523 words PS3L1 32, ‘Peter’, ex bp public affairs, male PS3L2 47, bnc worker, female speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 6809 words HYS Nottingham University Economics De- speech recorded in business context partment: tutorial. PS3KG 30, ‘Tim’, lecturer, male J0P The age of capital 1848-1875. Hob- HYSPS000 sbawm, E J, Abacus, London (1977), Sample containing about 6173 words 203-316. Sample containing about speech recorded in educational context 43183 words from a book (domain: HYT Nottingham University Economics world affairs) Department: lecture. J0R Arcadia. Reid, Christopher, Oxford PS3KH lecturer University Press, Oxford (1979), 1-50. HYTPS000 Sample containing about 5130 words Sample containing about 5789 words from a book (domain: imaginative) speech recorded in educational context J0S Deadly partnership. Roe, C F, Headline HYU Commercial Union training session. Book Publishing plc, London (1992), PS3KJ ‘Dawn’, trainer, female 95-252. Sample containing about PS3KK trainer, male 43043 words from a book (domain: PS3KL ‘Elaine’, insurance company employee, female imaginative) PS3KM ‘John’, insurance company employee, J0T Global geomorphology. Summer- male field, Michael A, Longman Scientific Sample containing about 10605 words & Technical, Harlow (1991), 32-150. speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 45973 words HYV Commercial Union training session. from a book (domain: natural sciences) PS3KN ‘Martin’, trainer, male J0U Involuntary unemployment. Trevithick, PS3KP trainer, female PS3KR ‘Andy’, insurance company employee, J A, Harvester & Wheatsheaf, Hemel male Hempstead (1992), 92-205. Sample PS3KS ‘Margaret’, insurance company em- containing about 41730 words from a ployee, female PS3KT ‘Mark’, insurance company employee, book (domain: social science) male J0V Electronic information resources and PS3KU ‘John’, insurance company employee, male the historian. Ross, Seamus and Higgs, PS3KV ‘Marie’, insurance company employee, Edward, u.p.. Sample containing about female 79435 words of unpublished miscel- PS3KW ‘Nora’, insurance company employee, female lanea (domain: applied science) PS3KX ‘Irene’, insurance company employee, J0W Kenneth Williams: a biography. Free- female land, Michael, George Weidenfeld & Sample containing about 9890 words Nicolson Ltd, London (1990). Sample speech recorded in business context containing about 46050 words from a HYW Commercial Union training session. book (domain: social science) PS3KY trainer, male J0X Letters in the dark. Lomas, Her- Sample containing about 3242 words bert, Oxford University Press, Oxford speech recorded in business context (1986), 8-66. Sample containing about HYX Shropshire County Council: commit- 7378 words from a book (domain: tee meeting. imaginative) PS3L0 ‘Jerry’, councillor, male J0Y A Martian sends a postcard home. Sample containing about 20051 words Raine, Craig, Oxford University Press, speech recorded in public context Oxford (1979), 1-46. Sample contain- 262 12. List of works excerpted

ing about 4166 words from a book (do- J1A Early Music. Oxford University Press, main: imaginative) Oxford (1993-19-19). Sample contain- J10 The Mamur Zapt and the girl in the ing about 46838 words from a periodi- Nile. Pearce, Michael, Fontana Press, cal (domain: arts) London (1992), 5-150. Sample con- J1B FlyPast. Key Publishing, Stamford, taining about 47412 words from a book Lincs (1992-19-19). Sample containing (domain: imaginative) about 27207 words from a periodical J11 Children’s party cakes. Clark, Maxine, (domain: world affairs) Farrow, Joanna and Man, Kathy, Mac- J1C [Leeds United e-mail list]. u.p.. donald & Company (Publrs) Ltd, Lon- Sample containing about 41810 words don (1992), 6-114. Sample containing of unpublished miscellanea (domain: about 30008 words from a book (do- leisure) main: leisure) J1D [Leeds United e-mail list]. u.p.. J12 Physical fluid dynamics. Tritton, D Sample containing about 7660 words J, Oxford University Press, Oxford of unpublished miscellanea (domain: (1988), 278-430. Sample containing leisure) about 41422 words from a book (do- J1E [Leeds United e-mail list]. u.p.. main: natural sciences) Sample containing about 29320 words J13 Payback. James, Russell, Victor Gol- of unpublished miscellanea (domain: lancz Ltd, London (1993). Sample con- leisure) taining about 44607 words from a book J1F [Leeds United e-mail list]. u.p.. (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 28956 words J14 Preventing mental illness. Newton, Jen- of unpublished miscellanea (domain: nifer, Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, leisure) London (1988). Sample containing J1G [Leeds United e-mail list]. u.p.. about 41187 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 44965 words main: social science) of unpublished miscellanea (domain: J15 Economics. u.p. (n.d.), 641-732. Sam- leisure) ple containing about 39632 words of J1H [Leeds United e-mail list]. u.p.. miscellanea (domain: commerce) Sample containing about 48669 words J16 Town and country planning in Britain. of unpublished miscellanea (domain: Cullingworth, J B, Routledge & Kegan leisure) Paul plc, London (1988), 111-208. J1J [Leeds United e-mail list]. u.p.. Sample containing about 39341 words Sample containing about 19787 words from a book (domain: social science) of unpublished miscellanea (domain: J17 A landing on the sun. Frayn, Michael, leisure) Penguin Books, London (1992), 1-130. J1K Women’s Art. Townsend, S (ed.), Sample containing about 44767 words Women artists slide library, London from a book (domain: imaginative) (1991-19-19). Sample containing about J18 Tropical rainforest ecology. Mabber- 23451 words from a periodical (do- ley, D J, Blackie & Son Ltd, London main: arts) (1992), 133-241. Sample containing J1L Speeches by Tony Hall. Hall, Tony, u.p.. about 46171 words from a book (do- Sample containing about 8298 words of main: natural sciences) material written to be spoken (domain: J19 Voices of summer. Pearson, Diane, social science) Corgi Books, London (1993), 133-298. J1M Scottish TV – news scripts. u.p.. Sam- Sample containing about 43423 words ple containing about 38983 words of from a book (domain: imaginative) material written to be spoken (domain: 12. List of works excerpted 263

leisure) ence) J1N Scottish TV – sports news scripts. u.p.. J20 Guinness plc. u.p.. Sample containing Sample containing about 2969 words of about 2375 words of unpublished mis- material written to be spoken (domain: cellanea (domain: leisure) leisure) J21 United Distillers. u.p.. Sample contain- J1P The cost of default. The Law Society, ing about 2798 words of unpublished Great Britain (1992-10), 1-38. Sample miscellanea (domain: applied science) containing about 10225 words of un- J22 Guinness brewing worldwide. u.p.. published miscellanea (domain: com- Sample containing about 1636 words merce) of unpublished miscellanea (domain: J1R The Scottish Council for Development leisure) and Industry annual report. u.p. (n.d.), J23 Alcohol & society: some questions and 1-24. Sample containing about 5261 answers. u.p.. Sample containing about words of unpublished miscellanea (do- 3926 words of unpublished miscellanea main: commerce) (domain: applied science) J1S The Scottish Council for Development J24 Guinness brewing worldwide. u.p.. and Industry annual report. The Scot- Sample containing about 4912 words of tish council for development & indus- unpublished miscellanea (domain: ap- try, Scotland (1990/1919), 1-24. Sam- plied science) ple containing about 5092 words of un- J25 Guinness. u.p.. Sample containing published miscellanea (domain: social about 6954 words of unpublished mis- science) cellanea (domain: applied science) J1T Press News. Renault, London (1993). J26 [Prospectus]. The Henley Research Sample containing about 3741 words Centre, Henley, 1-13. Sample contain- of unpublished miscellanea (domain: ing about 4641 words of unpublished commerce) miscellanea (domain: social science) J1U Press News. Renault, London (1993), J27 Short courses in religious and moral 1-22. Sample containing about 4936 education. u.p.. Sample containing words of unpublished miscellanea (do- about 15302 words of unpublished mis- main: commerce) cellanea (domain: social science) J1V The economic significance of scotch J28 Reporter. National Museums of Scot- whisky. The Scotch whisky associa- land, Edinburgh (1993), 1-8. Sample tion, Scotland, Edinburgh (1992), 1-16. containing about 3342 words of unpub- Sample containing about 5230 words of lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- unpublished miscellanea (domain: ap- ence) plied science) J29 Reporter. National Museums of Scot- J1W Scotch and tax. The Scotch whisky as- land, Edinburgh (1993), 1-8. Sample sociation, Scotland, Edinburgh (1992), containing about 3720 words of unpub- 1-13. Sample containing about 3394 lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- words of unpublished miscellanea (do- ence) main: applied science) J2A Regulations for programmes of the J1X Wavelength. P & O, London (1993). HCIMA professional qualifications. Sample containing about 7539 words HCIMA, England, London (1990), 1- from a periodical (domain: social sci- 33. Sample containing about 7941 ence) words of unpublished miscellanea (do- J1Y Wavelength. P & O, London (1993). main: social science) Sample containing about 9195 words J2B Report & supplement. Somerville Col- from a periodical (domain: social sci- lege, Oxford (1990), 7-105. Sample 264 12. List of works excerpted

containing about 25943 words of mis- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. cellanea (domain: social science) Sample containing about 12095 words J2C University of Oxford. u.p.. Sample from a periodical (domain: applied sci- containing about 9335 words of unpub- ence) lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- J2R The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- ence) tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. J2D Research on animals in Oxford. u.p.. Sample containing about 15657 words Sample containing about 7597 words of from a periodical (domain: applied sci- unpublished miscellanea (domain: nat- ence) ural sciences) J2S The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- J2E Will we ever learn. u.p.. Sample con- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. taining about 4436 words of unpub- Sample containing about 12522 words lished miscellanea (domain: world af- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- fairs) ence) J2F [Unpublished short stories]. Benn, J2T The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- June, u.p.. Sample containing about tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. 7616 words of unpublished miscellanea Sample containing about 14190 words (domain: imaginative) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- J2G Hombre. Leonard, Elmore, Chivers ence) Press, UK (1989), 1-45. Sample con- J2U The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- taining about 11192 words from a book tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 12943 words J2H Chaos [2/2]. Firth, W J, Manchester from a periodical (domain: applied sci- University Press, Manchester (1987), ence) 135-155. Sample containing about J2V The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- 7180 words from a book (domain: nat- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ural sciences) Sample containing about 14010 words J2J Chaos [1/2]. Sparrow, C, Manchester from a periodical (domain: applied sci- University Press, Manchester (1987), ence) 111-131. Sample containing about J2W The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- 7277 words from a book (domain: nat- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ural sciences) Sample containing about 14600 words J2K . Levinson, Stephen C, from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Cambridge University Press, Cam- ence) bridge (1987), 15-111. Sample con- J2X The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- taining about 36715 words from a book tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. (domain: arts) Sample containing about 13628 words J2L Romano-British mosaics. Cookson, from a periodical (domain: applied sci- Neil Andrew, British Archaeological ence) Reports, UK (1984), 3-84. Sample con- J2Y The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- taining about 37959 words from a book tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. (domain: world affairs) Sample containing about 18345 words J2N The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 12728 words J30 The Environment Digest September from a periodical (domain: applied sci- 1991. Wright, Martin (ed.), Environ- ence) mental Publications Ltd (1991). Sample J2P The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- containing about 12054 words from a 12. List of works excerpted 265

periodical (domain: applied science) Sample containing about 12452 words J31 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 12845 words J3B The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13954 words J32 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13544 words J3C The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 14172 words J33 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13749 words J3D The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13949 words J34 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13314 words J3E The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 12090 words J35 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13947 words J3F The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 14306 words J36 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13984 words J3G The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 13586 words J37 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 18308 words J3H The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 14433 words J38 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 14145 words J3J The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 17390 words J39 The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 12051 words J3K The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) Sample containing about 11807 words J3A The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- from a periodical (domain: applied sci- tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. ence) 266 12. List of works excerpted

J3L The Environment Digest. Wright, Mar- PS3NK ‘Dave’, male tin (ed.), Environment Publishers Ltd. PS3NL , male PS3NM , male Sample containing about 10452 words PS3NN major, male from a periodical (domain: applied sci- PS3NP ‘George’, chief fire officer, male ence) PS3NR colonel, male J3M Garrick Society annual general meet- Sample containing about 10168 words ing. speech recorded in public context PS3M7 ‘Keith’, bbc employee, AB, male J3T Shropshire County Council Public Pro- PS3M8 24, ‘Tracy’, DE, female tection Committee: committee meeting. PS3M9 ‘David’, DE, male PS3NS , male PS3MA ‘Graham’, male PS3NT ‘Jennifer’, female PS3MB ‘Joyce’, female PS3NU ‘Dave’, male PS3MC ‘Pam’, female PS3NV ‘George’, chief fire officer, male PS3MD ‘Linda’, female PS3NW colonel, male PS3ME ‘Bert’, male J3TPS000 PS3MF ‘Kenneth’, male Sample containing about 10451 words Sample containing about 5879 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context J3U Friends Provident Insurance training J3N St Helens Aquarist Society annual gen- session. eral meeting. PS3P0 sales person, male PS3MG 50+, ‘Bert’, draughtsman, male PS3P1 sales person, female PS3MH 21+, housewife, female PS3P2 ‘Robert’, salesman, male PS3MJ 21+, ‘Emily’, housewife, female PS3P3 ‘Gareth’, salesman, male PS3MK 35, ‘Robert’, factory worker, male PS3P4 ‘Bill’, instructor, male PS3ML ‘Bill’, retired, male PS3P5 ‘Gill’, instructor, female Sample containing about 6229 words PS3P6 ‘Roger’, male PS3P7 ‘Danny’, male speech recorded in business context J3P Shropshire County Council Social Ser- Sample containing about 7627 words vices Committee: committee meeting. speech recorded in business context PS3MM , male J3V Friends Provident Insurance training PS3MN , male session. PS3MP ‘Mike’, male PS3P8 sales person, female PS3MR ‘Malcolm’, male PS3P9 sales person, male PS3MS , female PS3PA salesman, male PS3MT ‘Tom’, male PS3PB salesman, male PS3MU , male PS3MV ‘George’, male Sample containing about 5831 words J3PPS000 speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 21605 words J3W Royal Yachting Association annual speech recorded in public context general meeting. J3R Shropshire County Council Social Ser- PS3PC ‘Rod’, racing coach, male PS3PD ‘Peter’, male vices Committee: committee meeting. PS3PE ‘John’, male PS3N6 , male PS3PF ‘Chris’, male PS3N7 ‘Mike’, male PS3PG PS3N8 ‘Mike’, male PS3PH ‘Frank’, male PS3N9 , female PS3PJ ‘Richard’, male J3RPS000 PS3PK ‘Bob’, male J3RPS001 J3RPS002 Sample containing about 10488 words speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 13141 words J3X Royal Yachting Association instruction speech recorded in public context video: sailing. J3S Shropshire County Council Public Pro- PS3PN , female tection Committee: committee meeting. PS3PP , female PS3NG , male PS3PR , male PS3NH ‘Jennifer’, female PS3PS , male PS3NJ , male PS3PT , male 12. List of works excerpted 267

PS3PU , female J44 West Sussex Council: Highways Com- PS3PV ‘Suzanne’, female mittee meeting. PS3PW , male PS3PX ‘John’, national sailing coach, male PS3S0 , female Sample containing about 7301 words Sample containing about 9590 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in public context J3Y Gardeners’ Question Time: radio pro- J45 West Sussex Council: Highways Com- gramme. mittee meeting. PS3R1 ‘Stefan’, radio presenter and gardening PS3S1 , female expert, male PS3R2 radio presenter, female Sample containing about 3569 words PS3R3 ‘Fred’, gardening expert, male speech recorded in public context PS3R4 ‘Daphne’, gardening expert, female PS3R5 ‘Walter’, gardening expert, male J52 The blind watchmaker. Dawkins, PS3R6 ‘Frank’, gardening expert, male Richard, Longman, UK (1986), 1-109. Sample containing about 6611 words Sample containing about 46231 words speech recorded in leisure context from a book (domain: natural sciences) J40 British Association of Industrial Editors J53 Design and society. Langdon, Richard, - Edinburgh Internal Communications Cross, Nigel (eds.), The Design Coun- Group: informal meeting. cil, UK (1984), 51-105. Sample con- PS3R7 32, ‘Peter’, ex bp public affairs, male taining about 30994 words from a book PS3R8 47, ‘Anne’, bnc worker, female (domain: arts) PS3R9 52, ‘Susan’, scottish office executive, fe- male J54 The divided house. Raymond, Mary, F PS3RA 38, ‘Tukuse’, japanese teacher, female A Thorpe (Publishing) Ltd, UK (1985), Sample containing about 6642 words 1-236. Sample containing about 37548 speech recorded in business context words from a book (domain: imagina- J41 West Sussex Council: Strategic Plan- tive) ning Committee. J55 Peter Grimes: Gloriana. Britten, Ben- PS3RB , male jamin, John Calder Ltd, UK (1983), 7- PS3RC ‘Harold’, male 69. Sample containing about 15960 PS3RD ‘Chris’, male PS3RE ‘Alan’, male words from a book (domain: arts) PS3RF , female J56 Hamish: the story of a pathfinder. Ma- PS3RG , male PS3RH , male haddie, Gp Capt T G, Ian Allan Ltd, PS3RJ , male London (1989), 11-88. Sample con- PS3RK ‘Jim’, male taining about 43387 words from a book Sample containing about 12888 words (domain: world affairs) speech recorded in public context J57 The British polity. Norton, Philip, J42 West Sussex Council: Strategic Plan- Longman, New York (1984), 3-101. ning Committee meeting. Sample containing about 37078 words PS3RR , male from a book (domain: world affairs) PS3RS ‘Neil’, male PS3RT ‘Harold’, male J59 [Letter concerning control of industrial PS3RU , male major accident hazards]. u.p.. Sample PS3RV ‘Cliff’, female containing about 507 words of unpub- PS3RW , male PS3RX , female lished miscellanea (domain: world af- PS3RY , male fairs) Sample containing about 6599 words J5A Against all odds. Greenpeace. Sample speech recorded in public context containing about 672 words of miscel- J43 West Sussex Council: Social Services lanea (domain: world affairs) Committee meeting. Sample contain- J5B Ecover bio-degradable household ing about 8077 words speech recorded cleaning products. Ecover. Sample in public context containing about 1048 words of mis- 268 12. List of works excerpted

cellanea (domain: leisure) ers, Jonathan, Longman Group UK Ltd, J5C Why Bob Geldof thinks you should read Harlow (1993), 1-99. Sample contain- the New Internationalist. New Interna- ing about 40476 words from a book (do- tionalist. Sample containing about 554 main: social science) words of miscellanea (domain: world J6P Solicitors’ partnerships: the law in affairs) practice. Bonney, Charles, Longman J5D World peace. Greenpeace. ... Sample Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 1-116. containing about 470 words of miscel- Sample containing about 43923 words lanea (domain: world affairs) from a book (domain: social science) J5E 1992: aren’t you sick of it?. Commu- J6R Drafting business leases. Lewison, nist party. Sample containing about 589 Kim, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow words of miscellanea (domain: com- (1993), 1-110. Sample containing about merce) 42064 words from a book (domain: so- J5F Thank God someone’s making waves. cial science) Greenpeace. Sample containing about J6S Management buy-outs. Cooke, Dar- 320 words of miscellanea (domain: ryl J, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- world affairs) low (1993), 1-115. Sample containing J5G Do you want to walk in safety in the about 44302 words from a book (do- countryside?. u.p.. Sample containing main: commerce) about 607 words of miscellanea (do- J6T Drafting commercial agreements. main: world affairs) Christou, Richard, Longman Group J5H Your Communist Euro candidate. Com- UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 1-86. Sample munist party. Sample containing about containing about 40855 words from a 711 words of miscellanea (domain: book (domain: commerce) world affairs) J6U County court practice handbook. J5J Facing the future. Communist party. Blackford, Robert, Longman Group Sample containing about 398 words of UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 18-143. Sam- miscellanea (domain: world affairs) ple containing about 44591 words from J5K The more the Government does, the less a book (domain: social science) you’re free to do. National front. . J6V Damages for personal injury and Sample containing about 141 words of death (5th edition). Pre-trial con- miscellanea (domain: world affairs) siderationsMantle, PeterKemp, David J5L [Fund-raising tandem trek sponsor (ed.)(5th edition)., Longman Group UK form]. BDAFSA. Sample containing Ltd, Harlow (1993), 1-51. Sample con- about 263 words of unpublished miscel- taining about 22621 words from a book lanea (domain: world affairs) (domain: social science) J5M The London whale walk. Greenpeace. J6W Damages for personal injury and Sample containing about 495 words of death (5th edition). Damages on miscellanea (domain: world affairs) deathSaunt, ThomasKemp, David J5N ANC catalogue. African National (ed.)(5th edition). , Longman Group Congress. Sample containing about 439 UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 52-68. Sample words of miscellanea (domain: world containing about 7236 words from a affairs) book (domain: social science) J5P [Correspondence concerning property J6X Damages for personal injury and death purchase]. u.p.. Sample containing (5th edition). Damages for non- about 839 words of unpublished miscel- pecuniary lossKemp, David(5th edi- lanea (domain: social science) tion). Kemp, David (ed.), Longman J6N The acquisition of business assets. My- Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 69-100. 12. List of works excerpted 269

Sample containing about 13309 words man Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1990), from a book (domain: social science) 1-91. Sample containing about 44653 J6Y Dispute resolution: expert determina- words from a book (domain: social sci- tion. Kendall, John, Longman Group ence) UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 1-140. Sample J79 Moeran’s practical conveyancing. containing about 48301 words from a Coates, R M, Longman Group UK book (domain: commerce) Ltd, Harlow (1991), 1-119. Sample J70 Futures trading law and regulation. containing about 42638 words from a Bonham, John, Longman Group UK book (domain: social science) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 1-20. Sample con- J7A Non-resident trusts. Soares, Patrick taining about 7114 words from a book C, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow (domain: commerce) (1993), 1-104. Sample containing about J71 Futures trading law and regulation. 46139 words from a book (domain: Abrams, Charles, Longman Group UK commerce) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 21-44. Sample J7B Restraint of trade and business se- containing about 9369 words from a crets: law and practice. Mehigan, Si- book (domain: commerce) mon, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- J72 Futures trading law and regulation. low (1991), 1-92. Sample containing Innes, Ros, Longman Group UK Ltd, about 45459 words from a book (do- Harlow (1993), 45-68. Sample contain- main: commerce) ing about 9896 words from a book (do- J7C Drafting standard terms of trading. main: commerce) Bradgate, Robert, Longman Group UK J73 Futures trading law and regulation. Ltd, Harlow (1991), 1-97. Sample con- Frase, A R G, Longman Group UK Ltd, taining about 45149 words from a book Harlow (1993), 73-96. Sample contain- (domain: commerce) ing about 9907 words from a book (do- J7D Sale and supply of goods. Davies, main: commerce) Iwan, Longman Group UK Ltd, Har- J74 Futures trading law and regulation. Ot- low (1990), 1-90. Sample containing tino, Peter, Longman Group UK Ltd, about 45824 words from a book (do- Harlow (1993), 104-114. Sample con- main: commerce) taining about 4003 words from a book J7E Takeovers. Stedman, Graham, Long- (domain: commerce) man Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1993). J75 Know-how for personal injury lawyers. Sample containing about 46463 words Walker, Ian, Longman Group UK Ltd, from a book (domain: commerce) Harlow (1993), 5-122. Sample contain- J7F Language and Literature Volume 1 No. ing about 31038 words from a book (do- Stockwell, Peter, Longman Group UK main: social science) Ltd, Harlow (1992), 79-98. 2 1992. J76 Child protection law. Feldman, Linda, Sample containing about 8211 words Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow from a periodical (domain: arts) (1992), 1-129. Sample containing about J7G Language and Literature Volume 1 No. 43545 words from a book (domain: so- Green, Keith, Longman Group UK Ltd, cial science) Harlow (1992). 2 1992. Sample con- J77 Commercial leases: tenants’ amend- taining about 5147 words from a peri- ments. Sweet, Robert, Longman Group odical (domain: arts) UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 1-127. Sample J7H Language and Literature Volume 1 No. containing about 43917 words from a Semino, Elena, Longman Group UK book (domain: commerce) Ltd, Harlow (1992), 135-140. 2 1992. J78 Media law. Robertson, Geoffrey, Long- Sample containing about 1991 words 270 12. List of works excerpted

from a periodical (domain: arts) McRae, John, Longman Group UK Ltd, J7J Language and Literature Volume 1 No. Harlow (1993), 75-76. 1 1993. Sample Culpeper, Jonathan, Longman Group containing about 753 words from a pe- UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 141-143. 2 riodical (domain: arts) 1992. Sample containing about 1346 J7W Language and Literature Volume 2 No. words from a periodical (domain: arts) Bennison, Neil, Longman Group UK J7K Language and Literature Volume 1 No. Ltd, Harlow (1993), 79-98. 2 1993. Bex, Tony, Longman Group UK Ltd, Sample containing about 9052 words Harlow (1992), 143-145. 2 1992. Sam- from a periodical (domain: arts) ple containing about 1651 words from a J7X Language and Literature Volume 2 No. periodical (domain: arts) Blakemore, Diane, Longman Group J7L Language and Literature Volume 1 UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 101-119. 2 No. Bellard-Thomson, Carol, Longman 1993. Sample containing about 7642 Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1992), 146- words from a periodical (domain: arts) 147. 2 1992. Sample containing about J7Y Language and Literature Volume 2 No. 1247 words from a periodical (domain: Downes, William, Longman Group UK arts) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 121-128. 2 1993. J7M Language and Literature Volume 1 No. Sample containing about 3044 words Semino, Elena, Longman Group UK from a periodical (domain: arts) Ltd, Harlow (1992), 147-150. 2 1992. J80 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. Sample containing about 1571 words Wales, Katie, Longman Group UK Ltd, from a periodical (domain: arts) Harlow (1993), 137-138. 2 1993. Sam- J7P Language and Literature Volume 2 No. ple containing about 1226 words from a Nash, Walter, Longman Group UK Ltd, periodical (domain: arts) Harlow (1993), 19-34. 1. Sample con- J81 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. taining about 7135 words from a peri- Green, Keith, Longman Group UK Ltd, odical (domain: arts) Harlow (1993), 138-139. 2 1993. Sam- J7R Language and Literature Volume 2 No. ple containing about 578 words from a Black, Elizabeth, Longman Group UK periodical (domain: arts) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 37-47. 1 1993. J82 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. Sample containing about 5354 words Cunico, Sonia, Longman Group UK from a periodical (domain: arts) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 141-143. 2 1993. J7S Language and Literature Volume 2 No. Sample containing about 1613 words Barney, Tom, Longman Group UK Ltd, from a periodical (domain: arts) Harlow (1993), 49-59. 1 1993. Sam- J83 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. ple containing about 2627 words from a Semino, Elena, Longman Group UK periodical (domain: arts) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 146-148. 2 1993. J7T Language and Literature Volume 2 No. Sample containing about 1120 words Tzanne, Angeliki, Longman Group UK from a periodical (domain: arts) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 63-67. 1 1993. J84 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. Sample containing about 1512 words McCully, Chris, Longman Group UK from a periodical (domain: arts) Ltd, Harlow (1993), 148-150. 2 1993. J7U Language and Literature Volume 2 No. Sample containing about 1379 words Butler, Lance St John, Longman Group from a periodical (domain: arts) UK Ltd, Harlow (1993), 70-72. 1 1993. J85 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. Sample containing about 1490 words Clark, Billy, Longman Group UK Ltd, from a periodical (domain: arts) Harlow (1993), 151-153. 2 1993. Sam- J7V Language and Literature Volume 2 No. ple containing about 1485 words from a 12. List of works excerpted 271

periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 11906 words J86 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. speech recorded in leisure context Currie, Mark, Longman Group UK Ltd, J8J Drugs: television discussion. Harlow (1993), 183-195. 3 1993. Sam- J8JPS000 ple containing about 5165 words from a J8JPS001 J8JPS002 periodical (domain: arts) J8JPS003 J87 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. J8JPS004 J8JPS005 Soyland, John, Longman Group UK J8JPS006 Ltd, Harlow (1993), 225-227. 3 1993. J8JPS007 Sample containing about 977 words J8JPS008 from a periodical (domain: arts) Sample containing about 4965 words J88 Language and Literature Volume 2 No. speech recorded in leisure context Wales, Katie, Longman Group UK Ltd, J8K Bioenergetics: lecture. Harlow (1993), 227-231. 3 1993. Sam- PS3SE 40+, lecturer, male ple containing about 2489 words from a Sample containing about 6648 words periodical (domain: arts) speech recorded in educational context J89 Language and Literature Volume 1 No. J8M Albert Gunter: sermon. Simpson, Paul, Longman Group UK PS1RE ‘Albert’, minister, male Ltd, Harlow (1993), 47-65. 1 1992. Sample containing about 2667 words Sample containing about 6876 words speech recorded in public context from a periodical (domain: arts) J8Y Albert Gunter: sermon. J8B Audio Description Action Group: meet- PS1RY ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, male ing. Sample containing about 6706 words PS3S2 30+, ‘Robert’, arts officer, male speech recorded in public context PS3S3 30+, ‘Brian’, theatre manager, male PS3S4 50+, ‘Iris’, audio services, female J90 Albert Gunter: sermon. PS3S5 30+, ‘Jane’, social worker, female PS1S0 ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, male PS3S6 40+, ‘Cathy’, social worker, female Sample containing about 5418 words Sample containing about 13750 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context J91 Maths tutorial. J8D Teachers’ conference: discussing tuto- PS3SR 50, ‘John’, tutor, male rial programme. PS3SS 16, ‘Ruben’, student, male PS3S7 40+, ‘Rod’, male Sample containing about 12156 words J8DPS000 speech recorded in educational context J8DPS001 J8DPS002 J92 University of York Student Union Enter- J8DPS003 tainments Committee meeting. J8DPS004 PS3ST ‘Thomas’, student, male Sample containing about 20496 words PS3SU ‘Andy’, student, male PS3SV ‘Dave’, student, male speech recorded in educational context PS3SW 23, ‘Pete’, student, male J8F Harlow Record Office - recollections of PS3SX student, male Harlow: interview. PS3SY ‘John’, student, male PS3T0 19, ‘Becky’, student, female PS1MU , female PS3T1 19, ‘Chris’, student, male PS1MV 74, retired, female PS3T2 student, male Sample containing about 6769 words Sample containing about 7419 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in business context J8G Life in Harlow: interview by Harlow J94 Nottingham University, Economics Study Centre. Dept. PS1N3 , female PS3TJ lecturer, male PS1N4 electrical retailer, male PS3TK ‘Adrian’, student, male PS1N5 , female PS3TL ‘Helen’, student, female 272 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 5028 words J9C Lincolnshire County Council: board speech recorded in educational context meeting. J95 Nottingham University, Economics PS3UY ‘Graham’, chairman, All participants are Dept. work colleagues., male PS3V1 ‘Weller’, councillor PS3TN lecturer, male PS3V3 ‘Wyle’, councillor Sample containing about 4366 words PS3V5 ‘Noel’, male PS3V7 ‘Taylor’, councillor speech recorded in educational context J97 British Market Research Bureau Sample containing about 3982 words monthly meeting. speech recorded in public context PS3U2 ‘John’, managing director, male J9D Lincolnshire: Board meeting. PS3U3 ‘Stella’, director, female PS3V9 chairman, All participants are work col- PS3U4 ‘John’, departmental chairman, male leagues., male PS3U5 ‘Richard’, administrator, male PS3VA ‘Graham’, male PS3U6 ‘Alan’, director, male PS3VB ‘Burrel’, councillor, male PS3U7 ‘Rita’, director, female PS3VC ‘Michael’, male PS3UA ‘Caroline’, consultant, female PS3VD ‘Dodsworth’, male PS3VE ‘Foster’, female Sample containing about 10869 words PS3VF ‘Golding’, female speech recorded in business context PS3VG ‘Chris’, male J98 Herts County Council: committee meet- PS3VH ‘Hill’, councillor, male ing. Sample containing about 15137 words PS3UD speech recorded in public context J98PS000 J9E Lincolnshire: Board meeting. J98PS001 PS3VU chairman, All participants are work col- Sample containing about 425 words leagues., male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 430 words J99 Herts County Council: committee meet- speech recorded in public context ing. J9F Bradford Metropolitan Council: meet- PS3UE ing. Sample containing about 3728 J99PS000 words speech recorded in public context J99PS001 J99PS002 J9G Bradford Metropolitan Council: meet- Sample containing about 399 words ing. Sample containing about 6086 speech recorded in public context words speech recorded in public context J9A Bushey Writing Group: poetry and J9H Bradford Metropolitan Council: meet- prose writing. ing. Sample containing about 5465 PS3UF ‘Fred’, male words speech recorded in public context PS3UG ‘Janet’, female J9J Bradford Metropolitan Council: meet- PS3UH ‘Kath’, female ing. Sample containing about 4195 PS3UJ ‘Peter’, male PS3UK ‘Ann’, female words speech recorded in public context PS3UL ‘Cybil’, female J9K Bradford Metropolitan Council: meet- Sample containing about 12750 words ing. Sample containing about 7058 speech recorded in educational context words speech recorded in public context J9B Lincolnshire County Council: board J9L Bradford Metropolitan Council: meet- meeting. ing. Sample containing about 6959 PS3UM ‘Graham’, chairman, All participants are words speech recorded in public context work colleagues., male J9M Leicestershire County Council: coun- PS3UN ‘Paul’, male PS3UP ‘Weller’, councillor cil chambers. PS3UR ‘Morbey’, councillor PS3WK chairman, All participants are work col- PS3US ‘Wyle’, councillor leagues., male PS3UW ‘Taylor’, councillor PS3WL ‘Roberts’, councillor, male PS3WM ‘Ryan’, councillor, male Sample containing about 14970 words PS3WN ‘Clements’, councillor speech recorded in public context PS3WP ‘Parsons’, councillor 12. List of works excerpted 273

PS3WR ‘Buxton’, councillor PS3XT 20+, ‘Mr Christopher Timothy’, legal PS3WS ‘Avanby’, councillor representative, for Wood Framton, male PS3WT ‘Pritcher’, councillor PS3WU ‘Radford’, councillor Sample containing about 11025 words speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 17200 words J9T EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, speech recorded in public context day 5, morning session: public county J9N MFI interim figures presentation: press council planning meeting. announcement. PS3Y4 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of PS3XC 55+, ‘Derek’, chairman of the board, AB, the environment adjudicator, Chairperson., male male PS3XD 40+, ‘John’, financial director, male PS3Y5 40+, ‘Mr Peter Davies’, solicitor, for J9NPS000 North Yorkshire County Council, male J9NPS001 PS3Y6 40+, ‘D Whittaker’, senior inspector, fe- J9NPS002 male J9NPS003 PS3Y7 35+, ‘Roy Donson’, legal representative, J9NPS004 for House Builders’ Federation, male J9NPS005 PS3Y8 30+, ‘Mr Malcolm Spittle’, legal rep- Sample containing about 5002 words resentative, for North Yorkshire County Council, male speech recorded in business context PS3Y9 30+, ‘Mr P Brighton’, solicitor, male J9P Charity committee meeting. PS3YA 50+, ‘Mr Terry Heselton’, legal represen- PS3XE 26, ‘Wendy’, charity administrator, fe- tative, for Selby District Council, male male PS3YB 30+, ‘Mr J Cunnane’, solicitor, represent- PS3XF 56, ‘Emmy’, founder and managing di- ing Sam Smiths Tadcaster Brewery, male rector of charity., female PS3YC 30+, ‘Mr R Girt’, legal representative, for J9PPS000 Leeds City Council, male J9PPS001 Sample containing about 21019 words J9PPS002 speech recorded in public context J9PPS003 J9PPS004 J9U EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, J9PPS005 day 5, afternoon session: public county Sample containing about 16246 words council planning meeting. speech recorded in public context PS3YR 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of the environment adjudicator, Chairperson., J9R Technical meeting. male PS3XG 40, ‘Dr Rob Fletcher’, computer support PS3YS 30+, ‘Mr Mills’, legal representative, department administrator, male male PS3XH 26, ‘Aaron Turner’, computer technician, PS3YT 40+, ‘Mr G Arrowsmith’, solicitor, male Speaks (fascinatingly) with both a stammer PS3YU 50+, ‘Mr W Terry Byrne’, legal repre- and a stutter., male sentative, for local Residents’ Association, Sample containing about 2637 words male PS3YV 30+, ‘Mr D Allenby’, legal representa- speech recorded in public context tive, for Harrogate Borough Council, male J9S EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, PS3YW 40+, ‘D Whittaker’, senior department of the environment inspector, female day 5, evening session: public county PS3YX ‘Mr Alan Williams’, legal representative, council planning meeting. for North Yorkshire County Council., male PS3XJ 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of Sample containing about 27270 words the environment adjudicator, Chairperson., male speech recorded in public context PS3XK 30+, ‘Mr R Girt’, legal representative, for J9V EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, Leeds City Council, male day 7, morning session: public county PS3XL 45+, ‘Mr Michael Courcier’, solicitor, male council planning meeting. PS3XM 40+, ‘Mr Peter Davies’, legal represen- J9VPS000 tative, for North Yorkshire County Council, J9VPS001 male J9VPS002 PS3XN 20+, ‘Miss Fiona Firth’, solicitor, female J9VPS003 PS3XP 30+, ‘Mr Paul Brighton’, solicitor, male J9VPS004 PS3XR 60+, ‘Mr George Whip’, legal represen- J9VPS005 tative, for Flaxton Parish Council, male J9VPS006 PS3XS 40+, ‘D Whittaker’, senior department of J9VPS007 the environment inspector, female J9VPS008 274 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 18554 words JA6 Meeting. speech recorded in public context PS418 50+, ‘Tom’, male PS419 25+, male J9X Job interview. PS41A 60+, ‘Adrian’, male PS40G 54, ‘Rod’, professional interviewer, male PS41B 30+, ‘David’, male PS40H 46, ‘Ron’, salesman, Interviewee., male Sample containing about 4907 words Sample containing about 11886 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in business context JA8 French conversation class. J9Y Job interview. PS41E 45, ‘Mrs J Long’, schoolteacher, female PS40J 54, ‘Rod’, professional interviewer, male PS41F 9, ‘Phillip’, school pupil, male PS40K 41, ‘Douglas’, salesperson, Interviewee, PS41G 9, ‘Kieran’, school pupil, male male PS41H 9, ‘Richard’, school pupil, male Sample containing about 10917 words PS41J 9, ‘Christopher’, school pupil, male PS41K 9, ‘Katrina’, school pupil, female speech recorded in business context PS41L 9, ‘Josephone’, school pupil, female JA0 Interview. PS41M 9, ‘Stacey’, school pupil, female PS40L 54, ‘Rod’, professional interviewer, male PS41N 9, ‘Lee’, school pupil, male PS40M 33, ‘Patrick’, salesperson, Interviewee, Sample containing about 2373 words male speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 9141 words JA9 Local Government Ombudsman office: speech recorded in business context planning meeting. JA1 Interview. PS41Y 30+, ‘Anita’, team leader, female PS40N 54, ‘Rod’, professional interviewer, male PS420 26, ‘Graham’, assistant administrator, PS40P 38, ‘Lynda’, salesperson, Interviewee, fe- male male PS421 30+, ‘Rob’, team leader, male Sample containing about 8150 words PS422 40+, ‘Richard’, team leader, male PS423 50+, transport organizer, female speech recorded in business context PS424 50+, ‘David’, administrator, Chairing JA2 Interview. meeting, male PS40R 54, ‘Rod’, professional interviewer, male PS425 40+, ‘Marlene’, team leader, female PS40S 53, ‘Trevor’, salesperson, male PS426 20+, ‘Karen’, female Sample containing about 10857 words Sample containing about 14128 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in business context JA3 Interview. JAA Science demonstration lesson. PS40T 54, ‘Rod’, professional interviewer, male PS427 34, ‘Mr H A Redfern’, schoolteacher, PS40U 46, ‘Richard’, salesperson, Interviewee., male male PS428 40+, ‘Mrs Trinder’, schoolteacher, or non- teaching assistant., female Sample containing about 7970 words PS429 9, ‘Chris’, school pupil, male speech recorded in business context PS42A 9, ‘Louise’, school pupil, female JA4 Interview. PS42B 9, ‘Jennifer’, school pupil, female PS42C 9, ‘Phillip’, school pupil, male PS40V 54, ‘Rod’, professional interviewer, male PS42D 9, ‘Jody’, school pupil, female PS40W 41, ‘Robert’, salesperson, Interviewee., PS42E 9, ‘Alan’, school pupil, male male PS42F 9, ‘Steven’, school pupil, male Sample containing about 13568 words Sample containing about 4687 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in educational context JA5 Southwell Parish Council: meeting of JAB Classroom history lead session. parish council for small town. PS42V 45+, ‘P Lynch’, schoolteacher, female PS40X 30+, ‘Lynn’, Chairperson, female PS42W 9, ‘Kieran’, school pupil, male PS40Y 30+, ‘Steve’, Clerk, male PS42X 9, ‘Daisy’, school pupil, female PS410 45+, ‘David’, male PS42Y 9, ‘Jennifer’, school pupil, female PS411 45+, ‘Roger’, businessman, male PS430 9, ‘Katrina’, school pupil, female PS412 45+, ‘Christine’, female PS431 9, ‘Phillip’, school pupil, male PS413 60+, ‘Madeleine’, female PS432 9, ‘Adam’, school pupil, male PS414 50+, ‘Stuart’, male PS433 51, ‘Mr Rose’, retired music teacher, Mak- PS415 50+, ‘Peter’, male ing recording., male Sample containing about 9639 words Sample containing about 2235 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in educational context 12. List of works excerpted 275

JAC EIP meeting at Strensall, day 6, morn- Sample containing about 2836 words ing session: public county council plan- speech recorded in educational context ning meeting. JJ7 Training session. PS434 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of the PS446 ‘David’, trainer, further information not environment adjudicator, male given, male PS435 50+, ‘Mr Ken Williamson’, legal represen- PS447 ‘John’, no further information given, male tative, for North Yorkshire County Council, PS448 ‘Bill’, no further information given, male male PS449 ‘Rosie’, technical leader, female PS436 40+, ‘Mr David Potter’, legal representa- tive, for North Yorkshire County Council, Sample containing about 10802 words male speech recorded in business context PS437 40+, ‘Miss D Whittaker’, department of the environment senior inspector, female JJ8 Commercial Union: training session. PS438 30+, ‘Mr David Curtis’, legal representa- PS44A no respondent information given tive, for York City Council, male JJ8PS000 PS439 35+, ‘Mr Les Saunders’, legal represen- tative, for Department of the Environment, Sample containing about 7139 words male speech recorded in business context PS43A 40+, ‘Professor David Lock’, legal repre- sentative, for David Lock Associates, male JJ9 Hertfordshire County Council: Envi- PS43B 20+, ‘Miss Fiona Firth’, legal representa- ronment Committee meeting. tive, for Montague Evans, female PS44B councillor, male PS43C 30+, ‘Mr Dave Girt’, legal representative, PS44C councillor, male for Leeds City Council, male PS44D chairman, male Sample containing about 10866 words PS44F ‘Tony’, councillor, male PS44G councillor, male speech recorded in public context PS44H councillor, male JAD EIP meeting at Strensall, day 6, af- PS44J ‘York’, councillor, male ternoon session: public county council PS44K councillor, male planning meeting. Sample containing about 10312 words PS43K 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of the speech recorded in public context environment adjudicator, male JJA Hertfordshire County Council: Envi- PS43L 30+, ‘Mr Joe Cunnane’, legal representa- tive, for J C Cunnane Associates, male ronment Committee meeting. PS43M 40+, ‘Professor David Lock’, legal repre- PS44R councillor, male sentative, for David Lock Associates, male PS44S councillor, male PS43N 40+, ‘Miss D Whittaker’, department of PS44T chairman, male the environment senior inspector, female PS44U councillor PS43P 40+, ‘Mr David Potter’, legal representa- PS44V ‘Tony’, councillor, male tive, for North Yorkshire County Council, PS44W councillor, male male PS44X councillor, male PS43R 50+, ‘Mr Terry Heselton’, legal represen- PS44Y ‘York’, councillor, male tative, for Selby District Council, male PS450 councillor, male PS43S 30+, ‘Mr David Allenby’, legal represen- tative, for Harrogate District Council, male Sample containing about 9455 words PS43T 50+, ‘Mr Laycock’, legal representative, speech recorded in public context for Harrogate Civic Society, male PS43U 40+, ‘Mr Steel’, legal representative, for JJC Estate agency: interview. Richmondshire District Council, male PS45K estate agent, no further information given, Sample containing about 21570 words male PS45L buyer, no further information given, fe- speech recorded in public context male JAE Interview. Sample containing about 1066 words PS443 54, ‘Rod’, interviewer, male PS444 50, ‘Maggie’, salesperson, Interviewee, speech recorded in business context female JJD Bradford Metropolitan Council: de- Sample containing about 5819 words bate. Sample containing about 8346 speech recorded in business context words speech recorded in public context JJ6 Nottingham University: lecture. JJE Bradford Metropolitan Council: de- PS445 lecturer, no further information given, AB, bate. Sample containing about 7834 male words speech recorded in public context 276 12. List of works excerpted

JJF Bradford Metropolitan Council: de- PS46X ‘Louisa’, pupil, female bate. Sample containing about 3960 PS46Y pupil, no further information given, fe- male words speech recorded in public context PS470 pupil, no further information given, fe- JJG Wiltshire County Council: committee male meeting. PS471 ‘Tisha’, pupil, no further information given, female PS45P ‘Cole’, no further information provided, PS472 ‘Daniel’, pupil, male male PS473 ‘Stuart’, pupil, no further information PS45R no further information provided, male given, male PS45S ‘Coleman’, no further information pro- PS474 ‘Clair’, pupil, female vided, male PS45T ‘Small’, no further information provided, Sample containing about 2954 words male speech recorded in educational context PS45U ‘Chalk’, no further information provided, male JJS Bacons College: lesson. PS45V ‘Pager’, no further information provided, PS47D lecturer, no further information given, male male PS45W ‘Okinson’, no further information pro- PS47E ‘Berkam’, pupil, male vided, male PS47F teacher, no further information given, fe- PS45X ‘Caplan’, no further information pro- male vided, male PS47G no further information given, female PS45Y no further information provided, male PS47H ‘David’, pupil, no further information given, male Sample containing about 19668 words PS47J pupil, female speech recorded in public context PS47K teacher, male PS47L pupil JJH Tarmac Construction Ltd training ses- PS47M teacher sion. Sample containing about 10288 words PS46G further information not given, female speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 14851 words JJT Whiteside v. Sample containing about speech recorded in business context 12387 words speech recorded in public JJJ Bristol University: training session. context PS46H no further respondent information given JJU Whiteside v. Sample containing about 70 words PS47X ‘Hidden’, judge speech recorded in educational context PS47Y barrister, AB, male JJL Student seminar on absolute egalitari- Sample containing about 13120 words anism in China. speech recorded in public context PS46K ‘Philip’, male JJV O’Halloran v. Sample containing about 15919 words PS480 ‘Drake’, judge, AB, male PS481 ‘Cox’, female speech recorded in educational context PS482 ‘Bate’, male JJN Bristol University history department: PS483 ‘Elaine’, female seminar. PS484 ‘Clive’, police inspector, male PS485 ‘Michael’, detective constable, male PS46M no further information given PS486 ‘Denser’, male JJNPS000 PS487 ‘Michael’, police superintendent, male Sample containing about 14229 words Sample containing about 12295 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in public context JJP Friends Provident Insurance: training JJW O’Halloran v. session. PS488 ‘Michael’, police superintendent, male PS46N saleswoman, female PS489 ‘Drake’, judge, AB, male PS46R salesman, male PS48A ‘Denser’, barrister, male PS46T ‘Martin’, instructor, male PS48B ‘Isles’, police sergeant, male PS46U ‘Maggie’, instructor, female PS48C ‘John’, police sergeant, male Sample containing about 11473 words Sample containing about 11531 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in public context JJR Bacons College: lesson. JJX Hearing. PS46V lecturer, no further information given PS48D judge, no further information, male PS46W pupil, no further information given, male PS48E counsel, no further information given 12. List of works excerpted 277

PS48F no further information given, male board.Occasional use of viewgraph projec- tions and flip chart in demonstration an- Sample containing about 6396 words swers. , female speech recorded in public context PS4AE ‘David’, trainer, male JJY High Court of Justice: hearing. PS4AF ‘John’, trainee, male PS4AG ‘Gerald’, trainee, male PS48G no further respondent information given PS4AH ‘Sue’, trainee, female JJYPS000 PS4AJ ‘Janet’, trainee, female JJYPS001 PS4AK ‘June’, trainee, female Sample containing about 4963 words PS4AL ‘Philip’, trainee, male speech recorded in public context PS4AM ‘Ilias’, trainee, male JK0 Royal Courts: hearing. Sample containing about 10708 words PS48H no further information given speech recorded in business context JK0PS000 JK8 Abbey Life introduction course: train- JK0PS001 JK0PS002 ing. JK0PS003 PS4AS 30, ‘Carol’, trainer, Training session in- cludes a five minute written exerciseand Sample containing about 13037 words thirty minute video lecture. , female speech recorded in public context PS4AT ‘David’, training seesions, male PS4AU ‘John’, trainee, male JK1 Scientific research - the whole truth?: PS4AV ‘Gerald’, trainee, male seminar. PS4AW ‘Sue’, trainee, female PS48L 60, ‘Rolf’, student, male PS4AX ‘Janet’, janet, female PS48P ‘Colin’, tutor, male PS4B0 ‘Philip’, trainee, male PS4B1 ‘Ilias’, trainee, male Sample containing about 8802 words speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 9396 words JK2 The anthem of nations: seminar. speech recorded in business context PS48R ‘Colin’, tutor, male JK9 Abbey Life introduction course: train- Sample containing about 7104 words ing. PS4B7 30, ‘Carol’, trainer, Occasional use of speech recorded in educational context viewgraph projections and flip chart in JK5 Trinity School: classroom interaction. demonstration answers., female PS495 ‘Dexter’, teacher, male PS4B8 ‘David’, training seesions, male PS496 ‘James’, AB, male PS4B9 ‘John’, trainee, male PS497 ‘Graham’, student, male PS4BA ‘Gerald’, trainee, male PS498 ‘Martina’, student, female PS4BB ‘Sue’, trainee, female PS499 ‘Paul’, student, male PS4BC ‘Janet’, janet, female PS49A ‘Craig’, student, male PS4BE ‘Philip’, trainee, male PS49B ‘Lisa’, student, female PS4BF ‘Ilias’, trainee, male PS49C ‘Stephen’, student, male Sample containing about 10352 words PS49D ‘Daniel’, student, male speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 10998 words JN6 Air UK sales meeting. speech recorded in educational context PS4BK ‘Gary’, sales executive, AB, male JK6 Classroom interaction. PS4BL ‘Brett’, sales executive, DE, male PS49U ‘Rachael’, pupil, female PS4BM ‘Stuart’, sales executive, DE, male PS49V ‘Evelyn’, pupil, female PS4BN ‘Mike’, sales executive, male PS49W ‘Claire’, pupil, female Sample containing about 16742 words PS49X ‘Catherine’, pupil, female PS49Y ‘Lawrence’, pupil, male speech recorded in business context PS4A0 ‘Nicholas’, pupil, male JN7 Air UK sales meeting. PS4A1 ‘Michael’, pupil, male PS4BP sales executive, male PS4A2 ‘Edward’, pupil, male PS4BR sales executive, male PS4A3 ‘David’, pupil, male PS4BS ‘Stuart’, sales executive, male Sample containing about 3964 words PS4BT ‘Mike’, sales executive, male PS4BU ‘Brett’, sales executive, male speech recorded in educational context JK7 Abbey Life introduction course: train- Sample containing about 6215 words ing. speech recorded in business context PS4AD 30, ‘Carol’, trainer, Quiz style ses- JN8 Northern Development Company: sion with scores recorded on black- meeting. 278 12. List of works excerpted

PS4BV no further information given PS4E3 ‘Sally’, chair, female JN8PS000 PS4E4 no further information given, male Sample containing about 1437 words PS4E5 no further information given, male speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 10379 words JNB Leicestershire County Council: debate. speech recorded in public context PS4C4 no further information given, male JNG Save The Children: meeting. PS4C5 ‘Taylor’, no further information given, PS4EG ‘Sally’, chair, female male PS4EH ‘Janet’, shop manageress, female PS4C6 ‘Setchfield’, no further information given, PS4EJ ‘Kathy’, area rep, female female PS4EK ‘Jacquie’, shop leader, female PS4C7 ‘Beale’, no further information given, fe- PS4EL ‘Elise’, no further information given, fe- male male PS4C8 ‘Beale’, no further information given, PS4EM ‘Ismar’, student, no further information male given, female PS4C9 ‘Joranpucher’, no further information PS4EN ‘Nicholas’, director general, male given, male PS4EP ‘Mike’, chair, male PS4CA ‘Bury’, no further information given, fe- PS4ER ‘Mark’, no further information given, male male PS4CB ‘Willmott’, no further information given, male Sample containing about 10008 words PS4CC ‘Howard’, no further information given, speech recorded in public context male JNH Annual general meeting. Sample containing about 17325 words PS4ES no further information given speech recorded in public context JNHPS000 JNHPS001 JND Training session. JNHPS002 PS4DB no further information given, male JNHPS003 PS4DC ‘Kathy’, no further information given, fe- JNHPS004 male PS4DD ‘Lee’, no further information given, male Sample containing about 5265 words PS4DE ‘Marcus’, no further information given, speech recorded in business context male PS4DF ‘Greg’, no further information given, JNJ Annual general meeting. male PS4ET no further information given PS4DG ‘Ian’, no further information given, male JNJPS000 PS4DH ‘Lisa’, no further information given, fe- JNJPS001 male JNJPS002 PS4DJ ‘Neil’, no further information given, male JNJPS003 JNJPS004 Sample containing about 13435 words JNJPS005 speech recorded in business context JNJPS006 JNE High Court of Justice: hearing. JNJPS007 PS4DK ‘Beaumont’, police officer, male Sample containing about 5493 words PS4DL judge, male speech recorded in business context PS4DM ‘Bates’, lawyer, no further information given, male JNK Annual general meeting. PS4DN ‘Stuart’, police officer, male PS4EU ‘President’, no further information given, PS4DP ‘Louis’, police officer, male male PS4DR ‘Gary’, police officer, male PS4EV treasurer, no further information given PS4DS ‘Brendan’, police officer, male PS4EW ‘Judy’, no further information given, fe- PS4DT lawyer, male male PS4DU court official, male PS4EX ‘Samantha’, no further information given, female Sample containing about 11349 words PS4EY ‘Simon’, no further information given, speech recorded in public context male JNF Save The Children: meeting. Sample containing about 13766 words PS4DW ‘Bill’, news reporter, male speech recorded in business context PS4DX ‘Mike’, chairman, male PS4DY ‘Michael’, director, male JNL National Council for Voluntary Organ- PS4E0 ‘Caroline’, no further information given, isations annual general meeting. Sam- female PS4E1 ‘Princess Anne’, princess, female ple containing about 5819 words speech PS4E2 ‘Patricia’, actress, female recorded in business context 12. List of works excerpted 279

JNM House of Commons Select Committee PS4G5 45, ‘Neville’, solicitor, male for Defence: meeting. PS4G6 20, ‘Sarah’, Client and main speaker., fe- male PS4F0 ‘Perry’, male PS4G7 50+, Speaks very little., female PS4F1 ‘Michael’, male PS4F2 ‘Gordon’ Sample containing about 1504 words PS4F3 ‘John’, male speech recorded in business context PS4F4 ‘Nicholas’, male JNU Consultation with solicitor. Sample containing about 8317 words PS4G8 45, ‘Neville’, solicitor, male speech recorded in public context PS4G9 30, Client, male JNN House of Commons Select Committee Sample containing about 1353 words for Defence: meeting. speech recorded in business context PS4F5 ‘Gordon’, director general, AB, male PS4F6 ‘White’, group captain, AB, male JNV Interview at TEC. PS4F7 ‘Bruce’, male PS4GA business advisor, male PS4F8 ‘Peter’, male PS4GB 51, ‘John’, retired music teacher, male PS4F9 ‘Michael’, male PS4FA ‘Neville’ Sample containing about 2558 words PS4FB ‘Campbell’, male speech recorded in business context PS4FC ‘Evans’, male JNW Interview at TEC. PS4FD ‘Winston’, member of parliament, AB, male PS4GC 51, ‘John’, retired music teacher, male PS4GD ‘Ian’, business advisor, male Sample containing about 10858 words Sample containing about 5370 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context JNP House of Commons Select Committee JNX Sales pitch. for Social Security: committee meeting. PS4GE 51, ‘John’, retired music teacher., House- PS4FF chairman, no further information given, holder, male male PS4GF 51, ‘Gill’, music teacher, Householder, PS4FG ‘Ken’, no further information given, male female PS4FH ‘Malcolm’, no further information given, PS4GG 35, ‘J Marsden’, salesperson, male male PS4FJ ‘John’, no further information given, male Sample containing about 7085 words PS4FK ‘Gay’, no further information given, fe- male speech recorded in business context PS4FL ‘Ron’, no further information given, male JNY Sales pitch. PS4FM ‘Jim’, no further information given, male PS4GH 51, ‘John’, retired music teacher, House- PS4FN ‘Michael’, no further information given, holder, male male PS4GJ 25+, ‘Markus’, salesperson, male PS4FP ‘Jane’, no further information given, fe- PS4GK 51, ‘Gill’, music teacher, Householder, male female Sample containing about 9823 words Sample containing about 2811 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context JNR Seminar presentation at conference. JP0 Meeting. PS4FW 50+, medical consultant, Chairperson., PS4GL ‘Mr Poole’, male male PS4GM ‘Mr Fremantle’, male PS4FX 40+, medical consultant, Presenting sem- PS4GN ‘Jane Warner’, female inar, male PS4GP ‘Mr Ingall’, male PS4FY medical consultant, Delegate, male PS4GR ‘Mr Rowan’, male PS4G0 medical consultant, Delegate PS4G1 medical consultant, Delegate, male Sample containing about 13241 words PS4G2 medical consultant, Delegate, male speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 1657 words JP1 Meeting. speech recorded in educational context PS4GS ‘John’, manager, male JNS Consultation with solicitor. PS4GT ‘Shane’, manager, male PS4G3 45, ‘Neville’, solicitor, male Sample containing about 5699 words PS4G4 40, ‘Geoffrey’, unemployed, Client, male speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 4763 words JP2 Meeting. speech recorded in business context PS4GU ‘S Williams’, male JNT Consultation with solicitor. PS4GV ‘T Fremantle’, male 280 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 587 words JS8PS003 speech recorded in business context JS8PS004 JS8PS005 JP3 Meeting. JS8PS006 PS4GW ‘John’, manager, male PS4GX ‘Shane’, manager, male Sample containing about 13359 words Sample containing about 2428 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context JS9 Wiltshire County Council: committee JP4 Tutorial lesson. meeting. PS4JA ‘Coleman’, male PS4GY 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS4JB ‘Small’, male PS4H0 18, ‘Sara’, nursery nurse, female PS4JC ‘Chalk’, male Sample containing about 11185 words PS4JD ‘Okinson’, male speech recorded in educational context JS9PS000 JS9PS001 JP5 Tutorial lesson. JS9PS002 PS4H1 50, ‘John’, tutor, male JS9PS003 PS4H2 16, ‘Ruben’, school student, male JS9PS004 Sample containing about 3304 words Sample containing about 21009 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in public context JP6 Computers lecture. JSA Tarmac Construction: training session. PS4H3 35+, lecturer, male PS4JX trainer, male Sample containing about 5359 words PS4JY ‘Bob’, male PS4K0 ‘Tony’, male speech recorded in educational context PS4K1 ‘Jeff’, male JP7 York Green Party business meeting: lo- PS4K2 ‘Mike’, male PS4K3 ‘Sarah’, female cal politics. PS4K4 ‘Rob’, male PS4H4 32, ‘Helen’, Secretary, female PS4K5 ‘Gordon’, male PS4H5 28, ‘Andy’, Newsletter editor, male PS4K6 ‘John’, male PS4H6 26, ‘Ste (yes, Ste)’, Coordinator, male PS4H7 30+, ‘Neil’, male Sample containing about 19412 words PS4H8 40+, ‘Bob’, male speech recorded in business context PS4H9 25+, ‘Andy’, male JSC Royal Courts: hearing. Sample containing about 13388 words PS4KC judge, no further information given speech recorded in business context PS4KD solicitor, no further information given PS4KF usher, no further information given JP8 Training session. PS4KG solicitor, no further information given PS4HA lecturer, no further information given Sample containing about 8101 words Sample containing about 2721 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in educational context JSD Coopers and Lybrand: seminar. JS7 Herts County Council Environment PS4KH no further information given Committee meeting: debate. PS4HB councillor, DE, male Sample containing about 4607 words PS4HC ‘Charles’, councillor, male speech recorded in business context JS7PS000 JSE J. JS7PS001 PS4KJ ‘Andrew’, no further information given, JS7PS002 male JS7PS003 PS4KK no further information given JS7PS004 PS4KL no further information given JS7PS005 PS4KM no further information given, female JS7PS006 PS4KN ‘Paula’, no further information given, fe- Sample containing about 13571 words male speech recorded in public context PS4KP ‘Alex’, no further information given, male JS8 Herts County Council Environment PS4KR ‘Tony’, no further information given, committee: debate. male PS4HX ‘Tyler’, councillor, male Sainsbury: seminar. Sample containing JS8PS000 JS8PS001 about 3758 words speech recorded in JS8PS002 educational context 12. List of works excerpted 281

JSF House of Commons debate. JSN TNT Express: Team focus training ses- PS4KS ‘Betty’, speaker of the house of com- sion. mons, AB, female PS4NE 58, ‘Peter’, trainer, male PS4KT ‘Riddock’, member of parliament, male PS4NF 30, ‘Whitwerth’, female PS4KU ‘Winnick’, member of parliament, male PS4NG 30, ‘Mary’, telesales person, female PS4KV ‘Mead’, member of parliament, female PS4NH 30, ‘Mark’, sales executive, male PS4KW ‘Gilfore’, member of parliament, female PS4NJ 30, ‘Jack’, sales executive, male PS4KX ‘Wilson’, member of parliament, male PS4NK 30, ‘Jane’, telesales person, female PS4KY ‘Banks’, member of parliament, male PS4NL 30, ‘Linda’, telesales person, female PS4L0 ‘Cryer’, member of parliament, male PS4NM 30, ‘Dave’, telesales person, male PS4L1 ‘Mickey’, member of parliament, male PS4NN 30, ‘Matt’, sales executive Sample containing about 21868 words Sample containing about 17206 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context JSG House of Commons debate. JST St Dominic’s: training session. PS4LA deputy speaker of the house of commons, female PS4R4 teacher, male PS4LB ‘Spicer’, member of parliament, male PS4R5 , female PS4LC ‘Taylor’, member of parliament, male PS4R6 ‘Claire’, female PS4LD ‘Jenkins’, member of parliament, male PS4R7 ‘Catherine’, female PS4LE ‘Shepherd’, member of parliament, male PS4R8 ‘Michael’, male PS4LF ‘Taylor’, member of parliament, male PS4R9 ‘Anne’, no further respondent information PS4LG ‘Holn’, member of parliament, male given, female PS4LH ‘Morgan’, member of parliament, male JSTPS000 PS4LJ ‘Betty’, speaker of the house of commons, Sample containing about 6304 words female speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 20140 words JSU St Dominic’s: training session. speech recorded in public context PS4RA teacher, no further information given, fe- JSH House of Commons debate. male PS4LP ‘Betty’, speaker of the house of com- PS4RB student, female mons, female PS4RC ‘Michelle’, student, female PS4LR ‘Gillan’, member of parliament, female PS4RD ‘Elizabeth’, student, female PS4LS ‘Jones’, member of parliament, male PS4RE ‘Martin’, student, male PS4LT ‘Heal’, member of parliament, male PS4RF ‘Lucy’, student, female PS4LU ‘Lloyd’, member of parliament, male PS4RG ‘Stacey’, student, female PS4LV ‘James’, member of parliament, male PS4RH ‘Laura’, student, female PS4LW ‘Palsey’, member of parliament, male PS4RJ ‘Cassandra’, student, female PS4LX ‘Savers’, member of parliament, male Sample containing about 4696 words PS4LY ‘Brazier’, member of parliament, male speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 12000 words JSV St Dominic’s: training session. speech recorded in public context PS4RK teacher, no further information given, JSJ House of Lords: debate. male PS4N7 ‘Montgomery’, member of parliament, PS4RL ‘Alison’, student, female male PS4RM student, female PS4N8 ‘Maloy’, member of parliament, male PS4RN ‘Francesca’, student, female PS4N9 ‘Payton’, male PS4RP ‘Richard’, student, male PS4NA ‘Macintosh’, member of parliament, PS4RS ‘Margaret’, student, female male Sample containing about 4197 words Sample containing about 18302 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in public context JSY Lecture on statistics. JSK Durham University: politics lecture. PS4SF 31, ‘Barker’, lecturer, male Sample containing about 9750 words Sample containing about 10568 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context JSL Durham University: politics lecture. JT0 Aston University: social science lec- Sample containing about 6183 words ture. speech recorded in educational context PS4SG 31, ‘Barker’, lecturer, (background chat- JSM Durham University: politics lecture. ter, with, male Sample containing about 6233 words Sample containing about 9040 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context 282 12. List of works excerpted

JT1 Aston University: social science lec- PS4U2 head of council, male ture. PS4U3 ‘Price’, councillor, male PS4U4 ‘Evans’, councillor, female PS4SH 31, ‘Barker’, lecturer, no further respon- PS4U5 ‘Thomson’, councillor, female dent information given, male PS4U6 ‘Howarth’, councillor, male Sample containing about 10147 words PS4U7 ‘Gloucester’, councillor, female PS4U8 ‘Smith’, councillor, male speech recorded in educational context PS4U9 ‘Nevis’, councillor, male JT2 John Ruskin Sixth Form College: lec- PS4UA ‘Evans’, councillor, female ture. Sample containing about 12282 words PS4SJ tutor, male speech recorded in public context PS4SK ‘Jim’, sound recordist, male PS4SL ‘Darren’, student, male JT9 Meeting at Southwell Racecourse. PS4SM ‘Tanya’, student, female PS4UJ 30, ‘Wayne’, general manager of race- PS4SN ‘Zakia’, student, male course, male PS4SP ‘Sam’, student, female PS4UK 40+, ‘Mike’, steward at racecourse, male PS4SR ‘Ben’, student, male PS4UL 28, ‘Mandy’, secretary at racecourse, fe- PS4SS ‘Anthony’, student, male male PS4ST ‘Nihal’, student, male Sample containing about 1975 words Sample containing about 8653 words speech recorded in business context speech recorded in educational context JTA Managerial Meeting. JT3 Abbey Life: training session. PS4UN manager, male PS4SX ‘Graham’, business trainer, male PS4UP ‘Russell’, manager, male PS4SY ‘Mike’, insurance representative, male Sample containing about 10958 words PS4T0 ‘David’, male JT3PS000 speech recorded in business context JT3PS001 JTB Managerial Meeting. Sample containing about 13318 words PS4UR 50+, ‘Pete?’, manager, male PS4US 30+, male speech recorded in business context PS4UT 30+, ‘Ray’, male JT4 John Ruskin Sixth Form College: lec- PS4UU 30+, ‘Lynne’, female PS4UV , male ture. PS4UW ‘Stewart’, male PS4T1 tutor, male PS4UX , male PS4T2 ‘Martin’, sound recordist, male PS4UY , male PS4T3 ‘JO’, student, female PS4V0 , male PS4T4 ‘Vicky’, student, female PS4T5 ‘Lynn’, student, female Sample containing about 11990 words PS4T6 ‘Darren’, student, male speech recorded in business context PS4T7 ‘David’, student, male JTC Managerial Meeting. PS4T8 ‘Assa’, student, male PS4T9 ‘Hannah’, student, female PS4V1 , male PS4V2 , male Sample containing about 11919 words PS4V3 ‘Ray’, male speech recorded in educational context PS4V4 30+, ‘Lynne’, female PS4V5 , male JT5 Abbey Life: training session. Sample PS4V6 , male containing about 10918 words speech PS4V7 , male recorded in educational context PS4V8 , male PS4V9 , male JT7 [Local Council meeting]. Sample containing about 11213 words PS4TK ‘Evans’, councillor, male PS4TL ‘Rosensteel’, councillor, male speech recorded in business context PS4TM ‘Morgan’, councillor, female JTD Edingley Parish Council meeting. PS4TN head of council, male PS4VA 45+, ‘Arnold Bower’, councillor, Chair- PS4TP ‘Hoskins’, councillor, female person, male PS4TR ‘Edwards’, councillor, male PS4VB 55+, ‘Pat Beeyer’, secretary, female PS4TS ‘Jones’, councillor, male PS4VC 60+, ‘John Watts’, male PS4TT ‘Hilliard’, councillor, male PS4VD 65+, ‘Kevin Topham’, councillor, Vice PS4TU ‘Coleman’, councillor, female chairperson, male Sample containing about 12104 words PS4VE 50+, ‘Irene Young’, female PS4VF 30+, ‘Dale Ross’, male speech recorded in public context PS4VG 45+, ‘Anne Tyler’, female JT8 [Local Council meeting]. PS4VH 60+, female 12. List of works excerpted 283

PS4VJ 50+, ‘Derek Walker’, grant and develop- JXH Matrimonial conveyancing: a drafts- ments officer, male man’s handbook. Hartley, William Sample containing about 8859 words M, Longman Group UK Ltd, Harlow speech recorded in public context (1981), 1-125. Sample containing about JTE Induction of new voluntary workers at 28968 words from a book (domain: so- Barley Hall. cial science) PS4VP 55+, ‘Charles’, historical consultant, In JXJ Law’s empire. Dworkin, Ronald, charge of Barley Hall project (loosely Fontana Press, London (1986), 114- speaking)., male PS4VR 23, ‘Clare’, student and volunteer guide, 248. Sample containing about 26034 female words from a book (domain: social sci- PS4VS Passer-by, female PS4VT 34, ‘Mike’, volunteer personnel coordi- ence) nator, male JXK The microcomputer, the school librar- PS4VU ‘Linda’, shop assistant, female ian, and the teacher. Herring, James E, PS4VV 60+, ‘Elsie’, volunteer guide, female PS4VW prospective volunteer, female Clive Bingley Ltd, London (1987), 1- PS4VX prospective volunteer, male 118. Sample containing about 35324 PS4VY , female words from a book (domain: applied Sample containing about 14696 words science) speech recorded in public context JXL Nasser. Woodward, Peter, Longman JTF Worsley Liberal Democrats: annual Group UK Ltd, Harlow (1991), 1-13. general meeting. Sample containing about 4491 words PS4W1 55+, ‘Mr A. Kerry Holt’, Chairperson, from a book (domain: world affairs) male JXM The radical left in Britain 1931-1941. PS4W2 61, ‘Mr Bob Boyd’, Secretary, male PS4W3 50+, ‘Mr Peter Brown’, Treasurer, male Jupp, James, Frank Cass & Company PS4W4 75+, ‘Mr Arthur Smith’, President, male Ltd, London (1982), 1-122. Sample PS4W5 ‘Mr Aled Owen’, Question from audi- ence, male containing about 46012 words from a PS4W6 50+, Question from audience, male book (domain: world affairs) PS4W7 70+, ‘Mr Tom Hilton’, Membership sec- JXN Veterinary parasitology. Urquhart, retary, male PS4W8 50+, Question from audience, male Jennings, Armour, Dunn and Duncan, PS4W9 60+, ‘John’, Question from audience, Longman Scientific and Technical, Har- male low (1988), 3-76. Sample containing Sample containing about 6481 words about 37881 words from a book (do- speech recorded in public context main: natural sciences) JWA Hertfordshire County Council: meet- JXP New Internationalist [advertising ing. leaflet]. New Internationalist. Sample PS4WB council chairman, AB, male containing about 695 words from a PS4WC ‘Christopher’, councillor, DE, male PS4WD ‘Jarvis’, councillor, DE, male periodical (domain: world affairs) PS4WE councillor, male JXS Battle for love. Howard, Stephanie, PS4WF ‘John’, councillor, male Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey PS4WG ‘Martin’, councillor, male PS4WH ‘Bob’, labour councillor, male (1991). Sample containing about 49239 PS4WJ ‘Mr Eldrum’, councillor, male words from a book (domain: imagina- PS4WK ‘Pauline’, conservative councillor, fe- tive) male JXT Conspiracy of love. Howard, Sample containing about 13254 words Stephanie, Mills & Boon, Richmond, speech recorded in public context Surrey (1993). Sample containing JXG The BBC BASIC reference manual for about 49570 words from a book (do- the Z88. Mounter, D J, M-TEC Com- main: imaginative) puter Services, UK (1989), 1-8. Sample JXU Castle of desire. Heywood, Sally, Mills containing about 38604 words from a & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1991). book (domain: applied science) 284 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 58490 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: imaginative) tive) JXV Destined to love. Taylor, Jennifer, JY7 Roman spring. Marton, Sandra, Mills Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). (1992). Sample containing about 53465 Sample containing about 64429 words words from a book (domain: imagina- from a book (domain: imaginative) tive) JY8 The stolen heart. Browning, Amanda, JXW A dangerous diagnosis. Evans, Jean, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1992). Sample containing about 55294 (1993). Sample containing about 52793 words from a book (domain: imagina- words from a book (domain: imagina- tive) tive) JY9 Sudden fire. Oldfield, Elizabeth, Mills JXX Double fire. Lynch, Mary and Lyons, & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). Mary, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey Sample containing about 46354 words (1992). Sample containing about 51675 from a book (domain: imaginative) words from a book (domain: imagina- JYA Sweet deceiver. Ashe, Jenny, Mills & tive) Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). Sam- JXY False impressions. Keane, Lucy, Mills ple containing about 60439 words from & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1990). a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 46460 words JYB The spice of life. Anderson, Caro- from a book (domain: imaginative) line, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey JY0 Hearts in hiding. Grey, Alice, Mills & (1993). Sample containing about 50775 Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). Sam- words from a book (domain: imagina- ple containing about 64220 words from tive) a book (domain: imaginative) JYC Out of the storm. George, Cather- JY1 His woman. Steele, Jessica, Mills & ine, Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1991). Sam- (1991). Sample containing about 54713 ple containing about 45851 words from words from a book (domain: imagina- a book (domain: imaginative) tive) JY2 Joy bringer. Wilkinson, Lee, Mills & JYD Ungoverned passion. Holland, Sarah, Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1992). Sam- Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey ple containing about 55442 words from (1993). Sample containing about 55849 a book (domain: imaginative) words from a book (domain: imagina- JY3 Love by design. Ash, Rosalie, Mills & tive) Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1991). Sam- JYE Vets in opposition. Bowring, Mary, ple containing about 51729 words from Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey a book (domain: imaginative) (1993). Sample containing about 55425 JY4 Love or nothing. Fox, Natalie, Mills & words from a book (domain: imagina- Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). Sam- tive) ple containing about 57596 words from JYF West of Bohemia. Steele, Jessica, Mills a book (domain: imaginative) & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1993). JY5 Lover’s charade. Elliot, Rachel, Mills Sample containing about 60036 words & Boon, Richmond, Surrey (1992). from a book (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 53825 words JYL Tarmac Construction Ltd: training ses- from a book (domain: imaginative) sion. JY6 One shining summer. Wilder, Quinn, PS6N1 lecturer, AB, male Mills & Boon, Richmond, Surrey PS6N2 trainee, DE, male (1993). Sample containing about 52001 PS6N3 trainee, DE, male PS6N4 ‘Alan’, trainee, male 12. List of works excerpted 285

PS6N5 ‘Terry’, trainee, male of material written to be spoken (do- PS6N6 ‘Chris’, trainee, male main: leisure) PS6N7 ‘Aveline’, trainee, female PS6N8 trainee, male K1H [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. PS6N9 ‘Tom’, trainee, male Sample containing about 40364 words Sample containing about 12166 words of material written to be spoken (do- speech recorded in business context main: leisure) JYM TNT training session: seminar. K1J [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. PS6ND 30, trainer, female Sample containing about 43372 words PS6NE 20, telesales person, female of material written to be spoken (do- PS6NF 20, telesales person, female PS6NG 20, telesales person, female main: leisure) PS6NH 20, telesales person, female K1K [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. PS6NJ 20, telesales person, female PS6NK 20, telesales person, female Sample containing about 42987 words PS6NL 20, ‘Turner’, telesales person, female of material written to be spoken (do- Sample containing about 11849 words main: leisure) speech recorded in business context K1L [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. JYN Aston University psychology depart- Sample containing about 42655 words ment: lecture. of material written to be spoken (do- PS6NM 31, psychology lecturer, male main: leisure) PS6NN 20+, student, talks about gay and lesbian K1M [Central television news scripts]. issues, male PS6NP 20+, student, talks about work problems, Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- male don (1993). Sample containing about PS6NR 20+, student, talks about the dreams of blind people, male 44443 words of material written to be PS6NS 20+, student, talks about questionaires, spoken (domain: leisure) female K1N [Central television news scripts]. PS6NT 19, student, female Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- Sample containing about 18744 words don (1993). Sample containing about speech recorded in educational context 41718 words of material written to be K1B [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. spoken (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 43747 words K1P [Central television news scripts]. of material written to be spoken (do- Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- main: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K1C [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. 41985 words of material written to be Sample containing about 45382 words spoken (domain: leisure) of material written to be spoken (do- K1R [Central television news scripts]. main: leisure) Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- K1D [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. don (1993). Sample containing about Sample containing about 37393 words 45357 words of material written to be of material written to be spoken (do- spoken (domain: leisure) main: leisure) K1S [Central television news scripts]. K1E [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- Sample containing about 46525 words don (1993). Sample containing about of material written to be spoken (do- 44870 words of material written to be main: leisure) spoken (domain: leisure) K1F [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. K1T [Central television news scripts]. Sample containing about 40382 words Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- of material written to be spoken (do- don (1993). Sample containing about main: leisure) 42076 words of material written to be K1G [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. spoken (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 45420 words 286 12. List of works excerpted

K1U [Central television news scripts]. 44589 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K25 [Central television news scripts]. 42638 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K1V [Central television news scripts]. 48680 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K26 [Central television news scripts]. 43882 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K1W [Central television news scripts]. 43306 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K27 [Central television news scripts]. 41078 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K1X [Central television news scripts]. 44477 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K28 [Central television news scripts]. 43950 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K1Y [Central television news scripts]. 7456 words of material written to be Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- spoken (domain: leisure) don (1993). Sample containing about K29 Belfast Telegraph: Applied Science 46520 words of material written to be pages. u.p.. Sample containing about spoken (domain: leisure) 2055 words from a periodical (domain: K20 [Central television news scripts]. applied science) Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- K2A Belfast Telegraph: Arts section. u.p.. don (1993). Sample containing about Sample containing about 8047 words 41783 words of material written to be from a periodical (domain: arts) spoken (domain: leisure) K2B Belfast Telegraph: Religious affairs K21 [Central television news scripts]. stories. u.p.. Sample containing about Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- 2180 words from a periodical (domain: don (1993). Sample containing about belief and thought) 43137 words of material written to be K2C Belfast Telegraph: Business section. spoken (domain: leisure) u.p.. Sample containing about 3546 K22 [Central television news scripts]. words from a periodical (domain: com- Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- merce) don (1993). Sample containing about K2D Belfast Telegraph: Leisure pages. u.p.. 43169 words of material written to be Sample containing about 74848 words spoken (domain: leisure) from a periodical (domain: leisure) K23 [Central television news scripts]. K2E Belfast Telegraph: News and features. Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- u.p.. Sample containing about 5685 don (1993). Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: social 46596 words of material written to be science) spoken (domain: leisure) K2F Belfast Telegraph: Foreign news pages. K24 [Central television news scripts]. u.p.. Sample containing about 33077 Boileau, John (ed.), Central TV, Abing- words from a periodical (domain: world don (1993). Sample containing about affairs) 12. List of works excerpted 287

K2G Belfast Telegraph: Applied Science K2W Belfast Telegraph: Foreign news pages. u.p.. Sample containing about pages. u.p.. Sample containing about 1955 words from a periodical (domain: 35696 words from a periodical (do- applied science) main: world affairs) K2H Belfast Telegraph: Arts section. u.p.. K2X Belfast Telegraph: Applied Science Sample containing about 2067 words pages. u.p.. Sample containing about from a periodical (domain: arts) 2562 words from a periodical (domain: K2J Belfast Telegraph: Religious affairs applied science) stories. u.p.. Sample containing about K2Y Belfast Telegraph: Arts section. u.p.. 422 words from a periodical (domain: Sample containing about 7416 words belief and thought) from a periodical (domain: arts) K2K Belfast Telegraph: Business section. K30 Belfast Telegraph: Religious affairs u.p.. Sample containing about 3962 stories. u.p.. Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: com- 172 words from a periodical (domain: merce) belief and thought) K2L Belfast Telegraph: Leisure pages. u.p.. K31 Belfast Telegraph: Business section. Sample containing about 18678 words u.p.. Sample containing about 5940 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: com- K2M Belfast Telegraph: News and features. merce) u.p.. Sample containing about 1718 K32 Belfast Telegraph: Leisure pages. u.p.. words from a periodical (domain: social Sample containing about 64437 words science) from a periodical (domain: leisure) K2N Belfast Telegraph: Foreign news K33 Belfast Telegraph: Applied Science pages. u.p.. Sample containing about pages. u.p.. Sample containing about 21493 words from a periodical (do- 524 words from a periodical (domain: main: world affairs) natural sciences) K2P Belfast Telegraph: Applied Science K34 Belfast Telegraph: News and features. pages. u.p.. Sample containing about u.p.. Sample containing about 7017 2752 words from a periodical (domain: words from a periodical (domain: social applied science) science) K2R Belfast Telegraph: Arts section. u.p.. K35 Belfast Telegraph: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 14426 words u.p.. Sample containing about 39397 from a periodical (domain: arts) words from a periodical (domain: world K2S Belfast Telegraph: Religious affairs affairs) stories. u.p.. Sample containing about K36 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo]. u.p.. 194 words from a periodical (domain: Sample containing about 685 words belief and thought) from a periodical (domain: applied sci- K2T Belfast Telegraph: Business section. ence) u.p.. Sample containing about 10181 K37 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Arts words from a periodical (domain: com- section. u.p.. Sample containing about merce) 8531 words from a periodical (domain: K2U Belfast Telegraph: Leisure pages. u.p.. arts) Sample containing about 34980 words K38 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Reli- from a periodical (domain: leisure) gious affairs stories. u.p.. Sample con- K2V Belfast Telegraph: News and features. taining about 1279 words from a peri- u.p.. Sample containing about 7886 odical (domain: belief and thought) words from a periodical (domain: social K39 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Busi- science) ness section. u.p.. Sample contain- 288 12. List of works excerpted

ing about 7529 words from a periodical 3179 words from a periodical (domain: (domain: commerce) arts) K3A Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: K3N Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Busi- Leisure pages. u.p.. Sample containing ness section. u.p.. Sample contain- about 26774 words from a periodical ing about 2734 words from a periodical (domain: leisure) (domain: commerce) K3B Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: News K3P Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: and features. u.p.. Sample contain- Leisure pages. u.p.. Sample containing ing about 1420 words from a periodical about 13516 words from a periodical (domain: social science) (domain: leisure) K3C Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: For- K3R Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- eign news pages. u.p.. Sample contain- plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- ing about 38633 words from a periodi- taining about 150 words from a period- cal (domain: world affairs) ical (domain: natural sciences) K3D Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- K3S Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: News plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- and features. u.p.. Sample contain- taining about 590 words from a period- ing about 1876 words from a periodical ical (domain: applied science) (domain: social science) K3E Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Arts K3T Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: For- section. u.p.. Sample containing about eign news pages. u.p.. Sample contain- 5727 words from a periodical (domain: ing about 23028 words from a periodi- arts) cal (domain: world affairs) K3F Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Re- K3U Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- ligious affairs stories. u.p.. Sample plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- containing about 215 words from a pe- taining about 1009 words from a peri- riodical (domain: belief and thought) odical (domain: applied science) K3G Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Busi- K3V Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Arts ness section. u.p.. Sample contain- section. u.p.. Sample containing about ing about 7948 words from a periodical 2976 words from a periodical (domain: (domain: commerce) arts) K3H Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: K3W Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Busi- Leisure pages. u.p.. Sample containing ness section. u.p.. Sample contain- about 29635 words from a periodical ing about 4487 words from a periodical (domain: leisure) (domain: commerce) K3J Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: News K3X Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: and features. u.p.. Sample contain- Leisure pages. u.p.. Sample containing ing about 8980 words from a periodical about 29847 words from a periodical (domain: social science) (domain: leisure) K3K Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: For- K3Y Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- eign news pages. u.p.. Sample contain- plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- ing about 36109 words from a periodi- taining about 352 words from a period- cal (domain: world affairs) ical (domain: natural sciences) K3L Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- K40 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: News plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- and features. u.p.. Sample contain- taining about 1427 words from a peri- ing about 3941 words from a periodical odical (domain: applied science) (domain: social science) K3M Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Arts K41 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: For- section. u.p.. Sample containing about eign news pages. u.p.. Sample contain- 12. List of works excerpted 289

ing about 24533 words from a periodi- ing about 7048 words from a periodical cal (domain: world affairs) (domain: social science) K42 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- K4E Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: For- plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- eign news pages. u.p.. Sample contain- taining about 536 words from a period- ing about 22060 words from a periodi- ical (domain: applied science) cal (domain: world affairs) K43 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Arts K4F Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- section. u.p.. Sample containing about plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- 2265 words from a periodical (domain: taining about 2143 words from a peri- arts) odical (domain: applied science) K44 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Busi- K4G Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Arts ness section. u.p.. Sample contain- section. u.p.. Sample containing about ing about 1651 words from a periodical 4323 words from a periodical (domain: (domain: commerce) arts) K45 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Leisure K4H Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Busi- pages. u.p.. Sample containing about ness section. u.p.. Sample containing 25042 words from a periodical (do- about 11858 words from a periodical main: leisure) (domain: commerce) K46 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: News K4J Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Leisure and features. u.p.. Sample containing pages. u.p.. Sample containing about about 610 words from a periodical (do- 32022 words from a periodical (do- main: social science) main: leisure) K47 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: For- K4K Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- eign news pages. u.p.. Sample contain- plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- ing about 18648 words from a periodi- taining about 486 words from a period- cal (domain: world affairs) ical (domain: natural sciences) K48 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Ap- K4L Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: News plied Science pages. u.p.. Sample con- and features. u.p.. Sample containing taining about 2790 words from a peri- about 10200 words from a periodical odical (domain: applied science) (domain: social science) K49 Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Arts K4M Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: For- section. u.p.. Sample containing about eign news pages. u.p.. Sample contain- 6219 words from a periodical (domain: ing about 29967 words from a periodi- arts) cal (domain: world affairs) K4A Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Re- K4N Northern Echo: Applied Science ligious affairs stories. u.p.. Sample pages. u.p.. Sample containing about containing about 452 words from a pe- 6557 words from a periodical (domain: riodical (domain: belief and thought) applied science) K4B Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: Busi- K4P Northern Echo: Arts section. u.p.. ness section. u.p.. Sample containing Sample containing about 61240 words about 11550 words from a periodical from a periodical (domain: arts) (domain: commerce) K4R Northern Echo: Religious affairs sto- K4C Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: ries. u.p.. Sample containing about Leisure pages. u.p.. Sample containing 1133 words from a periodical (domain: about 28557 words from a periodical belief and thought) (domain: leisure) K4S Northern Echo: Business section. u.p.. K4D Liverpool Daily Post and Echo: News Sample containing about 37751 words and features. u.p.. Sample contain- from a periodical (domain: commerce) 290 12. List of works excerpted

K4T Northern Echo: Leisure pages. u.p.. K57 The Scotsman: Arts section. u.p.. Sam- Sample containing about 211901 words ple containing about 48246 words from from a periodical (domain: leisure) a periodical (domain: arts) K4U Northern Echo: Applied Science K58 The Scotsman: Religious affairs sto- pages. u.p.. Sample containing about ries. u.p.. Sample containing about 2021 words from a periodical (domain: 3994 words from a periodical (domain: natural sciences) belief and thought) K4V Northern Echo: News and features. K59 The Scotsman: Business section. u.p.. u.p.. Sample containing about 62560 Sample containing about 116432 words words from a periodical (domain: social from a periodical (domain: commerce) science) K5A The Scotsman: Leisure pages. u.p.. K4W Northern Echo: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 146882 words u.p.. Sample containing about 211369 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: world K5B The Scotsman: Applied Science pages. affairs) u.p.. Sample containing about 384 K4X Northern Echo: Applied Science words from a periodical (domain: nat- pages. u.p.. Sample containing about ural sciences) 2572 words from a periodical (domain: K5C The Scotsman: News and features. applied science) u.p.. Sample containing about 54129 K4Y Northern Echo: Arts section. u.p.. words from a periodical (domain: social Sample containing about 27982 words science) from a periodical (domain: arts) K5D The Scotsman: Foreign news pages. K50 Northern Echo: Religious affairs sto- u.p.. Sample containing about 286598 ries. u.p.. Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: world 5958 words from a periodical (domain: affairs) belief and thought) K5E The Scotsman: Applied Science pages. K51 Northern Echo: Business section. u.p.. u.p.. Sample containing about 7248 Sample containing about 44278 words words from a periodical (domain: ap- from a periodical (domain: commerce) plied science) K52 Northern Echo: Leisure pages. u.p.. K5F The Scotsman: Arts section. u.p.. Sam- Sample containing about 172180 words ple containing about 42973 words from from a periodical (domain: leisure) a periodical (domain: arts) K53 Northern Echo: Applied Science pages. K5G The Scotsman: Religious affairs sto- u.p.. Sample containing about 1026 ries. u.p.. Sample containing about words from a periodical (domain: nat- 2323 words from a periodical (domain: ural sciences) belief and thought) K54 Northern Echo: News and features. K5H The Scotsman: Business section. u.p.. u.p.. Sample containing about 132902 Sample containing about 121751 words words from a periodical (domain: social from a periodical (domain: commerce) science) K5J The Scotsman: Leisure pages. u.p.. K55 Northern Echo: Foreign news pages. Sample containing about 116334 words u.p.. Sample containing about 175048 from a periodical (domain: leisure) words from a periodical (domain: world K5K The Scotsman: Applied Science pages. affairs) u.p.. Sample containing about 954 K56 The Scotsman: Applied Science pages. words from a periodical (domain: nat- u.p.. Sample containing about 15849 ural sciences) words from a periodical (domain: ap- K5L The Scotsman: News and features. plied science) u.p.. Sample containing about 46813 12. List of works excerpted 291

words from a periodical (domain: social PS5AX 30+, ‘Liz’, lecturer, AB, female science) Sample containing about 17568 words K5M The Scotsman: Foreign news pages. speech recorded in educational context u.p.. Sample containing about 270447 K61 Walsall Local Studies Centre: inter- words from a periodical (domain: world view. affairs) PS5AY ‘Joyce’, female K5N Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- PS5B0 ‘Edward’, male versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample Sample containing about 11127 words containing about 13807 words from a speech recorded in leisure context periodical (domain: natural sciences) K62 Walsall Local Studies Centre: inter- K5P Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- view. versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample PS5B1 , male PS5B2 retired, female containing about 19615 words from a Sample containing about 7733 words periodical (domain: natural sciences) speech recorded in leisure context K5R Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- K63 Walsall Local Studies Centre: inter- versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample view. containing about 6752 words from a pe- PS5B3 ‘Joyce’, female riodical (domain: natural sciences) PS5B4 ‘Gilbert’, retired, male K5S Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- Sample containing about 8696 words versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample speech recorded in leisure context containing about 1761 words from a pe- K64 Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. riodical (domain: natural sciences) PS5B5 K5T Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- PS5B6 ‘Doris’, retired children’s nurse, female versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample Sample containing about 4604 words containing about 18641 words from a speech recorded in leisure context periodical (domain: natural sciences) K65 Suffolk Sound Archive: interview for K5U Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- the Museum of East Anglian Life. versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample PS5B7 , female PS5B8 67, ‘Harry’, retired butcher, male containing about 1099 words from a pe- PS5B9 ‘Jessie’, retired, female riodical (domain: natural sciences) Sample containing about 10889 words K5V Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- speech recorded in leisure context versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample K66 Suffolk Sound Archive: opening a re- containing about 3187 words from a pe- stored control tower and airfield as a riodical (domain: natural sciences) memorial to the Three-Ninetieth Bomb K5W Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- Group. Sample containing about 6635 versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample words speech recorded in leisure con- containing about 4646 words from a pe- text riodical (domain: natural sciences) K67 Suffolk Sound Archive: dedication of K5X Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- museum. versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample PS5BA ‘Horace’, retired ground executive officer containing about 10544 words from a usaf, male periodical (domain: natural sciences) Sample containing about 2963 words K5Y Nucleic acids research. Oxford Uni- speech recorded in leisure context versity Press, Oxford (1993). Sample K68 Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. containing about 17886 words from a PS5BB ‘Yvonne’, female periodical (domain: natural sciences) PS5BC ‘Sidney’, retired police officer, male K60 Appreciation of literature: lecture and Sample containing about 6608 words discussion. speech recorded in leisure context K69 Suffolk Sound Archive: interview. 292 12. List of works excerpted

PS5BD ‘Joyce’, female PS5E5 , male PS5BE ‘Melville’, retired fire officer, male Sample containing about 4724 words Sample containing about 8149 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context K6E Six O’Clock News: television broad- K6A On the Record: television broadcast. cast. PS5BF ‘John ?’, tv presenter, male PS5F6 ‘Nicholas Witchell’, newsreader, male PS5BG ‘Michael Heseltine’, cabinet minister PS5F7 ‘Neil Bennet’, reporter, male (conservative), male PS5F8 ‘Raymond’, police constable, male PS5BH ‘David Walter’, reporter, male PS5F9 ‘Anna Ford’, newsreader, female PS5BJ ‘David ?’, member of parliament (conser- PS5FA ‘Triona Holden’, reporter, female vative), male PS5FB ‘Austin’, male PS5BK ‘Rhodes ?’, member of parliament, male PS5FC ‘Michael’, solicitor, male PS5BL ‘Anders’, swedish transport official, male PS5FD tutor, male PS5BM ‘Bill ?’, professor, male PS5FE ‘Polly Toynbee’, reporter, female PS5BN ‘Stig ?’, director general of swedish rail- ways, male Sample containing about 4762 words PS5BP ‘Tim ?’, member of parliament (conserva- tive), male speech recorded in leisure context K6F Six O’Clock News: television broad- Sample containing about 10478 words cast. speech recorded in leisure context PS5GJ ‘Anna Ford’, newsreader, female K6B The Money Programme: television PS5GK ‘John Sergeant’, reporter, male broadcast. PS5GL ‘Robin Cook’, member of parliament PS5BT telvision announcer, male (labour), male PS5BU ‘Peter’, reporter, male PS5GM ‘Malcolm (rifkind?)’, member of parlia- PS5BV ‘Andreas ?’, editor, male ment, male PS5BW ‘Andrew’, chairman of news group, male PS5GN ‘Tim Eggar?’, member of parliament, PS5BX ‘David’, editor, male male PS5BY ‘Anita’, female PS5GP ‘Nicholas’, member of parliament, male PS5C0 ‘Peter’, male PS5GR ‘Jenny’, newsreader, female PS5C1 ‘Paul’, male PS5GS ‘Stephen Evans’, reporter, male PS5C2 ‘Richard’, business consultant, male PS5GT miner, male Sample containing about 6261 words Sample containing about 4974 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context K6C Six O’Clock News: television broad- K6G Six O’Clock News: television broad- cast. cast. PS5CK ‘Nicholas Witchell’, newsreader, male PS5J5 ‘Anna Ford’, newsreader, female PS5CL ‘Neil Bennet’, reporter, male PS5J6 ‘Laurie Margolis’, reporter, male PS5CM ‘David’, solicitor, male PS5J7 ‘Maureen’, female PS5CN ‘Paddy’, male PS5J8 ‘Paul’, metropolitan police commissioner, PS5CP ‘Billy’, male male PS5CR ‘Moira Stewart’, newsreader, female PS5J9 ‘Barry’, police constable, male PS5CS ‘Nick’, reporter, male PS5JA ‘Ivan’, male PS5CT ‘Max’, newspaper editor, male PS5JB ‘Fred’, teacher, male PS5CU ‘Anthony’, retired chairman of the bar, PS5JC ‘Jenny’, newsreader, female male PS5JD ‘Neil Bennet’, reporter, male Sample containing about 4771 words Sample containing about 4700 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in leisure context K6D Six O’Clock News: television broad- K6H Six O’Clock News: television broad- cast. cast. PS5DW ‘Nicholas Witchell’, newsreader, male PS5KC ‘Nicholas Witchell’, newsreader, male PS5DX ‘David Schuckman’, reporter, male PS5KD ‘Gerry Baker’, reporter, male PS5DY ‘Malcolm Rifkind’, defence secretary, PS5KE shop manager, male male PS5KF ‘Derek’, company spokesperson, male PS5E0 ‘David’, member of parliament, male PS5KG ‘Stephen’, member of parliament, male PS5E1 ‘Nicholas’, member of parliament, male PS5KH ‘Harriet Harman’, member of parlia- PS5E2 ‘John Menzies’, member of parliament, ment, female male PS5KJ ‘Simon’, member of parliament, male PS5E3 ‘Moira Stewart’, newsreader, female PS5KK ‘Moira Stewart’, newsreader, female PS5E4 ‘Iain Carson’, reporter, male PS5KL ‘Laurie Margolis’, reporter, male 12. List of works excerpted 293

Sample containing about 4832 words Sample containing about 4332 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in leisure context K6J Tutorial lesson. K6T Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA 305: PS5LU 50, ‘John’, maths and science tutor, male interview for oral history project. K6JPS000 PS5M6 ‘Maimes’, Being interviewed by, female Sample containing about 11915 words K6TPS000 speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 5836 words K6K Oral history project: interview. speech recorded in leisure context PS5LV historian, female K6U Gwynedd County Council tape 1: in- PS5LW ‘Mabel’, singer, female terview for oral history project. Sample containing about 3840 words PS5M7 historian, Interviewing, female speech recorded in leisure context K6UPS000 K6L Oral history project: interview. Sample containing about 8752 words PS5LX ‘Margaret’, historian, female speech recorded in leisure context PS5LY ‘Jo Ellen’, historian, female PS5M0 70+, ‘Nan’, retired french polisher, fe- K6V Tarmac Construction Ltd: training male session. Sample containing about 7308 words PS5M8 no further information given speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 16478 words K6M Oral history project: interview. speech recorded in business context PS5M1 historian, Interviewing, male K6W Nottingham Constabulary: meeting. K6MPS000 PS5M9 47, ‘Storer’, no further information Sample containing about 10636 words given, male PS5MA ‘Collishan’, no further information speech recorded in leisure context given, male K6N Oral history project: interview. PS5MB 38, ‘Jeffery’, sergeant, male PS5M2 40+, ‘Ian’, historian, Interviewing PS5MC 38, ‘Mills’, sergeant, male speaker, male PS5MD 47, ‘Stone’, inspector, male K6NPS000 PS5ME 48, ‘Williams’, inspector, male K6NPS001 PS5MF 47, ‘Wright’, no further information K6NPS002 given, male Sample containing about 7951 words Sample containing about 16389 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in business context K6P Orkney Library Sound Archive tape K6X Nottingham Constabulary: meeting. OLSA 123: interview for oral history PS5MJ 47, ‘Storer’, no further information given, male project. PS5MK ‘Collishan’, no further information PS5M3 65, ‘Peter’, retired crofter, From North given, male Ronaldsay. Being interviewd by, male PS5ML 38, ‘Jeffery’, sergeant, male K6PPS000 PS5MM 38, ‘Mills’, sergeant, male PS5MN 47, ‘Stone’, inspector, male Sample containing about 6729 words PS5MP 48, ‘Williams’, inspector, male speech recorded in leisure context PS5MS 40, ‘Hadfield’, sergeant, male K6R Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA 303: PS5MT 47, ‘Smith’, sergeant, male interview for oral history project. Sample containing about 3392 words PS5M4 historian, Interviewing, female speech recorded in business context K6RPS000 K6Y Friends Provident Insurance: training K6RPS001 session. Sample containing about 6729 words PS5MU ‘Joan’, saleswoman, female speech recorded in leisure context PS5MV ‘Robert’, salesman, male K6S Orkney Sound Archive tape OSA 303: PS5MW ‘Bill’, salesman, male PS5MX ‘Ron’, salesman, male interview for oral history project. PS5N0 ‘Maggie’, instructor, no further informa- PS5M5 historian, Interviewing, female tion given, female K6SPS000 PS5N1 ‘Martin’, no further information given, fe- K6SPS001 male 294 12. List of works excerpted

Sample containing about 15713 words Sainsbury: training session. Sample speech recorded in business context containing about 9504 words speech K70 Friends Provident Insurance: training recorded in business context session. K76 House of Lords: hearing. PS5N3 ‘Joan’, saleswoman, female PS5PB ‘Motterstone’, member of parliament, no PS5N5 ‘Bill’, salesman, male further information given, male PS5N6 ‘Ron’, salesman, male PS5PC ‘Rippon’, member of parliament, male PS5N8 ‘Maggie’, instructor, no further informa- PS5PD ‘Macintosh’, member of parliament, male tion given, female PS5PE ‘Boyd-carpenter’, male PS5N9 ‘Martin’, no further information given, fe- Sample containing about 9482 words male PS5NA no further information given, female speech recorded in public context K77 House of Commons: hearing. Sample containing about 13585 words PS5PF no further information given, male speech recorded in business context PS5PG ‘Ken’, no further information given, male PS5PH ‘Jimmy’, no further information given, K71 Friends Provident Insurance: training male session. PS5PJ ‘David’, no further information given, PS5NB ‘Joan’, saleswoman, female male PS5NC ‘Robert’, salesman, male PS5PK ‘Peter’, no further information given, PS5ND ‘Bill’, salesman, male male PS5NE ‘Ron’, salesman, male PS5PL ‘Clifford’, no further information given, PS5NF instructor, no further information given, male male PS5PM ‘Jane’, no further information given, fe- male Sample containing about 11048 words PS5PN ‘Appleby’, no further information given, female speech recorded in business context PS5PP ‘Adams’, no further information given, K73 Royal Courts: hearing. male PS5NN ‘Green’, solicitor, male Sample containing about 14059 words PS5NP ‘Saville’, judge, male speech recorded in public context PS5NR ‘Duffy’, solicitor, male PS5NS court official, male K78 Durham University: lecture. Sample containing about 10813 words speech Sample containing about 14018 words recorded in educational context speech recorded in public context K79 Confederation of British Industries K74 J. [presentation]. PS5NT trainer, no further information given, fe- PS5PS 40, ‘Sudhir’, analyst, male male PS5PT 40, ‘Richard’, analyst, male PS5NU ‘Kenny’, no further information given, male Sample containing about 4318 words PS5NV ‘Heidi’, no further information given, fe- speech recorded in business context male PS5NW ‘Ray’, no further information given, K7D Oral history project: interview. male PS5PU 54, ‘Tommy’, Interviewee, AB, male PS5NX ‘Alex’, no further information given, PS5PV historian, Interviewer, DE, male male Sample containing about 4002 words PS5NY ‘Gary’, no further information given, male speech recorded in educational context PS5P0 ‘Ian’, no further information given, male K7E Oral history project: interview. PS5P1 ‘Rachel’, no further information given, fe- PS5PW historian, Interviewer, male male PS5PX 81, ‘George’, retired lighthouse keeper, PS5P2 ‘Dee’, no further information given, fe- Interviewee, male male Sample containing about 4001 words Sainsbury: training session. Sample speech recorded in educational context containing about 12429 words speech K7F Tutorial lesson. recorded in business context PS5PY 50, ‘John’, tutor, tutor, male K75 J. PS5R0 16, ‘Sarah’, school student, student, fe- male PS5PA trainer, no further information given, fe- male Sample containing about 6155 words K75PS000 speech recorded in educational context 12. List of works excerpted 295

K7G Oral history project: interview. sciences) PS5R1 71, ‘Thomas’, retired baker, interviewee, K91 The price of glory: Verdun 1916. male Horne, Alistair, Penguin Books, Lon- PS5R2 historian, interviewer, male don (1993), 125-226. Sample contain- Sample containing about 7048 words ing about 40979 words from a book (do- speech recorded in educational context main: world affairs) K8R Dying to meet you. Gill, B.M., Coronet K92 An introduction to modern economics. Books, London (1989), 73-177. Sample Khan, Badhur, Hardwick, Philip and containing about 30555 words from a Langmead, John, Longman Group UK book (domain: imaginative) Ltd, Harlow (1990), 287-405. Sample K8S The green branch. Pargeter, Edith, containing about 42245 words from a Warner Books, London (1987), 126- book (domain: commerce) 232. Sample containing about 40960 K93 English phonetics and phonology. words from a book (domain: imagina- Roach, Peter, C.U.P., Cambridge tive) (1983), 75-193. Sample containing K8T As the crow flies. Archer, Jeffrey, about 40790 words from a book (do- Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Sevenoaks, main: social science) Kent (1991), 9-124. Sample containing K94 Sales technique and management. Lan- about 37906 words from a book (do- caster, G and Jobber, D., Pitman Pub- main: imaginative) lishing, London (1992), 63-171. Sam- K8U Capitalism since 1945. Harrison, John, ple containing about 42882 words from Glyn, Andrew and Armstrong, Philip, a book (domain: commerce) Blackwell, Oxford (1991), 115-230. K95 The house of the red slayer. Harding, Sample containing about 45119 words Paul, Headline Book Publishing plc, from a book (domain: world affairs) London (1992), 67-224. Sample con- K8V Coffin in fashion. Butler, Gwendoline, taining about 46396 words from a book Fontana Press, London (1990), 61-221. (domain: imaginative) Sample containing about 41385 words K96 Community Care. u.p.. Sample con- from a book (domain: imaginative) taining about 21593 words from a pe- K8W UK financial institutions and markets. riodical (domain: social science) Pawlet, Michael, Bentley, Patrick and K97 Liverpool Echo & Daily Post. Griffith, Winstone, David, Macmillan Press Ltd, John (ed.), Liverpool Daily Post & Echo London (1991), 105-261. Sample con- Ltd, Liverpool (1993). Sample contain- taining about 43981 words from a book ing about 337863 words from a period- (domain: commerce) ical (domain: world affairs) K8X Governments, managers and industrial K98 [Sainsbury’s magazines]. u.p.. Sample relations. Ferner, Anthony, Blackwell, containing about 9654 words from a pe- Oxford (1988), 1-92. Sample contain- riodical (domain: social science) ing about 45009 words from a book (do- K99 JS Journal. J Sainsbury. Sample con- main: commerce) taining about 13031 words from a peri- K8Y Interpreting data. Anderson, Alan J. odical (domain: social science) B., Chapman & Hall, London (1990), K9A JS Journal. J Sainsbury. Sample con- 85-215. Sample containing about taining about 13416 words from a peri- 37355 words from a book (domain: ap- odical (domain: social science) plied science) K9B Courtaulds News. u.p.. Sample K90 Network analysis and practice. Walton, containing about 16799 words of un- A.K., C.U.P., Cambridge (1987), 144- published miscellanea (domain: com- 288. Sample containing about 39103 merce) words from a book (domain: natural 296 12. List of works excerpted

K9C Courtaulds News. u.p.. Sample plied science) containing about 17375 words of un- K9S [British Gas South Western leaflets]. published miscellanea (domain: com- u.p.. Sample containing about 13601 merce) words of unpublished miscellanea (do- K9D Courtaulds News. u.p.. Sample main: commerce) containing about 15360 words of un- K9T National Library of Scotland – published miscellanea (domain: com- newsletter. u.p.. Sample containing merce) about 2643 words of unpublished mis- K9E Courtaulds News. u.p.. Sample cellanea (domain: applied science) containing about 5891 words of un- K9U National Library of Scotland – published miscellanea (domain: com- newsletter. u.p.. Sample containing merce) about 8513 words of unpublished mis- K9F ICI Chemicals & Polymers: Environ- cellanea (domain: applied science) mental Issues. u.p.. Sample containing K9V Transport. u.p.. Sample containing about 5307 words of unpublished mis- about 14211 words from a periodical cellanea (domain: commerce) (domain: commerce) K9G ICI Chemicals & Polymers: Environ- K9W Transport. u.p.. Sample containing mental Issues. u.p.. Sample containing about 12608 words from a periodical about 4799 words of unpublished mis- (domain: commerce) cellanea (domain: commerce) K9X [Unpublished school essays]. u.p.. K9H ICI Chemicals & Polymers: Environ- Sample containing about 13956 words mental Issues. u.p.. Sample containing of unpublished miscellanea (domain: about 6443 words of unpublished mis- social science) cellanea (domain: commerce) K9Y [School welcome pack]. u.p.. Sample K9J ICI Innovation. ICI. Sample containing containing about 2475 words of unpub- about 24051 words from a periodical lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- (domain: commerce) ence) K9K Q: The Quality Magazine of ICI Chem- KA0 [School regulations and other papers]. icals & Polymers. u.p.. Sample contain- u.p.. Sample containing about 2346 ing about 11589 words from a periodi- words of unpublished miscellanea (do- cal (domain: commerce) main: social science) K9L Q: The Quality Magazine of ICI Chem- KA1 [School essays on literature]. u.p.. icals & Polymers. ICI. Sample contain- Sample containing about 46614 words ing about 10084 words from a periodi- of unpublished miscellanea (domain: cal (domain: commerce) arts) K9M What’s Cooking. u.p.. Sample con- KA2 [Unpublished creative writing]. u.p.. taining about 5304 words of unpub- Sample containing about 8602 words lished miscellanea (domain: applied of unpublished miscellanea (domain: science) imaginative) K9N What’s Cooking. u.p.. Sample contain- KA3 [School essays etc. u.p.. ] Sample ing about 4151 words of unpublished containing about 5309 words of unpub- miscellanea (domain: applied science) lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- K9P What’s Cooking. u.p.. Sample contain- ence) ing about 4825 words of unpublished KA4 Campus. Stirling University. Sample miscellanea (domain: applied science) containing about 9491 words of a peri- K9R CCG People staff newspaper. u.p.. odical (domain: world affairs) Sample containing about 4102 words of KA5 [Scottish Christian Aid committee doc- unpublished miscellanea (domain: ap- uments]. u.p.. Sample containing about 12. List of works excerpted 297

8991 words of unpublished miscellanea about 4744 words of unpublished mis- (domain: belief and thought) cellanea (domain: leisure) KA6 Medau News. The Medau Society, UK KAJ The Medau Society. u.p.. Sample con- (1980-88). Sample containing about taining about 28890 words of unpub- 3464 words of unpublished miscellanea lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) (domain: leisure) KAK [Labour Party pamphlet on Educa- KA7 Medau News. The Medau Society, UK tion] Will we ever learn? Sample con- (1980-88). Sample containing about taining about 4452 words of unpub- 3682 words of unpublished miscellanea lished miscellanea (domain: social sci- (domain: leisure) ence). u.p.. KA8 Medau News. The Medau Society, UK KAL [Personal letters home from an aca- (1980-88). Sample containing about demic visiting China and Brazil]. 4099 words of unpublished miscellanea Leech, G, [unpublished] (1977,1980). (domain: leisure) Sample containing about 16833 words KA9 Medau News. The Medau Society, UK of unpublished miscellanea (domain: (1980-88). Sample containing about social science) 3156 words of unpublished miscellanea KAM [Autobiographical notes written for (domain: leisure) the archives of the British Academy]. KAA Medau News. The Medau Society, UK Leech, Geoffrey, u.p.. Sample contain- (1980-88). Sample containing about ing about 4570 words of unpublished 3856 words of unpublished miscellanea miscellanea (domain: social science) (domain: leisure) KAN [Report to a sponsor on lecture tour of KAB Medau News. The Medau Society, UK India]. u.p. (1976). Sample containing (1980-88). Sample containing about about 2611 words of unpublished mis- 3720 words of unpublished miscellanea cellanea (domain: social science) (domain: leisure) KAP Christian Aid. u.p.. Sample contain- KAC Medau News. The Medau Society, UK ing about 15083 words of unpublished (1980-88). Sample containing about miscellanea (domain: social science) 3640 words of unpublished miscellanea KAR [Personal letters]. u.p.. Sample con- (domain: leisure) taining about 8950 words of unpub- KAD Medau News. The Medau Society, UK lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) (1980-88). Sample containing about KAS [Unpublished poems]. u.p.. Sample 3738 words of unpublished miscellanea containing about 3246 words of unpub- (domain: leisure) lished miscellanea (domain: imagina- KAE Medau News. The Medau Society, UK tive) (1980-88). Sample containing about KAT [Creative writing]. u.p.. Sample con- 3975 words of unpublished miscellanea taining about 3676 words of unpub- (domain: leisure) lished miscellanea (domain: imagina- KAF Medau News. The Medau Society, UK tive) (1980-88). Sample containing about KAU [Personal letters]. u.p.. Sample con- 4281 words of unpublished miscellanea taining about 1908 words of unpub- (domain: leisure) lished miscellanea (domain: leisure) KAG Medau News. The Medau Society, UK KAV [Schoolchildren’s creative writing]. (1980-88). Sample containing about u.p.. Sample containing about 4466 4036 words of unpublished miscellanea words of unpublished miscellanea (do- (domain: leisure) main: imaginative) KAH Medau News. The Medau Soci- KAX [Creative writing – poems]. u.p.. ety, UK (1980-88). Sample containing Sample containing about 1920 words 298 12. List of works excerpted

of unpublished miscellanea (domain: PS01W ‘Joan’retired, Central Northern England, imaginative) female KAY [School essays on literature]. u.p.. KB3 8 conversations recorded by ‘Alison’ Sample containing about 30176 words (PS147) between 30 January and 4 of unpublished miscellanea (domain: February 1992 with 4 interlocutors, arts) totalling 1966 s-units, 10492 words, KB0 19 conversations recorded by ‘Mar- and 2 hours 20 minutes 32 seconds of garet’ (PS002) between 13 and 16 recordings. March 1992 with 9 interlocutors, to- PS147 ‘Alison’, 43, housewife, Scottish, AB, fe- talling 3901 s-units, 42462 words, and male PS148 ‘Grant’, 7, student (state primary), Scot- 6 hours 28 minutes 0 seconds of record- tish, AB, male ings. PS149 ‘Bob’, 53, deputy prison governor, Scot- tish, AB, male PS002 ‘Margaret’, 60, retired, Lancashire, female PS14A ‘Annabel’, 2, student (private pre), Scot- PS003 ‘Ena’, 50, farmer’s wife, Welsh, female tish, AB, female PS004 ‘Philip’, 25, farmer’s son, male PS005 ‘Ida’, 40, shop assistant, Welsh, female KB4 1 conversation recorded by ‘Alan2’ PS006 ‘Bob’, 50, minister, London, male PS007 ‘Alan’, 79, retired (lecturer and mission- (PS1CP) [dates unknown] with 5 in- ary), AB, male terlocutors, totalling 174 s-units, 828 PS008 ‘John’, 40, moderator, Welsh, male words, and 8 minutes 0 seconds of PS009 ‘Gethyn’, 40, minister, Welsh, male PS00A ‘Noel’, 60, minister, Welsh, male recordings. PS1CP ‘Alan’, 55, driver, London, DE, male KB1 17 conversations recorded by ‘Albert’ PS1CR ‘Mandy’London, female (PS01A) between 1 and 6 February PS1CS ‘Darren’, 24, unemployed, London, DE, 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling male PS1CU ‘Gary’London, male 5856 s-units, 39285 words, and over 3 PS1CV ‘Tracey’, female hours 6 minutes 40 seconds of record- KB5 11 conversations recorded by ‘Andrew’ ings. (PS028) on 30 May 1991 with 6 in- PS01A ‘Albert’, 53, unemployed, Central North- ern England, DE, male terlocutors, totalling 452 s-units, 5541 PS01B ‘June’, 47, forecourt attendant, Central words, and 58 minutes 17 seconds of Northern England, DE, female recordings. PS01C ‘Ada’, 70, retired, Central Northern Eng- land, female PS028 ‘Andrew’, 16, student, London, C2, male PS01D ‘Corrinne’, 18, student, Central Northern PS0Y5 ‘Suzanne’, 17, student, London, female England, DE, female PS0Y7 ‘Val’, 46, systems analyst, Northern Eng- PS01E ‘Colin’, 39, unemployed, Central North- land, female ern England, male PS0Y8 ‘John’, 17, student, London, male PS01F ‘Karen’, 38, housewife, Central Northern PS0YA ‘Sanjay’, 18, student, London, male England, female PS0YC ‘Jon’, 18, student, London, male PS01G ‘Sasha’, 5, student, Central Northern England, female KB6 8 conversations recorded by ‘Angela’ PS01H ‘Rose’, 67, retired, Central Northern Eng- (PS029) between 2 and 6 December land, female 1991 with 7 interlocutors, totalling PS01J ‘None’, 46+, shopkeeper, Scottish, female 2360 s-units, 12953 words, and 1 hour KB2 25 conversations recorded by ‘Alec’ 22 minutes 59 seconds of recordings. (PS01T) between 31 January and 7 PS029 ‘Angela’, 29, out work (pt), Central South- February 1992 with 5 interlocutors, to- west England, DE, female talling 5729 s-units, 35089 words (du- PS02A ‘Chris’, 25, engineer, Central South-west England, DE, male ration not recorded). PS02B ‘Angela’, 32, housewife, London, female PS01T ‘Alec’, 68, retired, Central Northern Eng- PS02C ‘Angela’, 32, housewife, London, female land, DE, male PS02D ‘Zoe’, 28, housewife, Central South-west PS01U ‘Ann’, 45, saleswoman, Central Northern England, female England, female PS02E ‘Sue’, 29, hairdresser, Central South-west PS01V ‘Joyce’, 63, retired, Central Northern England, female England, DE, female PS02F ‘Ben’, 3, student (state pre), DE, male 12. List of works excerpted 299

KB7 60 conversations recorded by ‘Ann’ PS14D ‘Rebecca’, 9, student, North-east Eng- (PS02G) between 28 November and 5 land, female PS14E ‘Amy’, 8, student, North-east England, fe- December 1991 with 35 interlocutors, male totalling 16243 s-units, 103997 words, PS14F ‘Matthew’, 8, student, North-east Eng- and over 13 hours 5 minutes 36 seconds land, male PS14H ‘Richard’, 6, student, North-east England, of recordings. male PS02G ‘Ann’, 46, team leader, North-east Eng- PS14K ‘Martin’, 6, student, Northern England, land, C2, female male PS02H ‘Stuart’, 33, factory operative, East An- PS14L ‘Dorothy’, 36, probation officer, Central glia, DE, male Midlands, female PS02J ‘Brian’, 45, paper-man, Northern Eng- PS14M ‘James’, 2, pre-school, North-east Eng- land, male land, male PS02K ‘Jill’, 40, estate agent, East Anglia, fe- PS14N ‘Bryony’, 2, pre-school, North-east Eng- male land, female PS02L ‘Jeanie’, 63, retired, Scottish, female PS14P ‘Richard’, 2, pre-school, North-east Eng- PS02M ‘Sue’, 40, care assistant, Scottish, female land, male PS02N ‘Shirley’, 45, publican, Midlands, female PS14R ‘Isabelle’, 53, shop assistant, North-east PS02P ‘Alan’, 50Scottish, male England, female PS02R ‘Terry’Scottish, male PS15B ‘Sally’, 10, student, North-east England, PS02S ‘Bob’, 46, publican, Central Midlands, female male PS15C ‘Andrea’, 37, teacher, North-east Eng- PS02T ‘Harry’, 50, male land, female PS02U ‘John’, 60, retired (policeman), London, PS15D ‘Sid’, 35+, teacher, North-east England, male male PS02V ‘Martin’, 23, marketing person, Northern PS15G ‘Marilyn’, 42, secretary, Northern Eng- England, male land, female PS02X ‘Helen’, 22, housewife, East Anglia, fe- PS15S ‘Bill’, 55, clerk to town council, North- male east England, male PS02Y ‘Jonathan’, 17, Youth Training Scheme PS15U ‘Betty’, 58, housewife, North-east Eng- trainee, East Anglia, male land, female PS030 ‘Christian’, 19, process worker, male PS15V ‘Paul’, 27, unemployed, North-east Eng- PS031 ‘Richard’, 2, pre-school, male land, male PS032 ‘Anna Marie’, 1, pre-school, female PS166 ‘Jackie’, 38, clerical officer, North-east PS033 ‘Bernie’, 26, building labourer, male England, female PS036 ‘Bill’, 61, team leader, male PS167 ‘Pat’, 39, shop assistant, North-east Eng- PS037 ‘Jean’, 57, process worker, female land, female PS038 ‘Steven’, 26, process worker, male PS168 ‘Chris’, 9, student, North-east England, PS039 ‘Deidre’, 44, senior team leader, female female PS03A ‘John’, 56, process worker, male PS169 ‘Margaret’, 86, retired, North-east Eng- PS03B ‘Dawn’, 50, process worker, female land, female PS03C ‘Tina’, 27, team leader, East Anglia, fe- PS16F ‘Erin’, 7, student, North-east England, fe- male male PS03D ‘Val’, 36, Queen’s counsel, female PS16G ‘Kathy’, 32, housewife, Northern Eng- PS03F ‘Trevor’, 40, process worker, male land, female PS03H ‘Brenda’, 44, female PS16H ‘Martin’, 6, student, North-east England, PS03J ‘Lynda’, 21, female male PS03K ‘Neville’, 50, male PS16S ‘None’ PS03M ‘Maxine’, 25, process worker, Northern PS172 ‘Evelyn’ England, female PS17G ‘Maggie’, 30, childminder, Northern PS03N ‘Mervin’, 36, process worker, East An- England, female glia, male PS17L ‘Arthur’, 70, retired, Northern England, PS03R ‘Grace’, female male PS6TB ‘None’ PS17M ‘Tom’, 70, retired, Irish, male PS17N ‘Rosie’, 35, childminder, Northern Eng- KB8 34 conversations recorded by ‘Ann2’ land, female (PS14B) on 3 April 1992 with 37 inter- PS17S ‘Alan’, 60, baker, North-east England, male locutors, totalling 12018 s-units, 78798 PS18D ‘Louise’, 29, housewife, North-east Eng- words, and over 8 hours 19 minutes 57 land, female seconds of recordings. PS50S ‘Jean’, 35, housewife, Northern England, female PS14B ‘Ann’, 53, registered childminder, Central PS6NU ‘Alison’, 24, housewife, Northern Eng- Northern England, AB, female land, female PS14C ‘James’, 57, charge nurse, North-east England, AB, male KB9 44 conversations recorded by ‘Annette’ 300 12. List of works excerpted

(PS1CX) between 1 and ?? Febru- PS1A9 ‘Audrey’, 61, housewife, Lancashire, AB, ary 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling female PS1AA ‘Gordon’, 61, teacher, Lancashire, AB, 5497 s-units, 31762 words, and over 2 male minutes 5 seconds of recordings. PS1AB ‘Margaret’, 45, nurse, Lancashire, female PS1CX ‘Annette’, 44, administrative assistant, PS1AC ‘Joan’, 50+, clerk, Central Northern Eng- Lancashire, C1, female land, female PS1CY ‘Teresa’, 19, stable hand, Lancashire, C1, PS1AD ‘Kevin’, 29, computer engineer, Northern female England, male PS1D0 ‘David’, 26, engineer, Lancashire, male PS1AE ‘Carl’, 31, pharmacist, Northern Eng- PS1D1 ‘Tracy’, 24, housewife, Lancashire, fe- land, AB, male male PS1AF ‘None’ PS1D2 ‘Donald’, 71, retired, Northern England, PS1AG ‘Elaine’, 28, housewife, Northern Eng- male land, female PS1KS ‘Pat’, 48+Lancashire, female PS1AH ‘Iris’, 60, housewife, Lancashire, female KBA 17 conversations recorded by ‘An- KBD 24 conversations recorded by ‘Barry’ thony’ (PS1DA) between 30 November (PS03W) between 1 and 6 February and 4 December 1991 with 8 interlocu- 1992 with 10 interlocutors, totalling tors, totalling 1192 s-units, 5272 words, 9021 s-units, 58087 words, and 5 hours and 1 hour 5 minutes 22 seconds of 12 minutes 10 seconds of recordings. recordings. PS03W ‘Barry’, 41, entertainments consultant, Central Northern England, AB, male KBAPS000 ‘None’ PS03X ‘Terri’, 35, bar staff, Home Counties, fe- PS1DA ‘Anthony’, 62, retired, Central South- male west England, C2, male PS03Y ‘Hugh’, 30, bar staff, Irish, male PS1DB ‘Chris’, 61, housewife, Central South- PS040 ‘Alan’, 38, security, Lancashire, male west England, C2, female PS041 ‘None’ PS1DC ‘Chris’, 26, warehouse op, Central PS042 ‘Mark’, 30, dj, London, male South-west England, male PS043 ‘Ken’, 30, security, Lancashire, male PS1DD ‘Kevin’, 31, warehouse op, Central PS044 ‘None’, 35, housewife, Lancashire, female South-west England, male PS045 ‘Sergio’, 9, student (state primary), Lan- PS1DE ‘Dave’, 20, warehouse op, Merseyside, cashire, AB, male male PS1DF ‘Achmed’, 30, warehouse op, Indian Sub- KBE 27 conversations recorded by ‘Betty’ continent, male (PS04B) between 28 November and ?? PS1DG ‘Janet’, 24, housewife, Central South- west England, female December 1991 with 9 interlocutors, to- KBB 41 conversations recorded by ‘Arthur’ talling 10543 s-units, 62321 words, and (PS03S) between 10 and 13 January over 5 hours 40 minutes 22 seconds of 1992 with 7 interlocutors, totalling recordings. PS04B ‘Betty’, 57, housewife, Central South- 11521 s-units, 76309 words, and over west England, DE, female 8 hours 52 minutes 5 seconds of record- PS04C ‘Googie’, 76, housewife, Central South- ings. west England, female PS04D ‘Rose’, 64, housewife, Central South- PS03S ‘Arthur’, 82, retired (precision engineer), west England, female Central Midlands, C2, male PS04E ‘Wendy’, 33, housewife, Central South- PS03T ‘Evelyn’, 75, retired, Central Midlands, west England, female C2, female PS04F ‘Julie’, 25, production worker, Central PS03U ‘Tom’, 54, draughtsman, London, male South-west England, DE, female PS03V ‘Jackie’, 51, catering supervisor, Central PS04G ‘Maggie’, 32, shop assistant, Central Midlands, female South-west England, female PS0YX ‘Les’, 75, retired, Central Midlands, male PS04H ‘Sally’, 23, production worker, Central PS0YY ‘Kath’, 73, retired, Central Midlands, fe- South-west England, DE, female male PS04J ‘David’, 55, disabled unemployed, Central PS100 ‘Vince’, 73, retired, North-east England, South-west England, DE, male male PS04K ‘Edna’, 76, housewife, Central South- KBC 14 conversations recorded by ‘Audrey’ west England, female (PS1A9) between 2 and 9 April 1992 KBF 103 conversations recorded by with 9 interlocutors, totalling 6341 s- ‘Brenda’ (PS04U) between 28 Novem- units, 31337 words, and 3 hours 38 min- ber and 4 December 1991 with 6 utes 41 seconds of recordings. interlocutors, totalling 13578 s-units, 12. List of works excerpted 301

105262 words, and over 11 hours 59 PS1DU ‘Ann’, 26, hairdresser, Central Midlands, minutes 46 seconds of recordings. female PS1DV ‘Adele’, 11, schoolgirl, Central Mid- PS04U ‘Brenda’, 34, housewife, London, C2, fe- lands, female male PS04V ‘Dave’, 37, hgv driver, London, C2, male KBK 228 conversations recorded by ‘Chris’ PS04W ‘Lee’, 15, student (state secondary), Lon- don, C2, male (PS05X) between 31 May and 1 June PS04X ‘Carla’, 11, student (state primary), Lon- 1991 with 8 interlocutors, totalling don, C2, female 7432 s-units, 53920 words, and over 5 PS04Y ‘Jean’, 62, housewife, Home Counties, female hours 39 minutes 52 seconds of record- PS050 ‘Nigel’, 23, plumber, London, male ings. KBG 10 conversations recorded by ‘Carl’ PS05X ‘Chris’, 51, export merchant, Home (PS051) between 21 and 27 Febru- Counties, AB, male PS101 ‘Norrine’, 54, teacher, London, AB, fe- ary 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling male 4559 s-units, 28812 words, and 3 hours PS102 ‘Lynda’, 44, export assistant, London, fe- 30 minutes 23 seconds of recordings. male PS103 ‘Susan’, 30, cleaner, London, female PS051 ‘Carl’, 34, teacher, North-east England, PS104 ‘Bill’, 30+, plastics company director, C1, male London, male PS052 ‘Susan’, 33, teacher (pt), Home Counties, PS106 ‘Tony’, 60+, retired, London, male C1, female PS107 ‘David’, 45, property manager, London, PS053 ‘Christopher’, 4, pre-school, C1, male male PS054 ‘Rebecca’, 1, pre-school, C1, female PS108 ‘Evelyn’, 60+, retired, London, female PS055 ‘Andrew’, 7, student (primary), C1, male PS056 ‘Robert’, 9, student (secondary), C1, male KBL 40 conversations recorded by ‘Cherri- PS057 ‘Peter’, 58, lorry driver, East Anglia, male PS058 ‘Alan’, 65, retired, East Anglia, male lyn’ (PS06A) between 21 and 26 Febru- PS059 ‘Pat’, 62, retired, Home Counties, male ary 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling KBH 63 conversations recorded by ‘Carol’ 5508 s-units, 27294 words (duration not (PS05B) between 30 May and 5 June recorded). 1991 with 8 interlocutors, totalling PS06A ‘Cherrilyn’, 43, nursing auxiliary, Lower South-west England, C1, female 7122 s-units, 47995 words, and over 6 PS06B ‘Jessica’, 13, student (state secondary), hours 42 minutes 9 seconds of record- Lower South-west England, C1, female ings. PS06C ‘None’ PS06D ‘Sophie’, 21, student, Lower South-west PS05B ‘Carole’, 36, administrator (pt), Home England, C1, female Counties, C1, female PS06E ‘Kate’, 12, student, Lower South-west PS05C ‘Joelle’, 18, au pair, European (French), England, female DE, female PS06F ‘Brian’, 43, mortgage broker, Lower PS05D ‘Adam’, 36, textile agent, Home Coun- South-west England, C1, male ties, C1, male PS06G ‘Fiona’, 33, matron of nursing home, PS05E ‘Charlotte’, 2, pre-school, C1, female Central South-west England, female PS05F ‘Pauline’, 30+, shop owner, Home Coun- PS06H ‘Lorraine’, 16, care assistant, Home ties, female Counties, female PS05H ‘Ron’, 60+, retired, Home Counties, male PS06J ‘None’, 70Lower South-west England, PS05J ‘Pat’, 60+, retired, Home Counties, female male PS05K ‘Toby’, 5, male KBJ 26 conversations recorded by ‘Carol2’ KBM 13 conversations recorded by (PS1DP) between 10 and 17 January ‘Chris2’ (PS1BL) on 2 April 1992 with 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling 7 interlocutors, totalling 2837 s-units, 2265 s-units, 11137 words (duration not 19723 words, and 2 hours 22 minutes recorded). 47 seconds of recordings. PS1DP ‘Carol’, 44, courier, Central Midlands, PS1BL ‘Chris’, 15, student, North-west Mid- C1, female lands, AB, male PS1DR ‘Emma’, 11, student (state secondary), PS1BM ‘Lynne’, 45, bookkeeper, North-west Central Midlands, C1, female Midlands, AB, female PS1DS ‘Chris’, 47, area organiser for union, Cen- PS1BN ‘David’, 16, student, North-west Mid- tral Midlands, C1, male lands, male PS1DT ‘Dave’, 34, miner, Central Midlands, PS1BP ‘Steven’, 16, student, North-west Mid- male lands, male 302 12. List of works excerpted

PS1BR ‘Simon’, 15, student, North-west Mid- terlocutors, totalling 583 s-units, 2910 lands, male words, and 17 minutes 0 seconds of PS6P6 ‘Rhiannon’, 16, student, North-west Mid- lands, female recordings. PS6P7 ‘Robert’, 48, tax inspector, North-west PS07E ‘Dean’, 32, miner chargehand, Central Midlands, AB, male Northern England, C2, male KBN 18 conversations recorded by ‘Clare’ PS07F ‘John’, 40, unemployed, Central Northern England, DE, male (PS05Y) between 12 and 15 March PS07G ‘David’, 28, unemployed, Central North- 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling ern England, DE, male 1981 s-units, 10609 words, and 2 hours PS07H ‘Michael’, 38, sales representative, Cen- tral Northern England, male 36 minutes 21 seconds of recordings. PS07J ‘Eddie’, 37, lorry driver, Central Northern PS05Y ‘Clare’, 15, student, Welsh, C2, female England, male PS060 ‘Melissa’, 16, student, Welsh, female PS061 ‘William’, 52, carpenter, Welsh, C2, male KBU 2 conversations recorded by ‘Denise’ PS062 ‘Kim’, 9, student, Welsh, female (PS18E) between 6 and 7 April 1992 PS063 ‘Helen’, 29, housewife, Welsh, female with 8 interlocutors, totalling 1829 s- PS064 ‘Marilyn’, 50, housewife, Welsh, C2, fe- male units, 11022 words, and 1 hour 3 min- KBP 15 conversations recorded by utes 14 seconds of recordings. ‘Clarence’ (PS065) between 13 and PS18E ‘Denise’, 25, student nurse, Central Northern England, AB, female 19 March 1992 with 4 interlocutors, PS18H ‘None’ totalling 5039 s-units, 27179 words, PS18J ‘None’ and 2 hours 23 minutes 42 seconds of PS18K ‘None’ PS18L ‘None’ recordings. PS18M ‘None’ PS065 ‘Clarence’, 65, retired, Lancashire, DE, PS18N ‘None’ male PS066 ‘Nina’, 67, retired, Lancashire, DE, fe- KBV 19 conversations recorded by ‘Don- male ald’ (PS07K) between 13 and 20 March PS067 ‘Nev’, 72, retired, North-east Midlands, male 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling 993 PS068 ‘Lil’, 70, retired, Lancashire, female s-units, 4916 words, and over 2 hours KBR 26 conversations recorded by ‘Colin’ 18 minutes 56 seconds of recordings. (PS069) between 20 and 26 Febru- PS07K ‘Donald’, 33, telecommunication techni- ary 1991 with 5 interlocutors, totalling cian, North-west Midlands, C1, male PS07L ‘Karen’, 32, housewife, North-east Mid- 2220 s-units, 11864 words (duration not lands, C1, female recorded). PS07M ‘Luke’, 6, student, North-east Midlands, PS069 ‘Colin’British Rail employee, Home C1, male Counties, male PS07N ‘Gary’, 10, student, North-east Midlands, PS10D ‘Sheila’housekeeper, Home Counties, fe- C1, male male PS07P ‘Marie’, 1, pre-school, North-east Mid- PS10E ‘Nigel’electrician, Home Counties, male lands, C1, female PS10F ‘Neil’unemployed, Home Counties, male KBW 62 conversations recorded by PS10G ‘Joanne’Home Counties, female ‘Dorothy’ (PS087) between 13 and KBS 12 conversations recorded by ‘Dad’ 20 March 1992 with 25 interlocutors, (PS079) [dates unknown] with 5 inter- totalling 19706 s-units, 115332 words, locutors, totalling 1314 s-units, 6972 and over 13 hours 0 minutes 42 seconds words (duration not recorded). of recordings. PS079 ‘Dad’, 79, retired, Upper South-west Eng- land, male PS087 ‘Dorothy’, 34, teacher (pt), North-west PS07A ‘Mum’, 81, retired, Upper South-west Midlands, AB, female England, female PS088 ‘Tim’, 3, student (private pre), North-east PS07B ‘Dorreen’, 50, housekeeper, Midlands, fe- Midlands, AB, male male PS089 ‘Christopher’, 5, student (state primary), PS07C ‘Jane’, 30, hairdresser, Midlands, female North-east Midlands, AB, male PS07D ‘Adam’, 8, student, Midlands, male PS08A ‘Andrew’, 36, purchasing manager, North-east Midlands, AB, male KBT 4 conversations recorded by ‘Dean’ PS08B ‘Elinor’, 14, student, North-east Mid- (PS07E) on 1 February 1992 with 5 in- lands, female 12. List of works excerpted 303

PS08C ‘Jane’, 40, housewife, North-east Mid- KC0 14 conversations recorded by ‘Enid’ lands, female (PS08Y) between 21 and 27 February PS08D ‘Diane’, 38, housewife, North-east Mid- lands, female 1992 with 10 interlocutors, totalling PS08P ‘Sue’, 40, teacher, North-east Midlands, 8028 s-units, 45900 words, and 4 hours female 0 minutes 12 seconds of recordings. PS08S ‘Margaret’, 60+, retired, North-east Mid- lands, female PS08Y ‘Enid’, 70, housewife, London, AB, fe- PS08T ‘Roger’, 45, teacher, male male PS08U ‘June’, 60, teacher, Canadian, female PS090 ‘Noel’, 79, retired (master organ builder), PS08V ‘Jean’, 60, retired, North-east Midlands, London, AB, male female PS091 ‘Mollie’, 89, retired (musician), London, PS08W ‘None’, 40, secretary, North-east Mid- female lands, female PS092 ‘Ann’, 62, retired (teacher), female PS0XJ ‘Jane’, 24, teacher, North-east Midlands, PS093 ‘John’, 40, butcher, East Anglia, male female PS094 ‘Pam’, 46, shop assistant, East Anglia, fe- PS0XK ‘Dawn’, 30, housewife, North-east Mid- male lands, female PS095 ‘Stanley’, 95, retired (farmer), East An- PS0XL ‘Yvonne’, 30+, housewife, North-east glia, male Midlands, female PS096 ‘Patsy’, 50, computer programmer, female PS0XM ‘Pat’, 30+, teacher, female PS097 ‘Ian’, 34, advertising executive, male PS0XN ‘Gwen’, 50, teacher/nursery owner, North-east Midlands, female KC1 32 conversations recorded by ‘Frank’ PS0XP ‘Lily’, 40, nursery assistant, North-east (PS09E) between 21 and 28 Febru- Midlands, female PS0XR ‘Marjorie’, 70, retired, North-west Mid- ary 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling lands, female 3193 s-units, 20607 words, and 3 hours PS0XS ‘Ann’, 35, teacher, female 22 minutes 23 seconds of recordings. PS0XU ‘Rosemary’, 50, housewife, Home Coun- ties, female PS09E ‘Frank’, 50, tv engineer, Central South- PS0XV ‘Mary’, 45, drawing plans, North-east west England, C2, male Midlands, female PS09F ‘Lyn’, 48, housewife, Lower South-west PS0Y4 ‘None’teacher, Home Counties, female England, C2, female PS09G ‘Steve’, 44, salesman, London, male KBX 11 conversations recorded by ‘Don- PS09H ‘Gerry’, 46, tv dealer, Central South-west ald2’ (PS1DW) between 17 and 10 Jan- England, male PS09K ‘Rex’, 60, tv dealer, Lower South-west uary 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling England, male 1967 s-units, 28273 words (duration not PS09L ‘Marge’, 58, tv dealer, Lower South-west recorded). England, female PS09M ‘Jonny’, 4, pre-school, Lower South-west KBXPS000 ‘None’North-west Midlands England, C2, male KBXPS001 ‘None’North-west Midlands PS09N ‘Brian’, 55, salesman, London, male PS1DW ‘Donald’, 56, taxi driver, North-west Midlands, C2, male KC2 28 conversations recorded by ‘Fred’ PS1DX ‘Anna’, 60, housewife, European (Rus- sian), female (PS09T) between 13 and 20 March PS1DY ‘Mary’, 60, housewife, European (Rus- 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling sian), female 6625 s-units, 44626 words, and 6 hours PS1E0 ‘Barry’, 50North-west Midlands, male 35 minutes 19 seconds of recordings. KBY 11 conversations recorded by ‘Eliza- PS09T ‘Fred’, 77, retired, North-east Midlands, beth’ (PS08X) between 11 and 17 Jan- DE, male uary 1992 with 5 interlocutors, totalling PS09U ‘Florence’, 71, retired, North-east Mid- 1038 s-units, 6316 words (duration not lands, DE, female PS09V ‘David’, 41, painter/decorator, North-east recorded). Midlands, male PS08X ‘Elizabeth’, 19, student, North-west Mid- PS09W ‘Clive’, 32, unemployed, North-east lands, C1, female Midlands, male PS10H ‘None’, 18, student, North-west Mid- PS09X ‘Marjorie’, 36, housewife, North-east lands, male Midlands, female PS10K ‘Matthew’, 23, manager, North-west PS09Y ‘Gemma’, 11, student, North-east Mid- Midlands, C1, male lands, female PS10L ‘Anne’, 48, clerk (pt), North-west Mid- PS0A0 ‘Steven’, 37, office manager, North-east lands, C1, female Midlands, male PS10M ‘Mike’, 53, computer operator, North- PS0A1 ‘Emily’, 7, student, North-east Midlands, west Midlands, C1, male female 304 12. List of works excerpted

PS0A2 ‘Sandra’, 39, housewife, North-east Mid- 1992 with 10 interlocutors, totalling lands, female 2413 s-units, 14962 words (duration not KC3 15 conversations recorded by ‘Freder- recorded). ick’ (PS0A8) between 10 and 15 Jan- PS0BA ‘Gavin’, 25, photographer, Merseyside, uary 1992 with 10 interlocutors, to- C1, male PS0BB ‘Sue’, 24, sales assistant, Central North- talling 3930 s-units, 36931 words (du- ern England, C1, female ration not recorded). PS0BC ‘Richard’, 24, journalist, Midlands, male PS0A8 ‘Frederick’, 66, retired (social worker), PS0BD ‘Terry’, 26, hairdresser, Central Northern Central Midlands, AB, male England, male PS0A9 ‘Janet’, 49, health visitor, Central Mid- PS0BE ‘Lindsey’, 24, hairdresser, Central North- lands, female ern England, female PS0AA ‘Peter’, 49, chemist, Home Counties, PS0BF ‘Saranne’, 23, journalist, Midlands, fe- male male PS0AB ‘Joan’, 68, housewife, Central Midlands, PS0BG ‘Adrian’, 25, journalist, Central Mid- female lands, male PS0AC ‘Vicki’, 40, teacher, South Midlands, fe- PS0BH ‘Steve’, 25, journalist, Midlands, male male PS0BJ ‘Nick’, 20, office junior, Midlands, male PS0AD ‘Heidi’, 15, schoolgirl, Central Midlands, female KC7 7 conversations recorded by ‘Gill’ PS0AE ‘Yvonne’, 40, clerk, Central Midlands, (PS0BK) on 15 January 1992 with female 5 interlocutors, totalling 1640 s-units, PS0AF ‘Trish’, 30, physiotherapist, Central Mid- lands, female 15279 words (duration not recorded). PS0AG ‘Eileen’, 61, cleaner, Irish, female PS0BK ‘Gill’, 21, waitress, Home Counties, DE, female KC4 25 conversations recorded by ‘Fred2’ PS0BL ‘Jemma’, 22, unemployed, Home Coun- (PS1E4) between 31 May and 5 June ties, DE, female 1991 with 9 interlocutors, totalling PS0BS ‘Nancy’, 18, business student, London, female 3050 s-units, 23715 words, and 3 hours PS0BT ‘Jim’, 21, student, Home Counties, male 15 minutes 48 seconds of recordings. KC8 11 conversations recorded by ‘Gillian’ PS1E4 ‘Fred’, 78, retired, North-west Midlands, AB, male (PS0BY) between 29 November and 6 PS1E5 ‘None’ December 1991 with 6 interlocutors, PS1E6 ‘None’ PS1E7 ‘None’ totalling 1822 s-units, 18878 words, PS1E8 ‘None’ and 2 hours 42 minutes 29 seconds of PS1E9 ‘None’ recordings. PS1EA ‘None’ PS0BY ‘Gillian’, 32, housewife, East Anglia, PS1EB ‘None’ AB, female PS1EC ‘None’ PS0C1 ‘Robert’, 34, computer programmer, East KC5 16 conversations recorded by ‘Gail’ Anglia, AB, male (PS0AJ) between 2 and 4 December PS0C4 ‘None’ PS0C5 ‘Dennis’, 60, retired, London, male 1991 with 9 interlocutors, totalling PS0C6 ‘Iris’, 61, retired, London, female 3620 s-units, 22248 words, and over 2 PS0C7 ‘Bonnie’, 40+, housewife, East Anglia, hours 2 minutes 3 seconds of record- female ings. KC9 46 conversations recorded by ‘Ginny’ PS0AJ ‘Gail’, 30, housewife, Central South-west (PS0CG) between 28 November and 6 England, DE, female December 1991 with 9 interlocutors, PS0AK ‘None’ PS0AL ‘Alison’, 28, housewife, Central South- totalling 7182 s-units, 55039 words, west England, DE, female and 6 hours 12 minutes 49 seconds of PS0AM ‘None’ PS0AN ‘Natalie’, 7, student (state primary), Cen- recordings. tral South-west England, female PS0CG ‘Ginny’, 65, housewife, North-east Mid- PS0AP ‘None’ lands, AB, female PS0AR ‘None’ PS0CH ‘Keith’, 63, design engineer, London, PS0AS ‘None’ AB, male PS0AT ‘None’ PS0CJ ‘Dinda’, 25, customs controller, Home Counties, AB, female KC6 25 conversations recorded by ‘Gavin’ PS0CK ‘Vicky’, 40+, shop assistant, London, fe- (PS0BA) between 11 and 17 January male 12. List of works excerpted 305

PS0CL ‘None’ PS6ST ‘None’ PS0CM ‘Jackie’shop assistant, female PS6T9 ‘None’ PS0CN ‘Turan’, 50, hair salon owner, Turkish, PS6TA ‘None’ male PS0CP ‘None’ KCE 24 conversations recorded by ‘Helena’ PS0CR ‘None’ (PS0EB) between 12 and 20 March KCA 22 conversations recorded by ‘Gor- 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling don’ (PS0DL) between 10 and 13 Jan- 7370 s-units, 50776 words, and 5 hours uary 1992 with 8 interlocutors, totalling 47 minutes 8 seconds of recordings. 3033 s-units, 21431 words (duration not PS0EB ‘Helena’, 16, student, North-east Mid- lands, C2, female recorded). PS0EC ‘Emma’, 16, student, Upper South-west PS0DL ‘Gordon’, 32, unemployed, Welsh, DE, England, female male PS0ED ‘Sheila’, 41, driving instructor, North- PS0DM ‘Debbie’, 29, housewife, Welsh, DE, fe- east Midlands, C2, female male PS0EE ‘David’, 17, student, North-east Mid- PS0DN ‘Hayley’, 29, housewife, Welsh, female lands, C2, male PS0DP ‘Lyn’, 32, housewife, Welsh, female PS0EF ‘Joanne’, 13, student, Upper South-west PS0DR ‘Tom’, 56, factory worker, Welsh, male England, female PS0DT ‘Sean’, 6, student (state primary), Welsh, PS0EG ‘Andy’, 18, insurance clerk, Upper DE, male South-west England, male PS0DU ‘Kirsty’, 3, student (state pre), Welsh, PS0EH ‘Scott’, 19, student, Upper South-west DE, female England, male PS0EJ ‘Mark/shrimpy’, 18, spring inspector, Up- KCB 13 conversations recorded by per South-west England, male ‘Graeme’ (PS0DX) between 22 and 26 PS0EK ‘Susan’, 16, student, Upper South-west February 1992 with 7 interlocutors, England, female totalling 2686 s-units, 15326 words KCF 30 conversations recorded by ‘Her- (duration not recorded). bert’ (PS1EM) between 13 and 19 PS0DX ‘Graeme’, 62, company secretary, New March 1992 with 9 interlocutors, to- Zealand, AB, male talling 3755 s-units, 21898 words, and PS0DY ‘Ann’, 58, housewife, AB, female PS0E2 ‘Sarah’, 23, sales representative, female 3 hours 51 minutes 57 seconds of PS0E3 ‘Antony’, 25, car salesman, male recordings. PS0E4 ‘Joyce’, 60+, housewife, female PS1EM ‘Herbert’, 56, landscape gardener, PS0E5 ‘Hazel’, 53, coffee shop assistant, female Welsh, C2, male PS0E6 ‘Zara’, 57, coffee shop owner, female PS1EN ‘Iris’, 54, home care assistant, Welsh, C2, KCC 2 conversations recorded by ‘Hazel’ female PS1EP ‘Alison’, 21, landscape gardener, Welsh, (PS0F5) on 11 January 1992 with 2 in- C2, female terlocutors, totalling 563 s-units, 5311 PS1ER ‘Stuart’, 22, hairdresser, Welsh, male words (duration not recorded). PS1ES ‘Gordon’, 72, retired, Welsh, male PS1ET ‘Mary’, 76, housewife, Welsh, female PS0F5 ‘Hazel’, 39, vdu clerk (pt), Welsh, C1, PS1EU ‘Mike’, 40, driver, Welsh, male female PS1EV ‘Sally’, 80, retired, Welsh, female PS0F6 ‘Cerys’, 7, schoolgirl (state primary), PS1EW ‘Eddie’, 72, retired, Welsh, male Welsh, C1, female PS0F7 ‘Marie’, 66, housewife, Welsh, female KCG 20 conversations recorded by ‘Jane’ KCD 107 conversations recorded by ‘He- (PS19L) between 2 and 9 April 1992 len’ (PS0E8) between 31 May and 1 with 10 interlocutors, totalling 2998 s- June 1991 with 7 interlocutors, to- units, 28227 words, and 3 hours 10 min- talling 5384 s-units, 33104 words, and utes 52 seconds of recordings. 5 hours 19 minutes 52 seconds of PS19L ‘Jane’, 33, housewife, North-west Mid- lands, C2, female recordings. PS19M ‘John’, 38, hgv driver, North-west Mid- PS0E8 ‘Helen’, 40, laboratory technician, Home lands, C2, male Counties, AB, female PS19N ‘Stacey’, 7, student (state primary), PS0E9 ‘Clare’, 11, student (state primary), Home North-west Midlands, C2, female Counties, AB, female PS19P ‘Chris’, 41, barmaid, North-west Mid- PS0EA ‘Amy’, 7, student (state primary), Home lands, female Counties, AB, female PS19R ‘Madge’, 65+, housewife, North-west PS1KL ‘None’ Midlands, female 306 12. List of works excerpted

PS19S ‘Margaret’, 65+, housewife, North-west hours 35 minutes 3 seconds of record- Midlands, female ings. PS19T ‘Bill’, 65+, retired, North-west Midlands, male PS0F8 ‘John’, 53, engineer, C2, male PS19U ‘Lynn’, 30, housewife, North-west Mid- PS0F9 ‘Mary’, 39, nurse, Irish, C2, female lands, female PS0FA ‘Brian’, 18, apprentice engineer, C2, male PS19V ‘Mary’, 64, housewife, North-west Mid- PS0FB ‘Patricia’, 16, student, C2, female lands, female PS0FC ‘Ded’, 25, cashier, West Midlands, fe- male KCH 19 conversations recorded by ‘Jane2’ PS0FD ‘Lyn’, 40, housewife, West Midlands, fe- (PS1BS) between 4 and 10 April 1992 male with 7 interlocutors, totalling 6654 s- KCM 11 conversations recorded by units, 37385 words, and over 4 hours ‘Jonathan’ (PS0FE) between 15 and 46 minutes 52 seconds of recordings. 17 January 1992 with 8 interlocutors, PS1BS ‘Jane’, 40, optician/student, Humberside, totalling 1089 s-units, 7154 words (du- AB, female ration not recorded). PS1BT ‘Phillip’, 46, chartered engineer, Hum- PS0FE ‘Jonathan’, 17, care assistant, Welsh, C2, berside, AB, male male PS1BU ‘Christopher’, 9, student (state primary), PS11J ‘Corale’, 23, take-away worker, Welsh, Humberside, AB, male C2, female PS1BV ‘David’, 6, student (state primary), Hum- PS11L ‘Becky’, 7, student, Welsh, female berside, AB, male PS11M ‘Philip’, 25, inspector, Welsh, male PS1BW ‘Julie’, 27, administrative officer, Cen- PS11N ‘Julie’, 23, factory worker, Welsh, female tral Northern England, female PS11P ‘Rachael’, 3, pre-school, Welsh, female PS1BX ‘Susan’, 24, teacher, Central Northern PS11R ‘Jeff’, 47, panel beater, Welsh, C2, male England, female PS6R1 ‘Janet’, 42, clerk, Central Northern Eng- KCN 55 conversations recorded by land, female ‘Josephine’ (PS0FF) between 12 and KCJ 2 conversations recorded by ‘James’ 20 March 1992 with 8 interlocutors, (PS1C7) between 3 and 6 April 1992 totalling 7580 s-units, 45451 words, with 2 interlocutors, totalling 1493 s- and 7 hours 59 minutes 4 seconds of units, 12719 words, and 1 hour 23 min- recordings. utes 47 seconds of recordings. PS0FF ‘Josephine’, 54, housewife, Welsh, C1, female PS1C7 ‘James’, 63, retired, North-east England, PS0FG ‘Tina’, 84, retired, Welsh, C1, female DE, male PS0FH ‘Danny’, 57, disabled unemployed, PS1C8 ‘Patricia’, 72, housewife, North-east Eng- Welsh, C1, male land, female PS0FJ ‘Susan’, 32, housewife, Welsh, female PS1C9 ‘Margaret’, 30, housewife, North-east PS0FK ‘Steve’, 34, ship’s captain, North-east England, female Midlands, male PS0FL ‘Mark’, 25, assistant manager, Welsh, C1, KCK 12 conversations recorded by ‘Jean’ male (PS1AT) between 3 and 10 April 1992 PS0FM ‘Ricky’, 9, student, Welsh, male with 8 interlocutors, totalling 1427 s- PS0FN ‘Sally’, 30, housewife, Welsh, female units, 9080 words, and 1 hour 23 min- KCP 26 conversations recorded by ‘Joy’ utes 11 seconds of recordings. (PS0GM) between 13 and 19 March PS1AT ‘Jean’, 39, teacher, North-west Midlands, 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling C1, female 10914 s-units, 77331 words, and 7 PS1AU ‘None’ hours 4 minutes 13 seconds of record- PS1AV ‘None’ PS1AW ‘None’ ings. PS1AX ‘None’ PS0GM ‘Joy’, 46, housewife, South Midlands, PS1AY ‘None’ C1, female PS1B2 ‘Niall’, 6, student (state primary), North- PS0GN ‘Connie’, 75, housewife, Home Coun- west Midlands, C1, male ties, female PS0GP ‘Norman’, 79, retired, Midlands, male KCL 32 conversations recorded by ‘John’ PS0GR ‘John’, 72, retired, North-east England, (PS0F8) between 14 and ?? March male PS0GS ‘Ivy’, 69, retired, Home Counties, female 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling PS0GT ‘Rudy’, 61, warehouse manager, West In- 5559 s-units, 32729 words, and over 2 dian, C1, male 12. List of works excerpted 307

PS0GU ‘Wendy’, 33, housewife, Midlands, fe- PS0GA ‘Sue’, 47, housewife, East Anglia, fe- male male PS0GV ‘Penny’, 36, clerk, Midlands, female PS0GE ‘Ashley’, 10, student, East Anglia, male PS0GW ‘Tracey’, 29, housewife, Midlands, fe- male KCU 9 conversations recorded by ‘Julie’ (PS0GF) between 20 and 22 Febru- KCR 2 conversations recorded by ‘Joyce’ ary 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling (PS1CA) on 4 April 1992 with 4 in- 10696 s-units, 49751 words (duration terlocutors, totalling 577 s-units, 3696 not recorded). words, and 24 minutes 54 seconds of PS0GF ‘Julie’, 24, housewife, Lower South-west recordings. England, DE, female PS1CA ‘Malcolm’, 43, retired (police officer), PS0GG ‘Gary’, 25, storesperson, Lower South- Central Northern England, C1, male west England, DE, male PS1CB ‘Doreen’, 43, housewife, Central North- PS0GH ‘Vicki’, 2, pre-school, Lower South-west ern England, female England, DE, female PS1CC ‘Judy’, 41, clerk, Central Northern Eng- PS0GJ ‘Shelly’, 20, housewife, Lower South- land, C1, female west England, female PS1CD ‘Joanne’, 16, student, Central Northern PS0GK ‘Phil’, 25, cold store worker, Lower England, C1, female South-west England, male PS0GL ‘Sammy’, 4, pre-school, Lower South- KCS 15 conversations recorded by ‘John2’ west England, male (PS1F1) between 30 January and 6 KCV 50 conversations recorded by ‘Kather- February 1992 with 8 interlocutors, ine’ (PS0H7) between 2 and 5 June totalling 2707 s-units, 23532 words, 1991 with 3 interlocutors, totalling and 2 hours 21 minutes 44 seconds of 5727 s-units, 32714 words, and over 4 recordings. hours 26 minutes 59 seconds of record- KCSPS000 ‘None’ KCSPS001 ‘None’ ings. KCSPS002 ‘None’ PS0H7 ‘Katherine’, 57, housewife, European PS1F1 ‘John’, 68, retired (textile worker), Cen- (German), AB, female tral Northern England, C1, male PS125 ‘Patrick’, 56, company secretary, AB, PS1F2 ‘Joan’, 65, retired, Central Northern Eng- male land, C1, female PS126 ‘Stefan’, 25, student, European (German), PS1F3 ‘Ken’, 63, retired, Lancashire, male male PS1F4 ‘Sid’, 65, retired, Lancashire, male KCW 19 conversations recorded by ‘Kath- KCT 29 conversations recorded by ‘June’ leen’ (PS0H8) between 15 and 17 Jan- (PS0FP) between 29 November and 5 uary 1992 with 10 interlocutors, to- December 1991 with 17 interlocutors, talling 4977 s-units, 23839 words (du- totalling 14213 s-units, 97005 words, ration not recorded). and 9 hours 18 minutes 49 seconds of PS0H8 ‘Kathleen’, 15, student (state secondary), recordings. Central Midlands, AB, female PS127 ‘Christine’, 44, teacher, Northern Eng- PS0FP ‘June’, 40, dinner lady (pt), East Anglia, land, AB, female C2, female PS128 ‘Mary’, 13, student (state secondary), PS0FR ‘Jonathan’, 10, student (state primary), Central Midlands, AB, female East Anglia, C2, male PS129 ‘Susan’, 11, student (state secondary), PS0FS ‘Geoffrey’, 40, chargehand, East Anglia, Central Midlands, AB, female C2, male PS12A ‘Jackie’, 37, dinner-lady, Central Mid- PS0FU ‘Wendy’, 30, housewife, East Anglia, fe- lands, female male PS12B ‘Claire’, 11, student, Central Midlands, PS0FX ‘Susan’, 40, dental nurse, East Anglia, female female PS12C ‘Lorna’, 14, student, Central South-west PS0G0 ‘A.’, 76, retired, East Anglia, female England, female PS0G1 ‘L.’, 78, retired, East Anglia, male PS12D ‘Helen’, 14, student, Central South-west PS0G2 ‘Kathleen’, 70, retired, London, female England, female PS0G3 ‘Robert’, 67, retired, London, male PS12E ‘Amanda’, 15, student, Midlands, female PS0G4 ‘Brian’, 50, plumber, London, male PS0G5 ‘Val’, 47, housewife, East Anglia, female KCX 25 conversations recorded by ‘Kath- PS0G7 ‘Sarah’, 23, hairdresser, East Anglia, fe- leen2’ (PS1FC) between 30 January male PS0G8 ‘Val’, 44, shopkeeper, London, female and 7 February 1992 with 9 inter- PS0G9 ‘Katt’, 43, unemployed, London, male locutors, totalling 9024 s-units, 60332 308 12. List of works excerpted

words, and over 6 hours 20 minutes 37 PS0HY ‘Joy’, 70+, retired, London, female seconds of recordings. PS0J0 ‘Michael’, 15, student, London, male PS1KN ‘None’ PS1FC ‘Kathleen’, 37, crossing warden, Central Northern England, C2, female KD1 14 conversations recorded by ‘Larna’ PS1FD ‘Flo’, 54, youth worker, North-east Eng- (PS0JA) between 20 and 24 Febru- land, female PS1FE ‘Maggie’, 42, housewife, London, female ary 1992 with 8 interlocutors, totalling PS1FF ‘None’, 40+, taxi driver, Central Northern 5183 s-units, 40487 words, and 4 hours England, male 52 minutes 21 seconds of recordings. PS1FG ‘Alice’, 40+, smallholder, Central North- PS0JA ‘Larna’, 25, housewife, C2, female ern England, female PS0JB ‘Charlotte’, 4, student (state pre), C2, fe- PS1FH ‘Steve’, 39, electrician, Central Northern male England, C2, male PS0JC ‘Pauline’, 29, housewife, female PS1FJ ‘Krista’, 2, pre-school, Central Northern PS0JD ‘Vicky’, female England, female PS0JE ‘Alex’, 25, secretary, female PS1FK ‘Enid’, 30+Central Northern England, fe- PS0JF ‘Anthony’, 3, pre-school, C2, male male PS0JG ‘David’, 45, lorry driver, male KCY 11 conversations recorded by ‘Keith’ PS0JH ‘Aaron’, 3, male (PS0H9) between 10 and 15 January KD2 22 conversations recorded by ‘Linda’ 1992 with 10 interlocutors, totalling (PS0J1) between 30 January and 2 2501 s-units, 24051 words (duration not February 1992 with 9 interlocutors, to- recorded). talling 3761 s-units, 19822 words (du- PS0H9 ‘Keith’, 36, telecommunication engineer, ration not recorded). Central Midlands, C2, male PS0J1 ‘Linda’, 20, trainee typist, Central North- PS0HA ‘Richard’, 33, telecommunication engi- ern England, C1, female neer, Central Midlands, C2, male PS0J2 ‘Alice’, 60+, retired, Central Northern PS0HB ‘Russell’, 34, bakery worker, Central England, female Midlands, male PS0J3 ‘Dave’, 45, disabled unemployed, Central PS0HC ‘Michael’, 35, engineer, Central Mid- Northern England, DE, male lands, male PS0J4 ‘Ivy’, 51, housewife, Central Northern PS0HD ‘Kathleen’, 42, nurse, Central Midlands, England, DE, female female PS0J5 ‘David’, 21, plasterer, Central Northern PS0HE ‘Terence’, 42, engineer, Central Mid- England, DE, male lands, male PS0J6 ‘Brian’, 25, plasterer, Central Northern PS0HF ‘Joseph’, 72, retired, Central Midlands, England, DE, male male PS0J7 ‘Tracey’, 23, trainee typist, Central North- PS0HG ‘Eileen’, 74, housewife, Central Mid- ern England, C1, female lands, female PS0J8 ‘Peter’, 50, salesman, Central Northern PS0HH ‘Dave’, 45, engineer, North-east Mid- England, male lands, male PS0J9 ‘Margaret’, 45, shop assistant, Central KD0 106 conversations recorded by ‘Kevin’ Northern England, female (PS0HM) between 29 November and 5 KD3 40 conversations recorded by ‘Lisa’ December 1991 with 14 interlocutors, (PS0JJ) between 12 and 20 March 1992 totalling 13948 s-units, 77692 words, with 7 interlocutors, totalling 5991 s- and 10 hours 39 minutes 22 seconds of units, 33516 words, and 6 hours 30 min- recordings. utes 17 seconds of recordings. PS0HM ‘Kevin’, 41, draughtsman, London, C1, PS0JJ ‘Lisa’, 30, housewife, South Midlands, male C2, female PS0HN ‘Paul’, 12, student (state secondary), PS0JK ‘Peter’, 0, pre-school, C2, male London, C1, male PS0JL ‘Melvin’, 29, self-employed panel beater, PS0HP ‘Ruth’, 40, teacher, C1, female C2, male PS0HR ‘Michelle’, 29, local government officer, PS0JP ‘Diane’, 27, housewife, South Midlands, European (French), female female PS0HS ‘Eric’, 74, retired, London, male PS0JR ‘Anne’, 52, maggot farm manager, South PS0HT ‘Adrian’, 40, salesman, London, male Midlands, female PS0HU ‘Karen’, 41, secretary, London, female PS0JS ‘Cheryl’, 27, housewife, female PS0HV ‘Andrew’, 33, local government officer, PS0JT ‘Ben’, 2, pre-school, male London, male KD4 7 conversations recorded by ‘Mar- PS0HW ‘Lisa’, 13, student, London, female PS0HX ‘Babs (aka Mutty)’, 70+, retired, Lower garet’ (PS0JW) between 13 and 14 Jan- South-west England, female uary 1992 with 5 interlocutors, totalling 12. List of works excerpted 309

887 s-units, 7068 words (duration not KD7 24 conversations recorded by ‘Matt’ recorded). (PS0KP) between 20 February and ?? PS0JW ‘Margaret’, 34, teacher (pt), Midlands, March 1992 with 6 interlocutors, to- AB, female PS138 ‘Sheila’, 40+, teacher, Midlands, female talling 3809 s-units, 19206 words (du- PS13A ‘Ben’, 5, student (state primary), Mid- ration not recorded). lands, AB, male PS0KP ‘Matt’, 35, financial advisor, Scottish, PS13B ‘Katie’, 3, student (state pre), Midlands, C1, male AB, female PS0KR ‘Jan’, 35, building society branch assis- PS13C ‘Adrian’, 35, environmental health officer, tant, C1, female Midlands, AB, male PS0KS ‘Matthew’, 13, student (state secondary), KD5 55 conversations recorded by ‘Mark’ C1, male (PS0JX) between [date unknown] and PS0KT ‘Laura’, 10, student (state primary), C1, female 26 February 1992 with 25 interlocutors, PS0KU ‘Christopher’, 7, student (state primary), totalling 9977 s-units, 54036 words, C1, male and over 6 hours 21 minutes 48 seconds PS0KV ‘Christopher’, male of recordings. KD8 31 conversations recorded by ‘Mar- PS0JX ‘Mark’, 27, technician, C1, male tine’ (PS0LK) between 12 and 20 PS0JY ‘Sue’, 27, nurse, C1, female PS0K0 ‘Dad’, 60, retired, male March 1992 with 10 interlocutors, to- PS0K1 ‘Mum’, 50, nurse, European (Dutch), fe- talling 10787 s-units, 76445 words, and male over 7 hours 15 minutes 1 second of PS0K2 ‘Isobel’, 29, secretary, female PS0K3 ‘Derek’, 60+, male recordings. PS0K4 ‘Pauline’, 60+, female PS0LK ‘Martine’, 25, senior technician, Welsh, PS0K5 ‘Spencer’, 30, manager, male C1, female PS0K6 ‘Sally’, 30, teacher, female PS0LL ‘Mike’, 28, construction worker, Welsh, PS0K7 ‘Norman’, 28, technician, male C1, male PS0K8 ‘Bedge’, 26, engineer, male PS0LM ‘Merielle’, 55, housewife, Welsh, female PS0K9 ‘Yun’, 30+, technician, Chinese, male PS0LN ‘None’, 45, pub landlord, Home Coun- PS0KA ‘Ian’, 30+, engineer, male ties, male PS0KB ‘Justin’, 20+, technician, male PS0LP ‘Harold’, 58, engineer, Welsh, male PS0KC ‘John’, 30+, technician, male PS0LR ‘Nora’, 76, housewife, Welsh, female PS0KD ‘Paul’, 20+, technician, male PS0LS ‘Will’, 45, civil engineer, Merseyside, PS0KE ‘Carol’, 28, clerk, female male PS0KF ‘Dave’, 25, technician, male PS0LT ‘Michael’, 40, technical director, Home PS0KG ‘Daphney’, 40+, secretary, female Counties, male PS0KH ‘Collin’, 40+, engineer, male PS0LU ‘Jim’, 27, technician, Home Counties, PS0KJ ‘Andy’, 20+, engineer, Scottish, male male PS0KK ‘Frank’, 40+, manager, European (Ger- man), male KD9 17 conversations recorded by ‘Mark2’ PS0KL ‘Paul’, 30+, technician, male PS0KM ‘George’, 40+, engineer, male (PS1G2) between [date unknown] and ?? April 1992 with 13 interlocutors, to- KD6 19 conversations recorded by ‘Mar- talling 2788 s-units, 12902 words (du- tin’ (PS0KN) between 11 and 16 Jan- ration not recorded). uary 1992 with 8 interlocutors, totalling 4721 s-units, 39227 words (duration not PS1G2 ‘Mark’, 17, unemployed, Irish, C2, male PS1G3 ‘Kerry’, 36, housewife, Irish, C2, female recorded). PS1G4 ‘Angela’, 10, student (state primary), PS0KN ‘Martin’, 17, student, Midlands, DE, Irish, C2, female male PS1G5 ‘Michael’, 12, student (state secondary), PS13K ‘Lynn’, 37, nurse (pt), Midlands, DE, fe- Irish, C2, male male PS1G6 ‘Albert’, 16, barman, Irish, male PS13L ‘Robert’, 3, student (state pre), Midlands, PS1G7 ‘Robert’, 19, ship yard employee, Irish, DE, male male PS13M ‘Dave’, 40, unemployed, Central South- PS1G8 ‘Leigh’, 17, postman, Irish, male west England, DE, male PS1G9 ‘Debbie’, 15, student, Irish, female PS13N ‘Geoff’, 13, student (state secondary), PS1GA ‘Anne’, 16, student, Irish, female Midlands, DE, male PS1GB ‘Jonston’, 37Irish, male PS13P ‘Rich’, 17, student, Midlands, male PS1GC ‘Ormo’, 21Irish, male PS13R ‘Scott’, 19, mechanic, Midlands, male PS1GD ‘Julianne’, 19Irish, female PS13S ‘Sarah’, 20, clerk, Midlands, female PS6TK ‘None’ 310 12. List of works excerpted

KDA 132 conversations recorded by s-units, 2206 words (duration not ‘Mark3’ (PS1GE) between 29 Novem- recorded). ber and ?? December 1991 with 11 PS0KW ‘Murray’, 74, retired (machine opera- tor), Canada, C2, male interlocutors, totalling 8807 s-units, PS0KX ‘Vera’, 70, retired, C2, female 71717 words, and over 11 hours 8 KDE 110 conversations recorded by minutes 38 seconds of recordings. ‘Nicola’ (PS0M4) between 3 and 5 June PS1GE ‘Mark’, 25, aircraft engineer, Home Counties, C2, male 1991 with 5 interlocutors, totalling PS1GF ‘Stuart’, 22, aircraft engineer, Home 4112 s-units, 24488 words, and 3 hours Counties, DE, male 42 minutes 15 seconds of recordings. PS1GG ‘Mick’, 21, aircraft engineer, Home Counties, DE, male PS0M4 ‘Nicola’, 33, housewife, Home Counties, PS1GH ‘Chris’, 21, aircraft engineer, Home C2, female Counties, male PS0M5 ‘Oliver’, 3, student (private pre), London, PS1GJ ‘Karl’, 24, aircraft engineer, Welsh, male C2, male PS1GK ‘Nigel’, 26, aircraft engineer, Home PS13T ‘Bill’, 34, plumber, London, C2, male Counties, male PS13U ‘Linda’, 34, housewife, London, female PS1GL ‘Graham’, 17, trainee aircraft engineer, PS13X ‘Derek’, 63, retired, London, male Home Counties, male KDF 8 conversations recorded by ‘Pamela’ PS1GM ‘Barry’, 42, leading hand aircraft engi- (PS0M6) between 31 January and 4 neer, Home Counties, male PS1GN ‘Mick’, 32, sweeper, Home Counties, February 1992 with 4 interlocutors, to- male talling 349 s-units, 1359 words, and 16 PS1GP ‘Damian’, 21, aircraft engineer, Home Counties, male minutes 59 seconds of recordings. PS0M6 ‘Pamela’, 32, sales assistant, Lancashire, KDB 27 conversations recorded by ‘Mikila’ C2, female (PS0KY) on 28 November 1991 with PS0M7 ‘Margaret’, 58, market researcher, Scot- tish, female 10 interlocutors, totalling 2759 s-units, PS0M8 ‘Marcus’, 1, pre-school, Lancashire, C2, 16597 words, and 1 hour 55 minutes 44 male seconds of recordings. PS0M9 ‘Paul’, 38, bus driver (psv), Lancashire, C2, male PS0KY ‘Mikila’, 17, student, Home Counties, C1, female KDG 18 conversations recorded by ‘Patri- PS0L0 ‘None’ cia’ (PS0MA) between 14 and 16 April PS0L1 ‘None’ PS0L2 ‘None’ 1992 with 10 interlocutors, totalling PS0L3 ‘None’ 2707 s-units, 12125 words (duration not PS0L4 ‘None’ recorded). PS0L5 ‘Kathryn’, 17, student, Home Counties, PS0MA ‘Patricia’, 31, child minder, Irish, C1, female female PS0L6 ‘Tabitha’, 17, student, Home Counties, fe- PS0MB ‘None’ male PS0MC ‘None’ PS0L7 ‘Maggi’, 17, student, Home Counties, fe- PS0MD ‘David’, 28, cleaning supervisor, Irish, male C1, male KDC 5 conversations recorded by ‘Michael’ PS0ME ‘None’ (PS19Y) on 3 February 1992 with 3 in- PS0MF ‘Richard’, 23, shop manager, Irish, male PS0MG ‘None’ terlocutors, totalling 94 s-units, 1062 PS0MH ‘None’ words, and 9 minutes 34 seconds of PS0MJ ‘None’ recordings. KDH 13 conversations recorded by ‘Paul’ PS19Y ‘Michael’, 18, sales person, Lancashire, (PS0MX) between 10 and 16 April C2, male 1992 with 5 interlocutors, totalling PS1A4 ‘Elliot’, 22, inland revenue employee, Central Northern England, male 2264 s-units, 8207 words (duration not PS1A5 ‘Jason’, 17, unemployed, Lancashire, recorded). male PS0MX ‘Paul’, 32, baker, Irish, C2, male PS1A6 ‘Kenny’, 23, scientist, Scottish, male PS0MY ‘Francis’, 12, student (state secondary), KDD 13 conversations recorded by ‘Mur- Irish, C2, male PS0N0 ‘Lemar’, 8, student (state primary), Irish, ray’ (PS0KW) on 21 February 1992 C2, male with 1 interlocutor, totalling 240 PS0N1 ‘Nora’, 32, stitcher, Irish, C2, female 12. List of works excerpted 311

KDJ 6 conversations recorded by ‘Pauline’ talling 17138 s-units, 108739 words, (PS0N3) between 21 and 24 Febru- and over 1 hour 50 minutes 5 seconds ary 1992 with 8 interlocutors, totalling of recordings. 1668 s-units, 16234 words, and over 1 hour 49 minutes 24 seconds of record- PS0PN ‘Raymond’, 57, retired, North-west Mid- ings. lands, C1, male PS0PP ‘Margaret’, 55, retired, London, C1, fe- PS0N3 ‘Pauline’, 26, unemployed, North-east male England, C1, female PS0PR ‘Brian’, 61, technician, North-west Mid- PS0N4 ‘Bob’, 53, sales assistant, Scottish, C1, lands, male male PS0PS ‘Shirley’, 50, housewife, North-west Mid- PS0N5 ‘Tracey’, 26, telephonist, Scottish, female lands, female PS0N6 ‘David’, 2, pre-school, male PS0PT ‘Brian’, 50, photographer, North-west PS0N7 ‘Kathy’, 55, canvasser, South Midlands, Midlands, male female PS0PU ‘Eric’, 54, retired, North-west Midlands, PS0N8 ‘Kay’, 24, canvasser, North-east Mid- male lands, female PS0PV ‘Chris’, 45, housewife, North-west Mid- PS0N9 ‘Bill’, 55, canvasser, Southern (?), male lands, female PS0NA ‘Michelle’North-east Midlands, female PS0PW ‘John’, 46, driver, Merseyside, male KDK 18 conversations recorded by ‘Paul2’ PS0PX ‘Paula’, 70, housewife, London, female PS0PY ‘Gwyneth’, 66, housewife, North-west (PS1H4) between 29 November and 5 Midlands, female December 1991 with 8 interlocutors, to- PS0R0 ‘Bruce’, 35, technician, Merseyside, male talling 556 s-units, 3462 words, and 34 PS0R1 ‘Joan’, 57, tutor, North-west Midlands, female minutes 16 seconds of recordings. PS0R2 ‘Joanna’, 31, upholsterer, Home Coun- KDKPS000 ‘None’ ties, female PS1H4 ‘Paul’, 34, aircraft dispatcher, London, PS0R3 ‘Arthur’, 54, driver, Merseyside, male C1, male PS0R4 ‘Paul’, 36, policeman, North-west Mid- PS1H5 ‘Sarah’, 8, student (state primary), Lon- lands, male don, C1, female PS0R5 ‘Cathy’, 27, laboratory technician, North- PS1H6 ‘Lisa’, 6, student (state primary), London, west Midlands, female C1, female PS0R6 ‘Nik’, 11, boys brigade, Welsh, male PS1H7 ‘Caroline’, 10, student (state primary), PS0R7 ‘Dorothy’, 60, machinist, Welsh, female London, C1, female PS0R8 ‘Laura’, 6, student, North-west Midlands, PS1H8 ‘Pam’, 34, aircraft dispatcher, Scottish, female female PS0R9 ‘Scott’, 5, student, North-west Midlands, PS1H9 ‘Ursula’, 32, aircraft dispatcher, London, male female PS0RA ‘Emily’, 8, student, North-west Mid- PS1HA ‘Sue’, 32, aircraft dispatcher, London, fe- lands, female male PS0RB ‘Carrie’, 31, housewife, North-west Mid- lands, female KDL 30 conversations recorded by ‘Rachel’ PS0RC ‘Ken’, 61, retired, North-west Midlands, (PS0NX) between 30 November and 5 male December 1991 with 7 interlocutors, to- PS0RD ‘Norman’, 61, joiner, North-west Mid- lands, male talling 1445 s-units, 8658 words, and 1 PS0RE ‘Molly’, 37, housewife, North-west Mid- hour 34 minutes 25 seconds of record- lands, female ings. PS0RF ‘John’, 60, schoolmaster, North-west Midlands, male PS0NX ‘Rachel’, 16, student (private secondary), PS0RG ‘George’, 45, tutor, Central Midlands, London, AB, female male PS0NY ‘Barbara’, 65, retired, Upper South-west PS0RH ‘Nanette’, 43, housewife, European England, female (Dutch), female PS0P0 ‘Jenny’, 44, doctor, Upper South-west PS0RJ ‘Victoria’, 37, housewife, United States, England, AB, female female PS0P1 ‘None’ PS0RK ‘Arthur’, 61, storeman, South Midlands, PS0P3 ‘None’, 48, shop assistant, London, fe- male male PS0RL ‘Glyn’, 40, auction worker, Welsh, male PS0P4 ‘None’, 35, shop assistant, London, fe- PS0RM ‘Hughes’, 63, chemist, Central Mid- male lands, male KDM 103 conversations recorded by ‘Ray- PS0RN ‘Hayley’, 27, chemist, North-west Mid- lands, female mond’ (PS0PN) between 13 and 19 PS0RP ‘Hilary’, 62, housewife, North-west Mid- March 1992 with 46 interlocutors, to- lands, female 312 12. List of works excerpted

PS0RR ‘Phyllis’, 42, secretary, North-west Mid- KDS 14 conversations recorded by ‘Rose- lands, female mary’ (PS0NR) between 14 and 16 PS0RS ‘Louise’, 22, typist, North-west Mid- lands, female April 1991 with 6 interlocutors, to- PS0RT ‘Tim’, 61, dentist, North-west Midlands, talling 2252 s-units, 14407 words (du- male ration not recorded). PS0RU ‘Ted’, 62, retired, Merseyside, male PS0RV ‘Pat’, 57, housewife, London, female PS0NR ‘Rosemary’, 81, retired, London, DE, fe- PS0RW ‘Mike’, 48, restorer, North-west Mid- male lands, male PS0NS ‘Eileen’, 40+, retired, Irish, female PS0RX ‘Tony’, 27, remover, Merseyside, male PS0NT ‘Joan’, 42Lower South-west England, fe- PS0RY ‘Alice’, 64, housewife, North-west Mid- male lands, female PS0NU ‘John’, 68, retired (building trade fore- PS0S0 ‘Brian’, 45, salesman, North-west Mid- man), Irish, DE, male lands, male PS0NV ‘John’, 13, student, Irish, male PS0S1 ‘Mary’, 61, housewife, North-west Mid- PS0NW ‘Anne’, 47Irish, female lands, female KDT 3 conversations recorded by ‘Robert’ PS0S2 ‘Teresa’, 42, housewife, North-west Mid- lands, female (PS1CE) between 2 and 6 April 1992 KDN 90 conversations recorded by ‘Ray- with 4 interlocutors, totalling 419 s- mond2’ (PS1HH) between 15 and 17 units, 3098 words, and 1 hour 4 minutes April 1992 with 10 interlocutors, to- 47 seconds of recordings. KDTPS000 ‘None’ talling 7019 s-units, 43638 words, and PS1CE ‘Robert’, 34, self employed general con- over 41 minutes 46 seconds of record- tractor, Central Northern England, C2, ings. male PS1CF ‘Ellen’, 32, office manager, Central PS1HH ‘Raymond’, 53, unemployed, Irish, DE, Northern England, C2, female male PS1CG ‘Graham’, 33, gardener, Central North- PS1HJ ‘Jean’, 45, housewife, Irish, DE, female ern England, male PS1HK ‘Kylie’, 3, pre-school, Irish, female PS1HL ‘Paul’, 34, window cleaner, Irish, male KDU 18 conversations recorded by ‘Sam’ PS1HM ‘Mary’, 43, shop assistant, Irish, female (PS0S3) between 15 and 21 April 1992 PS1HN ‘Kelly Ann’, 10, student, Irish, female PS1HP ‘Stephen’, 11, student, Irish, male with 7 interlocutors, totalling 793 s- PS1HR ‘John’, 39, painter, Irish, male units, 8038 words, and over 8 minutes PS1HS ‘Raymond’, 20, painter, Irish, DE, male 2 seconds of recordings. KDP 70 conversations recorded by PS0S3 ‘Sam’, 58, company director, Irish, AB, ‘Richard’ (PS0NB) between 17 and 18 male PS0S4 ‘George’, 56, clerk, Irish, male May 1991 with 9 interlocutors, totalling PS0S5 ‘Betty’, 60Irish, female 3210 s-units, 17061 words, and 3 hours PS0S6 ‘Diana’, 51, housewife, Irish, AB, female 18 minutes 13 seconds of recordings. PS0S8 ‘Shirley’, 26, bank official, Irish, AB, fe- male PS0NB ‘Richard’, 31, catering manager, Central PS0S9 ‘Bill’, 61, retired, Irish, male Northern England, C1, male PS0SA ‘Margaret’, 55, typist (pt), Irish, female PS0NC ‘None’ PS0ND ‘None’ KDV 20 conversations recorded by ‘San- PS0NE ‘None’ dra’ (PS0SB) between 10 and 17 Jan- PS0NF ‘None’ PS0NG ‘None’ uary 1992 with 9 interlocutors, totalling PS0NH ‘None’ 5457 s-units, 27333 words, and 3 hours PS0NJ ‘None’ 31 minutes 40 seconds of recordings. PS0NK ‘None’ PS0SB ‘Sandra’, 38, ancillary nurse, Central KDR 4 conversations recorded by Midlands, C1, female ‘Richard3’ (PS1K9) between 2 and PS0SC ‘Kyle’, 9, student (state primary), Central Midlands, C1, male 9 April 1992 with 2 interlocutors, PS0SD ‘Margaret’, 55, ancillary nurse, Central totalling 1987 s-units, 13827 words, Midlands, female and 2 hours 7 minutes 21 seconds of PS0SE ‘Penny’, 10+, student, Central Midlands, female recordings. PS0SF ‘R.’, 50+, headmistress, Central Mid- PS1K9 ‘Richard’, 49, lecturer, AB, male lands, female PS1KA ‘Jan’, 38, teacher, North-west Midlands, PS0SG ‘Tony’, 44, engineer, Central Midlands, AB, female C1, male 12. List of works excerpted 313

PS0SH ‘Deanne’, 19, student, Central Midlands, PS594 ‘John’, 19, warehouseman, North-east C1, female England, male PS0SJ ‘Pat’, 55, wages clerk, Central Midlands, PS595 ‘Gary’, 16, security guard, North-east female England, male PS0SK ‘Wally’, 67, driver, Central Midlands, PS596 ‘Bridget’unemployed, Northern England, male female PS597 ‘Alan’unemployed, Northern England, KDW 27 conversations recorded by ‘San- male dra2’ (PS1C1) between 9 and 16 Jan- PS598 ‘Margaret’sales assistant, North-east Eng- uary 1992 with 25 interlocutors, to- land, female PS599 ‘Pat’sales assistant, North-east England, talling 8669 s-units, 58393 words (du- female ration not recorded). PS59A ‘Gary’sales rep, North-east England, male PS1C1 ‘Sandra’, 41, student, Lancashire, DE, fe- PS6TN ‘None’ male KDY 18 conversations recorded by ‘Sidney’ PS1C2 ‘June’, 58, housewife, North-west Mid- lands, female (PS0SV) [dates unknown] with 8 inter- PS1C3 ‘Mary’, 62, housewife, North-west Mid- locutors, totalling 1829 s-units, 13318 lands, female PS1C4 ‘Pat’, 53, housewife, North-west Mid- words, and over 53 minutes 3 seconds lands, female of recordings. PS1C5 ‘Louis’, 60, housewife, North-west Mid- PS0SV ‘Sidney’, 66, retired, London, C1, male lands, female PS140 ‘Ethel’London, female PS1C6 ‘Marg’, 43, housewife, North-west Mid- PS141 ‘Sheila’, 67, housewife, London, C1, fe- lands, female male PS1J2 ‘None’ PS142 ‘Ralph’London, male PS1J3 ‘None’ PS143 ‘Edith’London, female PS1J4 ‘None’ PS144 ‘David’shop assistant, London, male PS1J5 ‘None’ PS145 ‘Irene’shop assistant, London, female PS1J6 ‘None’ PS146 ‘Elvia’shop assistant, London, female PS1J7 ‘None’ PS1J8 ‘None’ KE0 17 conversations recorded by ‘Sim- PS1J9 ‘None’ PS1JA ‘None’ mone’ (PS0SW) between 20 and 27 PS1JC ‘None’ February 1992 with 9 interlocutors, to- PS1JD ‘None’ talling 5150 s-units, 26574 words, and PS1JE ‘None’ PS1JG ‘Alex’, 7, student, North-west Midlands, over 2 hours 15 minutes 23 seconds of male recordings. PS1JH ‘Simon’, 9, student, North-west Mid- PS0SW ‘Simmone’, 15, student, Central South- lands, male west England, C1, female PS1JJ ‘Garry’, 40, teacher, North-west Mid- PS0SX ‘None’ lands, male PS0SY ‘None’ PS1JK ‘None’ PS0T0 ‘None’ PS1JN ‘None’ PS0T1 ‘None’ PS1JP ‘None’ PS0T2 ‘None’ PS6TL ‘None’ PS0T3 ‘None’ KDX 8 conversations recorded by ‘Sharon’ PS0T4 ‘None’ (PS1CH) on 2 April 1992 with 14 in- PS0T5 ‘None’ terlocutors, totalling 1124 s-units, 6335 KE1 26 conversations recorded by words, and over 2 minutes 35 seconds ‘Stephen’ (PS0TU) between 10 and of recordings. 16 April 1992 with 9 interlocutors, PS1CH ‘Sharon’, 18, sales assistant, North-east totalling 3949 s-units, 19903 words England, C2, female (duration not recorded). PS1CJ ‘Elsa’, 45, housewife, North-east Eng- land, C2, female PS0TU ‘Stephen’, 17, student, Irish, AB, male PS1CK ‘John’, 22, butcher and baker, North-east PS0TV ‘None’Irish England, C2, male PS0TW ‘None’Irish PS1CL ‘Tommy’, 49, unemployed, North-east PS0TX ‘None’Irish England, C2, male PS0TY ‘None’Irish PS1CM ‘Jimmy’, 30, electrician, North-east PS0U0 ‘None’Irish England, male PS0U1 ‘None’Irish PS593 ‘Darren’, 21, machinist, North-east Eng- PS0U2 ‘None’Irish land, male PS0U3 ‘Paul’, 30, shopkeeper, Irish, male 314 12. List of works excerpted

KE2 153 conversations recorded by ‘Ter- PS0WT ‘Dawn’, 11, student, Scottish, female ence’ (PS0W2) between 20 and 27 PS0WU ‘None’, 40+, dentist, Scottish, female PS0WW ‘None’, 50+, telephone engineer, Scot- February 1992 with 10 interlocutors, tish, male totalling 10080 s-units, 77961 words, PS0WX ‘Dougie’, 37, sales representative, Scot- and over 12 hours 49 minutes 22 sec- tish, male onds of recordings. KE5 4 conversations recorded by ‘Wayne’ PS0W2 ‘Terence’, 70, retired (headteacher), East (PS0X2) between 20 and 22 Febru- Anglia, AB, male ary 1992 with 6 interlocutors, totalling PS0W3 ‘Richard’, 44, fireman, Lower South- west England, male 575 s-units, 4800 words (duration not PS0W4 ‘Margaret’, 70, retired, Irish, AB, female recorded). PS0W5 ‘Lucy’, 13, student, Lower South-west PS0X2 ‘Wayne’, 20, unemployed, Central South- England, female west England, DE, male PS0W6 ‘Holly’, 13, student, Lower South-west PS0X3 ‘Michael’, 47, factory operative, Central England, female South-west England, DE, male PS0W7 ‘Adrian’, 13, student, Lower South-west PS0X4 ‘Brenda’, 49, factory operative, Central England, male South-west England, DE, female PS0W8 ‘Danielle’, 13, student, Lower South- PS0X5 ‘Martin’, 22, forklift truck driver, Central west England, female South-west England, male PS0W9 ‘Christine’, 40, housewife, Lower South- PS0X6 ‘Gary’, 24, factory worker, Central South- west England, female west England, male PS0WA ‘Mima’, 50, housewife, Lower South- PS0X7 ‘Sam’, 17, student, Central South-west west England, female England, female KE3 150 conversations recorded by ‘Tony’ KE6 59 conversations recorded by ‘Wendy’ (PS0V4) between 28 November and 5 (PS0X8) between 21 and 28 Febru- December 1991 with 9 interlocutors, ary 1992 with 8 interlocutors, totalling totalling 9314 s-units, 62395 words, 10803 s-units, 70883 words, and 10 and 9 hours 36 minutes 58 seconds of hours 46 minutes 58 seconds of record- recordings. ings. PS0V4 ‘Tony’, 37, civil service, Central South- west England, C1, male PS0X8 ‘Wendy’, 54, machine minder, Central PS0V5 ‘Jackie’, 35, civil servant (pt), Central South-west England, C2, female South-west England, C1, female PS0X9 ‘Bev’, 25, unemployed, Central South- PS0V6 ‘Christine’, 11, student (state secondary), west England, C2, female Central South-west England, C1, female PS0XA ‘Michael’, 55, production engineer, Cen- PS0V7 ‘Rene’, 60+, retired, Central South-west tral South-west England, C2, male England, female PS0XB ‘Beth’, 30, office worker, Scottish, fe- PS0V8 ‘Mum’, 59, shop assistant, Central South- male west England, female PS0XC ‘Jill’, 40, office worker, Central South- PS0V9 ‘Vicky’, 29, sales assistant, Central west England, female South-west England, female PS0XD ‘Sandra’, 45, machine minder, Home PS0VA ‘Dot’, 40, civil servant, Central South- Counties, female west England, female PS0XE ‘Doreen’, 62, machine minder, London, PS0VB ‘Martin’, 37, civil servant, Central South- female west England, male PS0XG ‘Dee’, 49, packer, Central South-west PS0VC ‘Margaret’, 50, civil servant, Central England, female Northern England, female KEB Walsall Local Studies Centre: inter- KE4 22 conversations recorded by ‘Valerie’ view. (PS0WN) between 30 January and ?? PS6MY ‘Joyce’, AB, female ?? 1992 with 7 interlocutors, totalling PS6N0 retired, DE, male 3280 s-units, 15170 words, and 1 hour Sample containing about 6466 words 55 minutes 21 seconds of recordings. speech recorded in leisure context PS0WN ‘Valerie’, 36, staff nurse (pt), Scottish, KGH BBC Radio Nottingham: radio broad- C1, female PS0WP ‘Peter’, 34, sales representative, Scot- cast. tish, C1, male PS388 ‘Geoff’, radio presenter, AB, male PS0WR ‘Jackie’, 8, student (state primary), Scot- PS389 ‘Sue’, Phone-in caller, DE, female tish, C1, female PS38A ‘Teresa’, weather forecaster, DE, female PS0WS ‘David’, 10, student (state primary), PS38B 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for Kids’ Scottish, C1, male County quiz, male 12. List of works excerpted 315

PS38C 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for Kids’ KGS Team Focus - training course (TNT Ex- County quiz, male press Ltd). PS38D 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for Kids’ PS4NU 58, ‘P. Finister’, trainer, male County quiz, male PS4NV 30, ‘S. Whitworth’, manager, female PS38E 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for Kids’ PS4NW 30, ‘M. Bonner’, telesales person, fe- County quiz, male male PS38F 10+, schoolchild, Giving clue for Kids’ PS4NX 30, ‘M. Brome’, sales executive, male County quiz, male PS4NY 50, ‘J. Hartley’, sales executive, male PS38G ‘Trudy’, Quiz phone-in caller, female PS4P0 30, ‘J. Walton’, telesales person, female Sample containing about 15814 words PS4P1 30, ‘L. Birbeck’, telesales person, female speech recorded in leisure context PS4P2 50, ‘D. Inman’, telesales person, male PS4P3 30, ‘M. Dighton’, sales executive, male KGK BAIE Scotland: radio broadcast. Sample containing about 9330 words PS45G 52, no further information given, male PS45H 47, bnc project administrator, no further speech recorded in business context information given, male KGT Team Focus - training course (TNT PS45J 32, editor, no further information given, Express Ltd). female KGKPS000 PS4P8 23, ‘Justin’, sales executive, male PS4P9 20+, sales executive, female Sample containing about 11774 words PS4PA 30, ‘B. Singh’, sales executive, male speech recorded in business context PS4PB 20+, ‘J. Worrow’, sales executive, male PS4PC 40+, ‘J. Gibson’, sales executive, female KGL Abbey Life training session: employee PS4PD 18, ‘J. Fowles’, sales executive, female training. PS4PE 30+, ‘P. Summers’, sales executive, fe- male PS4C2 47, ‘Peter’, male PS4PF 20+, ‘P. Ford’, sales executive, male Sample containing about 9572 words PS4PG 30+, ‘A. Bond’, sales executive, male speech recorded in business context Sample containing about 7368 words KGM Leicestershire County Council: de- speech recorded in business context bate. KGU Team Focus - training course (TNT PS4DA ‘Beale’, this is a vote where most people Express Ltd). say only ’for’ or’against’, therefore they are PS4PN 23, ‘Justin’, sales executive, male not listed , male PS4PP 20+, sales executive, female KGMPS000 PS4PR 30, ‘B. Singh’, sales executive, male KGMPS001 PS4PS 20+, ‘J. Worrow’, sales executive, male KGMPS002 PS4PT 40+, ‘J. Gibson’, sales executive, female KGMPS003 PS4PU 18, ‘J. Fowles’, sales executive, female KGMPS004 PS4PV 30+, ‘P. Summers’, sales executive, fe- KGMPS005 male KGMPS006 PS4PW 20+, ‘P. Ford’, sales executive, male KGMPS007 PS4PX 30+, ‘A. Bond’, sales executive, male Sample containing about 16159 words Sample containing about 16990 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in business context KGN Student seminar on Hunan report. KGV St Dominic’s: lesson. PS46J , male PS4S0 teacher, no further information given, male Sample containing about 16876 words PS4S4 ‘Richard’, student, male speech recorded in educational context PS4S5 ‘David’, student, male KGP Black sheep of the family: seminar. PS4S6 ‘Margaret’, student, female PS4S7 ‘Brian’, student, male PS48T 60, ‘Joyce’, student, female PS4S8 ‘Catherine’, student, female PS48Y 50, ‘Jan’, student, female Sample containing about 1735 words Sample containing about 9483 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context KGW Lecture on child sex abuse. KGR Adult education seminar: Justice for PS4SD 31, ‘Brown’, lecturer, male all. Sample containing about 18451 words PS4DV ‘Frank’, tutor, male speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 12112 words KGX St Luke’s School Council meeting. speech recorded in educational context PS4TF ‘Hilliard’, councillor, male 316 12. List of works excerpted

PS4TG head of council, male KLF Albert Gunter: sermon. Sample PS4TH ‘Evans’, councillor, male containing about 4661 words speech PS4TJ ‘Howarth’, councillor, male recorded in public context Sample containing about 12269 words KLG Tutorial lesson: BTEC engineering tu- speech recorded in public context toring session. KJS Call Nick Ross - radio phone-in debat- PS1SD 50, ‘John’, tutor, male ing programme: live broadcast. PS1SE 18, ‘Graham’, student, male KJSPS000 Sample containing about 13330 words KJSPS001 speech recorded in educational context KJSPS002 KJSPS003 KLH Talk about railways around Southwell. KJSPS004 PS6MX 60, ‘Gerry’, male KJSPS005 Sample containing about 10841 words KJSPS006 KJSPS007 speech recorded in public context KJSPS008 KLS Harlow Women’s Institute committee KJSPS009 meeting. KJSPS00A KJSPS00B PS6MC ‘Rose’, AB, female KJSPS00C PS6MD ‘Margaret’, DE KJSPS00D PS6ME ‘Joan’, DE KJSPS00E PS6MF ‘Elsie’ KJSPS00F PS6MG ‘Janet’ KJSPS00G PS6MH ‘Masie’ PS6MJ ‘Edna’ Sample containing about 9645 words PS6MK ‘Amy’ speech recorded in leisure context PS6ML ‘Gwen’ KJT Test Match special: England v Sri Sample containing about 13112 words Lanka: live broadcast. speech recorded in public context KJTPS000 KLT Teachers’ conference: creative arts KJTPS001 group. KJTPS002 PS1LM 46, ‘Andrew’, teacher, male PS1LN 40+, ‘Anne’, teacher, female Sample containing about 8030 words PS1LP 40+, ‘Milvia’, teacher, female speech recorded in leisure context PS1LR 40+, teacher, male KJU Albert Gunter: sermon. Sample Sample containing about 5374 words containing about 5359 words speech speech recorded in educational context recorded in public context KLV General Portfolio management meet- KJV Albert Gunter: sermon. Sample ing. containing about 5662 words speech PS3SF 40+, ‘Mike Age // First Language // Di’, recorded in public context group manager, male PS3SG 45+, ‘Robert’, team manager, male KLD Scottish Women: discussion about PS3SH 35+, ‘Jackie’, team manager, female caring. PS3SJ 50+, ‘Steve’, team manager, male PS3SK 45+, ‘Sheila’, team manager, female KLDPS000 PS3SL 45+, ‘Phil’, team manager, male KLDPS001 PS3SM 45+, ‘Ian’, team manager, male KLDPS002 PS3SN 45+, personal assistant, female KLDPS003 KLDPS004 Sample containing about 15947 words KLDPS005 speech recorded in business context KLDPS006 KLDPS007 KLW Word-processing tutorial. KLDPS008 PS3TF 50, ‘John’, tutor, male PS3TG 10, ‘Kelly’, student, female Sample containing about 4763 words PS3TH 10, ‘Claire’, student, female speech recorded in leisure context Sample containing about 14553 words KLE Albert Gunter: sermon. Sample speech recorded in educational context containing about 4266 words speech KLX Careers service meeting. recorded in public context PS21K ‘Sue’, careers advisor, female 12. List of works excerpted 317

PS21L ‘Bill’, careers advisor, male KM3 BBC Radio Nottingham daytime PS21M ‘Sylvia’, careers advisor, female phone-in: radio broadcast. PS21N ‘Kevin’, careers advisor, male PS312 ‘Geoff’, radio presenter, male PS21P ‘Cath’, careers advisor, female PS313 14+, ‘Lesley’, Phone-in caller, female PS21R ‘Diane’, careers advisor, female PS314 ‘Sue’, Phone-in caller, female Sample containing about 10307 words PS315 ‘June’, Phone-in caller, female speech recorded in business context PS316 ‘Sharron’, Phone-in caller, female PS317 ‘Annie Smith’, reporter, female KLY Trade Union Annual Congress. PS318 ‘Alison Ford’, newsreader, female PS2HY ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS319 ‘Nigel Bell’, reporter, male PS2J0 ‘Mick’, trade unionist, male PS31A ‘Ray Hilton’, union branch leader, male PS2J1 ‘Duncan’, trade unionist, male PS2J2 ‘John’, trade unionist, male Sample containing about 11809 words PS2J3 ‘Sally’, trade unionist, female speech recorded in leisure context PS2J4 ‘Frank’, trade unionist, male KM4 British Market Research Bureau PS2J5 ‘Avril’, trade unionist, female PS2J6 ‘William’, trade unionist, male monthly meeting. PS2J7 ‘Paul’, trade unionist, male PS3TP ‘John’, managing director, male PS3TR ‘Stella’, director, female Sample containing about 13768 words PS3TS ‘John’, departmental chairman, male speech recorded in business context PS3TT ‘Richard’, administrator, male KM0 Trade Union Annual Congress. PS3TU ‘Alan’, director, male PS3TV ‘Rita’, director, female PS2L2 ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS3TX ‘Elizabeth’, personnel director, female PS2L3 ‘Tom’, trade unionist, male PS2L4 ‘Nigel’, trade unionist, male Sample containing about 18325 words PS2L5 ‘Theresa’, trade unionist, female speech recorded in business context PS2L6 ‘Maureen’, trade unionist, female PS2L7 ‘Kevin’, trade unionist, male KM5 Abbey Life training session: employee PS2L8 ‘Sheila’, trade unionist, female training. PS2L9 ‘Dorothy’, trade unionist, female PS4BW 25, ‘Conan’, salesman, male PS2LA ‘Joanne’, trade unionist, female PS4BX 32, ‘Karen’, salesperson, female Sample containing about 12853 words PS4BY 53, ‘Bob’, salesman, male PS4C0 47, ‘Peter’, male speech recorded in business context KM5PS000 KM1 Trade Union Annual Congress. Sample containing about 12679 words PS2LJ ‘Dick’, president of trade union, male PS2LK ‘John’, trade unionist, male speech recorded in business context PS2LL ‘Denise’, trade unionist, female KM6 Bristol University history department: PS2LM ‘Chris’, trade unionist, male employee training. PS2LN ‘Duncan’, secretary of trades council, male PS46L no further information given PS2LP ‘Mike’, trade unionist, male Sample containing about 14440 words PS2LR ‘Ron’, trade unionist, male PS2LS ‘ED’, trade unionist, male speech recorded in educational context PS2LT ‘John’, trade unionist, male KM7 EIP meeting at Strensall Village Hall, Sample containing about 12143 words day 7, afternoon session: public county speech recorded in business context council planning meeting. KM2 Dennis McCarthy Show: radio broad- PS3YY 50+, ‘Mr E Barnett’, department of the environment adjudicator, male cast. PS400 40+, ‘Mr David P Lock’, solicitor, from PS30C 30+, ‘Rob Tomlinson’, newsreader, male David Lock Associates, male PS30D 30+, ‘David White’, director of social ser- PS401 40+, ‘Miss D Whittaker’, department of vices, male the environment senior inspector, female PS30E ‘Mallory Gelder’, reporter PS402 40+, ‘Mr D Potter’, legal representative, PS30F head of un operations in bosnia, male for North Yorkshire County Council, male PS30G 50+, ‘Dennis Mccarthy’, radio presenter, PS403 30+, ‘Mr D Allenby’, legal representative, male for Harrogate Borough Council, male PS30H 40+, ‘Ken’, Phone-in caller, male PS404 50+, ‘Mr Terry Heselton’, legal represen- PS30J 40+, ‘Angela’, Phone-in caller, female tative, for Selby District Council, male PS30K ‘John’, Phone-in caller, male PS405 35+, ‘Mr Les J Saunders’, legal represen- PS30L 40+, ‘John’, Phone-in caller, male tative, for the Department of the Environ- ment, male Sample containing about 13855 words PS406 45+, ‘Mr F Broughton’, legal representa- speech recorded in leisure context tive, for the Ministry of Agriculture, male 318 12. List of works excerpted

PS407 45+, ‘Mr P Earle’, legal representative, for PS1RH ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, male Richmondshire District Council, male Sample containing about 5452 words Sample containing about 16930 words speech recorded in public context speech recorded in public context KN9 Albert Gunter: sermon. KM8 Halam Parish Council meeting. PS1RJ ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, male PS6SW 60+, ‘E Bust’, Chairperson, male Sample containing about 4863 words PS6SX 30+, ‘P Rickett’, Secretary/clerk, male PS6SY 55+, ‘Glynis Herbert’, female speech recorded in public context PS6T0 55+, ‘R Brown’, male KNA Albert Gunter: sermon. PS6T1 60+, ‘T Hallam’, male PS1RK ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, male PS6T2 55+, ‘H Rickett’, male PS6T3 65+, ‘D Kemp’, male Sample containing about 4031 words PS6T4 30+, ‘S Bust’, male speech recorded in public context PS6T5 51, ‘John Rose’, retired music teacher, Recording the meeting., male KNB Albert Gunter: sermon. Sample containing about 11407 words PS1RL ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 3582 words KN1 Royal Courts: hearing. speech recorded in public context PS4KB judge, no further information given, male KNC Guppy’s Enterprise Club - (invited KN1PS000 speaker): lecture/seminar. KN1PS001 PS6LY 50, ‘Neal’, removal man, AB, male KN1PS002 KN1PS003 Sample containing about 20576 words Sample containing about 6708 words speech recorded in leisure context speech recorded in public context KND Maths tutorial. PS6M0 50, ‘Malcolm’, tutor, male KN2 BBC Radio Nottingham: radio broad- PS6M1 15, student, female cast. Sample containing about 4423 words PS37G ‘Martin Fisher’, radio presenter, male PS37H football commentator, male speech recorded in educational context PS37J ‘Mick Walker’, football manager, male KNE Maths tutorial. PS37K ‘Colin Slater’, football commentator, PS6M2 50, ‘Malcolm’, tutor, male male PS6M3 15, student, female PS37L football commentator, male PS37M football commentator, male Sample containing about 5634 words PS37N ‘Roy Bailey’, football club chairman, speech recorded in educational context male PS37P football commentator, male KNF Talk by WPC. PS37R football commentator, male PS26H ‘Ted’, Main speaker, male PS26J Sample containing about 15005 words PS26K ‘Heather’, female speech recorded in leisure context PS6SV KN3 Suffolk County Council Highways and KNFPS000 Transport Committee meeting. Sample containing about 10320 words PS3SD 40, ‘Guy’, councillor, AB, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 19356 words KNG Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS6M4 general practitioner, male PS6M5 KN6 Albert Gunter: sermon. Sample containing about 568 words PS6SU ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, AB, male speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 6359 words KNH Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS6M6 general practitioner, male KN7 Albert Gunter: sermon. PS6M7 PS1RG ‘Albert Gunter’, minister, male Sample containing about 520 words KN7PS000 speech recorded in public context Sample containing about 6868 words KNJ Medical consultation. speech recorded in public context PS6M8 general practitioner, male KN8 Albert Gunter: sermon. PS6M9 12. List of works excerpted 319

Sample containing about 402 words KNW 3 conversations recorded by ‘727’ speech recorded in public context (PS4YL) [dates unknown] with 4 in- KNK Medical consultation. terlocutors, totalling 117 s-units, 1120 PS6MA general practitioner, male words (duration not recorded). PS6MB PS4YL ‘None’student, C1 Sample containing about 460 words PS4YM ‘Richard’, 50, teacher, male PS4YN ‘Kanti’, 48, civil servant, C1, male speech recorded in public context PS4YP ‘Shashain’, 8, student, C1, male KNR 3 conversations recorded by ‘206’ KNY 9 conversations recorded by ‘Alex’ (PS4XN) [dates unknown] with 5 in- (PS4YX) between [date unknown] and terlocutors, totalling 455 s-units, 2979 ?? ?? 1993 with 7 interlocutors, to- words (duration not recorded). talling 2413 s-units, 13924 words, and PS4XP ‘Rachel’, 19, student, Merseyside, female PS4XR ‘Jill’, 21, student, East Anglia, female over 56 minutes 54 seconds of record- PS4XS ‘Sarah’, 19, student, Lower South-west ings. England, C2, female KNYPS000 ‘None’ PS4XT ‘Lee’, 23, student, Lower South-west PS4YX ‘Alex’, 14, student, London, AB, male England, male PS4YY ‘Marc’, 14, student, London, male KNS 5 conversations recorded by ‘712’ PS500 ‘Daniel’, 14, student, male PS501 ‘Emma’, 13, student, London, female (PS4XU) [dates unknown] with 5 in- PS6U5 ‘None’ terlocutors, totalling 518 s-units, 4933 PS6U6 ‘None’ words, and over 8 minutes 37 seconds KP0 8 conversations recorded by ‘Alistair’ of recordings. (PS50D) [dates unknown] with 6 inter- PS4XU ‘None’student, C1, male locutors, totalling 1081 s-units, 7387 PS4XV ‘Barry’, 14, student, male PS5AP ‘None’ words (duration not recorded). PS5AR ‘None’ PS50D ‘Alistair’, 15, student, AB, male PS5AS ‘None’ PS50E ‘James’, 15, student, male PS50F ‘Jimmy’, 15, student, male KNT 2 conversations recorded by ‘715’ PS50G ‘Rupert’, 16, student, male (PS4XW) [dates unknown] with 4 in- PS50J ‘Ben’, 15, student, male terlocutors, totalling 44 s-units, 291 KP1 28 conversations recorded by ‘Arthur2’ words, and 2 minutes 31 seconds of (PS50T) between 27 February and 2 recordings. March 1992 with 7 interlocutors, to- KNTPS000 ‘None’ talling 9863 s-units, 66500 words (du- PS4XW ‘None’, 13, student, C1, male PS4XX ‘Sarah’, 13, student, female ration not recorded). PS50T ‘Arthur’, 44, teacher, Merseyside, C1, KNU 1 conversation recorded by ‘716’ male (PS4Y1) [dates unknown] with 2 inter- PS50U ‘A.’, 70, housewife, North-west Mid- locutors, totalling 11 s-units, 65 words, lands, female PS50V ‘Paula’, 43, teacher, North-west Mid- and 1 minute 22 seconds of recordings. lands, C1, female PS4Y1 ‘None’, 13, student, AB PS50W ‘Anthony’, 16, student, Northern Eng- PS4Y2 ‘Mother’, 32, lawyer, AB, female land, C1, male KNV 12 conversations recorded by ‘717’ PS50X ‘Paul’, 14, student, Northern England, C1, male (PS4Y3) [dates unknown] with 9 inter- PS50Y ‘Philip’, 35North-west Midlands, male locutors, totalling 1244 s-units, 7356 PS510 ‘John’, 72, retired (engineer), North-west words, and over 1 hour 49 minutes 18 Midlands, male seconds of recordings. KP2 11 conversations recorded by ‘Carla’ KNVPS000 ‘None’ (PS513) [dates unknown] with 8 inter- PS4Y3 ‘None’student, C2, male locutors, totalling 1078 s-units, 8570 PS4Y4 ‘Julian’, 48, teacher, male PS4Y5 ‘Marc’, 12, student, male words, and 1 hour 23 minutes 38 sec- PS4Y6 ‘Abbey’, 13, student, male onds of recordings. PS4Y7 ‘Ado’, 16, teacher (pt), C2, female PS513 ‘Carla’student, AB, female PS4Y8 ‘Dinah’, 41, secretary, C2, female PS514 ‘Papya’, 13, student, female PS4Y9 ‘Selassie’, 11, student, C2, male PS515 ‘Gabriel’teacher, female 320 12. List of works excerpted

PS516 ‘Flit’, 13, student, female PS52J ‘Duncan’, 16, student, London, male PS517 ‘Jones’teacher, male PS52K ‘Father’artist, London, AB, male PS518 ‘Marsha’, 13, student, female PS52L ‘Mother’artist, London, AB, female PS519 ‘Sarah’, 13, student, female KP7 4 conversations recorded by ‘Chris3’ KP3 17 conversations recorded by ‘Caro- (PS52N) on 3 April 1992 with 9 in- line’ (PS51F) on ?? ?? 1993 with terlocutors, totalling 374 s-units, 1806 9 interlocutors, totalling 2901 s-units, words, and over 17 minutes 36 seconds 17457 words, and over 2 hours 22 min- of recordings. utes 47 seconds of recordings. PS52N ‘Chris’, 35, builder, Northern England, KP3PS000 ‘None’ C2, male PS51F ‘Caroline’, 14, student, London, C1, fe- PS52P ‘Rob’, 40, builder, North-east England, male male PS51G ‘Lyne’, 14, student, London, female PS52R ‘Scon’, 45, builder, North-east England, PS51H ‘Derick’, 14, student, London, male male PS51J ‘Therly’teacher, male PS52S ‘Mick’, 22, builder, North-east England, PS51K ‘Luch’, 14, student, London, female male PS51L ‘Moore’teacher, male PS6P8 ‘Louise’, 27, computer operator, Northern PS51M ‘Richardson’teacher, London, male England, C2, female PS6U7 ‘None’ PS6P9 ‘Rosie’, 36, child minder, North-east Eng- KP4 17 conversations recorded by ‘Cassie’ land, female PS6PA ‘Phil’, 31, mortgage financier, North-east (PS51S) between [date unknown] and England, male ?? ?? 1993 with 9 interlocutors, to- PS6PB ‘Kyle’, 2, pre-school, North-east Eng- talling 4375 s-units, 32640 words, and land, C2, male over 4 hours 50 minutes 18 seconds of KP8 7 conversations recorded by ‘Christo- recordings. pher’ (PS52T) between 30 January and KP4PS000 ‘None’ 8 February 1992 with 6 interlocutors, PS51S ‘Cassie’, 15, student, London, C1, female totalling 3884 s-units, 20442 words, PS51T ‘Bonnie’, 15, student, London, female PS51U ‘Catherine’, 14, student, London, female and 2 hours 1 minute 42 seconds of PS51V ‘Liam’, 13, student, London, male recordings. PS51W ‘Peter’, 14, student, London, male PS52T ‘Christopher’, 33, civil servant, Scottish, PS6P2 ‘Meg’, 13, student, female AB, male PS6P3 ‘Alex’, 15, student, male PS52U ‘Wendy’, 33, nurse (pt), Scottish, AB, fe- PS6P4 ‘Danny’, 15, student, male male PS6U1 ‘None’ PS52V ‘Jonathan’, 5, student (state primary), KP5 4 conversations recorded by ‘Cather- Scottish, AB, male PS52W ‘Michael’, 3, student (state pre), Scottish, ine’ (PS527) on 16 October 1993 with AB, male 3 interlocutors, totalling 4101 s-units, PS52X ‘Norma’, 60, retired (physiotherapist), 21997 words, and 1 hour 37 minutes 51 Scottish, female PS52Y ‘Hazel’, 72, housewife, London, female seconds of recordings. PS530 ‘None’, 65+, watchtower representative, PS527 ‘Catherine’, 20, student, Home Counties, Scottish, female C1, female PS6P5 ‘Rachel’, 20, student, Home Counties, fe- KP9 10 conversations recorded by ‘Craig’ male (PS532) [dates unknown] with 9 inter- PS6TP ‘None’ locutors, totalling 1211 s-units, 6496 KP6 10 conversations recorded by ‘Catri- words (duration not recorded). ona’ (PS52C) on ?? ?? 1993 with PS532 ‘Craig’, 13, student, C1, male 9 interlocutors, totalling 3658 s-units, PS533 ‘John’, 45, unemployed, C1, male 33704 words, and over 1 hour 20 min- PS534 ‘Jill’, 43, shopworker, female PS535 ‘JO’, 18, shopworker, female utes 19 seconds of recordings. PS5AK ‘None’ PS52C ‘Catriona’, 16, student, London, AB, fe- PS5AL ‘None’ male PS6PS ‘Claire’, 17, student, female PS52D ‘Phil’, 16, student, London, female PS6PT ‘Frank’, 45, male PS52E ‘Sal’, 16, student, London, female PS6PU ‘Paul’, 38, male PS52F ‘Jess’, 16, student, London, female PS52G ‘Lucy’, 16, student, London, female KPA 20 conversations recorded by ‘Danny’ PS52H ‘Zoe’, 16, student, London, female (PS53C) [dates unknown] with 9 inter- 12. List of works excerpted 321

locutors, totalling 3734 s-units, 26892 PS6U2 ‘None’ words (duration not recorded). KPF 22 conversations recorded by ‘Jock’ KPAPS000 ‘None’ (PS54T) [dates unknown] with 6 in- PS53C ‘Danny’, 13, student, C1, male PS53D ‘Andrew’, 13, student, male terlocutors, totalling 538 s-units, 3817 PS53E ‘Hearn’teacher, male words (duration not recorded). PS53F ‘Andrew’, 13, student, male PS54T ‘Jock’, 16, student, AB, male PS53G ‘Nick’, 13, student, male PS54U ‘James’, 16, student, male PS53H ‘Dbillon’, 13, student, male PS54V ‘William’, 13, student, AB, male PS53J ‘Daniel’, 13, student, male PS54Y ‘Rupert’, 16, student, male PS53K ‘Takeo’, 14, student, male PS550 ‘Julian’, 16, student, male KPB 5 conversations recorded by ‘Eddie’ KPG 39 conversations recorded by ‘Josie’ (PS540) [dates unknown] with 3 in- (PS555) [dates unknown] with 34 inter- terlocutors, totalling 620 s-units, 2738 locutors, totalling 6802 s-units, 42330 words (duration not recorded). words, and over 59 minutes 42 seconds KPBPS000 ‘None’ of recordings. PS540 ‘Eddie’, 15, student, C1, male PS5AW ‘None’ PS555 ‘Josie’, 14, student, London, C2, female PS556 ‘Shelley’, 15, student, London, female KPC 1 conversation recorded by ‘Frances’ PS557 ‘Kerry’, 15, student, London, female (PS543) between 2 April 1991 and PS558 ‘Grace’, 15, student, London, female PS559 ‘Daniel’, 16, student, London, male [date unknown] with 4 interlocutors, to- PS55A ‘Truno’, 13, student, London, male talling 467 s-units, 1997 words (dura- PS55B ‘Sean’, 12, student, London, male tion not recorded). PS55C ‘Petro’, 12, student, London, male PS55D ‘Raphael’, 10, student, London, male PS543 ‘Frances’, 31, sales assistant, Northern PS55E ‘Vergina’, 17, student, London, female England, AB, female PS55F ‘Tina’, 13, student, London, female PS544 ‘Francis’, 6, student (private primary), PS55G ‘Greta’housewife, female Northern England, AB, male PS55H ‘Jane’housewife, London, female PS545 ‘Kaley’, 5, student (private primary), PS55J ‘Madigan’teacher, female Northern England, AB, female PS55K ‘Alice’, 15, student, London, female PS546 ‘Brett’, 1, pre-school, Northern England, PS55L ‘Kate’, 14, student, London, female AB, male PS55M ‘James’, 15, student, London, male PS548 ‘Frank’, 31, managing director, Northern PS55N ‘Peter’, 15, student, London, male England, AB, male PS55P ‘Chris’housewife, female KPD 5 conversations recorded by ‘Gary’ PS55R ‘Ozzi’, 16, student, male PS55S ‘Wesley’, 15, student, London, male (PS549) on 30 January 1992 with 5 in- PS5AG ‘None’teacher, London, female terlocutors, totalling 806 s-units, 4826 PS5AH ‘Cassie’, 15, student, London, female words, and 42 minutes 17 seconds of PS5AJ ‘None’ PS6R3 ‘Warren’, 15, student, London, male recordings. PS6R4 ‘Jesica’, 12, student, London, female PS549 ‘Gary’, 36, shunter, Scottish, C2, male PS6R5 ‘Andrew’, 15, student, London, male PS54A ‘Laura’, 11, student, Scottish, C2, female PS6R6 ‘Karen’, 16, student, London, female PS54B ‘Karen’, 8, student, Scottish, C2, female PS6R7 ‘None’London, male PS54C ‘Lilias’, 33, shop assistant, Scottish, C2, PS6TS ‘None’ female PS6TT ‘None’ PS54D ‘Jake’, 73, retired, Scottish, male PS6TU ‘None’ PS54E ‘Lilias’, 71, retired, Scottish, female PS6TY ‘None’ KPE 17 conversations recorded by ‘Grace’ KPH 7 conversations recorded by ‘Kath’ (PS54G) [dates unknown] with 7 inter- (PS55T) on ?? ?? 1993 with 4 inter- locutors, totalling 3199 s-units, 15481 locutors, totalling 1692 s-units, 11244 words, and over 1 hour 57 minutes 59 words, and 1 hour 0 minutes 26 seconds seconds of recordings. of recordings. KPEPS000 ‘None’ PS55T ‘Kath’, 17, student, Home Counties, C2, KPEPS001 ‘None’ female PS54G ‘Grace’, 15, student, London, female PS55U ‘Claire’, 17, student, Home Counties, fe- PS54H ‘Chantel’, 15, student, London, female male PS54J ‘Fiona’, 16, student, female PS55V ‘Roxy’, 17, student, Home Counties, fe- PS54K ‘Ian’, 15, student, London, male male PS54L ‘Samantha’, 18, student, female PS6U9 ‘None’ 322 12. List of works excerpted

KPJ 7 conversations recorded by ‘Katriane’ PS574 ‘Angie’, 20, student, Central Northern (PS560) on 31 January 1992 with 3 in- England, female PS575 ‘None’, 45, lecturer, United States, female terlocutors, totalling 575 s-units, 3559 PS576 ‘Rachel’, 20, student, London, female words, and 25 minutes 53 seconds of PS577 ‘Lucy’, 20, student, London, female recordings. PS578 ‘Alice’, 21, student, London, female PS560 ‘Katriane’, 24, catering manager, Scottish, KPP 8 conversations recorded by ‘Matthew’ C1, female (PS57A) [dates unknown] with 7 inter- PS561 ‘Nina’, 32, canteen assistant, Scottish, fe- male locutors, totalling 1319 s-units, 7616 PS562 ‘Sandy’, 32, catering manager, Scottish, words (duration not recorded). male PS57A ‘Matthew’, 13, student, AB, male KPK 4 conversations recorded by ‘Kitty’ PS57B ‘Josh’, 17, student, male PS57C ‘Ryan’, 18, student, male (PS563) between 16 and 19 October PS57D ‘Lara’, 17, student, female 1993 with 9 interlocutors, totalling PS57E ‘Rob’, 19, student, male 1962 s-units, 4901 words, and 1 hour PS57F ‘Alex’, 13, student, male PS57G ‘Aaron’, 13, student, male 56 minutes 46 seconds of recordings. KPKPS000 ‘None’ KPR 5 conversations recorded by ‘Monica’ KPKPS001 ‘None’ (PS57L) on 19 October 1993 with 4 in- KPKPS002 ‘None’ terlocutors, totalling 1980 s-units, 9604 KPKPS003 ‘None’ KPKPS004 ‘None’ words, and over 1 hour 26 minutes 56 KPKPS005 ‘None’ seconds of recordings. PS563 ‘Kitty’, 23, student, Home Counties, C1, PS57L ‘Monica’, 21, student, Home Counties, female C1, female PS564 ‘Martin’, 27, athletic events organiser, PS57M ‘Andy’, 21, security guard, Home Coun- male ties, male PS565 ‘Steve’, 28, financial adviser, male PS57N ‘Nick’, 21, student, Home Counties, male KPL 4 conversations recorded by ‘Leon’ KPS 1 conversation recorded by ‘Pamela2’ (PS56D) [dates unknown] with 4 in- (PS57P) [dates unknown] with 2 inter- terlocutors, totalling 866 s-units, 5577 locutors, totalling 13 s-units, 66 words words (duration not recorded). (duration not recorded). PS56D ‘Leon’, 13, student, C1, male PS57P ‘Pamela’, 16, trainee warehouse assistant, PS56E ‘Sarah’, 13, student, female Scottish, DE, female PS56F ‘Hugo’, 13, student, male PS57R ‘Tracy’, 12, student (state secondary), KPM 5 conversations recorded by ‘Madge’ Scottish, DE, female (PS56M) between 8 and 9 April 1992 PS57S ‘Jill’, 14, student, Scottish, female with 8 interlocutors, totalling 1399 s- KPT 11 conversations recorded by ‘Peter’ units, 9081 words, and 56 minutes 17 (PS57T) [dates unknown] with 7 inter- seconds of recordings. locutors, totalling 1349 s-units, 7008 KPMPS000 ‘None’ words, and 51 minutes 5 seconds of KPMPS001 ‘None’ recordings. KPMPS002 ‘None’ KPTPS000 ‘None’ KPMPS003 ‘None’ KPTPS001 ‘None’ KPMPS004 ‘None’ PS57T ‘Peter’, 14, student, London, AB, male KPMPS005 ‘None’ PS57U ‘Tom’, 15, student, London, male KPMPS006 ‘None’ PS57V ‘Muhammad’, 15, student, London, male PS56M ‘Madge’, 73, retired, Central Northern PS57W ‘Alex’, 15, student, London, male England, C1, female PS6RV ‘Danny’, 15, student, London, male KPN 6 conversations recorded by ‘Marion’ KPU 4 conversations recorded by ‘Rachel2’ (PS571) [dates unknown] with 9 in- (PS582) on 9 October 1993 with 4 inter- terlocutors, totalling 599 s-units, 3734 locutors, totalling 2955 s-units, 16953 words (duration not recorded). words, and over 1 hour 30 minutes 58 PS571 ‘Marion’, 22, student, London, AB, fe- male seconds of recordings. PS572 ‘Liz’, 21, student, London, female PS582 ‘Rachel’, 27, student, Home Counties, C1, PS573 ‘Cathi’, 20, student, London, female female 12. List of works excerpted 323

PS583 ‘Anne-Marie’, 29, secretary, Home Coun- February 1992 with 9 interlocutors, to- ties, C1, female talling 2658 s-units, 18900 words, and PS584 ‘Michael’, 36, p.a., Irish, male PS585 ‘Gearoid’, 40, p.a., Irish, male over 1 hour 22 minutes 19 seconds of KPV 13 conversations recorded by ‘Re- recordings. becca’ (PS586) between 15 and 19 Oc- KR0PS000 ‘None’ KR0PS001 ‘None’ tober 1993 with 9 interlocutors, to- PS59B ‘Sheila’, 52, housewife, North-east Eng- talling 7959 s-units, 67920 words, and land, C1, female over 5 hours 15 minutes 27 seconds of PS59C ‘Wendy’, 50, housewife, Central North- ern England, female recordings. PS59D ‘Sharon’, 23, housewife, Central North- KPVPS000 ‘None’ ern England, female KPVPS001 ‘None’ PS59E ‘Edna’, 49, housewife, North-east Eng- KPVPS002 ‘None’ land, female KPVPS003 ‘None’ PS59F ‘Paul’, 18, serviceman, Central Northern PS586 ‘Rebecca’, 19, student, Home Counties, England, male AB, female PS59G ‘Michael’, 5, student, Central Northern PS5AF ‘Ann’, 19, student, female England, male PS6RW ‘Anne’lecturer, female PS59H ‘Sammy Jo’, 3, student, Central Northern PS6RX ‘Kitty’, 20, student, female England, female PS6RY ‘Inga’, 22, student, European (Serbo- Croat), female KR1 6 conversations recorded by ‘Skonev’ KPW 6 conversations recorded by (PS59U) [dates unknown] with 7 in- ‘Robert2’ (PS58H) [dates unknown] terlocutors, totalling 728 s-units, 5091 with 6 interlocutors, totalling 1023 s- words, and over 8 minutes 56 seconds units, 6745 words, and 15 minutes 16 of recordings. seconds of recordings. PS59U ‘Skonev’, 12, student, Home Counties, C1, male PS58H ‘Robert’, 15, student, Unidentifiable, C2, PS59V ‘Blake’, 13, student, male male PS59W ‘Antony’, 13, student, male PS58J ‘Obina’, 15, student, Unidentifiable, male PS59X ‘Roland’, 45, lecturer, C1, male PS6SM ‘Orgady’, 18, student, female PS59Y ‘Caelia’, 10, student, C1, female PS6SN ‘Amanda’, 15, student, C2, female PS5A0 ‘Patrick’, 13, student, male PS6SP ‘Mum’receptionist, C2, female KPX 7 conversations recorded by ‘Robin’ KR2 13 conversations recorded by ‘Terry’ (PS58K) [dates unknown] with 6 inter- (PS5A1) [dates unknown] with 13 in- locutors, totalling 1126 s-units, 5165 terlocutors, totalling 1655 s-units, 7446 words (duration not recorded). words, and over 13 minutes 18 seconds PS58K ‘Robin’, 14, student, AB, male of recordings. PS58L ‘Jones’teacher, male PS5A1 ‘Terry’, 14, student, London, C2, male PS58M ‘Zoe’, 13, student, female PS5A2 ‘Clifton’, 14, student, male PS58N ‘Ben’, 14, student, male PS5A3 ‘JO’, 14, student, female PS58P ‘Oliver’, 13, student, male PS5A4 ‘Mother’, 39, housewife, C2, female PS5AV ‘Jenny’, 13, student, female PS5A5 ‘Michael’, 1, pre-school, C2, male KPY 8 conversations recorded by ‘Sarah’ PS5A6 ‘Nick’, 14, student, male (PS58U) [dates unknown] with 9 inter- PS5A7 ‘Georgina’, 16, student, C2, female PS5A8 ‘Agi’, 19, student, male locutors, totalling 1080 s-units, 7772 PS5A9 ‘None’, male words, and over 1 hour 3 minutes 30 PS5AA ‘Damion’, 14, student, male PS5AB ‘Bunnie’, 14, student, female seconds of recordings. PS5AT ‘None’ PS58U ‘Sarah’, 13, student, C1, female PS6U4 ‘None’ PS58V ‘Charitra’, 13, student, female PS58W ‘Keat-Yee’, 13, student, female KRE Ideas in Action programmes: radio PS58X ‘Roosevelt’, 13, student, male broadcast. PS58Y ‘Elizabeth’, 37, housewife, C1, female PS590 ‘Kate’, 13, student, female PS5R3 ‘A’, AB, male PS591 ‘Emily’, 10, student, C1, female PS5R4 ‘PD’, DE, male PS5AN ‘Amy’, 59, retired, female PS5R5 ‘JT’, DE, female PS5R6 ‘DG’, male KR0 12 conversations recorded by ‘Sheila’ PS5R7 ‘B’, male (PS59B) between 31 January and 4 PS5R8 ‘FH’, male 324 12. List of works excerpted

PS5R9 ‘PL’, male PS5VG ‘CS’, male PS5RA ‘CT’, male PS5VH ‘JS’, male PS5RB ‘JD’, male PS5VJ ‘HM’, male Sample containing about 14753 words PS5VK ‘BM’ speech recorded in educational context Sample containing about 8733 words KRF Ideas in Action programmes (02): ra- speech recorded in leisure context dio broadcast. KRL Bill Heine radio phone-in (02). PS5RL ‘A’, male PS5VL ‘JS’, male PS5RM ‘PS’, male PS5VM ‘T’, male PS5RN ‘B’, male PS5VN ‘J’, female PS5RP ‘CC’, male PS5VP ‘S’, male PS5RR ‘D’, male PS5VR ‘M’, female PS5RS ‘C’, male PS5VS ‘L’, female PS5RT ‘MC’, male PS5VT ‘B’, male PS5RU ‘JT’, female PS5VU ‘G’, male PS5RV ‘E’, male PS5VV ‘JP’, male Sample containing about 29163 words Sample containing about 109439 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in leisure context KRG Ideas in Action programmes (03): ra- KRM Central News (03): TV news. dio broadcast. PS5XN ‘A’, female PS5XP ‘KB’, female PS5S7 ‘A’, female PS5XR ‘B’, female PS5S8 ‘BB’, male PS5XS ‘A’, male PS5S9 ‘RS’, male PS5XT ‘C’, female PS5SA ‘A’, male PS5XU ‘D’, female PS5SB ‘DV’, female PS5XV ‘E’, female PS5SC ‘Geoffrey’, male PS5XW ‘TH’, male PS5SD ‘Norbert’, male PS5XX ‘F’, female PS5SE ‘Anne’, female PS5SF ‘Anne’, male Sample containing about 49893 words Sample containing about 41865 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context KRN St Aldates in the Civil War [talk]. KRH Ideas in Action programmes (04): ra- PS62F ‘RK’ dio broadcast. Sample containing about 6033 words PS5T8 ‘A’, male speech recorded in educational context PS5T9 ‘GC’, male KRP Environmental Health Officers’ con- PS5TA ‘DW’, male PS5TB ‘TN’, male ference: lecture. PS5TC ‘TB’, male PS62G ‘A’, male PS5TD ‘GM’, male PS62H ‘B’, male PS5TE ‘NM’, male PS62J ‘C’, male PS5TF ‘SB’, male PS62K ‘NF’, male PS5TG ‘CD’, female PS62L ‘BS’, male Sample containing about 135254 words PS62M ‘RO’, male PS62N ‘F’, male speech recorded in educational context PS62P ‘G’, male KRJ Lecture on Victorian fashion. PS62R ‘LF’, female PS5V5 ‘SB’, female Sample containing about 36816 words PS5V6 ‘A’, female PS5V7 ‘B’, female speech recorded in public context PS5V8 ‘C’, female KRR Britain and Europe - European music: PS5V9 ‘D’, female radio programme. PS5VA ‘E’, female PS63E ‘A’, male PS5VB ‘F’, female PS63F ‘MH’ PS5VC ‘G’, female PS5VD ‘M’, female Sample containing about 2142 words Sample containing about 4723 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in educational context KRS Britain and Europe - European art: ra- KRK Bill Heine radio phone-in. dio programme. PS5VF ‘BH’, male PS63G ‘A’, male 12. List of works excerpted 325

PS63H ‘NL’ PS65F ‘GO’, male PS65G ‘F’, male Sample containing about 2554 words PS65H ‘RJ’, male speech recorded in educational context PS65J ‘JB’, female KRT Fox FM News: radio programme. PS65K ‘G’, male PS65L ‘JM’, male PS63J ‘A’, male PS65M ‘H’, male PS63K ‘JM’, female PS65N ‘LR’, male PS63L ‘AW’, female PS65P ‘MU’, male PS63M ‘PC’, male PS65R ‘HN’, male PS63N ‘BC’, male PS65S ‘I’, male PS63P ‘MT’, female PS65T ‘DW’, female PS63R ‘NW’, male PS65U ‘RH’, male PS63S ‘VH’, female PS65V ‘EA’, male PS63T ‘JG’, male PS65W ‘JH’, male PS63U ‘DB’, male PS65X ‘MM’, male PS63V ‘B’, male PS65Y ‘DF’, male PS63W ‘TB’, male PS660 ‘NH’, male PS63X ‘NT’, male PS661 ‘IG’, male PS63Y ‘MN’, male PS662 ‘NC’, male PS640 ‘LB’, female PS663 ‘MH’, male PS641 ‘TR’, male PS664 ‘TN’, male PS642 ‘MM’, female PS665 ‘CG’, male PS643 ‘PM’, male PS666 ‘LS’, male PS644 ‘SI’, male PS667 ‘DH’, male PS645 ‘MP’, male PS668 ‘Zippy’, male PS646 ‘TS’, male PS669 ‘SJ’, female PS647 ‘C’, male PS66A ‘A’, female PS648 ‘JP’, male PS66B ‘RR’, male PS649 ‘CS’, male PS66C ‘ML’, male PS64A ‘D’, male PS66D ‘AC’, male PS64B ‘CM’, male PS66E ‘JZ’, female PS64C ‘MG’, female PS66F ‘D’, female PS64D ‘E’, female PS66G ‘RB’, male PS64E ‘F’, female PS66H ‘DS’, male PS64F ‘G’, female PS66J ‘KG’, male PS64G ‘H’, female PS66K ‘AH’, female PS64H ‘AS’, male PS66L ‘SW’, male PS64J ‘TD’, male PS66M ‘LM’, male PS64K ‘I’, female PS66N ‘RM’, male PS64L ‘J’, male PS66P ‘BG’, female PS64M ‘MB’, male PS66R ‘E’, male PS64N ‘BW’, male PS66S ‘CB’, female PS64P ‘CR’, female PS66T ‘AH’, male PS64R ‘BF’, male PS66U ‘BH’, male PS64S ‘K’, male PS66V ‘P’, male PS64T ‘TM’, male PS66W ‘AK’, female PS64U ‘AR’, male PS66X ‘Q’, male PS64V ‘PR’, male PS66Y ‘Bungle’, male PS64W ‘L’, male PS670 ‘Jeffrey’, male PS64X ‘CP’, male PS671 ‘JB’, male PS64Y ‘HH’, male PS672 ‘SH’, male PS650 ‘IP’, male PS673 ‘SK’, male PS651 ‘PP’, male PS674 ‘MS’, male PS652 ‘AD’, female PS675 ‘PS’, male PS653 ‘TC’, male PS676 ‘RV’, female PS654 ‘TA’, male PS677 ‘AA’, male PS655 ‘IW’, male PS678 ‘MH’, male PS656 ‘DO’, male PS679 ‘JE’, male PS657 ‘RP’, male PS67A ‘EL’, female PS658 ‘DG’, male PS67B ‘NY’, female PS659 ‘CF’, female PS67C ‘LJ’, male PS65A ‘CJ’, female PS67D ‘IC’, male PS65B ‘GM’, male PS67E ‘JW’, male PS65C ‘NS’, male PS67F ‘NA’, male PS65D ‘DM’, male PS67G ‘PT’, male PS65E ‘RG’, female 326 12. List of works excerpted

PS67H ‘MI’, male PS69K ‘NR’, female PS67J ‘PG’, male PS69L ‘TF’, female PS67K ‘FD’, male PS69M ‘GP’, female PS67L ‘TK’, male PS69N ‘SM’, female PS67M ‘TP’, male PS69P ‘NK’, male PS67N ‘NM’, male PS69R ‘WE’, male PS67P ‘JS’, male PS69S ‘NP’, female PS67R ‘GD’, male PS69T ‘DC’, male PS67S ‘MR’, male PS69U ‘CH’, female PS67T ‘PJ’, male PS69V ‘EF’, male PS67U ‘AT’, male PS69W ‘BS’, male PS67V ‘GW’, male PS69X ‘MC’, female PS67W ‘RG’, male PS69Y ‘BH’, female PS67X ‘MJ’, male PS6A0 ‘BY’, female PS67Y ‘AP’, male PS6A1 ‘CH’, male PS680 ‘PA’, male PS6A2 ‘KS’, male PS681 ‘FJ’, male PS6A3 ‘RM’, female PS682 ‘VB’, female PS6A4 ‘JJ’, male PS683 ‘RK’, male PS6A5 ‘CA’, female PS684 ‘B’, female PS6A6 ‘CC’, male PS685 ‘GB’, male PS6A7 ‘KC’, male PS686 ‘JT’, female PS6A8 ‘JW’, female PS687 ‘JK’, female PS6A9 ‘Jmc’, female PS688 ‘HC’, female PS6AA ‘Fjm’, female PS689 ‘RA’, male PS6AB ‘KK’, female PS68A ‘AB’, female PS6AC ‘BO’, male PS68B ‘PK’, male PS6AD ‘NP’, male PS68C ‘AG’, female PS6AE ‘HA’, male PS68D ‘MW’, male PS6AF ‘DW’, male PS68E ‘MH’, female PS6AG ‘JV’, male PS68F ‘SP’, female PS6AH ‘RD’, female PS68G ‘BJ’, male PS6AJ ‘EC’, male PS68H ‘BW’, female PS6AK ‘WR’, male PS68J ‘PH’, male PS6AL ‘PD’, male PS68K ‘WT’, male PS6AM ‘HE’, female PS68L ‘KP’, male PS6AN ‘DV’, male PS68M ‘PL’, male PS6AP ‘PE’, male PS68N ‘CW’, male PS6AR ‘AF’, male PS68P ‘MB’, female PS6AS ‘LH’, male PS68R ‘KM’, male PS6AT ‘LC’, male PS68S ‘K’, female PS6AU ‘BN’, male PS68T ‘SS’, female PS6AV ‘TJ’, male PS68U ‘AJ’, male PS6AW ‘WW’, female PS68V ‘BG’, male PS6AX ‘SR’, male PS68W ‘GF’, male PS6AY ‘PW’, male PS68X ‘RS’, male PS6B0 ‘YO’, female PS68Y ‘NH’, female PS6B1 ‘FM’, male PS690 ‘CL’, female PS6B2 ‘SA’, female PS691 ‘DP’, male PS6B3 ‘KB’, male PS692 ‘JN’, female PS6B4 ‘WA’, male PS693 ‘PB’, male PS6B5 ‘VB’, male PS694 ‘MF’, male PS6B6 ‘AM’, male PS695 ‘IJ’, male PS6B7 ‘HA’, female PS696 ‘WH’, male PS6B8 ‘RJ’, female PS697 ‘AK’, male PS6B9 ‘TF’, male PS698 ‘C’, female PS6BA ‘FH’, female PS699 ‘JC’, male PS6BB ‘AL’, male PS69A ‘HK’, male PS6BC ‘JL’, male PS69B ‘HM’, male PS6BD ‘BV’, male PS69C ‘EP’, female PS6BE ‘CK’, female PS69D ‘SP’, male PS6BF ‘ZW’, female PS69E ‘RL’, male PS6BG ‘AC’, female PS69F ‘TI’, male PS6BH ‘EH’, female PS69G ‘LH’, female PS6BJ ‘HT’, female PS69H ‘FW’, male PS6BK ‘JR’, male PS69J ‘LM’, female PS6BL ‘PK’, female 12. List of works excerpted 327

PS6BM ‘MA’, female speech recorded in educational context. PS6BN ‘JG’, female PS6FT ‘A’, male PS6BP ‘M’, male PS6FU ‘PU’, male PS6BS ‘JO’, male PS6FV ‘B’, male PS6BT ‘LB’, male PS6FW ‘SB’, male PS6BU ‘DD’, female PS6FX ‘CD’ PS6BV ‘AM’, female PS6BW ‘NO’, male KRX The Land Army: lecture. PS6BX ‘DJ’, male PS6FY ‘C’, AB, female PS6BY ‘N’, male PS6G0 ‘DG’, DE, female PS6C0 ‘EH’, male PS6G1 ‘A’, DE, female PS6C1 ‘BM’, male PS6G2 ‘B’, female PS6C2 ‘O’, male PS6G3 ‘C’, male PS6C3 ‘JH’, female PS6G4 ‘D’ PS6C4 ‘R’, male PS6C5 ‘JS’, female Sample containing about 5587 words PS6C6 ‘AT’, female speech recorded in educational context PS6C7 ‘DL’, male KRY OUP Electronic Publishing Group: PS6C8 ‘KH’, male PS6C9 ‘BS’, female business meeting. PS6CA ‘SC’, female PS6G5 ‘AE’, AB PS6CB ‘LT’, male PS6G6 ‘RM’, DE PS6CC ‘DM’, female PS6G7 ‘JC’, DE PS6CD ‘NA’, female PS6G8 ‘TB’ PS6CE ‘J’, female PS6G9 ‘SM’ PS6CF ‘ID’, female PS6GA ‘PM’ PS6CG ‘CB’, male PS6GB ‘TL’ PS6CH ‘RD’, male PS6GC ‘A’ PS6CJ ‘RO’, male PS6GD ‘B’ PS6CK ‘GH’, male PS6CL ‘CM’, female Sample containing about 6776 words PS6CM ‘LT’ speech recorded in business context KRTPS000 KS0 Oxford City Council Health and Envi- Sample containing about 155729 words ronmental Protection Committee meet- speech recorded in educational context ing. KRU Independent Television News. PS6H7 ‘Chair’, AB, female PS6H8 ‘G’, male PS6CN ‘VN’, AB, female PS6H9 ‘Chair2’, female PS6CP ‘NG’, DE, male PS6HA ‘I’, male PS6CR ‘A’, DE, male PS6HB ‘H’, male PS6CS ‘DJ’, male PS6HC ‘Foe’, male PS6CT ‘RM’, male PS6HD ‘B’, female PS6CU ‘B’, male PS6HE ‘A’, male PS6CV ‘WM’, male PS6HF ‘EI’, female PS6CW ‘VA’, female PS6HG ‘BP’, male PS6CX ‘BN’, female PS6HH ‘C’, male Sample containing about 17774 words PS6HJ ‘D’, male PS6HK ‘E’, female speech recorded in educational context PS6HL ‘D’ KRV Independent Television News (02). Sample containing about 11314 words PS6FD ‘JT’, male PS6FE ‘B’, male speech recorded in public context PS6FF ‘C’, male KS1 Oxford City Council Health and Envi- PS6FG ‘D’, male ronmental Protection Committee meet- PS6FH ‘E’, male PS6FJ ‘F’, male ing (02). PS6FK ‘G’, male PS6HM ‘Chair’, female PS6FL ‘RP’, male PS6HN ‘G’, male PS6FM ‘MW’, male PS6HP ‘S’, female PS6HR ‘A’, female Sample containing about 1495 words PS6HS ‘M’, male speech recorded in educational context PS6HT ‘T’, female PS6HU ‘D’, female KRW [Interviews with educationalists] PS6HV ‘T’, male Sample containing about 11726 words PS6HW ‘R’, female 328 12. List of works excerpted

PS6HX ‘B’, female PS6K7 ‘SJ’, female PS6HY ‘M’, female PS6K8 ‘G’, female PS6J0 ‘J’, male PS6K9 ‘M’, female PS6J1 ‘AS’, female PS6KA ‘H’, female PS6J2 ‘O’, female PS6KB ‘J’, female PS6J3 ‘GD’, male PS6KC ‘K’, female PS6J4 ‘C’, female PS6KD ‘F’, female PS6J5 ‘IW’, male PS6KE ‘B’, male PS6J6 ‘A’, male PS6KF ‘I’, female PS6J7 ‘LK’, female PS6KG ‘E’, female PS6J8 ‘NK’, female PS6KH ‘L’, female PS6J9 ‘L’, female PS6KJ ‘L’, male PS6JA ‘KD’, male PS6KK ‘AR’, female PS6JB ‘KP’, female PS6KL ‘A’, female PS6JC ‘D’, male PS6KM ‘W’, female PS6JD ‘AR’, female PS6KN ‘D’, female PS6JE ‘P’, male PS6KP ‘E’ PS6JF ‘GD’, female PS6JG ‘CM’, female Sample containing about 11314 words PS6JH ‘EB’, male speech recorded in educational context PS6JJ ‘C’, male KS7 Radio Oxford, Peter Baker talking PS6JK ‘K’, female PS6JL ‘TF’, male sport: radio programme. PS6JM ‘N’, female PS6KR ‘PB’, male PS6JN ‘TR’ PS6KS ‘HF’, male Sample containing about 21373 words PS6KT ‘NH’, male PS6KU ‘A’, male speech recorded in public context PS6KV ‘JS’, male KS2 Interview with Roger Black. PS6KW ‘NQ’, male PS6KX ‘AW’, male PS6JP ‘PL’, male PS6KY ‘RB’, male PS6JR ‘RB’ PS6L0 ‘BH’, male Sample containing about 13700 words PS6L1 ‘DT’, male speech recorded in educational context PS6L2 ‘BW’, male PS6L3 ‘AB’, male KS3 Lecture on philosophy. PS6L4 ‘GC’, male PS6JS ‘JC’ PS6L5 ‘CV’, male PS6L6 ‘SG’, male Sample containing about 9796 words PS6L7 ‘MW’, male speech recorded in educational context PS6L8 ‘B’, male KS4 South East Arts Face the Media course: PS6L9 ‘C’, male PS6LA ‘D’, male lecture. PS6LB ‘PS’, male PS6JT ‘A’, female PS6LC ‘CR’, male PS6JU ‘BH’, male PS6LD ‘BC’, male PS6JV ‘TC’, male PS6LE ‘SW’, male PS6JW ‘CB’, male PS6LF ‘RR’, male PS6JX ‘CC’, male PS6LG ‘KV’, male PS6JY ‘FS’, female PS6LH ‘TP’, male PS6K0 ‘RM’ PS6LJ ‘AM’, male PS6LK ‘KC’, male Sample containing about 3572 words PS6LL ‘EJ’, male speech recorded in educational context PS6LM ‘NR’, male KS5 Minute talks with South East Arts ad- PS6LN ‘GB’, male PS6LP ‘TW’, male ministrators. PS6LR ‘TB’, male PS6K1 ‘A’, male PS6LS ‘AT’, male PS6K2 ‘FS’, female PS6LT ‘MM’, male PS6K3 ‘B’, male PS6LU ‘AH’, male PS6K4 ‘C’, male PS6LV ‘RT’, male PS6K5 ‘BH’, male PS6LW ‘AG’, male PS6K6 ‘D’ PS6LX ‘ND’ Sample containing about 2677 words Sample containing about 42602 words speech recorded in educational context speech recorded in leisure context KS6 Telephone system training course. KS8 Belfast Festival at Queen’s 4-23 12. List of works excerpted 329

November 1991. u.p.. Sample contain- PS6RD ‘Ernest’, 75, salvation army, Northern ing about 24833 words of miscellanea England, male PS6RE ‘Karen’, 23, nursery teacher, Northern (domain: arts) England, female KS9 Today’s Horse. Aceville Publications PS6RF ‘David’, 27, unemployed, Northern Eng- Ltd, Colchester, Essex (1992-02). Sam- land, male ple containing about 19863 words from KST 12 conversations recorded by ‘Mar- a periodical (domain: leisure) garet2’ (PS6RG) between 20 and 27 KSN 9 conversations recorded by ‘An- February 1992 with 7 interlocutors, to- thony2’ (PS6NV) [dates unknown] with talling 5346 s-units, 31800 words, and 4 interlocutors, totalling 2421 s-units, 2 hours 47 minutes 0 seconds of record- 13743 words (duration not recorded). ings. PS6NV ‘Anthony’, 13, student, C1, male PS6RG ‘Margaret’, 50, housewife, Central PS6NW ‘Kevin’, 13, student, male South-west England, AB, female PS6NX ‘Patrick’, 10, student, C1, male PS6TD ‘None’ KSP 2 conversations recorded by ‘Barry2’ PS6TE ‘None’ PS6TF ‘None’ (PS6NY) [dates unknown] with 3 in- PS6TG ‘None’ terlocutors, totalling 306 s-units, 1427 PS6TH ‘None’ words, and over 6 minutes 26 seconds PS6TJ ‘None’ of recordings. KSU 2 conversations recorded by PS6NY ‘Barry’, 14, student, C2, male ‘Michael2’ (PS6RM) [dates unknown] PS6P0 ‘Peter’, 14, student, male PS6P1 ‘Kevin’, 12, student, male with 4 interlocutors, totalling 494 KSR 7 conversations recorded by ‘Clare2’ s-units, 2237 words (duration not (PS6PC) between 12 and 16 October recorded). PS6RM ‘Michael’, 13, student, C2, male 1993 with 12 interlocutors, totalling PS6RN ‘Christine’, 45, credit controller, C2, fe- 1676 s-units, 9863 words, and over 20 male minutes 27 seconds of recordings. PS6RP ‘Leslie’, 45, unemployed, female PS6RR ‘Steve’, 21, unemployed, C2, male PS6PC ‘Clare’, 21, student, London, AB, female PS6PD ‘Gary’, 30+, estate agent, London, male KSV 25 conversations recorded by PS6PE ‘Catherine’, 24, lettings negotiator, Lon- don, female ‘Richard2’ (PS1BY) between 21 and PS6PF ‘Mark’, 20, student, London, male 27 February 1992 with 8 interlocutors, PS6PG ‘Carole’, 48, housewife, London, female totalling 6013 s-units, 38297 words PS6PH ‘Dave’, 51, bank inspector, London, male PS6PM ‘Chris’, 29, carpenter, London, male (duration not recorded). PS6PN ‘Brian’, 40, stockbroker, London, male PS1BY ‘Richard’, 16, student, AB, male PS6PP ‘Brian’, 50, banker, male PS1C0 ‘None’ PS6PR ‘Jeff’, 50London, male PS1K2 ‘None’ PS6TR ‘None’ PS1K3 ‘None’ KSS 16 conversations recorded by ‘June2’ PS1K4 ‘None’ PS1K5 ‘None’ (PS6R8) between 2 and 8 April 1992 PS1K6 ‘None’ with 9 interlocutors, totalling 5147 s- PS1K7 ‘None’ units, 34975 words, and over 1 hour 19 KSW 6 conversations recorded by minutes 18 seconds of recordings. ‘Richard4’ (PS6SG) [dates unknown] PS6R8 ‘June’, 53, housewife, North-west Mid- lands, DE, female with 5 interlocutors, totalling 1098 PS6R9 ‘Arthur’, 45, unemployed, Lancashire, s-units, 6020 words (duration not DE, male recorded). PS6RA ‘Richard’, 21, radar operator, Northern England, male PS6SG ‘Richard’, 13, student, male PS6RB ‘Angela’, 19, care assistant, Lancashire, PS6SH ‘Frances’, 13, student, female DE, female PS6SJ ‘Lisa’, 13, student, female PS6RC ‘Peggy’, 72, salvation army, Lancashire, PS6SK ‘Ben’, male female PS6SL ‘Billy’, male