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RD-24 CommScope Cable Technician Pocket Guide Subscriber Access Networks Document MX0398 Revision U © 2021 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks ARRIS, the ARRIS logo, CommScope, and the CommScope logo are trademarks of CommScope, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. E-2000 is a trademark of Diamond S.A. CommScope is not sponsored, affiliated or endorsed by Diamond S.A. No part of this content may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or adaptation) without written permission from CommScope, Inc and/or its affiliates ("CommScope"). CommScope reserves the right to revise or change this content from time to time without obligation on the part of CommScope to provide notification of such revision or change. CommScope provides this content without warranty of any kind, implied or expressed, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. CommScope may make improvements or changes in the products or services described in this content at any time. The capabilities, system requirements and/or compatibility with third-party products described herein are subject to change without notice. ii CommScope, Inc. CommScope (NASDAQ: COMM) helps design, build and manage wired and wireless networks around the world. As a communications infrastructure leader, we shape the always-on networks of tomor- row. For more than 40 years, our global team of greater than 20,000 employees, innovators and technologists have empowered customers in all regions of the world to anticipate what's next and push the boundaries of what's possible. Discover more at www.commscope.com. CommScope, Inc. iii CommScope is a supporter of SCTE and its mission to provide broadband professionals with the best resources possible to help them on the job and in their careers. CommScope is the proud sponsor of SCTE’s “Star of Integrity” Award, recognizing excellence in the industry. Advancing the careers of telecommunications professionals and serving their industry through excellence in technological training, certification and standards. 800-542-5040 www.scte.org iv CommScope, Inc. Contact Information For Technical support contacts worldwide, please visit https://www.commscope.com/Support. For a complete list of local sales representatives worldwide, please visit https://extapps.commscope.com/howtobuy/sales- locator. CommScope, Inc. v vi CommScope, Inc. Introduction This Pocket Guide is divided Safety 1 into 11 chapters. The right pages of each chapter are marked with a tab that lines RF Data 2 up with the thumb index tabs on the right side of this page. You can quickly find the first page of each chapter by RF Calculations 3 flipping through the pages of this Pocket Guide to find the chapter that you want or by Maintenance and 4 using the Table of Contents Troubleshooting which follows. Disclaimer International TV Formats 5 All information in this Pocket Guide is based on the latest Cable, Taps, Plug-ins, and industry and product Passives 6 information available at the time of printing. CommScope, Inc. reserves Fiber Data 7 the right to make changes at any time without notice. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in Packet Transport (MPEG/IP) 8 retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form by any means—electronic, Symbols and Acronyms 9 mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise—without prior written consent of CommScope, Inc. Data Transmission 10 Miscellaneous Data 11 CommScope, Inc. vii Table of Contents 1 Safety Utility Color Codes . 1-2 National Electric Code . 1-2 Housing Opening and Closing Examples for Nodes and Amplifiers . 1-3 2RF Data Television Channel Frequency Data. 2-2 North America—CCIR System M . 2-6 Sub-VHF Frequencies . 2-10 Western Europe—Off-Air CCIR System B/G Frequencies . 2-11 Great Britain—CCIR System Frequencies . 2-11 Western CCIR System B/G Cable Frequencies . 2-12 China—CCIR System D . 2-14 CCIR Television Transmission Characteristics . 2-16 CommScope MC2 Coaxial Cable . 2-17 Comm/Scope Drop Cable . 2-18 Tilt vs Cable Chart . 2-19 Cable and Equalizer Formulas . 2-20 HRC Channel Plan. 2-22 EIA Channel Nomenclature . 2-25 VHF and UHF Channel Plan . 2-26 QAM Channel Center Frequencies . 2-28 FCC Rules and Regulations, Part 76 . 2-29 Performance Standards . 2-35 MoCA Frequency Allocation . 2-36 WiFi RF Band Assignments (US) . 2-36 WiMAX RF Band Assignment (US Typical) . 2-36 Frequency Allocation Chart . 2-37 3 RF Calculations Determining Carrier Levels . 3-2 System Performance Equations . 3-7 Output Level on Performance . 3-20 CSO and CTB . 3-21 Derating Performance . 3-36 Voltage Addition Chart . 3-39 Power Addition Chart . 3-40 Spectrum Analyzer Error Correction Chart . 3-41 dBmV/Hz Bandwidth Conversion . 3-43 Return Loss, Reflection, and Standing Waves . 3-44 4 Maintenance and Troubleshooting Cumulative Leakage Index Calculation (CLI) . 4-2 Maximum Leakage Field Strength Levels . 4-3 Leakage Measurement at Different Distances. 4-4 Dipole Antenna Equations . 4-5 Sweep vs. Balance . 4-6 viii CommScope, Inc. Troubleshooting . 4-11 5 International TV Formats International Channel Standards . 5-2 Channel Formats . 5-5 Distortion Conversions for International TV. 5-7 Carrier Options. 5-8 6 Cable, Taps, Plug-ins, and Passives Basic Cable Calculations . 6-2 Cable Specifications . 6-6 Plug-in Accessories . 6-14 RF Taps and Passives . 6-22 7 Fiber Data Fiber Optic Color Code . 7-2 Fiber Loss . 7-2 Optical Connectors. 7-3 Optical Attenuators. 7-6 Optical Couplers and Splitters. 7-7 Fiber Care and Cleaning . 7-8 Wavelength Division Multiplexing Specifications. 7-16 Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) . 7-16 Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM). 7-17 Optical Modulation Index (OMI) . 7-30 dBm Conversions . 7-34 Test Point DC Voltage Reference . 7-35 8 Packet Transport (MPEG/IP) SONET OC. 8-2 T1-E1 . 8-3 Cable Modems and eMTAs. 8-4 OSI Model . 8-4 Ethernet Frames . 8-6 Ethernet Bit Rates . 8-7 Ethernet Activation Testing . 8-8 MPEG PSI. 8-9 MPEG header. 8-10 IPv4 header . 8-11 IPv6 header . 8-13 TCP header . 8-14 UDP Header . 8-15 IPv4 Classes . 8-16 IPv4 Subnetting . 8-17 Decimal/Binary/Hexadecimal . 8-18 IPv6 Addressing . 8-19 IPv6 Multicast Addresses. 8-20 Fiber Colors . 8-21 IP Utilities. 8-22 T568(RJ-45) . 8-25 CommScope, Inc. ix 25 Pair Cable Color Codes (RJ-21) . 8-26 T568(RJ-11). 8-27 RJ-31x . 8-28 9 Symbols and Acronyms Common CATV Symbols . 9-2 Common Industry Abbreviations and Acronyms. 9-5 10 Data Transmission Digital Transmission Standards. 10-2 Measuring Digital Carrier Signals . 10-3 DOCSIS Transmission Downstream . 10-5 EuroDOCSIS Transmission Downstream . 10-7 DOCSIS Transmission Upstream . 10-9 EuroDOCSIS Transmission Upstream . 10-10 Digital Signal Formats and Occupied Bandwidth1 . 10-11 Bandwidth Correction Factors1 . 10-12 RF Levels for 64 and 256 QAM Signals . 10-13 Addressing Schemes and Protocols . 10-14 Constellation Diagrams . 10-17 802.11a Channels . 10-19 802.11b/g Channels. 10-19 Linear Tilt Worksheet . 10-20 Digitizing an Analog Signal. 10-21 QAM Transmission Basics . 10-23 QAM Constellation Diagram Analysis. 10-25 BER, FEC, MER . 10-30 DOCSIS. 10-33 Common Industry Data Rates . 10-36 11 Miscellaneous Data Scientific Prefix Symbols and Values . 11-2 Unit Abbreviations. 11-2 Unit Conversion Factors. ..
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