75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM

VOA AUTHORS MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES 75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 1 330 INDEPENDENCE AVE SW WASHINGTON, DC 20237

2 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD...... 5 ELI FLAM...... 48 DORA MEKOUAR...... 90 VICTOR FRANZUSOFF...... 50 HEATHER MURDOCK...... 92 AUTHORS WILLIAM HARLAN HALE...... 54 JOHN PAXSON...... 94 ED ALEXANDER...... 7 ALAN HEIL...... 57 HÜLYA S. POLAT ...... 97 STERLING ALFORD...... 8 STEVEN L. HERMAN...... 58 DR. MARK G. POMAR...... 98 AMANDA BENNETT...... 14 JOHN HOLWAY...... 60 ROBERT R. REILLY...... 99 DR. ELEZ BIBERAJ ...... 16 JOHN HOUSEMAN ...... 62 WALTER ROBERTS...... 100 JOHN BIRCHARD...... 18 DR. ROLAND HUBER...... 64 LINA ROZBIH-HAIDARI...... 101 DR. MARY G. F. BITTERMAN...... 20 DAVID HUBLER...... 65 DR. JOHN J.SCHULZ...... 102 F. SCOTT BOBB ...... 22 JOHN HUGHES...... 66 FRANK SESNO...... 103 FRED BROWN ...... 23 WAYNE HYDE...... 67 SUSAN SHAND...... 104 DR. JOHN B. BUESCHER...... 24 GEORGE JACOBS...... 68 STEVE SHEPARD...... 105 ROBERT E. BUTTON...... 26 ALI AHMAD JALALI...... 70 CHARLES THAYER...... 106 AMBASSADOR RICHARD W. CARLSON...... 28 LARRY JAMES...... 72 HANS (TOM) TUCH...... 108 LINDA CASHDAN...... 30 PHILOMENA JUREY...... 75 SANFORD J. “SANDY” UNGAR...... 110 BOB CHANCELLOR...... 31 SEAN KELLY...... 76 CHASE UNTERMEYER...... 112 JOHN CHANCELLOR...... 32 JONATHAN KERN...... 78 JERILYN WATSON...... 113 WILLIS CONOVER...... 34 AMBASSADOR FOY DAVID KOHLER...... 80 BARRY D. WOOD ...... 114 GEOFFREY COWAN...... 36 TED LANDPHAIR AND CAROL HIGHSMITH...... 82 NEIL CURRIE...... 38 EUNA LEE...... 84 EPILOGUE AUTHORS GEORGE CZUCZKA...... 39 JEAN-PIERRE LEROY...... 85 MARIA BAUER...... 118 JOHN CHARLES DALY...... 42 PATRICIA GATES LYNCH...... 86 DR. NICHOLAS J. CULL...... 119 LYONEL DESMARATTES...... 45 BILL MCGUIRE...... 87 MERNI INGRASSIA FITZGERALD...... 120 ERIC FELTEN ...... 46 HARUN MARUF AND DAN JOSEPH...... 88 DR. HOLLY COWAN SHULMAN...... 122 GREG FLAKUS...... 47 MOLLY MCKITTERICK...... 89

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 3 Reporters at work ine Voice’s New York City newsroom in the 1940’s.

4 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES FOREWORD

We started writing VOA Authors: 75 Years of • among them, a VOA foreign correspondent • a pair of VOA editors whose personal fasci- After-Hours Wisdom during the Voice’s 75th who before his Voice career was a fighter nation with baseball chronicle the national anniversary celebration, with descriptions of a pilot in 270 missions over Vietnam and pastime’s origins in the 19th century and in- relatively few known authors who had worked at writes about it in a fast-paced narrative in tegration of the major leagues shortly after VOA. It soon developed into a much larger proj- poetry and prose… World War II… ect as we uncovered many more authors, includ- • a VOA news anchor whose fascinating, • authors whose books have been published ed more information, and added pictures of the fictional page-turner on a spy scandal in in many languages other than English – in- authors and images of their books. It was a fun Canada that also reflects much about the his- cluding Haitian Creole, Dari, Pashto, Polish, and fascinating period of research, writing, and tory of America’s neighbor to the north… and Turkish… connecting with current and former colleagues. • a VOA anchor, music editor, and musician • the announcer of VOA’s first broadcast in While some of the books discuss VOA work ex- who reflects on life’s conflicting loyalties in 1942—who was also a noted author and editor… periences and history, the majority cover every- a book described by an eminent reviewer • and the 14 VOA directors who are also pub- thing from scholarly study to fiction, photogra- as “both erudite and readable… teaches you lished authors, with some of their works in- phy, and romance – so many interests that they something.” cluding personal recollections of leading wrote about outside of their work hours. • A VOA correspondent and economics editor America’s flagship multimedia network. Within these pages, you’ll meet: who bicycled 2,500 miles through Eastern We hope you enjoy learning about the richly • eleven VOA foreign correspondents and their Europe, while off-duty, over three years in the varied bounty of books authored by current and exclusive reportage in Europe, Africa, Asia mid-1990s, meeting new friends and learn- former VOA colleagues. Enjoy! and elsewhere around the globe and in the ing how their lives were radically changed United States, including the climactic end of by the collapse of communism… the Cold War and Nigerian civil war…

ALAN L. HEIL, JR . MICHELLE D. HARRIS Former VOA Deputy Director Former VOA Public Relations Officer and Editor 36 years 26 years

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 5 Ed Alexander (third from the left) with colleagues from the VOA Armenian Service in the late 1980s.

6 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES ED ALEXANDER A CRIME OF VENGEANCE THE FREE PRESS AND PAPERBACK, IUNIVERSE, 2000, 218 PAGES.

Edward Alexander was born in 1920 in New official known to be the mastermind of the geno- OTHER BOOKS BY EDWARD ALEXANDER York of Armenian parents, attended Columbia cide perpetrated on Turkey’s Armenian citizens The Serpent and Opus, Xlibris, 2000, College (A.B. 1941) and the Columbia Graduate during World War I. During the trial, the court the Bees, University 480 pages. This novel School of Journalism (M.S. 1942). During World heard detailed accounts, including those of Press of America, 1990, is a fictional account War II he served in the Psychological Warfare eye-witnesses, recounting the ruthlessness and 279 pages. This is a of a joint search by the Division under Generals Eisenhower and Bradley scope of the massacres. Tehlirian was acquitted narrative account of the American and Soviet (1942-45). In 1949, he became the first chief of by the German jury. KGB’s 15-year relent- cultural attaches in VOA’s Armenian Service. In 1959 he entered the The book has been praised by scholars, church less pursuit of the au- Budapest for a stolen Foreign Service and served in public affairs posts officials, historians and government figures. thor in an unsuccess- Beethoven manuscript. in East and West Berlin, Hungary and Greece, and Among them: Elie Wiesel, Senator Paul Simon, ful attempt between Their motives are dif- in Washington as USIA’s Deputy Assistant Direc- Samantha Power, and Henry Morgenthau. Rog- 1963 and 1978 to per- ferent but provocative tor for the USSR and Eastern Europe. er Smith, a College of William and Mary profes- suade him to work for enough to arouse the A Crime of Vengence is a comprehensive ac- sor who was the President of the International the Soviet Union. The interest of several in- count of the 1921 murder trial in Berlin of an Association of Genocide Scholars termed A Academic Review of telligence agencies. Armenian student, Soghomon Tehlirian, who Crime of Vengeance “the best book on the Arme- Canada called it “…an assassinated Talaat Pasha, the former Turkish nian Genocide ever written.” unforgettable chron- icle… a fascinating memoir that reads like a thriller.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 7 STERLING ALFORD FAMOUS FIRST BLACKS VANTAGE PRESS, 1974, 105 PAGES.

Born in Mer Rouge, Louisiana in 1919, Sterling Alford led a colorful life before joining VOA. He was an elementary school teacher and principal in Louisiana from 1938 to 1940, and during World War II he served with the Army Air Forces in the China-Burma-India Theater. In 1966 he retired from the Air Force reserves with the rank of Major. After moving to the Washington, DC, area in 1946, he attended and grad- uated Cum Laude from Howard University, then earned a Master’s Degree in Journalism from American University. In 1955 he joined the U.S. Infor- mation Agency, then became a newswriter with Voice of America in 1956. He ended his 27-year career at VOA as deputy chief, then chief, of VOA’s Far East Asia Desk. In 1985, he received an award from the Capital Press Club, the Black counterpart to the National Press Club (which did not admit Black members until 1955). Famous First Blacks, an extremely rare book, is an extensive historical reference of Blacks who were the first to achieve various milestones – from the first Black college graduate (in 1826) to the first Black performer with his own network TV show (Nat “King” Cole in 1955). The listings are ar- ranged in categories: arts, civil rights, education, science, and politics. It was written long before the eight-year term of the first U.S. Black president, Barack Obama, or the 2016 opening of the Museum of African-American History and Arts in Washington, DC.

8 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES An excerpt from Alford’s ground-breaking book.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 9 RACHAEL BAIL ALEC TEMPLETON’S MUSIC BOXES WILFRED FUNK INC., NEW YORK, 1958, 164 PAGES.

Rachael Bail, a former Supreme Court cor- cas, Venezuela, and then Rome, where she wrote Upon coming to Washington, DC and join- respondent and feature writer at VOA, retired a society column for the Rome Daily American. ing VOA in 1975, she interviewed high-pro- in 2001 after a 26-year career at the Voice. For Back in New York, Rachael interviewed a na- file individuals including Nelson Mandela, the many years before that, she was a prolific writ- tionally known Welsh-born American blind con- Dalai Lama, Fidel Castro, Estée Lauder, and er on classical music and musicians. She was cert pianist, Alec Templeton. Alec Templeton’s Robert Redford. She served as Supreme Court an active member of the National Press Club for Music Boxes was based on that interview and correspondent and was also known to be a more than forty years. photos of the great musician’s collection of more skilled editor. Rachael was a journalist from early on, first than 100 music boxes. Templeton, a composer, As the arts were a constant area of interest, publishing her own newspaper, The Children’s disc jockey, and comedian, described his collec- Bail founded the non-profit McLean Drama Com- Star, as an eight-year-old in the small town of Ar- tion and successful career as an emcee. Videos pany (MDC) McLean, Virginia, after retiring from cadia, Florida. She was high school valedictorian, he produced over the years included Bach Goes VOA. The goal of the Company was “to present and later earned a journalism degree at Florida to Town, and two TV productions he described as and inspire dramatic writing and new American State University. “pocket-sized sonatas.” plays” by Washington, DC, area playwrights. It is She began her career as a journalist at the Dai- A reader praised the book as “Good for all now a successful, nationally-known Company, ly Times in Tampa, Florida, then moved to New collectors everywhere,” as the stories of how a leading producer of women’s work with one of York to cover the cosmetic industry for Women’s the music boxes were acquired are told with the best records of producing women-authored Wear Daily. In New York, she married concert vi- good-natured truth and humour, just enough to plays in the nation. olinist Herbert Baumel, moving with him to Cara- make it a good read.”

10 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES 75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 11 C. ROBERT BEECHAM DIRE ROAD TO THE UNTOLD: A SOLDIER OF FORTUNE MEETS HIS MATCH CREATESPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHING PLATFORM, 2017, 357 PAGES (PAPERBACK); KINDLE EDITION, 2491 KB.

Bob Beecham briefly worked for the FBI Dire Road to the Untold is a novel recounting “Some of the stories are hilarious,” says re- straight out of high school. His service was in- the adventures of a former World War II veteran viewer Richard Virden, a USIA colleague of Mr. terrupted by World War II, when he served as a and young State Department employee, Wiley Beecham. One is about “a future director of USIA frontline infantryman in Europe. After the war, Earnest Freeman. His new career pulls him from climbing through a window over a weekend to he returned to the FBI and eventually joined the familiar battlefield of wartime to the less get his first look at the headquarters of the world- the State Department. He became a Foreign clear-cut environs of Cold War conflict, where wide agency he was about to head. Who knows? Service officer with the United States Informa- things—and people—are rarely what they seem. Maybe it actually happened.” tion Agency (USIA) and served in Japan and The novel follows Freeman’s experiences and Mr. Virden concludes, “The underlying nar- Thailand. He served in VOA’s Office of Policy adventures as he meets allies, faces enemies, rative about the rise and eventual fall of that from 1969 until 1972. risks his life, and even finds a bit of romance. agency charged with ‘telling America’s story to Bob’s principal assignment during his Wash- Reader reviews have been positive. “Very in the world’ really is true, unfortunately, even if ington years was with USIA’s Office of Press and depth story line. Lot of interaction between parties,” the author exercises a lot of poetic license in his Publications (IPS). While he served as deputy of wrote Amazon reviewer Donald. Another Amazon descriptions and anecdotes. The main character, IPS, the office received a 1974 Presidential Man- reviewer, John, wrote “Where the narrative is clear Wiley Freeman, has a Forrest Gump-like habit of agement Improvement Award for implement- and personal, the author’s experience, passion and coming to the rescue at critical moments—until ing program changes he had recommended. He critical thinking emerge. In these passages, he pro- he can’t anymore... this novel gives you a lot for eventually became director of IPS and retired vides, through Wiley, a clear rationale for the United your money.” from federal service in 1979. He then founded States Information Agency, an analysis of some of and published the Chronicle of International its successes and an understanding of the politics Communication. that led to its eventual dismemberment.”

12 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES VOA listeners in Eastern Europe gather around their shortwave radio

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 13 AMANDA BENNETT THE COST OF HOPE RANDOM HOUSE, 2012, 228 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2804 KB, 2012.

In 1997, Ms. Bennett shared the Pulitzer Prize for national reporting with her Journal col- leagues. In 2001, she led an Oregonian team to a second Pulitzer for public service. Projects by the Bloomberg investigative teams under her lead- ership also have won numerous other awards. The Cost of Hope is a memoir of the battle she and her late husband, Terence B. Foley, fought when he was diagnosed as a victim of kidney cancer. According to New York Times reviewer Cathi Hanauer, “Bennett gracefully knits details of Foley’s illness—his symptoms and the partic- ulars of clinical trials, her own observation, by Amanda Bennett is a Pulitzer Prize-winning microscope, of his normal kidney cells next to author, journalist and editor who became the his cancerous ones (tiny blue dots… randomly 29th director of the Voice of America on April 18, and angrily jostling against one another”)—with 2016, her latest position in a distinguished jour- those of the couple’s family life and her jobs in nalistic career. She earlier served as executive Portland, New York, Philadelphia, and Kentucky. editor of Bloomberg News, editor of the Phila- She also weaves in her quest, after Foley’s death, delphia Inquirer and Herald-Leader in Lexington, to comprehend the medical and financial infor- Kentucky, as well as managing editor for projects mation she was too harried to deal with when he for The Oregonian in Portland, Oregon, and as a was sick.” In an era of serious debate over health Wall Street Journal reporter and editor for more insurance,the reviewer concludes, Amanda Ben- than 20 years, including a post as Beijing report- nett raises important questions. er for the Journal.

14 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES OTHER BOOKS BY AMANDA BENNETT

In Memoriam, Touch- The Man Who Stayed Death of the The Quiet Room, Your Child’s Symptoms, co-authored with Dr. stone Books, 1997, Behind, Duke Univer- Organization Man, co-authored with Lori John Garwood, Berkley Trade, 1995, 196 pages. 208 pages, co-au- sity Press, 1993, 496 Simon & Schuster, Schiller, Grand Central This comprehensive diagnosis guide to common thored with Terence B. pages. Co-authored by 1991, 270 pages. In Publishing, 1996, 228 childhood ailments provides concerned parents Foley. This practical, Amanda Bennett and her research into pages. Diagnosed as with information and reassuring advice. The innovative guide takes Sidney Rittenberg. such companies a schizophrenic when book includes easy-reference listings, handy friends and family Rittenberg joined as AT & T, Kodak, she was 23 years chapter checklists, special sections for babies through every step the Chinese Com- DuPont, IBM and old, Schiller spent under six months, and question and answer of planning a funeral munists after World Ford, author Amanda the next seven years supplements. Reviewer Steve Davies praised or memorial service. War II, remained in Bennett discovered in and out of mental the book as “very helpful—it gives an overview It also offers detailed the PRC for 35 more that life outside the institutions, surviv- of what to worry about (or not worry about). It’s advice on how to years including two corporation means ing several suicide also written clearly, with common sense and make any service imprisonments, and less money, but it attempts. Her personal intelligence. Until they start making kids with truly personal—from lived to regret his can lead to new, more account, co-authored indicator lights that go on when they need med- writing tributes and decision to stay. Rit- satisfying careers. with then-Wall Street ical attention, I’ll be giving my friends who are choosing appropriate tenberg offers insider Journal reporter Ben- new parents a copy of this book.” music to selecting impressions of Mao nett, reflects Schiller’s speakers, organizing Tse Tung, Jian Qing, diaries, as well as in- the time and place, (Mao’s hard-driving terviews with family, arranging flowers, and wife), Deng Xiao Ping, friends and doctors. much more. and other notables he In a reviewer’s words, met during his years “a stunning story of in China. courage, persistence READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF and hope.” THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 15 DR. ELEZ BIBERAJ ALBANIA AND CHINA: A STUDY OF AN UNEQUAL ALLIANCE WESTVIEW PRESS, BOULDER, 1986, 183 PAGES.

Dr. Biberaj has a Ph.D. in political science from curity Council, and other U.S., academic, and Columbia University (1985), and is a distin- non-governmental organizations—all centering guished specialist on Albania and a leading ana- on Russia and Eastern Europe. lyst of Soviet and East European affairs. Biberaj served as Secretary of State James Dr. Biberaj has written four books on Albanian Baker’s interpreter during the breakthrough visit affairs and contributed chapters to several oth- to Albania in June 1991. An estimated crowd of ers. He joined VOA as an Albanian broadcaster 250,000 people burst into applause when Elez’s in 1980, and held several posts in the former translation of Secretary Baker’s address was am- U.S. Information Agency from 1982-1986 before plified on microphones in the main plaza in Tira- returning to VOA as Albanian Service chief in na. Not only were they ecstatic because Ameri- 1986. He became the Eurasia Division Manag- ca’s top diplomat was in Tirana for the first time, ing Editor in 2004, working with the Division’s but to hear the familiar voice of a key VOA broad- other language services (Russian, Ukrainian, caster who was a household name in their coun- Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian, Greek, and Mace- try after years of VOA Albanian Service broad- donian). He was appointed Division Director casts from Washington. The Voice today has the in 2006. Dr. Biberaj has participated in con- largest audience among international broadcast- ferences at the State Department, National Se- ers in Albania, Kosovo, and former Yugoslavia.

16 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Albania and China: A Study of an Unequal rule ended, and assesses internal and external Alliance was an in-depth portrait of former dicta- pressures for change, including pro-democra- tor Enver Hoxha’s personal style of leadership and cy demonstrations and the introduction of a his realignments, over years, with Yugoslavia, the multi-party system. Soviet Union, and then China. In each instance, Albania in Transition: The Rocky Road to Hoxha’s considerations of the value of the vari- Democracy, Westview Press, 1998, 377 pages. ous unequal alliances and the international situ- Biberaj continues his trilogy in English, analyz- ation shifted. Whenever real or potential threats ing the daunting political, economic and social to Hoxha’s dominant faction became evident, the challenges in Albania’s transformation, includ- Albanian ruler opted for realignment and carried ing creation there, post-1991, of democracy and out sweeping purges of his adversaries at home. creation of a market economy. Albania and the Albanian on the Path of OTHER BOOKS BY ELEZ BIBERAJ Renewal, Tirana-based Albanian Institute of In- Albania: A Socialist Maverick, Westview ternational Studies, 2014, 424 pages. This fourth Press, 1990, 157 pages. For more than four de- Biberaj book, in Albanian, is an updated ver- cades, the Hoxha regime was one of the most sion of Elez’s earlier essays. Dr. Biberaj also has repressive communist regimes in Europe. Dr. written articles for The Encyclopedia Britannica, Biberaj examines the effects of communist rule Problems of Communism, the Wall Street Journal/ there. This book was published before Hoxha’s Europe and other widely-read publications.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 17 JOHN BIRCHARD JOCK AROUND THE CLOCK XLIBRIS CORPORATION, 2010, 86 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 851 KB, 2011.

John Birchard had a half-century career in During the 1980s, John found his second work In the words of one reviewer: “Just about ev- broadcasting, beginning with Armed Forces Ra- love, serving as the auto racing reporter for En- eryone talks about sports, but Enterprise Radio dio. He closed out his career at VOA, where for 15 terprise Radio, the first all-sports radio network. was the first to talk about sports 24/7. Crisp- years he was a news broadcaster, automotive ed- He later worked as play-by-play announcer for ly and expertly written by John Birchard, who itor, and jazz expert. He retired in 2008. car races on ESPN. worked as Enterprise’s auto racing reporter, Jock After being born and raised in Vermont and Jock Around the Clock, written after his re- Around the Clock tells the tale of that network’s later Connecticut, Mr. Birchard joined the U.S. Air tirement, takes readers back to the 1980s, a time meteoric rise and less-than-graceful fall. Enter- Force and embarked on his broadcasting career. when satellite broadcasting and the concept of prise Radio burst upon the American scene on Working days on Armed Forces Radio, and moon- sports around-the-clock, seven-days-a-week, January 1, 1981, and burned brightly but briefly, lighting as a local news anchor on radio and TV, was new. Birchard tells the story of how ESPN crashing in proverbial flames by September 24 his course was set. He earned a Bachelor’s Degree founders Bill and Scott Rasmussen, having been the same year, a victim of exorbitant salaries and in radio and television at the University of Ala- forced out of the network they founded, turned to insufficient advertising revenue. bama in the early 1960s, and returned to New En- radio to create an all-sports network, Enterprise “But ah, what a wild, strange nine-month trip gland to host jazz programs at WCCC and WTIC Radio. Drawing on personal experience as well it was! Mr. Birchard’s pithy history is full of of- in Hartford, Connecticut. He was later MC for jazz as research, the story features names familiar to ten hilarious and insightful anecdotes—a sit- concerts and festivals at Quinnipiac and at Yale American sports fans as they gather to launch com-worthy cast of characters well known to University and for the Hartford Jazz Society. As a the network. Enterprise would flash across the sports aficionados at the time: Bob Buck, Syr- freelance reporter, he wrote articles for AutoWeek, sky for a few months, then flame out – but it left acuse basketball coach Jim Boeheim and the the Hartford Courant Sunday Magazine, Connecti- behind a blueprint that has since been copied voice of the New York Yankees, John Sterling... cut Magazine, and other publications. over and over. Simply put, Jock Around the Clock is a delightful read. And it’s a “must read” for any sports junkie or student of media history.” 18 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Voice of America’s master control room has managed broadcasts to as many countries around the globe.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 19 DR. MARY G. F. BITTERMAN STAYING THE COURSE: THIRTY-FIVE YEARS OF OSHER PHILANTHROPY BERNARD OSHER FOUNDATION, 2012, 239 PAGES.

ing in national and international public broad- portage reinforced adherence to the Charter and Dr. Bitterman, an internationally-known and casting conferences and projects, and producing inspired VOA staff. distinguished public broadcasting executive, and narrating in 1977 a film for American pub- Among the other positions Dr. Bitterman has philanthropy administrator, and historian, lic television entitled China Visit—she opened held: President and CEO of The James Irvine served as the 15th director of VOA from Febru- VOA’s relationship with China and arranged the Foundation; president and CEO of KQED, one of ary 1980 until January 1981. Dr. Bitterman was first exchange of broadcasters between VOA and the major public broadcasting centers in the U.S., both the first woman and the youngest direc- China. In the aftermath of the Soviet invasion of headquartered in San Francisco; Board chair of tor of Voice of America. She had already been Afghanistan in 1979, broadcasting in Dari began the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS); chair of the youngest individual and the first woman under her direction, and, despite the U.S. boycott The Commonwealth Club of California’s Board of to head a public television station, when she of the Moscow Olympics, she insisted on deploy- Governors; director of the East West Center’s In- served as director of Hawaii Public Television ing a pair of VOA correspondents (unfortunately, stitute of Culture and Communication; and direc- at the age of 30. they were never granted visas). A bloody coup tor of the Hawaii State Department of Commerce While at VOA for a relatively brief time, she d’etat in Liberia in 1980 put more than 250 U.S. and Consumer Affairs and member of the Gover- earned the staff’s loyalty and accomplished international broadcasting personnel in danger, nor’s Cabinet. much during an internationally tumultuous time. and later in 1980 VOA broadcasting to Poland Since 2004, Bitterman has been president of Building on her contacts and experience from was jammed in response to the rise of the Sol- The Bernard Osher Foundation, a San Francis- Hawaii and the Asia-Pacific region—chairing the idarity trade union. Her steadfast commitment co-based philanthropic organization. A deep East-West Center’s Board of Governors, serving to and defense of objective, worldwide Voice re- believer in lifelong learning in all its forms, Dr. on CULCON’s television subcommittee, engag-

20 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

Bitterman has led the Foundation’s efforts to grams for seasoned adults. Beneficiaries in the integrative medicine programs. The National enhance quality of life by supporting higher Washington DC area include American Univer- Resource Center for Osher Institutes is situated education and the arts. The arts, including cul- sity in the nation’s capital, George Mason Uni- at Northwestern University in Chicago, and the tural exhibitions and performances as well as versity in Northern Virginia, and Johns Hopkins Coordinating Center for Osher Integrative Medi- postsecondary scholarships have been integral University and Towson University in Maryland. cine is located at the University of California San to the Foundation’s grant-making since its start Staying the Course: Thirty-five Years of Francisco (UCSF). in 1977. Since 2005, scholarship emphasis has Osher Philanthropy is an authoritative account Dr. Bitterman certainly practices what she been placed on returning students eager to pur- of the Foundation’s vision, mission, and develop- advocates – she holds a B.A. from Santa Clara sue baccalaureate degrees at institutions of high- ment over nearly four decades. It describes the University (with her junior year matriculating at er education across the United States. In 1997, rationale for focused grant-making in the areas Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Ser- the Foundation began supporting integrative of higher education and the arts and offers a tem- vice), an M.A. and a Ph.D. from Bryn Mawr Col- medicine programs at select medical schools to plate for grant-making in an effective, econom- lege, and honorary doctorates from Dominican promote improved health and well-being. There ically efficient manner. Because the Foundation University of California, Santa Clara University, are now six Osher Centers for Integrative Medi- is a “spend-down foundation,” it has endowed and the University of Richmond. cine in the U.S. and Sweden. The Osher Lifelong organizations that will provide “connective tis- Learning Institute program, begun in 2001, as- sue” in perpetuity for communication, collabora- sists more than 120 colleges and universities in tion, and professional development between and America in hosting continuing education pro- among the grantees in the lifelong learning and

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 21 F. SCOTT BOBB HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, 3RD EDITION SCARECROW PRESS, 2010, 716 PAGES (CO-AUTHORED WITH CONGO-BORN FRANCOIS KISANGANI, HEAD OF THE POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AT KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY IN MANHATTAN, KANSAS. PART OF THE SERIES “HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF AFRICA”)

Scott Bobb is the sole author of the first two edi- and has both dominated central Africa and been tions of this history (published as the Historical greatly affected by the region as well. It has been Dictionary of Zaire in 1988). The son of mission- the scene of one of the world’s most tragic civil aries in Congo, Bobb has reported on and writ- wars, and as one reviewer said, security remains en about the Democratic Republic of the Congo today a distant dream. This latest edition of the (previously Zaire) since the 1970s. He was a for- Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Repub- mer chief of the VOA Central Newsroom and an lic of the Congo reviews the nearly 48 years of award-winning VOA foreign correspondent who independence following more than a century of for years covered Africa, South America, South colonial rule by Belgium. It also documents even and East Asia, and the Middle East. Before retiring earlier kingdoms and groups that shared the ter- in 2015, Bobb provided distinguished multimedia ritory. It features a chronology, an introductory coverage of refugee camps in southern Turkey essay, a bibliography, and more than 800 and front-line reportage from Aleppo and other cross-referenced dictionary entries on civil wars, cities in Syria devastated by civil war. In 2016, mutinies, and notable people, places, events Scott came out of retirement to serve as the ad and cultural practices in what is now known as the interim chief of French to Africa in VOA’s Africa DRC. Division. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is one of Africa’s largest countries in land area,

22 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES FRED BROWN MY FAMILY, MY LIFE: TRIBULATIONS, TOGETHERNESS, AND TRAVELS MEADVILLE PUBLISHING, 2013, 429 PAGES.

Fred Brown was a distinguished VOA foreign Fred gives full credit to his wife Sally and their correspondent for 30 years, serving in Lagos, Ni- children for the support they always showed for geria, Beirut, Lebanon, and most notably in New his work, wherever they were posted. That partic- Delhi, India, where the Browns’ residence was a ularly was the case in New Delhi, where as region- regular meeting place for foreign correspondents al VOA correspondent on a trip to Pakistan in early covering the subcontinent. April 1979, he noted that the lights in a state pris- Mr. Brown’s favorite reportorial triumph came in on were on unusually late. As Brown suspected, Nigeria in mid-March 1970, when he and Agence it signaled the execution by hanging a few hours France Press broke the story of the end of the civil later of Pakistan’s imprisoned former president, war that had ravaged that country for a number of Zulficar Ali Bhutto, and Fred followed up imme- years. In My Family, My Life, Fred describes the diately to confirm his suspicions of the execution key conversation with rebel leader Major Gener- and filed the story to VOA Washington moments al Philip Effiong that signaled the end of the war. later. General Effiong told VOA and AFP: “Biafra no lon- “This memoir,” he said, “is my attempt to reflect ger exists.” That was the name of the country the on the circumstances of my life and to provide in- rebellion had hoped to create. formation about my family history to those who come after me.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 23 DR. JOHN B. BUESCHER ECHOES FROM AN EMPTY SKY: THE ORIGIN OF THE BUDDHIST DOCTRINE OF TWO TRUTHS SNOW LION PAPERBACK, 2005; KINDLE EDITION, 2218 KB, 2005.

Dr. John Buescher is a prominent scholar of especially impressed that VOA broadcast what- Buddhism and a Tibetan language specialist ever the news was, no matter who or what might who launched VOA’s Tibetan Service in 1990. be put in a bad light. One listener wrote: “We are He led the Service until his retirement from the overjoyed on hearing your program. As a Tibet- Voice in 2007. The Dalai Lama, who regular- an saying goes: ‘Peacocks dance with happiness ly listens to and has described VOA Tibetan as when hearing thunder’.” “his daily medicine,” granted his first interna- John obtained his Ph.D. in religious studies tional radio and TV interviews in Tibetan to VOA from the University of Virginia, centered on a and visited Washington headquarters during comparative study of Buddhism and Christiani- John Buescher’s years as service chief. The Ti- ty. Later he served as assistant professor in the betan Service greatly expanded its schedule as Department of Philosophy and Religion at the the leading international broadcaster in Tibet University of North Carolina (Wilmington), and during that time, covering news of and about Ti- as a program officer for the National Endowment bet, the exile community, the U.S., and the world. for the Humanities as well as the Library of Con- “Our watchwords,” Buescher said, “are accuracy, gress in Washington, DC. comprehensiveness and balance.” Echoes from an Empty Sky focuses on the two The audience in Tibet, elsewhere in the re- doctrines of Buddhism—conventional truths and gion, and at the Dalai Lama’s exile home base, ultimate truths. “Early on in the history of the Dharamsala, India, responded enthusiastically. faith,” said one publisher’s review, “Buddhists They wrote or sent messages saying they were struggled to reconcile apparent contradictions

24 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES OTHER BOOKS BY JOHN BUESCHER

The Remarkable Life of John Murray Spear: Agitator for the Spirit Land, University of No- tre Dame Press, 2006, 384 pages. Stephen D. Andrews of Indiana University writes: “Ground- within the sayings of the Buddha.” Buddhist phi- ed in seldom-used primary sources, this is a losophers have made them central to the elabo- rigorously researched, clearly written, and fas- ration of “a higher teaching” that explains how cinating biography of an important 19th cen- the mind apprehends and misapprehends the tury radical... a valuable and necessary step to world. In the words of the publisher: “It is through uncover the lived experience of spiritualism.” the two truths that we understand how the mind attaches itself to objects having no intrinsic ex- The Other Side of Salvation: Spiritualism istence, thereby creating suffering.” and the Nineteenth Century Experience, In the words of Donald S. Lopez Jr., professor of Skinner House Books, 2004, 281 pages. As au- Buddhist and Tibetan Studies at the University thor/scholar Buescher himself puts it: “You like- of Michigan: “Echoes from an Empty Sky offers a ly have never heard of the extraordinary charac- clear and accessible translation of an early 19th ters who inhabit these pages. But after reading century Tibetan overview of the two truths. In a about them, you may wonder how we developed substantial introduction, he traces the history of the blind spot in which these people have been the relation between language and truth in an- made invisible.” As one reviewer explained: cient India, focusing especially on the ultimate “Many of the radical leaders of the anti-slavery, nature of the Buddha’s words.” As the 6th and 5th women’s rights, temperance, prison and labor century B.C. religious leader put it: “To walk safe- reform movements were spiritualists and con- ly through the maze of human life, one needs the sidered spiritualism as a conduit for social and light of wisdom and the guidance of virtue.” political change.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 25 ROBERT E. BUTTON

Robert E. Button served as director of VOA ENIGMA IN MANY KEYS from 1956 to 1958. IUNIVERSE, INC, 2004, HARDCOVER, 206 PAGES; PAPERBACK, 222 PAGES.

Robert E. Button, a Dartmouth graduate and swing-band leader, served as Director of the Voice of America from 1956 to 1958. Born and raised in Maplewood, New Jersey, Mr. Button wore many hats throughout his life, driven by his multi-faced interests in music, communications, and writing. He obtained a law degree, worked in media, and received eight military decorations. Mr. Button even lent his expertise to help crack the Enigma code in World War II. In later years, he became a published writer of travel articles, cultural and political commentaries, and musical scores for choral and popular music. At NBC, where Button worked both before and after the war, he oversaw early efforts to pro- duce and sell television programs. As a brand- new advertising salesman, he landed the first commercials for the TV shows “Today” and “This Is Your Life.” His career in government service began at the Defense Office of Special Operations, continued through his time at VOA and into the Foreign Service, where he served as public affairs assistant to the Paris-based U.S. ambassador to NATO from 1958-1964. He was an executive at COMSAT, Teleprompter Corporation, and American Transcommunica- tions Corporation, which he co-founded and led. He developed television infrastructures both domestically and later in Nepal. Mr. Button met his wife Decima on Christmas Day 1942 in England, when U.S. troops were in- vited to English homes to celebrate the holiday. Drawn together by their shared love of music,

26 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

Button first became Decima’s pianist, then hus- and original songs, and prompted a friendly ri- their lives, often entrusting to us insights about band when they married in 1945. The swing valry that engendered friendliness and camara- the personal and political complexities of their band he later led, aptly named the Bob Button derie, knitting over previous breaches and lifting experience in America.” Orchestra, was but one of his musical ventures: morale. It was also during Button’s directorship Enigma in Many Keys recounts Button’s expe- he also led a 24-voice male chorus, and a ladies that President Eisenhower, with whom he was riences throughout his dynamic life and work, sextet by the name of Button and Bows. acquainted from wartime, visited VOA. After including his time spent in Bletchley Park, En- In 2004, he published his autobiography Button toured the pres- gland as a member of the team that cracked Enigma in Many Keys, which chronicles his ident around VOA, he the German Enigma code, a cipher used by Axis many military and professional accomplish- recalled Eisenhower powers in World War II which took more than a ments, including his time at VOA. The adventures saying, “I had no idea decade to crack. detailed in the book include a run-in with a “boo- that we were doing all According to Peter Wescombe, Trustee of the by-trapped” piano and Button’s work with mili- this,” and that Eisen- Bletchley Park Trust, “Enigma in Many Keys tary luminaries including Generals Omar Bradley, hower’s interest in VOA complements other war memoirs- its focus George S. Patton, and Dwight D. Eisenhower. continued throughout takes us away from the brutal tragedies of bat- In 1956, Button was tapped to lead VOA in his presidency. tle. Rich descriptions and keen insights result the aftermath of the destructive attacks of the Robert Button’s time from the author’s access to important people McCarthy era, which had left the broadcasting at VOA also left an in- and places… remarkable letters, by a soldier in agency with deep divisions and incredibly low grained impression his 20’s, are perceptive and detailed… a unique morale. In his words, he was selected because on his family. When account of the war… and a welcome addition to he was “nonpolitical, broadcast-oriented, with writing her own book the World War II canon.” added assets such as military and intelligence more than 40 years Fascinating as Button’s wartime experienc- experience as a kind of endorsement or insur- later, daughter Mar- es are, his book goes well beyond those years ance of a right attitude against both McCar- ilyn wrote, “Some of to lay out his remarkable life in its entirety. thyism and communism.” At that time, VOA my earliest childhood Patrick Townsend, author of Five-Star Leader- had just begun limited TV operations, and was memories include din- ship, wrote “Robert Button is someone who ac- broadcasting radio programs in 45 languages, ner parties for friends tually had something measurable to do with the encompassing news, current events, entertain- and employees of the way our world is today: an American citizen-sol- ment, and U.S. foreign policy. Voice of America, for which my father was then dier at the heart of the Allied effort in Europe; a Button reverted to his first love – music – in director (1956-1958), at our home in Arlington, diplomat who directed Voice of America and working to improve the atmosphere at VOA. Virginia. Guests brought their native dishes of served at the nascent NATO headquarters; an en- He found a common love of music in all the Indian curry, Korean spare ribs, or French escar- trepreneur who spotted the potential of emerg- Language Services and instituted an elaborate got. We enjoyed their native costumes, songs, ing satellite technology. He is a gifted storyteller multinational musical revue. It included skits and language. They shared their culture and with a fascinating story to tell.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 27 AMBASSADOR RICHARD W. CARLSON SNATCHING HILLARY: A SATIRICAL NOVEL TULIP HILL PUBLISHING, 2014, 234 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 515 KB, 2014. CO-AUTHORED WITH BILL COWAN, FOX NEWS MILITARY ANALYST AND CONTRIBUTOR.

Dick Carlson was the 20th director of the Voice a George Foster Peabody award. He has an hon- of America, from November 1986 to September orary doctorate of law degree from the California 1991 (as well as acting director for a year and a Western School of Law in San Diego. half before his confirmation). He subsequently Snatching Hillary: A Satirical Novel is, ac- served for two years as U.S. ambassador to the cording to reviewer Fred Gedrich (December Seychelles and then became chief executive of- 2014) “a delightful read. The book is loaded with ficer of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting familiar names and places and keeps the reader for six years, overseeing NPR and the Public in suspense to the very end. The plot focuses on Broadcasting Service. Ambassador Carlson also Hillary Clinton’s presidential quest—and a fic- was president and the CEO of King World Public tional kidnapping of her by two rogues during Televisions, syndicator of Oprah, Wheel of For- a DC fundraiser. The authors artfully present tune, and Jeopardy, and subsequently was vice the knee-jerk responses to the kidnapping of an chairman of the Foundation for the Defense of adoring press and other Washington powerbro- Democracies for eight years. Nationally-known kers inside and outside of the Obama administra- journalist Carlson was a print journalist, TV and tion. They conclude the plot by shocking readers radio correspondent, and talk show host. Over with a famous female personality other than Hil- the years, Mr. Carlson produced or contributed lary who gets sworn in as president. Overall, it’s to documentaries for NBC and CBS, and was a a terrific book and an easy read.” frequent panelist on ABC’s Issues and Answers. Another reviewer, Barry Fulton, agrees. “I give He received more than a dozen national media it five stars,” he says. “I’m betting you will too— awards, including four Golden Mike awards and unless you take your politics too seriously.”

28 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES OTHER BOOKS BY RICHARD CARLSON Free and Fair: The Election of Nelson Mandela in South Africa, Tulip Hill Publishing, 1975, 100 pages, based on Mr. Carlson’s firsthand observation of the events surrounding the first free election in South Africa in 1975. He was there as a U.N. observer for three weeks.

Women in San Diego’s History, The San Diego Historical Society, 1977, 48 pages. Long-time resident Carlson takes a look at the remarkable contribu- tions made by women spanning 150 years of the California city’s growth. This book was made into a TV documentary of the same name, also written and narrated by Mr. Carlson and shown in Southern California.

Why Dogs Talk on Christmas Eve, 2015, 25 pages. This small, charm- ing book of prose and paintings gives life to the centuries-old belief that dogs can speak on Christmas Eve because of one stray dog’s proximity to Christ’s birth in a stable in Bethlehem.

READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 29 LINDA CASHDAN IT’S ONLY LOVE THORNDIKE PRESS, 1993, 554 PAGES.

Veteran journalist Linda Cashdan worked at VOA for more than three de- cades as economics correspondent, features writer, and on-air broadcaster. The title It’s Only Love is drawn from the title of a 1968 Beatles Song, and the fictional work is inspired by Cashdan’s trip for VOA in the late 1980s to cover the then-new hi-tech ring surrounding Boston. She was struck by the new age, tech-oriented businesses popping up around a previously poor area. Her novel is about a teenage romance that occurred there in 1968, broke up, and was re-visited by each of the two participants who happened to return to Boston 21 years later. It’s only at the end of the novel that read- ers find out what really happened in 1968. It was a Book of the Month Club selection in 1993 and called “the best love story of the summer”. According to a Publisher’s Weekly review, “Cashdan has a warm, smooth, narrative style, and she displays a particular flair for characterization.” Cashdan’s first novel,Special Interests, was published by St. Martin’s Press, 1990, and this account of a fictional radio reporter and colleagues was drawn from her VOA coverage of trade hearings in the 1980s. As the Washington Post put it: “Cashdan can tell a tale and keep readers turning the page.”

30 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES BOB CHANCELLOR PIECES OF STRING TOO SHORT TO SAVE: A MEMOIR ABOUT LIFE, JOURNALISM AND THE FOREIGN SERVICE CREATESPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHING PLATFORM, 2011, 226 PAGES.

Bob Chancellor was a foreign correspondent and senior ed- Voice of America foreign correspondent, the craziness (both itor for VOA from 1963 to 1989, reporting and broadcasting good and bad) involved in raising a family in multiple cul- from Southeast Asia, Israel, East Africa, South Africa, Tex- tures and continents, and the essential role of his wife and as, and the Southwest U.S. The family lived in six countries “best friend” Linda in his success. From the U.S. to Asia to and he reported from more than 35 countries. Chancellor ex- Africa to the Middle East, Chancellor moves through some plains that his book began as an exercise to tell about his of the most significant places and events of the late 20th family’s adventurous life. As he and his friends reviewed century, giving the reader an insider’s take on the Vietnam each draft, he began to think it might be interesting to peo- War, East Africa under Kenyatta and Idi Amin, Arab-Israeli ple outside the family also, so he published it more widely. tensions, and life under South African apartheid, to name but And it was of wider interest, as readers thoroughly enjoyed a few. In the U.S., Chancellor was in the thick of Presiden- tales of the family’s adventures as well as the challenges of tial politics, Watergate, immigration policy, the Challenger journalism in the time before computers, the Internet, and space shuttle tragedy, and much, much more. With both hu- cell phones. One reader wrote that he was “particularly fas- mor and a passion for truth, this is the story of a life well lived cinated by Mr. Chancellor’s relationship with the news busi- and a book of adventures well told.” ness, from delivering the paper when he was a kid to working “Clearly rooted in mid-20th-century Americana,” read an- as a foreign correspondent and career Foreign Service Offi- other review, “this book has relevance to historians of Amer- cer for the Voice of America.” ican diplomacy, radio historians and enthusiasts, and arm- Another’s review: “Though written as a memoir for family chair to actual travelers of Southeast Asia, Africa and the and friends, Bob Chancellor’s Pieces of String Too Short to Middle East.” Save transcends that genre with tales from a most extraordi- nary life. These pages reveal the nitty-gritty of working as a

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 31 JOHN CHANCELLOR PERIL AND PROMISE: A COMMENTARY ON AMERICA HARPERCOLLINS, 1990, 176 PAGES. IT WAS PUBLISHED IN THREE EDITIONS, THE LAST RELEASED IN APRIL 2016.

JOHN CHANCELLOR (1927-1996) BECAME NATIONALLY KNOWN ON NBC’S NIGHTLY NEWS AFTER SERVING AS HOST OF THE TODAY SHOW FROM 1961-1962. PRESIDENT JOHNSON APPOINTED HIM TO BE VOICE OF AMERICA DIRECTOR IN 1965, WHERE HE SERVED UNTIL NBC RECALLED HIM WHEN THE MIDDLE EAST WAR ERUPTED IN JUNE 1967.

32 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES As the 11th VOA director, Chancellor was fa- that the United States is uniquely positioned to The NEW News Business: A Guide to mously quoted as saying: “There’s a peculiar maintain its place as a world leader in spite of Writing and Reporting, Perennial, 1995, 208 kind of ramshackle excellence about the Voice of social and economic problems.” pages, co-authored with veteran Pulitzer America... it was like walking into a stately build- The latest edited version of Peril and Promise, Prize-winning Associated Press reporter Wal- ing to find the residents holding up the walls published eight months before the November ter R. Mears. In the words of one reviewer: “Two with broomsticks while carrying on a terrific ar- 2016 election, also paints quite a different pic- veteran newsmen take readers inside the news gument...” On the eve of his return to commercial ture of American politics, according to one re- business, both print and broadcasting, and dis- broadcasting, Chancellor said: “Our assignment viewer: “Fearing that the country has been over- cuss the exciting new developments that have is to bring the bright dream of a new day into the taken by foreign competition, many Americans occurred in the past decade.” These included dark corners of the world... that is what the Voice believe the future of their country is endangered. the presidencies of Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, of America means to me.” In this hard-hitting, unorthodox book, we learn Jimmy Carter and the early years of the Ronald In 1990, a review of Peril and Promise: A Com- how the United States got into trouble and how a Reagan administration. mentary on America summarized Chancellor’s return to the wartime spirit of sacrifice and com- book this way: “A senior political analyst argues mitment can help us turn things around.”

READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 33 WILLIS CONOVER LOVECRAFT AT LAST (WITH H.P. LOVECRAFT) MISKATONIC UNIVERSITY CLASSICS, CARROLLTON-CLARK PUBLISHING, 1975, 272 PAGES; COOPER SQUARE PUBLISHERS, 2002, 312 PAGES. BOTH EDITIONS HARDCOVER.

More well-known internationally than within the U.S., Willis much of his time listening to music, sketching, and reading. Conover had superstar appeal. Known as America’s “ambas- These enabled him to maintain a consistent “world” despite sador of jazz,” Conover attracted accolades and large crowds the moves. As a teenager, he was enthralled by stories of the when he appeared at concerts and festivals in such countries fantastic and the occult. In the early 1930s, he encountered as Poland, Russia, Brazil, and India. In addition, his popularity magazines catering to this proclivity, including Astounding grew rapidly with audiences, particularly those in countries be- Stories and Weird Tales. Willis began to write “fan letters” to the hind the Iron Curtain, providing musicians there with a vibrant magazines, and eagerly checked each month to see if one of his link to jazz. Through his radio show Jazz Hour, Conover featured letters was published. In these days of letter-writing, it didn’t world-famous jazz artists including Dizzy Gillespie, Duke take long until he and a group of other young fans wrote each Ellington, Sara Vaughn, Louis Armstrong, and Ella Fitzgerald in other regularly and planned to publish their own magazine – both conversational interviews and on-air performances. the Science-Fantasy Correspondent, with Willis as editor. Conover lived an independent lifestyle that carried over To enhance the content of the magazine, he solicited material into his work. He insisted on remaining a contractor instead from published writers in exchange for a free subscription. of becoming a government employee, so he negotiated a new While he did hear from several writers and even received pub- contract for each of the 40 years he was at VOA. Remaining a lishable material from some, his most fruitful correspondence contractor allowed him to retain control of his schedule and was with H. P. Lovecraft. From 1936 until Lovecraft’s death the take advantage of other work opportunities, while also ensuring following year, 15-year-old Conover and 45-year-old Lovecraft, control over his program. Individualistic and self-sufficient, writer of the mysterious and the supernatural, corresponded Conover only used selections from his personal music library at length and with depth and regularity. This correspondence and self-produced his own shows. He never used a replacement forms the basis of Conover’s book Lovecraft at Last. or co-host; when away on trips, he aired several pre-produced Lovecraft’s cousin Ethel Phillips Morrish asked Conover to new programs mixed with carefully selected repeat broadcasts publish the letters to add clearer insight into the writer. Willis to fill his broadcast times. agreed and in 1975 he published the correspondence in a Willis Clark Conover, Jr. grew up as the oldest son of an army handsome book with plenty of context and personal stories officer. The family moved frequently, and the shy Willis spent framing color reproductions of Lovecraft’s letters, poems, and

34 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES other writings. In a Foreword, former president of Sarah Lawrence College Dr. Robert Taylor wrote ”Everything about this book is extraordinary,” and “We owe to the young man and his mentor a full debt of gratitude for having supplied the material in this book for the enrichment and understanding of the work of a true American original.” Former VOA director John Chancellor, a friend of Conover, wrote his own introductory note, part of which read “(Yet) Lovecraft himself is to many of us as mysterious as one of his own fictional presences. But not to Willis Conover, who engaged in a remarkable correspondence with Lovecraft before the writer left this world to join whatever shades may be in the other. That correspondence, along with the devotion and scholarship which Conover brought to his task, has produced this extraordinary book.”

Willis Conover, far right, with Frank Shakespeare, the director of USIA, at the White House celebration of Duke Ellington’s 70 birthday on April 29, 1969.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 35 GEOFFREY COWAN LET THE PEOPLE RULE: THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND THE BIRTH OF THE PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY W.W. NORTON & COMPANY, 2016, 448 PAGES.

Geoffrey Cowan has been a leader in the communications and public pol- icy arenas for more than 40 years. He has served as an attorney, as VOA’s 22nd Director (1994-1996), as a distinguished professor, as dean of the USC’s Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism (1996-2007), and as former president of The Annenberg Foundation Trust at Sunnylands, California, a retreat center for meetings of heads of state and prominent scholars. VOA runs in his family, as his father was VOA’s second director, and his sister wrote a classic study of VOA’s founding and early years (see Epilogue). Geoff Cowan is himself a best-selling author. In a review, Harvard Law School Dean Martha Minow wrote Let the Peo- ple Rule is “a lively and detailed history... besides the sheer action afforded by the vivid narrative and larger than life personalities, this book offers ob- vious parallels with current political fights and illuminates their origins.”

36 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES OTHER WORKS BY GEOFFREY COWAN READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

See No Evil, The The People v. Clar- Top Secret: The Battle for the Pentagon Papers, (a play available on audio Backstage Battle ence Darrow: The and co-authored with Leroy Aarons), Los Angeles Theater Works, 1999. over Sex and Vio- Bribery Trial of Amer- This drama, reissued in 2008 in a revised 1 hour and 56 minute audio lence in Television, ica’s Greatest Lawyer, cassette, had been presented in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) as Simon & Schuster, Crown Publishers, a U.S. State Department cultural presentation. An audience of younger 1979, and paperback 1994, 546 pages. Chinese theatergoers in Guangzhou applauded enthusiastically when the from Touchstone, Publisher review: actor portraying the former publisher of the Washington Post Katherine 1980, both 324 pages. “Claiming that Dar- Graham told editors: “Run it!” The PRC jammed two attempts by VOA to Kirkus reviews: row’s autobiography rebroadcast the drama. “A vivid personal and other accounts account of network have ‘sugarcoated’ the censorship struggles legendary attorney’s ... the latest on the most dramatic and free speech vs. traumatic case, Cowan moral responsibility reconstructs the 1912 scrimmage.” trial in which Dar- row was acquitted.... “Cowan,” the reviewer wrote, “moves his story briskly and forcefully.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 37 NEIL CURRIE THE STANSTEAD INCIDENT: A NOVEL OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND NATIONAL SECURITY BERWICK BOOKS, 2015, 323 PAGES.

Neil Currie was a longtime editor and news anchor for VOA, Congressional correspondent for Westinghouse Broadcasting, and writer for ABC News. A fast-paced fictional novel,The Stanstead Incident is summarized by the publisher: “When bombs rock Montreal, a domestic political conflict over a renewed call for Quebec independence becomes an internation- al terrorist threat with repercussions from Parliament Hill to the White House and from a provincial farmhouse to the weekend retreat of the French president.”

Reader review on Amazon.com: “The Stanstead Incident is a fictional page-turner with all of the elements you expect in a thriller, but with the added feature of international intrigue centered on America’s underappre- ciated northern neighbor, Canada. Currie has created a raft of memorable characters, particularly Marie-Paule Fraser, a woman as mysterious and puzzling as the bombings at the heart of the ‘incident.’ Besides a thor- oughly enjoyable read, I gained a new understanding of Canada, a nation with which we share more than just a very long border.”

38 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES OTHER BOOKS BY GEORGE CZUCZKA

GEORGE CZUCZKA IMPRINTS OF THE FUTURE: POLITICS AND INDIVIDUATION IN OUR OWN TIME THE FREE PRESS AND PAPERBACK, IUNIVERSE, 2000, BOTH 218 PAGES.

George Czuczka, born in Vienna, Austria, in 1925, Imprints of the Future draws much of its inspi- Toward a Philosophy Moshe Dayan: Die is best known as a retired American foreign ser- ration from the life and teachings of Swiss psy- of Praxis, Crossroad Gaschichte meines vice officer. He served in Germany, Austria, and chiatrist Carl Jung (1875-1961). In the words of Publishing Company, Lebens (The Stories India during a 24-year career that also included Ann B. Ulanov, in a foreword to this work: “Few New York, 1981, 160 of My Life) by Moshe nine years as an editor, writer, and correspondent books address the political scene by focusing pages, co-edited with Dayan, the celebrated for VOA in New York and Washington, and four on its psychodynamics, which some of us see Alfred Bloch. This soldier and defense years with RIAS (Radio in the American Sector) as a major need. A solid diagnosis of the world’s work compiles central minister of Israel. This in Berlin. A scholar-philosopher and student of re- present political and spiritual life (World War II passages and core autobiography was ligion, George served in official U.S. capacities in and early Cold War years), Imprints of the Future arguments from four translated from En- several major international conferences on arms is a prescription for curing those ills based on major works and early glish into German by control and nuclear policy over the years. the Jungian harmonization of the dark and pontifical homilies of George Czuczka and light elements in the individual psyche, and a Pope John Paul II on published by Molden real hope for a more nearly free and just world.” humanistic and ethi- Verlag, Vienna, As Senator Claiborne Pell of Rhode Island put cal themes, on which in 1976. it, George Czucka’s book is “a carefully crafted the Pope reflects in all statement of the inevitable need for and con- his writings. sequences of personal spiritual evolution and growth.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 39 DR. ISMAIL DAHIYAT AVICENNA’S COMMENTARY ON THE POETICS OF ARISTOTLE: A CRITICAL STUDY WITH AN ANNOTATED TRANSLATION E.J. BRILL, LEIDEN, THE NETHERLANDS, 1974, 126 PAGES.

Born and raised in Jordan, Dr. Dahiyat had a and Islam, and religion in conflict and literature. As Dr. Dahiyat put in the preface to his English distinguished 40-year career at VOA beginning in This latter interest and Ismail’s mastery of classi- language translation of Avicenna’s analysis of 1974. Initially hired as a broadcaster in the Arabic cal Arabic led him to write Avicenna’s Commen- Poetics: “I study the Commentary (Avicenna’s) in Service, for the last decade and a half of his career tary on the Poetics of Aristotle at the conclusion order to establish its historical background and he was director of the South and Central Asia (pre- of his studies abroad. the factors that led to its composition…I present viously Middle East) Division. Aristotle (384-322 BC) examined tragic and an annotated translation of the commentary from Before joining VOA, Ismail graduated from uni- epic poetry of his era, among his many contribu- Arabic to English – something not attempted be- versities in Jordan and Iraq with B.S. degrees. He tions of signal importance throughout the ages. fore.” The translation, according to Dr. Dahiyat, later earned an M.A. in International Relations at One of his classic works, Poetics, focused on tragic has also been checked against the Greek orig- Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Ser- and epic poetry, rhythm and harmony, separately inal and against the English translation of the vice in Washington, DC, and a Ph.D. in English and or in combination. In the era preceding the Re- Arabic words. Comparative Literature at the State University of naissance, Arabic thinkers such as Avicenna (Ibn Dr. Dahiyat’s book is widely cited as a source New York, Binghamton, NY. Before and during his Sīnā in Arabic, 980-1037 AD) analyzed Aristotle’s for other works, and a review of Avicenna’s Com- tenure at VOA, Dr. Dahiyat taught at Binghamton writings, along with many other ancient philoso- mentary in the Cambridge University Press in University, the University of Jordan, and George- phers of the Greek classical period. Avicenna’s fo- 1975 said it “…is an interesting and, in my opinion, town University. cus on Poetics was an early milestone in the Gold- valuable addition to the scholarship generated by Dr. Dahiyat is a specialist on the Middle East, en Age of Arabic education and thought, and later the theme ‘Greek into Arabic’.” the Arab-Israeli conflict, Arab-American affairs influenced philosophers of the West.

40 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES American poet Carl Sandburg read verses over the Voice of America, 1962

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 41 JOHN CHARLES DALY TERRORISM: WHAT SHOULD OUR RESPONSE BE? AMERICAN ENTERPRISE PRESS, 1982, 25 PAGES.

John Charles Daly was VOA’s 12th director, Sunday Morning What’s My Line? featured four of reaction to the conflict and to U.N. Resolution serving from September 1967 until June of the blindfolded panelists challenged to identify a fa- 242, which was adopted unanimously by the following year. He came to the Voice after more mous guest through yes or no questions as mil- Security Council in November 1967. than three decades as a distinguished, national- lions of Americans watched. Among the guests: As VOA Director Mr. Daly testified before the ly-known journalist and TV host. He was a grad- former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, artist Sal- House Foreign Affairs Committee, saying, “VOA’s uate of Boston College and served two years as vador Dali, contralto singer Marian Anderson, most precious possession is, and will be, its a transit company worker in Washington, DC playwright Noel Coward, and Supreme Court credibility. In these days of explosive commu- during the height of the Great Depression. Justice William O. Douglas. nication, may I say, it is sheer folly to presume Mr. Daly first joined NBC as a radio reporter According to Washington Post writer Robert one can manipulate, or withhold, information to in Washington, then in 1937 signed on at CBS. E. Tomasson, when Mr. Daly agreed to take the make propaganda.” He soon was promoted to White House cor- job of What’s My Line? in 1950, “he was told it After retiring from network TV and the Voice, respondent and special events reporter. On would last about six months. Its long life and his Mr. Daly became an active moderator of current December 7, 1941, he interrupted a music pro- popularity on the show led to a vice-presidency affairs events for the American Enterprise In- gram to become the first national correspondent at ABC in charge of news, special events, public stitute (AEI). These programs drew on a host of to report that Japan had bombed Pearl Harbor; affairs, religious programs and sports.” He was VIPs and prominent scholars Daly had cultivat- a few years later (April 12, 1945) Daly was first the first TV anchor of an ABC evening newscast ed throughout his career. Session transcriptions to announce wire service reports of President (1954-1960) and even an occasional substitute led to the publication (and later audio versions) Franklin Roosevelt’s death. host for NBC’s Today Show. Between 1954 and of the well-researched and thoughtfully dis- During World War II, Mr. Daly’s assignments 1962, he won three Peabody awards, an Emmy, cussed programs on contemporary issues. for CBS included on-scene reporting from Lon- and a Golden Globe. Terrorism: What Should Our Response Be? don, the Middle East, Italy, and the D-Day land- Although Mr. Daly’s time at VOA was less featured Yonah Alexander, terrorism expert at ings in France. In February 1950, he switched than a year, he stood firmly behind its guiding the State University of New York and editor of from news to entertainment, becoming the host principle to be for global audiences a source of the journal “Terrorism”. Other participants: for- of What’s My Line? aired by CBS TV. That high- accurate, objective and comprehensive news mer attorney general Ramsey Clark; former pro- ly acclaimed celebrity game show ran for 17 about America and the world. His tenure began fessor of political science and Senator, John East years and John Charles Daly was ranked as one just weeks after the 1967 June war in the Middle (R-NC); and Frank H. Perez, then acting direc- of American TV’s most popular anchors. Each East, and John Charles Daly led VOA’s coverage tor of the State Department Office of Terrorism.

42 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

Some questions they explored: should there be an international court with jurisdiction over ter- rorists? Should the CIA and FBI have a freer hand to deal with terrorists? Will technology provide countermeasures against them? What should U.S. policy be on hostage-takers? Altogether, John Charles Daly edited or co-au- thored AEI forums and produced book-like tran- scripts and/or audio versions on other contem- porary issues. All were published by AEI, and include: • Affirmative Action and the Constitution, 1987, 36 pages. • Forming a Government Under the Constitution, 1985, 28 pages. • President Versus Congress: Does Separation of Powers Still Work?, 1981, 27 pages. • Revitalizing America: What are the Prospects?, 1981, 33 pages. • Africa: U.S. Policy at a Crossroads, 1979, 36 pages. • The Future of Chinese-American Relations, 1979, 35 pages. • The Role of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in National Policy, 1978, 42 pages. • The Future of the United Nations, 1976, 48 pages.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 43 VOA correspondents reporting from Haiti.

44 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES LYONEL DESMARATTES ONCE UPON A TIME: MY TALES, MY STORIES (ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE CREOLE TITLE, TIM TIM BWA - CHECH: KONT PA M: ISTWA PA M), JBECA EDITIONS, BOSTON, OCTOBER 2015, FOR THE INTERNATIONAL DAY OF CREOLE LANGUAGES, 106 PAGES.

Lyonel Desmarattes is a popular VOA Creole As Pierre-Roland Bain, director and founder of Another on of Lyonel’s books, Woben Lakwa. is Service poet, writer, composer and historian. the International Committee for the Promotion of an adaptation of British adventure writer Daniel He has been well-known throughout Haiti and Creole and Literacy in Haiti expressed it: “This DeFoe’s Robinson Crusoe. The publisher is Classic the Haitian diaspora community for the past poetic book is a set of reflections about life and Edition, Gainesville, Florida, 2014, 240 pages. Mr. three decades. Among his many books is an ad- it mixes antiquity and modernity in order to offer Desmarattes has written eight books altogether, aptation in Creole of Tartuffe, the 17th century us a bouquet of various fables that remind us of and calls these “an octology designed to teach masterpiece by French classic playwright and our humanity and our chief duty as part of man- Creole both in Haiti and to Haitians abroad.” philosopher Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, also known kind: to celebrate each other and choose to see In October 2003, Lyonel participated in the as Moliere. the positive sides of our fellow human beings.” groundbreaking ceremony for a building in Sa- Once Upon a Time: My Tales, My Stories is a The book is accompanied by a CD in which the vannah, Georgia, of statues honoring Haitian poetic book of poetry and legends. It reflects Mr. texts are interpreted by two famous Haitian ra- forefathers who were veterans of the American Desmaratte’s love and passion for the people of dio broadcast voices, the late Bob Lemoine and civil war. A decade later, Vice Mayor Frantz Ben- his hometowns Jacmel and Belle-Anse in south- former VOA Creole editor and broadcaster jamin of Montreal, Canada, awarded him the key eastern Haiti. It glorifies the reputation of Queen Jacques Jean-Baptiste. to that Canadian city for his “contribution to the Anakawona, the princess from this region’s an- development of good understanding among eth- cient times who was known in American Indian nic groups and the promotion of Haitian culture lore as the princess of Zaragwa. in the diaspora.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 45 ERIC FELTEN LOYALTY: THE VEXING VIRTUE SIMON & SCHUSTER, 2011, 320 PAGES.

OTHER BOOKS BY ERIC FELTON How’s Your Drink? Cocktails, Culture, and the Art of Drinking Well, Agate Surrey, 2007, 200 In a 14-year career with VOA beginning in under the tutelage of his grandfather, a veteran pages. Based on Felten’s former James Beard 2001, Eric Felten was a television host and later, dance-band musician. Award-winning column of the same name in the Music Director for Voice of America. A true “Re- Loyalty: The Vexing Virtue explores the di- Saturday Wall Street Journal, the book blends naissance man”, Felten is a highly accomplished chotomous role that loyalty plays in human life. history, cocktail culture, trivia, and recipes. musician and performer as well as television Can too much loyalty become a vice instead of “A superb guide to the world of the cocktail and host, journalist, and author. He combined his a virtue? What happens when loyalties collide? a handsome tribute to the bold society that pro- skills at Voice of America, hosting and perform- What to do when loyalty to career, family, or duced it … by far the wittiest and the most com- ing on the TV music show Beyond Category with friends conflicts with one’s values? Felten il- prehensive study of the subject since the author Eric Felten. Before that, he hosted the VOA inter- lustrates philosophical questions with concrete of Lucky Jim laid down his pen.” — Christopher national-affairs discussion programOn the Line. scenarios and examples in a readable and enter- Hitchens He launched The Eric Felten Jazz Orchestra in taining way. The Ruling Class: Inside the Imperial 1990, a band best known for interpreting music “An extraordinary meditation, Eric Felten begins Congress, Regnery Publishing, 1993, 237 of the big band era. Felten starred, with his or- with a seemingly simple subject and then careful- pages. A look inside Congress, its workings, chestra, in the 2001 PBS concert special “The Big ly peels back all of its myriad layers of complexity. and how it can get back to passing legislation. Band Sound of WWII.” His father is a professional It is a work that is both erudite and readable, and “… pithy, well-written and more certain than a trumpet player, music runs in his genes: When teaches you something.” —Francis Fukuyama Stephen King novel to keep you awake at night.” he was nine, Felten began playing trombone —The Washington Times

46 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES GREG FLAKUS LIVING WITH KILLER BEES QUICK TRADING COMPANY, CALIFORNIA, 1993, 144 PAGES.

From 1980 until 2017, Greg Flakus was a VOA Flakus was a principal contributor to the VOA that had first been introduced into the Americas correspondent and/or bureau chief who exem- series, “Off the Highway,”—on-scene sketches of (no bees are native to the Americas). plified VOA’s 75th anniversary slogan “Many people and municipalities in the upper Missis- The first North American swarm was detect- Years, Many Stories”. In Greg’s case, it should sippi valley in the wake of the 2016 election. ed in October 1990 when Africanized bees were also include “in many places”. He began his trav- Very early in his career as a Latin America captured in a baited trap in Hildago, Texas. They els as a Peace Corps volunteer in the Philippines specialist, Flakus became fascinated by the dan- have since migrated to more than a hundred (1973-1975); when he later worked for VOA, he ger of Africanized honey bees (AHBs) from South counties in Texas. By the mid-1990s, they had was stationed in Mexico City; San Jose, Cos- America expanding into North America and po- reached Arizona, New Mexico and San Diego, ta Rica; Los Angeles, California; Miami, Florida; tentially endangering new populations. The cov- California. AHBs also build hives in a greater New York City; Washington, DC; and Houston, er of his book Living with Killer Bees, published variety of individual settings than European Texas. From these bases, he covered events in in 1993, maps how far the bees had spread into bees—porches, sheds, attics, garbage cans and Cuba, Central and South America, and the south- the Americas by then. African honey bees (AHBs) abandoned vehicles. ern United States. were imported from southern Africa in 1956 by a As Greg explains, however, since the mid- Major events Greg covered or helped report in- Brazilian scientist planning to improve Brazil’s 1990s, “the African honey bees have injured and clude: Timothy McVeigh’s bombing of the Mur- honey production. The European species cur- killed people in the United States, but not to the rah Federal Building in Oklahoma City (1995), rently in Brazil were ill-suited to thrive in Brazil’s extent that they did in South and Central Amer- the Challenger spacecraft disaster at Cape Ca- tropical climate. The so-called killer bees pro- ica. Many well-managed European-style bee- naveral (1996), earthquakes in Mexico and El duce five times as much honey as the varieties hives in the U.S. have blunted the impact. The Salvador, a volcanic eruption in Colombia, and then in South America. After a swarm escaped book also tells how the U. S. Department of Agri- civil unrest, disputed elections and other events from the lab, the African bees interbred in the culture, working with Mexican counterparts, pro- in Nicaragua, Panama, Guatemala, Colombia, wild with native bees and quickly expanded their duced valuable information about the menace, Venezuela, Guadeloupe, and Haiti, where he range more than 200 miles a year. When the hy- and led to better ways of controlling their threat was fired on by gunmen disrupting the voting brid swarms attack, they are more aggressive to people and animals in the areas they enter.” process. Shortly before his retirement in 2017, and persistent than the gentler European bees

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 47 ELI FLAM ALEX AND THE EAGLE ILLUSTRATED BY KERRY CULBERTSON, CREATE SPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHER, 2015, 106 PAGES.

Mr. Flam is another with journalism in his who supervised two VOA geographic divisions Alex and the Eagle. The fictional story of teen- blood. After graduating from Brooklyn College, he over the years. In 1988 he retired after a distin- ager Alex Benson, recently uprooted from sea- started out as a copy boy for the New York Times, guished career. side Florida to rural southern Maryland, who then worked as a reporter at The Greenwich Mr. Flam and his wife Ludmilla (Lucy) slumps home from school on a bleak November Times in Connecticut. After a stint in the Army, Obolensky Flam, a famed VOA Russian Friday. With his parents out working, Alex finds Flam returned to journalism as a reporter for the Service editor and broadcaster, then moved to Port a weighty surprise in his father’s closet. The dis- Patriot Ledger in Quincy, Massachusetts. In 1964 Tobacco, Maryland. There Eli returned to jour- covery has unforeseen consequences and leads he joined the United States Information Agency, nalism, starting a quarterly journal dedicated to to a tangled chain of dilemmas and adventures. serving as Press Officer in Caracas, Barbados, reviews of new books acquired by the Charles The story deals with demanding challenges Alex and Buenos Aires as well as press officer at the County Library, and hosting a monthly cable TV faces at school, at home, and at a Potomac area U.S. Embassy in Moscow and cultural attaché in show. He also contributed to various publica- nature reserve, and fuels his urge to flee. Madrid. During his Washington tours, he served tions, including the Washington Post, and took As reviewer Jim Link, a literary critic and col- at various times as director of the former USSR over as publisher-editor of literary quarterly Po- lege instructor describes Eli Flam’s Alex and the Division, in charge of the Russian, Ukrainian, tomac Review. In his “spare time,” he created a Eagle: “Preserving the wilderness, protecting en- Georgian, Armenian and Uzbek Services, and serial adventure, Alex and the Eagle, for the New dangered species and exploring the injustices later as director of the Latin America Division, Bay Times Weekly of Dale, MD. In 2015, the epi- inflicted on Native Americans are issues treat- overseeing the Spanish, Portuguese and Creole sodes were consolidated and printed as a book. ed in this realistic, ultimately heartening tale of Services. Eli Flam was one of two USIA officers teenage angst.”

48 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Members of the Greek Language Service meeting actor Telly Savales and European Division chief Han Tuch.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 49 VICTOR FRANZUSOFF TALKING TO THE RUSSIANS: GLIMPSES OF HISTORY BY A VOICE OF AMERICA PIONEER FITHIAN PRESS (A DIVISION OF DANIEL AND DANIEL), PUBLISHERS, INC., 1998, 219 PAGES.

Franzusoff had a distinguished 45-year career Army, including working as an interpreter at the at VOA as a pioneer Russian broadcaster and Potsdam Conference. supervisor. From his work on VOA’s first Russian Talking to the Russians, Franzusoff’s memoir broadcast in 1947, he served as a radio broad- (published posthumously), gives an eyewitness caster, news writer, editor and senior commenta- account of VOA during a crucial era and the cre- tor before retiring as Service chief in 1992. ation of VOA’s Russian Service. He writes of his Victor and his family left Russia after the encounters with important figures of the Cold 1917 revolution, lived in Berlin, then Czechoslo- War era – U.S. presidents and Soviet politicians, vakia and arrived in the United States short- sports stars and musicians, journalists, dissident ly before World War II. He served in the U.S. writers, economists, and cultural figures.

50 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES A young Victor Franzusoff broadcasts the news to the U.S.S.R. in 1948.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 51 HENRYK GRYNBERG ZWYCIESTWO (THE VICTORY) (1969, TRANSLATED AS THE VICTORY IN 1993), NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PRESS, ENGLISH TRANS- LATION PAPERBACK 1993, 107 PAGES; ENGLISH TRANSLATION HARDCOVER, 1994, 107 PAGES.

Henryk Grynberg, a prolific and internation- broadcaster, translator, and editor. His memoirs ally-known writer, is a Polish Jewish novelist, recount his work and experiences at VOA. essayist, poet, playwright, and actor. He was Although he has lived in the United States born in Warsaw on July 4, 1936 and graduat- since defecting in late 1967, all his books are ed Warsaw University in 1959 with an M.A. in written in Polish. He is frequently called the journalism. Henryk acted with Poland’s Jewish “chronicler of the fate of the Polish Jews,” as the State Theatre, and in 1967 was the youngest majority of his work explores the experience actor (at 31) on a United States tour with the of the Holocaust and post-Holocaust trauma, a company. His refusal to return to Poland and de- subject in which he is well-versed. A child sur- fection made the December 30, 1967 front page vivor of the Holocaust, he and his mother were of The New York Times. He defected, he said, in the sole survivors of his family by living in hid- protest against anti-Semitism and the Polish ing and having “Aryan” papers (The story of his government’s censorship of his work. “I think it travel back to Poland, visiting places where his is against my dignity to live where my relatives family had hidden to find out what happened to perished and to be treated as a second-class his father, was chronicled in Paweł Łoziński’s citizen,” he told the Times. acclaimed 1992 documentary, Birthplace.) He In 1971 he received an M.A. in Russian Liter- began writing in 1959 with his first short story, ature from the University of California at Los “Ekipa ‘Antygona’” (The “’Antigone’ Crew”); in Angeles. He then moved to Washington, DC and 1963 he published a collection of stories under began a 20-year career with Voice of America the same title. and the United States Information Agency as a

52 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES His publications and honors are numerous, Modern Jewish Literature. Grynberg’s other awards and include his first novel,Zydowska Wojna include: the Tadeusz Borowski Prize, the Kościelski (translated as Child of the Shadows in 1969, and Foundation Prize, the Alfred Jurzykowski Founda- as The Jewish War in 2001). He published prose, tion Award, the Stanislaw Vincenz Prize, the 1996 poetry, and drama in Polish-emigré publishing Jan Karski and Pola Nireńska Prize for contribution houses in Paris, London, and Berlin, and in un- to Polish culture and science by a Pole of Jewish derground Polish presses. He has authored more origin, and the 2002 Koret Jewish Book Award for than 30 books, all in Polish—several of them the Penguin edition of Drohobycz, Drohobycz and are available in English, French, German, Span- Other Stories. ish, Italian, Hebrew, Czech, Swedish, Hungarian, Children of Zion (Jewish Lives), Northwestern Ukrainian, and Dutch. University Press, English translation edition, 1998, His novel under the ironic title The Victory is 178 pages. The book tells the stories of Polish-Jew- based on Grynberg’s and other survivors’ life in the ish children, who survived the German and Soviet aftermath of the Holocaust as they faced open-end- invasion of Poland and subsequent deportation to ed brutality in a devastated world. In the words Soviet forced labor camps. Evacuated in 1942 with of Publisher’s Weekly: “The unnamed narrator, a Polish troops to Palestine, the orphaned or semi-or- nine-year-old boy, and his widowed mother have phaned children tell their stories to representatives survived the war by passing as Aryans, and they of the Polish government-in-exile. Daniel Jonah must decide how to live in the aftermath of brutal- Goldhagen wrote in the New Republic, “It is the un- ity.” The Victory is included in the National Yiddish varnished, artless, and naïve story of children who, Book Center’s list of the Hundred Greatest Works of to put it mildly, had no theory to defend.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 53 WILLIAM HARLAN HALE THE MARCH OF FREEDOM HARPER & BROTHERS, 1947, 308 PAGES.

In the world of international broadcasting, Challenge to Defeat reflects Mr. Hale’s affirmative William Harlan Hale is best known as the voice view of mankind’s prospects in what he viewed that first spoke to a German audience from as “Spengler’s Century.” the Voice of America. In German, he said “The Fifteen years later, after the Allied victo- news may be good for us, the news may be bad ry in World War II, Mr. Hale wrote The March for us. We will tell you the truth.” He was one of Freedom, a one-volume American history of the earliest hires by the Office of War Infor- which, according to the publisher, “catches the mation, heading the broadcasting program to daring, the fallacies, and the exuberance of our Germany. He worked initially in New York, VOA’s national growth. A brilliant interpretation of first headquarters, then later from London, Paris, the securing patterns in American life, it will and Radio Luxembourg. give the reader deepened understanding of the Journalism was in his blood, as his father, United States today.” William Bayard Hale, was a prominent journal- Much of Mr. Hale’s work was in magazines. ist. At Yale, he and a friend created a campus He was associate editor of Vanity Fair and an magazine called the Harkness Hoot, and at grad- editorial associate at Fortune Magazine, senior uation in 1931 he won the Lloyd Mifflin Award editor of The New Republic, senior writer and for Outstanding Senior Essay. He published his editor of The Reporter, and managing editor first book in 1932,Challenge to Defeat: Goethe’s and editor of Horizon. He also served as editor World and Spengler’s Century. According to of Horizon Books. a New York Times obituary published in 1974,

54 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES OTHER BOOKS BY WILLIAM HARLAN HALE Hannibal Hooker: His Death and Adventures, Random House, 1939. It is the story of an Indian Quaker, and according to Kirkus Review, includes his “professional career, first in the ministry, then—after a marriage, escape to Haiti; involvement in revolutionary activities, and emergence as a journal- ist, somewhat unorthodox in his loyalties and activities.” Horace Greeley, Voice of the People, Harper and Brothers, 1950, 376 pag- es. Kirkus Review describes the book as succeeding “in bringing alive a man and the roaring, bustling era in which he lived. It is the story of each phase of Greeley’s life …. is [sic] beautifully handled.” Horizon Book of Ancient Greece, American Heritage Publishing, 1965, re-issued posthumously, 2001, 272 pages. Traces the achievements of the ancient Greeks which Hale believed formed the foundation of modern Western civilization. It focuses particularly on Greek history from the “THE NEWS MAY BE GOOD FOR US, THE NEWS MAY BE Minoan and Mycenaean kingdoms to the rival city states of Athens BAD FOR US. WE WILL TELL YOU THE TRUTH.” and Sparta to Alexander the Great's empire and the rise of Rome. HALE WAS ONE OF THE EARLIEST HIRES BY THE OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION, Horizon Book of Ancient Rome, American Heritage Publishing, 1966, HEADING THE BROADCASTING PROGRAM TO GERMANY. 191 pages. “Great photos as well as history of the Roman from the famous to the not so famous. Amazing people with amazing accomplishments,” en- thused one reader. The World of Rodin, 1840-1917, 1968, 2nd printing 1978, Time-Life Books, 192 pages. One recent reader called it “a great book….This got me interested in William Harlan Hale's work and I'm about to read some of his other books. Check him out on Wikipedia. It's kind of sad to see such great work and its author fade from recognition.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 55 Alan Heil covered the 1972 Democratic and Republican nations conventions for VOA.

56 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES ALAN HEIL VOICE OF AMERICA: A HISTORY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2003/2006, 538 PAGES.

Alan Heil had a 36-year career with the Voice, In retirement, Alan has expanded his research with positions including junior newswriter, on publicly-funded international broadcasting. Worldwide English Africa editor, Middle East He edited an anthology bringing together essays correspondent (1965-1971), New York bureau reflecting the views of 21 prominent observers (1971-1973), Chief of News and Current Affairs of that fine art. This book,Local Voices: Global (1973-1982), Office of Programs (1982-1996), Perspectives: Challenges Ahead for U.S. Interna- Acting Director (1996-1997) and Deputy Director, tional Media, was inspired by an annual forum of (1997-1998). Voice of America: A History centers the Public Diplomacy Council of Washington, DC on VOA’s first 60 years, from its first broadcast in in late 2006. The publisher is that Council, and 1942 through its coverage of 9/11 and early years the book was released in 2008 with 183 pages. under the Broadcasting Board of Governors. Lee Heubner, former director of The George Walter Cronkite wrote: “Here is the inside story Washington University School of Media and Pub- of one of our most important government services, lic Affairs: Local“ Voices: Global Perspectives offers a history of an organization known to millions of a wealth of insights into the challenges facing people around the globe but only to a handful of America’s government-funded international me- Americans. Heil’s book celebrates this nation’s dia. It presents a timely look at how these outlets dedication to the practical application of its dem- can best serve the national interest in a digital ocratic foundations - our freedom of speech and era. It’s a ‘must read’ as the country, through its the press.” As former VOA Director Geoffrey Cow- media, seeks to achieve what the late NBC anchor an (1994-1996) put it: “Edward R. Murrow used to and VOA Director John Chancellor (1965-1967) say that the Voice of America tells America’s sto- once counseled: ‘Our assignment is to bring the ry to the world; now, Alan L. Heil Jr. has told the bright dream of a new day to the dark corners of VOA’s story to the world... a thoughtful and vivid the world’.” insider’s account that demonstrates the network’s vital position in American public diplomacy.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 57 STEVEN L. HERMAN BHUTAN IN COLOR 2007: A HIMALAYAN KINGDOM THROUGH THE LENS OF AN AMERICAN JOURNALIST NAMA PRESS, 2008, 47 PAGES.

Steve Herman has served as VOA’s absolute monarchy to a parliamentary News, ABC World News Weekend, the White House Bureau Chief, State Depart- democracy. Steve photographed scenes BBC, Nigeria’s Channels TV, Radio New ment correspondent, and senior diplo- from a land few Westerners have been Zealand and various cable networks matic correspondent. The veteran jour- fortunate enough to see, with snippets in India. Steve has served as governor nalist also served VOA and other news of the beautiful and devoutly Buddhist of the Overseas Press Club of America, organizations in Asia for 26 years, first country. Herman hopes his book of pho- chairman of the Foreign Press in Japan in Tokyo, then in India, South Korea, and tographs conveys some of the aura of (FPIJ) for five years, a one-year term as Thailand as VOA’s correspondent and spirituality and grace of Bhutan he ex- president of the Foreign Correspondents’ bureau chief. perienced throughout the kingdom. Club of Japan (FCCJ), and president of He is also a fine photographer, Steve’s articles, columns and reviews the Seoul Foreign Correspondents Club. coupling pictures he has taken with have been published in the Far Eastern Steve is an expert in new media, and his the portraits he paints with words. Economic Review, Harvard Summer Re- close following of events in North Ko- Bhutan in Color 2007: A Himalayan view, Radio World, Honolulu Star-Bulle- rea in 2011 (even during a home leave Kingdom through the Lens of an Amer- tin, Japan Times, Popular Communica- in Colorado) enabled him to advise the ican Journalist is the fruit of Steve’s tions, South China Morning Post, and the VOA News Center about the death of three coverage trips to the Southeast Wall Street Journal. Korean dictator Kim Jong Il within mo- Asian kingdom that year, while Bhutan He is a veteran of many media ap- ments of the official announcement on was preparing for a transition from an pearances, including the CBS Evening Pyongyang state radio.

58 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Steve Herman reporting OTHER BOOKS BY STEVEN HERMAN from Nepal and Last Assignment, Firelight Publishing, 2001, Washington, DC. paperback, 208 pages. Loosely based on some of Herman’s own experiences in journalism, the novel follows a reporter’s adventures as he seeks to uncover who set him up to be expelled from China. “I can confirm with enthusiasm thatLast Assignment’s adventures of a foreign correspon- dent mirrors the true stuff!” – Albert E. Kaff, Over- seas Press Club Bulletin Sunset 2020, Nama Press, 1997, paperback, 196 pages. In this futuristic, Japan-based nov- el, the heroine discovers truths about herself as well as the government while on the run from the country’s fascist government and the high-tech tools it employs to monitor all citizens.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 59 JOHN HOLWAY THE COMPLETE BOOK OF BASEBALL’S NEGRO LEAGUES HASTINGS HOUSE, 2ND EDITION, 2001, 472 PAGES.

John B. Holway, former economics editor of According to Baseball.com, Holway has been VOA and writer for Special English (now Learn- researching baseball since 1944. He is among the ing English), is a well-known, distinguished, winners of the second annual Henry Chadwick and prolific baseball historian. He has written award established by the Society for American or co-authored eight books on black baseball Baseball Research in 2010 “to honor those re- leagues and their stars, and other books on the searchers, historians, analysts and statisticians Tuskegee airmen, other nationally-recognized who have most contributed to our understanding black Americans, profiles of Ted Williams and of the game and its history.” In 1988, John Hol- other major league champion sluggers, and even way won the Casey award for best baseball book books on Japanese baseball and Sumo. of the year, Black Ball Stars. Born in 1929, Holway was an Army lieutenant The Complete Book of Baseball’s Negro during the Korean War before turning to jour- Leagues is a compendium succinctly tracing nalism. He wrote his first book in Tokyo in 1954, what is known about the history of Negro base- Japan is Big League in Thrills. As a journalist he ball since shortly before the civil war until 1948, covered a wide range of topics from locations the year after Jackie Robinson entered the major around the world, for publications ranging from leagues. In the words of another baseball history The New York Times to Sports Illustrated. authority, Royse “Crash” Parr: “[Holway’s] innu-

60 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES merable newspaper and magazine articles are to-read narrative is summarized by one review- referenced in the book’s laudable bibliography. er, who noted that Satchel Paige was 42 years old Well indexed, this book is the culmination of over in 1948 when he became the first black pitcher in three decades of dedicated research by the man the American League. “Although the oldest rook- who knows more about Negro baseball than any ie around,” the review noted, “he was already a other writer ever.” legend. For 22 years beginning in 1926, Satchel Robert Peterson, author of Only the Ball Was Paige dazzled throngs with his performance in White readily agreed: “John Holway,” he wrote, the Negro Baseball Leagues. Then he outlast- “is without doubt, the most prolific author on the ed everyone by playing professional baseball, old segregated black leagues. Even other author- in and out of the majors, until 1965. Struggle ities on the subject will learn something on each against early poverty and racial discrimination page of The Complete Book. It’s a must-read for was part of Paige’s story. So was fast living and a baseball fans.” humorous point of view.” Of the many other books benefiting from Hol- way’s expertise was a paperback written by leg- endary pitcher Leroy “Satchel” Paige. It was ap- propriately titled Maybe I’ll Pitch Forever. Holway was honored to write the introduction. This fun-

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 61 JOHN HOUSEMAN FRONT AND CENTER: 1942-1955 SIMON & SCHUSTER, 1979, 512 PAGES.

FAMED HOLLYWOOD ACTOR AND FILM PRODUCER JOHN HOUSEMAN WAS THE FIRST VOA DIRECTOR (1942-1943). BORN JACQUES HAUSSMAN IN ROMANIA IN 1902, HOUSEMAN’S FRONT AND CENTER CONT INUES THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY HE BEGAN IN HIS 1972 BOOK RUN-THROUGH.

62 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Run-through: 1902-1941, Allen Lane the Pen- guin Press, 1972, 507 pages. Stranger-than-fic- tion story of Houseman’s early life – born in Ro- mania, declining a Cambridge scholarship, rise as a grain trader to millionaire, and losing it all to the Great Depression. He then used his admin- istrative skills, writing talent, and connections to get work as a theatrical producer – again gain- ing the height of success and fame. A Goodreads reviewer: “A fascinating story on many levels: Houseman's life as a citizen of many nations and none, his coming to America and success as an Review: “In Front and Center, Houseman con- OTHER BOOKS BY JOHN HOUSEMAN immigrant, his fraught but creative relationship tinues describing his fascinating life, beginning Final Dress, Simon & Schuster, 1983; 1984 with Orson Welles, his work at the nexus of so with his wartime work on the innovative and paperback, Holiday House, 592 pages. From much mid-20th Century art of the theater, Broad- controversial Voice of America, a remarkable Kirkus Review: “In this third volume (1955-74) way, radio and finally motion pictures. All writ- experiment in persuasion marked by bitter quar- of his remarkable, quietly epic autobiography, ten masterfully by a man fluent in 4 languages.” rels and ideological battles, and his friendship Houseman branches out still further—into tele- with such diverse personalities as Robert Sher- vision, opera, academia, and film-stardom—but wood, James Warburg and Joseph Barnes. He his greatest passion, wit, and anger remain firmly goes on to chronicle his postwar career. Front invested in the theater.” and Center is a unique and fascinating look at life Unfinished Business: Memoirs 1902-1988, in Hollywood and the theater, related by a gifted Virgin Books, 1988, 498 pages; Applause Books, man who writes about himself with wit, aston- 2000, paperback, 498 pages. Published posthu- ishing candor, a piercing eye for the ridiculous in mously, Unfinished Business includes the 1500 himself and others, and a total recall that makes pages of his three earlier memoirs, Run-Through, his memoirs true to life.” Front and Center, and Final Dress. Unfinished Business also includes fresh revelations through- out and a riveting new final chapter which brings the Houseman saga to a close.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 63 DR. ROLAND HUBER A WARD OF THE STATE PUBLISHAMERICA, 2003, 118 PAGES.

OTHER BOOKS BY ROLAND HUBER What Makes a Leader, PublishAmerica, 2007, 48 pages. This brief publication provides a blue- print on how to become a good leader. The reader will not only be able to become successful, but will also learn how to stay on top. Facing the World Without Love: How the Wel- Dr. Roland (Ron) Huber was born in Sterling, Science, a doctorate in Business Administration, fare and Foster Care System has Destroyed Our Illinois in 1946. When he was three years old he and a master’s degree in Psychology. Inspired by Society’s “Throwaway” Children, Strategic Book and his two brothers were taken from his alco- his own experience as a ward of the state, he is a Publishing & Rights Agency, LLC, 2009, holic mother and grandfather and made wards of passionate and vocal child-rights advocate. 148 pages. Building on his own story, first told in the state. (By definition, a ward of the state has A Ward of the State chronicles Huber’s per- A Ward of the State, Ron Huber delves deeper into no relatives, friends, or other parties who are sonal story of beginning life as a neglected the foster care system he survived, the effects on willing or able to serve as a guardian.) He spent child, then living in Chicago’s foster care system children within it, and the hope engendered by his childhood in foster care, leaving him with a during the 1940s. From age three through age 17, his own eventual success. lifelong drive to improve the system. Huber was shuffled from foster home to foster Our Abandoned Children: History of the Child After joining the U.S. Army in 1963, Huber home, frequently entrusted to families that were Welfare System, iUniverse publishing, 2013, served in Vietnam from 1967 through 1968. He ill-suited to caring for and nurturing a young 108 pages. Once again, Ron Huber examines the served 20 years in the U.S. Army, retiring in 1983 child. Fortunately, he finally joined a warm, car- troubled foster care system he lived through, with a Bronze Star and a Silver Star. Dr. Huber ing family who taught him what being a family explaining the challenges the children within then spent more than 27 years in broadcast en- can truly mean. One reader wrote of the book, it have to face, perhaps throughout their lives. gineering with the Voice of America in Washing- “Anyone with interest in children should read it. Ron’s dedication to raising awareness to the ton DC, and retired from VOA in 2011. Dr. Huber Any child or adult child of the foster home sys- problems and working for improvement has con- holds a Doctor of Arts in Social and Behavioral tem must read it.” tinued for more than 30 years.

64 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES DAVID HUBLER THE NATS AND THE GRAYS: HOW BASEBALL IN THE NATION’S CAPITAL SURVIVED WWII AND CHANGED THE GAME FOREVER ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, 2015, HARDCOVER, 342 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2015, 3871 KB; PAPERBACK EDITION ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, 2017, 342 PAGES. CO-AUTHORED WITH JOSHUA DRAZEN, A FORMER WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT FOR THE MEDILL NEWS SERVICE.

David Hubler served as literary editor of VOA for more The stories they recount, the East Orlando Post says, The Too-Tall Troll in the Tiny Tollhouse, Mirror Pub- than a decade. Prior to joining VOA, David wrote and edit- “are told in sharp, unadorned prose devoid of sports jar- lishing, 2010, 38 pages, is billed as a timely lesson for ed for The Washington Post and United Press Internation- gon and a plethora of statistics, but often with insight and today’s school playgrounds and is tailored to appeal to al. Raised in the shadow of Yankee Stadium in the Bronx, humor befitting such an outstanding sports history. It be- 4-to-10 year old readers. In the words of one reviewer: New York, Hubler is a life-long Yankee fan. longs on the library shelves of all baseball fans and World “Tilden Troll didn’t think he was any different from other The Nats and the Grays earned a five-star rating on War II history buffs.” trolls until he entered the first grade. There, because of Amazon.com and as one review put it: “Anyone who his size, he was laughed at and teased by his classmates, thinks major league baseball during World War II was OTHER WORK BY DAVID HUBLER who were led by one especially nasty bully. But when the dull, amateurish, and devoid of truly exceptional play be- You Gotta Believe!, Signet, 1983. The back cover of this bully found himself in big trouble, only Tilden’s size could cause most of the stars were off fighting the war should fictional novel teases the story: “He showed up at the try- save him. That became the start of a new friendship and pick up a copy of this book­—filled with colorful stories outs of the sorriest collection of New York pro football los- the end of the bullying. The class learned that it’s okay to and unknown anecdotes.” ers who had ever been written off by everyone—including be different, everyone is. But bullying is always wrong.” The authors describe the support of President Franklin themselves. From the moment he picked up the ball, it D. Roosevelt for the major league Washington Nationals was clear that this powerhouse quarterback could play a and Negro League Homestead Grays as the stage is set for heavenly game of football. His name was Guy O’Downey the post-war integration of major league baseball. and the way he could play was an answer to any coach’s prayer. Still, it was unthinkable, utterly ridiculous to be- lieve this team had a chance to win. Or was it…?”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 65 READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

JOHN HUGHES PAPER BOY TO PULITZER: A NEWSMAN’S JOURNEY NEBBADOON PRESS (AN E-BOOK PUBLISHER), 2014, PAPERBACK, 349 PAGES. JOHN HUGHES ALSO WROTE: The End of Sukarno: A Coup That Misfired: A Purge That Ran Wild, TBS The Book Service Ltd, First Edition 1968, 314 pages; paperbacks by Di- dier Millet, Csi 4th edition, 2002, 328 pages, and Archipelago Press (an imprint of Didier Millet), 2003, 312 pages. The 2003 paperback edition of this book, a detailed account of Hughes’ Pulitzer Prize-winning reporting, contains a fresh intro- duction by the author. The book begins with an Lifelong journalist John Hughes served as fessor of Communications at Brigham Young account of the grisly 1965 murders of six senior VOA director from March to August 1982. Despite University, where he founded an international Indonesian generals that set in motion a chain his short tenure, he has remained involved and media center. of events that broke the Indonesian Commu- interested in U.S. international broadcasting and Paper Boy to Pulitzer is the story of the dra- nist Party. The ensuing slaughter of hundreds of Voice of America. matic events that shaped what Hughes called his thousands of Indonesians ultimately led to Su- Welsh-born L. John Hughes had a distin- love affair with journalism and the value of “being karno’s eclipse. Hughes was the first American guished professional career in journalism, in- there on the scene” when great events occur. In correspondent on the scene after the murders. cluding as a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist addition to civil war in Indonesia in the 1960s, he With telecommunications shut down, Hughes in Indonesia in the 1960s. He was editor of the chronicles the rise of the Afrikaners and apartheid and his colleagues gave printed copies of their Christian Science Monitor, Assistant Secretary in South Africa, chaos in the Congo, China’s Cul- reports to outbound travelers, asking them to of State to George Schulz later in the 1980s, As- tural Revolution, and the Vietnam War. President drop the reports at a Cable and Wireless office sistant Secretary-General and communications Johnson, at the height of that conflict, once called when they landed. This is how the world learned director for Boutros Boutros-Ghali at the United Hughes to get his “read” on events in the South- what was really happening in Indonesia. In ad- Nations, and president of the American Society east Asian country. Reviewer John Yemma of the dition to recognition by the Pulitzer committee, of Newspaper Editors as well as VOA’s 19th di- Christian Science Monitor in 2014 terms Paper The End of Sukarno is a widely-known classical rector. Most recently, Hughes served as editor Boy to Pulitzer “a veteran storyteller’s vivid saga, historical record of the turmoil that transformed of the Deseret News in Salt Lake City and pro- packed with vivid recollections.” then newly-independent Indonesia.

66 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES WAYNE HYDE THE MEN BEHIND THE ASTRONAUTS DODD, MEAD, 1965, 128 PAGES.

Wayne Hyde was a distinguished VOA foreign correspondent whose investigative skills led him to reveal early on the scale of the genocide in Cambodia. Wayne covered the Vietnam War in the late 1960s and early 1970s, including the U.S. evacuation from Saigon in April 1974. Later, Wayne opened VOA’s Beijing Bureau, and report- ed events in the United States including the early Apollo flights and other science stories. Hyde was also a prolific author of children’s books in the early 1960s. The most in-depth book was The Men behind the Astronauts, which chronicled the story of the men and women behind the scenes—the people who actually build rockets, ships, and the other things that made space travel possible.

Ed Hickey (left) of the VOA’s Special Events staff and Carl Li of the Madarin Service at Cape Canaveral covering OTHER WORKS BY WAYNE HYDE INCLUDE: John Glenn’s 1962 orbital space launch. What Does a Forest Ranger Do? Dodd, Mead, 1964, 64 pages. What Does a Cowboy Do? Dodd, Mead, 1963, 64 pages. What Does a Secret Service Agent Do? Dodd, Mead, 1962, 62 pages. What Does a Diver Do? Dodd, Mead, 1961, 62 pages. What Does a Parachutist Do? Dodd, Mead, 1960, 64 pages.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 67 GEORGE JACOBS THE NEW SHORTWAVE PROPAGATION HANDBOOK CQ COMMUNICATIONS INC. USA, CO-AUTHORED WITH THEODORE J. COHAN AND ROBERT B. ROSE, 1997 (SECOND PRINTING), PAPERBACK, 192 PAGES.

George Jacobs, an internationally-known elec- of several dozen high-powered shortwave trans- high-frequency radio spectrum. Readers include trical engineer who for more than three decades mitters strategically located around the world. worldwide listeners to international broadcast- contributed significantly to VOA and Radio Free In 1984 President Reagan appointed Jacobs to ing and radio amateurs, as well as anyone cu- Europe/Radio Liberty, joined the Voice in 1949 a Presidential Commission on Broadcasting to rious about how a shortwave radio signal can as it began its Cold War buildup. Jacobs played a Cuba, where he helped found Radio Martí, a Span- extend up to thousands of miles between a trans- key leadership role in the technical development ish-language federal network to the Caribbean mitter and receiver. of VOA and was instrumental in the post-1974 island nation. Later he was a consultant to Radio “The book,” Jacobs says, “is intended to make technical modernization and engineering over- Free Asia, founded in the mid-1990s. easy reading about a complicated subject and sight of RFE/RL. He was one of two principal se- In addition to The New Shortwave Propaga- how this information can be useful in a practi- nior executives for the former Board of Interna- tion Handbook, Jacobs has written hundreds of cal way for all users of the shortwave or high tional Broadcasting (BIB) overseeing those two articles published in several dozen publications frequency radio spectrum, between 3 and 30 consolidated networks. His work earned him a worldwide. For more than a half-century, Jacobs megahertz (MHz).” Reviewers on Amazon.com USIA Superior Honor Award, and an Outstanding was an associate editor of CQ Radio Magazine say it’s a “Great book for any serious ham in- Achievement Award from the BIB. and a contributor to the prestigious World Radio terested in DXing” and “A Must-Have Book for After retiring from government service in 1980, TV Handbook. He is the recipient of the presti- Shortwave Listeners and Amateurs.” Prominent Jacobs formed his own engineering consulting gious Radio Engineering Achievement Award favorable reviews when the first edition of the organization, George Jacobs & Associates, spe- of the National Association of Broadcasters for handbook was published included those by for- cializing in international broadcasting. It has “lifetime leadership in broadcast engineering.” mer USIA Director Leonard Marks, Senator Bar- been responsible for the engineering design and The New Shortwave Propagation Handbook is ry Goldwater, Herbert Hoover Jr. and Air Force implementation of a privately-owned, FCC-li- intended for the general public, including those General Curtis LeMay. censed global broadcasting network, consisting who are daily users of the shortwave or the

68 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Over the years, Voice of America has operated many relay stations around the world just like this one at Tinian in the Northern Mariana Islands. These stations allow VOA to reach a global audience.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 69 ALI AHMAD JALALI A MILITARY HISTORY OF AFGHANISTAN FROM THE GREAT GAME TO THE GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KANSAS, 2017, HARDCOVER, 656 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION 7968 KB.

Ali Ahmad Jalali was named Afghanistan’s cotics, counter-terrorism and criminal investi- Ambassador to Germany in January 2017, and gations. He is a graduate of high command and is a distinguished professor at the Near East staff colleges in Afghanistan, the United King- South Asia Center for Strategic Studies at the dom, and the United States and later taught and National Defense University in Washington. lectured at the U.S. National Defense University From 1982 to 2003, he served as office direc- and at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monte- tor or key broadcaster at Voice of America, rey, California, along with the British Army Staff working in English, Pashto and Dari/Farsi to College at Camberley, England. Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia. He has A Military History of Afghanistan is a sweep- published numerous books and hundreds of ing history of warfare in Afghanistan in many articles in all three languages and is one of different forms by many different armies—for- America’s leading experts on Afghanistan. eign and indigenous—from ancient times to the A former colonel in the Afghanistan army, 21st century. British General Lord David Rich- Jalali served as a top military planner with ards sums up the masterwork in his introduc- the Afghan resistance following the Soviet tion to Professor Jalali’s book, which he calls invasion of 1979, and was Interior Minister “the definitive history of warfare in Afghan- of Afghanistan from January 2003 to Octo- istan”: “While its principal focus is the era of ber 2005. As Interior Minister, he oversaw the British conquest, the Soviet invasion, the civ- creation of 50,000 Afghan national police and il war and rise of the Taliban, and subsequent 12,000 border guards to handle counter-nar- U.S.-led invasion, the book, broad in scope and

70 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES based on authoritative primary sources, covers ALI AHMAD JALALI ALSO WROTE: ancient conquerors and modern invasions with A Military History of Afghanistan: From the Irregular Warfare of Pashtun Tribes in equal vigor. With its all-encompassing illustra- Ancient Empires to the Modern Wars, Green- Fighting the Mughal Empire in 16th and 17th tive details (including battle maps) and analyti- wood Publishing Group, 2015, 5500 Pages. centuries, (in Pashto) Kabul, February 2012. cal features, in my judgment this book deserves Afghanistan National Defense and Security Studies in Afghanistan History from a to become a locus classicus in the annals of Forces in Transition, U.S. Institute of Peace, Military Perspective, two volumes, MOD Press, Afghanistan’s military history, and indeed of Washington, DC, 2016. (in Dari/Persian) Kabul, 1967. A detailed study military history more generally.” The Other Side of the Mountain: Mujahedin of political and strategic trends in Afghanistan’s Another noted expert on Afghanistan, Tactics in the Soviet and Afghan War, Books military history. Barnett R. Rubin, wrote: “Professor Jalali’s Express Publishing, 2010, 448 pages. This book Afghanistan - Challenges of the Transition to deeply researched, beautifully written, and hu- was co-authored with Lester W. Grau. Peace, Emirate Center for Strategic Studies and mane book takes us far beyond sound bites to Afghan Guerilla Warfare, In the Words of the research (ECSSR), Abu Dhabi, December 2012. place Afghanistan’s wars in the long panorama Mujahedin Fighters, 2002. of human history.” Ali Ahmad Jalali has written more than 750 articles and columns for prominent newspapers and journals over the years.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 71 LARRY JAMES UNFORTUNATE SONS: A TRUE STORY OF YOUNG MEN AND WAR CAMBRIDGE DENT PUBLISHERS, 2005, HARDCOVER, 288 PAGES.

Larry James was a foreign correspondent for survivors of the ambush, what happened that could not have been more fair. A great book from VOA for many years, reporting from bureaus in terrible day in March of 1968 would have been any perspective.” Among Keith Nolan’s many Abidjan, Cairo, Paris, Moscow and Jerusalem. He forever lost to history. books on the Vietnam War: Ripcord: Screaming also served as Director of English Programs from “Larry James has given the young grunts of Eagles Under Siege, Vietnam 1970, and The Battle 1997 to 2000. Charlie Company the tribute they deserve, a book For Saigon: the Tet Offensive, 1968. A review by fellow author on the Vietnam War without hyperbole that tells who they were as Larry James himself offers reasons for writ- Keith Nolan sums up Larry’s approach this way: people and what they endured as soldiers. Hav- ing Unfortunate Sons: “Telling the story of what “Written with brutal honesty, but also with grace, ing located the former Viet Cong who planned happened to the men of Charlie Company was an sensitivity, and understanding, Unfortunate and executed the ambush, James also affords obligation I felt I needed to honor. In one sense it Sons is a heart-breaking account of the ambush the reader a rare glimpse into the enemy’s side of is a ‘worm’s eye view’ of the Vietnam War but it is and destruction of Charlie Company, 4th Battal- the war, and he does so without rancor or recrim- the experiences of these soldiers that tell the big- ion, 9th Infantry Regiment near Hoc Mon, Viet- inations. It is sad that certain retired officers dis- ger story - what it’s like to die for your country.” nam. Had James, a veteran-turned-journalist, couraged James from writing this book... the sub- not devoted himself to finding and interviewing ject could not be more important and the author

72 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES VOA reporter Zubair Dar reports from the field.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 73 Philomena Jurey reported for Voice of America for 28 years.

74 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES PHILOMENA JUREY A BASEMENT SEAT TO HISTORY: TALES OF COVERING PRESIDENTS NIXON, FORD, CARTER AND REAGAN FOR THE VOICE OF AMERICA LINUS PRESS, WASHINGTON, DC, 1995, PAPERBACK, 373 PAGES.

great White House reporter. To those who lived in closed communist societies during the cold war she was a window to the Western World and to freedom.” Correspondent Jurey (known fondly as PJ by her colleagues) and her husband, Jack Jurey, were both lifelong journalists—PJ for 37 years, Jack until his death in 1969 at age 45. Jack Jurey was an award-winning editorialist and documentarian for Washington, DC’s WTOP A 28-year employee of Voice of America, at the Gerald Ford Presidential Library. She Radio and Television and the Post Newsweek Philomena Jurey served as one of the very first earned tremendous international popularity. stations. He wrote and delivered more than female State Department correspondents, then When traveling to China with President Ford in 2,000 editorials from 1959 through December as one of the very first female White House cor- 1975, then again with President Reagan in 1984, 1968 before succumbing to cancer in May of respondents. She later became director of VOA the Chinese ignored well-known domestic U.S. 1969. Philomena honored him and his work by news and a key adviser to senior management. journalists and clamored for Philomena. After publishing A Living History of the 1960s: Com- Prior to joining VOA, she received her bache- she left the airwaves to become editor-in-chief, piled from eloquent editorials by Jack Jurey lor’s degree in journalism from the University of she continued to receive fan mail from around in reporting momentous events of that period Missouri in 1949, and started her career at the the world, wondering where she was or why she on WTOP-TV and Radio in the Nation’s Capital, Southwest Times in Pulaski, Virginia. From 1952 was no longer broadcasting. Some fans even Signature Book Printing, 2013, 538 pages. to 1958 she worked as a reporter for the local proposed marriage. PJ also wrote a family history, Bella Giorna- Ohio newspaper The Vindicator, where she met Initially after writing her memoirs, Jurey ta and Elbow Grease: Remembering Papa and her husband, Jack Jurey. couldn’t find a publisher— she was told a Mama, the Sparanos of New Castle, Pennsylva- Although she held many positions during her book wouldn’t be marketable since no one nia, Linus Press, 2002, 272 pages. Her parents, 28 years at VOA, Jurey is most remembered for (in the U.S.) knew who she was. Fortunately Frank and Fortunata Sparano, were the owners her years at the White House. Over the 14 years Linus Press printed it a few years later, in 1995. of a neighborhood hotel and later the Francis she was White House correspondent, Jurey cov- Legendary UPI correspondent Helen Thomas Hotel of New Castle. Their story also gives a pic- ered four presidents for VOA: Nixon, Ford, Carter, said of the book, “This is a wonderful, compel- ture of the significant events and social changes and Reagan. Her personal papers are archived ling book. It covers the fascinating career of a that affected the area.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 75 SEAN KELLY CHASING CHAOS: A FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT’S MEMOIR OUTSKIRTS PRESS, INC., 2010, PAPERBACK, 363 PAGES.

Sean Kelly reported for VOA, the Associat- ed Press, and several other news organiza- tions during a 40-year career in journalism. He worked in print, radio, and television. Chasing Chaos is about Kelly’s coverage of rebel conflicts in Africa, civil wars in Indochina, peace talks in the Middle East, and the downfall of Richard Nixon in Washington. His fearless- ness seemed to take him to the ends of the earth, no matter how risky the conditions. Kelly’s memoir takes the reader to the front- lines, from an ambush by rebels in Zimbabwe to being death-listed in El Salvador. His in-depth coverage of the Watergate scandal was well SEAN KELLY ALSO WROTE: remembered, as was his unprecedented VOA America’s Tyrant: The United States and contact with Fidel Castro. Mobutu of Zaire, American University Press, In the words of an Outskirts Press review: 1993, hardcover, 302 pages. A description of how “But not all of Kelly’s career was spent chasing the U.S. discovered Mobutu, put him in power, chaos. He also went to the Seychelles Islands to protected him from his enemies, and helped him report on the first flight of the space shuttle and become one of the world’s richest men. to South Africa for the presidential campaign and election of Nelson Mandela. Between dead- Access Denied: the Politics of Press Censorship, lines, there was time for humor, compassion, Sage Publications, 1978, paperback, 96 pages. good food and wine as well.”

76 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Sean Kelly reporting for VOA from Lagos, Nigeria.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 77 JONATHAN KERN SOUND REPORTING: THE NPR GUIDE TO AUDIO JOURNALISM AND PRODUCTION UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, 2008, 382 PAGES.

Jonathan Kern spent 17 years at VOA, starting as an intern and work- ing his way up to branch chief in the Worldwide English Division. He then spent another decade and a half at NPR, first as the editor and executive producer of the program All Things Considered, and then as a master jour- nalism trainer at NPR and public radio stations across the country. Sound Reporting is a superb guide to the unique style of public radio and televi- sion in the U.S.—how these can bring a story alive through a magic blend of authentic sound, music and description. Jane Pauley wrote, “I think Sound Reporting ought to be required reading for anyone aspiring to a career in journalism, audio or otherwise. And also for anyone currently employed in the field who sometimes wonders wheth- er journalism hasn’t lost its way.”

78 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES The Voice’s Washington, DC Network Control Center.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 79 AMBASSADOR FOY DAVID KOHLER UNDERSTANDING THE RUSSIANS: A CITIZEN’S PRIMER HARPER & ROW, 1970, 441 PAGES.

Ambassador Kohler’s 36-year career began When it was all over on November 7, the am- AFTER HIS RETIREMENT FROM THE FOREIGN as a Foreign Service Officer in Ontario in 1932, bassador sent a cable to Washington quoted by SERVICE IN 1968, HE WROTE OR CO-AUTHORED and during the rest of the 1930s he served in Ro- Encyclopedia.com reporting that “there seems EIGHT BOOKS. mania, Belgrade, Bucharest, Athens and Cairo. to me no doubt that events of the past ten days • Effectiveness of the Voice of America, U.S. After graduate studies at the National War Col- have really shaken the Soviet leadership.” One Dept. of State Office of Public Affairs, 1951, lege in 1946 and at Cornell University, where he Soviet military official, Ambassador Kohl report- 783 pages. learned to speak fluent Russian, Mr. Kohler’s first ed, “Told my wife he was now willing to believe A series of co-authored books published by the posting to the Soviet Union was at the American in God.” University of Miami: Embassy in Moscow from 1947 to 1949. He then In Understanding the Russians: a Citizen’s • Soviet Strategy for the Seventies: From returned to Washington to serve as VOA’s fifth Primer, Kohler employs his own experience and Cold War to Peaceful Co-Existence (1973) director from 1949 to 1952. Many years later, he expertise in explaining the strong effect that • Convergence of Communism and Capitalism: was a member of the oversight body for Radio Russian history and tradition have on the newer The Soviet View (1973) Free Europe and Radio Liberty, 1974-1982. Communist ideology. Kirkus Reviews writes that • The Soviet Union and the 1973 Middle East Most of Ambassador Kohler’s career centered Kohler depicts “how Marxism was ‘Leninized’ to War: the Implications for Détente (1974) on the Soviet Union and its surrounding neigh- become simply a more efficient and ruthless ver- • The Role of Nuclear Forces in Current bors. The veteran Kremlin expert was the brand- sion of Czarism….Stalin’s repressive measures at Soviet Strategy (1974) new U.S. ambassador in Moscow during the home and in Eastern Europe, he insists, stemmed • The Soviet Union: Yesterday, Today and Cuban missile crisis of October 1962, frequent- from the very nature of the Soviet system and the Tomorrow (1975) ly characterized as the most dangerous days of necessity to prove the ‘legitimacy of Communist • Custine’s Eternal Russia: a New Edition of the Cold War. During two critical weeks of that minority rule.’” The reviewer also states that Journey for Our Time (1976) October when Soviet missiles were deployed in Kohler’s “expertise is sufficient and his insights • SALT II: How not to negotiate with the Cuba, Ambassador Kohler met with Soviet Pre- numerous enough to reward any reader.” Russians, Advanced International Studies mier Nikita Khrushchev several times, and was Ambassador Kohler’s dispatches from Mos- Institute, 1979, 34 pages. an important backchannel as Washington and cow are part of the Avalon Project at Yale Law Moscow succeeded in defusing the crisis. School in New Haven, Connecticut.

READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

80 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES 75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 81 TED LANDPHAIR AND CAROL HIGHSMITH CALIFORNIA: A PHOTOGRAPHIC TOUR RANDOM HOUSE/CRESCENT, 1999, 128 PAGES, CO-AUTHORED WITH HIS WIFE, NATIONALLY— RENOWNED PHOTOJOURNALIST CAROL HIGHSMITH.

Ted Landphair, a graduate of the University is taken on a journey filled with the beautiful vis- Hoover Dam, were built to serve a critical func- of Iowa, was the principal “Americana” report- tas and sights that have made California famous: tion; for others, like the St. Louis Arch or Mount er for VOA’s Central News Division and VOA Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Francisco—as Rushmore, the function was purely aesthetic Europe from 1986 until his retirement in 2012. well as landmarks like the famed Hollywood sign or commemorative. But all are notable for their He served earlier as director of news at WMAL in LA. Also visited are California’s natural won- scale and the technological genius that went Washington. He has traveled to all 50 U.S. states ders, like Death Valley National Park and the into constructing them. Travel-pictorial wizards over the years, most of them with his wife Carol. world-famous redwood forest where visitors can Highsmith and Landphair turn themselves here They have jointly authored more than 30 books, see and even drive through monolithic sequoias. to the wonder of industrial America. The “can- and Carol has donated her personal collection of Dazzling photos and lucid text are an excellent do” American spirit resonates behind every one more than 100,000 images, royalty free, to the gift to anyone who has visited or wishes to visit of the sites included. This volume also reminds Library of Congress. The vast collection of their this unrivalled state. of us of the lives lost and risks taken to get the works was published between 1988 and 2004. job done. The fantastic oversize full-color photos This rich harvest of photojournalism focuses OTHER NOTABLE BOOKS BY LANDPHAIR AND of the marvels like the Washington Monument, mainly on individual states, cities, and institu- HIGHSMITH: Brooklyn Bridge, and the 7.7 mile long Flathead tions in the United States, including California: America’s Engineering Marvels, Crescent Tunnel in Montana, the world’s seventh-longest A Photographic Tour. Quoting from the publish- Publishing, 2004, 64 pages. The inside flap of railroad tunnel, are an unforgettable chronicle of er’s description: “The Golden State is still the this pictorial account of some of the most re- American engineering at its best.” destination of a never-ending influx of new ar- markable structures on the landscape of a di- Ireland: A Photographic Tour, Crescent Pub- rivals looking to re-invent themselves—or their verse land describes those engineering feats lishing, 1998, 128 pages. In 1998, Random House lives—and find the American dream… The reader this way: “Many of the sites included, such as the sent the Landphairs to Ireland, where they pho-

82 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Photographer Carol Highsmith on location. tographed every county of Northern Ireland and the Irish republic. This was Ted’s and Carol’s only book based on travel outside the United States. In the words of two reviewers: “Ireland is a spectacular new addition to the author’s series, with warm words and gorgeous photographs that perfectly capture the Emerald Isle’s unique spirit.” “A beautiful book that celebrates the people and the country... Ireland is a great book about a great place!” Since retiring, Landphair and Highsmith have travelled eight months a year to portray American regions, places, cities, rural sites and its diverse culture. As Ted put it on retiring from the Voice In 2012 in a goodbye note: “Here at the Voice of America, many others and I strongly believe that a sa- cred part of our mission is to tell the world the truth about our nation and our people. The commendable, the troubling, even the unflattering. That’s why I’ve taken pains to describe some rough-hewn, hard luck places on our byways and back roads that Carol calls ‘disappearing America,’ as well as our glory destinations. We are a sprawling land, diverse geographically and ethnically. A complicated place, young as civilizations go. So I’ve mixed in a lot of history in order to put the American experience into context.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 83 EUNA LEE THE WORLD IS BIGGER NOW (WITH LISA DICKEY) BROADWAY BOOKS, 2010, HARDCOVER, 320 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2010, 627 KB.

Seasoned journalist Euna Lee was born and and Ling were pardoned by then North Korean l After her release, Lee worked to pick up raised in South Korea and moved to the Unit- eader Kim Jong-il on August 5, 2009, after the pieces of her life. She was a recipient of ed States in her teens. After studying film and former U.S. president Bill Clinton traveled to Glamour magazine’s 2009 Women of the Year broadcasting at San Francisco’s Academy of Art North Korea to negotiate their release. award, freelanced as a video and photojournal- University, she started her broadcasting career The World is Bigger Now is Lee’s memoir of ist, earned a master’s degree in journalism from at TechTV as a video editor. In 2005, she joined her captivity in North Korea, discussing in detail Columbia University, and worked for Fusion Current TV, the cable network then co-owned the tactics, intimidation, and interrogations she media, AJ+, and Al Jazeera. In January 2017, by former Vice President Al Gore. Lee worked on underwent while her captors sought her confes- she joined VOA as the television executive pro- short and long form documentaries as producer sions. As a native Korean, she was called a trai- ducer of the Korean Service, where she creates and editor. On March 17, 2009, while working tor to her Korean blood, feared that she would and oversees the Service’s television produc- on a human trafficking story for Current TV, never see her parents, husband, or 4-year-old tions. She strives to be a voice for the voiceless she and colleague Laura Ling were captured, daughter again, and worried that any moment and a window for those with no access to out- tried, and imprisoned by the North Korean re- she would be taken to prison camp. side information. gime and sentenced to 12 years’ hard labor. Lee

84 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES JEAN-PIERRE LEROY UNDER THE RUBBLE: RESCUE IS ONE STEP AWAY FROM AN UNDOUBTABLE FAITH AUTHORHOUSE PUBLISHING, 2013, 236 PAGES.

Mr. Leroy is an investigative journalist, author, OTHER WORKS BY JEAN-PIERRE LEROY painter, and musician who has been working Shipwrecks in the Caribbean, Authorhouse with the VOA Creole Service to Haiti since 2007. Publishing, 2016, 126 pages. This fictional He is a sportscaster, radio and TV anchor, and novel, the author says, is a story of hope for a reporter for VOA Creole’s programming on ag- population left alone, facing drought, hunger, riculture and the environment, education, and and unemployment. Their only dream is to citizen journalism. He speaks Creole, French, En- take to the sea, risking their lives to reach the glish, and Spanish. Turks and Caicos Islands and the Florida coast, Under the Rubble, according to a review, “the promised land”, for a better life. In this “is the exciting story of a family “under the rub- thriller, Jean-Pierre Leroy says, he combines ble” after the devastating earthquake in Haiti on desperation, fear, and ongoing suspense with January 12, 2010. This thriller is half-fiction, half humor. This novel is a source of hope for young reality. It depicts the socio-political, economic, Haitians, and encouragement for Haitian officials and psychology of Haitian life under the tents to create jobs in coastal cities, as well as an during the first six months after the earthquake. advocacy against clandestine boat trips. Love, solidarity, beliefs, poverty and insecurity Pou Yon Lòt Ayiti (For a Brand New Haiti). are mingled in this passionate story.” Leroy’s first poetry book tells of the social, polit- ical, and economic situation of the hundreds of thousands of Haitians living in tent cities after the January 12, 2010 earthquake.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 85 PATRICIA GATES LYNCH THANKS FOR LISTENING: HIGH ADVENTURES IN JOURNALISM AND DIPLOMACY COURTING HOUSE PRESS, INC. BLOOMFIELD HILLS, MICHIGAN, 2008, 389 PAGES.

For nearly a quarter of a century, Pat Gates She served until 1989. Her professional ca- (her on-air name) hosted or co-hosted the reer concluded with several years as a special English-language Breakfast Show, a widely-cel- advisor to Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty in its ebrated VOA morning program. The first words Washington office. of her book title, Thanks for Listening, match the Thanks for Listening is a sweeping autobiog- signoff she often used. raphy that Justice Sandra Day O’Connor praised She was one of the first female disc jockeys in the introduction to the book. “Her beautiful in the Washington, D.C. area, having worked in voice,” Justice O’Connor wrote, “became Ameri- the late 1950s at WFAX-AM in the DC suburb of ca’s voice heard around the world. Her voice and Falls Church. During a break in her VOA years, her program are still the things people remember she served on First Lady Pat Nixon’s staff in most fondly about our country. Reading about the White House. In 1986, President Reagan ap- the people Pat interviewed for VOA is a Who’s pointed her ambassador to Madagascar and the Who around the world.” Comoros Islands.

86 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES BILL MCGUIRE TALES OF AN AMERICAN CULTURE VULTURE IUNIVERSE INCORPORATED, 2003, HARDCOVER, 208 PAGES; 2003, PAPERBACK, 258 PAGES; 2003, KINDLE EDITION, 1391 KB.

Bill McGuire worked for 17 years in VOA’s ordinary people in these two cultures interact? Russian Service, and traveled around the USA How could young Americans and Russians reach and USSR with high-level American and Soviet cultural détente? McGuire explains his part in delegations. A native of Pennsylvania, he studied this unusual match-up in his entertaining book, Russian at Georgetown University and worked which was originally meant to be solely for his on three USIA-sponsored exhibits in the USSR family rather than published commercially. It is before joining Voice of America. filled with his experiences in the USSR and in the As an American educated in Russian, McGuire USA, including his years with VOA. had a unique perspective on his involvement in Amazon reviewer M. Potiyevskiy wrote “I was a variety of exchange experiences. While much listening to Bill at VOA when I was a kid growing has been written about relations and negotia- up in USSR. Great memories. The book itself is tions between the governments of the United accurate and funny, depicting the Soviet reality States and the former Soviet Union, how did of the 1970s.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 87 HARUN MARUF AND DAN JOSEPH INSIDE AL-SHABAAB: THE SECRET HISTORY OF AL-QAEDA’S MOST POWERFUL ALLY INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2018, 314 PAGES.

Harun Maruf, a senior editor in VOA’s Soma- lowest foot soldier to high-ranking commanders li Service, has covered Somalia since the early and officials, spoke about their motivations for 1990s. Earlier, he worked for the BBC and Asso- joining the group. Al-Shabaab’s statements and ciated Press as a reporter in Somalia and as a videos reveal their operations and how they re- Human Rights Watch researcher. He is reputedly cruit. The book also shows how close the group the most followed Somali journalist on Twitter, came to toppling Somalia’s Transitional Federal which makes him a primary news source for resi- Government (TFG) in 2009 and 2010, and how dents in the Horn of Africa. VOA editor Dan Joseph the TFG survived with the help of the U.S. and has headed VOA’s Africa desk in the central news- Somalia’s East Africa neighbors. Harun Maruf Dan Joseph room since December 2005. His work brought him Paul Cruickshank, a CNN contributor on terror- into close contact with Maruf, and mutual interest ism and Editor-in-Chief of the “Combating Ter- in the Al-Shabaab story led to their collaboration rorism Center Sentinel” monthly publication of on this book. the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, While most have heard of Al-Qaeda, the East said of the book, “A compelling and deeply re- Africa terrorist group Al-Shabaab is not quite as searched history of Al-Shabaab which lifts the well- known outside the region, despite its equally veil on one of the world’s most dangerous and violent jihadist agenda. Maruf, a renowned author- resilient terrorist groups. Harun Maruf and Dan ity on Al-Shabaab, and Joseph have written a com- Joseph have drawn on their extensive experi- pelling, revealing examination of the group’s histo- ence reporting on Somalia and interviews with ry, motivation, and supporters while also drawing key former figures in al-Shabaab to produce a clear picture of its connections with Al-Qaeda. one of the most important books ever written on Inside Al-Shabaab is built on a wealth of inter- jihadi militancy in Africa. This book is essential views, letters, case files, and many other primary reading for everybody interested in Somalia and sources. Former Al-Shabaab militants, from the the evolution of global jihad.”

88 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES MOLLY MCKITTERICK THE MEDIUM IS MURDER ST. MARTIN’S PRESS, 1991, 224 PAGES.

Molly McKitterick is an editor in the VOA by St. Martin’s Press. The London Times called it News Center, and previously a reporter for “crime novel of the year,” praising its “whiplash VOA. She is an Emmy-award winner who has wit and splendidly crafted plot.” Amazon.com anchored and reported at television stations in reader Jeremy L. Smith’s review of The Medium Louisville and Washington. is Murder: “This is a really fun little mystery nov- The fictional novel,The Medium is Murder, el that I very much enjoyed. It keeps you guess- McKitterick’s first, garnered Japan’s 1990 Sun- ing til the end, and the dialogue among the char- tory Award. It was the first ever American win- acters as well as telling of the story itself is witty ner of the Japanese Suntory Award for mys- and clever. It isn’t overly long and is something tery fiction.The Medium is Murder became a you’ll breeze right through.” best-seller in Japan, where it was also turned Molly McKitterick also wrote Murder in a into a made-for-television movie. The book was Mayonnaise Jar (sequel to The Medium is Mur- published in the U.K. by Scribner’s and in the U.S. der), St. Martin’s Press, 1993, 211 pages.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 89 DORA MEKOUAR (WRITING AS D.M. QUINCY) MURDER IN MAYFAIR: AN ATLAS CATESBY MYSTERY CROOKED LANE BOOKS, 2017, 304 PAGES HARDCOVER; CROOKED LANE BOOKS, 2018, 320 PAGES PAPERBACK; KINDLE EDITION, 2017, 2167 KB

Dora Mekouar is the first VOA author yet found and enjoyed writing, but it all clicked into place who uses a pen name—D.M. Quincy. She is a pro- after she took a chance on reading a book from lific author with 10 titles to her credit so far, in his- an unfamiliar genre – historical romance. Her torical romance and mystery. The pen name keeps enjoyment of the book launched her on a course her journalist and author personas separate. to authorship, focusing on books with historical Mekouar is curator and producer of VOA’s dai- settings and romantic plots. ly digital newsletter, Today@VOA. “I highlight “My jobs in the news field had a lot of unhap- fresh, unique content (for the newsletter) that py endings. There were car crashes and police can only be found at VOA,” she says. mysteries to solve, but with my romance novels Dora grew up in a U.S. Foreign Service fam- I could always guarantee a happy ending,” Mek- ily. She lived in and visited many countries, ouar says. including Bolivia, Egypt, India, Jamaica, Jordan, So Diana Quincy was born. Her work has Morocco, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, and Thailand. gained acclaim from readers and reviewers “We listened to VOA when we lived overseas,” alike. Library Journal named Murder in Mayfair, she says. “I remember on Thanksgiving 1979, the author’s first historical mystery, as one of Dad told us he’d heard on VOA that we were being its Best Books of the Year. And her historical ro- evacuated from Pakistan. It was the day after the mance, The Duke Who Ravished Me, was named U.S. embassy in Islamabad has been attacked an Amazon Best Book of the Month. and burned to the ground.” “Dashing and enjoyably melodramatic.” (Kirkus She joined VOA herself in 2010 after a career in Reviews) “[A] cleverly plotted series launch.” local news where she earned an Emmy nomina- (Publishers Weekly) “A little suspense, a lit- tion and developed a basis for her personal writ- tle romance and two characters who deserve to ing career. She’d always been a voracious reader find their happy.From London with Love was an

90 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES addictive read.” (The Caffeinated Book Reviewer) er says, “There were several twists and turns I REBELLIOUS BRIDES SERIES “This was a truly fun read. I do like a good Regen- didn’t expect. Quincy’s writing really gives a fla- • Spy Fall, Loveswept, 2016, 277 pages. cy romance and this one had a lot of sexy times, vor of the time period and I enjoyed the small de- • A License to Wed, Loveswept, 2016, 277 mystery and lots of regency propriety.” (book- tails she wove in throughout.” pages. maven623) “Seducing Charlotte is an engaging, D.M. Quincy publishes an average of two books • From London with Love, Loveswept, 2017, exciting and passionate romance you’ll devour a year, which in the romance community, she ex- 233 pages. in no time. Diana Quincy’s writing style and sto- plains, is rather low output. Her mystery novels • The Duke Who Ravished Me, Loveswept, rytelling were captivating, the characters were take eight to nine months to research and plot, 2018, 259 pages. delightful … I discovered a new favourite author longer than the romances. Her friends and fami- ACCIDENTAL PEERS SERIES and I can’t wait to read more stories by Diana ly have been supportive and encouraging about • Seducing Charlotte, Entangled: Scandal- Quincy!!!” (Book Lovers Inc.) this literary path, and celebrate with her over ous, 2013, 263 pages. Quincy’s books fall into three series—Rebel- each award and honor her books receive. Expect • Tempting Bella, Entangled: Scandalous, lious Brides, Accidental Peers, and the Atlas many more books from Ms. Quincy. 2013, 283 pages. Catesby mysteries. • Compromising Willa, Entangled: Scan- The latest book in her new mystery series, dalous, 2013, 251 pages. Murder in Bloomsbury, is a fast-paced murder • Engaging the Earl, Entangled: Scandal- mystery with a hint of romance between the ous, 2014, 270 pages. two main characters, Atlas Catesby and Lilliana ATLAS CATESBY MYSTERIES Warwick. Lilliana suspects the alleged suicide of • Murder in Mayfair, Crooked Lane Books, her brother’s maid was really a murder and hires 2018, 320 pages. Atlas to help solve the crime. Kirkus Reviews • Murder in Bloomsbury, Crooked Lane calls it, “A spirited and romantic mystery with Books, 2018, 304 pages. a most surprising ending.” A Goodreads review-

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 91 HEATHER MURDOCK EVERYTHING IS POSSIBLE IN YEMEN: THE MISADVENTURES OF A FIRST-TIME JOURNALIST IN THE MIDDLE EAST CREATESPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHER, 2012, 361 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2012, 748 KB.

After working with the Associated Press, interviewed soldiers and newly freed victims of concludes, ‘already hungry families in the battle Christian Science Monitor, Bloomberg News, the nearly three year occupation of Iraq’s sec- zones could starve’.” Radio France International, and many others, ond-largest city. In April 2017, just two months Heather Murdock’s chronicle of her early jour- Heather Murdock is today a seasoned frontline before the liberation, Iraqis who had just been nalism experience, Everything Is Possible in Ye- international correspondent for VOA. She covers freed told Heather that many of their family men, seems as true today as it was when the book the tumultuous Middle East, focusing on events members seemed trapped in a death grip. “Twen- was published. Her career as a deskbound writ- in Iraq, Syria, and other countries in the region ty one-year-old Ali, just freed, said: ‘My brother er for a Yemeni newspaper came to a quick halt and North Africa. Her talents have expanded to just called me from our neighborhood. The Islam- when an Al Qaeda suicide bomber in a civilian include a variety of media in addition to radio, ic State caught 30 people after we fled last night, plane over Detroit with a bomb in his underwear including TV, online video, still photography, and killed them. They hung some of the bodies was seized by U. S. authorities before he could and Facebook Live for VOA streaming. She is re- on the bridge as a warning to others who want to detonate it. When he said he was from Yemen, cipient of the 2010 Associated Press Managing run’.” Ali’s bare feet sink into the mud,” Heather all manner of media—including Time Magazine, Editors “International Perspective” award for her wrote. “‘One of my shoes got stuck in the mud as CBS Evening News, and the New Statesman mag- work in Yemen for the Washington Times, and I was fleeing, so I left them,’ Ali explains, shrug- azine—rushed to get coverage from the scene by the 2017 VOA Burke Award for her coverage of ging. Families, Ali says, are now left with terrible the relatively unknown reporter named Heather the Mosul offensive. choices. ‘If you survive the offensive, IS militants Murdock. During 2017 Heather filed numerous accounts may kill you as they hurl mortars, sniper fire and In describing the breakthrough, a reviewer of from Mosul, Iraq, during the nine-month of- suicide bombs into Iraqi-controlled neighbor- Everything is Possible in Yemen put it this way: fensive that led to its liberation from ISIS. She hoods. And if the war continues much longer,’ Ali “Soon after her tentative entry as a profession-

92 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES al journalist, Heather is flush with new assign- ments in the civil war-torn country... With the enthusiasm of a newbie and the grace of a bull, she traverses the country, visiting child brides, refugees, rebels and ordinary Yemeni fami- lies. In every corner of Yemen’s ancient coun- tryside, she finds humor, worship and blazing Yemeni determination.” Readers were enthusiastic, writing “This book captivated me on the first page and by the end of the first part, I was completely hooked, I could not stop reading”; “Heather Murdock demonstrates a strong aptitude for story-tell- ing that brings to life a fascinating series of characters and circumstances”; “I had never really thought about the ongoing danger that journalists around the world experience on a daily basis until I read the book”; and, “The Heather Murdock in the field. author had me from the first chapter!”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 93 JOHN PAXSON BONES THOMAS & MERCER, 183 PAGES HARDCOVER, 1997; PAPERBACK REPRINT WORLDWIDE LIBRARY PUBLISHERS, 1999, 250 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2013, 446 KB.

John Paxson began his career at the Voice of of Communications at Washington State Universi- America in 1972, where he served as a newswrit- ty. There he was director of the Murrow Boot Camp er and later as Chicago bureau chief. In 1983, he and was responsible for expanding the news cov- joined CBS and three years later became its Los erage and content of Northwest Public Radio, the Angeles deputy bureau chief. Subsequent CBS largest public radio network in the Northwest, cov- assignments included production chief in Dallas ering parts of Idaho, Washington state, Oregon and (1990-1995), and Vice President, Europe, and bu- British Columbia. reau chief of CBS London (1997 to 2006). There Bones is the story of long-missing paleontolo- he directed coverage of events in Europe, the gy student, Scott Grady, and little-known investi- Middle East and South Asia, supervising cover- gator Ben Tripp, hired to re-trace Grady’s route in age of the Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghan, and Iraq wars, the backwoods of western Montana and pick up his the deaths and burials of Mother Teresa in Cal- trail or find his grave. In a review, newsman Dan cutta and Princess Diana in France and England, Rather said, “It is everything a novel should be: a the Asia tsunami and various other man-made good story, well told, tightly and wonderfully writ- and natural disasters. ten. Besides that, it is short, savvy, and superb, with Mr. Paxson was a three-time Emmy Award win- twists, turns and more than enough depth to keep ner at CBS, and from 2011-2016 served as director any reader eagerly lapping up the pages.” of news and current affairs at the Murrow College

94 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES OTHER WORK BY JOHN PAXSON INCLUDES: A Golden Trail of Murder, Thomas & Mercer Elvis Live at Five: A Novel, Thomas Dunne Publishers, 2001, 192 pages hardcover; Worldwide Books, 2002, 224 pages. What is a desperate news Library, 2003, 256 pages; Kindle edition, 2013, director to do when faced with seriously low rat- 468 KB. Once again investigator Ben Tripp heads ings? Nick Upton, the character in Elvis Live at to Montana, this time during the cold and merci- Five, uses a computer-generated Elvis to host an less winter, where a rancher is believed to have afternoon talk show. Its success quickly spirals out frozen to death in a recent blizzard. The rancher’s of control – first to anchoring the five o’clock news, grandson, though, believes he was murdered. It’s a then to “news manufacturing” when things get race against time as Tripp unravels a secret “as old dull. Where will it end? In his review for the Amer- as the hills, and at least to some, worth more than ican Library Association site “Booklist” David Pitt life itself.” One reader lauds it as having “Clever writes, “Paxson, the author of two thrillers, makes characters supported by interesting science that a comfortable transition from drama to light com- gives the plot more substance than the usual who- edy with this gentle spoof of network television. It done-it mystery. Lots of action that drives the story probably doesn’t hurt that he’s a 30-year veteran without unnecessary brutality.” of broadcast journalism and an excellent storytell- er with a knack for putting realistic characters into unreal situations.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 95 American performers enacting a scene from the Pasadena Playhouse production of The People Win Through by Thakin Nu, prime minister of Burma.

96 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES HÜLYA S. .POLAT . TEK DERDIM SANA HASRET GI TMEK (MY ONLY REGRET IS THAT I STILL LONG FOR YOU) . EVRIM SANAT PUBLISHING, TURKEY, 2002, 155 PAGES.

Hülya S. Polat, chief of VOA’s Turkish Service, and artistic use of language earned praise from has worked at VOA since February 1980. She was Turkey’s first Minister of Culture, the famed recruited from Turkey, and has been an accom- poet, translator, and cultural historian Professor plished and enthusiastic television, radio, and Dr. Talât Halman. Although she would like to digital reporter, host, and blogger throughout. publish several more books, especially a nov- She is also the first and only female chief of the el based on her own experience fighting breast Turkish Service since it began in 1942. cancer, Polat is still highly engaged with her TEK DERDİM SANA HASRET GİTMEK is filled work at VOA, her family, and volunteer work, so with short stories illustrating the experiences that will have to wait for a bit. and difficulties of immigrant life. Polat’s skillful

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 97 DR. MARK G. POMAR ANATOLY FEDOROVICH KONI: LIBERAL JURIST AS MORALIST CENTER FOR RUSSIAN & EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES, UNIVERSITY CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, 1996.

Dr. Pomar, an internationally-known scholar Pomar’s biography of Russian legal expert of law, corruption, trust in the legal system, the of Soviet and Russian history, served as execu- and writer Anatoly Koni (1844-1927) is an in- use of juries, among other things.” tive director of the BIB (Board for International depth portrait of a scholar and activist who, in Many Russian jurists today, Pomar concluded, Broadcasting, the former oversight agency of the words of one fellow historian, “embodied the look back to the late 19th century as “a golden Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty) and director of general principles of European liberalism.” Koni age” of Russian legal thinking. They now are the USSR Division of VOA, where he was also an was a professor of law, a writer, prosecutor, and finally “finding their rightful place in Russian on-air announcer in the early 1970s. judge as well as member of Russia’s Senate in history.” As a member of the Harriman National He has also served as CEO and president of the the twilight years of the Tsarist era. Advisory Council, he says that despite govern- U.S. Russia Foundation for Economic Advance- Dr. Pomar sums up the work of the USRF and ment harassment, many leading Russian uni- ment and the Rule of Law (USRF), and presi- his own portrait of 19th and 20th century schol- versities—and particularly young Russians—are dent of IREX (the International Research and ars in Russia this way: “I have had the oppor- open to learning best international practices in- Exchanges Board), now one of the largest tunity to see the contemporary Russian legal spired by Koni and Western legal scholars. U.S. nonprofit organizations that administers system up close. Mark Pomar also wrote Russian Historical education and training programs worldwide. He It is fraught with many of the same concerns Drama of the Early 19th Century (Ph.D. thesis, holds a Ph.D. in Russian Literature and History and problems that faced Koni and his colleagues: 1978; reprint 1981, 327 pages) from Columbia University. relations with the West, establishment of the rule

98 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES ROBERT R. REILLY SURPRISED BY BEAUTY: A LISTENER’S GUIDE TO THE RECOVERY OF MODERN MUSIC IGNATIUS PRESS, 2016, 510 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2016, 1367 KB, CO- AUTHORED WITH JENS F. LAURSON.

Robert R. Reilly, the 25th director of VOA itual perspective of the work of more than sixty OTHER WORK BY ROBERT REILLY INCLUDES: (2001-2002) is currently director of the West- 20th and 21st century composers. It is substan- Making Gay Okay: How Rationalizing minster Institute, a think tank that specializes in tially updated from the first edition, with new Homosexual Behavior is Changing Everything, contemporary foreign affairs and cultural issues. material by Reilly and a new co-author, Jens Ignatius Press, 2015, 250 pages. In his 25 years of U.S. government service, Reilly Laurson, and in-depth interviews with Rob- The Prospects and Perils of Catholic-Muslim served in the White House as a special assistant ert Craft, Gian Carlo Menotti, George Rochberg, Dialogue, Westminster Institute, 2014, 48 pages. to President Reagan. More recently, he was a se- David Diamond, and others. The Closing of the Muslim Mind: How Intel- nior adviser to the Iraqi Ministry of Information In composer Diamond’s view: “Robert lectual Suicide Created the Modern Islamist during Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2003 and Reilly is at all times attuned to a composer’s spir- Crisis, Intercollegiate Studies Institute, 2010, a key aide on information strategy to the U.S. itual inner strength but balanced by a vital and hardcover and paperback, 2011, 244 pages; Kin- Secretary of Defense (2002-2006). He taught at original intellectual stamina. He is a pleasure to dle edition, 2014, 494KB. the National Defense University in 2007 and has read, and a pleasure to cherish.” And as Nation- Ideas Matter: Restoring the Content of U.S. published widely on theology, public diplomacy, al Public Radio music critic Ted Libbey put it in Public Diplomacy, The Heritage Foundation, and classical music. a foreword to the 2016 edition: “The best music 2009, 23 pages. Reilly is a prolific writer, both as an author of the 20th century “developed our capacity for and contributor. His most recent book is a feeling, deepened our compassion, and furthered second edition of his 2002 book Surprised by our quest for and understanding of what Aristotle READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF Beauty: A Listener’s Guide to the Recovery of called ‘the perfect end of life’.” THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM. Modern Music. It includes analyses from a spir-

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 99 DR. WALTER ROBERTS TITO, MIHAILOVIC, AND THE ALLIES, 1941-1945 RUTGERS UNIVERSITY PRESS, HARDCOVER, 1973, 406 PAGES; DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS, PAPERBACK, 1987, 427 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2012, 6055KB.

Dr. Walter R. Roberts was a pioneer broadcast- Tito, Mihajlov, and the Allies, 1941-1945 is an Barry Fulton, chair of the Walter R. Roberts er with VOA, joining the organization just a few extensive account of the complex struggle be- Endowment at The George Washington Uni- weeks after its first broadcast in 1942 and serv- tween rival factions in Yugoslavia during World versity, edited a collection of Roberts’ scholarly ing there until 1950. Later, he was public affairs War II that ended with communist leader Tito’s works and in August 2016 it was published in officer at the U.S. Embassy in Belgrade, and held emergence as its leader. “There is a saying,” Dr. Roberts’ name. The Compleat Public Diplomat, posts on the State Department’s Austrian desk Roberts writes in the preface, “that Yugoslavia published by CreateSpace Independent Pub- and the U.S. mission to the United Nations in is a country with seven frontiers, six republics, lishing Platform, North Charleston, SC, runs 176 Geneva. He became Associate Director of the five nationalities, four languages, three religions, pages. The Kindle edition is 1002KB. The book’s United States Information Agency in 1971. two alphabets, and one boss.” That was its post- cover shows a photograph of the distinguished After retiring from government service in 1974, World War II condition until Tito’s death in 1980 scholar speaking into an early VOA microphone Dr. Roberts became a nationally known professor and the breakup of Yugoslavia after the civil war inscribed with the German language label, Die and scholar at Georgetown and George Washing- of the 1990s. A reviewer in Foreign Affairs termed Stimme Amerikas. Dr. Roberts died in June 2014, ton Universities, and later as a member of the Dr. Robert’s World War II account the “best book just shy of his 98th birthday, and Barry Fulton’s U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy. on the subject.” anthology is a special tribute on the 100th anni- versary of Walter Roberts’ birth.

100 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES LINA ROZBIH-HAIDARI THE PROMISE OF PARADISE – A COLLECTION OF POEMS VIJ BOOKS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED, 2015, PERSIAN, PAPERBACK, 260 PAGES.

Lina Rozbih-Haidari, Dari managing editor at Voice of America, began her career at VOA as a radio broadcaster in 2003. In 2006 she was select- ed as main Dari news anchor for VOA’s TV Ashna weekday newscast. She and her Pashto-language colleague Shaista Sadat were the first female broadcasters to appear on television in Afghanistan without wearing hi- jabs (headscarves). Rozbih-Haidari is also an acclaimed and award-winning Afghan writer and poet. Her latest publication, The Promise of Paradise, is a collection of more than 140 poems in Dari and Farsi. Through these poems, she con- centrates on the suffering of the people of Afghanistan, particularly women and girls, as they live through conflict after conflict. Born in Kabul, Roz- bih-Haidari draws on hardships she herself has undergone as a refugee in creating her poems, each of which echoes the tragedies of Afghanistan’s war-torn recent history. Fluent in Dari, English, French, and Hindi/Urdu, her literary contributions have been recognized and featured in books about contemporary Afghan poets and female writers.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 101 DR. JOHN J.SCHULZ SONGS FROM A DISTANT COCKPIT CREATESPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHING PLATFORM, 2013, 290 PAGES.

Dr. John Schulz is a retired VOA news editor and former VOA foreign correspondent who also has been an Oxford scholar, National War College professor, and associate director of the Arms Control Association, as well as a veteran fighter pilot in 275 missions over Vietnam. During his 21 years at VOA, he served in Hong Kong, Tokyo, and Islamabad. Born in Montana, Schulz had dreamed of becoming a foreign correspon- dent after high school so he chose a scholarship to the University of Mon- tana’s School of Journalism over a football scholarship to Notre Dame. He won a prize for his poetry and wrote for the University’s independent stu- dent paper, the Montana Kaimin, and served as an Air Force ROTC cadet. The basis for his book comes largely from his experience flying 275 mis- sions over Vietnam in the F-100 Super Sabre, widely known as “the most dangerous plane ever built.” In describing Songs From a Distant Cockpit, an Amazon.com review said: “Whether readers have ever flown a jet, or just wished to do so, and whether you served in Vietnam or elsewhere, you will be riveted by this fast-paced and vivid account in prose and poetry that tells the story of a special breed of men, the hand-picked few who led death-defying lives as F-100 Super Sabre pilots.” Schulz also wrote Please Don’t Do That, a 38-page pocket guide to good writing, Marquette Books, 2008.

102 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES FRANK SESNO ASK MORE: THE POWER OF QUESTIONS TO OPEN DOORS, UNCOVER SOLUTIONS, AND SPARK CHANGE AMAZON PRESS, 2017, 272 PAGES.

Frank Sesno is a former CNN anchor, White House correspondent and Washington bureau chief, and is now director of the School of Media and Public Affairs at the George Washington Uni- versity in Washington, DC. He began his journal- istic career as a writer in the Special (Learning) English unit at VOA. He has interviewed dozens of world leaders, including five U.S. presidents, and is the creator of Planet Forward, an inno- vative forum seeking solutions to some of the world’s most difficult challenges. Ask More is a fast-paced book on how to pose questions in many fields and get productive re- sponses. It asks: “What hidden skills link success- ful people in all walks of life? What helps them make smart decisions? The answer is surprising- ly simple: they know how to ask the right ques- tions at the right time. Questions help us break down barriers, discover secrets, solve puzzles, and imagine new ways of doing things. But few of us know how to question in a methodical way.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 103 SUSAN SHAND SINJAR: 14 DAYS THAT SAVED THE YAZIDIS FROM ISLAMIC STATE LYONS PRESS, 2018, 264 PAGES.

Susan Shand came to VOA in 2008 to produce but not hospitable, a dry, treeless mountain with television news. For about 10 years she worked temperatures soaring into triple digits and sur- on programs for audiences in Kurdistan/northern rounded by enemy forces. Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Sinjar: 14 Days that Saved the Yazidis from Azerbaijan, and Uzbekistan. While learning about Islamic State tells the incredible story of how and covering the story of Yazidi and other IS refu- Yazidis in the U.S., many of whom had served as gees, she traveled to the region several times and interpreters for the U.S. military in Iraq, marshalled gained first-hand knowledge of the people and their resources and determined to save their com- area. munity back home. From all over the U.S. they One of the most affected victims of Islamic State came to Washington, DC to persuade “the powers was the Yazidis, an important Kurdish-speaking that be” to recognize the attack on the Yazidis as minority community based in northern Iraq. IS genocide, and to prevent its success. Five days declared them a “pagan minority” and determined after the IS invasion, American bombs began fall- to wipe them out. In August 2014 IS forces at- ing around Mount Sinjar and food and water were tacked, killing thousands and forcing thousands of dropped to the desperate survivors atop the Mount. women and girls into sexual slavery. About 50,000 One of those influential Yazidis was Susan’s “fortunate” Yazidis fled to a holy site, Mount Sinjar, colleague at Voice of America, and his story is a where they were stranded. Mount Sinjar was holy crucial part of the book.

104 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES STEVE SHEPARD A MURDER OF CROWS THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN PRESS, 1990, 282 PAGES.

In addition to his work as a VOA newswrit- Discovering that the photographs are contam- er, Shepard’s career also includes more than a inated by radioactivity, he begins to suspect a decade at ABC News, where he covered the White conspiracy, and ends up being chased by U.S. House, Pentagon, and State Department. and Russian agents. His novel A Murder of Crows takes place in the A Publishers Weekly reviewer wrote, “Shep- post-communist era, when the “Evil Empire” has ard’s background as the chief Pentagon corre- broken up. While the Soviet Union/Russia may spondent for ABC News serves him well as he no longer appear to be a threat, can the same be fills in background and local color. Some of the said of individual Russians? The novel presents scenes written from the Russian perspective are a group of embittered Russian military officers heavy-handed, but this promising debut fea- who plot to put Russia back on top by forcing the tures an engaging lead trapped in a doomsday U.S. to significantly reduce its nuclear weaponry. scenario that’s both terrifying and believable.” They smuggle disguised thermonuclear weap- Library Journal’s review recommended the book, ons into key U.S. cities by taking advantage of writing that Shepard “will be popular with fans budget cuts to the overstretched U.S. Customs of Tom Clancy and Frederick Forsyth,” while Service. Shepard’s unlikely hero is a young ru- Kirkus Reviews calls the book “a diverting and ral doctor who stumbles onto the plot by photo- workmanlike debut thriller.” Readers found it graphing the aftermath of an accident involving “intriguing, entertaining, a great read,” and “a a truck carrying one of the disguised weapons. ‘don’t put me down’ special.”

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 105 CHARLES THAYER BEARS IN THE CAVIAR J.B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, 1950, HARDCOVER; RUSSIAN INFORMATION SERVICES, 2015, PAPERBACK, 310 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2015, 3113 KB.

Charles W. Thayer, son of a Philadelphia soci- rank, eventually becoming the chargé d’affaires Bears in the Caviar is an engaging account ety family, served as Voice of America’s Director (second in command) of the U.S. Embassy in Ka- of a U.S. diplomat in Russia deeply tied into the from 1948 to 1949. Mr. Thayer’s career in diplo- bul, Afghanistan, in 1942. pulse of diplomacy during the infant stages of macy began with a leap of faith, when he trav- In 1948 he was named director of the Voice U.S.-Russian/Soviet relations. His humorous elled to Russia without any prior knowledge of of America, where he established the Russian memoir melds history with comedy through the the country or the language, with the assump- Service. Thayer returned to the Foreign Service lens of a bright and well-versed author. It spans tion that being in the right place at the right after Voice of America, serving in several con- the early years in his career, from his time as time would yield a position at the soon-to-come sular positions in Germany until 1953. Thayer the captain of the polo team at West Point to his U.S. embassy in Moscow. His big risk paid off, was forced to resign from government service travels throughout Europe after the war. Kirkus sparking a career that would lead him across the through the efforts of J. Edgar Hoover’s FBI and Reviews said, “A disarming, debonair narra- world, where he eventually learned to speak no Sen. Joseph McCarthy’s Red Scare and Lavender tive—which even in high places—does not stand fewer than nine languages. Aside from English, Scare campaigns. on ceremony.” This first book by Thayer was so he was fluent in Russian, French, German, and Thayer was a skilled and prolific author, popular that it was republished in 2015, 65 years Spanish, and spoke Italian, Serbian, Bulgarian, writing a number of highly-regarded books after its original publication. Slovene, and Persian. His talent for languages, and publishing a steady flow of articles on his work ethic, and “ready wit” led him to advance in experiences in diplomatic and federal affairs.

106 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

OTHER BOOKS BY CHARLES THAYER Hands Across the Caviar, J.B. Lippincott Russia, Life World Library series, Time Inc., Indo-China, Greece, Malaya, Vietnam, Poland, Company, 1952, hardcover, 251 pages; UK 1960, 152 pages. A family-oriented book illus- and Russia to support his assertion that this edition published by Michael Joseph Ltd., trating in words, pictures, maps, and graphics, new form of warfare requires political strat- 1953. Thayer’s second book continues his the land, its history, and its people. egy in the field in order to determine a win- lively and humorous memoir of international The Unquiet Germans, Harper & Brothers, ning military strategy. As recently as 2012, experience inside and outside of Russia, as 1957; UK edition Michael Joseph Ltd., 1958, 284 one reader remarked on Goodreads, “Although World War II came to a close and other region- pages. A reflection on Germany’s tumultuous the subject has been treated in greater depth, al conflicts persisted. It follows Thayer from past and a look into its future from the perspec- this is probably the best 200 pages available the German “liberation” of Belgrade to round- tive of a diplomat heavily involved in World War on the “big picture” of insurgency….it holds up ing up Nazis in Austria, and eventually his II international relations. very well in light of our recent experiences in role in Russian negotiations in Korea. Moscow Interlude, Harper & Brothers, 1962, Iraq and Afghanistan.” Diplomat, Harper & Brothers, 1959, 299 338 pages. Novel set in post-Stalin Moscow, Checkpoint, Harper & Row, 1964, 303 pages; pages; Praeger Publishers/ Greenwood Press, about the Russian wife of an American diplomat. Pocket, 1965, 235 pages. Novel set in divided 1975, 299 pages. “A timely book – even more Natasha, Michael Joseph Ltd., 1962, 270 Germany. important, it is a constructive book. Mr. pages; New English Library, 256 pages, 1965. Muzzy, Harper & Row, 1966, 196 pages. A Thayer’s thesis is that the U.S. should de- Novel based in Russia. fond memoir of Thayer’s Main Line Philadel- velop top-notch career diplomats.” – Library Guerilla, Harper & Row, 1963; Michael Jo- phia mother. Journal review. seph Ltd., 1964; Signet Paperback 1965 & 1972. Thayer analyzes guerrilla warfare in

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 107 HANS (TOM) TUCH COMMUNICATING WITH THE WORLD: U.S. PUBLIC DIPLOMACY OVERSEAS PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 1990, 224 PAGES.

Tom Tuch is a retired Foreign Service Career tions of successive directors of the U.S. Informa- Arias, Cabalettas, and Foreign Affairs: A Pub- Minister who served more than three decades in tion Agency (USIA). In particular, it concentrates lic Diplomat’s Quasi-Musical Memoir, Washing- Washington, DC and posts overseas, including as on the specific ways in which the U.S. government ton, DC: New Academia Publishing, 2008, 213 a commentary writer and correspondent at VOA practices public diplomacy through its diplomatic pages. A memoir of the author’s love of and inter- Munich from 1957 to 1958. He returned to VOA missions abroad, noting the role of the ambassa- est in classical music and opera in the context of as deputy director and acting director from 1976 dor and the “country team” and the importance of his diplomatic career. to 1981, when he defended and promoted the in- dialogue—the two-way learning experience of Ike and USIA: A Commemorative Sympo- dependence and credibility of VOA and its newly public diplomacy. sium, co-authored with G. Lewis Schmidt, U.S. enacted Charter (Public Law 94-350) in Congress Information Agency Alumni Association and the and at the White House. Earlier, while serving as OTHER WORK BY HANS TUCH INCLUDES: Public Diplomacy Foundation of Washington, DC, Press and Cultural Attaché of the American Em- Atoms at Your Service, co-authored with Hen- 1991, 60 pages. First USIA Director Arthur Larson bassy in Moscow from 1958 to 1961, he depended ry A. Dunlap, Harper and Brothers Publishers, assessed President Eisenhower’s leadership of on and worked closely with VOA as one of his prin- New York, 1957, 168 pages. This book was an in- USIA, founded early in his administration: cipal public diplomacy resources. troduction to the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. “Above all, USIA must stick to the truth. Its tone Communicating with the World defines and Arthur Burns and the Successor Generation, must be positive... In view of the events of the examines public diplomacy in the context of a gov- University Press of America, 1988, 76 pages. past year (the fall of the Berlin wall and collapse ernment’s conduct of foreign affairs and identifies This work reviewed the distinguished American of the Warsaw Pact), one is entitled to conclude its rationale as an outgrowth of the worldwide com- economist’s service as U.S. ambassador in Ger- that Eisenhower was more than 30 years ahead munications revolution, ideological conflicts, and many when Mr. Tuch was counselor of public of his time.” Two VOA veterans of the 1950s the interdependency of nations. The book explains affairs there. and 1960s, Director Henry Loomis and Program the evolution of U.S. public diplomacy after World Manager Barry Zorthian, recalled major events at War II in terms of enabling legislation and the ac- the Voice during this symposium.

108 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES VOA News director Bernie Kamenski, Hans Tuch, Mimi Tuch, March 1980.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 109 SANFORD J. “SANDY” UNGAR THE PAPERS & THE PAPERS: AN ACCOUNT OF THE LEGAL AND POLITICAL BATTLE OVER THE PENTAGON PAPERS DUTTON, HARDCOVER 1ST EDITION 1972, 319 PAGES; PAPERBACK, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1989, 340 PAGES.

Sanford J. “Sandy” Ungar, journalist, author, The Papers & the Papers follows the legal and SANDY UNGAR’S OTHER WORK INCLUDES: and educator, served as the 24th Director of Voice political battle over the Pentagon Papers that were FBI: An Uncensored Look Behind the Walls, of America during 1999 into 2001. Prior to being leaked to the press in 1971. The Pentagon Papers hardcover and paperback both published by Little, named VOA Director, Ungar served as Dean of the were actually excerpts of a Defense Department Brown, 1976, 682 pages. School of Communication at American University report chronicling U.S. political and military in- “Interestingly written for the general reader, this and had an extensive and varied career as an in- volvement in Vietnam 1945-1967. The papers study of the FBI is primarily descriptive rather than ternational journalist. He worked at Foreign Policy reported by the press revealed that the U.S. had analytical so that the author’s judgments must of- magazine, The Washington Post, The Atlantic mag- expanded efforts in and around Vietnam without ten be inferred. If there is a principal conclusion azine, UPI, Newsweek magazine, and NPR. Ungar disclosing them publically. The book was winner it appears to be that the FBI has been “neither as was president of Goucher College, Towson, Mary- of the 1972 George Polk Book Award, a prestigious good nor as bad as anyone had feared or expected.” land, from 2001 to 2014. He is a graduate of Har- journalism award focusing on original, resourceful –Robert A. Horn, Political Science Quarterly vard College and the London School of Economics investigative work that makes a difference. Africa: The People and Politics of an Emerg- and the author of four nonfiction books. “An excellent, fast-paced, reportorial account ing Continent, Reed Business Information, Inc., Ungar, former host of NPR’s All Things of the controversies surrounding the publication 1985; paperback, Touchstone Books 3 Rev Sub Considered, organized the Free Speech Project of the Pentagon Papers. The author produces edition, 1989, 571 pages. based at Georgetown University. The goal is to revealing detail from inside all the camps: The “Sanford Ungar’s exceptionally informative sur- promote civil discussion among staunch advo- Washington Post, The New York Times, the Nix- vey of the Africa of the 1980s will become a stan- cates on all sides in today’s sometimes fractious on Administration, and Daniel Ellsberg.” – The dard reference, but it is much more. He approaches U.S. political debates. Washington Monthly a difficult subject—the political, social and eco- nomic problems of a generally non-understood

110 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM.

continent—in ways that are entertaining as well as thoughtful. It should be required reading for all would-be Africanists and will be a stimulating re- view for “old Africa hands.” –Jerry Funk, The Wash- ington Post Fresh Blood: The New American Immigrants, Simon & Shuster 1995, 400 pages; paperback, Uni- versity of Illinois Press, 1998, 416 pages. Based on hundreds of interviews from across the country, the book explores the struggles and victories of America’s recent immigrants and their contribu- tions to the U.S. “Exactly the right book at the right time. [Ungar] looks at the national controversy over immigra- tion policy with a clear eye, producing a history and a convincing argument why this is no time to reverse a liberal welcome to newcomers that has always—in good times and bad—made this a better and more prosperous democracy.” –Ben H. Bagdikian, author of Double Vision

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 111 CHASE UNTERMEYER ZENITH: IN THE WHITE HOUSE WITH GEORGE H. W. BUSH TEXAS A&M PRESS, 2016, 352 PAGES.

A diarist since the age of nine and a journal- EARLIER BOOKS IN THE TRILOGY ARE: ist early in his career, Chase Untermeyer went to When Things Went Right: The Dawn of the Washington from Texas in 1981 to join the staff Reagan-Bush Administration, Texas A&M Press, of the new vice president, George H. W. Bush. He 2013, 328 pages. served first as executive assistant to the vice pres- “Chase Untermeyer’s insightful and well-writ- ident, then as an Assistant Secretary of the Navy, ten book, When Things Went Right, chronicles the senior White House aide to the first President Bush, first two years that Bush served as vice president and then as 21st director of VOA. More recently, he for President Ronald Reagan. As Bush’s executive served as U.S. ambassador to Qatar. assistant during that period, Untermeyer provides Zenith is the third in a Chase Untermeyer tril- a bird’s eye view of the inner workings of the White ogy. In this book chronicling his role as a senior House and of a man who worked hard and strove to White House post in the Reagan administration. be the very best that he could at everything he did.” Mr. Untermeyer also offers detail about his suc- –James A. Baker, III cess, after joining VOA in 1991, in launching the Inside Reagan’s Navy: The Pentagon Journals, first VOA Ukranian TV program, Window on Amer- Texas A&M Press, 2015, 352 pages. ica, in 1992. As Robert Kagan, author of The World America Made, put it: “Chase Untermeyer’s diary account of his Navy Department service is a delight. As Assis- tant Secretary of the Navy, the same title held by Theodore Roosevelt at another dynamic period in American naval history, Mr. Untermeyer took part in the expansion of the Navy which helped bring a

READ MORE IN "PAST VOA DIRECTORS" IN THE ABOUT VOA SECTION OF peaceful end to the Cold War. Anyone interested in THE VOA PUBLIC RELATIONS WEBSITE, INSIDEVOA.COM. how the U.S. government really works will find this account invaluable.”

112 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES JERILYN WATSON SORROW STREET CREATE SPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHER, 2016, 224 PAGES.

Jerilyn Watson retired from VOA in 2015 after her head to head with a vicious drug dealer who who has experienced the complex and beautiful a quarter of a century of reporting and writing/ hatches a deadly kidnapping scheme. country firsthand could know.” Jeri Watson is editing for VOA Learning English. From its found- “In this gripping and suspense-filled novel set now writing a non-fiction book describing her ing in 1959 until 2013 VOA Learning English was in a Rio pulsating with Olympic fever and crime, own experience and travels over the years. known as Special English, a simplified version of author Jerilyn Watson expertly spins a tale of in- OTHER WORK BY JERILYN WATSON: English using approximately 1500 words. Prior tersecting extremes of wealth and class far from Welcome to Bedlam, Evelyn-Girard, 2002, to joining VOA, Jerilyn wrote for a Chicago met- the tourist scene of Ipanema and Carnival. Along 126 pages. A collection of anecdotes, reflections, ropolitan daily newspaper and taught journalism the way, we encounter compelling characters essays and memories “from an eccentric wom- at Northwestern University, her alma mater. from priest to prostitute to a beautiful and afflu- an’s life” written primarily for family and friends, The main character in Jeri’s fictional novel ent pediatrician thrilled to go slumming with a Watson reports that “somehow it’s still selling on is an American reporter named Sandra Shelton murderous gangster....” —Susan Tejada, author Amazon.” who is suffering from a broken romance and a of In Search of Sacco and Vanzetti: Double Lives, crushing career disappointment. Assigned to a Troubled Times and the Massachusetts Murder news gig in Brazil that she hates, she’s flounder- that Shook the World. ing in the straits of self-pity when two mysteri- Jeri has traveled to Brazil many times in the ous, half-starved street children enter her life. past 18 years, and a Learning English report The reporter tries to help them, but her efforts put says “the book includes detail that only someone

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 113 BARRY D. WOOD EXPLORING NEW EUROPE: A BICYCLE JOURNEY CREATE SPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHER, PAPERBACK, 2017, 204 PAGES; KINDLE EDITION, 2017, 9083 KB.

Barry D. Wood is an internationally-known tial candidate Ronald Reagan in 1980, Warren caused by the collapse of communism. How did journalist and expert in global economics. He Buffett, James Baker, Desmond Tutu, playwright he find these people? By traveling an astounding served as the Voice’s chief specialist on glob- Athol Fugard, and Federal Reserve Vice Chair- 2,500 miles over several trips, alone, from the al trade and finance for more than two decades man Stanley Fischer. shores of the Baltic Sea, through Central Europe, before his retirement in 2009. While serving as While he earned B.A. and M.A. degrees in eco- and over the Carpathian and Balkan mountains the Voice’s Prague correspondent from 1994 to nomics from Western Michigan University, Bar- to the Adriatic Sea. Not wanting to be a “drop in” 1997, he reported from the front lines in Serbia, ry seemed destined to be an adventurer—his tourist, Wood decided to travel this challenging Kosovo, Macedonia, and Albania. Over the years, first overseas travel was a five-month stint as route by bike, which afforded him immense op- Wood filed VOA radio and television reports from a deckhand on the Swedish freighter Parrakoola portunities to meet people from all walks of life, more than 60 countries. The many international from San Francisco to Australia, with later work with all kinds of stories. He has created a book conferences he covered included a G7 summit in on Norwegian and Dutch passenger liners. After of fascinating stories, combined with history for Ise Shimo, Japan; G20 summits in Hamburg, Ger- several years as a correspondent in South Africa, context, unforgettable people, and adventures many and Antalya, Turkey; and at least a dozen he joined VOA. in survival, as he navigates mountains, villages, World Economic Forums in Davos, Switzerland. His book, Exploring New Europe: a Bicycle towns, and cities with a bike, spare supplies, and Among key leaders or scholars interviewed by Journey, combines his equally strong interests his journalist’s curiosity. Wood in what he terms “the New Europe” were in economics and “New Europe” with his athletic, Exploring New Europe exemplifies Wood’s en- Vaclav Klaus, Jeffrey Sachs and Leszek Balcero- adventurous streak. In it, he tells the stories of or- ergy in pursuing a story, and reflecting on those wicz. Other notable interviewees were presiden- dinary people undergoing extraordinary change immediately affected. Reviewers find it engag-

114 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES ing: “Lovely book…everything that you need to see the picture Mr. Wood is seeing at a particular moment…,” “the curiosity Barry Wood brings with each page is contagious…,” “This book provides lots of information, and offbeat history, from ground level, rather than from an ivory tower,” and “The only problem with this book is that it is too short.” Since retiring from VOA, Wood’s writing has appeared in the New York Times, The Washington Post, the U.K.’s Financial Times, the Los Angeles Times and the South China Morning Post. Wood has twice been a guest of C-SPAN, including a 1998 analysis of the planned new European cur- rency. Wood received VOA’s career achievement award and twice has been a grantee of the Wil- son Center for Scholars in Washington, DC.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 115 Some of Voice of America’s languages under the U.S. Information Agency.

116 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES

EPILOGUE Over the years, four authors who didn’t actually work at the Voice of America but lived it or studied it closely, made valuable contributions to readers’ understanding of the network’s history, from even before its first broadcasts 75 in 1942 until the mid-1980s after the VOA Charter was enacted into law. Here is a summary of their work.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 117 MARIA BAUER BEYOND THE CHESTNUT TREES THE OVERLOOK PRESS, WOODSTOCK, NEW YORK, 1984, 221 PAGES.

Maria Bauer is the widow of VOA’s great pio- and eventually landed in New York, where Rob- prophetic because it was written just five years neer broadcaster Robert Bauer, who joined the ert joined VOA. Beyond the Chestnut Trees is before the fall of the Berlin Wall and the libera- Voice in February 1942 and was credited with centered on Marie’s return to Prague and her tion of Prague once again. being the first to announce in German (from a comparisons of the old days with new post-Com- In the words of reviewer and author Gail God- studio in London) that the D-Day invasion in munist Prague that eventually emerged, includ- win: “Beyond the Chestnut Trees… is an elegant 1944 was underway. Mrs. Bauer’s reminiscences ing her visit to her childhood home still stand- book, beautifully structured, with vividly evoked are based around her return to her native Prague ing on Under the Chestnuts Street. landscapes and personalities. It does what my after an absence of 40 years. Readers also learn Maria and Robert Bauer served in the U.S. F favorite kind of writing does: manages to slip much about the impact of VOA in postwar oreign Service as part of the U.S. Information through the visible conventional surfaces of life Europe, its travails during the McCarthy hear- Agency in three countries in turmoil: Iran, In- and illuminate the mysterious, unseen qualities ings in the early 1950s, and Robert’s courageous dia, and finally, Egypt. Her book concludes with of people and things. It is a moving, intelligent, defense of America’s Voice. Franz Kafka’s memorable statement: “When ev- and highly readable account of what it was like As Nazi Germany swept across Western erything already seems to have come to an end, to be a certain person who lived in turbulent, in- Europe in the late 1930s and first half of the new forces do come forth and that means pre- teresting, historic times and kept her eyes open 1940s, Maria and her husband, Austrian-born cisely that you are alive.” In the authors’ words: the whole way.” Robert Bauer, fled to France then Portugal, were “Reality, no matter how harsh, is always easier married during their perilous westward escape to bear than the fear of it.” A fitting conclusion,

118 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES DR. NICHOLAS J. CULL THE COLD WAR AND THE UNITED STATES INFORMATION AGENCY: AMERICAN PROPAGANDA AND PUBLIC DIPLOMACY, 1945-1989 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2008, 533 PAGES.

THE THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE UNITED STATES INFORMATION AGENCY: AMERICAN PUBLIC DIPLOMACY, 1989-2001, PALGRAVE, 2012, 257 PAGES.

Dr. Nicholas Cull is a professor and founding The Cold War and the United States Informa- OTHER BOOKS BY NICHOLAS J. CULL director of the Master’s Program in Public Diplo- tion Agency and its sequel contain many details Selling War, Oxford University Press, New macy at the University of Southern California’s about the history of VOA, a major part of USIA York, 1995, a study of British information Annenberg School. The research and teaching of before that Agency was dissolved in 1999. Kris- work in the United States before Pearl Harbor. this internationally renowned scholar centers on tin Lord, president and CEO of IREX, a Washing- Propaganda and Mass Persuasion: the interface of media, culture and foreign affairs. ton-based independent non-profit organization A Historical Encyclopedia, 1500 to the A graduate with B.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the promoting democracy in Eastern Europe and Present, 2003. University of Leeds, United Kingdom, Dr. Cull was elsewhere, wrote that Cull’s principal work on Film, Music and Stories of Undocumented a research fellow at Princeton and later taught at USIA “is the definitive history of U.S. political Immigrants, University of New Mexico Press, the University of Birmingham (1992-1997) and diplomacy. It is a masterwork, meticulously re- 2004. Leicester University (1997-2005) before mov- searched and engagingly written. It should be Co-authored with James Chapman: ing to USC. He has lectured widely around the required reading for anyone who cares about U.S. Projecting Empire: Imperialism in Popular world, including at foreign ministries and diplo- foreign policy.” Culture, 2009, and Projecting Tomorrow: matic academies in the U.K., Canada, India, South Science Fiction in Popular Cinema, 2013, Korea, Mexico, South Africa, and Switzerland. both published by IB Taurus London. U.S Public Diplomacy in Spain: Selling Democracy? Palgrave New York, 2015, co-edited with Francisco Rodriguez and Lorenzo Delgado.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 119 MERNI INGRASSIA FITZGERALD THE VOICE OF AMERICA DODD, MEAD & COMPANY, NEW YORK, 1987, 118 PAGES.

Merni Fitzgerald, an author of children’s books, mobile studio known as the Voyager, and the served for years as public information officer very popular, slowly delivered Special English with the Fairfax County Park Authority in Virgin- program with limited vocabulary but scanning ia. She also was a Brownie Girl Scout leader and a the whole range of human experience to help lis- member of the Girl Scout Council in Washington, teners with limited knowledge of the language. DC. Born in Milwaukee, Fitzgerald is a graduate of (Today, the program is called Learning English). James Madison University with a B.S. in political This thoroughly researched book contains com- science. She created and edited a monthly chil- ments by listeners from a rainbow-like variety of dren’s newspaper page and produced three chil- countries, among them the former Soviet Union, dren’s television shows. She also wrote The Peace China, Burkina Faso, Poland, Brazil, Sweden, Nige- Corps Today, and her articles have appeared in ria, the Dominican Republic, Ukraine, and Afghan- Ebony Jr.! and Cricket. istan, all in sentences easily understandable by The Voice of America is a behind-the-scenes elementary school readers of English. look at VOA in the 1980s, including chapters In December 1986, VOA Director Richard on the formative years in World War II, its Cold W. Carlson, in an introduction to The Voice of War role, and audience reaction. A listener in America, wrote: “Merni Fitzgerald has captured Ghana wrote: “As a regular listener to VOA, noth- the unique spirit of VOA in an entertaining and ing new escapes my ears. If you dial VOA, you absorbing narrative chock-full of anecdotes take a ride on the eagle’s wings and nothing which really bring the VOA story to life. This book escapes the sharp piercing eyes of the eagle.” will show schoolchildren across the United States Chapters explain how VOA operates: its music that government-run international radio can be a programming and audience reaction, the impact powerfully effective tool of public diplomacy, and of White House correspondent Philomena Jurey’s that all around the globe there are friends of VOA reporting in China, the travels in the 1980s of its who have become friends of America.”

120 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Willis Conover Interviews Louis Armstrong.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 121 DR. HOLLY COWAN SHULMAN THE VOICE OF AMERICA: PROPAGANDA AND DEMOCRACY, 1941-1945 THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN PRESS, 1990, 282 PAGES.

A research professor in the Department of lic Diplomacy Council forum in VOA’s 75th year, Dolley Madison: Her Life, Letters, and Legacy History at the University of Virginia and expert Holly Shulman chronicled the first major change The Rosen Publishing Group, 2003, 112 pages; on Dolley Madison, Dr. Shulman is the daughter in the Voice’s senior management in 1943. That audio book edition, 1 hour and 26 minutes, of VOA’s second director, Louis Geoffrey Cowan was the year her father, the late Louis Cowan, 2009. This children’s book was co-authored (1943-1945), and sister of Geoff Cowan, the 22nd assumed charge of the VOA team broadcasting with David B. Mattern. One reviewer wrote: “It’s director of the Voice of America (1994-1996) and from New York. a good book, with lots of pictures, a timeline, former dean of the USC Annenberg School. She is “In its earliest years,” Shulman recalled, “VOA’s glossary and additional resources, bibliography the Founding Director of the Documents Compass first director, actor and producer John House- and credits as well as a description of the at the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities man, supported dramatization and an enter- authors.” The book was part of a biographical and Editor-in-Chief of the Dolley Madison Digital taining twist to the news. That changed in 1943, series designed for Grades 4-8 in a 12-book Edition. Before joining the UVA faculty in 1999, when the founding leaders were asked to resign series, Extend the Learning. she was at the University of Maryland at College or given assignments elsewhere.” Then, the VOA The Eleanor Roosevelt Encyclopedia, by Park. There she served as associate director of historian recalled, their successors refashioned Maurine Hoffman Beasley, Holly Cowan Shul- the College Park Scholars Program in Science, VOA from agitprop to telling the truth.” In 1942, man, and Henry R. Beasley, Greenwood Press, Technology and Society. She is a B.A. graduate at the newly-established VOA likely had only a few 2000, 656 pages, winner of the 2001 Booklist the University of Chicago, M.A. at Columbia Uni- thousand listeners. After three quarters of a cen- Academic Choice Award. versity, and Ph.D. at the University of Maryland. tury on the air, rigorous research estimated that The Selected Letters of Dolley Payne Shulman’s The Voice of America: Propaganda the Voice’s all-time record 2016 audience in more Madison, edited by David B. Mattern and Holly and Democracy, 1941-1945 is the classic study than 45 languages was approximately 237 mil- C. Shulman, University of Virginia Press, 2003. of VOA’s founding and early years. At a USC-Pub- lion multimedia users every week.

122 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES Between 1952 and 1964 the Voice of America used the Coast Guard ship USCGC Courier (WAGR-410) as a floating broadcast relay station. Pictured: A Coast Gaurd sailor adjusts the ship’s parabolic microwave antennas. The Courier contained the most powerful communications radio transmitter ever installed on board a ship.

75 YEARS OF AFTER-HOURS WISDOM 123 We hope you have enjoyed VOA Authors: Many Years, Many Stories. You can also find VOA Authors on our website, InsideVOA.com. – VOA Public Relations

124 VOA AUTHORS: MANY YEARS • MANY STORIES